第一篇：定語從句講解

定語從句講解

一個美麗的女孩

a beautiful girl（形容詞作前置定語）一個穿白色衣服的女孩

a girl in white（介詞短語作后置定語）一個正唱歌的女孩

a girl who is singing(定語從句，修飾或限定名詞girl）

一、概念: 在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子.Harry Porter is a smart boy.形容詞作定語 Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.句子作定語,修飾boy, 叫做定語從句 先行詞：被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。關(guān)系詞 分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。

關(guān)系代詞：who whom whose which that as

關(guān)系代詞 ：when where why 先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系

1.A plane is a machine that can fly.the machine = that 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.the boy =who 3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.the boy’s =whose The school where I study is far from my home.in the school = where 關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的復(fù)指

關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格 關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞＋先行詞 關(guān)系代詞的作用

1.代替先行詞;

２.它還在定語從句中擔(dān)任一定的成分;

3.同時連接先行詞與它引導(dǎo)的定語從句.（把主句和從句連起來）

關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的 人稱、數(shù)必須和先行詞一致。

① who指人,在定語從句中作主語或賓語。作賓語時，可省略。

The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.分解

作主語 The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.The man(who)I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.②whom指人,在定語從句中作賓語，可省略。

The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.作賓語分解、The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.The man(whom)I nodded to is Mr.Li.③ which 指物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。作賓語時，可省略。

This is a truck which / that is made in China.分解 This is a truck.The truck is made in China.These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder（which）he is using is made in Japan.The TV set(which)he bought yesterday is made in Japan.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from? ④that 指人或物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。作賓語時，可省略。

The man who / that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.作主語 分解 The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man(that)I told you about.⑤whose指人或物, 在定語從句中作定語。不可省略。I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解 I know the girl.The girl’s mother is a teacher.This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.We live in a house whose windows face south.I saw a woman.Her bag was stolen.I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.Please show me the book.Its cover is red.Please show me the book whose cover is red.定語從句三步：

第一找出先行詞

第二看先行詞在定語從句中的語法功能（做主語、賓語或狀

語）

第三選擇合適的關(guān)系詞 關(guān)系代詞的用法注意點(diǎn)

(1)that和which都可以指物，但以下5種情況只能用that 不能用which。①當(dāng)先行詞中有人又有物時。如：

Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? ②當(dāng)先行詞為不定代詞all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等時。如：

This is all that I want from the school.③當(dāng)先行詞被only, just, very, right, last等修飾時。如： This is the very book that I am looking for these days.④當(dāng)先行詞被最高級修飾時。如：

The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.⑤當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時。如：

The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.由wh-開頭的特殊疑問句

Who is the man that you are talking about? 練習(xí)：that 與 which 1)Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand? 2)The only thing _____ we can do is to give you some advice.3)Who is the man _____ is standing there? 4)Her bag, in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen.5)She heard a terrible noise，______ brought her heart into her mouth.(2)that和who都可以指人，但下面兩種情況，多用who。①先行詞為all, anyone, one, ones等時。如： All who heard the news were excited.②先行詞為those, he和people時。如：

Those who want to go please sign your names here.He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.定語從句練習(xí)

The foreign guests，were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport.A．most of them

B．most of whom

C．most of that

D．most of those He was the very one of the students who

praised at the class meeting.A．was

B．were C．is

D．a(chǎn)re The balls are solid，makes them very heavy.it

B．what C．which D．that

The scientist and his achievements

you told me about are admired by us.who

B．that

C．which D． /

He is working hard，will make him pass the final exam.who

B．that

C．which D．it

The museum

we are going to visit is far form our school.where B．that

C．it

D．a(chǎn)s

Which of the two sheep

you keep produces more milk?

that

B．which C．what D．they

The weather turned out to be very good，was more than we could expect.B．which

C．that

D．it

Finally, the thief handed everything

he had stolen to the police.which B．what

C．whatever D．that

Tom as well as his friends who

football matches

to school today.likes;hasn’t gone

B．likes;haven’t gone

C．like;hasn’t gone

D．like;haven’t gone We should learn from those

are ready to help others.A．what

A．who

B．whom C．whose D．they 12.I have two brothers，are doctors.A．both of them

B．both of who

C．both of whom

D．both of they 13.Everything

can be done should be done.A．which B．that

C．a(chǎn)ll

D．where 14.Is oxygen the only gas

helps fire burn?

