第一篇：4000詞匯筆記
歷史與現(xiàn)實
——4000詞匯的世界
筆記整理：Martin Wong
內(nèi)部資料請勿翻印
專題一：單詞演義（TheGenesisOfEnglishlexis）
1ManoreWoman
男人和女人在單詞中存在的意義很深淵?！癕”代表山?！癢”代表水。西方人認為男人就是山，女人就是水。
‘M’ 男性（Man，Male，Masculine，Manage，Match）
‘W’女性（Woman，Wife，Widow，Watch??）英語詞根的來源
（1）古英語：正宗英國原著名，代表單音節(jié)發(fā)音的詞
Door，Hard，Axe
(2)希臘語與拉丁語的擴展：詞根，詞綴的要素。教育Introduce介紹；intro（向里）+duc（拉）+e
Seduce色誘se（色）+duc+e
(3).法語的入侵;
Government（政府）
（1）此類發(fā)音要求重音靠后。CafeResume
（2）結(jié)尾是輔音的不發(fā)音。BulletDebutDavid
(4)..其他的語言入侵
Kungfun（功夫）Coolie（苦力）
Tyhoon（臺風）shanghai（V.拐騙N.上海）
與音樂相關(guān)都來自意大利語。
PianoSoloViolinCelloAria
單詞演化打法??！
一．元音互換（/a//e//i / o//y / 還有一個特殊輔音 /Y/。
Bilingual雙語bi=2lingu=languge
Bicycle自行車
二．輔音互換（1）發(fā)音相似t—d ,p—d，v—F，c—K—g。
注意（單詞來源于發(fā)音）① Disc=Disk
② Candle=Kindle
③ Blink=Blind
④ Korea=Corea
⑤China——Cina——Sina； Sinpec 中國石化
（2）拼寫相似(輔音的11中可以互換 /m/—/n//b/—/p//b/—/d//w/—/m//u/—/v/—/w/)W=double UWars=Mars
Itnter+V Val=Wall（墻）=Interval（間隔）
① Cab=Head（頭）Cabbage包菜，大頭菜
② Cap帽子
③ cape海腳a.cape toun(海角之域，南非首都開普敦)
b.captain 隊長
d.capital首都省會
④Biceps二頭肌Bi=2
⑤Triceps三頭肌Tri=3
（3）字幕可脫落和附和
Twin=two in（雙胎胎）
Walnut(核桃)=wall（墻）+nut（堅果）
Combat群毆
Bat=beat擊打Hit 打
附加：fin（末端尖狀物）
Fin魚鱗
Final 最后
Finger 手指
Finish結(jié)束
Finland芬蘭
Fiancee未婚妻
（4）字母順序的相互Astr=star星星
Consider（考慮）
Disaster（災難）
Astronomy（天文學）
Astronaut（宇航員）nau=nav=nary 航海，航行Taikonaunt（taikongren）
*詞匯的故事*
Apple—tree—cat—tin（小廳）
Banana
Cancer巨蟹座，癌癥
Log—blog日志—博客
Salay—salt薪水—鹽
Car----cart-------carry---------carpenter------??career
Chaos<混亂>-------(吵死)
Chaotic<混亂地>
Uronus
Cronus
Zeus
Apollo
Artemis（Diana）
Aphrodite（venus）eg。April is the month of love。
Volcano（火山）
Athena 智慧之神Ares
Athlete；運動員
Pdseidon
Hades
Titan 巨人titanic，Atlas
Promethens ①hunan 人類，hum 土，泥巴 ②humble，humiliate，humid Pandora 終身的禮物（潘多拉）
Pandora’s Box（帶來社會**的導火索）
Matrix《黑客帝國》（母體，舉證）
Neothe one
God表示上帝 Hisstory 他的故事，上帝的故事He
Trinity圣明（tri==3）
Trinity
Tricycle
Bicucle
Triangle
Triangel
Seraph 熾天使，六翼天使；最高等的天使。
Angel
Arch angel
Lucifer
Adam
Lilith
Twillght of gods
Satan
Edemadam’s apple
Extraordinary
第二篇：GRE詞匯課筆記
GRE詞匯課筆記ingenious adj 聰明的 ingenuous adj天真的flagrant adj 惡臭的 fragrant adj 芳香的daunt v 使膽怯 gaunt adj高廋的 jaunt v短途旅行 haunt n/adj常去的地方，縈繞于心 flaunt v 炫耀 vaunt v炫耀 taunt v嘲笑
4關(guān)于船的一組詞：bow船首 gallery船上廚房 hull船殼 halk廢殼 ballast 壓艙物 rudder船的螺旋槳 stern船尾 hatch船艙口 mast桅桿 ensign艦旗 helm舵 helmsman舵手 deck甲板
5與希臘神話有關(guān)的詞：chaos混亂 chimera神怪 titanic巨大的 atlas地圖集 erotic 性愛的 cupidity貪婪 gorgon丑女 sphinx謎一般的人 iris彩虹 tautalize 逗弄 procrustian強求一致的 debut出次登臺 obession迷惑 glutton貪吃
6笑：deride gibe jeer mock scoff sneer taunt嘲笑chuckle小聲的笑 chortle大聲的笑 guffaw哄堂大笑 simper傻笑 smirk假笑 snicker/snigger竊笑 snort噗嗤一笑 7哭：weep/whimper小哭 wail/wine大哭 howl大哭/大笑
8芳香：aromatic balmy fragrant odoriferous redolednt perfume
9短暫：ephermeral evanescent fleeting momentary meteoric passing temperary transient transitory
10tumor腫瘤 benign良性腫瘤 malignant惡性腫瘤
11長篇指責性演說:diatribe harangue tirade
12辛辣：peppery(中)piquent(褒)pungent(貶)
13教堂系列：niche壁龕< alcove凹室 14小錯：foible peccadillo lapseleer(男?女):ogle(女?男)暗送秋波>-- 16諷刺相關(guān)物:caricature諷刺畫 lampoon諷刺文章 skit諷刺話 doggerel打油詩 limerick 五行打油詩 burlesque滑稽表演pune梅干：plum梅子〉--〈raisn葡萄干：grape葡萄 18逃避：dodge eclude evade shirk sidestep weasel 19揮霍者：profligate prodigal spendthrift wastrel 20狂熱者：zealot fanatic votary partisan 21困境:predicament dilemma quandary 22峽谷:gulley< ravine gorge gulch 23小屋：lodge hut stack shanty hovel冰屋：igloo 茅草屋頂:thatch 24黑話：jargon argot cant 25petrify石化 putrify腐爛 26凝結(jié)：coagulation congeal clot curdle ?cuddle擁抱—〉huddle集成一堆—〉hurdle障礙—〉murdle混亂—〉puddle水坑 Hold on!----------YiningYang 27障礙：barricade barrier encumberance hinderance obstacle obstruction impediment 28公開正式廢除：abrogate repeal rescind 29廢除廢棄：abolish annul invalidate nullify negate revoke scrap 30 欺騙：（普通）inveigle swindle gull beguile(陷阱)decay ensnare entrap (美好結(jié)果)allure tempt entice(色誘)seduce debaush 花言巧語：blandishment cajole coax wheedle 32支點：purchase pivot fulcrum 閑逛：amble saunter stroll 胡亂走：ramble meander wander 34傷害：maul/lacerate 撕裂 mutilate切 maim殘廢 mayhem嚴重傷害罪 macerate浸軟 laminate壓薄 lacinate刺 affliction痛苦 agony/anguish極大痛苦 torment痛苦 twinge心靈上的刺痛 traua身心俱痛 travail艱苦勞動/分娩 35拼接圖案:mosaic:tile/glass/ceramic sampler:stitch barquet:wood patchwork:cloth 36somniferous催眠 somolent想睡 37組成關(guān)系：bone:body/ bracket:shelf /buttress:wall /fraing:building /easel:canvas/girdle:skyscraper/guy:pylon/skeleton:animal/strut:wing/tripod:camera beam木梁girder鋼梁 38戰(zhàn)斗：skirmish 39bout n回合 lout n粗人 rout v大敗 pout v噘嘴 tout v竭力稱贊 40粗人：bour(不敏感的)lout（無教養(yǎng)的）churl（粗魯?shù)模﹜okel（鄉(xiāng)巴佬）41scalpel（解剖刀）:surgeon〉--〈stethoscope(聽診器)：physcian 42 Buck n公鹿，美元v弓背躍起，*反對 43以let為后綴的詞：ringlet卷發(fā) droplet小水滴 booklet小冊子 piglet小豬 44編排關(guān)系： choreography:dance/plot:story/agenda:meeting/syllabus:course/program:concert/ itinerary:trip(journey) 45圍欄：動物 corral:horse /coop:chicken/fold:sheep/pen：pigs 46忠誠：allegiance fealty fidelity loyalty47反對demur:doubt and objection 47粗魯：impudent impertinent indecorous brazen 48冷淡：apathetic phlegmatic impassive indifferent monochalant stolid 49無精打采：lassitude torpor languor lethargy languid tropid lackadaisical 50 51偷偷：正常 lurk:wait/shadow:follow/steal:take/abscond:depart/eavesdrop:listen/secrete(hoard):store(save)/poach:hunt 52放縱：coddle indulge dote spoil pamper humor 53ruby紅寶石 sapphire蘭寶石 turquoise綠寶石 emerald祖母綠 jade翡翠 amethyst紫水晶 rhinestone水晶 54事物及柄： sword:hilt/knife:haft/spear:shaft/pitcher:handle/crank:axle/helve:hatchet 55哲學：ontology本體論 episteology認識論 agnostics不可知論 methodology方法論 metaphysics形而上學 dichotomy二分法 56罪犯：conspirator共謀犯 felon重犯 accomplice同犯 confederate同案犯 abetter教唆犯 principal主犯 accessory從犯 57吝嗇：miser stingy skimpy parsimonious penurious tightfisted 58節(jié)約：frugal thrifty sparing prudent provident 59花花公子：dandy過分好打扮的人 fop過分注重外表的人 libertine放蕩的人 voluptuary沉迷于酒色的人 milksop娘娘腔 漩渦：whirlpool swirl madstorm vortex(大)，eddy（小）61天真:inchoate incipient nascent 63sed前綴：sediment沉淀物 sedate鎮(zhèn)靜的 sedentary久坐的 sedulous勤勉的 sedative鎮(zhèn)靜劑 64武斷：arrogant haughty iimperious overbearing persumptious pontifical supercilious peremptory surly 65即興當場：extemporaneous extemporaryimprovised ipromptu offhand unrehearse adlib 66軍事相關(guān)的詞： 入侵：incursion invade aggression 撤退：retreat部隊：air force空軍 cavalcade騎兵隊伍 cavalry騎兵 infantry步兵 artilley炮兵 armada（古）艦隊 fleet艦隊 軍團：regiment legion 大炮：artillery ordnance canon flak(高射) 進攻方式：feint佯攻 foray/raid突襲 assail/assault/onslaught猛攻 戰(zhàn)斗：skirish 屠殺：carnage massacre hecatomb holocaust 根據(jù)地：foothold 戰(zhàn)略：strategy 戰(zhàn)術(shù)：tactic 狂?。篸ebacle fiasco rout 狂勝：landslide 轉(zhuǎn)折點：watershed 停戰(zhàn)協(xié)定：armistice truce 67對手：adversary antagonist rival opponent foe(兇) 68味道淡：bland（褒）insipid/vapid(貶)boring(事物) 69郁悶：morose saturnine crestfallen downcast melancholy gloomy dispirited doleful 70天使：cherub seraph 71誹謗：asperse caluminate defame malign libel stingmatize traduce vilify 72吵鬧：boisterous clamorous rabunctious rowdy obstreperous vociferous 73狹隘：insular provincial parochial 74虛偽：sanctimonious pharisaic hypocritical hypercritical（吹毛求疵）75水可滲透：passible penetrable permeable pervious porous 76濕透：saturated soaked sodden soggy 77以pel為后綴：dispel驅(qū)散（中間向四周）expel逐出 impel內(nèi)心驅(qū)使 compel外界驅(qū)使 repel擊退,使反感 propel推進 78令人敬畏的: redoubtable awesome formidable 79顯著:redoubtable eminent illustrious 80陳腐的:antiquated banal corny threadbare atale trite stereotyped hackneyed老馬,雇用文人 platitudinal 81極端厭惡：abhor abominate deterst exercrate loathe>dislike contempt 82偏見：bias factional jaundical partical prejudiced tendentious warped prepossessed 83wax n蠟v上蠟 ,使變大，月盈?wane月虧 wax and wane/flow and ebb=vicissitudes盛衰變遷 84無經(jīng)驗的人：A:goosling cub colt greenhorn(動物衍生)B:fledgling stripling sapling（人衍生）85歡樂：froblic frisk gambol rollick 86平靜：equanimity tranquility serenity 87根除，摧毀：devastate annihilate deracinate exterminate extirpate eradicate uproot 88做作：affected artifical mannered pretentious stagy stilted strained theatrical studied 89后綴low:callow adj 未成熟的 fallow adj休閑的 gallows n絞刑架 hallow v視為神圣 sallow adj病黃色 wallow v豬在泥水中打滾，沉溺于 90流蘇：tassel fringe 91說話圓滑：glib mercurial 93隱士：anchorite recluse solitary hermit 94行李：briefcase handbag purse suitcase trunk rucksack 95貓科動物：cat lion tiger couger leopard lynx 96流氓：hooligan(足球)，miscreant ruffian rogue villain 97star?dwarf?neutor?blackhole bigbane大爆炸 這個過程：內(nèi)爆implode 反之 explode 98 早和正常：hieroglyphic : word /papyrus : paper / harpsochord : piano / arada : fleet 99 搖晃與正常：flounder : move / stutter : speak / limp : walk 100消毒：cauterize pasteurize fumigate 101各種刑具:guillotine manacle fetter shackle gallows 102veal小牛肉 venial可以原諒 venal唯利是圖 103肉：bacon熏肉 pork豬肉 veal小牛肉 beaf牛肉 mutton羊肉 venison鹿肉 fillet魚肉 carrion腐肉 scavenger食腐動物 104深奧:abstruse convoluted erudite obscure profound recondite inscrutable 105夸系列：女：seraphic >gorgeous>sexy,hot>bautiful>pretty>got sth有氣質(zhì)>adorable可愛的男：handsome>pretty>aesthetically challenged 106九大行星： 108大口喝：guzzle quaff swill potation 109冥界兩條河：lehe?lethargic昏睡的styx?stygian黑暗的110碎片與完整：filing:metal/ shard:pottery/shaving(sawdust):wood/fragment:bone/crumb:bread 111法庭與法律系列:court(room)法庭 lectern審判席 法官:judge magistrate justice 證人: witness 偽證：perjury證詞：testimony 陪審團：jury 宣判：verdictguilty 有罪 innocent無罪 defend被告 respondent被告（婚姻）corespondent第三者 plantiff原告 suitor原告（婚姻）prosecute公訴 accuse控告 plead辯護 prosecuter公訴人 litigant訴訟當事人（原+ 被）conviction定罪 sentence量刑 precedence先例法 tribunal裁判所113怒：rant glower fume 114gay+lesbion=homosexual 115淫棍：bawdy lascivious lecherous libidinous licentious lewd lubricious prurient salacious 116群：pack:wolf /pride:lions/swarm:ants(bees)/gaggle:geese/school(shool):fish 117新手:neophyte novice rookie tyre 118裁判:referee(大球)，umpire(小球)119大師：mastro（音樂），virtuoso(藝術(shù))，guru(宗教)savant(知識)120小販：hawker huckster peddler vendor 121間歇與正常: interregium:governmenthibernation:activitytruce:warfareintermission:performance 122褶皺:物 pleat:curtain hem:garment olding:cabinet ruffle:shirt 第1課 如果想達到85分以上，詞匯應該錯6個以內(nèi)。 Jump for the sun, at least you land on the moon.目標定的高一點有好處。 4200單詞要求對于4級考試，高三畢業(yè)是1800個單詞。 我喜歡這里： I like here.Right: I like it here.I can succeed.Right: I can do it.I can make it.注意生活中的英語： Nike勝利女神。Just do it.生活中的英語： Did you have a pleasant journey?(這時要用降調(diào)) I am very much frightened because a girl named Monika stands beside me.Oh, thank god!He’s not the president now.(我很害怕)I was just screwed up.(我一團糟)四級考試中常見的考察詞匯的題型： I 押韻題型（押頭韻、押尾韻）； 答案總在相似中，如果有三個一樣，基本上就在其中了。 54.The rain was heavy and _A_ the land was flooded.A consequently B continuously C constantly D consistently continue v.繼續(xù)，連續(xù)； continually adv.時斷時續(xù)地； continuously adv.連續(xù)不斷地。 說不停的咳嗽時，continually是間歇的時斷時續(xù)的咳嗽，continuously是一直不停的咳嗽。 consequently adv.因此，所以；(heavy rain大雨, light rain小雨)constantly adv.始終如一地，連續(xù)發(fā)生地；constant temperature 恒溫 consistently adv.一貫地，一致地； consistent adj.consistent policy 一貫的政策。 36.I hate people who _C_ the end of a film that you haven't seen before.A revise B rewrite C reveal D reverse rewrite v.重寫，改寫； revise vt.修改，修正； reveal vt.揭示，揭露； reverse vt.顛倒，使反轉(zhuǎn)，使反向。(vers是詞根，表示轉(zhuǎn)動；re是前綴，表示向相反方向)42.There were no tickets _D_ for Friday’s performance.A preferable B considerable C possible D available performance n.表演，演出，演奏； perform vt.possible adj.可能的 動詞后加able構(gòu)成形容詞通常表示“可…的” read-> readable accept-> acceptable consider vt.考慮； considerable adj.(數(shù)量或尺寸)相當大(或多)的。 preferable adj.更好的，更可取的； available* adj.可獲得的，可利用的，可支配的。(重點詞) 33.In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _D_ for living expenses.A acceptable B applicable C advisable D available living expenses 生活費； acceptable adj.可接受的； apply vt.申請，應用； applicable adj.可應用的，適當?shù)模线m的； advise vt.建議； advice n.建議； advisable adj.明智的，可取的。 54.It is our _A_ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.A consistent B continuous C considerate D continual achieve unity through peaceful means 通過和平手段取得統(tǒng)一； consistent policy 一貫政策 II 構(gòu)詞法題型(詞的轉(zhuǎn)化，合成，派生)； 構(gòu)成符合形容詞的名詞和數(shù)量詞一律用單數(shù)。(見下面2個例題) 31.Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the _B_ movie could not hold our 1 attention.A three-hours B three-hour C three-hours’ D three-hour’s 267.Professor White wrote a _C_ report yesterday.A two-thousand-words B two-thousands-word C two-thousand-word D two-thousands-words 以ly結(jié)尾的不全是副詞； friendly, lonely, lovely, likely, lively adj.考試中常見的否定前綴： un-、dis-、in-、im- 56._B_ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.A Dislike B Unlike C Alike D Liking like vt.喜歡； dislike vt.不喜歡，厭惡； unlike prep.不象…； alike adj.& adv.同樣的(地)，相象的(地)； liking n.愛好，嗜好； take a liking for喜歡…，對…產(chǎn)生好感。 III近義詞含義比較； 44.There were some _A_ flowers on the table.A artificial B unnatural C false D unreal unreal adj.不真實的(不是真實世界所擁有的，虛幻的)； Ends justify means 不擇手段； false adj.具有欺騙性的，假的，偽造的； false coin/passport/hair，a false tooth/false teeth unnatural adj.不自然的，經(jīng)常用來修飾人的行為舉止，表示做作的，矯揉造作的。 artificial adj.人造人為的 artificial leg 假肢artificial leather 人造皮 genuine leather 真皮 54.When people become unemployed, it is _C_ which is often worse than lack of wages.A laziness B poverty C idleness D inability laziness n.懶惰； poverty n.貧窮； poor adj.貧窮的； idleness n.無事可做(中性，有時也有貶義含義)； inability n.沒有能力，沒有辦法。 69.A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen.They are a thorough _A_.A nuisance B trouble C worry D anxiety invade 進攻，侵略； nuisance n.(具體的)令人討厭的東西； trouble n.煩惱，麻煩，問題； worry n.擔心，發(fā)愁； anxiety n.焦慮。What a nuisance.真是煩。 IV 搭配關(guān)系問題； extent n.程度； to...extent 到達…程度，在…程度之上； extent 只能和to搭配。 object vi.反對； object + to + 動名詞（動詞的ing形式）。 objection n.反對； objection + to + 動名詞（動詞的ing形式）。 V 形相近，意相遠； 65.In Britain, the best season of the year is probably _A_ spring.A late B last C latter D later late adj.晚的，晚于通常時間的； late spring 晚春、暮春； last adj.最后的，最終的； later adj.更晚的（late的比較級）、時間概念后一半的；只適用于表示某個世紀的后半期； The later twentieth century.二十世紀的后一半。 latter adj.（兩者中）后者的； former adj.（兩者中）前者的； 59.Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _B_ in the market.A batteries B bargains C baskets D barrels battery n.電池； bargain n.特價商品； It’s really a bargain.你真會買東西，不是說真便宜。 basket n.籃子； barrel n.桶； wonderful bargain 物美價廉的商品；bargain v.討價還價； 53.Remember that customers don’t _D_ about prices in that city.2 A debate B consult C dispute D bargain-------------------------XXXX-XX------------------------- 41.The bridge was named _A_ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.A after B with C by D from cause 事業(yè)； be named after 以…的名字命名； 42.There were no tickets _D_ for Friday’s performance.A preferable B considerable C possible D available preferable adj.更好的，更可取的； 358._C_ the Revolutionary War, the United States was an English colony.A Inferior to B Superior to C Prior to D Preferable to 具有比較意味的形容詞只要與介詞to搭配即可表示其比較級。super-表示在…上方，超過… inferior adj.低于…的，劣于…的； superior adj.