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      新聞-奧巴馬終于承認(rèn)不敢對(duì)中國(guó)下手
      
        
       時(shí)間：2019-05-15 05:05:23下載本文作者：會(huì)員上傳
      
      
      
      
      
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      第一篇：新聞-奧巴馬終于承認(rèn)不敢對(duì)中國(guó)下手
      

      奧巴馬終于承認(rèn)不敢對(duì)中國(guó)下手 竟然是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)人
      實(shí)戰(zhàn)是力量對(duì)比的檢驗(yàn)?？姑涝_(kāi)始，美軍擁有原子彈、全部的制空權(quán)和制海權(quán)，各式軍用飛機(jī)達(dá)3萬(wàn)余架，中國(guó)空軍、海軍為零，路軍美軍一個(gè)陸軍師編有坦克 和裝甲車180多輛，重型火炮近800門，而中國(guó)6個(gè)軍沒(méi)有一輛坦克，一個(gè)軍才擁有多為口徑小火炮500門左右。中國(guó)將美國(guó)18國(guó)聯(lián)軍從鴨綠將推回到三八線。表明美國(guó)加上17國(guó)的幫助與中國(guó)戰(zhàn)成平手，雙方力量相當(dāng)。
      【美國(guó)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)三難】
      1、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)成本增大。伊、阿戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)證明：人民的對(duì)侵略戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的反抗，使戰(zhàn)役上的速?zèng)Q變成戰(zhàn)略上的持久戰(zhàn)，使二戰(zhàn)時(shí)希特勒，東條以戰(zhàn)養(yǎng)戰(zhàn)掠奪戰(zhàn)敗國(guó)資源、人力支撐 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)不可能。美國(guó)越追求戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的現(xiàn)代化，屠殺人類的武器越先進(jìn)，殺害的人越多，人民的反抗越堅(jiān)決、持久，美國(guó)陷入世界人民戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的海洋之中。
      2、炮灰難解決。美國(guó)士兵的尸體證明“非接觸，零傷亡”理論的破產(chǎn)。美國(guó)內(nèi)反戰(zhàn)情緒高漲，對(duì)政府打阿富汗和伊拉克兩場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)一直心存不滿。
      盟友拒絕增兵。伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，美自己撕下假面具，露出侵略本質(zhì)。歐盟基于自身利益，又深陷債務(wù)危機(jī)，也不愿綁在美國(guó)的戰(zhàn)車上;撲從國(guó)光死人分不到相應(yīng)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)紅利，英法拒絕增兵。
      3、缺少龐大的軍費(fèi)。每年約7000億美元。開(kāi)辟新的戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)需幾萬(wàn)億甚至十幾萬(wàn)億。以戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)為職業(yè)的美國(guó)當(dāng)然清楚兵馬未動(dòng)糧草先行的規(guī)律。在為解決軍費(fèi)之前，不能輕煙戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
      隨著美國(guó)軍力的下降，仆從國(guó)、被保護(hù)國(guó)對(duì)美信心動(dòng)搖，美國(guó)必須加大仍然強(qiáng)大的表演力度，否則更收不上保護(hù)費(fèi)，每年正常維持的軍費(fèi)要大幅增加。
      而并非是美國(guó)為了保持全球戰(zhàn)略平衡進(jìn)行的軍事戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整?？扑魑謶?zhàn)爭(zhēng)之后，美國(guó)認(rèn)為已經(jīng)基本把巴爾干半島擺平，為了保持全球戰(zhàn)略平衡，原先以歐洲為重點(diǎn)的戰(zhàn) 略布局可以朝亞太地區(qū)傾斜了，但由于“9·11”事件的到來(lái)，使美國(guó)推遲了本已著手開(kāi)始的戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整。因此，這次調(diào)整是上一次調(diào)整的繼續(xù)。
      中國(guó)已開(kāi)始研發(fā)第六代戰(zhàn)機(jī)的消息在網(wǎng)絡(luò)已是鋪天蓋地，甚至有專家分析，中國(guó)未來(lái)十年內(nèi)就可以造出六代機(jī)，將配備概念武器、激光武器等，技術(shù)獲一系列重大突破達(dá)到世界領(lǐng)先水平。然而，也有不少反駁的言論，最典型的是：連美國(guó)都還在技術(shù)論證，中國(guó)最多就是準(zhǔn)備立項(xiàng)，造出來(lái)都沒(méi)有發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)給它用，不要講自己捧上天，摔下地會(huì)很慘。
      筆者以為，每個(gè)國(guó)家都有自己的秘密武器，是應(yīng)對(duì)突發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的殺手锏，不具有政治威懾的作用。人家要讓你知道了秘密武器，那還打個(gè)鳥(niǎo)。日前筆者得到自美情報(bào)有關(guān)中國(guó)六代機(jī)資料：中國(guó)正在研制的多功能殲擊機(jī)(代號(hào)為“火龍”)獲得重大科學(xué)技術(shù)突破，其先進(jìn)性屬于第六代飛機(jī);該機(jī)的主要特點(diǎn)是更加先進(jìn)的氣動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，新型控制系統(tǒng)，機(jī)載雷達(dá)的能力大為提高，可打擊地面目標(biāo)。該機(jī)還具有超級(jí)機(jī)動(dòng)能力，如可進(jìn)行“普加喬夫眼鏡蛇機(jī)動(dòng)”，可使其大為擴(kuò)大使用機(jī)載武器的能力，破壞敵殲擊機(jī)的進(jìn)攻，退出其武器殺傷區(qū)。
      “火龍”型機(jī)的駕駛導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)用于完成飛機(jī)在簡(jiǎn)單和復(fù)雜氣象條件下，在任何季節(jié)和晝夜情況下、在陸地和海面上、在任何地形條件下的所有飛行階段的導(dǎo)航和駕駛?cè)蝿?wù)。在導(dǎo)航設(shè)備中包括慣性導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)、多普勒速度和側(cè)流測(cè)量?jī)x、自動(dòng)無(wú)線電羅盤、遠(yuǎn)距(衛(wèi)星)導(dǎo)航無(wú)線電技術(shù)系統(tǒng)、近距導(dǎo)航無(wú)線電技術(shù)系統(tǒng)、相互座標(biāo)確定設(shè)備、信標(biāo)無(wú)線電接收機(jī)等設(shè)備。
      根據(jù)這一情報(bào)，加上前面剛剛曝光的J-20、J-31等戰(zhàn)機(jī)，可見(jiàn)中國(guó)戰(zhàn)機(jī)的研發(fā)速度如此強(qiáng)悍。此外，中國(guó)已經(jīng)研制成功反隱身激光雷達(dá)，由此可見(jiàn)，中國(guó)已經(jīng)在打造隱身戰(zhàn)機(jī)的同時(shí)，把目光已經(jīng)投向反隱身作戰(zhàn)。這對(duì)美國(guó)一直賴以自豪的隱形戰(zhàn)機(jī)世界戰(zhàn)略部署來(lái)說(shuō)，將直接構(gòu)成威脅。說(shuō)的透徹一點(diǎn)，美軍的隱形戰(zhàn)機(jī)對(duì)中國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)不再神秘，反之，中國(guó)的六代機(jī)對(duì)美國(guó)而言卻成為神秘的怪物。
      美國(guó)公然向中國(guó)宣戰(zhàn) 北京最新表態(tài)嚇壞全世界
      提及釣魚島問(wèn)題，美國(guó)聲稱，美國(guó)對(duì)釣魚島的主權(quán)歸屬不持立場(chǎng)，但承認(rèn)釣魚島處在日本管轄之下并適用于《美日安保條約》，美國(guó)反對(duì)任何損害日本管轄的單邊行動(dòng)，希望有關(guān)各方和平處理分歧。
      美國(guó)再次公開(kāi)宣布：包括核保護(hù)傘在內(nèi)，基于美國(guó)遏制力的日本防衛(wèi)沒(méi)有動(dòng)搖！既然美國(guó)對(duì)釣魚島的主權(quán)歸屬不持立場(chǎng)，美國(guó)就應(yīng)該在釣魚島問(wèn)題上說(shuō)三道四?？擅绹?guó)卻一再宣稱：釣魚島處在日本管轄之下并適用于《美日安保條約》，美國(guó)反對(duì)任何損害日本管轄的單邊行動(dòng)。
      毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，美國(guó)的所作所為本質(zhì)上就是要支持日本霸占中國(guó)領(lǐng)土釣魚島！
      眾所周知，釣魚島及附屬島嶼和相關(guān)海域自古屬于中國(guó)。可是，美國(guó)最近接連不斷地用戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)恐嚇中國(guó)，企圖逼迫中國(guó)放棄固有領(lǐng)土，其可惡程度前所未有。
      美國(guó)支持企圖強(qiáng)占中國(guó)領(lǐng)土的敵人，自然也就成為中國(guó)維護(hù)領(lǐng)土主權(quán)完整的最大敵人！無(wú)論怎樣中國(guó)也算得上是核大國(guó)，美國(guó)悍然用戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)恐嚇中國(guó)這樣的核大國(guó)，并且是幫助其盟國(guó)日本企圖霸占中國(guó)領(lǐng)土，美國(guó)究竟想干什么？美國(guó)究竟要干什么！
      首先，美國(guó)或許以為其軍事實(shí)力對(duì)中國(guó)具有必勝把握。
      中國(guó)國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)訪問(wèn)美國(guó)時(shí)曾坦率地表示，中國(guó)武器裝備水平及軍力落后美國(guó)20年，梁部長(zhǎng)謙虛真誠(chéng)的話帶給美國(guó)人無(wú)盡的自豪。
      美國(guó)一向把最先進(jìn)的科技成果運(yùn)用在軍事上，已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)模塊化、數(shù)字化部隊(duì)，空軍裝備四代機(jī)，海軍保持10艘核動(dòng)力航母和大量核潛艇，美軍的太空部隊(duì)、信息部隊(duì)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)部隊(duì)全球領(lǐng)先，美國(guó)還嫌不夠，以2000枚以上的核彈頭作為其決定性的戰(zhàn)略力量。
      盡管美國(guó)陸軍在現(xiàn)役中僅占三分之一，但美軍的綜合戰(zhàn)力絕對(duì)全球第一，尤其是在軍事現(xiàn)代化方面更是全球領(lǐng)頭羊。
      近幾十年來(lái)，美國(guó)發(fā)動(dòng)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)眾多，其中規(guī)模較大的海灣戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、空襲南聯(lián)盟和阿富汗戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，造就了美軍的眾多神話，同時(shí)助長(zhǎng)了其本來(lái)就狂妄的個(gè)性，尤其是美軍的中下級(jí)軍官更是如此，曾經(jīng)有美軍軍官以為其所謂戰(zhàn)略轟炸機(jī)可以在中國(guó)來(lái)去自由就是最好的例證。
      正是基于上述原因，美國(guó)或許以為其軍事實(shí)力對(duì)中國(guó)具有必勝的把握。其次，美國(guó)或許真的抓住了中國(guó)的軟肋。美智庫(kù)建議：向中國(guó)開(kāi)戰(zhàn)，美債便可一筆勾銷
      截止年末，中國(guó)擁有超過(guò)30000億美元的外匯儲(chǔ)備，居全球第一。這樣海量的外匯儲(chǔ)備既是國(guó)家的財(cái)富，也是中國(guó)的軟肋。
      狡詐的美國(guó)早就看清這一點(diǎn)，肆無(wú)忌憚地玩超寬松貨幣政策：財(cái)政赤字債務(wù)化，高額債務(wù)又通過(guò)超寬松貨幣政策實(shí)現(xiàn)了貨幣化，再通過(guò)貨幣緩慢貶值來(lái)稀釋債務(wù)，實(shí)際上就是賴債。
      中國(guó)現(xiàn)在超過(guò)30000億美元的外匯儲(chǔ)備，十年后可能貶值到不足3000億美元的水平，中國(guó)的外匯儲(chǔ)備從某種意義上說(shuō)就是紙上財(cái)富，如果不很好地加以應(yīng)對(duì)，必將成為致命軟肋。
      美國(guó)有所謂智庫(kù)曾經(jīng)建議，向中國(guó)發(fā)動(dòng)一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)消耗在7000億美元左右，而美國(guó)政府欠下中國(guó)的上萬(wàn)億美元?jiǎng)t可以一筆勾銷，中國(guó)持有的外匯儲(chǔ)備更將變成真正的紙上財(cái)富。
      這對(duì)中國(guó)意味著什么不言而喻！
      美國(guó)中情局觸角遍布全世界，其搜集情報(bào)的能力令人嘆服。美國(guó)的眾多盟友如以色列的摩薩德等也非等閑之輩，美國(guó)與其特桿盟友合作幾乎可以搜羅到全世界的任何情報(bào)。前蘇聯(lián)解體、東歐劇變及近來(lái)中東顏色革命都有美國(guó)中情局的影子在活動(dòng)。
      美國(guó)中情局對(duì)于中國(guó)花的功夫更大，大到中國(guó)最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人更替、國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略、軍事情報(bào)、高科技武器、秘密軍事基地等，小到個(gè)人資產(chǎn)包括中國(guó)的巨富及最高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的個(gè)人及家庭資產(chǎn)，都成為美國(guó)中情局搜羅之列。
      大的方面中國(guó)有國(guó)家安全部應(yīng)對(duì)，相信國(guó)家安全部的實(shí)力不會(huì)弱于美國(guó)中情局多少，小的方面如個(gè)人及家庭資產(chǎn)但愿不要成為軟肋而影響國(guó)家的最終決策。
      中美互派留學(xué)生眾多，尤以中國(guó)派出更多，這些留學(xué)生很多都沒(méi)有學(xué)成回國(guó)，成為美國(guó)的人才資源，回國(guó)人員中的絕大多數(shù)都抱定報(bào)效祖之心，也曾經(jīng)出現(xiàn)被美國(guó)中情局收買利用而成為國(guó)家叛徒之眾，這些中國(guó)不得不防。
      第三，美國(guó)認(rèn)定中國(guó)不敢與其戰(zhàn)略決戰(zhàn)。
      戰(zhàn)略決戰(zhàn)賭的就是國(guó)家的命運(yùn)。沒(méi)有實(shí)力不敢賭，逆勢(shì)而為將導(dǎo)致國(guó)家利益嚴(yán)重受損。有了實(shí)力但缺乏戰(zhàn)略決戰(zhàn)的決策能力，該賭而不敢賭必將導(dǎo)致大好機(jī)會(huì)白白流失，國(guó)家利益永恒受損。
      1962年的中印邊界之戰(zhàn)，中國(guó)完勝印度，前線將領(lǐng)張國(guó)華指揮有方值得夸贊，但之前中央開(kāi)會(huì)的戰(zhàn)略決策更值得稱道，以毛澤東為首的第一代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體高超的戰(zhàn)略決策能力早就成為全球經(jīng)典。
      盡管中國(guó)后來(lái)的讓步導(dǎo)致失去了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利應(yīng)得的土地，但現(xiàn)在的中國(guó)軍隊(duì)依然敢于用不到10000人的兵力對(duì)峙印度100000人以上的軍隊(duì)，這個(gè)對(duì)比讓人回味甚多。
      上個(gè)世紀(jì)80年代，中英香港回歸談判波瀾起伏，偉人鄧小平的戰(zhàn)略決策能力至今讓人稱道。
      鳳凰衛(wèi)視《鳳凰全球連線》節(jié)目播出“普京冀日本向中俄學(xué)習(xí)如何解決領(lǐng)土爭(zhēng)端問(wèn)題”，以下為文字實(shí)錄：
      任韌：在中日關(guān)于釣魚島的爭(zhēng)議當(dāng)中，我們看到日本是得到了美國(guó)明確而且直接有利的支持，為什么中國(guó)沒(méi)有辦法從俄羅斯得到同樣的支持呢? 馮紹雷：我覺(jué)得您提的是一個(gè)很好的問(wèn)題。首先，我覺(jué)得美國(guó)對(duì)日本的支持還要從兩個(gè)方面來(lái)看：一方面日美之間是盟國(guó)，而中俄之間都已經(jīng)明確宣布了不準(zhǔn)備重復(fù)冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的結(jié)盟對(duì)抗做法，這是一個(gè)區(qū)別;美國(guó)對(duì)日本給予支持，很大程度上恐怕是美國(guó)借同盟之行，控制日本超出美國(guó)所能控制范圍的過(guò)于張揚(yáng)的做法，它有這樣一個(gè)戰(zhàn)略意圖在內(nèi)。
      美國(guó)對(duì)于日本的不放心實(shí)際上是路人皆知的。所以在這種情況之下我們不必去簡(jiǎn)單地攀比日美是同盟。我覺(jué)得借鑒冷戰(zhàn)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，還是要把和平跟發(fā)展放在東北亞地區(qū)，放在全球大國(guó)關(guān)系的一個(gè)重要地位上來(lái)考慮。同時(shí)，我也想起了普京總統(tǒng)有一次在和我們見(jiàn)面的時(shí)候，有日本學(xué)者提出了日俄之間的領(lǐng)土爭(zhēng)端問(wèn)題。普京笑了笑就回答他說(shuō)，我奉勸(警告意味濃重)日本朋友，請(qǐng)他們看看中俄之間是怎么處理冷戰(zhàn)之后這么復(fù)雜的領(lǐng)土邊界問(wèn)題的。
      為什么我們能把幾十年來(lái)這么尖銳的一個(gè)領(lǐng)土爭(zhēng)端問(wèn)題能夠處理這么好，使之得到解決，我希望日本朋友好好的要思考一下這個(gè)問(wèn)題(奉勸不要跟中國(guó)動(dòng)武)。我覺(jué)得這個(gè)回答很清晰地指出了日本在對(duì)領(lǐng)土爭(zhēng)端這個(gè)問(wèn)題上所持態(tài)度，以及他背后的這樣一個(gè)復(fù)雜的背景。
      從當(dāng)前來(lái)看，我對(duì)這個(gè)態(tài)度的整個(gè)形勢(shì)的發(fā)展還是持一個(gè)謹(jǐn)慎樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度。我覺(jué)得到年這個(gè)大選年結(jié)束之后，無(wú)論是美國(guó)、中國(guó)、俄國(guó)，主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人有可能在一個(gè)比較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間內(nèi)穩(wěn)定的主政。
      比起日本現(xiàn)在起勁的在叫，美國(guó)日暮途窮只得夾著尾巴做人默不做聲。小日本的那點(diǎn)心思就是想讓中國(guó)和美國(guó)趁早干起來(lái)，它好趁機(jī)掙脫狗鏈子。
      可沒(méi)想到的是美國(guó)的衰落的速度要比他想象的快得多，而且現(xiàn)在常規(guī)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)怎么打，是要花錢的，以美國(guó)現(xiàn)在窮得連政府都能關(guān)門的地步，指望再去打一場(chǎng)中等強(qiáng)度的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)都根本不可能了，更別指望和大國(guó)打大戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)了。
