2010年溫家寶總理政府工作報告中英對照版

第一篇：2010年溫家寶總理政府工作報告中英對照版

2010年3月5日（星期五）上午9時，第十一屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議在人民大會堂開幕，國務(wù)院總理溫家寶向大會作政府工作報告時指出，在異常困難的情況下，全國各族人民在中國共產(chǎn)黨的堅強領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，從容應(yīng)對國際金融危機沖擊，在世界率先實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟回升向好，改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的重大成就。實踐再次證明，任何艱難險阻都擋不住中華民族偉大復(fù)興的歷史進程，以下為報告全文中英對照版本：

在第十一屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議上的政府工作報告

國務(wù)院總理溫家寶 2010年3月5日

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT--Delivered at the Third Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress

on March 5, 2010 Wen Jiabao

Premier of the State Council 各位代表，F(xiàn)ellow Deputies, 現(xiàn)在，我代表國務(wù)院向大會作政府工作報告，請予審議，并請全國政協(xié)各位委員提出意見。

On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I also invite the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)to provide comments and suggestions.一、2009年工作回顧

I.Review of Work in 2009 2009年是新世紀(jì)以來我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展最為困難的一年。去年這個時候，國際金融危機還在擴散蔓延，世界經(jīng)濟深度衰退，我國經(jīng)濟受到嚴(yán)重沖擊，出口大幅下降，不少企業(yè)經(jīng)營困難，有的甚至停產(chǎn)倒閉，失業(yè)人員大量增加，農(nóng)民工大批返鄉(xiāng)，經(jīng)濟增速陡然下滑。在異常困難的情況下，全國各族人民在中國共產(chǎn)黨的堅強領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，堅定信心，迎難而上，頑強拼搏，從容應(yīng)對國際金融危機沖擊，在世界率先實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟回升向好，改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的重大成就。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值達到33.5萬億元，比上年增長8.7%；財政收入6.85萬億元，增長11.7%；糧食產(chǎn)量5.31億噸，再創(chuàng)歷史新高，實現(xiàn)連續(xù)6年增產(chǎn)；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1102萬人；城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入17175元，農(nóng)村居民人均純收入5153元，實際增長9.8%和8.5%。我國在全面建設(shè)小康社會道路上又邁出堅實的一步。實踐再次證明，任何艱難險阻都擋不住中華民族偉大復(fù)興的歷史進程。The year 2009 was the most difficult year for our country's economic development since the beginning of the new century.This time last year the global financial crisis was still spreading, and the world economy was in a deep recession.Our economy was severely affected;our exports decreased significantly;a large number of enterprises had operating difficulties, and some even suspended production or closed down;the number of unemployed people increased significantly;many migrant workers had to return to their home villages;and the pace of our economic growth suddenly slowed down.In these unusually difficult circumstances, the people of all our ethnic groups fortified their confidence, tackled difficulties head on, worked tenaciously, and responded calmly to the impact of the global financial crisis under the firm leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC).Our economy was the first in the world to have made a turnaround, and we made major new achievements in reform and opening up as well as socialist modernization.GDP reached 33.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 8.7% over the previous year(here and below).Fiscal revenue was 6.85 trillion yuan, up 11.7%.Grain production was 531

million tons, a new record and an increase for the sixth consecutive year.A total of 11.02 million urban jobs were created.The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 17,175 yuan, and the net per capita income of rural residents was 5,153 yuan, up 9.8% and 8.5% respectively in real terms.We took another steady step along the path of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Events again proved that no difficulties or obstacles can impede the course of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.過去的一年，極不平凡，令人振奮。我們隆重慶祝新中國成立60周年。撫今追昔，偉大祖國的輝煌成就極大地激發(fā)了全國人民的自信心和自豪感，極大地增強了中華民族的向心力和凝聚力，極大地提升了我國的國際地位和影響力，必將激勵我們在中國特色社會主義道路上繼續(xù)奮勇前進。

The past year was truly extraordinary and inspiring.We held a grand celebration of the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China.The outstanding achievements we made in that time have greatly boosted the confidence and pride of the people, strengthened the cohesiveness of the Chinese nation, and raised China's international standing and influence.All this definitely encourages us to continue to forge ahead on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

Over the last year, we mainly undertook the following work.（一）加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控，促進經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。我們實行積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，全面實施并不斷完善應(yīng)對國際金融危機的一攬子計劃。大規(guī)模增加財政支出和實行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅，保持貨幣信貸快速增長，提高貨幣政策的可持續(xù)性，擴大直接融資規(guī)模，滿足經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的資金需求，有效擴大了內(nèi)需，很快扭轉(zhuǎn)了經(jīng)濟增速下滑趨勢。

1.Strengthening and improving macro-control and promoting steady and rapid economic development.We carried out a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We comprehensively implemented and constantly improved the package plan for addressing the global financial crisis.We significantly increased government spending, implemented structural tax reductions, rapidly increased supplies of money and credit, made our monetary policy more sustainable, and increased the amount of direct financing.We thus ensured funding for economic and social development, effectively boosted domestic demand, and quickly reversed the slowdown in economic growth.著力擴大居民消費。我們鼓勵消費的政策領(lǐng)域之寬、力度之大、受惠面之廣前所未有。中央財政投入資金 450億元，補貼家電汽車摩托車下鄉(xiāng)、汽車家電以舊換新和農(nóng)機具購置。減半征收小排量汽車購置稅，減免住房交易相關(guān)稅收，支持自住性住房消費。全年汽車銷售1364萬輛，增長46.2%；商品房銷售9.37億平方米，增長42.1%；社會消費品零售總額實際增長16.9%，消費對經(jīng)濟增長的拉動作用明顯增強。

We vigorously expanded consumer spending.Our policies to encourage consumption covered more areas, were stronger and benefited more people than ever before.The central government provided 45 billion yuan in subsidies for rural residents to purchase home appliances and motor vehicles, including motorbikes.Part of the subsidies also supported trading-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and purchasing agricultural machinery and tools.We halved the purchase tax on small-displacement automobiles.We reduced or exempted taxes on buying and selling homes to support the purchase of homes to be used as their owners' residences.Throughout the year 13.64 million motor vehicles were sold, an increase of 46.2%;commodity housing sales amounted to 937 million square meters, up 42.1%;and total retail sales of consumer goods increased 16.9% in real terms: Consumption played a much bigger role in fueling economic growth.促進投資快速增長。我們發(fā)揮政府投資“四兩撥千斤”的作用，引導(dǎo)帶動社會投資。實施兩年新增4萬億元的投資計劃。2009年中央政府公共投資9243億元，比上年預(yù)算增加5038億元，其中，保障性住房、農(nóng)村民生工程、社會事業(yè)投資占44%，自主創(chuàng)新、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)建設(shè)占16%，重大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)占23%，災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建占14%。全社會固定資產(chǎn)投資增長30.1%，投資結(jié)構(gòu)進一步優(yōu)化。投資快速增長有效彌補了外需下降的缺口，加強了薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，為經(jīng)濟社會長遠發(fā)展奠定了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。

We promoted rapid growth in investment.We guided and stimulated non-government investment by means of well-leveraged government investment.We implemented a plan to invest an additional 4 trillion yuan over two years.In 2009, the central government's public investment was 924.3 billion yuan, 503.8 billion yuan more than in the previous year's budget.Of this, 44% was invested in.low-income housing, projects to improve the wellbeing of rural residents, and social programs;16% in independent innovation, restructuring, energy conservation, emissions reductions, and ecological improvement;23% in major infrastructure projects;and 14% in post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction.Fixed asset investment increased.30.1% nationwide.We further improved the investment structure.Rapid investment growth effectively compensated for the shortfall created by shrinking external demand, strengthened weak links, and laid a solid foundation for long-term economic and social development 我們加快推進汶川地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建，重災(zāi)區(qū)已完成投資6545億元，占規(guī)劃總投資的65.5%。國家的大力支持，全國人民的無私援助，災(zāi)區(qū)群眾的艱苦奮斗，使遭受重大創(chuàng)傷的災(zāi)區(qū)呈現(xiàn)出嶄新面貌。一座座新城拔地而起，一個個村莊煥發(fā)出蓬勃生機。這充分體現(xiàn)了中華民族的無疆大愛，有力彰顯了社會主義制度的無比優(yōu)越。

We accelerated the post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction work.We have already invested 654.5 billion yuan, 65.5% of the total planned

investment, in the worst hit areas.Thanks to the government's strong support, the selfless assistance of people throughout the country, and the hard work of residents of the earthquake area, the badly damaged areas have taken on a brand-new appearance, with new towns rising straight out of the ground, and villages brimming with vitality.All this fully reflects the boundless love of the Chinese nation and powerfully demonstrates the incomparable superiority of the socialist system.（二）大力調(diào)整經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)，夯實長遠發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)。我們把保增長與調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)緊密結(jié)合起來，加快解決制約經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾。

2.Vigorously carrying out economic restructuring, and shoring up the foundation for long-term development.We closely integrated sustaining economic growth with economic restructuring, and moved more quickly to resolve structural problems limiting economic development.“三農(nóng)”工作進一步加強。中央財政用于“三農(nóng)”的支出7253億元，增長21.8%。大幅度提高糧食最低收購價。啟動實施全國新增千億斤糧食生產(chǎn)能力建設(shè)規(guī)劃。繼續(xù)改善農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件，農(nóng)村飲水安全工程使6069萬農(nóng)民受益，新增510萬沼氣用戶，新建和改造農(nóng)村公路38萬公里、農(nóng)村電網(wǎng)線路26.6萬公里，又有80萬戶農(nóng)村危房得到改造，9.2萬戶游牧民實現(xiàn)了定居。我們加大扶貧力度，貧困地區(qū)的生產(chǎn)生活條件得到明顯改善。

We further strengthened the work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.The central government used 725.3 billion yuan to support agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, an increase of 21.8%.We raised the minimum grain purchase prices by a large margin.We began implementation of 'the plan to increase grain production capacity by 50 million tons nationwide.We continued to improve living and working conditions in rural areas.We implemented rural drinking water safety projects that benefited 60.69 million people, increased the number of methane gas users by 5.1.million, built and upgraded 380,000

kilometers of roads and 266,000 kilometers of electric power lines and renovated 800,000 dilapidated houses in the countryside, and helped build permanent housing for 92,000 nomadic families.We also intensified our efforts to fight poverty.As a result, working and living conditions notably improved in poverty-stricken areas.產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整力度加大。制定并實施十大重點產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整振興規(guī)劃。鼓勵企業(yè)加快技術(shù)改造，安排200億元技改專項資金支持4441個技改項目。重點行業(yè)兼并重組取得新進展。下大力氣抑制部分行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩和重復(fù)建設(shè)，關(guān)停小火電機組2617萬千瓦，淘汰落后的煉鋼產(chǎn)能1691萬噸、煉鐵產(chǎn)能2113萬噸、水泥產(chǎn)能7416萬噸、焦炭產(chǎn)能1809萬噸。加快實施國家科技重大專項，中央財政用于科技的支出1512億元，增長30%。積極支持自主創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品推廣應(yīng)用，清潔能源、第三代移動通信等一批新興產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展。大力加強基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，新建鐵路投入運營5557公里，高速公路新建通車4719公里，城市軌道交通建設(shè)加快，新建、改擴建民用機場35個；新增發(fā)電裝機8970萬千瓦，西氣東輸二線西段工程實現(xiàn)供氣，南水北調(diào)工程建設(shè)加快推進，6183座病險水庫除險加固工程開工建設(shè)。We intensified industrial restructuring.We formulated and implemented a plan for restructuring and invigorating ten key industries.We encouraged enterprises to accelerate technological upgrading, and provided 20 billion yuan to support 4,441 technological upgrading projects.Further progress was made in mergers and reorganization in key industries.We made great efforts to restrict excess production capacity and redundant development in some industries.We closed down 26.17 million kilowatts of small thermal power stations, and eliminated backward facilities with total production tons in the steelmaking industry, 21.13 million tons in the iron-smelting 74.16 million tons in the cement industry, and 18.09 million tons in the coke industry.We accelerated the implementation of major national science and technology projects，and spent 151.2 billion yuan of central government funds on science and technology, an increase of 30%.We vigorously supported the widespread use of domestically innovated products，and the development of emerging industries such as clean energy and third-generation mobile communications.We vigorously strengthened infrastructure development;put 5,557 kilometers of newly built railway lines into operation;opened 4,719 kilometers of new expressways to traffic, accelerated urban rail development;and built, renovated or expanded 35 civil airports.We increased the installed power-generating capacity by 89.7 million kilowatts, began supplying gas through the western section of the second line of the project for shipping natural gas from west to east, accelerated construction on the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and began reinforcing 6,183 dangerous reservoirs.節(jié)能減排和環(huán)境保護扎實推進。安排預(yù)算內(nèi)資金，支持重點節(jié)能工程、循環(huán)經(jīng)濟等項目2983個；實施節(jié)能產(chǎn)品惠民工程，推廣節(jié)能空調(diào)500多萬臺、高效照明燈具1.5億只。繼續(xù)推進林業(yè)重點生態(tài)工程建設(shè)，完成造林8827萬畝，森林覆蓋率達到20.36%。綜合治理水土流失面積4.8萬平方公里。加強“三河三湖”等重點流域水污染防治和工業(yè)廢水廢氣廢渣治理。“十一五”前四年累計單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降 14.38%，化學(xué)需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分別下降9.66%和13.14%。積極開展應(yīng)對氣候變化工作，明確提出2020年我國控制溫室氣體排放行動目標(biāo)和政策措施。氣象預(yù)報預(yù)警和地震監(jiān)測工作得到加強，災(zāi)害防御能力不斷提升。We made solid progress in conserving energy, reducing emissions and protecting the environment.We supported 2,983 key energy conservation and recycling projects through budgetary investment.We implemented a project to promote energy-efficient products for the benefit of the people, putting into use more than 5 million energy-saving air-conditioners and 150 million energy-efficient light bulbs.We continued to develop key ecological projects in the forestry industry, and completed the afforestation of 5.88 million hectares, thereby raising the percentage of land covered by forest to 20.36%.Through combined measures, we brought soil erosion on 48,000 square kilometers of land under control.We strengthened the prevention and treatment of water

pollution in the key watersheds of the Huai, Hai, and Liao rivers and Tai, Chao, and Dianchi lakes, and improved the control of wastewater, gases and residues from industry.Over the first four years of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell 14.38%，and chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emissions decreased 9.66% and 13.14% respectively.We made vigorous efforts to respond to climate change, and set forth our country's targets, policies and measures for controlling greenhouse gas emissions by 2020.We improved our weather forecasting and early warning;as well as earthquake monitoring, and constantly improved our disaster prevention and protection capabilities.區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展邁出新步伐。深入實施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略，制定若干區(qū)域發(fā)展重大規(guī)劃和政策。中西部和東北地區(qū)加快開放開發(fā)，積極承接產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移，發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)不斷夯實；東部地區(qū)加快結(jié)構(gòu)和自主創(chuàng)新，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展活力增強。區(qū)域發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)布局改善、結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化、協(xié)調(diào)性提高的良好態(tài)勢。

We took new steps in balancing development between regions.We thoroughly implemented the overall strategy for regional development;and formulated several major regional development plans and policies.The central and western regions and northeast China accelerated opening up and development, welcomed industries relocated from other parts of the country, and continuously strengthened their foundation for development.The eastern region accelerated restructuring and independent innovation, and the vitality of its economic development increased.A favorable situation emerged in which regional development was better distributed, structured and coordinated.

第二篇：溫家寶總理政府工作報告

溫家寶總理政府工作報告

——2012年3月5日在第十一屆全國人民代表大會

第五次會議

各位代表：

現(xiàn)在，我代表國務(wù)院，向大會報告政府工作，請各位代表審議，并請全國政協(xié)委員提出意見。

一、2011年工作回顧

過去的一年，面對復(fù)雜多變的國際政治經(jīng)濟環(huán)境和艱巨繁重的國內(nèi)改革發(fā)展任務(wù)，全國各族人民在中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，同心同德，團結(jié)奮進，改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的重大成就。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值47．2萬億元，比上年增長9．2%；公共財政收入10．37萬億元，增長24．8%；糧食產(chǎn)量57121萬噸，再創(chuàng)歷史新高；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1221萬人，城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)村居民人均純收入實際增長8．4%和11．4%。我們鞏固和擴大了應(yīng)對國際金融危機沖擊成果，實現(xiàn)了“十二五”時期良好開局。

一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

（一）加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控，遏制物價過快上漲，實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。我們實施積極的財政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策，堅持正確處理保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)和管理通脹預(yù)期的關(guān)系，更加注重把握好政策實施的重點、力度和節(jié)奏，努力做到調(diào)控審慎靈活、適時適度，不斷提高政策的針對性、靈活性和前瞻性。在全球通脹預(yù)期不斷增強，國際市場大宗商品價格高位波動，國內(nèi)要素成本明顯上升，部分農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給偏緊的嚴(yán)峻形勢下，我們把穩(wěn)定物價總水平作為宏觀調(diào)控的首要任務(wù)，堅持綜合施策，合理運用貨幣政策工具，調(diào)節(jié)貨幣信貸增速，大力發(fā)展生產(chǎn)，保障供給，搞活流通，加強監(jiān)管，居民消費價格指數(shù)、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)者出廠價格指數(shù)漲幅從8月份起逐月回落，扭轉(zhuǎn)了一度過快上漲勢頭。下半年，世界經(jīng)濟不穩(wěn)定性不確定性上升，國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟運行出現(xiàn)一些新情況新問題，我們一方面堅持宏觀調(diào)控的基本取向不變，保持宏觀經(jīng)濟政策基本穩(wěn)定，繼續(xù)控制通貨膨脹；一方面適時適度預(yù)調(diào)微調(diào)，加強信貸政策與產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的協(xié)調(diào)配合，加大結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅力度，重點支持實體經(jīng)濟特別是小型微型企業(yè)，重點支持民生工程特別是保障性安居工程，重點保證國家重大在建、續(xù)建項目的資金需要，有針對性地解決經(jīng)濟運行中的突出矛盾。我們堅定不移地加強房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控，確保調(diào)控政策落到實處、見到實效。投機、投資性需求得到明顯抑制，多數(shù)城市房價環(huán)比下降，調(diào)控效果正在顯現(xiàn)。我們高度重視防范和化解財政金融領(lǐng)域的潛在風(fēng)險隱患，及時對地方政府性債務(wù)進行全面審計，摸清了多年形成的地方政府性債務(wù)的總規(guī)模、形成原因、償還時限和區(qū)域分布。這些債務(wù)在經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了積極作用，形成了大量優(yōu)質(zhì)資產(chǎn)；也存在一些風(fēng)險隱患，特別是部分償債能力較弱地區(qū)存在局部性風(fēng)險。我們認真開展債務(wù)清理整頓和規(guī)范工作，嚴(yán)格控制增量，積極穩(wěn)妥解決債務(wù)償還和在建項目后續(xù)融資問題。目前，我國政府性債務(wù)水平是可控的、安全的?？偟目?，我國國民經(jīng)濟繼續(xù)朝著宏觀調(diào)控預(yù)期方向發(fā)展，抗風(fēng)險能力不斷增強，呈現(xiàn)增長較快、價格趨穩(wěn)、效益較好、民生改善的良好態(tài)勢。

（二）加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式，提高發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性和產(chǎn)業(yè)的競爭力。我們堅持有扶有控，促進結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和優(yōu)化升級，增強發(fā)展后勁。鞏固和加強農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。全面落實強農(nóng)惠農(nóng)富農(nóng)政策，加大農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)補貼力度，穩(wěn)步提高糧食最低收購價，加強以農(nóng)田水利為重點的農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，開展農(nóng)村土地整治，加

強農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)和抗災(zāi)減災(zāi)，中央財政“三農(nóng)”支出超過1萬億元，比上年增加1839億元。農(nóng)業(yè)全面豐收，糧食總產(chǎn)量實現(xiàn)了歷史罕見的“八連增”，連續(xù)5年超萬億斤，標(biāo)志著我國糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力穩(wěn)定躍上新臺階。繼續(xù)推進農(nóng)村危房改造，解決了6398萬農(nóng)村人口的飲水安全和60萬無電地區(qū)人口的用電問題，農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件進一步改善。

加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級。大力培育戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，新能源、新材料、生物醫(yī)藥、高端裝備制造、新能源汽車快速發(fā)展，三網(wǎng)融合、云計算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)試點示范工作步伐加快。企業(yè)兼并重組取得新進展。支持重點產(chǎn)業(yè)振興和技術(shù)改造，中央預(yù)算投資安排150億元，支持4000多個項目，帶動總投資3000億元。加快發(fā)展信息咨詢、電子商務(wù)等現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)，新興服務(wù)領(lǐng)域不斷拓寬。交通運輸產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展，經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)進一步夯實。

推進節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護。發(fā)布實施“十二五”節(jié)能減排綜合性工作方案、控制溫室氣體排放工作方案和加強環(huán)境保護重點工作的意見。清潔能源發(fā)電裝機達到2．9億千瓦，比上年增加3356萬千瓦。加強重點節(jié)能環(huán)保工程建設(shè)，新增城鎮(zhèn)污水日處理能力1100萬噸，5000多萬千瓦新增燃煤發(fā)電機組全部安裝脫硫設(shè)施。加大對高耗能、高排放和產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)的調(diào)控力度，淘汰落后的水泥產(chǎn)能1．5億噸、煉鐵產(chǎn)能3122萬噸、焦炭產(chǎn)能1925萬噸。實施天然林保護二期工程并提高補助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，實行草原生態(tài)保護獎補政策，開展湖泊生態(tài)環(huán)境保護試點。植樹造林9200多萬畝。

促進區(qū)域經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。深入實施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略和全國主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃。出臺實施促進西藏、新疆等地區(qū)跨越式發(fā)展的一系列優(yōu)惠政策。制定實施新10年農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)綱要和興邊富民行動規(guī)劃。區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性進一步增強，中西部和東北地區(qū)主要經(jīng)濟指標(biāo)增速高于全國平均水平，東部地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級步伐加快。城鎮(zhèn)化率超過50%，這是中國社會結(jié)構(gòu)的一個歷史性變化。勝利完成四川汶川特大地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建任務(wù)，積極推進青海玉樹、甘肅舟曲、云南盈江抗災(zāi)救災(zāi)和恢復(fù)重建工作。

（三）大力發(fā)展社會事業(yè)，促進經(jīng)濟社會協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。各級政府加大對科技、教育、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育事業(yè)的投入，全國財政支出2．82萬億元。

持續(xù)提升科技創(chuàng)新能力。加強基礎(chǔ)研究和前沿技術(shù)研究。實施國家科技重大專項，突破一些關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)，填補了多項重大產(chǎn)品和裝備的空白。天宮一號目標(biāo)飛行器與神舟八號飛船先后成功發(fā)射并順利交會對接，成為我國載人航天發(fā)展史上新的里程碑。

