第一篇：大學(xué)英語四六級(jí)短文改錯(cuò)

Until the very latest moment of his existence, man has been bound to the planet on which he originated and

developed.Now he had the capability to leave that planet ___1___ and move out into the universe to those worlds which he has

known previously only directly.Men have explored parts of ___2___ the moon, put spaceships in orbit around another planet and

possibly within the decade will land into another planet and ___3___ explore it.Can we be too bold as to suggest that we may be ___4___ able to colonize other planet within the not—too—distant ___5___ future? Some have advocated such a procedure as a solution to the population problem.ship the excess people off to the

moon.But we must keep in head the billions of dollars we ___6___ might spend in carrying out the project.To maintain the earth’s population at its present level.we would have to blast off into space 7,500 people every hour of every day of the year.Why are we spending so little money on space ___7___ exploration? Consider the great need for improving many ___8___ aspects of the global environment, one is surely justified in

his concern for the money and resources that they are poured ___9___ into the space exploration efforts.But perhaps we should look at both sides of the coin before arriving hasty conclusions.___10___

答案：

1.had-> has

2.directly-> indirectly 3.into->onto / on 4.too-> so 5.planet-> planets 6.head-> mind 7.little-> much 8.Consider-> Considering 9.they-> / 10.arriving 后加at 或 arriving-> reaching

考點(diǎn)例析：

例1： If his aim is inaccurate and he scores a goal, enjoys S3.____ the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey.解析：這是由一個(gè)條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合句。但主句只有謂語動(dòng)詞enjoys，缺少主語，因此要步上主語。根據(jù)從句的his aim可推斷應(yīng)該加上主語he。

例2：Nuclear physicists who interested in the structure of 5._________ atoms cannot observe protons, electrons and neutrons

directly.解析：如果將who后面的部分作定語從句，那么它絕少謂語，故將who去掉，此時(shí)分詞短語interested in直接作定語修飾前面的physicists。或在who后加are，補(bǔ)全定語從句。

例3：This alliance guarantees that all leprosy patients, even they S6.______ are poor, have a right to the most modern treatment.解析：even是副詞，后面不能直接跟句子，根據(jù)句子的意思，應(yīng)該在even后加if或though。

鞏固與拓展

1.A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training

to become a performer a medical student needs to become __________ a doctor.2.This trip can be found in a booklet, Passport to the Pub:

The Tourists’ Guide to Pub Etiquette, a customers’ code of

conduct for those want to sample “a central part of British ________ life and culture.3.When a new robot is introduced to a small suburban

factory, a Shinto priest is invited to inaugurate._________

4.Since the law made easier to get a divorce, the number of __________ divorces has increased.5.Another changehas been caused by the fact people are _______ living longer nowadays, and many old people live alone

following the death of their partners

鞏固與拓展：

1.在performer后加as

此處為同級(jí)比較，固定結(jié)構(gòu)為as...as...，而原句比較的對(duì)象a medical student前缺少連詞as。

2.want-> wanting或those后加who

for為介詞，后面的賓語時(shí)代詞those，不可再跟主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。故將want改為wanting，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語修飾those，或者在want前加who構(gòu)成定語從句修飾those.3.inaugurate后加it

4.made后加it

句子主語是law，謂語是made，easier是賓語補(bǔ)足語，邏輯賓語是to get a divorce，可見此句缺少形式賓語it.5.fact后加that

fact之后的部分是同位語從句，補(bǔ)充說明fact，其引導(dǎo)詞不能省略。

綜合訓(xùn)練

1.small-> smaller

該句后面有than，所以前面應(yīng)該是smaller。

Many peolpe than ever are drinking coffee these days--but in small 1.____ quantities than they used to.Some manufacturers of coffee makers are

trying to make advantage of this trend by developing diminutive machines 2.___ that brew（煮）smaller amounts of coffee.Two U.S appliance companies---Black&Decker, basing in Twson, Maryland, and Toastmaster Inc.3.___

of Columbia, Missouri---has recently introduce ”drip" Coffee makers that 4.____ brew one or two cup servings of coffee.Neither of the products brew the 5._____ coffee directly into a cup or mug, eliminating the need for a separate

carafe.Since many people make a pot of coffee in the morning and drink 6.____ only a single cup, the new cofee makers should reduce the wasted coffee.Black&Decker’s Cup-at-a-Time spends $27, while Toastmaster’s Coffee 7.___ Break retails for $20.Black&Decker also makes a coffee maker drips coffee directly into a 8.____ carry-around thermal carafe.The carafe, a glass vacuum bottle, is supposed to keep the coffee fresh for hours.The product, called the Thermal Carafe coffee-maker, comes with a built-in lid that opens during the brewing

process, closes when it is completed.There are several models, including 9.____ one that firs under the counter, ranging from $60 to $110 at price.10

1.small-> smaller

該句后面有than，所以前面應(yīng)該是smaller。

2.make-> take

take advantage of 為固定搭配，意思為“利用”，與其同樣意思的詞組還有make use of。

3.basing-> based

base和它的邏輯主語是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。be based on sth 以什么為基礎(chǔ) base sth on sth …以…為基礎(chǔ)

what are you basing this theory on ?你這種理論的根據(jù)是什么？

4.has-> have

句子的主語是two US appliance companies, 謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。

做短文改錯(cuò)先找句子主干：判斷時(shí)態(tài)，單復(fù)數(shù)

5.Neither-> Both

根據(jù)文章的中心觀點(diǎn)，這里時(shí)說兩種產(chǎn)品都如何。故要用both 先通讀全文，了解文意

6.and-> but

本句的意思應(yīng)該是：大部分人都是早上煮一壺咖啡 但卻只喝一小杯。并列句前后應(yīng)該是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

7.spends-> costs

spend的主語必須是人，此處主語是物，應(yīng)該用cost表示 “該物花費(fèi)了多少”。

8.maker 后加that或which

一個(gè)句子在沒有連詞的情況下不能帶有兩個(gè)謂語，本句的謂語是makes，而drips和之后的部分應(yīng)該是定語從句修飾coffee maker，又由于先行詞在從句中作主語，所以引導(dǎo)詞不能省略。

9.closes前加and

在英語中，用逗號(hào)連接兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是不對(duì)的，所以要在closes前加and。

10.at-> in

表示“在...方面”，使用介詞in．

1.有比較級(jí)than一定注意形容詞為比較級(jí)

第二篇：大學(xué)英語四六級(jí)短文寫作

大學(xué)英語四六級(jí)短文寫作

（一）對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)型

Should Firecrackers Be Banned?

