第一篇：動(dòng)詞和他動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞專(zhuān)題

動(dòng)詞和他動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞：

自動(dòng)詞意味他動(dòng)詞意味

ドアが開(kāi)く(門(mén)開(kāi)了)ドアを開(kāi)ける(打開(kāi)門(mén))

人が集まる(人們聚在一起)人を集める(把人們集合起來(lái))父が起きる(父親起床)父を起こす(叫醒父親)

攜帯が落ちる(手機(jī)丟了)攜帯を落とす(把手機(jī)弄丟了)お金がかかる(費(fèi)錢(qián))お金をかける(花錢(qián))

電気が消える(電燈滅了)電気を消す(把電燈關(guān)掉)

電気が付く(電燈開(kāi)著)電気を付ける(把電燈打開(kāi))

窓が閉まる(窗戶(hù)關(guān)著)窓を閉める(把窗戶(hù)關(guān)掉)

値段が高くなる(價(jià)格上漲了)値段を高くする(提高價(jià)格)

家が建つ(房子落成)家を建てる(蓋房子)

車(chē)が止まる(汽車(chē)停下)車(chē)を止める(把車(chē)停下)

病気が治る(病得到了治愈)病気を治す(治病)

本が並ぶ(書(shū)排列著)本を並べる(排列書(shū)籍)

仕事が終わる(工作結(jié)束)仕事を終える(結(jié)束工作)

富士山が見(jiàn)える(能看見(jiàn)富士山)富士山を見(jiàn)る(看富士山)

音楽が聞こえる(傳來(lái)音樂(lè))音楽を聞く(聽(tīng)音樂(lè))

人がバスに乗る(旅客乘公共汽車(chē))人をバスに乗せる(讓旅客乘公共汽車(chē))本が鞄に入る(書(shū)包里放著書(shū))本を鞄に入れる(把書(shū)放進(jìn)書(shū)包里)

第二篇：自動(dòng)詞和他動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)比較

自動(dòng)詞和他動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)比較

（一）自動(dòng)詞和他動(dòng)詞的意義

自動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞本身能完整地表示主語(yǔ)的某種動(dòng)作的詞。

他動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞需要有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)才能完整地表現(xiàn)主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或作用的詞 例： 風(fēng)が吹く（自動(dòng)詞）彼がタオルを絞る（他動(dòng)詞）

（二）自動(dòng)詞與他動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)與比較

1、只有自動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有相對(duì)應(yīng)的他動(dòng)詞的。如：

居るいる

ある

咲くさく

行く

來(lái)る

寢るねる 泣くなく 眠るねむる 老いるおいる

2、只有他動(dòng)詞而沒(méi)有相對(duì)應(yīng)的自動(dòng)詞的。如：

買(mǎi)う

売る

話す 聞く

読む

書(shū)く

見(jiàn)る

打つ

思う 考える

3、既是自動(dòng)詞又是他動(dòng)詞的。如：

吹く

開(kāi)く

笑う

増す増やす

閉じるとじる

寄せるよせる

4、自動(dòng)詞和他動(dòng)詞的詞干或詞源相同的詞

1）下一段活用的詞大多數(shù)是他動(dòng)詞，其對(duì)應(yīng)的詞是自動(dòng)詞。

自動(dòng)詞

他動(dòng)詞 如：すすむ進(jìn)む

すすめる進(jìn)める

集まる

集める

立つ

立てる

ならぶ並ぶ

ならべる並べる

いたむ痛む

いためる痛める

かたむく傾く

かたむける傾ける

やむ止む

やめる止める

２）サ行五段活用動(dòng)詞大多是他動(dòng)詞，其相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞是自動(dòng)詞。如：

倒れる

倒す 延びる

のばす 燃える

燃やす おきる

おこす 隠れる

隠す 出る

だす 現(xiàn)れる

あらわす 殘る

殘す こぼれる

こぼす

5、五段活用動(dòng)詞與可能助動(dòng)詞連接并約音而成的可能動(dòng)詞都是自動(dòng)詞。如：

書(shū)かれる～～～～書(shū)ける 読まれる～～～～読める 話される～～～～話せる 行かれる～～～～行ける

但如果原來(lái)的五段活用動(dòng)詞是他動(dòng)詞的話沒(méi)，構(gòu)成可能動(dòng)詞后仍有可能作為他動(dòng)詞使用。如：

私は日本語(yǔ)が話せる 也可以說(shuō)成 私は日本語(yǔ)を話せる

6、下面一些表示使役意義的サ行五段活用動(dòng)詞都是他動(dòng)詞 動(dòng)かす～～～～動(dòng)かせる 輝かす～～～輝かせる 働かす～～～働かせる 聞かす～～～聞かせる

注意：他動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)一般都 用助詞「を」表示，但是帶「を」的詞不一定都是他動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。

第三篇：動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

一、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)填空

1.When _____ the first man-made satellite _______（send）up into space ?

