第一篇：克林頓國(guó)務(wù)卿在紐約大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上發(fā)表講話

克林頓國(guó)務(wù)卿在紐約大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上發(fā)表講話

克林頓國(guó)務(wù)卿5月13日在紐約大學(xué)（NYU）畢業(yè)典禮上發(fā)表講話，鼓勵(lì)青年一代化理想為行動(dòng)，為全球合作奠定基礎(chǔ)，戰(zhàn)勝饑餓和疾病，遏制氣候變化。以下是講話全文，由美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院國(guó)際信息局（IIP）翻譯。美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院發(fā)言人辦公室 2009年5月13日

國(guó)務(wù)卿希拉里?羅德姆?克林頓在紐約大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上的講話 紐約州紐約市揚(yáng)基體育場(chǎng)（Yankee Stadium）

克林頓國(guó)務(wù)卿：謝謝，謝謝，非常感謝。還有比這更好的事嗎——世界上最好的大學(xué)之一在紐約揚(yáng)基隊(duì)主場(chǎng)所在地舉行畢業(yè)典禮？真是再好不過了。（掌聲）謝謝大家如此熱烈地為一位來(lái)訪的客人加油。我原以為在揚(yáng)基體育場(chǎng)不可以這樣做。

能夠獲得這個(gè)學(xué)位，我感到十分榮幸。我代表獲得此一榮譽(yù)的其他人向你們表示感謝。謝謝你們給予我們參加這次畢業(yè)典禮的殊榮。當(dāng)我看到眼前這一大群畢業(yè)生及其親朋好友時(shí)，我不禁想到，你們是在一個(gè)不同尋常的歷史時(shí)刻獲得學(xué)位，我們的國(guó)家和整個(gè)世界比以往更需要你們的才智和精力、你們的激情和承諾。毫無(wú)疑問，你們已經(jīng)為投入這樣的世界作好了充分的準(zhǔn)備：這個(gè)世界似乎前景不很明朗，但將贊賞你們不僅為了你們自己和家人而且為了你們的社區(qū)和國(guó)家所接受的教育。

作為國(guó)務(wù)卿，我十分清楚我們面臨的各項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)。作為新的畢業(yè)生，你們和你們這一代人將面對(duì)這樣的挑戰(zhàn)：氣候變化和饑餓、赤貧和極端主義的意識(shí)形態(tài)、新的疾病和核擴(kuò)散。但我深信，你們和我們能夠勝任這樣的任務(wù)。我們?cè)诿绹?guó)和整個(gè)世界所面臨的各種問題，都能夠通過人們的努力、合作和積極的相互依賴得到解決，而這種相互依賴表明，人類社會(huì)正在繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。挑戰(zhàn)將激發(fā)我們最好的一面，我們將把明天的世界變得比今天更加美好。（掌聲）

我知道，在畢業(yè)典禮上作理想化的演說(shuō)是當(dāng)前的時(shí)尚，[我的講話]聽起來(lái)也許很理想化，但我的信念深處有一種強(qiáng)烈的現(xiàn)實(shí)感。因?yàn)槟銈冎溃艺J(rèn)為我們別無(wú)選擇。我們可以袖手旁觀，我們可以束手無(wú)策，我們可以采取悲觀懷疑的態(tài)度，但我們知道這樣做會(huì)產(chǎn)生什么樣的結(jié)果：我們會(huì)把陣地拱手讓給那些其意識(shí)形態(tài)為世界上所有有良知和信仰者所不齒的人。因此，我們之間積極的相互依賴——這是一個(gè)事實(shí)——將使我們?yōu)閼?yīng)對(duì)這些挑戰(zhàn)做好準(zhǔn)備。但這不能再被僅僅視作政府與政府之間的事情。隨著新技術(shù)的不斷涌現(xiàn)，我們有時(shí)間和機(jī)會(huì)成為公民外交家、公民活動(dòng)家，通過辛勤工作、耐心和毅力一個(gè)一個(gè)地解決問題，逐步積累成我們所尋求的解決方案。

我知道我們不能派特使與大規(guī)模流行的疾病進(jìn)行談判，不能與二氧化碳召開高峰會(huì)，也不能與全球金融危機(jī)斷絕關(guān)系。要抗擊這些威脅并抓住這些威脅提供的機(jī)遇，我們需要自下而上地建立新的伙伴關(guān)系，利用手中可以利用的一切手段。這就是巧實(shí)力的實(shí)質(zhì)。但巧實(shí)力來(lái)自精明的人，接受過良好教育的人，向日益復(fù)雜、相互關(guān)聯(lián)的世界開放的人，而不斷變化的全球場(chǎng)景要求我們必須擴(kuò)大我們的外交概念。

回顧我多年前從學(xué)校畢業(yè)的時(shí)候，外交是閉門謀事的高官要員的事情。如今，我們的外交人員來(lái)自各行各業(yè)，我們的外交工作也不局限于國(guó)務(wù)院或我國(guó)駐外使領(lǐng)館。我們正在為二十一世紀(jì)的治國(guó)大計(jì)培養(yǎng)人才。在哪里？就在紐約大學(xué)的教室里，就在這座偉大城市中各家公司董事會(huì)的會(huì)議室里，就在學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)堂里，就在我們一所所優(yōu)秀醫(yī)院的手術(shù)室里。我們需要的是個(gè)人承諾和個(gè)人紐帶，而這正是你們各位能夠一展身手之處。我們今天所面臨的一系列最重大的挑戰(zhàn)將由占世界人口60%的30歲以下的群體來(lái)解決。而年輕一代，像你們所有人一樣，已在發(fā)揮他們的才華和智慧，幫助形成具有他們獨(dú)特風(fēng)格的公益和外交工作。

僅舉幾個(gè)例子：哥倫比亞兩名年輕的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生受夠了這個(gè)國(guó)家內(nèi)部的暴力沖突，他們利用“臉譜網(wǎng)”（Facebook）組織了一次世界歷史上規(guī)模最大的反恐怖主義抗議示威活動(dòng)，共有1400萬(wàn)人參加。（掌聲）在短短幾個(gè)星期中，他們的和平努力對(duì)恐怖主義網(wǎng)絡(luò)的打擊程度不亞于多年的軍事行動(dòng)。

我知道，你們這屆畢業(yè)生中的一員曾在乞力馬扎羅峰（Mount Kilimanjaro）的山坡上生活了好幾個(gè)月，努力尋找可持續(xù)發(fā)展模式，以便利用這種模式幫助婦女和家庭自力更生地?cái)[脫貧困。你們的另一位同學(xué)去年在中國(guó)留學(xué)期間遇上大地震爆發(fā)，災(zāi)情慘重，這位同學(xué)自此一直在從事為偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的村民輸送物資和援助的工作。留學(xué)生們有的前往盧旺達(dá)參加爭(zhēng)取人權(quán)的斗爭(zhēng)，有的到格魯吉亞建設(shè)公民社會(huì)，有的經(jīng)營(yíng)公司企業(yè)，有的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)政府工作。我知道，你們之中有很多人利用社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)幫助巴拉克·奧巴馬當(dāng)上了美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)總統(tǒng)。（掌聲）

奧巴馬總統(tǒng)和我都深切理解為我國(guó)乃至所有國(guó)家的年輕人創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)的重要意義，以便你們把自己的信念和理想化為奉獻(xiàn)與行動(dòng)，正如約翰·肯尼迪創(chuàng)建和平隊(duì)（Peace Corps）和比爾·克林頓總統(tǒng)創(chuàng)建美國(guó)志愿隊(duì)（AmeriCorps）一樣，這符合公民服務(wù)的傳統(tǒng)。（掌聲）

因此，我們需要設(shè)法讓我國(guó)所有政府機(jī)構(gòu)做好準(zhǔn)備，國(guó)務(wù)院不僅包括在內(nèi)而且要作為重點(diǎn)，以便讓那些不是職業(yè)外交人員但仍以自己的方式從事外交工作的人發(fā)揮作用。我們國(guó)務(wù)院的工作人員經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富，忠于職守，工作熱情而有效率。你們之中還在求職的人請(qǐng)注意，我們正在招聘新一代外交人員。（掌聲）

我希望你們中間能有很多人加入我們的行列成為外交官和公務(wù)員，但我知道并非所有人都愿意成為職業(yè)外交官，我也知道國(guó)務(wù)院無(wú)法單憑自己的力量解決這些重大問題。因此，我今天要對(duì)你們說(shuō)的是：做你們自己的理念的特使；利用你們手中的交流工具增進(jìn)我國(guó)及全人類的利益；做一位公民大使，利用你們的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷和專業(yè)活動(dòng)結(jié)交全球伙伴，以共同承諾為基礎(chǔ)解決我們的星球所面臨的共同問題。通過建立你們自己的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，你們能夠擴(kuò)展政府的能力，以滿足這一代人和子孫后代的需求。你們能夠幫助奠定全球合作的基礎(chǔ)，我們?nèi)粝朐谟猩晗囸I，戰(zhàn)勝疾病，控制氣候變化，讓每個(gè)孩子都有機(jī)會(huì)發(fā)揮他們的天賦潛能，就離不開這種全球合作。（掌聲）

這一切始于教育交流機(jī)會(huì)，始于紐約大學(xué)率先展開的那種宿舍外交和課堂外交。我要贊揚(yáng)我的朋友、你們的校長(zhǎng)，也要贊揚(yáng)這所杰出高校的校董們，他們理解并相信教育交流的重要性。

你們知道，出國(guó)留學(xué)就象是為一場(chǎng)世紀(jì)棒球賽作準(zhǔn)備的春訓(xùn)。它有助于你們?cè)鰪?qiáng)基礎(chǔ)技能、團(tuán)隊(duì)精神和取得成功的決心。我們要讓更多的美國(guó)學(xué)生獲得這種機(jī)會(huì)。這正是我們把吉爾曼獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金（Gilman Scholarships）的數(shù)額增加40%以上的原因。已經(jīng)有400多名紐約人利用吉爾曼獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金花一個(gè)學(xué)期的時(shí)間去國(guó)外留學(xué)，其中包括去年在國(guó)外留學(xué)的紐約大學(xué)的9位同學(xué)。

當(dāng)然，出國(guó)留學(xué)是一條雙行道，我們也應(yīng)該吸引其他國(guó)家更多的優(yōu)秀學(xué)生到美國(guó)來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。外國(guó)學(xué)生豐富了美國(guó)的大學(xué)，使他們自己和他們的祖國(guó)受益，紐約大學(xué)在這方面樹立了一個(gè)杰出榜樣。去年有70萬(wàn)名外國(guó)學(xué)生來(lái)美國(guó)求學(xué)，紐約大學(xué)招收的外國(guó)學(xué)生人數(shù)在全美各高校中名列第二。(掌聲)由于這些交流帶來(lái)了巨大的益處，我決心簡(jiǎn)化簽證手續(xù)──(掌聲)──特別是為理工科的學(xué)生，以便未來(lái)有更多優(yōu)秀學(xué)生到我們的大學(xué)深造。我們也在擴(kuò)大把高科技與全球性服務(wù)相結(jié)合的做法。因此，今天我高興地宣布，在今后一年里國(guó)務(wù)院將建立起“學(xué)生網(wǎng)上外交實(shí)習(xí)項(xiàng)目”(Virtual Student Foreign Service Internships)，使正在成長(zhǎng)的一代公民外交家的能量得到有效利用。美國(guó)大學(xué)生將與我國(guó)駐外使館協(xié)作，在自己的校園內(nèi)開展網(wǎng)上外交活動(dòng)，反映網(wǎng)絡(luò)化世界的現(xiàn)實(shí)。你們可以在國(guó)務(wù)院網(wǎng)站上了解該項(xiàng)目的詳情。

但我知道，你們不需要等到我們建立起一個(gè)新項(xiàng)目之后再行動(dòng)。今天你們回家后，上網(wǎng)找到一個(gè)稱為Kiva——K-i-v-a——的網(wǎng)站，在那里你可以幫助像San Ma這樣一位越南母親，她正在尋找一筆小額貸款，為她的家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)購(gòu)買稻種和肥料；或者你們可以進(jìn)入海菲國(guó)際（Heifer International）的網(wǎng)站，只要花費(fèi)比在外面吃一頓晚餐還少的錢就可以把一群鵝捐贈(zèng)給亞洲或非洲一個(gè)饑餓的家庭；或幫助文加里·馬塔伊（Wangari Mathai）倡導(dǎo)的“綠帶運(yùn)動(dòng)”(Green Belt movement)，種植樹木，中和碳排放，并幫助非洲婦女發(fā)揮潛能。

支持這些項(xiàng)目及其他類似項(xiàng)目不需要花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間與金錢，但對(duì)于你們幫助的人們和保護(hù)的地球來(lái)說(shuō)，你們的參與不僅能夠改變游戲規(guī)則，還能夠改變?nèi)藗兊纳?。全球性服?wù)還意味著促進(jìn)良治。我們?cè)趪?guó)內(nèi)和世界各地都需要有見地的公民向政府問責(zé)，督促政府取得效益和找到解決問題的方案。

這并非僅僅針對(duì)今天的畢業(yè)生，在場(chǎng)的還有許許多多自豪的父母雙親、丈夫或妻子、祖父祖母、孩子們和其他人，他們目睹你們走到了今天。對(duì)我們所有的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這是邀請(qǐng)，也是挑戰(zhàn)。在我們所處的時(shí)代，我們知道我們需人盡其才，集思廣益。我們更應(yīng)不斷開拓新天地，超越經(jīng)常使我們分道揚(yáng)鑣的分歧。前來(lái)美國(guó)參加子女或朋友畢業(yè)典禮的諸位，請(qǐng)銘記這一點(diǎn)：美國(guó)比以往任何時(shí)候都更希望得到你們的幫助；具體而言，我們需要你們幫助我們建立這些新的合作關(guān)系，幫助我們尋求解決全球危機(jī)的途徑。任何一個(gè)國(guó)家的人民或任何一個(gè)國(guó)家的政府都無(wú)法單獨(dú)戰(zhàn)勝全球性的危機(jī)。