高于…的，優(yōu)于…的； prior adj.在…之前的Revolutionary War 特指美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭；second adj.第二的（含有比較意味，也與to搭配） He is second to none.首屈一指，無與倫比； 30.Cancer is second only _B_ heart disease as a cause of death.A of B to C with D from 43.It wasn't such a good dinner _C_ she had promised us.A that B which C as D what such … that … 如此… 以至于… ； sb + be + ___ + sth 空格處應為能加雙賓語的動詞； 加雙賓語的動詞的用法：動詞 + sb + sth（主動形式）； sb + be + pp + sth（被動形式）； 59.American women were _D_ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.[the right to vote 選舉權(quán)] A ignored B neglected C refused D denied deny v.否認，拒絕；deny sb sth 拒絕給予某人某物； 44.They decided to chase the cow away _C_ it did more damage.A unless B until C before D although 45._B_ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.A Each B Any C Either D One common sense 常識； each 這個詞在英語中強調(diào)的是個體與眾不同的特點； any 這個詞強調(diào)的是很多東西在一起的共性； either 兩者之間任何一個； 31.The medicine is on sale everywhere.You can get it at _C_ chemist’s.A each B some C any D certain 46.All _D_ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A what is needed B for our needs C the thing needed D that is needed 當all作定語從句的先行詞時，從句只能用that來引導； all that = what 47._A_ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A When compared B Compare C While comparing D Comparing 本題的關(guān)鍵是弄清compare與mountain的關(guān)系； when 可以直接加過去分詞； before(after)+ being + 過去分詞； 44.After _A_ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A being interviewed B interviewed C interviewing D having interviewed They lose their health to make money, and they lose their money to restore health.48._C_ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.[專家] A That was from Stephen B It was Stephen whom C It was from Stephen that D It was Stephen that 本題重點是強調(diào)句式； 當被強調(diào)部分指人且在句子中作賓語時，其余部分可用whom引導； 49.If these shoes are too big, ask the clerk to bring you a smaller _D_.A suit B set C one D pair 50.Many new _A_ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.A opportunities B necessities C realities D probabilities 51.He must have had an accident, or he _A_ then.A would have been here B had to be here C should be here D would be here must have + 過去分詞 表示對過去行為的肯定推測； 與過去事態(tài)相反用：情態(tài)動詞 + have + 過去分詞 來體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣； must 一定，必須； needn't, don't have to 不必； 53.You _A_ all those calculations!We have a computer to do that sort of thing.A needn’t have done B must not have done C shouldn’t have done D can not have done should have + 過去分詞 本應該，本應當； shouldn't have done本不應該，本不應當； 44.It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you _D_ it.A mustn’t have done B wouldn’t have done C mightn’t have done D didn’t have to do 52.It was essential that the applications forms _C_ back before the deadline.A must be sent B would be sent C be sent D were sent It be essential that 后面一定用虛擬語氣，且句子謂語動詞固定為(should)+ 動詞原型； It was essential that the applications forms send back before the deadline.53.We _D_ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.A just have had B have just had C just had D had just had when 還可以表示①剛..就…（有動作先后關(guān)系）、②恰在此時； 44.I had just started back for the house to change my clothes _D_ I heard voices.A as B while C after D when 45.I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave, _C_ something occurred which attracted my attention.A unless B until C when D while 46.It was essential that these application forms _D_ back as early as possible.A must be sent B will be sent C are sent D be sent 第2課 非謂語動詞與獨立主格：短語，句子（或者句子，短語） 1.當短語部分有獨立主語，并且該主語不同于句子主語，這時短語結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨立主格。（它最明顯的特點是短語部分有獨立的主語）。 獨立主格的結(jié)構(gòu)1：名詞（代詞）+ 分詞 [現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞] 現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動的，正在進行的行為；過去分詞表示被動的，已經(jīng)完成的行為。作題時要通過判斷動作與名詞（代詞）之間的關(guān)系來確定是使用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞。當動作由名詞（代詞）發(fā)出時使用現(xiàn)在分詞，而名詞（代詞）是受動者時則用過去分詞。 54.Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _B_ it closely.A followed B following C to follow D being followed 49.All things _A_, the planned trip will have to be called off.A considered B be considered C considering D having considered call off 取消； cancel vt.取消； 四級中的考點就是現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別。 獨立主格的結(jié)構(gòu)2：with + 名詞（代詞）+ 分詞 [句子當中作狀語] 36.After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged as well as 和（相當于and）； be encouraged不會考。 動詞不定式有預示將來行為的含義。to be encouraged 將要被鼓勵； been encouraged 已經(jīng)被鼓勵完了，與主句的謂語動詞相對；being encouraged 正在被鼓勵 2.短語部分沒有獨立主語，則短語結(jié)構(gòu)稱為非謂語動詞。 非謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)：分詞（分詞短語） 句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的主語發(fā)出動作，則使用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果動作不是由句子的主語發(fā)出，則使用過去分詞。 43.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed perform vt.表演，演出，演奏； to be performed 將要被演奏； being performed 正在被演奏； 一些特殊的動詞： 第一點：forget 忘記； [反義] remember 記得； 這兩個詞后加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為；這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式表示已經(jīng)做過的事情。 注意：動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣，但含義不同。這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。 forget to do sth.忘記要去做某事； forget doing sth.忘記做過某事； remember to do sth.記得要去做某事； remember doing sth.記得做過某事； 62.I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him offer vt.提出，提供； offer sb.sth./ offer to do sth.him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正確。 動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)：凡是一個動詞的后面可以加動名詞，就可以加動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)。 動作發(fā)出者 + 動名詞；當動作發(fā)出者名字給出時：名詞所有格 + 動名詞；當動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)在文章中出現(xiàn)，且動作發(fā)出者在前文中提過時：形容詞物主代詞（賓格）+ 動名詞。 形容詞物主代詞：his, her, my, your, their, our。代詞賓格：him, her, me, you, us, them。 第二點：want 想要； want to do sth.想做某事； want doing 客觀需要或缺乏。 48.Your hair wants _B_.You'd better have it done tomorrow.A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut 注意：want doing 中doing表示的是被動含義。 18.This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned 第三點：mean 意味； mean to do sth.打算做某事，意欲… ；mean doing 意味著，…的意思是… 25.There's a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble.[reception desk 接待臺] A making B to make C to have made D having made 5-------------------------XXXX-XX-------------------------55.The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected watch 看電視用，看比賽用； see 看電影用； 感官動詞watch, see, hear； 感官動詞 + 名詞（代詞）+ do be erected 強調(diào)的是動作的結(jié)果； being erected 強調(diào)的是動作的過程。 56.The engine _D_ smoke and steam.A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off give up 放棄； give in 屈服，讓步； give off 釋放，放出（煙和氣體）； give away 泄露，走漏風聲；婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程；贈送禮品。 57.The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing keep sb.+ 分詞； inform v.通知，告知； inform sb.of sth.通知某人某件事情 keep me informed 使我被告知。 60.The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A after which B for which C with which D at which fight with sb.（注意要看整個句子）； fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。fight for 為…而戰(zhàn)。 I fight with him.我和他打起來了。I fight with him against her.我和他并肩對付她。 61.I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood.A all in all B above all C after all D over all all in all 總而言之；above all 首先，尤其是；after all 畢竟，終究；overall 全面的，總體的in a word 總之，in short 簡而言之，in conclusion 最后，總之，to sum up總之，總而言之。 62._B_ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now now that 既然，由于（相當于since）； ever since 自從…以來。 與that搭配且后面可以加句子的幾個表達形式： now that 既然，由于； in that 因為； except that 除…之外。 except后面加名詞或代詞；except that后面加句子。 63.What you have done is _D_ the doctor’s orders.A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to be attached to 連接，附屬； This school is attached to Beida.這所學校附屬于北大。 responsible to 對…負有責任； resistant adj.反抗的，抵抗的； water resistant 防水的。 be contrary to 與..相反（相違背）。 64.John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week.A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going regret doing 后悔做過某事； regret to do sth.遺憾的做某事（應用語境非常有限）。 63.We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_.A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice out of work 失業(yè)； out of reach 夠不著 within reach 夠得著； out of practice 缺乏練習。 65.They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward in spite of 盡管； carry on 堅持，繼續(xù)。 66.Mrs.Brown is supposed _A_ for Italy last week.A to have left B to be leaving C to leave D to have been left be supposed to do sth.應該（理應）做某事。 37.He’s watching TV? He’s _D_ to be cleaning his room.A known B considered C regarded D supposed regard as 把…認作 67.My camera can be _B_ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.A treated B adjusted C adopted D remedied treat 對待，處理； I’ll treat you.我請客，應用于真正請客之前。It’s on me.應用于結(jié)帳時。 adjust vt.調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)； adopt vt.收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)； remedy vt.彌補，補救，修正； 68.A new technique _C_, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.A working out B having worked out C having been worked out D to have been worded out yields 產(chǎn)量； work out 作出，推出 關(guān)于百分數(shù)之前介詞的用法 increase to 80 percent 增加到80%（增加到用to） increase by 60 percent增加了60%（表示增加的幅度用by） 55.Between 1974 and 1997, the number of overseas visitors expanded _A_ 27%.A by B for C to D in 69.Children who are over-protected by their parents may become _C_.A hurt B damaged C spoiled D harmed spoil vt.寵壞，溺愛 70.When Mr.Jones gets old, he will _B_ over his business to his son.A take B hand C think D get take over 接管接收； hand over 移交，交出； think over 仔細考慮； get over 克服，戰(zhàn)勝。 -------------------------1991-06------------------------- 41.We had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun, so let’s have _A_ one this month.A another B more C the other D other 不定代詞：1 兩者中的一個用one；另一個則用the other； 2 很多東西中的一個用one； 剩下的所有叫the others； 3 很多東西中的一個用one；剩下的所有里面再拿一個叫another； 在剩下的里面再拿一個還叫another（單數(shù)概念）； 4 很多東西中拿了若干出來用some； 剩下所有叫others； other 后通常要加可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式； more 要用在數(shù)詞的后面 once more 再來一個（用于很不正式的場合）vravo 再來一個（用于正式場合） 44.No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to _A_.A the other B any other C another D other neither 兩者中任意一者都不 42.It was difficult to guess what her _B_ to the news would be.A impression B reaction C comment D opinion reaction n.反應； reaction to 對…作出反應。 43.I decided to go to the library as soon as I _D_.A finish what I did B finished what I did C would finish what I was doing D finished what I was doing as soon as所引導的時間狀語從句與主句的時態(tài)搭配有一種情況是主從句都用一般過去時。 45.We are interested in the weather because it _B_ us so directly what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel.A benefits B affects C guides D effects affect vt.影響； effect n.影響。 46.Will all those _D_ the proposal raise their hands? A in relation to B in contrast to C in excess of D in favor of in relation to 與…相比； in contrast to 與…形成對照； in excess of 超過，超出（一定的限定范圍）； in favor of 贊同，支持。 47.Children are very curious _D_.A at heart B in person C on purpose D by nature at heart 在心理，在內(nèi)心； heart 強調(diào)的是內(nèi)心的感情，mind 強調(diào)的是思維，頭腦，soul 靈魂 in person 親自，本人； on purpose 有意的，故意的； by nature 生性（天性）使然。 48.The match was cancelled because most of the members _A_ a match without a standard court.A objected to having B were objected to have C objected to have D were objected to having 58.The man in the corner confessed to _B_ a lie to the manager of the company.A have told B having told C being told D be told confess v.懺悔； confess to 承認，坦白。 49.The teacher doesn’t permit _C_ in class.A smoke B to smoke C smoking D to have a smoke permit v.允許，準許； permit sb.to do sth.允許某人做某事； permit doing 允許做某事。 -------------------------2000-06------------------------- 21.As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to _D_ it.A postpone B refuse C delay D cancel 22.These books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you _A_ you need.A all the information B all the informations C all of information D all of the informations 23.Not until the game had begun _C_ at the sports ground.A had he arrived B would he have arrived C did he arrive D should he have arrived 24.Young people are not _B_ to stand and look at works of art;they want art they can participate in.[參與，參加] A conservative B content C confident D generous conservative adj.保守的； conservative party 保守黨； content adj.甘愿的，滿足的； confident adj.自信的，有信心的； generous adj.慷慨的，大方的。 25.Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is _C_.A granted B implied C exaggerated D remedied maintain 堅持認為； medium n.媒體單數(shù)，media n.媒體復數(shù)； grant vt.授予，給予； imply vt.隱含，暗示； exaggerate v.夸大，夸張，高估； remedy vt.彌補，補救，修正。 26.These surveys indicate that many crimes go _A_ by the police, mainly because not all victims report them.[victims 受害人] A unrecorded B to be unrecorded C unrecording D to have been unrecorded 27.I have no objection _B_ your story again.[object to + 動名詞] A to hear B to hearing C to having heard D to have heard 28.The clothes a person wears may express his _B_ or social position.A curiosity B status C determination D significance status n.身份，地位； significance n.意義，重要性； 29.By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _D_ opportunity to change his mind.A accurate B urgent C excessive D adequate accurate adj.精確的； urgent adj.緊急的，緊迫的； excessive adj.過多的，過度的； adequate adj.充足的，足夠的。 30.You will see this product _B_ wherever you go.A to be advertised B advertised C advertise D advertising 31.The early pioneers had to _C_ many hardships to settle on the new land.A go along with B go back on C go through D go into go through 經(jīng)歷 32.The suggestion that the major _B_ the prizes was accepted by everyone.A would present B present C presents D ought to present suggestion, suggest 所引導的句子都用虛擬語氣。should +（動詞原形） 34.Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested _B_ at the next town.A to stop B stopping C stop D having stopped suggest + doing也可以 33.Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, _A_ overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.A whose B which C that D what whose指代的就是他前面的male drinkers.35.I didn't know the word.I had to _C_ a dictionary.A look out B make out C refer to D go over look up 查閱； look up a word in a dictionary 在字典中查單詞； reference n.參考書目； reference room 資料室； 36.The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _D_ his arguments in favour of the new theory.