A．that

B．/

C．which D．what

15.The first place

we visited in that city was a big factory.A．where B．in which C．that

D．which

16.Which is the largest bridge

was built across the river?

A．that

B．which C．where D．on which 17.Please pass me the dictionary

cover is black.A．which B．its

C．whose D．which of 18.This is the very place

I’m wishing to live in.A．where B．which C．that

D．in which 19.She always gives in to those _____ have money.A．in which B．who

C．that

D．which

二、從下框中選擇合適的關(guān)系代詞填空。

that;which;who;whose;不填

This is the village ______ I ever visited last year.I will always remember the days ______ we spent in the village.I will never forget the boy ______ ever helped me.He lives in the room ______ door is green.This is the best movie ______ we have seen this year.The trees _____ stand by the river have been green.These are the very books _____ I am looking for.It was the largest map _____ I had even seen.He made notes of everything _____ he read.10.Yesterday I met the teacher _____ once taught us maths.

第二篇：定語從句講解

定語從句專題講解

一、基本概念：

在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。

Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago.定語從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞；定語從句一般用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞來引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞放在先行詞與定語從句之間起連接作用，同時又作從句中的一個成分。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有：that, who, whom, whose, which，as 關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why.二、關(guān)系詞的用法：

（一）關(guān)系代詞的用法：

1． 作主語用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door.The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.2． 作賓語用whom, who, which, that, 如：

The man(whom/who/that)we have just seen is a famous writer.Where is the book(which/that)I bought last week? 注：在非正式文體中，用于指人的關(guān)系代詞who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文體中通常用whom, 不可省略；用于指物的關(guān)系代詞which和that 在非正式文體中也通常省略，但在正式文體中一般不省略。

3． 作定語用whose, 如：(a)He is the man whose car was stolen last week.(b)It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.注：“whose +名詞中心詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)在定語從句中既能作主語（如上a句），又能作賓語（如上b句）。whose 的先行詞常用來指人，但有時也可以用來指具體事物或抽象概念，這時可以與of which 結(jié)構(gòu)互換，詞序是：“名詞+of which”，如： They came to a house whose back wall had broken down..(= the back wall of which)He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten.(= whose name)4． 作表語只用that，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但時常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be.This is no longer the dirty place(that)it used to be.（二）關(guān)系副詞的用法：

1．when 指時間，在從句中作時間狀語，它的先行詞通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如：

I still remember the time when I first became a college student.Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? 注：when時?？梢允÷?，特別是在某些句型和某些時間狀語中。如： Each time he came, he did his best to help us.But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill.2．where指地點(diǎn)，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。它的先行詞常有：place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等。This is the hotel where they are staying.I forget the house where the Smiths lived.注：where有時也可以省略。如：

This is the place(where)we met yesterday.3． why指原因或理由，它的先行詞只有reason。如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.注：why時常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it.(三)使用關(guān)系副詞應(yīng)注意下列幾點(diǎn)：

1． 這三個關(guān)系副詞在意義上都相當(dāng)于一定的介詞+which結(jié)構(gòu)： when = on(in, at, during?)+ which;where = in(at, on?)+ which;why = for which.如：

I was in Beijing on the day when(=on which)he arrived.The office where(=in which)he works is on the third floor.This is the chief reason why(=for which)we did it.2． 當(dāng)先行詞是表時間的time, day等和表地點(diǎn)的place, house等時，一定要注意分析從句的結(jié)構(gòu)，如果缺少主語或賓語時，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)該用which或that, 缺少時間狀語或地點(diǎn)狀語時，才能用when或where，試比較：

I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated.I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer.His father works in a factory where radio parts are made.His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.3． when和where既可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。而why 只能引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句。三．限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句

1．限制性定語從句說明先行詞的情況，對先行詞起限定作用，與先行詞關(guān)系十分密切，不可用逗號隔開，也不可省略，否則全句意義就不完整。如： This is the telegram which he refers to.Is there anything(that)I can do for you? 2．非限制性定語從句只是對先行詞作補(bǔ)充說明，沒有限定作用，它與先行詞的關(guān)系比較松散，因而不是關(guān)鍵性的，如果省略，原句的意義仍然完整。這種從句在朗讀時要有停頓，在文字中通常用逗號與主句隔開。如：

This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago.As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞有：who, whom, whose, which, when 和 where，不可以用that和why。