（1）

setting off firecrackersit festivals and holiday occasions more colorful and entertaining for both adults and children.firecrackers, festivals would become dull and cheerless.suffered both by the people who set them off and by innocent bystanders.firecrackers are a waste of money and resources.be done by banning firecrackers from public places.In addition, the setting off of firecrackers should be restricted to festival days.(2)

setting off firecrackers an ancient Chinese custom that should be preserved.They also argue that firecrackers make festivals and holiday occasions more colorful and entertaining for both adults and children.Without firecrackers, festivals would become cold and cheerless.banned.They point out that firecrackers are responsible for fires which destroy property, and for injuries suffered both by the people who set them off and by innocent bystanders.Besides, they maintain that firecrackers lead to a waste of money and resources.firecrackers

（二）解決問題型

3.My View on Fake Commodities quality and the like.’ rights, wasting their money and threatening their health and even lives.the production and sale of fake goods cause serious losses on the part of honest and lawful producers.the destruction of fake commodities means a grievous waste of the nation’s resources.the identifying and refusing sub-standard commodities.（三）諺語警句型

4.Haste Makes Waste “Haste makes waste”by step.Even simple operations can easily be spoiled if we rush to complete them, neglecting important stages in the process.One should make full preparations before beginning any task.Without a good command of pronunciation, we can never hope to speak in an understandable way.Similarly, if we do not learn to spell properly and to acquire a basic grasp of grammar, we will never succeed in writing good compositions.(或fable goes that a farm tried to help the shoots grow by pulling them upward, only to find that they ’s and 1960’s.At that time, the Chinese people were so eager to develop their economy that they took some improper measures, only to hinder the expansion of economy.)

(或the age of 11 or 12, I began to learn to ride.Eager to ride as well as others, I started by sitting on the saddle at the very beginning.Predictably, I often fell from over the bike.Lots of time had been wasted before I realized that I should do it step by step.I tried to slide by standing on one pedal.Then I began to ride the bike from under the cross bar.Finally, I succeeded.)and assess the problems ahead before moving to the next step.And remember, Rome was not built in a day.（四）圖表圖畫型

5.Changes in the Ownership of Houses in China

1950’s to 20% in 1990’s, that of private houses has from 30% to 80% during the same period of time.purchased houses in their own favor.（五）應(yīng)用寫作型

6.A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus

January 12th, 2002 the canteen on campus.To be frank, I am rather disappointed at the food quality, price and service in the canteen.First, the dishes are scarcely well cooked and most of them taste the same.Secondly, most of the dishes there are priced so high that some students cannot even afford them.Thirdly, the service in the canteen is far from satisfying and the inside of the canteen always seem untidy.To solve the problem, I suggest that another canteen be built and a mechanism of competition be introduced between the old and the new.Besides, both the canteens should be subject to the students' supervision.Dining is an everyday issue for students.It may affect their academic performance.Therefore,Li Ming

以上是經(jīng)典范文，下面是通句，完全可以背下來直接用，寫作時(shí)可以節(jié)省很多時(shí)間

1）先背3個(gè)句子Nowadays with the rapid development of advanced ……., more and more…..are commonly and widely used in everyday life.(講重要性)The popularity of digital …will have great influence on our work, study and everyday life.On the one hand …, But on the other hand.（講影響）

3To conclude, …..are just like a double-edged sword.With them we may have less trouble dealing with problems in life and enjoy a better-off life.However, one point should be kept in mind that we should take sensible use of them , always being the master of them.（結(jié)尾段）

Ps:靈活運(yùn)用第1句和第2句，根據(jù)不同模板自由組合。

2）模板（2個(gè)模板）開頭段：先講重要性，然后轉(zhuǎn)講不好的地方。

中間段：措施

結(jié)尾段：先來個(gè)小轉(zhuǎn)折再進(jìn)入總結(jié)

開頭段Nowadays with the rapid development of advanced ……., more and more…..are commonly and widely used in everyday life.However, what worries most of us is that…… 中間段 Firstly….Secondly…..Lastly but in no means least……

結(jié)尾段 To conclude, …..are just like a double-edged sword.With them we may have less trouble dealing with problems in life and enjoy a better-off life.However, one point should be kept in mind that we should take sensible use of them , always being the master of them.開頭段：先講重要性，然后轉(zhuǎn)講爭論

中間段：轉(zhuǎn)折(即列出兩種不同人的觀點(diǎn))

結(jié)尾段：直接進(jìn)入總結(jié)（即你的觀點(diǎn)）

開頭段：It is accepted that ….Plays a significant part for both …, and what’s more , a lot of attention is being drawn to the change of…..However, whether … deserves such an attention , people’s ideas vary.中間段：On the one hand, some people hold the view that …..On the other hand, a great many people insist that….結(jié)尾段：From my perspective, however….(你的觀點(diǎn)).Therefore, it’s time that(措施之類的)

6級(jí)作文萬能句子（補(bǔ)充在”…..”里面的萬能句子，自己琢磨每個(gè)句子放在哪里比較適合）重點(diǎn)背：1）5）6）7）句子，最好全部都被過一遍，自己琢磨怎么用。

1）Sth will make our life more enjoyable, that is to say, sth can add color to the dull routine of every day life.....能讓我們的生活更美好，也就是說，....可以給我們枯燥的生活帶來色彩

2）For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives

and the source of their happiness and contentment 對(duì)于很多人來說，學(xué)習(xí)一門新技術(shù)占據(jù)了他們的生活和充實(shí)了他們的生活。

3）......, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.......占據(jù)了某人大部分時(shí)間，使得某人沒空想東想西（充實(shí)了某人生活）

4）What's more, living in school can save them a great deal of time on the way between home and school everyday, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work.住校為學(xué)生省去了不少時(shí)間，這樣學(xué)生可以把更多的時(shí)間用在學(xué)習(xí)上

5）Little by little, our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened.一點(diǎn)一滴，這樣做可以豐富我們的知識(shí)和拓寬我們的視野

6）For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge.Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.對(duì)于想過一種有意義的人來說，抽空學(xué)習(xí)一門新技術(shù)很重要

7）The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.兼職可以讓學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)個(gè)人技巧，這樣可以在找工作時(shí)更有競爭力

8）By taking a major-related part-time job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, which they will never be able to get from the textbooks.學(xué)生不僅可以提高學(xué)習(xí)成績，還可以獲得在課本上學(xué)不到的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)