我們大家休戚相關(guān)。我們之間歷來(lái)如此。今天，這一點(diǎn)更為明顯。一個(gè)國(guó)家爆發(fā)流感會(huì)迅速蔓延全球。一種極少數(shù)人醞釀的極端主義觀念可通過因特網(wǎng)急劇擴(kuò)散。一場(chǎng)全球性的金融危機(jī)將殃及全世界每一個(gè)角落的農(nóng)民和小業(yè)主。這是新的現(xiàn)實(shí)。但同樣不可忽視的是，現(xiàn)在我們也可以通過已經(jīng)擁有的各種方式，同心協(xié)力抗擊這些共同威脅。2009年畢業(yè)班的同學(xué)們，你們面臨著歷史性的機(jī)遇。每一屆畢業(yè)生都聽到這樣的話，而且我認(rèn)為在某種程度上確實(shí)如此。不過，在今天的畢業(yè)典禮上，你們已多次聽到有關(guān)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的話題。應(yīng)該承認(rèn)，你們畢業(yè)的這個(gè)時(shí)代或許更為困難，在某種意義上也更令人生畏。然而，這正是需要我們共同挺身而出的時(shí)候。我不禁想起一部我喜愛的關(guān)于棒球的影片，《女子棒球隊(duì)》(A League of Their Own)，其中一句精彩的臺(tái)詞 ──(掌聲)── 說(shuō)得真好，“如果沒有困難，任何人都能做到”。

你們知道，當(dāng)揚(yáng)基隊(duì)(Yankees)于1923年遷入隔壁的舊體育場(chǎng)時(shí)，名冊(cè)上只有一位隊(duì)員來(lái)自圣路易斯城(St.Louis)以西的地區(qū)。這支球隊(duì)的隊(duì)員外表大同小異，說(shuō)話語(yǔ)氣相同，均來(lái)自美國(guó)同一類地區(qū)的城鎮(zhèn)和鄉(xiāng)村。再看看今天在這個(gè)新場(chǎng)地競(jìng)技的球隊(duì)，其中有來(lái)自墨西哥、日本、臺(tái)灣、巴拿馬及其他四國(guó)的隊(duì)員。揚(yáng)基隊(duì)就有七名隊(duì)員來(lái)自多米尼加共和國(guó)(Dominican Republic)。同樣，紐約大學(xué)也在演變。學(xué)校創(chuàng)立時(shí)只為紐約市服務(wù)，如今則為全球服務(wù)。

我們知道，前方有許多未知數(shù)，我們誰(shuí)都無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)。變革不可逆轉(zhuǎn)。變革終會(huì)來(lái)臨。無(wú)法預(yù)知的是，變革能否帶來(lái)進(jìn)步。然而，你們已盡了一切努力，獲得了最好的保障，那就是紐約大學(xué)的教育。(掌聲)有了這樣的教育，我完全相信，你們不僅可憑著你們自身的勤奮努力獲得成功，而且還能為社會(huì)做出重大貢獻(xiàn)，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出自身的需求。這是你們的時(shí)刻。你們加入了這個(gè)宏大的聯(lián)隊(duì)，你們可以出擊了。踏上征途，開創(chuàng)我們的未來(lái)，使之無(wú)愧于這所偉大的學(xué)府，無(wú)愧于這座偉大的城市，無(wú)愧于這個(gè)偉大的國(guó)家，無(wú)愧于我們都希望共同建立的世界。

謝謝大家，祝賀你們，愿諸位一切平安。(掌聲)

Hillary Rodham Clinton Secretary of State Yankee Stadium New York City May 13, 2009

Hillary Rodham Clinton's Remarks at the New York University Commencement Ceremony

Yankee Stadium New York City May 13, 2009 Thank you.Thank you so much.Thank you.And does it get any better than this, a graduation ceremony for one of the great universities in the world in the home of New York Yankees? Nothing could be better.(Applause.)And thanks to all of you for cheering a visitor.I didn’t realize that was permitted in Yankee Stadium.I am honored to receive this degree.And on behalf of the other honorees, I say thank you.Thank you for giving us this singular privilege of being part of this commencement ceremony.As I look out at this huge crowd of graduates, family, and friends, I can only reflect on what an extraordinary moment in history you are receiving your degrees, a moment in time of our country and the world where your talents and your energy, your passion and commitment is more needed than ever.There is no doubt that you are well prepared for a world that seems somewhat uncertain but which will welcome the education that you have received on behalf of not only of yourselves and your families, but your communities and your country.As Secretary of State, I am well aware of the challenges that we face.You, as new graduates, and your generation will be up against those challenges: climate change and hunger, extreme poverty and extreme ideologies, new diseases and nuclear proliferation.But I am absolutely convinced that you and we are up to the task.There is no problem we face here in America or around the world that will not yield to human effort, to cooperation, to positive interdependence that makes clear humanity is going on, our challenges are ones that summon the best of us, and we will make the world better tomorrow than it is today.(Applause.)

Now, I know that it is fashionable in commencement speeches to be idealistic, and that may sound so, but at the root of my conviction is a strong sense of reality.Because you see, I don’t think we have a choice.We can sit on the sidelines, we can wring our hands, we can retreat into cynicism, and we know what the results will be: We will cede the field to those whose ideologies are absolutely anathema to people of conscience and faith all over the world.So our positive interdependence, which is a fact, will prepare us to meet these challenges.But they can no longer be seen just as government-to-government.There is a time and an opportunity, and with the new technologies available, for us to be citizen diplomats, citizen activists, to solve problems one by one that will give in to hard work, patience, and persistence, and will then aggregate to the solutions we seek.Now, I know we cannot send a special envoy to negotiate with a pandemic, or call a summit with carbon dioxide, or sever relations with the global financial crisis.To confront these threats and to seize the opportunities that they also present, we need to build new partnerships from the bottom up, and to use every tool at our disposal.That is the heart of smart power.But smart power requires smart people, people who have gone the distance for their education, who have opened themselves up to this increasingly complex and interconnected world, and this changing global landscape requires us to expand our concept of diplomacy.Now, when I was graduating so many years ago, diplomacy was the domain of privileged men working behind closed doors.Today, our diplomats are not limited, and our diplomacy is no longer confined to the State Department or our embassies.We are laying the foundation for 21st century statecraft.Where? In the classrooms of NYU, in the board rooms of the businesses of this great city, in the halls of academia, in the operating rooms of our great hospitals.We are looking for those personal commitments and connections, and that is where all of you come in.The biggest challenges we face today will be solved by the 60 percent of the world’s population under the age of 30.And already, young people, like all of you, are using their talents and ingenuity to help fashion their own brand of service and diplomacy.A few examples: In the nation of Colombia, two young college graduates, fed up with the violence in their country, used Facebook to organize 14 million people into the largest antiterrorism demonstrations in the history of the world.(Applause.)In a few short weeks, their peaceful efforts did as much damage to the terrorist networks as years of military action.I know that one of your graduates spent months on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro searching for sustainable development models to bring to women and families and help them lift themselves out of poverty.Another of your classmates was studying in China last year when the devastating earthquake struck, and that has led to work ever since to deliver supplies and assistance to villagers in remote areas.International students have gone on to fight for human rights in Rwanda, build civil society in the nation of Georgia, run businesses, and lead governments.And many of you, I know, used social networking platforms to make Barack Obama the President of the United States of America.(Applause.)

President Obama and I deeply understand how important it is for the young people of our country, but the young people of every country, to be given the opportunity to translate your beliefs and ideals into service and action, just as John Kennedy did when he created the Peace Corps and as President Bill Clinton did when he created AmeriCorps.This is in the tradition of citizen service.(Applause.)

So we need to figure out ways to prepare all of our institutions of government, including and especially the State Department, to harness the efforts of those who do not enter the Foreign Service but still engage in your own type of foreign service.Our State Department personnel are skilled, dedicated, passionate, and effective.And for those of you still looking for jobs, we are hiring a new generation of diplomats.(Applause.)

I hope many of you will join our ranks in the Foreign Service and the Civil Service, but I know that not all will choose to become professional diplomats, and I also know that the State Department alone cannot tackle these great problems.So my message to you today is this: Be the special envoys of your ideals;use the communication tools at your disposal to advance the interests of our nation and humanity everywhere;be citizen ambassadors using your personal and professional lives to forge global partnerships, build on a common commitment to solving our planet’s common problems.By creating your own networks, you can extend the power of governments to meet the needs of this and future generations.You can help lay the groundwork for the kind of global cooperation that is essential if we wish, in our time, to end hunger and defeat disease, to combat climate change, and to give every child the chance to live up to his or her God-given potential.(Applause.)

This starts with opportunities for educational exchanges, the kind of dorm room and classroom diplomacy that NYU is leading on.I want to commend my friend, your president, the trustees of this great university, for understanding and believing in the importance of educational exchanges.You know, study abroad is like spring training for this century.It helps you develop the fundamentals, the teamwork, and the determination to succeed.And we want more American students to have that opportunity.That’s why we are increasing funding for Gilman scholarships by more than 40 percent.More than 400 New Yorkers have used Gilman scholarships to spend a semester abroad, including nine students from NYU last year.Now, of course, study abroad is a two-way street, and we should bring more qualified students from other countries to study here.NYU provides a prime example of what international students can bring to a campus and how they can benefit themselves and their countries.Over 700,000 international students came to the United States last year, and NYU had the second largest number of any school in the country.(Applause.)

Now, the benefits from such exchanges are so great that I am committed to streamline the visa process –(applause)– particularly for science and technology students so that even more qualified students will come to our campuses in the future.We’re also doing more to marry technology with global service.That’s why today I am pleased to announce that over the next year the 9 State Department will be creating Virtual Student Foreign Service Internships to harness the energy of a rising generation of citizen diplomats.Working from college and university campuses, American students will partner with our embassies abroad to conduct digital diplomacy that reflects the realities of the networked world.And you can learn more about this initiative on the State Department’s website.But I know that you don’t have to wait for us to create a new program.When you go home today, go online and find the website called Kiva, K-i-v-a, where you can help someone like San Ma, a mother in Vietnam who is seeking a microcredit loan to buy rice seed and fertilizer for her family farm;or log on to Heifer International’s site, and for less than the cost of a dinner out, you can donate a flock of geese to a hungry family in Asia or Africa;or help Wangari Mathai’s Green Belt movement in planting trees and offsetting carbon emissions and empowering women in Africa.Now, supporting these projects and others like them doesn't require a lot of time or money.But for the people you help and the planet you protect, your participation can be not just a game changer, but a life changer.Global service also means promoting good governance.We need informed citizens, both here at home and around the world, to hold their governments accountable for getting results and finding solutions.And this is not only directed at the graduates today, but there are a lot of proud mothers and fathers and husbands and wives and grandparents and children and others who have seen you to this day.And this is an offer and a challenge to all of us.In the times that we face, we know we don’t have a person to waste, we don’t have an idea to overlook.In fact, we have to be even more committed to reaching out and crossing the divides that too often separate us.For those who have come to this country to celebrate a child or a friend’s graduation, please take home this message: America more than ever wants your help;in fact, needs your help as we build these new partnerships and as we seek solutions to the global crises that cannot be solved by any one people or one government alone.We need each other.We always have.It’s just so much more apparent today.A flu starting in one country spreads quickly around the world.An extremist ideology starting with a few people explodes across the internet.A global financial crisis affects farmers and small business people in every corner of the globe.That is a new reality.But equally important is that we also now have the tools to work together to forge this common approach to these common threats.So, Class of 2009, you have an historic opportunity.Every class is told that, and to some extent I suppose it is always true.But just in the course of this commencement ceremony, you’ve heard several references to the global economic crisis.The times that you are graduating in are, yes, perhaps more difficult and somewhat more daunting.But that’s when we really rise together.One of the best lines from one of my favorite baseball movies, A League of Their Own –(applause)– said it well, “If it were easy, anybody could do it.”