[sufficient 充足的，足夠的；grounds 論據(jù)；arguments 論點] A to be based on B to base on C which to base on D on which to base base vt.以…作基礎(chǔ)，基于… which引導從句時，如果從句是介詞結(jié)尾則介詞應在which之前。 on which(he is)to base 37.There are signs _A_ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A that B which C in which D whose sign n.跡象； fact n.事實； evidence n.證據(jù)；后面常加同位語從句來說明具體內(nèi)容。 同位語從句用that（不能省略）引導。 38.I think I was at school, _A_ I was staying with a friend during the vacation when I heard the news.[or else 否則，要不然] A or else B and then C or so D even so 39.It is said that the math teacher seems _A_ towards bright students.A partial B beneficial C preferable D liable partial adj.偏袒的，偏愛的（經(jīng)常與to或towards搭配） 40.In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took _C_ trouble over the figures.[figures 數(shù)目，數(shù)據(jù)；extra 額外的，附加的] A extensive B spare C extra D supreme 41.“I'm sorry.Mr.Williams _A_ to a conference long before then.” A will have gone B had gone C would have gone D has gone 當要表達將來的行為在將來的某時間之前完成用將來完成時，將來完成時結(jié)構(gòu)：will have + p.p.42.You _D_ him so closely;you should have kept your distance.A shouldn't follow B mustn't follow C couldn't' have been following D shouldn't have been following should have + p.p.本應該； shouldn’t have + p.p.本不應該 43.The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, _D_ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.A have allowed B allow C allowing D allows part-time 兼職； full-time 全職； flexible working patterns 彈性工作制； training 培訓； retraining 再培訓； take advantage 利用； 44.Everybody _A_ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.A assembled B accumulated C piled D joined assembled 聚集； secretary 書記。 45.Putting in a new window will _B_ cutting away part of the roof.A include B involve C contain D comprise involve 引起，與…直接有關(guān) 46.Living in the western part of the country has its problems, _C_ obtaining fresh water is not the least.[the least 最高級] A with which B for which C of which D which 42.Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _C_ obtaining water is not the least.[the least 最高級] A for which B to which C of which D in which 47.In the _C_ of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to million.[in the event of 萬一，如果] A face B time C event D course in the face of 面對； in the time of 在…時期； in the course of 在…期間。 48.The manager would rather his daughter _D_ in the same office.A had not worked B not to work C does not work D did not work would rather + 動詞原形； would rather + 句子（用虛擬語氣，句子謂語動詞用一般過去時） 49._D_, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.A Although much he likes her B Much although he likes her C As he likes her much D Much as he likes her 如果用although引導則應改成：Although he likes her very much, … 50.The British constitution is _B_ a large extent a product of the historical events described above.[無論是在空格前還是后，如果出現(xiàn)了名詞extent要找介詞就著to] A within B to C by D at to a large extent 在很大程度上。 第3課 倒裝：倒裝有全部倒裝和部分倒裝。 謂語部分所有單詞都放在主語前是全部倒裝。謂語的一部分放在主語的前面是部分倒裝。 謂語中的一部分通常是指： 1、系動詞； 2、助動詞； 3、情態(tài)動詞。 全部倒裝的五條原則： 1.There be句型（表示有）； 2.以There或now開頭的句子，且句子謂語動詞為come或go； There you go again.你又去那里了。 3.以Here開頭的句子，且句子謂語動詞為系動詞be； Here you are.拿去。 4.以副詞out, in, up, down, away開頭的句子； 在2、3、4前提下，如果句子的主語是代詞則用陳述句語序。 5.以狀語（常見的是地點狀語）開頭的句子。 部分倒裝的六條原則： 1.so放在句首時表示承前肯定，這個句子用部分倒裝； nor, neither放在句首時表示承前否定，句子也用部分倒裝； 2.省略了引導詞if 的虛擬條件從句，可以把從句中的had, should, could, were中的任何一個提到從句最前面的位置，構(gòu)成部分倒裝； 3.as, though表示“盡管”時引導從句，從句中的表語可以置于引導詞之前構(gòu)成部分倒裝； 系動詞后面的部分就是表語，形容詞、名詞、名詞性短語可以置于系動詞之后。 例如：She is beautiful.They are students.四級考試中出現(xiàn)的是由動詞的過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)變的形容詞作表語的形式。 26._B_ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.A Being published B Published C Publishing D To be published 當題干是as引導一個從句，且as前為一個空格時他表示的就是盡管，空格處要填的就是表語。 being published 正在被出版； to be published 將要被出版。 此句恢復正常語序應為： As it was published at such a time … 4.表示否定含義的單詞或短語放在句首，句子用部分倒裝； 常見的一些表示否定含義的單詞：never, little, few, hardly(… when), scarcely(… when)； seldom 難得，不常；nowhere 哪里都不。 常見的一些表示否定含義的短語：in no way 決不； on no account 決不； under no circumstances 在任何情況下都不。 5.only + 狀語放在句首，句子用部分倒裝；（如果only去掉就是全部倒裝） 43.Only under special circumstances _C_ to take make-up tests.A permitted are freshmen B freshmen are permitted C are freshmen permitted D are permitted freshmen freshmen 新生； make up for 彌補，補償； make-up tests 補考（緩考）。 6.注意兩個表達形式：come what may 無論發(fā)生什么情況； say what you will 暢所欲言。 -------------------------1991-06-------------------------強調(diào)句式的補充內(nèi)容：被強調(diào)部分是疑問詞時的情況。 60.When I try to understand _C_ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.A why it does B what it does C what it is D why it is prevent sb.from doing sth.妨礙（阻止）某人做某事。 強調(diào)部分本為： it is what that prevents so many … 又因為句中有疑問詞，應寫為： what is it that prevents so...11 但強調(diào)句式在句中作賓語成分，故正確寫法為： what it is that … 50.I like watching TV _C_ to the cinema.A more than to go B than going C more than going D rather than to go than 除構(gòu)成固定短語外就要與比較級搭配，不會單獨出現(xiàn)； rather than + 動詞原形； 平行結(jié)構(gòu)，遇到平行結(jié)構(gòu)時應做的兩步： 找出連接詞，2 使要填部分與已給出的對應部分形式完全一樣。 51.I appreciate _D_ to your home.A to be invited B to have invited C having invited D being invited appreciate + 動名詞（不能加動詞原形，不能加句子）。 41.I would appreciate _B_ it a secret.A you to keep B your keeping C that you keep D that you will keep your keeping 動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)。you keeping 也是正確的。 52.I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _C_ when judging my examination.A regard B counting C account D observation take sth.into account 考慮。 54.Important people don’t often have much free time as their work _C_ all their time.A take away B take over C take up [占據(jù)] D take in 55.When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon ___ it.A got off B got across C got away D got over got over it 克服戰(zhàn)勝。 56.Many people complain of the rapid _C_ of modern life.A rate B speed C pace D growth pace 節(jié)奏； rapid pace of modern life現(xiàn)在生活快節(jié)奏。 57.San Francisco is usually cool in the summer, but Los Angeles _B_.A is rarely B rarely is C hardly is D is scarcely rarely, usually 都是頻度副詞。通常頻度副詞的位置在系動詞之后，表示實在意思的詞前面。 58.The speaker, _D_ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.A having known B being known C knowing D known know 沒有現(xiàn)在分詞；know 用主動形式時只能和兩個介詞搭配：of, about。 known for 以…而著名。 60.I couldn’t find _A_, and so I took this one.A a large enough coat B an enough large coat C a large coat enough D a coat enough large enough 修飾形容詞時要放到形容詞后面。 61.I always _B_ what I have said.A get to B hold to C lead to D see to 本題所有選項中的to都是介詞，其后加動詞動名詞的形式。 hold to 堅守，信守； see to 負責做，處理，照料（后面加的都是某件事情，不加人） 62.No sooner had we reached the top of the hill _C_ we all sat down to rest.A when B then C than D until no sooner … than 一…就… 63.Evidence came up _C_ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.A what B which C that D whose evidence 證據(jù)、sign 跡象、fact 事實，后面都要帶同位語從句，且從句用that引導。 64.He moved away from his parents, and missed them _A_ enjoy the exciting life in New York.[too … to，太…而不能…] A too much to B enough to C very much to D much so as to 65.He was _C_ of having asked such a silly question.A sorry B guilty C ashamed D miserable guilty adj.有罪的； be ashamed of 因…而羞愧（不好意思）的； miserable adj.悲慘的。 66.The last time we had a family reunion was _B_ my brother's wedding ceremony four years ago.A in B at C during D over ceremony n.典禮，儀式。要表達在某典禮（儀式）上用介詞at。 at the graduation ceremony 在畢業(yè)典禮上。 67.What _A_ would happen if the director knew you felt that way? A do you suppose B you suppose C will you suppose D you would suppose do you supposed 常做插入語。 68._D_ the advances of science, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.[despite prep.盡管； as for 關(guān)于，至于] A As for B Besides C Except D Despite 69.How close parents are to their children _B_ a strong influence on the character of the children.A have B has C having D to have influence on 對…造成影響，很大的影響中形容詞用的是strong。 70.He _A_ when the bus came to a sudden stop.A was almost hurt B was hurt himself C was to hurt himself D was hurting himself hurt oneself 自殘； be to + 動詞原形，將要做某事； -------------------------1993-06------------------------- 41.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy _C_ for her examination.A to prepare B to be prepared C preparing D being prepared be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 42.Five minutes earlier, _A_ we could have caught the last train.A and B but C or D an order and 在這里表示一種結(jié)果，翻譯成“那么（和）”。只有兩種情況下and才會這樣翻譯： 1.省略句 ＋ and + 句子； 2.祈使句 ＋ and + 句子。 47.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _B_ advertisements showing happy balanced families.A are often seeing B will often see C often see D have often seen 43.I cannot give you _D_ for the type of car you sell because there is no demand for it in the market.A an expense B a charge C a purchase D an order order n.定購，訂單； purchase n.購買。 45.By the end of this month, we surely _C_ a satisfactory solution to the problem.A have found B will be finding C will have found D are finding 如果一個句子的時間狀語是由by引導的，則時態(tài)要選擇完成時態(tài)。 將來的行為在將來的某個時間之前就已完成用將來完成時。 solution to a problem 一個問題的解決方案。 46.Mr.Wilson said that he did not want to _A_ any further responsibilities.A take on B get on C put up D look up take on 承擔； take on responsibility 承擔責任。 47.Having no money but _B_ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.A not to want anyone B not wanting anyone C wanted no one D to want no one dinner n.正餐（多指晚餐）； supper n.夜宵，晚餐； breakfast n.早餐； lunch n.午餐； brunch n.早午餐。[but前后的句子要平衡] 48.We desire that the tour leader _A_ us immediately of any change in plans.A inform B informs C informed D has informed desire v.要求，表要求時后面加句子要用虛擬語氣，(should)+ 動詞原形。 其他同樣用法的詞還有ask, demand, request, require.49.Not _B_, the process of choosing names varies widely from culture to culture.A obviously B surprisingly C particularly D normally not surprisingly 一點也不奇怪。vary vi.變化。 vary from … to … 從一種形式變化到另一種形式。vary between … and … 在兩者之間進行變化。 29.Features such as height, weight, and skin color _B_ from individual to individual and from face to face.A change B vary C alter D convert individual n.個人，個體； individualism n.個人主義。 44.The hope, goals, fears and desires _D_ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.A alter B shift C transfer D vary 50.A man escaped from the prison last night.It was a long time _A_ the guards discovered what had happened.A before B until C since D when It + 系動詞 + 一段時間 + before引導的句子 在…之前花費多少時間。 54.Scientists say it may be five or ten years _D_ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A since B when C after D before 51.In the experiment we kept a watchful eye _D_ the developments and recorded every detail.[keep a watchful eye on 密切主意，留神] A in B at C for D on 52.There's little chance that mankind would _D_ a nuclear war.A retain B endure C maintain D survive retain vt.保持，保留； endure v.忍受； maintain vt.維持，保持，堅持認為； survive vi.生存； vt.活過 …（賓語為某種災難）。survive a flood 活過一場洪水。 前綴sur表示過 …，外，超； vive 表示生活，強調(diào)活著。 54.They usually have less money at the end of the month than _C_ at the beginning.A which is B which was C they have D it is less … than句子前后要平衡結(jié)構(gòu)。 55.In the course of a day students do far more than just _A_ classes.14 A attend B attended C to attend D attending far more than 遠遠多于，遠不止于；也要句子前后平衡結(jié)構(gòu)。 56.The French pianist [n.鋼琴師] who had been praised very highly _C_ to be a great disappointment.A turned up B turned in C turned out D turned down turn up 后面不加賓語表示出現(xiàn)，后面加賓語表示將聲音調(diào)高，調(diào)大； turn in + 賓語 上繳，交出； turn down 將聲音調(diào)低，調(diào)??；拒絕； refuse sb.指直接的回絕； turn sb.down 則指委婉的拒絕； turn out + 動詞不定式 最終證明是，結(jié)果是。 57.Many difficulties have _B_ as a result of the change over to a new type of fuel.A risen B arisen C raised D arrived 因本句未加賓語，估不應選不及物動詞，可排除C項； arrive vi.到達，抵達； rise vi.升起，升高（側(cè)重指旗幟或太陽升起）；數(shù)量的增高（側(cè)重指水位、價位）； the sun rises in the east and sets in the west 太陽東升西落。 arise vi.升起，升高，出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生（經(jīng)常與抽象名詞聯(lián)用）。 69.A completely new situation will _B_ when the examination system comes into existence.A arise B rise C raise D arouse 33.Last year the advertising rate _D_ by 20 percent.A raised B aroused C arose D rose 58.He made such a _D_ contribution to the university that they are naming one of the new buildings after him.A genuine B minimum C modest D generous name after 以…的名字來命名。genuine adj.真正的，貨真價實的； genuine leather 真皮； minimum adj.最低的，最小的； modest adj.謙虛謹慎的，適度的； generous adj.慷慨的，慷慨大方的（修飾貢獻等用這個）。 59.Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others, _D_, of course, made the others jealous.A who B that C what D which which在這里是引導非限定性定語從句，which引導非限定性定語從句有2個特點： 1.which前面有逗號與其他句子分開。2.which指的是前面整句話的內(nèi)容。 as也可以引導非限定性定語從句，指的都是一句話的內(nèi)容。 which指一句話的內(nèi)容只能置于該句之后，而as既可以在后也可以在前。 67._C_ is known to the world, Mark Twain is great American writer.A That B Which C As D It 60.In the advanced course students must take performance tests at monthly _B_.A gaps B intervals C length D distance interval n.間隔（即可指空間間隔，也可指時間間隔），四級考試中專考時間間隔的概念。 interval是固定與介詞at搭配的。 23.Students or teachers can participate in excursions to lovely beaches around the island at regular _D_.A gaps B rate C length D intervals at regular rate 以規(guī)則的速度； at regular interval 以規(guī)則的時間間隔； 61.Mr.Johnson preferred _A_ heavier work to do.A to be given B to be giving C to have given D having given 64.Our company decided to _D_ the contract because a number of the conditions in it had not been met.A destroy B resist C assume D cancel 65.She is _C_ a musician than her brother.A much of B much as C more of D more as be of 具有某種性質(zhì)、品質(zhì)或特點； 66.Having been found guilty, the man was given a severe _B_ by the judge.A service B sentence C crime D crisis sentence n.判決，判刑； crisis n.危機； economic crisis 經(jīng)濟危機； 68.The residents, _C_ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.A all their homes B all whose homes C all of whose homes D all of their homes 當給出了句子的主語，且后面有兩部分謂語動詞，這兩部分謂語動詞之間又沒有連接詞，時態(tài)也不同時，離主語近的謂語動詞應為從句的組合成分。 69.You can't afford to let the situation get worse.You must take _D_ to put it right.A decisions B directions C sides D steps take steps 采取措施，采取行動； take measures 采取措施； 70.Look at the terrible situation I am in!If only I _B_ your advice.A follow B had followed C would follow D have followed if only 如果，要是...就好了，其后面的句子一定要用虛擬語氣。 1.如果if only后面的句子表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼氖聦嵪喾矗@時謂語動詞用一般過去時體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣。 2.如果if only后面的句子表示與過去的事實相反，這時謂語動詞用過去完成時體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣。 