扎實推進教育公平。深入貫徹落實教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要。經(jīng)過25年堅持不懈的努力，全面實現(xiàn)九年制義務(wù)教育。免除3000多萬名農(nóng)村寄宿制學(xué)生住宿費，其中1228萬名中西部家庭經(jīng)濟困難學(xué)生享受生活補助。建立起完整的家庭經(jīng)濟困難學(xué)生資助體系。初步解決農(nóng)民工隨遷子女在城市接受義務(wù)教育的問題。推動實施“學(xué)前教育三年行動計劃”，提高幼兒入園率。大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育。加強中小學(xué)教師培訓(xùn)工作，擴大中小學(xué)教師職稱制度改革試點，提高中小學(xué)教師隊伍整體素質(zhì)。首屆免費師范生全部到中小學(xué)任教，90%以上在中西部。

大力加強文化建設(shè)。中央財政加大對文化惠民工程的支持，各地對公益性文化事業(yè)投入顯著增加。擴大公共文化設(shè)施免費開放范圍，服務(wù)面逐步拓展。文化體制改革繼續(xù)推進，文化產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展。文物保護、非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護和

傳承取得重要進展。大力加強群眾體育設(shè)施建設(shè)，全民健身活動蓬勃開展，體育事業(yè)取得新成績。

積極穩(wěn)妥推進醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展?；踞t(yī)療保險覆蓋范圍繼續(xù)擴大，13億城鄉(xiāng)居民參保，全民醫(yī)保體系初步形成。政策范圍內(nèi)住院費用報銷比例提高，重大疾病醫(yī)療保障病種范圍進一步擴大。各級財政對城鎮(zhèn)居民醫(yī)保和新農(nóng)合的補助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由每人每年120元提高到200元。國家基本藥物制度在政府辦基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)實現(xiàn)全覆蓋，基本藥物安全性提高、價格下降。公立醫(yī)院改革試點有序進行。基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系基本建成?；竟残l(wèi)生服務(wù)均等化取得新進展。

（四）切實保障和改善民生，解決關(guān)系群眾切身利益的問題。我們堅持民生優(yōu)先，努力使發(fā)展成果惠及全體人民，促進社會公平正義。實施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。多渠道開發(fā)就業(yè)崗位，全力推動以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動就業(yè)，加強職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)和公共就業(yè)服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。加大財政、稅收、金融等方面支持力度，著力促進高校畢業(yè)生、農(nóng)民工等重點人群就業(yè)。高校畢業(yè)生初次就業(yè)率77．8%，同比提高1．2個百分點。農(nóng)民工總量2．53億人，比上年增長4．4%，其中，外出農(nóng)民工1．59億人，增長3．4%。

積極調(diào)整收入分配關(guān)系。著力提高低收入群眾收入。農(nóng)村居民人均純收入實際增速為1985年以來最高，連續(xù)兩年快于城鎮(zhèn)居民；各地普遍較大幅度調(diào)高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；連續(xù)第7年提高企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金，全年人均增加1680元，5700多萬人受益；進一步提高城鄉(xiāng)低保補助水平以及部分優(yōu)撫對象撫恤和生活補助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對全國城鄉(xiāng)低保對象、農(nóng)村五保供養(yǎng)對象等8600多萬名困難群眾發(fā)放一次性生活補貼；建立社會救助和保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與物價上漲掛鉤的聯(lián)動機制。擴大中等收入者所占比重。個人所得稅起征點從2000元提高到3500元。降低900多萬個體工商戶稅負。中央決定將農(nóng)民人均純收入2300元（2010年不變價）作為新的國家扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，比2009年提高92%，把更多農(nóng)村低收入人口納入扶貧范圍，這是社會的巨大進步。

加強社會保障體系建設(shè)。社會保障覆蓋范圍繼續(xù)擴大，全國參加城鎮(zhèn)基本養(yǎng)老保險、失業(yè)保險、工傷保險和生育保險人數(shù)大幅增加。2147個縣（市、區(qū)）實施城鎮(zhèn)居民社會養(yǎng)老保險試點，1334萬人參保，641萬人領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金。2343個縣（市、區(qū)）開展新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險試點，3．58億人參保，9880萬人領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金，覆蓋面擴大到60%以上。解決了500多萬名集體企業(yè)退休人員養(yǎng)老保障的歷史遺留問題。將312萬名企業(yè)“老工傷”人員和工亡職工供養(yǎng)親屬納入工傷保險統(tǒng)籌管理。養(yǎng)老保險跨地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)工作有序推進。社會保障體系不斷健全，向制度全覆蓋邁出重大步伐，這是推進基本公共服務(wù)均等化取得的重要成就。

大力推進保障性安居工程建設(shè)。出臺關(guān)于保障性安居工程建設(shè)和管理的指導(dǎo)意見，完善財政投入、土地供應(yīng)、信貸支持、稅費減免等政策，著力提高規(guī)劃建設(shè)和工程質(zhì)量水平，制定保障性住房分配、管理、退出等制度和辦法。中央財政安排資金1713億元，是2010年的2．2倍，全年城鎮(zhèn)保障性住房基本建成432萬套，新開工建設(shè)1043萬套。

努力維護社會公共安全。加強安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管，做好重特大安全事故的處置、調(diào)查、問責(zé)工作。完善食品安全監(jiān)管體制機制，集中打擊、整治非法添加和違法生產(chǎn)加工行為。堅持以人為本、服務(wù)為先，加強和創(chuàng)新社會管理，著力排查化解各類社會矛盾，依法打擊違法犯罪活動，保持社會和諧穩(wěn)定。

（五）深入推進改革開放，為經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展注入新的活力和動力。我們按照“十二五”規(guī)劃提出的改革任務(wù)，加大攻堅力度，推動重點領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)的改革。

完善公共財政體系特別是預(yù)算管理制度，把預(yù)算外資金全部納入預(yù)算管理，擴大國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算實施范圍，深化部門預(yù)算改革，推進政府預(yù)算、決算公開，98個中央部門和北京、上海、廣東、陜西等省市公開“三公經(jīng)費”。在全國范圍實施原油、天然氣資源稅從價計征改革，出臺營業(yè)稅改征增值稅試點方案。把跨境貿(mào)易人民幣結(jié)算范圍擴大到全國，啟動境外直接投資人民幣結(jié)算試點，開展外商直接投資人民幣結(jié)算業(yè)務(wù)。深化集體林權(quán)制度改革，啟動國有林場改革試點，依法開展草原承包經(jīng)營登記。推進水利建設(shè)管理體制改革，創(chuàng)新水資源管理體制。深化國有企業(yè)改革。啟動實施電網(wǎng)主輔分離改革重組以及上網(wǎng)電價和非居民用電價格調(diào)整方案?；就瓿舌l(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)機構(gòu)改革。事業(yè)單位分類改革有序開展。

我們堅持出口和進口并重，利用外資和對外投資并舉，全面提升開放型經(jīng)濟水平。積極推進市場多元化戰(zhàn)略，努力優(yōu)化貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)。全年貨物進出口總額

3．64萬億美元，增長22．5%，其中，出口增長20．3%，進口增長24．9%，貿(mào)易順差進一步下降。實際使用外商直接投資1160億美元，服務(wù)業(yè)和中西部地區(qū)比重提高。企業(yè)“走出去”步伐加快，非金融類對外直接投資601億美元。積極參與國際和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟合作，多邊雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系繼續(xù)深化。

我們在民主法制建設(shè)、國防和軍隊建設(shè)、港澳臺工作和外交工作等方面，都取得了卓有成效的進展。

第三篇：2011年溫家寶總理政府工作報告

2011年總理作政府工作報告(全文)

各位代表：

現(xiàn)在，我代表國務(wù)院，向大會作政府工作報告，請各位代表審議，并請全國政協(xié)委員提出意見。

一、“十一五”時期國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的回顧

“十一五”時期是我國發(fā)展進程中極不平凡的五年。面對國內(nèi)外復(fù)雜形勢和一系列重大風(fēng)險挑戰(zhàn)，中國共產(chǎn)黨團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全國各族人民，全面推進改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，國家面貌發(fā)生了歷史性變化。

這五年，我國社會生產(chǎn)力、綜合國力顯著提高。我們有效應(yīng)對國際金融危機沖擊，保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，勝利完成“十一五”規(guī)劃的主要目標(biāo)和任務(wù)，國民經(jīng)濟邁上新的臺階。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值達到39.8萬億元，年均增長11.2%，財政收入從3.16萬億元增加到8.31萬億元。載人航天、探月工程、超級計算機等前沿科技實現(xiàn)重大突破。國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得重大成就。

這五年，各項社會事業(yè)加快發(fā)展、人民生活明顯改善。教育、科技、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育事業(yè)全面進步。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)5771萬人，轉(zhuǎn)移農(nóng)業(yè)勞動力4500萬人；城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)村居民人均純收入年均分別實際增長9.7%和8.9%；覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的社會保障體系逐步健全。

這五年，改革開放取得重大進展。重點領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革實現(xiàn)新突破，社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制更加完善。去年對外貿(mào)易總額達到2.97萬億美元，開放型經(jīng)濟水平快速提升。

這五年，我國國際地位和影響力顯著提高。我們在國際事務(wù)中發(fā)揮重要的建設(shè)性作用，有力維護國家主權(quán)、安全和發(fā)展利益，全方位外交取得重大進展。我們成功舉辦北京奧運會、上海世博會，實現(xiàn)了中華民族的百年夢想。

這些輝煌成就，充分顯示了中國特色社會主義的優(yōu)越性，展現(xiàn)了改革開放的偉大力量，極大增強了全國各族人民的自信心和自豪感，增強了中華民族的凝聚力和向心力，必將激勵我們在新的歷史征程上奮勇前進。

五年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

（一）加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控，促進經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。我們注重把握宏觀調(diào)

技術(shù)和關(guān)鍵裝備技術(shù)，一大批科研成果實現(xiàn)了產(chǎn)業(yè)化。服務(wù)業(yè)快速發(fā)展，在國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值中占比提高2.5個百分點?；A(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)明顯加快，五年建成鐵路新線1.6萬公里，新增公路63.9萬公里，其中高速公路3.3萬公里，新建、改擴建機場33個，新建和加固堤防1.7萬公里。二是扎實推進節(jié)能減排、生態(tài)建設(shè)和環(huán)境保護。提出到2020年我國控制溫室氣體排放行動目標(biāo)和政策措施，制定實施節(jié)能減排綜合性工作方案。大力發(fā)展清潔能源，新增發(fā)電裝機容量4.45億千瓦，其中水電9601萬千瓦、核電384萬千瓦。關(guān)停小火電機組7210萬千瓦，淘汰了一批落后的煤炭、鋼鐵、水泥、焦炭產(chǎn)能。推進林業(yè)重點生態(tài)工程建設(shè)，完成造林2529萬公頃。綜合治理水土流失面積23萬平方公里，加強重點流域水污染防治、大氣污染防治和工業(yè)“三廢”治理。大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟。五年累計，單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降19.1%，化學(xué)需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分別下降12.45%、14.29%。三是促進區(qū)域經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。落實區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略，頒布實施全國主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃，制定西部大開發(fā)新十年指導(dǎo)意見和一系列區(qū)域發(fā)展規(guī)劃，推進促進西藏和四省藏區(qū)、新疆等民族地區(qū)跨越式發(fā)展的新舉措。中西部和東北地區(qū)發(fā)展加快，經(jīng)濟增速等主要指標(biāo)超過全國平均水平；東部地區(qū)經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)不斷優(yōu)化，自主創(chuàng)新和競爭力逐步提高；地區(qū)間基本公共服務(wù)差距趨于縮小，各具特色的區(qū)域發(fā)展格局初步形成。

（四）堅定不移深化改革開放，增強經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展內(nèi)在活力。財政轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度逐步完善，縣級基本財力保障機制初步建立。增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型全面實施，成品油價格和稅費改革順利推進，資源稅改革啟動試點，內(nèi)外資企業(yè)稅制全面統(tǒng)一。國有大型商業(yè)銀行股份制改革順利完成，政策性金融機構(gòu)改革、農(nóng)村信用社改革積極推進；平穩(wěn)解決上市公司股權(quán)分置問題，創(chuàng)業(yè)板、股指期貨和融資融券順利推出，債券市場穩(wěn)步發(fā)展；深入推進保險業(yè)改革開放；人民幣匯率形成機制改革有序推進，跨境貿(mào)易人民幣結(jié)算試點不斷擴大。國有企業(yè)公司制股份制改革、國有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管體制改革取得積極進展。郵政體制改革加快推進。制定實施促進中小企業(yè)發(fā)展和民間投資的一系列政策，非公有制經(jīng)濟發(fā)展環(huán)境不斷改善，多種所有制經(jīng)濟共同發(fā)展。

不斷拓展對外開放的廣度和深度。進出口總額年均增長15.9%，結(jié)構(gòu)不斷優(yōu)化。貿(mào)易順差連續(xù)兩年下降，2010年比上年減少6.4%。利用外資水平進一步提

項資金，改造和新建2.3萬所鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院、1500所縣醫(yī)院、500所縣中醫(yī)院和1000所縣婦幼保健院，建立了2400所社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心。制定并實施國家中長期人才發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要。人口規(guī)劃目標(biāo)順利實現(xiàn)。文化體制改革取得重要進展。公共文化服務(wù)體系建設(shè)明顯加快，文化產(chǎn)業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展。哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)和新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)繁榮進步。城鄉(xiāng)公共體育設(shè)施建設(shè)加快，全民健身活動蔚然成風(fēng)。法制建設(shè)全面推進，“五五”普法順利完成。創(chuàng)新和加強社會管理，社會保持和諧穩(wěn)定。

抗擊汶川特大地震等嚴(yán)重自然災(zāi)害的斗爭取得重大勝利，汶川災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建三年任務(wù)兩年基本完成，玉樹強烈地震和舟曲特大山洪泥石流災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建有序推進。經(jīng)過災(zāi)難的洗禮，中國人民更加成熟、自信、堅強，中華民族百折不撓、自強不息的偉大精神不可戰(zhàn)勝。

五年來，我們不斷深化行政管理體制改革，加快轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能，全面完成了新一輪政府機構(gòu)改革，深入推進依法行政，建設(shè)法治政府和服務(wù)型政府，推進政務(wù)公開，加強行政問責(zé)，堅持不懈地開展反腐敗斗爭，政府自身建設(shè)取得積極進展。

過去五年，我們是一步一個腳印走過來的，中國人民有理由為此感到自豪！五年的成績來之不易。這是以總書記同志為總書記的黨中央總攬全局、正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果，是全黨全國各族人民共同努力奮斗的結(jié)果。在這里，我代表國務(wù)院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝！向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝！向關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝！

我們清醒地認識到，我國發(fā)展中不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問題依然突出。主要是：經(jīng)濟增長的資源環(huán)境約束強化，投資與消費關(guān)系失衡，收入分配差距較大，科技創(chuàng)新能力不強，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理，農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)仍然薄弱，城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)，就業(yè)總量壓力和結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾并存，制約科學(xué)發(fā)展的體制機制障礙依然較多；服務(wù)業(yè)增加值和就業(yè)比重、研究與試驗發(fā)展經(jīng)費支出占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總之比重沒有完成“十一五”規(guī)劃目標(biāo)。一些群眾反映強烈的問題沒有根本解決，主要是：優(yōu)質(zhì)教育、醫(yī)療資源總量不足、分布不均；物價上漲壓力加大，部分城市房價漲幅過高；違法征地拆遷等引發(fā)的社會矛盾增多；食品安全問題比較突出；一些領(lǐng)域腐敗現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重。我們一定要以對國家和人民高度負責(zé)的精神，通過艱苦細致的工作和堅

受的程度統(tǒng)一起來，以改革促進和諧穩(wěn)定，確保人民安居樂業(yè)、社會安寧有序、國家長治久安。

二、“十二五”時期的主要目標(biāo)和任務(wù)

根據(jù)《中共中央關(guān)于制定國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展第十二個五年規(guī)劃的建議》，我們編制了《國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展第十二個五年規(guī)劃綱要（草案）》，提交大會審議。

“十二五”是全面建設(shè)小康社會的關(guān)鍵時期，是深化改革開放、加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式的攻堅時期。從國際看，世界多極化、經(jīng)濟全球化深入發(fā)展，和平、發(fā)展、合作仍是時代潮流。國際金融危機影響深遠，世界經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)加快調(diào)整，全球經(jīng)濟治理機制深刻變革，科技創(chuàng)新和產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型孕育突破，發(fā)展中國家特別是新興市場國家整體實力步入上升期。從國內(nèi)看，我國發(fā)展的有利條件和長期向好的趨勢沒有改，工業(yè)化、信息化、城鎮(zhèn)化、市場化、國際化深入發(fā)展，市場需求潛力巨大，資金供給充裕，科技和教育水平整體提升，勞動力素質(zhì)提高，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施日益完善，政府宏觀調(diào)控和應(yīng)對重大挑戰(zhàn)的能力明顯增強，社會大局保持穩(wěn)定。綜合判斷國際國內(nèi)形勢，我國發(fā)展仍處于可以大有作為的重要戰(zhàn)略機遇期。

我們要高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，適應(yīng)國內(nèi)外形勢新變化，順應(yīng)各族人民過上更好生活新期待，以科學(xué)發(fā)展為主題，以加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式為主線，深化改革開放，保障和改善民生，鞏固和擴大應(yīng)對國際金融危機沖擊成果，促進經(jīng)濟長期平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展和社會和諧穩(wěn)定，為全面建成小康社會打下具有決定性意義的基礎(chǔ)。

我們要推動經(jīng)濟發(fā)展再上新臺階。今后五年，我國經(jīng)濟增長預(yù)期目標(biāo)是在明顯提高質(zhì)量和效益的基礎(chǔ)上年均增長7%。按2010年價格計算，2015年國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值將超過55萬億元。要繼續(xù)加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控，保持價格總水平基本穩(wěn)定，把短期調(diào)控政策和長期發(fā)展政策結(jié)合起來，堅持實施擴大內(nèi)需戰(zhàn)略，充分挖掘我國內(nèi)需的巨大潛力，加快形成消費、投資、出口協(xié)調(diào)拉動經(jīng)濟增長的新局面。

參保率，政策范圍內(nèi)的醫(yī)保基金支付水平提高到70%以上，全國城鎮(zhèn)保障性住房覆蓋面達到20%左右。堅持計劃生育基本國策，逐步完善政策，促進人口長期均衡發(fā)展，人均預(yù)期壽命提高1歲。

我們要全面深化改革開放。更加重視改革頂層設(shè)計和總體規(guī)劃，大力推進經(jīng)濟體制改革，積極穩(wěn)妥地推進政治體制改革，加快推進文化體制、社會體制改革，不斷完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制，擴大社會主義民主，完善社會主義法制，使上層建筑更加適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)發(fā)展變化，為科學(xué)發(fā)展提供有力保障。堅持和完善基本經(jīng)濟制度，營造各種所有制經(jīng)濟依法平等使用生產(chǎn)要素、公平參與市場競爭、同等受到法律保護的體制環(huán)境。加快財稅金融體制改革，積極構(gòu)建有利于轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式的財稅體制，構(gòu)建組織多元、服務(wù)高效、監(jiān)管審慎、風(fēng)險可控的金融體系。深化資源性產(chǎn)品價格和環(huán)保收費改革，建立健全能夠靈活反映市場供求關(guān)系、資源稀缺程度和環(huán)境損害成本的資源性產(chǎn)品價格形成機制。實施更加積極主動的開放戰(zhàn)略，培育參與國際合作與競爭新優(yōu)勢，進一步形成互利共贏的開放新格局。

我們要不斷加強政府自身改革建設(shè)。政府的一切權(quán)力都是人民賦予的，必須對人民負責(zé)，為人民謀利益，接受人民監(jiān)督；必須最廣泛地動員和組織人民依法管理國家和社會事務(wù)，管理經(jīng)濟和文化事業(yè)；必須堅持依法治國基本方略，加強維護群眾利益的法規(guī)建設(shè)，推進依法行政；必須實行科學(xué)、民主決策，建立健全決策、執(zhí)行、監(jiān)督既相互制約又相互協(xié)調(diào)的運行機制，確保權(quán)力正確行使；必須從制度上改變權(quán)力過分集中而又得不到制約的狀況，堅決懲治和預(yù)防腐?。槐仨毐Ｕ先嗣竦拿裰鳈?quán)力和合法權(quán)益，維護社會公平正義。

總之，經(jīng)過未來五年努力，實現(xiàn)“十二五”規(guī)劃的各項目標(biāo)，我國的綜合國力就會有更大的提升，人民生活就會有更大的改善，國家面貌就會發(fā)生更大的變化。

三、2011年的工作

2011年，是“十二五”開局之年，做好今年的工作對于完成“十二五”各項目標(biāo)任務(wù)至關(guān)重要。過去一年，我們的各項工作取得了很大成績。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長10.3%，居民消費價格漲幅控制在3.3%，城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1168萬人，國際收支狀況有所改善。這為做好今年的工作打下了良好基礎(chǔ)。

今年，我國發(fā)展面臨的形勢仍然極其復(fù)雜。世界經(jīng)濟將繼續(xù)緩慢復(fù)蘇，但復(fù)蘇的基礎(chǔ)不牢。發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體經(jīng)濟增長乏力，失業(yè)率居高難下，一些國家主權(quán)債務(wù)

險管理，提高投資收益。

今年，重點要做好以下幾方面工作。

（一）保持物價總水平基本穩(wěn)定

當(dāng)前，物價上漲較快，通脹預(yù)期增強，這個問題涉及民生、關(guān)系全局、影響穩(wěn)定。要把穩(wěn)定物價總水平作為宏觀調(diào)控的首要任務(wù)，充分發(fā)揮我國主要工業(yè)品總體供大于求、糧食庫存充裕、外匯儲備較多等有利條件，努力消除輸入性、結(jié)構(gòu)性通脹因素的不利影響，消化要素成本上漲壓力，正確引導(dǎo)市場預(yù)期，堅持抑制價格上漲勢頭。要以經(jīng)濟和法律手段為主，輔之以必要的行政手段，全面加強價格調(diào)控和監(jiān)管。一是有效管理市場流動性，控制物價過快上漲的貨幣條件。把握好政府管理商品和服務(wù)價格的調(diào)整時機、節(jié)奏和力度。二是大力發(fā)展生產(chǎn)，保障主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、基本生活必需品、重要生產(chǎn)資料的生產(chǎn)和供應(yīng)。落實“米袋子”省長負責(zé)制和“菜籃子”市長負責(zé)制。三是加強農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系建設(shè)，積極開展“農(nóng)超對接”，暢通鮮活農(nóng)產(chǎn)品運輸“綠色通道”。完善重要商品儲備制度和主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品臨時收儲制度，把握好國家儲備吞吐調(diào)控時機，搞好進出口調(diào)節(jié)，增強市場調(diào)控能力。四是加強價格監(jiān)管，維護市場秩序。特別要強化價格執(zhí)法，嚴(yán)肅查處惡意炒作、串通漲價、哄抬價格等不法行為。五是完善補貼制度，建立健全社會救助和保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與物價上漲掛鉤的聯(lián)動機制，絕不能讓物價上漲影響低收入群眾的正常生活。

（二）進一步擴大內(nèi)需特別是居民消費需求

擴大內(nèi)需是我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的長期額戰(zhàn)略方針和基本立足點，也是促進經(jīng)濟均衡發(fā)展的根本途徑和內(nèi)在要求。

