欧美色欧美亚洲高清在线观看,国产特黄特色a级在线视频,国产一区视频一区欧美,亚洲成a 人在线观看中文

  1. <ul id="fwlom"></ul>

    <object id="fwlom"></object>

    <span id="fwlom"></span><dfn id="fwlom"></dfn>

      <object id="fwlom"></object>

      英文書信及格式

      時間:2019-05-14 17:13:33下載本文作者:會員上傳
      簡介:寫寫幫文庫小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《英文書信及格式》,但愿對你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助,當(dāng)然你在寫寫幫文庫還可以找到更多《英文書信及格式》。

      第一篇:英文書信及格式

      Changchun, Jilin, P.R.China November6, 2010 Dear Tina, Hello!I’m a Chinese boy.My English name is Ivan.I’m in No.108 Middle School.I’m in Class2, Grade3.My school is big and nice.There are many teachers in our school.They are kind to us and teach us well.In my school I have many good friends.They often help me.I like making friends.Do you want to be my friend? I hope to hear from you soon.All good wishes!Yours, Wang Dong

      1、稱呼語

      Dear Father, Dear Mom, Dear Uncle, Dear Tina, Dear Mrs.Smith, Dear Sir,2、客套語

      Best wishes to you.祝你/您安好!With best wishes.謹(jǐn)祝安好!With kind regards.謹(jǐn)致問候!Please give my best regards to your family.請代向家庭問好!All good wishes.萬事如意!All the best.祝一切安好!

      Remember me to your family.代我向你/您家庭問好!Hoping to hear from you soon.盼復(fù)!Thank you for your help.感謝幫助!

      3、結(jié)束語

      Yours,你/您的

      Yours sincerely,/Sincerely yours,你/您真誠的 Yours ever,/Ever yours,你/您永遠(yuǎn)的 Your loving mother,你親愛的母親 Your clever student,你聰明的學(xué)生

      第二篇:英文書信格式

      英文書信格式

      1、信頭(Heading)指發(fā)信人的姓名(單位名稱)、地址和日期,一般寫在信紙的右上角。一般公函或商業(yè)信函的信紙上都印有單位或公司的名稱、地址、電話號碼等,因此就只需在信頭下面的右邊寫上寫信日期就可以了。英文地址的寫法與中文完全不同,地址的名稱按從小到大的順序:第一行寫門牌號碼和街名;第二行寫縣、市、省、州、郵編、國名;然后再寫日期。標(biāo)點符號一般在每一行的末尾都不用,但在每一行的之間,該用的還要用,例如在寫日期的時候。日期的寫法,如2010年7月30日,英文為:July 30,2010(最為普遍); July 30th,2010;30th July,2010等。2010不可寫成10。

      2、信內(nèi)地址(Inside Address)在一般的社交信中,信內(nèi)收信人的地址通常省略,但是在公務(wù)信函中不能。將收信人的姓名、地址等寫在信頭日期下方的左角上,要求與對信頭的要求一樣,不必再寫日期。

      3、稱呼(Salutation)是寫信人對收信人的稱呼用語。位置在信內(nèi)地址下方一、二行的地方,從該行的頂格寫起,在稱呼后面一般用逗號(英國式),也可以用冒號(美國式)。(1)寫給親人、親戚和關(guān)系密切的朋友時,用Dear或My dear再加上表示親屬關(guān)系的稱呼或直稱其名(這里指名字,不是姓氏)。例如:My dear father,Dear Tom等。(2)寫給公務(wù)上的信函用Dear Madam,Dear Sir或Gentleman(Gentlemen)。注意:Dear純屬公務(wù)上往來的客氣形式。Gentlemen總是以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn),前不加Dear,是Dear Sir的復(fù)數(shù)形式。(3)寫給收信人的信,也可用頭銜、職位、職稱、學(xué)位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如:Dear Prof.Tim Scales, Dear Dr.John Smith。

      4、正文(Body of the Letter)位置在下面稱呼語隔一行,是信的核心部分。因此要求正文層次分明、簡單易懂。和中文信不同的是,正文中一般不用Hello?。愫茫。┱挠锌s進(jìn)式和齊頭式兩種。每段書信第一行的第一個字母稍微向右縮進(jìn)些,通常以五個字母為宜,每段第二行從左面頂格寫起,這就是縮進(jìn)式。但美國人寫信各段落往往不用縮進(jìn)式,用齊頭式,即每一行都從左面頂格寫起。商務(wù)信件大都采用齊頭式的寫法。

      5、結(jié)束語(Complimentary Close)在正文下面的一、二行處,從信紙的中間偏右處開始,第一個詞開頭要大寫,句末用逗號。不同的對象,結(jié)束語的寫法也不同。(1)寫給家人、親戚,用Your loving grandfather,Lovingly yours,Lovingly等;

      (2)寫給熟人、朋友,用Yours cordially,Yours affectionately等;

      (3)寫業(yè)務(wù)信函用Truely yours(Yours truely),F(xiàn)aithfully yours(Yours faithfully)等;

      (4)對上級、長輩用Yours obediently(Obediently yours),Yours respectfully(Respectfully yours)等。

      6、簽名(Signature)低于結(jié)束語一至二行,從信紙中間偏右的地方開始,在結(jié)束語的正下方,在簽完名字的下面還要有用打字機打出的名字,以便識別。職務(wù)、職稱可打在名字的下面。當(dāng)然,寫給親朋好友的信,就不必再打了。

      7、附言(Postscript)一封信寫完了,突然又想起遺漏的事情,這時用P.S.表示,再寫上遺漏的話即可,要長話短說。通常在信末簽名下面幾行的左方,應(yīng)于正文齊頭。注意:在正式的信函中,應(yīng)避免使用附言。

      8、附件(Enclosure)信件如果有附件,可在信紙的左下角,注上Encl:或Enc:,例如:Encl:2 photos(內(nèi)附兩張照片)。如果福建附件不止一項,應(yīng)寫成Encl:或Encs。我們有時可看到在稱呼與正文之間有Re:或Subject:(事由)字樣。一般在信紙的中間,也可與“稱呼”對齊。還應(yīng)在底下加橫線,以引起讀信人的注意,使收信人便于在讀信之前就可了解信中的主要內(nèi)容。事由一般在公務(wù)信函中使用,也可以省略。

      第三篇:英文書信格式

      一)英文書信的組成部分

      英文書信一般由六部分組成。即:信頭(Heading)、信內(nèi)地址(Inside Address),稱呼(Salutation),正文(Body of Letter)、結(jié)束語(Complimentary Close)、署名(Signature),有時在書信后面還有附言(Postscript)、附件(Enclosure),這得視具體情況而定。下面將分別說明。

      1.信頭(Heading)

      信頭是指寫信人的地址和寫信日期,一般寫在或打在第一面信紙的右上角,先寫地址再寫日期,地址的寫法是從小到大,先寫門牌號、路號,再寫區(qū)名、市名、省名,最后寫國名。時間的寫法對英國人和美國人而言是不同的。英國人習(xí)慣按日、月、年的順序?qū)懀绹肆?xí)慣按月、日、年的順序?qū)?。例如?英式:1st October,1999 美式:October 1,1999 在使用前一種形式時,月和年之間的逗號可用可不用,但是在后一種形式中,必需要使用逗號。

      信頭的寫法有縮進(jìn)式和齊頭式??s進(jìn)式每行開頭向右縮進(jìn)一兩個字母;齊頭式左邊對齊排列,如下所示: 縮進(jìn)式 Wang Ming Dept.of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 Liaoning Province P.R.China 齊頭式 Wang Ming Dept.of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 Liaoning Province P.R.China 2.信內(nèi)地址(Inside Address)信內(nèi)地址要寫出收信人的姓名和地址。一般給比較生疏的親友的信和公事信件要寫出信內(nèi)地址,而熟悉朋友可以省去這一步驟。信內(nèi)地址寫出在日期下一兩行的左上角,第一行寫收信人的稱呼姓名,然后寫出地址。地質(zhì)也是從小到大寫出,分縮進(jìn)式和齊頭式兩種。例如: 縮進(jìn)式

      The President Oxford University England 齊頭式 Jiang Bin 64Heping Road P.R.China 3.稱呼(Salutation)

      稱呼是對收信人的稱謂。在信內(nèi)地址下一兩行處頂格寫起,自成一行。末尾用逗號或冒號。

      (1)當(dāng)給一位熟悉的人寫信時可以用Dear 或是My Dear。在英國,My Dear 比Dear親切,而在美國,Dear比My Dear 親切。

      (2)當(dāng)給一位你不知婚否的女性寫信時,可以用Ms.……,這是指“……女士”。(3)在給不熟悉的人寫信時,可以用Dear sir, Dear Madam, Dear sirs, Gentleman 等等。

      4正文(Body of Letter)

      正文是一封信的主體部分。通常在稱呼的下一行寫出。正文也可采用齊頭式或縮進(jìn)式的方法。齊頭式是反映每段開頭一行和后面行并齊??s進(jìn)式是指每段的第一行向右縮進(jìn)幾個字母。信箋講究簡潔、效率。開頭幾句簡單地寒暄后就不如正題,在結(jié)尾處要有祝愿和敬語。常用的開頭語有:

      I have received your letter of July Ist.7月1 日來信已經(jīng)收悉。I have the pleasure to tell you that …….很高興告訴你……。

      I am very much delighted to receive your letter.非常高興收到你的來信。It is my honor to inform you that ……很榮幸告訴你……。常用的結(jié)束套話有:

      I am looking forward to hearing from you 盼早日回信。Wish best regards.祝好。

      Thank you for your help 感謝你的幫助!

