第一篇：胡錦濤在十七大上的講話英文版

中國共產(chǎn)黨第十七次全國代表大會報告 英文版

2008-01-28

HOLD HIGH THE GREAT BANNER OF SOCIALISM WITH CHINESE CHARACTERISTICS AND STRIVE FOR NEW VICTORIES IN BUILDING A MODERATELY PROSPEROUS SOCIETY IN ALL RESPECTS

Report to the Seventeenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China on October 15, 2007

Hu Jintao

Comrades, Now I would like to make a report to the Seventeenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)on behalf of the Sixteenth Central Committee.The Seventeenth Congress is one of vital importance being held at a crucial stage of China’s reform and development.The theme of the congress is to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, continue to emancipate the mind, persist in reform and opening up, pursue development in a scientific way, promote social harmony, and strive for new victories in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.The great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the banner guiding development and progress in contemporary China and rallying the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the country in our common endeavor.Emancipating the mind is a magic instrument for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, reform and opening up provide a strong driving force for developing it, and scientific development and social harmony are basic requirements for developing it.Building a moderately prosperous society in all respects is a goal for the Party and the state to reach by 2020, and represents the fundamental interests of the people of all ethnic groups.The world today is undergoing extensive and profound changes, and contemporary China is going through a wide-ranging and deep-going transformation.This brings us unprecedented opportunities as well as unprecedented challenges, with the former outweighing the latter.The whole Party must unswervingly hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics and lead the people in starting from this new historical point, grasping and making the most of the important period of strategic opportunities, staying realistic and pragmatic, forging ahead with determination, continuing to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and accelerate socialist modernization, and accomplishing the lofty mission bestowed by the times.I.The Work of the Past Five Years

The five years since the Sixteenth Congress was an extraordinary period.In order to accomplish the arduous tasks of reform and development in a complicated and volatile international situation, the Party led the people of all ethnic groups in holding high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, overcoming difficulties and risks, creating a new situation in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and attaining a new realm in adapting Marxism to conditions in China.At its Sixteenth Congress the Party established the important thought of Three Represents as its guide and made the strategic decision to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects.In order to implement

the guiding principles of the congress, the Central Committee convened seven plenary sessions, at which it made decisions on and arrangements for major issues of overall significance such as deepening institutional restructuring, improving the socialist market economy, strengthening the governance capability of the Party, drawing up the Eleventh Five-Year Plan(2006-10), and building a harmonious socialist society;and it formulated and applied the Scientific Outlook on Development and other major strategic thoughts.All this helped the Party and the state score great new achievements.Economic strength increased substantially.The economy sustained steady and rapid growth.The GDP expanded by an annual average of over 10%.Economic performance improved significantly, national revenue rose markedly year by year, and prices were basically stable.Efforts to build a new socialist countryside yielded solid results, and development among regions became more balanced.The endeavor to make China an innovative nation registered good progress, with considerable improvement in the country’s capacity for independent innovation.Notable achievements were scored in the construction of infrastructure including energy, transport and telecommunications facilities and other key projects.Manned spaceflights were successfully conducted.Fresh progress was registered in energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation.The Tenth Five-Year Plan(2001-05)was fulfilled successfully and implementation of the eleventh is in smooth progress.Major breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up.Comprehensive reforms in rural areas gradually deepened;agricultural tax, livestock tax and taxes on special agricultural products were rescinded throughout the country;and policies were constantly strengthened to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers.Significant headway was made in reform of the state assets management system, state-owned enterprises, banking, public finance, taxation, investment, pricing, and the system for managing science and technology.The non-public sector of the economy grew stronger.A sound market system was being put in place, macroeconomic regulation continued to improve, and transformation of government functions was accelerated.The total volume of imports and exports increased sharply.Solid steps were taken in implementing the “go

global” strategy, and the open economy entered a new stage of development.Living standards improved significantly.Both urban and rural incomes increased considerably, and most families had more property than before.The system of subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents was basically in place, guaranteeing basic living conditions for the poor.Residents improved their consumption patterns, had increasingly better food, clothing, housing, transport and other daily necessities, and enjoyed markedly improved public services.Fresh progress was registered in improving democracy and the legal system.Political restructuring progressed steadily.Constant improvement was made in the system of people’s congresses, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC and the system of regional ethnic autonomy.Primary-level democracy increased its vitality.The cause of human rights witnessed sound development.The patriotic united front grew stronger.A socialist law system with Chinese characteristics was basically in place.The rule of law was effectively implemented as a fundamental principle.Reform of the government administration system and the judicial system continued to deepen.A new situation was created in cultural development.Efforts to establish the system of socialist core values made steady headway and marked achievements were scored in the Project to Study and Develop Marxist Theory.Extensive efforts were made to raise ideological and ethical standards and the whole of society became more culturally advanced.Cultural restructuring made important progress, cultural programs and the cultural industry developed rapidly, and the people enjoyed a richer cultural life.Fresh progress was made in public fitness programs and competitive sports.Social development proceeded in an all-round way.Education of various kinds and at different levels developed rapidly.Free compulsory education was made available in all rural areas.More job opportunities were created.The social security system was strengthened.The battle against SARS came to a great victory.The public health system and basic medical care constantly improved, contributing to better health of the

people.Social management improved step by step.Social stability was ensured and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment.Historic achievements were scored in the development of national defense and the armed forces.The revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics was accelerated.The armed forces were reduced by 200,000 troops.Efforts were intensified in all respects to make the armed forces more revolutionary, modernized and standardized, which notably increased their capacity to accomplish their historical missions at this new stage in the new century.Work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan affairs was intensified.Hong Kong and Macao maintained their prosperity and stability and developed closer economic partnership with the mainland.Political parties on both sides of the Taiwan Straits started communication, and cross-Straits visits as well as economic and cultural exchanges reached a new high.The Anti-Secession Law was enacted to resolutely safeguard China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.Major progress was made in all-directional diplomacy.Pursuing an independent foreign policy of peace, China energetically carried out diplomatic activities, enhanced exchanges and cooperation with other countries in various fields and played a major constructive role in international affairs.This created a favorable international environment for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.The great new undertaking to build the Party made solid progress.Endeavors to strengthen the Party’s governance capability and vanguard nature were intensified.Efforts to make theoretical innovations and arm Party members with the achievements proved successful.The campaign to educate Party members to preserve their vanguard nature yielded substantial results.Intra-Party democracy continued to expand.Major headway was made in strengthening the Party’s leading bodies and the ranks of its cadres, and especially in educating and training cadres.Work in relation to talented personnel was strengthened.Efforts were stepped up to reform the cadre and personnel system and make innovations in the organizational system.Remarkable results were achieved in improving the Party’s style of work, upholding integrity and combating corruption.While recognizing our achievements, we must be well aware that they still fall short of the expectations of the people and that there are still quite a few difficulties and problems on our way forward.The outstanding ones include the following: Our economic growth is realized at an excessively high cost of resources and the environment.There remains an imbalance in development between urban and rural areas, among regions, and between the economy and society.It has become more difficult to bring about a steady growth of agriculture and continued increase in farmers’ incomes.There are still many problems affecting people’s immediate interests in areas such as employment, social security, income distribution, education, public health, housing, work safety, administration of justice and public order;and some low-income people lead a rather difficult life.More efforts are needed to promote ideological and ethical progress.The governance capability of the Party falls somewhat short of the need to deal with the new situation and tasks.In-depth investigations and studies have yet to be conducted on some major practical issues related to reform, development and stability.Some primary Party organizations are weak and lax.A small number of Party cadres are not honest and upright, their formalism and bureaucratism are quite conspicuous, and extravagance, waste, corruption and other undesirable behavior are still serious problems with them.We must pay close attention to these problems and continue our efforts to solve them.To sum up, the past five years was a period in which substantial progress was made in reform, opening up and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.During this period, China’s overall strength grew considerably and the people enjoyed more tangible benefits.China’s international standing and influence rose notably.The creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness of the Party increased significantly, and the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups became more united.Facts have proved that the major policy decisions made by the Central Committee at and since the Sixteenth Congress are perfectly correct.Our achievements over the past five years are attributed to the concerted efforts of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups.On behalf of the Central Committee, I wish to express our heartfelt thanks to the people of all ethnic groups, the democratic parties, people’s

organizations and patriots from all walks of life, to our compatriots in the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macao and in Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese nationals, and to our foreign friends who care about and support China’s modernization drive!

II.The Great Historical Course of Reform and Opening Up

We will soon be celebrating the 30th anniversary of the start of reform and opening up.In 1978, the Party held the historic Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, which ushered in the new historical period of reform and opening up.Since then, the Chinese Communists and the Chinese people have, in an indomitable enterprising spirit and with their spectacular practice of innovation, composed a new epic recounting the Chinese nation’s ceaseless efforts to make progress and become stronger, and historic changes have taken place in the visages of the Chinese people, socialist China and the CPC.Reform and opening up represent a great new revolution carried on by the people under the Party’s leadership in a new era to release and develop the productive forces, modernize the country, bring prosperity to the Chinese people and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation;to promote the self-improvement and development of China’s socialist system, inject new vitality into socialism, and build and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics;and to improve the building of the Party as it leads contemporary China in development and progress, preserve and enhance its vanguard nature, and ensure that it is always in the forefront of the times.We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was conducted on a foundation laid by the Party’s first generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Mao Zedong at its core, which founded Mao Zedong Thought, led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in establishing the People’s Republic and scoring great achievements in our socialist revolution and construction, and gained invaluable experience in its painstaking exploration for laws governing socialist construction.The victory in the new-democratic revolution and the establishment of the basic system of socialism provided the

fundamental political prerequisite and institutional basis for every inch of development and progress in contemporary China.We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was initiated by the Party’s second generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Deng Xiaoping at its core leading the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the endeavor.In a precarious situation left by the “cultural revolution”(1966-76), the second generation of central collective leadership, persisting in emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts and displaying immense political and theoretical courage, made a scientific appraisal of Comrade Mao Zedong and Mao Zedong Thought, thoroughly repudiated the erroneous theory and practice of “taking class struggle as the key link,” and made the historic policy decision to shift the focus of the work of the Party and the state onto economic development and introduce reform and opening up.It established the basic line for the primary stage of socialism, sounded the clarion call of the times for taking our own road and building socialism with Chinese characteristics, founded Deng Xiaoping Theory, and led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in striding forward on the great journey of reform and opening up.We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was carried on, developed and successfully carried into the 21st century by the Party’s third generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Jiang Zemin at its core leading the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups on this mission.From the Fourth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee through the Sixteenth Congress, the third generation of central collective leadership, which took over the helm at a critical historical juncture, held high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory, pressed ahead with reform and opening up and kept up with the times.Relying on the Party and the people, it stood the severe tests of political turbulences and economic risks at home and abroad, safeguarded socialism with Chinese characteristics, initiated the new, socialist market economy and ushered in a new phase of all-round opening up;and it advanced the great new undertaking to build the Party, founded the important thought of Three Represents, and steered the ship of reform and opening up forward on the right course.Since the Sixteenth Congress, we have followed the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, kept up with new developments and changes in and outside China, grasped the strategic opportunities in this important period, promoted the truth-seeking, pragmatic and pioneering spirit and persisted in innovation in both theory and practice.We have worked hard to promote scientific development and social harmony, improved the socialist market economy, and resolutely carried forward the great cause of reform and opening up in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Reform and opening up constitute the most salient feature of the new period.From the countryside to the cities and from the economic to other areas, the process of sweeping reform has unfolded with irresistible momentum.From the coastal areas to areas along the Yangtze River and the borders, and from the eastern to the central and western regions, the door has been resolutely opened to the outside world.This great undertaking of reform and opening up, never seen before in history, has greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of hundreds of millions of Chinese people and brought about China’s historic transformation from a highly centralized planned economy to a robust socialist market economy, and from a closed or semi-closed state to all-round opening up.Today socialist China is standing rock-firm in the East, oriented toward modernization, the world and the future.Rapid development represents the most remarkable achievement in the new period.The Party has been implementing the three-step strategy for modernization, leading the people in working hard to promote China’s sustained rapid development at a rate rarely seen in the world.China’s economy, once on the verge of collapse, has grown to rank as the fourth largest in the world, and its import and export volume, the third biggest.The Chinese people, once inadequately fed and clad, are leading a fairly comfortable life on the whole.The impoverished population in rural areas has dropped from more than 250 million to just over 20 million.The country’s achievements in political, cultural and social development have captured world attention.China’s development has not only enabled its people to move steadily toward prosperity and happiness, but also

contributed substantially to the growth of the world economy and the progress of human civilization.Keeping up with the times is the most prominent hallmark of the new period.Adhering to the Marxist ideological line, the Party has been constantly seeking answers to major theoretical and practical questions such as what socialism is and how to build it, what kind of party we must build and how to build it, and what kind of development China should achieve and how to achieve it.The Party has been constantly adapting Marxism to conditions in China, and adhering to and enriching its own basic theory, line, program and experience.Socialism and Marxism have shown great vitality on Chinese soil, brought more benefits to the people, and enabled the Chinese nation to catch up with the trend of the times in great strides and see the bright future of national rejuvenation.Facts have incontrovertibly proved that the decision to begin reform and opening up is vital to the destiny of contemporary China, that reform and opening up are the only way of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and rejuvenating the Chinese nation, that only socialism can save China and that only reform and opening up can develop China, socialism and Marxism.As a great new revolution, reform and opening up are not to be plain sailing or be accomplished overnight.Essentially they accord with the aspirations of the Party membership and the people and keep up with the trend of the times.The orientation and path of reform and opening up are entirely correct, and their merits and achievements can never be negated.To stop or reverse reform and opening up would only lead to a blind alley.In the historical course of reform and opening up, the Party has combined adhering to the basic tenets of Marxism with adapting it to Chinese conditions, upholding the Four Cardinal Principles? with adhering to the reform and opening up policy, respecting the people’s pioneering initiative with strengthening the Party’s leadership, adhering to the basic system of socialism with developing the market economy, effecting changes in the economic base with promoting reform of the superstructure, developing the productive forces with improving the cultural and ethical quality of the whole nation, raising efficiency with promoting social equity, pursuing independent development with taking part in economic

globalization, promoting reform and development with maintaining social stability, and advancing the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics with making progress in the great new undertaking to build the Party.In this course the Party has gained invaluable experience in eliminating poverty, accelerating modernization, and consolidating and developing socialism in a large developing country of over one billion people.To sum up, the fundamental reason behind all our achievements and progress since the reform and opening up policy was introduced is that we have blazed a path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and established a system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Essentially, to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics means to keep to this path and uphold this system.Taking the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics means we will, under the leadership of the CPC and in light of China’s basic conditions, take economic development as the central task, adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles and persevere in reform and opening up, release and develop the productive forces, consolidate and improve the socialist system, develop the socialist market economy, socialist democracy, an advanced socialist culture and a harmonious socialist society, and make China a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious modern socialist country.The main reason this path is completely correct and can lead China to development and progress is that we have adhered to the basic tenets of scientific socialism and in the meantime added to them distinct Chinese characteristics in light of China’s conditions and the features of the times.In contemporary China, to stay true to socialism means to keep to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics constitute a system of scientific theories including Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development and other major strategic thoughts.This system represents the Party’s adherence to and development of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought and embodies the wisdom and hard work of several

generations of Chinese Communists leading the people in carrying out tireless explorations and practices.It is the latest achievement in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, the Party’s invaluable political and intellectual asset, and the common ideological foundation for the concerted endeavor of the people of all ethnic groups.It is an open system that keeps developing.Practices since the publication of the Communist Manifesto nearly 160 years ago have proved that only when Marxism is integrated with the conditions of a specific country, advances in step with the times and is tied to the destiny of the people can it demonstrate its strong vitality, creativity and appeal.In contemporary China, to stay true to Marxism means to adhere to the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics.There is no end to practice or innovation.All Party members must cherish the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, which the Party explored and created after going through all the hardships, keep to the path and uphold the system for a long time to come and constantly develop them.We must continue to emancipate our minds, seek truth from facts, keep up with the times, make bold changes and innovations, stay away from rigidity or stagnation, fear no risks, never be confused by any interference, broaden our path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and ensure that the truth of Marxism of contemporary China shines even more brightly.III.Thoroughly Applying the Scientific Outlook on Development

To continue to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics at the new stage of development, we must follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.The Scientific Outlook on Development is a continuation and development of the important thoughts on development advanced by the previous three generations of central collective leadership of the CPC and a concentrated expression of the Marxist world outlook and methodology

with regard to development.It is a scientific theory that is in the same line as Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and keeps up with the times.It is an important guiding principle for China’s economic and social development and a major strategic thought that we must uphold and apply in developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.In light of the basic reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism, the Scientific Outlook on Development has been formulated to meet new requirements of development by analyzing China’s own practice and drawing on the experience of other countries in development.At this new stage in the new century, China’s development shows a series of new features which are mainly as follows: The economic strength has increased markedly, but the overall productivity remains low, the capacity for independent innovation is weak, and the longstanding structural problems and the extensive mode of growth are yet to be fundamentally addressed.The socialist market economy is basically in place, but there remain structural and institutional obstacles slowing down development, and further reform in difficult areas is confronted with deep-seated problems.A relatively comfortable standard of living has been achieved for the people as a whole, but the trend of a growing gap in income distribution has not been thoroughly reversed, there are still a considerable number of impoverished and low-income people in both urban and rural areas, and it has become more difficult to accommodate the interests of all sides.Efforts to balance development have yielded remarkable results, but the foundation of agriculture remains weak, the rural areas still lag behind in development, and we face an arduous task to narrow the urban-rural and interregional gaps in development and promote balanced economic and social development.Socialist democracy has continued to develop and we have made steady progress in implementing the rule of law as a fundamental principle, but efforts to improve democracy and the legal system fall somewhat short of the need to expand people’s democracy and promote economic and social development, and political restructuring has to be deepened.Socialist culture is thriving as never before, but the people have growing cultural needs and have become more independent, selective, changeable and diverse in thinking, setting higher requirements for the

development of an advanced socialist culture.Our society has become evidently more dynamic, but profound changes have taken place in the structure of society, in the way society is organized and in the pattern of social interests, and many new issues have emerged in social development and management.China is opening wider to the outside world, but international competition is becoming increasingly acute, pressure in the form of the economic and scientific dominance of developed countries will continue for a long time to come, both predictable and unpredictable risks are increasing, and the need to balance domestic development and opening to the outside world is greater than ever.All this shows that through the unremitting efforts we have made since the founding of the People’s Republic in 1949, particularly since the introduction of the reform and opening up policy, China has scored achievements in development that have captured world attention, and experienced far-reaching changes in the productive forces and the relations of production, as well as in the economic base and the superstructure.However, the basic reality that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come has not changed, nor has Chinese society’s principal contradiction – the one between the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the low level of social production.The current features of development in China are a concrete manifestation of that basic reality at this new stage in the new century.Stressing recognition of the basic reality is not meant to belittle ourselves, wallow in backwardness, or encourage unrealistic pursuit of quick results.Rather, such recognition will serve as the basis of our endeavor to advance reform and plan for development.We must always remain sober-minded, base our efforts on the most significant reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism, scientifically analyze the new opportunities and challenges arising from China’s full involvement in economic globalization, fully understand the new situation and tasks in China’s advance toward an industrialized, information-based, urbanized, market-oriented and internationalized country, have a good grasp of the new issues and problems we face in development, follow more conscientiously the path of scientific

development, and strive to open up a broader vista for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.The Scientific Outlook on Development takes development as its essence, putting people first as its core, comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development as its basic requirement, and overall consideration as its fundamental approach.– We must regard development as the top priority of the Party in governing and rejuvenating the country.Development is of decisive significance for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and speeding up socialist modernization.We must firmly commit ourselves to the central task of economic development, concentrate on construction and development, and keep releasing and developing the productive forces.We must better implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the nation with trained personnel and the strategy of sustainable development.We must grasp the law of development, make innovations in our thinking, transform the mode of development, crack hard issues and raise quality and efficiency to achieve sound and rapid development, so that we can lay a solid foundation for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.We must strive for scientific development by putting people first and making it comprehensive, balanced and sustainable;we must strive for harmonious development by integrating all undertakings and promoting unity and amity among all members of society;and we must strive for peaceful development in the course of which China develops itself by safeguarding world peace and contributes to world peace by developing itself.– We must always put people first.Serving the people wholeheartedly is the fundamental purpose of the Party, and its every endeavor is for the well-being of the people.We must always make sure that the aim and outcome of all the work of the Party and the state is to realize, safeguard and expand the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.We must respect the principal position of the people in the country’s political life, give play to their creativity, protect their rights and interests, take the path of prosperity for all and promote their

all-round development, to ensure that development is for the people, by the people and with the people sharing in its fruits.– We must pursue comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development.In accordance with the overall arrangements for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, we will promote all-round economic, political, cultural and social development, coordinate all links and aspects of our modernization drive, and balance the relations of production with the productive forces and the superstructure with the economic base.We must adopt an enlightened approach to development that results in expanded production, a better life and sound ecological and environmental conditions, and build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society that coordinates growth rate with the economic structure, quality and efficiency, and harmonizes economic growth with the population, resources and the environment, so that our people will live and work under sound ecological and environmental conditions and our economy and society will develop in a sustainable way.– We must persist in overall consideration.We need to correctly understand and handle the major relationships in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and balance urban and rural development, development among regions, economic and social development, relations between man and nature, and domestic development and opening to the outside world.We must take into overall consideration the relationships between the central and local authorities, between personal and collective interests, between interests of the part and those of the whole, and between immediate and long-term interests, so as to fully arouse the initiative of all sides.We must take both the domestic and international situations into consideration, develop a global and strategic perspective, be good at seizing opportunities for development and coping with risks and challenges in a changing world, and work for a favorable international environment.While planning our work from an overall perspective, we need to work hard to make breakthroughs on the key issues that affect the overall situation and on the major problems that affect public interests.To thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, we must always adhere to the Party’s basic line of taking economic development as the central task and upholding the Four Cardinal Principles and the reform and opening up policy, known as “one central task and two basic

points.” As the lifeblood of the Party and the country, this basic line provides the political guarantee for scientific development.Taking economic development as the central task is vital to invigorating our nation and is the fundamental requirement for the robust growth and lasting stability of the Party and the nation.The Four Cardinal Principles are the very foundation for building our country and the political cornerstone for the survival and development of the Party and the nation.Reform and opening up are the path to a stronger China and the source of vitality for the Party and the nation in development and progress.We will continue to apply the line of “one central task and two basic points” in its entirety in our great endeavor to develop socialism with Chinese characteristics;we will never deviate from this line.To thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, we must work energetically to build a harmonious socialist society.Social harmony is an essential attribute of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Scientific development and social harmony are integral to each other and neither is possible without the other.Building a harmonious socialist society is a historical mission throughout the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, as well as a historical process and the social outcome of correctly handling various social problems on the basis of development.It is through development that we will increase the material wealth of society and constantly improve people’s lives, and it is again through development that we will guarantee social equity and justice and constantly promote social harmony.To realize social equity and justice is the Chinese Communists’ consistent position and a major task of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.In accordance with the general requirements for democracy and the rule of law, equity and justice, honesty and fraternity, vigor and vitality, stability and order, and harmony between man and nature and the principle of all the people building and sharing a harmonious socialist society, we will spare no effort to solve the most specific problems of the utmost and immediate concern to the people and strive to create a situation in which all people do their best, find their proper places in society and