      所以，小國(guó)根本就不要想像能從中撈點(diǎn)好處了，只有死的命。
      其實(shí)，對(duì)于日本現(xiàn)在的投機(jī)來(lái)說(shuō)，它唯一的出路也就是唯一的生路就是突然換爹，趁美國(guó)病，再瞅準(zhǔn)機(jī)會(huì)要美國(guó)命，帶著投名狀改投俄羅斯的門下，把北方四島也不要了，喊俄羅斯個(gè)爹，俄羅斯能不認(rèn)么? 以俄羅斯那見(jiàn)利益眼開(kāi)的毛病不該不要吧。俄羅斯收了好處就得罩著日本了，中國(guó)總不能核平日本了吧。最起碼能保著命了，相信小日本多年以后還是站能起來(lái)，至于還能不能穿上褲子那還真不好說(shuō)了。
      釣魚島對(duì)中日來(lái)說(shuō)都極其重要，兩國(guó)在釣魚島問(wèn)題上都沒(méi)有退路，唯有盡最大的能力去戰(zhàn)勝對(duì)方，釣魚島才有可能成為本國(guó)日后騰飛的利器。釣魚島附近海域擁有大量油氣資源，可為日本經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展提供巨大動(dòng)力，并且釣魚島也是遏制和監(jiān)視中國(guó)的戰(zhàn)略支點(diǎn)，一旦日本軍事占領(lǐng)釣魚島，其不僅可以威脅中國(guó)東南沿海發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)，監(jiān)視中國(guó)海軍的各種活動(dòng)，也將制約中國(guó)勢(shì)力向太平洋腹地?cái)U(kuò)張的步伐，其將直接影響到日本今后的命運(yùn)。
      釣魚島對(duì)日本來(lái)說(shuō)，只能成功，不許失敗，但目前日本卻在釣魚島問(wèn)題上逐漸失利，而以日本民族的特性，其為了重新獲得對(duì)釣魚島的決定控制權(quán)，不排除日本會(huì)對(duì)中國(guó)采取突襲的方式，來(lái)達(dá)到自己的目的。
      從以往的歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)看，偷襲已成日本對(duì)外戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的慣例，1894年7月25日日本對(duì)清王朝不宣而戰(zhàn)，在朝鮮豐島海面突襲了北洋水師的戰(zhàn)艦，引爆了中日甲午戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，由于日本蓄謀已久，最終以清王朝的慘敗而告終。同樣在1904年2月8日夜間，日本不宣而戰(zhàn)，偷襲停泊在中國(guó)旅順港的俄國(guó)艦隊(duì)，引爆日俄戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，最終日本獲得勝利。
      而在1931年9月18日的沈陽(yáng)，日本同樣以突襲的方式發(fā)動(dòng)九一八事變，占領(lǐng)了中國(guó)整個(gè)東部。同樣在1941年12月7日清晨日本突襲美國(guó)珍珠港，偷襲幾乎造成美國(guó)太平洋艦隊(duì)損失殆盡，為日軍在太平洋戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)初期取得主動(dòng)權(quán)。從以往的歷次突襲戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中，日本似乎都取得重大勝利，所以說(shuō)在釣魚島問(wèn)題上日本一旦無(wú)路可退，完全不排除日本突襲釣魚島的可能性。
      目前由于和平憲法的制約，日本并不是一個(gè)正常國(guó)家，其將遵守“放棄戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”的國(guó)策，并沒(méi)有對(duì)他國(guó)發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的權(quán)利。釣魚島只是美國(guó)利用日本牽制中國(guó)的棋子，中日在釣魚島保持“斗而不破”的局面才符合美國(guó)的利益，若釣魚島主權(quán)歸屬塵埃落定，不符合美國(guó)的戰(zhàn)略布局。
      而釣魚島面積狹小，易攻難守，就算偷襲成功也很難守住，這點(diǎn)中日兩國(guó)都心知肚明。由于種種因素的制約，日本在釣魚島發(fā)動(dòng)突襲的可能性很小，但也不能完全排除這種可能性。日本本想以切香腸的方式通過(guò)法理將釣魚島竊為己有，以該糾紛宣揚(yáng)“中國(guó)危脅論”，同時(shí)以中國(guó)威脅為借口，突破制約日本發(fā)展軍力的和平憲法，使日本重新成為正常國(guó)家。
      如何看待目前的中日關(guān)系，如何看待大批政客參拜靖國(guó)神社的問(wèn)題，如何看待臺(tái)日漁業(yè)協(xié)定問(wèn)題，以及昨天中國(guó)海監(jiān)成功驅(qū)離日本80多名右翼人士赴釣魚島“調(diào)查”等問(wèn)題，是把握中日關(guān)系大局的問(wèn)題，只有理清頭緒方能正確判斷，才能看清釣魚島問(wèn)題的走向。
      近一段時(shí)期在釣魚島問(wèn)題上出現(xiàn)的新問(wèn)題就是臺(tái)灣和日本簽訂了漁業(yè)協(xié)定，也就是說(shuō)臺(tái)灣漁民可以在釣魚島12海里外打魚了，我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該把這件事當(dāng)成兩岸共同保釣取得的重大成果之一，不應(yīng)一概反對(duì)。臺(tái)灣當(dāng)局雖然覺(jué)得同日本的關(guān)系非常重要，但也不會(huì)糊涂到不要釣魚島主權(quán)而只要漁權(quán)。
      另外就是馬英九在處理南海問(wèn)題上的六項(xiàng)主張也明確了和平及共同開(kāi)發(fā)，而且他不與大陸聯(lián)手的原因也是出自他們認(rèn)為的臺(tái)灣是美國(guó)的小弟，就和日本、菲律賓也認(rèn)為是美國(guó)的小弟一樣，都想拉美國(guó)這個(gè)大哥保全自己的利益。所以，基于這種認(rèn)識(shí)，中國(guó)是不會(huì)輕易用武力手段打擊美國(guó)小弟的——即使菲律賓再弱，當(dāng)然也和美國(guó)也不敢輕易對(duì)朝鮮下手一樣。
      現(xiàn)在我們?cè)卺烎~島問(wèn)題上明顯地占據(jù)了上風(fēng)，釣魚島12海里外日本已經(jīng)“不要”了。就像當(dāng)年侵華日軍龜縮在炮樓據(jù)點(diǎn)一樣，想保住最后一塊領(lǐng)地，其結(jié)果還是要被八路軍一窩端，落個(gè)徹底毀滅的下場(chǎng)。前不久中國(guó)海軍艦艇太平洋訓(xùn)練歸來(lái)又一次在釣魚島巡航，雖然日本報(bào)道說(shuō)沒(méi)進(jìn)入24海里，但也沒(méi)看到日本自衛(wèi)隊(duì)有何舉動(dòng)。事實(shí)上日本也不想因?yàn)獒烎~島問(wèn)題繼續(xù)影響中日經(jīng)濟(jì)的正常發(fā)展，但日本存在整體右傾化的趨勢(shì)，這一點(diǎn)不可否認(rèn)，但總體上講，日本已在釣魚島問(wèn)題上服軟。從昨天我們8艘海監(jiān)船突然出現(xiàn)并成功驅(qū)離日本右翼多艘船只的情況看，所謂日本保安廳船只護(hù)航也只是裝裝樣子，并沒(méi)打算對(duì)中國(guó)的海監(jiān)執(zhí)法做堅(jiān)決的對(duì)抗，更沒(méi)有打算軍事干預(yù)這么一說(shuō)，這無(wú)疑同中國(guó)海監(jiān)飛機(jī)首次進(jìn)入釣魚島巡航所引起的對(duì)抗最高點(diǎn)來(lái)說(shuō)已降溫不少，我想這其中的主要原因還在于我們的堅(jiān)持，現(xiàn)代的中國(guó)完全有能力捍衛(wèi)自己的海洋權(quán)益，習(xí)近平的中國(guó)更顯示了這種力量，日本早就感到了乏力與無(wú)助，只好聽(tīng)從美國(guó)的話，盡量不在釣魚島問(wèn)題上惹是生非，把溫度降下來(lái)。
      同時(shí)美國(guó)也無(wú)力分身解決由這些自己指使、小弟造成的麻煩，只能把繩子收得再緊一些。這一切，我們從安倍在美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿克里到訪日赴硫磺島跪拜二戰(zhàn)亡靈就可以看出日本對(duì)美國(guó)說(shuō)和的不滿，對(duì)美國(guó)在釣魚島問(wèn)題上的立場(chǎng)搖擺不滿。實(shí)際上這是自去年4月黃巖島事件以來(lái)，美國(guó)欲加大對(duì)中國(guó)圍堵的失敗，朝鮮半島的核危機(jī)給了中國(guó)突破的機(jī)會(huì)，美國(guó)的重返亞太戰(zhàn)略挨到了當(dāng)頭一棒，這不僅造成了日本這幫小兄弟的沮喪，而且也顯示了美國(guó)的無(wú)奈，因?yàn)樵谥袊?guó)崛起后它必須調(diào)整它的全球戰(zhàn)略。
      再就是日本副首相兼財(cái)相的麻生太郎要訪華，按理說(shuō)這應(yīng)該是中日回復(fù)高層交往的開(kāi)端，但他卻參拜了靖國(guó)神社，這究竟是怎樣的一種安排？據(jù)說(shuō)這次日本大批政客參拜獲得了美國(guó)的首肯，但安倍卻只送了供品，這是否為他實(shí)現(xiàn)訪華做準(zhǔn)備？但不管怎么說(shuō)，我認(rèn)為中日雙方都不愿在釣魚島問(wèn)題上引發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，更多的是要修復(fù)和恢復(fù)正常的經(jīng)貿(mào)來(lái)往，把釣魚島問(wèn)題放一放。
      可日本右翼不斷制造事端的結(jié)果也只能讓中國(guó)加大對(duì)釣魚島的監(jiān)控力度，昨天我們8艘海監(jiān)船如此神速地突防釣魚島，充分說(shuō)明了我們對(duì)釣魚島的實(shí)際控制力度的加強(qiáng)，顯示了一種志在必得的信心，只是要徹底收回釣魚島還需要時(shí)間。
      日本害怕了：中國(guó)竟在這時(shí)候公布了一驚人照片
      山崩地裂太恐怖：中國(guó)突然公布最后一次地下核試驗(yàn)面畫美防長(zhǎng)走了，中國(guó)開(kāi)始亮殺器了，中國(guó)突然公布最后一次地下核試驗(yàn)面畫，暗示中國(guó)早已掌握虛擬核試驗(yàn)技術(shù)。
      1996年7月29日，中國(guó)最后成功的進(jìn)行了一次地下核實(shí)驗(yàn)，在這一天，中國(guó)政府對(duì)世界宣布，暫停核實(shí)驗(yàn)。核實(shí)驗(yàn)是發(fā)展核武器不可少的一項(xiàng)工作，新中國(guó)成立以后，歷來(lái)主張全面禁止和徹底銷毀核武器，并主張?jiān)谶@個(gè)前提下實(shí)現(xiàn)全面的禁止核實(shí)驗(yàn)。
      不過(guò)正如第二代居里 夫婦在50年代初向中國(guó)學(xué)者所說(shuō)的：請(qǐng)轉(zhuǎn)告毛澤東同志，你們要反對(duì)核武器首先就要先擁有核武器。從1955年開(kāi)始，中國(guó)開(kāi)始兩彈研制，這種情況下中國(guó)也有必要進(jìn)行核實(shí)驗(yàn)。60年代初期美國(guó)、前蘇聯(lián)、英國(guó)都完成了原子彈、氫彈的大量實(shí)驗(yàn)，于1963年 7月簽訂了一個(gè)部分禁止核實(shí)驗(yàn)條約，等于是自己實(shí)驗(yàn)完了就不許別人再實(shí)驗(yàn)了。
      中國(guó)那個(gè)時(shí)候還沒(méi)有核實(shí)驗(yàn)，就堅(jiān)決禁止條約，提出全面徹底干凈堅(jiān)決的禁止和銷毀核武器，想保持核壟斷的美國(guó)和前蘇聯(lián)自然不可能答應(yīng)了。當(dāng)時(shí)法國(guó)剛剛實(shí)驗(yàn)成 功原子彈，還想繼續(xù)完善，也反對(duì)禁止核實(shí)驗(yàn)，中國(guó)當(dāng)時(shí)的態(tài)度是僅僅停止核實(shí)驗(yàn)而不銷毀核武器，這只有利于掌握了大量的核武器的超級(jí)大國(guó)，等于是限制發(fā)展中 國(guó)家，特別是中國(guó)發(fā)展核反基地。中國(guó)發(fā)展核武器從來(lái)都是為了防御，而且從一開(kāi)始承諾不首先使用核武器，因此例來(lái)對(duì)核試驗(yàn)采取十分克制的態(tài)度。
      這說(shuō)明中國(guó)并不想大力發(fā)展核武器，只是以擁有少量的核反擊力量為滿足。進(jìn)入80年代以后，由于國(guó)際形勢(shì)變化，全世界人民反對(duì)核實(shí)驗(yàn)的呼聲日益強(qiáng)烈。到了克林頓政府時(shí)代，美國(guó)就積極主張國(guó)際社會(huì)盡快簽訂一項(xiàng)全面禁止核實(shí)驗(yàn)條 約。俄羅斯、英國(guó)、法國(guó)也支持。中國(guó)過(guò)去一慣主張?jiān)谌婧瞬密姷姆秶鷥?nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)全部禁止核實(shí)驗(yàn)，不贊成單獨(dú)進(jìn)行核實(shí)驗(yàn)。不過(guò)看到國(guó)際上的呼聲，再看到很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間 達(dá)不到銷毀和禁止核武器，那么先進(jìn)行核實(shí)驗(yàn)防止核擴(kuò)散也有利于世界和平。
      因此從1991年1月份，國(guó)際上談判全面禁止核實(shí)驗(yàn)條約的時(shí)候，中國(guó)政府就改變了過(guò)去的態(tài)度，支持早日締結(jié)這一條約，并參加了談判過(guò)程，和其 他國(guó)家共同努力，在1996年促成了全面禁止核試驗(yàn)條約。中國(guó)立刻簽署了這一條約，表示這個(gè)條約一旦生效之后，中國(guó)信守條約不再進(jìn)行核實(shí)驗(yàn)。
      1996年7月29日中國(guó)進(jìn)行了最后一次核實(shí)驗(yàn)之后，宣布暫停。不過(guò)中國(guó)政府使用暫停一詞說(shuō)明是有一定保留的，這就說(shuō)明如果國(guó)際安全形勢(shì)惡化，或者其他大 國(guó)不遵守條約，中國(guó)還可以恢復(fù)核實(shí)驗(yàn)。果然1996年以后的事實(shí)證明，國(guó)際上核擴(kuò)散的趨勢(shì)并沒(méi)有得到遏制，從1996年到今天，這15年來(lái)，中國(guó)一直沒(méi)有 進(jìn)行核實(shí)驗(yàn)。
      不過(guò)這不等于不再發(fā)展核武器，經(jīng)過(guò)幾十年的努力，中國(guó)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)建立起一支精干有效的核自衛(wèi)力量，在不再進(jìn)行核實(shí)驗(yàn)的情況下，中國(guó)仍然能夠維護(hù) 和發(fā)展這一力量，這就說(shuō)明我國(guó)已經(jīng)有雄厚的核科學(xué)技術(shù)儲(chǔ)備，并有著保衛(wèi)自身安全的充分自信心。
      第二篇：奧巴馬對(duì)大學(xué)生演講
      OBAMA:I'm here with students at Wakefield High School in Arlington, Virginia.And we've got students tuning in from all across America, kindergarten through 12th grade.I'm glad you all could join us today.I know that for many of you, today is the first day of school.And for those of you in kindergarten, or starting middle or high school, it's your first day in a new school, so it's understandable if you're a little nervous.I imagine there are some seniors out there who are feeling pretty good right now, with just one more year to go.And no matter what grade you're in, some of you are probably wishing it were still summer and you could've stayed in bed just a
      little longer this morning.I know that feeling.When I was young, my family lived in Indonesia for a few years, and my mother didn't have the money to send me where all the American kids went to school.So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself, Monday through Friday--at 4:30 in the morning.Now I wasn't too happy about getting up that early.A lot of times, I'd fall asleep right there at the kitchen table.But whenever I'd complain, my mother would just give me one of those looks and say, “This is no picnic for me either，buster.”
      So I know some of you are still adjusting to being back at school.But I'm here today because I have something important to discuss with you.I'm here because I want to talk with you about your education and what's expected of all of you in this new school year.Now I've given a lot of speeches about education.And I've talked a lot about responsibility.I've talked about your teachers' responsibility for inspiring you, and pushing you to learn.I've talked about your parents' responsibility for making sure you stay on track, and get your homework done, and don't spend every waking hour in front of the TV or with
      that Xbox.I've talked a lot about your government's responsibility for setting high standards, supporting teachers and principals, and turning around schools that aren't working where students aren't getting the opportunities they deserve.But at the end of the day, we can have the most dedicated teachers, the most supportive parents, and the best schools in the world and none of it will matter unless all of you fulfill your responsibilities.Unless you show up to those schools;pay attention to those teachers;listen to your parents, grandparents and other adults;and put in the hard work it takes to succeed.And that's what I want to focus on today: the responsibility each of you has for your education.I want to start with the responsibility you have to yourself.Every single one of you has something you're good at.Every single one of you has something to offer.And you have a responsibility to yourself to discover what that is.That's the opportunity an education can provide.Maybe you could be a good writer--maybe even good enough to write a book or articles in a newspaper--but you might not know it until you write a paper for your English class.Maybe you could be an innovator or an inventor--maybe even good enough to come up with the next iPhone or a new medicine or vaccine--but you might not know it until you do a project for your science class.Maybe you could be a mayor or a senator or a Supreme Court justice, but you might not know that until you join student government or the debate team.And no matter what you want to do with your life--I guarantee that you'll need an education to do it.You want to be a doctor, or a teacher, or a police officer? You want to be a nurse or an architect, a lawyer or a member of our military? You're going to need a good education for every single one of those careers.You can't drop out of school and just drop into a good job.You've got to work for it and
