第一篇：語法速補(bǔ)3-常用介詞常用介詞小結(jié)

常用介詞

介詞是一種用來表示詞與詞, 詞與句之間的關(guān)系的詞。在句中不能單獨(dú)作句字成分。介詞后面一般有名詞代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其他詞類，短語或從句作它的賓語。介詞和它的賓語構(gòu)成介詞詞組，在句中作主語, 狀語，表語，補(bǔ)語或介詞賓語。1.about 1)關(guān)于=on eg.give sb advice on how to learn English 2)到處 look about環(huán)視 3)大約

4)be about to do即將做 eg.I was about to leave when the phone rang.2.above

在...上方/over在垂直的上方 反義:below在...下方 3.across 橫穿,從表面 through豎穿,從內(nèi)部 4.after

在(位置,時間)后

/behind在(位置)后

before在(位置,時間)前/in front of在(位置)前 in+時間段+將來時 how soon after +時間段+過去時 when after + 一點(diǎn)時間(常用于一般將來時or一般過去時)when 如:The baby stopped crying after half an hour.The baby will stop crying in half an hour.They will visit their teacher after Friday.時間段+later+過去時 when 5.behind

He hangs his coat on a nail behind the door.他把外套掛在門后的一顆釘子上.Beyond 超過 This work is beyond my grasp.這件工作非我力所能及.His bad behavior is beyond a joke.他的不良行為超出了開玩笑的范圍.beside 6.沿著

a.along(沒有方向性)We went for a walk along the shore.我們沿著海岸散步.b.up(向上,向說話者走來)The boy climbed up the tree.這個男孩爬上樹.c.down(向下,向說話者走去)Will you walk down to the lake with her 你跟她走到湖那頭去好嗎

7.在…之間

a.between在兩者之間 b.among在三者或以上之間

eg.1.She was sitting between John and Tom.What were you doing between eight and nine What's the defference between the two words we found a little house among the trees.The students lived and worked among the workers.Between , among 是介詞,必須 +賓格:between you and me 8.at+地點(diǎn)(小地方)//in+地點(diǎn)(大地方)eg.I've been at our school/in the USA.在桌邊 at the table at表示“向,朝” eg.look at / laugh at shoot sb 射死,射中/ shoot at sb朝…射擊

eg.The hunter shot at the tree , but he didn't shoot any birds.At+時間點(diǎn) At+價格 At+速度

9.beside=next to在旁邊

besides除外還 Besides milk and cheese, we need vegetables.除了牛奶和干酪外,我們還需要蔬菜.except/ but 除…外 “Every one of us, except him, went to watch the basketball match.” “除他以外,我們都去觀看了藍(lán)球比賽.” except for +noun除外(總體肯定,局部否定)except that+clause除外(總體肯定,局部否定)eg.Your compasitions are good except for a few spelling mistakes.* but的幾個用法: nothing but nobody but have no choice but to do can't do anything but do 10.by被

在…旁 by the window/ by the river He sat down just by the door.他正坐在門的旁邊.by+noun 通過…方式(手段)by bus/

get on the bus/ get off the bus get into the car/get out of the car She earned money by writing.她靠寫作掙錢.By+時間的用法:

by+now 與現(xiàn)在完成時連用 by+過去時間 與過去完成時連用

by+將來時間 與將來完成時或一般過去時連用 eg.We have learned over 2000 words by now.had learned by the end of last term.Will learn/will have learned by the end of this term.11.during+賓語 不加從句 eg.在我居住在南京期間: during I stayed in Nanjing(wrong)during my staying in Nanjing(right)實(shí)例.I posted the letter some time _____ the week.A.in B.during C.throughout D.within 答案是B項(xiàng).介詞during后面總是一個表示時間的名詞,這一名詞可以指整段時間,如:It was very cold during the winter(整個冬天,天氣都很嚴(yán)寒.)這一名詞也可以指一段時間中的時點(diǎn)或時刻,如:She has phoned him four times during the last half an hour.(在剛才的半個小時內(nèi),她給他打過四次電話.)在這個例句里during可以被介詞in代替,因?yàn)閕n具有within a period(在一段時間內(nèi))的意思.但在以下兩種情況下不能用in代替during:(1)當(dāng)所提及的是一個事件或一項(xiàng)活動,而不是一段時間時,如:I didn't learn much during my teacher training.(在教師培訓(xùn)中,我沒學(xué)到多少東西.);(2)在表示不明確的時間時,用some time + during…表示,如:I dropped in on him some time during my visit to the city.(在我觀光那座城市時,我曾順便看望過他.)12.with和…一起

to live with one's parents 和父母同住 帶有 We take dictionaries with us.Without I can't do it without your help.沒有你的幫助,我不能做這件事.13.in the morning/afternoon/evening at night 14.像

1).like like you像你那樣 like that那樣

2).as+從句(或從句的省略句)Please do as I told you./ Please do as I did.as作為 eg.consider/recognize/regard…as 3).幾個短語:be like;look like;sound like the same as such as 15.方位介詞

in the east of在.....之內(nèi)的東部 on the east of和......相鄰的東部

to the east of/east of在.....之外（不緊密相鄰）的東部 【注】

1.in表示A地在B地范圍之內(nèi)。如：Taiwan is in the southeast of China.2.to表示A地在B地范圍之外，即二者之間有距離間隔。如：Japan lies to the east of China.3.on表示A地與B地接壤、毗鄰。如： North Korea is on the east of China.at the top of hill=on top of hill在山頂

Last year he spent hisw holiday on a farm in the country south of Boston.16.up to

1).勝任,適合 The machine is up to requirements.這部機(jī)器符合要求.The manager is well up to the work..經(jīng)理十分勝任這個工作.2)是…義不容辭的,是…的職責(zé)

It's up to me to finance my yong brother to finish his college study.資助我弟弟完成其大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè),我義不容辭.It is up to us to give them all the help we can.我們理應(yīng)給他們力所能及的幫助.3)取決于, 必須由….決定

I've given you my advice;whether or not you act it is up to you.我已經(jīng)把辦法告訴了你,是否照辦得由你決定了.It's up to you to get to school on time.你是否準(zhǔn)時到校由你自己決定.4)一直到(時間)Up to her fourth birthday, the baby slept in a crib.嬰孩睡嬰兒床一直睡至到四歲.We went swimming up to supper time.我們一直游到吃晚飯的時候.5)一直到(數(shù)目),多達(dá)

