第一篇：2012年高考英語《情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣》教案
《情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣》教案
一、教學目標
1、情態(tài)動詞的常見考點；
2、虛擬語氣的常見考點。
二、教學重難點
1、教學重點：情態(tài)動詞的常見考點；虛擬語氣的常見考點。
2、教學難點：虛擬語氣的常見考點。
三、教學過程
（一）問題排行榜（Hit the charts）
1、情態(tài)動詞的常見考點都有哪些？
2、虛擬語氣的常見考點都有哪些？
（二）攻克難點（Overcome difficulties）
情態(tài)動詞與虛擬語氣是高中語法學習的難點和重點。高考英語完成句子對情態(tài)動詞的考查主要涉及常見情態(tài)動詞的基本用法，特別側重于情態(tài)動詞表推測的用法和特殊結構中情態(tài)動詞的應用。
高考完成句子對虛擬語氣的考查重點在于根據句子的語境靈活多樣地運用虛擬語氣，賓語從句中虛擬語氣的應用，交際用語中為表委婉而使用的虛擬語氣，含蓄條件句中的虛擬語氣，以及特殊句型中的虛擬語氣等。
五年高考已考測試點：情態(tài)動詞與完成式；賓語從句、同位語從句、條件句中的虛擬語氣；情態(tài)動詞的推測功能；should/can等情態(tài)動詞的基本用法。
1、情態(tài)動詞的常見考點都有哪些？ 考點一 情態(tài)動詞與完成式
“情態(tài)動詞＋have＋過去分詞 ”結構是情態(tài)動詞專項考查的難點和重點，記住以下最?？疾榈慕Y構： ①must have done 過去一定做了某事
②can’t/couldn’t have done 過去不可能做了某事 ③may/might have done 過去可能做了某事
④needn’t have done本來沒有必要做而實際做了某事 ⑤could have done本來能夠做而實際沒有做某事
⑥should/ought to have done本來應該做而實際沒有做某事
⑦shouldn't/oughtn't to have done本來不該做而實際做了某事 考點二 情態(tài)動詞的推測功能
can，could，may，might，must 皆可表示推測，使用時要注意以下幾點：
① 注意語氣。語氣較強用must, cannot，couldn't；語氣較弱may，might或can，could;② 注意句式。在肯定句中，一般用may，might，must；在否定句、疑問句中常用can，could；
③ 注意時態(tài)。表示對現在或將來的情況的推測，此時通常用“情態(tài)動詞＋ 動詞原形”結構；表示對現在或將來正在進行的情況進行推測，通常用“情態(tài)動詞＋進行式”結構；表示對過去情況的推測，通常用“情態(tài)動詞＋完成式”結構。
考點三 shall的三種用法
① 表說話人的意圖。在陳述句中主語是第二﹑三人稱，表說話者給對方的承諾﹑決心﹑警告、威脅等。
②征求對方的意見或向對方提出請求時，主語為第一、三人稱的疑問句。③表示強制。用于法令條約、規(guī)章中，意為“必須，應該”?？键c四 一些情態(tài)動詞的特殊用法
1.①cannot(never等否定詞)?too＝cannot?adj./adv.enough 再??也不為過
②can’t(help/choose)but do? 只好做/不得不做?? ③can't help(to)do不能幫忙做 ④can't help doing情不自禁做 ⑤can't/couldn't agree more 十分贊成 ⑥it can't/couldn't be better 十分好，非常好 2.① may 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
② may well完全能，很可能=to be very likely to ③ might/ may as well最好，滿可以，倒不如，還是??的好
3.must有時表示 “偏要，偏偏”，也可作名詞，意為“必須做的事情”。4.should可作“竟然、萬一”解。Why/How+should結構表說話人對某事不能理解，感到意外、驚異等，意為“竟會”。
5.dare作情態(tài)動詞時，還可用于條件句中，過去式為dared；作行為動詞時，dare用于疑問句或否定句，后面的to也可省略；I dare say是習慣說法，意為“我想，大概”。
2、虛擬語氣的常見考點都有哪些？ 考點一 虛擬語氣的基本用法
①與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣，基本結構為：主語＋should/would/could?＋動詞原形＋其他成分＋if＋主語＋動詞的一般過去時(be動詞用were)＋其他成分。
②與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，基本結構為：主語＋should/would/could?＋have done＋其他成分＋if＋主語＋動詞的過去完成時＋其他成分。③與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣，基本結構為：主語＋should/would/could?＋動詞原形＋其他成分＋if＋主語＋動詞的一般過去時/should do/were to do＋其他成分?？键c二 含蓄虛擬條件句
這樣的虛擬句不含有代替。
考點三 主從句時間不一致的虛擬條件句
在有些虛擬條件句中，主從句時間不一致，應根據不同情況區(qū)別對待?？键c四 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣
在含有表示堅持、建議、命令、要求等含義的名詞性從句和在it作形式賓語或形式主語的復合句中，賓語補足語是necessary/strange/essential/natural/a pity/a shame等表示“驚奇、惋惜或者理應如此”等含義時，從句中的謂語動詞需用“should＋動詞原形”，其中should可以省略。
考點五 wish/if only/would rather從句中的虛擬語氣
wish，would rather引導的賓語從句及if only所引導的從句，須用虛擬語氣，即從句用一般過去時(be用were)表示與現在或將來的事實不符；從句用過去完成時，表示與過去事實不符。
（三）方法列舉（List methods）
1、虛擬語氣
考點一 虛擬語氣的基本用法 1.與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣，例如：
