第一篇：李克強總理記者招待會經(jīng)典語錄

我們要有壯士斷腕的決心，言出必行，說到做到，決不明放暗不放，避重就輕，更不能搞變相游戲。

We are determined to make that sacrifice.We will keep our promise and match up our words with action.We will never secretly hold on to the powers, shy away from difficult issues, and we will never play any games to get around the requirements of the reform.把改革的紅利、內(nèi)需的潛力、創(chuàng)新的活力疊加起來，形成新動力

We need to combine the dividends of reform, the potential of domestic demand and the vitality of creativity so that these together will form drivers of economic growth.要重點保障基本民生，來編織一張覆蓋全民的保障基本民生的安全網(wǎng)。

We need to provide for basic necessities of the people to create a social safety net that covers the entire population and protect people’s basic needs.4 公正是社會創(chuàng)造活力的源泉，也是提高人民滿意度的一桿秤，F(xiàn)airness is the source of societal creativity and the yardstick for improving people’s satisfaction with the work of the government.點評：本人對“一桿秤”的第一反應(yīng)是scale或者parameter，這個yardstick就是“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”的意思，譯者顯然是舍棄了原文的比喻，保留了意思。腐敗和我們政府的信譽應(yīng)該說水火不容。

Corruption is at complete variance with the nature of the government.點評：at variance with意思是“與....有分歧，不一致”為政清廉應(yīng)該先從自己做起，己正，才能正人，這是古訓(xùn)，也是真理。自古有所謂“為官發(fā)財，應(yīng)當(dāng)兩道”。

Clean government should start with oneself.Only one is upright him/herself can he/her ask others to be upright.This is an ancient adage but also a truth.Since ancient times, holding government office and making money have been two separate lanes

點評：原譯有一個硬傷，應(yīng)該是can he/she ask others....我們還要建立和完善不能貪、不敢貪的反腐機制，We will also establish a sound mechanism so that officials are unable to and dare not practice corruption.要讓人民過上好日子，政府就要過緊日子。

If people are to lead good lives, the government must be put on a tight budget.點評：tight正好把“緊”的含義譯出來了剛才你說的話我怎么有有罪推定的感覺??？

In your question I sensed presumption of guilt.喊破嗓子不如甩開膀子。

Talking the talk is not as good as walking the walk.點評：這個應(yīng)該是整個記者招待會上最經(jīng)典的一句話，也是譯得最精彩的一句話。能把動詞名詞化是一個很難得的技巧，有人說讀者是否受到了《悲慘世界》里邊的唱段iI dreamed a dream的啟發(fā)了，確實有可能啊。這個叫同源賓語。我開始對這句話的第一反應(yīng)就是簡單的Action speaks louder than words，但是缺點就是原文的形象動詞的意義就沒有了，而譯者很巧妙地把動詞名詞化，保留了原文“喊”和“甩”兩個活生生的動詞的意象。11 牽一發(fā)動全身的改革

The reform that will make an immediate and systemic impact.明規(guī)則戰(zhàn)勝潛規(guī)則。

Transparent rules will trump hidden rules.觸動利益往往比觸及靈魂還難。但是，再深的水我們也得趟，因為別無選擇，Sometimes stirring vested interests may be more difficult than stirring the soul.But however deep the water may be, we will wade into the water.This is because we have no alternative.(我開始翻譯成了choice，絕對的錯誤啊)所謂打斷骨頭還連著筋，同胞之間、手足之情，沒有解不開的結(jié)。

Bones may be broken but not sinews,because we are fellow compatriots.Between us, there is no knot that can not be untied.點評：最后半句我開始翻譯的時候差不多也是這么翻譯的，看來真的是保留了原文的比喻。15 花好總有月圓時。

When flowers are in full bloom, there will be a time when the moon will be full again.16還要注意防止城市病，不能一邊是高樓林立，一邊是棚戶連片。

It is also important to prevent the typical malice that might plague the cities so that we won’t have a situation where skyscrapers coexist with shanty towns.17 新型城鎮(zhèn)化必須和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化相輔相成。

The new type of urbanization should go hand in hand with agricultural modernization.18 政府應(yīng)當(dāng)鐵腕執(zhí)法、鐵面問責(zé)。

We will face the situation and punish the offenders without mercy and enforce the law with an iron fist.行大道、民為本、利天下。

To follow the great way, to put people first and to benefit all on the heaven.點評：最后三個字“利天下”，有人曾認(rèn)為是“立天下”，這里譯者翻譯得非常正確。總理是為人民著想，為人民謀福利，而不是“當(dāng)了領(lǐng)袖，統(tǒng)領(lǐng)了天下”，這樣就會感覺領(lǐng)導(dǎo)很霸氣，沒有把人民群眾放在眼里。己所不欲，勿施于人，這是中國人的信條。

One should not impose on others what he himself does not desire.This is an article of faith for us.——（政府削權(quán)）“我們要有壯士斷腕的決心”= We should have the determination to cut the wrist like brave warriors

——“腐敗和我們政府的信譽應(yīng)該說水火不容”= Corruption is incompatible to reputation of the government, like fire to water

——（兩岸同胞）“打斷骨頭還連著筋”= Bones may be broken, but they are not split, because we are compatriots

——（兩岸關(guān)系）“使其花團錦簇，我想花好總有月圓時”=...so that it will be full of flowers.When flowers are in full blossom, there will be a time for the moon to be full again

——“至于食品安全，那可以說是天大的事”= Food safety is of utmost importance ——（查處）“假冒偽劣和黑心食品”= punish the heartless producers of substandard and fake food

——“綠水青山貧窮落后不行，但殷實富裕環(huán)境惡化也不行”= It is no good to be poor in a beautiful environment, nor is it good to be well-off and live with environmental degradation

這么多比喻中，最難翻譯的應(yīng)該是“（改革貴在行動）喊破嗓子不如甩開膀子”，翻譯很巧妙地借用了英語Talking the talk is not as good as walking the walk的習(xí)慣說法，很自然，外國人一下子就能聽懂，應(yīng)該是本次記者招待會上最出彩的翻譯之一。

第二篇：李克強總理語錄

2014年全國兩會李克強答中外記者問精彩語錄

“簡政放權(quán)是激發(fā)市場活力、調(diào)動社會創(chuàng)造力的利器，是減少權(quán)力尋租、鏟除腐敗的釜底抽薪之策?！?/p>

——李克強談簡政放權(quán)

“讓市場主體‘法無禁止即可為’，讓政府部門‘法無授權(quán)不可為’?！?/p>

——李克強談簡政放權(quán)

“古人說‘吾道一以貫之’，只要我們鍥而不舍，假以時日，必有成效。”

——李克強談改革

“腐敗是人民政府的天敵，我們要用法治的思維，用制度來管權(quán)、管錢?！?/p>

——李克強談反腐

“對于腐敗分子和腐敗行為，我們實行的是‘零容忍’。中國是法治國家，不論是誰，不論職位高低，法律面前人人平等，只要是觸犯了黨紀(jì)國法，就要依法依紀(jì)嚴(yán)肅查處、懲治?！?/p>

——李克強談反腐

“幾百個人一個旱廁，特別是北方，到了冬天居民入睡要帶著棉帽、穿著棉衣，這可以說是政府心頭之痛。”“我認(rèn)為干一寸勝過說一尺。”

——李克強談住房保障

“許多人早晨一起來，就打開手機查看PM2.5的數(shù)值，這已經(jīng)成為重大的民生問題。”

——李克強談霧霾天氣

“我們說要向霧霾等污染宣戰(zhàn)，可不是說向老天爺宣戰(zhàn)，而是要向我們自身粗放的生產(chǎn)和生活方式來宣戰(zhàn)。”“不能等風(fēng)盼雨，還是要主動出擊?！?/p>

——李克強談霧霾治理

“凡事不患難，但患無備。所謂磨好了斧子才能劈開柴。我想只要我們正視困難、直面挑戰(zhàn)、趨利避害，就是遇事克難的成功之道?！?/p>

——李克強談中國經(jīng)濟

“不能把今天的墊腳石變成明天的絆腳石?！?/p>

——李克強談金融風(fēng)險

“將心比心啊，政府工作人員應(yīng)該以百姓之心為心?！?/p>

——李克強談社會救助

“所謂智者求同，愚者求異，變是向有利于中美雙方、有利于兩國關(guān)系穩(wěn)定的方向去走，還是要擇寬處行，謀長久之利。”

——李克強談中美關(guān)系

“現(xiàn)在我們也在急切地盼來有消息，哪怕是一丁點好消息。”“對于中國的航班安全工作，我們一直不敢放松，人命關(guān)天啊！”

——李克強談馬航失聯(lián)

“（中國企業(yè)）你們可是要盡力啊，我們對中國裝備質(zhì)量等做了承諾，可不要讓這個承諾落空啊?！?/p>

——李克強談中國裝備時向中國企業(yè)喊話

——“我們要有壯士斷腕的決心，言出必行”

怎樣解決政府職能錯位的問題？李克強說，應(yīng)該把錯裝在政府身上的手換成市場的手。這是削權(quán)，是自我革命，會很痛，甚至有割腕的感覺，但這是發(fā)展的需要，是人民的愿望。我們要有壯士斷腕的決心，言出必行，說到做到，決不明放暗不放，避重就輕，更不能搞變相游戲。

——“我們要居安思危，也要處變不驚”

哪些問題需要中國迫切去解決和面對？在回答這個問題時，李克強首先強調(diào)：“偌大個中國要解決的事很多，如果說主要問題的話，我想：第一，還是持續(xù)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟。可以料想，未來中國經(jīng)濟環(huán)境依然是嚴(yán)峻復(fù)雜，我們要居安思危，也要處變不驚?！?/p>

——“腐敗和政府信譽水火不容”

李克強強調(diào)，中國政府反對腐敗的決心和意志是堅定不移的。自古有所謂“為官發(fā)財，應(yīng)當(dāng)兩道”，既然擔(dān)任了公職，為公眾服務(wù)，就要斷掉發(fā)財?shù)哪钕搿?/p>

——“約法三章”

李克強在談及廉政時提出“約法三章”。“本屆政府內(nèi)，一是政府性的樓堂館所一律不得新建；二是財政供養(yǎng)的人員只減不增；三是公費接待、公費出國、公費購車只減不增。這三條中央政府要帶頭做起，一級做給一級看。”他還表示，要讓人民過上好日子，政府就要過緊日子。

——“喊破嗓子不如甩開膀子”

在解釋改革是最大的紅利時，李克強說，中國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟還在完善過程中，靠改革進一步解放生產(chǎn)力還有巨大的潛力，讓改革的紅利惠及全體人民還有巨大的空間。改革貴在行動，喊破嗓子不如甩開膀子。

——“花好總有月圓時”

李克強談及兩岸關(guān)系時說：“大陸和臺灣是我們共同的家園，把它一道維護好、建設(shè)好，使其花團錦簇，我想花好總有月圓時?！彼硎?，新一屆政府將會履行上屆政府所作承諾，并且要努力尋求合作的新的推動支點?！安荒芸繑偞箫灐?/p>

李克強強調(diào)，新型城鎮(zhèn)化是以人為核心的城鎮(zhèn)化?，F(xiàn)在大約有2.6億農(nóng)民工，使他們中有愿望的人逐步融入城市是一個長期復(fù)雜的過程，要有就業(yè)支撐，有服務(wù)保障。而且城鎮(zhèn)化也不能靠攤大餅，還是要大、中、小城市協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，東、中、西部地區(qū)因地制宜地推進。

——“政府應(yīng)當(dāng)鐵腕執(zhí)法、鐵面問責(zé)”

“我曾經(jīng)說過，綠水青山貧窮落后不行，但殷實富裕環(huán)境惡化也不行。我們需要進一步創(chuàng)新發(fā)展理念，推動科學(xué)發(fā)展。一是不能再欠新賬，包括提高環(huán)保的門檻；二是加快還舊賬，包括淘汰落后產(chǎn)能等。政府應(yīng)當(dāng)鐵腕執(zhí)法、鐵面問責(zé)。”對于為了“殷實富?！倍颅h(huán)境破壞的行為，李克強傳遞出明確而強硬的態(tài)度。

——凡事想要做成的話，總是要在理想和現(xiàn)實之間作出可能的選擇。

國家機構(gòu)改革和職能轉(zhuǎn)變方案今年兩會的重要議程，也是李克強記者會上遇到的第一個問題。

在被問及“這次改革是不是您理想的方案？”這一問題時，李克強說，“你談到理想，凡事想要做成的話，總是要在理想和現(xiàn)實之間作出可能的選擇。”

他介紹說，這次改革方案核心是轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能，當(dāng)然也是簡政放權(quán)?！拔覀円袎咽繑嗤蟮臎Q心，言出必行，說到做到，決不明放暗不放，避重就輕，更不能搞變相游戲?！?/p>

——既然擔(dān)任了公職，為公眾服務(wù)，就要斷掉發(fā)財?shù)哪钕搿?/p>

“腐敗和我們政府的信譽應(yīng)該說水火不容，中國政府反對腐敗的決心和意志是堅定不移的?！痹谡劶案瘮栴}時，李克強語氣堅決。

“這里我也想表個態(tài)。”李克強說，為政清廉應(yīng)該先從自己做起，己正，才能正人，這是古訓(xùn)，也是真理?！白怨庞兴^‘為官發(fā)財，應(yīng)當(dāng)兩道’。既然擔(dān)任了公職，為公眾服務(wù)，就要斷掉發(fā)財?shù)哪钕?。我們愿意接受全社會、接受媒體的監(jiān)督。”李克強特別強調(diào)。

