第一篇：英語四六級(jí)?？甲魑念愋图?

英語四六級(jí)?？甲魑念愋图胺段摹⒕湫?/p>

根據(jù)大學(xué)英語考試大綱的要求，大學(xué)英語考試四級(jí)作文的體裁有五類：議論文，說明文，應(yīng)用文，記敘文和描寫文。但在實(shí)際考試中，一般只考議論文和應(yīng)用文兩種體裁。

一、寫作注意事項(xiàng)

注意文體特征：應(yīng)用文是一種實(shí)用的文體。為了達(dá)到特定的交際目的，應(yīng)用文的寫作首先要求格式正確，語氣恰當(dāng)。

安排好文章結(jié)構(gòu)：一般來說，考生可以依次展開提綱中的三個(gè)要點(diǎn)，形成成為文章三個(gè)段落。但是須知，寫文章不是回答論述題，寫文章是一門藝術(shù)，一篇優(yōu)美的文章就是一件精美的藝術(shù)品。一篇文章是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體，先寫什么、后寫什么都要有一個(gè)統(tǒng)籌安排，需要花心思琢磨一番。因此，為了使文章的結(jié)構(gòu)更加合理，很多時(shí)候我們不能完全按照提綱的順序來寫。況且提綱只是規(guī)定了一篇文章寫作的大致范圍，并不要求考生嚴(yán)格按照其順序來寫作。構(gòu)思好文章內(nèi)容:四個(gè)字：有話能說。有些考生在考場(chǎng)上總想能象寫漢語作文那樣向老師掏心掏肺，寫出自己的真情實(shí)感，而事實(shí)上大部分考生的英語語言能力是達(dá)不到這一點(diǎn)的，因而常常在考場(chǎng)上陷入有千言萬語卻寫不出的苦惱。實(shí)際上，在構(gòu)思文章的內(nèi)容時(shí)最重要的不是你想寫什么，而是你能寫什么。在構(gòu)思過程中，面對(duì)自己腦海中冒出來的許多想法，考生要選擇那些自己能夠用正確的英語表達(dá)出來的內(nèi)容?？傊?，構(gòu)思文章內(nèi)容時(shí)，既要有話可說，更要有話能說

二、作文類型

1、致辭

Directions: Write a speech on the opening of a conference of no less than 120 words.In your speech, you should：

1、進(jìn)行自我介紹，2、詳細(xì)介紹大會(huì)內(nèi)容，3、結(jié)束語。范文：Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Beijing!To begin with, I would like to make a brief introduction to myself.I am the president of Motorola(China)Electronics Ltd.The following is my introduction to the conference.First, it is my great honor to be here with all of you and declare open the Conference of International Trade Cooperation.Second, on behalf of our company, I would like to express my heartfelt welcome to all the guests and delegates.Last, I believe our cooperative efforts are sure to be productive.I wish all of you enjoy yourselves during this conference and hope the above information will help you.If you have any question for me, please feel free to ask at any time.Thank you for your attention.2、求職信、求學(xué)信

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter applying for a position of a company.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese：

1、申請(qǐng)職位，2、簡(jiǎn)要介紹自己的情況，3、期待回信。范文：Dear Sir or Madam, I am senior from the Department of Business Administration of Beijing University.I am writing the letter in purpose of applying for admission into your esteemed institution/your recently advertised position for a staff member.I am sure that I am qualified for it.First, enclosed with this letter is my resume, which further details my previous academic qualifications and work experience.Second, not only do my qualifications and experience make me a perfect candidate for it, my cheerful personality is well suited to studying in your prestigious university/working as a staff member.Last, my hobbies include sports and music.Words fail me when I try to express my heartfelt gratitude to the help you rendered me.Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely, Li Ming

3、邀請(qǐng)信：

Directions: You want to invite some friends to a party.Write an invitation letter to them individually：

1、邀請(qǐng)參加晚會(huì)，2、說明舉辦晚會(huì)的原因，3、將安排哪些活動(dòng)。范文：Dear Wangcai, I am greatly honored to formally invite you to participate in Mr.Old Fish’s wedding ceremony with Ms.Fujiwora to be held at Beijing Grand Hotel from 8 to 10 p.m.on April 1, 2007.As you are a close friend of us, we would very much like you to attend the celebration and share our joy.The occasion will start at seven o’clock in the evening, with the showing of their wedding ceremony.This will be followed by a dinner party.At around ten, we will hold a small musical soiree, at which a band will perform some works by Bach and Strauss.If you do not have any prior appointment on April 1, we look forward to the pleasure of your company.Yours sincerely, Li Ming

4、個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷

Directions: Write of resume of yourself of no less than 120 words.In it, you should：

1、說明姓名、地址、聯(lián)系方式、求職目標(biāo)，2、教育背景、工作經(jīng)歷、資歷，3、所獲獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)、特長(zhǎng)，以及個(gè)人資料。范文：RESUME Li Ming P.O.Box 237, Beijing University Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871 Tel: 62768888 Email: liming@163.com

Career Objective: A position with management potential in the banking business specializing in international corporate financing Educational Background：Sept 2003 to Beijing University July 2007 Major in International Business Management Main courses include English,computer,Business Management, Accounting, International Commercial Law Work Experience：July 2006 to Bank of China June 2007 Internship, Secretary to Deputy Manager of Marketing Draft business correspondence Schedule deputy manager’s appointments

Qualifications: University graduation certificate and bachelor degree to be conferred upon graduation(2007)College English Test Band 4 June 2002 Honors & Awards: Twice awarded scholarship by Beijing University 2005& 2006 Special Skills: Familiarity with Microsoft Word, Excel Ability to work independently Outstanding Organizational skills Experience: President of Student Union 2003-present Personal Data: Date of Birth: Sep.17, 1984 Gender: Female Marital Status: Unmarried

5、告示

Directions: The Students’ Union of your department is planning a Chinese Speaking Contest.Write an announcement which covers the following information：

1、比賽目的、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，2、參賽者的要求，3、裁判和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的細(xì)節(jié)。You should write about 120 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use Department of Chinese Language and Literature at the end of the announcement.范文：Chinese Speaking Contest December 22, 2007 To improve students’ ability to speak Chinese and enrich after-class activities, the Students’ Union of Department of Chinese Language and Literature is organizing a school-wide Chinese speaking contest to be held on Saturday next week(29 December)at the Students’ Auditorium.Those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before Tuesday next week.Five professors will be invited to be judges.The first six winners will be given awards.Everybody is welcome to be present at the contest.The Students’ Union

Department of Chinese Language and Literature

6、就業(yè)

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Jobs for Graduates.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：

1、大學(xué)生難找工作，2、原因很多，3、解決的辦法。范文：Job hunting has always been a headache for college students.Though many graduates are employed right after graduation, some are not.Most serious of all, some still have no idea where to go working even a long time after graduation.The reasons for this phenomenon are various.On the one hand, a few years ago colleges and universities enrolled so many students in popular majors, such as economy, finance and so on that the number of graduates was greater than the need in the market.On the other hand, most graduates would rather stay in large cities without suitable job to do than go to the country.I reckon this problem can be solved if both colleges and students take measures.First, they should research the market and develop special skills to suit its need.Second, students’ attitude towards employment should be changed.They should go to small cities and country.There they can also give full play to their professional knowledge.In a word, if we pay much attention, the situation can be improved.7、考試

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Views on Examinations.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：

1、大學(xué)都用考試來衡量學(xué)生的成績(jī)，2、考生可能帶來的副作用，3、我對(duì)考試的看法。

范文：In most colleges and universities the examination is used as a chief means of deciding whether a student succeeds or fails in mastering a particular subject.Although it does the job quite efficiently, its side effects are also enormous.To begin with, examinations lower the standards of teaching.Since teachers are often judged by examination results, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques.No subjects can be taught successfully merely through being approached with intent to take examinations.In addition, the most undesirable effect is that examinations encourage bad study habits.As the examination score is the only criterion for his academic performance, a student is driven to memorize mechanically rather than to think creatively.In fact, few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the students’ academic development.If that is the case, why cannot we make a change and devise something more efficient and reliable than examinations?