You know, when the Yankees moved in to their old stadium next door in 1923, there was only person on the roster from west of St.Louis.Their team mostly looked the same, talked the same, and came from the same kind of cities and towns and rural areas across America.Think about the team that plays in this new stadium.It includes players from Mexico, Japan, Taiwan, Panama, four other countries.The Dominican Republic alone is home to seven Yankees.In the same way, NYU has evolved as well.The university was founded to serve the City of New York.Today it serves the world.We know that there is much yet ahead that none of us can predict.There is no way to stop change.Change will come.What is unknown is whether it will bring progress or not.But you have done what you needed to do to get the best insurance policy you could, and that is an NYU education.(Applause.)And so armed with that education, I have every confidence that you will not only succeed by the dint of your own hard work and effort, but you will contribute far beyond your own personal needs.This is your moment.You’ve made it to the big leagues, and you are up to bat.Go out and give us a future worthy of this great university, of this great city, of this great country, and of the world we all wish to create together.Thank you, congratulations, and Godspeed

第二篇：2009年美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿希拉里克林頓在紐約大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上的演講

Remarks at the New York University Commencement Ceremony

Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State

Yankee Stadium, New York City

May 13, 2009

2009年美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿希拉里·克林頓在紐約大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上的演講

紐約大學(xué) 揚(yáng)基體育場(chǎng)

2009年5月13日

Thank you.Thank you so much.Thank you.And does it get any better than this, a graduation ceremony for one of the great universities in the world in the home of New York Yankees? Nothing could be better.(Applause.)And thanks to all of you for cheering a visitor.I didn't realize that was permitted in Yankee Stadium.謝謝，謝謝，非常感謝。還有比這更好的事嗎——世界上最好的大學(xué)之一在紐約揚(yáng)基隊(duì)主場(chǎng)所在地舉行畢業(yè)典禮？真是再好不過了。（掌聲）謝謝大家如此熱烈地為一位來(lái)訪的客人加油。我原以為在揚(yáng)基體育場(chǎng)不可以這樣做。

I am honored to receive this degree.And on behalf of the other honorees, I say thank you.Thank you for giving us this singular privilege of being part of this commencement ceremony.As I look out at this huge crowd of graduates, family, and friends, I can only reflect on what an extraordinary moment in history you are receiving your degrees, a moment in time of our country and the world where your talents and your energy, your passion and commitment is more needed than ever.There is no doubt that you are well prepared for a world that seems somewhat uncertain but which will welcome the education that you have received on behalf of not only of yourselves and your families, but your communities and your country.能夠獲得這個(gè)學(xué)位，我感到十分榮幸。我代表獲得此一榮譽(yù)的其他人向你們表示感謝。謝謝你們給予我們參加這次畢業(yè)典禮的殊榮。當(dāng)我看到眼前這一大群畢業(yè)生及其親朋好友時(shí)，我不禁想到，你們是在一個(gè)不同尋常的歷史時(shí)刻獲得學(xué)位，我們的國(guó)家和整個(gè)世界比以往更需要你們的才智和精力、你們的激情和承諾。毫無(wú)疑問，你們已經(jīng)為投入這樣的世界作好了充分的準(zhǔn)備：這個(gè)世界似乎前景不很明朗，但將贊賞你們不僅為了你們自己和家人而且為了你們的社區(qū)和國(guó)家所接受的教育。

As Secretary of State, I am well aware of the challenges that we face.You, as new graduates, and your generation will be up against those challenges: climate change and hunger, extreme poverty and extreme ideologies, new diseases and nuclear proliferation.But I am absolutely convinced that you and we are up to the task.There is no problem we face here in America or around the world that will not yield to human effort, to cooperation, to positive interdependence that makes clear humanity is going on, our challenges are ones that summon the best of us, and we will make the world better tomorrow than it is today.(Applause.)

作為國(guó)務(wù)卿，我十分清楚我們面臨的各項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)。作為新的畢業(yè)生，你們和你們這一代人將面對(duì)這樣的挑戰(zhàn)：氣候變化和饑餓、赤貧和極端主義的意識(shí)形態(tài)、新的疾病和核擴(kuò)散。但我深信，你們和我們能夠勝任這樣的任務(wù)。我們?cè)诿绹?guó)和整個(gè)世界所面臨的各種問題，都能夠通過人們的努力、合作和積極的相互依賴得到解決，而這種相互依賴表明，人類社會(huì)正在繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。挑戰(zhàn)將激發(fā)我們最好的一面，我們將把明天的世界變得比今天更加美好。（掌聲）

第三篇：克林頓國(guó)務(wù)卿在亞洲之行前夕發(fā)表講話

2009.02.13 克林頓國(guó)務(wù)卿在亞洲之行前夕發(fā)表講話（全文）

美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿希拉里·克林頓(Hillary Rodham Clinton)2月13日下午在紐約亞洲協(xié)會(huì)（Asia Society）發(fā)表講話，闡明上任后即前往亞洲四國(guó)訪問的重要意義和美國(guó)的對(duì)亞洲政策。以下是克林頓國(guó)務(wù)卿講話的全文和隨后的問答內(nèi)容摘要，由美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院國(guó)際信息局(IIP)翻譯。-----------------美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院 發(fā)言人辦公室

美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿希拉里·羅德姆·克林頓 在紐約亞洲協(xié)會(huì)的講話 2009年2月13日 紐約州紐約市

克林頓國(guó)務(wù)卿：謝謝你，維莎卡(Vishakha)。也謝謝約翰·桑頓(John Thornton)和杰米·梅茨爾(Jamie Metzl)及今天下午在這里聚會(huì)的理事們。我十分高興能夠回到這里，回到這座宏偉的大樓，有機(jī)會(huì)向你們致謝，感謝亞洲協(xié)會(huì)數(shù)十年來(lái)為加強(qiáng)美國(guó)與亞洲人民和政府之間的關(guān)系所做的工作。

在我開始講話前，請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我用片刻的時(shí)間對(duì)今天因大陸航空公司3407航班不幸遇難而喪失親人的家庭、出事地點(diǎn)克拉倫斯中心(Clarence Center)的居民及整個(gè)布法羅(Buffalo)社區(qū)的人民表達(dá)我的哀思并與他們一起祈禱。我了解紐約州西部地區(qū)人民的力量和愛心，完全相信他們會(huì)同心協(xié)力、互相支持、度過這段困難時(shí)光。

我感到十分悲傷的是，我獲悉在這批過早離開我們的人中間有貝弗莉·埃克特(Beverly Eckert)，她本人在9.11襲擊中失去了丈夫。貝弗莉與我相識(shí)并成為我的朋友及許多紐約人的朋友，她曾為9.11事件受害者家屬爭(zhēng)取權(quán)益而不懈努力。她是9.11委員會(huì)(9/11 Commission)的主要發(fā)起者之一。我會(huì)思念她。我要當(dāng)眾感謝她在自己遭受不幸后所做的一切。

半個(gè)世紀(jì)前，當(dāng)亞洲協(xié)會(huì)成立時(shí)，亞洲深陷冷戰(zhàn)的僵局，貧困肆虐，前景蒼涼。在亞洲內(nèi)外，除沖突、占領(lǐng)和絕望，很少有人能夠預(yù)見任何不同的未來(lái)。今天，我將要訪問的亞洲各國(guó)生活在和平的環(huán)境里。亞洲正處在全世界許多創(chuàng)新與潮流的前沿。無(wú)論是今天還是在我們的未來(lái)，亞洲都是全球文化的貢獻(xiàn)者、全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的強(qiáng)大動(dòng)力以及一個(gè)對(duì)美國(guó)至關(guān)重要的地區(qū)。

在過去的30年間，我有幸前往一個(gè)十分不同的亞洲旅行。每當(dāng)我回憶起那些訪問，就好像一卷新舊圖像交錯(cuò)的電影膠片在頭腦中閃過。我想起[日本]京都典雅的寺廟、[蒙古]烏蘭巴托郊外的游牧生活、[泰國(guó)]清萊省傳統(tǒng)藝人制作的精美工藝品、[越南]河內(nèi)、香港和[孟加拉國(guó)]達(dá)卡熙熙攘攘的市場(chǎng)、新加坡與馬尼拉的豪華酒店、[中國(guó)]西安練藝的書法家、[韓國(guó)]首爾的古典服裝和[印尼]雅加達(dá)的傳統(tǒng)舞蹈、[印度]新德里撥響的錫塔琴。

我還看到了摩天大樓和工廠，城市開發(fā)走廊和高科技園區(qū)，研究設(shè)施和現(xiàn)代化醫(yī)院；在這個(gè)大洲，如今法治和自由選舉已經(jīng)或者正在更成為常規(guī)，創(chuàng)業(yè)精神和發(fā)明創(chuàng)造已將很多經(jīng)濟(jì)體轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槿蚪?jīng)濟(jì)重鎮(zhèn)。

亞洲影響了幾千年世界文明，也影響了我們的文化。我國(guó)是1300萬(wàn)亞裔美國(guó)公民的家園，我們的日常生活因亞洲文學(xué)和藝術(shù)、音樂和電影、食品和建筑、醫(yī)學(xué)和科學(xué)、技術(shù)和價(jià)值觀而變得豐富多彩。

今天，人們往往容易將注意力集中于互相依賴所帶來(lái)的緊張和危險(xiǎn)，但我卻更愿意視我們的相互關(guān)聯(lián)為一種機(jī)遇，促進(jìn)富有活力和建設(shè)性的伙伴合作關(guān)系，既能迎接挑戰(zhàn)，又能把握這一新世紀(jì)的期許。

這便是我今天要談?wù)摰脑掝}，即美國(guó)如何致力于外交和發(fā)展的新時(shí)代，運(yùn)用明智的實(shí)力，與長(zhǎng)期的同盟及新興國(guó)家共同努力，尋求解決全球性共同問題的地區(qū)和全球方案。

正如我所說(shuō)過的，美國(guó)不能單獨(dú)解決世界問題，而世界沒有美國(guó)也不能解決問題。同時(shí)，鑒于當(dāng)今國(guó)際現(xiàn)實(shí)，我們的外交政策不能再僅僅是逐個(gè)針對(duì)各個(gè)國(guó)家或僅僅是將世界分成各個(gè)地區(qū)。通過明智的實(shí)力，我們將謀求建立能超越地域和政治疆界的伙伴合作關(guān)系。

在未來(lái)幾個(gè)月里，我在會(huì)晤歐洲、拉丁美洲、中東和非洲的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人時(shí)，將敦促加強(qiáng)雙邊、地區(qū)和全球合作；同樣，我下周在東京、雅加達(dá)、首爾和北京與亞洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)談時(shí)將謀求更有力的接觸交流。

我希望通過我以國(guó)務(wù)卿身份首先訪問亞洲來(lái)表明，我們需要太平洋彼岸的強(qiáng)大伙伴，就如同我們需要大西洋彼岸的強(qiáng)大伙伴一樣。我們畢竟既是一個(gè)跨大西洋大國(guó)，也是一個(gè)跨太平洋大國(guó)。

我國(guó)與我即將訪問的每一個(gè)國(guó)家的關(guān)系，以及與整個(gè)亞太地區(qū)所有伙伴和盟國(guó)的關(guān)系，都對(duì)我國(guó)的安全與繁榮不可或缺。在考慮我們面臨的金融動(dòng)蕩和經(jīng)濟(jì)紊亂、恐怖主義和大規(guī)模毀滅性武器、糧食安全和緊迫的健康問題、氣候變化和能源脆弱性、無(wú)國(guó)家形態(tài)的犯罪集團(tuán)和人性剝削等種種最嚴(yán)重的全球威脅時(shí)，有一點(diǎn)十分清楚，即這些威脅都不受國(guó)界和海洋的阻攔。大規(guī)模流行病既威脅雅加達(dá)的學(xué)童也威脅杰克遜維爾（美國(guó)佛羅里達(dá)州城市—譯注）的學(xué)童。全球金融危機(jī)既使扎幌也使舊金山的銀行帳戶縮水。核擴(kuò)散構(gòu)成的危險(xiǎn)既在廣州也在華盛頓令人擔(dān)憂。氣候變化既影響中國(guó)湖南省農(nóng)民也影響美國(guó)中西部農(nóng)民的生計(jì)。這些危險(xiǎn)影響我們所有人，因此，我們大家都必須為解決這些問題發(fā)揮作用。

因此，我前往亞洲，準(zhǔn)備帶去美國(guó)希望作出更有力和更堅(jiān)定的承諾和接觸的信息；準(zhǔn)備與亞洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人進(jìn)行合作，解決對(duì)太平洋地區(qū)和對(duì)任何其他地區(qū)具有同樣威脅的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)；準(zhǔn)備加強(qiáng)我們的傳統(tǒng)伙伴關(guān)系和同盟關(guān)系，同時(shí)深化與所有國(guó)家的關(guān)系；準(zhǔn)備幫助防止核武器在亞洲的擴(kuò)散；準(zhǔn)備擴(kuò)大我們的共同努力，應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化和清潔能源、大規(guī)模流行病和貧富不均等21世紀(jì)的挑戰(zhàn)。

奧巴馬政府還準(zhǔn)備將我們的接觸延伸到政府大樓和官方會(huì)議廳之外，盡管這些十分重要。我們準(zhǔn)備與公民社會(huì)接觸；讓扶持良好治理、自由選舉和自由媒體、更廣泛的受教育機(jī)會(huì)、更強(qiáng)大的健保體系、宗教包容以及人權(quán)所需的基礎(chǔ)更加鞏固。我們準(zhǔn)備傾聽意見。積極聽取伙伴們的意見不僅是表示尊重，而且也能成為思路的來(lái)源，為我們的共同努力增添動(dòng)力。僅在不久前，我們的政府太經(jīng)常地在考慮已有事實(shí)和證據(jù)或聽取他人觀點(diǎn)之前便本能地采取行動(dòng)。但奧巴馬總統(tǒng)和我本人致力于貫徹既非出于一時(shí)沖動(dòng)也不基于意識(shí)形態(tài)，而是重視他人意見的外交政策。當(dāng)我們有分歧時(shí)──而分歧肯定是會(huì)有的──我們會(huì)坦誠(chéng)地予以討論，并且明確那些會(huì)限制我們合作能力的因素。作為我們對(duì)話的一部分，在我們努力擴(kuò)大人權(quán)，建立一個(gè)尊重人權(quán)的世界的過程中──在這個(gè)世界里，諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)得主昂山素季(Aung San Suu Kyi)能夠在自己的國(guó)家自由生活，北韓人民能夠自由地選擇自己的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，藏族人民和全體中國(guó)人民能夠享有宗教自由而無(wú)需擔(dān)心被起訴──我們既要求自己承擔(dān)責(zé)任，也要求其他國(guó)家承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