積極擴大消費需求。積極增加政府用于改善和擴大消費的支出，增加對城鎮(zhèn)低收入居民和農(nóng)民的補貼。繼續(xù)實施家電下鄉(xiāng)和以舊換新政策。加強農(nóng)村和中小城市商貿(mào)流通、文化體育、旅游、寬帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。大力促進文化消費、旅游消費和養(yǎng)老消費。推動農(nóng)村商業(yè)連鎖經(jīng)營和統(tǒng)一配送，優(yōu)化城鎮(zhèn)商業(yè)網(wǎng)點布局，積極發(fā)展電子商務(wù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物、地理信息等新型服務(wù)業(yè)態(tài)。大力整頓和規(guī)范市場秩序，切實維護消費者權(quán)益。深入開展打擊侵犯知識產(chǎn)權(quán)和制售假冒偽劣商品的專項治理行動。

大力優(yōu)化投資結(jié)構(gòu)。認真落實國務(wù)院關(guān)于鼓勵引導(dǎo)民間投資新36條，抓緊

1農(nóng)”的投入擬安排9884.5億元，比上年增加1304.8億元。繼續(xù)增加對農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)補貼，新增補貼重點向主產(chǎn)區(qū)、重點品種、專業(yè)大戶、農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作組織傾斜。增加中央財政對糧食、油料、生豬調(diào)出大縣的一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付，擴大獎勵補助規(guī)模和范圍。引導(dǎo)金融機構(gòu)增加涉農(nóng)信貸投放，確保涉農(nóng)貸款增量占比不低于上年。加大政策性金融對“三農(nóng)”的支持力度。健全政策性農(nóng)業(yè)保險制度，建立農(nóng)業(yè)再保險和巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險分散機制。

深化農(nóng)村改革，增強農(nóng)村發(fā)展活力。堅持和完善農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營制度，健全覆蓋耕地、林地、草原等家庭承包經(jīng)營制度。有序推進農(nóng)村土地管理制度改革。探索建立耕地保護補償機制。繼續(xù)推進農(nóng)村綜合改革。全面實施村級公益事業(yè)建設(shè)一事一議財政獎補，大幅增加獎補資金規(guī)模。加快發(fā)展農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作組織和農(nóng)業(yè)社會化服務(wù)體系，提高農(nóng)業(yè)組織化程度。年底前，在全國普遍建立健全鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)或區(qū)域性農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣、動植物疫病防控、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)管等公共服務(wù)機構(gòu)。

解決13億中國人的吃飯問題始終是頭等大事，任何時候都不能掉以輕心。我們有信心也有能力辦好這件大事。

（四）加快推進經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整

這是轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式的主攻方向。要推動經(jīng)濟盡快走上內(nèi)生增長、創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動的軌道。調(diào)整優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。加快構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，推動產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級。一是改造提升制造業(yè)。加大企業(yè)技術(shù)改造力度，重點增強新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)能力和品牌創(chuàng)建能力，提高能源資源綜合利用水平、技術(shù)工藝系統(tǒng)集成水平，提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、技術(shù)含量和附加值。推動重點行業(yè)企業(yè)跨地區(qū)兼并重組。完善落后產(chǎn)能退出機制和配套政策。二是加快培育發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。積極發(fā)展新一代信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)，建設(shè)高性能寬帶信息網(wǎng)，加快實現(xiàn)“三網(wǎng)融合”，促進物聯(lián)網(wǎng)示范應(yīng)用。大力推動節(jié)能環(huán)保、新能源、生物、高端裝備制造、新材料、新能源汽車等產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。要抓緊制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，完善政策，加強創(chuàng)新能力建設(shè)，發(fā)揮科技型中小企業(yè)作用，促進戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展，加快形成生產(chǎn)能力和核心競爭力。三是大力發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)。加快發(fā)展生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)，積極發(fā)展生活性服務(wù)業(yè)。大力發(fā)展和提升軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)。著力營造有利于服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展的市場環(huán)境，加快完善促進服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展的政策體系。盡快實現(xiàn)鼓勵類服務(wù)業(yè)用電、用水、用氣、用熱與工業(yè)基本同價。四是加強現(xiàn)代能源產(chǎn)業(yè)和綜合運輸體系建設(shè)。積極推動能源生產(chǎn)和利用方式變革，提高能源利

3理，實施天然林資源保護二期工程，落實草原生態(tài)保護補助獎勵政策，鞏固退耕還林還草、退牧還草等成果，大力開展植樹造林，加強濕地保護與恢復(fù)，推進荒漠化、石漠化綜合治理。完善防災(zāi)減災(zāi)應(yīng)急預(yù)案，加快山洪地質(zhì)災(zāi)害易發(fā)區(qū)調(diào)查評價、監(jiān)測預(yù)警、防治應(yīng)急等體制建設(shè)。

（五）大力實施科教興國戰(zhàn)略和人才強國戰(zhàn)略

科技、教育和人才是國家發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)和根本，必須始終放在重要的戰(zhàn)略位置。

堅持優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育。推動教育事業(yè)科學(xué)發(fā)展，為人們提供更加多樣、更加公平、更高質(zhì)量的教育。2012年財政性教育經(jīng)費支出占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重達到4%。加快發(fā)展學(xué)前教育。公辦民辦并舉，增加學(xué)前教育資源，抓緊解決“入園難”問題。促進義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展。加強義務(wù)教育階段學(xué)校標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)，公共資源配置重點向農(nóng)村和城市薄弱學(xué)校傾斜。以流入地政府和公辦學(xué)校為主，切實保障農(nóng)民工隨遷子女平等接受義務(wù)教育。支持民族地區(qū)教育發(fā)展，做好“雙語”教學(xué)工作。全面推進素質(zhì)教育。加快教育改革，切實減輕中小學(xué)生過重課業(yè)負擔(dān)，注重引導(dǎo)和培養(yǎng)孩子們獨立思考、實踐創(chuàng)新能力。保證中小學(xué)生每天一小時校園體育活動。大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育。引導(dǎo)高中階段學(xué)校和高等學(xué)校辦出特色，提高教育質(zhì)量，增向?qū)W生就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)能力。加強重點學(xué)科建設(shè)，加快建設(shè)一批世界一流大學(xué)。支持特殊教育發(fā)展。落實和完善國家助學(xué)制度，無論哪個教育階段，都要確保每個孩子不因家庭經(jīng)濟困難而失學(xué)。

全面加強人才工作。以高層次和高技能人才為重點，加快培養(yǎng)造就一大批創(chuàng)新型科技人才和急需之緊缺人才。加大人才開發(fā)投入，推進重大人才工作。深化選人用人制度改革，努力營造平等公開、競爭擇優(yōu)的制度和社會環(huán)境，激勵優(yōu)秀人才脫穎而出，創(chuàng)造人盡其才的良好局面。

大力推進科技創(chuàng)新。加快實施國家科技重大專項，突破一批核心關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，提升重大集成創(chuàng)新能力。加強基礎(chǔ)研究、前沿技術(shù)研究，增強原始創(chuàng)新能力。推動建立企業(yè)主導(dǎo)技術(shù)研發(fā)創(chuàng)新的體制機制。鼓勵企業(yè)共同出資開展關(guān)鍵共性技術(shù)研發(fā)，共擔(dān)風(fēng)險、共享成果，對符合國家戰(zhàn)略方向的項目，政府要從政策和資金上給予支持。深化科技管理體制改革，促進科技資源優(yōu)化配置、高效利用和開放共享。激勵科研院所、高等學(xué)校和廣大科技人員以多種形式與企業(yè)合作。保持財政科技投入穩(wěn)定增長，提高科研經(jīng)費使用效率。堅定不移地實施國家知識產(chǎn)權(quán)戰(zhàn)

5點解決城鎮(zhèn)中低收入家庭住房困難，切實穩(wěn)定房地產(chǎn)市場價格，滿足居民合理住房需求。一是進一步擴大保障性住房建設(shè)規(guī)模。今年要再開工建設(shè)保障性住房、棚戶區(qū)改造住房共1000萬套，改造農(nóng)村危房150萬戶。重點發(fā)展公共租賃住房。中央財政預(yù)算擬安排補助資金1030億元，比上年增加265億元。各級政府要多渠道籌集資金，大幅度增加投入。抓緊建立保障性住房使用、運營、退出等管理制度，提高透明度，加強社會監(jiān)督，保證符合條件的家庭受益。二是進一步落實和完善房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控政策，堅決遏制部分城市房價過快上漲勢頭。制定并向社會公布住房建設(shè)計劃，在新增建設(shè)用地計劃中，單列保障性住房用地，做到應(yīng)保盡保。重點增加中小套型普通商品住房建設(shè)。規(guī)范發(fā)展住房租賃市場。嚴(yán)格落實差別化住房信貸、稅收政策，調(diào)整完善房地產(chǎn)相關(guān)稅收政策，加強稅收征管，有效遏制投機投資性購房。加強房地產(chǎn)市場監(jiān)測和市場行為監(jiān)管，嚴(yán)厲查處各類違法違規(guī)行為。三是建立健全考核問責(zé)機制。穩(wěn)定房價和住房保障工作實行省級人民政府負總責(zé)，市縣人民政府負直接責(zé)任。有關(guān)部門要加快完善巡查、考評、約談和問責(zé)制度，對穩(wěn)定房價、推進保障性住房建設(shè)工作不力，從而影響社會發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定的地方，要追究責(zé)任。

今年要把新農(nóng)合和城鎮(zhèn)居民醫(yī)保財政補助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到200元。四是完成農(nóng)村三級衛(wèi)生服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和城市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機構(gòu)建設(shè)任務(wù)。今年全國人均基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)經(jīng)費標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到25元。加強重大傳染病、慢性病、職業(yè)病、地方病和精神疾病的預(yù)防控制和規(guī)范管理。加強婦幼保健工作，繼續(xù)推進適齡婦女宮頸癌、乳腺癌免費檢查和救治保障試點。認真做好艾滋病防治工作。大力發(fā)展中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)，落實各項扶持政策。五是鼓勵社會資本舉辦醫(yī)療機構(gòu)。放寬社會資本和外資舉辦醫(yī)療機構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)入范圍。完善和推進醫(yī)生多點執(zhí)業(yè)制度，鼓勵醫(yī)生在各類醫(yī)療機構(gòu)之間合理流動和在基層開設(shè)診所，為人民群眾提供便捷的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。

7單位轉(zhuǎn)企改制。大力發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè)，培育新型文化業(yè)態(tài)，推動文化產(chǎn)業(yè)成為國民經(jīng)濟支柱性產(chǎn)業(yè)。大力開展全民健身活動，促進群眾體育和競技體育協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。加強對外文化體育交流與合作，不斷擴大中華文化國際影響力，讓博大精深的中華文化再展輝煌。

（八）深入推進重點領(lǐng)域改革

繼續(xù)推進國有經(jīng)濟戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整，健全國有資本有進有退、合理流動機制。完善國有金融資產(chǎn)、非經(jīng)營性資產(chǎn)和自然資源資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管體制，加強境外國有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管。繼續(xù)鼓勵、支持和引導(dǎo)非公有制經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。健全財力與事權(quán)相匹配的財稅體制，清理和歸并專項轉(zhuǎn)移支付項目，增加一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付，健全縣級基本財力保障機制。在一些生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)領(lǐng)域推行增值稅改革試點，推進資源稅改革。深化預(yù)算管理制度改革，全面編制政府性基金預(yù)算，擴大國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算范圍，試編社會保險基金預(yù)算。繼續(xù)深化金融企業(yè)改革，加快建立現(xiàn)代金融企業(yè)制度。加快培育農(nóng)村新型金融機構(gòu)。繼續(xù)大力發(fā)展金融市場，鼓勵金融創(chuàng)新。推進利率市場化改革。擴大人民幣在跨境貿(mào)易和投資中的使用。推進人民幣資本項下可兌換工作。加強和改善金融監(jiān)管，建立健全系統(tǒng)性金融風(fēng)險防范預(yù)警體系和處置機制。完善成品油、天然氣價格形成機制和各類電價定價機制。推進水價改革。研究制定排污權(quán)有償使用和交易試點的指導(dǎo)意見。價格改革要充分考慮人民群眾特別是低收入群眾的承受能力。按照政事分開、事企分開、管辦分開、營利性與非營利性分開的要求，積極穩(wěn)妥地分類推進事業(yè)單位改革。

（九）進一步提高對外開放水平

中國的發(fā)展離不開世界。要積極發(fā)展互利互惠的多雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系，不斷拓展新的開放領(lǐng)域和空間。繼續(xù)推動多哈回合談判，反對各種形式的保護主義，促進國際經(jīng)濟秩序朝著更加公正、合理、共贏的方向發(fā)展。

切實轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)發(fā)展方式。在大力優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)和提高效益的基礎(chǔ)上，保持對外貿(mào)易穩(wěn)定增長。無論是一般貿(mào)易還是加工貿(mào)易出口，都要繼續(xù)發(fā)揮勞動力資源優(yōu)勢，都要減少能源資源消耗，都要向產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈高端延伸，都要提高質(zhì)量、檔次和附加值。積極擴大自主品牌產(chǎn)品出口。大力發(fā)展服務(wù)貿(mào)易和服務(wù)外包，不斷提高服務(wù)貿(mào)易的比重。堅持進口和出口并重，擴大先進技術(shù)設(shè)備、關(guān)鍵零部件和能源原材料進口，促進從最不發(fā)達國家和主要順差來源國增加進口，逐步改善貿(mào)易不平衡狀況，9人士和信教群眾在促進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、社會和諧中的積極作用。

繼續(xù)加強僑務(wù)工作，維護海外僑胞、歸僑僑眷的合法權(quán)益，充分發(fā)揮他們在促進祖國統(tǒng)一和民族振興中的獨特作用。

各位代表！

建立鞏固的國防，建設(shè)強大的人民軍隊，是維護國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益和全面建設(shè)小康社會的重要保障。要緊緊圍繞黨和國家工作大局，著眼有效履行新世紀(jì)新階段我軍歷史使命，全面加強軍隊革命化現(xiàn)代化正規(guī)化建設(shè)，不斷提高以打贏信息化條件下局部戰(zhàn)爭能力為核心的完成多樣化軍事任務(wù)的能力。堅持把思想政治建設(shè)擺在首位。積極開展信息化條件下的軍事訓(xùn)練。加快全面建設(shè)現(xiàn)代后勤步伐。推動軍民融合式發(fā)展，加強國防科研和武器裝備建設(shè)。積極穩(wěn)妥地推進國防和軍隊改革。堅持依法治軍、從嚴(yán)治軍。堅決完成搶險救災(zāi)等急難險重任務(wù)。建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化武裝警察力量，增強執(zhí)勤、處置突發(fā)事件和反恐維穩(wěn)能力。加強國防動員和后備力量建設(shè)，鞏固和發(fā)展軍政軍民團結(jié)。

各位代表！

我們將堅定不移地貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，全力支持香港、澳門兩個特別行政區(qū)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟，改善民生。支持香港鞏固和提升國際金融、貿(mào)易、航運中心地位。支持澳門建設(shè)世界旅游休閑中心，促進經(jīng)濟適度多元發(fā)展。充分發(fā)揮香港、澳門在國家整體發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略中的獨特作用。進一步提高內(nèi)地與港澳合作的機制化水平，支持粵港澳深化區(qū)域合作，實現(xiàn)互利共贏。在中華民族偉大復(fù)興的歷史進程中，祖國內(nèi)地人們將與港澳同胞攜手奮進，共享偉大祖國的尊嚴(yán)與榮耀！

我們將堅持以新形勢下發(fā)展的兩岸關(guān)系、促進祖國和平統(tǒng)一的大政方針和各項政策。繼續(xù)推進兩岸協(xié)商，積極落實兩岸經(jīng)濟合作框架協(xié)議，加強產(chǎn)業(yè)合作，加快新興產(chǎn)業(yè)、金融等現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)合作發(fā)展，支持有條件的大陸企業(yè)赴臺投資。支持海峽西岸經(jīng)濟區(qū)在推進兩岸交流合作中發(fā)揮先行先試作用。深入開展兩岸社會各界交流，積極拓展兩岸文化教育合作。增進兩岸政治互信，鞏固兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的政治基礎(chǔ)，共同維護兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的良好局面。我們堅信，只要海內(nèi)外中華兒女繼續(xù)共同努力奮斗，祖國和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)！

各位代表！

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第四篇：2011年溫家寶總理政府工作報告

2011年溫家寶總理政府工作報告

各位代表：現(xiàn)在，我代表國務(wù)院，向大會作政府工作報告，請各位代表審議，并請全國政協(xié)委員提出意見。

一、“十一五”時期國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的回顧。

五年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

（一）加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控，促進經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。我們注重把握宏觀調(diào)控的方向、重點和力度，牢牢掌握經(jīng)濟工作的主動權(quán)。“十一五”前期，針對投資增長過快、貿(mào)易順差過大、流動性過剩，以及結(jié)構(gòu)性、輸入性物價上漲等問題，采取正確的政策措施，有效防止苗頭性問題演變成趨勢性問題、局部性問題演變成全局性問題。近兩年，面對百年罕見的國際金融危機沖擊，我們沉著應(yīng)對，科學(xué)決策，果斷實行積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策。堅持實施一攬子計劃，大規(guī)模增加政府支出和實行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅，大范圍實施重點產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整振興規(guī)劃，大力推進自主創(chuàng)新和加強科技支撐，大幅度提高社會保障水平。堅持?jǐn)U大內(nèi)需的戰(zhàn)略方針，采取鼓勵消費的一系列政策措施，增加城鄉(xiāng)居民特別是低收入群眾收入，消費規(guī)模持續(xù)擴大，結(jié)構(gòu)不斷升級。實施兩年新增4萬億元的投資計劃，其中，新增中央投資1.18萬億元，保障性安居工程、農(nóng)村民生工程和社會事業(yè)投資占43.7%，自主創(chuàng)新、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)建設(shè)占15.3%，重大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)占23.6%，災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建占14.8%，政府投資引導(dǎo)帶動社會投資，國內(nèi)需求大幅增加，有效彌補外需缺口，較短時間內(nèi)扭轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)濟增速下滑趨勢，在世界率先實現(xiàn)回升向好，既戰(zhàn)勝了特殊困難、有力地保障和改善了民生，又為長遠發(fā)展奠定了堅實基礎(chǔ)。

（二）毫不放松地做好“三農(nóng)”工作，鞏固和加強農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。中央財政“三農(nóng)”投入累計近3萬億元，年均增幅超過23%。徹底取消農(nóng)業(yè)稅和各種收費，結(jié)束了農(nóng)民種田交稅的歷史，每年減輕農(nóng)民負擔(dān)超過1335億元。建立種糧農(nóng)民補貼制度和主產(chǎn)區(qū)利益補償機制，農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)補貼資金去年達到1226億元。對重點糧食品種實行最低收購價和臨時收儲政策，小麥、稻谷最低收購價提高了25%到40%。嚴(yán)格保護耕地。著力推進農(nóng)業(yè)科技進步。糧食產(chǎn)量屢創(chuàng)歷史新高，去年達到1.09萬億斤，連續(xù)7年增產(chǎn)；農(nóng)民人均純收入達到5919元，實現(xiàn)持續(xù)較快增長。農(nóng)村綜合改革穩(wěn)步推進，集體林權(quán)制度改革、國有農(nóng)場管理體制改革全面推開。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施加快建設(shè)，完成7356座大中型和重點小型水庫除險加固，解決2.15億農(nóng)村人口飲水安全問題，農(nóng)民的日子越過越好，農(nóng)村發(fā)展進入一個新時代。

（三）大力推進經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，提高經(jīng)濟增長質(zhì)量和效益。一是加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和自主創(chuàng)新。積極推進企業(yè)技術(shù)改造和兼并重組，工業(yè)特別是裝備制造業(yè)總體水平和競爭力明顯提高。戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)迅速成長。加快建設(shè)國家創(chuàng)新體系，實施知識創(chuàng)新工程和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新工程，突破了一批產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展急需的前沿技術(shù)、核心技術(shù)和關(guān)鍵裝備技術(shù)，一大批科研成果實現(xiàn)了產(chǎn)業(yè)化。服務(wù)業(yè)快速發(fā)展，在國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值中占比提高2.5個百分點?；A(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)明顯加快，五年建成鐵路新線1.6萬公里，新增公路63.9萬公里，其中高速公路3.3萬公里，新建、改擴建機場33個，新建和加固堤防1.7萬公里。二是扎實推進節(jié)能減排、生態(tài)建設(shè)和環(huán)境保護。提出到2020年我國控制溫室氣體排放行動目標(biāo)和政策措施，制定實施節(jié)能減排綜合性工作方案。大力發(fā)展清潔能源，新增發(fā)電裝機容量4.45億千瓦，其中水電9601萬千瓦、核電384萬千瓦。關(guān)停小火電機組7210萬千瓦，淘汰了一批落后的煤炭、鋼鐵、水泥、焦炭產(chǎn)能。推進林業(yè)重點生態(tài)工程建設(shè)，完成造林2529萬公頃。綜合治理水土流失面積23萬平方公里，加強重點流域水污染防治、大氣污染防治和工業(yè)“三廢”治理。大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟。五年累計，單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降19.1%，化學(xué)需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分別下降12.45%、14.29%。三是促進區(qū)域經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。落實區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略，頒布實施全國主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃，制定西部大開發(fā)新十年指導(dǎo)意見和一系列區(qū)域發(fā)展規(guī)劃，推進促進西藏和四省藏區(qū)、新疆等民族地區(qū)跨越式發(fā)展的新舉措。中西部和東北地區(qū)發(fā)展加快，經(jīng)濟增速等主要指標(biāo)超過全國平均水平；東部地區(qū)經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)不斷優(yōu)化，自主創(chuàng)新和競爭力逐步提高；地區(qū)間基本公共服務(wù)差距趨于縮小，各具特色的區(qū)域發(fā)展格局初步形成。

（四）堅定不移深化改革開放，增強經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展內(nèi)在活力。財政轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度逐步完善，縣級基本財力保障機制初步建立。增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型全面實施，成品油價格和稅費改革順利推進，資源稅改

革啟動試點，內(nèi)外資企業(yè)稅制全面統(tǒng)一。國有大型商業(yè)銀行股份制改革順利完成，政策性金融機構(gòu)改革、農(nóng)村信用社改革積極推進；平穩(wěn)解決上市公司股權(quán)分置問題，創(chuàng)業(yè)板、股指期貨和融資融券順利推出，債券市場穩(wěn)步發(fā)展；深入推進保險業(yè)改革開放；人民幣匯率形成機制改革有序推進，跨境貿(mào)易人民幣結(jié)算試點不斷擴大。國有企業(yè)公司制股份制改革、國有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管體制改革取得積極進展。郵政體制改革加快推進。制定實施促進中小企業(yè)發(fā)展和民間投資的一系列政策，非公有制經(jīng)濟發(fā)展環(huán)境不斷改善，多種所有制經(jīng)濟共同發(fā)展。

不斷拓展對外開放的廣度和深度。進出口總額年均增長15.9%，結(jié)構(gòu)不斷優(yōu)化。貿(mào)易順差連續(xù)兩年下降，2010年比上年減少6.4%。利用外資水平進一步提高。企業(yè)“走出去”步伐明顯加快，累計對外直接投資2200億美元，對外工程承包和勞務(wù)合作營業(yè)額3352億美元。積極參與全球經(jīng)濟治理機制改革和區(qū)域合作機制建設(shè)，多邊、雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作繼續(xù)深化。對外援助規(guī)模持續(xù)擴大。對外開放有力促進了經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，增加了就業(yè)，吸收了先進技術(shù)和管理經(jīng)驗，大大提高了我國的國際地位。