live together in harmony, so as to provide a favorable social environment for development.To thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, we must continue to deepen reform and opening up.We need to incorporate the spirit of reform and innovation into all links of governance, unswervingly adhere to the orientation of reform, and have more scientific decision-making and better coordinated measures for reform.We will improve the socialist market economy, promote institutional reform and innovation in various sectors, accelerate reform in important fields and crucial links, improve opening up in all respects and make our systems and mechanisms full of vigor, highly efficient, more open and conducive to scientific development, so as to provide a powerful driving force and an institutional guarantee for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.We will always take improving people’s lives as a pivotal task in balancing reform, development and stability and ensure that our reform always has the endorsement and support of the people.To thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, we must strengthen our efforts to build the Party in earnest.As is required by the Party’s lofty mission of governing and rejuvenating the nation, our efforts to improve the Party’s governance capability and maintain and develop its vanguard nature must serve our task of directing scientific development, promoting social harmony, guiding development and progress in China and better representing and realizing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.In this way, the Party’s work and our efforts to build the Party will better meet the requirement of the Scientific Outlook on Development and provide a reliable political and organizational guarantee for scientific development.All Party members must fully understand the content and grasp the essence of the Scientific Outlook on Development, be more conscious and determined in applying it, change notions that are not in line with it, work hard to solve major problems that affect or constrain scientific development, direct the whole society’s enthusiasm for development to scientific development, and apply this outlook to every aspect of economic and social development.IV.New Requirements for Attaining the Goal of Building

a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects

We have made steady progress toward the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects set at the Sixteenth Congress, and we will continue to work hard to ensure its attainment by 2020.In keeping with changes in domestic and international situations and in light of the expectations of the people of all ethnic groups for a better life, we must follow the trend and laws of economic and social development, uphold the basic program consisting of the basic objectives and policies for economic, political, cultural and social development under socialism with Chinese characteristics, and set new and higher requirements for China’s development on the basis of the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects set at the Sixteenth Congress.– Promote balanced development to ensure sound and rapid economic growth.The development pattern will be significantly transformed.We will quadruple the per capita GDP of the year 2000 by 2020 through optimizing the economic structure and improving economic returns while reducing consumption of resources and protecting the environment.The socialist market economy will be improved.We will greatly enhance our capacity for independent innovation, enabling scientific and technological advancement to contribute much more to economic growth and making China an innovative country.The ratio of consumption to GDP will increase steadily, and consumption, investment and export will be coordinated to boost economic growth.A mechanism for urban and rural areas and for different regions to have balanced and interactive development and a layout of development priority zones will be basically in place.Efforts to build a new socialist countryside will make significant headway.The proportion of urban residents will notably increase.– Expand socialist democracy and better safeguard the people’s rights and interests as well as social equity and justice.Citizens’ participation in political affairs will expand in an orderly way.The rule

of law will be carried out more thoroughly as a fundamental principle, public awareness of law will be further enhanced, and fresh progress will be made in government administration based on the rule of law.Primary-level democracy will be improved.The government will markedly enhance its capability of providing basic public services.– Promote cultural development and notably enhance the cultural and ethical quality of the whole nation.Socialist core values will prevail among the people, and fine ideological and ethical trends will be encouraged.A basic system of public cultural services will cover the whole society, the cultural industry will account for much more of the national economy and become more competitive internationally, and a more abundant supply of cultural products will be available to meet the people’s needs.– Accelerate the development of social programs and improve every aspect of the people’s well-being.The modern system of national education will be further improved, a basic system for lifelong education will be in place, the educational attainment of the whole nation will rise to a much higher level, and the training of innovative personnel will be improved markedly.Employment will be further expanded.A basic system of social security will cover both urban and rural residents so that everyone is assured of basic living standards.A reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution will be basically in place, with middle-income people making up the majority and absolute poverty basically eliminated.Everyone will have access to basic medical and health services.The system of social management will be further improved.– Promote a conservation culture by basically forming an energy-and resource-efficient and environment-friendly structure of industries, pattern of growth and mode of consumption.We will have a large-scale circular economy and considerably increase the proportion of renewable energy sources in total energy consumption.The discharge of major pollutants will be brought under effective control and the ecological and environmental quality will improve notably.Awareness of conservation will be firmly established in the whole of society.When the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects is attained by 2020, China, a large developing socialist country

with an ancient civilization, will have basically accomplished industrialization, with its overall strength significantly increased and its domestic market ranking as one of the largest in the world.It will be a country whose people are better off and enjoy markedly improved quality of life and a good environment.Its citizens will have more extensive democratic rights, show higher ethical standards and look forward to greater cultural achievements.China will have better institutions in all areas and Chinese society will have greater vitality coupled with stability and unity.The country will be still more open and friendly to the outside world and make greater contributions to human civilization.The following five years will be a crucial period for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We must enhance our confidence and work hard to lay a more solid foundation for success in building a moderately prosperous society of a higher level in all respects to the benefit of over one billion people.V.Promoting Sound and Rapid Development of the National Economy

To attain the objectives for economic development, it is essential to significantly accelerate the transformation of the development pattern and improve the socialist market economy.We need to vigorously push forward strategic economic restructuring and make greater efforts to improve China’s capacity for independent innovation as well as energy and environmental conservation, and to enhance the overall quality of the economy and its international competitiveness.We need to deepen our understanding of the laws governing the socialist market economy, introduce institutions to give better play to the basic role of market forces in allocating resources, and form a system of macroeconomic regulation conducive to scientific development.1.Enhance China’s capacity for independent innovation and make China an innovative country.This is the core of our national development strategy and a crucial link in enhancing the overall national strength.We need to keep to the path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics and improve our capacity for independent innovation in

all areas of modernization.We need to conscientiously implement the Outline of the National Program for Long-and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development(2006-20), increase spending on independent innovation, and make breakthroughs in key technologies vital to our economic and social development.We will speed up forming a national innovation system and support basic research, research in frontier technology and technological research for public welfare.We will step up our efforts to establish a market-oriented system for technological innovation, in which enterprises play the leading role and which combines the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes, and guide and support the concentration of factors of innovation in enterprises, thereby promoting the translation of scientific and technological advances into practical productive forces.We will deepen reform of the system for managing science and technology, optimize the allocation of relevant resources, and improve the legal guarantee, policy system, incentive mechanism and market conditions to encourage technological innovation and the application of scientific and technological achievements in production.We will implement the strategy for intellectual property rights.We will make the best use of international resources of science and technology.We will continue to create conditions conducive to innovation, work to train world-class scientists and leaders in scientific and technological research, attach great importance to training innovative personnel in the frontline of production, inspire the creative wisdom of the whole society and bring forth large numbers of innovative personnel in all areas.2.Accelerate transformation of the mode of economic development and promote upgrading of the industrial structure.This is a pressing strategic task vital to the national economy as a whole.We must keep to the new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics, pursue the policy of boosting domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, and propel three transitions in the mode of economic growth: the transition from relying mainly on investment and export to relying on a well coordinated combination of consumption, investment and export, the transition from secondary industry serving as the major driving force to primary, secondary and tertiary industries jointly driving economic

growth, and the transition from relying heavily on increased consumption of material resources to relying mainly on advances in science and technology, improvement in the quality of the workforce and innovation in management.We will develop a modern industrial system, integrate IT application with industrialization, push our large industries to grow stronger, invigorate the equipment manufacturing industry, and eliminate outdated production capacities.We will upgrade new-and high-technology industries and develop information, biotechnology, new materials, aerospace, marine and other industries.We will develop the modern service industry and raise the level of the service sector and its share in the economy.We will step up efforts to improve basic industries and infrastructure and accelerate development of a modern energy industry and a comprehensive transport system.We will ensure the quality and safety of products.We will encourage formation of internationally competitive conglomerates.3.Balance urban and rural development and build a new socialist countryside.As resolution of issues concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers has an overall impact on building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must always make it a top priority in the work of the whole Party.We will strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation of the national economy, take a path of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics, set up a permanent mechanism of industry promoting agriculture and urban areas helping rural areas, and form a new pattern that integrates economic and social development in urban and rural areas.We will continue to take developing modern agriculture and invigorating the rural economy as a primary task, strengthen infrastructure in rural areas, and improve the system of rural markets and that of services for agriculture.We will increase policy measures to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers, strictly protect arable land, increase spending on agriculture, promote advances in agriculture-related science and technology, and improve overall agricultural production capacity to ensure food security for the nation.We will intensify efforts to prevent and control animal and plant epidemic diseases and improve the quality and safety of agricultural products.To increase farmers’ income, we will develop rural enterprises，expand county economies, and transfer rural labor out of farming through various channels.We will enhance poverty reduction through development.We will deepen the comprehensive rural reform, promote reform and innovation in the rural banking system, and reform the system of collective forest rights.We will uphold the basic system for rural operations, stabilize and improve land contract relations, improve the market for transferring land contract and management rights in accordance with the law and on a voluntary and compensatory basis, and develop various forms of appropriate large-scale operations where conditions permit.We will explore effective forms of collective economic operations, develop specialized farmers’ cooperatives, and support the industrialized operation of agriculture and the development of leading agribusinesses.We will train a new type of farmers who are educated and understand both agricultural techniques and business management, and encourage hundreds of millions of farmers to play the major role in building a new countryside.4.Improve energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation and enhance China’s capacity for sustainable development.Adhering to the basic state policy of conserving resources and the environment is vital to the immediate interests of the people and the survival and development of the Chinese nation.We must give prominence to building a resource-conserving, environment-friendly society in our strategy for industrialization and modernization and get every organization and family to act accordingly.We will improve laws and policies to promote energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation, and speed up the formation of systems and mechanisms for sustainable development.We will implement the responsibility system for conserving energy and reducing emissions.We will develop and extend advanced and appropriate technologies for conserving, substituting and recycling energy and resources and for controlling pollution, develop clean and renewable energy sources, protect land and water resources and set up a scientific, rational system for using energy and resources more efficiently.We will develop environmental conservation industries.We will increase spending on energy and environmental conservation with the focus on intensifying prevention and control of water, air and soil

pollution and improving the living environment for both urban and rural residents.We will improve water conservancy, forestry and grasslands, intensify efforts to bring desertification under control and prevent the spread of stony deserts, and promote restoration of the ecosystems.We will enhance our capacity to respond to climate change and make new contributions to protecting the global climate.5.Promote balanced development among regions and improve the pattern of land development.To narrow the gap in development among regions, we must work to ensure their equal access to basic public services and guide a rational flow of factors of production between regions.Following the general strategy for regional development, we will continue to carry out large-scale development of the western region, rejuvenate northeast China and other old industrial bases in an all-round way, boost the development of the central region and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We will strengthen land planning, improve policies for regional development and adjust the geographical distribution of economic operations in accordance with the requirement to form development priority zones.In compliance with the laws governing the market economy, we will work beyond administrative divisions to form a number of close-knit economic rims and belts that will provide a strong impetus to the development of other areas.In locating major projects, we must give full consideration to supporting development of the central and western regions and encourage the eastern region to help them develop.We will give more support to the development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic autonomous areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.We will help transform the economies of areas where natural resources are exhausted.We will have the special economic zones, the Pudong New Area in Shanghai and the Binhai New Area in Tianjin play a major role in reform, opening up and independent innovation.Taking a path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, we will promote balanced development of large, medium-sized and small cities and towns on the principle of balancing urban and rural development, ensuring rational distribution, saving land, providing a full range of functions and getting larger cities to help smaller ones.Focusing on increasing the overall carrying capacity of cities, we will form city clusters with megacities as the core so that

they can boost development in other areas and become new poles of economic growth.6.Improve the basic economic system and the modern market system.We need to uphold and improve the basic economic system in which public ownership is dominant and different economic sectors develop side by side, unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy, unswervingly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector, ensure equal protection of property rights, and create a new situation in which all economic sectors compete on an equal footing and reinforce each other.We will deepen the reform to introduce the corporate and shareholding systems in state-owned enterprises, improve the modern corporate structure and optimize the distribution and structure of the state sector of the economy to enhance its dynamism, dominance and influence.We will deepen the reform of monopoly industries by introducing competition, and strengthen government regulation and public oversight of them.We will accelerate development of a budget system for managing state capital and improve systems and regulations for managing all types of state assets.We will press ahead with the reform of collectively-owned enterprises and develop various forms of collective and cooperative economic operations.We will promote equitable market access, improve the financing environment and remove institutional barriers in order to promote development of individually-owned businesses and private companies as well as small and medium-sized enterprises.We will develop the economic sector of mixed ownership based on the modern system of property rights.We will accelerate the formation of a modern market system that is unified and open and that allows orderly competition, develop markets for factors of production, improve the pricing mechanism for factors of production and resources to reflect changes in market supply and demand, resource scarcities and environmental costs, regulate and develop industry associations and market-based intermediaries, and improve the social credibility system.7.Deepen fiscal, taxation and financial restructuring and improve macroeconomic regulation.We will improve the public finance system as we work to ensure equal access to basic public services and establish development priority zones.We need to deepen reform of the

budget system, tighten budgetary management and oversight, improve the system whereby both the central and local governments have financial resources proportionate to their duties and responsibilities, accelerate the establishment of a unified, standardized and transparent system for transfer payments, enlarge the size and proportion of general transfer payments, and increase input in public services.We will improve fiscal systems at and below the provincial level to enhance the capacity of county and township governments to provide public services.We will adopt fiscal and taxation systems conducive to scientific development and set up sound compensation systems for use of resources and for damage to the ecological environment.We will proceed with financial reforms to develop various types of financial markets and build a modern financial system that is inclusive of different forms of ownership and different ways of operation and that features a reasonable structure, complete functions, efficiency and security.We will make our banking, securities and insurance industries more competitive.We will improve the structure of the capital market and raise the proportion of direct financing through multiple channels.We will strengthen financial supervision and control, and forestall and defuse financial risks.We will improve the RMB exchange rate regime and gradually make the RMB convertible under capital accounts.We will deepen reform of the investment system and improve and strictly enforce market access rules.We will improve the state planning system.We will give play to the guiding role of national development plans, programs and industrial policies in macroeconomic regulation and combine the use of fiscal and monetary policies to improve macroeconomic regulation.8.Expand opening up in scope and depth and improve our open economy.Adhering to the basic state policy of opening up, we will better integrate our “bring in” and “go global” strategies, expand the areas of opening up, optimize its structure, raise its quality, and turn our open economy into one in which domestic development and opening to the outside world interact and Chinese businesses and their foreign counterparts engage in win-win cooperation, and one that features security and efficiency, in order to gain new advantages for China in international economic cooperation and competition amid economic

globalization.We will deepen the opening up of coastal areas, accelerate that of inland areas and upgrade that of border areas, so that opening up at home and opening to the outside world will promote each other.We will expedite transformation of the growth mode of foreign trade, stress quality, adjust the mix of imports and exports, promote transformation and upgrading of processing trade, and energetically develop service trade.We will make innovations in the way of using foreign capital, improve the structure of foreign investment utilized, and let the use of foreign capital play a positive role in facilitating independent innovation, industrial upgrading and balanced development among regions.We will make innovations in our way of overseas investment and cooperation, support domestic enterprises in carrying out international operations of R&D, production and marketing, and accelerate the growth of Chinese multinational corporations and Chinese brand names in the world market.We will vigorously carry out mutually beneficial international cooperation in energy and resources.We will implement a strategy of free trade zones and expand bilateral and multilateral trade and economic cooperation.We will adopt comprehensive measures to maintain a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments.We must guard against international economic risks.By ensuring sound and rapid growth of the economy, we will further enhance China’s economic strength, and enable our socialist market economy to exhibit its great vitality.VI.Unswervingly Developing Socialist Democracy

People’s democracy is the lifeblood of socialism.The Party has been consistently pursuing the goal of developing socialist democracy.Since China began its reform and opening up, we have made vigorous yet steady efforts to promote political restructuring, and socialist democracy has demonstrated greater vitality in the country.As an important part of the overall reform, political restructuring must be constantly deepened along with economic and social development to adapt to the growing enthusiasm of the people for participation in political affairs.We must keep to the path of political development under socialism with Chinese

characteristics, and integrate the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and the rule of law.We must uphold and improve the system of people’s congresses, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of self-governance at the primary level of society.All this will promote continuous self-improvement and development of the socialist political system.In deepening political restructuring, we must keep to the correct political orientation.On the basis of ensuring the people’s position as masters of the country, we will expand socialist democracy, build a socialist country under the rule of law and develop socialist political civilization to enhance the vitality of the Party and the state and arouse the initiative of the people.We must uphold the Party’s role as the core of leadership in directing the overall situation and coordinating the efforts of all quarters, and improve its capacity for scientific, democratic and law-based governance to ensure that the Party leads the people in effectively governing the country.We must ensure that all power of the state belongs to the people, expand the citizens’ orderly participation in political affairs at each level and in every field, and mobilize and organize the people as extensively as possible to manage state and social affairs as well as economic and cultural programs in accordance with the law.We must uphold the rule of law as a fundamental principle and adopt the socialist concept of law-based governance to ensure that all work of the state is based on the law and that the legitimate rights and interests of citizens are safeguarded.We must maintain the features and advantages of the socialist political system and define institutions, standards and procedures for socialist democracy to provide political and legal guarantees of lasting stability for the Party and the country.1.Expand people’s democracy and ensure that they are masters of the country.The essence and core of socialist democracy are that the people are masters of the country.We need to improve institutions for democracy, diversify its forms and expand its channels, and we need to carry out democratic election, decision-making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law to guarantee the people’s rights

to be informed, to participate, to be heard, and to oversee.We must support people’s congresses in performing their functions pursuant to law and effectively turn the Party’s propositions into the will of the state through legal procedures.We must ensure that deputies to people’s congresses exercise their functions and powers in accordance with the law and maintain close ties with the general public.We propose that both urban and rural areas gradually adopt the same ratio of deputies to the represented population in elections of deputies to people’s congresses.We must strengthen the institutions of standing committees of people’s congresses and improve their membership composition in terms of intellectual background and age.We will support the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)in performing its functions centered on the two major themes of unity and democracy and improve the system of political consultation, democratic oversight, and participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs.We will incorporate political consultation in decision-making procedures, improve democratic oversight and ensure that the CPPCC participates in the deliberation and administration of state affairs more effectively.The CPPCC is encouraged to improve itself and play its important role in coordinating relations, pooling strengths, making proposals and serving the overall interests of the country.We must ensure equality among all ethnic groups and guarantee the right of ethnic autonomous areas to exercise autonomy pursuant to law.To ensure scientific and democratic decision-making, we will improve the information and intellectual support for it, increase its transparency and expand public participation in it.In principle, public hearings must be held for the formulation of laws, regulations and policies that bear closely on the interests of the public.We need to step up education about citizenship and establish socialist concepts of democracy, the rule of law, freedom, equality, equity and justice.We support trade unions, the Communist Youth League, women’s federations and other people’s organizations in functioning in accordance with the law and their respective charters, participating in social management and public services and helping protect the people’s legitimate rights and interests.2.Develop primary-level democracy and ensure that the people enjoy democratic rights in a more extensive and practical way.The most effective and extensive way for the people to be masters of the country is that they directly exercise their democratic rights in accordance with the law to manage public affairs and public service programs at the primary level, practice self-management, self-service, self-education and self-oversight, and exercise democratic oversight over cadres.Such practices must be emphasized and promoted as the groundwork for developing socialist democracy.We need to improve the dynamic mechanism of people’s self-governance at the primary level under the leadership of primary Party organizations, expand the scope of self-governance, and improve the institution for democratic management, with a view to turning urban and rural neighborhoods into communities of social life that are well managed, supported by complete services, and filled with civility and harmony.We must rely wholeheartedly on the working class, improve the democratic management system in enterprises and public institutions with workers’ conferences as its basic form and increase transparency in factory affairs to support workers’ participation in management and to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.We need to deepen institutional reforms at the town and township level to strengthen government authorities there and improve the systems for transparency in government and village affairs to bring about effective connection and beneficial interaction between government administration and primary-level self-governance.We also encourage social organizations to help expand the participation by the public and report on their petitions to improve the self-governance capability of society.3.Comprehensively implement the rule of law as a fundamental principle and speed up the building of a socialist country under the rule of law.The rule of law constitutes the essential requirement of socialist democracy.We must persist in scientific and democratic legislation to improve the socialist law system with Chinese characteristics.We will strengthen the enforcement of the Constitution and laws, ensure that all citizens are equal before the law, and safeguard social equity and justice and the consistency, sanctity and authority of the socialist legal system.We need to carry out government administration in accordance with the law.We need to deepen the reform of the judiciary system, optimize the distribution of judicial functions and powers, standardize judicial practices, and build a fair, efficient and authoritative socialist judiciary system to ensure that courts and procuratorates exercise their respective powers independently and impartially in accordance with the law.We need to improve the overall quality of judicial, procuratorial and public security personnel to ensure that law enforcement is strict, impartial and civilized.We need to step up the education campaign to increase public awareness of law, and promote the spirit of the rule of law, creating a social environment in which people study, abide by and apply laws of their own accord.We must respect and safeguard human rights, and ensure the equal right to participation and development for all members of society in accordance with the law.Party organizations at all levels and all Party members must act under the Constitution and laws on their own initiative and take the lead in upholding the authority of the Constitution and laws.4.Expand the patriotic united front and unite with all forces that can be united.Promoting harmony in relations between political parties, between ethnic groups, between religions, between social strata, and between our compatriots at home and overseas plays an irreplaceable role in enhancing unity and pooling strengths.Acting on the principle of long-term coexistence, mutual oversight, sincerity, and sharing of both good and bad times, we will strengthen our cooperation with the democratic parties, support them and personages without party affiliation in better performing their functions of participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs and democratic oversight, and select and recommend a greater number of outstanding non-CPC persons for leading positions.Keeping in mind the objective of all ethnic groups working together for common prosperity and development, we must guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of ethnic minorities, and strengthen and develop socialist ethnic relations based on equality, solidarity, mutual assistance and harmony.We will fully implement the Party’s basic principle for its work related to religious affairs and bring into play the positive role of religious personages and believers in promoting economic and social development.We encourage members of emerging social

strata to take an active part in building socialism with Chinese characteristics.We will conscientiously follow the Party’s policy on overseas Chinese affairs and support overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese and their relatives in caring about and participating in the modernization drive and the great cause of peaceful reunification of the motherland.5.Accelerate the reform of the administrative system and build a service-oriented government.The administrative reform is an important part of the efforts to deepen China’s overall reform.We must lose no time in working out a master plan for it, with the focus on changing functions, straightening out relations, optimizing the setup and raising efficiency, and bring about a system which matches powers with responsibilities, divides work in a rational way, fosters scientific decision-making, and ensures smooth enforcement and effective oversight.We need to improve the government responsibility system and the public service system, promote e-government and strengthen social management and public services.We will accelerate the separation of the functions of the government from those of enterprises, state assets management authorities, public institutions and market-based intermediaries, standardize administrative practices, strengthen administrative law-enforcement agencies, reduce the number of matters requiring administrative examination and approval and standardize such procedures, and reduce government intervention in microeconomic operations.We will standardize the relationship between local departments directly under central government organs and local governments.We will step up our efforts to streamline government organs, explore ways to establish greater departments with integrated functions, and improve the mechanism of coordination and collaboration between government departments.We will downsize and standardize various organs for deliberation and coordination and their working offices, cut down levels of administration, minimize its costs, and address the problems of overlapping organizations and functions and conflicting policies from different departments.We will give overall consideration to the setup of Party committees and governments as well as that of people’s congresses and CPPCC committees, reduce the number of their leading positions and strictly control their

staffing.We will step up the restructuring of different categories of public institutions.6.Improve the mechanism of restraint and oversight and ensure that power entrusted by the people is always exercised in their interests.Power must be exercised in the sunshine to ensure that it is exercised correctly.We must have institutions to govern power, work and personnel, and establish a sound structure of power and a mechanism for its operation in which decision-making, enforcement and oversight powers check each other and function in coordination.We will improve organic laws and rules of procedure to ensure that state organs exercise their powers and perform their functions and responsibilities within their statutory jurisdiction and in accordance with legal procedures.We will improve the open administrative system in various areas and increase transparency in government work, thus enhancing the people’s trust in the government.We will focus on tightening oversight over leading cadres and especially principal ones, over the management and use of human, financial and material resources, and over key positions.We will improve the systems of inquiries, accountability, economic responsibility auditing, resignation and recall.We will implement the intra-Party oversight regulations, strengthen democratic oversight and give scope to the oversight role of public opinion, pooling forces of oversight from all sides to make it more effective.Democracy will keep developing along with the progress of socialism.In the historical course of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, Chinese Communists and the Chinese people will surely advance socialist democracy that is full of vitality.VII.Promoting Vigorous Development and Prosperity of Socialist Culture