      Wish my best wishes for your success.祝你成功。Wishing you a happy holiday.祝假日愉快!

      Hoping to hear from you soon.希望能盡快收到你的回信。

      5結(jié)束語(Complimentary Close)

      結(jié)束語在正文之后隔一兩行的偏右方開始寫出。開頭字母用大寫,以后的字母用小寫,最后一個詞后面用逗句。常用的結(jié)束語有: 一般非正式的關(guān)系: Yours sincerely, Yours truly, Yours faithfully, Most sincerely, Faithfully yours, 親密的關(guān)系: Love, Yours love, Yours Affectionately, With love, Lovingly yours, Yours ever, 上級和長者:

      Yours respectfully, Faithfully yours, 6署名(Signature)

      在結(jié)束語的下方是簽名,先手寫出,再打出來。如果收信人不認(rèn)識寫出信人,可以在署名前用括號標(biāo)出Mr.、Miss或Ms。在名稱下面可注上頭銜。如: Yours sincerely, Lucy Blake(手寫)Lucy Blake(Miss)(打印)Sales Manager 7附言(Postscript),附件(Enclosure)

      在信件正文寫作時可能漏掉了某些事,或臨時發(fā)生了某事需要補充時,可以在信下面左下方寫出上P.S.如果隨信有附件可在愛左下端注明。如: Enclosure:1.Invoice(發(fā)票)2.Resume(個人簡歷)

      (二)英文書信實例

      上面介紹了英文寫信的主要組成部分以及各部分的寫作特點,接下來我們將提供五種英文書信的范例。1祝賀信

      當(dāng)朋友有了喜事,如結(jié)婚、高升、獲獎的時候,你可以向他寫出一封祝賀信,表達(dá)你的囑咐與恭賀。

      例文1

      Mechanical Engineering Department Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 Liaoning,China November28,1999 Mr.WangXiming Mechanical Engineering Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Mass.02139 U.S.A.Dear Mr.Wang, Thank you for your letter of November 3,1999.I am sorry not to have written back earlier but time seems to pass so quickly.I learnt from your letter that you had received you master's degree.I would like to congratulate you on your splendid success.In this letter I am bringing you a piece of good news:your wife gave a birth of a boy last week and she ins in good health now.The baby weighed eight jin at birth.Yesterday my wife and some other neighbors went to the hospital to see your wife and to congratulate her on the birth.She told them that she had been nursed with the best care since she was in hospital.Now I'm taking the Visiting School Test in Beijing.If I pass the examination, I'll leave for America soon.If not, I'll wait for another chance.I've never been to the U.S.A., and I know little about the institutions and customs there.I hope that you will write to me and tell me more about them.With best regards to you and your classmates.Yours sincerely, Zhang Jiao 2 感謝信

      當(dāng)別人幫了你一個忙時,你應(yīng)該給他寫封信,以示感激。例文2

      Dear John: Thank you very much for the nice birthday present you have sent me!I have been longing for a dictionary for a long time.It will surly be very helpful to my study.It's very nice of you to remember my birthday.I'll make good use of the dictionary and I'll think of you with gratitude and affection every time I use it.Love, Sally 3邀請信

      當(dāng)邀請某位朋友參加活動,如交游、宴會時,可以寫一封邀請信。信的語氣應(yīng)該謙遜,熱情。例文3

      Dear Mr.Clark: We are wondering if you and Mrs.Clark want to have supper with us on Friday, January 21st at seven o'clock? James and I are looking forward with great pleasure to seeing you and Mrs.Clark.We do hope you can come.Sincerely yours, Lucy Wheeler 4 申請信

      當(dāng)申請一項工作,或是申請一個學(xué)校留學(xué)時,都應(yīng)該使用申請信。申請信應(yīng)該簡潔、明確、如實地反映你的才能、成績、愿望和目標(biāo)。例文4

      下面是一封申請留學(xué)的書信:

      The Department of Civil Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 Liaoning Province P.R.China November 20,1999 Prof.Steeve Hunter The Dept.Of Civil Engineering **** University New Your, NY 10017 U.S.A Dear Professor Steeve Hunter, I have for many years cherished the hope of studying civil engineering under your personal guidance as a graduate student in your university, to which your name has added so much luster.I was enrolled to study civil engineering in the Department of Civil Engineering Of Zhejiang University in September 1992.I graduated from Zhejiang University in July 1996.And ever since my graduation, I have been teaching in the Department of Civil Engineering of Dalian University of Technology.If you could tell the necessany procedure of taking the graduate course of your department, I will be very grateful to you.I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.Sincerely yours, Zhao Hui(手寫)Zhao Hui(打?。┭a充回答: 經(jīng)典范文:

      Dear My Friend, How are you? Do you want to know about my English study?OK,I will tell you.I study English at Sunday afternoon at two o'clock.I study JianQiao English.And,last Saterday I took part in the Public English Test.I think I can pass.And,next Monday,my school will have an English words test.I want to take part in.I am sure,I can win.Well,it's late.In the end of my letter,I put my best wishes for you!Please write to me soon!Yours, Jackyanbo

      第四篇:常用英文書信

      第十三章

      常 用 英 語 文 書

      第二節(jié)

      常用英文書信

      【例文13-2-1】

      推薦信

      October 2l,2006 To Whom It May Concern:

      Miss Li Yuanyuan worked as a secretary in this company for three years;from 2000 to 2003.She is good at typing and shorthand and has fulfilled her other duties well.

      As her immediate supervisor for the last two years,I can state that she is a very good secretary.She is hard—working and p1easant and well—1iked by the other members of our staff She now wants to move on to job with more responsibility and higher pay,for which she is surely qualified.

      I can give her a wholehearted recommendation.Very truly yours,Zhang Zheyuan [譯文] 有關(guān)人士:

      李媛媛小姐從2000年至2003年在本公司擔(dān)任秘書工作達(dá)三年之久。她打字及速記能力極強,其他的工作也做得很好。作為她二年來的直接領(lǐng)導(dǎo),我可以說她是一位的優(yōu)秀的秘書。

      她工作勤奮,待人和善,深受公司同事的尊愛。她現(xiàn)在想轉(zhuǎn)做責(zé)任更大、薪水較高的工作。她確實有此資格。

      本人衷心地推薦她。

      張哲元

      2006年10月21日

      【例文13-2-2】 求職信 October,2005 Dear Sir, I would like to apply for the position as civil engineer advertised in yesterday’s China

      Daily.I was born in 1970 and graduated from ×× university.My major was civil engineering.I have been a civil engineering with Mr.Evans Smith, General Manager of the Universal Railway Co.

      If these meet you requirements, please grant me an interview. Thank you in advance for your early reply.

      Yours faithfully,Liu Bin [譯文] 親愛的先生:

      看了昨日《中國日報》的廣告,我想申請土木工程師一職,我出生于1970年,畢業(yè)于 ××大學(xué),主修土木工程,一直在宇宙鐵路公司總經(jīng)理伊萬斯〃史密斯處任橋梁工程師。

      如上述條件尚能符合貴公司的要求,請約期面談。盼能早日回信,不勝感激。

      您的恭順的 劉斌

      2005年10月10日

      【例文13-2-3】

      申請信

      Sep.15,2006 The secretary ×× Water Conservancy Society Dear sirs,As I have g1adly heard that your society has done excellent work ever once it foundation and enjoys high prestige both at home and abroad,I deem it a great honour to become one of its members.

      I graduated from the water conservancy department of××University in1998,when l was engaged as an assistant by×× Research Institute.In 2001,I joined the Water Conservancy Of ××Province.In the Past 8 years since my graduation,I have written two books On key water control project and four papers on hydraulic engineering and other subject.I always feel that on many occasions my individual efforts were not adequate to overcome the difficulties in research work.More often than not I had to ask for help and support from others.In order to 1earn from senior colleagues,to obtain their guidance,cooperation and coordination,to keep up with the rapidly developing situation in water conversancy,I hope to join your association if l am eligible for membership. shall be much obliged if you will be so kind as to let me have by return mail a copy of your regulations together with an application form for me to fill in.

      Your prompt to my request will be highly appreciated.