If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.might not
if從句，而是以but for/with/without/but/or/otherwise等介詞、副詞、連詞等等引導的句子來
2.與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，例如：
If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic.But it ______ all day.A.rained B.rains C.has rained D.is raining 3.與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣，例如：
If I ______ plan to do anything I want to，I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.A.would B.could C.had to D.ought to 考點二 含蓄虛擬條件句
Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we ______ it without you.A.can manage B.could have managed C.could managed D.can have managed 考點三 主從句時間不一致的虛擬條件句
It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A.wouldn’t have fallen B.had not fallen C.should fall D.were to fall 考點四 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣
—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York？
—I agree，but the problem is ______ he has refused to.A.will not be sent;that B.not be sent;that C.should not be sent;what D.should not send;what 考點五 wish/if only/would rather從句中 的虛擬語氣 Look at the trouble I’m in，if only I ______ your advice！A.followed B.would follow C.had followed D.should follow
2、情態(tài)動詞
考點一 情態(tài)動詞基本含義的考查
①The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______get out.A.had to B.would
C.was able to D.could ②When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.—They ______be ready by 12:00.A.can B.should C.might D.need ③You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ______be so rude to a lady.A.might B.need C.should D.would 考點二 情態(tài)動詞表示推測的考查
①Sorry, I’m late.I______have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A.might B.should C.can D.will ②My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,so he______your lecture.A.couldn’t have attended B.needn’t have attended C.mustn’t have attended D.shouldn’t have attended
③Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How ______it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? A.can B.should C.may D.must ④I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter? —It ______true because there was little snow there.A.may not be B.won’t be C.couldn’t be D.mustn’t be 考點三 情態(tài)動詞表示虛擬的考查
①There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party.You______come, but why didn’t you? A.must have B.should C.need have D.ought to have ②I was really anxious about you.You ______home without a word.A.mustn’t leave B.shouldn’t have left C.couldn’t have left D.needn’t leave
③Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach.I ______so much fried chicken
just now.A.shouldn’t eat B.mustn’t have eaten C.shouldn’t have eaten D.mustn’t eat 考點四 情態(tài)動詞與助動詞混合考查
①Tom ,you didn’t come to the party last night? —I______, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.A.had to B.didn’t C.was going to D.wouldn’t