In the present era, culture has become a more and more important source of national cohesion and creativity and a factor of growing significance in the competition in overall national strength, and the Chinese people have an increasingly ardent desire for a richer cultural life.We must keep to the orientation of advanced socialist culture, bring about a new upsurge in socialist cultural development, stimulate the

cultural creativity of the whole nation, and enhance culture as part of the soft power of our country to better guarantee the people’s basic cultural rights and interests, enrich the cultural life in Chinese society and inspire the enthusiasm of the people for progress.1.Build up the system of socialist core values and make socialist ideology more attractive and cohesive.The system of socialist core values represents the essence of socialist ideology.We must consolidate the guiding position of Marxism, persistently arm the whole Party with and educate the people in the latest achievements in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, rally the people with our common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, inspire the people with patriotism-centered national spirit and with the spirit of the times centering on reform and innovation, guide social ethos with the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace, and solidify the common ideological basis of the joint endeavor of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups.We will make every effort to carry out theoretical innovation and give Marxism of contemporary China distinct characters of practice, of the Chinese nation and of the times.We will publicize the theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and take Marxism of contemporary China to the general public.We will carry on the Project to Study and Develop Marxist Theory to provide in-depth answers to major theoretical and practical questions and to bring up a group of Marxist theoreticians, especially young and middle-aged ones.We will incorporate the socialist core values into all stages of national education and the entire process of cultural and ethical progress to make them the targets pursued by the people of their own accord.We will explore effective ways of letting the system of socialist core values guide trends of thought and take the initiative in ideological work, respecting divergence and allowing diversity while effectively resisting the influence of erroneous and decadent ideas.We will develop philosophy and social sciences, promoting innovation in academic disciplines, academic viewpoints and research methods.We encourage people working in these fields to serve as a think tank for the cause of the Party and the people, and we will introduce related outstanding achievements and distinguished scholars to the world arena.2.Foster a culture of harmony and cultivate civilized practices.A culture of harmony provides important intellectual support for the unity and progress of all our people.We must step up the development of the press, publishing, radio, film, television, literature and art, give correct guidance to the public and foster healthy social trends.We must balance cultural development between urban and rural areas and among different regions, focusing on enriching the cultural life in rural and remote areas and of rural migrant workers in cities.We will strengthen efforts to develop and manage Internet culture and foster a good cyber environment.We will promote patriotism, collectivism and socialist ideology.With the emphasis on enhancing people’s awareness of integrity, we will promote social ethics, professional codes of conduct, family virtues and individual morality, let paragons of virtue serve as role models for society, and guide people in conscientiously carrying out legal obligations and social and family responsibilities.We will strengthen and improve our ideological and political work, paying attention to compassionate care and psychological counseling and correctly handling interpersonal relations.We will mobilize all sectors of society in doing a good job of ideological and moral education among young people and create a favorable environment for their healthy development.We will carry out intensive activities to promote cultural and ethical progress among the public, improve the system of voluntary public services, and encourage practices such as upholding gender equality, respecting the elderly, caring for the young, showing concern for and helping each other and coming to the rescue of others even at risk to oneself.We will promote the scientific spirit and spread scientific knowledge.We will launch extensive public fitness programs and ensure the success of the 2008 Olympic Games and the Paralympics in Beijing and the 2010 World Exposition in Shanghai.3.Promote Chinese culture and build the common spiritual home for the Chinese nation.Chinese culture has been an unfailing driving force for the Chinese nation to keep its unity and make progress from generation to generation.We must have a comprehensive understanding of traditional Chinese culture, keep its essence and discard its dross to enable it to fit in with present-day society, stay in harmony with modern

civilization, keep its national character and reflect changes of the times.We will further publicize the fine traditions of Chinese culture and use modern means of science and technology to exploit the rich resources of our national culture.We will explore and better protect the cultures of all ethnic groups, attach great importance to the protection of cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage and do a good job collating ancient books and records.We will also strengthen international cultural exchanges to draw on the fine achievements of foreign cultures and enhance the influence of Chinese culture worldwide.4.Stimulate cultural innovation and enhance the vitality of cultural development.The only way to invigorate culture is to promote innovation in its content and form, its structure and mechanism, and its means of dissemination from the high starting point of our times and release and develop its productive forces.We must keep to the orientation of serving the people and socialism, uphold the principle of letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend, and maintain close contact with reality, life and the public.We must always give top priority to social benefits and try to ensure both good economic returns and social benefits.We must create more excellent, popular works that reflect the people’s principal position in the country and their real life.We must deepen cultural restructuring and improve the policies for supporting nonprofit cultural programs, developing the cultural industry and encouraging cultural innovation, so as to create favorable conditions for producing fine works, outstanding personnel and good results.We must continue to develop nonprofit cultural programs as the main approach to ensuring the basic cultural rights and interests of the people, increase spending on such programs, and build more cultural facilities in urban communities and rural areas.We must vigorously develop the cultural industry, launch major projects to lead the industry as a whole, speed up development of cultural industry bases and clusters of cultural industries with regional features, nurture key enterprises and strategic investors, create a thriving cultural market and enhance the industry’s international competitiveness.We will use new and high technology to create new ways of producing cultural works, foster new forms of operation in the cultural industry and accelerate the

establishment of a dissemination system featuring fast communication and wide coverage.We will establish a national system of honors for outstanding cultural workers.The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will definitely be accompanied by the thriving of Chinese culture.We will give full scope to the principal position of the people in cultural development, arouse the enthusiasm of cultural workers, promote vigorous development and prosperity of culture more conscientiously and actively, and create cultural works in the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics, so that the people will share in the benefits of cultural development.VIII.Accelerating Social Development with the Focus

on Improving People’s Livelihood

Social development is closely related to the people’s well-being.More importance must therefore be attached to social development on the basis of economic growth to ensure and improve people’s livelihood, carry out social restructuring, expand public services, improve social management and promote social equity and justice.We must do our best to ensure that all our people enjoy their rights to education, employment, medical and old-age care, and housing, so as to build a harmonious society.1.Give priority to education and turn China into a country rich in human resources.Education is the cornerstone of national rejuvenation, and equal access to education provides an important underpinning for social equity.We must implement the Party’s educational policy to the letter, focus on educating students with top priority given to cultivating their moral integrity, improve their overall quality, modernize the educational system, and train socialist builders and successors who have all-round attainments in moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic education.All this is designed to run education to the satisfaction of the people.We will optimize the educational structure, promote balanced development of compulsory education, move faster toward universal access to senior secondary education, vigorously develop vocational education, and improve the quality of higher education.We will also attach

importance to pre-school education and care about special education.We will update our views on education and deepen reform in curricula, modes of instruction, the systems of examination and enrollment, and the system for evaluating educational quality.We will ease the study load of primary and secondary school students and improve their overall quality.We will continue to run education on a nonprofit basis, increase government spending on education, regulate the collection of education-related fees, support the development of education in poverty-stricken and ethnic autonomous areas, improve the system of financial aid to students, and ensure that children from poor families and of rural migrant workers in cities enjoy equal access to compulsory education as other children.We will build up the ranks of teachers, with the emphasis on improving the quality of teachers in rural areas.We will encourage and regulate educational programs run by nongovernmental sectors.Distance learning and continuing education will be promoted to make ours a society in which every citizen is committed to learning and pursues lifelong learning.2.Implement a development strategy that promotes job creation and encourage entrepreneurship to create more employment opportunities.Employment is vital to people’s livelihood.We will continue to follow a proactive employment policy, strengthen government guidance, improve the market mechanism for employment, create more jobs and improve the employment structure.We will improve policies to encourage people to start businesses or find jobs on their own and promote a healthy attitude toward employment so that more people in the labor force will launch their own businesses.We will improve vocational education and training for the labor force and intensify pre-employment training for surplus labor transferred from rural areas.We will establish a unified, standardized labor market and a mechanism that ensures equal employment opportunities for both urban and rural residents.We will improve employment assistance to the needy and make it a priority to help zero-employment families to have job opportunities.We will do our best to help college graduates find jobs.We will regulate and coordinate labor relations, improve and implement government policies concerning rural migrant workers in cities, and protect the rights and interests of every worker in accordance with the law.3.Deepen reform of the income distribution system and increase the income of urban and rural residents.Equitable income distribution is an important indication of social equity.We will adhere to and improve the system whereby distribution according to work remains the predominant mode and coexists with various other modes.We will improve the distribution system to allow factors of production such as labor, capital, technology and managerial expertise to have a rightful share according to their respective contribution.A proper balance will be struck between efficiency and equity in both primary distribution and redistribution, with particular emphasis on equity in redistribution.We will gradually increase the share of personal income in the distribution of national income, and raise that of work remuneration in primary distribution.Vigorous efforts will be made to raise the income of low-income groups, gradually increase poverty-alleviation aid and the minimum wage, and set up a mechanism of regular pay increases for enterprise employees and a mechanism for guaranteeing payment of their salaries.Conditions will be created to enable more citizens to have property income.We will protect lawful incomes, regulate excessively high incomes and ban illegal gains.We will increase transfer payments, intensify the regulation of incomes through taxation, break business monopolies, create equal opportunities, and overhaul income distribution practices with a view to gradually reversing the growing income disparity.4.Accelerate the establishment of a social security system covering both urban and rural residents and guarantee their basic living conditions.Social security is an important guarantee of social stability.We will step up the building of a sound social security system that is based on social insurance, assistance and welfare, with basic old-age pension, basic medical care and subsistence allowances as its backbone, and supplemented by charity and commercial insurance.We will promote reform of basic old-age insurance systems in enterprises, Party and government organs and public institutions and explore ways to set up an old-age insurance system in rural areas.We will promote the development of basic medical insurance systems for urban workers and residents and a new type of cooperative medical care system in rural areas.We will improve the system of subsistence allowances for both urban and rural

residents and gradually increase such allowances.We will improve the systems of unemployment, workers’ compensation and maternity insurances.We will upgrade management of social security funds to higher-level authorities and work out unified methods for transferring social security accounts nationwide.We will provide more social security funds through various means and strengthen their oversight and management to maintain and increase their value.We will improve social assistance.We will do a good job providing special assistance to families of martyrs and servicemen and helping demobilized military personnel return to civilian life.We will promote programs for the disabled in a humanitarian spirit.We will develop more programs for the elderly.We will intensify our efforts in disaster prevention and reduction.We will improve the low-rent housing system and speed up resolution of the housing difficulties of low-income families in urban areas.5.Establish a basic medical and health care system and improve the health of the whole nation.Health provides the foundation for people’s all-round development and has a direct bearing on the happiness of each family.We must maintain the public welfare nature of public medical and health care services, always put disease prevention first, center on rural areas and attach equal importance to traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.We will separate government administration from medical institutions, management from operation, medical care from pharmaceuticals, and for-profit from nonprofit operations.We will increase government responsibilities and spending, improve the national health policy, and encourage greater participation of nongovernmental sectors so as to develop systems of public health services, medical services, medical security and medicine supply to provide both urban and rural residents with safe, effective, convenient and affordable medical and health services.We will improve the system to prevent and control the outbreak of major diseases and enhance our capacity to respond to public health emergencies.We will improve the three-tier rural health care network spanning the county, township and village and the urban community-based health care system, and deepen reform of public hospitals.We will set up a national system for basic pharmaceuticals to ensure their supply.We will support the development of traditional Chinese medicine

and the folk medicines of ethnic minorities.We will work harder to improve the professional ethics and style of work of health workers and the quality of medical services.We must ensure food and drug safety.We will adhere to the basic state policy of family planning, keep the birthrate low and make the newborns healthier.We will launch patriotic sanitation campaigns and develop health care programs for women and children.6.Improve social management and safeguard social stability and unity.Social stability is the common aspiration of the people and an important prerequisite for reform and development.We need to improve the structure of social management comprising Party committee leadership, government responsibility, nongovernmental support and public participation, and improve the system of social management at the primary level.We will stimulate the creativity of society to the greatest extent, maximize factors conducive to harmony and minimize those detrimental to it.We will properly handle contradictions among the people, improve the system for handling complaints in the form of letters and visits from the public, and strengthen the mechanism for safeguarding the rights and interests of the people in which the Party and the government play the leading role.We will attach importance to the development and management of social organizations.We will improve services for and management of the floating population.We must ensure safe development by strengthening management and oversight of work safety and taking effective measures to prevent serious or exceptionally serious accidents.We will improve the mechanism of emergency management.We will improve the crime prevention and control system, maintain law and order through comprehensive measures, launch intensive campaigns to ensure public security, reform and step up community policing in both urban and rural areas, and prevent and crack down on crime in accordance with the law to protect people’s lives and property.We will improve the strategy and mechanism for national security, and keep high vigilance against and resolutely forestall separatist, infiltrative and subversive activities in various forms to safeguard national security.It requires joint efforts of the whole society to build a harmonious society.We must therefore rely firmly on the people and

mobilize all positive factors to create a lively situation in which everyone is duty-bound to work for and benefits from social harmony.IX.Opening Up New Prospects for Modernization of

National Defense and the Armed Forces

To strengthen national defense and the armed forces occupies an important place in the overall arrangements for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Bearing in mind the overall strategic interests of national security and development, we must take both economic and national defense development into consideration and make our country prosperous and our armed forces powerful while building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.For the armed forces to fully carry out the historical missions assigned by the Party and the people at this new stage in the new century, we must always follow the guidance of Mao Zedong’s military thinking, Deng Xiaoping’s thinking on building the armed forces in the new period and Jiang Zemin’s thinking on building national defense and the armed forces, and take the Scientific Outlook on Development as an important guiding principle for strengthening national defense and the armed forces.We must implement the military strategy for the new period, accelerate the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics, ensure military preparedness, and enhance the military’s capability to respond to various security threats and accomplish diverse military tasks.We are determined to safeguard China’s sovereignty, security and territorial integrity and help maintain world peace.To make the armed forces more revolutionary, modernized and standardized is an integrated endeavor, and balanced progress must be made in all the three aspects.We must always adhere to the fundamental principle of the Party exercising absolute leadership over the armed forces and the fundamental purpose of the armed forces serving the people.We will educate the military in its historical missions, ideals, beliefs, combat-ready spirit and the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace, and ensure that it carries forward its fine traditions of following the Party’s orders, serving the people and fighting valiantly and skillfully.We must build strong armed forces through science and technology.To attain the strategic objective of building computerized armed forces and winning IT-based warfare, we will accelerate composite development of mechanization and computerization, carry out military training under IT-based conditions, modernize every aspect of logistics, intensify our efforts to train a new type of high-caliber military personnel in large numbers and change the mode of generating combat capabilities.We must run the armed forces in accordance with the law, enforce strict discipline, improve relevant laws and regulations and strengthen scientific management.In keeping with the new trends in world military affairs and the new requirements of China’s development, we must promote innovation in military theory, technology, organization and management.We will adjust and reform the structure, staffing, policies and institutions of the armed forces to gradually develop a complete set of scientific modes of organization, institutions and ways of operation with Chinese characteristics and in conformity with the laws governing the development of modern armed forces.We will adjust and reform the systems of defense-related science, technology and industry and of weapons and equipment procurement, and enhance our capacity for independent innovation in R&D of weapons and equipment with better quality and cost-effectiveness.We will establish sound systems of weapons and equipment research and manufacturing, military personnel training and logistics that integrate military with civilian purposes and combine military efforts with civilian support, build the armed forces through diligence and thrift, and blaze a path of development with Chinese characteristics featuring military and civilian integration.We will enrich and develop military sciences by carefully studying the features and laws of building and running the armed forces and the strategies and tactics for people’s war under the new historical conditions.We will raise the people’s awareness of national defense, strengthen national defense mobilization by improving the mobilization system, and enhance the quality of the reserves and the militia.We will strengthen the People’s Armed Police so that it can better fulfill its duties of safeguarding national security and social stability and

ensuring that the people live and work in peace.We must ensure that the government and the people support the military and give preferential treatment to the families of servicemen and martyrs, and that the military supports the government and cherishes the people.We will energetically encourage the military and the people to work together to promote cultural and ethical progress, and consolidate the solidarity between the military and the government and between the military and the people.Party organizations and governments at all levels and the general public will, as always, support efforts to strengthen national defense and the armed forces, and the military will continue to contribute to economic and social development.X.Carrying Forward the Practice of “One Country, Two Systems” and Advancing the Great Cause of Peaceful National Reunification

Since the return of Hong Kong and Macao to the motherland, more and more experience has been gained in putting into practice the principle of “one country, two systems.” The principle is perfectly correct and full of vigor.To realize China’s peaceful reunification on this principle accords with the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.A major task the Party faces in running the country in the new circumstances is to ensure long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao.We will unswervingly implement the principle of “one country, two systems,” under which Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong and Macao people administer Macao with a high degree of autonomy, and act in strict accordance with the basic laws of the two special administrative regions.We will render full support to the governments of the two regions in their administration in accordance with the law and in their efforts to promote economic growth, improve people’s lives and advance democracy.We encourage people from all walks of life in Hong Kong and Macao to work with one accord to promote social amity under the banner of love for the motherland and devotion to their respective regions.We will increase exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and the two regions so that they can draw on each other’s strengths and develop side by side.We will actively support the two regions in their external exchanges and firmly

oppose attempts by any external force to interfere in their affairs.Our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao, without doubt, have the wisdom and ability to successfully administer and develop their regions.Both regions have played and will continue to play an important role in China’s modernization drive, and the great motherland will always provide them with strong backing for their prosperity and stability.To resolve the Taiwan question and achieve complete national reunification is a common aspiration of all sons and daughters of the Chinese nation.We will uphold the principle of “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems” and the eight-point proposal for developing the relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits and advancing the process of peaceful national reunification in the present stage.We will never waver in our commitment to the one-China principle, never abandon our efforts to achieve peaceful reunification, never change the policy of placing our hopes on the people in Taiwan and never compromise in our opposition to the secessionist activities aimed at “Taiwan independence.” With a firm grasp of the theme of peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, we will sincerely work for the well-being of our compatriots on both sides of the Straits and for peace in the Taiwan Straits region, and safeguard China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity and the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.Upholding the one-China principle constitutes the political basis for peaceful development of cross-Straits relations.Although the mainland and Taiwan are yet to be reunified, the fact that they belong to one and the same China has never changed.China is the common homeland for the compatriots on both sides of the Straits, who have every reason to join hands to safeguard and develop this homeland.We are ready to conduct exchanges, dialogue, consultations and negotiations with any political party in Taiwan on any issue as long as it recognizes that both sides of the Straits belong to one and the same China.Here we would like to make a solemn appeal: On the basis of the one-China principle, let us discuss a formal end to the state of hostility between the two sides, reach a peace agreement, construct a framework for peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, and thus usher in a new phase of peaceful development.The 1.3 billion people on the mainland and the 23 million people in Taiwan are of the same blood and share a common destiny.We will make every effort to achieve anything that serves the interests of our Taiwan compatriots, contributes to the maintenance of peace in the Taiwan Straits region, and facilitates peaceful national reunification.We understand, trust and care about our compatriots in Taiwan, and we will, therefore, continue to implement and enrich the policies and measures that benefit them, protect their legitimate rights and interests in accordance with the law, and support economic development on the west shore of the Straits in Fujian Province and in other areas where Taiwan investment is concentrated.The compatriots on both sides of the Straits need to increase contacts, strengthen economic and cultural exchanges in more areas and at higher levels and push for the resumption of direct links of mail, transport and trade, so that they will develop greater empathy and closer cooperation and work together for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.At present, the forces for “Taiwan independence” are stepping up their secessionist activities, seriously jeopardizing the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations.The compatriots on both sides need to work together to oppose and contain such activities.China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity brook no division, and any matter in this regard must be decided by the entire Chinese people including our Taiwan compatriots.We are willing to make every effort with the utmost sincerity to achieve peaceful reunification of the two sides, and will never allow anyone to separate Taiwan from the motherland in any name or by any means.The two sides of the Straits are bound to be reunified in the course of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.With close solidarity and concerted efforts of all Chinese people at home and overseas, the complete reunification of the motherland will surely be achieved.XI.Unswervingly Following the Path of Peaceful Development