——要讓人民過上好日子，政府就要過緊日子。

對于反腐問題，李克強進一步說，我們還要用簡樸的政府來取信于民，造福人民，“要讓人民過上好日子，政府就要過緊日子?！?/p>

他同時約法三章：本屆政府內(nèi)，一是政府性的樓堂館所一律不得新建；二是財政供養(yǎng)的人員只減不增；三是公費接待、公費出國、公費購車只減不增。這三條中央政府要帶頭做起，一級做給一級看。

——改革貴在行動，喊破嗓子不如甩開膀子。

李克強曾多次提到說改革是中國最大的紅利。有關(guān)改革的話題也引起記者的追問。

“改革貴在行動，喊破嗓子不如甩開膀子。”李克強說，之所以說改革是最大的紅利，是因為我國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟還在完善過程中，靠改革進一步解放生產(chǎn)力還有巨大的潛力，讓改革的紅利惠及全體人民還有巨大的空間?！F(xiàn)在觸動利益往往比觸及靈魂還難。

對于改革進入深水區(qū)的說法，李克強指出，改革進入了深水區(qū)，也可以說是攻堅期，的確是因為它要觸動固有的利益格局。

“現(xiàn)在觸動利益往往比觸及靈魂還難?！闭劶按颂?，李克強語氣凝重。

“但是，再深的水我們也得趟，因為別無選擇，它關(guān)乎國家的命運、民族的前途。這需要勇氣、智慧、韌性。所幸的是，這些可以從我們的人民當(dāng)中去汲取，來使改革邁出堅實的步伐?！彼瑫r表示。

——所謂打斷骨頭還連著筋，同胞之間、手足之情，沒有解不開的結(jié)。

兩岸關(guān)系是歷年記者會上必被問及的話題?！八^打斷骨頭還連著筋，同胞之間、手足之情，沒有解不開的結(jié)?！闭劦絻砂蛾P(guān)系時，李克強引用民間俗語來表達。

他說，新一屆政府將會履行上屆政府所做的承諾，并且要努力尋求合作的新的推動支點。在推動大陸進一步開放和發(fā)展當(dāng)中，會更多地考慮臺胞的福祉和利益，我們愿意與臺灣共享發(fā)展的機遇。臺灣和臺胞在發(fā)展當(dāng)中，可以更多地利用我們大陸發(fā)展的機遇。

“大陸和臺灣是我們共同的家園，把它一道維護好、建設(shè)好，使其花團錦簇，我想花好總有月圓時。也請你轉(zhuǎn)達我對臺灣同胞真誠的問候和祝福?！崩羁藦妼τ浾哒f。

——不能以犧牲環(huán)境來換取人民并不滿意的增長。

今年以來的霧霾天氣引發(fā)廣泛關(guān)注，也是今年“兩會”的熱點之一。談及此話題，李克強說，“我和大家一樣，心情都很沉重?！?/p>

他說，要打造中國經(jīng)濟的升級版，就包括在發(fā)展中要讓人民呼吸潔凈的空氣，飲用安全的水，食用放心食品。對這一長期積累形成的問題，我們要下更大的決心，以更大的作為去進行治理。

“我們不能以犧牲環(huán)境來換取人民并不滿意的增長，”李克強強調(diào)，不論是污染的狀況、食品問題，還是治理和處置的效果，都要公開、透明，讓公眾、媒體能夠充分、有效地加以監(jiān)督，這也是形成一種倒逼機制，來硬化企業(yè)和政府的責(zé)任，也可以增強人們自身的防護意識。既然同呼吸、就要共奮斗，大家都盡一把力。政府則是要以更大的決心來讓人民放心。

——“大禮包”的干貨要一個一個地打開

兩年前，李克強曾到訪香港，宣布中央政府支持香港繁榮，推動兩地深化合作的一系列政策。對此，香港媒體記者把這形容為中央政府的“大禮包”，并問未來有哪些新的舉措。

李克強說，比喻為“大禮包”倒是很形象。不過這個“大禮包”的干貨要一個一個地打開，才能用好、用足，還需要兩地共同努力?，F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)取得了一些效果，中央政府會盡力去推進。

李克強說，我訪港的時候，深感“一國兩制”下的香港充滿活力，香港同胞勤勞、智慧，香港社會包容、開放、充滿活力，內(nèi)地和香港合作空間還很大。凡是有利于港澳同胞福祉增加、內(nèi)地和港澳合作深化、維護港澳長期繁榮的事，中央政府都會盡心盡力地去做。

——行大道、民為本、利天下

作為新一任總理，李克強記者會上問及個人經(jīng)歷和從政生涯。此時，李克強動情地回憶起知青生涯：

“我曾經(jīng)是安徽鳳陽的插隊知青，很難忘那一段和鄉(xiāng)親們度過的艱難歲月。那里當(dāng)時是中國農(nóng)村出了名的窮地方，也是后來中國農(nóng)村承包制改革的發(fā)源地。我還記得1977年高考后，我是在田頭鋤地時得到高考錄取通知消息的。”李克強說，正是改革開放改變了我們國家的命運，使億萬農(nóng)民脫貧，也使許許多多的人出現(xiàn)了重大的人生轉(zhuǎn)折?，F(xiàn)在改革的重任落到了我們這一代肩上，我想我們要盡力使改革的紅利惠及全體人民，使老年人安度晚年、年輕人充滿希望，使我們的國家生機勃勃。

“在我個人的經(jīng)歷，在讀書、做事、文化熏陶當(dāng)中，悟出一個道理，就是行大道、民為本、利天下。這九個字不是什么典籍的原話，是我的心得。我堅信做人要正、辦事要公，才能利國利民。”他說。

【機構(gòu)改革】

——不是說政府有錯位的問題嗎？那就把錯裝在政府身上的手換成市場的手。這是削權(quán)，是自我革命，會很痛，甚至有割腕的感覺，但這是發(fā)展的需要，是人民的愿望。我們要有壯士斷腕的決心，言出必行，說到做到，決不明放暗不放，避重就輕，更不能搞變相游戲。

【發(fā)展經(jīng)濟】

——關(guān)鍵在推動經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型，把改革的紅利、內(nèi)需的潛力、創(chuàng)新的活力疊加起來，形成新動力，并且使質(zhì)量和效

益、就業(yè)和收入、環(huán)境保護和資源節(jié)約有新提升，打造中國經(jīng)濟的升級版。

【保障民生】

——要編織一張覆蓋全民的保障基本民生的安全網(wǎng)。其中包括義務(wù)教育、醫(yī)療、養(yǎng)老保險、住房等，努力逐步把短板補上。還要堅守網(wǎng)底不破，通過完善低保、大病救助等制度，兜住特困群體的基本生活。

【促進社會公正】

——公正是社會創(chuàng)造活力的源泉，也是提高人民滿意度的一桿秤，政府理應(yīng)是社會公正的守護者。

【建設(shè)法治政府】

——要把法律放在神圣的位置，無論任何人、辦任何事，都不能超越法律的權(quán)限，我們要用法治精神來建設(shè)現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟、現(xiàn)代社會、現(xiàn)代政府。

【反腐】

——為政清廉應(yīng)該先從自己做起，己正，才能正人，這是古訓(xùn)，也是真理。自古有所謂“為官發(fā)財，應(yīng)當(dāng)兩道”。既然擔(dān)任了公職，為公眾服務(wù)，就要斷掉發(fā)財?shù)哪钕?。我們愿意接受全社會、接受媒體的監(jiān)督。

【中美關(guān)系】

——我經(jīng)常會見美國的政治家，他們和我談話，很坦率地說，我們是為美國利益而來，我跟他們說，我是為中國利益工作。既然大家都講利益，那好，利益就有共同點、匯合點。

【黑客攻擊】

——黑客攻擊問題，可以說是一個世界性的問題，中國本身就是主要的被黑客攻擊的受害者，中方不僅不支持，而且反對黑客攻擊行為。剛才你說的話我怎么有有罪推定的感覺啊？我想我們還是少一些沒有根據(jù)的相互指責(zé)，多做一些維護網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全的實事。

【改革】

——改革貴在行動，喊破嗓子不如甩開膀子。

——要使明規(guī)則戰(zhàn)勝潛規(guī)則。

——觸動利益往往比觸及靈魂還難。

【兩岸關(guān)系】

——大陸和臺灣是我們共同的家園，把它一道維護好、建設(shè)好，使其花團錦簇，我想花好總有月圓時。

【城鎮(zhèn)化】

——城鎮(zhèn)化也不能靠攤大餅，還是要大、中、小城市協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，東、中、西部地區(qū)因地制宜地推進。還要注意防止城市病，不能一邊是高樓林立，一邊是棚戶連片。本屆政府下決心要再改造一千萬戶以上各類棚戶區(qū)，這既是解決城市內(nèi)部的二元結(jié)構(gòu)，也是降低城鎮(zhèn)化的門檻。

【環(huán)境污染】

——綠水青山貧窮落后不行，但殷實富裕環(huán)境惡化也不行。

——不能以犧牲環(huán)境來換取人民并不滿意的增長。

【食品安全】

——食品安全，那可以說是天大的事，直接關(guān)系到人們的生活質(zhì)量和身體健康。政府應(yīng)該對假冒偽劣和黑心食品堅決進行查處，并且讓不法分子付出昂貴的代價。

【人生道理】

——在我個人的經(jīng)歷，在讀書、做事、文化熏陶當(dāng)中，悟出一個道理，就是行大道、民為本、利天下。這九個字不是什么典籍的原話，是我的心得。我堅信做人要正、辦事要公，才能利國利民。

【國際關(guān)系】

——中國有13億多人口，實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化還有很長的路要走，需要持久的國際和平環(huán)境。即使中國發(fā)展強大起來，我們也不會稱霸，因為中國在近現(xiàn)代歷史的慘痛遭遇中有深刻感受，己所不欲，勿施于人，這是中國人的信條。

第三篇：李克強總理精彩語錄

李克強總理記者會精彩語錄

【機構(gòu)改革】

——不是說政府有錯位的問題嗎？那就把錯裝在政府身上的手換成市場的手。這是削權(quán)，是自我革命，會很痛，甚至有割腕的感覺，但這是發(fā)展的需要，是人民的愿望。我們要有壯士斷腕的決心，言出必行，說到做到，決不明放暗不放，避重就輕，更不能搞變相游戲。

【發(fā)展經(jīng)濟】

——關(guān)鍵在推動經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型，把改革的紅利、內(nèi)需的潛力、創(chuàng)新的活力疊加起來，形成新動力，并且使質(zhì)量和效益、就業(yè)和收入、環(huán)境保護和資源節(jié)約有新提升，打造中國經(jīng)濟的升級版。

【保障民生】

——要編織一張覆蓋全民的保障基本民生的安全網(wǎng)。其中包括義務(wù)教育、醫(yī)療、養(yǎng)老保險、住房等，努力逐步把短板補上。還要堅守網(wǎng)底不破，通過完善低保、大病救助等制度，兜住特困群體的基本生活。

【促進社會公正】

——公正是社會創(chuàng)造活力的源泉，也是提高人民滿意度的一桿秤，政府理應(yīng)是社會公正的守護者。

【建設(shè)法治政府】

——要把法律放在神圣的位置，無論任何人、辦任何事，都不能超越法律的權(quán)限，我們要用法治精神來建設(shè)現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟、現(xiàn)代社會、現(xiàn)代政府。

【反腐】

——為政清廉應(yīng)該先從自己做起，己正，才能正人，這是古訓(xùn)，也是真理。自古有所謂“為官發(fā)財，應(yīng)當(dāng)兩道”。既然擔(dān)任了公職，為公眾服務(wù)，就要斷掉發(fā)財?shù)哪钕?。我們愿意接受全社會、接受媒體的監(jiān)督。

【中美關(guān)系】

——我經(jīng)常會見美國的政治家，他們和我談話，很坦率地說，我們是為美國利益而來，我跟他們說，我是為中國利益工作。既然大家都講利益，那好，利益就有共同點、匯合點。

【黑客攻擊】

——黑客攻擊問題，可以說是一個世界性的問題，中國本身就是主要的被黑客攻擊的受害者，中方不僅不支持，而且反對黑客攻擊行為。剛才你說的話我怎么有有罪推定的感覺?。课蚁胛覀冞€是少一些沒有根據(jù)的相互指責(zé)，多做一些維護網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全的實事。

【改革】

——改革貴在行動，喊破嗓子不如甩開膀子。

——要使明規(guī)則戰(zhàn)勝潛規(guī)則。

——觸動利益往往比觸及靈魂還難。

【兩岸關(guān)系】

——大陸和臺灣是我們共同的家園，把它一道維護好、建設(shè)好，使其花團錦簇，我想花好總有月圓時。

【城鎮(zhèn)化】

——城鎮(zhèn)化也不能靠攤大餅，還是要大、中、小城市協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，東、中、西部地區(qū)因地制宜地推進。還要注意防止城市病，不能一邊是高樓林立，一邊是棚戶連片。本屆政府下決心要再改造一千萬戶以上各類棚戶區(qū)，這既是解決城市內(nèi)部的二元結(jié)構(gòu)，也是降低城鎮(zhèn)化的門檻。

【環(huán)境污染】

——綠水青山貧窮落后不行，但殷實富裕環(huán)境惡化也不行。

——不能以犧牲環(huán)境來換取人民并不滿意的增長。

【食品安全】

——食品安全，那可以說是天大的事，直接關(guān)系到人們的生活質(zhì)量和身體健康。政府應(yīng)該對假冒偽劣和黑心食品堅決進行查處，并且讓不法分子付出昂貴的代價。

