第一篇：2000年6月大學(xué)英語四級試題 4翻譯 及注釋

2000年6月大學(xué)英語四級翻譯題 2000年6月大學(xué)英語四級翻譯題

Part IVTranslation(15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, there are four items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting of one

or two sentences.These sentences are all taken from the Reading Passage you have just read in Part Three of Test Paper One.You are allowed 15 minutes to do the translation.You should refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.71.(Lines 1-2, Para.1, Passage 1)

Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判)decisions that denied victory to their team.A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

72.(Lines 1-2, Para.6, Passage 2)

But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

73.(Lines 5-6, Para.2, Passage 3)

What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or waiter to lose professional identity(身份)than to step out of uniform?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

74.(Lines 3-4, Para.2, Passage 4)

Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

71.[譯文] 1998年世界杯賽后很久，失望的球迷仍在詛咒那些導(dǎo)致他們隊(duì)失敗的有爭議的裁決，他們指派了一位調(diào)查員去調(diào)查一些優(yōu)秀的裁判員的表現(xiàn)。

【注釋】

在本句中，注意短語the disputed refereeing decisions 的翻譯，定語從句that denied victory to their team 的翻譯，和top一詞的翻譯。

72.[譯文] 但是，對許多人來說，窮人在沒有政府援助的情況下能生活得很好，就和在政府援助下一樣好，這就是一大勝利。

【注釋】

在本句中，應(yīng)注意 “many”一詞的翻譯，以及較長的主語從句 “the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it”的翻譯。

73.[譯文] 對于護(hù)士、警察、理發(fā)師和侍者來說，還有什么比脫去制服更容易失去職業(yè)身份呢？

【注釋】

本句中，要注意 “What easier way is there…?”句型的翻譯。

74.[譯文] 社會支持包括以人際關(guān)系紐帶為基礎(chǔ)的人們之間的資源交換。

【注釋】

本句中，應(yīng)該注意詞組“consist of”的翻譯，和定語 “based on their interpersonal ties”的翻譯。

第二篇：大學(xué)英語四級翻譯模擬試題及答案

大學(xué)英語四級翻譯模擬試題及答案

Test 1 1.The soldier_______________________________(被指控逃跑)when the enemy attacked.2.Had he worked harder, ____________________________________(他就會通過考試).3.In the U.S., 88% of smokers had started before they were 18, _____________________ ______________________(盡管他們知道販賣香煙是違法的)to anyone under that age.4.Ann never dreams of _________________________________(有機(jī)會把她送出國)very soon.5._______________________________(考慮到所有的情況), the planned trip will have to be called off.Test 2 1.Americans eat _____________________________(兩倍的蛋白質(zhì))they actually need every day.2.What he said just now ___________________________________(與正在討論的問題沒什么關(guān)系).3.Floods cause ___________________________________(上億美元的財(cái)產(chǎn)損失)annually.4.Many personnel manager say it is getting harder and harder to________________________ ______________________________（區(qū)分誠實(shí)的和不誠實(shí)的求職者）.5.We agreed to accept _______________________________________(任何一個(gè)他們認(rèn)為是最好的導(dǎo)游).Test 3 1._______________________________(直到天黑她才發(fā)現(xiàn))it was too late to go home.2.It is essential that _________________________________(這些申請表被送回)as early as possible.3.It is important that the hotel receptionist ______________________________________ _______________(確信客人們已經(jīng)正確的登記).4.In recent years ________________________________________________________(工作重點(diǎn)大多被放置在)developing the students’ productive skills.5.The president promised to keep all the board members informed of _________________ _________________________(協(xié)商進(jìn)行得怎樣了).Test 4 1.Eating too much fat can __________________________________(導(dǎo)致心臟病和高血壓).2.Not until the game had begun ___________________________________(他到達(dá)運(yùn)動場).3.Sometimes children have trouble ___________________________________(把現(xiàn)實(shí)和小說故事分開)and may believe that such things actually exist.1 4.The mother didn’t know ___________________________________(誰應(yīng)該因打破玻璃而受責(zé)備).5.The leader of the expedition___________________________________(鼓勵(lì)每個(gè)人都以他為榜樣).Test 5 1.Reading between the lines, I would say that the Government ______________________ _________________________(與其說允許不如說有更多的擔(dān)心).2.Their products are frequently _________________________________(價(jià)格高質(zhì)量次).3.To our relief, Geoffrey's illness proved _________________________________(沒有我們擔(dān)心的那樣嚴(yán)重).4.____________________________________________(她把所有的精力都放在孩子們身上)and she seems to have little time for anything else.5.The careless man received a ticket for speeding.He ____________________________(不必開車開得那么快).Test 6 1.If I had worked harder at school, I ______________________________________(可能正坐在舒適的辦公室里).2.The shop assistant was dismissed as _____________________________________(她被指控欺騙顧客).3.The police are trying to ________________________________________(查明那位女士的身份)killed in the traffic accident.4.Owing to ___________________________________________(航空公司之間的激烈競爭), travel expenses have been reduced considerably.5.Color and sex are not relevant _________________________________________(一個(gè)人是否適合這份工作).Test 7 1.But for the storm, the ship _________________________________________(可能會準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)目的地).2.We can accept your order on condition that __________________________________(提前支付).3.In India more than one hundred languages are spoken, _____________________________ _______________________________(其中只有14種被認(rèn)定是官方語言).4.It is too early to say whether IBM’s competitors will be able to _______________________ ___________________________(他們的產(chǎn)品適應(yīng)于新的軟件)at an affordable cost.5.When I go out in the evening ___________________________________(我寧愿騎自行車而不開車)if I can.Test 8 1.In order to ____________________________________(為人們提供便利), the department is planning to set up some mobile shops in the residential area.2.A study shows that students living in non-smoking dorms ___________________________ _____________(可能較少染上吸煙的習(xí)慣).3.His business was very successful, but it was ______________________________________ _____________(以犧牲他的家庭生活為代價(jià)的).4.Only__________________________________________(那些能夠承擔(dān)經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的人)should make high-risk investments.5.It is obvious that this new rule __________________________________________(絕無例外的適應(yīng)于任何人).Test 9 Companies _________________________________________________(正致力于尋求供求平衡), but it is no easy task.John cannot afford to go to university, __________________________(更不用說是出國).Dr.Smith __________________________________________(總是關(guān)心貧窮的和患病的人們), often providing them with free medical care.After working all day, he _____________________________________(太累而沒有心情)go to the party with us.An important factor______________________________________(決定你考試的表現(xiàn))is the state of your mind.Test 10 1._________________________________(通過體育鍛煉), we can always stay healthy.2.We wish to convey to you _______________________________(我們衷心的祝賀).3.In this way, I believe that all the people may be able to ___________________________（像我一樣享受乘坐公車的樂趣）.4.________________________________（我們確定搞兩個(gè)開放）：namely, to open up both externally and internally.5.A dog has won a German government award ________________（因協(xié)助警方勸阻一名婦女自殺）.Test 11 1.2.3.4.（這個(gè)計(jì)劃成功的關(guān)鍵）________________________________is good planning.I suggested he _____________________________（使自己適應(yīng)）his new conditions.I don’t mind you_______________(延期做出決定)the decision as long as it is not too late.Because of advances in the medical technology, heart surgery is not ______________________________(像以前那么危險(xiǎn)).5.____________________(你說的我大部分同意),but I can not go all the way with you.Test 12 1.It is recommended that ____________________(工程不動工)until all preparations have been made.2.According to the scientific research , _____________(聽音樂能使我們放松).Is this really true? 3.__________________(無論從哪一方面考慮)，they ought to be given another chance.4.By practicing these, I have been able to _______________________________(在智育方面我一直能不斷進(jìn)步）.5.______________________（不用說）that he’s been there before.Test 13 1.2.3.4.5.They knew her very well.___________________________(他們看著她長大).______________________(而不是讓蔬菜爛掉),he sold them at half price._______________________(我們絕對不能)ignore the value of knowledge.________________________(隨著時(shí)間的流逝),.they forgot their bitter sufferings.According to a recent survey, four million people ____________________（死于與吸煙有關(guān)的疾?。〆ach year.Test 14 1.__________________（真想不到）that he had done a thing like that.2._________________（這棟房子需要現(xiàn)代化）：it has no bathroom or electricity.3.The ship ' s generator broke down and the pumps____________________（不得不用手工操作）instead of mechanically.4.If you won't agree to our plan,_____________________（他們也不會同意）.5.But for his help, I___________________(不可能這么早完成).Test 15 1.Only one week later, Mr.Smith came to realize ___________________________(不是我就是他錯(cuò)了).2.If tap water was as dangerous as some people think, ____________________________(那我們中更多人將得病).3.______________________(這個(gè)陌生人占這位年輕姑娘的便宜)and cheated her out of five dollars.4.As is known to all, _________________(假冒偽劣商品)harm the interests of consumers.5.We must _______________(使自己適應(yīng))the demands of our times;otherwise we'll fall behind the other industrialized nations of the world.Test 16 1.2.3.4.________________________（沒有一項(xiàng)發(fā)明獲得如此多的表揚(yáng)和批評）than Internet.Premier Zhou ____________________________（一心想著人民的利益）.__________________________（飛機(jī)什么時(shí)候起飛）has not been announced.The price of beer______________________(從50美分到4美元不等)per liter during the summer season..5.His remarks left me ____________________________（想知道他的真實(shí)目的）.Test 17 1.2.3.4.5.She never dreams of ___________________(被派到國外).When the World War Two was over, Britain __________________(釋放了大部分的戰(zhàn)俘)._______________________(考慮到所有問題),the planned trip will have to be called off.______________________(事實(shí)既然如此),there are no grounds to justify your complaints.Faced with failure, some people can stand up to it, _____________(從失敗中汲取教訓(xùn))and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do.Test 18 1.The number of the students in the city has ___________________(增加了五倍)in comparison with 2001.2.An increasing number of people are beginning to realize ______________（教育不能隨著畢業(yè)而結(jié)束）.3.___________________（她非常不情愿地）that she agreed to help.4.His idea is _______________________（應(yīng)該立即執(zhí)行計(jì)劃）