②Your phone number again? I______quite catch it.—It’s 86184867.A.didn’t B.couldn’t C.don’t D.can’t
（四）能力拓展（Develop skills）
1、【2011全國卷,32】They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A.will B.can C.must D.should 【答案】D 【考點】考查虛擬語氣的用法。
【解析】句意為“他們本該午飯時到達，但他們的航班推遲了。”will have done將來可以完成；can have done可能做過??嗎？表示對過去行為的懷疑，用于疑問句；must have done一定做過某事，表示對過去事情的肯定推測；should have done本來應該做某事，而實際沒做。but their flight was delayed這樣的結果，說明他們本來該到達卻沒有到達，因此選D。
2、【2011全國卷II,8】If you smoke, please go outside.A.can B.should C.must D.may 【答案】C 【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。
【解析】句意為“如果你非得要抽煙，請到外面去抽?！眒ust(表示主張)一定要，堅持要。根據后一句please go outside的要求，選C。
3、【2011北京卷,24】——I don’t really like James.Why did you invite him? ——Don’t worry.He come.He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.A.must not B.need not C.would not D.might not 【答案】D
【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。
【解析】句意為“——我真不喜歡James。你為何請了他？——別擔心。他可能來不了。他說他的計劃還沒安排好?！鳖}干中的he wasn’t certain說明他可能不來，可能來，因此使用不完全否定might not。選D。
4、【2011北京卷,28】——Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.——I wish they always late.A.weren’t B.hadn’t been C.wouldn’t be D.wouldn’t have been 【答案】A 【考點】考查虛擬語氣的用法。
【解析】句意為“——孩子們哪兒去了？這頓飯快要吃不起來了?！业杆麄儾灰鲜沁t到?！眞ish引出虛擬語氣，題干中出現always，從句虛擬使用一般過去時。選A。
5、【2011北京卷,30】Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A.studied B.would study C.had studied D.was studying 【答案】C 【考點】考查虛擬語氣的用法。
【解析】句意為“或許當初我要是學了理科而不是文科，現在就能給你更多的幫助?！眛hen表示過去的時間，if引導的從句是對過去的虛擬，因此使用過去完成時。選C。
6、【2011天津卷,15】I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.A.had come B.was coming C.would come D.would have come 【答案】D 【考點】考查虛擬語氣的用法。
【解析】句意為“我本來可以早點來，但我真不知道他們在等我?！眀ut I didn’t know表示了過去時間，因此前句是對過去的虛擬，用主語+should / would / could / might + have done表達，故選D。
7、【2011上海春招,27】Some young people these days just ______ go out of their homes to contact the real world.A.mustn’t B.won’t C.mightn’t D.shouldn’t 【答案】B
【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。
【解析】句意為“現在一些年輕人就是不愿意走出家門接觸真正的世界。”mustn’t禁止，不允許；won’t不愿意，就是不，偏不，具有主觀性；mightn’t可能不；shouldn’t不應該。根據句意選B。
8、【2011江蘇卷,34】——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.——How unbelievable to get it back!I mean, someone ______ it.A.will have stolen B.might have stolen C.should have stolen D.must have stolen 【答案】B 【考點】考查虛擬語氣的用法。
【解析】句意為“——我把我的手提包落在火車上了。但幸運的是，有人拾到交給了鐵路部門。——失而復得，簡直難以置信！我是說，本來可能有人會偷了去?！眞ill have done將來可以完成，must have done一定做過某事，表示對過去事情的肯定推測，都與題意不符。should have done本來應該做某事，而實際沒做，這就意味著希望有人偷包。might have stolen 過去可能做過，語氣比較婉轉或不肯定，根據句意選B。
（五）小結
（六）課后作業(yè)
1、復習一遍課堂摘記。
2、完成課堂尚未完成的練習。
3、復習情態(tài)動詞的常見考點和虛擬語氣的常見考點。
第二篇：高一英語情態(tài)動詞與虛擬語氣
高一英語情態(tài)動詞與虛擬語氣
選擇題 1．A．can’t
． B．couldn’t
C．may not
D．might not ．
D．had been broken D．can’t;shouldn’t
2．A．breaks 3． B．has broken．C．were broken
．
A．won’t;can’tB．mustn’t;may C．shouldn’t;must
4．--Shall I tell John about it?