There were up to eight fire engines at the fire.來到火災(zāi)現(xiàn)場的消防車多達(dá).I can take up to six people in my car.我的車能載6個人.up to date 最新的,現(xiàn)代化的,切合目前情況的 up to 的常見用法 1.表示程度或數(shù)量,表示“達(dá)到……程度或數(shù)量”,相當(dāng)于as far as, to.如: Up to ten people can sleep in this tent.這個帳篷至多能睡十人.Everyone has his part to play, from the office boy up to the president.從辦公室勤雜員到董事長,每個人都有自己的事做.Our football team played up to its best in the last League matches.我們的足球隊(duì)在上屆聯(lián)賽中發(fā)揮了最高水平.2.表示時間限制,“直到……為止”,相當(dāng)于till(也可用up till)或until.如: He was here up to a moment ago.他剛才還在這兒呢.The No.5 bus runs up to 9 o'clock in the evening.五路公共汽車一直開到晚上九點(diǎn).注意:在將來時態(tài)中,應(yīng)用until或till為好.如: I'll wait for you until / till ten o'clock tomorrow.我將等你到明天十點(diǎn)鐘.3.表示“夠……;合格做……;有資格做……”,相當(dāng)于good/well/clever enough for或fit for.如: Michael is not really up to the job.邁克爾確實(shí)不勝任那項(xiàng)工作.My German isn't up to translating that letter.我的德語還不行,翻譯不了那封信.(to為介詞,接V-ing形式)Do you feel up to going out, or have you still got a headache 你覺得可以出去還是仍覺得頭痛

4.表示“責(zé)任”,“義務(wù)”,相當(dāng)于the duty or responsibility of.如: It is up to us to do our best now.我們現(xiàn)在務(wù)必要盡最大努力.(sb.后接動詞不定式)5.表示“該……做出決定,取決于”,相當(dāng)于decided or chosen by.如:-Shall we go out for dinner or eat at home-It's up to you.-我們是出去吃飯還是在家吃呢

-那要由你決定.(you后省略了to decide).6.表示“做;忙于”或“從事于”,相當(dāng)于doing或busy doing/ with.(非正式語體中)如: The children are quiet;I wonder what they are up to!孩子們很安靜,我不知道他們在搗什么鬼!What are you on earth up to 你究竟在搞什么名堂

7.表示“知道”或“識破”,相當(dāng)于know, aware of.如: He is not up to many things about sports.他對體育運(yùn)動知道得很少.They cannot deceive me, for I'm up to all their tricks.他們欺騙不了我,因?yàn)槲夷茏R破他們所有的詭計(jì).

第二篇：介詞用法小結(jié)

介詞用法

早、午、晚要用 in，at 黎明、午夜、點(diǎn)與分。

年、月、年月、季節(jié)、周，陽光、燈、影、衣、帽 in。將來時態(tài) in...以后，小處 at 大處 in。有形 with 無形 by，語言、單位、材料 in。特征、方面與方式，心情成語慣用 in。

介詞 at 和 to 表方向，攻擊、位置、惡、善分。

早、午、晚要用 in

例：in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 in the day 在白天

at 黎明、午、夜、點(diǎn)與分

例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明時候 at noon 在中午 at night 在夜間 at midnight 在午夜

以上短語都不用冠詞

at six o'clock 在6點(diǎn)鐘

at 7：30(seven thirty)在7點(diǎn)半 at half past eleven 在11點(diǎn)半 at nine fifteen 在9點(diǎn)15 分

at ten thirty a.m.在上午10點(diǎn)30分也可以寫成 seven to five 5點(diǎn)差7分(半小時以上)five minutes after two 2點(diǎn)過5分 at a quarter to two 1點(diǎn)45分 at the weekend 在周末

年、月、年月、季節(jié)、周

即在“某年”，在“某月”，在“某年某月”(但在某年某月某日則用 on)，在四季，在第幾周等都要用 in。例：

in 1986 在1986 年 in 1927 在1927 年 in April 在四月 in March 在三月

in December, 1986 1986年12月 in July, l983 1983年7月

in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季 in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季

in the fist week of this semester 這學(xué)期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周

陽光、燈、影、衣、冒 in，即在陽光下，在燈下，在樹陰下，穿衣、著裝、冒雨等都要用 in。

例：Don't read in dim light.切勿在暗淡的燈光下看書。

They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light.他們在明亮的燈光下復(fù)習(xí)功課。

They are sitting in the shade of a tree.他們坐在樹陰下乘涼。a prisoner in irons 帶著鐐銬的囚犯

He went in the rain to meet me at the station.他冒雨到車站去接我。The poor dressed(clothed)in rags in old society.舊社會窮人們衣衫襤褸。

以及：in the bright sunlight 在明亮的陽光下 a merchant in disguise 喬裝的商人

the woman in white(black, red, yellow)穿著白(黑、紅、黃)色衣服的婦女 in uniform 穿著制服 in mourning 穿著喪服

in brown shoes 穿著棕色鞋 in his shirt sleeves 穿著襯衫

將來時態(tài) in ? 以后

例: They will come back in 10 days.他們將10天以后回來。I'll come round in a day or two.我一兩天就回來。We'll be back in no time.我們一會兒就回來。

Come and see me in two days' time.兩天后來看我。(從現(xiàn)在開始)After ?(從過去開始)

小處 at 大處 in

例：Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well.Don't worry.李和我平安地到達(dá)黑山縣，一切很好，勿念。

I live in a great city(big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village.我住在大城市，我姐姐住在一個小城鎮(zhèn)，而我的父母則住在農(nóng)村。I'm in Liaoning, at Anshan.我住在遼寧省鞍山市．

有形 with 無形 by，語言、單位、材料 in

例：The workers are paving a road with stone.工人們正用石子鋪路。(有形)The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen.這位教師正用一支新筆批改論文。(有形)“Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy”is a good opera.<<智取威虎山>>是—出好戲。(無形)The product is separated by distillation into gasoline and gas oil.這種產(chǎn)品是用蒸餾分離出汽油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法——無形)

I really can't express my idea in English freely in-deed． 我確實(shí)不能用英語流利地表達(dá)我的思想。(表示某種語言用 in)

I wrote a novel in Russian.我用俄語寫了一本小說。(同上)

The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system． 公里是米制中最長的長度單位。(表示度、量、衡單位的用 in)

The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre.長度是以米、公里、厘米為單位來計(jì)算的。(同上)

This board was cast in bronze not in gold.這個牌匾是銅鑄的，不是金鑄的。

特征、方面與方式、心情、成語慣用 in

特征或狀態(tài)：

例: The Democratic Party was then in power.那時民主黨執(zhí)政。They found the patient in a coma.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)病人處于昏迷狀態(tài)。

He has not been in good health for some years.他幾年來身體一直不好。Many who came in despair went away in hope.許多人帶著絕望情緒而來，卻滿懷希望而去。

The house was in ruins.這房屋成了廢墟。

The poor girl was in tears.這個貧苦女孩淚流滿面。Her clothes were in rags.她的衣服穿破了。His shoes were in holes.他的鞋穿出窟窿了。I only said it in fun.我說這話只是開玩笑的。

She spoke in grief rather than in anger.與其說她講得很氣憤，不如說她講得很傷心。還有一些短語也用 in，如： in jest 詼諧地，in joke 開玩笑地，in spite 惡意地，in fairness 公正地，in revenge 報復(fù), in mercy 寬大，in sorrow 傷心地等。

His mind was in great confusion.他腦子里很亂。

Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb.今天大家都興高采烈，沒有一個情緒低落的。

She and her classmates are in flower ages.她和她的同學(xué)都正值妙齡。The campaign was in full swing.運(yùn)動正值高潮中。