（五）加快發(fā)展社會事業(yè)，切實保障和改善民生。始終堅持經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與社會發(fā)展相協(xié)調(diào)，圍繞改善民生謀發(fā)展。把就業(yè)放在經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的優(yōu)先位置。加強職業(yè)培訓(xùn)和就業(yè)服務(wù)，促進高校畢業(yè)生、農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)移勞動力、城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)困難人員就業(yè)，做好退役軍人就業(yè)安置工作。實施勞動合同法和就業(yè)促進法，普遍提高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，推動建立和諧勞動關(guān)系。覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的社會保障體系建設(shè)取得突破性進展，城鎮(zhèn)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險實現(xiàn)省級統(tǒng)籌，實施養(yǎng)老保險關(guān)系跨省轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)辦法，連續(xù)7年提高企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金水平，年均增長10%，新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險試點覆蓋24%的縣。積極穩(wěn)妥推進醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革，全面建立城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險制度、新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度，惠及4.32億城鎮(zhèn)職工和城鎮(zhèn)居民、8.35億農(nóng)村居民。最低生活保障制度實現(xiàn)全覆蓋，城鄉(xiāng)社會救助體系基本建立，社會福利、優(yōu)撫安置、慈善和殘疾人事業(yè)取得新進展。全國社會保障基金積累7810億元，比五年前增加5800多億元。大力實施保障性住房建設(shè)和棚戶區(qū)改造，使1100萬戶困難家庭住上了新房。我們要持之以恒，努力讓全體人民老有所養(yǎng)、病有所醫(yī)、住有所居。

制定和實施國家中長期教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要。五年全國財政教育支出累計4.45萬億元，年均增長22.4%。全面實現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)免費義務(wù)教育，所有適齡兒童都能“不花錢、有學(xué)上”。義務(wù)教育階段教師績效工資制度全面實施。中等職業(yè)教育對農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟困難家庭、城市低收入家庭和涉農(nóng)農(nóng)業(yè)的學(xué)生實行免費。加快實施國家助學(xué)制度，財政投入從2006年的18億元增加到2010年的306億元，覆蓋面從高等學(xué)校擴大到中等職業(yè)學(xué)校和普通高中，共資助學(xué)生2130萬名，還為1200多萬名義務(wù)教育寄宿生提供生活補助。加快農(nóng)村中小學(xué)危房改造和職業(yè)教育基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。全面提高高等教育質(zhì)量和水平，增強高校創(chuàng)新能力。制定并實施國家中長期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要，中央財政科技投入6197億元，年均增長22.7%，取得了一系列重大成果。大力加強基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)能力建設(shè)。國家財政安排專項資金，改造和新建2.3萬所鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院、1500所縣醫(yī)院、500所縣中醫(yī)院和1000所縣婦幼保健院，建立了2400所社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心。制定并實施國家中長期人才發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要。人口規(guī)劃目標(biāo)順利實現(xiàn)。文化體制改革取得重要進展。公共文化服務(wù)體系建設(shè)明顯加快，文化產(chǎn)業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展。哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)和新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)繁榮進步。城鄉(xiāng)公共體育設(shè)施建設(shè)加快，全民健身活動蔚然成風(fēng)。法制建設(shè)全面推進，“五五”普法順利完成。創(chuàng)新和加強社會管理，社會保持和諧穩(wěn)定。

二、“十二五”時期的主要目標(biāo)和任務(wù)

根據(jù)《中國共產(chǎn)黨中央關(guān)于制定國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展第十二個五年規(guī)劃的建議》，我們編制了《國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展第十二個五年規(guī)劃綱要（草案）》，提交大會審議。

我們要推動經(jīng)濟發(fā)展再上新臺階。今后五年，我國經(jīng)濟增長預(yù)期目標(biāo)是在明顯提高質(zhì)量和效益的基礎(chǔ)上年均增長7%。按2010年價格計算，2015年國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值將超過55萬億元。要繼續(xù)加強和改善宏

觀調(diào)控，保持價格總水平基本穩(wěn)定，把短期調(diào)控政策和長期發(fā)展政策結(jié)合起來，堅持實施擴大內(nèi)需戰(zhàn)略，充分挖掘我國內(nèi)需的巨大潛力，加快形成消費、投資、出口協(xié)調(diào)拉動經(jīng)濟增長的新局面。

我們要加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式和調(diào)整經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)。堅持走中國特色新型工業(yè)化道路，推動信息化和工業(yè)化深度融合，改造提升制造業(yè)，培育發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。加快發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)，服務(wù)業(yè)增加值在國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值中的比重提高4個百分點。積極穩(wěn)妥推進城鎮(zhèn)化，城鎮(zhèn)化率從47.5%提高到51.5%，完善城市化布局和形態(tài)，不斷提升城鎮(zhèn)化的質(zhì)量和水平。繼續(xù)加強基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，進一步夯實經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)。大力發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)，加快社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)。深入實施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略和主體功能區(qū)戰(zhàn)略，逐步實現(xiàn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化。促進城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域良性互動，一二三產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。

我們要大力發(fā)展社會事業(yè)。堅持優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育，穩(wěn)步提升全民受教育程度。堅持自主創(chuàng)新、重點跨越、支撐發(fā)展、引領(lǐng)未來的方針，完善科技創(chuàng)新體系和支持政策，著力推進重大科學(xué)技術(shù)突破。研究與試驗發(fā)展經(jīng)費支出占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重達到2.2%，促進科技成果更好地轉(zhuǎn)化為生產(chǎn)力。適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)需要，加強人才培養(yǎng)，努力造就規(guī)模宏大的高素質(zhì)人才隊伍。大力加強文化建設(shè)，推動文化改革發(fā)展實現(xiàn)新跨越，滿足人民群眾不斷增長的精神文化需求。大力發(fā)展體育事業(yè)。進一步深化醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革，健全基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度，加快實現(xiàn)人人享有基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)的目標(biāo)。創(chuàng)新社會管理體制機制，加強社會管理法律、體制、能力建設(shè)，確保社會既充滿活力又和諧穩(wěn)定。

我們要扎實推進資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境保護。積極應(yīng)對氣候變化。加強資源節(jié)約和管理，提高資源保障能力，加大耕地保護、環(huán)境保護力度，加強生態(tài)建設(shè)和防災(zāi)減災(zāi)體系建設(shè)，全面增強可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力。非化石能源占一次能源消費比重提高到11.4%，單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗和二氧化碳排放分別降低16%和17%，主要污染物排放總量減少8%至10%，森林蓄積量增加6億立方米，森林覆蓋率達到21.66%，切實加強水利基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，推進大江大河重要支流、湖泊和中小河流治理，明顯提高基本農(nóng)田灌溉、水資源有效利用水平和防洪能力。

我們要全面改善人民生活。堅持把增加就業(yè)作為經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的優(yōu)先目標(biāo)，為全體勞動者創(chuàng)造公平的就業(yè)機會，五年城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)4500萬人。堅持和完善按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存的分配制度，努力實現(xiàn)居民收入增長和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展同步、勞動報酬增長和勞動生產(chǎn)率提高同步，逐步提高居民收入在國民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動報酬在初次分配中的比重，加快形成合理的收入分配格局。城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)村居民人均純收入年均實際增長超過7%。提高扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，減少貧困人口。加快完善社會保障制度，進一步提高保障水平。城鄉(xiāng)基本養(yǎng)老、基本醫(yī)療保障制度實現(xiàn)全覆蓋，提高并穩(wěn)定城鄉(xiāng)三項基本醫(yī)療保險參保率，政策范圍內(nèi)的醫(yī)?；鹬Ц端教岣叩?0%以上，全國城鎮(zhèn)保障性住房覆蓋面達到20%左右。堅持計劃生育基本國策，逐步完善政策，促進人口長期均衡發(fā)展，人均預(yù)期壽命提高1歲。

我們要不斷加強政府自身改革建設(shè)。政府的一切權(quán)力都是人民賦予的，必須對人民負責(zé)，為人民謀利益，接受人民監(jiān)督；必須最廣泛地動員和組織人民依法管理國家和社會事務(wù)，管理經(jīng)濟和文化事業(yè)；必須堅持依法治國基本方略，加強維護群眾利益的法規(guī)建設(shè)，推進依法行政；必須實行科學(xué)、民主決策，建立健全決策、執(zhí)行、監(jiān)督既相互制約又相互協(xié)調(diào)的運行機制，確保權(quán)力正確行使；必須從制度上改變權(quán)力過分集中而又得不到制約的狀況，堅決懲治和預(yù)防腐敗；必須保障人民的民主權(quán)力和合法權(quán)益，維護社會公平正義。

三、2011年的工作

今年，我國發(fā)展面臨的形勢仍然極其復(fù)雜。世界經(jīng)濟將繼續(xù)緩慢復(fù)蘇，但復(fù)蘇的基礎(chǔ)不牢。發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體經(jīng)濟增長乏力，失業(yè)率居高難下，一些國家主權(quán)債務(wù)危機隱患仍未消除，主要發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體進一步推行寬松貨幣政策，全球流動性大量增加，國際大宗商品價格和主要貨幣匯率加劇波動，新興市場資產(chǎn)泡沫和通脹壓力加大，保護主義繼續(xù)升溫。國際市場競爭更加激烈，不穩(wěn)定不確定因素仍然較多。我國經(jīng)濟運行中一些長期問題和短期問題相互交織，體制性矛盾和結(jié)構(gòu)性問題疊加在一起，加大了宏觀調(diào)控難度。我們要準(zhǔn)確判斷形勢，保持清醒頭腦，增強憂患意識，做好應(yīng)對風(fēng)險的準(zhǔn)備。

今年國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長8%左右；經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)進一步優(yōu)化；居民消費價格總水平漲幅控制在4%左右；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)900萬人以上，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率控制在4.6%以內(nèi)；國際收支狀況繼續(xù)改善?？偟目紤]是，為轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式創(chuàng)造良好環(huán)境，引導(dǎo)各方面把工作著力點放在加快經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、提高發(fā)展質(zhì)量和效益上，放在增加就業(yè)、改善民生、促進社會和諧上。

實現(xiàn)上述目標(biāo)，要保持宏觀經(jīng)濟政策的連續(xù)性、穩(wěn)定性，提高針對性、靈活性、有效性，處理好保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)、管理通脹預(yù)

期的關(guān)系，更加注重穩(wěn)定物價總水平，防止經(jīng)濟出現(xiàn)大的波動。

繼續(xù)實施積極的財政政策。保持適當(dāng)?shù)呢斦嘧趾蛧鴤?guī)模。今年擬安排財政赤字9000億元，其中中央財政赤字7000億元，繼續(xù)代地方發(fā)債2000億元并納入地方預(yù)算，赤字規(guī)模比上年預(yù)算減少1500億元，赤字率下降到2%左右。要著力優(yōu)化財政支出結(jié)構(gòu)，增加“三農(nóng)”、欠發(fā)達地區(qū)、民生、社會事業(yè)、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、科技創(chuàng)新等重點支出；壓縮一般性支出，嚴(yán)格控制黨政機關(guān)辦公樓等樓堂館所建設(shè)，出國（境）經(jīng)費、車輛購置及運行費、公務(wù)接待費等支出原則上零增長，切實降低行政成本。繼續(xù)實行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅。依法加強稅收征管。對地方政府性債務(wù)進行全面審計，實施全口徑監(jiān)管，研究建立規(guī)范的地方政府舉債融資機制。

實施穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策。保持合理的社會融資規(guī)模，廣義貨幣增長目標(biāo)為16%。健全宏觀審慎政策框架，綜合運用價格和數(shù)量工具，提高貨幣政策有效性。提高直接融資比重，發(fā)揮好股票、債券、產(chǎn)業(yè)基金等融資工具的作用，更好地滿足多樣化投融資需求。著力優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu)，引導(dǎo)商業(yè)銀行加大重點領(lǐng)域和薄弱環(huán)節(jié)的信貸支持，嚴(yán)格控制對“兩高”行業(yè)和產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)貸款。進一步完善人民幣匯率形成機制。密切監(jiān)控跨境資本流動，防范“熱錢”流入。加強儲備資產(chǎn)的投資和風(fēng)險管理，提高投資收益。

今年，重點要做好以下幾方面工作。

（一）保持物價總水平基本穩(wěn)定

（二）進一步擴大內(nèi)需特別是居民消費需求

擴大內(nèi)需是我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的長期額戰(zhàn)略方針和基本立足點，也是促進經(jīng)濟均衡發(fā)展的根本途徑和內(nèi)在要求。

大力優(yōu)化投資結(jié)構(gòu)。認真落實國務(wù)院關(guān)于鼓勵引導(dǎo)民間投資新36條，抓緊制定公開透明的市場準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和支持政策，切實放寬市場準(zhǔn)入，真正破除各種有形和無形的壁壘，鼓勵和引導(dǎo)民間資本進入基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、市政公用事業(yè)、社會事業(yè)、金融服務(wù)等領(lǐng)域，推動民營企業(yè)和加強自主創(chuàng)新和轉(zhuǎn)型升級，鼓勵和引導(dǎo)民間資本重組聯(lián)合和參與國有企業(yè)改革，加強對民間投資的服務(wù)、指導(dǎo)和規(guī)范管理，促進社會投資穩(wěn)定增長和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化。充分發(fā)揮政府投資對結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的引導(dǎo)作用，優(yōu)先保證重點在建、續(xù)建項目的資金需求，有序啟動“十二五”規(guī)劃重大項目建設(shè)。防止盲目投資和重復(fù)建設(shè)。嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行投資項目用地、節(jié)能、環(huán)保、安全等準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，提高投資質(zhì)量和效益。

（三）鞏固和加強農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位

堅持把“三農(nóng)”工作放在重中之重，在工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化深入發(fā)展中同步推進農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化，鞏固和發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村好形勢。

確保農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給，多渠道增加農(nóng)民收入。要把保障糧食安全作為首要目標(biāo)，毫不放松地抓好農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)。穩(wěn)定糧食種植面積，支持優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)區(qū)生產(chǎn)棉花、油料、糖料等大宗產(chǎn)品。大力發(fā)展畜牧業(yè)、漁業(yè)、林業(yè)。切實抓好新一輪“菜籃子”工程建設(shè)，大中城市郊區(qū)要有基本的菜地面積和生鮮食品供給能力。強化農(nóng)業(yè)科技支撐，發(fā)展壯大農(nóng)作物種業(yè)，大規(guī)模開展高產(chǎn)創(chuàng)建。繼續(xù)實施糧食最低收購價政策，今年小麥最低收購價每50公斤提高5到7元，水稻最低收購價每50公斤提高9到23元。大力發(fā)展農(nóng)村非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，壯大縣域經(jīng)濟，提高農(nóng)民職業(yè)技能和創(chuàng)業(yè)、創(chuàng)收能力，促進農(nóng)民就地就近轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)。提高扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，加大扶貧開發(fā)力度。

大興水利，全面加強農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。重點加強農(nóng)田水利建設(shè)、中小河流治理、小型水庫和病險水閘除險加固以及山洪地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治。完善排灌設(shè)施，發(fā)展節(jié)水灌溉，加固河流堤岸，搞好清淤疏浚，消除水庫隱患，擴大防洪庫容。通過幾年努力，全面提高防汛抗旱、防災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力。大力推進農(nóng)村土地開發(fā)整理，大規(guī)模建設(shè)旱澇保收高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田，加快全國新增千億斤糧食生產(chǎn)能力建設(shè)。加強農(nóng)村水電路氣房建設(shè)，大力改善農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件，努力為農(nóng)民建設(shè)美好家園。

加大“三農(nóng)”投入，完善強農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策。財政支出重點向農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村傾斜，確保用于農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村的總量、增量均有提高；預(yù)算內(nèi)固定資產(chǎn)投資重點用于農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，確?？偭亢捅戎剡M一步提高；土地出讓收益重點投向農(nóng)業(yè)土地開發(fā)、農(nóng)田水利和農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，確保足額提取、定向使用。今年中央財政用于“三農(nóng)”的投入擬安排9884.5億元，比上年增加1304.8億元。繼續(xù)增加對農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)補貼，新增補貼重點向主產(chǎn)區(qū)、重點品種、專業(yè)大戶、農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作組織傾斜。增加中央財政對糧食、油料、生豬調(diào)出

大縣的一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付，擴大獎勵補助規(guī)模和范圍。引導(dǎo)金融機構(gòu)增加涉農(nóng)信貸投放，確保涉農(nóng)貸款增量占比不低于上年。加大政策性金融對“三農(nóng)”的支持力度。健全政策性農(nóng)業(yè)保險制度，建立農(nóng)業(yè)再保險和巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險分散機制。

解決13億中國人的吃飯問題始終是頭等大事，任何時候都不能掉以輕心。我們有信心也有能力辦好這件大事。

（四）加快推進經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整

這是轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式的主攻方向。要推動經(jīng)濟盡快走上內(nèi)生增長、創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動的軌道。

調(diào)整優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。加快構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，推動產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級。一是改造提升制造業(yè)。加大企業(yè)技術(shù)改造力度，重點增強新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)能力和品牌創(chuàng)建能力，提高能源資源綜合利用水平、技術(shù)工藝系統(tǒng)集成水平，提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、技術(shù)含量和附加值。推動重點行業(yè)企業(yè)跨地區(qū)兼并重組。完善落后產(chǎn)能退出機制和配套政策。二是加快培育發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。積極發(fā)展新一代信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)，建設(shè)高性能寬帶信息網(wǎng)，加快實現(xiàn)“三網(wǎng)融合”，促進物聯(lián)網(wǎng)示范應(yīng)用。大力推動節(jié)能環(huán)保、新能源、生物、高端裝備制造、新材料、新能源汽車等產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。要抓緊制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，完善政策，加強創(chuàng)新能力建設(shè)，發(fā)揮科技型中小企業(yè)作用，促進戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展，加快形成生產(chǎn)能力和核心競爭力。三是大力發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)。加快發(fā)展生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)，積極發(fā)展生活性服務(wù)業(yè)。大力發(fā)展和提升軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)。著力營造有利于服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展的市場環(huán)境，加快完善促進服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展的政策體系。盡快實現(xiàn)鼓勵類服務(wù)業(yè)用電、用水、用氣、用熱與工業(yè)基本同價。四是加強現(xiàn)代能源產(chǎn)業(yè)和綜合運輸體系建設(shè)。積極推動能源生產(chǎn)和利用方式變革，提高能源利用效率。推進傳統(tǒng)能源清潔利用，加強智能電網(wǎng)建設(shè)，大力發(fā)展清潔能源。統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展、加快構(gòu)建便捷、安全、高效的綜合運輸體系。堅持陸海統(tǒng)籌，推進海洋經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。

促進區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。全面落實各項區(qū)域發(fā)展規(guī)劃。堅持把實施西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略放在區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略的優(yōu)先位置，認真落實西部大開發(fā)新十年的政策措施和促進西藏、新疆等地區(qū)跨越式發(fā)展的各項舉措。全面振興東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地，繼續(xù)推進資源型城市轉(zhuǎn)型。大力促進中部地區(qū)崛起，進一步發(fā)揮承東啟西的區(qū)位優(yōu)勢。積極支持東部地區(qū)率先發(fā)展，在體制機制創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變上走在全國前列。更好發(fā)揮深圳等經(jīng)濟特區(qū)、上海浦東新區(qū)、天津濱海新區(qū)改革開放中先行先試的作用。加大力度支持革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)發(fā)展，頒布實施2011-2020年中國農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)綱要，啟動集中連片特殊困難地區(qū)扶貧開發(fā)攻堅工程，加快貧困地區(qū)脫貧致富步伐。

積極穩(wěn)步推進城鎮(zhèn)化。堅持走中國特色城鎮(zhèn)化道路，遵循城市發(fā)展規(guī)律，促進城鎮(zhèn)化健康發(fā)展。堅持科學(xué)規(guī)劃，嚴(yán)格管理。加強城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和公共服務(wù)設(shè)施建設(shè)，增強城鎮(zhèn)綜合承載能力，提高管理和服務(wù)水平。因地制宜，分步推進，把有穩(wěn)定勞動關(guān)系并在城鎮(zhèn)居住一定年限的農(nóng)民工，逐步轉(zhuǎn)為城鎮(zhèn)居民。對暫不具備落戶條件的農(nóng)民工，要解決好他們在勞動報酬、子女就學(xué)、公共衛(wèi)生、住房租賃、社會保障等面的實際問題。要充分尊重農(nóng)民在進城和留鄉(xiāng)問題上的自主選擇權(quán)，切實保護農(nóng)民承包地、宅基地等合法權(quán)益。城鎮(zhèn)化要同農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化和新農(nóng)村建設(shè)相互促進，這是必須堅持的正確方向。

加強節(jié)能環(huán)保和生態(tài)建設(shè)，積極應(yīng)對氣候變化。突出抓好工業(yè)、建筑、交通運輸、公共機構(gòu)等領(lǐng)域節(jié)能。繼續(xù)實施重點節(jié)能工程。大力開展工業(yè)節(jié)能，推廣節(jié)能技術(shù)，運用節(jié)能設(shè)備，提高能源利用效率。加大既有建筑節(jié)能改造投入，積極推進新建建筑節(jié)能。大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟。推進低碳城市試點。加強適應(yīng)氣候變化特別是應(yīng)對極端氣候事件能力建設(shè)。建立完善溫室氣體排放和節(jié)能減排統(tǒng)計監(jiān)測制度。加快城鎮(zhèn)污水管網(wǎng)、垃圾處理設(shè)施的規(guī)劃和建設(shè)，推廣污水處理回用。啟動燃煤電廠脫硝工作，深化顆粒物污染防治。加強海洋污染治理。加快重點流域水污染治理、大氣污染治理、重點地區(qū)重金屬污染治理和農(nóng)村環(huán)境綜合整治，控制農(nóng)村面源污染。繼續(xù)實施重大生態(tài)修復(fù)工程，加強重點生態(tài)功能區(qū)保護和管理，實施天然林資源保護二期工程，落實草原生態(tài)保護補助獎勵政策，鞏固退耕還林還草、退牧還草等成果，大力開展植樹造林，加強濕地保護與恢復(fù)，推進荒漠化、石漠化綜合治理。完善防災(zāi)減災(zāi)應(yīng)急預(yù)案，加快山洪地質(zhì)災(zāi)害易發(fā)區(qū)調(diào)查評價、監(jiān)測預(yù)警、防治應(yīng)急等體制建設(shè)。

（五）大力實施科教興國戰(zhàn)略和人才強國戰(zhàn)略

科技、教育和人才是國家發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)和根本，必須始終放在重要的戰(zhàn)略位置。

全面加強人才工作。以高層次和高技能人才為重點，加快培養(yǎng)造就一大批創(chuàng)新型科技人才和急需之緊缺人才。加大人才開發(fā)投入，推進重大人才工作。深化選