【人生道理】

——在我個人的經(jīng)歷，在讀書、做事、文化熏陶當(dāng)中，悟出一個道理，就是行大道、民為本、利天下。這九個字不是什么典籍的原話，是我的心得。我堅信做人要正、辦事要公，才能利國利民。

【國際關(guān)系】

——中國有13億多人口，實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化還有很長的路要走，需要持久的國際和平環(huán)境。即使中國發(fā)展強大起來，我們也不會稱霸，因為中國在近現(xiàn)代歷史的慘痛遭遇中有深刻感受，己所不欲，勿施于人，這是中國人的信條。

歷年溫家寶經(jīng)典語錄

2010-03-15 02:11:00 來源: 東亞經(jīng)貿(mào)新聞(長春)跟貼 0 條 手機看新聞

幾年來，每年的總理記者招待會，溫家寶總理都引經(jīng)據(jù)典、侃侃而談。3月14日之后，“余心所善，九死未悔”、“華山再高，頂有過路”，這些古詩文將成為新一輪的熱詞，或許將在中國歷史上留下一筆。

行百里者半九十

總理原話

今后幾年，道路依然不平坦，甚至充滿荊棘，但是我們應(yīng)該記住這樣一條古訓(xùn)：行百里者半九十。不可有任何松懈、麻痹和動搖。

釋義

出自《戰(zhàn)國策·秦策五》：“詩云：‘行百里者半九十’。此言末路之難也?！币鉃樾谐桃话倮铮吡司攀锊潘阃瓿闪艘话?。這句俗語比喻做事愈接近成功愈困難，也說明要完成最后百分之十的工程，卻要花費百分之五十的工作量。此語常用以勉勵人做事要善始善終。

華山再高，頂有過路

總理原話

同時我們要堅定信心，華山再高，頂有過路。解決困難唯一的辦法、出路和希望在于我們自己的努力。

釋義

由于華山太險，所以唐代以前很少有人登臨。歷代君王祭西岳，都是在山下西岳廟中舉行大典?！渡袝份d，華山是”軒轅皇帝會群仙之所”?！妒酚洝份d，黃帝、虞舜都曾到華山巡狩。據(jù)記載，秦昭王時命工匠施鉤搭梯攀上華山。魏晉南北朝時，還沒有通向華山峰頂?shù)牡缆?。直到唐朝，隨著道教興盛，道徒開始居山建觀逐漸在北坡沿溪谷而上開鑿了一條險道，形成了”自古華山一條路”。

人或加訕

心無疵兮

總理原話

中國有一句古語，人或加訕，心無疵兮。但畢竟你還給了我一個澄清真相的機會，因此，我首先應(yīng)該感謝你。

釋義

即使有人誹謗，我也問心無愧。出自《全唐文》卷六百十《劉禹錫十二·子劉子自傳》。亦余心之所善兮

雖九死其尤未悔

總理原話 亦余心之所善兮，雖九死其尤未悔。我將以此明志，做好今后三年的工作。

釋義

出自屈原《離騷》。意為合乎我心中美好的理想，縱然死掉九回我也絕不后悔。雖有小忿，不廢懿親

總理原話（兩岸）商簽協(xié)議是一個復(fù)雜的過程，但是正因為我們是兄弟，兄弟雖有小忿，不廢懿親，問題總會可以解決的。我去臺灣的愿望依舊是那么強烈，因為我認(rèn)為中華民族5000年的文化，具有強大的震撼力和凝聚力，不要因為50年的政治而丟掉5000年的文化。

釋義

兄弟間雖然有一些摩擦，但還是一脈相連的親緣。出自《左傳·僖公二十四年》：“如是，則兄弟雖有小忿，不廢懿親?！?/p>

不畏浮云遮望眼

自緣身在最高層

總理原話

溫家寶在回答法新社記者提問時說：“不畏浮云遮望眼，自緣身在最高層。我們應(yīng)該從這樣的高度來把握兩國關(guān)系。奧巴馬總統(tǒng)入主白宮以后，中美關(guān)系有個良好的開端?！?/p>

釋義

自己身在塔的最高層，站得高自然看得遠，眼底的景物可以一覽無余，不怕浮云把視線遮住。出自王安石《登飛來峰》。

（特派北京兩會報道組）

第四篇：總理記者招待會解讀

總理記者招待會

3月15日上午，在十二屆全國人大三次會議閉幕會后，國務(wù)院總理李克強在人民大會堂金色大廳與中外記者見面并回答提問。

一、鼓勵居民改善性住房

——中國政府要做的就是要為低收入住房困難群體提供住房保障。今年，我們在改造棚戶區(qū)、城市和農(nóng)村危房方面還要加大力度，各增加100萬套。中國政府有保障群眾基本居住條件的責(zé)任。

——我們要求強化地方政府合理調(diào)控房地產(chǎn)市場的責(zé)任，因地制宜，分城施策。中國城鎮(zhèn)化進程還在加快，中國房地產(chǎn)市場的需求是剛性的，我們鼓勵居民自住性住房和改善性住房需求，保持房地產(chǎn)長期平穩(wěn)健康發(fā)展。

【解讀】樓市發(fā)展迎來利好

中原地產(chǎn)首席市場分析師張大偉分析，這意味著接下來樓市發(fā)展將有諸多利好。整體上看，2015年房地產(chǎn)市場政策面將明顯寬松。這其中，首要的利好是對改善性需求的政策將繼續(xù)松綁。他預(yù)計，目前房地產(chǎn)市場正在逐步企穩(wěn)，政策也會在4月份逐步落地。到4月份，二套房首付很可能將回歸到5成。

此外，強化地方政府合理調(diào)控房地產(chǎn)市場的責(zé)任，因地制宜，分城施策，也意味著接下來地方政府將可能出臺更多的稅費減免、購房補貼等救市政策。

中金公司表示，目前經(jīng)濟下行風(fēng)險有限，需耐心等待貨幣放松，下半年關(guān)注改革與并購進展：政策放松已被市場預(yù)期，若未有流動性放松，房地產(chǎn)實體市場“淡季不淡、旺季不旺”，A股地產(chǎn)板塊則將高位震蕩。

配置上關(guān)注龍頭股，同時關(guān)注改革個股（工業(yè)地產(chǎn)、國企改革、京津冀三大細分主線）及潛在并購主題個股。股票梳理：龍頭個股如萬科A、保利地產(chǎn)等；改革主線如浦東金橋、格力地產(chǎn)、金隅股份等。

二、再提“互聯(lián)網(wǎng) +”計劃

在回答關(guān)于網(wǎng)購相關(guān)問題時，李克強承認(rèn)自己也網(wǎng)購，最近買了書。他相當(dāng)推崇電子商務(wù)等新業(yè)態(tài)。

——最近互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上流行的一個詞叫“風(fēng)口”，我想站在“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”的風(fēng)口上順勢而為，會使中國經(jīng)濟飛起來。

——我很愿意為網(wǎng)購、快遞和帶動的電子商務(wù)等新業(yè)態(tài)做廣告。因為它極大地帶動了就業(yè)，創(chuàng)造了就業(yè)的崗位，而且刺激了消費，人們在網(wǎng)上消費往往熱情比較高。

【解讀】電子商務(wù)仍需政府支持

今年以來，中國經(jīng)濟在增速放緩的情況下，就業(yè)率不降反增，重要原因是進行了政府的自身改革，推出商事制度改革等一系列簡政放權(quán)舉措，引發(fā)小微企業(yè)、個體戶井噴式增長。而這些企業(yè)、商戶中多數(shù)人的經(jīng)營業(yè)務(wù)，都是依托于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)展開。

李克強總理曾經(jīng)表示，政府對電子商務(wù)的大力支持，催生了中國電商的“破繭而出”。

當(dāng)前，中國電子商務(wù)發(fā)展需要金融的支持、需要更多稅收便利，也可能會與傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)生沖突。但為了增加就業(yè)、增加人民的收入，電子商務(wù)、跨境電子商務(wù)，以及云計算、大數(shù)據(jù)、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展都將獲得官方的支持。

實際上，在今年政府工作報告也首次提出“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+ ”行動計劃，全國人大代表、騰訊公司董事會主席兼CEO馬化騰認(rèn)為，“互聯(lián)網(wǎng) ”就是以互聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺為基礎(chǔ)，利用信息通信技術(shù)與各行業(yè)進行跨界融合。

今年政府工作報告首次提出制定“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+ ”行動計劃，推動移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、云計算、大數(shù)據(jù)、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)等與現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)結(jié)合，促進電子商務(wù)、工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融健康發(fā)展，引導(dǎo)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)拓展國際市場。

相關(guān)概念股包括長城動漫、寶誠股份、奧飛動漫、寶利來、中青寶、七喜控股、愛使股份、嘉麟杰、中弘股份等。

三、萬眾創(chuàng)新是改革 高手在民間

李克強多次強調(diào)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新，并將其認(rèn)為是中國經(jīng)濟的新引擎。

——真是高手在民間啊，破繭就可以出蠶。市場活力的激發(fā)需要政府去清障搭臺，今年我們要繼續(xù)在這方面做更多的事。

——謝謝你的好意，讓我們少操心。但是不能不多操心啊，因為大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新，實際上是一個改革。這也是歷史的啟示。

——讓更多的年輕人，尤其是貧困家庭的孩子有更多的上升通道。

【解讀】改革為創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新保駕護航

事實證明，有權(quán)“不任性”的簡政放權(quán)政策紅利持續(xù)釋放，為激發(fā)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)夯實了制度保障。

官方數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2014年，新登記注冊市場主體達到1293萬戶，其中新登記注冊企業(yè)增長45.9%，形成新的創(chuàng)業(yè)熱潮。

在高層看來，經(jīng)濟增速放緩，新增就業(yè)不降反增，顯示了改革的巨大威力和市場的無限潛力。

國務(wù)院發(fā)展研究中心發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟研究部副部長、研究員劉培林表示，大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新的話題不僅與政府有關(guān)系，而且甚至可以說是政府政策和制度，決定著創(chuàng)業(yè)和創(chuàng)新是否活躍。

分析人士表示，今年政府工作報告指出“大力發(fā)展眾創(chuàng)空間，增設(shè)國家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)，辦好國家高新區(qū)，發(fā)揮集聚創(chuàng)新要素的領(lǐng)頭羊作用。中小微企業(yè)大有可為，要扶上馬、送一程，使‘草根’創(chuàng)新蔚然成風(fēng)、遍地開花。”

市場也普遍推測，未來很多“眾創(chuàng)空間”大概率會設(shè)立在現(xiàn)有園區(qū)內(nèi)，并享受相關(guān)政策的便利與支持，園區(qū)類上市公司將不斷迎來利好政策。園區(qū)類具體標(biāo)的包括：張江高科、南京高科、蘇州高新、長春經(jīng)開、空港股份、市北高新等。

四、環(huán)保法的執(zhí)行不是棉花棒，是殺手锏

李克強重申去年在《政府工作報告》中所說，要向霧霾等污染宣戰(zhàn)，不達目的決不停戰(zhàn)。

——政府在治理霧霾等環(huán)境污染方面，決心是堅定的，也下了很大的氣力，但取得的成效和人們的期待還有比較大的差距。

——對違法違規(guī)排放的企業(yè)，不論是什么樣的企業(yè)，堅決依法追究，甚至要讓那些偷排偷放的企業(yè)承受付不起的代價。

——環(huán)保等執(zhí)法部門也要敢于擔(dān)當(dāng)，承擔(dān)責(zé)任。對工作不到位、工作不力的也要問責(zé)，瀆職失職的要依法追究，環(huán)保法的執(zhí)行不是棉花棒，是殺手锏。

【解讀】面對最嚴(yán)環(huán)保法 守法是底線

新《環(huán)境保護法》一頒布，就獲得了“史上最嚴(yán)環(huán)保法”的贊譽，獲得了國內(nèi)各界和國際社會的廣泛好評。

環(huán)保部長陳吉寧也曾表示，過去環(huán)保執(zhí)法過松過軟，環(huán)保不守法是常態(tài)，而今后要把這個常態(tài)翻過來，讓守法成為常態(tài)，“守法是底線，不論是企業(yè)還是政府，都要守法，這不是高要求，這是一個底線的要求”。

據(jù)記者了解，目前實際執(zhí)法中急需的按日計罰、查封扣押、限產(chǎn)停產(chǎn)等辦法，以及企業(yè)環(huán)境信息公開等多個文件，經(jīng)環(huán)保部部務(wù)會議審議發(fā)布，與新《環(huán)境保護法》同步施行。

分析人士表示，從目前不斷釋放的政策利好來看，未來環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)會迎來階段性的迅猛增長。目前應(yīng)當(dāng)加倍珍惜環(huán)保板塊的“跨年行情”，水污染防治、大氣污染防治和土壤修復(fù)等三類概念股值得關(guān)注。

相關(guān)概念股包括：創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)保、洪城水業(yè)、首創(chuàng)股份、龍凈環(huán)保、菲達環(huán)保、中電環(huán)保、先河環(huán)保等。

五、回應(yīng)經(jīng)濟新常態(tài)

李克強總理坦言，關(guān)鍵在于新常態(tài)下要在穩(wěn)增長和調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中間找到平衡點。