      train for it and learn for it.And this isn't just important for your own life and your own future.What you make of your education will decide nothing less than the future of this country.What you're learning in school today will determine whether we as a nation can meet our greatest challenges in the future.You'll need the knowledge and problem-solving skills you learn in science and math to cure diseases like cancer and AIDS, and to develop new energy technologies and protect our environment.You'll need the insights and critical thinking skills you gain in history and social studies to fight poverty and homelessness, crime and discrimination, and make our nation more fair and more free.You'll need the creativity and ingenuity you develop in all your classes to build new companies that will create new jobs and boost
      our economy.We need every single one of you to develop your talents, skills and intellect so you can help solve our most difficult problems.If you don't do that--if you quit on school--you're not just quitting on yourself, you're quitting on your
      country.Now I know it's not always easy to do well in school.I know a lot of you have challenges in your lives right now that can make it hard to focus on your schoolwork.I get it.I know what that's like.My father left my family when I was two years old, and I was raised by a single mother who struggled at times to pay the bills and wasn't always able to give us things the other kids had.There were times when I missed having a father in my life.There were times when I was lonely and felt like I didn't fit in.So I wasn't always as focused as I should have been.I did some things I'm not proud of, and got in more trouble than I should have.And my life could have easily taken a turn for
      the worse.But I was fortunate.I got a lot of second chances and had the opportunity to go to college, and law school, and follow my dreams.My wife, our first lady Michelle Obama, has a similar story.Neither of her parents had gone to college, and they didn't have much.But they worked hard, and she worked hard, so that she could go to the best schools in
      this country.Some of you might not have those advantages.Maybe you don't have adults in your life who give you the support that you need.Maybe someone in your family has lost their job, and there's not enough money to go around.Maybe you live in a neighborhood where you don't feel safe, or have friends who are pressuring you to do things you know
      aren't right.But at the end of the day, the circumstances of your life--what you look like, where you come from, how much money you have, what you've got going on at home--that's no excuse for neglecting your homework or having a bad attitude.That's no excuse for talking back to your teacher, or cutting class, or dropping out of school.That's
      no excuse for not trying.Where you are right now doesn't have to determine where you'll end up.No one's written your destiny for you.Here in America, you write your own destiny.You make your own
      future.That's what young people like you are doing every day, all
      across America.Young people like Jazmin Perez, from Roma, Texas.Jazmin didn't speak English when she first started school.Hardly anyone in her hometown went to college, and neither of her parents had gone either.But she worked hard, earned good grades, got a scholarship to Brown University, and is now in graduate school, studying public health, on her way to being Dr.Jazmin Perez.I'm thinking about Andoni Schultz, from Los Altos, California, who's fought brain cancer since he was three.He's endured all sorts of treatments and surgeries, one of which affected his memory, so it took him much longer--hundreds of extra hours--to do his schoolwork.But he never fell behind, and he's headed to college this fall.And then there's Shantell Steve, from my hometown of Chicago, Illinois.Even when bouncing from foster home to foster home in the toughest neighborhoods, she managed to get a job at a local health center;start a program to keep young people out of gangs;and she's on track to graduate high school with honors and go on to college.Jazmin, Andoni and Shantell aren't any different from any of you.They faced challenges in their lives just like you do.But they refused to give up.They chose to take responsibility for their education and set goals for themselves.And I expect all of you to do the same.That's why today, I'm calling on each of you to set your own goals for your education--and to do everything you can to meet them.Your goal can be something as simple as doing all your homework, paying attention in class, or spending time each day reading a book.Maybe you'll decide to get involved in an extracurricular activity, or volunteer in your community.Maybe you'll decide to stand up for kids who are being teased or bullied because of who they are or how they look, because you believe, like I do, that all kids deserve a safe environment to study and learn.Maybe you'll decide to take better care of yourself so you can be more ready to learn.And along those lines, I hope you'll all wash your hands a lot, and stay home from school when you don't feel well, so we can keep people from getting the
      flu this fall and winter.Whatever you resolve to do, I want you to commit to it.I want you to really work at it.I know that sometimes, you get the sense from TV that you can be rich and successful without any hard work--that your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or being a reality TV star, when chances are, you're not going
      to be any of those things.But the truth is, being successful is hard.You won't love every subject you study.You won't click with every teacher.Not every homework assignment will seem completely relevant to your life right this minute.And you won't necessarily succeed at everything the first time you try.That's OK.Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who've had the most failures.JK Rowling's first Harry Potter book was rejected twelve times before it was finally published.Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team, and he lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots during his career.But he once said, “I have failed over and over and over again in my life.And that is why I succeed.”
      These people succeeded because they understand that you can't let your failures define you--you have to let them teach you.You have to let them show you what to do differently next time.If you get in trouble, that doesn't mean you're a troublemaker, it means you need to try harder to behave.If you get a bad grade, that doesn't mean you're stupid, it just means you need to spend more time
      studying.No one's born being good at things, you become good at things through hard work.You're not a varsity athlete the first time you play a new sport.You don't hit every note the first time you sing a song.You've got to practice.It's the same with your schoolwork.You might have to do a math problem a few times before you get it right, or read something a few times before you understand it, or do a few drafts of a paper before it's good enough to hand in.Don't be afraid to ask questions.Don't be afraid to ask for help when you need it.I do that every day.Asking for help isn't a sign of weakness, it's a sign of strength.It shows you have the courage to admit when you don't know something, and to learn something new.So find an adult you trust--a parent, grandparent or teacher;a coach or counselor--and ask them to help you stay on track to
      meet your goals.And even when you're struggling, even when you're discouraged, and you feel like other people have given up on you--don't ever give up on yourself.Because when you give up on yourself, you give up on your country.The story of America isn't about people who quit when things got tough.It's about people who kept going, who tried harder, and who loved their country too much to do anything less than their best.It's the story of students, who sat where you sit 250 years ago, and went on to wage a revolution and found this nation.Students who sat where you sit 75 years ago who overcame a Depression and won a world war;who fought for civil rights and put a man on the moon.Students who sat where you sit 20 years ago who founded Google, Twitter and Facebook and changed the way we communicate with each other.So today, I want to ask you, what's your contribution going to be? What problems are you going to solve? What discoveries will you make? What will a president who comes here in twenty or fifty or one hundred years say about what all of you did for this country?
      Your families, your teachers, and I are doing everything we can to make sure you have the education you need to answer these questions.I'm working hard to fix up your classrooms and get you the books, equipment and computers you need to learn.But you've got to do your part too.So I expect you to get serious this year.I expect you to put your best effort into everything you do.I expect great things from each of you.So don't let us down--don't let your family or your country or yourself down.Make us all proud.I know you can do it.Thank you, God bless you, and God bless America.