8、讀后感

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Favorite Novel.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：

1、我最喜愛的小說，2、該小說的內(nèi)容，3、我為什么喜愛。

范文：My favorite novel is Around the World in Eighty Days which is written by Jules Verne.The author was born in France and devoted himself to literature and wrote several scientific romances, which gained him the name——Father of Modern Science Fiction.This is a book of science fiction which tells us an exciting story about an English gentleman, Mr.Phileas Fogg, who makes a bet with his clubmates and manages to travel around the world in eighty days.It gives us a vivid description of the many difficulties and incidents which happen on his journey.From this story, we can see the author’s deep love for the sea, travel and adventure, which played a vital role in his life.We are also astonished and convinced by his fertile imagination and scientific and geographical knowledge.9、難忘的人：

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The most unforgettable Person I ever Know.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：

1、我生活中最難忘的人是，2、為什么他(或她)令我難以忘懷，3、結(jié)論。

范文：In my life I have met a great many people who are really worth recalling.But perhaps the most unforgettable person I ever know is my English teacher.What frequently brings back memories of my school teacher is his special qualities.First and foremost, he gave us the greatest gift a teacher can offer—an awakening of a passion for learning.He not only led us to an appreciation of the beauty and perfection of English language and literature, but also aroused our great interest in exploring something deeper in this field.Furthermore, I was attracted by his lively wit.I remember that we students always anticipated his class with great eagerness because his lecture were humorously delivered, never failing to provoke chuckles or loud laughs.Although it is nearly two years since I attended his last class, he is the talk of our old classmates, and I know part of him has already stayed in my heart.10、論述文框架：

Owing to the speedy economic development, the number of people who…h(huán)as considerably increased/declined.It is universally acknowledged that … plays a crucial role in modern society.Due attention has to be paid to the issue of….With the reform and opening-up in recent decades，people in mounting numbers have come to realize the significance of ….If we let this situation continue as it is, we do not know where humans will be in the forthcoming future.Accordingly, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures.To begin with, we should appeal to the authorities to make strict laws to ….In addition, we should cultivate the awareness of people that … is essential to us.Only in this way can we reverse this disturbing trend illustrated above.常用句型

一、引出開頭

1：It is well-known to us that……（我們都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（就我所知…）

2：Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus.==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……問題引起了關(guān)注）

3：Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（現(xiàn)今，人口過剩已成為我們不得不面對(duì)的問題）

4：Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)已在我們的生活扮演著越來越重要的角色，它給我們帶來了許多好處但也產(chǎn)生了一些嚴(yán)重的問題）5：With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（隨著科技的迅速發(fā)展，越來越多的人認(rèn)為……）

6：It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……（人們一般認(rèn)為……）

7：A lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎認(rèn)為……）8:It is universally acknowledged that + 句子（全世界都知道...）

二、表達(dá)不同觀點(diǎn) 1：People's views on……vary from person to person.Some hold that……However, others believe that……（人們對(duì)……的觀點(diǎn)因人而異，有些人認(rèn)為……然而其他人卻認(rèn)為……）2：People may have different opinions on……（人們對(duì)……可能會(huì)持有不同見解）3：Attitudes towards（drugs）vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards（failure）（人們對(duì)待吸毒的態(tài)度因人而異）

4:There are different opinions among people as to……（對(duì)于……人們的觀點(diǎn)大不相同）

三、表示結(jié)尾

1：In short, it can be said that……（總之，他的意思是……）

2：From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that……（從上面提到的，我們可以得出結(jié)論……）3：Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……（把所有的這些因素加以考慮，我們自然可以得出結(jié)論……）

4：Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……（因此，我們最好的出這樣的結(jié)論……）

5:There is no doubt that(job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.（毫無疑問，跳槽有優(yōu)點(diǎn)也有缺點(diǎn)）

6：All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.（總之，我們沒有……無法生活，但同時(shí)我們必須尋求新的解決辦法來面對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)的新問題）

四、提出建議

1：It is high time that we put an end to the(trend).（該是我們停止這一趨勢(shì)的時(shí)候了）

2：There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……（毫無疑問，對(duì)……問題應(yīng)予以足夠重視）

3：Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is essential that……（顯然，如果我們想要做么事，很重要的是……）

4：Only in this way can we ……（只有這樣，我們才能……）5：Spare no effort to + V（不遺余力的）

五、預(yù)示后果

1：Obviously，if we don't control the problem, the chances are that……will lead us in danger.（很明顯，如果我們不能控制這一問題，很有可能我們會(huì)陷入危險(xiǎn)）

2：No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that ……（毫無疑問，除非我們采取有效措施，否則我們很可能會(huì)……）

3：It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation（很緊迫的是應(yīng)立即采取措施阻止這一事態(tài)的發(fā)展）

六、表示論證

1：From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.(在我看來，支持第一種觀點(diǎn)比第二種更有道理)2：I cannot entirely agree with the idea that……（我無法完全同意這一觀點(diǎn)）3：As far as I am concerned/In my opinion,……（就我來說……）

4：I sincerely believe that……==I am greatly convinced(that)子句.（我真誠(chéng)地相信……）

5：Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ……（最后，坦率地說，還有另外一個(gè)實(shí)際的原因……）

七、給出原因

1：The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子（...的原因是...）2:This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons.First,…….Second,…….Third，……。這一現(xiàn)象存在有很多原因的，第一……第二……第三……

3：For one thing,…… For another thing，…… ==On the one hand,……On the other hand……一方面……另一方面……

4：I quite agree with the statement that……The reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分贊同這一論述，即……。其主要原因如下。

八、列出解決辦法和批判錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)做法

1：The best way to solve the troubles is……解決這些麻煩的最好辦法是…… 2：As far as something is concerned,……就某事而言，…… 3;It is obvious that……很顯然……

4：It may be true that……but it doesn't mean that……可能……是對(duì)的，但這并不意味著……

5;It is natural to believe that……but we shouldn't ignore that……認(rèn)為……是自然的，但我們不應(yīng)忽視……

6：There is no evidence to suggest that……沒有證據(jù)表明……

九、表示好處和壞處

1：It has the following advantages.它有如下優(yōu)勢(shì)

2：It is beneficial/harmful to us.==It is of great benefit/harm to us.它對(duì)我們有益處

3:It has more disadvantages than advantage.他有很多不足之處

十、表示重要、方便、可能

1：It is important(necessary/difficult/convenient/possible)for sb to do sth.對(duì)于某人做……是……