9）Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.10）1Sth can produce positive effects on …in more than one way.什么東西可帶來好影響 2Sth may bring about negative impacts on …什么東西可帶來不好的影響

11）sth is a queer thing.It brings you great gifts with one hand, but it stabs you at the backwith the other.(將兩方面的利弊轉(zhuǎn)折句，相當(dāng)喜歡這句啊！呵呵）

第三篇：英語四六級(jí)考試：如何做改錯(cuò)

改錯(cuò)

首先要說的是：CET6每次改錯(cuò)要你指出錯(cuò)誤的地方肯定有錯(cuò)，絕對(duì)不會(huì)沒錯(cuò)，而且肯定在這行，不會(huì)到前面或者下面去！

然后要說的是：從上次CET6改革來看，改錯(cuò)的判卷方法改變了。找出錯(cuò)誤0。5分，改對(duì)錯(cuò)誤0。5分

有錯(cuò)的一句話，最多10個(gè)英語單詞，大家首先按詞性來劃分一次

名詞錯(cuò)誤的可能

（1）名詞單復(fù)數(shù)

只有這1種可能，而且到現(xiàn)在的改錯(cuò)，我就記得就1次單復(fù)數(shù)沒考，其他場次必考！

形容詞錯(cuò)誤的可能

（1）意思顛倒，要改成反義詞

這個(gè)錯(cuò)錯(cuò)每次改錯(cuò)題目都有，所以看到錯(cuò)的句子有形容詞，先上下文看看，有沒有意思反了（2）詞性錯(cuò)誤

2個(gè)形容詞在一起，那肯定有一個(gè)是修飾另外一個(gè)的，所以要改成副詞

介詞錯(cuò)誤的可能性

（1）固定短語的搭配問題，不如key to,answer to, be faced with等

這個(gè)錯(cuò)錯(cuò)每次改錯(cuò)題目都有，所以看到錯(cuò)的句子有介詞，先看左右，有沒有搭配錯(cuò)誤

連詞錯(cuò)誤的可能性

（1）承上啟下的錯(cuò)誤

有時(shí)候，表示遞進(jìn)的，但題目中給出even if，所以要把if去掉；有時(shí)表原因的，但題目中是therefore，所以要改成because。這樣的錯(cuò)誤也時(shí)常出現(xiàn)，但不是每次出現(xiàn)（2）非限制性賓語從句只能由which引導(dǎo)，題目中很會(huì)用that來誤倒

代詞錯(cuò)誤的可能性

（1）代詞與先行詞不一致

前面說了是單數(shù)，后面用了them，所以要改成it。這類的錯(cuò)誤也經(jīng)常發(fā)生

動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤的可能性（大頭?。?/p>

（1）時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤

明明文章在說過去的事情，但用了個(gè)is，所以要改成was 這個(gè)錯(cuò)錯(cuò)每次改錯(cuò)題目都有，所以看到錯(cuò)的句子有動(dòng)詞，先看上下，有沒有時(shí)態(tài)問題（2）主謂不一致

they was doing ?? 這樣的錯(cuò)誤，找不出么，6級(jí)也別考了（3）非謂語動(dòng)詞提前形式的錯(cuò)誤

viewed??，they were doing?? 像這樣的情況，viewed就要改成viewing 如果后面是it,前面是ing形式，也要注意的（4）平行結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤

前面連著2句都是to做什么，to做什么and do什么，這時(shí)候就要在這個(gè)do前加to 如果是to doing，就要改成to do

以上這些錯(cuò)誤在考試中占6-7分左右，大家可以一定要抓住，后面的分?jǐn)?shù)就難拿了

另類錯(cuò)誤

（1）易混淆的詞

比如：His persistence was awarded when the car finally started 中間的awarded是錯(cuò)誤的，應(yīng)該改成rewarded（2）從上下文來看，應(yīng)該改動(dòng)的詞 一般發(fā)生在名詞的身上！比如前面說美國人吃飯的習(xí)慣，后面寫了chinese，那就要改成American（3）固定詞組用錯(cuò)一個(gè)，造成意思完全改變

比如：It also takes rise to a blurring of the dis tinction between science and technology 要把takes 改成 gives 這樣的難點(diǎn)錯(cuò)誤，解決方法是，能改則改，不能改確定哪個(gè)詞錯(cuò)，騙2個(gè)0。5分

總的評(píng)注：做改錯(cuò)題一定要具有一雙“慧眼”。重要的不是自己會(huì)運(yùn)用一個(gè)語法點(diǎn)或知識(shí)點(diǎn)，而是能夠識(shí)別出錯(cuò)誤的用法，以審查的眼光去面對(duì)每一個(gè)改錯(cuò)題。這就需要掌握必要的答題步驟和技巧。

答題步驟：

1.一般來說，做題時(shí)千萬不要拿起來就改。先花

一、兩分鐘從頭到尾通讀全文，對(duì)文章大 致內(nèi)容有所了解，做到心中有數(shù)。

2.然后把重點(diǎn)放在有錯(cuò)誤項(xiàng)的標(biāo)題號(hào)行，尋找較容易辯認(rèn)的語法錯(cuò)誤，如主謂不一致、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)使用錯(cuò)誤、非謂語動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤等等。

3.如果錯(cuò)行中不存在上述明顯錯(cuò)誤，則應(yīng)查看是否有詞語搭配錯(cuò)誤，易混詞錯(cuò)誤、詞性錯(cuò)誤等等細(xì)節(jié)錯(cuò)誤。

4.如果錯(cuò)行中既不存在語法錯(cuò)誤，也不存在詞匯錯(cuò)誤，則從整體上查看上下文意思是否連貫，連接詞是否使用正確，是否有邏輯混亂的現(xiàn)象，如否定句誤用成肯定句造成句意不通等。注意：有時(shí)沒有錯(cuò)項(xiàng)的行對(duì)改錯(cuò)很有幫助。

5.找到錯(cuò)誤項(xiàng)之后，按要求形式進(jìn)行改正、刪去或增添，并設(shè)法找到一個(gè)正確項(xiàng)使句子在 語法、語義和邏輯上都成立

3．改錯(cuò)題的具體解題方法

現(xiàn)在我們來討論改錯(cuò)題的具體解題方法。如前所述，改錯(cuò)題可以大致分為六個(gè)類型，所以我們的討論也針對(duì)這六個(gè)題型來進(jìn)行。A．時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤的發(fā)現(xiàn)與解決