      Sincerely yours,Liu Xishan

      Encls:2books and five essays by me [譯文] ××水利學(xué)會秘書 親愛的先生們:

      我非常高興地聽說,貴會自成立以來工作成績卓著,在國內(nèi)外享有盛名。因此,我認(rèn)為加入貴會是莫大的榮譽。

      本人于1998年畢業(yè)于××大學(xué)水利系,后受聘××研究所,擔(dān)任助理。2001年進(jìn)入××省水利學(xué)會,從事研究工作。畢業(yè)后8年來,我先后發(fā)表了兩本有關(guān)水利樞紐的專著和四篇論述水利工程學(xué)和其他題目的文章。我一向覺得,我過去在許多情況下單憑個人的努力是難于克服研究工作中的某些困難,我經(jīng)常要請其他人幫助和支援。為了向前輩學(xué)習(xí),取得他們的指導(dǎo)、合作和配合,跟上水利方面日新月異的飛躍發(fā)展形勢,我希望能加入貴會,成為會員。

      盼您回信寄來有關(guān)事項的規(guī)定和入會申請表。此事煩您費心,不勝感激之至。

      您的誠摯的 劉西山

      2006年9月15日

      附件:我的兩本著作和五篇論文

      【例文13-2-4】 辭職信

      Sep.10, 2006 Dear Mr.Li,It was with mixed felling that I submit my resignation as manager for our corporation.Because of the confidence you have shown in my ability to take on new assignments,my six years with the corporation have been a time of growth and challenge.

      As an engineer, I want to gain additional experience in other areas of irrigation works.I now have that opportunity and will be leaving the corporation on April 7.

      I appreciate the support and encouragement you have given me during the years when I have worked under your leadership.

      Yours truly,Zhan Tao [譯文] 親愛的李先生:

      我作為本公司的經(jīng)理,此刻向您提出辭職,心情十分復(fù)雜。由于您充分信任我的能力,使我擔(dān)當(dāng)各種新的工作,所以我在公司的六年,是不斷成長和接受挑戰(zhàn)的六年。

      作為一名工程師,我想在水利工程的其他領(lǐng)域獲得新的經(jīng)驗。而現(xiàn)在,我正好有了這樣的機會,故此才提出辭職,并決定于4月7日離開公司。

      我在您領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下工作的這些年里,您給予我不少支持和鼓勵,本人在此深表謝意。

      詹濤 敬上

      2006年9月10日

      【例文13-2-5】 邀請信

      Nov.14, 2006 Dear professor Fishman, The Academic Conference on water resource utilization sponsored by ×× Water conservancy association well be held in Shenzhen from 6th to tenth October 2003.We take great pleasure in inviting you to attend the Conference.Your hotel accommodation meals will be borne by ours, but we will not pay for your air fare.If you have any paper or topics on which you would like to give talks, please inform me as soon as possible as the programmer is being finalized soon.Please confirm your participation at your earliest convenience.With kind regards,Yours truly,Prof.Zhao Yumeng

      Secretary of the Conference [譯文]

      親愛的費希曼先生:

      由××水利協(xié)會舉辦的水資源利用學(xué)術(shù)研討會將于2003年10月6日到10日在深圳進(jìn)行。我們高興地邀請您參加會議。您的食宿將由我們負(fù)擔(dān),機票自理。

      如果您有論文提交會議或?qū)δ痴n題要作發(fā)言的話,請盡快告知我們,因為會議將很快確定日程。

      請盡早回復(fù)告知您參加與否。此祝 安好!

      大會秘書 趙雨朦 教授

      2006年11月14日

      【例文13-2-6】 祝賀信 Dear Mr.Green, Im very glad to know that you have opened Water Conservancy and Installation Company and it starting its business today.I would like to add my congratulations to the many you must be receiving.With your brilliant background and long record of fine business, I’m sure the new company will be a great success and more prosperous day by day.My heartiest congratulation!

      Yours truly,Zhao Yangliu [譯文] 親愛的格林先生:

      ,欣聞你創(chuàng)辦的水利安裝公司今天開業(yè)。你一定收到了許多賀信,我也向你祝賀。我堅信,你的豐厚基礎(chǔ),你所取得的良好經(jīng)營業(yè)績,會使你的公司欣欣向榮,蒸蒸日上。

      致以最衷心的祝賀!

      你的真誠的朋友

      趙楊柳 敬祝

      【例文13-2-7】 感謝信

      July 28, 2006 Dear Mrs.Zhao Xiangmin,I’m writing to thank you for those two wonderful days in Beijing.I will always remember this visit.Before I arrived, I was a little anxious.But I had no need to worry.you gave me a very warm help and I soon felt at home.I will never forget your kindness and hospitality.And thank you, also, for arranging so many interesting things.The visits to the Great Wall, The thirteen Reservoir were unforgettable.It was very kind of you to do all this for me and I appreciate it more than I can say.Yours sincerely,Paula [譯文] 親愛的趙向民女士:

      寫這封信是為了感謝您在北京給我們帶來的兩天美好的時光,我將永遠(yuǎn)記住這次訪問。在我到達(dá)之前,我有一點擔(dān)心。但我的擔(dān)心是多余的,因為你給了我熱情的幫助,使我感到如同回到了家里。我將永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記您的友好和好客。同時,我也要感謝您為我們安排了令人難忘的游玩,長城、十三陵水庫讓我永記。非常感謝您為我所做的一切,我的感謝無法用言語來表達(dá)。

      您的誠摯的朋友 保羅

      2006年7月28日

      【例文13-2-8】 慰問信 Dear Mr.Wang,I am very sorry to 1earn from the newspaper that widespread flooding is affecting large areas of your hometown.I was not able to give you any help owing distance,and I sincerely trust you all managed to tide over a difficulty without injury.

      Hope to hear of your safety and to see you soon.

      Truly yours,Li Ming [譯文] 親愛的王先生:

      今閱報驚悉洪水淹沒了你家鄉(xiāng)的大部分地區(qū)。我因居所遠(yuǎn)隔,未能赴援。唯盼全家度過難關(guān),無所損傷。

      甚盼獲悉足下平安,并早日一見。

      你誠摯的李明

      【例文13-2-9】 介紹信

      China Service April 15,2007 Bureau of water conservancy Gentleman.in Charge,The bearer of this letter is Mr.Zhang Wen,who is entrusted with task of making the necessary arrangement with you for our going to your bureau to attend the report on the new technology utilization of rainfall flood resources.[譯文]

      茲介紹張文先生前往你處,聯(lián)系有關(guān)前往你局聽取有關(guān)雨水和洪水資源利用新技術(shù)報告事宜,請予接洽為盼。

      此致

      2007年4月15日

      【例文13-2-10】 證明信 To whom it many concern: This is to certify that Mr.Li Qiang has been employed in our company as an engineer for the period from 1st July, 2002, up to date.He has faithfully attended to his duties and has proved himself to be industrious and thoroughly reliable.Sincerely yours, Wang Dong [譯文]

      茲證明李強先生自2002年7月至今受聘于我公司任工程師一職,任職期間,他忠于職守,工作勤奮,為人誠實可靠。

      證明人:王東

      第五篇:如何寫英文書信

      如何寫英文書信

      第一節(jié) 書信概述

      英語書信可大致分為正式信件和非正式信件兩大類。正式信件包括商業(yè)書信(如日常商業(yè)信、有關(guān)商品和服務(wù)的信等)、社會交往書信(如邀請信、感謝信等)和公證信(如證明信、委拖書等)。非正式信件指私人信件,如家信、給家屬、朋友的信等。

      書信是交流信息傳遞情感最常用的方式之一。要寫好一封英文書信并不容易,除了必須掌握英語的文法及語言特點之外,還得掌握英文書信特有的格式。

      英語書信的語言特點可以歸結(jié)為Seven Cs原則。Clearness(明了)、Conciseness(簡潔)、Correctness(準(zhǔn)確)、Courtesy(禮貌)、Character(個性)、Completeness(完整)、和Candor(坦城)。

      一、書信的格式(The letter styles)

      英文書信的格式一般有四種,即齊頭式(Full block style)、半齊頭式(Semi-block style)、縮進(jìn)式(Indented style)和半縮進(jìn)式(Semi-indented style)。

      1、齊頭式(Full block style)在齊頭式英文書信中,信頭、信內(nèi)地址、稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語、簽名等都從左邊頂格開始。例如: 95 Hill Road Evanston, Illinoise

      August 2, 2004

      Anthony Walton, Esq.Marketing &Development Manager Tri-Wall Containers Ltd.One Mount Street London,WIY5AA

      Dear Mr.Walton,F(xiàn)illing system catalogue We should be grateful for these copies of your current catalogues.We are particularly interested in filing cabinets.Your sincerely,Managing Director

      2、半齊頭式(Semi-block style)寫信人的地址、日期和結(jié)束語、簽名寫到中間靠右的地方,其余部分從左邊頂格開始。例如: 15 Avenue Street Bessemer, Alabama U.S.A

      February 3, 2004

      Dr.David Peters State Insurance Corporation 345 Hightower Boulevard Prince Town, US 12345

      Dear Dr.Peters

      On the advent of the new year I wish you a merry Christmas and a bright and prosperous new year!