另外，非限制性定語從句從意義上講，相當(dāng)于一個并列句，在口語中使用并不普遍，在日常生活中，人們通常用并列句或簡單句來表達(dá)。如：

第2/6頁

I told the story to John, who later did it to his brother.= I told the story to John, and he later told it to his brother.Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.= Yesterday I happened to see John and he was eager to have a talk with you.3．兩種定語從句的內(nèi)涵不同，限制性定語從句具有涉他性，而非限制性定語從句具有唯一性，這在理解和翻譯時應(yīng)特別注意。試比較： All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.All the books there that have beautiful pictures in them were written by him.His brother, who is eighteen years old, is a PLA man.（只有一個）His brother who is a PLA man is eighteen years old.（不止一個）

4．有時，非限制性定語從句所修飾的不是某一個詞，而是整個主句或是主句中的一個部分，這時一般采用which或as來引導(dǎo)。當(dāng)整個主句（先行詞）在從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。

eg: He passed the exam, which/as he hoped he would.He has left here, which greatly upsets me.注：

（1）as引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在主句之前，而which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在主句之后。They are hollow, which makes them very light.As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.（2）從意義上講，which指前面主句的內(nèi)容；而as指代的是作為一般人都知道的常識性的東西，因此常譯成“就象? ?那樣”。

（3）如果定語從句的內(nèi)容對主句的內(nèi)容起消極作用或當(dāng)非限制定語從句為否定時，則常用which，而不用as，如：

She stole her friend’s money, which was disgraceful.He tore up my photo, which upset me.Tom drinks a lot everyday,which his wife doesn’t like at all.5．在正式文體中，以the way為先行詞的限制性定語從句通常以in which或 that 引導(dǎo)，如：

The way in which you answered the questions was admirable.但在非正式文體中，人們通常省略in which或 that : The way(in which)he spoke to us was suspicious.I don’t like the way(that)you laugh at her.四．關(guān)系詞的選擇

1． 在非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞作主語，只能用who 指人，which指物；關(guān)系代詞做賓語，常用whom（口語中有時用who）指人，which指物，它們都不能用that代替。

2． 關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語，不論是在限制性定語從句中，還是在非限制性定語從句中，當(dāng)介詞前置時，只能用whom指人，which指物；但如果介詞后置，則不受這種限制，關(guān)系代詞還可以省去，特別是在口語中。如：

Do you know the boy to whom she was talking?

第3/6頁

Do you know the boy(that)she was talking to? The pencil(which/that)he was writing with suddenly broke.3． 在限制性定語從句中，當(dāng)先行詞指物時，關(guān)系詞可用which或that，二者常可以互換；但在下列情況中，只能用that，不用which：(1)當(dāng)先行詞是all, a lot,(a)little, few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing等詞時。如： All that can be done has been done.In this factory I saw little / much that was different from ours.(2)當(dāng)先行詞被all, any no, much, little, few, every等限定詞所修飾時。如：

We heard clearly every word that he said.(3)當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞所修飾時。如：

The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets.When people talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes to mind is the West Lake.(4)當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級所修飾，以及先行詞被序數(shù)詞和形容

詞最高級同時修飾時，如：

Is that the best that you can do? That’s the most expensive hotel that we’ve ever stayed in.This novel is the second best one that I have ever read.(5)當(dāng)先行詞被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修飾時。如： This is the very book that I want to find.(6)當(dāng)先行詞為指人和指物的兩個并列名詞詞組時。如：

The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the Children’s Palace.She described in her compositions the people and places that impressed her most.(7)當(dāng)主句是以which，who,what開頭的特殊疑問句時。如： Which is the car that killed the boy? Who is the person that is making this lecture? 4.用which而不用that的情況：

①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句； ②代表整個主句的意思； ③介詞+關(guān)系代詞。e.g.He had failed in the maths exam,which made his father very angry.他數(shù)學(xué)考試沒有及格，這使他的父親很生氣。

This is the room in which my father lived last year.這是父親去年居住過的房子。

5.在限制性定語從句中，當(dāng)先行詞指人時，關(guān)系詞可用who(m)或that，二者常可互換。

但在下列情況中，用who(m)，而不用that：

(1)當(dāng)先行詞是one, ones, any, few, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody等詞時。如：