I’ve told him already． B．wouldn’t
C．mustn’t
D．shouldn’t
A．needn’t5．--Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?
．
B．would B．would
C．was going to
C．could
D．did get out． D．was able to
A．hadA．had to
6．7．--When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon．
--They________ be ready by 12:00． A．can
B．shouldC．mightD．need
8．Peter_______ come with me tonight, but he’s not sure yet．
A．mustB．mayC．canD．will 9．--Will you stay for lunch?
--Sorry,________．My brother is coming to see me． A．I mustn’t
B．I can’t
C．I needn’t
D．I won’t
10．--Are you coming to Jeff’s party?
--I’m not sure．I_______ go to the concert instead． A．must
B．would
C．should
D．might
11．The two strangers talked as if they _______ friends for years．
—1—
A．should be
--Of course． B．would beC．have beenD．had been 12．--The room is so dirty, ________we clean it?
A．WillB．Shall
A．needn’tC．WouldD．Do 13．Michael_______ be a policeman, for he’s much too short． B．can’tC．shouldD．may
14．--Could I call you by your first name?
--Yes, you________．
A．willB．could
license________ take an eye test．
A．canB．mustC．wouldD．may
D．should C．mayD．might 15．According to the local regulations, anyone who intends to get a driver’s 16．I should have been there, but I ______not find the time． A．wouldB．couldC．might
17．--Write to me when you get home．--_______．
D．I can A．I mustB．I shouldC．I will
ceremony? 18．Mr Bush is on time for everything．How ________it be that he was late for the opening
A．canB．shouldC．mayD．must
19．You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman_______be so rude to a lady.A．mightB．needC．shouldD．would
20．--I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins．_________I have a look?--Yes, certainly．
A．DoB．MayC．ShallD．Should
21．--Is John coming by train?
--He should, but he________not．He likes driving his car．
A．mustB．canC．need
papers have been collected．
—2— D．may 22．It has been announced that candidates_________remain in their seats until all the
A．canB．willC．mayD．shall
23．Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter_______ go and do the opposite!
A．mayB．canC．mustD．should
24．--I hear they went skiing in the mountains last winter．
--It_______ true because there was little snow there．
A．may not beB．won’t beC．couldn’t beD．mustn’t be
25．A left-luggage office is a place where bags__________ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station．
A．shouldB．canC．mustD．will
26．How_________ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?
A．canB．mustC．needD．may
27．--Who is the girl standing over there?
--Well, if you______ know, her name is Mabel．
A．mayB．canC．mustD．shall
28．“The interest_________ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge．
A．mayB．shouldC．mustD．shall
29．--I don’t mind telling you what I know．
--You_________.I’m not asking you for it．
A．mustn’tB．may notC．can’tD．needn’t
30．I________ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday．
A．shouldB．mightC．wouldD．could
31．I often see lights in that empty house．Do you think I_______ report it to the police?
A．shouldB．mayC．willD．can
32．--Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report．
--You________ have my computer if you don’t take care of it．
A．shan’tB．might notC．needn’tD．shouldn’t
33．--Excuse me ．Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
—3—
--Sorry, I am not sure．But it________be．
A．mightB．willC．mustD．can
34．--Mum , I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock．_________ I go out and play with Tom for a while.--No, I’m afraid not ．Besides , it’s raining outside now ．
A．Can’tB．Wouldn’tC．May notD．Won’t
35．Children under 12 years of age in that country________be under adult supervision when in a public library．
A．mustB．mayC．canD．need
36．--Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
--No, it__________be him--I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses．
A．can’tB．must notC．won’tD．may not
37．You ________ be tired--you’ve only been working for an hour．
A．must notB．won ’t beC．can’tD．may not
38．--Tom graduated from college at a very young age．
--Oh, he________have been a very smart boy then．
A．couldB．shouldC．mightD．must
39．You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ______ not like the design of the furniture．
A．mustB．shallC．mayD．need
40．Tom, you___________leave all your clothes on the floor like this!