方面：

例：We accepted the item in principle.我們在原則上接受了這個條款。They are never backward in giving their views.他們從來不怕發(fā)表自己的意見。

The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain.這個落后的地區(qū)在糧食方面已能自給。

A good teacher must be an example in study.一個好的教師必須是學(xué)習(xí)的模范。

方式：

例：All the speeches were taken down in shorthand.所有報告都用速記記錄下來了。

The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism.黨一貫以愛國主義和國際主義精神教育我們。

如下成語慣用 in 例：in all 總計(jì) in advance 事前

in the meantime 與此同時 in place 適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

in hopes of(或 in the hope of)懷著??希望 in connection with 和??有關(guān) in contact with 和??聯(lián)系 in addition to 除??以外 in case of 倘若，萬一

in conflict with 和??沖突 in force 有效的，大批 in depth 徹底地 in regard to 關(guān)于

in the neighborhood of 大約、鄰近in retrospect 回顧，一想起 in behalf of 代表??利益 in the least 一點(diǎn)，絲毫 in alarm 驚慌、擔(dān)心

in the opinion of 據(jù)??見解 in the long run 從長遠(yuǎn)說來 in one's opinion 在??看來 in word 口頭上 in a word 總之

in vain 無益地, 白白地 in case 如果，萬一，以防 in detail 詳細(xì)地 in haste 急急忙忙地 in conclusion 總之 in spite of 盡管

in other words ? 換句話說 in return 作為回報

in the name of 以??名義 be confident in 對??有信心 be interested in 對??感興趣 in doubt 懷疑 in love 戀愛中 in debt 負(fù)債

in fun(jest、joke)玩笑地 in hesitation 猶豫不決 in wonder 在驚奇中

in public(secret)公開他(秘密地)in a good humour 心情(情緒)好

“介詞 at、to 表方向，攻擊、位置、善、惡、分”

介詞 at 和 to 都可以表示方向;用 at 表示方向時，側(cè)重于攻擊的目標(biāo)，往往表示惡意;用to 表示方向時，突出運(yùn)動的位置或動作的對象，側(cè)重表示善意。

試比較下列各句：

1.A.She came at me.她向我撲過來。B.She came to me.她向我走過來。

2.A.Jake ran at John.杰克向約翰撲過去。B.Jake ran to John.杰克朝約翰跑去。

3.A.He rushed at the woman with a sword.他拿著劍向那婦女撲過去。B.He rushed to the woman with a sword.他帶著劍向那婦女跑過去。

4.A.He shouted at the old man.他大聲喝斥那老人。B.He shouted to the old man.他大聲向那老人說。

5.A.I heard her muttering at Xiao Li.我聽見她在抱怨小李。B.I heard her muttering to Xiao Li.我聽見她在同小李低聲說話。

6.A.She talked at you just now.她剛才還說你壞話呢。B.She talked to you just now.她剛才還同你談話呢.7.A.She threw a bone at the dog.她用一塊骨頭砸狗。B.She threw a bone to the dog.她把一塊骨頭扔給狗吃。

8.A.He presented a pistol at me.他用手槍對著我。B.He presented a pistol to me.他贈送我一支手槍。

日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，收音、農(nóng)場、值日 on，關(guān)于、基礎(chǔ)、靠、著論。

著、罷、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，準(zhǔn)。特定時日和“一??就”，on 后常接動名詞。

年、月、日加早、午、晚，of 之前 on 代 in。步行、驢、馬、玩笑 on，cab，carriage 則用 in。at 山腳、門口、在當(dāng)前，速、溫、日落、價、核心。工具、和、同隨 with，具有、獨(dú)立、就、原因。就??來說賓譯主，對、有、方狀、表細(xì)分。

海、陸、空、車、偶、被 by，單數(shù)、人類 know to man。

this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。接年、月、季、星期、周，介詞省略已習(xí)慣。over、under 正上下，above、below 則不然，若與數(shù)量詞連用，混合使用亦無關(guān)。

beyond 超出、無、不能，against 靠著，對與反。besides，except 分內(nèi)外，among 之內(nèi) along 沿。同類比較 except，加 for 異類記心間。

原狀 because of, owing to，due to 表語形容詞。

Under 后接修、建中，of，from 物、化分。Before，after 表一點(diǎn), ago，later 表一段。before 能接完成時，ago 過去極有限。

since 以來 during 間，since 時態(tài)多變換。

與之相比 beside，除了 last but one。

復(fù)不定 for、找、價、原，對、給、段、去、為、作、贊?？斓?、對、向 towards，工、學(xué)、軍、城、北、上、南。but for 否定用虛擬，復(fù)合介詞待后言。

ing 型由于鑒，除了除外與包合。

之后、關(guān)于、在??方面，有關(guān)介詞須記全。in 內(nèi) to 外表位置，山、水、國界 to 在前。

英語中的介詞搭配比較復(fù)雜，是初學(xué)英語的難點(diǎn)。本文講時態(tài)的使用制成口訣，可以幫助大家更快的掌握介詞的使用方法。如大體掌握如上介詞用法口訣，就不易出錯。后面會有文章對口訣的使用做專門解釋。

日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚;以下皆用 on。

例: on October the first 1949 1949年10月1日 on February the thirteenth l893 1893年2月13日 on May the first 5月1日 on the first 1號

on the sixteenth 16號

on the second of January 或 on January the second 1月2日 on a summer evening 在夏天的一個夜晚 on Boxing Day 在節(jié)禮日(圣誕節(jié)次日)on New Year's Day 在元旦 on my birthday 在我的生日

但 in the Christmas holidays 在圣誕節(jié)假期;in the eighteenth century 在十八世紀(jì);in ancient times 在古代;in earlier times 在早期;in modern times 在現(xiàn)代，則用 in，at the present time 現(xiàn)在，at the present day 當(dāng)今 則用 at。

on May Day 在“五·一”節(jié) on winter day 在冬天

on December 12th 1950 1950年12月12日 on Sunday 在星期天 on Monday 在星期一

on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨 on Saturday afternoon 星期六下午 on Friday evening 星期五晚上

但 last night 昨夜；in the evening 在晚上;on time 準(zhǔn)時，in time 及時，等則不同。

年月日，加早午晚，of 之前 on 代 in

例：on the morning of 18th 18日早晨 on the evening of 4th 4日晚上

On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a farewell speech.他們在臨行前夕舉行了一次告別宴會，他們的團(tuán)長發(fā)表了告別講話。

收音、農(nóng)場，值日 on

例：Did your supervisor like the story over(or on)the radio last night? 您的導(dǎo)師喜歡昨天從收音機(jī)里聽到的故事嗎? I heard the news over(or on)the radio.我從收音機(jī)里聽到了這一條消息。talk over the radio 由無線電播音

on TV 從電視里??

hear something on the wireless 在無線電里聽到

My brother works on an Army reclamation farm.我哥哥在一個軍墾農(nóng)場工作。The students are working on a school farm.學(xué)生們正在校辦農(nóng)場勞動。This is a farmer's house on a farm.這是農(nóng)場的農(nóng)舍。Who is on duty, today? 今天誰值日? We go on duty at 8 a.m.我們上午8點(diǎn)鐘上班。

