第一篇：初一英語語法總結(jié)及測試含答案

初一英語語法總結(jié)及測試

初一英語語法雖然是從簡單的一些日常用語出發(fā)的，但語法中常會有一些知識點看起來很細(xì)小，容易被忽視，但這些知識點掌握不熟練，往往會造成一些語法應(yīng)用上的錯誤。因此在學(xué)習(xí)初一英語語法時，要認(rèn)真、細(xì)心，不要覺得一些地方不重要而得過且過。下面從幾個方面，總結(jié)出了初一英語語法，參考如下：

一、初一英語語法——詞法

1、名詞 A）、名詞的數(shù)

我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下：

一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三）1）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories 2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四）以o結(jié)尾加s（外來詞）。如：radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯

五）以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves 六）單復(fù)數(shù)相同（不變的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese 七）一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 八）單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同學(xué), family家，家庭成員

九）合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個單詞。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)則同時為復(fù)數(shù)。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers 十）有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙，卷子，論文, work工作 works作品，工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數(shù), chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞 十一）單個字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或’s。如：Is(I’s), Ks(K’s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs 十二）特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen

B）名詞的格

當(dāng)我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下： 一）單數(shù)在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s 二）復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers’ Day教師節(jié), classmates’;Children’s Day六一節(jié), Women’s Day三八節(jié)

三）由and并列的名詞所有時，如果是共同所有同一人或物時，只加最后一個’s，但分別擁有時卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：Mike and Ben’s room邁克和本的房間（共住一間），Mike’s and Ben’s rooms2

邁克和本的房間（各自的房間）

2、代詞

項目 人稱代詞 物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞 人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性 反身代詞 第一人稱 單數(shù) I me my mine myself 復(fù)數(shù) we us our ours ourselves 第二人稱 單數(shù) you you your yours yourself 復(fù)數(shù) you you your yours yourselves 第三人稱 單數(shù) she her her hers herself he him his his himself it it its its this that itself 復(fù)數(shù) they them their theirs these those themselves

3、動詞

A）第三人稱單數(shù)

當(dāng)動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)變動詞那樣加s，如下： 一）一般在詞后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二）在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes 三）1）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries 2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys 四）以o結(jié)尾加es。如：does, goes 五）特殊的有：are-is, have-has B）現(xiàn)在分詞

當(dāng)我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構(gòu)成如下：

一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing 二）以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having 三）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個元音字母＋一個輔音字母（注意除開字母組合如show –showing, draw-drawing）要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning 四）以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于

4、形容詞的級

我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進(jìn)行對比時，則要使用比較或最高級形式。構(gòu)成如下：

一）一般在詞后加er或est(如果是以e結(jié)尾則直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer-nicest, larger-largest 二）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且1個元音字母＋1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewer fewest)結(jié)尾的雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest

三）以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的變y為i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest 四）特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠(yuǎn))

good/wellmore most bad/ill – worse worst little-less least old-older/elder oldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest

5、數(shù)詞(基變序，有規(guī)則；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y結(jié)尾，變?yōu)閕, eth跟上去。)first, second, third;fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth;seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth;twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth

二、初一英語語法——句式 1.陳述句

肯定陳述句 a)This is a book.(be動詞)b)He looks very young.(連系動詞)c)I want a sweat like this.(實義動詞)d)I can bring some things to school.(情態(tài)動詞)e)There’s a computer on my desk.(There be結(jié)構(gòu))否定陳述句 a)These aren’t their books.b)They don’t look nice.c)Kate doesn’t go to No.4 Middle School.d)Kate can’t find her doll.e)There isn’t a cat here.(=There’s no cat here.)

2.祈使句

肯定祈使句 a)Please go and ask the man.b)Let’s learn English!c)Come in, please.否定祈使句a)Don’t be late.b)Don’t hurry.3.疑問句

1)一般疑問句 a)Is Jim a student? b)Can I help you? c)Does she like salad? d)Do they watch TV? e)Is she reading? 肯定回答: a)Yes, he is.b)Yes, you can.c)Yes, she does.d)Yes, they do.e)Yes, she is.否定回答: a)No, he isn’t.b)No, you can’t.c)No, she doesn’t.d)No, they don’t.e)No, she isn’t.2)選擇疑問句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It’s big./ It’s small.3)特殊疑問句 問年齡 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.2 問種類 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.3問身體狀況 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.4問方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com.5問原因 Why do you want to join the club? 6 問時間 What’s the time?(=What time is it?)It’s a quarter to ten a.m..What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.7問地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.8 問顏色 What color are they? They are light blue.4

What’s your favourite color? It’s black.9 問人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.Who is the boy in blue? My brother.Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to? 10 問東西 What’s this/that(in English)? It’s a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.問姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.12 問哪一個 Which do you like? I like one in the box.13 問字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.14 問價格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.15 問電話號碼 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.16 問謂語(動作)What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.17 問職業(yè)(身份)What do you do? I’m a teacher.What’s your father? He’s a doctor.三、初一英語語法——時態(tài)