47.If only the committee _D_ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible A approve B will approve C can approve D would approve 如果if only后面的句子表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼氖聦嵪喾矗@時謂語動詞用一般過去時，也可以用would + 動詞原形。 -------------------------1995-06------------------------- 42.Mark often attempts to escape _C_ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A having been fined B to have been fined C being fined B to be fined escape + 動名詞。 44.It is recommended that the project _A_ until all the preparations have been made.A not be started B will not be started C is not started D is not to be started recommend vt.推薦，建議，后面加句子要用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞的形式：(should)+ 動詞原形 45.I wish I _D_ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.A have slept B slept C might have slept D could have slept wish 后面的句子要用虛擬語氣，表示與過去事實相反用：情態(tài)動詞 + have + 動詞過去分詞。 might經(jīng)常被翻譯成或許。 46.We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _D_ him.A had telephoned B must have telephoned C would telephone D would have telephoned otherwise, or等表示“否則”的詞，后面句子都要用虛擬語氣。 48.While people may refer to television for up-to-minute news [最新的消息], it is unlikely that television _A_ the newspaper completely.16 A will replace B have replaced C replace D replaced 49.An Olympic Marathon [馬拉松] is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately [大約] _B_ from Marathon to Athens [雅典].A distance B the distance C is the distance D the distance is 50.You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from _D_ to suspend your tent.A there B them C where D which 介詞 + which + 動詞不定式(to do sth.)整體做定語。 本句可改寫為：You will want two tress about ten feet apart, to suspend your tent from.只要見到有介詞出現(xiàn)在空格之前，而選項中有which, them, there, where等詞則應選which。 51.As I was just getting familiar with this job, I had _C_ to ask my boss.A many B most C much D more 當many沒有修飾任何其他詞而單獨出現(xiàn)時表示很多人。much在這里相當于many things。 52._A_ quite recently, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home.A Until B Before C From D Since until recently 直到最近； not surprisingly 一點也不奇怪。 53.The survival of civilization as we know it is _C_ threat.A within B towards C under D upon under threat 受到威脅。 55.In some countries, _D_ is called “equality” [平等] does not really mean equal rights for all people.A which B one C that D what that可以引導主語從句，但只做引導詞而不充當任何成分。 56.I walked too much yesterday and _A_ are still aching now.A my leg muscles B my muscles of leg C my leg's muscles D my muscles of the leg 英語中一個名詞修飾另外一個名詞時第一個名詞要用單數(shù)。apple trees, eye drops 57.Radio, television and press _B_ of conveying news and information.A are the most three common means B are the three most common means C are the most common three means D are three the most common means 幾個詞修飾一個名詞時修飾詞的順序應為：1.定冠詞the應該放在最前面（離名詞最遠）的位置； 2.數(shù)詞應放在第二位；3.最后考慮其他形容詞。 58.Liquids are like solids _C_ they have a definite volume.A with that B for that C in that D at that 三個與that的搭配的表達形式：now that, in that [因為], except that。 59.When a fire _C_ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.A broke off B broke down C broke out D broke up break out（火災、戰(zhàn)爭）突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)； 60.The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of money could _D_.[make up for 彌補] A stand up to B put up with C come up with D make up for 61.Then the speaker _B_ the various factors leading to the present economic crisis.A went after B went into C went for D went on go after 追求，設(shè)法得到； go into 談論，敘述； go for 襲擊/支持； go on 繼續(xù)。 62.The students was just about to _C_ the questions, when suddenly he found the answer A arrive at B submit to C give up D work out 63.When there are small children around, it is necessary to put bottles of pills out of _B_.A hand B reach C hold D place out of reach 夠不著； within reach 夠得找。 64.The _D_ of blood always makes him feel sick.A form B look C view D sight form n.形式，形狀； view n.風景，景色/視野，視域； look 指的是主觀有意識的看； sight n.看見，瞥見（不強調(diào)主客觀）。 66.Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as _B_ sickness A normal B ordinary C average D regular sickness of mind 精神?。?normal adj.正常的； average adj.平均的，中等水平的； regular adj.有規(guī)律的，規(guī)則的； ordinary sickness 一般性疾病。 68.Although he had looked through all the reference material on the subject, he still found it hard to understand this point and her explanation only _C_ to his confusion.A extended B amounted C added [add to 增加] D turned 70.It took him several months to ___ the wild horse.A tend B cultivate C tame D breed tame vt.馴服； breed 強調(diào)的是繁殖，側(cè)重指大批量的繁殖。 It take sb.sometime to do sth.做某事花了某人多少時間。 第4課 主謂一致：指的就是給出主語，要求判斷謂語動詞是用單數(shù)還是復數(shù)的問題。 一、就近原則： 指句子的主語由兩部分單詞或短語構(gòu)成時，由離謂語動詞近的那部分主語來決定謂語動詞的單復數(shù)。 只有當以下單詞或短語連接主句的兩部分時就近原則才適用： 1.or 或者； 2.either … or … 不是…就是…，…或… ； 3.neither … nor … 既不…也不… ； 4.not only … but also … 不但…而且… ； 5.not … but … 不是…而是… 例如：主語1 or 主語2 謂語動詞。此時由主語2決定謂語動詞。 10._C_ either he or his accountants going to claim for the loss? A Are B Where C Is D Does 如果題目改變?yōu)椋篍ither he or his accountants ___ going … 則應選A 二、句子謂語動詞一定用復數(shù)的兩種情況： 1.集合名詞做主語，集合名詞沒有復數(shù)形式，因為他本身就代表一個復數(shù)概念。 常見的幾個復合名詞： people 人民，人們； police 警察； cattle 牛； poultry 家禽。 2.表示數(shù)量的復數(shù)名詞 + 不可數(shù)名詞，整體做主語時 例如：去年出口了八百萬頓煤。Eight million tons of coal were exported last year.三、謂語動詞一定用單數(shù)的六種情況： 1.句子的主語是由從句充當?shù)?、動詞不定式短語作主語、動名詞短語作主語； 2.表示時間、重量、長度、價值四方面的詞做主語； 399.--“How many days?” 0--“Did you say that five days _C_ required to complete that work?” A are B were C was D is 3.表示單數(shù)概念的主語，短語，謂語動詞，此時謂語動詞也用單數(shù)； 因為此結(jié)構(gòu)中短語只是對主語提供附加說明情況，所以謂語動詞也用單數(shù)。 當以下這些標志性的介詞或介詞短語出現(xiàn)在此結(jié)構(gòu)中時可以不管中間的附加說明情況： with, together with, like, except, besides, in addition to, rather than, as well as 注意：表示復數(shù)概念的主語，短語，謂語動詞，此時謂語動詞應用復數(shù)。 4.each, every, either, some, any, no，由以上六個詞中任何一個所構(gòu)成的復合代詞作主語時； some經(jīng)常構(gòu)成的三個復合代詞：something, somebody, someone； no經(jīng)常構(gòu)成的三個復合代詞：nothing, nobody, no one； either of + 短語； 5.通常由and連接兩部分這種形式做主語謂語動詞要用復數(shù)，但在以下兩種情況下則應用單數(shù)； 1> and連接的兩部分指的是同一事物； 2> and連接的兩部分被no, each, every中任何一個詞修飾時； 例如：每位男士和女士都要著裝得體。be supposed to do sth.理應，應該做某事。 Every man and every woman is supposed to dress properly.11.Many an airplane _B_ in the exhibition.A are shown B has been shown C has shown D show them many a(an)很多，相當于many； many a(an)+ 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，做主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 6.many a(an)+ 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 9.Not only Joan but her sisters _B_ the combination to the safe which contains the list of the family securities.A have known B know C knows D is knowing not only … but also … 的一種變形形式，not only … but … 另一種變形形式not only … but … as well combination n.密碼； combination to the safe 保險箱密碼； securities有價證券。 -------------------------2000-01------------------------- 41.She ought to stop work;she has a headache because she _A_ too long.A has been reading B had read C is reading D read had read 過去完成時要與一般過去時搭配。 has been reading 現(xiàn)在完成進行時：指某行為從過去一點到現(xiàn)在一直在進行。 42.Niagara Falls is a great tourist _B_, drawing millions of visitors every year.A attention B attraction C appointment D arrangement tourist attraction 旅游勝地； attention n.注意力； appointment n.委任的職位，約會； date n.日期，約會，棗；表示約會時指的是異性之間的私人約會。arrangement n.布置，安排 blind date 兩人第一次見面的約會。appointment 指公事性質(zhì)的，比較正式的約會。 43.I don't mind _B_ the decision as long as it is not too late.A you to delay making B your delaying making C your delaying to make D you delay to make mind 后要加動名詞； delay v.耽擱，延誤（后面也要加動名詞） 45.Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it _A_ in Cuba.A being cultivated B been cultivated C having cultivated D cultivating 46.The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience _C_ on benches, chairs or boxes.19 A having seated B seating C seated D having been seated 注意：seat是及物動詞，及物動詞用主動形式，后面要直接加賓語。 Be seated please.請坐。英語中只有及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)。 47.This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen _B_ comfortably.A is worn B wears C wearing D are worn 當wear表穿戴時，而句子的主語是被穿戴的東西時，wear是不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)。 65.The coming of the railways in the 1830s _A_ our society and economic life.A transformed B transported C transferred D transmitted 字根trans在四級中著重考的含義是“從一個地方到另一個地方”。 transform 改革，變革，改變； transport 運輸； transfer 轉(zhuǎn)移，移動； transmit 傳送，播送；疾病的傳染，傳播； transplant 移植。 48.Some diseases are _D_ by certain water animals.A transplanted B transformed C transported D transmitted 49.Wouldn't you rather your child _B_ to bed early? A go B went C would go D goes would rather的兩種用法：1 would rather + 動詞原形； would rather + 句子（句子謂語動詞用一般過去時體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣）。 50.Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders _B_ will happen to her private life.[wonder后面要加疑問詞] A that B what C it D this 51.The words of his old teacher left a _C_ impression on his mind.He is still influenced by them.[lasting adj.持久的，永久的； liberal adj.開明的，心胸開闊的] A long B lively C lasting D liberal 52.Mike's uncle insists _D_ in this hotel.A staying not B not to stay C that he would not stay D that he not stay insist的兩種用法：1 insist on … 堅持，堅決要求； insist + that引導的從句（從句謂語動詞為[should] + 動詞原形） 53.We agree to accept _D_ they thought was the best tourist guide.A whatever B whomever C whichever D whoever they thought是插入語，可以不看； tourist guide 導游。 56.Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful _C_ it forces people to test relative merits of their attitudes and behaviors.A by which B to which C in that D so that 句子的意思是：如果沖突以后能回家反省一下自己是好事情。 in that 因為； conflict n.沖突； relative merits 相比較而言的優(yōu)點； so that 以至于。 57.He is _A_ about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year.A optimistic B optional C outstanding D obvious optimistic adj.樂觀的； pessimistic adj.悲觀的； be optimistic about 對…持樂觀態(tài)度。 optional adj.隨意的，任選的，非強制性的； optional courses 選修課； outstanding adj.卓越的，杰出的； obvious adj.明顯的。 58.Sometimes I wish I _B_ in a different time and a different place.A be living B were living C would live D would have lived wish后加的句子一定要用虛擬語氣。 與現(xiàn)在事實相反，wish后的句子經(jīng)常用一般過去時來體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣。 59.The director was critical _C_ the way we were doing the work.A at B in C of D with be critical of 對...愛挑剔的，批評。 60.In a sudden _B_ of anger, the man tore up everything within reach.A attack B burst C split D blast within reach 夠得著； out of reach 夠不著； burst 爆發(fā)，迸發(fā)； burst可以與很多詞語搭配表示突然發(fā)作： 能與人的情緒（喜、怒、哀、樂）搭配； 2 能與掌聲、笑聲搭配。 61._D_ she realized it was too late to go home.A No sooner it grew dark than B Hardly did it grow dark that C Scarcely had it grown dark than D It was not until dark that no sooner在句首時句子要用部分倒裝；hardly要與when搭配；scarcely也要與when搭配。 62.In Britain people _C_ four million tons of potatoes every year.A swallow B dispose C consume D exhaust swallow 吞，咽； dispose 去掉，處理，安排； consume 消費，消耗； consumer 消費者； exhaust 將資源消耗殆盡；如果與人在一個句子中搭配則表示使人精疲力竭。 63.I'd _A_ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.A take into account B account for C make up for D make out take into account 考慮； make up for 彌補，補償。 65.She cooked the meat for a long time so as to make it _D_ enough to eat.A mild B slight C light D tender mild adj.不辣的； hot adj.辣的； extra hot 極辣的； light adj.清淡的，容易消化的；蛋糕點心等松軟的； muffin n.松餅； slight adj.輕微的，少量的； tender adj.肉嫩的。 steak n.牛排；rare 三成熟的；medium 七成熟的；well-done 全熟的；medium rare 五成熟。 66.We take our skin for granted until it is burned _A_ repair.A beyond B for C without D under take sth.for granted 把什么事當成理所當然的而不重視； beyond prep.超出 … 的范圍。 67.The computer revolution may well change society as _C_ as did the Industrial Revolution.A certainly B insignificantly C fundamentally D comparatively certainly 當然的，確定無疑的（主觀思想較濃厚）； insignificantly 沒有意義的，無足輕重的； comparatively 相比較而言的； fundamentally 根本性的，從本質(zhì)上來說。 68._C_ in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing.A To look at B Looking at C Looked at D To be looked at 70.Some women _D_ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.A must make B should have made C would make D could have made for the sake of為了… ；為了…的利益； 與過去事實相反時用：情態(tài)動詞 + have + 動詞過去分詞； should have + 動詞過去分詞，表示本應該…-------------------------1997-06-------------------------32.You cannot be _B_ careful when you drive a car.A very B too C so D enough cannot too 在…也不為過，越…越好。 34.Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to _A_ the color of his skin.[regardless of 不管，不顧] A regardless of B in the light of C by virtue of D with the exception of 35.Housewives who do not go out to work feel they are not working to their full _B_.A strength B capacity C length D possibility strength n.力量，體力，實力； capacity n.才能，才智（能力方面）。 38.The old couple decided to _C_ a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.A adapt B bring C adopt D receive 39.The government is trying to do something to _D_ better understanding between the two countries.A raise B increase C heighten D promote promote better understanding 增進理解。 40.The newspaper did not mention the _A_ of the damage caused by the fire.A extent B level C range D quantity extent作核心名詞，表示到…程度了，介詞用to。 41.The soldier was _A_ of running away when the enemy attacked.A accused B charged C scolded D punished be accused of 被指控，被職責； be charged with 被指控。 42.Had he worked harder, he _D_ the exams.A must have got through B could get through C would get through D would have got through had he worked harder(虛擬語氣)= if he had worked harder … 與過去事實相反用：情態(tài)動詞 + have + 動詞的過去分詞。 45.It seems oil _B_ from this pipe for some time.We'll have to take the machine apart to put it right.A had leaked B has been leaking C leaked D is leaking for + 一段時間，做時間狀語，謂語動詞用完成時態(tài)。過去完成時要與一般過去時搭配。 46.When he arrived, he found _C_ the aged and the sick at home.A nothing but B none other C none but D no other than 形容詞前加the表示一類人。none but 只有，僅有。 47.The pressure _B_ causes Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain.A competing B to compete C to be competed D having competed the right to vote 選舉權(quán)。動詞不定式作后置定語要用主動形式。 the pressure to compete 競爭的壓力。 49.As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think _C_.A have to be said B must say C ought to be said D need to say 50.Once environmental damage _A_, it takes many years for the system to recover.A is done B is to do C does D has done 51.Studies show that the things that contribute most to a sense of happiness cannot be bought, _B_ a good family life, friendship and work satisfaction.A as for B such as C in case of D in view of contribute to 對…做出貢獻。 