      第三篇：奧巴馬對(duì)學(xué)生的演講稿
      奧巴馬對(duì)學(xué)生的演講稿
      Hello, everybody!Thank you.Thank you.Thank you, everybody.All right, everybody go ahead and have a seat.How is everybody doing today?(Applause.)How about Tim Spicer?(Applause.)I am here with students at Wakefield High School in Arlington, Virginia.And we’ve got students tuning in from all across America, from kindergarten through 12th grade.And I am just so glad that all could join us today.And I want to thank Wakefield for being such an outstanding host.Give yourselves a big round of applause.(Applause.)大家好！謝謝你們。謝謝你們。謝謝你們大家。好，大家請(qǐng)就坐。你們今天都好嗎？(掌聲)蒂姆·斯派塞(Tim Spicer)好嗎？(掌聲)我現(xiàn)在與弗吉尼亞州阿靈頓郡韋克菲爾德高中的學(xué)生們?cè)谝黄?。美?guó)各地從小學(xué)預(yù)備班到中學(xué)12年級(jí)的學(xué)生正在收聽(tīng)收看。我很高興大家今天都能參與。我還要感謝韋克菲爾德高中出色的組織安排。請(qǐng)為你們自己熱烈鼓掌。(掌聲)
      I know that for many of you, today is the first day of school.And for those of you in kindergarten, or starting middle or high school, it’s your first day in a new school, so it’s understandable if you’re a little nervous.I imagine there are some seniors out there who are feeling pretty good right now--(applause)--with just one more year to go.And no matter what grade you’re in, some of you are probably wishing it were still summer and you could’ve stayed in bed just a little bit longer this morning.我知道，今天是你們很多人開(kāi)學(xué)的日子。對(duì)于進(jìn)入小學(xué)預(yù)備班、初中或高中的學(xué)生，今天是你們來(lái)到新學(xué)校的第一天，心里可能有點(diǎn)緊張，這是可以理解的。我能想象有些畢業(yè)班學(xué)生現(xiàn)在感覺(jué)很不錯(cuò)——(掌聲)——還有一年就畢業(yè)了。不論在哪個(gè)年級(jí)，你們有些人可能希望暑假更長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)，今天早上還能多睡一小會(huì)兒。I know that feeling.When I was young, my family lived overseas.I lived in Indonesia for a few years.And my mother, she didn’t have the money to send me where all the American kids went to school, but she thought it was important for me to keep up with an American education.So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself, Monday through Friday.But because she had to go to work, the only time she could do it was at 4:30 in the morning.我了解這種感覺(jué)。我小時(shí)候，我們家生活在海外。我在印度尼西亞住了幾年。我媽媽沒(méi)有錢送我上其他美國(guó)孩子上的學(xué)校，但她認(rèn)為必須讓我接受美式教育。因此，她決定從周一到周五自己給我補(bǔ)課。不過(guò)她還要上班，所以只能在清晨四點(diǎn)半給我上課。
      Now, as you might imagine, I wasn’t too happy about getting up that early.And a lot of times, I’d fall asleep right there at the kitchen table.But whenever I’d complain, my mother would just give me one of those looks and she’d say, “This is no picnic for me either, buster.”(Laughter.)
      你們可以想見(jiàn)，我不太情愿那么早起床。有很多次，我趴在餐桌上就睡著了。但每當(dāng)我抱怨的時(shí)候，我媽媽都會(huì)那樣地看我一眼，然后說(shuō)：“小子，這對(duì)我也并不輕松。”(笑聲)
      So I know that some of you are still adjusting to being back at school.But I’m here today because I have something important to discuss with you.I’m here because I want to talk with you about your education and what’s expected of all of you in this new school year.我知道你們有些人還在適應(yīng)開(kāi)學(xué)后的生活。但我今天來(lái)到這里是因?yàn)橛兄匾氖虑橐湍銈冋f(shuō)。我來(lái)這里是要和你們談?wù)勀銈兊慕逃龁?wèn)題，以及在這個(gè)新學(xué)年對(duì)你們所有人的期望。
      Now, I’ve given a lot of speeches about education.And I’ve talked about responsibility a lot.我做過(guò)很多次有關(guān)教育問(wèn)題的演講。我多次談到過(guò)責(zé)任問(wèn)題。
      I’ve talked about teachers’ responsibility for inspiring students and pushing you to learn.我談到過(guò)教師激勵(lì)學(xué)生并督促他們學(xué)習(xí)的責(zé)任。
      I’ve talked about your parents’ responsibility for making sure you stay on track, and you get your homework done, and don’t spend every waking hour in front of the TV or with the Xbox.我談到過(guò)家長(zhǎng)的責(zé)任，要確保你們走正路，完成家庭作業(yè)，不要整天坐在電視前或玩Xbox游戲。
      I’ve talked a lot about your government’s responsibility for setting high standards, and supporting teachers and principals, and turning around schools that aren’t working, where students aren’t getting the opportunities that they deserve.我多次談到過(guò)政府的責(zé)任，要制定高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，支持教師和校長(zhǎng)的工作，徹底改善不能為學(xué)生提供應(yīng)有機(jī)會(huì)的、教育質(zhì)量差的學(xué)校。
      But at the end of the day, we can have the most dedicated teachers, the most supportive parents, the best schools in the world--and none of it will make a difference, none of it will matter unless all of you fulfill your responsibilities, unless you show up to those schools, unless you pay attention to those teachers, unless you listen to your parents and grandparents and other adults and put in the hard work it takes to succeed.That’s what I want to focus on today: the responsibility each of you has for your education.然而，即使我們擁有最敬業(yè)的教師，最盡力的家長(zhǎng)和全世界最好的學(xué)?！绻銈兇蠹也宦男心銈兊呢?zé)任，不到校上課，不專心聽(tīng)講，不聽(tīng)家長(zhǎng)、祖父祖母和其他大人的話，不付出取得成功所必須的勤奮努力，那么這一切都毫無(wú)用處，都無(wú)關(guān)緊要。這就是我今天講話的重點(diǎn)：你們每個(gè)人對(duì)自己的教育應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任。I want to start with the responsibility you have to yourself.Every single one of you has something that you’re good at.Every single one of you has something to offer.And you have a responsibility to yourself to discover what that is.That’s the opportunity an education can provide.我首先要講講你們對(duì)自己應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任。你們每個(gè)人都有自己的長(zhǎng)處。你們每個(gè)人都能做出自己的貢獻(xiàn)。你們對(duì)自己應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任是發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的能力所在。而教育能夠提供這樣的機(jī)會(huì)。
      Maybe you could be a great writer--maybe even good enough to write a book or articles in a newspaper--but you might not know it until you write that English paper--that English class paper that’s assigned to you.Maybe you could be an innovator or an inventor--maybe even good enough to come up with the next iPhone or the new medicine or vaccine--but you might not know it until you do your project for your science class.Maybe you could be a mayor or a senator or a Supreme Court justice--but you might not know that until you join student government or the debate team.你或許能成為一名出色的作家——甚至可能寫書或在報(bào)紙上發(fā)表文章——但你可能要在完成那篇英文課的作文后才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的才華。你或許能成為一名創(chuàng)新者或發(fā)明家——甚至可能設(shè)計(jì)出新一代iPhone或研制出新型藥物或疫苗——但你可能要在完成科學(xué)課的實(shí)驗(yàn)后才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的才華。你或許能成為一名市長(zhǎng)或參議員或最高法院的大法官——但你可能要在參加學(xué)生會(huì)的工作或辯論隊(duì)后才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的才華。
      And no matter what you want to do with your life, I guarantee that you’ll need an education to do it.You want to be a doctor, or a teacher, or a police officer? You want to be a nurse or an architect, a lawyer or a member of our military? You’re going to need a good education for every single one of those careers.You cannot drop out of school and just drop into a good job.You’ve got to train for it and work for it and learn for it.不論你的生活志向是什么，我敢肯定你必須上學(xué)讀書才能實(shí)現(xiàn)它。你想當(dāng)醫(yī)生、教師或警官嗎？你想當(dāng)護(hù)士、建筑師、律師或軍人嗎？你必須接受良好的教育，才能從事上述任何一種職業(yè)。你不能指望輟學(xué)后能碰上個(gè)好工作。你必須接受培訓(xùn)，為之努力，為之學(xué)習(xí)。
      And this isn’t just important for your own life and your own future.What you make of your education will decide nothing less than the future of this country.The future of America depends on you.What you’re learning in school today will determine whether we as a nation can meet our greatest challenges in the future.這并非只對(duì)你個(gè)人的人生和未來(lái)意義重大?？梢院敛豢浯蟮卣f(shuō)，教育給你帶來(lái)的益處將決定這個(gè)國(guó)家的未來(lái)。美國(guó)的未來(lái)取決于你們。你們今日在校學(xué)習(xí)的知識(shí)將決定我們作為一個(gè)國(guó)家是否能夠迎接我們未來(lái)所面臨的最嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。
      You’ll need the knowledge and problem-solving skills you learn in science and math to cure diseases like cancer and AIDS, and to develop new energy technologies and protect our environment.You’ll need the insights and critical-thinking skills you gain in history and social studies to fight poverty and homelessness, crime and discrimination, and make our nation more fair and more free.You’ll need the creativity and ingenuity you develop in all your classes to build new companies that will create new jobs and boost our economy.你們將需要利用你們通過(guò)自然科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)課程所學(xué)到的知識(shí)和解決問(wèn)題的能力來(lái)治愈癌癥、艾滋病及其他疾病，開(kāi)發(fā)新的能源技術(shù)和保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境。你們將需要利用你們?cè)跉v史學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)課堂上所獲得的知識(shí)和獨(dú)立思考能力來(lái)抗擊貧困和解決無(wú)家可歸問(wèn)題，打擊犯罪和消除歧視，使我們的國(guó)家更公平、更自由。你們將需要利用你們?cè)谒姓n堂上培養(yǎng)的創(chuàng)造力和智慧來(lái)創(chuàng)辦新公司，增加就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，振興我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)。
      We need every single one of you to develop your talents and your skills and your intellect so you can help us old folks solve our most difficult problems.If you don’t do that--if you quit on school--you’re not just quitting on yourself, you’re quitting on your country.004km.cn 我們需要你們每個(gè)人發(fā)揮你們的聰明才智和技能，以便幫助老一輩人解決我們面臨的最棘手問(wèn)題。如果你們不這樣做，如果你們輟學(xué)，你們不僅僅是自暴自棄，也是拋棄自己的國(guó)家。
      Now, I know it’s not always easy to do well in school.I know a lot of you have challenges in your lives right now that can make it hard to focus on your schoolwork.我自然知道要做到學(xué)業(yè)優(yōu)秀并非總是易事。我知道你們?cè)S多人在生活中面臨挑戰(zhàn)，難以集中精力從事學(xué)業(yè)。I get it.I know what it’s like.My father left my family when I was two years old, and I was raised by a single mom who had to work and who struggled at times to pay the bills and wasn’t always able to give us the things that other kids had.There were times when I missed having a father in my life.There were times when I was lonely and I felt like I didn’t fit in.我明白這一點(diǎn)。我有親身感受。兩歲時(shí)，我父親離家而去，我是由一位單親母親撫養(yǎng)成人的，母親不得不工作，并時(shí)常為支付生活費(fèi)用而苦苦掙扎，但有時(shí)仍無(wú)法為我們提供其他孩子享有的東西。有時(shí)，我渴望生活中能有一位父親。有時(shí)我感到孤獨(dú)，感到自己不適應(yīng)社會(huì)。
      So I wasn’t always as focused as I should have been on school, and I did some things I’m not proud of, and I got in more trouble than I should have.And my life could have easily taken a turn for the worse.我并非總是像我應(yīng)該做到的那樣專心學(xué)習(xí)，我也曾做過(guò)我如今不能引以為豪的一些事情，我曾惹過(guò)不應(yīng)該惹的麻煩。我的人生原本會(huì)輕易陷入更糟糕的境地。
      But I was--I was lucky.I got a lot of second chances, and I had the opportunity to go to college and law school and follow my dreams.My wife, our First Lady Michelle Obama, she has a similar story.Neither of her parents had gone to college, and they didn’t have a lot of money.But they worked hard, and she worked hard, so that she could go to the best schools in this country.但是，我當(dāng)年際遇不錯(cuò)。我有過(guò)許多第二次機(jī)會(huì)，我有幸能上大學(xué)，上法學(xué)院，追求自己的理想。我的妻子，我們的第一夫人米歇爾?奧巴馬，也有著類似的經(jīng)歷。她的父母都未曾上過(guò)大學(xué)，家里很窮。但他們非常勤奮，她也是如此，因此她得以進(jìn)入一些美國(guó)最好的學(xué)校。
      Some of you might not have those advantages.Maybe you don’t have adults in your life who give you the support that you need.Maybe someone in your family has lost their job and there’s not enough money to go around.Maybe you live in a neighborhood where you don’t feel safe, or have friends who are pressuring you to do things you know aren’t right.你們中有一些人可能沒(méi)有那些有利條件?；蛟S你們生活中沒(méi)有成年人為你們提供你們所需要的支持?；蛟S你們家中有人失業(yè)，經(jīng)濟(jì)非常拮據(jù)?；蛟S你們生活在使你們感覺(jué)不安全的社區(qū)，或有朋友逼迫你們?nèi)プ瞿銈冎啦粚?duì)的事情。
      But at the end of the day, the circumstances of your life--what you look like, where you come from, how much money you have, what you’ve got going on at home--none of that is an excuse for neglecting your homework or having a bad attitude in school.That’s no excuse for talking back to your teacher, or cutting class, or dropping out of school.There is no excuse for not trying.然而說(shuō)到底，你們生活的環(huán)境、你們的膚色、你們的原籍、你們的經(jīng)濟(jì)收入、你們家中的境況等等，這一切都不能成為你們不用功或不努力的理由。你們沒(méi)有理由不服從你們的老師、逃學(xué)、或輟學(xué)。沒(méi)有理由不付出努力。
      Where you are right now doesn’t have to determine where you’ll end up.No one’s written your destiny for you, because here in America, you write your own destiny.You make your own future.你們目前的狀況并不決定著你們的未來(lái)。沒(méi)有人決定你們的命運(yùn)，在美國(guó)，你們決定自己的命運(yùn)。你們掌握自己的未來(lái)。
      That’s what young people like you are doing every day, all across America.這就是像你們這樣的年輕人每天都在做的事情，全美各地都是如此。Young people like Jazmin Perez, from Roma, Texas.Jazmin didn’t speak English when she first started school.Neither of her parents had gone to college.But she worked hard, earned good grades, and got a scholarship to Brown University--is now in graduate school, studying public health, on her way to becoming Dr.Jazmin Perez.來(lái)自得州羅馬城的賈茲敏?佩雷斯(Jazmin Perez)就是一個(gè)例證，她剛開(kāi)始上學(xué)時(shí)并不會(huì)說(shuō)英文。她的父母都沒(méi)有上過(guò)大學(xué)。然而，她非常勤奮，成績(jī)優(yōu)秀，獲得了布朗大學(xué)的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，她如今正在讀研究生，攻讀公共衛(wèi)生專業(yè)，不久將成為賈茲敏?佩雷斯博士。