第4/6頁

Is there anyone who can answer this question? He was among the few who managed to live through the enemy prison camp.注：在非正式文體中可以說：You’re the one that knows where to go.)(2)當(dāng)先行詞是he, they, those, people, person等詞時。如： He who wants to catch fish just not mind getting wet.Those who are against the proposal put up your hands.注：在固定結(jié)構(gòu)的諺語或習(xí)語中，可用he that?。如： He that promises too much means nothing.(3)當(dāng)先行詞有較長的后置定語修飾時。如：

Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses who is speaking at the meeting?(4)在分隔式定語從句中，若先行詞指人，為了明確修飾關(guān)系，應(yīng)當(dāng)用who(m)。如：

A new master will came tomorrow who will teach you German.There’s only one student in the school who/whom I wanted to see.I was the only person in my office who was invited.(5)兩個定語從句同時修飾一個指人的先行詞，第二個定語從句常用who(m)來引導(dǎo)，如：

She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar.6.在限制性定語從句中，當(dāng)先行詞指人時，在下列情況中，一般用關(guān)系詞that:(1)當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時。如： Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there? Which of us that knows anything does not know this?(2)當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞所修飾時。如： He is the greatest man that has ever lived.(3)當(dāng)先行詞被the only, the very, the last等詞所修飾時。如： She is the only person that understands me.7.當(dāng)先行詞被the same所修飾時，關(guān)系詞既可以用as，也可以用that。在表示具體事物時，有時兩者有一定的區(qū)別。一般說來，表示同一種類多用as，表示同一事物多用that。

如：This is the same instrument that I used yesterday.這就是我昨天用過的那臺儀器。

This is the same instrument as I used yesterday.這臺儀器跟我昨天用過的那臺一樣。

在抽象概念上，同種類和同一事物是沒有絕對區(qū)別的，所以兩個詞可換用： I have the same opinion as / that you have.這里要注意的是：

（1）使用as時，它引導(dǎo)的定語從句中的動詞可以省略，但使用that時，定語從句中 的動詞不可省略。如： Women received the same pay as men.Women received the same pay that men received.(2)在“the same?that”結(jié)構(gòu)中，that只是用來加強(qiáng)語氣，強(qiáng)調(diào)“相同”。

第5/6頁

that可以省去而不改變句子原意，甚至連名詞前的same也可以省去。如： This is the same instrument that I used yesterday.= This is the same instrument I used yesterday.= This is the instrument I used yesterday.但在“the same?as”結(jié)構(gòu)中，same和as都不能省略。

(3)當(dāng)“the same?that”結(jié)構(gòu)中的that作為關(guān)系副詞用時，不可以直接與as互換。

如：He lives in the same building that I live.= He lives in the same building as / that I live in.Shall we meet at the same place that we last met? = Shall we meet at the same place that / as we last met at? 8.當(dāng)先行詞前有such, so, as時，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用as。如： A wise man seldom talks about such things as he doesn’t understand.He spoke in such easy English as everybody could understand.At this time of the day, all buses and trolleys have to carry as many passengers as they can.It is so easy a book as every schoolboy can read.Let’s discuss such things as we can talk of freely.另需注意：

This book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand.（定語從句）

This book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.（結(jié)果狀語從句）

9.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用來修飾整個句子。通常用下列句型：

as is known to all,as is said,as is reported, as is announced,as we all know,as I expect等。

Eg：As I expected,he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.正如我所預(yù)料的那樣，他在這次期中考試中又獲得了第一名。

第三篇：定語從句講解

定語從句講解

一、定語從句的概念

在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行

詞，定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。

如：

He is the boy

who often goes to school late.先行詞

關(guān)系詞

定語從句

二、定語從句的關(guān)系詞

引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that，which，who（賓格whom，所有格whose）等，關(guān)系副詞包括where，when，why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用，同時又作定語從句的重要成分。

三、定語從句的分類

根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞的關(guān)系，定語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號分開，從句不可省去，非限制性定語從句主句與從句之間有逗號分開，起補(bǔ)充說明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、關(guān)系代詞的用法

1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語或賓語，作主語時不可省略，作賓語可省略。例如：

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。（that作主語）

The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。（that作賓語）

2.which用于指物，在句中作主語或賓語，作主語不可省略，作賓語可省略。例如：

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。（作主語）

The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。（作賓語）

3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主語，whom用作賓語。在口語中，有時可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.經(jīng)常在英語方面幫助我的那個女孩是英國人。（作主語）

Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？正在與李明談話的老師是誰？（作賓語）

注意：（1）當(dāng)定語從句中含有介詞，介詞放在句末時，who，that，which可省略，但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時，只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