1、一般現(xiàn)在時 表示普遍、經(jīng)常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現(xiàn)在時，它有： Be 動詞：She’s a worker.Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.情態(tài)動詞：I can play the piano.Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.行為動詞：They want to eat some tomatoes.Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch.Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 表示動詞在此時正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行就使用進(jìn)行時態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為sb be v-ing sth + 其它.I’m playing baseball.Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.Nancy is writing a letter.Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.They’re listening to the pop music.Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.初一英語測試卷

卷Ⅱ 筆試部分（80分）

Ⅰ.詞語運用。（共5小題，每小題1分，計5分）

根據(jù)下列句子的意思及所給的漢語提示，寫出空缺處單詞，固定短語或固定搭配的正確形式。1.There are lots of(葉子)near the lake.2.Penguins need a new(游泳)pool.3.She is(感興趣)in Beijing Opera.4.My pen pal(居住在)Australia.5.I(去睡覺)at eleven last night.Ⅱ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。（共5小題，每小題1分，計5分）6.He put down his book and(see)the boy.7.Do you enjoy(work)in the city? 8.Helping others can make us(feel)very happy.9.Don’t talk, the baby(sleep)now.10.Let’s(help)the girl with her lessons.Ⅲ.單項選擇。（共20小題，每小題1分，計20分）11.Who’s the young woman the sunglasses? A.in A.sing B.has C.wear D.with B.sings C.singing D.is singing 12.Listen!Can you hear her in her room? 13.— does your uncle do? —A reporter.A.Why B.What C.Where D.How 14.We want the pandas first.A.see B.sees

C.to see

D.seeing 15.Mall is a good place things.A.buy B.to buy A.many too A.plays

C.buys

D.bought

D.too much 16.The children have homework to do every day.B.too many B.played

C.much too 17.—What did you do yesterday? —We had great fun in the park.C.playing D.to play 18.He any classes last week.A.doesn’t have B.didn’t have C.isn’t have D.wasn’t have 19.I’d like to go shopping with you, I’m too busy today.A.but A.talk B.and

C.so

D.or 20.Ann asked us to stop and listen to her.B.talks C.to talk D.talking

C.to play D.to play with 21.The teachers often tell their students their pen in class.A.not to play B.not to play with 22.We have for you as a reporter.A.a work B.works C.jobs D.a job 23.the windows before you leave the classroom.A.To close A.from;to A.tomatoes B.Closing B.between;and B.noodles

C.Closed C.in;and

D.Close D.next;to 24.I sit Maria Jim.25.My mother had a little this morning.C.rice D.potato 26.—What does your maths teacher ? —He is of medium build.A.look for A.went to B.look after C.look at D.look like B.to go to C.to go

D.go to 27.The Smiths decided Paris on vacation.28.He plays basketball every day.And now he is playing piano at home.6

A.the;the B./;/ C.the;/ D./;the 29.How much did you spend this new book? A.on B.in A.but B.with

C.at

D.of 30.Old Henry doesn’t have a son a daughter.C.and D.or Ⅳ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換（共5小題，每小題1分，計5分）

31.Tom, sit on the chair, please.(用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)改寫句子)Tom on the chair.32.Does the boy come from England?(寫出同義詞)the boy England? 33.We would like tomato and egg noodles.(就畫線部分提問)noodles you like? 34.I did some reading last weekend.(改為一般疑問句)you some reading last weekend? 35.I was late for school yesterday.(寫出同義句)I for school yesterday.Ⅴ.完形填空（共10小題，每小題1分，計10分）

Are you good at English? Would you 36 to do well in English? Well, let me 37 you a way to learn English 38 by writing diaries(日記)in English.When I 39 in Grade One, my English was not very good.My English teacher Mr Xu asked me to write diaries in English.At first, it was 40 difficult for me, but now I think it is very 41.I like reading, listening and speaking.42 I often go to the Xinhua Book Store to 43 English stories for about three hours.I 44 watch TV often.Now I’m very good at English.I think 45 diaries is one of the best ways to help with your English study.36.A.like B.want 37.A.talk B.tell

C.to like

D.to want

C.to talk D.to tell 38.A.nice B.fine C well D.good 39.A.was B.am C.are D.were 40.A.a few B.a little

C.few D.little 41.A.difficult B.interesting C.easy D.boring 42.A.Always B.After school C.Sometimes D.Usually 43.A.say B.speak

C.talk D.read C.didn’t

D.wasn’t 44.A.don’t B.am not

Ⅵ.閱讀理解（共10小題，每小題2分，共20分）A Dessert house We have three kinds of desserts: small, medium and large.A small dessert with strawberries, 45.A.saying B.writing C.listening D.talking