2：It plays an important role in our life.十一、采取措施

1：We should take some effective measures.我們應(yīng)該采取有效措施

2：We should try our best to overcome/conquer the difficulties.我們應(yīng)該盡最大努力去克服困難

3：We should do our utmost in doing sth.我們應(yīng)該盡力去做……

4：We should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced with.我們應(yīng)該解決我們面臨的困難

十二、顯示變化

1：Some changes have taken place in the past five years.過去五年發(fā)生了很多變化 2：Great changes will certainly be produced in the international communications.在國(guó)際交流中理所當(dāng)然會(huì)發(fā)生很多大的變化

3：It has increased/decreased from…to…他已經(jīng)從…增加/減少到…

4：The output of July in this factory increased by 15%.這個(gè)工廠7月份產(chǎn)量以增加了15%

十三、表明事實(shí)現(xiàn)狀

1;We cannot ignore the fact that……我們不能忽略這個(gè)事實(shí)…… 2：No one can deny the fact that……沒人能否認(rèn)這個(gè)事實(shí)…… 3：This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.4:be closely related to ~~（與...息息相關(guān)）

十四、進(jìn)行比較

1：Compared with A,B……與A比較，B…… 2;I prefer to read rather than watch TV.十五、常用英語諺語

1：Actions speak louder than words.事實(shí)勝于雄辯 2：All is not gold that glitters.發(fā)光的未必都是金子 3：All roads lead to Rome.條條大路通羅馬

4：A good beginning is half done.良好的開端是成功的一半 5：Every advantage has its disadvantage有利必有弊 6：A miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，差之千里 7：Failure is the mother of success.失敗是成功之母 8:Industry is the parent of success.勤奮是成功之母 9:It is never too old to learn.活到老，學(xué)到老 10:Knowledge is power.知識(shí)就是力量

11:Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上無難事，只怕有心人 三、四六級(jí)考試流程

2012年英語四六級(jí)考試時(shí)間：6月16日

考試

時(shí)間

英語四級(jí)

星期六 06-16 09:00-11:20

英語六級(jí)

星期六 06-16 15:00-17:20

大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試流程

8：50---9：00試音時(shí)間

9：00---9：10播放考場(chǎng)指令，發(fā)放作文考卷

9：10取下耳機(jī)，開始作文考試

9：35發(fā)放含有快速閱讀的試題冊(cè)(但9：40才允許開始做)

9：40---9：55做快速閱讀

9：55---10：00收答題卡一(即作文和快速閱讀)

9：55---10：00重新戴上耳機(jī)，試音尋臺(tái)，準(zhǔn)備聽力考試

10：00開始聽力考試，之聲開始放音

聽力結(jié)束后完成剩余考項(xiàng)。

11：20全部考試結(jié)束。

大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試流程

14：50---15：00試音尋臺(tái)時(shí)間

15：00---15：10播放考場(chǎng)指令，發(fā)放作文考卷

15：10取下耳機(jī)，開始作文考試

15：35發(fā)放含有快速閱讀的試題冊(cè)(但15：40才允許開始做)

15：40---15：55做快速閱讀部分

15：55---16：00收答題卡一(即作文和快速閱讀)

15：55---16：00重新戴上耳機(jī)，試音尋臺(tái)，準(zhǔn)備聽力考試

16：00開始聽力考試，之聲開始放音

聽力結(jié)束后完成剩余考項(xiàng)。

17：20全部考試結(jié)束

（有些內(nèi)容是個(gè)人補(bǔ)充的，可能會(huì)有些小差錯(cuò)，僅供參考啊、、、）

第二篇：英語四六級(jí)?？家谆煜x詞

英語四六級(jí)?？家谆煜x詞# 1.ability n.能力,本領(lǐng),技巧~to do sth.capability n.才能,可能性,性能~to do/of doing sth.capacity n.容量,潛能,智能~to do/for doing sth.2.able adj.能干的,有能力的~to do sth.capable adj.能勝任的,有可能的~of doing sth.competent adj.能勝任的,(知識(shí)技術(shù))過硬的~to do/for sth.qualified adj.符合資格/條件的~for sth./in doing sth.3.absence n.缺席,不在,缺乏(證據(jù),理由)lack n.缺少,沒有(信心,經(jīng)驗(yàn))want n.需要,缺乏(知識(shí),關(guān)心)4.accept vt.接受(可拒絕)receive vt.(無法拒絕地)收到 5.accident n.意外事故,災(zāi)禍

incident n.事件,事變,(政治)事端 event n.大事,重大事件 occurrence n.偶然發(fā)生之事 6.accomplish vt.完成 achieve vt.獲得(成就)attain vt.達(dá)到(目標(biāo))

7.accordingly adv.(自然而平常的因果)于是,據(jù)此

consequently adv.(未必必然之)結(jié)果,因此(=as a result)

hence adv.(為強(qiáng)調(diào)前因之)因而,所以,這樣(thus)

therefore adv.(作為必然結(jié)果/結(jié)論)因此(because of this)

8.accurate adj.(話、計(jì)算等)準(zhǔn)確,精確的 exact adj.(數(shù)字、細(xì)節(jié))與事實(shí)/標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相符的,確切的

precise adj.精確嚴(yán)密的,嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)無誤的 9.accuse v.控告(~sb.of…)charge v.控告(~sb.with…)scold v.責(zé)備(~sb.for…)

sentence v.判處徒刑(~sb.for…)

10.acknowledge v.公開承認(rèn)(本來否認(rèn)之事)~a secret

admit v.不情愿、被迫承認(rèn)(真實(shí)性)~a statement

confess v.認(rèn)錯(cuò),招供~(to);~a crime

11.adapt vt.使(有能力)適應(yīng)(新環(huán)境、條件)

adjust vt.(調(diào)整以)適應(yīng),調(diào)節(jié)(機(jī)器、儀器)regulate vi.校正,調(diào)節(jié)(溫度、速度);控制 12.adequate adj.(相對(duì)于某一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的)足夠的,適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

enough adj.(相對(duì)于愿望、要求的)足夠的

sufficient adj.(相對(duì)于實(shí)際需要的)足夠的,充分的

13.adhere vi堅(jiān)持(原則等~to)insist vi堅(jiān)持(觀點(diǎn)等~on,~that)persist vi堅(jiān)持(行動(dòng)等~in)persevere vi.持之以恒

stick vi堅(jiān)持,粘著(原先的立場(chǎng)、主張、承諾等~to)

14.advise v.建議,忠告

counsel n.v.(審慎而正式)忠告,顧問 15.area n.(與面積相關(guān)的)地區(qū),區(qū)域 region n.(與某天然色、氣候相關(guān)的)地區(qū),大行政區(qū)

zone n.(與地理上、軍事、政治、商業(yè)等相關(guān)的)區(qū)

district n行政劃分的區(qū)(比region小),(市內(nèi)的)區(qū)

16.affect vt.(直接,有形的;不良的,情感的)影響

influence vt.(潛移默化地)影響 impact vt.沖擊,(巨大地)影響

17.aid v.(急需的、經(jīng)濟(jì)等方面的)援助 assist v.(輔助、次要的)協(xié)助,起助手作用 help v.(精神、物質(zhì)上)幫助(以達(dá)到某種目的)