2.Last year vegetables ______（grow）in the garden by Tom and he ______（sell）

them himself.3.She ______（help）him with his homework tomorrow evening.4.How many magazines ______（can borrow）in your library every week ?

5.John ______（hear）to go upstairs two hours ago.6.－Who ______（save）her father ?

－He ______（save）by that policeman.7.The doctor ______（send for）because his grandpa was ill.8.Mooncakes ______（make）by his mother every year.______ your mother _____（make）mooncakes for you every year ?

9.Some toys ______（buy）as a presents for these children last Monday.10._____ paper ______（make）of wood ?

11.I began ___________（educate）when I was six.12.I don’t imagine you’ll refuse ___________（promote）, will you?

13.They allowed him __________（admit）.14.You car engine sounds dreadful.You ought to have it ___________.（look at）

15.These days, even the most remote place area on earth ___________（visit）by tourists.Package tours ___________（can arrange）for almost anywhere, from the Himalayas(喜馬拉雅山脈)and the Amazonian jungle(亞馬遜雨林).二、把下列句子改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)They owe a lot of money to the bank.______________________________________________________________ 2 The scientists have proved that there is no life on the moon.______________________________________________________________ 3 You can buy videos like this one anywhere.______________________________________________________________ 4 Someone has to write the history of the European Community one day.______________________________________________________________ 5 Someone may have already written the history of the European Community.______________________________________________________________When we arrived home, we found that someone had broken one of our windows.1

______________________________________________________________ 7 The Greens have sold their car to pay their debts.______________________________________________________________ 8 They hold a meeting in the village hall once a week.______________________________________________________________ 9 The investors are building a new supermarket near the cinema.______________________________________________________________ 10 They are taking the refugees to a camp outside the village

______________________________________________________________

三、改錯(cuò)

1.After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment damaged.2.I can’t see any coffee in this cupboard.Has it all finished.3.More patients had been treated in hospital this year than last year.4.The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945，and their power is increased enormously ever since.5.According to the art dealer, the painting expected to go for at least a million dollars.6.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only to tell the film stars had left.7.When comparing with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.8.The flu is believed being caused by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.9.When first being introduced to the market, these products enjoyed great success.10.Hundreds of jobs will lose if the factory closes.11.A new cinema is built here.They hope to finish it next month.12.Rainforests had been cut and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in near future.13.The story was happened in London.四、漢譯英。

1.這種裙子到處都看得到。

This style of dress _________ ________ ________ everywhere.2.窗子已經(jīng)關(guān)了。

The windows _________ _________ __________.3.我認(rèn)為青少年應(yīng)該多做運(yùn)動(dòng)。

I think teenagers _________ _________ __________ ________

4.昨天有人聽(tīng)到你因?yàn)闆](méi)考好哭了。

You ________ ________ _____ yesterday because you failed the exam.5.運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將在下周召開(kāi)。

The sports meeting _________ _________ _______ next week.這座宮殿建于1875年。

The palace ___________ _________ __________ 1875.足球?qū)⒈荣愂裁磿r(shí)候舉行？

When __________ the football game __________ __________?你應(yīng)該自己做家庭作業(yè)。

Your homework _________ _________ _________ by _________.9這本書(shū)肯定是韓寒寫(xiě)的The book _________ ________ __________ ________ Han Han.說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)的人最多。

Chinese _________ _________ _________ most people in the world.據(jù)說(shuō)，她能說(shuō)幾種外國(guó)語(yǔ)。

_________________________________________________________________ 12 這個(gè)問(wèn)題明天上午討論嗎？

_________________________________________________________________ 13 必須指出臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題是中國(guó)的內(nèi)政（internal affairs）

_________________________________________________________________

五、語(yǔ)法填空

HOW THE OTHER HALF LIVES

Lord Manners was a rich and famous banker.When he 1__________(die)recently, he 2__________(give)a magnificent funeral which 3__________(attend)by hundreds of famous people.The funeral was going to 4__________(hold)in Westminster Abby.Many ordinary people 5__________(line)the streets to watch the procession.The wonderful black and gold carriage 6__________(draw)by six black horses.The mourners 7__________(follow)in silence.Lord Manners8___________(given)a royal farewell.Tow tramps were among the crowd.They 9__________(watch)the procession with amazement.As solemn music 10_________(could hear)in the distance, one of them 11_________(turn)to the other and 12_________（whisper）

3admiration，’Now that’s what I call really living!’