關(guān)于、基礎(chǔ)、靠、著論

例: This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation.今天下午我們要聽關(guān)于國際形勢的報告。

Professor Shen will give us a talk on traveling in America.申教授將給我們做關(guān)于美國之行的報告。

You are wrong on all these issues.在這些問題上你的看法都錯了。

The belief is based on practical experience.這種信念是以實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)的。

Theory must be based on practice.理論必須以實(shí)踐為基礎(chǔ)。The people in the south live on rice.南方人主食大米。(靠)The citizens live on their salaries.城市人靠薪金生活。

You can't afford luxuries, on an income of 100 yuan a month． 靠月薪100 元的收入，你是買不起奢侈品的。

Her pet dogs were fed on the choicest food． 她用精飼料喂養(yǎng)她心愛的狗。He is just a scrounger, who lives on other people.他正是一個小偷，?？繐p害別人過日子。

Keep the kettle on the boil(=boiling).讓水壺的水一直開著。The enemy are on the run(=running).敵人在逃跑。

On 后接 the 加上一個作名詞的動詞．其意義與現(xiàn)在分詞所表達(dá)的相近。類似例子很多如：

on the march 在行軍中，on the mend 在好轉(zhuǎn)中，on the prowl 徘徊，on the move 活動中，on the scrounge 巧取豪奪(俚語)，on the go 活躍，忙碌，on the lookout 注意, 警戒，on the watch 監(jiān)視著。on the hop 趁不備抓住某人等等。

on the People's Democratic Dictatorship 《實(shí)踐論》和《矛盾論》 on the People's Democratic Dictatorship 《論人民民主專政》 “on Coalition Government”《論聯(lián)合政府》

著、罷、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付，相反、準(zhǔn)

注：口訣中的“著”是指著火，“罷”指罷工，“偷”指偷偷地，“公”指出差、辦公事；“假”指休假，“準(zhǔn)”指準(zhǔn)時。

例：The house next to mine was on fire.我鄰居的房子著火了。

The workers of the railway station were on strike.鐵路工人罷工了。Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are on sale on a large sale.新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了。

Do something on the sly(quiet).秘密地(暗地里，偷偷地)做某事。I've come here on business.我是有公事來的。

They went to Bern on a mission.他們到伯爾尼去執(zhí)行一項(xiàng)使命。They have been away on a long trip.他們出去做一次長途旅行。I'll go home on leave next month.下月我將休假回家。

I went on business to Shanghai.I did not take leave.我是公出去上海的，不是不告而別。

She came to see you on purpose.她是專程來看你的。

He came here on purpose to discuss it with you.他到這來是要與你討論這件事的。

“This lunch is on me.”“這頓午飯我付錢?！?“No.let's go Dutch.”“不，還是各付各的?！?/p>

On the contrary, it was very easy to understand.相反，這事兒很容易理解。

P1ease come on time.(on schedule).請準(zhǔn)時來。注：in time 是“及時”的意思。

The train arrived on schedule.火車準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)。特定時間和“一??就”，左右 on 后動名詞

例：Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling.氣體加熱時膨脹，冷卻時收縮。(特定時間)On entering the room, he found his friends dancing in high spirits.一進(jìn)屋，他就發(fā)現(xiàn)他的朋友們在愉快地跳舞。

On reaching the city he called up Lao Yang.一到城里他就給老楊打了一個電話。I'll write to him on hearing from you.我接到你的來信就給他寫信。(一??就)以及 on the left, right 向左向右，on the stair 在臺階上等

第三篇：初中英語介詞用法小結(jié)

初中英語介詞用法小結(jié)

介詞主要是用來表示它后面的名詞或代詞與句中其他某個成分之間的關(guān)系。不能獨(dú)立充當(dāng)句子成分，必須與后面的賓語構(gòu)成介詞短語后才能做句子成分。

一.介詞（短語）語法功能

1.作狀語

介詞（短語）在句子作狀語修飾動詞。表示“時間”，‘‘地點(diǎn)”,‘‘條件”,‘‘方式”或‘‘目的”等。

例如:①She gets up at 6:30 in the morning every day.(表時間)

②There are some books on the desk.(表地點(diǎn))

③People can’t live without air or water.(表?xiàng)l件)

2.作定語介詞短語作定語表示某個關(guān)系，一般放在它所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。例如 The girl in the red skirt is Lucy.(后置定語)

3.作表語

介詞短語作表語時，多放在be 動詞之后。

例如：① She is in the next room.② He is from English.二.常用介詞的用法

1.表示時間的介詞

①in,on,at.in 表示世紀(jì)，年，周，季節(jié)，在上午∕下午∕晚上∕白天等。

例如：in the morningin Mayin 2012in his fortiesin an hour

on 表示確定的時間，某日，某日的上午，下午，晚上，星期幾，或一般節(jié)日等。

例如：on Sundayon a rainy eveningon May 4on the night of May 4on Teachers’

Dayon Children’s Day

at 用于表示時間“點(diǎn)”.夜里.中午及某些詞組中

例如.at 4 o’clockat noonat that timeat the end ofat the age of②by ,until∕till

表示期限時通常用介詞by ,until ∕till

by表示“不遲于”，“在 ……之前”

例如：They had seen four English films by the end of last night.Until ∕till到……為止

在肯定句中謂語動詞要用延續(xù)性動詞。

例如： Iwaited for my mum until she came home.在否定句中，not … until譯成“直到……才”謂語動詞用非延續(xù)性動詞。

例如：I didn’t go to bed until my mum came home.③in ,for ,during ,through

1)in 表示“在。。。時間內(nèi)”“在。。。時間后”

例如 :Do you work in the day time or at night ?

I hear he’ll be back in a week.2)for 后接一段時間，可與多種時態(tài)連用，如與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，謂語動詞只能用延續(xù)性動詞。

例如：She has worked there for 8 years.3)during表示“在。。。期間”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“自始自終”.例如：

4)through =from beginning to end“自始自終”“從頭到尾 ”

例如：Dr.Bethune went on working through the night.注：對“in+時間段”提問用how soon

對“for+ 時間段”提問用 how long

On the+身體硬部位

in the +身體軟部位

④表示時間的起點(diǎn)用since 或from

例如：Tom has worked in the factory since three years ago.From now on ,I will learn English in the morning.⑤in 和after

1)in “在。。。以后”從現(xiàn)在算起，后接時間段，常用于將來時。

例如：We’ll be back in a week.He’ll arrive at Shanghai2)after “在。。。以后”，從過去算起，后接時間段，常用于過去時。

例如：They got there after 8 hours.后接時間點(diǎn)，常用于將來時。

例如：The plane is leaving after nine.2.表示地點(diǎn).位置的介詞

①inontoat

in 在某一范圍之內(nèi)。

例如：Shanghai lies in the east of China.on 表示兩個不同的個體相鄰或接壤。

例如：Hefei lies on the south of Huainan.to表示兩個個體間有一段距離或隔海相望。

例如：Japan is to the east of China.At表示在街道或城鎮(zhèn)。

例如： He lives at 158 JianguoStreet.②inat

in后跟較大地方

例如：He lived in China three years ago.at 后接較小地方

例如：We waited at the gate of the school.③aboveoveron

Above表示位置高于某物不接觸，在其上方任意一點(diǎn)，但不是正上方。其反義詞是below例如：The moon is now above the trees in the east.Over 指正上方,垂直方向。其反義詞是under