      I’m thinking about Andoni Schultz, from Los Altos, California, who’s fought brain cancer since he was three.He’s had to endure all sorts of treatments and surgeries, one of which affected his memory, so it took him much longer--hundreds of extra hours--to do his schoolwork.But he never fell behind.He’s headed to college this fall.我想起了加州洛斯阿爾托斯城的安多尼?舒爾茨(Andoni Schultz)，他從三歲開(kāi)始就一直與腦癌進(jìn)行抗?fàn)?，他不得不忍受各類治療和手術(shù)帶來(lái)的痛苦，其中一項(xiàng)手術(shù)曾影響了他的記憶，因此他花在功課上的時(shí)間比一般人長(zhǎng)得多，要多出數(shù)百個(gè)小時(shí)。然而，他從未落后。他今年秋季將邁進(jìn)大學(xué)。
      And then there’s Shantell Steve, from my hometown of Chicago, Illinois.Even when bouncing from foster home to foster home in the toughest neighborhoods in the city, she managed to get a job at a local health care center, start a program to keep young people out of gangs, and she’s on track to graduate high school with honors and go on to college.我還想起家鄉(xiāng)伊利諾伊州芝加哥市的尚特爾?史蒂夫(Shantell Steve)。她曾在芝加哥最困難的社區(qū)生活，寄養(yǎng)于多個(gè)不同的家庭，但她最終在一家地方醫(yī)療中心找到工作，并開(kāi)始了一項(xiàng)幫助年輕人遠(yuǎn)離流氓團(tuán)伙的計(jì)劃，她即將以優(yōu)異成績(jī)從中學(xué)畢業(yè)，緊接著將上大學(xué)。
      And Jazmin, Andoni, and Shantell aren’t any different from any of you.They face challenges in their lives just like you do.In some cases they’ve got it a lot worse off than many of you.But they refused to give up.They chose to take responsibility for their lives, for their education, and set goals for themselves.And I expect all of you to do the same.004km.cn
      賈茲敏、安多尼和尚特爾與你們中間的每個(gè)人沒(méi)什么兩樣。跟你們一樣，他們?cè)谏钪忻媾R種種挑戰(zhàn)。在某些情況下，他們的處境比起你們?cè)S多人更差。但他們拒絕放棄。他們決定要為自己的一生、自己的教育負(fù)起責(zé)任，為自己設(shè)定各項(xiàng)奮斗目標(biāo)。我期待你們大家都會(huì)這樣做。
      That’s why today I’m calling on each of you to set your own goals for your education--and do everything you can to meet them.Your goal can be something as simple as doing all your homework, paying attention in class, or spending some time each day reading a book.Maybe you’ll decide to get involved in an extracurricular activity, or volunteer in your community.Maybe you’ll decide to stand up for kids who are being teased or bullied because of who they are or how they look, because you believe, like I do, that all young people deserve a safe environment to study and learn.Maybe you’ll decide to take better care of yourself so you can be more ready to learn.And along those lines, by the way, I hope all of you are washing your hands a lot, and that you stay home from school when you don’t feel well, so we can keep people from getting the flu this fall and winter.因此，我今天呼吁你們每一個(gè)人為自己的教育設(shè)定目標(biāo)，并盡自己的最大努力來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)。你的目標(biāo)可以是一件十分簡(jiǎn)單的事情，例如完成家庭作業(yè)、上課專心聽(tīng)講、或每天花一點(diǎn)時(shí)間讀一本書。也許你會(huì)決定要參加課外活動(dòng)或在你的社區(qū)提供志愿服務(wù)。也許你會(huì)決定挺身而出保護(hù)那些因?yàn)樯矸莼蜷L(zhǎng)相而受人戲弄或欺負(fù)的孩子，原因是你和我一樣認(rèn)為所有的年輕人都應(yīng)該享有一個(gè)適合讀書和學(xué)習(xí)的安全環(huán)境。也許你會(huì)決定更好地照料自己，以便有更充沛的精力來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。順便提一下，除了這些事情外，我希望大家要勤洗手，身體感到不舒服的時(shí)候要呆在家里不去上學(xué)，這樣我們能防止人們?cè)诮衲昵锒竟?jié)染上流感。
      But whatever you resolve to do, I want you to commit to it.I want you to really work at it.但無(wú)論你決定做什么，我希望你保證去做。我希望你腳踏實(shí)地地去做。I know that sometimes you get that sense from TV that you can be rich and successful without any hard work--that your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or being a reality TV star.Chances are you’re not going to be any of those things.我知道有時(shí)候你會(huì)從電視上得到這樣的印象：你不用做任何艱苦的工作就能發(fā)財(cái)致富并取得成功，唱小調(diào)、打籃球或成為真人秀明星是走向成功的途徑。但實(shí)際情況是：你可能不會(huì)成為其中的一員。
      The truth is, being successful is hard.You won’t love every subject that you study.You won’t click with every teacher that you have.Not every homework assignment will seem completely relevant to your life right at this minute.And you won’t necessarily succeed at everything the first time you try.事實(shí)上，取得成功不是輕而易舉的事情。你不會(huì)喜歡你學(xué)習(xí)的每一門課目。你不會(huì)與你的每一位老師都很投契。不是所有的家庭作業(yè)似乎都與你眼前的生活完全有關(guān)。你第一次嘗試做每件事的時(shí)候，不一定成功。
      That’s okay.Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who’ve had the most failures.J.K.Rowling’s--who wrote Harry Potter--her first Harry Potter book was rejected 12 times before it was finally published.Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team.He lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots during his career.But he once said, “I have failed over and over and over again in my life.And that’s why I succeed.”
      這些都沒(méi)關(guān)系。世界上最成功的人士中有一些是遭遇失敗最多的人。作者J?K?羅琳(J.K.Rowling)所寫的系列小說(shuō)《哈利?波特》(Harry Potter)第一部在獲得出版之前被退稿12次。邁克爾?喬丹(Michael Jordan)曾被他的高中籃球隊(duì)除名。在喬丹的籃球生涯中，他輸過(guò)數(shù)百場(chǎng)比賽，有成千上萬(wàn)個(gè)球沒(méi)有投中。但他曾說(shuō)過(guò)：“在我的一生中，我失敗了一次又一次、一次又一次。這就是我成功的原因?！? These people succeeded because they understood that you can’t let your failures define you--you have to let your failures teach you.You have to let them show you what to do differently the next time.So if you get into trouble, that doesn’t mean you’re a troublemaker, it means you need to try harder to act right.If you get a bad grade, that doesn’t mean you’re stupid, it just means you need to spend more time studying.這些人士獲得成功，因?yàn)樗麄兌茫耗悴荒茏屖?lái)限制你，而必須讓失敗來(lái)開(kāi)導(dǎo)你。你必須讓失敗向你展示下次如何以不同的方式去做這件事情。因此，如果你遇到麻煩，那并不表示你是麻煩的制造者，而意味著你需要更加努力去把它做對(duì)。如果你有一門課分?jǐn)?shù)低，那不表示你比別人笨，而只表示你需要花更多的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)。
      No one’s born being good at all things.You become good at things through hard work.You’re not a varsity athlete the first time you play a new sport.You don’t hit every note the first time you sing a song.You’ve got to practice.The same principle applies to your schoolwork.You might have to do a math problem a few times before you get it right.You might have to read something a few times before you understand it.You definitely have to do a few drafts of a paper before it’s good enough to hand in.沒(méi)有一個(gè)人天生擅長(zhǎng)做各種事情。你通過(guò)勤奮而變得擅長(zhǎng)于各種事情。第一次從事新的體育項(xiàng)目時(shí)，你不可能是一位主力隊(duì)員。第一次唱一首歌曲時(shí)，你不可能唱準(zhǔn)每個(gè)音。你必須練習(xí)。同樣的道理適用于你的學(xué)業(yè)。你可能要把一道數(shù)學(xué)題做幾次才把它做對(duì)。你可能要把一些材料閱讀幾遍才能理解。在交出一篇優(yōu)美的作文之前，你肯定需要打幾遍草稿。
      Don’t be afraid to ask questions.Don’t be afraid to ask for help when you need it.I do that every day.Asking for help isn’t a sign of weakness, it’s a sign of strength because it shows you have the courage to admit when you don’t know something, and that then allows you to learn something new.So find an adult that you trust--a parent, a grandparent or teacher, a coach or a counselor--and ask them to help you stay on track to meet your goals.不要害怕提問(wèn)。不要在需要幫助時(shí)害怕請(qǐng)求別人幫助。我天天請(qǐng)求別人的幫助。請(qǐng)求幫助不是軟弱的表現(xiàn)，它是力量的標(biāo)志，因?yàn)樗砻髂阌杏職獬姓J(rèn)自己對(duì)某些事情不懂，這樣做會(huì)使你學(xué)到新的東西。因此，請(qǐng)確定一位你信任的成年人，例如家長(zhǎng)、祖父母或老師、教練或輔導(dǎo)員，請(qǐng)他們幫助你遵循既定計(jì)劃實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。
      And even when you’re struggling, even when you’re discouraged, and you feel like other people have given up on you, don’t ever give up on yourself, because when you give up on yourself, you give up on your country.即使當(dāng)你苦苦掙扎、灰心喪氣、感到其他人對(duì)你不抱希望時(shí)，也不要對(duì)你自己?jiǎn)适判模驗(yàn)楫?dāng)你自暴自棄時(shí)，你也拋棄了自己的國(guó)家。
      The story of America isn’t about people who quit when things got tough.It’s about people who kept going, who tried harder, who loved their country too much to do anything less than their best.書寫美國(guó)歷史的不是在困難時(shí)刻退縮的人，而是堅(jiān)持不懈、加倍努力的人，他們對(duì)國(guó)家的愛(ài)促使他們?nèi)σ愿?。It’s the story of students who sat where you sit 250 years ago, and went on to wage a revolution and they founded this nation.Young people.Students who sat where you sit 75 years ago who overcame a Depression and won a world war;who fought for civil rights and put a man on the moon.Students who sat where you sit 20 years ago who founded Google and Twitter and Facebook and changed the way we communicate with each other.書寫美國(guó)歷史的是250年前坐在你們的位置上的學(xué)生，他們后來(lái)進(jìn)行了獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)并創(chuàng)建了這個(gè)國(guó)家。還有75年前坐在你們的位置上的年輕人和學(xué)生，他們走出了大蕭條并打贏了一場(chǎng)世界大戰(zhàn)；他們?yōu)槊駲?quán)而奮斗并把宇航員送上了月球。至于20年前坐在你們的位置上的學(xué)生，他們創(chuàng)辦了谷歌(Google)、嘰喳網(wǎng)(Twitter)和臉譜網(wǎng)(Facebook)，改變了我們交流溝通的方式。
      So today, I want to ask all of you, what’s your contribution going to be? What problems are you going to solve? What discoveries will you make? What will a President who comes here in 20 or 50 or 100 years say about what all of you did for this country? 而今天，我要問(wèn)問(wèn)你們大家，你們將做出什么貢獻(xiàn)？你們將解決什么問(wèn)題？你們將有什么發(fā)現(xiàn)？20年、50年或100年后來(lái)到這里講話的總統(tǒng)將會(huì)怎樣評(píng)價(jià)你們大家為這個(gè)國(guó)家所做的一切？
      Now, your families, your teachers, and I are doing everything we can to make sure you have the education you need to answer these questions.I’m working hard to fix up your classrooms and get you the books and the equipment and the computers you need to learn.But you’ve got to do your part, too.So I expect all of you to get serious this year.I expect you to put your best effort into everything you do.I expect great things from each of you.So don’t let us down.Don’t let your family down or your country down.Most of all, don’t let yourself down.Make us all proud.你們的家人、你們的老師和我正在竭盡全力保證你們接受必要的教育，以便回答上述問(wèn)題。我正在努力工作，以便你們的教室得到修繕，你們能夠得到學(xué)習(xí)所需的課本、設(shè)備和電腦。但你們也必須盡自己的努力。因此，我希望你們大家從今年起認(rèn)真對(duì)待這個(gè)問(wèn)題。我希望你們盡最大努力做好每一件事。我希望你們每個(gè)人都有出色的表現(xiàn)。不要讓我們失望。不要讓你們的家人或你們的國(guó)家失望。而最重要的是，不要辜負(fù)你們自己，而要讓我們都能[為你們]感到驕傲。Thank you very much, everybody.God bless you.God bless America.Thank you.(Applause.)非常感謝你們大家。愿主保佑你們。愿主保佑美國(guó)。謝謝你們。(掌聲)
      第四篇：奧巴馬對(duì)學(xué)生的演講
      奧巴馬校園開(kāi)學(xué)演講
      綜合媒體9月14日?qǐng)?bào)道，根據(jù)白宮發(fā)布的發(fā)布的演講摘要透露，奧巴馬總統(tǒng)14日的演講將譴責(zé)校園暴力，告訴學(xué)生們其自身在高中校園中所進(jìn)行的種族身份斗爭(zhēng)。奧巴馬將表示，作為一名青少年并不容易，正是一個(gè)需要處理很多事情的時(shí)期。當(dāng)他還是學(xué)生時(shí)，他當(dāng)時(shí)質(zhì)疑他是誰(shuí)？一個(gè)白人母親和一個(gè)黑人父親的兒子意味著什么？你們中的一些人可能目前也在經(jīng)歷著自己的問(wèn)題，尋求是什么因素導(dǎo)致你與眾不同。
      此次奧巴馬在費(fèi)城朱莉婭馬斯特曼實(shí)驗(yàn)室與示范學(xué)校（Julia R.Masterman Laboratory and Demonstration School）的演講，據(jù)其第一次在學(xué)校演講約一年多的時(shí)間。當(dāng)時(shí)，奧巴馬的演講引起了共和黨和保守派的爭(zhēng)議，擔(dān)心其利用這一機(jī)會(huì)宣傳自己的政治議程。奧巴馬在當(dāng)時(shí)演講的結(jié)尾，也呼吁學(xué)生們要努力學(xué)習(xí)，這與14日的演講頗為相似。
      奧巴馬總統(tǒng)將宣布，一所高性能的學(xué)校在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中贏得勝利，他將在這所學(xué)校的開(kāi)學(xué)典禮上進(jìn)行發(fā)言。奧巴馬表示，如果你的學(xué)校是勝者，如果你向大家展示，老師、學(xué)生和家長(zhǎng)正在齊心協(xié)力為孩子的職業(yè)生涯作出規(guī)劃，如果你能展示將如何回饋社區(qū)和國(guó)家，他將以個(gè)人身份對(duì)其表示祝賀，并在其開(kāi)學(xué)典禮上進(jìn)行演講。
      奧巴馬也將在演講中承認(rèn)，美國(guó)目前面臨的嚴(yán)峻的經(jīng)濟(jì)和安全挑戰(zhàn)，許多學(xué)生應(yīng)該能夠從其父母的表情和聲音中感覺(jué)到。他將稱，許多學(xué)生將不得不表現(xiàn)的比真實(shí)年齡成熟，當(dāng)其兄弟姐妹在海外服役時(shí)，必須變得強(qiáng)大起來(lái)；當(dāng)其母親外出工作時(shí)，必須幫助照看年幼的弟妹；當(dāng)其父親失業(yè)后，必須利用課余時(shí)間找一份兼職。
      奧巴馬還將向?qū)W生表示，沒(méi)有人能夠撰寫你們的生命，除了你們自己。未來(lái)在自己的手中，生活由自己創(chuàng)造，沒(méi)有任何事情是超越自己的控制的。
      美國(guó)總統(tǒng)奧巴馬開(kāi)學(xué)演講英語(yǔ)演講稿。這是奧巴馬第二次發(fā)表開(kāi)學(xué)演講。奧巴馬2009年的演講招來(lái)了許多批評(píng)和抵制。一些反對(duì)者指責(zé)稱，奧巴馬試圖通過(guò)演講向?qū)W生灌輸政治理念。部分媒體還批評(píng)奧巴馬試圖建立個(gè)人崇拜。在美國(guó)各地，也有許多家長(zhǎng)向當(dāng)?shù)亟逃賳T表示抗議，一些家長(zhǎng)甚至威脅在奧巴馬演講時(shí)把孩子離教室。有了去年的“教訓(xùn)”，今年的總統(tǒng)開(kāi)學(xué)演講，白宮意強(qiáng)調(diào)這是一次“非政治活動(dòng)”，而奧巴馬本人也在演講中回避政治話題。
      Thank you!Hello!(Applause.)Thank you.Thank you.Well, hello, Philadelphia!(Applause.)And hello, Masterman.It is wonderful to see all of you.What a terrific introduction by Kelly.Give Kelly a big round of
      applause.(Applause.)I was saying backstage that when I was in high school, I could not have done that.(Laughter.)I would have muffed it up somehow.So we are so proud of you and everything that you’ve done.And to all the students here, I’m thrilled to
      謝謝！你們好?。ㄕ坡?。）謝謝。謝謝。你好，費(fèi)城?。ㄕ坡暋＃┠愫?，馬斯特曼。見(jiàn)到你們真是太好了。Kelly的介紹真是太棒了。讓我們對(duì)Kelly報(bào)以熱烈的掌聲。在后臺(tái)的時(shí)候我說(shuō)，我上高中的時(shí)候我就做不這么好，我可能會(huì)弄的一團(tuán)糟。所以讓我們?yōu)槟愫湍阕龅囊磺凶院腊?。站在這里我很激動(dòng)。be here.kelly 在奧巴馬總統(tǒng)演講前，一名叫Kelly的學(xué)生做了演講。backstage n.后臺(tái)
      muff v.笨拙地處理，將事情弄糟 thrilled a.激動(dòng)的
      We’ve got a couple introductions I want to make.First of all, you’ve got the outstanding governor of Pennsylvania, Ed Rendell, in the house.(Applause.)The mayor of Philadelphia, Michael Nutter, is here.(Applause.)Congressman Chaka Fattah is here.(Applause.)Congresswoman  Allyson Schwartz is here.(Applause.)Your own principal, Marge Neff, is here.(Applause.)The school superintendent, Arlene Ackerman, is here and doing a great job.(Applause.)And the Secretary of Education, Arne Duncan, is here.(Applause.)