我們來看2001年第79題：Immediately before him was

a?he put it into his collar，so that it falls across his shirt．此處的上下文明顯地表現(xiàn)出過去時(shí)態(tài)的特征，因?yàn)樵诒拘兄坝忻鞔_的過去式was，那么如果was無錯(cuò)誤，falls就必然是錯(cuò)的。然后根據(jù)題目可知was所在行無錯(cuò)誤，所以falls應(yīng)改為fell

由此我們可以看到，發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤的關(guān)鍵是確定文章背景時(shí)態(tài)。句子的時(shí)態(tài)一般情況下應(yīng)與文章的背景時(shí)態(tài)相一致，如不一致，則就會(huì)是錯(cuò)的，這就要求我們?cè)谕ㄗx文章時(shí)要留心。此外，就像這道題所反映的，有關(guān)的動(dòng)詞或者時(shí)間狀語也是有用的。在解決的問題上，要注意同類時(shí)態(tài)的選擇問題。譬如發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中的過去時(shí)態(tài)是錯(cuò)誤的，而應(yīng)當(dāng)選用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，則要注意是用一般時(shí)還是完成時(shí)。

需要注意的一點(diǎn)是，在利用時(shí)間狀語或是有關(guān)動(dòng)詞來 _進(jìn)行判斷時(shí)，應(yīng)該肯定該判斷的依據(jù)是正確的，否則會(huì)導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤。因此，背景時(shí)態(tài)是進(jìn)行判斷的最可靠的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

B．介詞錯(cuò)誤的發(fā)現(xiàn)與解決

首先來看介詞本身用法錯(cuò)誤的題型：A very flat piece of bread that looked，to him，very much as a napkin．在本題中，介詞as是錯(cuò)誤的，應(yīng)用like取而代之。就這種題而言，準(zhǔn)確掌握介詞本身的意義是最根本的。As一般當(dāng)做“作為”講，而like的意義則是“像”。如果能精確地掌握它們的區(qū)別，那就會(huì)對(duì)題目的錯(cuò)誤一目了然了。此外，有些介詞有其習(xí)慣的用法，如2001年6月第75題，at the country就應(yīng)改為in the country。對(duì)于這些習(xí)慣的用法，應(yīng)多練多總結(jié)以利掌握。

然后是介詞搭配。在所判斷的行中有介詞時(shí)。首先要考慮的就是該介詞是否可以與其他的名詞或動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成固定搭配。如1996年6月第75題，because of its large student body consisting in many people?該題中in無疑是錯(cuò)誤的，因?yàn)閏onsist of是一個(gè)固定的搭配。對(duì)于此類題，熟悉有關(guān)的搭配本身就是解題的方法。

C．主謂一致的錯(cuò)誤發(fā)現(xiàn)及解決

前面已經(jīng)說過，主謂一致主要是數(shù)的一致。我們特別 要注意的是一些既定的語法規(guī)則，考試往往是比較側(cè)重于考這些規(guī)則的。下面是有關(guān)規(guī)則的總結(jié)：

the majority作主語，謂動(dòng)用第三人稱單數(shù)。the majority+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，則用復(fù)數(shù)。the flock of+復(fù)數(shù)，謂動(dòng)用單數(shù)。

表示價(jià)值，重量，長度，時(shí)間等名詞，盡管是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂動(dòng)也用單數(shù)。a number of+復(fù)數(shù)，謂動(dòng)用復(fù)數(shù)；the number of+復(fù)數(shù)，則用單數(shù)。neither?nor?連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，以第二個(gè)名詞為準(zhǔn)。more than one+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂動(dòng)為單數(shù)。

kind，form，type+of+名詞，以kind，form，type的數(shù)為準(zhǔn)。

a series／species／portion+of+名詞，用單數(shù)。many a+單數(shù)，謂動(dòng)用單數(shù)。名詞+and+名詞表示一種概念時(shí)，用單數(shù)。

neither of+復(fù)數(shù)，謂動(dòng)用單數(shù)。從句做主語，謂動(dòng)用單數(shù)。an average(total)of+復(fù)數(shù)后用復(fù)數(shù)，the average(total)of+復(fù)數(shù)后用單數(shù)。a body of+復(fù)數(shù)，謂動(dòng)用單數(shù)。

這些規(guī)則只是其中?？嫉囊徊糠郑渌倪€有待于大家進(jìn)行總結(jié)。總之，熟練地掌握這些規(guī)則，應(yīng)付主謂一致類的考題就會(huì)很容易了。

D．動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤的發(fā)現(xiàn)與解決

我們首先來看2001年1月的第80題：But perhaps we should look at both sides of the coin before arriving hasty conclusions．本題中所考查的是短語動(dòng)詞。英語中有許多的短語動(dòng)詞，是很難從字面上判斷其意義的。其中與介詞構(gòu)成短語的動(dòng)詞是最常見的。例如本題中的arrive，必須與at搭配成為短語動(dòng)詞之后才能與conclusion搭配。我們?cè)诜治鲱}目的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)有動(dòng)賓搭配的時(shí)候，應(yīng)該考慮該動(dòng)詞是否是一個(gè)短語動(dòng)詞，并進(jìn)而分析構(gòu)成該短語動(dòng)詞的介詞有無遺漏。對(duì)于短語動(dòng)詞的熟悉是一個(gè)長期積累的過程，需要隨時(shí)總結(jié)與記憶。以下是六級(jí)考試中常見到的短語動(dòng)詞：

account for, add up to, back up, break down, break away from, bleak out, break up, break in, break off, bring about, “bring up, bring out, bring down, build up, call off, call for, call on, carry out, check in, clear up, come off, come around, count on, cut down, cut off, do away with, dwell on, fall back on, fall out, get over, get out of, get at, give out, give up, give off, hang on, hold back, keep back from, keep up with, lay off, lay down, live up to, look into , look forward to, look over, make up, make out, pass away, put up with ,role out, run out of, set about, take over, take up, take in, take off, turn up, turn out, work out等。

還有一種?？嫉膭?dòng)詞的用法就是語態(tài)。如2000年1月第79題：One is surely justitied in his concern for the money and resources that they are poured into the space exploration．在本題中，由于從句的主語they與pour的關(guān)系是主動(dòng)的，因而不可以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。在所分析的文字中包含謂語動(dòng)詞，那么應(yīng)該分析是否是這方面的問題。其中應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)分析主語與謂語動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)。