例如：There is a bridge over the river.On 在。。。上面，相互接觸。

例如：There is a pen on the desk.特殊用法：on在樹上<本身具有> There are some apples on the tree.in在樹上< 外來物> There are some birds in the tree.3表示方向的介詞：bywithin

by后跟動名詞或抽象化的可數(shù)名詞（其前不用冠詞）意為“用??手段或方法” 例如: He goes to school by bus every day.The old man had to make money by selling vegetables.with表示用工具，借助于某一具體的手段，工具，材料或人體器官。

例如：People here build houses with stones.With the help of my teacher ,I did well in my English.We see with our eyes.in 用材料.語言.聲音等媒介，以??方式.What is this in English ? She said in a loud voice.He wrote the words in red ink.4.to 的兩種用法的區(qū)別

① to+v.(不定式)

例如：to do sth

② to+v-ing(介詞)

例如：look fordward to doing sth

get /be used to doing sth

pay attention todoing sth

make a contribution to doing sth

prefer doing sthto doing sth

6.時間狀語前不用介詞的情況。

當(dāng)morning等詞前有this ,that ,next ,last 等詞修飾時，介詞須省去。下列介詞須省去：

修飾語中心詞

① this /thatmorning/week /year/January/spring② next /lastSunday /week /term/year/spring/May③ tomorrow/yesterday/lastmorning/afternoon/evening

④ the dayafter tomorrow /before yesterday

⑤ after/before/nextthe week /month

第四篇：介詞教案

第一課時：介詞

教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：重要介詞的知識點(diǎn)及用法 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：介詞的運(yùn)用 教學(xué)步驟：

Step1 語法講解

1.At;on;in

①at + 具體時刻：at 3：00

②on + 具體某天（具體某天的上、下午等；星期詞；以及上、下午詞前有修飾詞時）

③in + 年、月、季節(jié)及一天中的某部分

注意：at this / that time at Christmas eg.1.___ the morning

2.___ Monday morning 3.___ a rainy evening 4.___3:50

5.__ 2002

6.___ the morning of April 10 7.___ spring

8.___ night 9.___ this time

10.___ March

另外注意：在時間詞（morning , afternoon , evening;Sunday…）前有l(wèi)ast, next , this , that時，不再用介詞.tomorrow, tonight前也不用介詞。

eg.I will go____(A)to the cinema(B)in(C)this evening.2.in , on , at 表地點(diǎn)：

at一般指小地方；

in一般指大地方或某個范圍之內(nèi)； on往往表示“在某個物體的表面”。eg.1)He arrived ___Shanghai yesterday.2)They arrived ___a small village before dark.3)There is a big hole ____ the wall.4)The teacher put up a picture ____ the wall.3.in , on , to表方位

in(范圍內(nèi))；on(范圍外且接壤)；to(范圍外但不接壤)?？杀硎緸橄旅娴奈恢藐P(guān)系

Eg.1)Taiwan is in the southeast of China.2)Hubei is on the north of Hunan.3)Japan is to the east of China.cross: 動詞“跨過，越過”=go across

4.across:（表面）跨過

through:（內(nèi)部）穿過，貫穿 介詞

eg.1)Can you swim _____ the river?

2)The road runs __________ the forest.3)_____ the bridge, you’ll find a cinema.5.in + 時間段：與將來時連用

after + 時間段：與過去時連用

但after + 時間點(diǎn)：可與將來時連用。

1)I’ll leave _______ three o’clock..That is, I’ll leave ________ about ten minutes.2)They left _______ two weeks.Step3: Summary

Step4: Homework Step5:板書設(shè)計(jì)

教學(xué)反思：

第二課時：介詞

教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：重要介詞的知識點(diǎn)及用法 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：介詞的運(yùn)用 教學(xué)步驟：

Step1 語法講解

1.in the tree(外加在樹上的事物)

on the tree(樹上自身具有的花、果、葉等)

on the wall(墻表面的事物)

in the wall(鑲嵌在墻內(nèi)部的事物)

1)There is a map ___ the wall

2)There are four windows ___ the wall.2.by bike / bus / car / ship(單數(shù)且無冠詞)

但當(dāng)這些交通工具名詞前有其它修飾詞時，則應(yīng)使用相應(yīng)的介詞。

eg.by bike = on a(the;his)bike

by car = in a(the;her)car

on: 在…（表面）上——接觸

3.over: 在…的正上方

above: 在…的斜上方 未接觸

1)The moon rose ______ the hill.2)There is a bridge _____ the river.3)There is a book ______ the desk.4.between: 在（兩者）之間

among :在（三者以上）之間

1)A big crowd of people were waiting for Li Lida on the beach.________ them were his parents.2)Tom sits ________Lucy and Lily.5.on與about : 關(guān)于

on用于較正式的演講、學(xué)術(shù)、書籍等

about用于非正式的談話或隨便提及

eg.He gave a talk ____ the history of the Party

Step3: Summary

Step4: Homework

Step5:板書設(shè)計(jì)

教學(xué)反思：

第三課時：介詞

教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：重要介詞的知識點(diǎn)及用法 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：介詞的運(yùn)用 教學(xué)步驟：

Step1 語法講解

1.in front of :在…前面/方（范圍外）= before

in / at the front of:在……前部（范圍內(nèi)）

1)There is a big tree _______ of the classroom.2)A driver drives _________ of the bus.類似區(qū)別：at the back of與behind 2.with和in: 表示“用“

with: 指“用工具、手、口等”

in: 指“用語言、話語、聲音等”

1)Please write the letter ____ a pen.2)Please speak ____ a loud voice.3.on a farm;in a factory;the girl in the hat;leave for: 動身前往某地 4.一些固定搭配：

（1）介詞與動詞的搭配

listen to , laugh at, get to, look for;

wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spend…on…, 等。

（2）介詞與名詞的搭配

on time, in time, by bus, on foot，with pleasure, on one’s way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。（3）介詞與形容詞的搭配

be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for等。

Step3: Summary

Step4: Homework

Step5:板書設(shè)計(jì)

教學(xué)反思：

第五篇：英語介詞

一、In 介詞 prep.1.(表示位置)在…里面;在, 于;在…部位上

I could feel the tension in the room.我可以感覺到房間里的緊張氣氛。They live in France.他們住在法國。

2.(表示時間)在…時期, 在…之后, 在過程中

In her twenties and thirties she had had no difficulty getting jobs.她在二三十歲時找工作一點(diǎn)也不困難。

I cannot see you now, come back in half an hour.我現(xiàn)在不能見你, 半小時后回來。3.(表示方向)往…內(nèi), 朝…方向