52.He will agree to do what you require _D_ him.A for B from C to D of require sth.of sb.要求某人做某事。 53.The mere fact _A_ most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.A that B which C what D why fact后面要加同位語從句。 54.John seems nice person._C_, I don't trust him.A Even though B Therefore C Even so D Though even so 即便如此，盡管如此。 55.I don't think it advisable that Tom _A_ to the job since he has no experience.A be assigned B will be assigned C is assigned D has been assigned advisable后面加句子要用虛擬語氣，形式為：（should）+ 動詞原形。 56._D_, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A Other things to be equal B Were other things equal C To be equal to other things D Other things being equal B項如果不省略if應為：If other things were equal 如果從句用虛擬語氣，主句也必須用虛擬語氣形式。 other things being equal 在這里是獨立主格做條件狀語。 57._C_ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.A For B Since C Now D Despite 注意以下三個后面加句子的表達形式： in that 由于，因為； 2 now that 既然，由于； 3 except that 除了…之外。 59.By 1929, Mickey Mouse was as popular _B_ children as Coca-Cola.A for B with C to D in be popular with + 人的群體 受…歡迎。 60.Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he _A_ his opinion.A stuck to B strove for C stuck at D stood for be convinced of 深信，確信； stick to 堅持； strive for 力求，拼命爭取。 Don’t strive for perfection.不要凡是都力求達到完美狀態(tài)。 -------------------------XXXX-XX-------------------------48.It’s no use _B_ me not to worry.A you tell B your telling C for you to have told D having told It's no use + 動名詞。動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)，賓格（形容詞性物主代詞）+ 動名詞。 52.If it _A_ too much trouble, I’d love a cup of tea.A isn’t B wasn’t C weren’t D hadn’t been 一般日常用語，用一般時。 56.She was glad that her success would ___ for the women who would follow.A make things easier B make it easier C be easier D be easier to make make for 導致，促成；朝某個方向前進，走向那里。 不要選有代詞指代不明的選項。A項中的things指的是境況，境遇。 60.We object _C_ punishing a whole group for one person’s fault.A against B about C to D for 68.The newest satellite can _A_ a thousand telephone conversations and a color TV program at the same time.A carry B extend C bring D take carry vt.傳送，傳輸； extend vt.延伸，延續(xù)（extend to 延伸到，延續(xù)到）。 fetch vt.去拿來，去請來，去叫來； fetch water 打水。 -------------------------1995-01------------------------- 41.The grey building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spare parts _B_.[spare parts零部件] A are producing B are produced C produced D being produced 48._A_ a teacher in a university, it is necessary to have at least a master's degree.A To become B Become C One become D On becoming master's degree 碩士學位； 當介詞on后面加動詞ing形式時表示時間概念“在…之后”。 49.The little man was _C_ more than one metre fifty tall.A nearly B quite C hardly D almost hardly more than 不足，不到。 36.The little man was _B_ one metre fifty high.A almost more than B hardly more than C nearly more than D as much as 53.Medical care reform has become this country's most important public health _C_.A question B stuff C matter D issue matter 事物，事情； question 有疑而問，并且有待回答的問題； questions and answers Q & A 問與答； issue n.問題（強調(diào)的是政治方面的問題）。 1999年前，臺灣問題Taiwan issue；1999年后，臺灣問題Taiwan question，態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變。 60.If you don't like to swim, you _B_ stay at home.A should as well B may as well C can as well D would as well may as well 還是，到不如。 70.They are teachers and don't realize _A_ to start and run a company.A what it takes B what takes it C what they take D what takes them start and run a company 創(chuàng)立并經(jīng)營一家公司。 -------------------------1996-06------------------------- 23.A healthy life is frequently thought to be _D_ with the open countryside and homegrown food.A tied B bound C involved D associated be involved with 牽涉，卷入； be associated with 與...相關(guān)，聯(lián)系起來。 homegrown food 自家種的食品； wine 葡萄酒； house wine 自家的酒。 33.The traditional approach _A_ with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems.A to dealing B in dealing C dealing D to deal approach n.方式，方法； approach to + 動名詞。 43.It's already 5 o'clock now.Don't you think it's about time _C_? A we are going home B we go home C we went home D we can go home it's about time后面加句子，要用一般過去時來體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣。 44.Lightning is a _A_ of electrical current from a cloud to the ground or from one cloud to another.[Lightning n.閃電] A rush B rainbow C rack D ribbon rush n.沖撞，沖擊，撞擊； rainbow n.彩虹，幻想； rack n.支架，掛架； ribbon n.緞帶，絲帶，絨帶。 46.I've already told you that I'm going to buy it, _A_.A however much it costs B however does it costs much C how much does it cost D no matter how it costs however在這里不表示轉(zhuǎn)折，而是句子的引導詞，這種情況下它相當于：no matter how。 意思是，我已經(jīng)決定要買了，不管多少錢。 47.New York _A_ second in the production of apples, producing 850,000,000 pounds this year.[rank 排名，名列第幾，強調(diào)名列前茅；Big Apple 紐約] A ranked B occupied C arranged D classified 第5課 虛擬語氣 一、虛擬語氣的規(guī)則用法： 1主、從句都表示與過去事實相反： 從句的謂語動詞用：had + 動詞過去分詞； 主句的謂語動詞用：情態(tài)動詞 + have + 動詞過去分詞。 注意：能用于虛擬語氣的情態(tài)動詞只有四個：should, could, would, might.使用哪一個情態(tài)動詞要由句子含義決定，考試中出現(xiàn)最多的是could, would.2 主、從句都表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反： 從句的謂語動詞用：動詞過去式（如果是be則只能用were） 主句的謂語動詞用：情態(tài)動詞 + 動詞原形。主、從句都表示與將來事實相反： 從句的謂語動詞用：were to + 動詞原形（重點）、should + 動詞原形、動詞過去式； 主句的謂語動詞用：情態(tài)動詞 + 動詞原形。 二、虛擬語氣的特殊應用： would rather + 句子，這時句子謂語動詞用一般過去時來體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣。if only 如果，要是...就好了，if only + 句子，這時句子一定要用虛擬語氣。 有兩種形式可以體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣： a.如果該句子如果表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦嵪喾?，謂語動詞用一般過去時。 b.如果該句子如果表示與過去事實相反，謂語動詞用過去完成時。 70.Look at the terrible situation I am in!If only I _B_ your advice.A follow B had followed C would follow D have followed 47.If only the committee _D_ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible A approve B will approve C can approve D would approve 注意：當if only后的句子表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦嵪喾矗撚脛釉~過去式來表示虛擬語氣，而選項中又沒有時，可以采用這種形式：would + 動詞原形。當以下動詞后加句子時，句子應用虛擬語氣，句子謂語動詞的形式是：（should）+ 動詞原形。 a.表示建議、提議的：suggest, advise, propose, recommend, move.[move只有在表達在會議上提出提議時后面加虛擬語氣] b.表示要求的：ask, demand, require, request, desire.c.表示指揮、命令的：order, command, direct.d.表示堅持，堅持認為的：insist.25 4 it is + 第三點中動詞的過去分詞 + that引導的從句。 這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)中從句謂語動詞形式為：（should）+ 動詞原形。 以下幾個形容詞置于該結(jié)構(gòu)中時也要用相同的形式來體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣： important, necessary, essential, obligatory（有義務的，強制性的，必須的）。第三點中動詞相應的名詞形式 + that引導從句，該從句同樣要用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞形式為：（should）+ 動詞原形。 經(jīng)常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的詞有：suggestion, advice, proposal, recommendation, motion.6 以下一些表達方式所在的句子一定要用虛擬語氣。 or(表示否則), otherwise, unless, but for(若不是，若非) 當遇到含有以上四個表達方式的句子時，先要判斷該句是表示與現(xiàn)在、過去、還是將來事實相反，然后依照相應的虛擬語氣規(guī)則用法的形式來確定句子結(jié)構(gòu)。 含有下面三個表達方式的句子體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣的形式是固定的： lest(以免，防備), for fear that(惟恐), on condition that(在..條件下)它們后面句子的謂語動詞的形式都是：（should）+ 動詞原形。it is time 是...的時候了。 這個結(jié)構(gòu)有以下兩種變形形式，所用虛擬語氣形式都一樣：it is high time / it is about time.這三個結(jié)構(gòu)后面加的句子謂語動詞都用一般過去時來體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣。注意以下兩種情況下should + 動詞原形中should不能省略。 這里should表示一種語氣，經(jīng)常被翻譯成“竟然”。 a.四個動詞：think, believe, expect, suspect.它們的否定或者疑問形式后面加句子，句子謂語動詞用：should + 動詞原形，should不能省略。 I don't believe that he should be cheated.我不相信他也會被騙。 b.it is a pity, it is a shame 真遺憾，it is strange 真怪 以上三個結(jié)構(gòu)后面加的句子謂語動詞用：should + 動詞原形，should不能省略。 錯綜時態(tài)的虛擬語氣 錯綜時態(tài)的虛擬語氣即指主句和從句在表達是與什么時態(tài)的事實相反上并不一致（比如主句要表達與現(xiàn)在事實相反而從句要表達與過去事實相反），這種情況要采用“對號入座”的方法來處理，即主從句結(jié)構(gòu)分別采用與其表達時態(tài)對應的結(jié)構(gòu)。 60.If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _A_ now.A wouldn't be smiling B couldn't have smiled C won't smile D didn't smile 2.If you had studied the problem carefully yesterday, _C_.A you won’t find any difficulty now B you would not have found any difficulty now C you would not find any difficulty now D you have not found any difficulty now 3.He would be studying at the university now if he _C_ the entrance examination.A passed B have passed C had passed D should have passed 16.It is a shame that he _B_ that poor little girl! A deceived B should deceive C deceive D deceiving 18.Mrs.bliss kept the door and the windows shut lest the noise outside _D_ her son's sleep.[lest(以免，防備)后面句子的謂語動詞的形式都是：（should）+ 動詞原形] A would interfere with B had interfered with C interfered with D should interfere with-------------------------1996-01------------------------- 21.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, _C_ and perfected now.A)developed B have developed C are being developed D will have been developed 22.This ticket _C_ you to a free meal in our new restaurant.A gives B grants C entitles D credits A,B兩項都要加雙賓語，結(jié)構(gòu)為：gives / grants sb.sth.entitle sb.to sth.使某人有權(quán)得到某物； credit A to B 相信A是由B造成的。 相信飛機失事是由飛行員錯誤造成的。Credit the crash to the pilot's mistake.crash 墜落，墜毀（專指飛機失事）； collision 碰撞（強調(diào)兩個物體碰撞，如火車、汽車等）。 we are sorry, very sorry, terribly sorry, awfully sorry.23.You _D_ her in her office last Friday;she's been out of town for two weeks.A needn't have seen B must have seen C might have seen D can't have seen 24.That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but _D_ the police.A called in B calling in C call in D to call in have no choice but to do sth.別無選擇，只能做...25.She was so _B_ in her job that she didn't hear anybody knocking at the door.A attracted B absorbed C drawn D concentrated be attracted by 被…所吸引； be absorbed in 全神貫注（專注）于做… be drawn in 被誘騙（誘使）做...； concentrate on 專注于。 I was simply drawn in.我是被誘騙上鉤的。 27.At first, the speaker was referring to the problem of pollution in the country, but halfway in her speech, she suddenly _B_ to another subject.A committed B switched C favoured D transmitted switch to another subject 轉(zhuǎn)換話題； switch to another channel 轉(zhuǎn)換頻道。 28.It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios _C_ after 11 o'clock at night.[虛擬語氣] A were not played B not to play C not be played D did not play 29.Although I like the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful _D_ through the window.A vision B look C picture D view view n.景色，風景，視野，視域。 30.Cancer is second only _B_ heart disease as a cause of death.A of B to C with D from 具有比較意味的形容詞都要與介詞to搭配。 32.The manager needs an assistant that he can _A_ to take care of problems in his absence.[in his absence 在某人不在場的情況下] A count on B count in C count up D count out presence n.到場，出席； in one’s presence 在某人在場的情況下。 count on=depend on 指望，依靠，依賴； count up 算出總數(shù)； count in 把…算在內(nèi)； count out 把...排除在外。 33.The organization had broken no rules, but _A_ had it acted responsibly.A neither B so C either D both 34.We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came _D_ view.A from B in C before D into come into view 進入視野，進入眼簾。cheer n.歡呼； cheers 干杯； cheer-team 拉拉隊； cheer-leader 拉拉隊長。英語中為了…干杯用介詞to引起。 to your health 為了你的健康干杯； to friendship為了友誼干杯。bottom up 先干了。 35.They took _D_ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.A fruitful B beneficial C valid D effective take effective measures 采取有效措施。valid adj.有效的，成立的。 36.Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true _A_ it comes to classroom tests.A when B since C before D after sure 做定語時表示“可靠的、穩(wěn)妥的”。come to 談到，提及。 37.Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of patients do not take drugs _D_ directed.A like B so C which D as drug n.藥品，毒品。gay adj.放蕩的，快樂的； n.同性戀者，尤指男性同性戀。 so后面加過去分詞表示一種程度。as后面加過去分詞時表示“如同…那樣，正如…那樣”。 53.I hope all the precautions against air pollution, _D_ suggested by the local government, will be seriously considered here.A while B since C after D as precautions n.防治措施； precautions against 防治…的措施。 after being + 過去分詞，注意：after后面不能直接加過去分詞。 38.In developing countries people are _C_ into overcrowded cities in great numbers.A breaking B filling C pouring D hurrying pour into 涌入，蜂擁而入。break into 強行闖入。 39.It's reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _A_ by about 10%.[output 產(chǎn)量] A will have risen B has risen C will be rising D has been rising 表達將來的行為在將來某時間之前完成用將來完成時。 40.If I had remembered _A_ the window, the thief would not have got in.A to close B closing C to have closed D having closed remember to do sth.記得要做某事但沒做。 41.There are other problems which I don't propose to _A_ at the moment.A go into B go around C go for D go up at the moment 目前，現(xiàn)在。go into 談論，討論。 42.Don't get your schedule _C_;stay with us in this class.A to change B changing C changed D change 43.It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _A_ knowledge.A extensive B expansive C intensive D expensive extensive adj.范圍廣大的，廣博的； extensive knowledge 知識淵博。 expansive adj.擴張的，面積廣闊的； expensive adj.昂貴的，高價的。 intensive adj.仔細深入的，細致入微的。 54.The patient's health failed to such an extent that he was put into _C_ care.A tense B rigid C intensive D tight to such an extent 到如此的程度。intensive care 特級護理。 44.Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she _B_ a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.A has to get B were to get C had got D could have got 46.A love marriage, however, does not necessarily _B_ much sharing of interests and responsibilities.[a love marriage因相愛而結(jié)婚形成的婚姻] A take over B result in C hold on D keep to not necessarily 未必； interests n.利益。take over 接管，接收； result in 導致，結(jié)果是； hold on 堅持，挺住； keep to 堅持，遵守。 47.The ability to store knowledge makes computers different form every other machine _A_ invented.[ever adj.曾經(jīng)，以往任何時候] A ever B thus C yet D as 48.I'm not sure whether I can gain any profit from the investment, so I can't make a(n)_C_ promise to help you.A exact B defined C definite D sure definite: unlikely to be changed 不可能被改變的； definite promise 不可能被改變的諾言。 49.I have kept that portrait _B_ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my university days in London.A which B where C whether D when which在定語從句中除了做主語就是做賓語，when在定語從句中只能做時間狀語。 remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事。 50.The sports meet, originally due to be held last Friday, was finally _D_ because of the bad weather.[sports meet=sports meeting 運動會] A set off B broken off C worn off D called off-------------------------1997-01-------------------------21.Until then, his family _D_ from him for six months.A didn't hear B hasn't been hearing C hasn't heard D hadn't heard until then 直到那時。hear from sb.收到某人的來信，得到某人的消息。 22.The conference _B_ a full week by the time it ends.A must have lasted B will have lasted C would last D has lasted 見到介詞by引導的時間狀語，謂語動詞就應是完成時態(tài)。 