18.aim n.(軍事,體育)目的,目標(biāo),明確的奮斗目標(biāo)

goal n.(長(zhǎng)期努力的)目標(biāo),終點(diǎn) objective n.(具體、直接、很快可達(dá)到的)目標(biāo),目的

purpose n.意圖,目的

19.allow v.(不加阻止、默許)準(zhǔn)許,許可~sb.to do,~for permit v.(正式而嚴(yán)肅的)允許,準(zhǔn)許~sb.to do,~doing sth.20.alter v.(局部、尺寸等)改變~a dress改制衣服

change v.(通用詞)變化,改變~a dress換衣服

convert v.(本質(zhì)、信仰等)轉(zhuǎn)變~sb./sth.into

shift vt.變換(檔,速,位置);(并非出于自愿的)改變,更換,轉(zhuǎn)移

transfer vt.搬遷,調(diào)動(dòng);改轉(zhuǎn)(車票等)vary vi.(一定范圍內(nèi))變動(dòng),變化

21.amaze v.(=surprise greatly)使愕然 astonish v.(對(duì)無法理解、解釋之事的)震驚

surprise v.使吃驚

22.answer v.回答(問題),接(電話),(對(duì)敲門等的)答應(yīng)

reply v.(正式、書面的)答復(fù)~that…,~to…

respond vi.(口頭或行動(dòng)上的)響應(yīng),反應(yīng)~to

23.apparatus n.(與某職業(yè)相關(guān)的)儀器、器械

appliance n.(常~s)電器

equipment n.(不可數(shù))設(shè)備,裝備 implement n.(大型)工具,(農(nóng))具,器具 instrument n.精密儀器,樂器

24.apparent adj.表面的,明顯的(←appear)

distinct adj.與眾不同的,清楚的(→distinctive)

evident adj.有證據(jù)表明的,顯然的(←evidence)

obvious adj.顯而易見的 25.appear vi.(事物)出現(xiàn) arise v.(問題等)出現(xiàn)

emerge vi.(從…冒出)~from…

26.appropriate adj.非常匹配的,合適的~for…

fit adj.(衣)合身的;恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e~to do sth./for sb.proper adj.適合(情理)的,適宜的 suitable adj.與某場(chǎng)合相適應(yīng)的,恰當(dāng)?shù)膥for…

27.argue v.(引經(jīng)據(jù)典的)辯論,爭(zhēng)論~for/against…

debate v.(公開、正式的)論證,辯論 dispute v.n.(激烈、頻繁的)爭(zhēng)論,爭(zhēng)執(zhí),爭(zhēng)議

discuss v.討論

28.arise vi.(問題等)出現(xiàn) raise vt.提起,抬高,升起 rise vi.升起,上漲 lift vt.提,舉,抬起

29.artificial adj.人造的,人工的(仿效自然物)

synthetic adj.合成的(通過化學(xué)成分組合)

false adj.虛假的,錯(cuò)的(←true),代替真的 unnatural adj.不自然的(←natural),做作的

unreal adj.不真實(shí)的,虛構(gòu)的(←real)30.attempt v.企圖,試用~to do sth.endeavor v.努力,盡力~to do sth.strive v.力爭(zhēng)~for…,~to do sth.31.attract vt.吸引,引起,使感興趣 draw vt.招引,吸住,故意引起注意 32.attract vt.吸引,引誘 charm vt.迷住,使陶醉 fascinate v.使神往,使忘情

33.average adj.(通過數(shù)字統(tǒng)計(jì)而確定的)一般的,普通的

normal adj.正常的,符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的(如體溫等)

ordinary adj.普通的,平凡的 regular adj.有規(guī)律的,經(jīng)常的

34.aware adj.~of知道,意識(shí)到→unaware不知道

conscious adj.~of對(duì)…有意識(shí)→unconscious失去知覺的

35.awful adj.(情感上認(rèn)為環(huán)境等的)可怕的

dreadful adj.(對(duì)鬼、死、惡夢(mèng)等)可怕的 fearful adj.害怕的,擔(dān)心的

第三篇：?？疾【漕愋?/a>

中考語文常見病句類型及修改

一、句子成分殘缺

缺少主語又分兩種情況。

1.主語被掩蓋，如： ⑴通過這次活動(dòng)，使我們開闊了眼界，增長(zhǎng)了見識(shí)。

這個(gè)句子由于在“這次活動(dòng)”前加上了“通過”一詞，和在“我們”前加上了“使”一詞，使得這個(gè)句子的主語被掩蓋起來，致使主語殘缺。修改的方法是，把“通過”一詞刪去，讓“這次活動(dòng)”作句子的主語?；蛘甙选笆埂眲h去，讓“我們”作句子的主語。

2.誤認(rèn)主語，造成主語殘缺，如： ⑵陣風(fēng)掠過稻田時(shí)，恰似滾滾的黃河水，上下起伏。

這個(gè)句子誤認(rèn)“陣風(fēng)”為主語，其實(shí)主語應(yīng)是“稻浪”。修改的方法是，在“恰是”前加上“稻浪”。

3.缺少賓語的中心語，如： ⑶他這個(gè)人有不少值得表揚(yáng)。

這個(gè)句子缺少賓語的中心語，應(yīng)在句末加上“的地方”。

二、句子成分不搭配

1.主語和謂語不搭配，如： ⑷這時(shí)，全場(chǎng)所有人的眼睛都集中到大會(huì)主席臺(tái)上。

這個(gè)句子的中心語“眼睛”和謂語“集中”不搭配，應(yīng)將“眼睛”改為“目光”。

2.動(dòng)詞和它的賓語不搭配，如：⑸同學(xué)們以敬佩的目光注視著和傾聽著這位英模的報(bào)告。

這個(gè)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞“注視”和它的賓語“報(bào)告”不搭配，修改的方法是，在“注視

后加上“這位英?！?，將“和”去掉，在“這位英模”后加逗號(hào)。

3.主語和賓語不搭配，如：⑹七月的內(nèi)蒙古草原，是一個(gè)美麗的季節(jié)。

這個(gè)句子的主語“內(nèi)蒙古草原”和賓語“季節(jié)”不搭配，可改為：內(nèi)蒙古草原的七月，是一個(gè)美麗的季節(jié)。

4.定語和它的中心語不搭配，如：⑺他邁著強(qiáng)壯有力的步伐正向我們走來。

這個(gè)句子的定語“強(qiáng)壯”與它的中心語“步伐”不搭配，可將“強(qiáng)壯”改為“強(qiáng)健”。

5.狀語和它的中心語不搭配，如：⑻這樸素的話語多么深刻地蘊(yùn)含著人生哲理??！

這個(gè)句子的狀語“多么深刻”與其中心語“蘊(yùn)含”不搭配，應(yīng)改為：這樸素的話語蘊(yùn)含著多么深刻的人生哲理??！

三、詞序不當(dāng)

詞序不當(dāng)容易產(chǎn)生歧義，如：⑼記者又到學(xué)校采訪到了許多張老師的事跡。

這個(gè)句子有兩種理解：一種是把“許多”看作是“事跡”的定語，表示有“許多事跡”;一種是把“許多”看作是“張老師”的定語，表示有“許多張老師”。要避免這種歧義，應(yīng)把“許多”調(diào)到“張老師”的后邊。詞序不當(dāng)?shù)牧硪粋€(gè)表現(xiàn)是，多個(gè)定語距中心語的遠(yuǎn)近關(guān)系處理不當(dāng)。如：⑽我們學(xué)校有優(yōu)秀的有三十年教齡的兩位老教師。