——中國人發(fā)明的圍棋，既要謀勢，又要做活，做活有兩只眼。形象地講，穩(wěn)增長和調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)就是兩只眼，做活了就可以謀大勢，當(dāng)然這需要眼光、耐力和勇氣。我相信，大家同心協(xié)力，有能力保持中國經(jīng)濟的大盤、基本面持續(xù)向好。

——我們這幾年沒有采取短期強刺激的政策，可以說運用政策的回旋余地還比較大，我們“工具箱”里的工具還比較多。

——雖然中國現(xiàn)在的物價總水平比較低，但并不是中國向世界輸出了通縮，你說叫“輸出者”，實際上我們是“被通縮”。

【解讀】增速放緩有利形成創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動新優(yōu)勢

從1-2月的宏觀經(jīng)濟數(shù)據(jù)來看，經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)在分化調(diào)整中正在發(fā)生深刻變化，新主體正在形成，新業(yè)態(tài)正在涌現(xiàn)，新動力正在孕育。

首先是經(jīng)濟運行緩中有穩(wěn)、緩中有快。同時，當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟增速放緩是在“三期疊加”影響持續(xù)加深的情況下發(fā)生的，符合新常態(tài)下經(jīng)濟增速換擋的客觀規(guī)律，符合一國經(jīng)濟進入到中高收入階段后增速回落的普遍規(guī)律，有利于倒逼企業(yè)加快結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和轉(zhuǎn)型升級，形成新常態(tài)下創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動新優(yōu)勢。

六、談簡政放權(quán)

全面深化改革伴隨著陣痛，李克強多次表示要用“壯士斷腕”的決心來進行改革，這個過程可能會很疼。今年，他繼續(xù)說這會很疼。

——你問到疼，確實很疼，而且在加深，面還會擴大。因為簡政放權(quán)是政府的自我革命，削權(quán)是要觸動利益的，它不是剪指甲，是割腕，忍痛也得下刀。

——不能像開車一樣，松了手剎，還踩著腳剎，明放暗不放?！窘庾x】簡政放權(quán)今年力度將更大

當(dāng)下，李克強反復(fù)強調(diào)簡政放權(quán)的意義，既有長期的遠慮，“因為簡政放權(quán)有利于厘清政府和市場的關(guān)系，激發(fā)市場活力，也可以用它去頂住經(jīng)濟下行的壓力”，也有短期的近憂，“去年我國經(jīng)濟速度放緩，但是就業(yè)不減反增，簡政放權(quán)起了很重要的支撐作用。”

本屆政府兩年內(nèi)下很大力氣完成了當(dāng)初提出的五年內(nèi)砍掉三分之一行政審批事項的目標(biāo)，其中有的是取消，有的是下放。盡管這個任務(wù)完成，并不代表簡政放權(quán)大功告成。因為不少項目審批，原來從一百多個看了一半，但是還有五六十道關(guān)卡。

記者會上，李克強再次給自己添加了新任務(wù)。今年中央政府將從新的角度力推簡政放權(quán)，比如全面取消非行政許可，不能法外施權(quán)。

七、談經(jīng)濟金融風(fēng)險

在談及影子銀行風(fēng)險和地方債務(wù)風(fēng)險，李克強表示要出臺更多政策使金融更好地為實體經(jīng)濟服務(wù)。

——中國的確存在著個案性的金融風(fēng)險，但是我們完全可以守住不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性、區(qū)域性金融風(fēng)險。

——我們允許個案性金融風(fēng)險的發(fā)生，按市場化的原則進行清算，這是為了防止道德風(fēng)險，也增強人們的風(fēng)險意識。

【解讀】金融風(fēng)險有累積的趨勢

受經(jīng)濟增速放緩影響，去年以來，國內(nèi)銀行不良貸款持續(xù)攀升，銀行風(fēng)險事件也有發(fā)生，金融風(fēng)險有累積的趨勢。

銀監(jiān)會統(tǒng)計顯示，截至2014年末，我國商業(yè)銀行不良貸款余額達8426億元，已連續(xù)12個季度上升;不良貸款率為1.25%，較年初上升0.22個百分點。

八、談國際經(jīng)濟關(guān)系

在回答中國經(jīng)濟全球地位以及在國際事務(wù)中是否搭便車問題時，李克強認(rèn)為，不能被忽悠。

——按照國際權(quán)威統(tǒng)計，中國也就是世界第二大經(jīng)濟體。更重要的是，按人均GDP，我們是在世界80位以后。

——要說中國搭便車，這么大的塊頭搭誰的便車?中國是和大家一起推車?！?中美投資協(xié)定)談判會有個過程，但它向中美、向世界發(fā)出了明確的信號，就是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系會更加密切，這個中美關(guān)系的“壓艙石”會更沉更穩(wěn)。

【解讀】壓艙石影響全球投資格局

中美投資協(xié)定談判（BIT談判）于2008年正式啟動。經(jīng)過15輪談判，此前，雙方在國有企業(yè)、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護、透明度和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定等核心議題上仍存在分歧。但是，在2014年7月舉行的第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話后，雙方同意，該談判達成“時間表”，力爭2014年底前就BIT文本的核心問題和主要條款達成一致，承諾2015年早期啟動負面清單談判。

中美分別是全球第一、第二大外資吸收國家，也是對外投資的主力。中美雙邊投資協(xié)定的達成，將對全球的投資格局產(chǎn)生深遠影響。

九、對臺開放力度和深度會更大

——“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治，這是中國政府的基本國策。有人擔(dān)心中央政府會不會收緊對香港的政策，這個是不必要的。

——這里請你傳遞一個帶有“定心丸”的消息，就是大陸將會繼續(xù)維護臺資企業(yè)和臺商的合法權(quán)益，保持對他們的合理優(yōu)惠政策。而且在對外開放中，我們會先一步對臺灣開放，或者說對臺灣開放的力度和深度會更大一些。

【解讀】臺灣如果不開放，容易被邊緣化

商務(wù)部部長高虎城此前在兩會的專場發(fā)布會上表示，海峽兩岸經(jīng)濟合作框架協(xié)議(ECFA)的商談，起步早于中韓自貿(mào)協(xié)定。

高虎城表示，ECFA后續(xù)協(xié)商已經(jīng)取得了很多階段性的成果，希望雙方能夠珍惜既有成果，照顧彼此關(guān)切，相向而行，落實已經(jīng)達成的成果和推動后續(xù)的商談，為構(gòu)建兩岸經(jīng)貿(mào)制度化合作新機制共同努力，也為兩岸的經(jīng)濟繁榮做出貢獻。

全國政協(xié)委員、海協(xié)會會長陳德銘在兩會期間接受記者采訪時表示，兩岸服貿(mào)協(xié)議能否生效，取決于臺灣方面。“臺灣是‘醒得早，起得晚’。如果不開放，容易被邊緣化。

市場分析人士稱此次總理大派定心丸，對于兩岸經(jīng)濟有長遠利好，而相關(guān)公司也有望受益。主要從一下幾個方面把握：

1．受益最大的應(yīng)該是航運類的個股。像廈門港務(wù)、廈門空港、南方航空、中國國航等。

2．福建本地的一些上市公司值得關(guān)注。廈門是臺灣重點投資區(qū)域，像一些主營基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的相關(guān)上市公司，如福建高速、漳州發(fā)展等。未來政策對于福建區(qū)域的房地產(chǎn)業(yè)也將產(chǎn)生一定的刺激作用，在福建區(qū)域有房地產(chǎn)業(yè)務(wù)的上市公司，像廈門國貿(mào)、建發(fā)股份、三木集團等也值得關(guān)注；

3．一些具有臺資背景的A股上市公司也有可能受益于“三通”，如國祥股份、多倫股份、廈華電子等。

十、今年將出臺存款保險制度

國務(wù)院總理李克強15日表示，中國的確存在著個案性的金融風(fēng)險，但是完全可以守住不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性、區(qū)域性金融風(fēng)險。今年要出臺存款保險制度，而且要進一步發(fā)展多層次的資本市場，降低企業(yè)的資金杠桿率，使金融更好地為實體經(jīng)濟服務(wù)。

分析認(rèn)為，建立存款保險制度有利于吸引更多資金入市，并形成對銀行股的長期利好，銀行股穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打的走高將助推整體上市的行情不斷攀升，從而形成積極的局面。在存款保險制度推出后，存款有可能會向大中型商業(yè)銀行集中，并刺激小銀行迅速發(fā)展以尋找適合的業(yè)務(wù)模式以適應(yīng)市場需求。

十一、總理支持企業(yè)“走出去”

李克強表示，中國正在逐步推進人民幣資本項下的可兌換，這本身也表明在推進資本市場的開放。中國去年吸引外資是力度最大的一年。外資進入中國達到1200億美元。同時，我們也愿意看到中國的企業(yè)“走出去”，中國的公民到國外去創(chuàng)業(yè)，當(dāng)然，既要遵守中國有關(guān)法律的規(guī)定，也要遵守當(dāng)?shù)氐姆伞?/p>

分析人士認(rèn)為，有利于國內(nèi)裝備制造企業(yè)走向世界，中國“一帶一路 ”全面推進，相關(guān)受益行業(yè)，如建筑行業(yè)、工程機械、鐵路裝備、核電設(shè)備、基建等仍值得關(guān)注。

相關(guān)概念股包括：龍建股份、晉億實業(yè)、中國電建、中國鐵建、中鐵二局、中國中鐵、徐工機械、三一重工、葛洲壩等。

十二、正在全面評估單獨二孩政策

李克強在回答中央電視臺記者提問時說：“去年我們已經(jīng)開始實施單獨二孩政策，現(xiàn)在正在推進，也正在進行全面的評估。我們會根據(jù)評估的結(jié)果，也考慮中國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展和人口結(jié)構(gòu)變化的情況，權(quán)衡利弊，但是必須依照法律程序來調(diào)整和完善人口政策。”

當(dāng)前A股市場各行業(yè)涉二胎概念的上市公司主要有生產(chǎn)嬰兒食品的貝因美、三元股份、光明乳業(yè)、伊利股份、皇氏乳業(yè)、黑牛食品；生產(chǎn)兒童玩具的奧飛動漫、高樂股份、驊威股份、群興玩具、星輝車模；市場文具公司的齊心文具、廣博股份；市場兒童用品的美盛文化、江南高纖、中順潔柔、北玻股份；提供兒童醫(yī)療的戴維醫(yī)療、康芝藥業(yè)等。

2015-3-16

第五篇：李克強2014年記者招待會全文(中英對照)

2014年3月13日上午，十二屆全國人大二次會議在人民大會堂舉行記者會，國務(wù)院總理李克強應(yīng)大會發(fā)言人傅瑩的邀請會見中外記者，并回答記者提問。

On the morning of 13 March 2014, the Second Session of the Twelfth National People’s Congress held a press conference at the Great Hall of the People.Premier Li Keqiang of the State Council met with Chinese and foreign press at the invitation of Fu Ying, spokesperson of the NPC Session.[國務(wù)院總理 李克強]媒體的朋友們，感謝你們對中國兩會給予的關(guān)注和作出的報道，大家辛苦了。下面就請?zhí)釂枴?/p>

Premier Li Keqiang said: Friends from the press, I want to thank you for your interest in and coverage of the NPC and CPPCC Sessions.My appreciation goes to all of you for your hard work.Now I would be happy to take your questions.[美國有線電視新聞網(wǎng)記者]李總理，我的問題是和失聯(lián)的馬航飛機有關(guān)。首先借此機會對于機上的乘客、機組人員以及他們的家屬表示同情。大家都在急切地等待飛機的有關(guān)消息。請問您的是，中國政府在民用、軍事以及衛(wèi)星獲取圖象等方面采取了什么措施來全力參與失聯(lián)飛機的搜救行動？我還想問，這起事件會否對中國的對外開放政策和海內(nèi)外的旅游業(yè)產(chǎn)生影響？中國將采取什么措施確保國內(nèi)以及海外中國公民的安全？比如中國政府是否會考慮進一步加強業(yè)已十分嚴(yán)格的安保措施？

CNN: Premier Li, my question pertains to the missing airplane of Malaysia Airlines.First of all, our sympathy goes to the families of the passengers and crew members of MH370.It’s day 6 now and there is confusion and frustration.What’s your reaction to the current situation? What is China doing to harness all your resources, civilian, military, satellite imaging to assist in the search and rescue? And down the road, how will this incident impact China’s attitude and policies on opening-up including inbound and outbound tourism? What measures will you take to ensure the safety of Chinese citizens in and outside China? Will you tighten up the already tight security? Thank you.[李克強]馬航失聯(lián)飛機上有239名乘客，其中154名是中國同胞，他們的親人心急如焚，他們的生命安危牽掛了中國政府和億萬中國人的心，現(xiàn)在我們也在盼來有消息，哪怕是一丁點好消息。中國政府已經(jīng)啟動了全面應(yīng)急和搜救機制，現(xiàn)在到達相關(guān)海域的有8艘中國艦船，還有一艘正在駛向相關(guān)海域，而且我們還動用了十顆衛(wèi)星進行信息技術(shù)支持，只要有任何疑點都不能放過。