我們認(rèn)為，今天存在的問題也帶來(lái)機(jī)會(huì)。運(yùn)用明智的實(shí)力要從實(shí)事求是地評(píng)估我們生活的世界入手。這要求我們必須，毫無(wú)少于其他國(guó)家地，承認(rèn)我們自己對(duì)出現(xiàn)在眼前的種種全球問題所具有的責(zé)任。

請(qǐng)讓我先談?wù)勈紫扔|及我們并使我們?cè)馐苤貏?chuàng)的這場(chǎng)全球金融危機(jī)。今天，美國(guó)各地的家庭在失去工作、住房、儲(chǔ)蓄和夢(mèng)想。但這場(chǎng)危機(jī)不僅威脅到我們。其后果也波及亞洲部分地區(qū)和世界其他地區(qū)。

我們最近聽到韓國(guó)財(cái)政經(jīng)濟(jì)部新任長(zhǎng)官預(yù)計(jì)韓國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)今年將收縮2%，可能會(huì)有20萬(wàn)人失業(yè)。中國(guó)政府上周進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)農(nóng)村調(diào)查顯示，中國(guó)總計(jì)1.3億民工中有2000萬(wàn)人失業(yè)。日本一份新的分析報(bào)告也預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)濟(jì)收縮幅度要比先前預(yù)計(jì)的高。印度尼西亞12月的出口額下降了20%以上，預(yù)期的增長(zhǎng)幅度也減小。根據(jù)臺(tái)灣的經(jīng)濟(jì)報(bào)告，其出口額空前下降了44%。整個(gè)亞洲對(duì)耐用商品的需求量均大幅度降低。

這場(chǎng)全球金融危機(jī)迫使各國(guó)在國(guó)內(nèi)尋求解決途徑。但我們?nèi)魏稳硕疾荒芤晃堕]門自省，以致忽略國(guó)際伙伴為穩(wěn)定世界經(jīng)濟(jì)并促使我們所有人重新回到繁榮發(fā)展的道路上所必須發(fā)揮的關(guān)鍵作用。我們也不能急于以高筑貿(mào)易及其他壁壘的方式應(yīng)對(duì)；我們必須始終致力于一個(gè)開放與公平的貿(mào)易體制。在我們國(guó)內(nèi)，美國(guó)政府正在努力解決房屋市場(chǎng)危機(jī)并重建銀行系統(tǒng)。國(guó)會(huì)估計(jì)將批準(zhǔn)一套刺激方案，這套方案將成為幾十年來(lái)旨在創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)和提高收入的規(guī)模最大的政府舉措。中國(guó)、澳大利亞和亞洲其他國(guó)家作出了積極反響。我們需要多臺(tái)引擎同時(shí)啟動(dòng)，才能重新帶動(dòng)全球增長(zhǎng)。

在11月于華盛頓舉行的20國(guó)集團(tuán)會(huì)議上，與會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人承諾采取各項(xiàng)行動(dòng)，從調(diào)整財(cái)政政策到強(qiáng)化國(guó)內(nèi)監(jiān)管。即將于4月在倫敦舉行的下次20國(guó)集團(tuán)會(huì)議將為我們提供一個(gè)充實(shí)這一承諾的機(jī)會(huì)。

除了這場(chǎng)金融危機(jī)外，其他種種議題也需要雙邊以及區(qū)域性和全球性方針。美國(guó)致力于保持我國(guó)在亞洲的傳統(tǒng)安全同盟，并以這些同盟關(guān)系為基礎(chǔ)，應(yīng)對(duì)我們面臨的錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的全球威脅。令我非常高興的是，日本和韓國(guó)本周已同意聯(lián)合援助阿富汗的重建努力，這兩個(gè)國(guó)家還繼續(xù)協(xié)助我們保障全球安全，特別是抗擊非洲之角的海盜活動(dòng)。

我們有必要合力解決東北亞地區(qū)的穩(wěn)定所面臨的最嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)──北韓的核項(xiàng)目。奧巴馬政府致力于推動(dòng)六方會(huì)談，我將同韓國(guó)、日本和中國(guó)商討如何最有效地促使會(huì)談重歸正軌。我們相信存在著推動(dòng)這些討論的機(jī)會(huì)，但北韓必須停止對(duì)韓國(guó)發(fā)出任何挑釁行動(dòng)和無(wú)益的言論。

北韓政府已承諾放棄全部核武器，盡早重新加入《不擴(kuò)散核武器條約》(Treaty on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons)。我們繼續(xù)要求他們履行上述承諾。如果北韓有誠(chéng)意地準(zhǔn)備全面地、可核實(shí)地取消其核武器項(xiàng)目，奧巴馬政府愿意實(shí)現(xiàn)雙邊關(guān)系正?；?，以一項(xiàng)永久性的和平條約取代朝鮮半島多年來(lái)的?；饏f(xié)議，并幫助滿足北韓人民的能源及其他經(jīng)濟(jì)需求。

在一個(gè)相關(guān)問題上，我將讓我們的日本盟友放心，我們沒有忘記被綁架到北韓的日本公民的家庭。我下個(gè)星期將在東京會(huì)晤其中的一些家庭成員。

氣候變化問題和對(duì)清潔能源的需求要靠全球來(lái)解決。現(xiàn)在，氣候變化不僅是一個(gè)環(huán)境或能源問題，而且關(guān)系到我們的健康和我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)以及我們的安全，渾然一體。

總統(tǒng)和我迅速任命一名美國(guó)氣候變化問題特使反映了我們對(duì)待這一威脅的緊迫感。我下星期將率同斯特恩(Todd Stern)特使前往亞洲，開始進(jìn)行我們希望將為展開合作創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)的討論。

我國(guó)一直是歷史上最大的溫室氣體排放國(guó)，我們承認(rèn)，我們必須率先努力減少有害氣體的排放和建設(shè)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)。但是我將訪問的每一個(gè)國(guó)家也在這項(xiàng)努力中承擔(dān)角色。我將向日本和韓國(guó)積極主張清潔能源，并尋求同印度尼西亞的合作途徑。夏偉(Orville Schell)在本期《時(shí)代》周刊雜志中的評(píng)論中提醒我們，在清潔能源和提高效益方面的協(xié)作為深化美-中整體關(guān)系提供了一個(gè)真正機(jī)會(huì)。因此，我們將與中國(guó)方面辛勤努力，建立伙伴合作關(guān)系，提倡使用更清潔的能源、提高能源效益和進(jìn)行有益于兩國(guó)的技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓，并且促進(jìn)其他既保護(hù)環(huán)境、同時(shí)又推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的戰(zhàn)略。在北京期間，我將參觀利用通用電氣和中國(guó)技術(shù)建造的清潔熱電廠。它是一個(gè)我們所大量需要的創(chuàng)造就業(yè)、以及雙邊合作關(guān)系和公私合作關(guān)系的榜樣。你們可能聽我形容過，在國(guó)家安全的三D中──防務(wù)(defense)、外交(diplomacy)和發(fā)展(development)，國(guó)務(wù)院的工作占其中的兩個(gè)方面。每一方面都對(duì)加強(qiáng)我們的利益和我們的安全至為關(guān)鍵，然而，發(fā)展的重要性往往被視為處于我國(guó)更大外交政策目標(biāo)的邊緣。在奧巴馬政府任內(nèi)不會(huì)重復(fù)這種情況。我們將在世界各地大力促進(jìn)發(fā)展，為公民們——特別是邊緣人口和婦女兒童——提供更多機(jī)會(huì)，使他們能夠發(fā)揮天賦潛能，而我們恰認(rèn)為這種努力將增進(jìn)我們的共同安全利益。今天，亞洲的很大部分地區(qū)享有和平與繁榮，這在很大程度上與美國(guó)不無(wú)關(guān)系，在過去半個(gè)世紀(jì)里美國(guó)努力支持亞洲國(guó)家的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、安全和教育結(jié)盟。

我們?cè)诎l(fā)生自然災(zāi)害時(shí)提供了協(xié)助，包括支持印尼海嘯和緬甸颶風(fēng)后的重建工作，我們?yōu)榇烁械阶院?。印尼人民和政府化解了亞齊省的長(zhǎng)期內(nèi)亂，該局勢(shì)一度威脅到國(guó)家的進(jìn)步，他們還為實(shí)現(xiàn)東帝汶的和平與穩(wěn)定作出了積極努力，對(duì)此我們表示贊賞。

印尼是亞洲最富有活力的國(guó)家之一。人民把熱情和理想相結(jié)合，在這個(gè)國(guó)家建立了自由和公正的選舉制度、自由的新聞媒體和朝氣蓬勃的公民社會(huì)。婦女在印尼政府中發(fā)揮了顯著作用。我們將支持印尼和這個(gè)地區(qū)積極倡導(dǎo)共有價(jià)值觀的其他國(guó)家，我們也期待著同該地區(qū)的其他伙伴和朋友合作，例如我們的盟友泰國(guó)和菲律賓，還有新加坡、馬來(lái)西亞和越南，以確保東盟能夠?qū)嵺`憲章，展示該地區(qū)在經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、人權(quán)和社會(huì)問題上的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力。

我還要感謝澳大利亞幾十年來(lái)所發(fā)揮的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用和友誼。雖然我此行不能訪問澳大利亞，但我們知道澳大利亞是我們?cè)谑澜缟献羁尚刨嚨拿擞阎?。我們都從新聞?bào)道中看到，過去一周內(nèi)野火給維多利亞州造成了巨大損失。奧巴馬總統(tǒng)和陸克文總理通過電話討論了目前的狀況。我們已經(jīng)派出森林火災(zāi)方面的專家?guī)椭拇罄麃喨嗣瘛Ｎ覀兿Ｍ拇罄麃喌呐笥褌兇_知，我們和他們一道哀悼在這場(chǎng)悲劇中逝去的無(wú)辜生命。我們?cè)谶^去共同努力，還將在未來(lái)攜手前進(jìn)，為此，我們心存感激。

我現(xiàn)在向大家簡(jiǎn)要介紹一下我將在下周討論的一些關(guān)鍵性問題。我按照訪問的國(guó)家順序逐一介紹，從我此行的第一站日本開始。明年，我們與日本的安全聯(lián)盟將滿50年，該聯(lián)盟一直是并且必須繼續(xù)是不可動(dòng)搖的。在東京，我將簽署《關(guān)島國(guó)際協(xié)議》（Guam International Agreement）。根據(jù)該協(xié)議，將有8000名美軍從沖繩轉(zhuǎn)移至關(guān)島，以使我們的安全聯(lián)盟能夠應(yīng)對(duì)目前的挑戰(zhàn)。另外，日本在解決巴基斯坦經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)方面正在發(fā)揮更大的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用，還參與太空探索、疾病治療、救助世界各地的災(zāi)民等項(xiàng)集體努力。日本應(yīng)為此受到贊譽(yù)。我們預(yù)期進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)與日本的伙伴關(guān)系，以幫助維護(hù)亞洲的和平與穩(wěn)定，日益加強(qiáng)關(guān)注全球性挑戰(zhàn)，例如災(zāi)害救助、推動(dòng)阿富汗和巴基斯坦的女童教育和減輕非洲的貧困。我們還將注重與印尼的合作，我們認(rèn)為與印尼的合作大有潛力。不必我說(shuō)，我們的新總統(tǒng)在印尼廣為人知，深受欽佩。我們現(xiàn)在有機(jī)會(huì)加強(qiáng)在教育、能源和食品安全方面的伙伴關(guān)系。印尼政府還建議與美國(guó)建立更深的伙伴關(guān)系。這種設(shè)想反映了在共同關(guān)心的領(lǐng)域中的一種積極做法，我們決心制訂具體的日程，與印尼共建這種伙伴關(guān)系。

韓國(guó)歷來(lái)是我們最堅(jiān)定的盟友之一。毫無(wú)疑問，凡是追蹤韓國(guó)歷史的人都會(huì)和我一樣對(duì)韓國(guó)從上一個(gè)世紀(jì)的停滯狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變至生機(jī)勃勃的今天感到贊嘆。美國(guó)和韓國(guó)都將堅(jiān)定不移地以互惠的方式擴(kuò)大貿(mào)易。我們將為實(shí)現(xiàn)該目標(biāo)共同努力。作為亞洲協(xié)會(huì)的會(huì)員，各位深知中國(guó)的重要性，深知我們與中國(guó)保持積極的合作關(guān)系至關(guān)重要。這不僅關(guān)系到亞太地區(qū)的和平與繁榮，而且關(guān)系到全球的和平與繁榮。在過去二十年的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)中，我們與中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)往來(lái)有目共睹。在目前困難的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)下，在種種——我是說(shuō)——在我們面臨的種種全球性挑戰(zhàn)下，這種重要性更加明顯，這些挑戰(zhàn)包括核安全、氣候變化、大規(guī)模流行病等等。那么，有些人認(rèn)為崛起的中國(guó)一定是一個(gè)對(duì)手。然而，正相反，我們認(rèn)為美國(guó)和中國(guó)都能夠從對(duì)方的成功中受益，也都能夠?yàn)閷?duì)方的成功作出貢獻(xiàn)。就共同關(guān)心的領(lǐng)域和共有的機(jī)會(huì)作出更大努力符合雙方的利益。中國(guó)已經(jīng)在多方面發(fā)揮了積極的作用，例如主持六方會(huì)談和參加國(guó)際維和工作。我可以在此欣慰地宣布，我們兩國(guó)在這個(gè)月晚些時(shí)候?qū)⒒謴?fù)軍方中層會(huì)談。我們期待著臺(tái)灣海峽兩岸的關(guān)系進(jìn)一步改善。