I saw him go in the shop.我看到他走進(jìn)了商店。4.(表示狀態(tài))處于…之中, 在…情況下

Martin was in his pyjamas.馬丁穿著睡衣。

They were living in terrible poverty.他們生活在極度貧困之中。5.(表示方式)用, 以, 按, 乘, 以…形式

They were speaking in Italian.他們在講意大利語。They went up in the lift.他們乘電梯上樓了。6.(表示原因)由于, 為了

He went in fear of his life.他為自己的性命擔(dān)憂, 所以走了。7.(表示領(lǐng)域, 范圍)在…以內(nèi)

It is not in my power to do that.做那事非我力所能及。8.(表示結(jié)果)當(dāng)做, 作為

What did you give him in return?你給他什么作為報答呢? 9.(表示目的)為了

They set off in search of the lost child.他們出發(fā)去尋找走失的孩子。10.[表示職業(yè)、活動等]從事于，參加

11.[表示數(shù)量、程度、比例]按，以；從…中 12.[表示品質(zhì)、能力等]在…之中；在…身上

I don't think he had it in him.我認(rèn)為他沒這個本事。

副詞 adv.1.進(jìn)入, 入內(nèi)

The door being opened, they came in at once.門一打開, 他們就馬上進(jìn)來了。2.在家, 在里面

My wife won't be in until five o'clock.我妻子要到五點(diǎn)鐘才在家。3.到達(dá), 來臨

Is the ship in yet?船到港了嗎? 4.當(dāng)政, 當(dāng)選

This year the Conservative Party is in.今年保守黨執(zhí)政。

5.正當(dāng)時令, 正當(dāng)流行

Honey peaches are in now and we can eat them every day.現(xiàn)在水蜜桃正上市, 我們每天都可以吃到。6.向某處；向某方向；在附近；來到

My mother will fly in this evening.我母親今晚將飛抵這里。7.(火等)燃燒著；(燈等)亮著

Keep the fire in.讓火一直燒著吧。8.(運(yùn)氣等)正好轉(zhuǎn)；(油井)正出油；(潮水)正上漲 9.一致；同意；贊成 10.(游戲、比賽等)輪到 11.在獄中

What crime is he in for?他因什么罪而蹲監(jiān)獄的? 12.流行；時興

Those scarfs are in this year.今年流行那種圍巾。

形容詞 adj.1.在內(nèi)的，在里面的；朝內(nèi)的 2.(車等)到站的；(船等)進(jìn)港的 3.在位的；當(dāng)政的；當(dāng)權(quán)的

4.[口語]流行的；時興的，入時的；趕時髦的

二、On 介詞 prep.1.(表示位置)在…上, 在…旁, 在…身邊

That book on the desk is an atlas.桌上的那本書是地圖冊。2.(表示時間)在…之時

It occurred on the morning of the fifteenth.事情發(fā)生在15號的上午。On arriving home, I was met by my daughter.到家時我的女兒出來迎接我。3.(表示方向)向, 往, 朝;沿著, 順著

They marched on the enemy's fortress.他們向敵人的要塞進(jìn)軍。

We were driving on a California freeway.我們正沿著加利福尼亞的一條快車道駕車行駛。4.(表示狀態(tài))系于, 懸于;附于

A picture hangs on the wall.墻上掛著一幅畫。

He carried a coat on his arm.他手臂上搭著一件外衣。5.(表示方式)乘, 坐, 騎

She will leave on an early train.她將乘早班火車離開。We went to the factory on foot.我們步行到工廠去。6.(表示對象)對, 對于, 碰在, 對…造成困難

There is much to be said on both sides.公說公有理, 婆說婆有理。The car broke down on us.汽車拋錨給我們造成了麻煩。7.(表示原因)由于, 因?yàn)?/p>

The old worker retired on account of age.老工人因年老而退休。8.(表示比較)與…相比

Today's weather is an improvement on yesterday's.今天的天氣比昨天的好。9.(表示方位)在…方位

The town stands on the left bank of the river.該鎮(zhèn)坐落在河的左岸。The post office is on the right.郵局在右邊。

副詞 adv.1.(放, 穿, 連接)上

He has new shoes on.他穿上新鞋。

She put the tablecloth on.她鋪上了臺布。2.向前,(繼續(xù))下去

She worked on quietly all night.她整個晚上默默地繼續(xù)工作。

They walked on a little way without speaking.他們默默無語地向前走了一段路。

名詞 n.1.(發(fā)生、活動等的)情況，狀態(tài)

2.【板球】1).左擊球手右后方場地 2).右擊球手左后方場地 3).側(cè)擊

形容詞 adj.1.活動著的，使用著的，起著作用的，開著的，接通的 2.發(fā)生著的，正發(fā)生的 3.計(jì)劃中的

三、Into 介詞 prep.1.(表示時間)持續(xù)到, 進(jìn)行到

The meeting carried on into the afternoon.會議一直延續(xù)到下午。2.(表示方向)進(jìn)入…中, 到…里

Anney dived into the water.安尼潛入水中。He came into the room.他到房子里面。3.(表示狀態(tài))進(jìn)入…狀態(tài), 欠…債

They burst into laughter.他們突然大笑起來。

He is into me for one hundred yuan.他欠我100元。4.(表示對象)撞上, 滲進(jìn), 非常喜歡 He bumped into me.他撞上了我。

The oil will soak into the wood.油會滲進(jìn)木頭里。She is into music.她喜歡音樂。5.(表示目標(biāo))對著, 朝著

She looked into my eyes.她盯著我的眼睛看。6.(表示結(jié)果)分成, 變成

He sawed the stick into pieces.他把棍子鋸成幾截。Dusk deepened into night.黃昏變成了夜色。

She must be into her thirties by now.她一定30來歲了。7.(表示所屬)輸入

The information goes into a computer.這信息輸入到電腦中。8.(表示過程)從事于

He talked of going into medicine.他談到要學(xué)醫(yī)。9.(表示運(yùn)算)除

Dividing 3 into 6 gives 2.六除以三等于二。

四、To 介詞 prep.1.(表示時間)到, 直到, 在…到來之前, 離…

The Parliament was prorogued to the tenth of February.議會休會到二月十日。2.(表示方向)朝, 往, 通向

He turned to his companion before he replied.他轉(zhuǎn)身朝向他的伙伴然后回答。3.(表示狀態(tài))緊貼著, 緊靠著, 對著

The two lovers danced cheek to cheek.那對情侶臉貼著臉跳舞。4.(表示對象)對, 對于, 對…來說

What will Doris say to it?對此事多麗絲將怎么說呢? 5.(表示比較)比, 相對于

The men are noodles to her.與她相比, 這些男人都是笨蛋。6.(表示方位)在…方向[方位], 處于…順序

Scotland is to the north of England.蘇格蘭在英格蘭之北。7.(表示距離)離, 距離

It is ten kilometres to the station.到車站十公里。

8.(表示目標(biāo))到達(dá), 直到

We came to a picturesque cottage.我們來到一座風(fēng)景如畫的村落。9.(表示結(jié)果)轉(zhuǎn)換為, 轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)? 趨于