5.I prefer to communicate with my customers ________________________（通過寫電子郵件而不是打電話）

Test 19 1.If you had_____________________（聽從了我的勸告，你就不會陷入麻煩）2.This leaflet tells you _______________________(怎么在旅行期間防止生病).3.When I refused to move my car, he ______________________(勃然大怒)and threatened to call the police.4.The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds on which ______________________(來 支撐他的觀點(diǎn)).5.We ______________________(已投入所有的時(shí)間和精力)in this plan, and we don’t want it to fail.Test 20 1.2.3.4.Everyone has his inherent ability ,________________(只是很容易被習(xí)慣所掩蓋).________________________(他們沒有去游泳)，they went to play football that day.I replied to her that __________________________（我將會接受她的邀請）.______________________（隨著工商業(yè)的發(fā)展）,the number of trees in many big cities has dramatically reduced.5.After the terrorist attack, tourists __________________（被勸告暫時(shí)不要去該國旅游）.Test 21 1.Though you stay in the sea for weeks, you will not________________（失去聯(lián)系）the outside world.2.I have had great deal of trouble_________________________（跟得上班上的其他同學(xué)）.3.We should recognize that every company and every person is______________________(顧客和供應(yīng)者漫長鏈條的一部分).4.My brother was very ill, so _______________________(我只得把醫(yī)生請來)in the middle of the night.5.This book ________________________(條理不清),Some parts are even contradictory.Test 22 1.Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I__________________(本來不必從銀行借錢).2.The importance of traffic safety , ______________________(無論如何強(qiáng)調(diào)都不為過).3.There is no doubt that _________________________(需求的增長導(dǎo)致了價(jià)格的上漲).4.She was angry with her husband ,so _____________（她不理不睬）when he spoke to her..5.Travel can widen our knowledge, ________________（擴(kuò)大我們的眼界）,and make one open-minded as well.Test 23 1.（他把自己奉獻(xiàn)于社區(qū)工作）___________________ and is passionate about what he is doing.2.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence,__________________（正在研制）and perfected now.3.Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used______________（習(xí)慣了學(xué)生遲到）his lecture.4.I’d rather________________(你別發(fā)表任何意見)on the issue for the time being.5.Don’t you know it’s the first time _____________________(他參加這種會議).Test 24 1.Unlike photocopies of books, the digital copies are _____________________(幾乎和原件質(zhì)量一模一樣).2.We are a competitive company looking for creative people willing to work __________(盡其所能).3.In my opinion , ____________________________(打電動玩具既浪費(fèi)時(shí)間也有害健康).4.He cannot win a good reputation，_________________________(因?yàn)樗嘧於嗌?.5.How could we get news in our own society or abroad ______________（沒有報(bào)紙的話）? Test 25 1.Cars are responsible for most of the smog in cities, _______________（這已經(jīng)對環(huán)境造成了嚴(yán)重的污染）.2.Man should not exploit the natural resources _______________（以犧牲其他物種為代價(jià)）.3.How close parents are to their children______________________（有很強(qiáng)的影響）the character of the children.4.In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives__________________（起著不可缺少的作用）in raising children.5.He always dreams of _________________(有個(gè)機(jī)會)for him to bring into full play his potential.Test 26 1.You should _______________(留心任何一點(diǎn)變化)in the patient while the doctor is away.2.The snow ______________________(已持續(xù)下了幾個(gè)小時(shí))and the ground is completely covered.3.I have no objection_______________________(再聽聽你的故事).4.There is no doubt that __________________________(近視是一個(gè)很嚴(yán)重的問題)among the youth of our country.5.We have reasons to believe that, _______________(一個(gè)更加光明美好的未來等著我們).Test 27 1.The latest census shows that China’s population ______________（已超過10億）2.Modernization will be entirely possible in the first half of the 21st century, as long as we ________________（堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為）that economic development is the center of all our work.3.When Sandy recovered from cancer, her doctor ___________________________（把此歸因于她對未來的信念）.4.The room is in a terrible mess;it _____________________（肯定沒打掃過）

5.Mark often___________________（試圖逃脫罰款）whenever he breaks traffic regulations.Test 28 1.2.3.4.5.We had to start at exactly the same time,___________________(所以我們必須核準(zhǔn)手表)._________________________(他是否是工作的合適人選)is still a controversial issue.Fertilizer are used primary to enrich the soil and _______________________(提高產(chǎn)量).Sorry I didn’t realize ______________________(這是個(gè)如此敏感的問題).According to my personal experience , ___________________(微笑已帶給我許多好處).Test 29 1.There are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society，______________(但是只有那些做好充分準(zhǔn)備并且高度稱職的人)can make use of them to achieve purpose.2.We have had ten recorders ,but we still need ________________（需要這么多）as again.3.He was convinced on the basis of _______________________（當(dāng)時(shí)已出現(xiàn)的情況）that there would be a long and difficult struggle.4.At the end of his speech, the school master encouraged the children to work hard ______________________（不要讓父母失望）.5.With tears on her face, the lady ____________________________（看著他受傷的兒子被送進(jìn)手術(shù)室）.Test 30 1.When I __________________（發(fā)現(xiàn)他騙我）I stopped buying thins there and started dealing with another shop.2.He has just arrived, but he talks____________________(似乎什么都知道了).3.In previous times, _____________________(當(dāng)鮮肉供應(yīng)不足時(shí)), pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food.4.American football and baseball are becoming known to the British public through ______________________(電視傳輸)from the United States.5.If this can’t be settled reasonably ,it may be necessary to _________________(訴諸武力).參考答案： Test 1

1.was accused of running away

2.he would have got through the exams 3.despite the fact that it is illegal to sell cigarettes 4.there being a chance for her to be sent abroad 5.All things considered

3.find out the identity of the woman 4.fierce competition among the airlines 5.whether a person is suitable for the job

Test 7

1.would have reached its destination on

time

2.payment is made in advance

3.of which only fourteen are recognized as

official

4.adapt their products to the new hardware 5.I use the bike rather than the car Test 2 1.twice as much protein as 2.had little to do with the question under discussion 3.billions of dollars worth of property damage 4.distinguish honest applicant and dishonest ones 5.whoever they thought was the best tourist guide