即使我們之間存在分歧，美國(guó)仍將致力于尋求與中國(guó)發(fā)展建設(shè)性關(guān)系，我們認(rèn)為這種關(guān)系對(duì)未來(lái)美國(guó)的和平、進(jìn)步與繁榮至關(guān)重要。

中國(guó)古代有個(gè)故事，講的是戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期兩個(gè)交戰(zhàn)國(guó)的士兵在風(fēng)雨中同乘一條船橫渡大江。他們沒有廝殺，而是同心協(xié)力，因此得以幸存。中國(guó)有一個(gè)源于這個(gè)故事的成語(yǔ)，叫做“同舟共濟(jì)”。今天，這個(gè)成語(yǔ)中蘊(yùn)含的智慧必須繼續(xù)為我們引路指航。

因此，在星期天動(dòng)身前往亞洲時(shí)，我肩負(fù)著堅(jiān)定的承諾，將與太平洋彼岸的合作伙伴們共同辛勤努力，加強(qiáng)我們的交往，以便再次取得過去半個(gè)世紀(jì)中具有積極意義的轉(zhuǎn)變，并在本世紀(jì)中使之更加鞏固，更加明顯。我們面臨一個(gè)這樣的機(jī)會(huì)，我希望我們能夠把握這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，但不能僅僅依賴政府去做，還要靠全國(guó)各地的美國(guó)人，包括今天在座的亞洲協(xié)會(huì)的會(huì)員們、民營(yíng)部門、學(xué)術(shù)界、勞工和專業(yè)人士、非政府組織。讓我們下定決心，主動(dòng)聯(lián)系，積極回應(yīng)，相互諒解，作出承諾。這樣，我們不僅會(huì)加深理解，而且將采取積極的行動(dòng)，改善我們本國(guó)人民以及今天亞洲人民的生活。非常感謝大家。(掌聲)（講話全文結(jié)束）--------------------以下是克林頓國(guó)務(wù)卿在講話結(jié)束后同與會(huì)者的問答摘要： 德賽女士：……第一個(gè)問題非常簡(jiǎn)單，但我們很想聽你談?wù)勛鳛閲?guó)務(wù)卿，你認(rèn)為首先訪問亞洲，而不是其他地區(qū)的重大意義是什么？

克林頓國(guó)務(wù)卿：我認(rèn)為這明確地顯示出我們這屆新政府希望集中大量的時(shí)間和精力同亞洲伙伴和太平洋地區(qū)的所有國(guó)家合作，因?yàn)槲覀兦宄?，我們的未?lái)在很大程度上取決于我們與該地區(qū)的關(guān)系。我們也同樣清楚，我們應(yīng)對(duì)目前所面臨的多種全球挑戰(zhàn)的能力取決于該地區(qū)的決策。因此，我作出這個(gè)決定并不難。很顯然，我們要集中精力應(yīng)對(duì)今天存在于我們面前的很多問題。

實(shí)際上，我到國(guó)務(wù)院赴任的第一天，也是本屆政府就職的第二天，奧巴馬總統(tǒng)和拜登副總統(tǒng)就雙雙親臨國(guó)務(wù)院，根據(jù)我的要求宣布任命米切爾(George Mitchell)為中東事務(wù)特使，霍爾布魯克(Richard Holbrooke)為阿富汗和巴基斯坦事務(wù)特使。因此，我們顯然重視全世界多個(gè)地區(qū)。

我們目前正準(zhǔn)備參加即將在歐洲舉行的北約首腦會(huì)議。我將于3月2日前往開羅，出席由埃及主持的為加沙人民提供人道主義援助的捐助國(guó)會(huì)議。我將幫助安排我們參加定于4月舉行的美洲國(guó)家首腦會(huì)議的事宜，這次會(huì)議對(duì)于我們的南部鄰國(guó)以及我們本國(guó)都將非常重要。在非洲，我們正在努力應(yīng)對(duì)很多挑戰(zhàn)。世界如此廣大，我們有很多工作要做。而且，我認(rèn)為人們普遍感到我們最近幾年對(duì)亞洲的重視似乎不夠，因?yàn)槲覀兊淖⒁饬Ρ皇澜缙渌貐^(qū)占據(jù)。因此，我希望在一開始就顯示出我們對(duì)該地區(qū)的重視。

德賽女士：謝謝你。上述問題是德國(guó)廣播公司駐華盛頓記者金德爾(Robert Kindle)提出的。

下一個(gè)問題是我們常駐舊金山的副會(huì)長(zhǎng)沃茲沃思(Jack Wadsworth)提出的。他的問題是，我復(fù)述一下大意，在保爾森-布什時(shí)期，美中對(duì)話的首要議題是經(jīng)濟(jì)。你對(duì)擴(kuò)大對(duì)話議程的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)或潛在益處有何見解？

克林頓國(guó)務(wù)卿：這個(gè)問題提得很好，表述得也很恰當(dāng)。我和蓋特納部長(zhǎng)已經(jīng)當(dāng)面談過這個(gè)問題，因?yàn)槲覀冋J(rèn)為國(guó)務(wù)院和財(cái)政部應(yīng)當(dāng)在美國(guó)和中國(guó)需要討論的廣泛議題上發(fā)揮相輔相成的作用。我們認(rèn)為這能為我們提供在政府所有層次同時(shí)展開接觸的機(jī)會(huì)。至于我們?nèi)绾沃贫ㄟ@些對(duì)話的框架，將是我下周要同中國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人討論的問題。但我們必須真正理解我們共同關(guān)注的問題的廣度和深度。

你們都聽我提到了能源和環(huán)境變化問題。我已經(jīng)說(shuō)過，我們歷來(lái)都是排放大國(guó)，而中國(guó)剛剛超過我們。他們現(xiàn)在是頭號(hào)排放大國(guó)。這對(duì)于醫(yī)療保健和生活質(zhì)量指數(shù)以及經(jīng)濟(jì)和其他諸多方面都產(chǎn)生了極為直接的影響。因此，我們希望進(jìn)行非常廣泛的磋商。至于磋商的框架，我們將同中國(guó)共同制定。(問答摘要完)13 February 2009 Remarks by Secretary Clinton at Asia Society in New York Clinton looks forward to working with trans-Pacific partners on Asia trip