人用人制度改革，努力營造平等公開、競爭擇優(yōu)的制度和社會環(huán)境，激勵優(yōu)秀人才脫穎而出，創(chuàng)造人盡其才的良好局面。大力推進科技創(chuàng)新。加快實施國家科技重大專項，突破一批核心關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，提升重大集成創(chuàng)新能力。加強基礎(chǔ)研究、前沿技術(shù)研究，增強原始創(chuàng)新能力。推動建立企業(yè)主導(dǎo)技術(shù)研發(fā)創(chuàng)新的體制機制。鼓勵企業(yè)共同出資開展關(guān)鍵共性技術(shù)研發(fā)，共擔(dān)風(fēng)險、共享成果，對符合國家戰(zhàn)略方向的項目，政府要從政策和資金上給予支持。深化科技管理體制改革，促進科技資源優(yōu)化配置、高效利用和開放共享。激勵科研院所、高等學(xué)校和廣大科技人員以多種形式與企業(yè)合作。保持財政科技投入穩(wěn)定增長，提高科研經(jīng)費使用效率。堅定不移地實施國家知識產(chǎn)權(quán)戰(zhàn)略，提升知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的創(chuàng)造、應(yīng)用、保護管理能力，激發(fā)全社會創(chuàng)新活力。

（六）加強社會建設(shè)和保障改善民生

經(jīng)濟越發(fā)展，越要重視加強社會建設(shè)和保障改善民生。

千方百計擴大就業(yè)。繼續(xù)實施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。今年中央財政擬投入423億元，用于扶助和促進就業(yè)。要適應(yīng)我國勞動力結(jié)構(gòu)特點，大力發(fā)展勞動密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)、服務(wù)業(yè)、小型微型企業(yè)和創(chuàng)新型科技企業(yè)，努力滿足不同層次的就業(yè)需求。繼續(xù)把高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)放在首位，做好重點人群就業(yè)工作。加強職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)，鼓勵自主創(chuàng)業(yè)。加強公共就業(yè)服務(wù)，健全統(tǒng)一規(guī)范靈活人力資源市場。加快就業(yè)信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)，實現(xiàn)全國互聯(lián)互通。加強勞動保障監(jiān)察執(zhí)法，完善勞動爭議處理機制，依法維護勞動者權(quán)益，構(gòu)建和諧勞動關(guān)系。

合理調(diào)整收入分配關(guān)系。這既是一項長期任務(wù)，也是當(dāng)前的緊迫工作。今年重點采取三方面措施：一是著力提高城鄉(xiāng)低收入群眾的基本收入。穩(wěn)步提高職工最低工資、企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金和城鄉(xiāng)居民生活最低保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。建立健全職工工資正常增長機制，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行最低工資制度。二是加快收入分配調(diào)節(jié)力度。提高個人所得稅工薪所得費用扣除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，合理調(diào)整稅率結(jié)構(gòu)，切實減輕中低收入者稅收負擔(dān)。有效調(diào)節(jié)過高收入，加強對收入過高行業(yè)工資總額和工資水平的雙重調(diào)控，嚴(yán)格規(guī)范國有企業(yè)、金融機構(gòu)高管人員薪酬管理。三是大力整頓和規(guī)范收入分配秩序。堅決取締非法收入。加快建立收入分配監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)。通過持續(xù)不斷的努力，盡快扭轉(zhuǎn)收入分配差距擴大趨勢，努力使廣大人民群眾更多分享改革發(fā)展成果。

加快健全覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的社會保障體系。將新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險試點范圍擴大到全國40%的縣。推進城鎮(zhèn)居民養(yǎng)老保險試點，解決集體企業(yè)退休人員養(yǎng)老保障的歷史遺留問題，建立企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金正常調(diào)整機制。積極推進機關(guān)和事業(yè)單位養(yǎng)老保險制度改革。將國有企業(yè)、集體企業(yè)“老工傷”人員納入工傷保險制度。完善城鄉(xiāng)低保制度。繼續(xù)多渠道增加社會保障基金。將孤兒養(yǎng)育、教育和殘疾孤兒康復(fù)等納入財政保障范圍。繼續(xù)推進殘疾人社會保障體系和服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。加快推進社會保障管理信息化。發(fā)揮商業(yè)保險在完善社會保障體系中的作用。大力發(fā)展慈善事業(yè)。

堅定不移地搞好房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控。加快健全房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控的長效機制，重點解決城鎮(zhèn)中低收入家庭住房困難，切實穩(wěn)定房地產(chǎn)市場價格，滿足居民合理住房需求。一是進一步擴大保障性住房建設(shè)規(guī)模。今年要再開工建設(shè)保障性住房、棚戶區(qū)改造住房共1000萬套，改造農(nóng)村危房150萬戶。重點發(fā)展公共租賃住房。中央財政預(yù)算擬安排補助資金1030億元，比上年增加265億元。各級政府要多渠道籌集資金，大幅度增加投入。抓緊建立保障性住房使用、運營、退出等管理制度，提高透明度，加強社會監(jiān)督，保證符合條件的家庭受益。二是進一步落實和完善房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控政策，堅決遏制部分城市房價過快上漲勢頭。制定并向社會公布住房建設(shè)計劃，在新增建設(shè)用地計劃中，單列保障性住房用地，做到應(yīng)保盡保。重點增加中小套型普通商品住房建設(shè)。規(guī)范發(fā)展住房租賃市場。嚴(yán)格落實差別化住房信貸、稅收政策，調(diào)整完善房地產(chǎn)相關(guān)稅收政策，加強稅收征管，有效遏制投機投資性購房。加強房地產(chǎn)市場監(jiān)測和市場行為監(jiān)管，嚴(yán)厲查處各類違法違規(guī)行為。三是建立健全考核問責(zé)機制。穩(wěn)定房價和住房保障工作實行省級人民政府負總責(zé)，市縣人民政府負直接責(zé)任。有關(guān)部門要加快完善巡查、考評、約談和問責(zé)制度，對穩(wěn)定房價、推進保障性住房建設(shè)工作不力，從而影響社會發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定的地方，要追究責(zé)任。

推進醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。今年是醫(yī)改三年實施方案的攻堅年，要確保完成各項目標(biāo)任務(wù)。一是在基層全面實施國家基本藥物制度。建立完善基本藥物保障供應(yīng)體系，加強藥品監(jiān)督，確保用藥安全，切實降低藥價。二是抓好公立醫(yī)院改革試點。鼓勵各地在醫(yī)院管理體制、醫(yī)療服務(wù)價格形成機制和監(jiān)管機制等方面大膽探索。完善醫(yī)療糾紛調(diào)處機制，改善醫(yī)患關(guān)系。三是提高基本醫(yī)療保障水平。穩(wěn)定提高城鎮(zhèn)職工、居民醫(yī)保參保率和新農(nóng)合參合率。今年要把新農(nóng)合和城鎮(zhèn)居民醫(yī)保財政補助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到200元。四是完成農(nóng)村三級衛(wèi)生服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和城市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機構(gòu)建設(shè)任務(wù)。今年全國人均基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)經(jīng)費標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到25元。加強重大傳染病、慢性病、職業(yè)病、地方病和精神疾病的預(yù)防控制和規(guī)范管理。加強婦幼保健工作，繼續(xù)推進適齡婦女宮頸癌、乳腺癌免費檢查和救治保障試點。認真做好艾滋病防治工作。大力發(fā)展中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)，落實各項扶持政策。五是鼓勵社會資本舉辦醫(yī)療機構(gòu)。放寬社會資本和外資舉辦醫(yī)療機構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)入范圍。完善和推進醫(yī)生多點執(zhí)業(yè)制度，鼓勵醫(yī)生在各類醫(yī)療機構(gòu)之間合理流動和在基層開設(shè)診所，為人民群眾提供便捷的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。

全面做好人口和計劃生育工作。繼續(xù)穩(wěn)定低生育水平。做好流動人口計劃生育服務(wù)管理工作。加強出生缺陷干預(yù)，進一步擴大免費孕前優(yōu)生健康檢查試點，做好孕產(chǎn)婦和嬰幼兒保健工作。農(nóng)村婦女住院分娩率達到95%以上。實施新一輪婦女兒童發(fā)展綱要，切實保護婦女和未成年人權(quán)益。加快建立健全老年人社會服務(wù)體系，加強公益性養(yǎng)老服務(wù)設(shè)施建設(shè)。

加強和創(chuàng)新社會管理。強化政府社會管理職能，廣泛動員和組織群眾依法參與社會管理，發(fā)揮社會組織的積極作用，完善社會管理格局。以城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)為載體，以居民需求為導(dǎo)向，整合人口、就業(yè)、社保、民政、衛(wèi)生、文化等社會管理職能和服務(wù)資源，實現(xiàn)政府行政管理與基層群眾自治有效銜接和良性互動。加快建立健全維護群眾權(quán)益機制、行政決策風(fēng)險評估和糾錯機制，加強信訪、人民調(diào)解、行政調(diào)解工作，拓寬社情民意表達渠道，切實解決亂占耕地、違法拆遷等群眾反映強烈的問題。加強和完善公共安全體系。健全突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急體

制，提高全社會危機管理和抗風(fēng)險能力。加強信息安全和保密工作，完善信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理。加強社會治安綜合治理，嚴(yán)密防范、依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動。落實企業(yè)安全生產(chǎn)和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量主體責(zé)任，堅決遏制重特大安全生產(chǎn)事故。完善食品安全監(jiān)管體制機制，健全法制，嚴(yán)格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，完善監(jiān)測評估、檢驗檢測體系，強化地方政府監(jiān)管責(zé)任，加強監(jiān)管執(zhí)法，全面提高食品安全保障水平。

各級政府一定要把社會管理和公共服務(wù)擺到更加重要的位置，切實解決人民群眾最關(guān)心最直接最現(xiàn)實的利益問題。

（七）大力加強文化建設(shè)

文化對民族和國家的影響更深刻、更久遠。要更好地滿足人民群眾多層次多樣化文化需求，發(fā)揮文化引導(dǎo)社會、教育人民、推動發(fā)展的功能，增強民族凝聚力和創(chuàng)造力。加強公民道德建設(shè)，在全社會樹立中國特色社會主義的共同理想和信念，加快構(gòu)建傳承中華傳統(tǒng)美德、符合社會主義精神文明要求、適應(yīng)社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的道德和行為規(guī)范。加強誠信體系建設(shè)，建立相關(guān)制度和法律法規(guī)。增強公共文化產(chǎn)品供給和服務(wù)能力，重點加強中西部地區(qū)和城鄉(xiāng)基層的文化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，繼續(xù)實施文化惠民工程。扶持公益性文化事業(yè)，加強文化遺產(chǎn)保護、利用和傳承。進一步繁榮哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)。發(fā)展新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)、檔案事業(yè)。加強對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的利用和管理。深化文化體制改革，積極推進經(jīng)營性文化單位轉(zhuǎn)企改制。大力發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè)，培育新型文化業(yè)態(tài)，推動文化產(chǎn)業(yè)成為國民經(jīng)濟支柱性產(chǎn)業(yè)。大力開展全民健身活動，促進群眾體育和競技體育協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。加強對外文化體育交流與合作，不斷擴大中華文化國際影響力，讓博大精深的中華文化再展輝煌。

（八）深入推進重點領(lǐng)域改革

（九）進一步提高對外開放水平

推動對外投資和利用外資協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。加快實施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略，完善相關(guān)支持政策，簡化審批手續(xù)，為符合條件的企業(yè)和個人到境外投資提供便利。鼓勵企業(yè)積極有序開展跨國經(jīng)營。加強對外投資的宏觀指導(dǎo)，健全投資促進和保護機制，防范投資風(fēng)險。堅持積極有效利用外資的方針，注重引進先進技術(shù)和人才、智力資源，鼓勵跨國公司在華設(shè)立研發(fā)中心，切實提高利用外資的總體水平和綜合效益。抓緊修訂外商投資產(chǎn)業(yè)目錄，鼓勵外資投向高新技術(shù)、節(jié)能環(huán)保、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域和中西部地區(qū)。

（十）加強廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗工作

建設(shè)廉潔的政府是一項持久而又緊迫的任務(wù)，是人民的殷切期望。要加快解決反腐倡廉建設(shè)中的突出問題，扎實推進懲治和預(yù)防腐敗體系建設(shè)，把查辦大案要案作為反腐敗的重要舉措，同時更加注重制度建設(shè)。一是認真治理政府工作人員以權(quán)謀私和瀆職侵權(quán)問題。針對工程建設(shè)、土地使用權(quán)出讓和礦產(chǎn)資源開發(fā)、國有產(chǎn)權(quán)交易、政府采購等重點領(lǐng)域存在的問題，加大查處違法違紀(jì)案件工作力度，堅決懲處腐敗分子。二是切實加強廉潔自律，認真貫徹執(zhí)行《廉政準(zhǔn)則》，落實領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部收入、房產(chǎn)、投資以及配偶子女從業(yè)、移居國（境）外等情況定期報告制度，自覺接受監(jiān)督。加強審計和監(jiān)察工作。加大對行政機關(guān)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部和國有企業(yè)、事業(yè)單位負責(zé)人的監(jiān)督力度。三是堅決反對鋪張浪費和形式主義。要精簡會議、文件，清理和規(guī)范各種達標(biāo)、評比、表彰以及論壇、慶典等活動，從經(jīng)費上嚴(yán)加控制。規(guī)范公務(wù)用車配備管理并積極推進公務(wù)用車制度改革。加快實行財政預(yù)算公開，讓人民知道政府花了多少錢，辦了多少事。各級政府都要努力為人民辦事；每個公務(wù)員都要真正成為人民的公仆。

各位代表！

鞏固和發(fā)展各民族大團結(jié)，是國家長治久安、繁榮昌盛的根本保證，是各族人民的根本利益所在。要堅持和完善民族區(qū)域自治制度，全面落實中央支持少數(shù)民族和民族地區(qū)發(fā)展的政策措施。制定實施扶持人口較少民族發(fā)展、推進興邊富民行動和發(fā)展少數(shù)民族事業(yè)五年規(guī)劃。讓我們團結(jié)奮進，共同譜寫中華民族繁榮發(fā)展的歷史新篇章！

全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，深入落實《宗教事務(wù)條例》，發(fā)揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、社會和諧中的積極作用。

繼續(xù)加強僑務(wù)工作，維護海外僑胞、歸僑僑眷的合法權(quán)益，充分發(fā)揮他們在促進祖國統(tǒng)一和民族振興中的獨特作用。

各位代表！

建立鞏固的國防，建設(shè)強大的人民軍隊，是維護國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益和全面建設(shè)小康社會的重要保障。要緊緊圍繞黨和國家工作大局，著眼有效履行新世紀(jì)新階段我軍歷史使命，全面

第五篇：2011年總理政府工作報告(中英對照)

2011年總理政府工作報告（中英對照）

政府工作報告

——2011年3月5日在第十一屆全國人民代表大會第四次會議上國務(wù)院總理

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT Delivered at the Fourth Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress on March 5, 2011 Wen Jiabao Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

Fellow Deputies，現(xiàn)在，我代表國務(wù)院，向大會作政府工作報告，請各位代表審議，并請全國政協(xié)委員提出意見。

On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I also invite the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)to submit comments and suggestions.一、“十一五”時期國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的回顧

I.Review of National Economic and Social Development During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period

“十一五”時期是我國發(fā)展進程中極不平凡的五年。面對國內(nèi)外復(fù)雜形勢和一系列重大風(fēng)險挑戰(zhàn)，中國**黨團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全國各族人民，全面推進改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，國家面貌發(fā)生了歷史性變化。

The Eleventh Five-Year Plan period was a truly extraordinary time in the course of the country's development.In the face of complex domestic and international situations and a series of major risks and challenges, the Communist Party of China(CPC)united with and led the people of all the country's ethnic groups in comprehensively advancing reform, opening up and modernization, bringing about a historic change in China over the past five years.——這五年，我國社會生產(chǎn)力、綜合國力顯著提高。我們有效應(yīng)對國際金融危機沖擊，保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，勝利完成“十一五”規(guī)劃的主要目標(biāo)和任務(wù)，國民經(jīng)濟邁上新的臺階。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值達到39.8萬億元，年均增長11.2%，財政收入從3.16萬億元增加到8.31萬億元。載人航天、探月工程、超級計算機等前沿科技實現(xiàn)重大突破。國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得重大成就。

-The country's productive forces and overall national strength improved significantly.We effectively warded off the impact of the global financial crisis, maintained steady and rapid economic development and fulfilled the major objectives and tasks of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, and the economy scaled new heights.GDP grew at an average annual rate of 11.2% to reach 39.8 trillion yuan.Government revenue increased from 3.16 trillion yuan to 8.31 trillion yuan.Major breakthroughs were attained in cutting-edge science and technology such as the manned space mission, the lunar exploration program and supercomputers.Great progress was made in the modernization of national defense and the army.——這五年，各項社會事業(yè)加快發(fā)展、人民生活明顯改善。教育、科技、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育事業(yè)全面進步。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)5771萬人，轉(zhuǎn)移農(nóng)業(yè)勞動力4500萬人；城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)村居民人均純收入年均分別實際增長9.7%和8.9%；覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的社會保障體系逐步健全。

-Progress in all social programs accelerated and people's lives improved significantly.Comprehensive progress was made in education, science and technology, culture, public health and sports programs.The number of new urban jobs increased by 57.71 million, and 45 million agricultural workers found urban employment.The per capita disposable income of urban residents rose by an annual average of 9.7% and the per capita net income of rural residents by 8.9% in real terms.The social security system covering both urban and rural areas was progressively refined.——這五年，改革開放取得重大進展。重點領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革實現(xiàn)新突破，社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制更加完善。去年對外貿(mào)易總額達到2.97萬億美元，開放型經(jīng)濟水平快速提升。

-Major progress was made in reform and opening up.New breakthroughs were achieved in crucial areas and key links of reform, and the socialist market economy further improved.Last year, total foreign trade volume reached US$ 2.97 trillion and the openness of the economy increased rapidly.——這五年，我國國際地位和影響力顯著提高。我們在國際事務(wù)中發(fā)揮重要的建設(shè)性作用，有力維護國家主權(quán)、安全和發(fā)展利益，全方位外交取得重大進展。我們成功舉辦北京奧運會、上海世博會，實現(xiàn)了中華民族的百年夢想。

-China's international prestige and influence grew significantly.We played an important and constructive role in international affairs;effectively safeguarded our national sovereignty, security and development interests;and made major progress in our all-around diplomacy.We successfully hosted the Beijing Olympics and Shanghai World Expo, thus fulfilling dreams the Chinese nation had cherished for a century.這些輝煌成就，充分顯示了中國特色社會主義的優(yōu)越性，展現(xiàn)了改革開放的偉大力量，極大增強了全國各族人民的自信心和自豪感，增強了中華民族的凝聚力和向心力，必將激勵我們在新的歷史征程上奮勇前進。

These brilliant achievements clearly show the advantages of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the great power of reform and opening up.They greatly increased the confidence and pride of our people of all ethnic groups, strengthened the cohesiveness of the Chinese nation, and inspired us to forge ahead on our historic course.五年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

The following are our main accomplishments over the past five years:

（一）加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控，促進經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。

1.Strengthening and improving macro-control, and spurring steady and rapid economic development

我們注重把握宏觀調(diào)控的方向、重點和力度，牢牢掌握經(jīng)濟工作的主動權(quán)。“十一五”前期，針對投資增長過快、貿(mào)易順差過大、流動性過剩，以及結(jié)構(gòu)性、輸入性物價上漲等問題，采取正確的政策措施，有效防止了苗頭性問題演變成趨勢性問題、局部性問題演變成全局性問題。近兩年，面對百年罕見的國際金融危機沖擊，我們沉著應(yīng)對，科學(xué)決策，果斷實行積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策。堅持實施一攬子計劃，大規(guī)模增加政府支出和實行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅，大范圍實施重點產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整振興規(guī)劃，大力推進自主創(chuàng)新和加強科技支撐，大幅度提高社會保障水平。堅持?jǐn)U大內(nèi)需的戰(zhàn)略方針，采取鼓勵消費的一系列政策措施，增加城鄉(xiāng)居民特別是低收入群眾收入，消費規(guī)模持續(xù)擴大，結(jié)構(gòu)不斷升級。實施兩年新增４萬億元的投資計劃，其中，新增中央投資1.18萬億元。保障性安居工程、農(nóng)村民生工程和社會事業(yè)投資占43.7%，自主創(chuàng)新、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)建設(shè)占15.3%，重大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)占23.6%，災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建占14.8%。政府投資引導(dǎo)帶動社會投資，國內(nèi)需求大幅增加，有效彌補外需缺口，較短時間內(nèi)扭轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)濟增速下滑趨勢，在世界率先實現(xiàn)回升向好，既戰(zhàn)勝了特殊困難、有力地保障和改善了民生，又為長遠發(fā)展奠定了堅實基礎(chǔ)。

We paid close attention to the orientation, focus and strength of macro-control and kept a firm grasp on the initiative in our economic work.In the early stages of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, we adopted correct policies and measures to address overheated investment growth, the excessive trade surplus, excess liquidity, and structural and imported inflation;effectively prevented emerging problems from evolving into trends;and prevented problems in any one area from becoming general problems.In the last two years, we responded coolly to the impact of the global financial crisisthe value-added of the service sector, its share in total employment, and spending on R&D as a percentage of GDP.Moreover, we have not yet fundamentally solved a number of issues that the masses feel strongly about, namely the lack of high-quality educational and medical resources, and their uneven distribution;increasing upward pressure on prices, and exorbitant housing price increases in some cities;increasing social problems resulting from illegal land expropriations and housing demolitions;significant problems concerning food safety;and rampant corruption in some areas.We must therefore have a strong sense of responsibility toward the country and the people and work tirelessly and painstakingly to solve these problems more quickly to the satisfaction of the people.回顧“十一五”時期的政府工作，我們進一步加深了以下幾個方面的認識和體會。

Looking back at the government' s work during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, we have deepened our understanding and awareness in several areas.一是必須堅持科學(xué)發(fā)展。我們戰(zhàn)勝各種嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)，靠的是發(fā)展；各領(lǐng)域取得的一切成就和進步，靠的是發(fā)展；解決前進道路上的困難和問題，仍然要靠發(fā)展。我國仍處于并將長期處于社會主義初級階段，必須堅持以經(jīng)濟建設(shè)為中心，堅持科學(xué)發(fā)展。要以人為本，把保障和改善民生作為一切工作的出發(fā)點和落腳點，堅定不移走共同富裕道路，使發(fā)展成果惠及全體人民；堅持統(tǒng)籌兼顧，促進城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域、經(jīng)濟社會協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展；加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式，大力推進自主創(chuàng)新，節(jié)約資源和保護環(huán)境，使經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展與人口資源環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)，提高發(fā)展的全面性、協(xié)調(diào)性和可持續(xù)性。