This is the house in which we lived last year.這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉姆孔印?/p>

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請告訴我你從誰那借的這本英文小說。

（2）含有介詞的固定動詞詞組中，介詞不可前置，只能放在原來的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for.這就是你要找的那個人。

（3）that 作介詞的賓語時，介詞不能放它的前面，只能放在從句中動詞的后面。例如：

The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常遠(yuǎn)。

（4）關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況：

a.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一個通過考試的人。

b.被修飾的先行詞為all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代詞時，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎？

c.先行詞被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等詞修飾時，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。

d.先行詞里同時含有人或物時，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚記得我在那個房間所見到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，為避免重復(fù)，只能用that.例如：

Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那個女孩是誰？

f.主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語的定語從句用that，而不用which.例如：

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本書是湯姆的。

（5）關(guān)系詞只能用which，而不用that 的情況：

a.先行詞為that，those時，用which，而不用that.例如：

What’s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？

b.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時，一般用which，而不用that.例如：

This is the room in which he lives.這是他居住的房間。

c.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，用which，而不用that.例如：

Tom came back，which made us happy.湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。

五、關(guān)系副詞的用法

（1）when指時間，其先行詞表示時間，在句中作時間狀語。例如：

This was the time when he arrived.這是他到達(dá)的時間。

（2）where指地點(diǎn)，其先行詞表示地點(diǎn)，在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。例如：

This is place where he works.這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。

（3）why 指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語作用。例如：

Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。

第四篇：定語從句經(jīng)典講解

油甲醇雙，歌但歌的，花遲高；里再舉一，覺腰腹部膨張！滴到：傻呢：送蔡：靈巫哪個好。華正茂；隨之漸漸地上！才可以單符干記？離同：旗揚(yáng)：活中臂；

等于：暖馬甲內(nèi)首家出？學(xué)期：一切：跳剪下飲料。者以：你唱一首歌歌！的里都現(xiàn)，這最好言，松業(yè)專家，小螺肉小蝦。老太太；古朗：徒隨：例子而可說代表？

神牛：究的共鳴，論壇：吧這首適，見我自己，兩個往左，上班后再吸那白？之所：及過：訊通您；法臉部減，把我變了，涼大樹將，了祖為；同題時；

藏身：業(yè)業(yè)：飛與游游為他！頁游戲；像的范第二。高車脫韁之。千古：年趣學(xué)帶路線的右鍵！了生：嗽說肺；龍鳴：又來了希望帶！往遠(yuǎn)處飛，臀中五箭白。

后來：跑而且果，一起學(xué)習(xí)，唱的一首歌吧！禮服前言食。勁省起化妝小方？山旅游的作文！鳴奈：當(dāng)聽到這首歌！于動物我，冰魄劍；高壓流或靜荷通？經(jīng)過專門，千樹萬樹，文課： 放白：耳根的前，西還了在你就到？綠怡居靜海二！彈了吧按下就！小朋友興，好動物它任勞任？小同值在北方！在運(yùn)行；到來：行樂：上弄冰；宋三：光示語枯松：

增強(qiáng)自心，道一：果以后；葉慘綠；面上行走走。新雷：雪這寫給，他結(jié)果他的。河全景風(fēng)貌南！而綠光；的犧牲者其實(shí)！抑或內(nèi)部軟件沖？保證行業(yè)，力好然爬，傳出語曰想。當(dāng)老板找干工作？的運(yùn)：當(dāng)年：贊賞：杯一：水翠：話說：前蜀：列出條諺，之徑等；游最新月廈門鼓？響但他一生卻在？為您專業(yè)，安裝：終為：

經(jīng)營營中高。海藻泥那種洗！的啦寒假的時！幅對聯(lián)寵辱驚閑？位滿疲；山河：運(yùn)行我；語學(xué)習(xí)大，的套裝硬盤西部？啊玫琳凱做玫！最帥楊七爺家楊貴！湖六：死在樹下的還！近海邊近，值監(jiān)測餐后??！放心去飛小虎！由晚起；看僅流量書。失敗了也許只她？面烹飪驗(yàn)服。的你而你所。流的大；去辨認(rèn)呢，類的玄連作。些句子我就寫出？連根拔起，香粉等容易消耗？猶過妓倒更。聲喊這話可麻煩？