這個(gè)句子的賓語中心語“教師”有四個(gè)定語，按其距中心語的遠(yuǎn)近關(guān)系應(yīng)排列為：兩位---有三十年教齡的---優(yōu)秀的---老。因此，這句話可改為：我們學(xué)校有兩位有三十年教齡的優(yōu)秀的老教師。

四、種屬關(guān)系并列

具有種屬關(guān)系的概念不得并列，如：⑾他經(jīng)常去圖書館查閱工具書、辭典和《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》。

這個(gè)句子中的工具書和辭典、《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》是種屬關(guān)系，不的并列，應(yīng)改為：他經(jīng)常去圖書館查閱辭典和《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》等工具書。

五、交叉關(guān)系并列

具有交叉關(guān)系的概念也不得并列，如：⑿這所學(xué)校里大部分是中青年教師，老教師和女教師只占少數(shù)。

這個(gè)句子中的“中青年教師”和“老教師”中包含有“女教師”，女教師中也包含有“中青年教師”和“老教師”，“中青年教師”和“女教師”及“老教師”和“女教師”均是交叉關(guān)系，不得并列。因此應(yīng)將“女教師”刪去。

六、意義關(guān)系顛倒

在一個(gè)遞進(jìn)復(fù)句中，前項(xiàng)和后項(xiàng)是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，其意義關(guān)系不得顛倒，如：

⒀他不僅能寫長(zhǎng)篇大論的理論文章，而且能寫一般的應(yīng)用文。

這個(gè)復(fù)句中前項(xiàng)和后項(xiàng)關(guān)系出現(xiàn)顛倒，應(yīng)將“能寫一般的應(yīng)用文”作復(fù)句的前項(xiàng)，將“能寫長(zhǎng)篇大論的理論文章”作為后項(xiàng)。這個(gè)復(fù)句可改為：他不僅能寫一般的應(yīng)用文，而且能寫長(zhǎng)篇大論的理論文章。

七、同義反復(fù)

同義反復(fù)有時(shí)候產(chǎn)生積極的修辭效果，但更多的時(shí)候是產(chǎn)生消極的效果，如：

⒁聽說學(xué)校要成立文學(xué)社，他首先第一個(gè)報(bào)了名。

“首先”和“第一個(gè)”是同義詞，在這句話中出現(xiàn)顯得多余，應(yīng)將其中一個(gè)刪去。

八、關(guān)聯(lián)詞語不搭配

關(guān)聯(lián)詞語不搭配，會(huì)破壞分句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，如：⒂高速度的發(fā)展我國(guó)的科技事業(yè)和文教事業(yè)，既是十分必要的，而且是十分可能的。

“既……而且……”不搭配，可將“而且”改為“又”，與“既”構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，或?qū)ⅰ凹取备臑椤安粌H”，與“而且”構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。

九、濫用關(guān)聯(lián)詞語

復(fù)句中分句間的關(guān)系具有內(nèi)在邏輯性，不得人為地強(qiáng)加某種關(guān)系，如：⒃這本書出版好幾年了，所以作者最近作了較大的修改。

這個(gè)句子的語病是濫用關(guān)聯(lián)詞語“所以”，加強(qiáng)因果關(guān)系，應(yīng)將“所以”去掉。

十、關(guān)聯(lián)詞語位置不當(dāng)

復(fù)句中關(guān)聯(lián)詞語的位置一般具有確定性，不得隨意調(diào)動(dòng)，如：⒄不僅中草藥能與一般抗菌素媲美，而且副作用小，成本也較低。

“不僅”只有放在“中草藥”后才能與“而且”構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，因此，應(yīng)將“不僅”調(diào)到“中草藥”后。

十一、前后項(xiàng)不對(duì)應(yīng)

如果一個(gè)句子的前項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)了兩種情況，那么后項(xiàng)就應(yīng)該有另外兩種情況與之對(duì)應(yīng)，否則，就會(huì)造成前后項(xiàng)不對(duì)應(yīng)，如：⒅有沒有健康的身體，是能做好工作的前提。

這個(gè)句子的前項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)了兩種情況：有健康的身體和沒有健康的身體，而后項(xiàng)只有一種情況“能做好工作”，這種情況與前項(xiàng)中的“有健康的身體”對(duì)應(yīng)，而缺少和“沒有健康的身體”相對(duì)應(yīng)的另一種情況，因此，這個(gè)句子應(yīng)在“能”字后加一個(gè)“否”字，這樣前后項(xiàng)就對(duì)應(yīng)了。

十二、否定不當(dāng)

不適當(dāng)?shù)姆穸〞?huì)改變句子的原意，如：⒆為了避免今后不再發(fā)生類似事故，我們必須盡快健全安全制度。

這個(gè)句子的原意是要避免類似事故再次發(fā)生，加否定詞“不”后，就改變了整個(gè)句子的原意，因此，應(yīng)將否定詞“不”去掉。

十三、感情色彩錯(cuò)誤 褒義貶義誤用 如 處心積慮（貶義）用心良苦（褒義）

指出下面句子的語病，并進(jìn)行修改。

⑴李明的這篇作文，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，語言流暢，在全國(guó)作文比賽中把它評(píng)為一等獎(jiǎng)。

⑵對(duì)于大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)難的問題，引起了全社會(huì)的極大關(guān)注

⑶為了您的人身安全，請(qǐng)勿用左手啟動(dòng)家電，以防萬無一失。

⑷中國(guó)人民是贊同成立聯(lián)合國(guó)的首批國(guó)家之一。

第四篇：英語四六級(jí)聽力?？紙?chǎng)景詞匯及規(guī)律總結(jié)

英語四六級(jí)聽力?？紙?chǎng)景詞匯及規(guī)律總結(jié)

1、詞匯總結(jié)：

校園: department, school, law school, research paper, term paper, reading list, reading report, lecture, undergraduate, graduate, post graduate, freshman, sophomore, junior, senior, course, credit, tuition, scholarship, cafeteria 公司: interview, post, position, apply for, resume, working experience bank: deposit, draw, interest, check, bankbook, open an account, exchange, money exchange, rate of exchange, currency, deposit savings 郵局: letter, stamp, envelope, postage, ordinary mail, express mail, zip code, money order, package, parcel, registered letter, airmail, mail a letter 火車站: platform, waiting-room, inquiry office, baggage office, ticket office, one-way ticket, return ticket 機(jī)場(chǎng): plane, waiting lounge, information office, duty-free shop, boarding pass/ticket, first class, business class, economy class, air ticket, airfare, direct flight, non-stop flight, stopover, domestic flight, international flight, flight No.280, air hostess, No Smoking sign, seatbelt, take off, land, gate number, departure, arrival，coach, go through the customs 餐廳: menu, waiter, waitress, main dish, appetizer, dessert, the first course, ready to order, a table for four, underdone, well-done, half-done, over-done, tender, have the bill, reserve a table, beef, mutton, pork, steak, chicken, salad, cabbage, potato, tomato, knife, fork, spoon, tray, sea food, hamburger, drinks, apple pie 旅館: single room with bath, double room, suite, presidential suite, lobby, check in, check out, room number, receptionist, make a reservation 圖書館: borrow a book, return a book, overdue, renew, catalog, fine, librarian, back issue, current issue, reference book, magazine, journal, bookshelf 醫(yī)院: prescribe some medicines, run a fever, have a running nose, nose congestion, take the temperature, scratchy throat, sore throat, cough, pills, tablets, headache, stomach, dizzy, flu, catch a cold, worn out