The world today is undergoing tremendous changes and adjustments.Peace and development remain the main themes of the present era, and

pursuit of peace, development and cooperation has become an irresistible trend of the times.The progress toward a multipolar world is irreversible, economic globalization is developing in depth, and the scientific and technological revolution is gathering momentum.Global and regional cooperation is in full swing, and countries are increasingly interdependent.The international balance of power is changing in favor of the maintenance of world peace, and the overall international situation is stable.At the same time, the world remains far from tranquil.Hegemonism and power politics still exist, local conflicts and hotspot issues keep emerging, imbalances in the world economy are worsening, the North-South gap is widening, and traditional and nontraditional threats to security are intertwined.All this poses difficulties and challenges to world peace and development.Sharing opportunities for development and rising to challenges together so as to further the noble cause of peace and development of humanity bear on the fundamental interests of the people of all countries and meet their common aspirations.We maintain that the people of all countries should join hands and strive to build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity.To this end, all countries should uphold the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter, observe international law and universally recognized norms of international relations, and promote democracy, harmony, collaboration and win-win solutions in international relations.Politically, all countries should respect each other and conduct consultations on an equal footing in a common endeavor to promote democracy in international relations.Economically, they should cooperate with each other, draw on each other’s strengths and work together to advance economic globalization in the direction of balanced development, shared benefits and win-win progress.Culturally, they should learn from each other in the spirit of seeking common ground while shelving differences, respect the diversity of the world, and make joint efforts to advance human civilization.In the area of security, they should trust each other, strengthen cooperation, settle international disputes by peaceful means rather than by war, and work together to safeguard peace and stability in the world.On environmental

issues, they should assist and cooperate with each other in conservation efforts to take good care of the Earth, the only home of human beings.Historic changes have occurred in the relations between contemporary China and the rest of the world, resulting in ever closer interconnection between China’s future and destiny and those of the world.Whatever changes take place in the international situation, the Chinese government and people will always hold high the banner of peace, development and cooperation, pursue an independent foreign policy of peace, safeguard China’s interests in terms of sovereignty, security and development, and uphold its foreign policy purposes of maintaining world peace and promoting common development.China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development.This is a strategic choice the Chinese government and people have made in light of the development trend of the times and their own fundamental interests.The Chinese nation is a peace-loving people, and China is always a staunch force safeguarding world peace.We are committed to combining the interests of the Chinese people with the common interests of the people of other countries, and always stand for fairness and justice.We maintain that all countries, big and small, strong and weak, rich and poor, are equal.We respect the right of the people of all countries to independently choose their own development path.We will never interfere in the internal affairs of other countries or impose our own will on them.China works for peaceful settlement of international disputes and hotspot issues, promotes international and regional security cooperation, and opposes terrorism in any form.China follows a national defense policy that is defensive in nature, and it does not engage in arms race or pose a military threat to any other country.China opposes all forms of hegemonism and power politics and will never seek hegemony or engage in expansion.China will unswervingly follow a win-win strategy of opening up.We will continue to contribute to regional and global development through our own development, and expand the areas where our interests meet with those of various sides.While securing our own development, we will accommodate the legitimate concerns of other countries, especially other developing countries.We will increase market access in accordance with

internationally recognized economic and trade rules, and protect the rights and interests of our partners in accordance with the law.We support international efforts to help developing countries enhance their capacity for independent development and improve the lives of their people, so as to narrow the North-South gap.We support efforts to improve international trade and financial systems, advance the liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment, and properly resolve economic and trade frictions through consultation and collaboration.China will never seek benefits for itself at the expense of other countries or shift its troubles onto others.China is committed to developing friendship and cooperation with all other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.For developed countries, we will continue to strengthen strategic dialogue, enhance mutual trust, deepen cooperation and properly manage differences to promote long-term, stable and sound development of bilateral relations.For our neighboring countries, we will continue to follow the foreign policy of friendship and partnership, strengthen good-neighborly relations and practical cooperation with them, and energetically engage in regional cooperation in order to jointly create a peaceful, stable regional environment featuring equality, mutual trust and win-win cooperation.For other developing countries, we will continue to increase solidarity and cooperation with them, cement traditional friendship, expand practical cooperation, provide assistance to them within our ability, and uphold the legitimate demands and common interests of developing countries.We will continue to take an active part in multilateral affairs, assume our due international obligations, play a constructive role, and work to make the international order fairer and more equitable.We will also continue to conduct exchanges and cooperation with the political parties and organizations of other countries, and strengthen the external exchanges of people’s congresses, CPPCC committees, the armed forces, localities and people’s organizations to enhance mutual understanding and friendship between the Chinese people and the people of other countries.China cannot develop in isolation from the rest of the world, nor can the world enjoy prosperity and stability without China.The Chinese

第二篇：胡錦濤在黨的十七大上的報告及解讀

高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟 為奪取全面建設(shè)小康社會新勝利而奮斗

━━在中國共產(chǎn)黨第十七次全國代表大會上的報告

（2007年10月15日）

胡錦濤

【目錄】

一、過去五年的工作

二、改革開放的偉大歷史進程

三、深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀

四、實現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會奮斗目標(biāo)的新要求

五、促進國民經(jīng)濟又好又快發(fā)展

六、堅定不移發(fā)展社會主義民主政治

七、推動社會主義文化大發(fā)展大繁榮

八、加快推進以改善民生為重點的社會建設(shè)

九、開創(chuàng)國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)新局面

十、推進“一國兩制”實踐和祖國和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)

十一、始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路

十二、以改革創(chuàng)新精神全面推進黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程

同志們：

現(xiàn)在，我代表第十六屆中央委員會向大會作報告。中國共產(chǎn)黨第十七次全國代表大會，是在我國改革發(fā)展關(guān)鍵階段召開的一次十分重要的大會。大會的主題是：高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，繼續(xù)解放思想，堅持改革開放，推動科學(xué)發(fā)展，促進社會和諧，為奪取全面建設(shè)小康社會新勝利而奮斗。

中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，是當(dāng)代中國發(fā)展進步的旗幟，是全黨全國各族人民團結(jié)奮斗的旗幟。解放思想是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的一大法寶，改革開放是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的強大動力，科學(xué)發(fā)展、社會和諧是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的基本要求，全面建設(shè)小康社會是黨和國家到2020年的奮斗目標(biāo)，是全國各族人民的根本利益所在。

當(dāng)今世界正在發(fā)生廣泛而深刻的變化，當(dāng)代中國正在發(fā)生廣泛而深刻的變革。機遇前所未有，挑戰(zhàn)也前所未有，機遇大于挑戰(zhàn)。全黨必須堅定不移地高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗臶，帶領(lǐng)人民從新的歷史起點出發(fā)，抓住和用好重要戰(zhàn)略機遇期，求真務(wù)實，銳意進取，繼續(xù)全面建設(shè)小康社會、加快推進社會主義現(xiàn)代化，完成時代賦予的崇高使命。

一、過去五年的工作

十六大以來的五年是不平凡的五年。面對復(fù)雜多變的國 際環(huán)境和艱巨繁重的改革發(fā)展任務(wù)，黨帶領(lǐng)全國各族人民，高舉鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想偉大旗臶，戰(zhàn)勝各種困難和風(fēng)險，開創(chuàng)了中國特色社會主義事業(yè)新局面，開拓了馬克思主義中國化新境界。

十六大確立“三個代表”重要思想的指導(dǎo)地位，作出全面建設(shè)小康社會的戰(zhàn)略決策。為貫徹十六大精神，中央召開七次全會，分別就深化機構(gòu)改革、完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制、加強黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)、制定“十一五”規(guī)劃、構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會等關(guān)系全局的重大問題作出決定和部署，提出并貫徹科學(xué)發(fā)展觀等重大戰(zhàn)略思想，推動黨和國家工作取得新的重大成就。

經(jīng)濟實力大幅提升。經(jīng)濟保持平穩(wěn)快速發(fā)展，國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長百分之十以上，經(jīng)濟效益明顯提高，財政收入連年顯著增加，物價基本穩(wěn)定。社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)扎實推進，區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性增強。創(chuàng)新型國家建設(shè)進展良好，自主創(chuàng)新能力較大提高。能源、交通、通信等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和重點工程建設(shè)成效顯著。載人航天飛行成功實現(xiàn)。能源資源節(jié)約和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護取得新進展?！笆濉庇媱潉倮瓿桑笆晃濉币?guī)劃進展順利。

改革開放取得重大突破。農(nóng)村綜合改革逐步深化，農(nóng)業(yè)稅、牧業(yè)稅、特產(chǎn)稅全部取消，支農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策不斷加強。國有資產(chǎn)管理體制、國有企業(yè)和金融、財稅、投資、價格、科 技等領(lǐng)域改革取得重大進展。非公有制經(jīng)濟進一步發(fā)展。市場體系不斷健全，宏觀調(diào)控繼續(xù)改善，政府職能加快轉(zhuǎn)變。進出口總額大幅增加，實施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略邁出堅實步伐，開放型經(jīng)濟進入新階段。

人民生活顯著改善。城鄉(xiāng)居民收入較大增加，家庭財產(chǎn)普遍增多。城鄉(xiāng)居民最低生活保障制度初步建立，貧困人口基本生活得到保障。居民消費結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化，衣食住行用水平不斷提高，享有的公共服務(wù)明顯增強。

民主法制建設(shè)取得新進步。政治體制改革穩(wěn)步推進。人民代表大會制度、中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度、民族區(qū)域自治制度不斷完善，基層民主活力增強。人權(quán)事業(yè)健康發(fā)展。愛國統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線發(fā)展壯大。中國特色社會主義法律體系基本形成，依法治國基本方略切實貫徹。行政管理體制、司法體制改革不斷深化。

文化建設(shè)開創(chuàng)新局面。社會主義核心價值體系建設(shè)扎實推進，馬克思主義理論研究和建設(shè)工程成效明顯。思想道德建設(shè)廣泛開展，全社會文明程度進一步提高。文化體制改革取得重要進展，文化事業(yè)和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展，人民精神文化生活更加豐富。全民健身和競技體育取得新成績。

社會建設(shè)全面展開。各級各類教育迅速發(fā)展，農(nóng)村免費義務(wù)教育全面實現(xiàn)。就業(yè)規(guī)模日益擴大。社會保障體系建設(shè)進一步加強?？箵舴堑淙〉弥卮髣倮?，公共衛(wèi)生體系和基本 醫(yī)療服務(wù)不斷健全，人民健康水平不斷提高。社會管理逐步完善，社會大局穩(wěn)定，人民安居樂業(yè)。

國防和軍隊建設(shè)取得歷史性成就。中國特色軍事變革加速推進，裁減軍隊員額二十萬任務(wù)順利完成，軍隊革命化、現(xiàn)代化、正規(guī)化建設(shè)全面加強，履行新世紀(jì)新階段歷史使命能力顯著提高。

港澳工作和對臺工作進一步加強。香港、澳門保持繁榮穩(wěn)定，與內(nèi)地經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系更加緊密。兩岸政黨交流成功開啟，人員往來和經(jīng)濟文化交流達(dá)到新水平。制定反分裂國家法，堅決維護國家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整。

全方位外交取得重大進展。堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策，各項外交工作積極開展，同各國的交流合作廣泛加強，在國際事務(wù)中發(fā)揮重要建設(shè)性作用，為全面建設(shè)小康社會爭取了良好國際環(huán)境。

黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程扎實推進。黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)和先進性建設(shè)深入進行。理論創(chuàng)新和理論武裝卓有成效。保持共產(chǎn)黨員先進性教育活動取得重大成果。黨內(nèi)民主不斷擴大。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子和干部隊伍建設(shè)特別是干部教育培訓(xùn)取得重要進展，人才工作進一步加強，干部人事制度改革和組織制度創(chuàng)新不斷深入。黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗斗爭成效明顯。

在看到成績的同時，也要清醒認(rèn)識到，我們的工作與人民的期待還有不小差距，前進中還面臨不少困難和問題，突 出的是：經(jīng)濟增長的資源環(huán)境代價過大；城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域、經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展仍然不平衡；農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收難度加大；勞動就業(yè)、社會保障、收入分配、教育衛(wèi)生、居民住房、安全生產(chǎn)、司法和社會治安等方面關(guān)系群眾切身利益的問題仍然較多，部分低收入群眾生活比較困難；思想道德建設(shè)有待加強；黨的執(zhí)政能力同新形勢新任務(wù)不完全適應(yīng)，對改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定一些重大實際問題的調(diào)查研究不夠深入；一些基層黨組織軟弱渙散；少數(shù)黨員干部作風(fēng)不正，形式主義、官僚主義問題比較突出，奢侈浪費、消極腐敗現(xiàn)象仍然比較嚴(yán)重。我們要高度重視這些問題，繼續(xù)認(rèn)真加以解決。

總起來說，這五年，是改革開放和全面建設(shè)小康社會取得重大進展的五年，是我國綜合國力大幅提升和人民得到更多實惠的五年，是我國國際地位和影響顯著提高的五年，是黨的創(chuàng)造力、凝聚力、戰(zhàn)斗力明顯增強和全黨全國各族人民團結(jié)更加緊密的五年。實踐充分證明，十六大和十六大以來中央作出的各項重大決策是完全正確的。

五年來的成就，是全黨全國各族人民共同奮斗的結(jié)果。我代表中共中央，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界愛國人士，向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞和臺灣同胞以及廣大僑胞，向一切關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國朋友，表示衷心的感謝！

二、改革開放的偉大歷史進程 我們即將迎來改革開放三十周年。一九七八年，我們黨召開具有重大歷史意義的十一屆三中全會，開啟了改革開放歷史新時期。從那時以來，中國共產(chǎn)黨人和中國人民以一往無前的進取精神和波瀾壯闊的創(chuàng)新實踐，譜寫了中華民族自強不息、頑強奮進新的壯麗史詩，中國人民的面貌、社會主義中國的面貌、中國共產(chǎn)黨的面貌發(fā)生了歷史性變化。

改革開放是黨在新的時代條件下帶領(lǐng)人民進行的新的偉大革命，①目的就是要解放和發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力，實現(xiàn)國家現(xiàn)代化，讓中國人民富裕起來，振興偉大的中華民族；②就是要推動我國社會主義制度自我完善和發(fā)展，賦予社會主義新的生機活力，建設(shè)和發(fā)展中國特色社會主義；③就是要在引領(lǐng)當(dāng)代中國發(fā)展進步中加強和改進黨的建設(shè)，保持和發(fā)展黨的先進性，確保黨始終走在時代前列（這三個目的，即發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、鞏固和完善社會主義制度、加強和改進黨的建設(shè)，揭示了改革開放的歷史地位和偉大貢獻）。

我們要永遠(yuǎn)銘記，改革開放偉大事業(yè)，是在以毛澤東同志為核心的黨的第一代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體創(chuàng)立毛澤東思想，帶領(lǐng)全黨全國各族人民建立新中國、取得社會主義革命和建設(shè)偉大成就以及艱辛探索社會主義建設(shè)規(guī)律取得寶貴經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上進行的。新民主主義革命的勝利，社會主義基本制度的建立，為當(dāng)代中國一切發(fā)展進步奠定了根本政治前提和制度基礎(chǔ)（以毛澤東同志為核心的第一代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體，為我們黨 開啟改革開放歷史新時期奠定了根本政治前提和制度基礎(chǔ)）。

我們要永遠(yuǎn)銘記，改革開放偉大事業(yè)，是以鄧小平同志為核心的黨的第二代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體帶領(lǐng)全黨全國各族人民開創(chuàng)的。面對十年“文化大革命”造成的危難局面，黨的第二代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體堅持解放思想、實事求是，以巨大的政治勇氣和理論勇氣，科學(xué)評價毛澤東同志和毛澤東思想（不科學(xué)評價毛澤東同志和毛澤東思想，就無法作出改革開放科學(xué)決策），徹底否定“以階級斗爭為綱”的錯誤理論和實踐，作出把黨和國家工作中心轉(zhuǎn)移到經(jīng)濟建設(shè)上來、實行改革開放的歷史性決策，確立社會主義初級階段基本路線，吹響走自己的路、建設(shè)中國特色社會主義的時代號角，創(chuàng)立鄧小平理論，指引全黨全國各族人民在改革開放的偉大征程上闊步前進。

我們要永遠(yuǎn)銘記，改革開放偉大事業(yè)，是以江澤民同志為核心的黨的第三代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體帶領(lǐng)全黨全國各族人民繼承、發(fā)展并成功推向二十一世紀(jì)的。從十三屆四中全會到十六大，受命于重大歷史關(guān)頭的黨的第三代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體，高舉鄧小平理論偉大旗臶，堅持改革開放、與時俱進，在國內(nèi)外政治**、經(jīng)濟風(fēng)險等嚴(yán)峻考驗面前，依靠黨和人民，捍衛(wèi)中國特色社會主義，創(chuàng)建社會主義市場經(jīng)濟新體制，開創(chuàng)全面開放新局面，推進黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程，創(chuàng)立“三個代表”重要思想，繼續(xù)引領(lǐng)改革開放的航船沿著正確方向破浪前進。十六大以來，我們以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，順應(yīng)國內(nèi)外形勢發(fā)展變化，抓住重要戰(zhàn)略機遇期，發(fā)揚求真務(wù)實、開拓進取精神，堅持理論創(chuàng)新和實踐創(chuàng)新，著力推動科學(xué)發(fā)展、促進社會和諧，完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制，在全面建設(shè)小康社會實踐中堅定不移地把改革開放偉大事業(yè)繼續(xù)推向前進。

新時期最鮮明的特點是改革開放。從農(nóng)村到城市、從經(jīng)濟領(lǐng)域到其他各個領(lǐng)域（這是改革的順序），全面改革的進程勢不可當(dāng)?shù)卣归_了；從沿海到沿江沿邊，從東部到中西部（這是開放的順序），對外開放的大門毅然決然地打開了。這場歷史上從未有過的大改革大開放，極大地調(diào)動了億萬人民的積極性，使我國成功實現(xiàn)了從高度集中的計劃經(jīng)濟體制到充滿活力的社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制、從封閉半封閉到全方位開放的偉大歷史轉(zhuǎn)折。今天，一個面向現(xiàn)代化、面向世界、面向未來的社會主義中國巍然屹立在世界東方。

新時期最顯著的成就是快速發(fā)展。我們黨實施現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)“三步走”戰(zhàn)略，帶領(lǐng)人民艱苦奮斗，推動我國以世界上少有的速度持續(xù)快速發(fā)展起來。我國經(jīng)濟從一度瀕于崩潰的邊緣發(fā)展到總量躍至世界第四、進出口總額位居世界第三，人民生活從溫飽不足發(fā)展到總體小康，農(nóng)村貧困人口從兩億五千多萬減少到兩千多萬，政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)取得舉世矚目的成就。中國的發(fā)展，不僅使中國人民穩(wěn)定地 走上了富裕安康的廣闊道路，而且為世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和人類文明進步作出了重大貢獻。

新時期最突出的標(biāo)志是與時俱進。我們黨堅持馬克思主義的思想路線，不斷探索和回答什么是社會主義、怎樣建設(shè)社會主義（鄧小平理論），建設(shè)什么樣的黨、怎樣建設(shè)黨（“三個代表”重要思想），實現(xiàn)什么樣的發(fā)展、怎樣發(fā)展（科學(xué)發(fā)展觀）等重大理論和實際問題，不斷推進馬克思主義中國化，堅持并豐富黨的基本理論（中國特色社會主義理論）、基本路線（一個中心、兩個基本點）、基本綱領(lǐng)（黨在社會主義初級階段建設(shè)有中國特色社會主義市場經(jīng)濟、民主政治、先進文化、和諧社會的基本目標(biāo)和基本政策）、基本經(jīng)驗（改革開放30年來的“十個結(jié)合”）。社會主義和馬克思主義在中國大地上煥發(fā)出勃勃生機，給人民帶來更多福祉，使中華民族大踏步趕上時代前進潮流、迎來偉大復(fù)興的光明前景。

事實雄辯地證明，改革開放是決定當(dāng)代中國命運的關(guān)鍵抉擇，是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義、實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的必由之路；只有社會主義才能救中國，只有改革開放才能發(fā)展中國、發(fā)展社會主義、發(fā)展馬克思主義。

改革開放作為一場新的偉大革命，不可能一帆風(fēng)順，也不可能一蹴而就。最根本的是，改革開放符合黨心民心、順應(yīng)時代潮流，方向和道路是完全正確的，成效和功績不容否定，停頓和倒退沒有出路。在改革開放的歷史進程中，我們黨把堅持馬克思主義基本原理同推進馬克思主義中國化結(jié)合起來，把堅持四項基本原則同堅持改革開放結(jié)合起來，把尊重人民首創(chuàng)精神同加強和改善黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)結(jié)合起來，把堅持社會主義基本制度同發(fā)展市場經(jīng)濟結(jié)合起來，把推動經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)變革同推動上層建筑改革結(jié)合起來，把發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力同提高全民族文明素質(zhì)結(jié)合起來，把提高效率同促進社會公平結(jié)合起來，把堅持獨立自主同參與經(jīng)濟全球化結(jié)合起來，把促進改革發(fā)展同保持社會穩(wěn)定結(jié)合起來，把推進中國特色社會主義偉大事業(yè)同推進黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程結(jié)合起來（這“十個結(jié)合”是改革開放的基本經(jīng)驗），取得了我們這樣一個十幾億人口的發(fā)展中大國擺脫貧困、加快實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化、鞏固和發(fā)展社會主義的寶貴經(jīng)驗。

改革開放以來我們?nèi)〉靡磺谐煽兒瓦M步的根本原因，歸結(jié)起來就是：開辟了中國特色社會主義道路，形成了中國特色社會主義理論體系。高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗臶，最根本的就是要堅持這條道路和這個理論體系。

中國特色社會主義道路，就是在中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，立足基本國情，以經(jīng)濟建設(shè)為中心，堅持四項基本原則，堅持改革開放，解放和發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力，鞏固和完善社會主義制度，建設(shè)社會主義市場經(jīng)濟、社會主義民主政治、社會主義先進文化、社會主義和諧社會，建設(shè)富強民主文明和諧的社 會主義現(xiàn)代化國家。中國特色社會主義道路之所以完全正確、之所以能夠引領(lǐng)中國發(fā)展進步，關(guān)鍵在于我們既堅持了科學(xué)社會主義的基本原則，又根據(jù)我國實際和時代特征賦予其鮮明的中國特色。在當(dāng)代中國，堅持中國特色社會主義道路，就是真正堅持社會主義。

中國特色社會主義理論體系，就是包括鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想以及科學(xué)發(fā)展觀等重大戰(zhàn)略思想在內(nèi)的科學(xué)理論體系。這個理論體系，堅持和發(fā)展了馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想，凝結(jié)了幾代中國共產(chǎn)黨人帶領(lǐng)人民不懈探索實踐的智慧和心血，是馬克思主義中國化最新成果，是黨最可寶貴的政治和精神財富，是全國各族人民團結(jié)奮斗的共同思想基礎(chǔ)。中國特色社會主義理論體系是不斷發(fā)展的開放的理論體系?！豆伯a(chǎn)黨宣言》發(fā)表以來近一百六十年的實踐證明，馬克思主義只有與本國國情相結(jié)合、與時代發(fā)展同進步、與人民群眾共命運，才能煥發(fā)出強大的生命力、創(chuàng)造力、感召力。在當(dāng)代中國，堅持中國特色社會主義理論體系，就是真正堅持馬克思主義。

實踐永無止境，創(chuàng)新永無止境。全黨同志要倍加珍惜、長期堅持和不斷發(fā)展黨歷經(jīng)艱辛開創(chuàng)的中國特色社會主義道路和中國特色社會主義理論體系，堅持解放思想、實事求是、與時俱進，勇于變革、勇于創(chuàng)新，永不僵化、永不停滯，不為任何風(fēng)險所懼，不被任何干擾所惑，使中國特色社會主義 道路越走越寬廣，讓當(dāng)代中國馬克思主義放射出更加燦爛的真理光芒。

三、深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀

在新的發(fā)展階段繼續(xù)全面建設(shè)小康社會、發(fā)展中國特色社會主義（兩者順序不能顛倒。全面建設(shè)小康社會是中國特色社會主義發(fā)展進程中的一個階段性目標(biāo)），必須堅持以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀。