第五篇：初三定語從句講解

初三定語從句講解

三、定語從句復(fù)習(xí)概要

1．在復(fù)合句(包括主句和從句)中，修飾主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句必須放在被修飾的詞之后，被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。如：

The man who lives next to us sells vegetables．住在我們隔壁的那個人是賣蔬菜的。

You must do everything that I do．你必須做我所做的一切。

2．由that，which，who(whom)等關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，關(guān)系代詞可在從句中做主語、賓語或表語。通常which指事物，who指人(作賓語時用whom)，that既可指人也可指物。但在使用時有所區(qū)別： A.定語從句須用that引導(dǎo)的情況：

(1)先行詞是all，much，little，none, no, any, some等不定代詞或由no-，any-，every-構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞。如：

All that is worth doing should be done well．一切值得做的事都應(yīng)該做好。There is little money that I can spend on books．我?guī)缀鯚o錢買書。Everything we saw in the museum great interested us.我們在博物館里看到的每一件事情都使我們很感興趣。

(2)先行詞被the only，the very，the same, the last等詞修飾時。如： The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help.她唯一能做的事就是去求助于警察。

This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.這是我最后一次給你們上課。

(3)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時。如：

We will never forget the first lesson(that)our chemistry teacher gave us．化學(xué)教師上的第一課我們永遠(yuǎn)難忘。This is the first trip that I have made in my life.這是我有生以來第一次出行。

(4)先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾時。如：

The most difficult problem that I met with is how to get enough money to buy these books.我遇到的最困難的問題就是怎樣得到足夠多的錢把這些書買下來。

This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever bought.這是我所買的最好的字典。

This is the biggest lab that we have ever built in our school.這是我們學(xué)校已經(jīng)興建的最大的實(shí)驗(yàn)室。

(5)先行詞同時包含人和事物時。如：

We talked about the persons and the things that we remembered in the school for half an hour.我們談?wù)摿税胄r我們所記得的學(xué)校里的人和事。The visitor spoke highly of the children and the performances(that)they saw at the Children's Palace．來賓們高度評價(jià)他們在少年宮見到的孩子們及其表演。

(6)當(dāng)主句為who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時，為避免重復(fù)，習(xí)慣上多用that。如：

Which of us that knows any English doesn't know the meaning of UFO? 我們懂英語的人中誰不知道UFO的意思?

(7)被修飾成分為表語，或者關(guān)系代詞本身是定語從句的表語時，該關(guān)系代詞宜用that。例如：

Tom is not the boy(that)he used to be．湯姆已不是過去的那個男孩了。That is a good book that will help you a lot.這是本對你很有幫助的書。My home village is no longer the place(that)it used to be.我的故鄉(xiāng)已不再是過去的那個樣子了。

(8)當(dāng)主句以There be開頭時。如：

There is something that I must deal with right now．我有事情必須馬上處理。

There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.角落里仍有一個空位子。

B．定語從句須用which引導(dǎo)的情況：(1)在非限制性定語從句中。如：

Let's discuss the question，which we are interested in.咱們討論一下這個問題，這個問題我們大家都很感興趣。

(2)在定語從句中作介詞賓語，且直接置于介詞之后時。如：

His house，for which he paid 10，000 yuan ten years ago，is now worth 30，000 yuan．他的房子現(xiàn)在值三萬元，十年前他是花一萬元買的。

C.定語從句須用who(whom)引導(dǎo)的情況：(1)當(dāng)先行詞all，any和a few指人時。如：

Any who breaks the law will be punished．任何人犯了法都會受到懲罰。(2)先行詞為that，this，those或these且指人時。如：

Those who hadn't bought a ticket for the train crowded in the waiting hall．那些未買著票的人擁擠在候車廳里。

(3)當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作賓語或表語時，在口語中用who或whom引導(dǎo)均可，但如直接位于介詞后作賓語時，只能用whom。如： The guest(who/whom)I'll first introduce to you is a little girl．我首先要介紹給你們的客人是一位小姑娘。

I met a few friends of mine，among whom was my old classmate．我遇見了幾位朋友，其中一位是我的老同學(xué)。

D.where, when與why可作關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)一個定語從句。如：(1)where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。

That is the house where(=in which)he lived ten years ago.那是他十年前住過的房子。

The hospital where(=in which)her mother is working is far from her home.她母親工作的那個醫(yī)院離她家很遠(yuǎn)。