First, we must steadfastly undertake scientific development.We have relied on development to overcome all types of severe challenges, and all our achievements and progress in every area come from development.We must therefore continue to rely on development to resolve the difficulties and problems on the road ahead.China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come, so we must continue to take economic development as our central task and pursue scientific development.We need to put people first, make ensuring and improving their wellbeing the starting point and goal of all our work, unwaveringly work for prosperity for all and ensure that everyone shares in the fruits of development.We need to steadfastly take all factors into consideration, and coordinate urban and rural development, regional development, and economic and social development.We need to accelerate the transformation of the pattern of economic development;strongly promote innovation;conserve resources and protect the environment;ensure that economic and social development is coordinated with our population, resources and environment;and make development more comprehensive, balanced and sustainable.二是必須堅持政府調(diào)控與市場機制有機統(tǒng)一。健全的市場機制，有效的宏觀調(diào)控，都是社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制不可或缺的重要組成部分。市場作用多一些還是政府作用多一些，必須相機抉擇。在應(yīng)對國際金融危機沖擊中，我們加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控，及時糾正市場扭曲，彌補市場失靈，防止經(jīng)濟出現(xiàn)大的起落，實踐證明是完全正確的。我們必須不斷完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制，充分發(fā)揮市場在資源配置中的基礎(chǔ)性作用，激發(fā)經(jīng)濟的內(nèi)在活力，同時，科**用宏觀調(diào)控手段，促進經(jīng)濟長期平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。

Second, we must continue to closely integrate government control with market forces.Sound market forces and effective macro-control are both indispensable parts of the socialist market economy.We must be guided by realities in deciding when market forces are to play the greater role and when government control is to play the greater role.In responding to the impact of the global financial crisis, we tightened and improved macro-control, quickly corrected market distortions, remedied market failures and prevented serious economic fluctuations.All the measures we took have proven to be entirely correct.We must constantly improve the socialist market economy, and make full use of the basic role of the market in allocating resources to stimulate the internal vitality of the economy while using macro-control tools scientifically to promote long-term, steady and rapid economic development.三是必須堅持統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)國際兩個大局。在經(jīng)濟全球化深入發(fā)展和對外開放不斷深化的條件下，我國經(jīng)濟同世界經(jīng)濟的聯(lián)系日益緊密，互動和依存不斷增強。必須樹立世界眼光，加強戰(zhàn)略思維，善于從國際形勢發(fā)展變化中充分把握發(fā)展機遇，穩(wěn)妥應(yīng)對風(fēng)險挑戰(zhàn)，利用好國內(nèi)國際兩個市場、兩種資源，統(tǒng)籌處理好國內(nèi)發(fā)展與對外開放關(guān)系，真正做到內(nèi)外兼顧、均衡發(fā)展。

Third, we must consider the overall domestic and international situations.As economic globalization intensifies and China' s opening up constantly deepens, our economy is becoming linked ever more closely to the world economy and the two are constantly interacting and becoming more interdependent.We must adopt a global perspective, strengthen our strategic thinking, be proficient at recognizing development opportunities presented by changes in the international situation, respond prudently to risks and challenges, make good use of both domestic and international markets and resources, correctly balance domestic development and our degree of openness to the outside world, and truly take into consideration both domestic and external demand to achieve balanced development.四是必須堅持把改革開放作為經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的根本動力。改革開放是實現(xiàn)國家強盛、人民幸福的必由之路，必須貫穿社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)全過程。我們要以更大的決心和勇氣推進改革，提高改革決策的科學(xué)性，增強改革措施的協(xié)調(diào)性，全面推進經(jīng)濟、政治、文化、社會等各方面改革創(chuàng)新，從根本上破除體制機制障礙，最大限度解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力，促進社會公平正義。要堅持把改善人民生活作為正確處理改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定關(guān)系的結(jié)合點，把改革的力度、發(fā)展的速度和社會可承受的程度統(tǒng)一起來，以改革促進和諧穩(wěn)定，確保人民安居樂業(yè)、社會安寧有序、國家長治久安。

Fourth, we must steadfastly use reform and opening up to provide the basic driving force for economic and social development.The only way to make the country strong and prosperous and to ensure the people's happiness is through reform and opening up, and we must implement them throughout the course of socialist modernization.We need to be more resolute and courageous in carrying out reform, and make reform decisions more scientific and reform measures better coordinated.We need to comprehensively carry out economic, political, cultural and social reforms and innovations;eradicate obstacles embedded in systems and mechanisms;fully liberate and develop the productive forces;and promote social fairness and justice.We must make improving the people's lives a pivot linking reform, development and stability;consider the intensity of reforms and the speed of development in light of the ability of society to accept changes;promote harmony and stability through reform;and make sure that people are content with their lives and jobs, society is tranquil and orderly, and the country enjoys long-term peace and stability.二、“十二五”時期的主要目標(biāo)和任務(wù)

II.Main Objectives and Tasks for the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period

根據(jù)《**中央關(guān)于制定國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展第十二個五年規(guī)劃的建議》，我們編制了《國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展第十二個五年規(guī)劃綱要（草案）》，提交大會審議。

We have drawn up the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development(draft)in accordance with the Proposal of the CPC Central Committee for Formulating the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and submitted it to you for your deliberation and approval.“十二五”是全面建設(shè)小康社會的關(guān)鍵時期，是深化改革開放、加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式的攻堅時期。從國際看，世界多極化、經(jīng)濟全球化深入發(fā)展，和平、發(fā)展、合作仍是時代潮流。國際金融危機影響深遠，世界經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)加快調(diào)整，全球經(jīng)濟治理機制深刻變革，科技創(chuàng)新和產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型孕育突破，發(fā)展中國家特別是新興市場國家整體實力步入上升期。從國內(nèi)看，我國發(fā)展的有利條件和長期向好的趨勢沒有改變，工業(yè)化、信息化、城鎮(zhèn)化、市場化、國際化深入發(fā)展，市場需求潛力巨大，資金供給充裕，科技和教育水平整體提升，勞動力素質(zhì)提高，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施日益完善，政府宏觀調(diào)控和應(yīng)對重大挑戰(zhàn)的能力明顯增強，社會大局保持穩(wěn)定。綜合判斷國際國內(nèi)形勢，我國發(fā)展仍處于可以大有作為的重要戰(zhàn)略機遇期。

The Twelfth Five-Year Plan period is crucial for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and for deepening reform and opening up and speeding up the transformation of the pattern of economic development.From an international perspective, world multipolarization and economic globalization are deepening, and peace, development and cooperation remain the current of the times.The global financial crisis is having far-reaching effects;world economic restructuring is accelerating;profound changes are taking place in global economic governance;breakthroughs in scientific and technological innovation and industrial transformation are on the horizon, and the overall strength of developing countries, especially emerging market economies, is increasing.From a domestic perspective, factors favoring China's development and the positive long-term development trend have not changed.Industrialization, informationization, urbanization, marketization and internationalization are all intensifying;there is huge potential demand in the market;the supply of funds is ample;the overall scientific and educational level of the people is rising;the quality of the workforce is improving;infrastructure is getting better by the day;the government's ability to exercise macro-control and respond to major challenges has increased significantly;and society remains stable overall.Looking at the overall international and domestic situations, we have concluded that China's development is still in an important period of strategic opportunities.我們要高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以**理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，適應(yīng)國內(nèi)外形勢新變化，順應(yīng)各族人民過上更好生活新期待，以科學(xué)發(fā)展為主題，以加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式為主線，深化改革開放，保障和改善民生，鞏固和擴大應(yīng)對國際金融危機沖擊成果，促進經(jīng)濟長期平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展和社會和諧穩(wěn)定，為全面建成小康社會打下具有決定性意義的基礎(chǔ)。

We must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide, thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, adapt to the latest changes in the domestic and international situations, and satisfy the new expectations of the people of all ethnic groups for a better life.Taking scientific development as the theme and accelerating transformation of the pattern of economic development as the main thread, we need to deepen reform and opening up;ensure and improve the people's wellbeing;consolidate and expand upon the success of our efforts to respond to the impact of the global financial crisis;promote long-term, steady and rapid economic development and social harmony and stability;and lay a solid foundation for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.——我們要推動經(jīng)濟發(fā)展再上新臺階。今后五年，我國經(jīng)濟增長預(yù)期目標(biāo)是在明顯提高質(zhì)量和效益的基礎(chǔ)上年均增長7%。按2010年價格計算，2015年國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值將超過55萬億元。要繼續(xù)加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控，保持價格總水平基本穩(wěn)定，把短期調(diào)控政策和長期發(fā)展政策結(jié)合起來，堅持實施擴大內(nèi)需戰(zhàn)略，充分挖掘我國內(nèi)需的巨大潛力，加快形成消費、投資、出口協(xié)調(diào)拉動經(jīng)濟增長的新局面。

-We will propel economic development to a new level.We have set a target of 7% annual increase in the economy over the next five years with significant improvement in the quality and performance of economic growth.Based on 2010 prices, the country's GDP in 2015 should exceed 55 trillion yuan.We will continue to strengthen and improve macro-control;keep the overall level of prices basically stable;integrate short-term control policies with long-term development policies;adhere to the strategy of expanding domestic demand;fully tap the huge potential of domestic demand;and more quickly get economic growth to be driven by a balanced mix of consumer spending, investment and exports.——我們要加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式和調(diào)整經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)。堅持走中國特色新型工業(yè)化道路，推動信息化和工業(yè)化深度融合，改造提升制造業(yè)，培育發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。加快發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)，服務(wù)業(yè)增加值在國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值中的比重提高4個百分點。積極穩(wěn)妥推進城鎮(zhèn)化，城鎮(zhèn)化率從47.5%提高到51.5%，完善城市化布局和形態(tài)，不斷提升城鎮(zhèn)化的質(zhì)量和水平。繼續(xù)加強基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，進一步夯實經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)。大力發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)，加快社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)。深入實施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略和主體功能區(qū)戰(zhàn)略，逐步實現(xiàn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化。促進城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域良性互動，一二三產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。

-We will accelerate the transformation of the pattern of economic development and economic restructuring.We will adhere to the new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics, strive to fully integrate informationization with industrialization, upgrade the manufacturing industry, and foster and develop strategic emerging industries.We will accelerate the development of the service sector and raise its value-added contribution to GDP by 4 percentage points.We will actively yet prudently carry out urbanization, increase its level from 47.5% to 51.5%, improve its pattern and forms, and constantly work to raise its quality.We will continue to strengthen infrastructure, and further strengthen the foundation for economic and social development.We will work hard to develop modern agriculture and accelerate the development of a new socialist countryside.We will thoroughly implement the master strategy for regional development and the strategy of development priority zones, and gradually achieve equality of basic public services.We will promote positive interaction between urban and rural areas and among regions, and the balanced development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries.——我們要大力發(fā)展社會事業(yè)。堅持優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育，穩(wěn)步提升全民受教育程度。堅持自主創(chuàng)新、重點跨越、支撐發(fā)展、引領(lǐng)未來的方針，完善科技創(chuàng)新體系和支持政策，著力推進重大科學(xué)技術(shù)突破。研究與試驗發(fā)展經(jīng)費支出占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重達到2.2%，促進科技成果更好地轉(zhuǎn)化為生產(chǎn)力。適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)需要，加強人才培養(yǎng)，努力造就規(guī)模宏大的高素質(zhì)人才隊伍。大力加強文化建設(shè)，推動文化改革發(fā)展實現(xiàn)新跨越，滿足人民群眾不斷增長的精神文化需求。大力發(fā)展體育事業(yè)。進一步深化醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革，健全基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度，加快實現(xiàn)人人享有基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)的目標(biāo)。創(chuàng)新社會管理體制機制，加強社會管理法律、體制、能力建設(shè)，確保社會既充滿活力又和諧穩(wěn)定。

-We will work hard to develop social undertakings.We will continue to give top priority to education, and steadily raise the educational level of the people.We will adhere to the principle of making innovations and leapfrog advances in key areas supporting development and creating a better future;improve the system of and support policies for scientific and technological innovation;and strive to make major scientific and technological breakthroughs.We will increase spending on R&D to 2.2% of GDP and promote the conversion of advances in science and technology into actual productive forces.In order to meet the demands of modernization, we will strengthen personnel training and strive to develop a large number of high-caliber personnel.We will vigorously strengthen cultural development and make another great stride forward in the reform and development of culture in order to meet the ever-growing intellectual and cultural demands of the people.We will work hard to develop sports.We will further deepen reform of the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems, improve the basic medical and health care systems, and more quickly reach the goal of making basic medical and health services available to all citizens.We will make innovations in social administration systems and mechanisms, improve the legal and institutional bases and the capacity of social administration, and ensure society is full of vitality, harmonious and stable.——我們要扎實推進資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境保護。積極應(yīng)對氣候變化。加強資源節(jié)約和管理，提高資源保障能力，加大耕地保護、環(huán)境保護力度，加強生態(tài)建設(shè)和防災(zāi)減災(zāi)體系建設(shè)，全面增強可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力。非化石能源占一次能源消費比重提高到11.4%，單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗和二氧化碳排放分別降低16%和17%，主要污染物排放總量減少8%至10%，森林蓄積量增加6億立方米，森林覆蓋率達到21.66%。切實加強水利基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，推進大江大河重要支流、湖泊和中小河流治理，明顯提高基本農(nóng)田灌溉、水資源有效利用水平和防洪能力。

-We will effectively conserve resources and protect the environment.We will actively respond to climate change.We will strengthen resource conservation and management, become better able to ensure adequate supplies of resources, intensify the protection of farmland and the environment, strengthen ecological development and systems to prevent and mitigate natural disasters, and comprehensively build our capacity for sustainable development.The proportion of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption should reach 11.4%;energy consumption and CO2 emissions per unit of GDP should be reduced by 16% and 17% respectively;the release of major pollutants should be reduced by 8% to 10%;forest stock should be increased by 600 million m3;and forest cover should be increased to 21.66%.We will substantially improve water conservancy facilities;make progress in better controlling important tributaries of large rivers as well as lakes and small and medium-sized rivers;and significantly improve agricultural irrigation, the efficiency of water resources use and resistance to flooding.——我們要全面改善人民生活。堅持把增加就業(yè)作為經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的優(yōu)先目標(biāo)，為全體勞動者創(chuàng)造公平的就業(yè)機會，五年城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)4500萬人。堅持和完善按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存的分配制度，努力實現(xiàn)居民收入增長和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展同步、勞動報酬增長和勞動生產(chǎn)率提高同步，逐步提高居民收入在國民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動報酬在初次分配中的比重，加快形成合理的收入分配格局。城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)村居民人均純收入年均實際增長超過7%。提高扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，減少貧困人口。加快完善社會保障制度，進一步提高保障水平。城鄉(xiāng)基本養(yǎng)老、基本醫(yī)療保障制度實現(xiàn)全覆蓋，提高并穩(wěn)定城鄉(xiāng)三項基本醫(yī)療保險參保率，政策范圍內(nèi)的醫(yī)保基金支付水平提高到70%以上，全國城鎮(zhèn)保障性住房覆蓋面達到20%左右。堅持計劃生育基本國策，逐步完善政策，促進人口長期均衡發(fā)展，人均預(yù)期壽命提高1歲，達到74.5歲。

-We will comprehensively improve the people's wellbeing.We will make increasing employment the foremost objective of economic and social development, create equitable job opportunities for the entire workforce, and create an extra 45 million urban jobs over the next five years.We will uphold and improve the distribution system whereby distribution according to work is dominant and multiple forms of distribution exist side by side, strive to coordinate increases in people's incomes with economic development and increases in workers' pay with improvements in labor productivity, gradually raise the proportion of national income distributed to individuals, increase the proportion of wages in the primary distribution of income, and quickly make the pattern of income distribution more reasonable.The per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of rural residents will rise by an annual average of over 7% in real terms.We will raise the poverty line and reduce the number of people living in poverty.We will more quickly improve the social security system, and continue to raise social security benefits.The basic pension insurance and basic medical insurance systems will cover all urban and rural residents.Participation in the basic medical insurance system for working and non-working urban residents and the new rural cooperative medical care system will increase and stabilize, and we will increase the proportion of expenses for medical treatment paid out of the medical insurance fund to over 70% in accordance with relevant policies.Low-income housing will be made available to around 20% of the country's urban households.We will adhere to the basic state policy on family planning and progressively improve it.We will promote balanced population growth in the long term and raise the average life expectancy by one year to 74.5 years.——我們要全面深化改革開放。更加重視改革頂層設(shè)計和總體規(guī)劃，大力推進經(jīng)濟體制改革，積極穩(wěn)妥地推進政治體制改革，加快推進文化體制、社會體制改革，不斷完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制，擴大社會主義民主，完善社會主義法制，使上層建筑更加適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)發(fā)展變化，為科學(xué)發(fā)展提供有力保障。堅持和完善基本經(jīng)濟制度，營造各種所有制經(jīng)濟依法平等使用生產(chǎn)要素、公平參與市場競爭、同等受到法律保護的體制環(huán)境。加快財稅金融體制改革，積極構(gòu)建有利于轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式的財稅體制，構(gòu)建組織多元、服務(wù)高效、監(jiān)管審慎、風(fēng)險可控的金融體系。深化資源性產(chǎn)品價格和環(huán)保收費改革，建立健全能夠靈活反映市場供求關(guān)系、資源稀缺程度和環(huán)境損害成本的資源性產(chǎn)品價格形成機制。實施更加積極主動的開放戰(zhàn)略，培育參與國際合作與競爭新優(yōu)勢，進一步形成互利共贏的開放新格局。

-We will comprehensively deepen reform and opening up.We will pay greater attention to the top-level design and overall planning of reform, vigorously press ahead with economic restructuring, actively yet prudently advance political restructuring, accelerate reform of the cultural and social management systems, constantly improve the socialist market economy, expand socialist democracy, improve the socialist legal system, make the superstructure more responsive to the development of and changes in the economic base, and provide strong assurances for scientific development.We will uphold and improve the basic economic system, and create an institutional environment under which economic entities under all forms of ownership use factors of production equally in accordance with the law, engage in fair competition in the market, and enjoy equal legal protection.We will accelerate the reform of the fiscal, taxation, and financial systems;make fiscal and taxation systems conducive to transforming the pattern of economic development;and develop a financial system that is comprised of diverse organizations, provides efficient service, exercises prudent oversight, and keeps risks within bounds.We will deepen reform of the prices for resource products and environmental protection charges, and develop a sound, flexible mechanism for setting prices for resource products capable of reflecting supply and demand in the market, resource scarcity, and the cost of environmental damage.We will implement a more positive opening up strategy, cultivate new advantages beneficial to our participation in international cooperation and competition, and bring about a new phase of opening up that emphasizes mutual benefit.——我們要不斷加強政府自身改革建設(shè)。政府的一切權(quán)力都是人民賦予的，必須對人民負責(zé)，為人民謀利益，接受人民監(jiān)督；必須最廣泛地動員和組織人民依法管理國家和社會事務(wù)，管理經(jīng)濟和文化事業(yè)；必須堅持依法治國基本方略，加強維護群眾利益的法制建設(shè)，推進依法行政；必須實行科學(xué)、民主決策，建立健全決策、執(zhí)行、監(jiān)督既相互制約又相互協(xié)調(diào)的運行機制，確保權(quán)力正確行使；必須從制度上改變權(quán)力過分集中而又得不到制約的狀況，堅決懲治和預(yù)防腐??；必須保障人民的民主權(quán)利和合法權(quán)益，維護社會公平正義。

-We will constantly strengthen the government's internal reforms and self-improvement.All the government's power is entrusted by the people, and the government must therefore be responsible for the people, work to benefit them, and accept their oversight.We must mobilize and organize as many people as possible to manage state and social affairs as well as economic and cultural undertakings in accordance with the law.We must uphold the rule of law as a basic strategy, strengthen the legal system to safeguard the people's interests, and carry out administration in accordance with the law.We must make decisions scientifically and democratically;establish a sound operational mechanism for decision making, enforcement and oversight to check each other and function in concert;and ensure that power is exercised properly.We must make institutional changes to end the excessive concentration of power and lack of checks on power, and resolutely prevent and punish corruption.We must safeguard the people's democratic rights and legitimate rights and interests, and safeguard social fairness and justice.總之，經(jīng)過未來五年努力，實現(xiàn)“十二五”規(guī)劃的各項目標(biāo)，我國的綜合國力就會有更大的提升，人民生活就會有更大的改善，國家面貌就會發(fā)生更大的變化。

In short, by achieving all the targets set forth in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan through hard work in the coming five years, China's overall strength will further increase, people will live better lives, and our country will undergo more profound changes.三、2011年的工作

III.Work for 2011

The year 2011 is the first year of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and it is pivotal for us to do a good job this year in order to accomplish all the tasks and objectives set forth in the plan.Last year, we achieved significant results in all our work.GDP rose by 10.3%;the increase in the CPI was held in check at 3.3%;11.68 million new urban jobs were created;and the balance of payments situation improved.All of this laid a good foundation for our work this year.今年，我國發(fā)展面臨的形勢仍然極其復(fù)雜。世界經(jīng)濟將繼續(xù)緩慢復(fù)蘇，但復(fù)蘇的基礎(chǔ)不牢。發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體經(jīng)濟增長乏力，失業(yè)率居高難下，一些國家主權(quán)債務(wù)危機隱患仍未消除，主要發(fā)達經(jīng)濟體進一步推行寬松貨幣政策，全球流動性大量增加，國際大宗商品價格和主要貨幣匯率加劇波動，新興市場資產(chǎn)泡沫和通脹壓力加大，保護主義繼續(xù)升溫，國際市場競爭更加激烈，不穩(wěn)定不確定因素仍然較多。我國經(jīng)濟運行中一些長期問題和短期問題相互交織，體制性矛盾和結(jié)構(gòu)性問題疊加在一起，加大了宏觀調(diào)控難度。我們要準(zhǔn)確判斷形勢，保持清醒頭腦，增強憂患意識，做好應(yīng)對風(fēng)險的準(zhǔn)備。

This year, our country still faces an extremely complex situation for development.The world economy will continue to recover slowly, but the foundation for recovery is not solid.Economic growth in developed economies is weak, their unemployment rates are and will remain high, and some countries are still under the threat of their sovereign debt crises.Major developed economies have further eased monetary policies, global liquidity has increased greatly, the prices of major commodities and the exchange rates of major currencies have become more volatile in the international market, asset bubbles and inflationary pressure have grown in emerging markets, protectionism continues to heat up, competition in the international market is becoming more intense, and there are still many unstable and uncertain factors.Some long-term and short-term problems in our country's economic activities are intertwined, and institutional incongruities and structural problems are stacked up together, making our macro-control more difficult.We need to correctly judge the situation, keep our heads clear, be more mindful of potential dangers, and be prepared to respond to risks.今年國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長8%左右；經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)進一步優(yōu)化；居民消費價格總水平漲幅控制在4%左右；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)900萬人以上，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率控制在4.6%以內(nèi)；國際收支狀況繼續(xù)改善?？偟目紤]是，為轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式創(chuàng)造良好環(huán)境，引導(dǎo)各方面把工作著力點放在加快經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、提高發(fā)展質(zhì)量和效益上，放在增加就業(yè)、改善民生、促進社會和諧上。

The major targets for this year's national economic and social development are as follows: to increase GDP by around 8%, further optimize the economic structure, keep the CPI increase around 4%, create more than nine million new urban jobs, keep the registered urban unemployment rate at 4.6% or lower, and continue to improve the balance of payments situation.Our main purpose is to create a good environment for transforming the pattern of economic development, and to guide all sectors to focus their work on accelerating economic restructuring and raising the quality and results of development as well as on increasing employment, improving the people's wellbeing and promoting social harmony.實現(xiàn)上述目標(biāo)，要保持宏觀經(jīng)濟政策的連續(xù)性、穩(wěn)定性，提高針對性、靈活性、有效性，處理好保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)、管理通脹預(yù)期的關(guān)系，更加注重穩(wěn)定物價總水平，防止經(jīng)濟出現(xiàn)大的波動。