A large dessert with pears, potatoes and ice cream is 15 RMB.Welcome to our house.Noodle House bananas and ice cream is 10 RMB.A medium dessert with apples, tomatoes and cheese is 12 RMB.We have some great specials.Special 1 is chicken and cabbage noodles, and the large bowl is just 4 RMB and the small 2 RMB.Special 2 is mutton and carrot noodles, and the large bowl is only 5 RMB and the small 2.5 RMB.Special 3 is beef and potato noodles.The large bowl is 4 RMB and the small 2 RMB.Special 4 is tomato and egg noodles.The large bowl is only 3 RMB and the small 1.5 RMB.Large drink is only 5 RMB.And all the fruits are free.Come and get your noodles today!46.How many kinds of desserts does Dessert House have? A.three B.two C.one D.four 47.If you have 30 RMB and you can buy kind(s)of desserts.A.three B.two C.one D.four 48.Today we order a large dessert, two small bowls of mutton and carrot noodles and a large bowl of tomato and egg noodles.We need to pay RMB.A.26 B.20 C.23 D.24 49.Nancy likes dessert very much but she doesn’t eat tomatoes or potatoes.She can eat.A.a large dessert

B.a medium dessert C.a small dessert D.both A and C 50.Mary wants large bowl and Emma wants a small bowl.They only have 6 RMB and Emma doesn’t eat eggs or beef.They can eat a large bowl of noodles and a small bowl of noodles.A.mutton and carrot, tomato and egg B.chicken and cabbage, mutton and carrot C.tomato and egg, beef and potato B American schools begin in September after a long summer holiday.There are two terms in a school year;the first term is from September to January, and the second is from February to June.Most American children begin to go to school when they are five years old.Most children are seventeen or eighteen years old when they finish high school.High school students take only five or six subjects each term.They usually go to the same class every day, and they have homework for every class.After class, they do a lot of interesting things.After high school, many students go to colleges.They usually have to pay a lot of money.So many college students work after class to get money for their studies.51.In America, summer holidays begin in.A.September

B.July

C.May D.February 52.When a boy is six years old, he.A.has to stay at home B.can go to high school C.is old enough to go to school D.always plays at home

D.beef and potato, chicken and cabbage 8

53.In American high school students after class.A.do the homework B.go to work C.play basketball D.do many interesting things 54.In order to(為了), many American college students work after class.A.help their parents B.get money for their studies C.help others 55.Which is right?.A.American students usually have a two-month holiday.B.American students have three terms in a year.C.A ten-year-old child usually has six subjects at school.D.American students don’t like to go to school.D.learn some useful things Ⅶ.基礎(chǔ)寫作。（包括A、B兩部分，A部分5分，B部分10分）

A.連詞成句（共5小題，每小題1分，計5分）56.his, looking, dinner, is, he, for(.)

57.last, do, her, she, didn’t, homework, night(.)

58.new, learn, Sam, of, has, a, things, to, lot()

59.you, the, me, can, way, show(?)

60.an, this, story, interesting, is(.)

B.書面表達(dá)。（10分）

父母對你管教的嚴(yán)嗎？在家里，他們是否給你定了許多規(guī)矩，請用60詞左右的短文來描述你家里的規(guī)定，以及你的想法，文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的人名。

提示：1.Do you have any rules in your home? 2.What are they? 3.What do you think of them?

筆試部分

Ⅰ.1.leaves 2.swimming 3.interested 4.lives in

Ⅱ.6.saw

Ⅲ.11~15 DCBCB 16~20 DCBAD 21~25 BDDBC 26~30 DBDAD

Ⅳ.31.is sitting 32.Is, from 33.What kind of , would 34.Did, do 35.arrived late

Ⅴ.36~40 ABCAB 41~45 CBDAB 7.working

8.feel

9.is sleeping 10.help

5.went to bed

Ⅵ.46~50 ABCCD 51~55 BCDBA Ⅶ.A.56.He is looking for his dinner.night.58.Sam has a lot of new things to learn.60.This is an interesting story.B.59.Can you show me the way?

57.She didn’t do her homework last I have too many rules in my family.I can’t watch TV on school nights.After school, I can’t hang out with my friends and I must stay at home to do my homework.On weekends I have to clean my room and wash my clothes.I have to help my mother with housework.I never have any fun.I can’t stand them.I want to do things that I like.