Test 8

1.make things convenient for the people 2.are less likely to pick up the habit of

smoking

3.at the expense of his family life

4.those who can afford to lose their money 5.is applicable to everyone without

exception Test 3 1.It was not until dark that she realized 2.these application forms be sent back 3.make sure that guests are registered correctly 4.much more emphasis has been put on 5.how the negotiations were going on

Test 9

1.are struggling to find the right balance

between supply and demand 2.not to speak of going abroad

3.was always concerned about the poor and

the sick

4.was so tired that he was in no mood to 5.in determining how well you perform in

an examination Test 4 1.contribute to heart disease and cause high blood pressure 2.did he arrive at the sports ground 3.separating fact from fiction 4.who to blame for the broken glass 5.inspired everyone to follow his example Test 5 1.are more worried than they will admit 2.overpriced and inferior in quality 3.not to be as serious as we had feared 4.All her energies are focused upon her children 5.shouldn’t have driven so fast

Test 10

1.2.3.4.By taking exercises

our hearty congratulations enjoy the bus ride like me

We have decided on an open policy in two respects

5.for helping police persuade a woman not

to commit suicide Test 6 1.would be sitting in a comfortable office now 2.she was accused of cheating customers

Test 11

1.The key to the success of this project 2.should adapt himself to 3.delaying making 4.not as dangerous as it formerly was 5.Much of what you say I agree with

5.wondering about his real purpose

Test 17

1.2.3.4.5.being sent abroad

sets free most of war prisoners All things considered Such being the case draw useful lessons from it Test 12 1.the project not be started

2.listening to music enables us to feel relaxed 3.Taking everything into consideration 4.make constant progress in intellectual education 5.It’s needless to say

Test 18

1.increased 6 times

2.that education is not complete with

graduation

3.It was very reluctantly

4.that the plan should be carried out

immediately

5.via E-mail instead of telephone Test 13 1.They had seen her grow up from childhood

2.Rather than allow the vegetable to go bad

3.On no account can we 4.With the passage of time 5.die of diseases linked to smoking

Test 19

1.followed my advice, you would not be in

trouble now.2.how to avoid getting ill while traveling 3.flew into a rage 4.to base his arguments

5.have invested all our time and effort Test 14 1.2.3.4.5.It was unexpected When the plane is to take off had to be operated manually neither will they would not have finished so early

Test 20

1.2.3.4.which is easily concealed by habits Instead of going swimming I would accept her invitation

With industries and business developing quickly

5.were advised not to travel to that country

at the moment Test 15 1.realize either I or he was wrong

2.a lot more of us would be getting sick 3.The stranger took advantage of the young girl

4.fake and inferior commodities 5.adapt ourselves to

Test 21

1.lose contact with

2.keeping up with the rest of the class.3.part of a long chain of customers and

suppliers

4.I had to call the doctor

5.does not have an integrated structure Test 16 1.No invention has received more praise and abuse 2.has always had the interests of the people at heart 3.When the plane is to take off 4.ranges/varies from 50 cents to $4

Test 22 1.needn’t have borrowed it from the bank 2.can't be overemphasized / can't be emphasized too much 3.the increase in demand resulted in /caused the rise in prices 4.she ignored him 5.broaden our horizon

the idea

3.attributed it to her firm belief in the

future

4.can't have been cleaned

5.attempts to escape being fined

Test 28

1.so we had our watches checked

2.Whether he is the right person for the

job

3.to increase yield

4.it was such a sensitive issue 5.smile has done me a lot of good Test 23 1.2.3.4.5.he devoted himself to the community are being developed to students’ being late for

you didn’t make any comment

he has attended this kind of meeting

Test 29

1.but only those who are prepared

adequately and qualified highly 2.as many

3.what had appeared by then 4.and not to let their parents down

5.watched her injured son sent into the

operation room.Test 24 1.are virtually identical in quality to the original

2.to the best of their ability

3.playing video games not only takes much time but also does harm to health 4.because he has a loose tongue 5.without newspaper

Test 30

1.caught /found him cheating me 2.as if he knows about that

3.when fresh meat was in short supply 4.through televised transmissions 5.resort to force Test 25 1.which has seriously polluted the environment 2.at the cost of sacrificing/loss of other species_ 3.has a strong influence on/effect on 4.play indispensable roles 5.there being a chance

Test 26 1.2.3.4.5.keep an eye on the slightest changes has been steadily falling for hours to hearing your story again near-sightedness is a serious problem we would have a better and brighter future Test 27 1.has exceeded one billion 2.hold an idea/ insist on the idea/ stick to

第三篇：2016大學(xué)英語四級 翻譯練習(xí)

世界貿(mào)易組織成立于1995年1月1日，目的是確保一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的全球和貿(mào)易經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境。在當(dāng)今世界上的190多個(gè)國家中，世界貿(mào)易組織的成員國(member country)有158個(gè)。在處理國家之間的貿(mào)易規(guī)則方面，世界貿(mào)易組織是唯一的全球性國際組織。世貿(mào)組織的事務(wù)應(yīng)該引起我們的關(guān)注，因?yàn)槭蕾Q(mào)組織制定的規(guī)則對我們國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)和國民生活都有一定的影響。The WTO(World Trade Organization),established on January 1, 1995, aims to ensure a stable trade and economic world environment.The WTO is an association of 158 member countries, of more than 190 countries in the world today.The WTO is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations.The business of the WTO should be of interest to us because the rules that are being decided therein have an impact on our national economy, and peoples lives.2 奧運(yùn)會是國際性的體育盛會(sporting events)，體育項(xiàng)目種類繁多，分為夏冬兩季，均是每4年舉辦一次。最初有記載的奧運(yùn)會于公元前776年在希臘的奧林匹亞(Olympia)舉行。奧運(yùn)會是最大的媒體活動之一。2000年悉尼奧運(yùn)會上，有超過1.6萬名播音員和新聞記者參與報(bào)道。據(jù)估計(jì)，有38億觀眾通過電視收看了此屆盛會。然而，奧運(yùn)會的發(fā)展也是奧運(yùn)會面臨的一個(gè)大問題。

The Olympic Games are an international multisport event subdivided into summer and winter sporting events.The summer and winter games are each held every four years.The original Olympic Games were first recorded in 776 BC in Olympia, Greece.The Olympics are one of the largest media events.In Sydney in 2000 there were more than 16 000 broadcasters and journalists, and an estimated 3.8 billion viewers watched the games on television.However, the development of the Olympics is one of the largest problems the Olympics face today.3 《三國演義》由羅貫中創(chuàng)作于14世紀(jì)，是一部中國歷史題材小說。小說以漢朝末年和三國時(shí)期的歷史演變?yōu)楸尘?，敘述了在這個(gè)動蕩(turbulent)時(shí)期發(fā)生的一系列重大事情。整個(gè)故事情節(jié)從公元168年開始一直到公元280年領(lǐng)土統(tǒng)一(reunification)時(shí)結(jié)束。小說篇幅長達(dá)80萬字，分為120個(gè)章節(jié)，共描述了1 191個(gè)人物角色，堪稱中國文學(xué)史上四大經(jīng)典小說之一。