E．連接詞錯(cuò)誤的發(fā)現(xiàn)與解決

我們首先來看2000年6月的第73題：However．a(chǎn) second person thougt that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good manners．本題所考查的就是比較連接詞的用法。從前文的more我們就可以看出，下文的as是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?，正確的答案應(yīng)是比較連接詞than。一般來說，比較連接詞所考查的重點(diǎn)集中在88與than的用法上。句意中是否還有比較意義是很容易辨別的，我們一旦覺察到句子有比較的意思，就應(yīng)考慮是否是as與than的用法混淆。

此外定語從句的連接詞也是要特別注意的。我們看 2000年6月的第74題：Instead，this other person told us a story，it he said was quite well known．在這里，句子的后半段很明顯是一個(gè)非限制性的定語從句，所以應(yīng)將it改為which。非限制性的定語從句的連接詞在近幾年的考試中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，應(yīng)該引起我們的重視。解決此類問題的方法是。凡是發(fā)現(xiàn)有復(fù)合句的分析對(duì)象，首先就要考慮從句的連接詞。首先看是否有連接詞，其次看連接詞是否正確，尤其是which與 that的不同應(yīng)用。F．語言環(huán)境類錯(cuò)誤的發(fā)現(xiàn)與解決

從歷年的考題來看，語言環(huán)境類的錯(cuò)誤是最有章可循的。這類錯(cuò)誤一般是一行中的關(guān)鍵詞與上下文所體現(xiàn)出來的意思完全相反。例如2000年6月第72題：A well—man． nered person?walks down a street he or she is constantly un-aware of others．本句的文意是一個(gè)有禮貌的人在街上走的時(shí)候是不會(huì)旁若無人的。而句中的unaware明顯與句意是不符的。此類題的解決也較簡單，那就是將不符合文意的詞改為它的反義詞即可。

改錯(cuò)練習(xí)中應(yīng)注意的問題

A．首先要注意的是，在閱讀和分析的時(shí)候，不要僅僅針對(duì)有錯(cuò)誤的行進(jìn)行分析。分析時(shí)不

要以行為單位，而應(yīng)當(dāng)以句子為單位。理由很簡單，以行為單位進(jìn)行分析容易使我們割斷上下文之間的聯(lián)系，導(dǎo)致分析的片面性。

B．在分析時(shí)態(tài)是否恰當(dāng)時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮整個(gè)文章的時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)上文句子的時(shí)態(tài)來判斷下文句子的時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，必須保證上文的時(shí)態(tài)正確，以免一錯(cuò)再錯(cuò)。

C．關(guān)于做題的時(shí)間的問題。改錯(cuò)的練習(xí)有一點(diǎn)特殊，那就是一定要在練習(xí)中養(yǎng)成檢查的習(xí)慣，因?yàn)楹芏囝}目的判斷是依賴對(duì)于文章背景的把握的。務(wù)必保證檢查的時(shí)間?？紤]到這個(gè)題型的特點(diǎn)，全部的做題時(shí)間要在15分鐘左右，其中的5分鐘左右應(yīng)該是用來檢查的。

D．在檢查時(shí)，對(duì)于增、刪的地方要再三斟酌。一般而言，考題中改的地方多，而單純的增刪是很少的，要注意句子的完整和通順。

E．對(duì)于真題的總結(jié)問題。真題是一定要總結(jié)的。因?yàn)榱?jí)改錯(cuò)的考點(diǎn)是有限的，它不可避免的要重復(fù)出現(xiàn)?？偨Y(jié)以往的考點(diǎn)就意味著對(duì)將來考題的預(yù)習(xí)?？偨Y(jié)的方法也是簡單的，你可以僅僅將考過的題摘錄下來，注意經(jīng)常熟悉就可以了。

第四篇：短文改錯(cuò)

短文改錯(cuò)

（一）I am interested at swimming very much.At first, I went swimming just to keep health.Now my dream was to swim for my country in the Olympics.Though practicing in the pool is very bored, but I still work very hard in order to realize my dream.Because my hard work, I have already come first in much important competitions.In the competitions, I’ve made lot of friends and we’re very close.It’s much easier to have friends which are swimmers because they also have to get up early to practice like you and they understand this kind of life.短文改錯(cuò)

（二）One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begun to cry.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later.Tony saw parents.Mom said,” How nice to see you again!Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.短文改錯(cuò)

（三）Last summer vacation, I went on a school trip with mine classmates.We visited a farm in a countryside.We took a bus for a while, and then we walked here.We saw a lot of different kinds trees and villages along the way.Some farmers were worked hard in the farm when we arrived.One of the farmer showed us around, introducing differently crops to us.We fed chickens, picked some green apples and took up many beautiful photos.It was really interesting and at the same time, I learned a lot about farming.What an excited school trip!

短文改錯(cuò)

（四）I’ve been playing baseball for six year and I’m the only girl on an all-boys baseball team.Our strict coach wants us do our best when we are playing.So it’s not always about winning.He also tells us to just smile and enjoyed ourselves.I take advice he gives me and bring them to my game.Some people say girls can’t play baseball.Hear that doesn’t get me mad.Instead, it makes me play more harder.I want to be knew for being a good player, not just for being the only girl on the team.If you’re a girl who want to play ball, just play you heart out!

短文改錯(cuò)

（五）My uncle drove his car meet his friends.When he found there was still some time leaving before the train had arrived, he wanted to take a short sleep.He was falling sleep when a woman came and asked him the time.He opened his eye and answered, “Half past eight.” With a “Thank you!” a woman left.On a short while this happened again.So my uncle wrote “I don’t know the time” on a piece of paper and put them on the window of the car.A few minutes late, an old man came and woke him up, “Hi, young man.I can tell you that time it is.It’s nine o’clock now.”

短文改錯(cuò)

（六）When I began my senior high school years, I had difficulty to learning English.I dared not speak English in the public because of my poor pronounce.I could not get high marks, but I always used bad grammar.Afraid of be laughed at, I never put up my hand answer questions in class.When my English teacher Miss Li learned about this, she encouraged me and lend me a hand, that helped improve my English.With her help, I became interest in English and finally got high marks.Miss Li, like a shining star, shines on her path to success.短文改錯(cuò)

（七）Dear Tim, How time flies!It has been a month since you go to America.What is everything going? Next weekend I will take part in a national English speaking competition to be holding in Shanghai.It will be a good chance to improve your English and make friends with students from other part of China.But right now I’m not sure that I can remember all the words for a competition.Anyway, I will hope I can get a good result.I am looking forward seeing you again and hope we can have a true great time then.Yours, Li Hua

短文改錯(cuò)