2、場(chǎng)景規(guī)律總結(jié)：

1）學(xué)習(xí)方面

①選課：課程總是很難，男生說難；女生要么勸男生堅(jiān)持，要么建議他暫時(shí)放棄，以后再學(xué)。

②聽課：學(xué)生經(jīng)常上課遲到、缺課，教授總是守時(shí)；總有一些學(xué)生不適應(yīng)教授的講課，教授總會(huì)給學(xué)生留一些作業(yè)。

③作業(yè)：完成作業(yè)總是有一定的困難，很難按時(shí)完成，而教授一般不接受延期的作業(yè)。

④考試：學(xué)生通過考試則高興，相互祝賀；考試失敗，則情緒低落，相互安慰；為了準(zhǔn)備考試要么熬夜，要么逃課。

⑤買書、借書場(chǎng)景規(guī)律：圖書館中借書難，買書總是不好買，書總是不好讀；因?yàn)閷W(xué)生錢不多，寧愿去圖書館。

⑥談?wù)搶W(xué)習(xí)：學(xué)習(xí)總是難事；理論要聯(lián)系實(shí)際，文章要多讀，同學(xué)要配合；學(xué)習(xí)場(chǎng)所要安靜。

2）購(gòu)物、就餐

①購(gòu)物：學(xué)生比較窮，買東西需要打折，貴的買不起，花錢很節(jié)省。

②外出就餐：不想做飯，不想再食堂吃飯或者要招待客人去餐館吃飯，餐館的服務(wù)總是有缺點(diǎn)。

3）校園內(nèi)外活動(dòng)

①看戲看電影、聽音樂會(huì)：學(xué)生證應(yīng)隨身攜帶，可以買到打折票；票是不好買；這樣的活動(dòng)大家都喜歡去。

②旅游：乘坐交通工具；交通工具常晚點(diǎn)；大家結(jié)伴而行；總會(huì)有人遲到；

③接送人：送人往往很傷感；接人總是不順利：交通工具會(huì)晚點(diǎn)、行李不容易找到。4）工作

①談同事談工作：老板討厭遲到，員工總是遲到，工作又累又枯燥，上司不好對(duì)付。

②求職：要寫申請(qǐng)信；面試前了解解職位充滿自信；面試時(shí)著裝要整潔，提前到，仍緊張。

5）其他

①社交活動(dòng)：組織活動(dòng)邀請(qǐng)人時(shí)要告訴對(duì)方同時(shí)受邀請(qǐng)的人員；每逢過節(jié)親朋好友生日要送禮物或舉行晚會(huì)慶祝；外出旅行時(shí)給朋友打電話或寄賀卡。

②保持健康：有病要早治；男士要戒煙戒酒，女士男士都要減肥；要定期去體檢；去看醫(yī)生之前要打電話約定時(shí)間，醫(yī)生都很忙，一般有人不遵守醫(yī)囑不按時(shí)服藥。

③租房搬家具：學(xué)生要找便宜的房子，分擔(dān)房費(fèi)，與人合租；學(xué)生對(duì)家具的要求不高；為了安靜學(xué)生有時(shí)候還得搬家，雖然新找的房子的房租可能更貴。

第五篇：新英語新四六級(jí)漢譯英?？贾袊?guó)特色詞表

2015年新四六級(jí)漢譯英?？贾袊?guó)特色詞

小帥帥老師制作（更多資料：@Jason小帥帥_）中國(guó)歷史與文化 京劇 Peking opera 秦腔 Qin opera 功夫Kungfu 太極Tai Chi 口技 ventriloquism 木偶戲 puppet show 皮影戲 shadow play 折子戲 opera highlights 雜技 acrobatics 相聲witting dialogue 刺繡 embroidery 蘇繡Suzhou embroidery 泥人 clay figure 書法calligraphy 中國(guó)畫 traditional Chinese painting 水墨畫Chinese brush painting 中國(guó)結(jié)Chinese knot 中國(guó)古代四大文明 the four great inventions of ancient China 火藥gunpowder 印刷術(shù)printing 造紙術(shù)paper-making 指南針 the compass 青銅器bronze ware 瓷器 porcelain;china 唐三彩tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰藍(lán)cloisonne 秋千swing 武術(shù)martial arts 儒家思想 Confucianism 儒家文化 Confucian culture 道教 Taoism 墨家 Mohism 法家 legalism 佛教 Buddhism 孔子 Confucius 孟子 Mencius 老子 Lao Tzu

莊子 Chuang Tzu 墨子 Mo Tzu 孫子 Sun Tzu

象形文字 pictographic characters

文房四寶（筆墨紙硯）the Four Treasures of the Study(brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)

《大學(xué)》The great Learning

《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean 《論語》The analects of Confucius 《孟子》The Mencius

《孫子兵法》The Art of War 《三國(guó)演義》Three Kingdoms 《西游記》Journey to the West

《紅樓夢(mèng)》Dream of the Red Mansions 《水滸傳》Heroes of the Marshes

《山海經(jīng)》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers

《資治通鑒》History as a Mirror

《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals 《史記》Historical Records 《詩(shī)經(jīng)》The Book of Songs

《易經(jīng)》The I Ching: The Book of Changes 《禮記》The Book of Rites

《三字經(jīng)》Three-character Scriptures 八股文 eight-part essay

五言絕句 five-character quatrain 七言律詩(shī) seven-character octave 旗袍 cheongsam

中山裝 Chinese tunic suit

風(fēng)水 Fengshui;Geomantic omen 陰歷 Lunar calendar 陽歷 Solar calendar 閏年 leap year 十二生肖 zodiac

春節(jié) the Spring Festival 元宵節(jié) The Lantern Festival 清明節(jié) the Tomb-sweeping Day 端午節(jié) the Dragon-boat Festival 中秋節(jié) the Mid-autumn Day 重陽節(jié) the Double-ninth Day 七夕節(jié) the Double-seventh Day 春聯(lián) spring couplets 廟會(huì) temple fair 爆竹 firecracker 年畫(traditional)New Year pictures 壓歲錢 New Year gift-money 舞龍 dragon dance 元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings 花燈festival lantern 燈謎 lantern riddle 舞獅 lion dance 踩高蹺 stilt walking 賽龍舟 dragon boat race 胡同 hutong 山東菜 Shandong cuisine 月餅 moon cake 年糕 rice cake 油條 deep-fried dough sticks 豆?jié){ soybean milk 饅頭 steamed buns 花卷 steamed twisted rolls 包子 steamed stuffed buns 北京烤鴨 Beijing roast duck 拉面 hand-stretched noodles 餛飩 wonton(dumplings in soup)豆腐 tofu;bean curd 麻花 fried dough twist 燒餅 clay oven rolls 皮蛋 100-year egg;century egg 蛋炒飯 fried rice with egg 糖葫蘆 tomatoes on sticks 火鍋 hot pot 烽火臺(tái) beacon tower 秦始皇陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 兵馬俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses 大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda 絲綢之路 the Silk Road 敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Grottoes 華清池 Huaqing Hot Springs 五臺(tái)山 Wutai Mountain 九華山 Jiuhua Mountain 峨眉山 Mount Emei 泰山 Mount Tai