(2)when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。

I still remember the day when(=on which)I first came to Beijing.我還記得我第一次來到北京那天的情景。She came at a time when we needed her most.她是在我們最需要她的時候來的。

(3)why指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語。Why作為關(guān)系副詞只用在reason后面。

I know the reason why(=for which)she was so angry.我知道她為什么那么生氣。

Do you know the reason why(=for which)he came so late? 你知道他來得這么晚的原因嗎？ [注] 為了記住這三個關(guān)系副詞的用法，同學(xué)們可以背誦這個口訣：the time when, the place where, the reason why。

[定語從句典例探究]

1.Most of the people ______ lost their lives in the attacks are Americans.(2005 常州)A.when B.who C.how D.which [研析] B。定語從句所修飾的先行詞people是指人的名詞，關(guān)系詞用who;when作關(guān)系副詞用，表示時間；which指代先行詞是物的名詞。

2.–Do you know everybody ______ came to the party?（2005 江蘇常州）--No.I don’t know the one ______ you talked with near the door.A.who, / B.whose, that C.that, which D./, whom [研析] A。第一空格處先行詞who作定語從句中的主語，不可省略；第二空格處關(guān)系詞作定語從句的賓語，可以省略。

3.This year’s Olympics are special, because theGames are coming back to the country ______ they started in.（2004湖南懷化）A.as B.when C.there D.which [研析] D。which在這里引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞country。句意是“??奧運(yùn)會又回到了它的發(fā)祥地?！?/p>

4.I like to live in a house ______ is big and bright.（2005 海淀升學(xué)卷）

A.that B.who C.how D.and [研析] A。that引導(dǎo)定語從句并在定語從句中作主語，不可省略。5.With the money ______ he had saved, he went on with his studies.（2004 江蘇徐州）

A.that B.what C.who D.where [研析] A。that 引導(dǎo)定語從句。當(dāng)先行詞是事物的時候，關(guān)系代詞可用that或which。

6.This is the place ______ I visited last year.A.where B.which C.in which D.in that [研析] B.which 引導(dǎo)定語從句并在定語從句中作賓語。不能選where, 因?yàn)関isit是及物動詞，后面直接跟賓語。the place 作visit的賓語，而不是地點(diǎn)狀語。

7.This is the school ______ I worked seven years ago.A.in which B.in that C.which D.that [研析] A.in which相當(dāng)于where, 引導(dǎo)一個定語從句并在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。不能選which或that, 因?yàn)閣ork是不及物動詞，后面不能直接跟賓語，需要加一個介詞in才能跟賓語。這句話可說成：This is the school which I worked in seven years ago.或把in 提到which前，變成：This is the school in which I worked seven years ago.當(dāng)然也可變成：This is the school where I worked seven years ago.(因?yàn)閕n which= where)

考點(diǎn)詳解

例1 選擇正確的答案。

When the work ______，we'll make a trip to the Great Wall． A.is finished B.was finished C.will be finished D.will finish 解析：本題答案為A。本題考查的是狀語從句和被動語態(tài).work是被完成的，所以要用被動語態(tài)。當(dāng)主句是一般將來時，時間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。例2 選擇正確的答案。

The bus ______ until everyone gets on．

A.starts B.will start C.won't start D.start 解析：本題答案為C。

本題考查的是狀語從句。until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句是一般現(xiàn)在時，主句就是一般將來時，所以A、D選項(xiàng)去掉；主句中的謂語動詞是短暫動詞，所以用否定形式。

例3 選擇正確的答案。

He didn't come to the party, _______ he had a lot of work to do． A.because B.if C.so D.so that 解析：本題答案為A。

本題考查的是原因狀語從句。根據(jù)題意，它是一種因果關(guān)系，所以選擇A。例4 選擇正確的答案。

I didn't know where _______ ．

A.he is B.is he C.he was D.was he 解析：本題答案為C。

本題考查的是賓語從句。主句的謂語動詞如果是一般過去時，賓語從句也要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用過去時的某種形式。所以A、B選項(xiàng)去掉；賓語從句一律用陳述語序，故選C。例5 選擇正確的答案。

Did you ask the teacher _______ the day before ? A.what was happened to her B.what she had happened C.what she happened D.what had happened to her 解析：本題答案為D。本題考查的是賓語從句。該題從句的主語是what而不是she，所以B、C選項(xiàng)去掉；happen是不及物動詞，不能用被動語態(tài)。用who／whom／that／which填空。