      outstanding a.杰出的 Congressman n.國(guó)會(huì)議員 principal n.校長(zhǎng) superintendent n.院長(zhǎng)
      我想介紹幾個(gè)人。首先，來(lái)到這兒的有，杰出的賓夕法尼亞州州長(zhǎng)，Ed Rendell。（掌聲。）費(fèi)城市長(zhǎng)，Michael Nutter。國(guó)會(huì)議員Fattah和Allyson Schwartz（掌聲）。你們的校長(zhǎng)Marge Neff（掌聲）。學(xué)校管理人Arlene Ackerman是這個(gè)學(xué)校的，并且為學(xué)校做了很大的貢獻(xiàn)。（掌聲）。還有教育部秘書長(zhǎng)Arne Duncan。（掌聲）
      And I am here.(Applause.)And I am thrilled to be here.I am just so excited.I’ve heard such great things
      about what all of you are doing, both the students and the teachers and the staff here.Today is about welcoming all of you, and all of America’s students, back to school, even though I know you’ve been in school for a little bit now.And I  can’t think of a better place to do it than at Masterman.(Applause.)Because you
      還有我。（掌聲），我感到非常的激動(dòng)。我耳聞了你們做的那些偉大的事，這里面有在校的學(xué)生，老師和工作人員。
      今天歡迎你們，歡迎每一個(gè)美國(guó)學(xué)生回校上課，當(dāng)然你們?cè)趯W(xué)校已經(jīng)呆了一段時(shí)間了。我想不出除了在Masterman外，還有哪個(gè)地方更適合做這件事。（掌聲）因?yàn)槟銈兪琴M(fèi)城最好的學(xué)校之一。你們?cè)诮逃矫媸穷I(lǐng)are one of the best schools in Philadelphia.You are a leader in helping students succeed in the classroom.Just last week, you were recognized by a National Blue Ribbon--as a National Blue Ribbon School because of your record of achievement.And that is a testament to everybody here –-to the students, to the parents, to the teachers, to the school leaders.It’s an example of excellence that I hope communities across America can embrace.embrace vt.擁抱；接受
      頭軍。就在上周，由于你們的卓越貢獻(xiàn)，被授為國(guó)家藍(lán)絲帶勛章。這是對(duì)每個(gè)人的見(jiàn)證，對(duì)學(xué)生，家長(zhǎng)，老師還有學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。我希望全美的社會(huì)團(tuán)體都能欣然接受這個(gè)杰出代表的例子。
      Over the past few weeks, Michelle and I have been getting Sasha and Malia ready for school.And they’re excited about it.I’ll bet they had the same feelings that you do--you’re a little sad to see the summer go, but you’re also excited about the possibilities of a new
      year.The possibilities of building new friendships and strengthening old ones, of joining a school club, or trying out for a team.The possibilities of growing into a better student and a better person and making not just your family proud but making yourself proud.build friendships 結(jié)交新朋友
      幾周前，我和Michelle為Sasha和Malia上學(xué)的事做準(zhǔn)備。她們兩個(gè)對(duì)這非常的期待。我敢打賭她們和你們一樣，有著相同的感覺(jué)。你們?yōu)橄奶斓氖湃ザ駛?，但是你們更?yīng)該期待新的一年。如你們可以結(jié)交新的朋友，加深同老朋友的感情，加入學(xué)校俱樂(lè)部，參加各種團(tuán)隊(duì)的選拔賽。成長(zhǎng)為一個(gè)更優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生和個(gè)人，不僅僅讓你的家人自豪，同樣讓你們自己也很有成就感。
      But I know some of you may also be a little nervous about starting a new school year.Maybe you’re making the jump from elementary to middle school, or from middle school to high school, and you’re worried about what that’s going to be like.Maybe you’re starting a new
      school.You’re not sure how you’ll like it, trying to figure out how you’re going to fit in.Or maybe you’re a senior, and you’re anxious about the whole college process;about where to apply and whether you can afford to go to college.elementary school n.小學(xué) figure out 想明白，弄清楚
      我知道，你們中有些人在新學(xué)年會(huì)有些緊張。或許你剛從小學(xué)升到初中，從初中升到高中，會(huì)擔(dān)心，新的學(xué)年將會(huì)是什么樣的呢。也許你進(jìn)入一所新的學(xué)校，不知道是否會(huì)喜歡這個(gè)學(xué)校，想著怎么來(lái)融入這個(gè)學(xué)校。或許你到了高三年級(jí)，對(duì)整個(gè)的大學(xué)入學(xué)程序感到不安，比如申請(qǐng)那里的學(xué)校，能不能支付上大學(xué)的費(fèi)用等等。fit in 融入，適應(yīng) afford to do 承擔(dān)得起
      And beyond all those concerns, I know a lot of you are also feeling the strain of some difficult times.You know what’s going on in the news and you also know what’s going on in some of your own families.You’ve read about the war  in Afghanistan.You hear about the recession that we’ve been through.And sometimes maybe you’re seeing the worries in your parents’ faces or sense it in their voice.strain n.壓力
      除此之外，我知道你們還有來(lái)自困難時(shí)期的壓力。你們知道新聞內(nèi)容，知道你們一些家庭中發(fā)發(fā)生的事情。你們讀過(guò)有關(guān)阿富汗戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的信息，聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)我們經(jīng)歷過(guò)的經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣。有時(shí)你們還看到了雙親臉上掛著的憂慮，或從他們的聲音中感受到了這些。
      So a lot of you as a consequence, because we’re going through a tough time a country, are having to act a lot older than you are.You got to be strong for your family while your brother or sister is serving overseas, or you’ve got to  look after younger siblings while your mom is working that second shift.Or maybe some of you who are little bit older, you’re taking on a part-time job while your dad’s out of work.as a consequence 結(jié)果，所以
      tough time 困難時(shí)期【tough a.艱難的】 sibling n.兄弟姐妹，同胞 shift n.輪班
      所以，因?yàn)槲覀儑?guó)家面臨困難時(shí)期，你們?cè)S多人的行為看上去比實(shí)際年齡要大。姐姐哥哥在海外工作，你們會(huì)表現(xiàn)得堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，或許媽媽去值第二班，你們就要照顧年幼的弟弟妹妹。或許你們有些人年長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)的，父親失了業(yè)，你們還要做兼職。
      And that’s a lot to handle.It’s more than you should have to handle.And it may make you wonder at times what your own future will look like, whether
      you’re going to be able to succeed in school, whether you should maybe set your sights a little lower, scale back your dreams.handle v.處理，應(yīng)對(duì) scale back 縮減
      有太多事情要做了，很多是你們不應(yīng)該做的。這讓你們迷茫，不知道自己的未來(lái)會(huì)是什么樣，在學(xué)校能不能取得好成績(jī)，是不是應(yīng)該把目光降低些，把理想放低些。
      But I came to Masterman to tell all of you what I think you’re hearing
      from your principal and your superintendent, and from your parents and  但是，我來(lái)到馬斯特曼，告訴你們一句話。我想這句話你們的校長(zhǎng)、院長(zhǎng)、父母以及老師都曾告訴過(guò)你們，那就是，沒(méi)有your teachers: Nobody gets to write your destiny but you.Your future is in your hands.Your life is what you make of it.And nothing--absolutely nothing--is beyond your reach, so long as you’re willing to dream big, so long as you’re willing to work hard.So long as you’re willing to stay focused on your education, there is not a single thing that any of you cannot accomplish, not a single thing.I believe that.destiny n.命運(yùn) accomplish v.完成
      人，只有你才能書寫你自己的命運(yùn)。未來(lái)在你自己手中，生活由自己締造。只要志向遠(yuǎn)大，并努力為之奮斗，沒(méi)有什么是不能得到的。只要你專注于學(xué)業(yè)，沒(méi)有什么事不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。我確信。
      And that last part is absolutely essential, that part about really working hard in school, because an education has never been more important than it is today.I’m sure there are going to be times in the months ahead when you’re  staying up late doing your homework or cramming for a test, or you’re dragging yourself out of bed on a rainy morning and you’re thinking, oh, boy, I wish maybe it was a snow day.(Laughter.)absolutely ad.絕對(duì)地
      cram v.臨時(shí)抱佛腳；吃得過(guò)飽
      最后這一點(diǎn)，在學(xué)校努力奮斗是必要的。因?yàn)榻逃龔奈聪瘳F(xiàn)在這樣重要。我確信，幾個(gè)月后會(huì)有一段時(shí)間，你們會(huì)完善熬夜寫作業(yè)，為考試臨時(shí)抱佛腳，或者在一個(gè)雨天的早晨把自己從被窩里拖出來(lái)，想，哦天，怎么不是下雪天？?。ㄐΓ?/p>
      But let me tell you, what you’re doing is worth it.There is nothing more important than what you’re doing right
      now.Nothing is going to have as great an impact on your success in life as your education, how you’re doing in school.More and more, the kinds of opportunities that are open to you are going to be determined by how far you go in school.The farther you go in school, the farther you’re going to go in life.And at a time when other countries  are competing with us like never before, when students around the world in Beijing, China, or Bangalore, India, are working harder than ever, and doing better than ever, your success in school
      但是讓我告訴你，你所做的一切都是值得的。你們現(xiàn)在要做的事情無(wú)比重要。沒(méi)有什么比你的受教育程度以及你在學(xué)校的所做之事更能決定你的成功。
      能否能抓住機(jī)遇，越來(lái)越取決于你們?cè)趯W(xué)校的努力。你們?cè)趯W(xué)校的表現(xiàn)越好，生活中就能走得越遠(yuǎn)。當(dāng)今，其他國(guó)家正與我們競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，而且比以往任何時(shí)候都激烈。在中國(guó)北京或者印度邦加羅爾的學(xué)生比以前更加努力，而且比以前表現(xiàn)更好。你們?cè)趯W(xué)校的成功并不只決定了自己一人的成功，還決定了美國(guó)在21世界是否能夠成功。is not just going to determine your success, it’s going to determine America’s success in the 21st century.So you’ve got an obligation to yourselves, and America has an obligation to you, to make sure you’re getting the best education possible.And making  sure you get that kind of education is going to take all of us working hard and all of us working hand in hand.obligation n.責(zé)任，義務(wù)
      所以，你們要承擔(dān)起這樣的責(zé)任和義務(wù)。同時(shí)國(guó)家也向你們承擔(dān)責(zé)任和義務(wù)，那就是為你們提供最好的教育，為此我們要努力，共同奮斗。
      It takes all of us in government--from the governor to the mayor to the superintendent to the President--all of us doing our part to prepare our students, all of them, for success in the classroom and in college and in a career.It’s going to take an outstanding principal，like Principal Neff, and outstanding teachers like the ones you have here at Masterman--teachers who are going above and beyond the call of duty for their students.And it’s going to take parents who are committed to your education.佳句欣賞
      所有政府工作人員，從州長(zhǎng)到市長(zhǎng)，到院長(zhǎng)，到總統(tǒng)，所有人都要履行職責(zé)為我們的學(xué)生做好準(zhǔn)備，幫助他們?cè)诮淌?、在大學(xué)、在事業(yè)上取得成功。這就需要我們有一個(gè)杰出的校長(zhǎng)，像校長(zhǎng)Neff，和優(yōu)秀的老師，正如你們的馬斯特曼的老師們。老師們要履行好對(duì)學(xué)生所應(yīng)擔(dān)負(fù)起的責(zé)任。我也希望家長(zhǎng)負(fù)起責(zé)任。
      Nobody gets to write your destiny but you.Your future is in your hands.Your life is what you make of it.沒(méi)有人，只有你才能書寫你自己的命運(yùn)。未來(lái)在你自己手中，生活由自己締造。
      背景知識(shí)
      這是奧巴馬第二次發(fā)表開(kāi)學(xué)演講。奧巴馬2009年的演講招來(lái)了許多批評(píng)和抵制。一些反對(duì)者指責(zé)稱，奧巴馬試圖通過(guò)演講向?qū)W生灌輸政治理念。部分媒體還批評(píng)奧巴馬試圖建立個(gè)人崇拜。在美國(guó)各地，也有許多家長(zhǎng)向當(dāng)?shù)亟逃賳T表示抗議，一些家長(zhǎng)甚至威脅在奧巴馬演講時(shí)把孩子離教室。有了去年的“教訓(xùn)”，今年的總統(tǒng)開(kāi)學(xué)演講，白宮意強(qiáng)調(diào)這是一次“非政治活動(dòng)”，而奧巴馬本人也在演講中回避政治話題。
      THE WHITE HOUSE
      Office of the Press Secretary _____________________________________________________________________
      ______ For Immediate Release Septe
      mber 8, 2009
      REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT IN A NATIONAL ADDRESS TO AMERICA'S SCHOOLCHILDREN
      Wakefield High School Arlington, Virginia