A．wouldn’tB．mustn’tC．needn’tD．may not
D．Need 41．John, look at the time．___________you play the piano at such a late hour?A．MustB．CanC．May
it________ be very slow．
A．shouldB．mustC．willD．can 42．The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because
43．--Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary．
--She_________．I’ve already borrowed one．
—4—
A．can’tB．mustn’tC．needn’tD．shouldn’t
44．--I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake．
--It_______Harry’s．He always wears green．
A．has to be
A．can’tB．will beC．mustn’t beD．could be 45．You know he is not going to let us leave early if we_______get the work done． B．may notC．shouldn’tD．mustn’t
46．--What’s the name?
--Khulaifi．________I spell that for you?
A．Shall
A．can’tB．WouldC．CanD．Might 47．There’s no light on--they_______be at home． B．mustn’tC．needn’tD．shouldn’t
48．--Mr Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon．Don’t you forget it!
--OK, I_________．
A．won’tB．don’tC．willD．do
49．--Is Jack on duty today?
--It_________be him．It’s his turn tomorrow．
A．mustn’tB．won’tC．can’tD．needn’t
50．--I think I’11 give Bob a ring．
--You________．You haven’t been in touch with him for ages．
A．will
A．needB．mayB．mustC．have toC．shouldD．shouldD．can 51．We hope that as many people as possible_________join us for the picnic tomorrow．
52．Some aspects of a pilot’s job________be boring, and pilots often___________work at inconvenient hours．
A．can;have to
C．have to;may
53．--May I smoke here?
--If you________, choose a seat in the smoking section．
—5—B．may;can D．ought to;must
A．should
A．can
tough task．B．couldC．mayD．must 54．--Could I have a word with you, mum?B．must--Oh dear, if you______． C．mayD．should 55．Black holes ________ not be seen directly,so determining the number of them is a
A．canB．shouldC．mustD．need
56．--How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
--It_________be, but it is now heavily polluted．
A．willB．wouldC．shouldD．must
57．In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you_______take care of your luggage．
A．canB．mayC．mustD．will
58．My MP4 player isn’t in my bag．Where _________ I have put it?
A．canB．mustC．shouldD．would
59．As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area________．
A．need repairing
C．needs repairingB．needs to repairD．need to repair
60．The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we________go to work tomorrow．
A．can’tB．mustn’tC．needn’tD．shouldn’t
61．-What does the sign over there read?
--“No person_______smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area．”
A．willB．mayC．shallD．must
62．--What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
--You___________do anything except to be with them and be yourself．
A．don’t have toB．oughtn’t toC．mustn’tD．can’t
63．--Turn off the TV, Jack．_________your homework now?