24.Physics is _B_ to the science which was called natural philosophy in history.A alike B equivalent C likely D uniform be alike to sb.對于某人來說均是一樣的。be equivalent to 相當于。 All tastes are alike to him.所有味道對他來說都一樣。 27.The new appointment of our president _A_ from the very beginning of next semester.A takes effect B takes part C takes place D takes turns semester n.學期； president n.大學校長； take effect 生效，發(fā)生效力； take part in 參與，參加； take place=happen 發(fā)生； takes turn to do sth.輪流做某事。 28.The president made a _A_ speech at the opening ceremony of the sports meeting, which encouraged the sportsmen greatly.A vigorous B tedious C flat D harsh ceremony n.典禮，儀式；表達在某個典禮上介詞用at。vigorous adj.強勁有力的，強有力的。 harsh adj.刺耳的，令人不愉快的； flat adj.平淡無奇的； tedious adj.冗長無聊的。 29.It is useful to be able to predict the extent _C_ which a price change will affect supply and demand.[extent to] A from B with C to D for 30.Finding a job in such a big company has always been _D_ his wildest dreams.29 A under B over C above D beyond beyond one’s wildest dreams 做夢也想不到。 31.It is not easy to learn English well, but if you _C_, you will succeed in the end.A hang up B hang about C hang on D hang onto hang on 堅持，繼續(xù)下去。 32.It is reported that _C_ adopted children want to know who their natural parents are.A the most B most of C most D the most of most單獨出現(xiàn)的時候有兩種詞性要考慮：1 adv.非常；2 adj.大多數(shù)的。 the most后面加多音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞構(gòu)成該句的最高級。 most of + 名詞，表示這些名詞中的大多數(shù)。make the most of 充分利用。 34._D_ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.[Were they to arrive=If they were to arrive] A Had they arrived B Would they arrive C Were they arriving D Were they to arrive 35.The strong storm did a lot of damage to the coastal villages: several fishing boats were _A_ and many houses collapsed.A wrecked B spoiled C torn D injured collapse vi.倒塌，坍塌； wreck vt.（船只）遭到破壞。 torn原形是tear，n.眼淚，vt.撕裂，撕開。 37.As _B_ announced in today's papers, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open on Sundays.A being B is C to be D been 注意兩個非限定性定語從句的引導詞：as, which。 which在做非限定性定語從句引導詞時有兩個特點： which前要有逗號與前面句子分開； 2 which引導非限定性定語從句指的是前面整句話的內(nèi)容。 只要引導非限定性定語從句as和which都指一句話內(nèi)容，區(qū)別在于which只能放在它所指那句話的后面，而as可以在前面也可以在后面。 38.You see the lightning _A_ it happens, but you hear the thunder later.A the instant B for an instant C on the instant D in an instant the instant=as soon as 一…就… 39.The manager lost his _B_ just because his secretary was ten minutes late.A mood B temper C mind D passion lose one’s temper 發(fā)脾氣。 40.Great as Newton was, many of his ideas _C_ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A are to challenge B may be challenged C have been challenged D are challenging as表示“盡管”時引導從句，從句中的表語可以放在引導詞之前構(gòu)成部分倒裝。 41.Please be careful when you are drinking coffee in case you _D_ the new carpet.A crash B pollute C spot D stain pollute vt.污染； spot n.地點，場所，斑點，污點；v.使…上有斑點、污點。 spotted dog 斑點狗。stain v.弄臟，玷污，染色。 59.The tomato juice left brown _A_ on the front of my jacket.A spot B point C track D trace 42.I'd rather read than watch television;the programs seem _B_ all the time.A to get worse B to be getting worse C to have got worse D getting worse all the time 始終，一直。 43.Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are _D_ in grocery stores.A ready B approachable C probable D available convenience foods 方便食品； instant coffee/noodle 速容咖啡/速食面。 ready adj.準備好的； approachable adj.可接近的，平易近人的，親切的。 probable adj.可能的； available adj.可獲得的，可利用的，可支配的。 44.When I caught him _A_ I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.A cheating B cheat C to cheat D to be cheating 45.It is important that enough money _A_ to fund the project.A be collected B must be collected C was collected D can be collected 46.Some old people don't like pop songs because they can't _C_ so much noise.A resist B sustain C tolerate D undergo tolerate vt.忍受，容忍； undergo vt.經(jīng)歷，遭受。 48._C_ one time, Manchester was the home of the most productive cotton mills in the world.[at one time 曾經(jīng)，一度] A On B By C At D Of 49._A_ it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.A Believe B To believe C Believing D Believed believe it or not 信不信由你。creat a stir 引起轟動。 50.Mr.Morgan can be very sad _C_, though in public he is extremely cheerful.A by himself B in person C in private D as individual in public 在公眾面前； in private 私下單獨一個人的時候。 第6課 關(guān)于逗號的一些知識 原則：逗號沒有能力連接兩個單獨的句子。 如何區(qū)分短語與句子？一個結(jié)構(gòu)如果有完整的謂語部分就是句子。 何為完整的謂語部分？如果能判斷出一個結(jié)構(gòu)的時態(tài)就可以稱這個結(jié)構(gòu)為完整的謂語部分。 在什么樣的情況下一個逗號可以將句子分成兩部分，而這兩部分都有完整的謂語呢？兩個句子中間有連接詞連接； 這兩個句子是主從句關(guān)系（主從句之間一定要有句子引導詞來引導）。 10.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _A_, we declined the offer.[declined v.婉言謝絕] A not being finished B not having finished C had not been finished D was not finished 42.A survey was carrie3d out on the death rate of new-born babies in that region, _D_ were surprising.[survey 調(diào)查] A as results B which results C the results of it D the results of which 51.All flights _D_ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could no nothing but take the train.[having been canceled這里是獨立主格作原因狀語] A had been canceled B have been canceled C were canceled D having been canceled 31-------------------------1999-01------------------------- 46._A_ the calculation is right scientists can never be sure that they have included all variables and modeled them accurately.[variable n.變項，變量；model vt.建模] A Even if B As far as C If only D So long as even if 即使，即便； so long as（后面加句子時）只要。 47.My train arrives in New York at eight o'clock tonight.The plane I would like to take from there _B_ by then.A would leave B will have left C has left D had left 將來完成時：will have + 動詞過去分詞。 49.Harry was _A_ by a bee when he was collecting the honey.A stung B stuck C bitten D scratched sting v.（蜜蜂）叮，蟄； bite v.（蚊子等）咬； scratch vt.抓傷，劃破（通常指貓抓人）。 once bitten, twice shy.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井繩。 50.The thief tried to open the locked door but _B_.A in no way B in vain C without effect D at a loss in vain 徒勞，白費工夫； But很少與介詞without聯(lián)用； at a loss 不知所措。 52._B_ seeing the damage he had done, the child felt ashamed.A By B On C At D For on后面加動詞ing形式表示“在…之后”這個時間概念。 54.Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we _C_ during the day.A should have done B would have done C may have done D must have done should have + 動詞過去分詞，表示本應該做； may have + 動詞過去分詞，表示可能做過； 與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣主句謂語動詞的表達形式可能用到：would have + 動詞過去分詞。 must have + 動詞過去分詞，表示對過去行為進行肯定推測。表示一定做過； can't have + 動詞過去分詞，表示對過去行為進行否定推測，表示不可能做過。 56.This crop does not do well in soils[各種土壤] _B_ the one for which it has been specially developed.A outside B other than C beyond D rather than outside prep.在…外邊； rather than 而不是（肯定前者，否定后者）。 beyond prep.超出…的范圍； beyond his wildest dreams 超出他最狂野的夢想。 other than 不同于，而非，當它與否定詞no或not出現(xiàn)在同一個句子中時表示“除…之外”。 66.In no country _A_ Britain, it has been said, can on experience four seasons in the course of a single day.A other than B more than C better than D rather than 63.My father seemed to be in no _A_ to look at my school report.A mood B emotion C attitude D feeling be in no mood to do/doing sth.沒有情緒（心情）做什么事情。 67.I'm sorry I can't see you immediately;but if you'd like to take a seat, I'll be with you _B_.[in a moment 馬上，立即（它作為時間狀語時一定與將來時態(tài)搭配）= in an instant.] A for a moment B in a moment C for the moment D at the moment 68.The trumpet player was certainly loud.But I wasn't bothered by his loudness _D_ by his lack of talent.[trumpet 小號] A than B more than C as D so much as 當否定詞not與so much as出現(xiàn)在同一句子中時，它們的含義是：與其說…不如說… 70.Our journey was slow because the train stopped _D_ at different villages.A unceasingly B gradually C continuously D continually unceasingly adv.不停止地，不休止地； gradually adv.逐漸地，逐步地；= step by step.continuously adv.連續(xù)不斷地； continually adv.時斷時續(xù)地。 -------------------------1994-01------------------------- 43.Frankfurt, Germany, is in one of the most _A_ populated regions of Western Europe.A densely B vastly C enormously D largely densely populated 人口分布稠密； sparsely populated 人口分布稀疏。 52._D_ of the two books holds the opinion that the danger of nuclear war is increasing.A None B Either C Both D Neither none表示的是三者或三者以上都不； either表示的是兩者之間任意一者。 55.Beethoven is my favorite musician.I regard him as _A_ other musicians.A superior to B more superior than C more superior to D superior than 注意：具有比較意味的形容詞只需要與to搭配，而無須more, than。 58.She is a very _D_ secretary: she never forgets anything or makes a mistake.A anxious B effective C adequate D efficient anxious adj.憂慮的，焦慮的； anxiety n.焦慮，憂慮； effective adj.有效的； take effective measures 采取有效的措施； adequate adj.充足的，足夠的；= surficient.efficient adj.效率高的，能勝任的。 64.The computer has brought about surprising technological changes _B_ we organize and produce information.A in a way B in the way C in that way D in no way in the way 引導句子時表示“在...方面”。 170.Please move this chair, it is _A_.A in the way B on the way C in a way D by the way in the way在沒有引導句子時表示“擋路的，妨礙某人的”。 67.In Australia the Asians make their influence _C_ in businesses large and small.A feeling B feel C felt D to be felt 考試中常見的幾個使役動詞：make, get, keep, leave.考試中的形式：使役動詞 + sb.(sth.)+ ___ 此時空格處應填分詞 具體是要填現(xiàn)在還是過去分詞由空格前的sb.(sth.)決定，如果它是動作的發(fā)出者則填現(xiàn)在分詞，如果它是動作的承受者則填過去分詞。 -------------------------1999-06------------------------- 41.He came back late, _B_ which time all the guests had already left.A after B by C at D during 介詞by引導時間狀語時一定與完成時態(tài)搭配。 45.His remarks left me _D_ about his real purpose.A wondered B wonder C to wonder D wondering 49.Although they plant trees in this area every year, the tops of some hills are still _D_.A blank B hollow C vacant D bare blank adj.空白的（因為沒寫字而空白）； hollow adj.空心的，中空的； bare adj.光突突的（山上沒有樹和草）；沒帶首飾的； bald adj.禿頂?shù)摹?/p> 50.Being a pop star can be quite a hard life, with a lot of travelling _D_ heavy schedules.33 A with regard to B as to C in relation to D owing to owning to = due to 因為。 52.William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, _C_ defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion.A peculiarly B indifferently C vigorously D inevitably peculiar adj.奇特的； indifferently adv.冷漠地，不積極地； vigorously adv.強有力的，強勁有力的； inevitably adv.不可避免地，必然地。 60.We have been told that under no circumstances _A_ the telephone in the office for personal affairs.A may we use B we may use C we could use D did we use 61.In previous times, then fresh meat was in short _D_, pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food.[in short supply 供應不足] A store B provision C reserve D supply in previous times 從前； fresh water 淡水； fresh meat 鮮肉； dove n.鴿子； bean curd 豆腐； Bible 圣經(jīng)； bible 具有權(quán)威性的書； God 上帝； god 神。 62.As Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces, I have directed that all measures _C_ for our defense.A had been taken B would be taken C be taken D to be taken 以下幾個表示“指揮，命令”的動詞：order, command, direct.在引導賓語從句時從句要用“(should)+ 動詞原形”來體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣。 63.A thief who broke into a church was caught because traces of wax, found on his clothes, _A_ from the sort of candles used only in churches.A had come B coming C come D that came 65.I was _B_ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.A to B on C at D in to the point of 到了…程度； on the point of doing sth.正要做某事情； at the point of 在某點上； when除了表示“當…時候”外，還可以表示“恰在此時”或“剛…就…” 68.The project _C_ by the end of 2000, will expand the city's telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.A accomplished B being accomplished C to be accomplished D having been accomplished 69._C_ evidence that language-acquiring ability must be stimulated.A If being B It is C There is D There being evidence表示“證據(jù)”，最大的特點是后面經(jīng)常帶同位語從句說明證據(jù)的內(nèi)容。 language-acquiring ability 語言習得能力。evidence不用在“it is …”這種結(jié)構(gòu)當中。 64.After the guests left, she spent half an hour _C_ the sitting-room[客廳].A ordering B arranging C tidying up D clearing away order vt.命令；訂購；整理，使有條理性； order one's thoughts 整理思路，整理思緒； arrange v.布置，安排； tidy up 整理，使整潔（后面通常加某個房間）； clear away 把…清除掉。 67.A lorry[卡車] _A_ Jane's cat and sped away.A ran over B ran into C ran through D ran down run over 撞倒并碾過； run into 不期然地遇到； run through 貫穿（多用于抽象事物）； run down 貶低； run down one's opinion.34 70.Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply _A_.A appreciated B approved C appealed D applied rare books 珍藏本的書籍； appreciate 重視，欣賞，感激； approve 批準，通過，贊成； approve of 贊成，滿意； apply 應用，運用； appeal 呼吁（表示此意義時它經(jīng)常于for搭配）；申訴，上訴（表示此意義時它要于to搭配）。 -------------------------XXXX-XX-------------------------15.Will you _C_ coming to dinner with me? A have the pleasure of B give the pleasure in C do me the pleasure of D take pleasure in pleasure n.榮幸； 第二選項的正確形式應為：give me the pleasure of C選項也可寫為：do me the favor(favour)of 18._C_ Goul had said it, he knew what a mistake he had made.A at once B No sooner C The moment D Hardly 以下幾個引導詞都可以表示“一…就…”：as soon as, the instant, the moment.25.Norin received a bad wound _B_ the leg when he was shot at.A on B in C at D of 表示身體某一部位受傷用介詞in。hit sb.in the face 打某人一個耳光。 28.Cork was angry;_D_ he listened to me.A and B but C so D nevertheless cork n.軟木塞。nevertheless conj.盡管如此。 34.That _A_ instrument can record even very slightly changes.A delicate B feeble C sensible D feasible instrument n.儀器，（彈奏的）樂器； delicate instrument 精密儀器。 delicate adj.精密的，準確的； feeble adj.軟弱的，無力的； sensible adj.明智的； sensitive adj.敏感的； be sensitive to 對…很敏感； feasible adj.可行的，行得通的。 40.Let’s begin the lesson at the place where we _A_ last time.A left off B left out C left to D left up leave off 停止，中斷； leave out = omit 遺漏； 43.Education does not _D_ simply _D_ learning a lot of facts.A consist;of B consist;from C consist;for D consist;in consist of 包括； consist in（抽象意義的）在于 = lie in在于。 49.There is no tree _A_ bears some fruit.A but B which C that D unless but用在否定句中并且后面引導一個句子時相當于“that...not”。 本句可改寫為這種形式：There is no tree that does not bears some fruit.50.“Will you be able to finish the job this week?” “_D_.” A I don’t know so B I can’t say so C I’m not sure so D I don’t expect so I don't expect so 恐怕不行。 394.“I hope that John will play basketball tomorrow.” “Yes, I _D_.” A hope it too B hope too C hope that too D hope so too 395.“I slipped on the stairs.I think my arm is broke.” “Oh, I _D_.” A do not hope so B do not hope C hope not so D hope not 肯定用：I hope so.否定用：I hope not.51.She died when she was ninety, not of old age, but _B_ head injury when she fell down a 35 flight of stairs.A of B from C with D for die of 表示因年老，疾病或饑餓而死亡； die from 指因為受傷而死亡。 