（八）As a service dog, Sandy’s job is help manage a medical condition I have.My condition can be dangerously.When something bad happen, Sandy will tell my parents immediately.Of course, I help take care of Sandy, too.I feed him, walk him, but even take him just about everywhere I go.If I don’t bring Sandy to me, he will get upset.Once he stays with my grandparents for a few hours while my parents and I went to the beach.Sandy was upset in the whole time.He never stopped look for me.When I got home, he was such happy that he rushed to me.I love his dog very much.4

第五篇：短文改錯(cuò)

短文改錯(cuò)

高考英語短文改錯(cuò)題要求考生判斷一篇短文中十行(自1995年以來)文字是否有錯(cuò)，如果有錯(cuò)誤就將其改正。

此題型旨在測(cè)試考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷并改正短文中錯(cuò)誤的能力，以及考查考生準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用詞法、句法、行文邏輯等的綜合能力。

本題型側(cè)重考查考生的詞匯和語法基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，但并不是單純的知識(shí)檢測(cè)，而是考查考生在閱讀的過程中運(yùn)用語法知識(shí)解決實(shí)際問題的能力。

縱觀近幾年高考短文改錯(cuò)，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)其設(shè)題方式比較固定：正確為1個(gè)，多詞或缺詞共計(jì)3個(gè)，錯(cuò)詞為6個(gè)，其比例為1：3:6。

下面引用近幾年的高考題來分析一下此題的三種錯(cuò)誤類型：多詞、缺詞和錯(cuò)詞。

一、多詞

1.多冠詞

(l)Suddenly,I caught a sight of my English teacherin the crowd.【解析lsight是不可數(shù)名詞，且catch sight of是固定搭配，意為“看見”。

(2)For e】cample, when l was a child, the rain was amystery.【解析】，am為不可數(shù)名詞，泛指時(shí)前面不用冠詞。

【知識(shí)拓寬】

(1)不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)不用冠詞。

Modern people know more about the health, havebetter food，and?

(2)與by連用的交通工具及air，land，sea等名詞前不用冠詞。

by bike騎自行車，by sea由海路，乘船

(3)有些名詞(如school，class，hospital，church，prison，bed，table，town等)與相應(yīng)介詞連用，表示進(jìn)行和這些詞直接相關(guān)的活動(dòng)時(shí)，前不用冠詞。

___ _去上學(xué)，_______坐牢，_______在吃飯

(4)球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、棋類游戲前，不用冠詞。

___ _打籃球，_______下棋

(5)mo。t副詞作“非?！苯鈺r(shí)，前面不用定冠詞the。

She is most pretty.她非常漂亮。

(6)?；騮hough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，前置的單數(shù)名詞前不用任何冠詞。

Child as he is,he knows a lot.雖然他只是孩子，知道的卻很多。

2.多介詞

(l)ln fact,they are planning to visit China in next yeaL

(2)We practice for three times every week..(3)So l'm really sorry that l won't be able to come inthis time.【解析】以上三例都是作時(shí)間狀語的名詞短語前多了介詞。

(4)?but we do not seem to get much time to talkabout together.【解析】talk about意為“談到??”，是及物動(dòng)詞短語，后須接介詞賓語，但根據(jù)本句語境，此處不必接賓語，故去掉about。

【知識(shí)拓寬】

(1)last night, next week, this year, one day,threetimes等名詞詞組直接充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語，前面不用介詞。

(2)有些動(dòng)詞在漢語中是不及物動(dòng)詞，在英語中卻是及物動(dòng)詞，由于受漢語影響，可能多一個(gè)介詞。

serve for the people, follow after the teacher, marrywith her,make him as our monitor,play with Tom in amatch(畫線介詞多余)

(3)有些表示地點(diǎn)的副詞，其意義中已包含to，如果再加to，則多余。

on one's way to there, return to home, go to upstairs(畫線介詞均多余)

(4)有些副詞或介詞詞組后加另一個(gè)介詞，構(gòu)成復(fù)合介詞，若后面沒有介詞賓語，介詞則多余。同樣，有些動(dòng)詞短語是“動(dòng)詞十介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，若后面沒有介詞賓語，介詞則多余。

①If you won’t go，I'll go instead of.(畫線介詞多余)

②She listened to but heard nothing(畫線介詞多余)

(5)有些動(dòng)詞或形容詞后接名詞或代詞時(shí)，須加一個(gè)介詞，但接從句時(shí)，必須去掉介詞。

①l never knew about a ride down a river could be soexciting.(畫線介詞多余)

②I am sorry for that he won't come(畫線介詞多余)

3.詞義重疊

(1)Whenever I see them l will often think of myEnglish teacher.【解析】在whenever l see them這一時(shí)間狀語從句后再用often顯得重復(fù)，應(yīng)去掉。

(2)1'11 spend all the whole weekend reading andpreparing for it.【解析】the whole weekend意為“整個(gè)周末”，再加上all，詞義重疊。

【知識(shí)拓寬】

(1)有些詞受漢語影響，多一副詞或介詞，造成詞義重疊。

return back回來，repeat again重復(fù)，flee away逃走，enter into進(jìn)入，blue color藍(lán)色，stop down停下來，raiseup舉起來，unpack open打開

(2)定語從句中的一個(gè)名詞，已由關(guān)系代詞取代，再用其替代詞是多余的。

I do remember you having apologized to the old lady Imet her last week

(3)單音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞比較等級(jí)加-er.-est，多音節(jié)加more、most，但二者不能同時(shí)重疊使用。

As a result, people in the modern world generally livemuch more longer than people in the past.4.出現(xiàn)冗言現(xiàn)象

(l)Today l visited the Smiths-my first time visit toan American family.【解析】本句中的first修飾visit，visit此處為名詞，意為“我的第一次訪問”，time多余。

(2)Now I can't watch much television,but?【解析】根據(jù)上下文，此處應(yīng)是“我根本不能看電視”，因此受漢語影響，多了much，造成冗言。

【知識(shí)拓寬】

(1)狀語從句與主句之間多一并列連詞。

①Though he tried his best, but he failed.②The more he has, and the more he wants.(2)充當(dāng)狀語的介詞短語與主句之間多一關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。

①In the last five years that they have climbed churches一②?in other places where you are limited to a certainnumber...(3)充當(dāng)狀語的分詞與主句之間多一并列連詞。

Sitting down,and he began to work.(4)從屬連詞后多一個(gè)that。

She was absent from the meeting because that she was ilL(5)復(fù)合賓語前多一個(gè)that。

I found that her lying on the ground.5.固定搭配中多詞

(1)I was used to watch it every night.【解析】此處屬于used to do與be used to兩個(gè)固定搭配的誤用，應(yīng)去掉was，取“過去常?！敝狻?/p>