第二篇：初一英語語法總結(jié)

初一英語語法總結(jié)

在學(xué)習(xí)初一英語語法時，要認(rèn)真、細(xì)心，不要覺得一些地方不重要而得過且過。下面從幾個方面，總結(jié)出了初一英語語法，如果要復(fù)習(xí)英語句法的同學(xué)，可以參考一下：

一、初一英語語法——詞法

1、名詞

A）、名詞的數(shù)

我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下：

一）在后面加s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas

二）x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes

三）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories

以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways

四）以o結(jié)尾加s（外來詞）。如：radios,photos,但如是輔音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西紅柿,potatoes馬鈴薯

五）以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves

六）單復(fù)數(shù)相同（不變的）有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子,Chinese,Japanese 七）一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：

people,bpants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks

八）單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察,class班，同學(xué),family家，家庭成員

九）合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個單詞。如：action movie-action movies,penpal-penpals;但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)則同時為復(fù)數(shù)。如： man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers

十）有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚fishes魚的種類,paper紙papers報紙，卷子，論文,work工作works作品，工廠,glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光線lights燈,people人peoples民族,time時間times時代,次數(shù),chicken雞肉chickens小雞

十一）單個字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或’s。如：Is(I’s),Ks(K’s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs,VCDs,SARs 十二）特殊形式的有：

child-children, man-men , woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen

B）名詞的格

當(dāng)我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下：

一）單數(shù)在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s 二）復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是之s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers’ Day教師節(jié),classmates’;Children’s Day六一節(jié),Women’s Day三八節(jié)

三）由and并列的名詞所有時，如果是共同所有同一人或物時，只加最后一個’s，但分別擁有時卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：Mike and Ben’s room邁克和本的房間（共住一間），Mike’s and Ben’s rooms邁克和本的房間（各自的房間）

2、代詞

項目：人稱代詞物主代詞指示代詞反身代詞

人稱主格賓格形容詞名詞性

第一人稱

單數(shù)I、me、my、mine、myself

復(fù)數(shù)we、us、our、ours、ourselves

第二人稱

單數(shù)you、you、your、yours、yourself

復(fù)數(shù)you、you、your、yours、yourselves

第三人稱

單數(shù)she、her、her、hers、herself、he、him、his、his、himself、it、、it、its、this、that、itself

復(fù)數(shù)they、them、their、theirs、these、those、themselves

3、動詞

A）第三人稱單數(shù)

當(dāng)動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)變動詞那樣加s，如下：

一）一般在詞后加s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains

二）在x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes

三）1）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries

2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys

四）以o結(jié)尾加es。如：does,goes

五）特殊的有：are-is,have-has

B）現(xiàn)在分詞

當(dāng)我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構(gòu)成如下：

一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing

二）以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having

三）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個元音字母＋一個輔音字母（注意除開字母組合如show–showing,draw-drawing）要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning

四）以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于

初一英語語法總結(jié)--句式

1.陳述句

肯定陳述句

a)This is a book.(be動詞)

b)He looks very young.(連系動詞)

c)Iwant a sweater like this.(實義動詞)

d)I can bring somethings to school.(情態(tài)動詞)

e)There’s a computer on my desk.(There be結(jié)構(gòu))

否定陳述句

a)These aren’t their books.b)They don’t look nice.c)Kate doesn’t go to No.4 Middle School.d)Kate can’t find her doll.e)There isn’t a cat here.(=There’s no cat here.)

2.祈使句

肯定祈使句

a)Please go and ask the man.b)Let’s learn English!

c)Come in , please.否定祈使句

a)Don’t be late.b)Don’t hurry.3.疑問句

1)一般疑問句

a)Is Jim a student?

b)Can I help you?

c)Does she like salad? d)Do they watch TV? e)Is she reading?

肯定回答:

a)Yes,he is.b)Yes,you can.c)Yes,she does.d)Yes,they do.e)Yes,she is.否定回答:

a)No,he isn’t.b)No,you can’t.c)No,she doesn’t.d)No,they don’t.e)No,she isn’t.2)選擇疑問句

Is the table big or small?

回答It’s big./It’s small.3)特殊疑問句

①問年齡How old is Lucy?She is twelve.②問種類What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.③問身體狀況How is your uncle? He is well / fine.④問方式How do / can you spell it? L – double O-K.How do we contact you ? Mye-mail address is president@xueersi.com.⑤問原因Why do you want to join the club? ⑥問時間What’s the time?(=What time is it?)It’s a quarter to ten a.m..What time do you usually get up ,Rick? At five o’clock.When do you want to go ? Let’s go at 7:00.⑦問地方Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.⑧問顏色What color are they? They are light blue.What’s your favourite color? It’s black.⑨問人物Who’s that? It’s my sister.Who is the boy in blue? My brother.Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.WhoareLisaandTimtalkingto? ⑩問東西What’s this / that(in English)? It’s a pencilcase.What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli,strawberries and hamburgers.11問姓名What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.What’s your firs tname? My first name’s Ben.What’s your family name? Myfamily name’s Smith.12問哪一個Which do you like? I like one in the box.13問字母What letter is it ?It’s big D / small f.14問價格How much are these pants ?They’re 15 dollars.15問電話號碼What’s your phone number ? It’s 576-8349.16問謂語(動作)What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.17問職業(yè)(身份)What do you do?I’m a teacher.What’s your father?He’s a doctor.