Romance of the Three Kingdoms, written by Luo Guanzhong in the 14th century, is a Chinese historical novel based upon events in the turbulent years near the end of the Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms era, starting in AD 168 and ending with the reunification of the land in AD 280.It is acclaimed as one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature, with a grand total of 800 000 words, 1 191 characters, and 120 chapters.4 秧歌舞(Yangko)是中國漢族的一種傳統(tǒng)民間舞蹈，通常在北方省份表演。秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服裝(costume)，他們的表演動作有力而迅速。在農(nóng)歷春節(jié)、元宵節(jié)等節(jié)日期間，人們一旦聽到鑼(gong)鼓聲，不管外面天氣有多冷，他們都會蜂擁到街上觀看秧歌舞表演。近年來，中國東北某些城市的老年人自發(fā)組織了秧歌隊(duì)，隊(duì)員常年通過跳秧歌舞來保持健康，同時(shí)他們也樂在其中。The Yangko dance is a traditional folk dance of the Han Chinese, commonly performed in the northern provinces.Yangko dancers usually wear bright and colorful costumes, and their movements are vigorous and quick.During holidays such as lunar New Year and the Lantern Festival, as soon as people hear the sound of drums and gongs they swarm into the streets to watch Yangko dance performances, no matter how cold it is outside.In recent years, elderly people in some cities in Northeast China have been organizing themselves into Yangko teams, with the dancers mostly enjoying themselves while keeping fit all year round.5 中國人喜歡在一起吃飯，這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)可以追溯到很久之前。這反映出中國人喜歡團(tuán)圓、不愿分離的觀念——圓桌、圓盤、圓碗都象征著團(tuán)圓和美滿。盤子通常放在桌子的中央,這樣坐在桌子面前的所有人都可以吃得到。一鍋熱湯尤其可以增加和諧、團(tuán)圓的氣氛。朋友們也喜歡在一起吃飯、生活。最近一位美國漢學(xué)家(Sinologist)的著作認(rèn)為，中國人的集體觀念(collective tradition)就是從一同吃飯發(fā)展而來的。

Chinese like to eat together, which is a tradition that can be traced back a long time ago.It reflects the Chinese notion of union versus division—round tables, round dishes, and round bowls all symbolize union and perfection.Dishes are usually placed at the center of the table so that everyone around the table can share them.A hot pot, in particular, adds to the atmosphere of harmony and union.Friends also like to eat and live together.A recent book by an American Sinologist held that the Chinese collective tradition developed out of the practice of eating together.6 川劇(Sichuan Opera)就像四川火鍋以及其他的名菜一樣動人、豐富。變臉(Face Changing)是川劇中的一大亮點(diǎn)。據(jù)說古人在他們的臉上作畫，[JP2]以便趕走野生動物。川劇吸收了這一古老的技藝并將其升華為一門藝術(shù)。變臉是一門神奇的藝術(shù)。演員在不到20秒的時(shí)間內(nèi)要換十多次臉譜。通過舉手、擺袖或搖頭，演員使用不同的臉譜來表現(xiàn)不同的情緒，并通過看得見摸得著的臉譜表達(dá)出看不見摸不著的感情。

Sichuan Opera(Chuan Ju), like hotpot and other famous Sichuan dishes, is exciting and rich.Face Changing is the highlight of Sichuan Opera.It is said that ancient people painted their faces to drive away wild animals.Sichuan Opera absorbs this ancient skill and perfects it into an art.Face Changing is a magical art.Actors change more than 10 masks in less than 20 seconds.By raising the hand, swinging a sleeve or tossing the head, an actor uses different masks to show different emotions, expressing invisible and intangible feelings through visible and tangible masks.7 長城作為世界上最偉大的奇觀之一，是古代中國在不同時(shí)期為抵御北方游牧民族（nomadic tribe）侵襲而修筑的規(guī)模浩大的軍事工程的統(tǒng)稱。如同巨龍一般，長城自東向西綿延8 800多公里。距今已有2 000多年歷史的萬里長城很多地方已經(jīng)變成了廢墟，但是它仍然是世界上最具吸引力的地方。1987年，長城被聯(lián)合國教科文組織（UNESCO）列為世界文化遺產(chǎn)。The Great Wall, one of the greatest wonders in the world, is the general name of a series of largescale military constructions during different periods in ancient China, hoped for the defense against the invasion of nomadic tribes from the north.Just like a gigantic dragon, the Great Wall stretches over 8 800 kilometers from east to west of China.With a history of more than 2 000 years, many sections of the Great Wall have been in ruins now.However, it is still one of the most appealing attractions all around the world.In 1987, the Great Wall was listed as a World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO.8 光棍節(jié)，又稱“雙十一”，最初是由大學(xué)生發(fā)起的單身人士的情人節(jié)，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)從最初的慶祝單身變成了中國人的一個(gè)網(wǎng)購狂歡節(jié)。過去六年里，中國的電商（ecommerce）巨頭們開始利用這一商機(jī)，通過打折促銷吸引顧客，提高銷售收入。天貓(Tmall.com)雙十一一天的銷售額從2009年的5 000萬飆升至2013年的350億。郵政部門（the State Post Bureau）表示由于準(zhǔn)備充分，盡管訂單增加，快遞業(yè)務(wù)仍然運(yùn)行正常。

Singles Day, also named the Double 11 Day, which originated with college students as an alternative to Valentines Day for single people, now has transformed its original function as a day of celebration for the great unloved into a day of crazy online shopping for the Chinese people.Over the past six years, Singles Day has been taken advantage of by Chinese ecommerce giants by offering discounts and launching sales campaigns on that day to attract customers and boost sales income.Sales at Tmall.com on Singles Day have snowballed from 50 million yuan in 2009 to 35 billion yuan in 2013.The State Post Bureau said that thanks to adequate preparation, express deliveries were running on schedule despite the increase in orders.9 對于中國人來說，“面子”十分重要，它指的是一個(gè)人根源于自尊的名譽(yù)觀。大部分中國人都認(rèn)為，有面子是最重要的事情之一，丟面子則會帶來巨大的痛苦。因此，人們必須了解并遵守面子規(guī)則，如果違反就會受到嚴(yán)厲的懲罰。然而，有時(shí)候一個(gè)人丟面子不僅僅是因?yàn)樗麄兊男袨椴环仙鐣囊?，還可能是由于別人的行為沒有符合他個(gè)人的期待。

Face is immensely important for the Chinese.It can be defined as a notion of ones reputation rooted in selfesteem.Most of the Chinese people believe that to have face is one of the most valued things, while to lose face is a cause of great anguish.Thus, people are expected to know and abide by the rules of face and are penalized harshly if they break them.However, sometimes a person could lose face not only because of his failure to match up to societys obligations on him, but also from the failure of others to act in accordance with his expectations of them.武術(shù)在我國源遠(yuǎn)流長，是中國傳統(tǒng)文化的瑰寶(gem)。我們知道，一個(gè)民族的優(yōu)秀文化遺產(chǎn)不僅僅屬于一個(gè)民族，它會逐漸傳播到世界的其他地方而成為人類的共同財(cái)富。為了更好地推廣武術(shù)，使其與奧運(yùn)項(xiàng)目接軌，中國武協(xié)和國際武聯(lián)(the Chinese Wushu Association and the International Wushu Federation)做了艱苦卓絕的工作。現(xiàn)在武術(shù)已被列為一種與保齡球(bowling)和國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)舞(international standard dance)有同等地位的奧運(yùn)表演項(xiàng)目。

With a long history in China, wushu is a gem of Chinese traditional culture.As we all know, the excellent cultural heritage of a nation doesnt belong to the nation alone but will be spread to the rest of the world gradually to be shared by all humanity.The Chinese Wushu Association and the International Wushu Federation have been working very hard to popularize wushu and move it closer to the Olympic events.Now, wushu has been accepted as an Olympic demonstration event with the same status as bowling and international standard dance.11 旗袍(Qipao)是中國獨(dú)特的傳統(tǒng)服飾。旗袍原本是滿族(Manchu)婦女的服裝，穿在身上非常寬松，直上直下，中間沒有腰線。后來一些漢族的女性對這種服飾進(jìn)行了改造，使它更加合身、性感。20世紀(jì)20年代，旗袍在上海的女學(xué)生中變得非常流行。旗袍一般是由絲綢制成，領(lǐng)口、袖口和腋襟上都繡有精細(xì)的花邊。旗袍體現(xiàn)了中國女性的端莊、溫柔和美麗。

Qipao is a unique kind of traditional Chinese attire.Originally worn by Manchu women, Qipao fitted loosely and hung straight down the body with no waistlines.And then some Han Chinese ladies carried out some improvements on the design, making it more fitting and sexier.When it came to the 1920s, Qipao became very popular among the girl students in Shanghai.Qipao is usually made of silk, and embroidered with delicate laces at the neckline, cuffs and edges.Qipao embodies Chinese womens modesty, softness and beauty.中國石窟(grotto)主要反映的是佛教文化藝術(shù)。敦煌莫高窟、大同云岡石窟、洛陽龍門石窟、天水麥積山石窟，號稱中國四大石窟藝術(shù)景觀。佛教石窟隨山雕鑿、彩繪，形象生動自然，將崇高美(sublimity)與世俗情(secular feeling)融為一體，把天然造化與人工創(chuàng)造有機(jī)結(jié)合，是由建筑、繪畫、雕塑等組成的博大精深、絢麗奪目的綜合藝術(shù)殿堂。其藝術(shù)成就為世界所矚目，已成為重要的世界文化遺產(chǎn)。