      12:06 P.M.EDT THE PRESIDENT: Hello, everybody!Thank you.Thank you.Thank you, everybody.All right, everybody go ahead and have a seat.How is everybody doing today?(Applause.)How about Tim Spicer?(Applause.)I am here with students at Wakefield High School in Arlington, Virginia.And we've got students tuning in from all across America, from kindergarten through 12th grade.And I am just so glad that all could join us today.And I want to thank Wakefield for being such an outstanding host.Give yourselves a big round of applause.(Applause.)I know that for many of you, today is the first day of school.And for those of you in kindergarten, or starting middle or high school, it's your first day in a new school, so it's understandable if you're a little nervous.I imagine there are some seniors out there who are feeling pretty good right now--(applause)--with just one more year to go.And no matter what grade you're in, some of you are probably wishing it were still summer and you could've stayed in bed just a little bit longer this morning.I know that feeling.When I was young, my family lived overseas.I lived in Indonesia for a few years.And my mother, she didn't have the money to send me where all the American kids went to school, but she thought it was important for me to keep up with an American education.So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself, Monday through Friday.But because she had to go to work, the only time she could do it was at 4:30 in the morning.Now, as you might imagine, I wasn't too happy about getting up that early.And a lot of times, I'd fall asleep right there at the kitchen table.But whenever I'd complain, my mother would just give me one of those looks and she'd say, “This is no picnic for me either, buster.”(Laughter.)So I know that some of you are still adjusting to being back at school.But I'm here today because I have something important to discuss with you.I'm here because I want to talk with you about your education and what's expected of all of you in this new school year.Now, I've given a lot of speeches about education.And I've talked about responsibility a lot.I've talked about teachers' responsibility for inspiring students and pushing you to learn.I've talked about your parents' responsibility for making sure you stay on track, and you get your homework done, and don't spend every waking hour in front of the TV or with the Xbox.I've talked a lot about your government's responsibility for setting high standards, and supporting teachers and principals, and turning around schools that aren't working, where students aren't getting the opportunities that they deserve.But at the end of the day, we can have the most dedicated teachers, the most supportive parents, the best schools in the world--and none of it will make a difference, none of it will matter unless all of you fulfill your responsibilities, unless you show up to those schools, unless you pay attention to those teachers, unless you listen to your parents and grandparents and other adults and put in the hard work it takes to succeed.That's what I want to focus on today: the responsibility each of you has for your education.I want to start with the responsibility you have to yourself.Every single one of you has something that you're good at.Every single one of you has something to offer.And you have a responsibility to yourself to discover what that is.That's the opportunity an education can provide.Maybe you could be a great writer--maybe even good enough to write a book or articles in a newspaper--but you might not know it until you write that English paper--that English class paper that's assigned to you.Maybe you could be an innovator or an inventor--maybe even good enough to come up with the next iPhone or the new medicine or vaccine--but you might not know it until you do your project for your science class.Maybe you could be a mayor or a senator or a Supreme Court justice--but you might not know that until you join student government or the debate team.And no matter what you want to do with your life, I guarantee that you'll need an education to do it.You want to be a doctor, or a teacher, or a police officer? You want to be a nurse or an architect, a lawyer or a member of our military? You're going to need a good education for every single one of those careers.You cannot drop out of school and just drop into a good job.You've got to train for it and work for it and learn for it.And this isn't just important for your own life and your own future.What you make of your education will decide nothing less than the future of this country.The future of America depends on you.What you're learning in school today will determine whether we as a nation can meet our greatest challenges in the future.You'll need the knowledge and problem-solving skills you learn in science and math to cure diseases like cancer and AIDS, and to develop new energy technologies and protect our environment.You'll need the insights and critical-thinking skills you gain in history and social studies to fight poverty and homelessness, crime and discrimination, and make our nation more fair and more free.You'll need the creativity and ingenuity you develop in all your classes to build new companies that will create new jobs and boost our economy.We need every single one of you to develop your talents and your skills and your intellect so you can help us old folks solve our most difficult problems.If you don't do that--if you quit on school--you're not just quitting on yourself, you're quitting on your country.Now, I know it's not always easy to do well in school.I know a lot of you have challenges in your lives right now that can make it hard to focus on your schoolwork.I get it.I know what it's like.My father left my family when I was two years old, and I was raised by a single mom who had to work and who struggled at times to pay the bills and wasn't always able to give us the things that other kids had.There were times when I missed having a father in my life.There were times when I was lonely and I felt like I didn't fit in.So I wasn't always as focused as I should have been on school, and I did some things I'm not proud of, and I got in more trouble than I should have.And my life could have easily taken a turn for the worse.But I was--I was lucky.I got a lot of second chances, and I had the opportunity to go to college and law school and follow my dreams.My wife, our First Lady Michelle Obama, she has a similar story.Neither of her parents had gone to college, and they didn't have a lot of money.But they worked hard, and she worked hard, so that she could go to the best schools in this country.Some of you might not have those advantages.Maybe you don't have adults in your life who give you the support that you need.Maybe someone in your family has lost their job and there's not enough money to go around.Maybe you live in a neighborhood where you don't feel safe, or have friends who are pressuring you to do things you know aren't right.But at the end of the day, the circumstances of your life--what you look like, where you come from, how much money you have, what you've got going on at home--none of that is an excuse for neglecting your homework or having a bad attitude in school.That's no excuse for talking back to your teacher, or cutting class, or dropping out of school.There is no excuse for not trying.Where you are right now doesn't have to determine where you'll end up.No one's written your destiny for you, because here in America, you write your own destiny.You make your own future.That's what young people like you are doing every day, all across America.Young people like Jazmin Perez, from Roma, Texas.Jazmin didn't speak English when she first started school.Neither of her parents had gone to college.But she worked hard, earned good grades, and got a scholarship to Brown University--is now in graduate school, studying public health, on her way to becoming Dr.Jazmin Perez.I'm thinking about Andoni Schultz, from Los Altos, California, who's fought brain cancer since he was three.He's had to endure all sorts of treatments and surgeries, one of which affected his memory, so it took him much longer--hundreds of extra hours--to do his schoolwork.But he never fell behind.He's headed to college this fall.And then there's Shantell Steve, from my hometown of Chicago, Illinois.Even when bouncing from foster home to foster home in the toughest neighborhoods in the city, she managed to get a job at a local health care center, start a program to keep young people out of gangs, and she's on track to graduate high school with honors and go on to college.And Jazmin, Andoni, and Shantell aren't any different from any of you.They face challenges in their lives just like you do.In some cases they've got it a lot worse off than many of you.But they refused to give up.They chose to take responsibility for their lives, for their education, and set goals for themselves.And I expect all of you to do the same.That's why today I'm calling on each of you to set your own goals for your education--and do everything you can to meet them.Your goal can be something as simple as doing all your homework, paying attention in class, or spending some time each day reading a book.Maybe you'll decide to get involved in an extracurricular activity, or volunteer in your community.Maybe you'll decide to stand up for kids who are being teased or bullied because of who they are or how they look, because you believe, like I do, that all young people deserve a safe environment to study and learn.Maybe you'll decide to take better care of yourself so you can be more ready to learn.And along those lines, by the way, I hope all of you are washing your hands a lot, and that you stay home from school when you don't feel well, so we can keep people from getting the flu this fall and winter.But whatever you resolve to do, I want you to commit to it.I want you to really work at it.I know that sometimes you get that sense from TV that you can be rich and successful without any hard work--that your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or being a reality TV star.Chances are you're not going to be any of those things.The truth is, being successful is hard.You won't love every subject that you study.You won't click with every teacher that you have.Not every homework assignment will seem completely relevant to your life right at this minute.And you won't necessarily succeed at everything the first time you try.That's okay.Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who've had the most failures.J.K.Rowling's--who wrote Harry Potter--her first Harry Potter book was rejected 12 times before it was finally published.Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team.He lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots during his career.But he once said, “I have failed over and over and over again in my life.And that's why I succeed.” These people succeeded because they understood that you can't let your failures define you--you have to let your failures teach you.You have to let them show you what to do differently the next time.So if you get into trouble, that doesn't mean you're a troublemaker, it means you need to try harder to act right.If you get a bad grade, that doesn't mean you're stupid, it just means you need to spend more time studying.No one's born being good at all things.You become good at things through hard work.You're not a varsity athlete the first time you play a new sport.You don't hit every note the first time you sing a song.You've got to practice.The same principle applies to your schoolwork.You might have to do a math problem a few times before you get it right.You might have to read something a few times before you understand it.You definitely have to do a few drafts of a paper before it's good enough to hand in.