第三篇：初一英語語法總結(jié)

初一英語語法總結(jié)

名詞

A）、名詞的數(shù)

我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下：

一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 1）baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, 三）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es 如：comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories

2）day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：四）以o結(jié)尾加s（外來詞）。如：radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯

五）以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves 六）單復(fù)數(shù)相同（不變的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese 七）一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 八）單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同學(xué), family家，家庭成員

action movie-action movies, pen 九）合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個單詞。如：pal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)則同時為復(fù)數(shù)。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers 十）有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙，卷子，論文, work工作 works作品，工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數(shù), chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞

十一）單個字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或’s。如：Is(I’s), Ks(K’s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs 十二）特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen

B）名詞的格

當(dāng)我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下： 一）單數(shù)在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s 二）復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers’ Day教師節(jié), classmates’;Children’s Day六一節(jié), Women’s Day三八節(jié)

三）由and并列的名詞所有時，如果是共同所有同一人或物時，只加最后一個’s，但分別擁

Mike and Ben’s room邁克和本的房間Mike’s 有時卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：（共住一間），and Ben’s rooms邁克和本的房間（各自的房間）

代詞

項目 人稱代詞 物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞

人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性 第一人稱 單數(shù) I me my mine myself 復(fù)數(shù) we us our ours ourselves 第二人稱 單數(shù) you you your yours yourself 復(fù)數(shù) you you your yours yourselves 第三人稱 單數(shù) she her her hers herself he him his his himself

it it its its this that itself 復(fù)數(shù) they them their theirs

these those themselves

動詞

A）第三人稱單數(shù)

當(dāng)動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)變動詞那樣加s，如下： 一）一般在詞后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二）在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes 三）1）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries 2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys 四）以o結(jié)尾加es。如：does, goes 五）特殊的有：are-is, have-has

B）現(xiàn)在分詞

當(dāng)我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構(gòu)成如下：

spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, 一）一般在后加ing。如：

hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing 二）以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having 三）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個元音字母＋一個輔音字母（注意除開字母組合如show –showing, draw-drawing）要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning 四）以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于

形容詞的級

我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進(jìn)行對比時，則要使用比較或最高級形式。構(gòu)成如下：

一般在詞后加er或est(如果是以e結(jié)尾則直接加r或st)。greater-greatest, shorter 一）如：–shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer-nicest, larger-largest 二）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且1個元音字母＋1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewer fewest)結(jié)尾的雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest 三）以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的變y為i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest 四）特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠(yuǎn))good/wellmore most bad/ill – worse worst little-less least old-older/elder oldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest

5、數(shù)詞(基變序，有規(guī)則；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y結(jié)尾，變?yōu)閕, eth跟上去。)first, second, third;fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth;seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth;twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth

二、句式

1.陳述句

肯定陳述句 a)This is a book.(be動詞)b)He looks very young.(連系動詞)c)I want a sweat like this.(實義動詞)d)I can bring some things to school.(情態(tài)動詞)3

e)There’s a computer on my desk.(There be結(jié)構(gòu))否定陳述句

a)These aren’t their books.b)They don’t look nice.c)Kate doesn’t go to No.4 Middle School.d)Kate can’t find her doll.e)There isn’t a cat here.(=There’s no cat here.)2.祈使句

肯定祈使句 a)Please go and ask the man.b)Let’s learn English!

c)Come in, please.否定祈使句a)Don’t be late.b)Don’t hurry.3.疑問句

1)一般疑問句 a)Is Jim a student? b)Can I help you? c)Does she like salad? d)Do they watch TV? e)Is she reading? 肯定回答: a)Yes, he is.b)Yes, you can.c)Yes, she does.d)Yes, they do.e)Yes, she is.否定回答: a)No, he isn’t.b)No, you can’t.c)No, she doesn’t.d)No, they don’t.e)No, she isn’t.2)選擇疑問句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It’s big./ It’s small.3)特殊疑問句

① 問年齡 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.② 問種類 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.③ 問身體狀況 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.④ 問方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com.⑤ 問原因 Why do you want to join the club? ⑥ 問時間 What’s the time?(=What time is it?)It’s a quarter to ten a.m..What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.⑦ 問地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.⑧ 問顏色 What color are they? They are light blue.What’s your favourite color? It’s black.⑨ 問人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.Who is the boy in blue? My brother.Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to? ⑩ 問東西 What’s this/that(in English)? It’s a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.11問姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.12 問哪一個 Which do you like? I like one in the box.13 問字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.14 問價格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.15 問電話號碼 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.16 問謂語(動作)What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.17 問職業(yè)(身份)What do you do? I’m a teacher.What’s your father? He’s a doctor.三、時態(tài)