Chinese grottoes mainly reflect the art of Buddhist culture.In China, there are four major art landscapes of grottoes: the Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang, the Yungang Grottoes at Datong, the Longmen Grottoes at Luoyang, and the Maijishan Grottoes at Tianshui.Carved and painted on mountains, the Buddhist grottoes mingle both sublimity and secular feelings together, presenting us a vivid and natural appearance.They embody the systematic combination of both the exceptional artistry of great nature and the extremely fine craftsmanship of mankind.The Chinese Buddhist grottoes are regarded as a profound and stunning general art gallery, displaying the art of architecture, painting, sculptures and etc.The artistic achievements of Chinese grottoes have attracted the attention of the world, and have become an important international cultural heritage.13 中國古典文學(xué)包括詩歌、散文、小說及詞(ci)、賦(fu)、曲(qu)等多種文體，藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)手法豐富各異。小說歷史悠久，并在明清時(shí)期達(dá)到巔峰。小說中的《三國演義》《水滸傳》《西游記》《紅樓夢》被稱為中國四大古典文學(xué)名著，至今在國內(nèi)外都有著廣泛而深遠(yuǎn)的影響。研讀四大名著能夠了解中國傳統(tǒng)人文社會、民俗，是汲取古代文明精粹、處世為人策略與智慧的重要途徑。

Chinese classical literature includes poetry, prose, fiction, and ci(new lyrics written to preexisting tunes), fu(“descriptive poems” of prosepoetry), qu(a freer form based on the new popular songs and dramatic arias), and many other styles.Its artistic expressions are various in techniques.Chinese fiction has a long history, reaching its peak in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Four classics of Chinese literature are Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin, Pilgrimage to the West, and A Dream of Red Mansions, which have extensive and farreaching significance both on a national and international level.Through reading “the four famous novels” carefully, you can understand traditional Chinese society and human culture, and its folklore.And it is an important way to absorb the quintessence of ancient culture as well as to pick up strategies and wisdom on how to get along with others.14 泰山(Mount Tai)位于山東中部，占地426平方千米，最高峰“玉皇頂(the Jade Emperor Peak)”海拔約1 545米。泰山以恢宏的自然景觀著稱于世，山上點(diǎn)綴著寺廟、石碑和石刻(stone inscription)。身為中國五大名山之首，泰山備受佛教(Buddhism)和道教(Taoism)的推崇。中國的很多皇帝都曾到泰山敬拜天地。傳統(tǒng)觀念認(rèn)為泰山是每天太陽最先升起的地方。因此為了到泰山之巔看日出，成千上萬的人午夜就開始攀登泰山。

Located in central Shandong Province, Mount Tai covers 426 square kilometers with its highest peak, the Jade Emperor Peak, reaching about 1 545 meters above sea level.Mount Tai earns a reputation for its imposing natural scenery festooned with a chain of temples, stone tablets and stone inscriptions.As the first of the “Five Great Mountains” in China, Mount Tai is revered both in Buddhism and Taoism.Many emperors in China visited it to hold the Heaven Worship ceremony.Traditional belief maintains that each day begins with the sun rising at Mount Tai, thus thousands of sun worshipers climbed it from as early as midnight in order to appreciate sunrise at its peak.中國古代四大藝術(shù)中的“畫”特指國畫。其繪畫形式是用毛筆蘸墨、顏料作畫于絹或宣紙之上，古代稱之為水墨丹青(inkpainting)。為區(qū)別于西方的油畫而稱之為中國畫，簡稱“國畫”。其題材有人物、山水、花鳥等。技法可分為工筆(fine brushwork)和寫意(freehand brushwork)。國畫的藝術(shù)特質(zhì)在于“筆墨”，強(qiáng)調(diào)以形寫神，畫盡意在。國畫在藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作上反映了中華民族的審美意識和情趣。

Painting in the four art forms in ancient China particularly refers to traditional Chinese painting.Traditional Chinese painting is done with a brush dipped into black or colored ink and is painted on spun silk or xuan paper.In ancient China, it was called inkpainting.In order to distinguish it from Western oilpaintings, the Chinese people term their works “Chinese painting”, short for traditional Chinese painting.The subject matters of Chinese paintings are typically figures, landscapes, birds and flowers.The drawing skills and techniques employed by the Chinese painters can be divided into two forms: fine brushwork and freehand brushwork.The artistic characteristics of Chinese painting lie in “the writing brush and ink”.Chinese painting emphasizes using the shape to convey the feelings of the painter.Even though a painting is a finished product, it endlessly conveys a meaning.In terms of the artistic creation, Chinese painting is a reflection of the aesthetic consciousness and artistic sentiment of the Chinese people.16 瓷器(porcelain)是中國最為重要的手工藝品之一。中國瓷器有3 500多年的歷史，明清時(shí)期尤其繁榮。瓷器不僅可以用作日常餐具(dinnerware)、花瓶等，精美的瓷器更是常常被人們用來裝飾家居。作為高檔藝術(shù)品的象征，真品瓷器常常具有極高的藝術(shù)價(jià)值和經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值，因此，常被很多人視為珍藏品。中國瓷器受到各國人民的歡迎，經(jīng)常被用作表達(dá)中外友誼的禮物。Porcelains are one of Chinas most important handicrafts.Chinese porcelains have a history of more than 3 500 years, their most prosperous period being Ming and Qing Dynasties.Porcelains can be used as daily dinnerware and vases, and delicate porcelains are even commonly used for home decorations by people.As the symbols of highend works of art, authentic porcelains are often of extremely high artistic and economic value and therefore they are often regarded as precious collections by many people.Chinese porcelains are popular with people around the world, and they are often used as presents for expressing friendship between Chinese and foreign people.17 酒是中國人生活中的重要飲品之一。中國制酒源遠(yuǎn)流長，享譽(yù)中外。在中國最具有代表性的酒莫過于白酒(liquor)了，從某種角度上來說，中國的酒文化就是白酒文化。酒在中國人眼里更多的是一種交際的工具。酒在中國人生活中占有重要的位置，滲透于(permeate)整個(gè)中華五千年的文明史中，包括文學(xué)創(chuàng)作、娛樂、烹飪、養(yǎng)生保健等各方面。

Alcohol is one of the important drinks in Chinese peoples life.Chinese alcoholmaking has a long history and has been renowned at home and abroad.In China, no alcohol is more representative than Chinese liquor and at some point, Chinese alcohol culture is Chinese liquor culture.Alcohol is more of a communication tool in Chinese peoples eyes.Alcohol has permeated 5 000 years civilization of the whole Chinese history, which plays an important role in every aspect of Chinese peoples life, from literary creation and entertainment to cooking and health preservation.18 11月11日由四個(gè)1構(gòu)成，因此每年此日就是光棍節(jié)(Singles Day)。20世紀(jì)90年代，南京眾多大學(xué)首先開始慶祝光棍節(jié)。正如其名，這個(gè)新節(jié)日是專門為單身人士設(shè)立的。近年來，中國成為世界上互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶最多的國家，而單身人士是網(wǎng)購的主力軍(main force)，許多電子商務(wù)平臺(platform)就在光棍節(jié)當(dāng)天開展促銷活動以吸引中國不計(jì)其數(shù)的單身人士前來購物。目前，光棍節(jié)已成為中國人瘋狂網(wǎng)購的日子。