(2)?in any other words,Iam only a child.【解析lin other words為固定搭配，意為“換句話說”，而any other意為“任何別的??”，與本文上下文不符。

6.行文邏輯上多詞First, let me tell you something more about myself.【解析】由first可知是剛開始向別人講述自己的故事，故只能說something，而不能加more。

二、缺詞

1.名詞前缺限定詞

(1)Each player must obey^captain, who is theleader of the team.the【解析】此處應(yīng)加上the，特指“球隊(duì)的隊(duì)長”。

(2)The day before the speech contest^Englishteacher talked to me.my【解析】根據(jù)上下文分析，此處English teacher是有所指的，指的是“我的”英語老師，故加上my，表達(dá)一個(gè)更確切的概念。

(3)I'1I take this chance to wish you^ wonderful timeon your birthday.a【解析lwish sb.awonderful time為固定搭配，意為“祝某人玩得愉快”。

【知識(shí)拓寬】

(1)在“so+形容詞十可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞前不能缺a或an。

This is so good a book that we will buy it.=This is such a good book that we will buy it.(2)little,few表示肯定時(shí)，前面不能缺a，意為“一些”。

如a little water，但是“每隔幾分鐘”應(yīng)說成every fewminutesa

(3)有些不可數(shù)名詞(如metal, beauty, iron, tea,coffee, ice, youth, pleasure, success, failure等)，表示“一種”“一個(gè)“一份”時(shí)，應(yīng)加上a或an。

Work is a pleasure to me.(4)“the+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”表示一家人時(shí)，the不能省。

The Browns like to go skating.(5)表示“兩者之中比較??的一個(gè)”時(shí)，比較級(jí)前應(yīng)加the。

He is the taller of the two boys.(6)在句中可數(shù)名詞不可單獨(dú)使用，前面應(yīng)有限定詞，如his,that,Tom's,the,a等。

When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook^head.his2.缺動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to(1)I'd like very much^come but I have anexamination on Monday morning.to【解析】like后面不能直接加動(dòng)詞，需加to，構(gòu)成固定搭配“would like to do”，意為“想做??”。

(2)一.and will do all they can^ make sure that l geta good education to【解析】不定式作目的狀語，不定式符號(hào)to不可省。

【知識(shí)拓寬】

(1)不定式作后置定語，不定式符號(hào)to不能省。

But then there are always more mysteriesAlook into:_____to

(2)-般說來，兩個(gè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞不能并列使用，中間常用to連接。

①7Ihe World Health()rganization and other organizationsare workingAimprove health all over the world_____to

②i had always wantedA retum to the village _____to

(3)feel, hear, let, make,have, see, notice, watch,ob。rv。等動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，充當(dāng)主語補(bǔ)足語的不定式不能省去to。

Little Tom was made to do heavy work

(4)為了避免重復(fù)前面的動(dòng)詞，后面的不定式常常省略，但要保留不定式符號(hào)to。

We wanted to go to the lecture, but we weren't able to

3.缺系動(dòng)詞

(l)neyA eager to Imow everything about China：.'were【解析】eager為形容詞，必須加系動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。

(2)What^ your favourite sport?IS【解析】本句缺謂語動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)加is。

(3)I'd like to^ your pen-friend, and.be/become【解析】本句考查I'd like to do結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)上下文，必須加上系動(dòng)詞。

【知識(shí)拓寬】

(1)由于受漢語語法規(guī)則的影響，有些形容詞作表語時(shí)，常常缺少系動(dòng)詞。

She is afraid of her boss.(2)在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中，由于缺少助動(dòng)詞，變成了主動(dòng)語態(tài)，造成錯(cuò)誤。

?and let you know when the book you want has^returned and is ready for you to pick up.been4.缺介詞(l)We must keep in mind that we play for the teaminstead^ ourselves._____ of【解析linstead of為固定短語，意為“而非，而不是”，后接賓語。

(2)?but the others spent a lotA time arguing_____of【解析la lot of是固定習(xí)語，意為“許多，大量”，后加賓語。

【知識(shí)拓寬】

改錯(cuò)題對(duì)介詞的考查，重點(diǎn)是一些固定搭配，再如：

WhenI have free timeI go^along walk..for，因此，同學(xué)們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí)中應(yīng)牢記一些固定搭配。

5.缺連詞In one class,l learned^ it rained.why【解析】本句因缺連詞而造成句子成分殘缺，只有加上why，句子的意義才完整。

【知識(shí)拓寬】

(1)在漢語中，分句與分句之間往往不用連詞，但在英語中卻不行。

It began to rain,^ they had to stop working.and

(2)受母語影響，幾個(gè)同類詞并列連用時(shí)，它們之間往往缺一連詞。

CDi told Mother, Father, Sister,^ all my friends herewhat a great time I had.and②He looked inside but saw nothing.(3)that引導(dǎo)的主語從句置于句首時(shí)，that常常不能省。

That light travels in straight line is known to all.(4)引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞that，when等常不可省。

(DThe doctors came to the conclusion that the patientwas suffering from cancer.②i have no idea when he will return(5)在even if，even though，as if'as though等短語中，第二個(gè)連詞不能少。

He walks as if/though he were drunk

三、錯(cuò)詞

1.可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)誤用

(l)They were eager to know everything about Chinaand asked me lots of question

(2)We study quite a few subject, such as maths,Chinese, English and physics.(3)We practise three times every week and oftenwatch football match on TV together.(4)She said that she and my schoolmate' all.wishedme success,.(5)?so that l'11 get good marks in all my subject.___

(6)?and many happy return of the day_____

(7)I used to love science class-all of them-biology,chemistry, geography, physics.【知識(shí)拓寬】

對(duì)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的考查是高考的熱點(diǎn)之一，幾乎每年考查一處。因此，為了對(duì)名詞錯(cuò)誤判斷準(zhǔn)確，應(yīng)該：

(1)弄清名詞是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞。

We stopped to rest for a while and to drink somewaters from a stream water

(2)掌握好可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)則。

There are branch library in many villages libraries

(3)要熟練運(yùn)用名詞的所有格。

2.時(shí)態(tài)誤用

(l)We havea good tinte talking and laughing together.had

(2)I learn about you from my English teacher, MissFang.learned

(3)I was a member of our school football team am

(4)I arn happy with any programme but the othersspent a lot of time...was

(5)I remembered her words and calm down calmed

(6)They did not want me to do any w,ork at home do【知識(shí)拓寬】

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是短文改錯(cuò)考查的熱點(diǎn)之一，一般說來每年考查一處，而且近幾年高考主要考查現(xiàn)在時(shí)與過去時(shí)的使用，再如：I had an examination on Monday moming.have