      May our pleasant relations continue to expand in the year to come.Sincerely yours,P.Y.liang Manager

      3、縮進(jìn)式(Indented style)在縮進(jìn)式中,寫信人地址、日期、收信人地址、結(jié)尾語和簽名的排列,每一行都比上一行縮進(jìn)1~2格。正文每段起行都縮進(jìn)5個字母。例如: 20 High Street London SW1HOET Britain March 30,2004

      Mr R Jameson 25 Silverthorn Gardens BATH Somerset BA29AN Britain

      Dear Mr Jameson ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????.?????????????????????????????? ???????????????.Very truly yours, J.P.Harvey

      4、縮進(jìn)式(Semi-indented style)寫信人的地址、日期、結(jié)尾語和簽名寫在右邊,收信人的地址、附件從左邊頂格寫起,信的正文每一段落起行都縮進(jìn)5個字母。例如: Ms Barbars Edwards 26 West Avenue London NW220ET Britain April 30,2004

      Mr James William Minister of Foreign Trade San Francisco, California 94122 U.S.A.Dear Mr William, ??????????????????????????????????

      ???????????????.????????????????????????????????????

      ???????????????.Yours sincerely, Ms.Edwards

      二、書信的構(gòu)成(The parts of letters)

      書信由以下幾個部分組成:

      1、信頭(Heading)

      信頭是指寄信人的單位名稱,地址和寫信日期。信頭的順序一般為:單位名稱、門牌號碼和街道名稱、城(鎮(zhèn))名、省(州)名、郵政編碼、國名和寫信日期。正式信件的完整信頭應(yīng)包括發(fā)信人的地址和寫信日期。位置一般在信紙的右上角。若用印有信頭的信紙,則打上寫信日期即可。私人信件或非正式信件的信頭只需保留寫信日期。日期中的月份應(yīng)完整拼出,不宜縮寫。如:英式日期:14th August, 2004和美式日期October 8, 2004 不可寫成 14th Aug.和Oct.8, 2004。

      信頭有齊頭式和縮進(jìn)式兩種寫法,與信封上的寄信人的姓名和地址的寫法相同。

      2、信內(nèi)地址(Inside Address)

      信內(nèi)地址指收信人的姓名和地址,包括單位名稱、門牌號碼和街道名稱、城(鎮(zhèn))名、?。ㄖ荩┟?、郵政編碼和國名,與信封上的收信人的地址的寫法相同。信內(nèi)地址位于信紙的左邊頂格寫起,低于寄信人地址和寫信日期一至兩行。

      信內(nèi)地址也有齊頭式和縮進(jìn)式兩種寫法,與信封上的收信人姓名和地址的寫法相同。例1:

      (信頭Heading)123 Third Avenue New York, NY 10017 U.S.A.June 4, 2004(信內(nèi)地址Inside Address)Mr.William X.Johnson University of Ohio 316 Evergreen Street Freedom City ,Ohio 57632 U.S.A 例2.

      (信頭Heading)Li Ming Zhongnan University of Technology 1 Xueyuan Road Hengyang,Hunan421001 P.R.China

      November,20,1999

      (信內(nèi)地址Inside Address)Dr.David Peters State Insurance Corporation 345 Hightower Boulevard Prince Town, US 12345

      3、稱呼(Salutation)

      稱呼寫在低于信內(nèi)地址一至二行的地方,從信紙的左邊頂格寫起,與信內(nèi)地址第一行齊平。

      稱呼用語通常根據(jù)寫信人和收信人的關(guān)系而定。寫給關(guān)系一般的個人信:Dear Mr.Smith; Dear Prof.Tom;

      Dear President Sherwood Scott等。寫給熟人或親朋好友的信:Dear Smith,My dear Ederward等。

      寫給政府機關(guān)、社會團(tuán)體、公司等的公函:Gentlemen,(Dear)sir(s)。

      收信人是女性:(Dear)Madam,My dear Madam,My dear Mesdames(復(fù)數(shù))。

      名譽頭銜,如M.D.(醫(yī)學(xué)博士),Ph.D.(哲學(xué)博士),M.A.(文學(xué)碩士), M.D.(理學(xué)士)等要放在姓名后面,并用逗號與姓名隔開,如William New, M.D.。其他頭銜,如Mr.Charles Zhang, Cashier。收信人為普通大眾或一組人時,可采用下列方式稱呼: Dear Readers: 親愛的讀者: Dear Guest: 親愛的旅客: Dear Customer: 親愛的顧客:

      4、信的正文(Body of the letter)信的正文就是書信的內(nèi)容,也是書信的主體。

      英語正文位于收信人的稱呼下方,與稱呼隔一至兩行。正文的格式主要有齊頭式和縮行式。正式書信無論采用哪一種格式,段與段之間都應(yīng)空一行,表示分段。

      就正文的內(nèi)容而言,寫事務(wù)信件時,一般應(yīng)該開門見山,簡明扼要,條理清楚,直截了當(dāng)?shù)恼f明寫信的目的。如果信的正文較長,一頁紙不夠用,從第二頁起不要用印有信頭的信紙,用與第一頁大小和顏色一樣的白紙。

      5、結(jié)束語(Complimentary Close)

      結(jié)束語是寫信人對收信人的一種謙稱,相當(dāng)于漢語的“此致,敬禮”、“XX謹(jǐn)啟”等。結(jié)束語只占一行,低于正文一至兩行。結(jié)束語的第一個詞的第一字母要大寫,末尾用逗號。英語書信中結(jié)束語的種類很多,使用何種結(jié)束語,通常根據(jù)寫信人和收信人的關(guān)系而定。主要有下列幾種不同用法:

      收信人地位或輩分高:Respectfully yours, Yours respectfully, Most sincerely yours, 一般:

      Sincerely, Sincerely yours, Yours sincerely, Faithfully, Faithfully yours, Yours faithfully, Truly, Truly yours, Yours truly, 親密友好: Love, With love, Loving, Your loving, As always, As ever, Affectionately, Affectionately yours,6、簽名(Signature)

      簽名即寫信人的署名,通常包括手簽的姓名、打印的姓名和頭銜三項內(nèi)容,前兩項必須包括,后一項則根據(jù)需要選擇。簽名位于結(jié)束語的下面一至兩行。親筆簽名須放在打字姓名的上面。

      7、附件(Enclosure)

      當(dāng)信件有附件時,應(yīng)在簽名下方左下角注明(Enclosures)或它的縮寫形式Encl.或Enc.附件兩(份)以上應(yīng)寫明具體數(shù)目。例如: Enclosure: Catalogue附目錄 Enc.: Invoices 5附發(fā)票5張

      8、又及(Postscript)

      又及又稱再啟或附言,用于補敘遺漏的話,通常以縮寫形式P.S.出現(xiàn)。又及與信的正文左端對齊,低于簽名部分二至四行。

      以上八項內(nèi)容中,第一至第六項內(nèi)容是英語信函的主要組成部分,一般不可缺少。第七項和第八項則視情況而定。

      三、信封的寫法

      英語信封的寫法與漢語不同。寫英語信封時,要先在信封正面的左上角寫上寄信人的姓名和地址。順序一般為:姓名、單位名稱、門牌號碼和街道名稱、城(鎮(zhèn))名、?。ㄖ荩┖?、郵政編碼和國名。在信封正面中央寫上收信人的姓名和地址,順序與寄信人的姓名和地址相同。信封一般用打字機打出,可在收信人姓名前加上TO;在發(fā)信人姓名前加上FROM。例如:

      (From)Li Ming, English Department of Shanghai University, Shanghai, 201800 P.R.China

      (To)Prof.Bradley A.Smith, College of English, Emporia State University, 1200 Commercial Emporia, Kansas 66801 U.S.A.By Air Mail 書寫信封時注意以下幾點: 1)目前信封的寫法多為齊頭式。

      2)如果想說明信件的類別,投遞方式以及其他有關(guān)情況,可在信封左上角(即寄信人姓名和地址的下面)或左下角寫上說明語。常見的說明語有:Registered(掛號信),Double-Registered(雙掛號信), By Air Mail(航空信), Immediate(急件), Express(快信), Ordinary Mail(平信), Confidential(機密), Printed Matter(印刷品), Sample Post(樣品郵件), Manuscript(稿件), Photos Enclosed(內(nèi)有照片), Photographs, Please Do Not Bend(內(nèi)附照片,請勿折疊),With Parcel(packet)(另附包裹), Private(私人信,親啟)和Personal(個人信,私函)等。其中,Private, Personal和Confidential等說明語通常寫在信封的左下角。例如: Ma Chun 15 Jiefang Road Hengyang, Hunan 421001

      寄信人姓名地址

      People’s Republic of China

      Registered(掛號信)

      Mr.John Warner English Language Institute

      收信人

      University of Pittsburgh 姓名地址 Pittsburgh,PA 15213 U.S.A Personal(私函)

      3)如果信件寄給第三者,再由第三者轉(zhuǎn)交給收信人,則在收信人姓名后(后一行)先寫上C/O(=care of, 表示“由??轉(zhuǎn)交”), 然后再寫上轉(zhuǎn)交人的姓名,地址則變?yōu)檗D(zhuǎn)交人的地址。例如: Ma Chun 15 Jiefang Road Hengyang, Hunan 421001

      寄信人姓名地址

      People’s Republic of China

      Registered(掛號信)