六、完形填空

FISHY TALES

Mermaids（美人魚(yú)）1_____by sailors for centuries.The basis of all mermaid myths 2_____ to be a creature called a Manatee: a kind of walrus!Mermaids used 3_____ in funfairs until recently.It all began in 1817 when a ‘mermaid’ 4_____ for $6,000 by a sailor in the South Pacific.She was eventually sold to the great circus owner Barnum.She 5_____in 1842 as ‘the Feejee Mermaid’.It 6_____that she earned Barnum $ 1,000 a week!The thousands who saw this mermaid must 7_____.She 8_____ by a Japanese fisherman.A monkey’s head had been delicately（精美地）sewn(縫)to the tail（燕尾服）of a large salmon.The job 9_____ that the join between the fish and the monkey was invisible.Real imagination must 10_____ to see this revolting creature as a beautiful mermaid combing her golden hair.1.A.had been seenB.saw

C.have been seenD.was saw

2.A.supposeB.is supposed

C.had supposedD.have been supposed

3.A.to be shownB.to show

C.shownD.being shown

4.A.has been boughtB.bought

C.had been boughtD.was bought

5.A.has been exhibitedB.was exhibited

C.had been exhibitedD.exhibited

6.A.was saidB.said

C.has been saidD.had said

7.A.had been disappointedB.disappointed

C.have been disappointedD.were disappointed

8.A.was cleverly madeB.have been cleverly made

C.is cleverly madeD.was being cleverly made

9.A.was being so skillful doneB.have been so skillful done

C.is so skillful doneD.had been so skillful done

10.A.have requiredB.have been required

C.be requiredD.require

第四篇：動(dòng)詞比較級(jí)

不規(guī)則形容詞比較等級(jí)的形式變化 good-----better------best

好的

well------better------best

身體好的 bad------worse------worst

壞的 ill--------worse-------worst

病的 many--------more------most

許多 much------more--------most

許多 few------less-------least

少數(shù)幾個(gè) little-------less------least

少數(shù)一點(diǎn)兒

far------further------furthest

更進(jìn)一步，程度 far------farther------farthest

更遠(yuǎn)，路程

old-------older------oldest

年老的（指年紀(jì)）

old------elder-------eldest

年老的（指兄弟姐妹的排行）2)規(guī)則變化

單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞，加詞尾-er，-est來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。構(gòu)成法

原級(jí)

比較級(jí)

最高級(jí)

1.一般單音節(jié)詞

tall(高的)

taller tallest未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的)greater greatest

以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾 nice(好的)

nicer nicest的單音詞和少數(shù)

large(大的)larger largest 2.以-le結(jié)尾的雙 able（有能力的)abler ablest音節(jié)詞只加-r,-st

3.以一個(gè)輔音字母 big(大的)

bigger biggest結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)單 hot熱的)

hotter hottest音節(jié)詞，雙寫(xiě)結(jié)尾的輔音字母，再加-er，-est

4.“以輔音字母+y” easy(容易的)easier easiest結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，busy(忙的)

busier busiest改y為i，再加-er，-est

5.少數(shù)以-er，-ow clever(聰明的)cleverer cleverest結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞 narrow(窄的)narrower narrowest未尾加-er，-est

6.其他雙音節(jié)詞和 important(重要的)多音節(jié)詞，在前

more important面加more，most

most important來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和 easily(容易地)最高級(jí)。

more easily

most easily

比較級(jí)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)通常是：

什么 + 動(dòng)詞be(am , is , are)+ 形容詞比較級(jí) + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：