--Mum, just ten more minutes, please．
A．Should you be doing
B．Shouldn’t you be doing D．Will you be doing C．Couldn’t you be doing
—6—
第三篇：2010高考二輪復習英語學案——專題七 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣
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SUNIONG2010高考二輪復習英語學案
專題七 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣
【典例精析】
1.（2007 全國卷II，8）_______ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.A.If
B.Since
C.Though
D.When 【解析】A 有題干可知，“若不是他傷了腿，約翰就能贏得比賽了”，運用了虛擬語氣，故用if。
2.（2008山東卷, 24）Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we ____ it without you.A.can manage
B.could have managed C.could manage
D.can have managed 【解析】 B 此題考查情態(tài)動詞表示虛擬意義的用法。I don’t think…是否定前移。意為：我認為沒有你我們本不能做成這件事的。此題關鍵是要根據句意知道是虛擬語氣，其基本形式是情態(tài)動詞（過去式）+have done,所以其他選項皆可排除?！敬鸢浮緽
3（09福建）.But for the help of my English teacher, I____the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A.would not win B.would not have won C.would win D.would have won 【答案】B 虛擬語氣。此處虛擬語氣表示與過去事實相反，句子謂語動詞用would/should/could/might + have done結構，故選B。
4.（09湖南）— It’s the office!So you _____ know eating is not allowed here.— Oh, sorry.A.must
B.will
C.may
D.need 【解析】A 句意為：這是辦公室！因此你必須知道吃的不允許帶到這里。must表示“絕不”的意思。
5.（09海南）What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There _____ be twelve A.should
B.would
C.will
D.shall 【答案】A。你這是什么意思，只有十張票嗎?應該有十二人。should表示“應該，應當”。6.（09上海）It_____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.全力打造最優(yōu)秀的學科網站，您的需要就是我們努力的方向！陽光教學資源網 http://004km.cn 搜集，僅供學習和研究使用！
A.may
B.can
C.must
D.should 【解析】C 考查情態(tài)動詞的基本用法。此處表示肯定性較強的猜測，故答案選C。7.（09四川）—I don’t care what people think.—Well, you _______ A.could
B.would
C.should
D.might 【解析】C考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。答話的人提了一個建議——你應該關注別人對你的評價的。should可以用來向別人提建議，所以答案為：C 8.（09天津）This printer is of good quality.If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.A.would
B.should
C.could
D.might 【解析】B 考查虛擬語氣中的情態(tài)動詞用法。表示對將來情況的虛擬假設，條件從句可以用should+v.原形；
9.（09重慶）—Hi, Tom.Any idea where Jane is? —She_____in the classroom.I saw her there just now.A.shall be
B.should have been
C.must be D.might have been 【答案】C 考查情態(tài)動詞表示猜測的用法。由后面的just now暗示現在一定在教室推知對現在情況的猜測，故答案為C.10.（09全國2）I can’t leave.She told me that I______stay here until she comes back.A.can
B.must
C.will
D.may 【解析】B 考查情態(tài)動詞的基本用法。由前面的I can’t leave.推知我必須呆在這里，故答案為B。
11.（09江蘇）11.He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he____ it differently.A.could express
B.would express C.could have expressed
D.must have expressed 【解析】C 考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。由前面的后悔表示做過啦，故后面的意思為本能夠表達的不同，答案為C符合。
【專題突破】情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣密不可分，情態(tài)動詞表示推測的考查，虛擬語氣中對情態(tài)動詞的考查，這些都是需要注意的地方，要想突破，可以從語境、語義、說話者的語氣等方面著手，具體說：
1.根據時間確定時態(tài)、時間段
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即要分清情態(tài)動詞表推測時涉及的是現在情況還是過去情況。原則上說，若對現在情況進行推測，情態(tài)動詞后接動詞原形或進行式；若對過去情況進行推測，則后接動詞的完成式(這通常是高考的重點)；若是對正在發(fā)生的情況進行推測，后接動詞的進行式；判斷出時間段套用現在、過去、將來虛擬語氣的句式。2.充分利用句子語境、語義
綜觀歷年高考英語情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣的考查情況，有相當一部分考題從本質上看都是在考查情態(tài)動詞在具體語境、語義中的運用，即只要考生能弄清各個被考查情態(tài)動詞的意思，就可作出正確選擇。3.注意分清適用句型
即要分清所考查的情態(tài)動詞是用于肯定句型，還是用于疑問句型或否定句型，同時還要注意情態(tài)動詞在某些特殊情況下所使用的特殊句型。
4.弄清說話者的語義、語氣推斷屬于哪個時間段的情況，正確把握隱含、混合等虛擬語氣。5.掌握固定句式，從固定句式著手，套用虛擬語氣句型。1.—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.—Thanks.You _________it.I could manage it myself.A.needn’t do
C.mustn’t do
B.needn’t have done
D.shouldn’t have done
【解析】B 句子的語境是：“我自己能做”，所以“你本不必做的”。選A還是B呢？根據前面一句中的 have cleaned 可知，動作已經發(fā)生，所以此處談論的是一個過去情況，故選 needn’t have done。
2.This cake is very sweet.You _________ a lot of sugar in it.A.should put
B.could have put C.might put
D.must have put 【解析】D前文說“蛋糕很甜”，下文的語境顯然應該是“你一定是在里面放了很多糖”，故用“must+完成式”表示對過去情況的肯定推測。
3.—The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.— Oh, dear!She _________ a lot of difficulties!