      Mr.John Warner C/O Mr.Harold Wood Department of Chemical Engineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA 15213 U.S.A 美國賓夕法尼亞州匹茲堡大學(xué)機械系 哈羅德?伍德先生轉(zhuǎn)交 約翰?魏納先生收。

      4)如果信件不是通過郵寄,而是托某某轉(zhuǎn)交,則信封上不寫收信人的地址,只寫收信人的姓名,然后在收信人姓名后(后一行)先寫上Kindness of, Politeness of, 或Through(By)Courtesy of等詞語(這些詞語均意為“請??轉(zhuǎn)交”),再寫帶信人的姓名。例如: Mr.John Warner Kindness of Mr.Harold Wood 敬請哈羅德?伍德先生轉(zhuǎn)交約翰?魏納先生

      也可只寫收信人姓名,而不寫帶信人姓名,這時,需要在收信人姓名之前(上面一行)寫上Please Forward(請轉(zhuǎn)交??),例如: Please Forward Mr.John Hobart 請轉(zhuǎn)交約翰?霍巴特先生

      第二節(jié) 社交信函

      社交信函也稱禮節(jié)性書信。

      社交信函包括的范圍很廣,按內(nèi)容與功能分,有歡迎信、感謝信、祝賀信、慰問信、道歉信、邀請信、介紹信、推薦信等等。

      社交信函在英文書信中占很大比例,使用人數(shù)較多,應(yīng)用范圍較廣。每一封社交書函都有一個特定而明確的目的。此類書信一般都開門見山,中肯切題,不涉及與該目的無關(guān)之事。

      一、歡迎信(Letters of Welcome)

      寫歡迎信的目的主要是為了建立友好關(guān)系。寫歡迎信應(yīng)注意以下幾點: 1)語氣熱情友好,使對方感到親切溫暖。

      2)應(yīng)首先向?qū)Ψ奖硎練g迎和問候,并可簡要介紹本方情況及對未來的展望。

      3)結(jié)尾時可再次對對方表示歡迎。例信1: Dear friends,Welcome to our school.We are glad to have such a group of experienced teachers visiting us.We are sure the exchange of views among us will promote the friendly relationship between China and America.Finally, I hope you will enjoy your stay in China, make new friends and take away memories of a pleasant, productive day.After your visit, we sincerely hope you will give us your valuable suggestions.Sincerely yours,二、感謝信(Letters of thanks)

      感謝信是社交書信中極常見的一種,是受到對方某種恩惠,如受到邀請、接待、慰問、收到禮品及得到幫助之后,而表態(tài)感謝的信函。感謝信的形式和內(nèi)容視你受惠的程度以及你與收信人的關(guān)系的密切程度而定,簡單隨和的感謝信用一句話就能表明意思。寫作時要注意以下幾點: 1)措辭要自然,誠懇親切,語氣應(yīng)謙恭有禮。2)一開始就表示感謝之意,再說明感謝的原因。

      3)使用些恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~表示對收信人提供的幫助或贈送的禮品的贊美,但不可言過其實。

      4)感謝信盡量用手寫,這顯得更有誠意。例信2: Dear Christina,Thank you very much for inviting us to your lovely party last night.We enjoyed the delicious dinner and delightful conversation very much..It was so thoughtful of you to think of us.We hope we can have you over to our house soon.With love, Mike 例信3: Dear Sirs

      Thank you for your letter of June4, enclosing an account of the organization and work of your Chamber of Commerce and Industry.We are very grateful for such a detailed account of your activities.This information is certain to help increase our future cooperation.Yours faithfully

      三、祝賀信(Letters of Congratulations)

      祝賀信是親朋好友之間喜慶祝賀及建立保持良好商業(yè)關(guān)系時的一種信函,如用于祝賀重大節(jié)日、訂婚、結(jié)婚、生子、受獎、喬遷、提升等。這類祝賀信除了表示喜悅之情和祝賀之意外,就是增強彼此的感情,所以文字自然輕松,沒有拘泥之感。寫祝賀信時要注意以下幾點: 1)開門見山交待值得祝賀的事,并表達(dá)自己的祝賀之情。2)進(jìn)一步說明自己對值得祝賀之事的評價和自己的真切體會。3)在信的結(jié)尾處再次表示祝賀及對收信人貼切的稱贊。例信4:(祝賀生日)Dear Mike,Here is a word of cheer for your 30th birthday from your old friend.My entire family joins me in sending you sincere and kind wishes.Please accept the small gift I am sending you as a token of my best wishes for your happy birthday.Sincerely yours, Robin 例信5:(祝賀提升)Dear Mr.Minister

      Allow me to convey my congratulations on your promotion to Minister of Trade, I am delighted that many years service you have given to your country should have been recognized and appreciated.It has been a pleasure working with one as competent as you.I have always felt that you handle the problems we sent you exceptionally well.We are looking forward to your trip to China next month when we can celebrate your advancement in a more formal way.Wish you continued success.‘

      Sincerely yours

      四、慰問信(Letters of Consolation)

      慰問信是對別人發(fā)生的不幸(如朋友生病、受傷、家人喪亡、遭受物質(zhì)上的損失或是生意失敗等)表示問候、慰勉、關(guān)切、同情和鼓勵的一種書信。這類信應(yīng)當(dāng)誠懇而簡短,語氣要沉緩,切忌言語花哨而無實際內(nèi)容。例信6: Dear Ann,I can’t tell you how sorry I was to learn of your accident.But your sister tells me you will leave the hospital in two days.I’m certainly relieved to hear that!

      I hope the flowers will brighten the room and cheer you up a little.Love 例信7: Dear Jane,I’m very regretful to hear of your failure in the final examination.I know you must feel discouraged.But that is not necessary.I know you are a hardworking student.I’d like to suggest that you should always ask “why ”.If you are not clear about the points in your study, review them or write them down and ask your teachers or classmates.I’m sure you’ll catch up with the other students next term.Please feel free to ask for my help if you need it.Yours

      五、道歉信(Letters of Apology)

      生活中,由于我們的疏忽或是不當(dāng)行為給他人造成了傷害或財產(chǎn)損失,我們都需要向當(dāng)事人道歉,說明原由,爭取對方的諒解或賠償對方的損失。道歉信言辭要懇切真誠。在寫這種信時要注意以下幾點: 1)開門見山真切地說出道歉的原因。

      2)提出對己造成的傷害和財產(chǎn)損失的具體彌補措施。3)結(jié)尾段要再次表明歉意,請求收信人的諒解。例信8: Dear Mary,I am writing to you with some embarrassment and many apologies.Remember when I promised to call you last month? Well, unfortunately I was called away on business, and in the rush forgot to do as I had promised.I’m very sorry about this.I’ll be very careful next time.Sincerely yours,六、邀請信(Letters of Invitations)

      邀請信分為正式和非正式兩種。正式的邀請信,即請柬,格式嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),有固定程式,用第三人稱書寫;非正式邀請信格式要求不如請柬那么嚴(yán)格,用第一人稱書寫,稱呼也教自由。寫請柬時要注意以下幾點: 1)第一排寫主人的名字。主人若是以夫婦的名義發(fā)出邀請的,第一排就得寫夫婦兩人的名字。

      2)被邀請者的姓名寫在第三排,被邀請的若是一對夫婦,也應(yīng)寫全夫婦兩人的名字。

      3)請柬上每句話后的標(biāo)點都省略不用。

      4)在請柬的左下角標(biāo)明“R.S.V.P.”,表示請柬需要被邀請人回復(fù)。有的請柬的右下角還標(biāo)有“formal”的字樣,被邀請人就應(yīng)穿正式場合穿的衣服。

      5)出席婚禮的邀請信,一般以新郎或新娘父母的名義發(fā)出。正式的請柬和非正式的邀請信都以提前兩周寄出最為理想。例信9:(婚禮請柬)Mr.And Mrs.Charles Robert Oldname request the honor of your presence at the marriage of their daughter Pauline Marie to Mr.John Fredrick Hamilton Saturday, the twenty-ninth of April At four o’clock

      Church of the Heavenly Rest New York 茲定于四月二十九日(星期六)下午四時在紐約天安教堂為小女玻琳?瑪利與約翰?弗雷德里克?漢密爾頓先生舉行婚禮,恭請光臨。查爾撕?羅伯特?奧德內(nèi)姆夫婦謹(jǐn)定

      例信10)(邀請共度周末)Dear Mike,I hope you and Tom don’t have any plans for the weekend of July 20th, because we ’d like you to spend it with us at Park Beach.The ocean is beautiful at this time of the year.Maria and I both very eager to have you there, so don’t disappoint us!