科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，①是對黨的三代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體關(guān)于發(fā)展的重要思想的繼承和發(fā)展，是馬克思主義關(guān)于發(fā)展的世界觀和方法論的集中體現(xiàn)，②是同馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想既一脈相承又與時俱進的科學(xué)理論，③是我國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的重要指導(dǎo)方針，是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義必須堅持和貫徹（注：還不是長期堅持的）的重大戰(zhàn)略思想。（標(biāo)識之一說明科學(xué)發(fā)展觀是用來指導(dǎo)發(fā)展的，之二是闡明科學(xué)發(fā)展觀是馬克思主義中國化的最新成果，之三闡明了科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的重大作用）

科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，是立足社會主義初級階段基本國情，總結(jié)我國發(fā)展實踐，借鑒國外發(fā)展經(jīng)驗，適應(yīng)新的發(fā)展要求提出來的。進入新世紀(jì)新階段，我國發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)一系列新的階段性特征，主要是：經(jīng)濟實力顯著增強，同時生產(chǎn)力水平總體上還不高，自主創(chuàng)新能力還不強，長期形成的結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾和粗 放型增長方式尚未根本改變；社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制初步建立，同時影響發(fā)展的體制機制障礙依然存在，改革攻堅面臨深層次矛盾和問題；人民生活總體上達(dá)到小康水平，同時收入分配差距拉大趨勢還未根本扭轉(zhuǎn)，城鄉(xiāng)貧困人口和低收入人口還有相當(dāng)數(shù)量，統(tǒng)籌兼顧各方面利益難度加大；協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展取得顯著成績，同時農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)薄弱、農(nóng)村發(fā)展滯后的局面尚未改變，縮小城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域發(fā)展差距和促進經(jīng)濟社會協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展任務(wù)艱巨；社會主義民主政治不斷發(fā)展、依法治國基本方略扎實貫徹，同時民主法制建設(shè)與擴大人民民主和經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的要求還不完全適應(yīng)，政治體制改革需要繼續(xù)深化；社會主義文化更加繁榮，同時人民精神文化需求日趨旺盛，人們思想活動的獨立性、選擇性、多變性、差異性明顯增強，對發(fā)展社會主義先進文化提出了更高要求；社會活力顯著增強，同時社會結(jié)構(gòu)、社會組織形式、社會利益格局發(fā)生深刻變化，社會建設(shè)和管理面臨諸多新課題；對外開放日益擴大，同時面臨的國際競爭日趨激烈，發(fā)達(dá)國家在經(jīng)濟科技上占優(yōu)勢的壓力長期存在，可以預(yù)見和難以預(yù)見的風(fēng)險增多，統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)發(fā)展和對外開放要求更高。（總結(jié)這八個方面階段性特征歸結(jié)起來就是，發(fā)展水平還比較低，還不夠平衡、協(xié)調(diào)，發(fā)展的可持續(xù)性不強，“五個統(tǒng)籌”任務(wù)艱巨）

這些情況表明，經(jīng)過新中國成立以來特別是改革開放以來的不懈努力，我國取得了舉世矚目的發(fā)展成就，從生產(chǎn)力 到生產(chǎn)關(guān)系、從經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)到上層建筑都發(fā)生了意義深遠(yuǎn)的重大變化，但我國仍處于并將長期處于社會主義初級階段的基本國情沒有變，人民日益增長的物質(zhì)文化需要同落后的社會生產(chǎn)之間的矛盾這一社會主要矛盾沒有變。當(dāng)前我國發(fā)展的階段性特征，是社會主義初級階段基本國情在新世紀(jì)新階段的具體表現(xiàn)。強調(diào)認(rèn)清社會主義初級階段基本國情，不是要妄自菲薄、自甘落后，也不是要脫離實際、急于求成，而是要堅持把它作為推進改革、謀劃發(fā)展的根本依據(jù)。我們必須始終保持清醒頭腦，立足社會主義初級階段這個最大的實際，科學(xué)分析我國全面參與經(jīng)濟全球化的新機遇新挑戰(zhàn)，全面認(rèn)識工業(yè)化、信息化、城鎮(zhèn)化、市場化、國際化深入發(fā)展的新形勢新任務(wù)，深刻把握我國發(fā)展面臨的新課題新矛盾（注意：這“五化”的順序本身的因果關(guān)系，不能顛倒。同時新增加的信息化內(nèi)容，既是黨對發(fā)展形勢的新把握，也是對發(fā)展任務(wù)的新要求），更加自覺地走科學(xué)發(fā)展道路，奮力開拓中國特色社會主義更為廣闊的發(fā)展前景。

科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，第一要義是發(fā)展，核心是以人為本，基本要求是全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)，根本方法是統(tǒng)籌兼顧（新的總結(jié)。過去的提法是前三項）。

——必須堅持把發(fā)展作為黨執(zhí)政興國的第一要務(wù)。發(fā)展，對于全面建設(shè)小康社會、加快推進社會主義現(xiàn)代化，具有決定性意義。要牢牢扭住經(jīng)濟建設(shè)這個中心，堅持聚精會神搞 建設(shè)、一心一意謀發(fā)展，不斷解放和發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力。更好實施科教興國戰(zhàn)略、人才強國戰(zhàn)略、可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，著力把握發(fā)展規(guī)律、創(chuàng)新發(fā)展理念、轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式、破解發(fā)展難題，提高發(fā)展質(zhì)量和效益（這就是又好又快發(fā)展的核心內(nèi)容。過去的提法是“轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展觀念，創(chuàng)新發(fā)展模式，提高發(fā)展質(zhì)量”），實現(xiàn)又好又快發(fā)展，為發(fā)展中國特色社會主義打下堅實基礎(chǔ)。努力實現(xiàn)以人為本、全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)的科學(xué)發(fā)展，實現(xiàn)各方面事業(yè)有機統(tǒng)一、社會成員團結(jié)和睦的和諧發(fā)展，實現(xiàn)既通過維護世界和平發(fā)展自己、又通過自身發(fā)展維護世界和平的和平發(fā)展。

——必須堅持以人為本。全心全意為人民服務(wù)是黨的根本宗旨，黨的一切奮斗和工作都是為了造福人民。要始終把實現(xiàn)好、維護好、發(fā)展好最廣大人民的根本利益作為黨和國家一切工作的出發(fā)點和落腳點，尊重人民主體地位，發(fā)揮人民首創(chuàng)精神，保障人民各項權(quán)益，走共同富裕道路，促進人的全面發(fā)展，做到發(fā)展為了人民、發(fā)展依靠人民、發(fā)展成果由人民共享。

——必須堅持全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。要按照中國特色社會主義事業(yè)總體布局，全面推進經(jīng)濟建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)，促進現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)各個環(huán)節(jié)、各個方面相協(xié)調(diào)，促進生產(chǎn)關(guān)系與生產(chǎn)力、上層建筑與經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)相協(xié)調(diào)。堅持生產(chǎn)發(fā)展、生活富裕、生態(tài)良好的文明發(fā)展道路，建設(shè) 資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會，實現(xiàn)速度和結(jié)構(gòu)質(zhì)量效益相統(tǒng)一、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與人口資源環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)，使人民在良好生態(tài)環(huán)境中生產(chǎn)生活，實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟社會永續(xù)發(fā)展。（這部分講的是如何實現(xiàn)科學(xué)發(fā)展）

——必須堅持統(tǒng)籌兼顧。要正確認(rèn)識和妥善處理中國特色社會主義事業(yè)中的重大關(guān)系，統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展、區(qū)域發(fā)展、經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展、人與自然和諧發(fā)展、國內(nèi)發(fā)展和對外開放，統(tǒng)籌中央和地方關(guān)系，統(tǒng)籌個人利益和集體利益、局部利益和整體利益、當(dāng)前利益和長遠(yuǎn)利益，充分調(diào)動各方面積極性。（上述三個統(tǒng)籌講的是如何實現(xiàn)和諧發(fā)展）統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)國際兩個大局，樹立世界眼光，加強戰(zhàn)略思維，善于從國際形勢發(fā)展變化中把握發(fā)展機遇、應(yīng)對風(fēng)險挑戰(zhàn)，營造良好國際環(huán)境（這個統(tǒng)籌講的是如何實現(xiàn)和平發(fā)展）。既要總攬全局、統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃，又要抓住牽動全局的主要工作、事關(guān)群眾利益的突出問題，著力推進、重點突破。（注意這四個統(tǒng)籌與原來的“五個統(tǒng)籌”的區(qū)別）

深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，要求我們始終堅持“一個中心、兩個基本點”的基本路線。黨的基本路線是黨和國家的生命線，是實現(xiàn)科學(xué)發(fā)展的政治保證。以經(jīng)濟建設(shè)為中心是興國之要，是我們黨、我們國家興旺發(fā)達(dá)和長治久安的根本要求；四項基本原則是立國之本，是我們黨、我們國家生存發(fā)展的政治基石；改革開放是強國之路，是我們黨、我們國 家發(fā)展進步的活力源泉。要堅持把以經(jīng)濟建設(shè)為中心同四項基本原則、改革開放這兩個基本點統(tǒng)一于發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的偉大實踐，任何時候都決不能動搖。

深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，要求我們積極構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會。社會和諧是中國特色社會主義的本質(zhì)屬性。科學(xué)發(fā)展和社會和諧是內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一的。沒有科學(xué)發(fā)展就沒有社會和諧，沒有社會和諧也難以實現(xiàn)科學(xué)發(fā)展（科學(xué)發(fā)展與社會和諧的辯證關(guān)系）。構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會是貫穿中國特色社會主義事業(yè)全過程的長期歷史任務(wù)，是在發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上正確處理各種社會矛盾的歷史過程和社會結(jié)果（新提法）。要通過發(fā)展增加社會物質(zhì)財富、不斷改善人民生活，又要通過發(fā)展保障社會公平正義、不斷促進社會和諧。實現(xiàn)社會公平正義是中國共產(chǎn)黨人的一貫主張，是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的重大任務(wù)。要按照民主法治、公平正義、誠信友愛、充滿活力、安定有序、人與自然和諧相處的總要求和共同建設(shè)、共同享有的原則（這是十七大報告的新提法，中央構(gòu)建和諧社會的決定沒有得出這一原則），著力解決人民最關(guān)心、最直接、最現(xiàn)實的利益問題，努力形成全體人民各盡其能、各得其所而又和諧相處的局面，為發(fā)展提供良好社會環(huán)境。

深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，要求我們繼續(xù)深化改革開放。要把改革創(chuàng)新精神貫徹到治國理政各個環(huán)節(jié)，毫不動搖地堅持改革方向，提高改革決策的科學(xué)性，增強改革措施的協(xié)調(diào) 性。要完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制，推進各方面體制改革創(chuàng)新，加快重要領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革步伐，全面提高開放水平，著力構(gòu)建充滿活力、富有效率、更加開放、有利于科學(xué)發(fā)展的體制機制，為發(fā)展中國特色社會主義提供強大動力和體制保障。要堅持把改善人民生活作為正確處理改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定關(guān)系的結(jié)合點，使改革始終得到人民擁護和支持。

深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，要求我們切實加強和改進黨的建設(shè)。要站在完成黨執(zhí)政興國使命的高度，把提高黨的執(zhí)政能力、保持和發(fā)展黨的先進性，體現(xiàn)到領(lǐng)導(dǎo)科學(xué)發(fā)展、促進社會和諧上來，落實到引領(lǐng)中國發(fā)展進步、更好代表和實現(xiàn)最廣大人民的根本利益上來，使黨的工作和黨的建設(shè)更加符合科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的要求，為科學(xué)發(fā)展提供可靠的政治和組織保障。

全黨同志要全面把握科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的科學(xué)內(nèi)涵和精神實質(zhì)，增強貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的自覺性和堅定性，著力轉(zhuǎn)變不適應(yīng)不符合科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的思想觀念，著力解決影響和制約科學(xué)發(fā)展的突出問題，把全社會的發(fā)展積極性引導(dǎo)到科學(xué)發(fā)展上來，把科學(xué)發(fā)展觀貫徹落實到經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展各個方面。

四、實現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會奮斗目標(biāo)的新要求 我們已經(jīng)朝著十六大確立的全面建設(shè)小康社會的目標(biāo)邁出了堅實步伐，今后要繼續(xù)努力奮斗，確保到2020年實現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會的奮斗目標(biāo)。我們必須適應(yīng)國內(nèi)外形勢的新變化，順應(yīng)各族人民過上更好生活的新期待，把握經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展趨勢和規(guī)律，堅持中國特色社會主義經(jīng)濟建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)的基本目標(biāo)和基本政策構(gòu)成的基本綱領(lǐng)，在十六大確立的全面建設(shè)小康社會目標(biāo)的基礎(chǔ)上對我國發(fā)展提出新的更高要求。

——增強發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性，努力實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟又好又快發(fā)展。轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式取得重大進展，在優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)、提高效益、降低消耗、保護環(huán)境的基礎(chǔ)上，實現(xiàn)人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值到2020年比2000年翻兩番（2000年我國人均GDP為7858元,折合856美元；2006年為16084元,折合2010美元。按十七大的翻兩番目標(biāo)，應(yīng)是3500美元，今后至2020年的年均增長為5.4%；十六大報告確定的是超過3000美元。若至2020年的年均增長7.5%，到2020年我國經(jīng)濟總量將達(dá)58萬億元，約合7.2萬億美元[按2006年匯率計]。按2020年總?cè)丝?4.5億計算，人均約為5000美元。）。社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制更加完善。自主創(chuàng)新能力顯著提高，科技進步對經(jīng)濟增長的貢獻率大幅上升，進入創(chuàng)新型國家行列。居民消費率穩(wěn)步提高，形成消費、投資、出口協(xié)調(diào)拉動的增長格局。城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)互動發(fā)展機制和主體功能區(qū)布局基本形成。社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)取得重大進展。城鎮(zhèn)人口比重明顯增加。

——擴大社會主義民主，更好保障人民權(quán)益和社會公平正義。公民政治參與有序擴大。依法治國基本方略深入落實，全社會法制觀念進一步增強，法治政府建設(shè)取得新成效?；鶎用裰髦贫雀油晟?。政府提供基本公共服務(wù)能力顯著增強。

——加強文化建設(shè)，明顯提高全民族文明素質(zhì)。社會主義核心價值體系深入人心，良好思想道德風(fēng)尚進一步弘揚。覆蓋全社會的公共文化服務(wù)體系基本建立，文化產(chǎn)業(yè)占國民經(jīng)濟比重明顯提高、國際競爭力顯著增強，適應(yīng)人民需要的文化產(chǎn)品更加豐富。

——加快發(fā)展社會事業(yè)，全面改善人民生活?，F(xiàn)代國民教育體系更加完善，終身教育體系基本形成，全民受教育程度和創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)水平明顯提高。社會就業(yè)更加充分。覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的社會保障體系基本建立，人人享有基本生活保障。合理有序的收入分配格局基本形成，中等收入者占多數(shù)，絕對貧困現(xiàn)象基本消除。人人享有基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。社會管理體系更加健全。

——建設(shè)生態(tài)文明，基本形成節(jié)約能源資源和保護生態(tài)環(huán)境的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、增長方式、消費模式。循環(huán)經(jīng)濟形成較大規(guī)模，可再生能源比重顯著上升。主要污染物排放得到有效控制，生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量明顯改善。生態(tài)文明觀念在全社會牢固樹立。

到2020年全面建設(shè)小康社會目標(biāo)實現(xiàn)之時，我們這個歷史悠久的文明古國和發(fā)展中社會主義大國，將成為工業(yè)化基 本實現(xiàn)、綜合國力顯著增強、國內(nèi)市場總體規(guī)模位居世界前列的國家，成為人民富裕程度普遍提高、生活質(zhì)量明顯改善、生態(tài)環(huán)境良好的國家，成為人民享有更加充分民主權(quán)利、具有更高文明素質(zhì)和精神追求的國家，成為各方面制度更加完善、社會更加充滿活力而又安定團結(jié)的國家，成為對外更加開放、更加具有親和力、為人類文明作出更大貢獻的國家。

今后五年是全面建設(shè)小康社會的關(guān)鍵時期。我們要堅定信心，埋頭苦干，為全面建成惠及十幾億人口的更高水平的小康社會打下更加牢固的基礎(chǔ)。

五、促進國民經(jīng)濟又好又快發(fā)展

實現(xiàn)未來經(jīng)濟發(fā)展目標(biāo)，關(guān)鍵要在加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式、完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制方面取得重大進展。要大力推進經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整，更加注重提高自主創(chuàng)新能力、提高節(jié)能環(huán)保水平、提高經(jīng)濟整體素質(zhì)和國際競爭力（這“三個提高”便是對如何轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式的最好解釋，也是與增長方式的質(zhì)的區(qū)別）。要深化對社會主義市場經(jīng)濟規(guī)律的認(rèn)識，從制度上更好發(fā)揮市場在資源配臵中的基礎(chǔ)性作用，形成有利于科學(xué)發(fā)展的宏觀調(diào)控體系。

（一）提高自主創(chuàng)新能力，建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國家。這是國家發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的核心，是提高綜合國力的關(guān)鍵。要堅持走中國特色自主創(chuàng)新道路，把增強自主創(chuàng)新能力貫徹到現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)各個方面（這是總體要求，以下是具體內(nèi)容）。認(rèn)真落實國家中 長期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要，加大對自主創(chuàng)新投入，著力突破制約經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。加快建設(shè)國家創(chuàng)新體系，支持基礎(chǔ)研究、前沿技術(shù)研究、社會公益性技術(shù)研究。加快建立以企業(yè)為主體、市場為導(dǎo)向、產(chǎn)學(xué)研相結(jié)合的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體系，引導(dǎo)和支持創(chuàng)新要素向企業(yè)集聚，促進科技成果向現(xiàn)實生產(chǎn)力轉(zhuǎn)化。深化科技管理體制改革，優(yōu)化科技資源配臵，完善鼓勵技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和科技成果產(chǎn)業(yè)化的法制保障、政策體系、激勵機制、市場環(huán)境。實施知識產(chǎn)權(quán)戰(zhàn)略。充分利用國際科技資源。進一步營造鼓勵創(chuàng)新的環(huán)境，努力造就世界一流科學(xué)家和科技領(lǐng)軍人才，注重培養(yǎng)一線的創(chuàng)新人才，使全社會創(chuàng)新智慧競相迸發(fā)、各方面創(chuàng)新人才大量涌現(xiàn)。

（二）加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式，推動產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級。這是關(guān)系國民經(jīng)濟全局緊迫而重大的戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)。要堅持走中國特色新型工業(yè)化道路，堅持?jǐn)U大國內(nèi)需求特別是消費需求的方針，促進經(jīng)濟增長由主要依靠投資、出口拉動向依靠消費、投資、出口協(xié)調(diào)拉動轉(zhuǎn)變，由主要依靠第二產(chǎn)業(yè)帶動向依靠第一、第二、第三產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)同帶動轉(zhuǎn)變，由主要依靠增加物質(zhì)資源消耗向主要依靠科技進步、勞動者素質(zhì)提高、管理創(chuàng)新轉(zhuǎn)變（這是總體要求）。發(fā)展現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，大力推進信息化與工業(yè)化融合，促進工業(yè)由大變強，振興裝備制造業(yè)，淘汰落后生產(chǎn)能力；提升高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)，發(fā)展信息、生物、新材料、航空航天、海洋等產(chǎn)業(yè)；發(fā)展現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)，提高服 務(wù)業(yè)比重和水平；加強基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代能源產(chǎn)業(yè)和綜合運輸體系。確保產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和安全。鼓勵發(fā)展具有國際競爭力的大企業(yè)集團。

（三）統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展，推進社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)。解決好農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村、農(nóng)民問題，事關(guān)全面建設(shè)小康社會大局，必須始終作為全黨工作的重中之重（這是意義）。要加強農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位，走中國特色農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化道路，建立以工促農(nóng)、以城帶鄉(xiāng)長效機制，形成城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展一體化新格局（這是總體要求）。堅持把發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)、繁榮農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟作為首要任務(wù)，加強農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，健全農(nóng)村市場和農(nóng)業(yè)服務(wù)體系。加大支農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策力度，嚴(yán)格保護耕地，增加農(nóng)業(yè)投入，促進農(nóng)業(yè)科技進步，增強農(nóng)業(yè)綜合生產(chǎn)能力，確保國家糧食安全。加強動植物疫病防控，提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全水平。以促進農(nóng)民增收為核心，發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)，壯大縣域經(jīng)濟，多渠道轉(zhuǎn)移農(nóng)民就業(yè)。提高扶貧開發(fā)水平。深化農(nóng)村綜合改革，推進農(nóng)村金融體制改革和創(chuàng)新，改革集體林權(quán)制度。堅持農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營制度，穩(wěn)定和完善土地承包關(guān)系，按照依法自愿有償原則，健全土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)市場，有條件的地方可以發(fā)展多種形式的適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營。探索集體經(jīng)濟有效實現(xiàn)形式，發(fā)展農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作組織，支持農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營和龍頭企業(yè)發(fā)展。培育有文化、懂技術(shù)、會經(jīng)營的新型農(nóng)民，發(fā)揮億萬農(nóng)民建設(shè)新農(nóng)村的主體作用。

（四）加強能源資源節(jié)約和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護，增強可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力。堅持節(jié)約資源和保護環(huán)境的基本國策，關(guān)系人民群眾切身利益和中華民族生存發(fā)展。必須把建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會放在工業(yè)化、現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的突出位置，落實到每個單位、每個家庭。要完善有利于節(jié)約能源資源和保護生態(tài)環(huán)境的法律和政策，加快形成可持續(xù)發(fā)展體制機制。落實節(jié)能減排工作責(zé)任制。開發(fā)和推廣節(jié)約、替代、循環(huán)利用和治理污染的先進適用技術(shù)，發(fā)展清潔能源和可再生能源，保護土地和水資源，建設(shè)科學(xué)合理的能源資源利用體系，提高能源資源利用效率。發(fā)展環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)。加大節(jié)能環(huán)保投入，重點加強水、大氣、土壤等污染防治，改善城鄉(xiāng)人居環(huán)境。加強水利、林業(yè)、草原建設(shè)，加強荒漠化石漠化治理，促進生態(tài)修復(fù)。加強應(yīng)對氣候變化能力建設(shè)，為保護全球氣候作出新貢獻。

（五）推動區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，優(yōu)化國土開發(fā)格局。縮小區(qū)域發(fā)展差距，必須注重實現(xiàn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化，引導(dǎo)生產(chǎn)要素跨區(qū)域合理流動。要繼續(xù)實施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略，深入推進西部大開發(fā)，全面振興東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地，大力促進中部地區(qū)崛起，積極支持東部地區(qū)率先發(fā)展（這幾句話中前面的四個字，與十六大報告的敘述相比，語氣推進了不少，也顯示了幾年來這幾方面工作的的大進步）。加強國土規(guī)劃，按照形成主體功能區(qū)的要求，完善區(qū)域政策，調(diào)整經(jīng)濟布局。遵循市場經(jīng)濟規(guī)律，突破行政區(qū)劃界限，形成若干帶動力強、聯(lián)系緊密的經(jīng)濟圈和經(jīng)濟帶。重大項目布局要充分考慮支持中西部發(fā)展，鼓勵東部地區(qū)帶動和幫助中西部地區(qū)發(fā)展。加大對革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)、貧困地區(qū)發(fā)展扶持力度。幫助資源枯竭地區(qū)實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型。更好發(fā)揮經(jīng)濟特區(qū)、上海浦東新區(qū)、天津濱海新區(qū)在改革開放和自主創(chuàng)新中的重要作用。走中國特色城鎮(zhèn)化道路，按照統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)、布局合理、節(jié)約土地、功能完善、以大帶小的原則，促進大中小城市和小城鎮(zhèn)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。以增強綜合承載能力為重點，以特大城市為依托，形成輻射作用大的城市群，培育新的經(jīng)濟增長極。