Wait until the lights change to green.等交通燈變成綠色再走。10.[表示歸屬]屬于；…的

the key to the classroom教室的鑰匙 11.[表示附加]附加于；加于

add this to the others把這個加在另外幾個上面 12.[表示伴隨]跟著； 伴隨；隨同

She danced to the music.她合著音樂跳舞。13.關(guān)于；就…而言；對于；依…看

What will he say to this?對此他會說什么? 14.適合；合乎；對…的反應(yīng)是

副詞 adv.1.向前

His hat is on wrong side to.他的帽子前后戴歪了。2.(門窗等)關(guān)上；虛掩著

The door was blown to.風(fēng)吹把門關(guān)上了。3.開始；著手

We turned to with a will.我們開始努力干。

4.在附近

We were close to when it happened.事情發(fā)生時我們正在附近。5.蘇醒過來

after he came to在他蘇醒過來以后

五、Of 介詞 prep.1.(表示時間)在…的, 在…之前;在…期間

He was born at the turn of the century.他出生于世紀(jì)之交。What do you do of a Saturday?星期六你干什么? 2.(表示方式)根據(jù)

She did it of her own will.她是自愿這么做的。3.(表示對象)對于, 就…而言

He felt quite certain of success.他對成功很有把握。

4.(表示原因)由于, 因?yàn)?（用于某些形容詞后，后接與感情相關(guān)的人或事）I was sick of their fun and games.他們的嬉鬧讓我厭煩。5.(表示方位)在;位于

New York is east of Washington.紐約在華盛頓以東。6.(表示范圍)在…之中

Tom is the eldest of the family.湯姆是家里年齡最大的。7.(表示結(jié)果)在…方面

The place is easy of access.這地方容易進(jìn)入。8.(表示目的)用于…的

This is a house of prayer.這是一座教堂。9.(表示否定)缺乏, 沒有

They were destitute of necessaries of life.他們?nèi)鄙偕畋匦杵贰?0.屬于（某人）；關(guān)于（某人）

11.屬于（某物）；（某事）部份的；關(guān)于（某物）12.出身于（某背景）；住在（某地）13.關(guān)于，反映（某人或某事）

14.（用于表示性質(zhì)、組成或涵蓋）即，由…組成 15.（用于表示計(jì)量、時間或年齡等）

16.（常用在 some、a few 等詞語之后，表示人或物的所屬）屬于…的 17.（表示人或事的時空位置）在，當(dāng)

18.（用于由動詞轉(zhuǎn)化的名詞之后，of 之后的名詞可以是受動者，也可以是施動者）19.（用于某些動詞后，后接動作所涉及的人或事）20.（用于對某人的行為發(fā)表看法）

21.（用于一個名詞修飾另一個名詞時）

助詞 aux.1.助動詞.[非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用語、方言] =have [主用于虛擬語氣] He should of gone.他該走了吧。

六、At 介詞 prep.1.(表示位置)在, 于;到達(dá), 達(dá)到;經(jīng), 由;在…旁, 靠近;在…里;在…上;在…方位 He was not at his office.他不在辦公室。He was standing at the door.他正站在門邊。2.(表示時間)在, 在…時刻[時辰, 期間, 階段, 時節(jié)];在…歲時 The meeting will open at 15 ∶ 00.會議在下午三點(diǎn)鐘開始。

3.(表示狀態(tài))處于…狀態(tài), 在…情況下;處于最佳（或最差等）狀態(tài)；在全盛（或谷底等）時期 The soldiers are standing at attention.士兵們立正站著。

4.(表示方式)以…的方式;通過一次…的動作

I was there at a bound.我縱身一躍就到了那里。

5.(表示原因)因?yàn)? 由于;(與形容詞連用）因?yàn)椋捎?，對?/p>

We were frightened at the terrible sight.看到這可怕的景象, 我們被嚇呆了。6.(表示距離)從, 在距離…處;在…遠(yuǎn)；從相隔…遠(yuǎn)的地方 I saw it at a distance.我從遠(yuǎn)處看見了它。7.(表示目標(biāo))朝, 向, 對著

He threw the key at me.他把鑰匙丟給我。8.(表示環(huán)境)出席, 參加

I remember him at a banquet on that night.我記得那天晚上他參加了一個宴會。9.(表示方向)在…方面;（與形容詞連用，表示狀況）在…方面

She is good at describing things or expressing ideas.她善于描述事物或表達(dá)思想。10.（用于動詞后，涉及未做成或未做完的事）11.用于速度、比率等）以，達(dá) 12.應(yīng)…（而）；響應(yīng)；回答

名詞 n.1.阿特(老撾輔幣單位；100 阿特 = 1 基普)

七、From 介詞 prep.1.(表示時間)從…, 自…

We've been working from morning to night.我們從早到晚一直工作。2.(表示狀態(tài))從某(位置、狀態(tài)等)開始

He rose from office boy to managing director in ten years.他在十年間由辦公室勤雜員升至總經(jīng)理。3.(表示范圍)從較低限度算起

The jackets are from 35 dollars.這些夾克衫起價是35美元。4.(表示來源)來自…;源于…;從…里取出

I come from the north.我是北方人。

He took a shaving mirror from his bag.他從手提包里拿出一面剃須鏡。5.(表示分離)與…分離[隔開];減去;扣除

The wind blew his hat from his head.風(fēng)將他的帽子從頭上吹走了。Six from fifteen leaves nine.15減6等于9。

6.(表示否定)免于;免遭

Wild fruit kept us from dying of starvation.我們靠著野果才沒被餓死。7.(表示方位)從…;以…為開始方向

Latitudes are the lines that go from east to west.緯線是從東到西的線。8.(表示原因)因?yàn)? 出于

She told him the truth from a sense of loyalty.她告訴他真相是出于忠誠。9.(表示比較)與…相比;與…區(qū)分

She is different from her sister in character.她和她姐姐性格不同。He can tell a fake from the original.他能分辨出贗品和真品。

八、With 介詞 prep.1.(表示關(guān)系)和…在一起

Would you like to go to the street with me?你愿和我一起上街嗎? 2.(表示狀態(tài))具有, 帶有

Many exhibits with characteristics of the Chinese art are on display.許多具有中國藝術(shù)特色的展品陳列出來。

3.(表示方式)用, 以, 藉

The room is cooled with air conditioner.這房間用空調(diào)降溫。4.(表示對象)對…, 關(guān)于

She was always good with the unfortunate.她對不幸的人總是很友好。5.(表示伴隨)與此同時, 隨著

I always rise with the bell.我總是聽到鈴聲就起床。6.(表示讓步)雖然, 盡管

With all his abilities, he failed completely.盡管很能干, 他還是一敗涂地了。7.(表示原因)由于, 因?yàn)?/p>

She flushed with delight.她高興得臉上通紅。

8.(表示態(tài)度)支持, 贊同

Is he with us or against us?他贊成我們還是反對我們? 9.(表示態(tài)度)跟(…對抗)We are struggling with backwardness.我們在和落后現(xiàn)象做斗爭。10.與…對立；反對 11.包括；還有

12.與…方向一致；順著 13.由…持有；由…負(fù)責(zé)