Singles Day falls on every November 11th because the date is comprised of four “ones”.It was initially celebrated at many universities in Nanjing during the 1990s.As the name indicates, this new holiday is one exclusively for people who are still living a single life.In recent years, as China has become a country with the worlds biggest population of Internet users and the single people are the main force of Chinas online spending power, many ecommerce platforms launch promotion campaigns on the day in order to attract countless single people around China to their websites.Singles Day has become a day of crazy online shopping among the Chinese now.19 隨著城市化(urbanization)進(jìn)程的加快，越來越多的農(nóng)民工(migrant worker)在城市里安頓下來。他們把子女接到城里來，希望孩子能接受到更好的教育。然而，這些農(nóng)民工發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)實(shí)并不像他們預(yù)期的那么美好。城市公立學(xué)校的設(shè)施和師資遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足大批農(nóng)民工子女的需求。幸運(yùn)的是，農(nóng)民工子女的教育已成為政府議事日程上優(yōu)先處理的問題。

With the acceleration of urbanization, an increasing number of migrant workers settle down in the cities.They bring their children along with them to the cities, with the hope of their children receiving better education.However, the migrants find the reality is not as promising as theyve expected.The facilities and faculties in the urban public schools are far from enough to meet the needs of the big group of migrant children.Luckily, the education problem of the migrant children has become a priority on the governments agenda.20 杭州市擁有世界上最大的公用自行車系統(tǒng)(bike sharing system)。目前杭州市共有2 700個(gè)公用自行車租賃站點(diǎn)，共計(jì)66 500輛車。計(jì)劃至2020年，公共自行車的數(shù)量將增至175 000輛。租用自行車需要智能卡(smart card)，可在任意站點(diǎn)租車、在任意站點(diǎn)還車。租車騎行1小時(shí)內(nèi)免費(fèi)，1小時(shí)以上則按每小時(shí)1元收費(fèi)。公用自行車系統(tǒng)對緩解杭州市的交通擁堵(congestion)起到了很大的作用。

With 66 500 bikes in 2 700 renting stations in the city now, Hangzhou owns the largest bike sharing system in the world.It plans to increase to 175 000 bikes by 2020.For renting a bike, one needs a smart card.One can rent a bike and return it at any station.Bike users can ride for free for the first hour and pay 1 yuan per hour for the extra time.The system is of great help to relieve the traffic congestion in Hangzhou city.

第四篇：大學(xué)英語四級翻譯作文

1． 中國酒文化 Chinese Wine Culture

中國人在7000年以前就開始用谷物釀酒。總的來說，不管是古代還是現(xiàn)代，酒都和中國文化息息相關(guān)。長久以來，中國的酒文化在人們生活中一直扮演著重要的角色。我們的祖先在寫詩時(shí)以酒助興，在宴會中和親朋好友敬酒。作為一種文化形式，酒文化也是普通百姓生活中不可分割的部分，比如生日宴會、送別晚宴、婚禮慶典等。

Chinese people began to make spirits with grains seven thousand years ago.Generally speaking，wine has a close connection with culture in China in both ancient and modern times.Chinese wine culture has been playing a quite important role in Chinese people''s life for a long time.Our Chinese ancestors used wine to enjoy themselves while writing poetry, or to make a toast（敬酒）to their relatives and friends during a feast（宴會）.Wine culture, as a kind of culture form, is also an inseparable（不可分割的）part in the life of ordinary Chinese people such as birthday party, farewell（送別）dinner, wedding, and so on..2.中國書法Chinese Calligraphy

中國書法歷史悠久，它不僅是漢字的傳統(tǒng)書寫形式，也是體現(xiàn)自我修養(yǎng)和自我表達(dá)的藝術(shù)。作者的內(nèi)心世界通過美妙的字體得以體現(xiàn)。書法在中國藝術(shù)中擁有舉足輕重的地位，因?yàn)樗绊懙搅似渌闹袊囆g(shù)形式，比如古典詩歌、雕塑、傳統(tǒng)音樂及舞蹈、建筑及手工藝品。作為傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)瑰寶，中國書法被全世界人民所喜愛，且越來越受到歡迎。

Chinese calligraphy is not only a traditional Chinese characters writing with a long history, but also an art of self-cultivation and self-expression.Inner world of the writer could be reflected with the help of beautiful Chinese script.Chinese calligraphy plays an important role in Chinese art, for it has influenced other Chinese artistic forms like classical poetry, sculpture, traditional music and dance, architecture and handicrafts.As a treasured artistic form of Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy is enjoyed by people throughout the world and is becoming more and more popular.3。中國山水畫Landscape Painting

山水畫一直以來都被譽(yù)為中國繪畫的最高境界。它品味高端，很受歡迎。一般意義上，中國山水畫被認(rèn)為是書法、繪畫及詩歌的結(jié)合或延伸。漢語“山水”這個(gè)詞由“山”和“水”兩個(gè)漢字組成，且與道教的哲學(xué)思想相聯(lián)系，它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人與自然的和諧。中國畫家描繪的并不總是真實(shí)的世界，他們呈現(xiàn)的是自己想象出來的風(fēng)景，這些風(fēng)景不再只是對眼前世界的描繪，而是畫家內(nèi)在思想的寫照。因此，人們認(rèn)為欣賞山水畫除了可以很好地了解畫家的內(nèi)心世界之外，還可以凈化自己的靈魂。

Landscape painting is traditionally considered as the highest form of Chinese painting styles.It is very popular and is associated with refined scholarly taste.Chinese Landscape painting in general is seen as a combination or extension of calligraphy, painting, and poetry.The Chinese term for “l(fā)andscape” is made up of two characters meaning “mountains and water”.It is linked with the philosophy of Daoism, which emphasizes harmony with the natural world.Chinese artists do not usually paint real place but imaginary landscape which is no longer about the description of the visible world, but a means of conveying the inner mind.People therefore believe that looking at landscape painting is a good way to realize the artist’s inner heart as well as a way to purify their souls.4。中國戲曲 Chinese Opera

在中國，戲曲是一種很流行的戲劇形式，一般來說，可以追溯到唐朝時(shí)期，當(dāng)時(shí)的皇帝唐玄宗創(chuàng)立了“梨園”。如今，許多外國人也很喜歡中國的戲曲。最吸引他們的則是戲曲的獨(dú)有風(fēng)格—畫臉譜，它不僅是戲曲中的一大亮點(diǎn)，同時(shí)還要求獨(dú)特的繪畫技藝。每個(gè)演員臉上夸張的扮相代表其扮演角色的性格和命運(yùn)。熟知戲曲的觀眾通過觀察演員的臉譜和服裝就可以知道角色背后的故事。通常，紅色臉譜代表忠誠與勇敢;黑色代表兇猛;黃色和白色代表口是心非;金色和銀色代表神秘。7對于中國人，特別是老年人，欣賞戲曲是他們的一大樂趣。

Chinese opera is a popular form of drama in China.In general, it dates back to the Tang Dynasty with Emperor Xuanzong, who founded the “Pear Garden”.Now Chinese opera is warmly welcomed by many foreign people.What appeals foreigners most might be the distinctive style of facial make-up, which is one of the highlights and requires distinctive techniques of painting.Exaggerated designs are painted on each performer''''''''s face to symbolize a character''''''''s personality, and fate.Audiences who are familiar with opera can know the story by observing the facial painting as well as the costumes.Generally, a red face represents loyalty and bravery;a black face, rough;yellow and white faces, duplicity;and golden and silver faces, mystery.For Chinese, especially older folks, to listen to opera is a real pleasure.5。京劇 Peking Opera

京劇是中國的一種傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)。它是中國戲曲的一種，誕生于于1790年四大徽班(Four Great Anhui Troupes)入京表演的時(shí)候。19世紀(jì)中期得到快速發(fā)展，到清朝達(dá)到全盛階段。京劇被看成是中國的文化瑰寶之一。雖然它被稱為京劇，但是它的起源地卻是中國的安徽省和湖北省。京劇起初是一種宮廷表演藝術(shù)，而后才慢慢普及到民間。在數(shù)百年前，京劇作為一種新的戲曲形式，無論在哪里進(jìn)行表演，都飽受歡迎。而在現(xiàn)代社會中，包括京劇在內(nèi)的傳統(tǒng)戲曲卻不大能被年輕人接受，面臨著巨大的生存危機(jī)。