To achieve the above targets, we need to maintain continuity and stability in our macroeconomic policies;make them more targeted, flexible and effective;correctly strike a balance between maintaining steady yet rapid economic development, restructuring the economy and managing inflation expectations;pay more attention to maintaining overall price stability;and prevent large economic fluctuations.繼續(xù)實施積極的財政政策。保持適當(dāng)?shù)呢斦嘧趾蛧鴤?guī)模。今年擬安排財政赤字9000億元，其中中央財政赤字7000億元，繼續(xù)代地方發(fā)債2000億元并納入地方預(yù)算，赤字規(guī)模比上年預(yù)算減少1500億元，赤字率下降到2%左右。要著力優(yōu)化財政支出結(jié)構(gòu)，增加“三農(nóng)”、欠發(fā)達地區(qū)、民生、社會事業(yè)、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、科技創(chuàng)新等重點支出；壓縮一般性支出，嚴(yán)格控制黨政機關(guān)辦公樓等樓堂館所建設(shè)，出國（境）經(jīng)費、車輛購置及運行費、公務(wù)接待費等支出原則上零增長，切實降低行政成本。繼續(xù)實行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅。依法加強稅收征管。對地方政府性債務(wù)進行全面審計，實施全口徑監(jiān)管，研究建立規(guī)范的地方政府舉債融資機制。

We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy.We will keep the deficit and government bonds at appropriate levels.This year, we are projecting a deficit of 900 billion yuan, which consists of a 700 billion yuan central government deficit and 200 billion yuan in local government bonds, which will be included in local government budgets.This deficit is 150 billion yuan less than budgeted last year, and the deficit will decrease to around 2% of GDP.We need to focus on optimizing the structure of expenditures.We need to increase expenditures in key areas, such as agriculture, rural areas, and farmers;underdeveloped areas;the people wellbeing;social programs;restructuring;and scientific and technological innovation.We need to decrease ordinary expenditures;strictly control expenditures of Party and government bodies on office buildings and other facilities;keep the budgets for travel abroad, the purchase and operating costs of motor vehicles, and official entertainment at their present level in principle without any increase;and genuinely decrease administrative costs.We will continue to implement structural tax reductions.We will strengthen tax collection and administration in accordance with the law.We will comprehensively audit local government debt, carry out complete oversight and control, and establish a standardized financing mechanism for local governments to borrow money.實施穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策。保持合理的社會融資規(guī)模，廣義貨幣增長目標(biāo)為16%。健全宏觀審慎政策框架，綜合運用價格和數(shù)量工具，提高貨幣政策有效性。提高直接融資比重，發(fā)揮好股票、債券、產(chǎn)業(yè)基金等融資工具的作用，更好地滿足多樣化投融資需求。著力優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu)，引導(dǎo)商業(yè)銀行加大對重點領(lǐng)域和薄弱環(huán)節(jié)的信貸支持，嚴(yán)格控制對“兩高”行業(yè)和產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)貸款。進一步完善人民幣匯率形成機制。密切監(jiān)控跨境資本流動，防范“熱錢”流入。加強儲備資產(chǎn)的投資和風(fēng)險管理，提高投資收益。

We will implement a prudent monetary policy.We will keep financing from all sources at an appropriate level, and we have set a target of a 16% increase in the broad money supply(M2).We will improve our policy framework for comprehensively exercising caution and utilize the tools of prices and quantity in an integrated manner to make our monetary policy more effective.We will increase the proportion of direct financing, and make full use of financing tools such as stocks, bonds and private equities to better satisfy the diverse demands for investment and financing.We will strive to optimize the credit structure, guide commercial banks to increase credit support to key areas and weak links, and strictly control loans to industries that consume large quantities of energy and resources, are highly polluting or have excess capacity.We will further improve the mechanism for setting RMB exchange rates.We will closely monitor and control cross-border capital flows and prevent the influx of hot money.We will strengthen investment management and risk management over our foreign exchange reserves and increase the returns on our investments.今年，重點要做好以下幾方面工作。

（一）保持物價總水平基本穩(wěn)定

1.Keeping overall price levels basically stable

當(dāng)前，物價上漲較快，通脹預(yù)期增強，這個問題涉及民生、關(guān)系全局、影響穩(wěn)定。要把穩(wěn)定物價總水平作為宏觀調(diào)控的首要任務(wù)，充分發(fā)揮我國主要工業(yè)品總體供大于求、糧食庫存充裕、外匯儲備較多等有利條件，努力消除輸入性、結(jié)構(gòu)性通脹因素的不利影響，消化要素成本上漲壓力，正確引導(dǎo)市場預(yù)期，堅決抑制價格上漲勢頭。要以經(jīng)濟和法律手段為主，輔之以必要的行政手段，全面加強價格調(diào)控和監(jiān)管。一是有效管理市場流動性，控制物價過快上漲的貨幣條件。把握好政府管理商品和服務(wù)價格的調(diào)整時機、節(jié)奏和力度。二是大力發(fā)展生產(chǎn)，保障主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、基本生活必需品、重要生產(chǎn)資料的生產(chǎn)和供應(yīng)。落實“米袋子”省長負責(zé)制和“菜籃子”市長負責(zé)制。三是加強農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系建設(shè)，積極開展“農(nóng)超對接”，暢通鮮活農(nóng)產(chǎn)品運輸“綠色通道”。完善重要商品儲備制度和主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品臨時收儲制度，把握好國家儲備吞吐調(diào)控時機，搞好進出口調(diào)節(jié)，增強市場調(diào)控能力。四是加強價格監(jiān)管，維護市場秩序。特別要強化價格執(zhí)法，嚴(yán)肅查處惡意炒作、串通漲價、哄抬價格等不法行為。五是完善補貼制度，建立健全社會救助和保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與物價上漲掛鉤的聯(lián)動機制，絕不能讓物價上漲影響低收入群眾的正常生活。

Recently, prices have risen fairly quickly and inflation expectations have increased.This problem concerns the people's wellbeing, bears on overall interests and affects social stability.We must therefore make it our top priority in macroeconomic control to keep overall price levels stable.We need to make the most of favorable conditions, such as an ample supply of manufactured goods and our abundant grain reserves and considerable foreign exchange reserves, endeavor to overcome the adverse effects of imported and structural inflation, cushion the upward pressure for costs of factors of production, and correctly guide market expectations to resolutely curb price rises.We need to comprehensively strengthen our work controlling and monitoring prices mainly through economic and legal methods supplemented by administrative means when necessary.First, we will effectively manage market liquidity and control the monetary conditions for commodity prices rising too rapidly.We will decide proper timing, frequency and intensity of price adjustments for goods and services whose prices are regulated by the government.Second, we will vigorously develop production and ensure the production and supply of major farm products, daily necessities and important means of production.We will effectively implement the system of provincial governors taking responsibility for the “rice bag”(grain supply)program and city mayors taking responsibility for the “vegetable basket”(non-grain food supply)program.Third, we will develop the distribution system for farm products, actively encourage farmers and stores to link up, and guarantee the unimpeded transport of fresh farm products through “green channels,” where vehicles carrying such goods are exempt from paying road tolls.We will improve the reserve system for important goods and the system for temporarily purchasing and stockpiling major farm products, seize the opportune moment for the state to manipulate reserves, adjust imports and exports, and strengthen our ability to control the market.Fourth, we will strengthen oversight and supervision of prices and maintain market order.We particularly need to strengthen law enforcement concerning pricing, and strictly investigate and deal with illegal behavior such as driving up prices through price collusion or market speculation.Fifth, we will improve the system of subsidies and institute a sound mechanism to raise social assistance and social security benefits when commodity prices rise.We cannot allow price rises to affect the normal lives of low-income people.（二）進一步擴大內(nèi)需特別是居民消費需求

2.Further expanding domestic demand, especially consumer demand

擴大內(nèi)需是我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的長期戰(zhàn)略方針和基本立足點，也是促進經(jīng)濟均衡發(fā)展的根本途徑和內(nèi)在要求。

Expanding domestic demand is a long-term strategic principle and basic standpoint of China's economic development as well as a fundamental means and an internal requirement for promoting balanced economic development.積極擴大消費需求。繼續(xù)增加政府用于改善和擴大消費的支出，增加對城鎮(zhèn)低收入居民和農(nóng)民的補貼。繼續(xù)實施家電下鄉(xiāng)和以舊換新政策。加強農(nóng)村和中小城市商貿(mào)流通、文化體育、旅游、寬帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。大力促進文化消費、旅游消費和養(yǎng)老消費。推動農(nóng)村商業(yè)連鎖經(jīng)營和統(tǒng)一配送，優(yōu)化城鎮(zhèn)商業(yè)網(wǎng)點布局，積極發(fā)展電子商務(wù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物、地理信息等新型服務(wù)業(yè)態(tài)。大力整頓和規(guī)范市場秩序，切實維護消費者權(quán)益。深入開展打擊侵犯知識產(chǎn)權(quán)和制售假冒偽劣商品的專項治理行動。

We will actively boost consumer demand.We will continue to increase government spending used to help expand consumption, and increase subsidies to low-income urban residents and farmers.We will continue to implement the policies of providing subsidies for rural residents to purchase home appliances and subsidies for trading-in old home appliances for new ones.We will strengthen the infrastructure for the distribution of goods, culture and sports, travel, and broadband in rural areas and small and medium-sized cities.We will vigorously promote consumption in the areas of culture, travel and old-age care.We will promote chain-store operations and unified distribution in rural areas, optimize the distribution of urban commercial outlets, and develop new services such as e-commerce, online shopping and the Geographic Information System.We will energetically overhaul and standardize the market, and earnestly protect consumers' rights and interests.We will intensify our efforts to crack down on violations of intellectual property rights and the manufacture and sale of counterfeit or substandard goods.大力優(yōu)化投資結(jié)構(gòu)。認真落實國務(wù)院關(guān)于鼓勵引導(dǎo)民間投資新36條，抓緊制定公開透明的市場準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和支持政策，切實放寬市場準(zhǔn)入，真正破除各種有形和無形的壁壘，鼓勵和引導(dǎo)民間資本進入基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、市政公用事業(yè)、社會事業(yè)、金融服務(wù)等領(lǐng)域，推動民營企業(yè)加強自主創(chuàng)新和轉(zhuǎn)型升級，鼓勵和引導(dǎo)民間資本重組聯(lián)合和參與國有企業(yè)改革，加強對民間投資的服務(wù)、指導(dǎo)和規(guī)范管理，促進社會投資穩(wěn)定增長和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化。充分發(fā)揮政府投資對結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的引導(dǎo)作用，優(yōu)先保證重點在建、續(xù)建項目的資金需求，有序啟動“十二五”規(guī)劃重大項目建設(shè)。防止盲目投資和重復(fù)建設(shè)。嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行投資項目用地、節(jié)能、環(huán)保、安全等準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，提高投資質(zhì)量和效益。

We will strive to improve the investment structure.We will earnestly implement the State Council's 36 new guidelines for encouraging and guiding nongovernmental investment;work quickly to formulate open and transparent standards and supporting policies on market access;effectively relax restrictions on market access;genuinely eliminate all visible and invisible barriers;encourage and guide nongovernmental investment in areas such as basic industries, infrastructure, municipal public utilities, social programs, and financial services;prod privately run enterprises to strengthen their innovation, transformation and upgrading;encourage and guide the reorganization and mergers of nongovernmental capital and its involvement in SOE reform;strengthen services and guidance for and standardized supervision of nongovernmental investment;and promote its stable growth and structural optimization.We will get government investment to play the leading role in restructuring, give priority to ensuring funding for key projects that are under construction or expansion, and begin construction on the major projects in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan in an orderly manner.We will prevent haphazard investment and redundant construction.We will strictly enforce investment project approval standards on land use, energy conservation, environmental protection and safety, and improve the quality and benefits of investment.（三）鞏固和加強農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位

3.Consolidating and strengthening the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy

We will steadfastly make agriculture, rural areas, and farmers the top priority of the government's work;carry out agricultural modernization while deepening industrialization and urbanization;and consolidate and build upon the favorable situation in agriculture and rural areas.確保農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給，多渠道增加農(nóng)民收入。要把保障糧食安全作為首要目標(biāo)，毫不放松地抓好農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)。穩(wěn)定糧食種植面積，支持優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)區(qū)生產(chǎn)棉花、油料、糖料等大宗產(chǎn)品。大力發(fā)展畜牧業(yè)、漁業(yè)、林業(yè)。切實抓好新一輪“菜籃子”工程建設(shè)，大中城市郊區(qū)要有基本的菜地面積和生鮮食品供給能力。強化農(nóng)業(yè)科技支撐，發(fā)展壯大農(nóng)作物種業(yè)，大規(guī)模開展高產(chǎn)創(chuàng)建。繼續(xù)實施糧食最低收購價政策，今年小麥最低收購價每50公斤提高5到7元，水稻最低收購價每50公斤提高9到23元。大力發(fā)展農(nóng)村非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，壯大縣域經(jīng)濟，提高農(nóng)民職業(yè)技能和創(chuàng)業(yè)、創(chuàng)收能力，促進農(nóng)民就地就近轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)。提高扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，加大扶貧開發(fā)力度。

We will ensure an adequate supply of agricultural products and increase farmers' incomes through multiple channels.We will make safeguarding food security our primary goal, and work tirelessly to increase agricultural production.We will keep the area planted in grain crops stable, and support the growing of cotton, oilseed and sugar crops in the most suitable areas.We will energetically develop the animal husbandry, fishery, and forestry sectors.We will effectively carry out the new round of the “vegetable basket” program and ensure that suburbs of large and medium-sized cities have a basic area for growing vegetables and a basic ability to supply fresh produce for urban residents.We will get science and technology to better support agriculture, develop and expand the crop seed industry, and launch large-scale efforts to increase agricultural production.We will continue to implement the policy of minimum grain purchase prices, raise the floor price for wheat by 5 to 7 yuan per 50 kg and increase the floor price for rice by 9 to 23 yuan per 50 kg this year.We will energetically develop nonagricultural industries in rural areas, strengthen county economies, improve farmers' vocational skills and their ability to start their own businesses and increase their incomes, and encourage them to find nonagricultural employment in their hometowns or nearby areas.We will raise the poverty line, and intensify our efforts to alleviate poverty through development.大興水利，全面加強農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。重點加強農(nóng)田水利建設(shè)、中小河流治理、小型水庫和病險水閘除險加固以及山洪地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治。完善排灌設(shè)施，發(fā)展節(jié)水灌溉，加固河流堤岸，搞好清淤疏浚，消除水庫隱患，擴大防洪庫容。通過幾年努力，全面提高防汛抗旱、防災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力。大力推進農(nóng)村土地開發(fā)整理，大規(guī)模建設(shè)旱澇保收高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田，加快全國新增千億斤糧食生產(chǎn)能力建設(shè)。加強農(nóng)村水電路氣房建設(shè)，大力改善農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件，努力為農(nóng)民建設(shè)美好家園。

We will put great effort into water conservancy, and comprehensively strengthen agricultural and rural infrastructure.We will focus on developing more irrigation and water conservancy projects, harnessing small and medium-sized rivers, reinforcing small reservoirs and faulty and dangerous sluices, and preventing and responding to geological disasters from mountain torrents.We will improve irrigation and drainage facilities, develop water-saving irrigation, reinforce river embankments, clear away silt and dredge waterways, eliminate hidden dangers in reservoirs, and increase their storage capacity to prevent floods.Through several years of hard work, we will comprehensively improve our ability to prevent floods, control droughts, and prevent and mitigate natural disasters.We will vigorously develop and improve rural land, develop arable land that meets high drought and flood resistance standards on a large scale, and accelerate our work to increase the country's grain production capacity by 50 million tons.We will intensify work on projects to provide running water and electricity to rural homes, build and improve roads, exploit methane and construct rural housing, and energetically improve rural working and living conditions, so that farmers can live in a nice environment.加大“三農(nóng)”投入，完善強農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策。財政支出重點向農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村傾斜，確保用于農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村的總量、增量均有提高；預(yù)算內(nèi)固定資產(chǎn)投資重點用于農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，確?？偭亢捅戎剡M一步提高；土地出讓收益重點投向農(nóng)業(yè)土地開發(fā)、農(nóng)田水利和農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，確保足額提取、定向使用。今年中央財政用于“三農(nóng)”的投入擬安排9884.5億元，比上年增加1304.8億元。繼續(xù)增加對農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)補貼，新增補貼重點向主產(chǎn)區(qū)、重點品種、專業(yè)大戶、農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作組織傾斜。增加中央財政對糧食、油料、生豬調(diào)出大縣的一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付，擴大獎勵補助規(guī)模和范圍。引導(dǎo)金融機構(gòu)增加涉農(nóng)信貸投放，確保涉農(nóng)貸款增量占比不低于上年。加大政策性金融對“三農(nóng)”的支持力度。健全政策性農(nóng)業(yè)保險制度，建立農(nóng)業(yè)再保險和巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險分散機制。

We will increase funding for agriculture, rural areas, and farmers and improve our policies to strengthen agriculture and benefit farmers.We will direct more government spending toward agriculture and rural areas, and ensure that total expenditures and spending increases in this area are both higher than last year.Our budgetary fixed asset investment will be used mainly to develop agricultural and rural infrastructure, and we will ensure that both the proportion and the total amount of investment further increase.Proceeds from the transfer of land-use rights will be spent primarily on developing agricultural land, irrigation and water conservancy, and constructing rural infrastructure, and we will ensure that an adequate amount of funds is drawn from these proceeds and used for those purposes.This year's allocation for agriculture, rural areas, and farmers from the central government budget will be 988.45 billion yuan, an increase of 130.48 billion yuan over last year.We will continue to increase subsidies to agricultural production, and give high priority in the newly increased subsidies to major production areas, key crop varieties, major specialized households, and specialized farmer cooperatives.We will increase general transfer payments from the central government to the major counties that supply other parts of the country with grain, oilseed and pigs, and expand the size and scope of awards and subsidies.We will encourage financial institutions to increase their supply of credit for agriculture, rural areas, and farmers and ensure that this year's percentage increase in credit is no less than that of last year.We will increase policy-based financial support for agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.We will improve the policy-supported agricultural insurance system, and develop an agricultural reinsurance system and a mechanism for diffusing the risk of huge catastrophes.深化農(nóng)村改革，增強農(nóng)村發(fā)展活力。堅持和完善農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營制度，健全覆蓋耕地、林地、草原等家庭承包經(jīng)營制度。有序推進農(nóng)村土地管理制度改革。探索建立耕地保護補償機制。繼續(xù)推進農(nóng)村綜合改革。全面實施村級公益事業(yè)建設(shè)一事一議財政獎補，大幅增加獎補資金規(guī)模。加快發(fā)展農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作組織和農(nóng)業(yè)社會化服務(wù)體系，提高農(nóng)業(yè)組織化程度。年底前，在全國普遍建立健全鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)或區(qū)域性農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣、動植物疫病防控、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)管等公共服務(wù)機構(gòu)。

We will deepen rural reform, and increase the vitality of rural development.We will adhere to and improve the basic rural operating system and improve the household contract responsibility system for land use including farmland, forestland and grassland.We will move forward with reform of the rural land management system in an orderly manner.We will explore and establish a compensation mechanism for protecting arable land.We will continue to carry out comprehensive rural reforms.We will fully implement the government award and subsidy system for village-level public works projects, the launching of which is determined by villagers themselves, and we will significantly increase the size of awards and subsidies.We will accelerate the development of specialized farmer cooperatives and the system whereby various sectors of society provide services for agriculture, and raise the level of organization in agriculture.By the end of this year, we will put in place sound public services for spreading agricultural technology;preventing and controlling animal and plant diseases;and monitoring the quality of agricultural products in townships, towns and regions all over the country.解決13億中國人的吃飯問題始終是頭等大事，任何時候都不能掉以輕心。我們有信心也有能力辦好這件大事。

Ensuring adequate food for 1.3 billion Chinese people is always a top priority, and we must never treat this issue lightly.We have the confidence and the ability to handle this important matter well.（四）加快推進經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整

4.Accelerating strategic economic restructuring

這是轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式的主攻方向。要推動經(jīng)濟盡快走上內(nèi)生增長、創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動的軌道。

This is the major goal of transforming the pattern of economic development.China's economy needs to be quickly put on the path of endogenous growth driven by innovation.調(diào)整優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。加快構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，推動產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級。

We will adjust and optimize the industrial structure.We will quicken the establishment of a modern industrial system and give impetus to industrial transformation and upgrading.一是改造提升制造業(yè)。加大企業(yè)技術(shù)改造力度，重點增強新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)能力和品牌創(chuàng)建能力，提高能源資源綜合利用水平、技術(shù)工藝系統(tǒng)集成水平，提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、技術(shù)含量和附加值。推動重點行業(yè)企業(yè)跨地區(qū)兼并重組。完善落后產(chǎn)能退出機制和配套政策。

First, we will transform and upgrade manufacturing industries.We will intensify technological upgrading in enterprises, with the focus on becoming better able to develop new products and build brand names;utilize energy and resources more comprehensively;increase the integration of technological and process systems;and raise the quality, technological content and value-added of products.We will encourage enterprises in key industries to enter into trans-regional acquisitions and reorganizations.We will improve the exit mechanism and accompanying policies for outdated production capacity.二是加快培育發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。積極發(fā)展新一代信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)，建設(shè)高性能寬帶信息網(wǎng)，加快實現(xiàn)“三網(wǎng)融合”，促進物聯(lián)網(wǎng)示范應(yīng)用。大力推動節(jié)能環(huán)保、新能源、生物、高端裝備制造、新材料、新能源汽車等產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。要抓緊制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，完善政策，加強創(chuàng)新能力建設(shè)，發(fā)揮科技型中小企業(yè)作用，促進戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展，加快形成生產(chǎn)能力和核心競爭力。

Second, we will accelerate the cultivation and development of strategic emerging industries.We will vigorously develop the next-generation IT industry;build a high-performance broadband information network;accelerate the integration of the telecommunications network, the radio and television broadcasting network, and the Internet;and promote demonstrations on how to use the Internet of Things.We will energetically give impetus to the development of industries such as energy conservation, environmental protection, new energy, biotechnology, high-end equipment manufacturing, new materials and new energy vehicles.We need to promptly formulate standards, improve policies, enhance innovation capabilities, get small and medium-sized high-tech companies to play their role, and foster the healthy development of strategic emerging industries so they more quickly build their production capacity and core competitiveness.三是大力發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)。加快發(fā)展生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)，積極發(fā)展生活性服務(wù)業(yè)。大力發(fā)展和提升軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)。著力營造有利于服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展的市場環(huán)境，加快完善促進服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展的政策體系。盡快實現(xiàn)鼓勵類服務(wù)業(yè)用電、用水、用氣、用熱與工業(yè)基本同價。