1.一般現(xiàn)在時

定義：表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動作。構(gòu)成：肯定形式：主語+be動詞（am/is/are）+其他

否定形式：主語+be動詞（am/is/are）+not+其他

一般疑問句：把be動詞置于句首

2.一般過去時

定義：過去某個特定時間發(fā)生，也可以表示過去習(xí)慣性的動作。一般過去時不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，只說明過去。

構(gòu)成：肯定形式：主語+be動詞（was/were）+其他

否定形式：主語+be動詞（was/were）+not+其他

一般疑問句：把be動詞置于句首，并還原行為動詞

3.一般將來時

定義：表示將來某一時刻的動作或狀態(tài)，或?qū)砟骋欢螘r間內(nèi)經(jīng)常的動作或狀態(tài)。

構(gòu)成：肯定形式：主語+shall/will+動詞原形+其他

否定形式：主語+shall/will+not+動詞原形+其他

一般疑問句：把助動詞shall/will放在句首

4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時

定義：表示現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)前一般時間正在進(jìn)行的動作。可以表示有計劃的未來。構(gòu)成：肯定形式：主語+be動詞（am/is/are）+動詞的-ing形式+其他

否定形式：主語+be動詞（am/is/are）+not+動詞的-ing形式+其他

一般疑問句：把be動詞置于句首

5.過去進(jìn)行時

定義：示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。

構(gòu)成：肯定形式：主語+be動詞（was/were）+動詞的-ing形式+其他

否定形式：主語+be動詞（was/were）+not+動詞的-ing形式+其他

一般疑問句：把was/were置于句首

6.現(xiàn)在完成時

定義：表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，并對現(xiàn)在造成一定的影響和后果；另外，還表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且有可能繼續(xù)下去。構(gòu)成：肯定形式：主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞+其他

否定形式：主語+have/has+not+動詞的過去分詞+其他

一般疑問句：把have/has置于句首

7.過去完成時

定義：表示到過去某個時間已經(jīng)完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，概括地說是表示“過去的過去”。

構(gòu)成：肯定形式：主語+had+動詞的過去分詞+其他

否定形式：主語+had+not+動詞的過去分詞+其他

一般疑問句：把had置于句

The pretty girl sings songs on the stage every Sunday.（）(5)English drives me mad.6

1主語就是發(fā)起動作的人或物,由名詞，名詞性短語或代詞構(gòu)成 2謂語就是動作，動詞或動詞短語

3賓語就是承受動作的人或物，由名詞，名詞性短語或代詞構(gòu)成 4定語就是修飾句中名詞的成分，可以是形容詞做定語，也可以是定語從句 5狀語就是修飾謂語動詞的，例如說明動作是說明時候發(fā)生的，就是時間狀語；動作是怎樣發(fā)生的就是方式狀語，還有地點狀語等，由副詞構(gòu)成，以及9種狀語從句 6補語就是做補充說明成分的，補充說明主語的是主語補語，補充說明賓語的是賓語補語

介詞

表方位的有：at ,in, on, to（大多數(shù)情況是做不定式后街動詞原形，作介詞時，意思是到……地方去），for，above, over, on，below, under，in front of, in the front of，beside，behind 表示時間的有：in , on，at，in, after，from, since，after, behind 表示運動方向的across, through

表示“在……之間”的between兩者, among三者或三者以上 表示其他意義的on ,about 關(guān)于 by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具 except不包括, besides（包括）除了

介詞后面跟動詞時一定跟ing形式，介詞后面也可以加名詞或從句

第四篇：初一英語語法總結(jié)

初一英語語法雖然是從簡單的一些日常用語出發(fā)的，但語法中常會有一些知識點看起來很細(xì)小，容易被忽視，但這些知識點掌握不熟練，往往會造成一些語法應(yīng)用上的錯誤。因此在學(xué)習(xí)初一英語語法時，要認(rèn)真、細(xì)心，不要覺得一些地方不重要而得過且過。下面從幾個方面，總結(jié)出了初一英語語法，如果要復(fù)習(xí)英語句法的同學(xué)，可以參考一下，一、初一英語語法——詞法

1、名詞

A）、名詞的數(shù)（   ）

                                           



一）直接接s 如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二）x, sh, ch, s, 后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三）1）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies，documentary-documentaries, story-stories 2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四）以o結(jié)尾加s（外來詞）。如：radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯

五）以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves 六）單復(fù)數(shù)相同（不變的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese 七）一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 八）單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同學(xué), family家，家庭成員

九）合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個單詞。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)則同時為復(fù)數(shù)。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers 十）有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙，卷子，論文, work工作 works作品，工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數(shù), chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞

十一）單個字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或’s。如：Is(I’s)，Ks(K’s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs 十二）特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen B）名詞的格（      