57.You have no busniess _D_ to me the way you did the other day.A to be talked B being talked C to talk D talking have no business doing sth.沒有理由（權(quán)利）做某事。 132._B_ day Bill was starting his motor-bike when his sister Mary came out and asked for a lift.[the other day 幾天前] A Some B The other C Another D On one 65.I’d just as soon _A_ rudely to her.A you didn’t speak B that you don’t speak C that you won’t speak D you hadn’t speak wish, would rather后面加句子，句子謂語動詞用一般過去時。 would just as soon的用法與would rather完全相同。 69.Which screw do you want? _A_ will do.A Any one B Not one C Everyone D Anyone any one 任何一個（指事物）； no one 沒有人； everyone 每個人； anyone 任何人。 73.I suppose you’re not serious, _C_? A don’t you B do I C are you D aren’t you 主、從句整體變反意疑問句時通常都與主句保持一致。 但suppose, think, believe, imagine這四個動詞后面加了賓語從句，然后對整個句子來變反意疑問句時反意疑問句部分與從句保持一致。 82.The chair belongs _B_ the corner.A to B in C on D with belong to 屬于（表示歸屬關(guān)系）； belong in 在…有適當?shù)奈恢谩?/p> 94.The terrible noise is _B_ me mad.A turing B driving C setting D putting drive sb.mad(crazy)使某人發(fā)瘋。 114.We are bound _B_ with difficulties in our English study.A to have met B to meet C meeting D having met be bound to do sth.一定會做某事。 118.Everyone assumed what he said _B_ based on facts.A is B to be C were D being assume sb.(sth.)to do sth.想當然的認為某人（某事物）要做某事。 assume + that引導的從句。 129.The shape of Italy on a map has often been compared _C_ a long Wellington boot.A as B with C to D against compare與with搭配，表示將A與B進行比較； compare與to搭配，表示將A比作B。 130.Since everyone would like to find an apartment near the university, there are very few _C_ apartments in the area.A free B empty C vacant D reserved vacant adj.空閑的。 144.I know Jonathan quite well and never doubt _B_ he can do a good job of it.A whether B that C when D what doubt + whether引導的從句，懷疑是否… ； doubt + that引導的從句。對...真的有疑慮。 156.Let bygones be bygones.Don’t _D_ so much on the past.A lie B lay C dwelt D dwell let bygones be bygones.讓過去的過去吧。dwell vi.居住； dwell on 老是想著… 162.Intellect is to the mind _B_ sight is to the body.A which B what C where D but what這時連接兩個句子，表示“有如”或“就像…一樣”。 what只有用在這種“A對于B來說就象C對于D一樣”句型當中時。 Air is to man what water is to the fish.空氣對于人類來說就象水對于魚來說一樣重要。 165.His honesty is _D_, nobody can doubt it.A in question B beside the question C out of the question D without question in question = under discussion 正在討論中的； beside the question 離題，與題無關(guān)； out of the question 不可能的； out of question 沒有問題的，毫無疑問的； without question 沒有問題的，毫無疑問的 = out of question.172.Nearly all major cities in the US are crime-ridden.New York is _A_.A a case in point B a case to point C the case D in the case of a case in point 有說服力的例子。 185.“Frank is up late working again.” “This is the third time this week he’s had to study late, _A_?” A isn’t it B hasn’t it C isn’t he D hasn’t he 這里it是代詞，指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容。 表示“第幾次做某事”變成反意疑問句經(jīng)常用it指代整句話的內(nèi)容。 252.This is the first time that he has felt really relaxed for months, _B_? A hasn’t he B isn’t it C isn’t he D hasn’t it 191.A judge must be _B_ when weighing evidence.A interested B disinterested C uninterested D disconnected weigh vt.斟酌，考慮； interested adj.有興趣的； disinterested adj.公正的，無私的； uninterested adj.不感興趣的； disconnected adj.分離的，不連貫的。 217.Although he sometimes lost his temper, his pupils liked him _D_ for it.A not so much B not so little C no more D no less lose one’s temper 發(fā)脾氣。 222.Wise men seek after truth, _A_ fools desire knowledge.A whereas B or C as well as D hence whereas conj.反之，但是。 239.Water and air are _D_ to living.A independent B initial C dependent D indispensable be indispensable to 至關(guān)重要的，不可或缺的； 240.This report throws light _B_ the situation.A in B on C with D to throw light on 把光投到…上去，（引申）清楚的闡述。 246._B_ that we will go abroad.A It’s like B Chances are C The most likely D Chances will be chances are 很有可能… ； chances were 很有可能… 253.Is there any chance _B_? A whichever B whatsoever C wherever D whenever whatsoever經(jīng)常放在一些名詞后面作后置定語，表示“任何的”或“絲毫的”。 whatsoever作后置定語通常放在有any的，或者是否定的句子中。 262.She is so clever as to speak several foreign languages, not to _D_ of English.A say B tell C read D speak not speak of 更不用說 = not to mention 270.What he did was _C_ than a practical joke.A anything else B or else C nothing else D more else practical joke 惡作??； nothing else than 只不過，僅僅。 283.I’ll be away for about six months but you can write to me _A_ my brother.A in care of B by care of C with care of D under care of in care of 由…轉(zhuǎn)交。= C/O 284.Correct the errors, _D_, in the sentence.A if there will be any B if there are some C if they have any D if any if any是一個口語中經(jīng)常加的插入語成分，表示“如果說有…的話”。 288.There is no point _C_ in a dangerous place if you can’t do anything _C_ the people who have to stay here.A remaining … helping B to remain … to help C in remaining … to help D in remaining … helping there is no point in doing sth.做某事也是毫無意義； 這里point表示“作用，用途”。 291.Do most of us seeing people grasp casually the outward features of a face and _D_? A let it alone B let alone C let well alone D let it go at that seeing people 視力健全的人； casually 隨意地，隨便地； let is go at that表示“不去多操心，不再多說，隨它去了”。 316.The policemen went into action _C_ they heard the alarm.A presently B promptly C directly D quickly directly adv.直接的； conj.一…就…，一當…時候。 表示“一…就…”的幾個短語：as soon as, the instant, the moment, directly.323.The cat is, _D_, a member of the family.A as to speak B no wonder C as a fact D so to speak so to speak 可以這么說。 335.“What can I do for you?” “If you _C_ see Mr.Keller, give him my regards.” A would B will C should D shall regard n.關(guān)心，致意，問候，考慮； 356.The Mayor and Corporation of Hamelin were _A_ for some way of ridding the town of rats.[The Mayor and Corporation 市長和市政當局] A at their wit’s end B at their wits end C in their wit’s end D for their wits end at one's wit's end 智窮才竭，黔驢技窮。 383.I think your sister is old enough to know _B_ to spend all her money on fancy goods.A other than B better than C rather than D more than know better than 明白事理而不至于做… 417.The police looked _B_ the past record of the suspect.A in B into C for D of 61.abuse [?'bju:s] v./n.濫用，虐待；謾罵 abuse one’s power 濫用職權(quán) drug abuse毒品濫用 child abuse 虐待兒童 He was charged of abusing a privilege.他因濫用特權(quán)而被起訴。 62.academic [,?k?'demik] a.學術(shù)的；高等院校的；研究院的63.academy [?'k?d?mi] n.(高等)?？圃盒＃粚W會，研究院 Academy Award 金像獎 64.battery ['b?t?ri] n.電池(組) Our bus won't start because the battery is flat.我們的大客車發(fā)動不起來了，因為電池壞了。65.barrier ['b?ri?] n.障礙；棚欄 language barriers語言障礙 trade barriers 貿(mào)易壁壘 The police put a barrier across the road.警察設(shè)了路障。 66.cargo ['kɑ:ɡ?u] n.(船、飛機等裝載的)貨物 cargo ship/plane貨船/機 67.career [k?'ri?] n.生涯，職業(yè)，一生的事業(yè) political career政治生涯 a career woman職業(yè)女性 68.vessel ['ves?l] n.（文）船舶；容器，器皿；血管naval vessel海軍軍艦 a drinking vessel飲水杯 blood vessel 血管 69.vertical ['v?:tik?l] a.垂直的 vertical line 垂直線 diagonal line 對角線 horizontal line 水平線 70.oblige [?'blaid?] v.迫使（承擔義務）責成；使感激 oblige sb to do sth Circumstances oblige me to do that.情況迫使我那樣做。 The police obliged him to leave.警方強迫他離開。 I would be happy to oblige.樂意效勞。I’m much obliged to you.非常感謝。 71.obscure [?b'skju?] a.陰暗，模糊，晦澀，難理解的，不出名的，不重要的，鮮為人知的 Is the meaning still obscure to you? 你覺得意思仍然不清楚嗎？ 72.extent [iks'tent] n.程度，范圍，大小，限度 to some extent在某種程度上 to a certain extent 在某種程度上 to a large extent 在很大程度上 to such extent that到這種程度，以至于… What is the extent of your garden? 你的花園有多大？ 73.exterior [eks'ti?ri?] n.外部，外表 a.外部的，外表的（反：interior）be exterior to 在…的外部 建筑物的外表/外部 exterior wall 外墻 Paint the exterior walls of the house.給房子的外墻刷漆。 74.external [eks't?:nl] a.外部的，外表的，外面的（反：internal） internal and external affairs 國內(nèi)外的事務 external wound 外傷 external pressure 外部壓力 This medicine is for external use, not to drink.只能外用不得內(nèi)服。 External causes become operative through internal causes.外因通過內(nèi)因而起作用。75.petrol ['petr?l] n.汽油 76.petroleum [pi'tr?uli?m] n.石油 petroleum deposits 石油儲量 77.delay [di'lei]vt./n.推遲延誤耽擱 delay/defer/postpone/put off doing The letter was delayed three days by the train accident.這次火車事故使這封信耽擱了三天。 78.decay [di'kei] vi.腐爛，腐朽，衰退，衰敗 Sugar can decay the teeth.糖能蛀蝕牙 79.decent ['di:s?nt] a.像樣的，體面的 decent behavior 行為得體 80.route [ru:t] n.路；路線；航線 the route to 81.ruin ['ruin] v.毀壞，破壞 n.毀滅，[pl.]廢墟ruins She poured water all over my painting, and ruined it.她把水全倒在了我的畫上，把畫毀了。 We saw the ruins of the church.我們看見了這座教堂的廢墟。 The rain ruined my holiday.82.sake [seik]n.緣故，理由 for the sake of 為…的緣故為了…好處為…著想for sb/sth’s sake Never do wrong for the sake of money.絕不要為金錢而做壞事。 for convenience’s sake 為方便起見 83.satellite ['s?t?lait n.衛(wèi)星 84.scale [skeil] n.大小規(guī)模等級刻度on a small/large scale 85.temple ['templ] n.廟宇 86.tedious ['ti:di?s] a.乏味道單調(diào)的冗長的 a tedious talk/book/lecture 87.tend [tend] vi.易于，趨向 tend to/towards It tends to rain a lot in the autumn.People under stress tend to express their full range of potential.處于壓力下的人容易發(fā)揮自己全部的潛力。 88.tendency ['tend?nsi] n.趨向，趨勢 tendency to/towards have a tendency to sth/to do Prices continue to show an upward tendency.物價呈持續(xù)上升趨勢。 89.ultimate ['?ltimit] a.極端的，最大的，最終的 n.極端 What’s your ultimate objective? 你的最終目標是什么？ 90.undergo [,?nd?'ɡ?u]v.經(jīng)歷，遭受(experience sth that is unpleasant, unwelcome or difficult) undergo hardships經(jīng)歷坎坷 undergo treatment 接受治療 91.abundant [?'b?nd?nt] a.豐富的，充裕的，大量的China is abundant in natural resources.92.adopt [?'d?pt] v.收養(yǎng)；采用采納 adopt a child/an idea adopted/foster son 養(yǎng)子 adoptive/foster father/parents 養(yǎng)父/父母 They adopted our methods.他們采用了我們的辦法。 93.adapt [?'d?pt] vi.適應，適合；改編，改寫 vt.使適應 adaptation [,?d?p'te???n] adapt to(the changes/the climate)adapt oneself to… She adapted herself quickly to the new climate.她很快就適應了這種新氣候。94.bachelor ['b?t??l?] n.學士，學士學位；單身漢 bachelor of agriculture 農(nóng)學學士 bachelor of engineering工學士 bachelor of science bachelor of laws 法學士 bachelor of arts 文學士 master碩士doctor 博士 post doctor 博士后 95.casual ['k??u?l] a.偶然的，碰巧的；臨時的；非正式的casual dress/clothes便裝、便服 casual labor臨時工 His casual manner annoyed her.他漫不經(jīng)心的態(tài)度惹惱了她。 96.trap [tr?p] n.陷阱，圈套 v.設(shè)陷阱捕捉trap…into… The police set a trap to catch the thief.警察設(shè)下了捉拿竊賊的圈套。 97.vacant ['veik?nt] a.空的，未占用的，空虛的，茫然的If that room is vacant, we can practice there.如果那個房間空著，可以在那練習。98.vacuum ['v?kju?m] n.真空，真空吸塵器，空間;空虛;空白 His wife's death left him a vacuum in his life.他妻子的去世使他的生活變得空虛。99.oral ['?r?l] a.口頭的口述的口的 oral English=spoken English 口語 He will take an oral examination.他將接受口試。 100.optics ['?pt?ks] n.(單、復同形)光學 101.organ ['?:ɡ?n]n.器官，風琴，機構(gòu) sense organ 感官 state organ國家機構(gòu) He plays the organ in church.他在教堂彈奏風琴.102.excess ['ekses] n.過分過量過剩 He drink to excess.飲酒過量。 This year’s profits were in excess of(=more than)a million dollars.今年的利潤超出了一百萬美元。 103.expel [iks'pel] v.驅(qū)逐開除，趕出 The boy was expelled from school.104.expend [iks'pend] v.消費,花費（時間、精力、金錢等） expend time/money/effort/care on sth/in doing sth 105.expenditure [iks'pendit??] n.支出，消費；經(jīng)費（多用于正式場合） government expenditure 政府開支 expenditure on education 教育經(jīng)費 My expenditure is conditioned by my income.我的支出受我的收入限制。 106.expense [iks'pens] n.開銷，費用（普通用語，表開銷常用復數(shù)）daily expenses 日常開支 at the expense of 以犧牲…為代價 spare no expense/efforts/pains 不惜一切代價(at all costs/at any price) It's too much of an expense for me to own a car.對我來說，擁有一輛汽車的花費太大。107.expensive [iks'pensiv] a.價格高貴的，代價高的108.expand [iks'p?nd] v.擴大（尺碼、數(shù)量、體積、程度），擴張；展開，膨脹（反：contract 收縮） Metals expand when they are heated.金屬遇熱則膨脹。 109.expansion [iks'p?n??n] n.擴大，擴充；發(fā)展，膨脹Metals undergo expansion when heated.金屬加熱時會膨脹。110.private ['praivit] a.私人的，個人的；秘密的，涉及隱私的，非公開的；私營的非政府辦的，非官方的，非正式的，與公共的共有的相反（反：public）a private car 私家車 a private hospital 私立醫(yī)院 private land 私有土地 private visits 私人訪問 private lives 私生活 It's illegal to read people's private letters without permission.未經(jīng)允許看別人的私人信件是不合法的。 111.individual [,?ndi'vidju?l] a.個別的，單獨的，供個人使用的，個人特有的（強調(diào)個體，區(qū)別于整體、集體或普遍，無關(guān)隱私）n.個人，個體 individual economy 個體經(jīng)濟 individual style 獨特的風格（個人特有的）individual difference 個別差異 These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.這些式樣均可改動以適應個人不同的愛好.112.personal ['p?:s?n?l] a.個人的，私人的；親自的（有關(guān)、屬于個人的，而非他人的）a personal letter 私人信件 personal affairs 私事 personal bodyguard 私人保鏢 personal property 私人財產(chǎn) personal hygine 個人衛(wèi)生 personal computer 個人電腦 I have something personal to discuss with you.我有點私事和你商量。 114.personnel [,p?:s?'nel] n.[總稱] 人員，(公司、機構(gòu)、軍隊的)員工；人事部門 faculty/staff 全體(教職)員工 personnel management人事管理 personnel changes 人事變動 115.the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 116.the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 117.the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋 118.the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋 119.grant [ɡr?nt]vt.授予，同意，準予（上級對下級） take sth for granted 想當然 granted that/granting 假定，即使…也 Granted that you are correct, you may find it hard to prove your point.就算你對,可你要論證這一點卻非易事。 Granting his honesty, he may have heen misinformed.就說他是老實的，他了解的情況也可能不準確。 She was granted a pension.她得到了養(yǎng)老金.119.grand [ɡr?nd] a.宏偉大，壯麗的（山河），重大的，盛大的（場面） 120.invade [in'veid] v.侵入，侵略，侵襲 The cancer cells may invade other parts of the body.癌細胞可能侵襲身體的其他部分.invasion n.侵犯 invasion of privacy 侵犯他人隱私 1.圖形與拼音法 ava rice 貪婪/ ava lanche(老鼠攔車）雪崩/ gazelle 瞪羚/ sangwine(三桂呢)面色紅潤的/ famine(發(fā)米呢）饑荒（n.) 2.拆分法： fl edge(大鳥飛到小鳥邊上）喂養(yǎng) h edge(家home的邊上）籬笆 h aunt(anut的家）常去（vt.)常去的地方（n,)w edge(w)楔形的/擠進去 pl edge(plmm的邊上）發(fā)誓/誓言： pledge one's eternal love 3.形象含義法： pl under(光天化日下對plmm）打劫 pl ague(pl老婆愛argue)瘟疫/折磨(vt)p luck(追到plmm需要運氣和勇氣）勇氣/采摘/拔毛（up) 4.口訣法： lank 細長的/blank/flank 側(cè)翼/plank 木板/鋪木板 rank/crank 曲柄/frank/prank 惡作劇 Tien An Men Square is flanked by the Great Hall of the People and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution.只有l(wèi)ank瘦又長，b在lank前變空格，f在lank前是側(cè)翼，p在lank前厚木板 lank變rank是排名，前加c是曲柄，見到f就坦白，遇到p才會惡作劇 5.字母轉(zhuǎn)換法： brother/bother/broth 肉湯/ throb 心狂跳不止 ： Her heart was throbbing after the race.有r是兄弟，無r就要打擾，兄弟沒人是肉湯，倒掉肉湯心狂跳 snake/sneak vi., vt.常與in, out, past, away連用）鬼鬼祟祟做 6.諧音法： chill寒冷的/ dilemma(**喇嘛）進退維谷的境地colony(靠了你）殖民地 7.詞源法： 冥界三河：Styx 冥河/ Lethe 忘川河/Meader河 exodus 成群結(jié)隊的外出做事 Exodus 《出埃及記》 Losing farmland results in an tendency of exodus of farmers.quail 鵪鶉/感到恐懼 （復數(shù)形式亦為quail,+ the表單數(shù)）Quail have nothing to do but quail.8.詞根詞綴法： in+ n.+ate=v.vigor 活力: in vigor ate 鼓舞 timid 膽小的：in timid ate 恐嚇 novel 小說/新穎的 in novi ate 革新 tonic 湯力水/補藥——toxic 有毒的 in toxic ate 使中毒/上癮 be intoxicated by success 1．a(chǎn)bdomen=belly=stomach+bowel abdo(肚)men 腹部 2．