I’m taller and heavier than you.（我比你更高和更重。）

An elephant is bigger than a tiger.（一只大象比一只老虎更大。）

☆注意

比較的兩者應(yīng)該是互相對(duì)應(yīng)的可比較的東西。

典型錯(cuò)誤：My hair is longer than you.（我的頭發(fā)比你更長(zhǎng)。）

比較的兩者是我的頭發(fā)、你（整個(gè)人），那么比較的對(duì)象就沒(méi)有可比性。

應(yīng)該改為：My hair is longer than yours.或My hair is longer than your hair.練習(xí)

()1 Which do you like ___, tea or coffee? A.well B.better C.best D.Most()2 This work is ____ for me than for you.A.difficult B.most difficult C.much difficult D.more difficult()3 Which do you think tastes ____, the chicken or the fish? A.good B.better C.best D.Well()4 The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was once A.higher B.highest C.high too D.more high()5 Don't you think it ______ not to write the letter? A.well , B.better C.best D.Good

（一）寫(xiě)出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)形式：long_____ ______

wide ______ _______ fat ____ _____heavy____ ______

slow ______ _______ few____ _____bright______ _____ badly _____ _______ far____ _____many_____ ______

happy_____ ______(二)用所給詞的正確形式填空： 3.Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______(fat)than before after the summer holidays.5.He is ______(bad)at learning maths.He is much _______(bad)at Chinese and he is the

_________(bad)at English.7.Annie says Sally is the ________(kind)person in the world.8.He is one of the_________(friendly)people in the class, I think.9.Sue is a little ___________________(beautiful)than her sister.10.My room is not as _________(big)as my brother' s.11.--How difficult is physics?--I' m not sure.(difficult)than maths?--I don' t think so.--Is it ___________________

15.--Annie plays the piano very ___________(well).than Annie.And Sally plays it the __________(well).--Sue plays it _____(well)

1、從方框中選出合適的單詞完成句子

heavy tall long big

(1)How

is the Yellow River?(2)How

is Mr Green? He’s 175cm.(3)How

are your feet? I wear size 18.(4)How

is the fish? It’s 2kg.2、根據(jù)句意寫(xiě)出所缺的單詞

(1)I’m 12 years old.You’re 14.I’m

than you.(2)A rabbit’s tail is

than a monkey’s tail.(3)An elephant is

than a pig.(4)A lake is

than a sea.(5)A basketball is

than a football.3、根據(jù)中文完成句子.(1)我比我的弟弟大三歲.I’m

than my brother.(2)這棵樹(shù)要比那棵樹(shù)高.This tree

than that one.(3)你比他矮四厘米.You are

than he.(4)誰(shuí)比你重?

than you？

4、根據(jù)答句寫(xiě)出問(wèn)句

(1)

I’m 160 cm.(2)

I’m 12 years old.(4)

Amy’s hair is 30 cm long.

第五篇：離合動(dòng)詞

常見(jiàn)離合動(dòng)詞

見(jiàn)面幫忙睡覺(jué)洗澡生氣操心灰心打架

報(bào)仇吃虧嘆氣倒霉出事辭職畢業(yè)結(jié)婚

離婚帶頭請(qǐng)客敬酒加油鼓掌送禮出差

唱歌跳舞談話聊天吃飯上課

練習(xí)

1他_____走進(jìn)來(lái)

A唱著歌B唱歌著

2昨天晚上太熱了，我______

A只睡了三個(gè)小時(shí)覺(jué)B只睡覺(jué)了三個(gè)小時(shí)C只三個(gè)小時(shí)睡覺(jué) 3我們?cè)?jīng)請(qǐng)他來(lái)_____

A幫忙過(guò)兩次B幫過(guò)兩次忙C幫兩次忙過(guò)

4明天有時(shí)間的話，請(qǐng)你_____

A幫忙我一個(gè)B幫一個(gè)我忙C幫我個(gè)忙

5說(shuō)到傷心處，他不禁_____

A嘆氣一口了B嘆了一口氣C嘆氣了一口

6這次他_____

A吃虧了很大B吃虧很大了C吃了很大虧

7父母把我們養(yǎng)大，不知為我們

A操了多少心B操心了多少C操多少心了

8他們倆剛才又_____

A打架起來(lái)了B打起架來(lái)了C打架了起來(lái)

9聽(tīng)說(shuō)上個(gè)月_____

A小王和小張訂婚了B小王訂婚了小張C小王訂的婚小張 10他去年_____

A畢業(yè)了大學(xué)B大學(xué)畢業(yè)了

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