）

當(dāng)我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成              如下：

一）單數(shù)在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s 二）復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers’ Day教師節(jié), classmates’;Children’s Day六一節(jié), Women’s Day婦女節(jié)

由and連接兩個詞，如果是共同所有同一人或物時，只加最后一個’s，但分別擁有時卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：Mike and Ben’s room邁克和本的房間（共住一間），Mike’s and Ben’s rooms邁克和本的房間（各自的房間）

2、代詞（  ）

人稱代詞      物主代詞       指示代詞



    反身代詞

第一人稱 單數(shù) I me my mine myself 復(fù)數(shù) we us our ours ourselves 第二人稱 單數(shù) you you your yours yourself 復(fù)數(shù) you you your yours yourselves 第三人稱 單數(shù) she her her hers herself he him his his himself it it its its this that itself 復(fù)數(shù) they them their theirs these those themselves

3、動詞（ ）A）第三人稱單數(shù)

當(dāng)動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)那樣加s，如下：一）一般在詞后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二）在x, sh, ch, s后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes 三）1）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries 2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys B）現(xiàn)在分詞      

當(dāng)我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，                  ing 構(gòu)成如下：

一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing 二）以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having 三）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個元音字母＋一個輔音字母（注意除開字母組合如show –showing, draw-drawing）要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning 四）以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于

二、初一英語語法——句式

1.陳述句( )肯定式（ ）

a)This is a book.(be動詞)b)He looks very young.(連系動詞)c)I want a sweat like this.(實義動詞)d)I can bring some things to school.(情態(tài)動詞)e)There’s a computer on my desk.(There be結(jié)構(gòu))否定式（ ）

b)a)These aren’t their books.b)They don’t look nice.c)Kate doesn’t go to No.4 Middle School.d)Kate can’t find her doll.e)There isn’t a cat here.(=There’s no cat here.)2.祈使句     肯定祈使句

a)Please go and ask the man.b)Let’s learn English!c)Come in, please.否定祈使句a)Don’t be late.b)Don’t hurry.3.疑問句

1)一般疑問句 a)Is Jim a student? b)Can I help you? c)Does she like salad? d)Do they watch TV? e)Is she reading? 肯定回答: a)Yes, he is.b)Yes, you can.c)Yes, she does.d)Yes，they do.e)Yes, she is.否定回答: a)No, he isn’t.b)No, you can’t.c)No, she doesn’t.d)No, they don’t.e)No, she isn’t.2)選擇疑問句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It’s big./ It’s small.3)特殊疑問句

① 問年齡 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.② 問種類 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.③ 問身體狀況 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.④ 問方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com.⑤ 問原因 Why do you want to join the club? ⑥ 問時間 What’s the time?(=What time is it?)It’s a quarter to ten a.m..What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.⑦ 問地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.⑧ 問顏色 What color are they? They are light blue.What’s your favourite color? It’s black.⑨ 問人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.Who is the boy in blue? My brother.Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to? ⑩ 問東西 What’s this/that(in English)? It’s a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.11問姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.12 問哪一個 Which do you like? I like one in the box.13 問字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.14 問價格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.15 問電話號碼 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.16 問謂語(動作)What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.17 問職業(yè)(身份)What do you do? I’m a teacher.What’s your father? He’s a doctor.三、初一英語語法——時態(tài)

1、一般現(xiàn)在時 表示普遍、經(jīng)常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現(xiàn)在時，它有：

Be 動詞：She’s a worker.Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.情態(tài)動詞：I can play the piano.Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.行為動詞：They want to eat some tomatoes.Do they want to eat any

tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch.Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 表示動詞在此時正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行就使用進(jìn)行時態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為sb be v-ing sth + 其它.I’m playing baseball.Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.Nancy is writing a letter.Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.They’re listening to the pop music.Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.4、形容詞的級

我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進(jìn)行對比時，則要使用比較或最高級形式。構(gòu)成如下：

一）一般在詞后加er或est(如果是以e結(jié)尾則直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer-nicest, larger-largest 二）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且1個元音字母＋1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewer fewest)結(jié)尾的雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest 三）以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的變y為i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier

friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest 四）特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠(yuǎn))good/wellmore most bad/ill – worse worst little-less least old-older/elder oldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest

5、數(shù)詞(基變序，有規(guī)則；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y結(jié)尾，變?yōu)閕, eth跟上去。)first, second, third;fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth;seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth;twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth

第五篇：初一英語語法及?？贾R點總結(jié)

主要掌握幾種時態(tài) 1，一般現(xiàn)在時 2，一般過去時 3，一般將來時 4，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 還有幾種詞 1，名詞 2，代詞 3，形容詞 4，動詞 5，冠詞 初一英語語法

一、詞法

1、名詞 A)、名詞的數(shù) 我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下： 一)在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三)1)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories 2)以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四)以o結(jié)尾加s(外來詞)。如：radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯

五)以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves 六)單復(fù)數(shù)相同(不變的)有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese 七)一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：people, pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 八)單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同學(xué), family家，家庭成員

九)合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個單詞。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)則同時為復(fù)數(shù)。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers 十)有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙，卷子，論文, work工作 works作品，工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數(shù), chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞

十一)單個字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或’s。如：Is(I’s), Ks(K’s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs 十二)特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen B)名詞的格

當(dāng)我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下：

一)單數(shù)在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s 二)復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers’ Day教師節(jié), classmates’;Children’s Day六一節(jié), Women’s Day三八節(jié)

三)由and并列的名詞所有時，如果是共同所有同一人或物時，只加最后一個’s，但分別擁有時卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：Mike and Ben’s room邁克和本的房間(共住一間)，Mike’s and Ben’s rooms邁克和本的房間(各自的房間)

2、代詞

項目 人稱代詞 物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞 人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性 第一人稱 單數(shù) I me my you mine myself

復(fù)數(shù) we us our ours ourselves

第二人稱 單數(shù) you you your yours yourself 復(fù)數(shù) you you your yours yourselves 第三人稱 單數(shù) she her her hers herself he him his his himself it it its its this that itself

復(fù)數(shù) they them their theirs these those themselves

3、動詞 A)第三人稱單數(shù)

當(dāng)動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)變動詞那樣加s，如下：

一)一般在詞后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains

二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes

三)1)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries

2)以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys

四)以o結(jié)尾加es。如：does, goes 五)特殊的有：are-is, have-has B)現(xiàn)在分詞

當(dāng)我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構(gòu)成如下：

一)一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing

二)以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having 三)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個元音字母+一個輔音字母(注意除開字母組合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning

四)以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于

4、形容詞的級

我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進(jìn)行對比時，則要使用比較或最高級形式。構(gòu)成如下：

一)一般在詞后加er或est(如果是以e結(jié)尾則直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer-nicest, larger-largest

二)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且1個元音字母+1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewer fewest)結(jié)尾的雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest

三)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的變y為i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest 四)特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠(yuǎn))

good/wellmore most bad/ill – worse worst little-less least old-older/elder oldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest

5、數(shù)詞(基變序，有規(guī)則;一、二、三，自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y結(jié)尾，變?yōu)閕, eth跟上去。)first, se cond, third;fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth;seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth;twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth

二、句式 1.陳述句

肯定陳述句 a)This is a book.(be動詞)b)He looks very young.(連系動詞)c)I want a sweat like this.(實義動詞)

d)I can bring some things to school.(情態(tài)動詞)e)There’s a computer on my desk.(There be結(jié)構(gòu))

否定陳述句 a)These aren’t their books.b)They don’t look nice.c)Kate doesn’t go to No.4 Middle School.d)Kate can’t find her doll.e)There isn’t a cat here.(=There’s no cat here.)2.祈使句

肯定祈使句 a)Please go and ask the man.b)Let’s learn English!

c)Come in, please.否定祈使句a)Don’t be late.b)Don’t hurry.3.疑問句

1)一般疑問句 a)Is Jim a student?

b)Can I help you? c)Does she like salad?

d)Do they watch TV? e)Is she reading?

肯定回答: a)Yes, he is.b)Yes, you can.c)Yes, she does.d)Yes, they do.e)Yes, she is.否定回答: a)No, he isn’t.b)No, you can’t.c)No, she doesn’t.d)No, they don’t.e)No, she isn’t.2)選擇疑問句 Is the table big or small?

回答 It’s big./ It’s small.3)特殊疑問句

① 問年齡 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.② 問種類 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.③ 問身體狀況 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.④ 問方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com.⑤ 問原因 Why do you want to join the club?

⑥ 問時間 What’s the time?(=What time is it?)It’s a quarter to ten a.m..What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.⑦ 問地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.⑧ 問顏色 What color are they? They are light blue.What’s your favourite color? It’s black.⑨ 問人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.Who is the boy in blue? My brother.Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?

⑩ 問東西 What’s this/that(in English)? It’s a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.11問姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.12 問哪一個 Which do you like? I like one in the box.13 問字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.問價格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.15 問電話號碼 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.16 問謂語(動作)What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.17 問職業(yè)(身份)What do you do? I’m a teacher.What’s your father? He’s a doctor.三、時態(tài)

1、一般現(xiàn)在時 表示普遍、經(jīng)常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現(xiàn)在時，它有：

Be 動詞：She’s a worker.Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.情態(tài)動詞：I can play the piano.Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.行為動詞：They want to eat some tomatoes.Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch.Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時

表示動詞在此時正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行就使用進(jìn)行時態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為sb be v-ing sth + 其它.I’m playing baseball.Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.Nancy is writing a letter.Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.They’re listening to the pop music.Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.