bereave(be leave)剝奪，使喪失 deprive(of)剝削 derive(from)獲得 In order to derive the answer we needed to solve the mathematical equation.3.olt:dolt傻瓜molt脫毛-jolt搖晃-bolt離開，螺栓 逗(do)它是傻瓜，有(mo)就脫毛，救它(jo)會搖晃 不行（bo）就離開 4.voc=vok-vocative-vocation(聲音)vocal cord 聲帶（cordless無繩的） ad voc ate-advocate（一再給予聲音）支持 in voke(內(nèi)心默默地說)祈禱 pro voke(在前面喊)激怒 convoke（把大家喊到一起）召集 revoke(喊回來)撤銷 5.ob-離開 obscene(離開不該看的場景)下流的（音：我不信）cheprib 成節(jié)的排骨 ribald(把排骨露出來)下流的 大膽(bold)禿驢(bald)竟敢下流的在我面前露排骨 obsolete(我不舍離它)過期的 obstinate(我不聽你的)固執(zhí)的 =stuborn(數(shù)他苯)固執(zhí)的=headstrong 6.literate 有文化的 iterate 重述 adulterate 摻假 illiterate 文盲 preliterate 無文字記錄 obliterate 刪除 一個有文化的人愛上重復說話，成年后學會摻假，生病變成文盲，之前無文字記錄，離開后只能刪除 7.prowl 巡游 plmm劃船在巡游 on the prowl 徘徊 pl as ma血漿 pl像媽媽—血漿 plattitude 陳詞濫調(diào)的，陳腐的 再pl的態(tài)度都可能成為陳腐的 8．In-genious 機靈的，靈巧的（內(nèi)心是個天才做出事才能靈巧） plough耕田/皺紋 p la(o)ugh 一笑就會出皺紋 9．coop 雞窩(oo雞蛋)fold(羊、馬)圈 wold 山地 mold 模具 我老區(qū)山地，媽媽作模具，飛入舊羊圈 kennel 狗窩 ker(殼)nel 果殼 10.-let:小 pullet 小母雞 ringlet 小卷發(fā) booklet 小冊子 11.擬聲詞歸納： coo(鴿等)咕咕地叫, 唧唧地講情話 woo(貓頭鷹追求雌性的叫聲)求愛, 追求 woo one’s reputation/fame crow(烏鴉的叫聲)n.烏鴉vi.啼叫 croak(青蛙的叫聲)v.蛙鳴 quaff(飲馬的聲音)v.痛飲 hush 安靜（n.&v.） plod 沉重的腳步走（n.&v.）slurp 大口喝湯 12.stat-站 stationary 靜止的 statue 全身雕像 status 地位 static 靜止的 13.file 文件 defile（去掉檔案）弄臟；污染 profile 輪廓 14.solar 太陽的 lunar 月亮的（代表邪惡）lunatic 瘋子 sol-太陽的 console 安慰 inconsolable(沒有人安慰的)暗自神傷的 solace 安慰（n.&v.）(陽光般的笑臉)15.abble-able babble 胡言亂語-gabble 口齒不清-dabble戲水-gobble 狼吞虎咽-nibble 細嚼慢咽 abble好像able,baby胡言亂語，gg口齒不清 dd在那兒戲水，go要狼吞虎咽，ni得細嚼慢咽 16．page-ant 書頁長滿螞蟻-壯觀 pro pag ate 向前翻了一頁-繁殖 17．tumble 跌倒-humble 謙卑-stumble 跌倒-gamble(干部愛賭博)癱步會跌到，含苞要謙虛，死都癱步更跌倒 18．grace 優(yōu)雅的-glitter 輝煌的-groan 呻吟 grope 摸索 比賽的gg真優(yōu)雅，垃圾前的gg放光輝，長雜毛的gg在呻吟，抓住繩子的gg在摸索 19．flict 打 conflict 沖突 inflict 內(nèi)心煎熬 afflict 折磨 Mars-martial 武術(shù)的 martial art 武術(shù) 20．versatile(蝸舌頭)多才多藝的 censure(三條舍頭)責難 rail(用鐵軌砸你)責難 chastise(踩死踢死)責怪 panic(用平底鍋追打)恐怖 21．relate-simulate 模仿，假裝-regulate-isolate last原級是late,阿姨拿出了相關(guān)陳述，四目跟著去模仿，阿姨故意來晚要調(diào)整 simulate 模仿 dissimulate 掩飾，假裝 stimulate 刺激=catalyze 22.swank 打扮 spank 拍擊、鞭策、疾走 spout 噴血，噴出 23．flinch 畏縮-flog 鞭打-flair 天賦-flaunt 炫耀 flout 藐視-flounder 掙扎-flee 逃走-fling拋石頭-feeble 虛弱的 飛向inch為畏縮，飛來的原木在鞭打，飛在空中是本能，飛來的姑姑在炫耀，鎖在一起成群飛，飛到外邊受蔑視，飛到下面要掙扎，飛高要逃跑，福臨拋石頭，飛薄為脆弱 24．a(chǎn)wn/fawn 小鹿、奉承/pawn 典當 in pawn 抵押 spawn 產(chǎn)卵 小鹿怕(p)典當，小蛇(s)在前才產(chǎn)卵 25．scribe 寫 scription n.ascribe to = attibute to 歸因于 conscribe 征兵=draft circumscribe 限制（畫了個圈）prescribe 開藥方 transcribe 改編 describe 描寫 inscribe 刻字 subscribe 訂閱 subscriber 手機卡 26．pebble 卵石 rubble 碎石子 scribble 涂鴉 bubble 氣泡 hobble 跛行 guibble 小借口 flirt 調(diào)情 拍(pe)卵石，入(ru)碎石，寫(scribe)涂鴉，不(bu)起泡，好(ho)跛行，鬼(gui)借口 27．guai nt 古怪的 28．med-中間的 medium 媒介 mediums 媒介[c./pl.] media 媒體 mediate 調(diào)停，斡旋 29．rumor 謠言 rummage 翻找（翻找謠言）30．verse 旋轉(zhuǎn) averse 反對的（a-表“沒有”） adverse 敵對的, 相反的 reverse 顛倒 perverse 剛愎自用的 31．cupid(丘比特)-cupdity貪婪 crave渴望（山洞開花）treacherous 奸詐的（老師親自種花）am i able 和善的 32．a(chǎn)ff able 和藹可親的 affray 爭吵-betray背叛-pray 祈禱-tray盤子-ashtray煙灰缸 阿福(aff)為光線而爭吵，賭博(be)為光線被出賣，大街(st)上光線在迷失，只好到光線處去祈禱，鉤(t)住光線的是盤子,裝灰(ash)的盤子是煙灰缸 boost 提高（600條街道）loot打劫（100個鉤子） st ink惡臭(大街上的墨水)ost rich鴕鳥（有錢人在街上圈地養(yǎng)鴕鳥） 33．blizzard 暴風雪(不離這)lizard 蜥蜴 34．bruise 瘀傷(不如死)bromide過時的(不如埋它)35.climax高潮(克里+馬克思)cliche腐朽的(克里買車)36．blunt鈍的-bale災難、大包裹-blemish污點 blot臟的-blight枯萎-blast爆炸-blame責難 布萊(ble)迷失(mish)是污點,雖然不多(lot)也很臟，見不到光(light)就枯萎，不持續(xù)就爆炸，炸折瘸了(lame)就怪我 37．radic-根 e radic ate 根除 radical 根本的 38．ump（突出） mump不開心-bump碰撞-gump傻瓜-lump腫塊-plump豐滿-slump 脫落，跌落，下滑 媽媽(mum)不開心,不(b)要去碰她.gg大傻瓜，長個大腫塊，豐滿才漂亮(pl),死了(sl)才脫落 39.ransack 細搜（背著袋子到處跑） 40.sl-（傾斜）slide 劃過 slope 斜坡 slede 雪橇 slash 砍:He slashed his way through the bush.41.vague 模糊的 vogue 時尚 fashion 時尚/方面： Everything has two fashions.Every sword has two blades(刀刃).42．gull 海鷗-hull 硬殼-lull 使安靜lull sb to sleep mull 沉思-bull 公牛-dull 蠢笨的、遲鈍的、愚蠢的 cull 屠宰、采摘 前面唱歌(g)的是海鷗，海鷗喝(h)水用硬殼，拉(l)住海鷗快安靜,飛到山(m)后去思考，海鷗不(b)同意變公牛，打(d)它一下變白癡，只好重(c)新去挑選 gullible 易受騙的 lullably 搖籃曲 43．farce 鬧?。樕祥_花）fart放屁 facet事情的一方面 multifaceted 多才多藝的 44．waddle 鴨子走的搖擺 huddle 擠作一團 stagger蹣跚，錯開：to stagger office hours 45．mumble 咕噥-bumble 含糊-fumble 找尋 媽媽(mum)嘀咕不含糊 46．relics(阿姨立刻死)遺物（pl.） illusion(一路神)幻想 47．a(chǎn)bide忍受vt./堅持、遵守vi.She can't abide watching horror films.Please feel assured that we will abide by our promise.bide 等待 bide one's time 48．resolve 決心、決定（反復解決） dissolve溶解 pretext 借口-texitile質(zhì)地-context上下文 49．fracture 挫傷 He fell and fractured his upper arm.fraction 分數(shù)/部分 friction 黨派、團體 fiction 小說 a部分受挫傷，部分無花是黨派，摩擦無花是小說 fragice易碎的 50．magn-大 magnify 擴大 magnificent 壯觀的(gorgeous)magnate 產(chǎn)業(yè)巨子 51．pith 精華 zenith 天頂 nadir 天底(你低啊)52．polish 擦亮 apple polisher 馬屁精 relish 胃口、喜好 farmish 使饑餓 vanish消失（哇，你失了） 53．tide 潮水 tidings 消息（消息隨著波浪送來）54．a(chǎn)ghast 驚駭?shù)模╝ ghost）55.cumb 躺 encumber 阻礙cumbersome 麻煩的 cucumber 黃瓜 sub cumb—succumb 屈服 concubine 情婦 incubate 孵化 incubator 育兒器 56．教堂用語： 首席牧師vicar 第二牧師 priest 第三牧師 clergyman第四牧師preache 受眾席nave布道臺pulpit懺悔室cubicle柱子pillar 彩色玻璃stained glass唱詩班chorus圣歌chant 祭壇altar 圣杯chalice 福音Gospel 詛咒curse/spell 57．frolic 嬉戲 青蛙無哥(g)立刻歡樂 58．intercept 截取，攔截(cept-接受)intercourse(n.)交往 58．menace（men你去死）威脅 The people are being menaced by the threat of war.A tone of menace entered into the man's voice.manifold（男人如果老了就會得多種多樣的疾?。?/p> 59．ulate系列 postulate推斷-insulate絕緣-gratulate祝賀-manipulate控制 張貼海報要控制，里面有蛇才絕緣，gg老鼠來祝賀，人類ip要控制 60．precious 珍貴的 spice調(diào)料 precipice 懸崖 珍貴的調(diào)料都放在懸崖上 （forgetmenot） 61.sanctuary 圣殿（三跪九叩的地方）mortuary 太平間（毛骨悚然的地方）mortify 羞辱(=humiliate)The teacher was mortified by his inability to answer the question.62.sprout 萌芽 spate（一群專家一起吃）spin（專家在里面吐絲）spill涌出 63.glinsten 露珠閃光-tread走路-torper有氣無力的 languish無精打采的 I trod on his foot by accident.gg聽閃光，走路他讀書，太婆有氣無力，懶鬼無精打采 64.French-trench 壕溝-wrench扭傷 法國人把他扔進壕溝，我把他扭傷 65．bishop 主教 cocker 溺愛=spoil bicker爭吵(兩個人為了可卡狗在爭吵)bicker with 66．concentrating camp集中營 engross 全神貫注于 Engrossed in his book he forgot the time.67.bush-gush涌出-hush安靜-plush絨毛；豪華 ambush埋伏 我在灌木叢，gg噴涌而出，喝水才會安靜，pl才會豪華 68.super=sur supervise 監(jiān)督 superfluous 多余的，過剩的 superb 極好的This play is a superb job.superable可以勝過的 Superior 蘇必利爾湖 supernova=superstar superme至高無上的(比我還高的)=paramount 69.me系列： theme 主題 merge合并=amalgamate,incorperate 70.ordeal 交易（考驗或者是交易）71.siren警報（沙林唱歌） Sphinx獅身人面像 sphinx謎 Sphinx’s riddle 千年難解之謎 72．Gothic 哥特式 arch拱門 Barogue巴洛克式的(對稱的)dome 圓形屋頂 Bycantine 拜占廷式的 73．gg系列： binge狂歡-forge偽造-barge泊船-tinge挑染-singe燒焦-twinge心痛-badger徽章 箱子里的gg在狂歡，為了gg去偽造，gg拿著棍子去泊船，拿著鉛桶去挑染，有罪的gg被燒焦，雙胞胎gg心里劇痛，壞gg卻得了軍功章 74.lust欲望(辣死他)-gust一陣(風)-bust半身雕像 75.severe嚴厲的 revere 尊敬(小花送給最尊敬的人)76.have-rave胡言亂語-raven烏鴉-haven避難所-heaven天堂 擁有花樣年華卻胡言亂語，你胡言亂語卻抓住烏鴉，你擁有避難所，e加也會變成天堂 77.slay殺死-clay 粘土-flay 剝皮；批評-layman外行 relay 轉(zhuǎn)播 殺人死勒(slay)，粘土埋人可累(clay)，批評不累(flay),外行做事累慢（layman）電視轉(zhuǎn)播relay 78.volv=volu旋轉(zhuǎn) revolve 革命 convolve盤旋 involve卷入 voluptuous 肉感的（圓嘟嘟的） 79．-cess（走）recess衰退 concession讓步 precess產(chǎn)生進動process加工處理 incessant 不斷的 excess 過度的 80．-cur（跑） concur 共同發(fā)生 recur 再次發(fā)生 incur 招致 occur if/when 81．hamper 籃子；妨礙-tamper篡改-tamp踩實，夯實 家(h)有提籃他(t)篡改，篡改無人(er)是夯實 82.malady=ailment 疾病 mal-（壞的）malnutrition營養(yǎng)不良(malnourish)malfunction 故障 malcontent 不滿 malign誹謗 maltreat 虐待 83.snore 打鼾snob勢利小人 snobblish勢力的；附庸風雅的 sir-surly 暴怒的 sneer 蔑視 James sneered at my old bicycle.84．-lope(慢跑)elope私奔(一路跑)antelope羚羊 螞蟻帶著羚羊私奔 85．tryst 約會 trail審判dart飛鏢tow拖走toss扔 hurl猛扔 haul拖走 86.法庭用語： locale案發(fā)地點 suspect嫌犯 accomplice從犯 baton警棍fetter腳鐐 manacle手銬cell單身牢房 hall 大牢 grill拷問 barrister大律師 vestment法衣toupee假發(fā)jury陪審團gavel驚堂木 attoney律師 prejury偽證罪 behind the bars 被捕入獄 87.brawl爭吵drawl拖長音說sprawl平躺trawl拖網(wǎng) dd慢說不(b)爭吵，專家(sp)平躺它(t)拖網(wǎng) 88.embellish 修飾 embody表達 embed鑲嵌 gem寶石 89.tent-（伸展） tentative嘗試的 ostentatious 裝飾的；炫耀的 retentative 嘗試的 90．-sent 感情 resent 憤怒 content 同一 assent贊成 dissent 不贊成 91．a(chǎn)dulate諂媚-undulate波動-modulate調(diào)音-pulluate 發(fā)芽 成年之后才諂媚，否定之后起波瀾，模式變調(diào)才調(diào)音，拖拖拉拉才發(fā)芽 92．Pari’s jugdement 愛江山不愛美人 the discord of apple 導火線 93．grudge怨恨-drudge苦工-trudge跋涉 dd做苦工，gg在怨恨，叫他去跋涉 94．scour搜索-scout偵察員-scare驚恐-scrap碎片 scratch抓住 rap敲擊-trap陷阱-strap捆住 敲擊它入陷阱，蛇作皮帶捆住它，敲擊水草成碎片，老鼠(rap)吃(ch)水草(sc)用手抓 95.-agger(道路)stagger踉蹌-nagger嘮叨-wagger搖擺-tagger 尾隨 你嘮叨街上踉蹌，娃娃搖擺它追隨 96.mingle混合-tackle處理-sparkle閃爍-startle震驚 圖釘在前是混合，明明在前是混合，火花在前才閃爍，開始在前才震驚。 97.reticent 緘默的（阿姨跟你提到錢）intimate 親密的（內(nèi)心深處提到的人）98.-vade(走)invade 入侵 pervade 遍布，彌漫 evade逃避（一味的）treason叛國罪 99.indicate提示-dedicate奉獻-delicate精致的-intricate 復雜的 黛玉美麗(deli)脆弱，dedi奉獻一生，里面弟弟提示，三角關(guān)系復雜。100．a(chǎn)bject 卑鄙的 conjecture 推測 project設(shè)計, 計劃, 投射, 放映, 射出, 發(fā)射(導彈等), 凸出 projectile 子彈，拋射物 reject拒絕 101．cave 山洞 cavity 小洞 covet 貪婪 102．diverge 分歧 diverse 不同的 diversify 區(qū)別 diversification 多樣化 103．duplicate 復制、模仿 implicate 暗示 implicit含蓄的 explicate 說明 explicit 直率的 104.wallow 打滾bellow怒吼flarrow產(chǎn)仔callow小孩 墻邊豬打滾，銅鈴在怒吼，一箭飛來豬產(chǎn)崽，叫來乳臭未干孩。 105.-vor(吃)voracious 貪吃的，如饑似渴的 106.巢穴：lair/den（拉登）107.cater to 迎合 scatter遍布，分散 caterpilliar 尺蠖（毛毛蟲）108.robe:長袍 probe 探查 She tried to probe my mind and discover what I was thinking.(喻)microbe 微生物 wardrobe 衣柜（-ward 保衛(wèi)） 109.tim邊緣-brim圓狀物邊緣-grim嚴格的-trim修剪 pilgrim朝圣者-prim呆板的 prose 散文/單調(diào)的 只有rim是邊緣，前面加b含義不變，前面有鬼(g)真恐怖，前面加t修剪整齊，p在rim前真拘謹，p到玫瑰上變單調(diào)。 My hair has been trimed.110.-scend 爬 v./-scent n.ascend 攀登，上升ascend the throne descend 下降-transcend超越-condescend屈尊 He never condescends to speak to me.111.祖先: ancestor/forebear/forefather/pricursor 后代：descendant/offspring/afterworld 112．witch女巫-ditch溝渠-pitch投擲-hitch鉤住 我女巫，掉水溝，p投擲，高(h)被鉤 113．surmount超越=triumph over paramount至高無上的 mountebank江湖騙子 114．mise協(xié)議-surmise猜測（超過了協(xié)議的要猜測）115．victim受害者-vic issi tude變遷(is-si)conivct 定罪 116.奇跡：caprice/miracle/prodigy 117.doodle涂鴉/kindle點燃/dwindle減少/ swindle騙取 dood在前是涂鴉，種類在前是點燃，dd隨風日漸少，蛇兒乘風(wind)來騙取 118.covert公開的 overt秘密的covet 覬覦=crave 119.bull公牛-buff牛皮-rebuff斷然拒絕 deny/disclaim/disdain /reject/spurn 120.temerity輕率/temper脾氣;緩和;鍛煉 temper strong drink with water tempera顏料蛋temperate適度的/自制的 Temperate Zone 溫帶 tempest暴風雨 temperamental氣質(zhì)上的 只有er是輕率，脾氣緩和和鍛煉，加a變成顏料蛋 再加mantal氣質(zhì)變，去掉mental,自制溫和和適度 去掉速度加街道(st),**騷動暴風雨.121.mol-運動 motion運動-motive動機-motivate激勵-remote遙遠-locomotive火車-motif主題 122.Prometheus/Epimetheus epigone追隨者epitome梗概atom原子epicure美食家 123.lavish浪費的，鋪張的 frugal(褒)stingy=miserly（貶） 124.ped腳 bipedal兩足類動物 impede阻礙 pedicap人力車 centipede蜈蚣 expedition探險pedestrian行人(strain線條)pederstrian crossing 行人斑馬線 125.disprove 反駁 reprove 責備 accuse/blame/criminate/remonstrate/reproach 126.syn-光的 synthetic光的 photosynthesis 光合作用 127.chro-時間 chronic慢性的 chronical編年史 128.wander lust 驢友 129.eros愛神/morose郁悶的/prose單調(diào)的/virose 有毒的 130.maculate玷污-immaculate完美的 articulate表達清楚-speculate推測/投機 circulate循環(huán)-calculate計算 線路圓的才循環(huán)，只有可靠才計算，表達清楚有藝術(shù)，罵人有污點，投機特別靠推測。 131.stigma侮辱 stigmatize 侮辱 loathe厭惡 scuttle疾走 shuttle航天飛機 132.-rog arrogant傲慢的 interrogate 審問 133.-gate [irrigate灌溉-irritable易怒的-castigate嚴懲某人 navigate航行] agate瑪瑙-aggregate匯總-instigate教唆-propagate繁殖(植)-fumigate消毒-profligate揮霍的-colligate 束縛-mitigate減輕 Nothing could mitigate the cruelty with which she had treated him.一個大門是瑪瑙，gre大門在匯總，里面街道在煽動，向前翻頁是繁殖，門前有煙是消毒，向前飛離揮如圖，共同束縛送(mit)緩和 134.mango芒果 manacle手銬layman外行=greenhand manace(man你死)威脅 manikin侏儒 manifold多種多樣的 mandate 命令 mantle男士斗篷 emanate散發(fā) Delicious smells were emanating from the kitchen.manual手冊/手工的 mansion大廈 manchu滿族 135.spark-sparse稀少的（焰火顏色稀少） 136.allay 減輕=alleviate，appease，mitigate 137.mirth歡樂（媽媽生出你就歡樂）138.brief簡潔 grief悲傷 relief緩解 aggrieve迫害 139.tact-接觸 intact 完好無損的 tactic策略 tactile觸角 taciturn沉默寡言的 tacit 默許的 140.venom毒液 倒過來寫：money way倒過來yaw 141.comprise 構(gòu)成 imprison監(jiān)禁 enterprise 公司 semble（臉）看起來好像 semblance外表 resemble類似 ensemble 合唱團tout ensemble全體 142.vin-征服:vanquish convince 說服 provincial 地方的，省的 barbarous粗野的 143.quest bequest遺產(chǎn)=heritage inherent繼承的，固有的 instinsic 本質(zhì)的 144.perfunctory 草率的 =rash 145.tilt傾斜-wilt枯萎-silt淤泥-jilt拋棄 它傾斜-我枯萎-蛇入淤泥皆(j)拋棄 146.exquisite（一個特別貴的位置）高雅的guiff卷發(fā) 147.vertigo（vert-轉(zhuǎn)）眩暈 148.part部分 partial偏袒的 impartial 公平partition 分裂 particle小顆粒 149.split apart /spit吐口水 150.-pend懸浮 suspend傾斜 impend來臨 pendant懸浮物 append附加 151.-cede，-ceed，-cess,-gress 走 recede 退潮 concede妥協(xié) precede領(lǐng)先 precedent先例 unprecedented 史無前例的 152.life-rife 生命充滿鮮花 153.idol idle 無事可做的 idleness 懶散 154.tenuous（太牛）細的，薄的 155.imp 頑童(我很皮)impeach彈劾(每一個頑童都可以彈劾)156.pale+try=paltry 無價值的 157.saturnine郁悶的 Saturn 土星 spurn 悲鳴 158.crab 螃蟹 drab土黃色（土黃色的螃蟹）159.grav-(重)aggravate 惡化 160.subtract(from)=detract減損/貶損 trackable 可跟蹤的 distract轉(zhuǎn)移，分散 The noise in the street distracted me from reading.161.dull鈍的 indulge 縱容 indulgent縱容的 162.scruple 謹慎的 dimple酒窩 topple 推翻 supple 順從的 入水草謹慎，模糊見酒窩，上面的推翻，下面的服從 163.claim 聲稱，主張 acclaim 歡呼 clamor 喧鬧 exclaim 驚呼 reclaim 收回/開墾=assart proclaim 宣布 disclaim 棄權(quán) declaim朗誦 The employer disclaimed all responsibility for the fire accident.164.elude逃跑 elusive 難懂的 elope私奔 165.mole鼴鼠 mol-混亂 molest 騷亂 166.-fuse(傾倒)profuse極其豐富的/infuse注入/effuse涌出/diffuse傳播diffuse learning傳播知識 transfuse輸血/灌輸 167.slab木板-slack松懈的-slag煤渣-slay殺死-slate 提名to wipe the slate clean of past mistakes 勾消過去的錯誤 slump下跌，下滑 實驗室的木板，缺乏的馬虎，落后的煤渣，躺下殘殺，來晚的提名，腫塊跌落 168.vitiate（六次提到吃遭到否決）否決/損壞 169.slipe 滑 slippery光滑的，狡猾的 170.sl-（傾斜）aslent =sloping 171.grog甜酒 喝多了酒-groggy 醉酒的，搖搖晃晃的 172.intrepid（皮里面的-內(nèi)心的-勇敢） 173.brash傲慢的-trash垃圾-crash撞車-rash草率 不草率，生傲氣，他草率，成垃圾，可草率，才撞車 174.gash傷口/割傷 mash求愛 be mashed on sb stash藏起來lash鞭打=flog sash腰帶splash飛濺 哥傷口,妹求愛，跑到街上藏起來，蛇做皮帶鞭打他，專家鞭打是飛濺 175.duct-推斷 deduce推論 induce促使 seduce勾引 conduce導致 What induced you to do such a foolish thing? conduct傳導 abduct綁架 176.tempo 節(jié)奏 tissue 生物的組織 massacre大屠殺 massage按摩 insipid平淡的 177.addulterate 摻假 inverterate習慣的 成年后學會了摻假，每天吃VE成為習慣 178.-journ sojourn 寄居,adjourn 休會 179.turnmoil 辛苦工作 spoil損快 180.assent同意=consent/ dissent 不同意 190.hag巫婆-wag搖擺-nag嘮叨-tag追隨 河水的巫婆，那個嘮叨，娃娃搖擺它追隨 191.hagfish小丑魚 192.missle導彈（miss all） 193.patro-patronge贊助人/patronize贊助/ patrol巡邏-patriot愛國者-compatriot同胞 exile流放 expatriot驅(qū)逐 194.matrix子宮/矩陣 195.clude關(guān)閉-preclude=prevent 196.sect-切 section部分 sector部門；扇形 insect昆蟲 seclusion隱居 vivid生動的 vivisect活體解剖 se-分開 hermit=recluse=anchorite anchor錨 197.angle角-dangle吊胃口-wangle得到-wrangle爭吵 tangle混亂-spangle閃光 吊胃口，王得到，花爭吵，他混亂，專家在前才閃光 198.lodge小木屋 lode礦（采礦需住小木屋） dislodge 驅(qū)逐 199.surly暴怒的-snob小商人-snobbish 勢利小人 200.patroon怕出去的人 milksop小白臉 dastard膽小鬼 201.barrister律師 foster撫養(yǎng) negister 訴訟主因 boisterous 喧鬧的ancester祖先 202.spic-看 suspcious 懷疑的 conspicious=obviouse 明顯的 202.baffle puzzle perplex complex bewilder be overwhelm with/at loss/confuse 203.-gest管道 digest消化 ingest攝入 egest排泄 204.sym/syn-共同 symphone交響樂 pedimeter計步器 symbiosis 共棲 205.stimulate simulate disguise 206.connexion聯(lián)系 207.min-伸出來 prominent 著名的 eminent 優(yōu)秀的 pre-eminent 極其優(yōu)秀的 208.tum-胖tumid臃腫的 /華而不實的=flashy tumble摔倒 tumor腫瘤 tumbler 不倒翁 209.homopathy 順勢療法 sympathy 同情 allopathy對抗療法 pathogon病原體pathology 病理學 yying存檔第三篇：新東方筆記總結(jié)語法+詞匯
第四篇：核心詞匯筆記版61-120
第五篇：詞匯8000筆記yying存檔
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