      Affectionately yours, Karl 親愛的邁克:

      我希望7月20號那個周末你和湯姆沒有其他計劃,因為我們想邀請你們到帕克海灘來共度周末。每年此時,大海都有很美。我和瑪麗亞都希望你能去??柧瓷?/p>

      七、介紹信(Letters of Introduction)

      介紹信是使本來互不相識的人相互認(rèn)識的一種書信,主要介紹收信人和被介紹人之間進(jìn)行業(yè)務(wù)交往,實質(zhì)上是墾請對方給予第三者以照顧和幫助,適用于社交活動和業(yè)務(wù)活動中。

      介紹信可分為業(yè)務(wù)介紹信、私人介紹信和特殊介紹信(亦稱推薦信)。語言應(yīng)簡潔明了,篇幅簡短。一般由三部分組成:

      1)簡要介紹被介紹人的姓名以及介紹人與被介紹人之間的關(guān)系。2)詳細(xì)介紹被介紹人的簡歷以及被介紹人的要求。3)最后表示希望得到對方的幫助并致以問候和謝意。例信11: Dear Mike, I have the great pleasure to introduce to you the bearer of this letter, Mr.Green, a sales manager of ABC Software Co.Ltd.He is a personal friend of mine and is visiting your city to make a market investigation.I shall be much obliged if you could give him the benefits of your advice and wxperience.Yours faithfully, John 親愛的邁克:

      茲介紹持信人格林先生來你處。格林先生是ABC軟件有限公司的銷售經(jīng)理,而且是我個人的一位朋友,他將去做市場調(diào)查。

      若能給他提供建議并對他工作予以指導(dǎo)的話,我將萬分感激。約翰敬上 2002年11月1日

      八、推薦信(Letters of Recommendation)

      推薦信是向有關(guān)單位或個人推薦人才的信件,它屬于特殊介紹信但又不同于介紹信。寫推薦信的人或單位必須對被推薦者有一定的了解。另外,寫推薦信的人最好有較深的資歷,如被推薦者的原單位領(lǐng)導(dǎo),本行業(yè)的專家等,知名度越大越好。推薦信一般分為兩種:專用推薦信(特意為被推薦人申請某一職務(wù)而寫)和通用推薦信(即同一封推薦信可用于不同的招聘單位)。

      撰寫推薦信時,要充分肯定被推薦人的成績,突出被推薦人的技能和優(yōu)勢,篇幅不宜過長,但也不能三言兩語,草草了事。推薦信一般包括以下三個內(nèi)容:

      1)說明推薦人與被推薦人的關(guān)系、熟識程度等; 2)概述被推薦人的能力、品質(zhì)及性格等有關(guān)情況; 3)建議聘方錄用。

      推薦信上應(yīng)注明推薦人的工作單位、聯(lián)系電話、職稱或職務(wù)等。例信12(推薦讀研究生)To Whom It May Concern, I take pleasure in recommending Mr.Li Lei, one of my former students, for graduate study in the field of Mechanical design, production and automation at your department.I was deeply impressed by Mr.Li because he was a very diligent student.During his four years at University, he showed himself open to new ideas, but at the same time, he is not likely to be influenced by any unconvincing trend or fashion.With his abilities and his intelligence, he achieved excellent results in his studies.In dealing with his fellow students, Mr.Li always showed his willingness to help others with their difficulties.Mr.Li has a strong desire to pursue higher knowledge.I believe that Mr., with his excellent academic abilities and rich experience in a big company for a few years, is undoubtedly qualified for graduate study in your department.I sincerely hope that his application will have your kind attention.Yours faithfully, Wu Jianxiong(Professor)Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University 負(fù)責(zé)同志:

      很高興地向您推薦我以前的一們學(xué)生李雷。他有意在你校攻讀機械設(shè)計制造及自動化專業(yè)的研究生學(xué)位。

      我對他的印象是他很勤奮。在四年的大學(xué)生活中,我感覺到他善于接受新事物,但同時又不會輕易地被一些未曾確證的觀念所影響。他頭腦靈活,成績優(yōu)異。在跟同學(xué)相處時,他樂于替他人排憂解難。

      李雷有很強的求知欲,他的學(xué)術(shù)能力較強,加上幾年來在一家大公司所積累的豐富經(jīng)驗,我相信他一定有能力在你系繼續(xù)他的研究生學(xué)習(xí)。我真誠地希望你能考慮他的申請。吳建雄

      清華大學(xué)電子工程系教授 2002年7月27日

      第二章 商務(wù)信函 第一節(jié) 概述

      要寫好商務(wù)信函不僅應(yīng)具備相關(guān)的業(yè)務(wù)知識,掌握好法規(guī)和條款等,還應(yīng)具備較扎實的語言基礎(chǔ),熟悉信函的書寫形式和行文要求。

      一、商業(yè)信函的要素

      英文商業(yè)信函通常包括七部分:信頭(letter head),日期(date),收信人地址、姓名(inside name and address),稱謂(salutation),內(nèi)容(body),結(jié)束語(complimentary close),簽名(signature)。除以上七部分之外,還有一些商業(yè)信函有如下部分:編號(reference)、標(biāo)題(subject line)、附件(enclosure)、抄送(carbon copies)。

      1、信函編號(reference)

      信函編號便于來往書信的存盤和查閱,建議寫信時注明:“我方存盤號:NJ/M CF2”。在回信時,由于來函有一個編號,因此應(yīng)該打上: 我方編號:Our ref.NJ/JL CF2(寄出的信)你方編號:Your ref.DB/lih(收到的信)#編號通常在日期的上方或和日期平齊靠左的位置,包括以下內(nèi)容: 1)信人的姓名縮寫(用大寫字母)。2)書的姓名縮寫(大小寫均可)。

      2、指定收信人姓名(attention line)

      指定收信人即特定收件人或經(jīng)辦人。當(dāng)發(fā)信者希望收信單位的某個人或某個部門迅速輸

      出此信件時,可在封內(nèi)地址下面寫上指定的閱信人姓名或經(jīng)辦部門名稱,常見的寫法如下:

      (1)Attention: Mr.Thomas Green(2)Attention of Mr.Thomas Green(3)Attention of Marketing Manager(4)Plymouth Rock Manufacturing 412 Atlantic Avenue Boston, Massachusetts 02110 Attention: J.P.Scovill, Chief Engineer Ladies and Gentlemen: 注意(4)例的稱呼是“Ladies and Gentlemen”,而不是“Dear Mr.Scovill”,因為信函是寫給公司的,Scovill只不過是特定的經(jīng)辦人。

      3、標(biāo)題(sbject line)

      在信中加上醒目的標(biāo)題可以使對方一看就知道信的內(nèi)容,既節(jié)省了時間,又提高了辦公效率??梢杂脦讉€詞開頭,如。Subject:;Re:;Reference。有時還可以直接寫標(biāo)題,不用這些詞開頭。一般標(biāo)題要全部大寫或下劃線。在簡化的信函格式中,標(biāo)題可以代替稱謂。標(biāo)題的位置還可以根據(jù)各個公司的習(xí)慣不同而不同。例如: Ⅰ.Kelven Clock Company 1345 Granby Street Springville, CA 25767

      Dear Purchase agent: SUBJECT: Your Order #3256

      Ⅱ.Smart Cook Company 1345 Granby Street Springville, CA 25767

      Dear Purchase agent: Your ORDER NO 1234

      4、附件(enclosure)

      如果隨信附寄了東西,可以在信中說明,如“Enclosed is?”,也可以在信的最后這樣寫:“Enclosure”或“Enc”,要放在名字首寫字母的下邊。如果附寄有多個文件,還要加上編碼,看下面的例子: Ⅰ.BM/rt Ⅱ.LMD: rd Ⅲ.GM/tl Enc Enclosures 3 Enc 3 1.Birth Eertificate 2.Visa 3.Letter of reference

      5、抄送(carbon copies)

      如果寫給Mr.Black的一封信已經(jīng)復(fù)印一份給Mrs.Clayman,就要在信中說明。如:

      Ⅰ.DM/TS Ⅱ.LT/sa CC:Mrs.Clayman copy: Mrs.Clayman Credit Department CC:是Carbon Copy的縮寫,是從前使用復(fù)寫紙眷寫副本時的用語,現(xiàn)在不論是否使用復(fù)寫紙,只要是同一份文件的副本,就可寫成CC:。CC:的寫法并不固定,無論是小寫的c.c.: 或cc: 還是大寫的CC: 都可以。

      二、商業(yè)信函的格式

      商業(yè)信函的格式通常會成為企業(yè)形象的一部分,不同的機構(gòu)有自己寫信的格式,常見的是用齊頭式(信的每一部分開始都左頂格寫),不用標(biāo)點符號(只有內(nèi)容、段落用標(biāo)點,稱謂和結(jié)束語不用)。此外還有混合式和縮進(jìn)式格式。通??s進(jìn)式信函是最為正式的格式,齊頭式最不正式,混合式居中。但是,現(xiàn)在商業(yè)信函越來越傾向于齊頭式。

      1、齊頭式例信:

      信頭: ABC Trading Co.188 Newton Palace Norfolk NG29 OPA 01345 567921 Fax 01345 438972

      編號: Our Ref RL/VP 日期: 3 September 2003

      收信人地址姓名:M J Marks 30 A.Lington Court CAMBRIDGE Cambs CA29 5RT

      稱謂: Dear Ms.Marks 主題: 500 dozen T-shirts 內(nèi)容: Thank you for your inquiry in your letter of April 5 for our T-shirts.We are now sending our quotation sheet for your selection.We also enclose a sample and are sure that you will be satisfied with their superior quality.Hope to serve you soon