Peking opera is a traditional art in China.It is a kind of Chinese opera which was born when the Four Great Anhui Troupes came to Beijing in 1790, arose in the mid-19th century and was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty.Peking opera is widely regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China.Although it is called Beijing opera, its origins are in the Chinese provinces of Anhui and Hubei.Peking opera was originally staged for the court and came into the public later.Hundreds of years ago, as a new drama form, wherever it was performed, it would be warmly welcomed..Unfortunately, in the modern world, traditional operas including Peking Opera have to face the existential crisis, because they are not easily accepted by younger generations.6。昆曲Kunqu Opera

昆曲是中國古老戲曲中的一種，起源于江蘇昆山，擁有600多年的歷史。它是連接過去與現(xiàn)在，中國與世界的紐帶，對現(xiàn)今中國的戲曲形式，包括川劇與京劇在內(nèi)，都產(chǎn)生了重要的影響。昆曲蘊(yùn)含了各種意象美，從音樂、舞蹈到詩歌，人們的精神世界甚至中國人的靈魂，都有所體現(xiàn)。正因?yàn)槿绱?，昆曲在過去廣受歡迎，也成了中國文化遺產(chǎn)中最珍貴的部分。但是現(xiàn)在，昆曲不僅面臨著來自大眾流行文化的挑戰(zhàn)，而且年輕人也對其缺乏興趣。只有進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)谋Ｗo(hù)，昆曲才能擁有美好的未來。

Kunqu Opera, which originated in the Kunshan region of Jiangsu province, is one of China’s classical operas with a history of more than 600 years.Kunqu Opera serves as a link between past and present, China and the world.It has exerted a dominant influence on recent forms of opera in China, including the Sichuan and Beijing operas.Kunqu Opera embraced every imaginable beauty, from music and dance, to poetry and people’s spirit world and even very soul of the Chinese nation, so that Kunqu Opera was so popular in the past and became the most valuable parts of China’s cultural heritage.But now, Kunqu Opera is facing competition from mass culture and a lack of interest amongst the young.It can only have a bright future when it is protected in a proper way.7．唐詩Poems of the Tang Dynasty

唐代，是中國古典詩歌的鼎盛時(shí)期，在不到300年的時(shí)間里，涌現(xiàn)出了許多著名的詩人和詩作。清朝時(shí)編輯的《全唐詩》(Poems of the Tang Dynasty)已收錄2200多位詩人創(chuàng)作的48900多首詩歌。這些詩歌讓人們深入了解到當(dāng)時(shí)社會生活的各個(gè)方面。中國人很喜歡唐詩，就連小孩子也能背出幾首，如李白的《靜夜思》(Thoughts in the Silent Night)，杜甫的《春夜喜雨》(Good Rain on a Spring Night)等等。唐詩不僅是中國古代文學(xué)史上最光輝的一頁，而且也是人類文化史中的一個(gè)奇跡。

The Tang Dynasty witnessed the peak of Chinese ancient poetry, with many renowned poets and famous works appearing over a period of less than 300 years.Poems of the Tang Dynasty edited during the Qing Dynasty has collected more than 48,900 poems written by over 2,200 poets.These poems provide an insight into all aspects of the social life of the period.Chinese people are very fond of Tang poetry, and even children can recite some from memory, such as Thoughts in the Silent Night by Li Bai, Good Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu, etc.Tang poetry not only serves as a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature, but is also a miracle in the history of human culture.8。唐詩Poems of the Tang Dynasty

唐代，是中國古典詩歌的鼎盛時(shí)期，在不到300年的時(shí)間里，涌現(xiàn)出了許多著名的詩人和詩作。清朝時(shí)編輯的《全唐詩》(Poems of the Tang Dynasty)已收錄2200多位詩人創(chuàng)作的48900多首詩歌。這些詩歌讓人們深入了解到當(dāng)時(shí)社會生活的各個(gè)方面。中國人很喜歡唐詩，就連小孩子也能背出幾首，如李白的《靜夜思》(Thoughts in the Silent Night)，杜甫的《春夜喜雨》(Good Rain on a Spring Night)等等。唐詩不僅是中國古代文學(xué)史上最光輝的一頁，而且也是人類文化史中的一個(gè)奇跡。

The Tang Dynasty witnessed the peak of Chinese ancient poetry, with many renowned poets and famous works appearing over a period of less than 300 years.Poems of the Tang Dynasty edited during the Qing Dynasty has collected more than 48,900 poems written by over 2,200 poets.These poems provide an insight into all aspects of the social life of the period.Chinese people are very fond of Tang poetry, and even children can recite some from memory, such as Thoughts in the Silent Night by Li Bai, Good Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu, etc.Tang poetry not only serves as a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature, but is also a miracle in the history of human culture.9。長城The Great Wall

長城，作為中國的象征之一，不僅是中國的奇跡，也是整個(gè)世界的奇跡。它始建于春秋戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期，秦始皇統(tǒng)一中國后，連結(jié)了各段長城以抵御外敵入侵?，F(xiàn)存的長城遺跡主要為建于14世紀(jì)的明長城。長城有著兩千多年的歷史，于1987年被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界遺產(chǎn)。現(xiàn)如今，長城仍是世界上最受歡迎的景點(diǎn)之一。

As one of the symbols of China, the Great Wall is a wonder not only to China but also to the whole world.The Great Wall was first built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.After the unification of China, the first Emperor of Qin linked up different sections of the walls to prevent the invasion of the enemies.The present preserved Great Wall of China is the major parts built in the 14th century, called Ming Great Wall.With a long history of more than 2,000 years, the Great Wall of China was listed as World Heritage by UNESCO in 1987.Until now, the Great Wall is still one of the most popular attractions in the world.10。故宮The Imperial Palace

故宮又名紫禁城，位于北京市中心，占地面積72萬平方米。它擁有眾多的庭院，四面有高墻和護(hù)城河保護(hù)。明清兩代的皇帝和他們的家眷以及數(shù)百名宮女、太監(jiān)曾在這里居住。紫禁城于明朝1420年建成，普通百姓不能進(jìn)入。在1924年清朝末代皇帝被逐出故宮后，故宮于1925年變成了故宮博物院并對外開放。

Standing/Lying in the center of Beijing, the Imperial Palace, also known as the Forbidden City, covers an area of 720,000 square meters.It consists of dozens of courtyards and is protected by high walls and a moat on all four sides.The emperors of two dynasties, the Ming and the Qing, lived here with their families and hundreds of court ladies and palace eunuchs.The Forbidden City was completed in 1420 during the Ming Dynasty, which was not accessible to the common people.The Palace was converted into a museum in 1925 and has been open to the public after the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty was driven out of the Palace in 1924.We often keep hearing such a saying, “Never give up.” It can be an inspiring term and expression of determination.One who trust it will try to reach his aim no matter how many times he fails.As for me, determining to succeed is a valuable quality to own.Consequently, I am convinced that we should never give up halfway.One reason is that provided that we abandon too easily, we could hardly realize anything.It is usual for us to fail in our first attempt at something new, so we shouldn’t feel depressed and should try once more.In addition, if we always give up easily when we fail, we will not be able to obtain new skills.Another reason we should never abandon is that we can learn a lesson from our errors.If we do not try once again, the lesson we have gotten is squandered（浪費(fèi)）.At last, we should never give up in that as we try our best to realize our goals, we are becoming more confident, and this confidence can grant（授予，給）us succeed in other fields（領(lǐng)域）of daily life.In a word, it is essential（必要的）that we do not give up when struggling for our targets.Whether we succeed at last or not, we will learn something, and what we know will help us to become better, more confident.Furthermore（此外）, if we give up halfway, we have no opportunities of achieving our goals, but if we keep trying, there is always a chance that we will succeed in the future.【參考譯文】

我們經(jīng)常不斷地聽到這樣一句說法，“不要放棄”。它是一個(gè)令人鼓舞而又充滿決心的說法。相信此話的人無論失敗多少次都會竭盡全力去實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。我認(rèn)為，下定決心去取得成功是我們具備的一個(gè)寶貴的品質(zhì)。因此，我堅(jiān)信我不應(yīng)該半途而廢。