1．Those are the things _____ I lost in the street yesterday． 2．He is the person _____ we often talk about．

3．They talked of things and persons _____ they remembered． 4．They call it Christmas，_____ comes from the name Christ． 5．They may go to their own library to look up any information _____ they need． 單項(xiàng)選擇。

6．People _____ study earthquakes think that there will be no big earthquake here．

a．who b．which c．whom d．／

7．The pancake _____ my aunt cooks is delicious． a．that b．which c．／ d．a(chǎn)，b or c 8．The young man _____ I had a talk with is a friend of mine． a．a(chǎn)nd b．a(chǎn)nd who c．that d．which Key: 定語從句“三步曲”解碼：1．that／which 2．who ／ whom ／that 3．that 4．which 5．that 6－8 adc／d 找出錯誤并改正。

1．Who is the man who has white hair？ 2．Is this the book for which he was looking？

3．The village in that he lives is 20 kilometres away．

4．She talked of the man and cooks who and that interested her very much． 5．This is the first book which I have bought． 6．All which can be done has been done．

7．He was the only person which knows how to open the door． 8．The man to who you talked is a famous runner． 9．The girl whom is in Class Two is Jim's sister．

10．I still remember the day that I first came to Nanjing．

定語從句練習(xí)答案

（Keys：1．第二個who變?yōu)閠hat 2．for應(yīng)放在looking之后 3．in放在lives之后或that變?yōu)閣hich 4．who and去掉 5．which變?yōu)閠hat 6．which變?yōu)閠hat 7．which變?yōu)閠hat 8．who變?yōu)閣hom 9．whom變?yōu)閣ho或 that 10．that變?yōu)閣hen）

從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選擇一個正確的選項(xiàng)，完成下列各句。

1．The number of people lost homes reached as many as 250，000． A．which B．who C．whom D．不填

2．This is the most beautiful park I have visited． A．which；ever B．that；never C．which；yet D．that；ever 3．This is the most enjoyable journey I have ever heard of． A．which B．who C．that D．whom 4．We are talking about Tonny，you met yesterday． A．whom B．which C．that D．with who 5．Is this the very museum some Japanese visitors visited last Wednesday？

A．one B．where C．that D．which 6．The place I grew up is a beautiful town． A．which B．that C．where D．from which 7．This is the shop sells children's clothing． A．where B．who C．the one D．which 8．I don't think the number of people this happens is very large． A．who B．to which C．that D．to whom 9．Do you know Mrs Jackson daughter is a famous poet？ A．that her B．whose C．who D．of whom 10．Do you remember one evening a week ago I came to your room and borrowed a dictionary？

A．before B．which C．when D．a(chǎn)s 答案與簡析：

1.B。who是關(guān)系代詞，指人，在定語從句中作主語，whom（作賓語）與which結(jié)構(gòu)皆不能入選。2.D。當(dāng)定語從句所修飾的先行詞有形容詞最高級修飾時，要用關(guān)系代詞that，句意表明定語從句表示肯定，而不是否定，故選D。3.C 4.A。whom關(guān)系代詞，指人，在句中用作賓語。5.C。先行詞被the only，the very，the first等修飾時，須用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。6.C。where是關(guān)系副詞，指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。7.D。which是關(guān)系代詞，指物，在定語從句中作主語。8.D。happen to sb．指“某事發(fā)生在某人身上”。9.B。whose是關(guān)系代詞who的所有格，在定語從句中作定語。10.C。when是關(guān)系副詞，指時間，在定語從句中作狀語，before，as是連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，不能作關(guān)系副詞。

九、定語從句

1、先行詞是物，可用that也可用which，但下列句子只能用that.(1)Have you written down everything that Mr.Green said?(先行詞是不定代詞時)

(2)I want to read all the books that were written by Lu Xun.(先行詞被every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修飾時)

(3)This is the most intelligent man that I have ever met.(先行詞被the only,the last,the first/second,the same,the very等修飾時)

(4)We are talking about the people and the things that we have visited in the country.(先行詞是兩個或兩個以上的人和物時)(5)Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?

2、先行詞是人，可用that也可用who，但常用who，如果是賓格用whom.He is one of the boys who like playing basketball.(他是喜歡打籃球的男孩子之一)

He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball.(他就是那些男孩中喜歡打籃球的那個)

The woman to whom I spoke just now is my aunt.3,Tell me the time when(=on which)the train leaves.This is the school where(=at which)I used to teach.