（六）完善基本經(jīng)濟制度，健全現(xiàn)代市場體系。①堅持和完善公有制為主體、多種所有制經(jīng)濟共同發(fā)展的基本經(jīng)濟制度，毫不動搖地鞏固和發(fā)展公有制經(jīng)濟，毫不動搖地鼓勵、支持、引導(dǎo)非公有制經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，堅持平等保護物權(quán)，形成各種所有制經(jīng)濟平等競爭、相互促進新格局。②深化國有企業(yè)公司制股份制改革，健全現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度，優(yōu)化國有經(jīng)濟布局和結(jié)構(gòu)，增強國有經(jīng)濟活力、控制力、影響力。深化壟斷行業(yè)改革，引入競爭機制，加強政府監(jiān)管和社會監(jiān)督。加快建設(shè)國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算制度。完善各類國有資產(chǎn)管理體制和制度。推進集體企業(yè)改革，發(fā)展多種形式的集體經(jīng)濟、合作經(jīng)濟。③推進公平準(zhǔn)入，改善融資條件，破除體制障礙，促進個體、私營經(jīng)濟和中小企業(yè)發(fā)展。以現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)權(quán)制度為基礎(chǔ)，發(fā)展混合所有制經(jīng)濟。④加快形成統(tǒng)一開放競爭有序的現(xiàn)代市場體系，發(fā)展各類生產(chǎn)要素市場，完善反映市場供求關(guān)系、資源稀缺程度、環(huán)境損害成本的生產(chǎn)要素和資源價格形成機制，規(guī)范發(fā)展行業(yè)協(xié)會和市場中介組織，健全社會信用體系。

（七）深化財稅、金融等體制改革，完善宏觀調(diào)控體系。圍繞推進基本公共服務(wù)均等化和主體功能區(qū)建設(shè)，完善公共財政體系。深化預(yù)算制度改革，強化預(yù)算管理和監(jiān)督，健全中央和地方財力與事權(quán)相匹配的體制，加快形成統(tǒng)一規(guī)范透明的財政轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度，提高一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付規(guī)模和比例，加大公共服務(wù)領(lǐng)域投入。完善省以下財政體制，增強基層政府提供公共服務(wù)能力。實行有利于科學(xué)發(fā)展的財稅制度，建立健全資源有償使用制度和生態(tài)環(huán)境補償機制。推進金融體制改革，發(fā)展各類金融市場，形成多種所有制和多種經(jīng)營形式、結(jié)構(gòu)合理、功能完善、高效安全的現(xiàn)代金融體系。提高銀行業(yè)、證券業(yè)、保險業(yè)競爭力。優(yōu)化資本市場結(jié)構(gòu)，多渠道提高直接融資比重。加強和改進金融監(jiān)管，防范和化解金融風(fēng)險。完善人民幣匯率形成機制，逐步實現(xiàn)資本項目可兌換。深化投資體制改革，健全和嚴(yán)格市場準(zhǔn)入制度。完善國家規(guī)劃體系。發(fā)揮國家發(fā)展規(guī)劃、計劃、產(chǎn)業(yè)政策在宏觀調(diào)控中的導(dǎo)向作用，綜合運用財政、貨幣政策，提高宏觀調(diào)控水平。（改革的三大部分：財稅體制、金融體制和投資體制）

（八）拓展對外開放廣度和深度，提高開放型經(jīng)濟水平。堅持對外開放的基本國策，把“引進來”和“走出去”更好結(jié)合起來，擴大開放領(lǐng)域，優(yōu)化開放結(jié)構(gòu)，提高開放質(zhì)量，完善內(nèi)外聯(lián)動、互利共贏、安全高效的開放型經(jīng)濟體系，形成經(jīng)濟全球化條件下參與國際經(jīng)濟合作和競爭新優(yōu)勢。深化沿海開放，加快內(nèi)地開放，提升沿邊開放，實現(xiàn)對內(nèi)對外開放相互促進。加快轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)增長方式，立足以質(zhì)取勝，調(diào)整進出口結(jié)構(gòu)，促進加工貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型升級，大力發(fā)展服務(wù)貿(mào)易。創(chuàng)新利用外資方式，優(yōu)化利用外資結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)揮利用外資在推動自主創(chuàng)新、產(chǎn)業(yè)升級、區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展（注：這是十七大的新提法）等方面的積極作用。創(chuàng)新對外投資和合作方式，支持企業(yè)在研發(fā)、生產(chǎn)、銷售等方面開展國際化經(jīng)營，加快培育我國的跨國公司和國際知名品牌。積極開展國際能源資源互利合作。實施自由貿(mào)易區(qū)戰(zhàn)略，加強雙邊多邊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作。采取綜合措施促進國際收支基本平衡。注重防范國際經(jīng)濟風(fēng)險。

實現(xiàn)國民經(jīng)濟又好又快發(fā)展，必將進一步增強我國經(jīng)濟實力，彰顯社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的強大生機活力。

六、堅定不移發(fā)展社會主義民主政治

人民民主是社會主義的生命。發(fā)展社會主義民主政治是我們黨始終不渝的奮斗目標(biāo)。改革開放以來，我們積極穩(wěn)妥推進政治體制改革，我國社會主義民主政治展現(xiàn)出更加旺盛的生命力。政治體制改革作為我國全面改革的重要組成部分，必須隨著經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展而不斷深化，與人民政治參與積極性不斷提高相適應(yīng)。要堅持中國特色社會主義政治發(fā)展道路，堅持黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、人民當(dāng)家作主、依法治國有機統(tǒng)一，堅持和完善人民代表大會制度、中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度、民族區(qū)域自治制度以及基層群眾自治制度（這是黨的代表大會報告第一次把“基層群眾自治制度”納入我國根本政治制度內(nèi)容，以前是前三項。這說明，基層群眾自治制度決不會改變。這也體現(xiàn)了中國式的民主是集選舉民主、協(xié)商民主、自治民主于一體的民主），不斷推進社會主義政治制度自我完善和發(fā)展。

深化政治體制改革，必須堅持正確政治方向，以保證人民當(dāng)家作主為根本，以增強黨和國家活力、調(diào)動人民積極性為目標(biāo)，擴大社會主義民主，建設(shè)社會主義法治國家，發(fā)展社會主義政治文明。要堅持黨總攬全局、協(xié)調(diào)各方的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)核心作用，提高黨科學(xué)執(zhí)政、民主執(zhí)政、依法執(zhí)政水平，保證黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民有效治理國家；堅持國家一切權(quán)力屬于人民，從各個層次、各個領(lǐng)域擴大公民有序政治參與，最廣泛地動員和組織人民依法管理國家事務(wù)和社會事務(wù)、管理經(jīng)濟和文化事業(yè)；堅持依法治國基本方略，樹立社會主義法治理念，實現(xiàn)國家各項工作法治化，保障公民合法權(quán)益；堅持社會主義政治制度的特點和優(yōu)勢，推進社會主義民主政治制度化、規(guī)范化、程序化，為黨和國家長治久安提供政治和法律制度保 障。

（一）擴大人民民主，保證人民當(dāng)家作主。人民當(dāng)家作主是社會主義民主政治的本質(zhì)和核心。①要健全民主制度，豐富民主形式，拓寬民主渠道，依法實行民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監(jiān)督，保障人民的知情權(quán)、參與權(quán)、表達(dá)權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)。②支持人民代表大會依法履行職能，善于使黨的主張通過法定程序成為國家意志；保障人大代表依法行使職權(quán)，密切人大代表同人民的聯(lián)系，建議逐步實行城鄉(xiāng)按相同人口比例選舉人大代表；加強人大常委會制度建設(shè)，優(yōu)化組成人員知識結(jié)構(gòu)和年齡結(jié)構(gòu)。③支持人民政協(xié)圍繞團結(jié)和民主兩大主題履行職能，推進政治協(xié)商、民主監(jiān)督、參政議政制度建設(shè)；把政治協(xié)商納入決策程序，完善民主監(jiān)督機制，提高參政議政實效；加強政協(xié)自身建設(shè)，發(fā)揮協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系、匯聚力量、建言獻策、服務(wù)大局的重要作用（這是對政協(xié)自身工作的定位）。④堅持各民族一律平等，保證民族自治地方依法行使自治權(quán)。⑤推進決策科學(xué)化、民主化，完善決策信息和智力支持系統(tǒng)，增強決策透明度和公眾參與度，制定與群眾利益密切相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)和公共政策原則上要公開聽取意見。⑥加強公民意識教育，樹立社會主義民主法治、自由平等、公平正義理念（這是公民意識內(nèi)容）。⑦支持工會、共青團、婦聯(lián)等人民團體依照法律和各自章程開展工作，參與社會管理和公共服務(wù)，維護群眾合法權(quán)益（這是對工青婦工 作的新要求）。

（二）發(fā)展基層民主，保障人民享有更多更切實的民主權(quán)利。人民依法直接行使民主權(quán)利，管理基層公共事務(wù)和公益事業(yè)，實行自我管理、自我服務(wù)、自我教育、自我監(jiān)督，對干部實行民主監(jiān)督，是人民當(dāng)家作主最有效、最廣泛的途徑，必須作為發(fā)展社會主義民主政治的基礎(chǔ)性工程重點推進。要健全基層黨組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的充滿活力的基層群眾自治機制，擴大基層群眾自治范圍，完善民主管理制度，把城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)建設(shè)成為管理有序、服務(wù)完善、文明祥和的社會生活共同體。①全心全意依靠工人階級，完善以職工代表大會為基本形式的企事業(yè)單位民主管理制度，推進廠務(wù)公開，支持職工參與管理，維護職工合法權(quán)益。②深化鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)機構(gòu)改革，加強基層政權(quán)建設(shè)，完善政務(wù)公開、村務(wù)公開等制度，實現(xiàn)政府行政管理與基層群眾自治有效銜接和良性互動（鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府與村委會管理上的銜接問題。注意，鄉(xiāng)政府是行政命令式管理方式，村委會是村民自治管理方式）。③發(fā)揮社會組織在擴大群眾參與、反映群眾訴求方面的積極作用，增強社會自治功能（這是針對新階段大量存在的“社會人”的管理問題）。

（三）全面落實依法治國基本方略，加快建設(shè)社會主義法治國家。依法治國是社會主義民主政治的基本要求。要堅持科學(xué)立法、民主立法，完善中國特色社會主義法律體系（十六大報告提出到2010年形成中國特色社會主義法律體系。十

七大報告總結(jié)中說，“中國特色社會主義法律體系基本形成”，故這里用“完善”一詞）。加強憲法和法律實施，堅持公民在法律面前一律平等，維護社會公平正義，維護社會主義法制的統(tǒng)一、尊嚴(yán)、權(quán)威。推進依法行政。深化司法體制改革，優(yōu)化司法職權(quán)配臵，規(guī)范司法行為，建設(shè)公正高效權(quán)威的社會主義司法制度，保證審判機關(guān)、檢察機關(guān)依法獨立公正地行使審判權(quán)、檢察權(quán)。加強政法隊伍建設(shè)，做到嚴(yán)格、公正、文明執(zhí)法。深入開展法制宣傳教育，弘揚法治精神，形成自覺學(xué)法守法用法的社會氛圍。尊重和保障人權(quán)，依法保證全體社會成員平等參與、平等發(fā)展的權(quán)利（這一提法體現(xiàn)了“以人為本”精神，也揭示了我國人權(quán)工作發(fā)展的新要求，即“平等參與、平等發(fā)展”，過去指的是“生存權(quán)”）。各級黨組織和全體黨員要自覺在憲法和法律范圍內(nèi)活動，帶頭維護憲法和法律的權(quán)威。

（四）壯大愛國統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線，團結(jié)一切可以團結(jié)的力量（這一部分是新提法，表明了構(gòu)建和諧社會關(guān)系在中國特色社會主義中的重要性）。促進政黨關(guān)系、民族關(guān)系、宗教關(guān)系、階層關(guān)系（新提法）、海內(nèi)外同胞關(guān)系（“五大關(guān)系”）的和諧，對于增進團結(jié)、凝聚力量具有不可替代的作用。①要貫徹長期共存、互相監(jiān)督、肝膽相照、榮辱與共的方針，加強同民主黨派合作共事，支持民主黨派和無黨派人士更好履行參政議政、民主監(jiān)督職能，選拔和推薦更多優(yōu)秀黨外干部擔(dān)任領(lǐng)

導(dǎo)職務(wù)。②牢牢把握各民族共同團結(jié)奮斗、共同繁榮發(fā)展的主題，保障少數(shù)民族合法權(quán)益，鞏固和發(fā)展平等團結(jié)互助和諧（“和諧”一詞為新增）的社會主義民族關(guān)系。③全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，發(fā)揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展中的積極作用。④鼓勵新的社會階層人士積極投身中國特色社會主義建設(shè)。⑤認(rèn)真貫徹黨的僑務(wù)政策，支持海外僑胞、歸僑僑眷關(guān)心和參與祖國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)與和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)。

（五）加快行政管理體制改革，建設(shè)服務(wù)型政府（從職能、職責(zé)和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職數(shù)等方面予以規(guī)范）。行政管理體制改革是深化改革的重要環(huán)節(jié)。要抓緊制定行政管理體制改革總體方案，著力轉(zhuǎn)變職能、理順關(guān)系、優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)、提高效能，形成權(quán)責(zé)一致、分工合理、決策科學(xué)、執(zhí)行順暢、監(jiān)督有力的行政管理體制（十六大的提法是“行為規(guī)范、運轉(zhuǎn)協(xié)調(diào)、公正透明、廉潔高效”。比較而言，現(xiàn)在的提法更具操作性）。健全政府職責(zé)體系，完善公共服務(wù)體系，推行電子政務(wù)，強化社會管理和公共服務(wù)。加快推進政企分開、政資分開、政事分開、政府與市場中介組織分開，規(guī)范行政行為，加強行政執(zhí)法部門建設(shè)，減少和規(guī)范行政審批，減少政府對微觀經(jīng)濟運行的干預(yù)。規(guī)范垂直管理部門和地方政府的關(guān)系。加大機構(gòu)整合力度，探索實行職能有機統(tǒng)一的大部門體制，健全部門間協(xié)調(diào)配合機制。精簡和規(guī)范各類議事協(xié)調(diào)機構(gòu)及其辦事

機構(gòu)，減少行政層次，降低行政成本，著力解決機構(gòu)重疊、職責(zé)交叉、政出多門問題。統(tǒng)籌黨委、政府和人大、政協(xié)機構(gòu)設(shè)置，減少領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職數(shù)，嚴(yán)格控制編制。加快推進事業(yè)單位分類改革。

（六）完善制約和監(jiān)督機制，保證人民賦予的權(quán)力始終用來為人民謀利益。確保權(quán)力正確行使，必須讓權(quán)力在陽光下運行。要堅持用制度管權(quán)、管事、管人，建立健全決策權(quán)、執(zhí)行權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)既相互制約又相互協(xié)調(diào)的權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)和運行機制（這是具有中國特色的“三權(quán)”運作機制）。健全組織法制和程序規(guī)則（保證科學(xué)決策、民主決策），保證國家機關(guān)按照法定權(quán)限和程序行使權(quán)力、履行職責(zé)。完善各類公開辦事制度，提高政府工作透明度和公信力。重點加強對領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部特別是主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部、人財物管理使用、關(guān)鍵崗位的監(jiān)督，健全質(zhì)詢、問責(zé)、經(jīng)濟責(zé)任審計、引咎辭職、罷免等制度。落實黨內(nèi)監(jiān)督條例，加強民主監(jiān)督，發(fā)揮好輿論監(jiān)督作用，增強監(jiān)督合力和實效。

社會主義愈發(fā)展，民主也愈發(fā)展。在發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的歷史進程中，中國共產(chǎn)黨人和中國人民一定能夠不斷發(fā)展具有強大生命力的社會主義民主政治。

七、推動社會主義文化大發(fā)展大繁榮

當(dāng)今時代，文化越來越成為民族凝聚力和創(chuàng)造力的重要源泉、越來越成為綜合國力競爭的重要因素，豐富精神文化

生活越來越成為我國人民的熱切愿望（這是意義）。要堅持社會主義先進文化前進方向，興起社會主義文化建設(shè)新高潮，激發(fā)全民族文化創(chuàng)造活力，提高國家文化軟實力（這是總體要求），使人民基本文化權(quán)益得到更好保障，使社會文化生活更加豐富多彩，使人民精神風(fēng)貌更加昂揚向上（這是目標(biāo)）。

（一）建設(shè)社會主義核心價值體系，增強社會主義意識形態(tài)的吸引力和凝聚力。社會主義核心價值體系是社會主義意識形態(tài)的本質(zhì)體現(xiàn)。要鞏固馬克思主義指導(dǎo)地位，堅持不懈地用馬克思主義中國化最新成果武裝全黨、教育人民，用中國特色社會主義共同理想凝聚力量，用以愛國主義為核心的民族精神和以改革創(chuàng)新為核心的時代精神鼓舞斗志，用社會主義榮辱觀引領(lǐng)風(fēng)尚，鞏固全黨全國各族人民團結(jié)奮斗的共同思想基礎(chǔ)。①大力推進理論創(chuàng)新，不斷賦予當(dāng)代中國馬克思主義鮮明的實踐特色、民族特色、時代特色。開展中國特色社會主義理論體系宣傳普及活動，推動當(dāng)代中國馬克思主義大眾化。推進馬克思主義理論研究和建設(shè)工程，深入回答重大理論和實際問題，培養(yǎng)造就一批馬克思主義理論家特別是中青年理論家（怎樣建設(shè)）。②切實把社會主義核心價值體系融入國民教育和精神文明建設(shè)全過程，轉(zhuǎn)化為人民的自覺追求。積極探索用社會主義核心價值體系引領(lǐng)社會思潮的有效途徑，主動做好意識形態(tài)工作，既尊重差異、包容多樣，又有力抵制各種錯誤和腐朽思想的影響（怎樣為民所用）。③

繁榮發(fā)展哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)，推進學(xué)科體系、學(xué)術(shù)觀點、科研方法創(chuàng)新，鼓勵哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)界為黨和人民事業(yè)發(fā)揮思想庫作用，推動我國哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)優(yōu)秀成果和優(yōu)秀人才走向世界（怎樣走向世界）。

（二）建設(shè)和諧文化，培育文明風(fēng)尚。和諧文化是全體人民團結(jié)進步的重要精神支撐。①要積極發(fā)展新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)事業(yè)，堅持正確導(dǎo)向，弘揚社會正氣。重視城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域文化協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，著力豐富農(nóng)村、偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)、進城務(wù)工人員的精神文化生活。加強網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化建設(shè)和管理，營造良好網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境（公益文化建設(shè)）。②大力弘揚愛國主義、集體主義、社會主義思想，以增強誠信意識為重點，加強社會公德、職業(yè)道德、家庭美德、個人品德建設(shè)，發(fā)揮道德模范榜樣作用，引導(dǎo)人們自覺履行法定義務(wù)、社會責(zé)任、家庭責(zé)任。加強和改進思想政治工作，注重人文關(guān)懷和心理疏導(dǎo)，用正確方式處理人際關(guān)系。動員社會各方面共同做好青少年思想道德教育工作，為青少年健康成長創(chuàng)造良好社會環(huán)境（思想道德建設(shè)）。③深入開展群眾性精神文明創(chuàng)建活動，完善社會志愿服務(wù)體系，形成男女平等、尊老愛幼、互愛互助、見義勇為的社會風(fēng)尚。弘揚科學(xué)精神，普及科學(xué)知識（精神文明創(chuàng)建）。廣泛開展全民健身運動。辦好2008年奧運會、殘奧會和2010年世博會。

（三）弘揚中華文化，建設(shè)中華民族共有精神家園。中

華文化是中華民族生生不息、團結(jié)奮進的不竭動力。①要全面認(rèn)識祖國傳統(tǒng)文化，取其精華，去其糟粕，使之與當(dāng)代社會相適應(yīng)、與現(xiàn)代文明相協(xié)調(diào)，保持民族性，體現(xiàn)時代性。②加強中華優(yōu)秀文化傳統(tǒng)教育，運用現(xiàn)代科技手段開發(fā)利用民族文化豐厚資源。③加強對各民族文化的挖掘和保護，重視文物和非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護，做好文化典籍整理工作。④加強對外文化交流，吸收各國優(yōu)秀文明成果，增強中華文化國際影響力。

（四）推進文化創(chuàng)新，增強文化發(fā)展活力。在時代的高起點上推動文化內(nèi)容形式、體制機制、傳播手段創(chuàng)新，解放和發(fā)展文化生產(chǎn)力，是繁榮文化的必由之路。①（這是總體要求，闡明推進文化創(chuàng)新的根本要求和宗旨）要堅持為人民服務(wù)、為社會主義服務(wù)的方向和百花齊放、百家爭鳴的方針，貼近實際、貼近生活、貼近群眾，始終把社會效益放在首位，做到經(jīng)濟效益與社會效益相統(tǒng)一。創(chuàng)作更多反映人民主體地位和現(xiàn)實生活、群眾喜聞樂見的優(yōu)秀精神文化產(chǎn)品。②（文化體制改革的總體要求）深化文化體制改革，完善扶持公益性文化事業(yè)、發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè)、鼓勵文化創(chuàng)新的政策，營造有利于出精品、出人才、出效益的環(huán)境。③（扶持公益性文化事業(yè)）堅持把發(fā)展公益性文化事業(yè)作為保障人民基本文化權(quán)益的主要途徑，加大投入力度，加強社區(qū)和鄉(xiāng)村文化設(shè)施建設(shè)。④（發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè)）大力發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè)，實施重大文化

產(chǎn)業(yè)項目帶動戰(zhàn)略，加快文化產(chǎn)業(yè)基地和區(qū)域性特色文化產(chǎn)業(yè)群建設(shè)，培育文化產(chǎn)業(yè)骨干企業(yè)和戰(zhàn)略投資者，繁榮文化市場，增強國際競爭力。⑤（鼓勵文化創(chuàng)新）運用高新技術(shù)創(chuàng)新文化生產(chǎn)方式，培育新的文化業(yè)態(tài)，加快構(gòu)建傳輸快捷、覆蓋廣泛的文化傳播體系。設(shè)立國家榮譽制度，表彰有杰出貢獻的文化工作者。

中華民族偉大復(fù)興必然伴隨著中華文化繁榮興盛。要充分發(fā)揮人民在文化建設(shè)中的主體作用，調(diào)動廣大文化工作者的積極性，更加自覺、更加主動地推動文化大發(fā)展大繁榮，在中國特色社會主義的偉大實踐中進行文化創(chuàng)造，讓人民共享文化發(fā)展成果。