(begin transcript)U.S.DEPARTMENT OF STATE Office of the Spokesman February 13, 2009 REMARKS Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton at the Asia Society February 13, 2009 New York, New York SECRETARY CLINTON: Thank you, Vishakha, and thanks also to John Thornton and Jamie Metzl and the board members who are gathered here this afternoon.It is a great pleasure to be back here in this magnificent building and to have the chance to thank you for the Asia Society’s work over many decades to strengthen the relationship between America and the people and governments of Asia.Before I begin, let me just take a moment to say that my thoughts and prayers today are with the families who lost loved ones in the tragic crash of Continental Flight 3407, with those who live in Clarence Center where this tragedy occurred, and with the entire Buffalo community.I know the strength and compassion of the people of western New York and have no doubt that they will pull together and support each other through this difficult time.I was deeply saddened to learn that among those who were taken from us too soon was Beverly Eckert, who herself lost her husband in the attacks of September 11th.Beverly became known to me and a friend to me and to many New Yorkers for her tireless advocacy for the families of the victims of 9/11, and she was one of the principal champions of the idea of the creation of the 9/11 Commission.I will miss her, and I want to just publicly thank her for all she did in the midst of her own tragedy.A half century ago when the Asia Society was founded, Asia was frozen in a cold war, wracked by poverty, and seemingly destined for desolation.Few in or outside of Asia’s borders foresaw anything but a future of conflict, occupation, and despair.Today, the countries I will visit are at peace.Asia is on the cutting edge of so many of the world’s innovations and trends.It is a contributor to global culture, a global economic power, and a region of vital importance to the United States today and into our future.Over the past 30 years, I’ve had the privilege of traveling to a very different Asia.Whenever I think back on my visits, it’s as if a movie reel of images, old and new, were running through my head.I think of the elegant temples of Kyoto, or the rituals of nomadic life outside Ulaanbaatar, the intricate handwork of traditional craftspeople in Chiang Rai, the vibrant markets of Hanoi, Hong Kong, and Dhaka;the grand hotels of Singapore and Manila, the calligraphers practicing their art in Xi’an, the historic dress of Seoul and the traditional dances of Jakarta, or the strum of the sitar in New Delhi.And I’ve seen also the skyscrapers and factories, the urban corridors and high-tech campuses, the research facilities and modern hospitals – a continent where, now, more often than not, the rule of law and free elections have become or are in the process of becoming the norm, where entrepreneurship and innovation have transformed economies into global economic powers.Asia has influenced world civilization for millennia, as it has our own culture.Our nation is home to 13 million Asian American citizens, and our daily life is so enriched by Asian literature and art, by music and movies, by food and architecture, medicine and science, technology and values.Today, it is tempting to focus our attention on the tensions and perils of our interdependence, but I prefer to view our connectedness as an opportunity for dynamic and productive partnerships that can address both the challenge and the promise of this new century.And that’s what I want to talk about today, how the United States is committed to a new era of diplomacy and development in which we will use smart power to work with historic allies and emerging nations to find regional and global solutions to common global problems.As I’ve said before, America cannot solve the problems of the world alone, and the world cannot solve them without America.At the same time, given the realities of today’s world, we can no longer approach our foreign policy solely country by country, or simply by carving the world into separate regions.With smart power, we will seek to build partnerships that transcend geographic and political boundaries.In the months ahead, I will press for stronger bilateral, regional, and global cooperation when I meet with leaders of Europe, Latin America, the Middle East, and Africa, just as I will seek more robust engagement in my discussions with Asian leaders in Tokyo, Jakarta, Seoul, and Beijing next week.In making my first trip as Secretary of State to Asia, I hope to signal that we need strong partners across the Pacific, just as we need strong partners across the Atlantic.We are, after all, both a transatlantic and a transpacific power.Our relationships with each of the countries I’m visiting, and with all of our partners and allies throughout Asia and the Pacific, are indispensable to our security and prosperity.When we consider the gravest global threats confronting us – financial instability and economic dislocation, terrorism and weapons of mass destruction, food security and health emergencies, climate change and energy vulnerability, stateless criminal cartels and human exploitation – it is clear that these threats do not stop at borders or oceans.Pandemics threaten school children in Jakarta and Jacksonville.Global financial crises shrink bank accounts in Sapporo and San Francisco.The dangers posed by nuclear proliferation create worries in Guangzhou as well as Washington.And climate change affects the livelihoods of farmers in China’s Hunan province and in America’s Midwest.These dangers affect us all, and therefore we all must play a role in addressing them.So I leave for Asia ready to deliver a message about America’s desire for more rigorous and persistent commitment and engagement, ready to work with leaders in Asia to resolve the economic crisis that threatens the Pacific as much as any other region, ready to strengthen our historic partnerships and alliances while developing deeper bonds with all nations, ready to help prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons in Asia, ready to expand our combined efforts on 21st century challenges like climate change and clean energy, pandemics, and income inequality.In the Obama Administration, we are also ready to reach beyond ministerial buildings and official meeting halls, as important as those are.We’re ready to engage civil society to strengthen the foundations needed to support good governance, free elections, and a free press, wider educational opportunities, stronger healthcare systems, religious tolerance, and human rights.And we are ready to listen.Actively listening to our partners isn’t just a way of demonstrating respect.It can also be a source of ideas to fuel our common efforts.Too often in the recent past, our government has acted reflexively before considering available facts and evidence, or hearing the perspectives of others.But President Obama and I are committed to a foreign policy that is neither impulsive nor ideological, one that values what others have to say.And when we have differences, which we will, we will discuss them frankly and specify those which limit our capacity to cooperate.As part of our dialogues, we will hold ourselves and others accountable as we work to expand human rights and create a world that respects those rights, one where Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi can live freely in her own country, where the people of North Korea can freely choose their own leaders, and where Tibetans and all Chinese people can enjoy religious freedom without fear of prosecution.Existing problems today, we believe, are opportunities as well.Exercising smart power begins with realistic assessments of the world we inhabit.And this obliges us, no less than other nations, to acknowledge our own contributions to the global problems we face.Let me start with the global financial crisis that hit us first and hit us deeply.Across the United States today, families are losing jobs, homes, savings, and dreams.But this is not our crisis alone.Its repercussions are also being felt in parts of Asia and elsewhere around the world.We have recently heard forecasts from South Korea’s new finance minister that their economy will shrink by 2 percent this year, with 200,000 jobs potentially lost.A Chinese Government survey of villages last week reported that 20 million of the nation’s 130 million migrant workers are unemployed.In Japan, a new analysis predicts a larger economic contraction than previously forecast.Indonesia’s exports fell by more than 20 percent in December as growth estimates have also fallen.And Taiwan’s economy reported a record 44 percent drop in exports.Throughout Asia, the demand for durable goods is way down.The global financial crisis requires every nation to look inward for solutions, but none of us can afford to become so introspective that we overlook the critical role that international partnerships must play in stabilizing the world’s economy and putting all of us back on the path to prosperity.And we cannot respond with a race to erect trade and other barriers.We must remain committed to a system of open and fair trade.Here at home, our government is working to address the housing crisis and restore the banking system.Congress is expected to pass a stimulus package that represents the largest government effort in a generation to create jobs and increase incomes.China, Australia, and others in Asia are responding vigorously.We need multiple engines working together to reignite global growth.At the G-20 meeting in Washington in November, leaders pledged to take actions from adjusting fiscal policy to strengthening domestic regulation.The upcoming G-20 meeting in April in London will provide us with an opportunity to build on that pledge.Like the financial crisis, other issues also require bilateral as well as regional and global approaches.The United States is committed to maintaining our historic security alliances in Asia and building on those relationships to counter the complex global threats we face.I’m very pleased that Japan and South Korea this week agreed to joint assistance for reconstruction efforts in Afghanistan, and that both countries continue to work with us on global security, especially in combating piracy off the Horn of Africa.We will need to work together to address the most acute challenge to stability in Northeast Asia, North Korea’s nuclear program.The Obama Administration is committed to working through the Six-Party Talks, and I will discuss with South Korea, Japan, and China how best to get the negotiations back on track.We believe we have an opportunity to move these discussions forward, but it is incumbent upon North Korea to avoid any provocative action and unhelpful rhetoric toward South Korea.The North Korean Government has committed to abandoning all nuclear weapons and to return at an early date to the Treaty on Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons.We continue to hold them to those commitments.If North Korea is genuinely prepared to completely and verifiably eliminate their nuclear weapons program, the Obama Administration will be willing to normalize bilateral relations, replace the peninsula’s longstanding armistice agreements with a permanent peace treaty, and assist in meeting the energy and other economic needs of the North Korean people.On a related matter, I will assure our allies in Japan that we have not forgotten the families of Japanese citizens abducted to North Korea.And I will meet with some of those families in Tokyo next week.Global solutions are essential to addressing climate change and the need for clean sources of energy.Now, climate change is not just an environmental nor an energy issue, it also has implications for our health and our economies and our security, all wrapped up in one.The rapid appointment that the President and I made of a United States Special Envoy for Climate Change reflects the seriousness we feel about dealing with this urgent threat.And I will be taking Special Envoy Todd Stern with me to Asia next week to begin the discussions that we hope will create the opportunities for cooperation.Now, our nation has been the largest historic emitter of greenhouse gases, and we acknowledge that we must lead efforts to cut harmful emissions and build a lower-carbon economy.But each of the countries that I’m visiting also have a role to play in this effort.I will press the case for clean energy in both Japan and South Korea, and look for ways to work with Indonesia as well.Orville Schell’s commentary in Time magazine this week reminds us that collaboration on clean energy and greater efficiency offers a real opportunity to deepen the overall U.S.-Chinese relationship.So we will work hard with the Chinese to create partnerships that promote cleaner energy sources, greater energy efficiency, technology transfers that can benefit both countries, and other strategies that simultaneously protect the environment and promote economic growth.While in Beijing, I will visit a clean thermal power plant built with GE and Chinese technology.It serves as an example of the kind of job-creating, bilateral, public-private collaboration that we need so much more of.Now, you may have heard me describe the portfolio of the State Department as including two of national security’s three Ds: defense, diplomacy, and development.Each is essential to advancing our interests and our security.Yet too often, development is regarded as peripheral to our larger foreign policy objectives.This will not be the case in the Obama Administration.We will energetically promote development around the world to expand opportunities that enable citizens, particularly on the margins, and particularly women and children, to fulfill their God-given potential, which we happen to believe will advance our shared security interests.That much of Asia enjoys peace and prosperity today is due in no small part to American efforts over the last half century to support political, economic, security, and educational alliances with Asian nations.We are proud to have lent American assistance in response to natural disasters, including rebuilding efforts after the tsunami in Indonesia and the cyclone in Burma.And we commend the Indonesian people and government for settling longstanding civil conflict in Aceh that threatened the country’s progress, and for similar positive efforts to achieve peace and stability that are working in Timor-Leste.Indonesia is one of Asia’s most dynamic nations, where human energy and aspiration combine to help lead the country to a free and fair system of elections, a free press, a robust civil society, and a prominent role for women in the Indonesian Government.We will support Indonesia and other countries in the region that are actively promoting shared values.And we look forward to working with our other partners and friends in the regions, allies like Thailand and the Philippines, along with Singapore, Malaysia, and Vietnam, to ensure that ASEAN can live up to its charter, to demonstrate the region’s capacity for leadership on economic, political, human rights, and social issues.Let me also thank Australia for its leadership and friendship over decades.While I’m not able to visit Australia on this trip, we know that Australia is one of our most trusted allies in the world.And as we have all seen in the news, wildfires have devastated the state of Victoria during the past week.President Obama and Prime Minister Rudd have discussed the situation by phone.And we have sent forest fire specialists to help the Australians out.We want our Australian friends to know that we mourn with them over the loss of innocent lives in this tragedy, and we remain grateful for our work together in the past and what we will do together in the future.Let me now give you a brief rundown of some of the key issues that I will be addressing next week, country by country, starting with my first stop in Japan.Our security alliance with Japan, 50 years old next year, has been, and must remain, unshakable.In Tokyo, I will sign the Guam International Agreement, which will position our security alliance to meet the challenges of this time by moving 8,000 American troops from Okinawa to Guam.Japan is also to be commended for taking on a bigger leadership role in addressing the economic crisis in Pakistan and for working on collaborative efforts to explore space, cure disease, and offer relief to victims of disasters around the world.We anticipate an even stronger partnership with Japan that helps preserve the peace and stability of Asia and increasingly focuses on global challenges, from disaster relief to advancing education for girls in Afghanistan and Pakistan to alleviating poverty in Africa.We also will focus on the very fertile ground for cooperation that we believe exists with Indonesia.I don’t need to remind you that our new President is well known and much admired there.We now have an opportunity for stronger partnerships on education, energy, and food security.The Indonesian Government has also suggested the creation of a deeper partnership with the United States.This idea represents a positive approach to areas of common concern, and we are committed to working with Indonesia to pursue such a partnership with a concrete agenda.In South Korea, we will be visiting with one of our staunchest historic allies.And certainly, everyone who has followed the history of South Korea joins me in admiration for the transition that we have observed from static conditions of the past century to the dynamic state that South Korea finds itself in today.The United States and South Korea are both committed to expanding trade in a manner that benefits both of our countries, and we will work together to that end.As members of the Asia Society, you know very well how important China is and how essential it is that we have a positive, cooperative relationship.It is vital to peace and prosperity, not only in the Asia-Pacific region, but worldwide.Our mutual economic engagement with China was evident during the economic growth of the past two decades.It is even clearer now in economic hard times and in the array – excuse me – in the array of global challenges we face, from nuclear security to climate change to pandemic disease and so much else.Now, some believe that China on the rise is, by definition, an adversary.To the contrary, we believe that the United States and China can benefit from and contribute to each other’s successes.It is in our interest to work harder to build on areas of common concern and shared opportunities.China has already asserted itself in positive ways as chair of the Six-Party Talks and in its participation in international peacekeeping efforts.And our two countries, I’m happy to say, will resume mid-level military-to-military discussions later this month.And we look forward to further improved relations across the Taiwan Strait.Even with our differences, the United States will remain committed to pursuing a positive relationship with China, one that we believe is essential to America’s future peace, progress, and prosperity.An ancient Chinese story tells of warring feudal states, whose soldiers find themselves on a boat together crossing a wide river in a storm.Instead of fighting one another, they work together and survive.Now, from this story comes a Chinese aphorism that says, “When you are in a common boat, you need to cross the river peacefully together.” The wisdom of that aphorism must continue to guide us today.So I will leave for Asia Sunday with a firm commitment to work very hard with our partners across the Pacific, to strengthen our engagement so that the positive transformations of the past half-century are replicated, mirrored, made stronger and more obvious in this century.We have such an opportunity that I hope we will seize, but it is not just up to our government to do so.It is also up to Americans across our country, those of you here in the Asia Society, in the private sector, in academia, in labor and the professions, in nongovernmental organizations all.Let us commit ourselves to providing the kind of outreach and responsiveness, understanding, and commitment that will lead not just to a better understanding, but positive actions to improve the lives of our own people here and those who live in Asia today.Thank you all very much.(Applause.)MS.DESAI: My goodness.SECRETARY CLINTON: Thank you.(Applause.)MS.DESAI: Please stay seated for a little while longer.First of all, thank you so much for such an amazing, encompassing speech that I know is going to be heard around the world, as it is being heard now.The Secretary has actually agreed to take a few questions.I want to just remind you all that we really want to focus on East Asia.So those of who say, “How come she didn’t say anything about India,” we’re not doing it now –(laughter)– just so you know.Because there’s another time.And the fact is that the Special Representative Richard Holbrooke is actually in South Asia now, and we don’t want all of our heavy power all to be in the same place at the same time.So do not ask those questions.And what I’m going to do is that we actually have questions from online audience, as well as here, and we have selected a few to see if you would give some answers.The first one is very simple, but we would love to hear from you about what you think is the significance of having your first trip as Secretary of State to Asia and not somewhere else? SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, I believe it demonstrates clearly that our new Administration wants to focus a lot of time and energy in working with Asian partners and all the nations in the Pacific region because we know that so much of our future depends upon our relationships there.And we equally know that our capacity to solve a lot of the global challenges that we’re confronting depends upon decisions that are made there.So it was an easy choice for me to make.Obviously, we are focused on the many problems that exist today that we’re confronting.Right off the bat, actually, the very first day I walked into the State Department and the second day of his Administration, both President Obama and Vice President Biden came to the State Department to make the announcements that I had asked them to do, naming George Mitchell as our Special Envoy to the Middle East and Richard Holbrooke as our Special Representative to Afghanistan and Pakistan.So clearly, we are focused on many parts of the world.We are in preparation right now for the NATO Summit that will be coming up in Europe.I will be going to Cairo on March the 2nd for the Donors Conference that Egypt is hosting on humanitarian aid for the people of Gaza.I will be helping to tee up what we do with the Summit of Americas that is coming in April that will be very important for our neighbors to the south, as well as ourself.We have a lot of challenges in Africa that we are working hard to address.So it’s a big world, and we have a lot of work to do.And I think there has been a general feeling that perhaps we didn’t pay an appropriate amount of attention to Asia over the last years, being very preoccupied with other parts of the world, so I wanted to start at the very beginning demonstrating our commitment there.MS.DESAI: Thank you.That was from Robert Kindle of ARD German Broadcasting from Washington, D.C.The next question is from our own Vice Chair sitting in San Francisco, Jack Wadsworth.And he’s asking, and I will paraphrase the question, that under the Paulson-Bush era, the primary focus of U.S.-China dialogue has been economic.What do you think are the risks or potential benefits of broadening this agenda? SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, it’s an excellent question, and it’s a apt description.Secretary Geithner and I have already met about this because we believe that the Department of State and the Treasury Department should be playing a mutually reinforcing role with respect to the broad range of issues that the United States and China should be discussing.We think that this provides us with the opportunity to engage at all levels of government simultaneously.How we’re going to structure those dialogues is something that I will be discussing with the Chinese leadership this coming week.But it is important that we understand how broad and deep the concerns that we share truly are.You know, I made a reference to energy and climate change.We are, as I said, the historically largest emitter, but China has just surpassed us.They are now the largest emitter.And this has such direct effects on healthcare and indices of quality of life, as well as the economy and so much else.So we want to have a very broad discussion.How we structure it is something we’re going to work out mutually with the Chinese.MS.DESAI: Well, sometimes people have said that since Secretary Geithner would be so focused on the economic stimulus package here and what happens at home, does that mean that State will actually take more of a leadership responsibility for the organization of these under your leadership? SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, we know that the Secretary, along with much of the rest of our government, is focused on getting our own economy up and going.But what we can do and the sequencing of how effective our recovery will be is very intimately connected with what the Chinese are doing and the decisions they’re making.So the economic dialogue is a broad one to start with.There are aspects of it that I think, you know, very much belong within the Treasury portfolio.But there are other aspects which cut across the entire range of issues that we would like to address with the Chinese.So that’s why Secretary Geithner and I have been working out our own approach.There have always been, alongside the strategic economic dialogue that Treasury led during the Bush Administration, senior dialogues on a range of issues, plus defense-related discussions.So there’s been a lot going on, but partly out of choices that were made in the last eight years, the economic dialogue, led by the Treasury Department, really did assume a larger role than a lot of these other concerns.And we think that it is in our mutual interest to work out a way that all of these important issues are discussed on an ongoing basis, and that’s what we intend to do.MS.DESAI: Well, I must say from the Asia Society perspective, it’s wonderful that you and the Obama Administration generally have focused so much on climate change because of our own work under the leadership of Orville Schell.But I should also tell you that Tim Geithner happens to be a good friend of this institution because Peter, his father, who is the head of the Asia region in Ford Foundation, was also a good friend.So we’re delighted that you will be working together, and we hope he will be here as well.SECRETARY CLINTON: I will extend the invitation.MS.DESAI: Right.Thank you.(Laughter.)SECRETARY CLINTON: I don’t know if they’ll let him out of Washington for anything--MS.DESAI: Not yet.Not yet.SECRETARY CLINTON:--anything yet.MS.DESAI: This is an interesting question.North Korean Philharmonic wants to hold a concert in New York, in response to when the New York Philharmonic went there.Is there any condition in changing the atmosphere before such visas could be granted? SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, I am hopeful that we will be able to engage the North Korean Government in the kind of serious discussion that I referred to in my remarks, one that could lead with their fulfilling their commitments regarding denuclearization and nonproliferation to bilateral relations and opportunities for the kind of normalization that I think many would hope to see.So much of it depends upon the choices that they make.But we will look at all of these individual decisions – like the Philharmonic coming here, for example – and consider whether or not that does help us to try to change the atmosphere to increase the connections between North Koreans, and certainly, Americans get it off of just the government-to-government Six-Party Talk and bilateral discussions that have been the, you know, predominant or only way of that kind of formal relationship.So much of it depends upon the choices that the North Korean Government makes.And certainly, we are hopeful that they will not engage in provocative actions and words that could create a much more difficult path for us to walk with them.MS.DESAI: This is about the Bretton Woods Institution.Some experts have called for a revision of the Bretton Woods Institution and the UN – especially the Security Council, as you know – so that it would account primarily also for the increasing role of Asian states in global, economic and political affairs.How, if at all, do you think these institutions might accommodate and engage a rising Asia? SECRETARY CLINTON: I think the discussions that have been started in the G-20 and also at the G-8 level, as well as within multilateral institutions like the IMF, the World Bank, the WTO, as well as within governments, should vigorously consider and debate whether we need new institutions, whether we need to, you know, reframe some of the regulatory processes that need to be in place.This should all be on the table, and I know that certainly, the Obama Administration is going to be implementing new regulations in our own economy that we think will make the free market work better and be more effective without the kind of distortion and interference that some of the decisions that we’ve seen over the last several years have caused.So I think that there is a great – a great receptivity, but the devil is in the details, and there hasn’t been the kind of hard work yet done to determine whether the – you know, the son of Bretton Woods is a realistic possibility or not.And I’m hoping that that will be part of the broader agenda.I know it’s on the minds of the President and the Treasury Secretary and the National Economic Council led by Larry Summers.So from my perspective, I think it’s important for the United States to lead and rebuild confidence in our own markets to demonstrate that we’ve learned the lessons that the last months have unfortunately brought home to us, in order to both answer the legitimate criticism from others around the world and assuage their concerns about our economic position.In order to continue to be the preeminent economic power in the United States, we have to take actions here that will position us for that kind of future.And I hope that with the President’s leadership, you’ll see that happen.MS.DESAI: As you have said numerous times, actually, that often in Asia, people have said after their last financial crisis that we gave them lots of advice on what to do.And many Asians now come back and say, “But America hasn’t followed its own advice.” And therefore, we have to reclaim that position again--SECRETARY CLINTON: That’s right.MS.DESAI:--of credibility.It’s important.SECRETARY CLINTON: I think that – I mean, everyone talks about our current financial crisis as being as much one of confidence and trust as of, you know, credit.And I really believe that we’ve got to take steps here in order to demonstrate exactly what Vishakha is saying, that we’ve cleaned up our own house and we’ve done it in a smart way, where we haven’t crippled our capacity to, you know, be the global, you know, credit center, to be a market maker, to do all that is done so well historically in this city.But you don’t have to travel very far to hear the voices of doubt and even the explicit criticism coming from the leaders of other countries.And it’s my hope that, you know, again, we’ll have a public-private partnership to address these concerns, answer them, and, you know, lead the global recovery so that we can once again, you know, be promoting and creating prosperity here at home as well as around the world.MS.DESAI: This question is partly related, but somewhat different, and this question is from Michele Ehlers and she’s a co-founder of Global Visionary – Global Leadership Network in Fremont, California.And her question is: How can we upgrade our American dream to a global vision that the earth can sustain and that is supportable for every human being? If we Americans wish to be known for our leadership in the world and be recognized as true partners in global development, we need to take on a new model of life that’s sustainable and possible for every human being.How can you best advocate that? SECRETARY CLINTON: That’s a great question, and it was a question that maybe five years ago would have been, you know, thought of as kind of touchy-feely, to be honest about it –(laughter)– and would not have been entertained seriously in a lot of the boardrooms and the decision-makers’ meetings and halls of legislatures.But I think it is an issue that we have to be smart about addressing.You see, the threat of global climate change, the intimidation created as we’ve seen in Europe by control over energy supplies, the fear that globalization has not spread its benefits broadly and deeply enough, those are all opportunities for Americans, primarily in the private sector and also in our government, to start kind of solving these problems, and to do so with the same level of energy and ingenuity that we have brought to problems in the past.We have such an opportunity here, and I’m hoping that, you know, some of the provisions that made their way through the difficult negotiations over the stimulus package will have the result of helping to jumpstart and support research.We’ve got to get back to supporting basic science in America.It’s one of our greatest advantages.And we have not been keeping up with our potential for leading the way in science, technology, and research.So I would hope that the answer to the question asked doesn’t, in any Americans’ minds, sort of create the image that somehow, we would have to give up our way of life.I mean, that seems to always end up being the debate, that, you know, this will be economically ruinous for us, this will cause us to fall behind, we’ll lose out in what the American dream should be, in a material sense.And I just don’t buy that.I don’t believe that is the way forward.Now, do we have to change some of how we live? Yes.But, you know, changing to compact fluorescent bulbs is not the kind of sacrifice that is going to undermine the quality of our life.(Laughter.)You know, it--MS.DESAI: You know, in Australia, now they already have made that as a law.SECRETARY CLINTON: That’s right.MS.DESAI: You know, so--SECRETARY CLINTON: That’s right.And so I think there’s – you know, you can go from the small steps that each of us can take, which, in the aggregate, would add up to significant changes, to the kind of governmental driven decisions that you’ll see more of in the Obama Administration.Our new Secretary of Energy Steven Chu is absolutely focused on how he can make the case that changes in our uses of energy, and in how we both create it and deliver it, would go a long way toward enabling us to live a better, more sustainable life.You know, even though the legislative changes that have been made in California over the last 35 years have resulted in a lower per capita usage of electricity than in the rest of the country – and I don’t think people in California feel like they’re deprived.So part of what we have to do is have the leadership in both the public and the private sectors look to academia – you know, ask for good ideas – and then begin implementing them, and do so with courage and a pioneering spirit.You know, we are supposed to be the problem solvers.You know, that’s who we’re supposed to be.And it’s time, when we face these global challenges, we demonstrate that that’s who we continue to be.And I’m excited by it.I think, you know, our children and our children’s children will live very well if we make the right decisions now.And if we don’t, I don’t think we can look them in the eyes and make that claim, and I don’t want to live like that as an American.I think it’s far preferable that we step up to our responsibilities, and I know that’s what the President is trying to encourage us to do.MS.DESAI: Well, it’s sort of – you talk about smart power in international relations.This is about smart energy use--SECRETARY CLINTON: That’s right.MS.DESAI:--domestically and--SECRETARY CLINTON: Yeah, smart grids.MS.DESAI: Exactly.SECRETARY CLINTON: Smart cars.MS.DESAI: Right.SECRETARY CLINTON: You know, I mean, it’s not going to happen overnight.But the idea that we just continue putting off the future when we’re supposed to be the country of the future is so contrary to our nature.And it is, I think, causing some puzzlement around the world.But also, people are going to say, “Well, we’ll take advantage of those opportunities.”