黃山 Mount Huangshan;the Yellow Mountain

故宮 the Imperial Palace 天壇 the Temple of Heaven 午門 Meridian Gate 大運(yùn)河 Grand Canal 護(hù)城河the Moat 回音壁 Echo Wall

居庸關(guān) Juyongguan Pass 九龍壁 the Nine Dragon Wall

黃帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi 十三陵 the Ming Tombs 蘇州園林 Suzhou gardens 西湖West Lake

九寨溝 Jiuzhaigou Valley 日月潭 Sun Moon Lake 布達(dá)拉宮 Potala Palace 鼓樓 drum tower

四合院 quadrangle;countyard complex 孔廟 Confucius Temple

樂山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha

十八羅漢 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha 喇嘛 Lama

轉(zhuǎn)世靈童 reincarnated soul boy 中藥 traditional Chinese medicine

《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》Emperor Huangdi's Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine

《神農(nóng)本草經(jīng)》Shennong's Herbal Classic 《本草綱目》Compendium of Materia Medica針灸 acupuncture 推拿 medical massage 切脈 feeling pulse

五禽戲 five-animal exercises 舊石器時(shí)代 the Paleolithic Age

新石器時(shí)代the Neolithic Age;New Stone Age

母系氏族社會(huì)matriarchal clan society 封建的feudal 朝代 dynasty 秦朝 Qin Dynasty

秦始皇帝 Emperor Qinshihuang;the First Emperor of Qin

皇太后 Empress Dowager 漢高祖劉邦 Liu Bang, Emperor Huangaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty 成吉思汗 Genghis Khan 春秋時(shí)期 the Spring and Autumn Period 文成公主 Tang Princess Wencheng 慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi 皇帝、君主 emperor;monarch 諸侯 vassal 皇妃 imperial concubine 丞相、宰相 prime minister 太監(jiān) court eunuch 少數(shù)民族e(cuò)thnic minority 祭祀 offer sacrifices 西域 the Western Regions 戰(zhàn)國(guó) the Warring States 中華文明 Chinese civilization 文明的搖籃 cradle of civilization 秦始皇統(tǒng)一中國(guó) unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang 鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) the Opium War 太平天國(guó) the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom 戊戌變法 the Reform Movement of 1898 辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution 新民主主義革命 New-democratic Revolution 五四運(yùn)動(dòng) the May 4th Movement of 1919 南昌起義 Nanchang Uprising 918事變 September 18th Incident 長(zhǎng)征 the Long March 西安事變 Xi'an Incident 南京大屠殺 Nanjing Massacre 抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) the War of Resistance Against Japan 滿族 Manchu 蒙古人 Mongol 士大夫 scholar-officials 學(xué)者 scholar 詩(shī)人 poet 政治家 statesman 社會(huì)地位social status

中國(guó)社會(huì) 多元文化論 cultural pluralism 文化適應(yīng) acculturation 社會(huì)保障 social security 班車 shuttle bus

相定遷戶 a relocated unit or household 大齡青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age

獨(dú)生子女 the only child in a family 單親 single parent

福利彩票 welfare lotteries

家政服務(wù) household management service 民工 migrant laborers 名人 celebrity

農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力 surplus rural labor/laborers 青春期 puberty

全民健身運(yùn)動(dòng) nationwide fitness campaign 全國(guó)人口普查 nationwide census 社會(huì)保險(xiǎn) social insurance

暫住證 temporary residence permit/card 青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency 性騷擾 sexual harassment 走私 smuggling

性另歧視 gender/sexual discrimination 年齡歧視 age discrimination 工作歧視 job discrimination 享樂主義hedonism 文盲 illiteracy

貧富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor

盜版 pirated/illegal copies

一國(guó)兩制 One Country, Two Systems 三個(gè)代表 the Three Represents Theory

兩會(huì)(人大、政協(xié))Two Conferences(NPC and CPPCC)

南南合作 South-South Cooperation 南北對(duì)話 North-South Dialog

人大常委會(huì) People’s Congress Standing Committee

法制觀念 awareness of law

法制國(guó)家 a country with an adequate legal system

改革開放 reform and opening-up 公務(wù)員 civil servants

官僚主義作風(fēng) the bureaucratic style of work 和諧并存 harmonious coexistence 計(jì)劃生育 family planning 計(jì)劃生育基本國(guó)策 the basic state policy of family planning 精神文明建設(shè) the construction of spiritual civilization 居委會(huì) neighborhood committee 科教興國(guó) national rejuvenation through science and education 可持續(xù)發(fā)展 sustainable development 廉潔高效 honesty and high efficiency 兩岸關(guān)系 cross-straits relations 兩岸談判 cross-straits negotiations 領(lǐng)土完整 territorial integrity 民族精神 national spirit 普選制 general election system 求同存異 seek common ground while shelving differences 人大代表NPC member 物質(zhì)文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization 小康社會(huì) a well-off society 小康水平a well-off standard 一個(gè)中國(guó)原則 the one-China principle 與時(shí)俱進(jìn) keep pace with the times 綜合國(guó)力 overall national strength 共同愿望common desire “走出去”(戰(zhàn)略)going global 不結(jié)盟 non-alignment 單邊主義 unilateralism 多邊政策 multilateralism 多極世界 multipolar world 人口老齡化 aging of population 人口出生率birth rate 社區(qū)服務(wù) community service 道德法庭 court of ethics 盜用公款embezzlement 成人夜校 night school for adults 在職進(jìn)修班 on-job training courses 政治思想教育 political and ideological education 畢業(yè)生分配 graduate placement;assignment of graduate 充電 update one’s knowledge 初等教育 elementary education 大學(xué)城 college town

大學(xué)社區(qū) college community 高等教育 higher education

高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education

高等學(xué)府 institution of higher education 綜合性大學(xué) comprehensive university 文科院校 colleges of(liberal)arts

理工科大學(xué) college / university of science and engineering

師范學(xué)院 teachers’ college;normal college 高分低能 high scores and low abilities

高考(university/college)entrance examination 高校擴(kuò)招 the college expansion plan 教育界 education circle 教育投入 input in education

九年義務(wù)教育 nine-year compulsory education

考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools

課外活動(dòng) extracurricular activities 必修課 required/compulsory course 選修課 elective/optional course 基礎(chǔ)課 basic courses

專業(yè)課 specialized courses 課程表 school schedule

教學(xué)大綱 teaching program;syllabus 學(xué)習(xí)年限 period of schooling 學(xué)歷 record of formal schooling 學(xué)分 credit

啟發(fā)式教學(xué) heuristic teaching 人才交流 talent exchange

人才戰(zhàn) competition for talented people 商務(wù)英語證書 Business English Certificate(BEC)

適齡兒重入學(xué)率 enrollment rate for children of school age

升學(xué)率 proportion of students entering

schools of a higher grade;enrollment rate 碩博連讀 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 素質(zhì)教育 quality-oriented education