（注：十七大報告在文化方面的新亮點有三：一是首次在黨的代表大會上向全黨發(fā)出了“推動社會主義文化大發(fā)展大繁榮”、“興起社會主義文化建設(shè)新高潮”的號召；二是首次明確把文化作為“國家軟實力”提出來；三是強調(diào)加強對外文化交流，吸收人類優(yōu)秀文化成果，提高中華文化影響力。）

八、加快推進以改善民生為重點的社會建設(shè)

社會建設(shè)與人民幸福安康息息相關(guān)。必須在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上，更加注重社會建設(shè)，著力保障和改善民生，推進社會體制改革，擴大公共服務(wù)，完善社會管理，促進社會公平正義，努力使全體人民學(xué)有所教、勞有所得、病有所醫(yī)、老有所養(yǎng)、住有所居，推動建設(shè)和諧社會（就業(yè)是民生之本，38 分配是民心所系，社保是民安所在）。

（一）優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育，建設(shè)人力資源強國。教育是民族振興的基石，教育公平是社會公平的重要基礎(chǔ)。要全面貫徹黨的教育方針，堅持育人為本、德育為先，實施素質(zhì)教育，提高教育現(xiàn)代化水平，培養(yǎng)德智體美全面發(fā)展的社會主義建設(shè)者和接班人，辦好人民滿意的教育。優(yōu)化教育結(jié)構(gòu)，促進義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展，加快普及高中階段教育，大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育，提高高等教育質(zhì)量。重視學(xué)前教育，關(guān)心特殊教育。更新教育觀念，深化教學(xué)內(nèi)容方式、考試招生制度、質(zhì)量評價制度等改革，減輕中小學(xué)生課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)，提高學(xué)生綜合素質(zhì)。堅持教育公益性質(zhì)，加大財政對教育投入，規(guī)范教育收費，扶持貧困地區(qū)、民族地區(qū)教育，健全學(xué)生資助制度，保障經(jīng)濟困難家庭、進城務(wù)工人員子女平等接受義務(wù)教育。加強教師隊伍建設(shè)，重點提高農(nóng)村教師素質(zhì)。鼓勵和規(guī)范社會力量興辦教育。發(fā)展遠(yuǎn)程教育和繼續(xù)教育，建設(shè)全民學(xué)習(xí)、終身學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)習(xí)型社會。

（二）實施擴大就業(yè)的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，促進以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動就業(yè)。就業(yè)是民生之本。要堅持實施積極的就業(yè)政策，加強政府引導(dǎo)，完善市場就業(yè)機制，擴大就業(yè)規(guī)模，改善就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。完善支持自主創(chuàng)業(yè)、自謀職業(yè)政策，加強就業(yè)觀念教育，使更多勞動者成為創(chuàng)業(yè)者。健全面向全體勞動者的職業(yè)教育培訓(xùn)制度，加強農(nóng)村富余勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)培訓(xùn)。建立統(tǒng)一規(guī)范的

人力資源市場，形成城鄉(xiāng)勞動者平等就業(yè)的制度。完善面向所有困難群眾的就業(yè)援助制度，及時幫助零就業(yè)家庭解決就業(yè)困難。積極做好高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)工作。規(guī)范和協(xié)調(diào)勞動關(guān)系，完善和落實國家對農(nóng)民工的政策，依法維護勞動者權(quán)益。

（三）深化收入分配制度改革，增加城鄉(xiāng)居民收入。合理的收入分配制度是社會公平的重要體現(xiàn)。要堅持和完善按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存的分配制度，健全勞動、資本、技術(shù)、管理等生產(chǎn)要素按貢獻參與分配的制度，初次分配和再分配都要處理好效率和公平的關(guān)系，再分配更加注重公平（注：十六大報告是講初次分配要注重效率，再分配要注重公平）。逐步提高居民收入在國民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動報酬在初次分配中的比重。著力提高低收入者收入，逐步提高扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，建立企業(yè)職工工資正常增長機制和支付保障機制。創(chuàng)造條件讓更多群眾擁有財產(chǎn)性收入。保護合法收入，調(diào)節(jié)過高收入，取締非法收入。擴大轉(zhuǎn)移支付，強化稅收調(diào)節(jié)，打破經(jīng)營壟斷，創(chuàng)造機會公平，整頓分配秩序，逐步扭轉(zhuǎn)收入分配差距擴大趨勢。

（四）加快建立覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的社會保障體系，保障人民基本生活。社會保障是社會安定的重要保證。要以社會保險、社會救助、社會福利為基礎(chǔ)，以基本養(yǎng)老、基本醫(yī)療、最低生活保障制度為重點，以慈善事業(yè)、商業(yè)保險為補充，加快完善社會保障體系。促進企業(yè)、機關(guān)、事業(yè)單位基本養(yǎng)

老保險制度改革，探索建立農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險制度。全面推進城鎮(zhèn)職工基本醫(yī)療保險、城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險、新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度建設(shè)。完善城鄉(xiāng)居民最低生活保障制度，逐步提高保障水平。完善失業(yè)、工傷、生育保險制度。提高統(tǒng)籌層次，制定全國統(tǒng)一的社會保險關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)續(xù)辦法（這對穩(wěn)定外來務(wù)工人員就業(yè)尤其重要）。采取多種方式充實社會保障基金，加強基金監(jiān)管，實現(xiàn)保值增值。健全社會救助體系。做好優(yōu)撫安臵工作。發(fā)揚人道主義精神，發(fā)展殘疾人事業(yè)。加強老齡工作。強化防災(zāi)減災(zāi)工作。健全廉租住房制度，加快解決城市低收入家庭住房困難。

（五）建立基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度，提高全民健康水平。健康是人全面發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)，關(guān)系千家萬戶幸福。要堅持公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生的公益性質(zhì)，堅持預(yù)防為主、以農(nóng)村為重點、中西醫(yī)并重，實行政事分開、管辦分開、醫(yī)藥分開、營利性和非營利性分開，強化政府責(zé)任和投入，完善國民健康政策，鼓勵社會參與，建設(shè)覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系、醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系、醫(yī)療保障體系、藥品供應(yīng)保障體系，為群眾提供安全、有效、方便、價廉的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。完善重大疾病防控體系，提高突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件應(yīng)急處臵能力。加強農(nóng)村三級衛(wèi)生服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和城市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系建設(shè)，深化公立醫(yī)院改革。建立國家基本藥物制度，保證群眾基本用藥。扶持中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展。加強醫(yī)德醫(yī)風(fēng)建設(shè)，提高醫(yī)療服

務(wù)質(zhì)量。確保食品藥品安全。堅持計劃生育的基本國策，穩(wěn)定低生育水平，提高出生人口素質(zhì)。開展愛國衛(wèi)生運動，發(fā)展婦幼衛(wèi)生事業(yè)。

（六）完善社會管理，維護社會安定團結(jié)。社會穩(wěn)定是人民群眾的共同心愿，是改革發(fā)展的重要前提。要健全黨委領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、政府負(fù)責(zé)、社會協(xié)同、公眾參與的社會管理格局，健全基層社會管理體制。最大限度激發(fā)社會創(chuàng)造活力，最大限度增加和諧因素，最大限度減少不和諧因素。妥善處理人民內(nèi)部矛盾，完善信訪制度，健全黨和政府主導(dǎo)的維護群眾權(quán)益機制。重視社會組織建設(shè)和管理。加強流動人口服務(wù)和管理。堅持安全發(fā)展，強化安全生產(chǎn)管理和監(jiān)督，有效遏制重特大安全事故。完善突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急管理機制。健全社會治安防控體系，加強社會治安綜合治理，深入開展平安創(chuàng)建活動，改革和加強城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)警務(wù)工作，依法防范和打擊違法犯罪活動，保障人民生命財產(chǎn)安全。完善國家安全戰(zhàn)略，健全國家安全體制，高度警惕和堅決防范各種分裂、滲透、顛覆活動，切實維護國家安全。

和諧社會要靠全社會共同建設(shè)。我們要緊緊依靠人民，調(diào)動一切積極因素，努力形成社會和諧人人有責(zé)、和諧社會人人共享的生動局面。

九、開創(chuàng)國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)新局面

國防和軍隊建設(shè)，在中國特色社會主義事業(yè)總體布局中

占有重要地位。必須站在國家安全和發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略全局的高度，統(tǒng)籌經(jīng)濟建設(shè)和國防建設(shè)，在全面建設(shè)小康社會進程中實現(xiàn)富國和強軍的統(tǒng)一。

全面履行黨和人民賦予的新世紀(jì)新階段軍隊歷史使命，必須堅持以毛澤東軍事思想、鄧小平新時期軍隊建設(shè)思想、江澤民國防和軍隊建設(shè)思想為指導(dǎo)，把科學(xué)發(fā)展觀作為國防和軍隊建設(shè)的重要指導(dǎo)方針，貫徹新時期軍事戰(zhàn)略方針，加快中國特色軍事變革，做好軍事斗爭準(zhǔn)備，提高軍隊?wèi)?yīng)對多種安全威脅、完成多樣化軍事任務(wù)的能力，堅決維護國家主權(quán)、安全、領(lǐng)土完整，為維護世界和平貢獻力量。

軍隊革命化、現(xiàn)代化、正規(guī)化建設(shè)是統(tǒng)一的整體，必須全面加強、協(xié)調(diào)推進。要始終堅持黨對軍隊絕對領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的根本原則和人民軍隊的根本宗旨，深入進行軍隊歷史使命、理想信念、戰(zhàn)斗精神和社會主義榮辱觀教育，大力弘揚聽黨指揮、服務(wù)人民、英勇善戰(zhàn)的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)。堅持科技強軍，按照建設(shè)信息化軍隊、打贏信息化戰(zhàn)爭的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)，加快機械化和信息化復(fù)合發(fā)展，積極開展信息化條件下軍事訓(xùn)練，全面建設(shè)現(xiàn)代后勤，加緊培養(yǎng)大批高素質(zhì)新型軍事人才，切實轉(zhuǎn)變戰(zhàn)斗力生成模式。堅持依法治軍、從嚴(yán)治軍，完善軍事法規(guī)，加強科學(xué)管理。

適應(yīng)世界軍事發(fā)展新趨勢和我國發(fā)展新要求，推進軍事理論、軍事技術(shù)、軍事組織、軍事管理創(chuàng)新。調(diào)整改革軍隊

體制編制和政策制度，逐步形成一整套既有中國特色又符合現(xiàn)代軍隊建設(shè)規(guī)律的科學(xué)的組織模式、制度安排和運作方式。調(diào)整改革國防科技工業(yè)體制和武器裝備采購體制，提高武器裝備研制的自主創(chuàng)新能力和質(zhì)量效益。建立和完善軍民結(jié)合、寓軍于民的武器裝備科研生產(chǎn)體系、軍隊人才培養(yǎng)體系和軍隊保障體系，堅持勤儉建軍，走出一條中國特色軍民融合式發(fā)展路子。深入研究新的歷史條件下建軍治軍特點規(guī)律和人民戰(zhàn)爭戰(zhàn)略戰(zhàn)術(shù)，繁榮和發(fā)展軍事科學(xué)。

增強全民國防觀念，完善國防動員體系，加強國防動員建設(shè)，提高預(yù)備役部隊和民兵建設(shè)質(zhì)量。加強人民武裝警察部隊建設(shè)，更好履行維護國家安全和社會穩(wěn)定、保障人民安居樂業(yè)的職責(zé)使命。堅持擁軍優(yōu)屬、擁政愛民，積極開展軍民共建，鞏固軍政軍民團結(jié)。各級黨組織、政府和人民群眾要一如既往支持國防和軍隊建設(shè)，軍隊要繼續(xù)為經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展作貢獻。

十、推進“一國兩制”實踐和祖國和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè) 香港、澳門回歸祖國以來，“一國兩制”實踐日益豐富?！耙粐鴥芍啤笔峭耆_的，具有強大生命力。按照“一國兩制”實現(xiàn)祖國和平統(tǒng)一，符合中華民族根本利益。

保持香港、澳門長期繁榮穩(wěn)定是黨在新形勢下治國理政面臨的重大課題。我們將堅定不移地貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，嚴(yán)格按照特別行政

區(qū)基本法辦事；全力支持特別行政區(qū)政府依法施政，著力發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、改善民生、推進民主；鼓勵香港、澳門各界人士在愛國愛港、愛國愛澳旗臶下和衷共濟，促進社會和睦；加強內(nèi)地與香港、澳門交流合作，實現(xiàn)優(yōu)勢互補、共同發(fā)展；積極支持香港、澳門開展對外交往，堅決反對外部勢力干預(yù)香港、澳門事務(wù)。香港同胞、澳門同胞完全有智慧有能力管理好、建設(shè)好香港、澳門，香港、澳門已經(jīng)并將繼續(xù)為國家現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)發(fā)揮重要作用，偉大祖國永遠(yuǎn)是香港、澳門繁榮穩(wěn)定的堅強后盾。

解決臺灣問題、實現(xiàn)祖國完全統(tǒng)一，是全體中華兒女的共同心愿。我們將遵循“和平統(tǒng)一、一國兩制”的方針和現(xiàn)階段發(fā)展兩岸關(guān)系、推進祖國和平統(tǒng)一進程的八項主張，堅持一個中國原則決不動搖，爭取和平統(tǒng)一的努力決不放棄，貫徹寄希望于臺灣人民的方針決不改變，反對“臺獨”分裂活動決不妥協(xié)，牢牢把握兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的主題，真誠為兩岸同胞謀福祉、為臺海地區(qū)謀和平，維護國家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整，維護中華民族根本利益。

堅持一個中國原則，是兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的政治基礎(chǔ)。盡管兩岸尚未統(tǒng)一，但大陸和臺灣同屬一個中國的事實從未改變。中國是兩岸同胞的共同家園，兩岸同胞理應(yīng)攜手維護好、建設(shè)好我們的共同家園。臺灣任何政黨，只要承認(rèn)兩岸同屬一個中國，我們都愿意同他們交流對話、協(xié)商談判，什

么問題都可以談。我們鄭重呼吁，在一個中國原則的基礎(chǔ)上，協(xié)商正式結(jié)束兩岸敵對狀態(tài)，達(dá)成和平協(xié)議，構(gòu)建兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展框架，開創(chuàng)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展新局面。

十三億大陸同胞和兩千三百萬臺灣同胞是血脈相連的命運共同體。凡是對臺灣同胞有利的事情，凡是對維護臺海和平有利的事情，凡是對促進祖國和平統(tǒng)一有利的事情，我們都會盡最大努力做好。我們理解、信賴、關(guān)心臺灣同胞，將繼續(xù)實施和充實惠及廣大臺灣同胞的政策措施，依法保護臺灣同胞的正當(dāng)權(quán)益，支持海峽西岸和其他臺商投資相對集中地區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。兩岸同胞要加強交往，加強經(jīng)濟文化交流，繼續(xù)拓展領(lǐng)域、提高層次，推動直接“三通”，使彼此感情更融洽、合作更深化，為實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興而共同努力。

當(dāng)前，“臺獨”分裂勢力加緊進行分裂活動，嚴(yán)重危害兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展。兩岸同胞要共同反對和遏制“臺獨”分裂活動。中國主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整不容分割。任何涉及中國主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整的問題，必須由包括臺灣同胞在內(nèi)的全中國人民共同決定。我們愿以最大誠意、盡最大努力實現(xiàn)兩岸和平統(tǒng)一，絕不允許任何人以任何名義任何方式把臺灣從祖國分割出去。

兩岸統(tǒng)一是中華民族走向偉大復(fù)興的歷史必然。海內(nèi)外中華兒女緊密團結(jié)、共同奮斗，祖國完全統(tǒng)一就一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)。

十一、始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路

當(dāng)今世界正處在大變革大調(diào)整之中。和平與發(fā)展仍然是時代主題，求和平、謀發(fā)展、促合作已經(jīng)成為不可阻擋的時代潮流。世界多極化不可逆轉(zhuǎn)，經(jīng)濟全球化深入發(fā)展，科技革命加速推進，全球和區(qū)域合作方興未艾，國與國相互依存日益緊密，國際力量對比朝著有利于維護世界和平方向發(fā)展，國際形勢總體穩(wěn)定。

同時，世界仍然很不安寧。霸權(quán)主義和強權(quán)政治依然存在，局部沖突和熱點問題此起彼伏，全球經(jīng)濟失衡加劇，南北差距拉大，傳統(tǒng)安全威脅和非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅相互交織，世界和平與發(fā)展面臨諸多難題和挑戰(zhàn)。

共同分享發(fā)展機遇，共同應(yīng)對各種挑戰(zhàn)，推進人類和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)，事關(guān)各國人民的根本利益，也是各國人民的共同心愿。我們主張，各國人民攜手努力，推動建設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。為此，應(yīng)該遵循聯(lián)合國憲章宗旨和原則，恪守國際法和公認(rèn)的國際關(guān)系準(zhǔn)則，在國際關(guān)系中弘揚民主、和睦、協(xié)作、共贏精神。政治上相互尊重、平等協(xié)商，共同推進國際關(guān)系民主化；經(jīng)濟上相互合作、優(yōu)勢互補，共同推動經(jīng)濟全球化朝著均衡、普惠、共贏方向發(fā)展；文化上相互借鑒、求同存異，尊重世界多樣性，共同促進人類文明繁榮進步；安全上相互信任、加強合作，堅持用和平方式而不是戰(zhàn)爭手段解決國際爭端，共同維護世界和平

穩(wěn)定；環(huán)保上相互幫助、協(xié)力推進，共同呵護人類賴以生存的地球家園。

當(dāng)代中國同世界的關(guān)系發(fā)生了歷史性變化，中國的前途命運日益緊密地同世界的前途命運聯(lián)系在一起。不管國際風(fēng)云如何變幻，中國政府和人民都將高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作旗臶，奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策，維護國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益，恪守維護世界和平、促進共同發(fā)展的外交政策宗旨。

中國將始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路。這是中國政府和人民根據(jù)時代發(fā)展潮流和自身根本利益作出的戰(zhàn)略抉擇。中華民族是熱愛和平的民族，中國始終是維護世界和平的堅定力量。我們堅持把中國人民的利益同各國人民的共同利益結(jié)合起來，秉持公道，伸張正義。我們堅持國家不分大小、強弱、貧富一律平等，尊重各國人民自主選擇發(fā)展道路的權(quán)利，不干涉別國內(nèi)部事務(wù)，不把自己的意志強加于人。中國致力于和平解決國際爭端和熱點問題，推動國際和地區(qū)安全合作，反對一切形式的恐怖主義。中國奉行防御性的國防政策，不搞軍備競賽，不對任何國家構(gòu)成軍事威脅。中國反對各種形式的霸權(quán)主義和強權(quán)政治，永遠(yuǎn)不稱霸，永遠(yuǎn)不搞擴張。中國將始終不渝奉行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略。我們將繼續(xù)以自己的發(fā)展促進地區(qū)和世界共同發(fā)展，擴大同各方利益的匯合點，在實現(xiàn)本國發(fā)展的同時兼顧對方特別是發(fā)展中國家

的正當(dāng)關(guān)切。我們將繼續(xù)按照通行的國際經(jīng)貿(mào)規(guī)則，擴大市場準(zhǔn)入，依法保護合作者權(quán)益。我們支持國際社會幫助發(fā)展中國家增強自主發(fā)展能力、改善民生，縮小南北差距。我們支持完善國際貿(mào)易和金融體制，推進貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化，通過磋商協(xié)作妥善處理經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦。中國決不做損人利己、以鄰為壑的事情。

中國堅持在和平共處五項原則的基礎(chǔ)上同所有國家發(fā)展友好合作。我們將繼續(xù)同發(fā)達(dá)國家加強戰(zhàn)略對話，增進互信，深化合作，妥善處理分歧，推動相互關(guān)系長期穩(wěn)定健康發(fā)展。我們將繼續(xù)貫徹與鄰為善、以鄰為伴的周邊外交方針，加強同周邊國家的睦鄰友好和務(wù)實合作，積極開展區(qū)域合作，共同營造和平穩(wěn)定、平等互信、合作共贏的地區(qū)環(huán)境。我們將繼續(xù)加強同廣大發(fā)展中國家的團結(jié)合作，深化傳統(tǒng)友誼，擴大務(wù)實合作，提供力所能及的援助，維護發(fā)展中國家的正當(dāng)要求和共同利益。我們將繼續(xù)積極參與多邊事務(wù)，承擔(dān)相應(yīng)國際義務(wù)，發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用，推動國際秩序朝著更加公正合理的方向發(fā)展。我們將繼續(xù)開展同各國政黨和政治組織的交流合作，加強人大、政協(xié)、軍隊、地方、民間團體對外交往，增進中國人民和各國人民的相互了解和友誼。

中國發(fā)展離不開世界，世界繁榮穩(wěn)定也離不開中國。中國人民將繼續(xù)同各國人民一道，為實現(xiàn)人類的美好理想而不懈努力。

十二、以改革創(chuàng)新精神全面推進黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程 中國特色社會主義事業(yè)是改革創(chuàng)新的事業(yè)。黨要站在時代前列帶領(lǐng)人民不斷開創(chuàng)事業(yè)發(fā)展新局面，必須以改革創(chuàng)新精神加強自身建設(shè)，始終成為中國特色社會主義事業(yè)的堅強領(lǐng)導(dǎo)核心。

我們黨已經(jīng)成立八十六年，在全國執(zhí)政五十八年，擁有七千多萬黨員，黨的自身建設(shè)任務(wù)比過去任何時候都更為繁重。黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的改革開放既給黨注入巨大活力，也使黨面臨許多前所未有的新課題新考驗。世情、國情、黨情的發(fā)展變化，決定了以改革創(chuàng)新精神加強黨的建設(shè)既十分重要又十分緊迫。（黨的建設(shè)的總體要求）必須把黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)和先進性建設(shè)作為主線，堅持黨要管黨、從嚴(yán)治黨，貫徹為民、務(wù)實、清廉的要求，以堅定理想信念為重點加強思想建設(shè)，以造就高素質(zhì)黨員、干部隊伍為重點加強組織建設(shè)，以保持黨同人民群眾的血肉聯(lián)系為重點加強作風(fēng)建設(shè)，以健全民主集中制為重點加強制度建設(shè)，以完善懲治和預(yù)防腐敗體系為重點加強反腐倡廉建設(shè)，使黨始終成為立黨為公、執(zhí)政為民，求真務(wù)實、改革創(chuàng)新，艱苦奮斗、清正廉潔，富有活力、團結(jié)和諧的馬克思主義執(zhí)政黨。

（一）深入學(xué)習(xí)貫徹中國特色社會主義理論體系，著力用馬克思主義中國化最新成果武裝全黨。思想理論建設(shè)是黨的根本建設(shè)，黨的理論創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)各方面創(chuàng)新。要按照建設(shè)學(xué)