其中原因之一是如果我們輕言放棄，那么我們不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)任何事情。在我們首次償試新事物失敗的話這是很常見的事，因此我們不應(yīng)該感到沮喪，而是應(yīng)該重振其鼓再次償試。此外，如果我們一失敗就輕言放棄，那就不可能獲得新的技能。不應(yīng)該放棄的另外一個(gè)原因是我們可以從失敗當(dāng)中吸取教訓(xùn)。如果我們不去再次償試，我們得到的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)也沒有用武之地。最后，不該放棄的又一個(gè)原因是當(dāng)我們盡力去實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)時(shí)，我們會變得更加自信，這種自信能夠讓我們在生活的其它領(lǐng)域獲得成功。

總之，當(dāng)我們?yōu)槟繕?biāo)而付諸努力時(shí)，不去輕言放棄是非常重要的。不管最終我們是否會成功，我們總會學(xué)到一些東西。掌握的這些內(nèi)容會幫助我們變得更好，更自信。此外，如果我們半途而廢了，我們就沒有機(jī)會去實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，但是如果我們不斷償試，那將來我們一定會有機(jī)會取得成功

Uncivilized Tourists（不文明游客）

Recently, there is a popular saying: the world is so large that I want to have a look!As more and more people travel around during their holidays, tourists have brought large sum of（大量的）money to the local people.However, too many tourists also bring some problems to the local life.The most serious problem is the pollution caused by the uncivilized tourists.It’s reported that there were thousands of tons of（許多的）rubbish left after the flag-raising ceremony（升旗儀式）on Oct.1st.The uncivilized tourists left their rubbish wherever they go, polluting the local environment.Another problem is the traffic jam（交通阻塞）caused by so many tourists.Tourist can promote the economic development of the local areas, but the pollution caused by those uncivilized tourists has brought severe（嚴(yán)峻的）problems.The local tourist authority should set up relative（相關(guān)的）laws to protect the environment of the local areas, and every tourist obey（遵守）the laws and help to（有助于）make the places of tourist more beautiful!We Shouldn't Totally Turn to the Internet

Nowadays, Internet has become an indispensable（不可缺少的）part in our life, and we use it for various purposes, such as searching useful information and chatting online.However, now more and more people turn to the Internet for help whenever they have trouble in finding solutions to their problems, and this phenomenon has aroused（喚醒）the public's attention.Relying on the Internet to solve all our difficulties can have bad impacts（影響）on us.On one hand, since we can always settle the troubles by searching solutions online, we can become very lazy and don't bother to think up answers by ourselves, which can hinder（阻礙）the development of creative thinking.On the other hand, the answers online may be inaccurate or wrong.If we use them without thinking the credibility（正確性）of them, we may make serious mistakes someday.As far as I'm concerned, we shouldn't completely depend on the Internet to settle problems.When we come across some difficulties, we’d better try our best to find possible solutions.If we make great efforts and still can't come up with an answer, then we can surf online to search solutions.But we should question the correctness of these answers before we adopt（采納）them.

第五篇：大學(xué)英語四級翻譯三部曲

新東方在線 [004km.cn ]網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂電子教材系列

大學(xué)英語四級翻譯三部曲

自2013年12月起，全國大學(xué)英語四、六級考試委員會將對四、六級考試的試卷結(jié)構(gòu)和測試題型作局部調(diào)整，其中取消了原題型中的綜合部分，并將原來的單句漢譯英調(diào)整為段落漢譯英，占考試比例的15%。新四級考試大綱規(guī)定翻譯內(nèi)容涉及中國的歷史、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會發(fā)展等，長度為140-160個(gè)漢字。主要是考察學(xué)生運(yùn)用漢譯英基本的理論與技巧，在30分鐘內(nèi)將要求譯出的部分譯完，譯文要求忠實(shí)原文，語言表達(dá)通順流暢。

一、翻譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：

1.譯文應(yīng)該完整地再現(xiàn)原文內(nèi)容

2.譯文的風(fēng)格、筆調(diào)應(yīng)與原文性質(zhì)相同

3.譯文應(yīng)像原文一樣流暢自然

二、翻譯三部曲：

1.通讀并透徹理解原文漢語句子，確定語法成分和句型。

考生不應(yīng)該將漢語部分直接翻譯成英語，而是要首先閱讀整個(gè)段落，確定要求翻譯的句子在整個(gè)英語段落中的語法成分和句型結(jié)構(gòu)。

確定語法成分以后，考生要有意識地審查時(shí)態(tài)，要特別注意句中的時(shí)間狀語，并對照段落的時(shí)態(tài)。在翻譯中常見時(shí)態(tài)有：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等。此外，還應(yīng)該根據(jù)漢語意思推斷出題人想考查的語法或詞匯項(xiàng)目，避免將漢語詞匯逐個(gè)機(jī)械地翻譯成英語的情況。

例如：中國剪紙有一千五百多年的歷史，在明朝和清朝時(shí)期(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)特別流行。

分析：前半句話應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而后半句則應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí)，因?yàn)橹v的明清時(shí)代的事情。漢語中一般會省略主語，在翻譯英語時(shí)一定要將省略的主語補(bǔ)充上。再有英語中的逗號與中文的逗號意義不同，因此譯成英語時(shí)要慎用逗號。

譯文：Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1，500 years.It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.2.付諸筆墨，保證拼寫無誤

經(jīng)過仔細(xì)的斟酌以后，真正的翻譯工作就變得簡單得多，但對很多考生來說單詞的拼寫是一大難題，因此考生應(yīng)該在確保關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)無誤的前提下盡量選用自己有把握的單詞和短語。

例如：人們常用剪紙美化居家環(huán)境。新東方在線 [004km.cn ]網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂電子教材系列

分析：考生在翻譯“美化居家環(huán)境”時(shí)，不會翻譯“美化”，可以選擇自己會的短語“make sth.beautiful”。

譯文1：People often make their homes beautiful with paper cuttings.譯文2：People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings.3.重新審視，確認(rèn)句法合理

在檢查的時(shí)候，考生應(yīng)該確認(rèn)自己翻譯的內(nèi)容與其他句子共同構(gòu)成了一個(gè)語法正確達(dá)意清晰的句子。在這一階段，考生還應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)檢查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)、拼寫、大小寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號、冠詞和代詞的使用以及主謂一致的等問題。

三、翻譯的應(yīng)試技巧：

1.恰當(dāng)選詞

在漢譯英題型中，考生應(yīng)注意恰當(dāng)詞語的選擇。首先要盡量避免過于籠統(tǒng)的詞語，選用其下義詞或更確切的詞語。

2.中英文句式之間的對應(yīng)與轉(zhuǎn)換

有些中文句子結(jié)構(gòu)與含義可以對應(yīng)英文中的某些句型。若考生可以恰當(dāng)使用這些句型，可達(dá)到事半功倍的效果。

3.語態(tài)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換

通常中文中的主語過于寬泛的時(shí)候，如“人們”，“別人”“這”等等，都可以轉(zhuǎn)化成英文的被動語態(tài)，省略原來的主語。

例如：現(xiàn)在必須采取措施來保護(hù)環(huán)境。

譯文：Measures should be adopted(taken)to protect the environment.4.詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換

1)名詞轉(zhuǎn)換成動詞

例如：改革開放政策受到了全中國人民的擁護(hù)。(“擁護(hù)”是名詞)

譯文：The reform and opening policy is supported by the whole Chinese people.(“support”是動詞)

2)動詞轉(zhuǎn)化成名詞 新東方在線 [004km.cn ]網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂電子教材系列

例如：他善于觀察。(“觀察”是動詞)

譯文：He is a good observer.(“observer”是名詞)

3)名詞轉(zhuǎn)化成形容詞

例如：這件事成功的可能性很小。(“可能性”是名詞)

譯文：It is unlikely to succeed.(“unlikely”是形容詞)

4)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化成名詞

例如：在這緊張的時(shí)刻他感到非常緊張。(“緊張的”是形容詞)

譯文：The intensity of the moment filled his mind with intensity.(“intensity”是名詞)

考生要把一段中文翻譯成語言通順的英語，不僅需要考生的單詞量和單詞拼寫能力，而且語法也很重要了。因此，考生在準(zhǔn)備四級翻譯時(shí)除了注意相關(guān)詞匯和短語的積累外，還應(yīng)該注重基本語法的知識的積累。