      第五篇：奧巴馬對(duì)中學(xué)生的演講稿
      奧巴馬對(duì)中學(xué)生的演講稿
      各位同學(xué)好！謝謝！謝謝每一位同學(xué)！好，現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)每一位同學(xué)就座。今天大家都過(guò)得怎么樣？（歡呼）蒂姆·斯培塞（校長(zhǎng)，演講主持人——譯注），開(kāi)始吧？（歡呼）我現(xiàn)在正和弗吉尼亞州阿靈頓市的韋克菲爾德高中的同學(xué)們?cè)谝黄?。全美?guó)從幼兒園到高中畢業(yè)班都在收聽(tīng)收看。我很高興同大家分享這一時(shí)刻。我還要特別感謝好客的東道主，韋克菲爾德高中。來(lái)，給你們自己一個(gè)歡呼。（歡呼）
      我知道，對(duì)你們當(dāng)中的許多人而言，今天是開(kāi)學(xué)日，你們中有一些人剛?cè)雽W(xué)或剛升學(xué)，這是上新學(xué)校的第一天，所以，假如你們感到有點(diǎn)兒緊張，那也很正常。我想那些畢業(yè)班的同學(xué)此時(shí)此刻自我感覺(jué)一定非常好——（歡呼）——因?yàn)樵儆幸荒晁麄兙凸Φ聢A滿、修成正果了。不過(guò)，我想，不管是哪個(gè)年級(jí)的，也許有的同學(xué)希望現(xiàn)在還是在過(guò)暑假，今天早晨可以在床上再賴一小會(huì)兒。
      我知道這種感覺(jué)。我小時(shí)候曾移居海外，在印度尼西亞住過(guò)幾年。媽媽沒(méi)錢送我上美國(guó)孩子念書的學(xué)校。但她相信，接受美國(guó)教育對(duì)我至關(guān)重要。于是她決定星期一至五自己給我補(bǔ)課。但她又得去打工，所以只能每天凌晨 4:30 開(kāi)始教我。當(dāng)然，我也不喜歡那么早就爬起來(lái)，有好多次，我竟在餐桌上睡著了。我一撅起嘴來(lái)嘟囔，媽媽就會(huì)賞我一個(gè)臉子，說(shuō)：“儍孩子，你以為我教你有多好玩？”（笑聲）
      所以，我理解你們?cè)S多同學(xué)還需要時(shí)間來(lái)調(diào)整，來(lái)適應(yīng)開(kāi)學(xué)。但我今天來(lái)到這里，是為了和你們討論一些重要的事情。我要和你們討論你們的教育問(wèn)題，以及在新的學(xué)年里，你們都應(yīng)當(dāng)做些什么。
      我做過(guò)許多次有關(guān)教育問(wèn)題的講話。我特別強(qiáng)調(diào)責(zé)任。
      我講過(guò)老師們有責(zé)任鼓勵(lì)和啟發(fā)你們，督促你們學(xué)習(xí)。
      我講過(guò)家長(zhǎng)們有責(zé)任確保你們能在學(xué)習(xí)的狀態(tài)，按部就班，完成家庭作業(yè)，不要把很多時(shí)光都花在電視和游戲機(jī)上。
      我也多次談到過(guò)政府有責(zé)任制定嚴(yán)格的教學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，支持老師和校長(zhǎng)們的工作，扭轉(zhuǎn)某些學(xué)校工作失調(diào)、學(xué)生失學(xué)的現(xiàn)象。
      但是，即使把一切做到最好，即使有最盡職的老師、鼎力支持的家長(zhǎng)和最優(yōu)越的教學(xué)設(shè)施，如果你們不恪盡自己那一份責(zé)任，一切也都會(huì)歸于徒勞——除非你們能每天按時(shí)上學(xué)、注意聽(tīng)講、把師長(zhǎng)們的諄諄告誡銘記在心、付出成功所必需的努力，否則，一切都無(wú)濟(jì)于事！這就是今天我要鎖定的主題：對(duì)于你們所受的教育，你們每一個(gè)人都有責(zé)任，而且責(zé)無(wú)旁貸！
      我先從你們對(duì)于自己都有什么責(zé)任講起。
      你們每一個(gè)人都有自己的專長(zhǎng)。每一個(gè)人都會(huì)有所作為和貢獻(xiàn)。發(fā)現(xiàn)自己——發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的潛質(zhì)或潛能——首先就是你們自己的責(zé)任！
      教育給了你們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的機(jī)會(huì)?；蛟S你會(huì)成為一位足以著書立說(shuō)的大作家和記者，但是如果不在作文課上經(jīng)常練習(xí)寫作，你就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)?；蛟S你會(huì)成為一位革新能手或發(fā)明家，讓人們享用你開(kāi)發(fā)的新一代手機(jī)，或救死扶傷的新藥和疫苗，但如果你不上理科課、搞搞項(xiàng)目，就不會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己這方面的天賦。你將來(lái)還可能是一位市長(zhǎng)、參議員或大法官，但若不參加學(xué)生會(huì)工作或辯論團(tuán)隊(duì)，就很可能毫無(wú)覺(jué)察、自我埋沒(méi)，讓機(jī)遇擦肩而過(guò)。
      我可以向你們保證，不管你將來(lái)想要做什么工作和現(xiàn)在生活條件怎樣，你都需要接受相應(yīng)的教育，來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的理想。你想成為一位醫(yī)生、教師或警官？還是想成為一位護(hù)士、建筑師、律師或是軍人？無(wú)論你選擇哪一種職業(yè)，接受良好的教育都是必由之路，別無(wú)選擇。不完成學(xué)業(yè)就得不到一份稱心的工作。無(wú)論做什么，你都需要接受培訓(xùn)，都需要勤奮工作，都需要努力學(xué)習(xí)。
      你們所受到的教育不僅會(huì)決定你們自己的生活和前途，更重要的是將會(huì)決定國(guó)家的未來(lái)。美國(guó)的將來(lái)依靠你們。你們今天在校學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容，決定著我們國(guó)家，將來(lái)能否應(yīng)對(duì)各種重大挑戰(zhàn)。
      你們需要通過(guò)理科課程的學(xué)習(xí)，獲取知識(shí)和解決問(wèn)題的技能，治療癌癥和艾滋病，開(kāi)發(fā)新能源技術(shù)和保護(hù)人類的生存環(huán)境。你們需要從文科學(xué)習(xí)中培養(yǎng)洞察力和批判性思維，消滅貧困、愚昧、犯罪和歧視現(xiàn)象，使我們的國(guó)家更加公平和自由。你們需要在各門課程的學(xué)習(xí)中，厚積薄發(fā)，開(kāi)發(fā)自己的創(chuàng)新能力和獨(dú)門絕技，創(chuàng)業(yè)并組建公司，擴(kuò)大就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，振興我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)。
      我們需要你們每一個(gè)人都充分開(kāi)發(fā)自己的聰明才智，以幫助我們老一代人，解決我們最困難的問(wèn)題。如果你不去做，如果你輟學(xué)，你的自棄，不僅是在拋棄自己，更是在拋棄你的祖國(guó)。
      我也知道在校學(xué)習(xí)并非總是輕車熟道、一帆風(fēng)順。我很了解你們?cè)谏钪忻媾R著很多困難和挑戰(zhàn)，使你們難以潛心學(xué)業(yè)。
      我深有體會(huì)。我兩歲時(shí)，父親離開(kāi)了我們，我由單身母親撫育成人。她不得不去拼命打工、奮斗，有時(shí)連帳單都無(wú)力支付，別人家的孩子有的東西，她常常買不起給我們。在我幼小的心靈里，雖說(shuō)有母愛(ài)恩深似海，卻仍然留有一大片空白和缺憾——多少次我懷念起父愛(ài)如山，多少次我深感孤獨(dú)無(wú)助，與周邊環(huán)境格格不入。
      我沒(méi)有象應(yīng)當(dāng)做的那樣，在校始終全心就讀，也做過(guò)不該做的事情，招到過(guò)不應(yīng)有的麻煩。如果沒(méi)有這些彎路，我的人生道路還可以更加順暢。
      但是，我畢竟很幸運(yùn)。我得到過(guò)很多第二次機(jī)會(huì)，得以重整旗鼓，后來(lái)還有機(jī)會(huì)上了大學(xué)和法學(xué)院，去追求自己的夢(mèng)想。我的夫人，我們的第一夫人米歇爾·奧巴馬，也有過(guò)類似的坎坷經(jīng)歷。她的雙親都沒(méi)進(jìn)過(guò)大學(xué)，他們也很窮。但是他們都努力工作，她也很勤奮，所以她就能到我國(guó)最高學(xué)府深造。
      你們當(dāng)中有些同學(xué)可能更加困難，可能在你們的生活中，沒(méi)有成人能給出你們所需要的那些支持。你們家庭中可能會(huì)有人失業(yè)，經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)。可能你們生活在不夠安全的鄰里環(huán)境，或受到過(guò)行為不端朋友的影響。但無(wú)論如何，你的生活現(xiàn)狀——你的外表、出身、家境——都不是你忽視家庭作業(yè)或在校表現(xiàn)不好的借口。你們沒(méi)有頂撞老師、曠課或輟學(xué)的借口。你們沒(méi)有不努力學(xué)習(xí)的借口。
      你將來(lái)的地位和前途不取決于現(xiàn)在的處境。沒(méi)有人能改寫你的命運(yùn)，只有你才會(huì)寫下你自己的歷史和命運(yùn)，因?yàn)檫@是在美國(guó)。你的將來(lái)就在你自己的把握之中。
      全美國(guó)象你們一樣的年輕人，都在這樣地書寫著自己的歷史和命運(yùn)。
      象德州羅馬市的加茲敏·佩雷斯，她剛上學(xué)時(shí)連英語(yǔ)都不會(huì)講。她的雙親也都沒(méi)進(jìn)過(guò)大學(xué)。但她刻苦學(xué)習(xí)，成績(jī)優(yōu)異，贏得了布朗大學(xué)的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，現(xiàn)在又進(jìn)了研究生院，主修公共衛(wèi)生，正在腳踏實(shí)地、一步一步地實(shí)現(xiàn)著自我——倍受尊敬的加茲敏·佩雷斯醫(yī)學(xué)博士。
      我還在想著加州洛斯阿托的安多尼·舒爾茲。他從 3 歲起就得與腦癌殊死抗?fàn)?，他不得不忍受著各種療程和手術(shù)的煎熬，其中一項(xiàng)手術(shù)還嚴(yán)重?fù)p害了他的記憶力，以致他做功課要花去比別人多得多的時(shí)間——多花長(zhǎng)達(dá)幾百個(gè)小時(shí)。但他從不落人后。今年秋季他將升入大學(xué)。
      此外還有來(lái)自伊州芝加哥的、我的小同鄉(xiāng)姍特爾·斯蒂夫。作為孤兒，她多次被輾轉(zhuǎn)更換托養(yǎng)家庭，而且社區(qū)治安不靖，但她努力爭(zhēng)取到了在當(dāng)?shù)乇＝≌竟ぷ鞯臋C(jī)會(huì)，還發(fā)起了一個(gè)讓青少年遠(yuǎn)離犯罪團(tuán)伙的公益活動(dòng)。她在校品學(xué)兼優(yōu)，即將榮升大學(xué)。
      加茲敏、安多尼、姍特爾，和你們沒(méi)有什么不同。他們?cè)谏忻鎸?duì)的挑戰(zhàn)就象你們所面對(duì)的一樣。他們的境遇常常比你們很多同學(xué)更糟。但是他們拒絕屈服和放棄。他們選擇了擔(dān)當(dāng)，對(duì)他們的生命負(fù)責(zé)，對(duì)他們所受的教育負(fù)責(zé)，他們還為自己設(shè)定了奮斗目標(biāo)。我期待你們也都同樣去做。
      因此，今天我也要號(hào)召你們每一位同學(xué)，為自己的教育規(guī)劃設(shè)定奮斗目標(biāo)——并且盡最大努力去做好每一件事，去實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)。你們的目標(biāo)可以很簡(jiǎn)單，象完成家庭作業(yè)、上課注意聽(tīng)講、每天花些時(shí)間讀本書?；蛟S你們還想?yún)⒓诱n外活動(dòng)、作個(gè)社區(qū)志愿者?；蛟S你們想保護(hù)弱小，為那些受嘲弄或挨欺負(fù)的孩子主持公道，因?yàn)槟銈円捕己臀乙粯?，認(rèn)為每個(gè)孩子都應(yīng)該有一個(gè)安全的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境?；蛟S你們認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)更好地照顧自己，以便能更好地學(xué)習(xí)。這些目標(biāo)都很有意義。
      順便說(shuō)，我也希望你們大家都多洗手，不舒服的時(shí)候就要多在家休息，預(yù)防秋冬季流感。
      不管你們決定做什么，我都希望你們能負(fù)責(zé)任地、實(shí)實(shí)在在地去做。
      我知道，有時(shí)候電視節(jié)目會(huì)給你們帶來(lái)一種錯(cuò)覺(jué)，似乎無(wú)需努力也能成功或致富——以為只要饒舌、打球或作個(gè)電視真人秀明星就能一步登天。但在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，那些神話幾乎無(wú)法復(fù)制。
      事實(shí)上，成功更象是一項(xiàng)艱巨的系統(tǒng)工程。你不會(huì)對(duì)每門課程都情有獨(dú)鍾，也難以與每一位老師都合作默契，每次布置給你的家庭作業(yè)未必都能正中下懷、恰到好處。而且，并不是做每件事，你都能一步到位。所有這一切，環(huán)環(huán)相扣，都離成功太遠(yuǎn)太遠(yuǎn)。
      世界上一些最成功的人往往都有過(guò)最慘痛的挫折和教訓(xùn)?！豆铩げㄌ亍返淖髡?J.K.羅琳的處女作在最終出版之前，退稿竟達(dá) 12 次之多?！帮w人”邁克爾·喬丹在高中球隊(duì)時(shí)就被刷掉過(guò)。在他的職業(yè)生涯中，幾百場(chǎng)比賽敗北，幾千次投籃失誤。他說(shuō)過(guò)，“我屢敗屢戰(zhàn)，這就是我成功的秘訣。”
      成功人士之所以成功，就是因?yàn)樗麄兌?，不能讓失敗左右自己，但你必須讓這些失敗教會(huì)你，下一次應(yīng)當(dāng)怎樣改進(jìn)？所以，如果你闖了禍，并不說(shuō)明你天生就是搗蛋鬼，而是表明你應(yīng)當(dāng)更嚴(yán)格地要求自己。如果沒(méi)考好，也并非是自己笨，而是意味著你得多花些時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)才能追上來(lái)。
      人非生而知之，更何談全能？只有努力才會(huì)學(xué)有專長(zhǎng)。涉足新的體育項(xiàng)目時(shí)，你絕不會(huì)一開(kāi)始就駕輕就熟；啼聲初試，也不可能把歌唱得字正腔圓。都需要多練習(xí)。做功課也如是。解數(shù)學(xué)題你可能得好幾次才能算出正確的答案。閱讀時(shí)可能得反反復(fù)復(fù)才能看懂它。一篇佳作在能拿得出手之前，肯定你還得再三潤(rùn)色。
      勤學(xué)還要好問(wèn)，不要羞于啟齒。需要時(shí)就不要怕求助于人。每天我都會(huì)不恥下問(wèn)和求助于人。求助并非示弱，它恰恰是自強(qiáng)的標(biāo)志，顯示你有勇氣承認(rèn)自己的不足。虛懷若谷，自能有容乃大，讓你學(xué)到新東西，與時(shí)俱進(jìn)。所以，找一位你信得過(guò)的師長(zhǎng)——父母、祖父母、老師、教練或輔導(dǎo)員，求助于他們，使自己在通往目標(biāo)的正軌上闊步前進(jìn)。
      即使是在和逆境拼搏，即使是失落彷徨、有被拋棄的感覺(jué)，你都絕不要拋棄自己。你拋棄了自己，你也就拋棄了你的祖國(guó)。
      美國(guó)的歷史絕不是懦夫知難而退的敗績(jī)，而是全民銳意進(jìn)取、勇攀高峰的凱歌。美國(guó)人民是那樣地愛(ài)國(guó)，大家無(wú)不全力以赴。
      美國(guó)歷史，就是 250 年前坐在你們座位的那些學(xué)生，后來(lái)革命建國(guó)的故事。年輕人，75 年前坐在你們座位上的那些學(xué)生，后來(lái)戰(zhàn)勝了大蕭條，贏得了二戰(zhàn)。他們爭(zhēng)取過(guò)民權(quán)，還把人類送上了月球。20 年前坐在你們座位上的那些學(xué)生，后來(lái)創(chuàng)建了 Google，Twitter，F(xiàn)acebook，改變了我們相互溝通的方式。
      所以，今天我也要問(wèn)你們每一位同學(xué)，你們將來(lái)要貢獻(xiàn)什么？你們將要解決什么難題？你們將會(huì)有什么發(fā)明發(fā)現(xiàn)？20 年后、50 年后、100 年后，一位總統(tǒng)來(lái)到這里演講，他會(huì)怎樣評(píng)價(jià)你們?yōu)槊绹?guó)所做的一切？
      為了你們能夠圓滿地回答上述問(wèn)題，為了確保你們得到所需要的教育，你們的家庭、你們的老師和我，都在努力地做著每一件工作，修繕教室，準(zhǔn)備教學(xué)用的書籍、設(shè)備和計(jì)算機(jī)，等等。但是，你們也要擔(dān)負(fù)起你們的那些責(zé)任。所以，我期待著你們，要嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真地對(duì)待新學(xué)年。我期待著你們?nèi)σ愿暗刈龊妹恳患虑?。我期待著你們每一位同學(xué)的成功。請(qǐng)不要讓我們失望，不要讓你們的家庭失望，不要讓你們的國(guó)家失望。更不要讓你們自己失望。讓我們都引以為榮、無(wú)比驕傲。
      多謝大家，多謝每一位同學(xué)。
      上帝保佑你們。上帝保佑美國(guó)。
      謝謝。（歡呼）
       
      
    
      

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