3.非謂語動(dòng)詞誤用

(l)It was very kind of them to meet me.at the railwaystation and drove meto their home drive

(2)I look forward to hear from you soon hearing

(3)Play football not only makes us grow up...Playing

(4)I was often alittle tired after a day's work andwatch TV demands very little effort.watching【知識(shí)拓寬】

(1)由以上考例可見，v.-mg形式作主語、賓語或狀語是考查的熱點(diǎn)。

CDi'ii spend the whole weekend reading and preparefor it.preparing②After learn the basics of the subject, nothing elseseemed very practical to me.learning

(2)過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別是另一考查熱點(diǎn)。此時(shí)重點(diǎn)要看分詞與主語或邏輯主語的關(guān)系。

①After an hour or so, we began to feel veryfrightening.frightened②?but now l am interesting in football.interested(3)被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的過去分詞誤用成動(dòng)詞原形。

Books may be keep for four weeks.kept(4)掌握好動(dòng)詞不定式帶to與不帶to的差異。

(5)有些動(dòng)詞后接不定式，有些動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)名詞，應(yīng)分別牢記這些動(dòng)詞。

4.主謂不一致

(1)Playing football not only makes us grow up talland strong but alsoglve us a sense of fair play and teamspirit.gives

(2)Now my picture and the prize is hanging in thelibrary.are【知識(shí)拓寬】

(1)謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一般取決于前面主語的單復(fù)數(shù)。

Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing toborrow them.costs

(2)not only;一but also, neither.—nor.一，either.or..-等并列連詞連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)采取就近一致原則。

(3)There be結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)采取就近一致原則。

But then there is always more mysteries to look into.are

(4)注意把集合名詞(如family，class，team等)和不定代詞(如all，none等)放在具體語境中，判斷其謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。

5.代詞不一致

(l)The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.their

(2)And they must not break the rules too often if wewant to win the game.we(3)Now someone at home reads instead.everyone/everybody【知識(shí)拓寬】

(1)根據(jù)上下文判斷，出現(xiàn)了代詞不一致。

①1 felt that it helped me understand how the worldworks.they②They have been to Europe many timesWe

(2)傾向于考查學(xué)生對(duì)不定代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞以及代詞的主格與賓格等諸方面知識(shí)的掌握與運(yùn)用能力。

And I can’t forget the good food you cooked forl me

(3)人稱代詞性別上的誤用也是常見的錯(cuò)誤形式之一。

6.連詞誤用

(l)~esaid that she and my schoolmates all wished mesuccass,but it didn’t matter thatI would win or notwhether【解析】it為形式主語，whether l would win or not是真正的主語，意為“我是否能贏”。

(2)lt looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor andaguest.or【解析】句意為：看起來我的父母親把我當(dāng)成了“visitor”或“guest”。二者為選擇關(guān)系而非并列關(guān)系，故將and改為or。

(3)It is a very important exam butI can't afford tofail it.and/so【解析】此處應(yīng)是并列或因果關(guān)系，而非轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

【知識(shí)拓寬】

(1)正確掌握各連詞的含義及其在從句中的應(yīng)用。

①?because I felt that they helped me understandwhat the world works.how②Most people can quickly get help from a doctor orgo to a hospital sir ce they areill when/if

(2)熟練應(yīng)用表示并列、選擇、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等關(guān)系的連詞：and, or, but, so, therefore, however等.①She was smiling but nodding at me.and②Therefore, there are still some countries wherepeople have shorter lives.However

(3)弄清whether和if的含義及用法區(qū)別。

?and whether you pay the cost of sending apostcard,the librarian will write to you.if

7.關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞誤用

I live inBeijing,where is the capital of China.which【解析】此處是非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系代詞which作主語。

【知識(shí)拓寬】

(1)正確區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞之間的區(qū)別，尤其是that和which的區(qū)別。

?in other places you are limited to.a certainnumber, of that some may be novels.which

(2)正確區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別，并掌握它們的用法。

However,there are still some countries there peoplehave shorter lives.where

8.詞性誤用

(1)Also the sport teaches us the important ofobedience.importance【解析】本句應(yīng)該用名詞importance作動(dòng)詞teach的直接賓語。

(2)Unfortunate, there are too many people in myfamily.Unfortunately【解析】此處應(yīng)該用副詞unfortunately作狀語，意為“不幸的是”。

(3)After learning the basics of the subject,nothingelse seemed very practically to me.practical【解析】。eem為系動(dòng)詞，后面應(yīng)接形容詞作表語。

【知識(shí)拓寬】

詞性誤用指的是動(dòng)詞與名詞混淆，副詞與形容詞混淆等。這就要求我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中重視詞性及各類詞在句中的基本功能。再如：

I'm sure we'IIhave 8 wonderfully time together.wonderful

9.限定詞誤用

(1)Today I visited the Smiths-my first visit to aAmerican family.an【解析】American為元音音素開頭的單詞，故應(yīng)用部定冠詞 an

(2)wemay be one family and live under a sameroof，?the【解析】same意為“同樣的”，前面應(yīng)加定冠詞the。

10.近義詞混用They did not want me to do any work at family......home【解析】family側(cè)重指“家庭這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)或家里的人。，而home則側(cè)重指“家庭的所在地”。因此，“在家里”應(yīng)用athome。

【知識(shí)拓寬】

在英語中，有許多同義詞、近義詞和反義詞，在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)抓好基礎(chǔ)，牢記每一個(gè)詞的基本含義。再如：.Uncle Ben will alsogo back for Christmas.come總之，平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的積累，熟練掌握高考詞匯、基本詞法、句法，同時(shí)還應(yīng)加強(qiáng)閱讀能力的訓(xùn)練。因?yàn)?，較快的閱讀速度、較好的語感和牢固的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)是做好短文改錯(cuò)的重要前提。平時(shí)訓(xùn)練短文改錯(cuò)時(shí)，不應(yīng)只是為了做題而做題，而應(yīng)善于總結(jié)、摸索答題的規(guī)律。

參考答案

一、1.(3)go to school;in prison;at table(4)play basketball;play chess

三、1.(1)question-*questions(2)subject—subjects(3)match-*matches(4)schoolmate—+ schoolmates(5)subject-+ subjects(6)return—.retums(7)class-classes