Li Keqiang: There are 239 people on board the missing plane of Malaysia Airlines, including the 154 Chinese passengers.Those people’s families and friends are burning with anxiety.The Chinese government and Chinese people are deeply concerned about their safety.We are all eagerly awaiting news about the plane, even the slightest piece of good news.The Chinese government has activated a comprehensive contingency response and search operation.Currently there are eight Chinese vessels in the related waters and one Chinese vessel is on its way.Ten satellites are being used to provide information and technical support.We will not give up on any suspected clue.昨天我還和在前方的中國一艘搜救船船長通話，請他盡力再盡力。我們對衛(wèi)星圖象上發(fā)現(xiàn)的一些疑點，也在盡力地進行辨認(rèn)。這是一場國際大搜救，有諸多的國家參與了搜救，我們也要求有關(guān)方面加強協(xié)調(diào)，并且一定要查明原因，找到馬航的失聯(lián)航班，妥善處理相關(guān)各方面的事宜。只要有一絲希望，我們絕不放棄搜救！至于問到中國的開放政策會不會變？不會，會繼續(xù)開放，會有更多的中國公民走出國門，這會增加政府的責(zé)任。政府要盡職履責(zé)，盡自己最大的可能，通過加強國際合作來確保在海外我國公民的生命安全。對于中國的航班安全工作，我們一直不敢放松，人命關(guān)天?。≈x謝。

I had a telephone conversation yesterday with a captain of one of the Chinese vessels in the search operation, and asked him to do his utmost.We are looking very closely at all suspected clues shown on the satellite images.This is a large international search operation involving many countries.The Chinese government has asked relevant parties to enhance coordination, investigate the cause, locate the missing plane and properly handle all related matters.As long as there is a glimmer of hope, we will not stop searching for the plane.With respect to China’s opening-up policy, there will be no change with the policy and China will continue to open itself to the outside world.In this course, a growing number of Chinese people will make overseas trips.That will place greater responsibility on the Chinese government.The Chinese government will fully perform its duties and enhance cooperation with other countries and regions to ensure safety of overseas Chinese nationals.As for flight safety, we have never let up our effort in ensuring flight safety as there is nothing more important than human life.[《金融時報》記者]國際市場高度關(guān)注中國金融和債務(wù)問題，認(rèn)為這是全球經(jīng)濟最大的風(fēng)險之一。請問中國政府將如何應(yīng)對這些問題，是否愿意看到出現(xiàn)金融產(chǎn)品違約的情況？ Financial Times: The international community is following very closely China’s financial and debt risks, regarding this as one of the highest risks for the global economy.What will the Chinese government do to tackle such risks? Is the government willing to see default of financial products? [李克強]你的中文說得很流利，也很標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，我聽懂了。但是因為這是中外記者招待會，還得請翻譯做一次翻譯。關(guān)于對中國經(jīng)濟有風(fēng)險，甚至還有些不看好的報道，最近我也看到了，類似的報道可以說似曾相識，去年就有對中國經(jīng)濟下行的擔(dān)心，但是我們就是在這樣的背景下，頂住壓力完成了全年經(jīng)濟主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)。對金融和債務(wù)風(fēng)險我們一直高度關(guān)注，去年在經(jīng)濟下行壓力加大的情況下，我們果斷決定全面審計政府性債務(wù)問題，這本身表明要勇于面對。審計的結(jié)果如實對外公布，表明債務(wù)風(fēng)險是總體可控的，而且政府的債務(wù)率還在國際公認(rèn)的警戒線以下。很多債務(wù)還是投資性的，但我們不能忽視其中存在的風(fēng)險，正在加強規(guī)范性措施。下一步，包括采取逐步納入預(yù)算管理，開正門、堵偏門，規(guī)范融資平臺等措施。

Li Keqiang: I’ve got your question very clear as you speak very good Chinese, but this is a press conference for both Chinese and foreign journalists, so we still need the translation.There is such a view that the Chinese economy is confronted with risks, and I have read such reports which are not optimistic about the Chinese economy.They bear resemblance to the past bearish talk about the Chinese economy.For example, there was this concern last year about China’s economic downturn.Yet in spite of the pressure, we achieved our goal set for economic growth.We pay very high attention to the financial and debt risks.Faced with increased downward pressure on the economy last year, we conducted a comprehensive audit on government debt.That shows that the Chinese government has faced up to this challenge.We have released to the public the audit result as it is.And it shows that the risks are on the whole under control.Moreover, our debt to GDP ratio is below the internationally recognized warning line, and most of the debt takes the form of investment.But the government will not overlook potential risks.We are going to intensify regulatory steps, put those debts under budgetary management over time and enhance the oversight of financing vehicles.In a word, we are going to keep the front gate open and block side doors.對于“影子銀行”等金融風(fēng)險，我們也正在加強監(jiān)管，已經(jīng)排出時間表，推進實施巴賽爾協(xié)議III規(guī)定的監(jiān)管措施。我兩會期間參加一個代表團的審議，有來自銀行界的代表問我，是不是資本充足率的要求偏高了一些？我們還是發(fā)展中國家，但是我們只能這樣做，我們不能把今天的墊腳石變成明天的絆腳石。至于你問我是不是愿意看到一些金融產(chǎn)品違約的情況，我怎么能夠愿意看到呢？但是確實個別情況難以避免，我們必須加強監(jiān)測，及時處置，確保不發(fā)生區(qū)域性、系統(tǒng)性金融風(fēng)險。謝謝。

As for financial risks such as shadow banking, we have tightened regulatory measures, set a timetable and started to apply the Basel III requirements.When I participated in the panel discussion during the two Sessions, a deputy from the banking sector said to me: Isn’t the capital adequacy ratio in China a bit too high? After all, we are still a developing country.But this is a must for us, as we don’t want to let today’s stepping stone become tomorrow’s stumbling block.As for default of financial products, how could I want to see such thing happen? Yet I’m afraid certain individual cases of such defaults are hardly avoidable.What we should do is to step up monitoring, promptly handle relevant situation and ensure that there will be no regional and systemic financial risks.[人民日報、人民網(wǎng)記者]總理，您好?，F(xiàn)在社會上有不少人擔(dān)心中國的反腐敗會不會是一陣風(fēng)？去年我們也查出了不少貪官，這是否說明中國在制度方面還存在著某些缺陷？此外，政府下一步在反腐敗上還會有什么新的行動？謝謝。

People’s Daily: There is a widely shared concern in the society as to whether this recent anti-corruption campaign will be a short-lived one.Last year, many corrupt officials were dealt with, but does this show there exist some institutional flaws in China? What new steps will the government take to combat corruption? [李克強]中國黨和政府反對腐敗的意志和決心是一貫的。十八大以來，以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅持有貪必反、有腐必懲，取得新成效，我們會堅持不懈地做下去。對于腐敗分子和腐敗行為，我們實行的是“零容忍”。中國是法治國家，不論是誰，不論職位高低，法律面前人人平等，只要是觸犯了黨紀(jì)國法，就要依法依紀(jì)嚴(yán)肅查處、懲治。Li Keqiang: The Communist Party of China and the Chinese government have a firm will and resolve to fight corruption.This is our consistent position.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary has been steadfast in combating corruption and holding corrupt officials accountable.New progress has been made in this regard and we will carry forward this campaign with perseverance.For corrupt behaviors and corrupt officials, we will show zero tolerance.China is a country under the rule of law.No matter who he is and how senior his position is, if he violates Party discipline and law of the country, he will be seriously dealt with and punished to the full extent of the law, because everybody is equal before the law.腐敗是人民政府的天敵，我們要用法治的思維，用制度來管權(quán)、管錢。今年要繼續(xù)推進簡政放權(quán)，而且要加快推進“權(quán)力清單”公布，界定權(quán)力的邊界，防止濫用權(quán)力。對于社會公眾高度關(guān)注的一些領(lǐng)域，比如像土地出讓金收入、礦產(chǎn)權(quán)的轉(zhuǎn)讓等，我們要全面審計，要通過一系列的制度性措施，讓權(quán)力尋租行為、讓腐敗現(xiàn)象無藏身之地。謝謝。

Corruption is the natural enemy of a people’s government.We must apply the rule of law in both thinking and action in fighting corruption.And we must put the exercise of power and use of public money under institutional check.This year, we will continue to streamline administration and delegate government power.We are going to release to the public a list of powers as quickly as possible and set down a clear boundary for the exercise of power to prevent power abuse.We will also carry out comprehensive audits in those areas which are of high concern to the public, including the revenue on the transfer of land use rights and transfer of mining rights.We will take institutional steps to ensure that rent-seeking behaviors and corruption have nowhere to hide.[新加坡《聯(lián)合早報》記者]去年中國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人頻繁訪問周邊國家，提出了新的周邊外交理念與合作倡議，但本區(qū)域仍然存在一些分歧和矛盾。請問您怎么看待中國與周邊關(guān)系的前景？謝謝。

Lianhe Zaobao of Singapore: Last year, Chinese leaders visited many neighboring countries and put forward new vision on China’s neighborhood diplomacy and cooperation initiatives.But still there exist some disputes and differences in China’s neighborhood.I would like to ask how do you see China’s future relations with its neighbors? [李克強]你的中文就更標(biāo)準(zhǔn)了，但是還是需要再翻譯一次。中國是個發(fā)展中國家，實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化是13億人民的共同意志，這需要有和平穩(wěn)定的周邊和國際環(huán)境。我記得去年記者會快結(jié)束的時候，我說過，中國走和平發(fā)展道路的決心是堅定不移的，維護國家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整的意志也是不可動搖的。兩者歸結(jié)起來還是要維護穩(wěn)定，為發(fā)展創(chuàng)造良好環(huán)境。早在60年前，中國和一些周邊國家，就共同倡議和平共處五項原則，四鄰周邊有時候難免有磕磕碰碰的情況，但是只要我們相互尊重、管控分歧、互利互惠，碰出的應(yīng)該是和諧的聲音，而不是刺耳的噪音。

Li Keqiang: You speak mandarin even better.But still we need the translation.I hope to have your understanding.China is still a developing country.To achieve modernization of the country represents the common aspiration of the 1.3 billion Chinese people.This requires a peaceful and stable neighboring and international environment.I recall that approaching the end of last year’s press conference, I once said that China has an abiding commitment to pursuing peaceful development.We also have an unshakable will in safeguarding China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.These two points are both for the sake of upholding stability and creating a favorable environment for China’s development.As early as 60 years ago, China and some of its neighbors had jointly initiated the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.When neighbors interact with each other, it’s only natural that sometimes they will run into problems of one kind or another.But as long as they respect each other, properly manage differences and pursue mutual benefit, there will be harmonious sounds instead of jarring noises.你的問題讓我回想起去年訪問東盟國家，比如到越南，我和越南領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人達成海上共同開發(fā)、陸上合作、金融合作三頭并進的原則共識以后，也想聽聽民間的反應(yīng)。我就晚上趁工作之余，到了一家小店，那個女店主當(dāng)時就認(rèn)出我了，她說歡迎中國客人來，我想這也是給她帶來生意啊。我就問她你怎么看鄰國的關(guān)系？她說還是和平友好吧。和平友好、和平共處，我想這是四鄰百姓的愿望，我們需要一起努力，來擴大利益的交匯點，縮小矛盾點，這樣就可以和睦相處，也是造福民眾。謝謝。

Your question reminds me of my visit to some ASEAN countries last year.During my visit in Vietnam, I reached principled consensus with the Vietnamese leaders about China-Vietnam cooperation in maritime joint development, on the land and in the financial sector.I was curious about how the ordinary people would think about this.So later in the evening, I took some time out of the schedule and visited a small local shop.The shopowner instantly recognized me and she said that she would like to have more Chinese customers.They would bring more businesses to her shop.I asked her how she thought about China’s relationship with its neighbors.She said there should be peace and friendship.Peace, friendship and peaceful co-existence, I believe, represent the common aspirations of all people in China and its neighbors.As long as we all work together to expand common interests and narrow differences, we can live with each other in harmony, bringing greater benefits to our people.[英國路透社記者]想請教總理，有一個經(jīng)濟問題。中國經(jīng)濟去年增長7.7%。請問總理，您上任一年最大的挑戰(zhàn)、最大的困難是什么？再有就是您覺得亟待解決的問題還有哪些？謝謝。

Reuters: China’s economy grew at 7.7% last year.In the past year since you became Chinese premier, what do you think is the biggest challenge and difficulty and what are the pressing issues that need to be resolved? [李克強]我確實很佩服你們這些駐華記者，能這么流利地說中文。要說去年最大的挑戰(zhàn)，那還是經(jīng)濟下行壓力加大的挑戰(zhàn)。一度中國的中央財政收入出現(xiàn)負增長，金融領(lǐng)域還有所謂“錢荒”，銀行間隔夜拆借利率超過了13%，而且用電量、貨運量的增幅也大幅回落。國際上也出現(xiàn)了一些輿論，說中國經(jīng)濟可能要硬著陸，還給出了指標(biāo)，說增長可能只有3%到4%。而對我們來說，財政和貨幣政策運用空間又很有限，宏觀調(diào)控確實面臨多難選擇。怎么辦？遇萬難還須放膽。當(dāng)然破困局要用智慧，我們保持定力，創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控的思路和方式，明確了經(jīng)濟運行的合理區(qū)間，就是增長和就業(yè)不能越出下限，通脹不能突破上限，而且著力促改革、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，讓市場發(fā)力。正是在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，經(jīng)過全國人民的共同奮斗，我們頂住壓力，實現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)。Li Keqiang: I truly admire all these resident journalists of foreign media in China for speaking Chinese so well.The biggest challenge last year was the increased downward pressure on our economy.Central government revenue registered negative growth at one point.There was the so-called “money squeeze” in the financial sector last June.Inter-bank lending rate exceeded 13%.And there was a slump in the growth of electricity consumption and cargo transport volume.There was this view in the international community that the Chinese economy would suffer a hard landing and China’s growth would drop to 3-4%.Moreover, we had only very limited room for manoeuvre in carrying out fiscal and monetary policies, and we were faced with multiple tough choices in exercising macro-control.Under such conditions, what should we do? When confronted with mounting challenges, one needs to show guts.To tackle a difficult situation, one needs to have wisdom.We held our ground.We pursued creative thinking and ways in exercising macro-control and set a proper range for China’s economic operation.That is to say, we worked to ensure that GDP growth and employment would not slide below the lower limit and inflation would not exceed the upper limit.We focused our efforts on boosting reform and making structural adjustment to ensure that the market will play a strong role.Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary and thanks to the concerted efforts of the entire Chinese people, we faced the pressure down and met our targets.現(xiàn)在我們看得更多的是困難和問題。今年挑戰(zhàn)依然嚴(yán)峻，而且可能會更加復(fù)雜。我們既要穩(wěn)增長、保就業(yè)，又要防通脹、控風(fēng)險，還要提質(zhì)增效，治理污染，多重目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn)需要找一個合理的平衡點，這可以說是高難度的動作。但凡事不患難，但患無備。所謂磨好了斧子才能劈開柴。我想只要我們正視困難、直面挑戰(zhàn)、趨利避害，就是遇事克難的成功之道。我們有去年應(yīng)對經(jīng)濟下行的經(jīng)歷，中國經(jīng)濟又有著巨大的潛能和韌性，我們有能力也有條件使今年經(jīng)濟運行保持在合理區(qū)間。謝謝。