第三篇：讀胡錦濤在黨的十七大上的報告有感

毛澤東思想和中國特色 社會主義理論體系概論

讀胡錦濤在黨的十七大上的報告有感

外語系英語08-1

學(xué)號：

姓名：

讀胡錦濤在黨的十七大上的報告有感

胡錦濤總書記在中國共產(chǎn)黨第十七次全國代表大會上的報告，從十二個方面總述了：過去五年的工作；改革開放的偉大歷史進程；深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀；實現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會奮斗目標(biāo)的新要求；促進國民經(jīng)濟又好又快發(fā)展；堅定不移發(fā)展社會主義民主政治；推動社會主義文化大發(fā)展大繁榮；加快推進以改善民生為重點的社會建設(shè)；開創(chuàng)國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)新局面；推進“一國兩制”實踐和祖國和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)；始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路；以改革創(chuàng)新精神全面推進黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程。

我認(rèn)為，這次報告的核心內(nèi)容是實現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會奮斗目標(biāo)的新要求，具體手段是在經(jīng)濟方面深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，促進國民經(jīng)濟又好又快發(fā)展；政治方面堅定不移發(fā)展社會主義民主政治，推進“一國兩制”實踐和祖國和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)；文化方面推動社會主義文化大發(fā)展大繁榮；這些手段都是為實現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會這一目標(biāo)服務(wù)的。

胡錦濤再次聲明科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，第一要義是發(fā)展，核心是以人為本，基本要求是全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)，根本方法是統(tǒng)籌兼顧?！仨殘猿职寻l(fā)展作為 ——必須堅持統(tǒng)籌兼顧。黨執(zhí)政興國的第一要務(wù)?！仨殘猿忠匀藶楸尽！仨殘猿秩鎱f(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。這要求全黨著力解決影響和制約科學(xué)發(fā)展的突出問題，把全社會的發(fā)展積極性引導(dǎo)到科學(xué)發(fā)展上來，把科學(xué)發(fā)展觀貫徹落實到經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展各個方面。胡錦濤說: 我們已經(jīng)朝著十六大確立的全面建設(shè)小康社會的目標(biāo)邁出了堅實步伐，今后要繼續(xù)努力奮斗，確保到2020年實現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會的奮斗目標(biāo)。而這對我國發(fā)展提出新的更高要求：——增強發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性，努力實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟又好又快發(fā)展?！獢U大社會主義民主，更好保障人民權(quán)益和社會公平正義?！訌娢幕ㄔO(shè)，明顯提高全民族文明素質(zhì)?！涌彀l(fā)展社會事業(yè)，全面改善人民生活?！ㄔO(shè)生態(tài)文明，基本形成節(jié)約能源資源和保護生態(tài)環(huán)境的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、增長方式、消費模式。這一目標(biāo)和要求可謂是為我國的下一步發(fā)展指明了道路。但從現(xiàn)在發(fā)展的實際情況來看，我國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展總量大大超過了既定目標(biāo)，但還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)稱不上又好又快發(fā)展，能源節(jié)約型和生態(tài)環(huán)保型發(fā)展模式尚未形成。究其原因，我認(rèn)為是一些地方干部的思想并未和黨的要求達(dá)成一致，政績行，數(shù)字型發(fā)展模式深入其心；再者，黨的監(jiān)察力度不夠。我認(rèn)為這些因素是地方發(fā)展不給力的真正原因。

促進國民經(jīng)濟又好又快發(fā)展是胡錦濤總書記提出的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展新思路。主要包括一下幾個方面：

（一）提高自主創(chuàng)新能力，建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國家。

（二）加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式，推動產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級。（三）統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展，推進社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)。

（四）加強能源資源節(jié)約和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護，增強可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力。

（五）推動區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，優(yōu)化國土開發(fā)格局。

（六）完善基本經(jīng)濟制度，健全現(xiàn)代市場體系。

（七）深化財稅、金融等體制改革，完善宏觀調(diào)控體系。

（八）拓展對外開放廣度和深度，提高開放型經(jīng)濟水平。經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平是我國綜合國力的重要體現(xiàn)。從鄧小平時代到如今，各屆領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人始終堅定不移的緊抓經(jīng)濟，極大提升了我國的綜合國力。但伴隨著我國今年經(jīng)濟的不斷進步，許多新問題，矛盾不斷出現(xiàn)：如貧富差距不斷擴大，地區(qū)發(fā)展嚴(yán)重脫節(jié)，經(jīng)濟政治文化發(fā)展水平不一致。這類問題成為我國目前亟待解決的問題。

以胡錦濤為首的這屆政府帶動我國經(jīng)濟政治發(fā)展水平不斷提高，國際地位得以提升，得到了全國人民以及世界各國的肯定。隨著我國發(fā)展水平的不斷提高，在黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，和諧社會不再是夢想。以上是我對胡錦濤總書記在中共十七大上的報告的淺顯認(rèn)識。

第四篇：胡錦濤在7.1上的講話

胡錦濤在“七一”會上的重要講話精神

７月１日上午，慶祝中國共產(chǎn)黨成立９０周年大會在北京人民大會堂隆重舉行。中共中央總書記胡錦濤在會上發(fā)表重要講話，回顧中國共產(chǎn)黨９０年的光輝歷程和取得的偉大成就，總結(jié)黨和人民創(chuàng)造的寶貴經(jīng)驗，提出新的歷史條件下提高黨的建設(shè)科學(xué)化水平的目標(biāo)任務(wù)，闡述了在新的歷史起點上把中國特色社會主義偉大事業(yè)全面推向前進的大政方針。他強調(diào)，全黨同志要牢記歷史使命，永遠(yuǎn)保持謙虛、謹(jǐn)慎、不驕、不躁的作風(fēng)，永遠(yuǎn)保持艱苦奮斗的作風(fēng)，勇于變革、勇于創(chuàng)新，永不僵化、永不停滯，不動搖、不懈怠、不折騰，不為任何風(fēng)險所懼，不被任何干擾所惑，堅定不移沿著中國特色社會主義道路奮勇前進，更加奮發(fā)有為地團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全國各族人民創(chuàng)造自己的幸福生活和中華民族的美好未來。

胡錦濤指出，９０年來，我們黨團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)人民在中國這片古老的土地上，書寫了人類發(fā)展史上驚天地、泣鬼神的壯麗史詩，集中體現(xiàn)為完成和推進了三件大事。我們黨緊緊依靠人民完成了新民主主義革命，實現(xiàn)了民族獨立、人民解放。我們黨緊緊依靠人民完成了社會主義革命，確立了社會主義1 基本制度。我們黨緊緊依靠人民進行了改革開放新的偉大革命，開創(chuàng)、堅持、發(fā)展了中國特色社會主義。這三件大事，從根本上改變了中國人民和中華民族的前途命運。９０年來，中國社會發(fā)生的變革，中國人民命運發(fā)生的變化，其廣度和深度，其政治影響和社會意義，在人類發(fā)展史上都是十分罕見的。

胡錦濤指出，９０年來，我們?nèi)〉玫囊磺谐删?，是一代又一代中國共產(chǎn)黨人同人民一道頑強拼搏、接續(xù)奮斗的結(jié)果。以毛澤東同志為核心的黨的第一代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全黨全國各族人民，奪取了新民主主義革命的偉大勝利，確立了社會主義基本制度，為當(dāng)代中國一切發(fā)展進步奠定了根本政治前提和制度基礎(chǔ)。以鄧小平同志為核心的黨的第二代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全黨全國各族人民，開啟了改革開放的偉大歷程，吹響了建設(shè)中國特色社會主義的時代號角，開辟了社會主義事業(yè)發(fā)展新時期。以江澤民同志為核心的黨的第三代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全黨全國各族人民，堅持改革開放、與時俱進，引領(lǐng)改革開放的航船沿著正確方向破浪前進，成功把中國特色社會主義偉大事業(yè)推向２１世紀(jì)。黨的十六大以來，黨中央團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全黨全國各族人民，以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，著力推動科學(xué)發(fā)展、促進社會和諧，繼續(xù)在全面建設(shè)小康社會實踐中推進中國特色社會主義偉大事業(yè)。

胡錦濤強調(diào)，面對風(fēng)云變幻的國際形勢，面對艱巨繁重的國內(nèi)改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定任務(wù)，我們黨要團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)人民繼續(xù)前進，開創(chuàng)工作新局面，贏得事業(yè)新勝利，最根本的就是要高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，堅持和拓展中國特色社會主義道路，堅持和豐富中國特色社會主義理論體系，堅持和完善中國特色社會主義制度。

胡錦濤指出，回顧９０年中國的發(fā)展進步，可以得出一個基本結(jié)論：辦好中國的事情，關(guān)鍵在黨。全黨必須清醒地看到，在世情、國情、黨情發(fā)生深刻變化的新形勢下，提高黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)水平和執(zhí)政水平、提高拒腐防變和抵御風(fēng)險能力，加強黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)和先進性建設(shè)，面臨許多前所未有的新情況新問題新挑戰(zhàn)。落實黨要管黨、從嚴(yán)治黨的任務(wù)比以往任何時候都更為繁重、更為緊迫。我們必須從新的實際出發(fā)，堅持以科學(xué)理論指導(dǎo)黨的建設(shè)，以改革創(chuàng)新精神研究和解決黨的建設(shè)面臨的重大理論和實際問題，著眼于全面建設(shè)小康社會、加快推進社會主義現(xiàn)代化，全面認(rèn)識和自覺運用馬克思主義執(zhí)政黨建設(shè)規(guī)律，全面推進黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程，不斷提高黨的建設(shè)科學(xué)化水平。

胡錦濤強調(diào)，在新的歷史條件下提高黨的建設(shè)科學(xué)化水平，必須堅持解放思想、實事求是、與時俱進，大力推進馬3 克思主義中國化時代化大眾化，提高全黨思想政治水平；必須堅持五湖四海、任人唯賢，堅持德才兼?zhèn)?、以德為先用人?biāo)準(zhǔn)，把各方面優(yōu)秀人才集聚到黨和國家事業(yè)中來；必須堅持以人為本、執(zhí)政為民理念，牢固樹立馬克思主義群眾觀點、自覺貫徹黨的群眾路線，始終保持黨同人民群眾的血肉聯(lián)系；必須堅持標(biāo)本兼治、綜合治理、懲防并舉、注重預(yù)防的方針，深入開展黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗斗爭，始終保持馬克思主義政黨的先進性和純潔性；必須堅持用制度管權(quán)管事管人，健全民主集中制，不斷推進黨的建設(shè)制度化、規(guī)范化、程序化。只要全黨同志常懷憂黨之心、恪盡興黨之責(zé)，以更加奮發(fā)有為的精神狀態(tài)推進黨的建設(shè)，我們黨就一定能夠更好把握歷史大勢、勇立時代潮頭、引領(lǐng)社會進步。

胡錦濤指出，中國共產(chǎn)黨自誕生之日起就勇敢擔(dān)當(dāng)起團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)人民實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的歷史使命。繼續(xù)推動中華民族偉大復(fù)興進程，必須始終堅持黨的基本路線不動搖，繼續(xù)解放思想，堅持改革開放，推動科學(xué)發(fā)展，促進社會和諧，在新的歷史起點上把中國特色社會主義偉大事業(yè)全面推向前進。

胡錦濤強調(diào)，全黨同志必須牢記，我國過去３０多年的快速發(fā)展靠的是改革開放，我國未來發(fā)展也必須堅定不移依靠改革開放。新時期最鮮明的特點是改革開放。改革開放是4 黨在新的歷史條件下領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民進行的新的偉大革命，是決定當(dāng)代中國命運的關(guān)鍵抉擇，是堅持和發(fā)展中國特色社會主義、實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的必由之路。只有改革開放才能發(fā)展中國、發(fā)展社會主義、發(fā)展馬克思主義。我們一定要堅定不移堅持黨的十一屆三中全會以來的路線方針政策，堅定信心、砥礪勇氣，堅持不懈把改革創(chuàng)新精神貫徹到治國理政各個環(huán)節(jié)，奮力把改革開放推向前進。我們要繼續(xù)牢牢扭住經(jīng)濟建設(shè)這個中心不動搖，堅定不移走科學(xué)發(fā)展道路，繼續(xù)牢牢堅持發(fā)展是硬道理的戰(zhàn)略思想，不斷夯實堅持和發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。我們要繼續(xù)大力推進社會主義民主政治建設(shè)，堅定不移走中國特色社會主義政治發(fā)展道路，堅持黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、人民當(dāng)家作主、依法治國有機統(tǒng)一，積極穩(wěn)妥推進政治體制改革，發(fā)展社會主義政治文明。我們要繼續(xù)大力推動社會主義文化大發(fā)展大繁榮，堅定不移發(fā)展社會主義先進文化，以更大力度推進文化改革發(fā)展，讓人民共享文化發(fā)展成果。我們要繼續(xù)大力保障和改善民生，堅定不移推進社會主義和諧社會建設(shè)，著力解決好人民最關(guān)心最直接最現(xiàn)實的利益問題，加強和創(chuàng)新社會管理，努力使全體人民學(xué)有所教、勞有所得、病有所醫(yī)、老有所養(yǎng)、住有所居，確保人民安居樂業(yè)、社會和諧穩(wěn)定。

胡錦濤指出，我們黨從成立之日起，就始終代表廣大青年、贏得廣大青年、依靠廣大青年。青年是祖國的未來、民5 族的希望，也是我們黨的未來和希望。黨對青年寄予厚望，人民對青年寄予厚望。全國廣大青年一定要永遠(yuǎn)熱愛我們偉大的祖國，永遠(yuǎn)熱愛我們偉大的人民，永遠(yuǎn)熱愛我們偉大的中華民族，讓青春在為黨和人民建功立業(yè)中煥發(fā)出絢麗光彩。

胡錦濤指出，９０年前，中國共產(chǎn)黨只有幾十個成員，國家貧窮落后，人民苦不聊生。今天，中國共產(chǎn)黨已經(jīng)擁有８０００多萬黨員，國家繁榮昌盛，人民幸福安康。９０年來，我們黨取得的所有成就都是依靠人民共同奮斗的結(jié)果，人民是真正的英雄，這一點我們永遠(yuǎn)不能忘記。我們完全有理由為黨和人民取得的一切成就而自豪，但我們沒有絲毫理由因此而自滿，我們決不能也決不會躺在過去的功勞簿上。

在本世紀(jì)上半葉，我們黨要團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)人民完成兩個宏偉目標(biāo)，這就是到中國共產(chǎn)黨成立１００年時建成惠及十幾億人口的更高水平的小康社會，到新中國成立１００年時建成富強民主文明和諧的社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家。我們肩膀上的擔(dān)子重、責(zé)任大。全黨同志要牢記歷史使命，永遠(yuǎn)保持謙虛、謹(jǐn)慎、不驕、不躁的作風(fēng)，永遠(yuǎn)保持艱苦奮斗的作風(fēng)，勇于變革、勇于創(chuàng)新，永不僵化、永不停滯，不動搖、不懈怠、不折騰，不為任何風(fēng)險所懼，不被任何干擾所惑，堅定不移沿著中國特色社會主義道路奮勇前進，更加奮發(fā)有為地團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全國各族人民創(chuàng)造自己的幸福生活和中華民族的美好6 未來！

第五篇：認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)胡錦濤重要講話 迎接十七大召開

認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)胡錦濤重要講話 迎接十七大召開 ——認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)胡錦濤總書記在中央黨校的重要講話之一

七一前夕，胡錦濤總書記在中央黨校發(fā)表重要講話，深刻闡述了事關(guān)黨和國家工作全局的若干重大問題。他強調(diào)，面對新形勢新任務(wù)，我們要堅持以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，繼續(xù)解放思想，堅持改革開放，推動科學(xué)發(fā)展，促進社會和諧，為奪取全面建設(shè)小康社會新勝利而奮斗。講話對于進一步統(tǒng)一全黨的思想認(rèn)識，開好黨的十七大，開創(chuàng)中國特色社會主義偉大事業(yè)的新局面，具有十分重要的指導(dǎo)意義。

值此黨的生日之際，又逢香港回歸祖國10周年紀(jì)念日。這讓我們撫今追昔，感慨萬千。中國共產(chǎn)黨深深扎根于中華民族之中，肩負(fù)著實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的莊嚴(yán)使命。黨成立以后的頭28年里，團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全國各族人民完成了民族獨立和人民解放的歷史任務(wù)，建立了人民當(dāng)家作主的新中國，為實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興創(chuàng)造了前提。新中國成立后的58年里，黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民創(chuàng)造性地完成了從新民主主義到社會主義的過渡，開始了在社會主義道路上實現(xiàn)民族復(fù)興的偉大征程。特別是黨開辟了建設(shè)中國特色社會主義的正確道路，賦予民族復(fù)興新的強大生機。新時期29年來，黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民取得了舉世矚目的輝煌成就，民族復(fù)興偉業(yè)展現(xiàn)出燦爛的前景。10年前香港回歸祖國，就是民族復(fù)興進程中的一個標(biāo)志性事件，是彪炳中華民族史冊的千秋功業(yè)。歷史無可辯駁地證明，中國共產(chǎn)黨為人民、為國家、為中華民族是立下了大功勞的；黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和執(zhí)政地位，就建立在黨為人民、為國家、為中華民族建立的豐功偉績之上。這是中國共產(chǎn)黨執(zhí)政的合法性的不可動搖的根基。

今天，我們黨正團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全國各族人民，堅定不移地走中國特色社會主義道路，在全面建設(shè)小康社會的征程上大步前進。胡錦濤總書記在6月25日的重要講話中指出，解放思想，是黨的思想路線的本質(zhì)要求，是我們應(yīng)對前進道路上各種新情況新問題、不斷開創(chuàng)事業(yè)新局面的一大法寶，必須堅定不移地加以堅持。改革開放，是解放和發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力、不斷創(chuàng)新充滿活力的體制機制的必然要求，是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的強大動力，必須堅定不移地加以推進?？茖W(xué)發(fā)展，社會和諧，是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的基本要求，是實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟社會又好又快發(fā)展的內(nèi)在需要，必須堅定不移地加以落實。全面建設(shè)小康社會，是我們黨和國家到2020年的奮斗目標(biāo)，是全國各族人民根本利益所在，必須堅定不移地為之奮斗。做到這四個堅定不移，對保持黨和國家事業(yè)順利發(fā)展的大局至關(guān)重要。我們要認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)和深刻領(lǐng)會胡錦濤總書記重要講話精神，牢牢記住并切實做到這四個堅定不移，清醒而又頑強地為實現(xiàn)黨的歷史使命而扎實奮斗、不懈奮斗。

今年下半年，將召開中國共產(chǎn)黨第十七次全國代表大會。黨的十七大，是在我國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展進入關(guān)鍵階段召開的一次重要會議，是全黨全國各族人民政治生活中的一件大事。開好十七大，對于我們清醒認(rèn)識當(dāng)今世界和當(dāng)代中國發(fā)展的大勢，全面把握我國發(fā)展的新要求和人民群眾的新期待，認(rèn)真總結(jié)我們黨治國理政的實踐經(jīng)驗，科學(xué)制定適應(yīng)時代要求和人民愿望的行動綱領(lǐng)和大政方針，從新的歷史起點出發(fā)，團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全國各族人民全面建設(shè)小康社會、加快推進社會主義現(xiàn)代化，具有十分重大的意義，必將掀開我們黨和國家歷史發(fā)展的新篇章，邁出實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的新步伐。黨的各級組織和全黨同志，一定要高舉鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想偉大旗幟，深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，全面推進社會主義經(jīng)濟建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)和黨的建設(shè)，以各項工作的優(yōu)異成績迎接黨的十七大勝利召開！

——認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)胡錦濤總書記在中央黨校的重要講話之二

關(guān)鍵是要抓好黨的自身建設(shè)

我們黨要帶領(lǐng)人民奪取全面建設(shè)小康社會新勝利，開創(chuàng)中國特色社會主義事業(yè)新局面，關(guān)鍵是要抓好黨的自身建設(shè)。必須堅持黨要管黨、從嚴(yán)治黨，繼續(xù)推進黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程。胡錦濤總書記在中央黨校重要講話中強調(diào)的這一重大思想，深刻論述了加強和改進黨的建設(shè)的極端重要性，進一步指明了黨的建設(shè)的前進方向。

在長期執(zhí)政的歷史條件下，建設(shè)什么樣的黨、怎樣建設(shè)黨是一個重大現(xiàn)實問題，直接關(guān)系到我們黨和國家的前途命運。堅持黨要管黨、從嚴(yán)治黨，推進黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程，是我們黨對這個重大現(xiàn)實問題的明確回答。在加快推進社會主義現(xiàn)代化的歷史進程中，我國發(fā)展既面臨著復(fù)雜的環(huán)境，又面對著繁重的任務(wù)，既面臨著前所未有的機遇，又面對著前所未有的挑戰(zhàn)。進一步加強黨的自身建設(shè)，繼續(xù)推進黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程，必須科學(xué)判斷和全面把握我們黨所處的歷史方位和肩負(fù)的歷史使命，以改革的精神加強和改進黨的建設(shè)，努力提高黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)水平和執(zhí)政水平，提高拒腐防變和抵御風(fēng)險能力，大力加強黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)和先進性建設(shè)，使我們黨始終充滿創(chuàng)造力、凝聚力、戰(zhàn)斗力，始終成為團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)人民建設(shè)中國特色社會主義的堅強領(lǐng)導(dǎo)核心。

抓好黨的自身建設(shè)，就要堅持推動全黨深入學(xué)習(xí)馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想，深入學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀。要加強黨的組織建設(shè)，造就高素質(zhì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子、干部隊伍和黨員隊伍。要繼續(xù)積極穩(wěn)妥、扎實有效地推進黨內(nèi)民主建設(shè)，堅持民主集中制，堅持黨員主體地位，完善黨內(nèi)民主制度，使黨內(nèi)民主意識普遍增強、黨內(nèi)民主制度不斷健全、黨的創(chuàng)造活力充分發(fā)揮。要全面加強黨的思想作風(fēng)、學(xué)風(fēng)、工作作風(fēng)、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作風(fēng)和干部生活作風(fēng)建設(shè)，大力改進學(xué)風(fēng)和文風(fēng)，反對形式主義、官僚主義和弄虛作假，反對奢侈浪費，使全黨同志特別是各級領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部更加自覺地堅持求真務(wù)實精神，更加自覺地堅持全心全意為人民服務(wù)的宗旨，更加自覺地堅持黨的群眾路線。要堅持權(quán)為民所用、情為民所系、利為民所謀，真誠傾聽群眾呼聲，真實反映群眾愿望，真情關(guān)心群眾疾苦，多為群眾辦好事、辦實事。

能否切實抓好反腐敗斗爭，關(guān)系黨和國家的生死存亡。各級黨委要充分認(rèn)識反腐敗斗爭的長期性、艱巨性、復(fù)雜性，把反腐倡廉建設(shè)放在更加突出的位置，堅持標(biāo)本兼治、綜合治理、懲防并舉、注重預(yù)防的方針，建立健全教育、制度、監(jiān)督并重的懲治和預(yù)防腐敗體系，在堅決懲治腐敗的同時，更加注重治本，更加注重預(yù)防，更加注重制度建設(shè)，加強領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部廉潔自律工作，堅決查辦違紀(jì)違法案件。加強和改進黨的自身建設(shè)，繼續(xù)推進黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程，全黨同志一定要清醒認(rèn)識，自覺實踐，保證我們黨永遠(yuǎn)充滿蓬勃生機和旺盛活力，推動黨和人民的事業(yè)不斷走向新的勝利。