Third, we will vigorously develop service industries.We will accelerate the development of producer services and actively develop consumer services.We will make every effort to develop and upgrade the software industry.We will strive to create a market environment that is conducive to the development of service industries, and quickly improve the policy system for stimulating their development.We will make the prices of power, water, gas and heating basically the same for both service industries encouraged by the state and the industrial sector as quickly as possible.四是加強現(xiàn)代能源產(chǎn)業(yè)和綜合運輸體系建設(shè)。積極推動能源生產(chǎn)和利用方式變革，提高能源利用效率。推進傳統(tǒng)能源清潔利用，加強智能電網(wǎng)建設(shè)，大力發(fā)展清潔能源。統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展、加快構(gòu)建便捷、安全、經(jīng)濟、高效的綜合運輸體系。堅持陸海統(tǒng)籌，推進海洋經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。

Fourth, we will strengthen the modern energy industry and the comprehensive transport system.We will actively promote changes in the way energy is produced and used and raise energy efficiency.We will give impetus to the clean use of traditional energy sources, intensify the construction of smart power grids, and vigorously develop clean energy.We will coordinate the development and accelerate the construction of a comprehensive transport system that is convenient, safe, cost-effective and highly efficient.We will steadfastly make coordinated development plans for land and sea and advance the development of the marine economy.促進區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。全面落實各項區(qū)域發(fā)展規(guī)劃。堅持把實施西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略放在區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略的優(yōu)先位置，認真落實西部大開發(fā)新十年的政策措施和促進西藏、新疆等地區(qū)跨越式發(fā)展的各項舉措。全面振興東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地，繼續(xù)推進資源型城市轉(zhuǎn)型。大力促進中部地區(qū)崛起，進一步發(fā)揮承東啟西的區(qū)位優(yōu)勢。積極支持東部地區(qū)率先發(fā)展，在體制機制創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變上走在全國前列。更好發(fā)揮深圳等經(jīng)濟特區(qū)、上海浦東新區(qū)、天津濱海新區(qū)在改革開放中先行先試的作用。加大力度支持革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)發(fā)展，頒布實施2011-2020年中國農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)綱要，啟動集中連片特殊困難地區(qū)扶貧開發(fā)攻堅工程，加快貧困地區(qū)脫貧致富步伐。

We will promote balanced development between regions.We will fully implement all regional development plans.In implementing the master strategy of regional development, we will steadfastly give high priority to the strategy of large-scale development of the western region, and earnestly implement the policies and measures for the new ten-year period of the large-scale development of the western region and all the measures to promote the leapfrog development of Tibet and Xinjiang.We will fully revitalize old industrial bases such as northeast China and continue to transform resource-dependent cities.We will vigorously foster the rise of the central region and make greater use of its geographical advantage of linking the eastern and western regions.We will actively support the eastern region in taking the lead in development, and leading the country in making innovations in systems and mechanisms and transforming the pattern of development.We will get Shenzhen and other special economic zones, Pudong New Area in Shanghai and Binhai New Area in Tianjin to better play a leading and exploratory role in reform and opening up.We will give greater support to the development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas and border areas, promulgate and implement the 2011-2020 rural poverty alleviation and development program, launch the project to alleviate poverty through development in contiguous areas with particular difficulties, and lift impoverished areas out of poverty more quickly.積極穩(wěn)妥推進城鎮(zhèn)化。堅持走中國特色城鎮(zhèn)化道路，遵循城市發(fā)展規(guī)律，促進城鎮(zhèn)化健康發(fā)展。堅持科學(xué)規(guī)劃，嚴(yán)格管理。加強城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和公共服務(wù)設(shè)施建設(shè)，增強城鎮(zhèn)綜合承載能力，提高管理和服務(wù)水平。因地制宜，分步推進，把有穩(wěn)定勞動關(guān)系并在城鎮(zhèn)居住一定年限的農(nóng)民工，逐步轉(zhuǎn)為城鎮(zhèn)居民。對暫不具備落戶條件的農(nóng)民工，要解決好他們在勞動報酬、子女就學(xué)、公共衛(wèi)生、住房租賃、社會保障等方面的實際問題。要充分尊重農(nóng)民在進城和留鄉(xiāng)問題上的自主選擇權(quán)，切實保護農(nóng)民承包地、宅基地等合法權(quán)益。城鎮(zhèn)化要同農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化和新農(nóng)村建設(shè)相互促進，這是必須堅持的正確方向。

We will actively yet prudently move forward with urbanization.We will adhere to the path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, abide by the principles of urban development and foster the sound development of urbanization.We will adhere to scientific planning and strict management.We will strengthen urban infrastructure and public service facilities, increase the overall carrying capacity of cities and towns, and raise the level of urban management and services.We will gradually make sure that rural migrant workers who have stable jobs and have lived in cities or towns for a number of years are registered as urban residents in line with local conditions and in a step-by-step manner.We need to help rural migrant workers who do not currently qualify as urban residents to resolve practical difficulties such as remuneration, schooling for their children, public health, renting homes, and social security.We need to fully respect the right of farmers to independently choose whether to seek jobs in cities or stay in their home villages, and genuinely protect their legitimate rights and interests concerning land they contract to work and the land on which their homes sit.We must steadfastly adhere to the correct orientation of ensuring that urbanization together with agricultural modernization and the building of a new countryside are mutually reinforcing.加強節(jié)能環(huán)保和生態(tài)建設(shè)，積極應(yīng)對氣候變化。突出抓好工業(yè)、建筑、交通運輸、公共機構(gòu)等領(lǐng)域節(jié)能。繼續(xù)實施重點節(jié)能工程。大力開展工業(yè)節(jié)能，推廣節(jié)能技術(shù)，運用節(jié)能設(shè)備，提高能源利用效率。加大既有建筑節(jié)能改造投入，積極推進新建建筑節(jié)能。大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟。推進低碳城市試點。加強適應(yīng)氣候變化特別是應(yīng)對極端氣候事件能力建設(shè)。建立完善溫室氣體排放和節(jié)能減排統(tǒng)計監(jiān)測制度。加快城鎮(zhèn)污水管網(wǎng)、垃圾處理設(shè)施的規(guī)劃和建設(shè)，推廣污水處理回用。加強化學(xué)品環(huán)境管理。啟動燃煤電廠脫硝工作，深化顆粒物污染防治。加強海洋污染治理。加快重點流域水污染治理、大氣污染治理、重點地區(qū)重金屬污染治理和農(nóng)村環(huán)境綜合整治，控制農(nóng)村面源污染。繼續(xù)實施重大生態(tài)修復(fù)工程，加強重點生態(tài)功能區(qū)保護和管理，實施天然林資源保護二期工程，落實草原生態(tài)保護補助獎勵政策，鞏固退耕還林還草、退牧還草等成果，大力開展植樹造林，加強濕地保護與恢復(fù)，推進荒漠化、石漠化綜合治理。完善防災(zāi)減災(zāi)應(yīng)急預(yù)案，加快山洪地質(zhì)災(zāi)害易發(fā)區(qū)調(diào)查評價、監(jiān)測預(yù)警、防治應(yīng)急等體制建設(shè)。

We will strengthen energy conservation, environmental protection and ecological development, and actively respond to climate change.We will focus on conserving energy in areas such as the industrial sector, construction, transportation and public institutions.We will continue to implement key energy conservation projects.We will vigorously conserve energy in the industrial sector, popularize energy-conserving technology and equipment, and improve energy efficiency.We will invest more in improving energy conservation in existing buildings and actively promote energy conservation in new buildings.We will vigorously develop the circular economy.We will move forward with the pilot project to build low-carbon cities.We will strengthen our capacity to adapt to climate change and respond to extreme climate events in particular.We will put in place well-equipped statistical and monitoring systems for greenhouse gas emissions, energy conservation and emissions reduction.We will accelerate the planning and building of sewer networks and garbage disposal facilities in urban areas and expand the use of recycled water.We will strengthen the environmental management of chemicals.We will start the work of denitration in coal-fired power plants and strengthen prevention and control of particles pollution;step up the treatment of marine pollution;accelerate the treatment of water pollution in key river basins, the treatment of air pollution, the treatment of heavy metal pollution in key areas and the comprehensive improvement of the rural environment;and control pollution from non-point rural sources.We will continue to carry out major ecological restoration projects, intensify the protection and management of major functional ecological zones, implement the second phase of the project to protect natural forest resources, implement the subsidy and reward policy for grassland ecological conservation, consolidate achievements already made in turning reclaimed farmland into forests and grasslands as well as grazing land to grasslands, vigorously carry out afforestation, strengthen wetland protection and recovery, and make progress in comprehensively dealing with desertification and stony deserts.We will improve contingency plans for preventing and mitigating natural disasters, and accelerate the development of surveying and evaluation, monitoring and early warning, prevention and control, and emergency response systems in areas prone to geological disasters from mountain torrents.（五）大力實施科教興國戰(zhàn)略和人才強國戰(zhàn)略

5.Vigorously implementing the strategy of reinvigorating the country through science and education and the strategy of strengthening the country through human resource development

科技、教育和人才是國家發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)和根本，必須始終放在重要的戰(zhàn)略位置。

Science and technology, education and human resources are the foundation of national development, and they must therefore always be given an important strategic position.堅持優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育。推動教育事業(yè)科學(xué)發(fā)展，為人們提供更加多樣、更加公平、更高質(zhì)量的教育。2012年財政性教育經(jīng)費支出占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重達到4%。加快發(fā)展學(xué)前教育。公辦民辦并舉，增加學(xué)前教育資源，抓緊解決“入園難”問題。促進義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展。加強義務(wù)教育階段學(xué)校標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)，公共資源配置重點向農(nóng)村和城市薄弱學(xué)校傾斜。以流入地政府和公辦學(xué)校為主，切實保障農(nóng)民工隨遷子女平等接受義務(wù)教育。支持民族地區(qū)教育發(fā)展，做好“雙語”教學(xué)工作。全面推進素質(zhì)教育。加快教育改革，切實減輕中小學(xué)生過重課業(yè)負擔(dān)，注重引導(dǎo)和培養(yǎng)孩子們獨立思考、實踐創(chuàng)新能力。保證中小學(xué)生每天一小時校園體育活動。大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育。引導(dǎo)高中階段學(xué)校和高等學(xué)校辦出特色，提高教育質(zhì)量，增強學(xué)生就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)能力。加強重點學(xué)科建設(shè)，加快建設(shè)一批世界一流大學(xué)。支持特殊教育發(fā)展。落實和完善國家助學(xué)制度，無論哪個教育階段，都要確保每個孩子不因家庭經(jīng)濟困難而失學(xué)。

We will continue to give high priority to education.We will promote the scientific development of education programs, and provide people with more diverse, more equitable and higher-quality education.In 2012, government spending on education will reach 4% of GDP.We will speed up the development of preschool education.We will encourage both governmental and nongovernmental bodies to provide preschool educational services in order to increase resources and promptly solve problems concerning access to preschool education.We will promote the balanced development of compulsory education.We will strengthen standardization in compulsory education schools, and ensure that the allocation of public resources gives priority to rural schools and weak urban schools.Relying mainly on local governments and public schools, we will guarantee equal access to compulsory education for the children of rural migrant workers who live in cities.We will support the development of education and promote bilingual instruction in ethnic minority areas.We will comprehensively promote well-rounded education.We will accelerate education reforms;genuinely lighten the school workload of primary and secondary school students;and give high priority to guiding students and fostering their ability to think independently, solve practical problems and be innovative.We will ensure that primary and middle school students do one hour of physical exercise in school every day.We will vigorously develop vocational education.We will guide senior secondary schools and universities to emphasize their unique features, raise the quality of their teaching, and help their students to become better able to find employment or start their own businesses.We will strengthen the development of key disciplines and accelerate the development of a number of world-class universities.We will support the development of special education.We will implement and improve the government financial aid system for students and ensure no children are obliged to discontinue schooling at any stage of education due to their family's financial difficulties.全面加強人才工作。以高層次和高技能人才為重點，加快培養(yǎng)造就一大批創(chuàng)新型科技人才和急需緊缺人才。加大人才開發(fā)投入，推進重大人才工程。深化選人用人制度改革，努力營造平等公開、競爭擇優(yōu)的制度和社會環(huán)境，激勵優(yōu)秀人才脫穎而出，創(chuàng)造人盡其才的良好局面。

We will comprehensively strengthen human resource development.With the focus on high-level and highly skilled personnel, we will more quickly foster a large number of innovative scientists and engineers and skilled workers who are urgently needed and in short supply.We will invest more in human resource development and carry out major projects to foster talented personnel.We will deepen the reform of the systems for selecting and employing personnel;strive to create an equitable, open and competitive system as well as social environment in which people are selected on their merits;encourage outstanding people to emerge;and create an environment that encourages talented people to tap their full potential

We will vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation.We will speed up the implementation of major national science and technology projects, make breakthroughs in a number of core and key technologies, and enhance our capabilities to carry out major integrated innovation projects.We will strengthen basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies and increase our capacity for original innovation.We will give impetus to the establishment of systems and mechanisms for enterprises to take the lead in R&D and innovation.We will encourage enterprises to undertake jointly funded R&D on key generic technologies and share both risks and rewards.The government needs to provide policy and financial support to projects in areas of national strategic interests.We will deepen reform of the system for managing science and technology, and promote the optimal allocation, efficient use and public sharing of scientific and technological resources.We will provide incentives to research institutes, universities, scientists and engineers to encourage them to cooperate with enterprises in various ways.We will steadily increase government spending on science and technology, and improve the performance of research expenditures.We will unswervingly implement the national strategy on intellectual property rights;improve our ability to create, apply, protect and manage them;and arouse an innovative spirit throughout society.（六）加強社會建設(shè)和保障改善民生

6.Strengthening social development and ensuring and improving the wellbeing of the people

經(jīng)濟越發(fā)展，越要重視加強社會建設(shè)和保障改善民生。

The more the economy develops, the more attention we need to pay to strengthening social development and ensuring and improving people's wellbeing.千方百計擴大就業(yè)。繼續(xù)實施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。今年中央財政擬投入423億元，用于扶助和促進就業(yè)。要適應(yīng)我國勞動力結(jié)構(gòu)特點，大力發(fā)展勞動密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)、服務(wù)業(yè)、小型微型企業(yè)和創(chuàng)新型科技企業(yè)，努力滿足不同層次的就業(yè)需求。繼續(xù)把高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)放在首位，做好重點人群就業(yè)工作。加強職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)，鼓勵自主創(chuàng)業(yè)。加強公共就業(yè)服務(wù)，健全統(tǒng)一規(guī)范靈活的人力資源市場。加快就業(yè)信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)，實現(xiàn)全國互聯(lián)互通。加強勞動保障監(jiān)察執(zhí)法，完善勞動爭議處理機制，依法維護勞動者權(quán)益，構(gòu)建和諧勞動關(guān)系。

We will do everything in our power to expand employment.We will continue to implement a more proactive employment policy.This year the central government plans to invest 42.3 billion yuan to assist and promote employment.In light of the workforce structure in China, we will energetically develop labor-intensive industries, service industries, small and micro-businesses and innovative high-tech enterprises, and strive to satisfy the employment needs of different groups of people.We will continue to give top priority to the employment of university graduates and key groups.We will strengthen vocational training and encourage people to start their own businesses.We will strengthen public services for employment, and improve the unified, standardized and flexible human resources market.We will more quickly develop job information networks and achieve nationwide connectivity.We will strengthen the supervision and enforcement of labor safeguards, improve mechanisms for resolving labor disputes, safeguard the rights and interests of workers in accordance with the law, and build harmonious labor relations.合理調(diào)整收入分配關(guān)系。這既是一項長期任務(wù)，也是當(dāng)前的緊迫工作。今年重點采取三方面措施：

We will adjust income distribution in a reasonable manner.This is both a long-term task, and an urgent issue we need to address now.This year we will concentrate on the following three measures.一是著力提高城鄉(xiāng)低收入群眾的基本收入。穩(wěn)步提高職工最低工資、企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金和城鄉(xiāng)居民最低生活保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。建立健全職工工資正常增長機制，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行最低工資制度。

First, we will focus on increasing the basic incomes of low-income people in both urban and rural areas.We will steadily increase the minimum wage of workers, basic pensions of enterprise retirees, and subsistence allowances for both urban and rural residents.We will establish a sound mechanism of regular pay raises for workers and strictly enforce the minimum wage system.二是加大收入分配調(diào)節(jié)力度。提高個人所得稅工薪所得費用扣除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，合理調(diào)整稅率結(jié)構(gòu)，切實減輕中低收入者稅收負擔(dān)。有效調(diào)節(jié)過高收入，加強對收入過高行業(yè)工資總額和工資水平的雙重調(diào)控，嚴(yán)格規(guī)范國有企業(yè)、金融機構(gòu)高管人員薪酬管理。

Second, we will put more effort into adjusting income distribution.We will raise the individual income tax threshold on salaries, reasonably adjust the tax rate structure, and genuinely reduce the tax burden on low-and middle-income people.We will effectively regulate excessively high incomes, strengthen the dual controls on total wages and wage scales in industries in which incomes are excessively high, and strictly standardize the management of executive pay and bonuses in SOEs and financial institutions.三是大力整頓和規(guī)范收入分配秩序。堅決取締非法收入。加快建立收入分配監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)。通過持續(xù)不斷的努力，盡快扭轉(zhuǎn)收入分配差距擴大趨勢，努力使廣大人民群眾更多分享改革發(fā)展成果。

Third, we will vigorously overhaul and standardize income distribution.We will resolutely prohibit illicit income.We will quickly establish a system for monitoring income distribution.Through unremitting efforts, we will reverse the trend of a widening income gap as soon as possible and ensure that the people share more in the fruits of reform and development.加快健全覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的社會保障體系。將新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險試點范圍擴大到全國40%的縣。推進城鎮(zhèn)居民養(yǎng)老保險試點，解決集體企業(yè)退休人員養(yǎng)老保障的歷史遺留問題，建立企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金正常調(diào)整機制。積極推進機關(guān)和事業(yè)單位養(yǎng)老保險制度改革。將國有企業(yè)、集體企業(yè)“老工傷”人員納入工傷保險制度。完善城鄉(xiāng)低保制度。繼續(xù)多渠道增加社會保障基金。將孤兒養(yǎng)育、教育和殘疾孤兒康復(fù)等納入財政保障范圍。繼續(xù)推進殘疾人社會保障體系和服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。加快推進社會保障管理信息化。發(fā)揮商業(yè)保險在完善社會保障體系中的作用。大力發(fā)展慈善事業(yè)。

We will accelerate the improvement of the social security system that covers both urban and rural residents.We will extend the pilot project for the new type of old-age insurance for rural residents to 40% of counties.We will move forward with the trials of old-age insurance for urban residents, solve longstanding problems concerning pensions for retirees of collectively owned enterprises, and put in place a mechanism to regularly adjust the basic pensions of enterprise retirees.We will actively press ahead with the reform of the old-age insurance system for government agencies and institutions.We will include employees of SOEs and collectively owned enterprises who suffer from old work-related injuries in the workers' compensation system.We will improve the subsistence allowance system for both urban and rural residents.We will continue to enlarge the pool of social security funds through multiple channels.Funding for raising and educating orphans and rehabilitating orphans with disabilities will be provided for in the government budget.We will continue to push forward the development of a social security system and a service system for people with disabilities.We will speed up the informationization of social security management.We will get commercial insurance to play a role in improving the social security system.We will also vigorously develop charity programs.堅定不移地搞好房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控。加快健全房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控的長效機制，重點解決城鎮(zhèn)中低收入家庭住房困難，切實穩(wěn)定房地產(chǎn)市場價格，滿足居民合理住房需求。

We will resolutely regulate the real estate market.We will act more quickly to improve the long-term mechanisms for regulating the real estate market, focus on solving housing difficulties for low-and middle-income families in urban areas, genuinely stabilize housing prices and meet the reasonable demands of residents for housing.一是進一步擴大保障性住房建設(shè)規(guī)模。今年要再開工建設(shè)保障性住房、棚戶區(qū)改造住房共1000萬套，改造農(nóng)村危房150萬戶。重點發(fā)展公共租賃住房。中央財政預(yù)算擬安排補助資金1030億元，比上年增加265億元。各級政府要多渠道籌集資金，大幅度增加投入。抓緊建立保障性住房使用、運營、退出等管理制度，提高透明度，加強社會監(jiān)督，保證符合條件的家庭受益。

First, we will build more low-income housing.This year, the total number of units of new low-income housing and units in run-down areas that will undergo renovation will reach 10 million, and 1.5 million dilapidated rural houses will be renovated.We will give priority to developing public rental housing.The central government is allocating 103 billion yuan in this year's budget for subsidies to support this work, an increase of 26.5 billion yuan over last year.Governments at all levels need to raise funds through various channels and substantially increase spending in these areas.We will promptly establish an administrative system for the use, operation and return of low-income housing;increase transparency;and strengthen public oversight to ensure that eligible families benefit from low-income housing.二是進一步落實和完善房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控政策，堅決遏制部分城市房價過快上漲勢頭。制定并向社會公布住房建設(shè)計劃，在新增建設(shè)用地計劃中，單列保障性住房用地，做到應(yīng)保盡保。重點增加中小套型普通商品住房建設(shè)。規(guī)范發(fā)展住房租賃市場。嚴(yán)格落實差別化住房信貸、稅收政策，調(diào)整完善房地產(chǎn)相關(guān)稅收政策，加強稅收征管，有效遏制投機投資性購房。加強房地產(chǎn)市場監(jiān)測和市場行為監(jiān)管，嚴(yán)厲查處各類違法違規(guī)行為。

Second, we will further implement and improve policies for regulating the real estate market and firmly curb the excessively rapid rise of housing prices in some cities.We will formulate and announce an annual housing development plan, designate sites for building low-income housing in the plan for new construction sites, and make sure that all designated sites are used to develop low-income housing.Emphasis will be placed on building more ordinary small and medium-sized commodity housing units.We will standardize and develop the housing rental market.We will strictly implement differentiated housing credit and tax policies, adjust and improve tax policies on real estate, tighten tax collection and administration, and effectively curb the purchase of homes for speculation or investment purposes.We will strengthen monitoring of the real estate market and oversight of market behavior, and strictly deal with all violations of laws and regulations.三是建立健全考核問責(zé)機制。穩(wěn)定房價和住房保障工作實行省級人民政府負總責(zé)，市縣人民政府負直接責(zé)任。有關(guān)部門要加快完善巡查、考評、約談和問責(zé)制度，對穩(wěn)定房價、推進保障性住房建設(shè)工作不力，從而影響社會發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定的地方，要追究責(zé)任。

Third, we will establish sound evaluation and accountability mechanisms.Provincial governments have general responsibility and municipal and county governments have direct responsibility for stabilizing housing prices and guaranteeing the availability of low-income housing.Relevant government authorities need to more quickly improve inspection, appraisal, admonition and accountability systems.Localities that put insufficient effort into stabilizing house prices and promoting the construction of low-income housing and thereby affect social development and stability will be held accountable.推進醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。今年是醫(yī)改三年實施方案的攻堅年，要確保完成各項目標(biāo)任務(wù)。

We will press forward with the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields.This year will be crucial for implementing the three-year plan for reforming the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems, and we need to ensure that all targets are met.一是在基層全面實施國家基本藥物制度。建立完善基本藥物保障供應(yīng)體系，加強藥品監(jiān)管，確保用藥安全，切實降低藥價。

First, we will fully implement the national system for basic drugs at the primary level.We will put in place a sound system to guarantee supplies of basic drugs,

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2010年溫家寶總理政府工作報告中英對照版

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