Now what is on top of our mind is the existing difficulties and problems.We will confront serious challenges this year, and some may be even more complex.We need to keep steady growth, ensure employment, avert inflation and defuse risks.We also need to raise the quality and efficiency of China’s economic development and tackle pollution.So we need to strike a proper balance amidst all these goals and objectives.This is not going to be easy.But the thing we have to fear is not the difficulty itself, but lack of preparedness, just as only a sharpened axe can cut through firewood.We will face up to the difficulties and challenges and make the most of the favorable conditions while averting unfavorable ones.This holds the secret to our success.Moreover, we gained good experience from handling the economic downturn last year, and the Chinese economy has tremendous potential and resilience.So I believe we have the ability and conditions to keep the economic operation within a proper range this year.[中央電視臺、中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)電視臺記者]總理您好。我注意到您在之前回答記者提問的時候說到今年要繼續(xù)推進簡政放權(quán)，所以我想就這個話題請您展開來給我們具體談一談。因為我們看到這個話題也是您在去年的記者會和今年的報告當(dāng)中特別強調(diào)的一點，關(guān)于這一點在采訪的時候我聽到大家對這項改革有很多的好評，但是說實話我們也聽到了不少的抱怨，比如說現(xiàn)在在有的部門依然還存在著辦事難的現(xiàn)象，有的部門可能是把次要的權(quán)放出去了，但是重要的權(quán)還留著。所以我特別想請問總理，關(guān)于簡政放權(quán)的措施您認(rèn)為怎么樣才能真正地落到實處，要減到什么樣的程度這項改革任務(wù)才算是基本完成了？謝謝。CCTV: In last year’s press conference and this year’s government work report, you laid special stress on streamlining administration and delegating powers.In our reporting activities we have heard much praise from the society about this reform initiative.Yet at the same time we have also heard complaints among the people that it is still difficult to get things done in some governmental departments.And some governmental departments may have released some less important powers, but still hold on to those more important ones.How to ensure that this reform initiative will be fully implemented? And to what extent can we say this reform task has been completed? [李克強]去年，中央政府把簡政放權(quán)作為改革的先手棋，我們確實下了不少的力氣，到現(xiàn)在一年的時間，僅中央政府下放取消的審批事項就有416項。更重要的是它釋放了一個強烈的信號，給企業(yè)松綁、讓市場發(fā)力。結(jié)果企業(yè)找政府的少了，地方跑北京的少了，有個統(tǒng)計數(shù)字也可以表明這激發(fā)了市場的活力。去年新注冊企業(yè)增加了27.6%，其中私營企業(yè)新增30%，這是十多年來最高的。這也表明簡政放權(quán)是激發(fā)市場活力、調(diào)動社會創(chuàng)造力的利器，是減少權(quán)力尋租、鏟除腐敗的釜底抽薪之策。十八屆三中全會提出，要讓市場在資源配置中發(fā)揮決定性作用和更好發(fā)揮政府作用，我想簡政放權(quán)是重要的突破口、切入點。

Li Keqiang: Last year, the Chinese government took streamlining administration and delegating power as the top priority on its reform agenda.With tremendous efforts, the central government has abolished or delegated to lower-level governments 416 items subject to State Council review and approval.This has sent out a very strong signal that we will loosen the straitjacket over enterprises and let the market play a strong role.As a result, fewer enterprises find it necessary to turn to the government and fewer local governments find it necessary to turn to the central government.This reform initiative has tremendously boosted market dynamism as shown in the following statistics: The number of newly registered businesses last year increased by 27.6%, among which the number of newly registered private businesses increased by 30%, the highest in over ten years.This shows that streamlining administration and delegating power is a powerful tool in energizing the market and stimulating social creativity.It is also the fundamental solution for cutting rent-seeking behavior and uprooting corruption.It was decided at the Third Plenum of the 18th CPC Central Committee that the market will play a decisive role in allocating resources and the government should better play its role.Streamlining administration and delegating powers is an important starting point in this direction.當(dāng)然，放并不是說政府就不管了，我們講的是放管結(jié)合。要讓政府有更多的精力來完善和創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控，尤其是加強事中事后的監(jiān)管。對一些搞坑蒙拐騙、假冒偽劣、侵犯知識產(chǎn)權(quán)、蓄意污染環(huán)境，違背市場公平競爭原則的行為，那就要嚴(yán)加監(jiān)管、嚴(yán)厲懲處。放管結(jié)合都要體現(xiàn)公平原則。當(dāng)然，我們在推進簡政放權(quán)當(dāng)中，也確實遇到了像避重就輕、中間梗阻、最后一公里不通暢等問題。開了弓哪還有回頭箭？我們只能是一抓到底、一往無前。我們還要繼續(xù)去啃“硬骨頭”，至于說到什么程度滿意，那就是正確地處理好政府和市場的關(guān)系，市場經(jīng)濟也是法治經(jīng)濟，我們要努力做到讓市場主體“法無禁止即可為”，讓政府部門“法無授權(quán)不可為”，調(diào)動千千萬萬人的積極性，為中國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展不斷地注入新動力。謝謝。

Delegation of power does not mean that the government will stay out of everything.What we need is both power delegation and tightened oversight.This way, the government can have extra energy to focus on pursuing creative and better macro-control.In particular, supervision over these delegated matters should be tightened when these matters are being handled and after they have been handled.Such behaviors as cheating and swindling of marketplace, making and selling of fake or substandard goods, violation of intellectual property rights, polluting activities and those activities that obstruct fair market competition will be put under rigorous oversight and severely punished.The principle of equity should be reflected in both power delegation and tightened oversight.I am aware that in the course of power delegation there have been such problems as a perfunctory attitude, midway obstruction or power delegation getting stuck in the last mile.But how can an arrow shot be turned back? We are determined to see this reform through.We are prepared to take on tough challenges in pursuing this reform initiative.As to what extent will we feel satisfied, we will keep up this reform until there is a proper relationship between the government and the market.The market economy is one based on the rule of law.We need to ensure that market entities can do anything which is not prohibited by the law, and government departments cannot do anything unless it is mandated by the law, so as to mobilize the initiative of all sides and add new impetus to the growth of the Chinese economy.[美國消費者新聞與商業(yè)頻道記者]許多投資者認(rèn)為，今年中國經(jīng)濟的增長會繼續(xù)放緩，會低于確定的7.5%增長目標(biāo)。在不采取更多刺激政策的前提下，您所能接受的最低增速是多少？

CNBC: Many investors believe that China’s growth rate this year could be slower and lower than the official rate of 7.5%.What is the slowest rate of growth you would find acceptable without stimulating the economy? [李克強]我剛才講了，一些關(guān)于中國經(jīng)濟偏悲觀的報道我看到了，而且也注意了。我們在去年并沒有采取短期刺激政策的情況下能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)經(jīng)濟預(yù)期目標(biāo)，為什么今年不可以呢？當(dāng)然，我不否認(rèn)今年可能會有更復(fù)雜的因素，我們之所以把經(jīng)濟增長率定在7.5%左右，考慮的還是保就業(yè)、惠民生，增加城鄉(xiāng)居民收入。我們更注重的是數(shù)字背后的民生、增長背后的就業(yè)。這使我想到上個月23號，G20，也就是20國集團的財長和央行行長會議發(fā)布了一個公報，提出要在原有政策可達到的水平上，把GDP在5年內(nèi)再提高2個百分點，以增加就業(yè)。在我的印象當(dāng)中，G20這么說可能還是第一次，這表明主要經(jīng)濟體更加看重增長和就業(yè)的關(guān)系。

Li Keqiang: As I said before, I am aware of those pessimistic reports about the Chinese economy.Last year, without taking additional short-term stimulus measures, we succeeded in meeting the economic target.Why can’t we do it this year? There is no denying that we may encounter a more complex situation this year.We have set this year’s GDP growth target at around 7.5%.What we have on our mind is to ensure employment, improve people’s lives and increase urban and rural incomes.What we care more about is the livelihood of our people behind a GDP figure and employment behind GDP growth.On 23 February, the G20 Finance Ministers and Central Governors Meeting issued a communiqué.It said that the G20 will work to raise its collective GDP by 2% within five years based on the current trajectory in order to add jobs.As far as I recall, this is the first time the G20 set such a target.That shows all major economies value the role of growth in generating jobs.沒有就業(yè)就沒有收入，也難以增加社會財富。我在基層曾經(jīng)訪問過一些“零就業(yè)”家庭，一個家庭沒有一個人就業(yè)，真是毫無生氣，沒有希望。現(xiàn)在我們?nèi)珖磕暌略龀擎?zhèn)勞動力就業(yè)1000萬人以上，還要給六七百萬新增的農(nóng)村勞動力進城務(wù)工留有一定的空間，所以要有合理的GDP增速。當(dāng)然，我們既然說GDP增長的預(yù)期目標(biāo)是7.5%左右。左右嘛，就是有彈性的，高一點，低一點，我們是有容忍度的。至于你說可以接受的下限是什么，那就是這個GDP必須保證比較充分的就業(yè)，使居民收入有增長。我們不片面追求GDP，但是我們還是需要貼近老百姓的GDP，提高質(zhì)量效益、節(jié)能環(huán)保的GDP。謝謝。Without a job, there is no source of income and it will be difficult to increase social wealth.I once visited some zero-employment families.When none of the family members has a job, the entire family is listless and hopeless.Each year we need to add over 10 million urban jobs and leave room for about six to seven million rural migrant workers to come to get employed in cities.Therefore we need appropriate GDP growth.We set the GDP growth target for this year at about 7.5%.This “about” means that there is a level of flexibility here.You asked me what is the lowest GDP growth that we can live with.This GDP growth needs to ensure fairly full employment and realize reasonable increase of people’s income.We are not preoccupied with GDP growth.The GDP growth we want is one that brings real benefits to our people, helps raise the quality and efficiency of economic development and contributes to energy conservation and environmental protection.[香港商報記者]請問總理，很多香港的民眾都認(rèn)為，面對周邊國家和地區(qū)的快速發(fā)展，有很多人都認(rèn)為香港競爭優(yōu)勢遭到了很大的弱化，請問總理怎么看香港的發(fā)展前景？謝謝。Hong Kong Commercial Daily: As neighboring countries and regions grow fast, many people in Hong Kong feel that the Hong Kong’s competitive edge is declining.How do you see the future prospects of Hong Kong’s development?