14.為…工作；受雇于；利用…的服務(wù) 15.雖然；盡管

16.在…旁邊；在…附近；在…身邊 17.在…之中；進(jìn)入…之中 18.關(guān)于；就…而言 19.比較而言；與…相比較 20.同樣；完全一樣 21.同意的；和諧的 22.支持；站在…一邊

九、By 介詞 prep.1.(表示位置)在…近旁;在身邊;靠近

On a cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire.在寒冷的夜晚坐在爐火旁邊很舒服。2.(表示時間)不遲于;在…時候

Be here by four o'clock.四點(diǎn)鐘之前到這兒。She should be back by now.她現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該回來了。3.(表示方向)從…中經(jīng)過

They came in by the back door.他們是由后門進(jìn)來的。

4.(表示方式)搭乘, 通過;抓住…;靠, 采取;就…而論;以…稱呼方式;以…的名義;憑著 Are you to go there by bike or by bus?你騎車還是坐車去? You can order tickets by telephone.你可以用電話訂票。He seized her by the arm.他抓住她的手臂。

Man does not live by bread alone.人不能單靠面包生存。

They decided to raise the money by subscription.他們決定采取募捐的辦法來籌集這筆款項(xiàng)。By temperament he was an artist.從氣質(zhì)上看, 他是一位畫家。

They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他們總是以教名互相稱呼。By God he's done it!老天為證, 他確實(shí)做了此事。I did it all by myself!我完全是靠自己做此事的。

5.(表示原因)隨…而來, 由于（置于不帶 the 的名詞前，表示原因）

The meeting will be held in the school hall, by permission of the headmaster.由于有校長的準(zhǔn)許, 會議將在學(xué)校大廳舉行。

6.(表示方位)偏于

The steamer will go west by north.這艘輪船將向西偏北方向航行。7.(表示環(huán)境)借著…光亮

They were playing cards by electric light.他們正借著燈光打牌。8.(表示關(guān)涉)經(jīng)過

I go by the house every day.我每天都要從這棟房子經(jīng)過。9.(表示程度, 數(shù)量)以…之差

We lost the match by one goal.我們以一分之差輸了比賽。10.（常置于表被動的動詞后，表示使為者）11.在…期間；處于某種狀況 12.從…看；依；按照

13.（與 the 連用，表示時間或量度單位）14.（表示速率）

15.（補(bǔ)充有關(guān)出生地、職業(yè)等的信息）16.（起誓時用）以…的名義

17.（表示觸及或抓住的人或物的部份）18.（用于乘除運(yùn)算）19.（表示尺寸時用）

副詞 adv.1.在近旁

He stole the money when no one was by.他趁旁邊無人時把錢偷走了。2.經(jīng)過, 走過

He hurried by without speaking to me.他匆匆經(jīng)過, 沒有跟我說話。Excuse me, I can't get by.抱歉, 請讓我過去。

3.保留（表示保留或保存時用）

I always keep a bottle of wine by in case friends call round.我平時總存放一瓶酒以備朋友來時喝。

4.短暫拜訪

十、for 介詞 prep.1.(表示時間)在(某一特定時間);在…時節(jié);持續(xù)達(dá)

2.(表示方向)向, 朝, 開往

They made a rush for the exit.他們猛然沖向出口處。

3.(表示對象)替, 幫, 給, 為…做準(zhǔn)備, 對, 對于, 對…來說, 在…一方 What can I do for you?我能幫你什么忙嗎? Let me lift that heavy box for you.讓我替你提那只重箱子。You had to be ready for any emergency.你得隨時預(yù)防不測。

This inspired in them a love for learning.這使他們產(chǎn)生了學(xué)習(xí)的熱情。Fortunately for him, he can swim.對他來說幸運(yùn)的是, 他會游泳。He speaks too softly for her to hear.他講話聲音太輕, 她聽不見。

4.(表示原因)因?yàn)? 由于, 作為…的結(jié)果

I'm pretty angry with you for not telling me.由于你沒有告訴我, 我對你很生氣。5.(表示距離)延續(xù)達(dá), 計(jì)有

I followed him for some distance.我跟著他走了一段路程。

6.(表示結(jié)果)當(dāng)做, 作為, 作為…的部分, 就…的條件而言

We can't accept that as a basis for a decision.我們不能同意以此為基礎(chǔ)來做出決定。7.(表示目的)為了…, 適用于

The ship sent out a message for help.船只發(fā)出求救信號。She's the very person for the work.她最適合干這項(xiàng)工作。8.(表示態(tài)度)支持, 贊同, 想要

Are you for the plan or against it?你支持這計(jì)劃還是反對它呢? 9.(表示比率)按…比例, 以…價格, 第…次

I bought this book for ￡3.我買這本書花了三英鎊。

I met them for the second time last week.我上周第二次遇見他們。10.（表示對象、用途等）給，對，供 11.關(guān)于

12.代表 13.受雇于 14.支持；擁護(hù)

15.為得到；為獲取 16.換取

17.就…而言

18.對（某人）來說（困難、必需、愉快等）

連接詞 conj.1.因?yàn)? 由于

Prepare to alight, for we are almost there.我們馬上要到了, 準(zhǔn)備下車吧。

十一、AS 副詞 adv.1.同樣地, 一樣地

She is as tall as her mother.她和她母親一樣高。

The dining room was twice as big as the Tom's.這個餐廳比湯姆的餐廳大一倍。

This is as difficult a problem as you are likely to meet.像這樣的難題, 你可能會碰到。

介詞 prep.1.(表示時間)當(dāng)還是…的時候

As a schoolboy, he showed every sign of genius.當(dāng)他還是個小學(xué)生的時候, 就顯示出了天資聰慧。2.(表示方式)以…的身份, 以…資格, 作為;以…形式, 以作為;以…角色, 扮演…角色;如同, 像 3.(表示結(jié)果)成為, 看作, 看成

We had better treat it as a joke.我們最好把它當(dāng)作玩笑。4.(表示目的)為了, 以…為目的

The dykes were built as a protection against the sea.建筑堤壩是為了防止海水泛濫。5.(表示舉例)例如, 諸如…之類的

We talked about such subjects as the weather.我們談?wù)摿酥T如天氣之類的話題。

連接詞 conj.1.在…期間, 當(dāng)…時候

I was coming in as he was going out.我進(jìn)來的時候, 他正出去。

2.盡管, 即使, 雖然

Intelligent as you are, I suspect you will fail.盡管你聰明, 我猜想你會失敗。3.像…一樣 4.由于, 因?yàn)?/p>

As you weren't there I left a message.因?yàn)槟悴辉谀抢? 我留了個信兒。5.照…方式 6.正如；如同

十二、than 連接詞 conj.1.比(用于比較級)She works better than I.她工作做得比我好。

The roads here are much quieter here than in London.這里的道路比倫敦的安靜多了。2.寧愿…而不愿

I'd rather play football than go swimming.與其去游泳我還不如去踢足球。3.（比較數(shù)量、距離等）多于，小于，少于 4.（表示一事緊跟另一事發(fā)生）就

介詞 prep.1.與…相比

He is the person than whom I can imagine no one more courteous.我想不出一個比他更有禮貌的人。