You know, whether or not we have a modern battery industry is up to us.Whether or not we have a smart electric grid that will save energy and be able to decentralize energy production and usage is up to us.Whether or not we sort our way through our automobile crisis and end up with cars that are energy savers as – insofar as transportation permits is up to us.And you can go down the list.These are not somebody else’s responsibility, and I think we have to have a very significant government commitment, and that’s what we’re trying to do in the Obama Administration.It’s still difficult to make the case.I mean, a lot of what was in the stimulus originally, which would have set the path for us, you know, was not left in because it was thought to be, you know, economically challenging, should be left to – completely to the private sector.Well, we forget we electrified the country because the government stepped in.You know, we have so many examples from our past where we went as far as we could with the private sector, but frankly, it wasn’t profitable to bring electricity to the northern reaches of New York and the Adirondacks or northern Arkansas.The interstate highway system – we built highways to places that were barely populated, which are now booming.I mean, we made decisions that drove our growth and they were government and business decisions, and I think we’ve got to get back to thinking about that and feeling like we’re all on the American team for the next decade so that we can reassert our position economically here at home and around the world.MS.DESAI: On that note, we must bring this to an end.I just want to say that with our foreign policy in your hands, our heart is at ease.SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, thank you.MS.DESAI: Please join me in thanking Secretary Clinton.(Applause.)(end transcript)Article translated in: 中文

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第四篇：希拉里克林頓在紐約大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上的演講

希拉里克林頓在紐約大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上的演講

Thank you.Thank you so much.Thank you.And does it get any better than this, a graduation ceremony for one of the great universities in the world in the home of New York Yankees? Nothing could be better.(Applause.)And thanks to all of you for cheering a visitor.I didn't realize that was permitted in Yankee Stadium.I am honored to receive this degree.And on behalf of the other honorees, I say thank you.Thank you for giving us this singular privilege of being part of this commencement ceremony.As I look out at this huge crowd of graduates, family, and friends, I can only reflect on what an extraordinary moment in history you are receiving your degrees, a moment in time of our country and the world where your talents and your energy, your passion and commitment is more needed than ever.There is no doubt that you are well prepared for a world that seems somewhat uncertain but which will welcome the education that you have received on behalf of not only of yourselves and your families, but your communities and your country.謝謝，謝謝，非常感謝。還有比這更好的事嗎——世界上最好的大學(xué)之一在紐約揚(yáng)基隊(duì)主場(chǎng)所在地舉行畢業(yè)典禮？真是再好不過了。（掌聲）謝謝大家如此熱烈地為一位來(lái)訪的客人加油。我原以為在揚(yáng)基體育場(chǎng)不可以這樣做。

能夠獲得這個(gè)學(xué)位，我感到十分榮幸。我代表獲得此一榮譽(yù)的其他人向你們表示感謝。謝謝你們給予我們參加這次畢業(yè)典禮的殊榮。當(dāng)我看到眼前這一大群畢業(yè)生及其親朋好友時(shí)，我不禁想到，你們是在一個(gè)不同尋常的歷史時(shí)刻獲得學(xué)位，我們的國(guó)家和整個(gè)世界比以往更需要你們的才智和精力、你們的激情和承諾。毫無(wú)疑問，你們已經(jīng)為投入這樣的世界作好了充分的準(zhǔn)備：這個(gè)世界似乎前景不很明朗，但將贊賞你們不僅為了你們自己和家人而且為了你們的社區(qū)和國(guó)家所接受的教育。

第五篇：美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿克林頓就全球健康行動(dòng)計(jì)劃發(fā)表講話

美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿克林頓就全球健康行動(dòng)計(jì)劃發(fā)表講話

2010-08-19 01:39:27| 全球健康行動(dòng)計(jì)劃：美國(guó)在世界衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域下一階段的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用

國(guó)務(wù)卿希拉里·克林頓（Hillary Rodham Clinton）約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)高級(jí)國(guó)際研究學(xué)院（SAIS）

華盛頓哥倫比亞特區(qū) 2010年8月16日

這就是我今天要向你們闡述的使命：奧巴馬政府如何進(jìn)一步履行我國(guó)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)對(duì)全球衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域所作的承諾，使更多地方有更多的人獲得挽救生命的疾病預(yù)防、治療和護(hù)理。

這是美國(guó)在當(dāng)今世界發(fā)揮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用的一個(gè)標(biāo)志，也是我時(shí)刻牽掛的一個(gè)問題。過去20年來(lái)，我有幸代表我們國(guó)家訪問過世界上很多地方，我所結(jié)識(shí)的許許多多的人都親身體驗(yàn)到成功的健康計(jì)劃所能發(fā)揮的巨大作用。

……歷史上沒有任何國(guó)家為改善全球健康狀況作出了更多的努力。在取得當(dāng)代某些最重大的衛(wèi)生成就方面，美國(guó)走在世界的最前列。天花困擾人類達(dá)數(shù)千年之久，直至1960和1970年代，我們通過世界衛(wèi)生組織（World Health Organization）一系列根除天花的行動(dòng)為這種疾病的絕跡作出了貢獻(xiàn)?！皵U(kuò)大免疫規(guī)劃”（Expanded Program on Immunization）使全世界將近80%的兒童接種了挽救生命的疫苗，而在36年前這項(xiàng)規(guī)劃剛啟動(dòng)時(shí)，僅有不到5%的兒童接種疫苗，此項(xiàng)成就部分歸功于美國(guó)的資助和支持。美國(guó)參與倡導(dǎo)的推廣微量營(yíng)養(yǎng)素的全球性努力保護(hù)了千百萬(wàn)幼童和孕婦的健康。

我們?cè)诳箵舯缓鲆暤臒釒Ъ膊〉亩窢?zhēng)中也在全球處于領(lǐng)先地位，僅在過去四年中就為5900萬(wàn)熱帶疾病患者提供了治療。我們每年都參與覆蓋5000多萬(wàn)人的瘧疾防治工作，我們提供將近60%——全世界艾滋病病毒和艾滋病防治捐助資金的60%。在全世界為衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展援助提供的資金中，有總共40%的資金來(lái)自美國(guó)。

毫無(wú)疑問，這不是民主黨或共和黨的問題，而是一個(gè)牽動(dòng)美國(guó)人的愛心、超越黨派政治的問題。我國(guó)之所以能在衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用，是因?yàn)榈玫搅藘牲h一致的強(qiáng)有力的支持。我贊賞布什政府在全球衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域所做的開拓性工作，特別是提出了總統(tǒng)防治艾滋病緊急救援計(jì)劃（President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief）和總統(tǒng)防治瘧疾行動(dòng)計(jì)劃（President's Malaria Initiative）這兩項(xiàng)具有代表性的衛(wèi)生計(jì)劃?！?/p>