[李克強]這幾年，世界經(jīng)濟可以說是跌宕起伏，在這種嚴(yán)峻復(fù)雜的環(huán)境下，香港能夠站住腳跟，保持繁榮，本身就表明香港經(jīng)濟有競爭力。香港在祖國內(nèi)地改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)中，作出了重要貢獻，我們現(xiàn)在全面深化改革，促進經(jīng)濟升級，也給香港發(fā)展帶來更大的空間。中央對港澳的政策是一貫的、明確的，中央政府也會繼續(xù)支持香港，保持并且提升國際金融貿(mào)易航運中心的地位。內(nèi)地在進一步擴大開放服務(wù)業(yè)，香港在這方面是有專業(yè)優(yōu)勢的，近水樓臺可以先得月，我相信香港同胞歷來是有著敢拼能贏的精神，會在未來全球競爭中保持競爭優(yōu)勢，保持繁榮。謝謝。Li Keqiang: There has been much volatility in the global economy in recent years.Under such grave and complex conditions, Hong Kong has stood firm and maintained prosperity.I believe this shows Hong Kong has kept its competitive edge.Hong Kong has made important contributions to the reform, opening up and modernization drive on the mainland.The comprehensive deepening of reform and economic upgrading of China will also open up broad space for Hong Kong’s development.The central government’s policy towards Hong Kong and Macao is consistent and clear-cut.The central government will continue to support Hong Kong in maintaining and elevating its status as an international financial, trading and shipping center.The mainland is opening up its service sector, and Hong Kong has a leading edge in this field.“A pavilion close to the pond will get the moonlight first.” With Hong Kong people’s enterprising spirit, I have confidence that Hong Kong will keep its competitive edge and maintain prosperity amidst future global competition.[美聯(lián)社記者]我想請問李總理，您如何評價中美關(guān)系的現(xiàn)狀，如果要進一步提升雙邊關(guān)系水平的話，兩國面臨的障礙有哪些？中方希望美方做出哪些改變？謝謝。

Associated Press: Mr.Premier, how do you comment on the current state of China-US relationship? In order to further raise the level of China-US ties, what do you think are the obstacles in the way and what change does China wish to see on the part of the United States? [李克強]中美關(guān)系實質(zhì)上是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家和最大的發(fā)達國家之間的關(guān)系。去年習(xí)近平主席和奧巴馬總統(tǒng)在加州莊園會晤達成構(gòu)建新型大國關(guān)系的重要共識，那就是互不沖突、互利共贏。當(dāng)然，中美因為歷史文化背景不同，發(fā)展階段不同，對一些問題存在分歧，這是客觀的，在合作當(dāng)中有摩擦也是事實，但這是合作中的“煩惱”。我們只要相互尊重，尊重對方的核心利益和重大關(guān)切，管控好分歧，平等磋商，尤其是注意擴大中美的共同利益，就可以提升中美關(guān)系的水平。中美的共同利益可以說是遠遠大于分歧，去年我們雙邊貿(mào)易額達到5200多億美元，粗略算的話，每一個工作小時，中美之間可能有1億美元的生意已經(jīng)做成了。何況我們現(xiàn)在還正在進行中美投資協(xié)定的談判，中美合作的潛力巨大，要在增強互補性上多做文章。所謂智者求同，愚者求異，變是向有利于中美雙方、有利于兩國關(guān)系穩(wěn)定的方向去走，還是要擇寬處行，謀長久之利。謝謝。

Li Keqiang: The China-US relationship, in essence, is a relationship between the largest developing country and largest developed country in the world.Last year, President Xi Jinping and President Obama had a meeting in California and reached the important consensus of building a new model of major-country relationship between China and the United States.This relationship has the defining feature of non-conflict, non-confrontation, mutual respect and win-win cooperation.China and the United States are different in history, culture and stage of development.So it’s only natural that these two countries have some differences and there are also some frictions in their cooperation.But these are pains amidst growing cooperation.As long as the two sides respect each other’s core interests and major concerns, properly manage differences and engage in equal consultations, in particular, continue to expand their converging interests, they can further raise the level of this relationship.China and the United States are different in history, culture and stage of development.So it’s only natural that these two countries have some differences and there are also some frictions in their cooperation.But these are pains amidst growing cooperation.As long as the two sides respect each other’s core interests and major concerns, properly manage differences and engage in equal consultations, in particular, continue to expand their converging interests, they can further raise the level of this relationship.[中國日報記者]總理您好。您在報告里講改革要有壯士斷腕的決心、背水一戰(zhàn)的氣概，還要抓住牽一發(fā)動全身的舉措，那么今年您覺得最應(yīng)該從哪些領(lǐng)域突破？謝謝總理。China Daily: In your government work report, you said that the government will pursue reform with utmost determination and focus on those reform steps that will have an overall impact.I would like to ask: what is the top priority on the government reform agenda this year? [李克強]黨的十八屆三中全會提出要全面深化改革，也就是要把改革貫穿到經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的各個領(lǐng)域、各個環(huán)節(jié)。我回想了一下，去年以來國務(wù)院開了40次常務(wù)會議，其中有30次是研究改革相關(guān)的議題，即使是其他議題我們也是在用改革的精神研究和推進的。其基本取向那就是讓市場發(fā)力、激活社會的創(chuàng)造力，政府盡應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任，讓人民受惠。這也使我回想起30多年前，我在農(nóng)村作村干部，那時候起早貪黑，恨不得把每個勞動力當(dāng)天干什么都給定下來，結(jié)果呢？到頭來就是吃不飽肚子。后來搞承包制，放開搞活，農(nóng)民自己決定干什么、怎么種，幾年時間溫飽問題就解決了。當(dāng)然，我們現(xiàn)在推進全面深化改革，實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)要有個過程，但古人說“吾道一以貫之”，只要我們鍥而不舍，假以時日，必有成效。

Li Keqiang: It was decided at the third Plenum of the 18th CPC Central Committee that we will pursue a comprehensive deepening of reform in China.This means that reform will be carried out in all areas of China’s economic and social development.Since last year, the State Council has altogether convened 40 executive meetings.Thirty of them are directly related to reform topics.And the rest of the topics are also studied and pursued with the spirit of reform.The ultimate goal of reform is to energize the market and stimulate creativity of the society.The government needs to perform its duties well to bring benefits to the people.Your question reminds me of those days I spent in a rural village as a cadre more than 30 years ago.During that time, I worked very hard around the clock.I was anxious to plan out the share of work for each and every villager for the day.But still, with all the hard work, we still didn’t have enough to eat.But later, land was contracted to local villagers, past restrictions were lifted, and peasants were able to decide for themselves what they wanted to grow on the contracted land and what they wanted to do.In just a few years’ time, food and clothing was no longer a problem.To comprehensively deepen reform in China will take time.But our ancestors believe that one needs to be persistent in one’s pursuit of the objective.With persistent efforts over time, I believe we will be able to achieve our goal.我們要全面深化改革，但是也要抓牽牛鼻子的改革，在重點領(lǐng)域要有所突破。今年我們還要繼續(xù)推進簡政放權(quán)，讓市場發(fā)力，有效規(guī)范地發(fā)揮作用；還要把財稅金融改革作為重頭戲，包括給小微企業(yè)減免稅費方面有新的舉措，給市場助力；以結(jié)構(gòu)改革推進結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，深化國企改革，發(fā)展混合所有制經(jīng)濟，放寬市場準(zhǔn)入，尤其是在服務(wù)業(yè)領(lǐng)域，像醫(yī)療、養(yǎng)老、金融等，讓市場增強競爭力。諸多的改革我在政府工作報告當(dāng)中都說了，這里就不再贅述了，關(guān)鍵還在于推進落實。當(dāng)然，改革會觸動利益、會動“奶酪”，你放權(quán)，有些人的權(quán)就少了。放寬市場準(zhǔn)入，增強市場競爭力，現(xiàn)有的一些企業(yè)就會感到壓力。但是為了釋放改革紅利，尤其是讓廣大人民受惠，我們義無反顧。謝謝。

In the course of comprehensively deepening reform, we certainly need to stay focused on key reform initiatives, and seek breakthroughs in key areas.This year, we will continue to streamline administration and delegate power to let the market fully play its role in an effective and well-regulated manner.We will take fiscal, tax and financial reforms as priorities.For example, new steps will be taken to ease the tax burden on micro and small businesses to boost market vitality.We will pursue structural reform to boost structural adjustment.In this area, we will deepen reform of state-owned enterprises, vigorously develop a mixed-ownership economy and ease market access, especially in the service sector, such as health care, old-age support and financial services to boost market competition.I have set out in detail the reform initiatives we are going to take this year in my government work report.I will not elaborate on it here.The crucial thing is to ensure that all reform measures will be fully implemented.In the course of reform, the vested interests will be shaken up and some people’s cheese will be moved, so to speak.For example, in the course of power delegation, some government departments will find fewer powers in their hands.In boosting market competition and easing market access, some existing companies will feel greater pressure.But in order to further release the dividends of reform and bring greater benefits to our people, we will carry through the reform without hesitation.[臺灣東森電視臺記者]總理，您好。我們都知道兩岸現(xiàn)在迎來了一個好的機遇，在今年過完年之后，兩岸主管事務(wù)部門負責(zé)人見了面，而且習(xí)主席也與中國國民黨榮譽主席連戰(zhàn)見面，并且發(fā)表了重要談話。我的問題是，兩岸現(xiàn)在的交流以及互動非常密切，大家也非常希望兩岸關(guān)系有新的突破。請問您對新的一年兩岸關(guān)系發(fā)展有什么樣的期待？謝謝。ETTV of Taiwan: We now see a great opportunity for further growth of cross-Straits relations.Shortly after the Chinese New Year, the competent departments of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits held a meeting.General Secretary Xi Jinping met with KMT Honorary Chairman Lien Chan, and made important remarks on cross-Straits relations.There has been very close exchange and cooperation between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits.People on both sides hope to see new breakthrough in cross-Straits ties.What is your expectation for cross-Straits ties this year? [李克強]兩岸是手足同胞，一家人，此話可以說常講常新。你剛才列舉了兩岸關(guān)系進展的一些事實，我也想講一件很有趣的事。去年兩岸的媒體共同把“進”字作為兩岸漢字。這個字可以說反映了兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的趨勢，也反映了兩岸民眾的期待，我也期待著在新的一年兩岸關(guān)系有新的進展，再進一步。我認(rèn)為兩岸關(guān)系中重要的內(nèi)容是人員往來和經(jīng)貿(mào)合作。去年兩岸人員往來已經(jīng)突破800萬人次，創(chuàng)歷史新高，希望繼續(xù)保持這樣一個好勢頭。兩岸還在就ECFA后續(xù)協(xié)議進行商談，希望早出成果，造福兩岸的民眾和有關(guān)企業(yè)。借此機會也請你轉(zhuǎn)達我對臺灣同胞新的一年的祝福。謝謝。

Li Keqiang: People on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are compatriots and members of one family.This is always true and highly relevant.Just now, you mentioned a few important events in the recent development of cross-Straits ties.Let me also share one interesting anecdote.Last year, media of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits jointly selected the Chinese character “進”, or “progress” in English, as “Chinese Character of the Year”.I believe this shows the trend of peaceful development of cross-Straits relations and represents the common wish of people on both sides.I hope to see even greater and new progress in cross-Straits ties this year.I believe people-to-people exchange and business cooperation are important components of cross-Straits relations.Last year, over 8 million visits were exchanged between people of the two sides, reaching a new high.We hope such good momentum will be kept.Moreover, the two sides are also in consultation of a follow-up to the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement(ECFA).We hope to see early results out of the consultations so that greater benefits can be delivered to people and businesses of both sides.Please also convey my New Year greetings to our Taiwan compatriots.[新華社和新華網(wǎng)記者]總理你好，房地產(chǎn)問題一直是社會持續(xù)關(guān)注的問題，今年兩會上也有代表委員提了很多的建議和意見。那么請問總理，政府在這方面有沒有什么新的思路和新的舉措？謝謝。

Xinhua News Agency: The housing issue has always been a hot topic among the Chinese society.During this year’s two sessions, many deputies and members put forward their suggestions and views on this topic.I would like to ask what will be the new ideas and measures of the government on this issue? [李克強]房地產(chǎn)問題是個大問題，它直接關(guān)系到居民住房問題。讓人民群眾住有所居，這應(yīng)該是政府奮斗的目標(biāo)。我們需要根據(jù)不同人群的需求，不同城市的情況，分類施策、分城施策。政府還是要用更多的精力、更大的力度來解決好群眾的基本住房需求問題。現(xiàn)在我們國家城鎮(zhèn)集中連片的棚戶區(qū)還居住著上億人，可以說不具備基本的生存條件。幾百個人一個旱廁，特別是北方，到了冬天居民入睡要帶著棉帽、穿著棉衣，這可以說是政府心頭之痛。所以今年我們要繼續(xù)加大棚戶區(qū)改造的力度，至少要再改造470萬套以上。當(dāng)然，我們也要推進公租房等保障房建設(shè)，并且實行公平分配，讓新就業(yè)的年輕人和長期進城務(wù)工的人員緩解住房困難。在這方面，我認(rèn)為干一寸勝過說一尺。對于合理的自住需求，也要有相應(yīng)的政策支持，包括增加普通商品房供應(yīng)。對房地產(chǎn)市場則是要因城因地分類進行調(diào)控，抑制投機投資性需求，重在建立長效機制，促進房地產(chǎn)市場平穩(wěn)健康發(fā)展。謝謝。Li Keqiang: The real estate issue is a big issue, as it directly concerns home of the people.The goal of the government is to ensure adequate housing for the people.We need to take differential measures in response to diverse needs and in light of different situations in different cities.I believe the government needs to focus on and do more to meet the people’s basic housing needs.Now, up to 100 million people still live in those contiguous poor urban rundown areas, and these people lack their basic living conditions.For example, several hundred people have to share one toilet, and in places in Northern China, people have to wear cotton-padded coats and hats when they go to sleep on a winter night.This is deeply distressing for the government.We will rebuild more rundown areas this year, and the goal is to rebuild at least over 4.7 million rundown houses.At the same time, we will also build more government-subsidized housing, such as public rental housing to ease the housing difficulty of those young people who have just entered workforce and rural migrant workers, and ensure that these housing units will be distributed equitably.In this regard, even a small action is a lot more important than a thousand words.There will be policy support for reasonable housing needs for self-living.The government will increase the supply of ordinary commercial housing.We will take a differential approach in regulating the housing market for different places.We will curb the housing needs for speculation and investment purposes, and establish a long-term mechanism to promote steady and sound growth of the housing market.[中央人民廣播之聲和央廣網(wǎng)記者]總理，您好。我的問題是關(guān)于霧霾天氣?，F(xiàn)在我們看到老百姓對霧霾的抱怨越來越多。我們也注意到，您在政府工作報告中對此用了“宣戰(zhàn)”這個詞，這在以往是沒有的。請問總理，“宣戰(zhàn)”到底意味著什么？