      結(jié)束語: Yours sincerely 簽名: Rebecca Johnson

      Rebecca Johnson Manager

      附件: Enc

      2、混合式例信: ABC Trading Co.188 Newton Palace Norfolk NG29 OPA 01345 567921 Fax 01345 438972

      Our Ref RL/VP 3 September 2003

      M J Marks 30 A.Lington Court CAMBRIDGE Cambs CA29 5RT

      Dear Ms.Marks 500 dozen T-shirts

      Thank you for your inquiry in your letter of April 5 for our T-shirts.We are now sending our quotation sheet for your selection.We also enclose a sample and are sure that you will be satisfied with their superior quality.Hope to serve you soon

      Yours sincerely Rebecca Johnson

      Rebecca Johnson Manager

      Enc

      3、縮進(jìn)式例信: ABC Trading Co.188 Newton Palace Norfolk NG29 OPA 01345 567921 Fax 01345 438972 Our Ref RL/VP 3 September 2003

      M J Marks 30 A.Lington Court CAMBRIDGE Cambs CA29 5RT Dear Ms.Marks 500 dozen T-shirts

      Thank you for your inquiry in your letter of April 5 for our T-shirts.We are now sending our quotation sheet for your selection.We also enclose a sample and are sure that you will be satisfied with their superior quality.Hope to serve you soon.Yours sincerely Rebecca Johnson

      Rebecca Johnson Manager

      Enc

      三、商業(yè)信函的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成

      商業(yè)信函一般要有開頭(opening)、中間(body)和結(jié)束(closing)三部分。

      1、開頭(opening)

      開頭沒有固定的寫法,可以簡單地說明寫信的原因或要求,也可以提一下上一封信、合同或文件,或使用生動的開頭引起讀者的興趣。第一次通信時也可以用開頭來簡要介紹自己。

      開頭語一般自成一段,文字簡潔。許多商務(wù)信函不用開頭語。Ladies and Gentlemen:

      Thank you for your letter of August 10 and your samples of shoes.We appreciate the quality of your shoes?

      2、正文(body)

      正文是信函的主體,給收信人提供你想傳遞的詳細(xì)信息,表達(dá)寫信人的具體愿望、要求、看法等。正文部分可以是一段或幾段,最好一段表達(dá)一個意思。需兩頁或更多頁信紙時,應(yīng)在續(xù)頁上注明收信人名稱、頁數(shù)、日期,續(xù)頁不用印有信頭的紙。續(xù)頁寫法如下:(1)Mr.John Smith Page 2 April 22, 2004(2)Page 2 The ABC Company, June 3, 2004 信的正文部分所用的英語應(yīng)該清楚簡明,段落清晰,標(biāo)點正確。段落劃分——在信中每段表達(dá)不同的內(nèi)容,因此可能一段只有一句話:但是短小的段落太多會破壞信的整體外觀。

      小 標(biāo) 題——如果內(nèi)容分成幾部分,每一部分使用小標(biāo)題。

      列 表——如果一個段落包括一些想法,可以以列表的形式表現(xiàn)出來,還可以用項目編號和符號加以突出。

      間 距——幾乎所有的商務(wù)書信都采用單倍行距,段落之間采用雙倍行距。

      3、結(jié)尾(closing)

      信的結(jié)束語可以重復(fù)信中說的事情,發(fā)信人要做或希望收信人做的事,也可以是套話,位置在正文結(jié)束之后,需另起一段。如:

      (1)Wish to hear from you soon.(希望不久收到你們的消息)(2)If you need further information, please tell us.(如果需要更多信息,請告知我們)。

      第二節(jié) 建立貿(mào)易關(guān)系

      如果希望向國內(nèi)外公司銷售某種產(chǎn)品,或從其它公司購買某種產(chǎn)品,首先要查明將和誰打交道。一般可以通過銀行、外國商會、中國駐外商參贊處、同業(yè)商行、商界朋友、貿(mào)易行名錄、相關(guān)行業(yè)雜志、廣告等渠道獲得對方公司的行名和地址,然后就可以開始向有關(guān)方面發(fā)函。寫建立貿(mào)易關(guān)系信件必須做到以下三點:

      1)說明你是通過什么途徑得到對方公司的行名和地址;

      2)簡單進(jìn)行自我介紹,如自己公司經(jīng)營的范圍、規(guī)模、歷史等,其次闡明你希望購買或者推銷何種產(chǎn)品等等,有時也提到建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系的原則及買賣的條件;

      3)最后提出希望彼此合作,發(fā)展互利互惠貿(mào)易關(guān)系的愿望。并期待對方及早回復(fù),等等。

      收到這類信函之后,必須及時有禮貌地給予完整的答復(fù),以便樹立信譽和給對方留下良好的印象。建立貿(mào)易關(guān)系例信: Dear Sirs,Your company has been introduced to us by the Councilor’s Office of the Embassy of your country in China, as a prospective buyer of household electrical appliances in your country.We are one of the leading dealers in household electrical appliances in our country.We would like to establish direct trade relation with you on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.Enclosed is a copy of our catalogue about various products including types, prices and terms of payment for your reference.We await your favorable reply.Yours faithfully, 敬啟者:

      我們從貴國駐華大使館商務(wù)處得知貴公司是貴國主要的家電進(jìn)口商。本公司是中國主要的家電經(jīng)銷商之一,我們想在平等互利的基礎(chǔ)上和你們建立直接的貿(mào)易關(guān)系?,F(xiàn)隨信附寄我公司各種產(chǎn)品的詳細(xì)資料,包括各種型號、價格和付款方式,以供參考。等候你方惠復(fù)。你真誠的

      第三節(jié) 詢盤信與還盤信

      一、詢盤信

      在國際貿(mào)易中,詢盤是業(yè)務(wù)磋商的第一步。詢盤又稱作詢價。一封詢盤信通常是買方為了了解賣方所提供的商品目錄或樣品,詢盤信語言應(yīng)簡潔、具體,列出所需貨物的規(guī)格、質(zhì)量、數(shù)量或交貨期等,以便供貨人據(jù)此發(fā)盤。買賣是公司與公司之間的交易,因此詢盤應(yīng)寄給公司,以避免不必要的延誤。寫應(yīng)注意以下事項: 1)告知對方你的消息來源。

      2)介紹有關(guān)你方的業(yè)務(wù)情況,諸如經(jīng)營范圍、所需數(shù)量、通常采用的貿(mào)易條款。

      3)提出希望供貨商能為你所做的事情的愿望。詢盤例信1: Dear Sirs:

      Your firm has been recommended to us by the James Oliver & Co.of Conventry, with whom we have done business for many years.We are interested in your electric heaters, particularly Model F, for use in offices and shall be glad if you will send us a copy of your illustrated catalogue with details of your current prices and terms of payment.We appreciate your early reply.Yours sincerely

      Dear Sirs:

      Your firm has been recommended to us by the James Oliver & Co.of Conventry, with whom we have done business for many years.We are interested in your electric heaters, particularly Model F, for use in offices and shall be glad if you will send us a copy of your illustrated catalogue with details of your current prices and terms of payment.We appreciate your early reply.Yours sincerely

      敬啟者:

      同我公司有多年貿(mào)易往來的考文?詹姆斯奧佛公司向我推薦了你公司。我們對你公司的電熱器,特別是辦公室用F型的電熱器感興趣。請寄一份帶有插圖的商品目錄,并附帶列明詳細(xì)價格和支付條件。若早日答復(fù),我們不勝感激。你真誠的 詢盤例信2: Dear Sirs,We recently saw the advertisement of your “White Healthier” cloth which could be made into ladies’ skirts.We would be grateful if you could send us full details of this material.We are a large importer of textile products ans would like to introduce a new type of material to our customers.Please wend us a catalogue and pricelist, and tell us your terms of business and delivery date.If your terms are favorable we shall probably order about 10,000 meters, and more in future.We look forward to hearing from you.Yours faithfully 敬啟者:

      我們最近看到貴公司的可以用來制作女裙的“白色健康多”布匹的廣告。若貴方能夠寄給我們關(guān)于此布料的全部資料,我們將非常感激。我們大量進(jìn)口紡織品,并且愿意介紹新型原料給我們的顧客。請寄來產(chǎn)品目錄和報價單,并請告知交貨條件和交貨日期。

      如果交易條件合適的話,我們可能訂購大約1萬米,以后還會訂購更多。期待您的答復(fù)。你真誠的

      二、還盤信

      還盤是受盤人不完全同意發(fā)盤的內(nèi)容而提出的修改或變更意見。受盤人若對發(fā)盤的某些交易條件不滿意,或認(rèn)為其中某些條款與他所預(yù)期的有出入,他就可能拒絕這個報盤,或者提出自己的建議或條件。一收到這樣的還盤,出口商要重新報盤。還盤的內(nèi)容涉及貿(mào)易的許多方面,諸如商品價格、規(guī)格、付款方式、包裝、交貨日期、貿(mào)易術(shù)語等。還盤被視為一個新的發(fā)盤。一方的發(fā)盤經(jīng)對方還盤后即失去效力,除非得到原發(fā)盤人同意,受盤人不得在還盤后反悔,再接受原來的發(fā)盤。在國際貿(mào)易中,一筆交易是經(jīng)過多次的發(fā)盤——還盤——反還盤的反復(fù)磋商,才最終達(dá)成。還盤信應(yīng)包括以下內(nèi)容: 1)對賣方的報盤表示感謝。2)提出對報盤的更改意見及原因。3)希望對方接受還盤。還盤例信: Dear sirs,We write to thank you for your letter of 9th October and for the samples of nylon shirt you kindly sent me.We appreciate the good quality for these garments, but unfortunately your prices appear to be in the high side even for garments of this quality.To accept the prices you quote would leave us with only a small profit in our sales since these is an area in which the principal is for articles in the medium price range.We hope you will reconsider the matter and send us a new offer.Your sincerely 敬啟者:

      感謝貴方10月9日的來函及尼龍襯衫樣品。

      我方欣賞這些衣服的優(yōu)良品質(zhì),但可惜貴廠似乎開價過高。假若接受這個價目,我方無多少利潤可賺,因為本區(qū)買家主要傾向于購買中等價格貨品。

      請貴方考慮這一情況并重新提出報價。

      你真誠的

      第四節(jié) 訂貨信與確認(rèn)訂貨信

      一、訂貨信(order letter)

      公司通常用印好的訂單訂貨。訂貨的人要注意訂單要包括盡可能詳細(xì)的信息。

      訂單一般包括如下內(nèi)容:產(chǎn)品目錄號;數(shù)量;商品性質(zhì)(型號、號碼、顏色);單價、全價;買方身份;發(fā)貨地址;運輸方式;付款方式;交貨日期;其他信息(如訂單號、訂貨日期、推銷員名)等。訂貨例信: Dear sirs, We thank for your quotation of 3 October and the sample garments you sent us.We find both quality and prices satisfactory and are pleased to place an order with you for the following:

      1,000 MJ Blouses(five colors and five sizes)2,000 CP Suntops(five colors and five sizes)

      The terms agreed upon with Mr.Wang during my telephone conversation this morning are as follows: a.prices as stated in your quotation of 3 October to include delivery to final destination.b.Payment to be made in Sterling to your London representative within one month of the arrival of the goods at Livepool.c.Insurance to be arranged by you with a Lloyd’s broker through your London representatives.We should appreciate prompt shipment and hope to establish a regular connection for the future if this first consignment proves to conform to the samples supplied.Yours sincerely

      二、確認(rèn)訂貨信(acknowledgement letters)

      公司收到訂貨信后要盡快回信,回復(fù)訂貨時要告訴客戶他們會盡快得到訂貨,希望進(jìn)一步交易等。但是有時候,由于某些原因,如缺貨、客戶信譽不好、訂貨數(shù)量太小、訂貨條款不合適等,需要對訂單進(jìn)行拒絕。拒絕訂貨信要寫得委婉,解釋清楚原因,并要表示對將來生意的關(guān)心。確認(rèn)訂貨例信1:a).letter of acceptance Dears sirs,We were pleased to receive your Order NO.345 for garments.We accordingly accept the order and shall arrange delivery as soon as possible.We hope they will reach you in good time and that we may have further orders from you.Yours sicerely 確認(rèn)訂貨例信2:a).letter of regret Dear sirs

      We have carefully considered your counter-proposal of 5th May to our offer of woolen underwear, but much regret that we can not accept.The prices we quoted in our letter of 2nd May leave us with only the smallest or margins, they are in fact lower than those of our competitors for goods of similar quality.The wool used in the manufacture of our ‘Thermaline” range undergoes a special process that prevents shrinkage and increases durability.The fact that we are the largest suppliers of woolen underwear in this country is in itself evidence of the good value of our products.If, having given thought to the matter, you feel you cannot accept our offer, we hope it will hot prevent you from approaching us on some other occasions.We shall always be glad to hear from you and will carefully consider any proposal likely to lead to business between us.Yours sincerely

      第五節(jié) 推銷信(sales letter)

      推銷信是一種廣告。企業(yè)寫推銷信的目的是與客戶或潛在的客戶溝通,試圖說服他們購買產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)。推銷信主要的目的有:發(fā)布新產(chǎn)品或服務(wù);維持或改善現(xiàn)有市場地位;更新產(chǎn)品或服務(wù);維持或改善客戶對產(chǎn)品的認(rèn)知度;支持促銷活動;改進(jìn)公司形象。

      寫推銷信最重要的就是要用為讀者考慮的語氣,推銷信要注意以下幾點:

      1)引起對方興趣。只有讀者感興趣,才能去買。2)描述產(chǎn)品并證實產(chǎn)品的可信性。3)給讀者提供購買信息。推銷例信: Dear Customer,SUBJECT: OMNICORP DEVELOPS THE SPELL GRAMM ENGLISH SPELLING AND GRAMMAR RVERIFICATION SOFTWARE PACKAGE

      Do you ever have problems with spelling, sentence construction and typographical errors?

      If so, your problems are over new OMNICORP SPELL GRAMM—the first word-processing software package that combines English spelling verification with English grammar verification.70,000k-WORD VOCABULARY--WITH ROOM FOR MORE Since 70,000 words comprise 99.4 percent of our everyday vocabulary, the size of the database is not as which words are included.Our word-frequency research has created an immensely practical database.And we give the customer the opportunity to add user-specific terms—even proper names of individuals.AUTOMATIC HYPHENATION, CAPITALIZATION, AND ABBREVIATION SPELLGRAMM offers unique features that will automatically hyphenate words correctly whenever necessary.Proper nouns and the initial words in sentence are automatically capitalized, and correct abbreviations are available upon command.TWENTY OF THE MOST COMMON GRAMMATICAL ERRORS AUTOMATICALLY ELIMINATED Dangling participles, misplaced modifiers, incorrect pronoun reference, inconsistent tenses, and more—all are flagged for quick correction.The SPELLGRAMM program is efficient.It will enable you to easily produce neat, readable copy.And, with Omnicorp’s special introductory price, it is low-priced as well.

      下載英文書信及格式word格式文檔
      下載英文書信及格式.doc
      將本文檔下載到自己電腦,方便修改和收藏,請勿使用迅雷等下載。
      點此處下載文檔

      文檔為doc格式


      聲明:本文內(nèi)容由互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶自發(fā)貢獻(xiàn)自行上傳,本網(wǎng)站不擁有所有權(quán),未作人工編輯處理,也不承擔(dān)相關(guān)法律責(zé)任。如果您發(fā)現(xiàn)有涉嫌版權(quán)的內(nèi)容,歡迎發(fā)送郵件至:645879355@qq.com 進(jìn)行舉報,并提供相關(guān)證據(jù),工作人員會在5個工作日內(nèi)聯(lián)系你,一經(jīng)查實,本站將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權(quán)內(nèi)容。

      相關(guān)范文推薦

        英文書信格式及

        英文書信格式及范文 一、 英文書信的結(jié)構(gòu) 二、 書信作文的出題形式和寫作要領(lǐng)三、 書信作文練習(xí)及其參考范文 書信是重要的交際工具。英文書信分為兩大類:公務(wù)信件和私人信件......

        英文書信

        書信應(yīng)包含的要點: 1. 日期。(第一行最靠右的位置) 2. 稱呼。(第三行最靠左的位置) 3. 第一段.寒暄語句,引出寫信的目的。(寒暄句+主題句) 4. 第二段.根據(jù)提綱擴(kuò)展主體段落.(重視邏輯與......

        書信英文格式

        書信英文格式 現(xiàn)在越來越多的人開始用英文寫書信。你對書信英文格式了解嗎?下面是小編為大家?guī)淼臅庞⑽母袷椒段?,歡迎閱讀。 書信英文格式1 1、日期的寫法 英文地址的寫......

        英文書信格式及

        英文書信格式及范文 一、 英文書信的結(jié)構(gòu) 二、 書信作文的出題形式和寫作要領(lǐng)三、 書信作文練習(xí)及其參考范文 書信是重要的交際工具。英文書信分為兩大類:公務(wù)信件和私人信件......

        英文書信[定稿]

        Dear Mrs. Chen: We seldom use the traditional letter nowadays. But I write to you in order to say something for my niece. She wants to express her feeling of th......

        邀請信常用英文書信之一

        邀請信常用英文書信之一:邀請信 套路 第一段: 1、問候; 2、自我介紹; 3、寫信背景; 4、寫信目的; 第二段:具體介紹邀請的原因(活動細(xì)則) T-E 時間、地點、人員; 活動的主題、方......

        英文書信格式及范例大匯總(模版)

        英文書信格式及范例大匯總 英文書信結(jié)構(gòu)要素 (1 )信頭(Letterhead)。 信頭包括發(fā)信人的地址和發(fā)信日期。很多人不太注意保留信封,在信內(nèi)的打上發(fā)信人地址就方便收信人回信。如果......

        英文書信及信封格式

        英文的信封格式/國際郵件書寫格式及信封要求 一、英文信封的寫法 1、在信封的左上角寫「寄信人」的名字和住址。 2、在信封的中間或右下角偏左的地方寫「收信人」的名字和住......