現(xiàn)在，除了政府，美國(guó)各民間組織也正在作出卓越的貢獻(xiàn)。例如，比爾和梅林達(dá)蓋茨基金會(huì)（Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation)捐贈(zèng)了數(shù)十億美元重新開展大規(guī)模免疫活動(dòng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)預(yù)防和治療疾病的新疫苗及其他手段；卡特中心（Carter Center)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了消滅危害健康的麥地那龍線蟲病的全球運(yùn)動(dòng)；克林頓基金會(huì)（Clinton Foundation)與制藥公司合作，讓數(shù)百萬(wàn)民眾能夠獲得可負(fù)擔(dān)的艾滋藥品；還有美國(guó)各地的數(shù)百個(gè)其他組織，它們用創(chuàng)新方法為世界各地的人民提供拯救生命和改善生活的保健服務(wù)。

教會(huì)和宗教團(tuán)體也帶頭為急需的人們提供治療，包括派出志愿醫(yī)務(wù)工作者，他們?cè)谀切┤贬t(yī)少藥的地方為民眾服務(wù)，有時(shí)冒著生命危險(xiǎn)。就在兩個(gè)星期前，來(lái)自美國(guó)和其他幾個(gè)國(guó)家的志愿醫(yī)務(wù)工作者在阿富汗被殺害，當(dāng)時(shí)他們正在為鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)提供巡回醫(yī)療服務(wù)，治療眼疾，并開辦一個(gè)牙科診所。這對(duì)他們的家庭是一個(gè)巨大的損失，對(duì)世界是一個(gè)巨大的損失，對(duì)那些已經(jīng)受益于或即將受益于他們的幫助的人也是一個(gè)巨大的損失。

此類事件提醒我們，加強(qiáng)全球衛(wèi)生工作不僅是我國(guó)政府堅(jiān)定不移的首要任務(wù)，而且是許多美國(guó)公民和我們整個(gè)民族的首要任務(wù)。這是我們國(guó)家的一項(xiàng)重要?dú)v史紀(jì)錄，一項(xiàng)經(jīng)常被忽略或沒有引起充分關(guān)注的紀(jì)錄。

今天，我代表奧巴馬政府，向大家通報(bào)一下美國(guó)全球衛(wèi)生工作的下一個(gè)篇章。它被稱為“全球健康行動(dòng)計(jì)劃”，簡(jiǎn)稱GHI。它代表著一種新方法，以新思維為指導(dǎo)，并設(shè)定了新的目標(biāo)：增強(qiáng)我們現(xiàn)有的衛(wèi)生工作計(jì)劃，在此基礎(chǔ)上幫助其他國(guó)家發(fā)展改善本國(guó)人民健康的能力，從而拯救盡可能多的生命。

*我們投資于全球衛(wèi)生事業(yè)，為的是加強(qiáng)脆弱或社會(huì)機(jī)制衰退的國(guó)家。我們已經(jīng)看到艾滋病奪去了農(nóng)民、教師、軍人、醫(yī)務(wù)工作者和其他專業(yè)人士的生命，對(duì)國(guó)家產(chǎn)生了毀滅性影響，數(shù)百萬(wàn)孤兒和弱勢(shì)兒童無(wú)人照料，他們的需求遠(yuǎn)不是任何政府機(jī)構(gòu)可以滿足的。由于艾滋病的破壞性影響，克林頓政府不僅把它歸類為一項(xiàng)健康威脅，而且視作對(duì)國(guó)家安全的威脅，后來(lái)的國(guó)務(wù)卿科林·鮑威爾（Colin Powell)也持同樣的立場(chǎng)。研究國(guó)家安全的智庫(kù)“戰(zhàn)略和國(guó)際問題研究中心”（Center for Strategic and International Studies)發(fā)起成立了“全球衛(wèi)生策略委員會(huì)”（Commission on Smart Global Health Policy)。該委員會(huì)的共同主席為“世界援助和救援合作組織”（CARE)的海林·蓋爾(Helene Gayle)和退休海軍上將威廉·法倫(William J.Fallon)，其目的是為全球衛(wèi)生工作尋找新戰(zhàn)略，因?yàn)槲覀兿嘈胚@將有助于我們建立一個(gè)更安全、更穩(wěn)定的世界。

我們投資于全球衛(wèi)生事業(yè)，為的是促進(jìn)社會(huì)與經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步，并支持能夠幫助我們解決地區(qū)與全球衛(wèi)生問題的伙伴們進(jìn)行能力建設(shè)。我們看到，在許多地方，遭受疾病折磨的人民在許多不同的層次上掙扎：通常貧困范圍很廣，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不完善，食品生產(chǎn)能力有限，兒童入學(xué)率低。本來(lái)可以為家庭和國(guó)家的進(jìn)步發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)作用的人們現(xiàn)在因疾病、貧困、缺少機(jī)會(huì)而無(wú)力自救。

我們投資于全球衛(wèi)生事業(yè)，為的是保護(hù)我們的國(guó)家安全。舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，每天有成千上萬(wàn)的人跨越大陸飛行，從而為我們緊密相連的世界帶來(lái)疾病傳播的威脅，我們需要一個(gè)全面有效的全球系統(tǒng)來(lái)追蹤衛(wèi)生數(shù)據(jù)、監(jiān)控疾病威脅和協(xié)調(diào)應(yīng)對(duì)措施。近年來(lái)，由于非典（SARS）和H1N1流感病毒的傳播，人們對(duì)于這樣一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的必要性有了充分的認(rèn)識(shí)。如果在疾病剛剛出現(xiàn)時(shí)就加以遏制，阻止大規(guī)模爆發(fā)，使之不至演變成全球性威脅，就能夠節(jié)省大量人力物力，取得事半功倍的效果。但是，這在那些醫(yī)療服務(wù)和公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)不足或根本不存在的地方很難做到。

我們把投資于全球衛(wèi)生事業(yè)作為公共外交的一種方式。對(duì)于世界上的億萬(wàn)民眾，在美國(guó)幫助下獲得預(yù)防、治療或護(hù)理是他們了解我們國(guó)家和人民的主要途徑，這種體驗(yàn)可能發(fā)生巨大的作用。就傳播我們的價(jià)值觀而言，讓人們有可能健康長(zhǎng)壽或幫助他們的孩子免受疾病的威脅，其效果不亞于任何國(guó)事訪問或戰(zhàn)略對(duì)話。

我們把投資于全球衛(wèi)生事業(yè)作為明確、直接地表達(dá)愛心的一種方式。每一年，數(shù)百萬(wàn)人因不能獲得簡(jiǎn)單的救助而喪生，如蚊帳或維生素強(qiáng)化食品，或口服補(bǔ)液治療。作為一個(gè)國(guó)家和一個(gè)民族，我們絕對(duì)不能接受那種毫無(wú)意義的死亡，我們的基因里沒有這種成分。因此，美國(guó)人在調(diào)查中經(jīng)常表示支持把我們繳納的稅款用于全球衛(wèi)生項(xiàng)目——不是因?yàn)樗芙o我們自己帶來(lái)好處，而是因?yàn)檫@些錢可以并且正在被用于為他人謀福利。很少有其他投資與我們?nèi)康膬r(jià)值觀如此吻合，也很少有其他投資更具有合理性。全球衛(wèi)生是一個(gè)突出的例子，它說(shuō)明了從戰(zhàn)略高度使用我們的資源能夠?qū)θ嗣?、社區(qū)和國(guó)家產(chǎn)生立竿見影和經(jīng)久不衰的影響。

世界各地有許許多多對(duì)生命和生計(jì)構(gòu)成威脅的疾病與營(yíng)養(yǎng)缺乏癥，而我們的資源卻是有限的。因此，我們必須針對(duì)最危險(xiǎn)的威脅，從戰(zhàn)略高度作出有事實(shí)依據(jù)的決策，以確保我們的投資——這些資金畢竟來(lái)自美國(guó)納稅人——取得實(shí)效。我們還必須注重長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)目標(biāo)——不僅努力滿足今天的迫切需要，而且為明天和下一代人能有更好的健康打下基礎(chǔ)。

這一思想貫穿于奧巴馬總統(tǒng)去年發(fā)起的全球健康行動(dòng)計(jì)劃的各個(gè)方面。美國(guó)正在進(jìn)行630億美元的投資，首先用于保持和加強(qiáng)我們現(xiàn)有的衛(wèi)生項(xiàng)目，其次，通過與政府、組織、公民社會(huì)團(tuán)體和個(gè)人協(xié)作，把這些項(xiàng)目提升到更高水平，從而擴(kuò)大我們?cè)诠残l(wèi)生領(lǐng)域預(yù)期能夠取得的進(jìn)展。

我們正在把重點(diǎn)從解決具體問題轉(zhuǎn)向造福于人民，即更全面地考慮他們的生存狀況，確保他們能夠在一生中獲得最需要的保健服務(wù)。全球健康行動(dòng)計(jì)劃的根本目的是，由受援國(guó)發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)作用，通過將各項(xiàng)衛(wèi)生計(jì)劃整合為一個(gè)統(tǒng)一、協(xié)調(diào)、可持續(xù)的保健系統(tǒng)來(lái)解決問題?；趯?duì)總統(tǒng)艾滋病緊急救援計(jì)劃、總統(tǒng)防治瘧疾行動(dòng)計(jì)劃、母嬰保健、計(jì)劃生育、被忽視的熱帶疾病和其他關(guān)鍵的健康領(lǐng)域所作的投資，并基于疾病控制中心以及其他聯(lián)邦政府部門的工作，通過改進(jìn)提供衛(wèi)生服務(wù)的整體環(huán)境來(lái)擴(kuò)大效果。這樣，我們的投資能夠產(chǎn)生更大的影響，病人能夠得到更多和更好的保健服務(wù)，從而能夠更健康地生活。

根據(jù)全球健康行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，我們將增加經(jīng)費(fèi)，繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大總統(tǒng)艾滋病緊急救援計(jì)劃的成果。2008年，總統(tǒng)艾滋病緊急救援計(jì)劃的經(jīng)費(fèi)為50億美元。奧巴馬總統(tǒng)已經(jīng)為2011年提出57億美元的申請(qǐng)，這是單一國(guó)家為防治全球艾滋病所做的最大一筆投資。我們正在提高我們的治療目標(biāo)。通過全球健康行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，我們力爭(zhēng)為世界各地400多萬(wàn)人的治療提供直接支持——這個(gè)數(shù)目是在實(shí)施總統(tǒng)艾滋病緊急救援計(jì)劃的頭五年間接受治療人數(shù)的兩倍多。

我們正在提高我們的護(hù)理目標(biāo)，計(jì)劃為1200多萬(wàn)人提供護(hù)理，包括500萬(wàn)名孤兒和弱勢(shì)兒童。

我們正在提高我們的預(yù)防目標(biāo)，通過全球健康行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，我們的目標(biāo)是預(yù)防1200萬(wàn)例艾滋病毒感染。

我們正在加強(qiáng)對(duì)總統(tǒng)防治瘧疾行動(dòng)計(jì)劃的支持，目標(biāo)是使4.5億人口的瘧疾負(fù)擔(dān)減輕50%。

就結(jié)核病而言，我們希望通過增加治療機(jī)會(huì)挽救130萬(wàn)人的性命。

我們也在加強(qiáng)計(jì)劃生育和母嬰保健工作，這也是美國(guó)可以而且必須發(fā)揮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用的領(lǐng)域。

我們現(xiàn)在需要為日后取得更大進(jìn)展打好基礎(chǔ)，包括解決……系統(tǒng)性問題，以及與伙伴國(guó)協(xié)作，鏟除危害其人民健康的最根深蒂固的障礙……

首先，我們會(huì)和其他國(guó)家一起創(chuàng)建并實(shí)施它們根據(jù)自己的獨(dú)特需要和現(xiàn)有能力而主導(dǎo)設(shè)計(jì)的健康戰(zhàn)略，我們正在幫助這些國(guó)家培養(yǎng)能力，以便它們長(zhǎng)期管理、監(jiān)督、協(xié)調(diào)、?行健康計(jì)劃。其次，我們側(cè)重于婦女和女童的需求和貢獻(xiàn)。由于專業(yè)保健人員沒有注意到她們的苦難或了解其面臨的問題，她們?nèi)匀唤?jīng)常受到忽略，沒有獲得足夠的服務(wù)。

第三，我們正在完善衡量和評(píng)估自身影響的方式。這包括將重點(diǎn)從“投入”轉(zhuǎn)移至“成果和影響”──例如，不是根據(jù)我們分發(fā)了多少頂蚊帳來(lái)衡量成功，而是要了解有多少人因?yàn)檎_使用蚊帳而實(shí)際避免了瘧疾──這種評(píng)估提供更全面的信息，它需要我們作出投資，改進(jìn)我們收集、分析和共享數(shù)據(jù)的方式。

第四，我們正在投資于創(chuàng)新發(fā)明，重點(diǎn)在于開發(fā)工具，在我們工作的社區(qū)中幫助診斷、預(yù)防和治愈疾病。這些地區(qū)通常地處偏遠(yuǎn)，資源貧乏。

第五，我們正在改進(jìn)協(xié)調(diào)與整合。

第六，我們與現(xiàn)有伙伴合作，并且尋找新伙伴。我們希望和其他捐助國(guó)及多邊組織協(xié)同努力，其中許多國(guó)家和組織正在增進(jìn)全球健康方面做出卓越的貢獻(xiàn)。

可是，我們最重要的協(xié)作對(duì)象將是我們的伙伴國(guó)，我們也會(huì)繼續(xù)呼吁它們對(duì)這項(xiàng)努力作出最大的承諾，因?yàn)樗鼈兊呢暙I(xiàn)最終將決定我們能否達(dá)到目標(biāo)，成功地為世界上更多人創(chuàng)建統(tǒng)一、協(xié)調(diào)、可持續(xù)的保健系統(tǒng)