China National Radio: There has been growing public complaint about smog.In your government work report, you said the government will declare war against pollution.I wish to ask you what do you mean by that? [李克強]我說要向霧霾等污染宣戰(zhàn)，這是因為這是社會關(guān)注的焦點問題。許多人早晨一起來，就打開手機查看PM2.5的數(shù)值，這已經(jīng)成為重大的民生問題。我們說要向霧霾等污染宣戰(zhàn)，可不是說向老天爺宣戰(zhàn)，而是要向我們自身粗放的生產(chǎn)和生活方式來宣戰(zhàn)。我們?nèi)ツ瓿雠_了國務(wù)院治理大氣污染的十條措施，在161個城市進行PM2.5數(shù)值的監(jiān)測，這在發(fā)展中國家是最多的。這不僅是要讓人民群眾提高自身防護的意識，更是給政府增加責(zé)任。今年我們主動加壓，加大降耗力度，也就是確定能源消耗強度要下降3.9%，而去年實際完成是下降3.7%，這意味著要減少2.2億噸煤炭消耗。

Li Keqiang: I said the government will declare war against smog and pollution as a whole, because this has become a serious issue on the top of the minds of our people.For many people, the first thing they do after getting up in the morning is to check the PM2.5 figure for the day.This has become a major issue that concerns our people’s lives.To declare war against smog and other pollution doesn’t mean that we are declaring war against Nature.Rather, what we mean is that we are going to declare war against our own inefficient and unsustainable model of growth and way of life.Last year, the State Council issued a ten-point plan of action on the prevention and control of air pollution.We now conduct PM2.5 monitoring in 161 cities across the country, which is the most extensive scope among all developing countries.This is not just a reminder for our people to take precautionary measures, but also placing additional responsibility on the shoulder of the government.This year we will take further measures.For example, we have set the target of cutting energy intensity by 3.9% on top of the 3.7% reduction we achieved last year.This is equivalent to cutting coal burning by 220 million tons.對包括霧霾在內(nèi)的污染宣戰(zhàn)，就要鐵腕治污加鐵規(guī)治污，對那些違法偷排、傷天害人的行為，政府絕不手軟，要堅決予以懲處。對那些熟視無睹、監(jiān)管不到位的監(jiān)管者要嚴(yán)肅追查責(zé)任。當(dāng)然，霧霾的形成有復(fù)雜的原因，治理也是一個長期的過程。但是我們不能等風(fēng)盼雨，還是要主動出擊，希望全社會，政府、企業(yè)、社會成員，大家一起努力，持續(xù)不懈地奮斗，來打這場攻堅戰(zhàn)。謝謝。

In fighting pollution, we need both tough measures and tough regulations.The government will severely punish those illegal emitting activities which harm both nature and human health.And those overseeing agencies which turn a blind eye to polluting activities and fail to perform their overseeing duties will be held accountable.There are complex causes for smog and to tackle this problem will take a long time.But we cannot sit here and wait for wind or rain to drive smog away.We have to take action ourselves.I hope that the government, the businesses and each and every individual of the society will act together and make persistent efforts to win this tough battle against smog.It’s almost time for lunch, but the moderator hopes that I take two more questions.Would you like that? Fine, I’m happy to oblige.快到吃飯時間了，但是主持人希望再問兩個問題，大家愿意嗎？那好吧，我服從公眾。It’s almost time for lunch, but the moderator hopes that I take two more questions.Would you like that? Fine, I’m happy to oblige.[荷蘭國際新聞電視臺記者]去年您訪問了多個歐洲國家，您親自介入了解決中歐之間關(guān)于光伏產(chǎn)品的貿(mào)易糾紛，同時訪問期間，您還親自推介中國的核電以及高鐵裝備。請問您希望如何解決中國企業(yè)進入歐洲市場方面存在的一些障礙？同時中國政府將采取什么措施來解決歐洲方面對歐洲公司進入中國市場的關(guān)切？

RTL 4: Premier Li, you went to Europe last year to solve the solar panel dispute and also to promote Chinese nuclear power equipments and Chinese high-speed rail.I’d like to know your thoughts on what kind of obstacles you think should be removed for Chinese companies who want to do business in Europe.And in return, how will you address the European concerns about market access to China? [李克強]推介中國的產(chǎn)品，維護中國企業(yè)在海外的正當(dāng)權(quán)益，這是作為中國總理份內(nèi)的事。我去年訪問中東歐的時候，曾經(jīng)跟他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人說，如果你要建高鐵、核電，在同等質(zhì)量下，用中國的裝備可能是建設(shè)最快、成本最低的，我有這個底氣。中國的經(jīng)濟要升級，出口產(chǎn)品也要升級，我們不能總是賣鞋襪、衣帽、玩具，當(dāng)然這也需要，但中國裝備走出去可以在世界市場上接受競爭的檢驗，提質(zhì)升級。而且這樣做也有利于各方，因為我們裝備的很多零件是全球采購的，一些技術(shù)也是購買來的，中歐和相關(guān)方面，就裝備走出去進行合作可以實現(xiàn)互利共贏。

Li Keqiang: To promote Chinese products and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese companies overseas is part of my job as Chinese Premier.During my visit to central and eastern Europe last year, I once said to leaders of these countries that of all the high-speed railways and nuclear power plants of the same quality, the Chinese companies can deliver in the fastest way and at the lowest cost.I have such confidence.In upgrading the Chinese economy, we also need to upgrade Chinese exports.We cannot just export toys, apparel or shoes, although they are also necessary.We also need to export Chinese equipment to help Chinese equipment raise its competitiveness as they are tested on the international market.This is also a win-win situation, as among exports of Chinese equipment, many components and parts are sourced globally and some technologies are introduced from overseas.So this brings benefits to all.不過我還想通過各位向中國企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)達一句話：你們可是要盡力啊，我們對中國裝備質(zhì)量等做了承諾，可不要讓這個承諾落空啊。請中外記者給予監(jiān)督。至于你說到去年的光伏案，中歐作為最大的貿(mào)易伙伴，規(guī)模很大，摩擦難免發(fā)生，但是只要我們相互尊重，妥善地協(xié)商，是可以解決問題的。像最后光伏案的解決，可以說是成功的案例。我可不希望因為個案，而且比例很小，來丟掉“中歐是最大貿(mào)易伙伴”的帽子。說到中歐關(guān)系，我還要說，中歐都主張世界多極化，也主張投資便利化。中歐企業(yè)相互進入、相互投資，這是大趨勢。我們現(xiàn)在正在進行中歐投資協(xié)定談判，相信在中歐投資協(xié)定談判的進程當(dāng)中，只要我們對等、公平、便利地推進，為企業(yè)創(chuàng)造條件，中歐的相互投資額會不斷地攀升，經(jīng)濟的融合度也會不斷地加深。謝謝。

Here through you, I wish to convey a message to the Chinese companies.That is: you need to do your best.We have given our word for the quality of Chinese equipment.I hope you will not prove us wrong, and the Chinese and foreign journalists can supervise.You mentioned the trade dispute over photovoltaic products last year.China and the EU are each other’s largest trading partners.It is only natural that there will be some trade frictions between them given the large size of their trade.But as long as the two sides respect each other and engage in proper consultations, problems can be solved.And settlement of last year’s photovoltaic products case is a success story.I don’t want to see that one loses the status of “biggest trading partner” because of those individual cases which account for only a very small percentage of the two-way trade.Talking about China-EU relations, I want to say that both China and the EU are strong advocates of a multi-polar world and investment facilitation.I believe it is an irresistible trend for Chinese and European companies to enter into each other’s markets and make mutual investment.The two sides are now negotiating an investment treaty.I believe that as long as the two sides conduct the negotiation in a fair, reciprocal and facilitating way and create conditions for companies of both sides, there will be even greater mutual investment and deeper economic integration between China and Europe.[中國國際廣播之聲和國際在線網(wǎng)記者]總理，您好。最近網(wǎng)上民調(diào)顯示，社會保障是網(wǎng)民關(guān)注的熱點之一。去年您就提出要打造民生保障的安全網(wǎng)。請問總理，在這方面有哪些進展和新的打算？謝謝。

China Radio International: A recent opinion poll shows that social security is one of the hot topics among Chinese netizens.Last year, you said that China will build a social safety net to improve people’s livelihood.How has this been progressing and is there any new plan in this regard? [李克強]社會關(guān)注的熱點問題，尤其是民生問題，應(yīng)該是政府工作的重點。今年要著重繼續(xù)做三件事，就是?；?、兜底線、促公平。第一是?；尽Ｒ簿褪钦f要在義務(wù)教育、基本醫(yī)療、基本養(yǎng)老、住房等諸多方面來構(gòu)建一個完整的社會保障安全網(wǎng)。我們現(xiàn)在基本醫(yī)保已經(jīng)總體覆蓋全民了，基本養(yǎng)老的參與人數(shù)也超過8億人。但是群眾還有反映，比如接續(xù)難、轉(zhuǎn)移難這些問題，我們要繼續(xù)鞏固和擴大這些基本的社會保障。今年適當(dāng)時候要提高基本養(yǎng)老金的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而且要解決或者說逐步解決碎片化的問題，整合城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)保，推進養(yǎng)老保險并軌，構(gòu)建統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)的社會保障網(wǎng)。

Li Keqiang: Topics of high concern to the people, in particular those related to people’s livelihood, represent priorities on the government work agenda.This year, we have three major tasks.Namely, we need to meet people’s basic living needs.We need to provide a last resort for people to fall back on in case of special difficulty.And we need to promote social fairness.First, we need to ensure people’s basic living needs.We will build a comprehensive social safety net covering, among others, compulsory education, medical care, old-age support and housing.Our basic medical insurance schemes have achieved full coverage.Now basic old-age insurance schemes cover more than 800 million people.We need to make them truly portable and transferable, and further expand their coverage.We will raise the basic pension benefits at an appropriate time this year, and tackle the problem of fragmentation in due course.That is to say, we need to further integrate old-age and medical insurance schemes in urban and rural areas to put in place an integrated social safety net for the entire population.第二是兜底線。因為國力所限，我們基本保障的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)還是低水平的，總會有一部分人因病、因災(zāi)等特殊原因陷入生活的窘境，基本保障兜不住，還要進行社會救助。我們絕不能讓無家可歸、因貧棄醫(yī)等現(xiàn)象頻發(fā)。將心比心啊，政府工作人員應(yīng)該以百姓之心為心。所以前不久我們出臺了新的社會救助管理辦法，就是要讓這些特殊困難群眾求助有門。第三是促公平。我們?；?、兜底線，還是要為了解除人民群眾就業(yè)、創(chuàng)業(yè)的后顧之憂，還是要采取措施，尤其在一些領(lǐng)域要有更有效的辦法，讓就業(yè)、求職機會公平，讓創(chuàng)業(yè)有公平競爭的環(huán)境，特別要注重起點公平，也就是教育公平。我們要繼續(xù)增加農(nóng)村貧困地區(qū)的學(xué)生上重點高校的人數(shù)，今年要增加10%以上，并且要加大農(nóng)村貧困地區(qū)薄弱學(xué)校改造的力度。政府就是應(yīng)該創(chuàng)造條件，讓每個人都通過自己的奮斗有公平發(fā)展的機會，我們要把公正貫徹到社會的最底層。謝謝。

Second, we need to provide a last resort for people to fall back on in time of special difficulty.As China is still a developing country, our basic welfare benefits are still quite low.But there are these people in the society who run into special difficulty because of serious illnesses or sudden disasters.In such circumstances, basic welfare benefits are no longer enough.They are in need of social assistance.The government must prevent frequent occurrence of such instances in which people become homeless or have to give up seeking medical treatment because they cannot afford it.Just imagine what if such situation happens to ourselves.All government employees must always put such special needs of the people on top of their mind.Therefore, not long ago, we introduced new methods on providing social aid to ensure that people who run into special difficulty will have somewhere to turn to.Third, we need to promote social fairness.The above-mentioned two major tasks are designed to ensure that our people won’t have any worries in seeking employment and starting one’s own business.The government needs to take more effective steps to ensure equal opportunities in finding jobs and level the playing field for people to start their own businesses.The government needs to pay particular attention to ensuring fairness at the starting point, namely, fairness in education.This year we will raise the proportion of rural students from poor areas enrolled in key colleges and universities by over 10%.We will also further improve those poorly-built and low-performing schools in poor rural areas.In a word, the government needs to create conditions to ensure that each and every individual will have an equal shot at a better life through hard work and that fairness and justice are truly realized even at the most primary level of the society.Thank you.[李克強]主持人說到吃午飯的時間了。中國人說民以食為天。所謂民是眾的意思，你們的肚子加起來遠遠超過我一個人，還是要讓大家不能挨餓。謝謝你們參與關(guān)注今天的記者會，也謝謝一些記者的提問，謝謝大家。

Li Keqiang: The moderator indicates to me that it’s already lunch time.The Chinese people see food as an overriding priority.With so many people at the press conference, I hate to stand between you and your lunch.Thank you for coming to today’s press conference, and thank you for your questions.Thank you all.記者會結(jié)束后，李克強總理站起來將要離開現(xiàn)場時，又回答了兩位記者的追問。在回答記者關(guān)于中央是否還會有惠港政策的問題時，李克強說，凡是有利于香港繁榮發(fā)展的事，我們都會去做，過去是這樣，今后還會是這樣。

After the press conference, as he stood up to leave, Premier Li Keqiang answered questions from two more journalists.When asked whether the central government will introduce more favorable policies for Hong Kong, Premier Li Keqiang said, we will do anything that contributes to the prosperity of Hong Kong.We did so in the past and will continue to do in the future.