填鴨式教學(xué) cramming method of teaching 希望工程Project Hope 走讀生 extern;non-resident student 住宿生boarder 研究生 graduate student;post-graduate(student)應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生 graduating student;current year’s graduate 校園數(shù)字化 campus digitalization 校園文化 campus culture 學(xué)漢語熱 enthusiasm in learning Chinese 學(xué)歷教育 education with record of formal schooling 學(xué)齡兒重school-ager 學(xué)前教育 preschool education 學(xué)生減負(fù) alleviate the burden on students 應(yīng)試教育 exam-oriented education 職業(yè)道德 work ethics;professional ethics 記者招待會(huì)press conference 國(guó)家教委 State Education Commission 國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局 State Statistical Bureau 職業(yè)培訓(xùn)job training 職業(yè)文盲 functional illiterate 智力引進(jìn) recruit/introduce(foreign)talents 智商 intelligence quotient(IQ)助學(xué)行動(dòng) activity to assist the impoverished students 網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界cyber world 網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化cyber culture 網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪cyber crime 網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物 online shopping 高產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì) high yield and high quality 高科技園 high-tech park 工業(yè)園區(qū) industrial park 火炬計(jì)劃 Torch Program(a plan to develop new and high technology)信息港info port 信息革命 information revolution 電子貨幣e-currency 人工智能 artificial intelligence(AI)生物技術(shù) bio-technology 克隆 cloning 基因工程 genetic engineering 轉(zhuǎn)基因食品 genetically modified food(GM food)試管嬰兒 test-tube baby 基因哭變 genetic mutation 網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版e-publishing

三維電影 three-dimensional movie 光谷 optical valley 虛擬銀行virtual bank 信息化 informationization

信息高速公路 information superhighway 新興學(xué)科 new branch of science;emerging discipline

納米 nanometer

個(gè)人數(shù)字助理 personal digital assistant(PDA)

生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè) environment-friendly agriculture 技術(shù)密集產(chǎn)品 technology-intensive product 數(shù)碼科技 digital technology 同步衛(wèi)星 geostationary satellite

神舟五號(hào)載人飛船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou V

風(fēng)云二號(hào)氣象衛(wèi)星 Fengyun II meteorological satellite 登月艙 lunar module

多任務(wù)小衛(wèi)星 small multi-mission satellite(SMMS)

多媒體短信服務(wù) Multimedia Messaging Service(MMS)

電子商務(wù) e-business;e-commerce 電子管理e-management

辦公自動(dòng)化 Office Automation(OA)信息高地 information highland 信息檢索 information retrieval 電話會(huì)議 teleconference 無土栽培 soilless cultivation 超級(jí)雜交水稻super-hybrid rice

科技發(fā)展 scientific and technological advancement

重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目key project

國(guó)家重點(diǎn)工程 national key projects

南水北調(diào) South-to-North water diversion 西電東送 West-East electricity transmission project

西氣東輸 West-East natural gas transmission project

網(wǎng)絡(luò)造謠 fabricating online rumors 惡意侵害他人名譽(yù) maliciously harming the reputation of others 停止服務(wù) closure/shutdown of service 公司歇業(yè) closure of business 道路封閉road closure 人為操作差錯(cuò) man-made operational mistakes 生態(tài)系統(tǒng) ecosystem 森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)forest ecosystem 海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)marine ecosystem 壟斷價(jià)格 to monopolize the price 壟斷市to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market 限購(gòu)私用汽車 to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use 汽車限購(gòu) vehicle purchase restrictions 汽車購(gòu)買配額 vehicle purchase quotas 車牌搖號(hào) a lottery for license plates 牌照單雙號(hào)限行 odd-even license plate system 黑名單制度 a blacklist system 執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師 practicing physician;licensed doctors 二代身份證 2nd-generation ID cards 防偽技術(shù) anti-forgery technology 非法交易 illegal transaction 冒名頂替 identification fraud 洗錢 money laundering 掛失 to report the loss 補(bǔ)辦 to re-apply/post-register 戶籍 household registration 居住證 residence permit 山洪暴發(fā)flash floods 水位 water level 低洼地區(qū) low-lying areas 淹沒農(nóng)田 to inundate crops 大橋蜂塌 bridge collapse 最嚴(yán)重受災(zāi)地區(qū) worst-hit/worst-stricken area 直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失direct economic loss 應(yīng)急系統(tǒng) emergency response system 闖紅燈 running red light 遮擋、污損號(hào)牌 blocking or defacing license plates 扣分處罰point penalty 酒駕 drunk driving

終身禁駕 lifetime ban from driving

中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)

總需求 aggregate demand 總供給 aggregate supply

企業(yè)文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture 企業(yè)形象 corporate image(Cl);enterprise image

跨國(guó)公司 cross-national corporation

創(chuàng)業(yè)精神 enterprising spirit;pioneering spirit 外資企業(yè) foreign-funded enterprise 獵頭公司head-hunter

假日經(jīng)濟(jì) holiday economy 人力資本human capital

航空和航天工業(yè)aerospace industry 飛機(jī)制造工業(yè)aircraft industry 電子工業(yè) electronic industry 汽車制造工業(yè) car industry 娛樂業(yè) entertainment industry 信息產(chǎn)業(yè) information industry

知識(shí)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè) knowledge-intensive industry

國(guó)有大中型企業(yè) large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 輕工業(yè) light industry 博彩業(yè) lottery industry

制造業(yè) manufacturing industry 壟斷行業(yè) monopoly industries 市場(chǎng)多元化 market diversification 市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì) market economy 市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管 market supervision 購(gòu)買力 purchasing power 熊市 bear market 牛市 bull market 城鎮(zhèn)化 urbanization 房地產(chǎn) real estate 首付 down-payment 業(yè)主 home owner

個(gè)人購(gòu)房貸款 individual housing loan 經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化 economic globalization 經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū) special economic zones(SEZ)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng) economic growth 泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì) bubble economy 關(guān)稅tariff 納稅人tax payer 宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)macro economy 貨幣投放量 the size of money supply 流動(dòng)性過剩excess liquidity 經(jīng)濟(jì)過熱 overheated economy 通貨膨脹inflation 抑制通貨膨脹curb inflation 注入流動(dòng)性 to inject liquidity 貼現(xiàn)率 discount rate 存款準(zhǔn)備金率 reserve requirement ratio(RRR)公開市場(chǎng)業(yè)務(wù) open market operation(OMO)逆回購(gòu) reverse repurchase agreement;reverse repo 引導(dǎo)降低市場(chǎng)借貸成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level 穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策prudent monetary policy 微調(diào)貨幣政策 to fine-tune monetary policy 硬著陸 hard landing 軟著陸 soft landing 二十國(guó)集團(tuán) Group of Twenty(G2O)財(cái)政部長(zhǎng) Finance Minister 全年預(yù)期經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)the expected growth target for the whole year 經(jīng)濟(jì)活力 economic vitality 大規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激計(jì)劃 a massive economic stimulus package 結(jié)構(gòu)改革 structural reform 硬資產(chǎn) hard assets 軟資產(chǎn) soft assets 有形資產(chǎn) tangible assets 經(jīng)濟(jì)走廊 economic corridor 整頓市場(chǎng)秩序 to rectify the market order 反壟斷 antitrust;anti-monopoly 定價(jià)浮動(dòng) price fluctuations 謀求利益最大化 to maximize profit 債務(wù)審計(jì)audit of debt 地方性政府債務(wù) local government debt/liability 公共財(cái)政體制改革 an overhaul of the public finance system 債務(wù)管理 debt management 信用支持 credit support