A.may go through
B.might go through C.ought to have gone through
D.must have gone through 【解析】D由上文的stayed可知，此題是對過去情況有把握的肯定推測。句意為“那個女生物學家呆在非洲研究野生動物13年才回來。”“天??！她一定經歷了不少苦難！”
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4.Helen _________ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.A.shall
B.must
C.may
D.can 【解析】C由于下文說“她還沒有把握”，所以前文要用may表示沒有把握的肯定推測，即“可能會與我們去旅行”。
5.—I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.—It _________ Harry’s.He always wears green.A.has to be
B.will be
C.mustn’t be
D.could be 【解析】D 后文說“他總是穿綠色衣服”，據此語境可推知，這件衣“可能是”哈利的，could表示可能性。
6.—Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.—Well.He _________have gone far—his coat’s still here.A.shouldn’t
B.mustn’t
C.can’t
D.wouldn’t
分析：答案選C。后文說“他的外套還在這里”，據此語境可知“他不可能走遠了”，故選can’t 5.He paid for a seat, when he _________ have entered free.A.could
B.would
C.must
D.need
【解析】A could have done的意思是“本來可以做某事”。句子語境為“雖然他本來能夠免費入場，但他買了票”。
6.—Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.—She _________.I’ve already borrowed one.A.can’t
B.mustn’t
C.needn’t
D.shouldn’t
【解析】C 既然“我已經借了一本”，所以“她就沒有必要借給我了”。needn’t在此表示“不必”。
7.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _________be very slow.A.should B.must
C.will
D.can 【解析】 D在通常情況下，情態(tài)動詞 can 表示推測時，只用于否定句和疑問句，不用于肯定句，但有一種特殊情況就是它可以用于肯定句中表理論上的推測或表示“有時”之意，而此題考查的正是can 表示“有時”的用法。
8.Zhang Lin was addicted to computer games during his last year in high school , otherwise he____________a student of Beijing University.A．would have been
B．should be
C．has been
D．had been
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【解析】A otherwise引起虛擬語氣的虛擬語氣屬于含蓄型的，由句意可以得知是與過去的事實相反，主句用 would have done。
9.---Your sister nearly _______ all her spare time to her study during the three years.----That's right，or she ________ the first place in her school in the College Entrance Examination.A.devoted;wouldn't have taken
B.spent;wouldn't have taken C.had devoted;hadn't taken
D.had spent;couldn't take
【解析】A devote … to 為固定搭配，因此第一個空應從AC選。Or 翻譯成“否則，要不然”，相當于otherwise，引起句子運用虛擬語氣，主句用 would have done。10.—Any information about your son? —No.If only I ______ those tough words to him.A．didn't say
B．hadn't said C．shouldn't have said
D．couldn't have said 【解析】B if only 引起的句子要用虛擬語氣。與wish跟從句用虛擬的規(guī)則一樣。與過去的事實相反，用過去完成時態(tài)。
11.It is vital that we _____ act out at once to protect the environment.A.would
B.should
C.will
D.can 【解析】B It is vital/important/strange/necessary/natural…that 從句中，從句運用should跟動詞原形。
12.John’s pale face suggested that he ______ill, and his parents suggested that he ______a medical examination.A.be, should have
B.was, have
C.should be, had
D.was, has 【解析】B suggest表示“表明，暗示”時，賓語從句不用虛擬語氣，而表示“建議”時，要用should 跟動詞原形的虛擬語氣。根據句意可以得知，答案為B 13.But for the leadership of our Party and our Government, we __________ these splendid results.A．have achieved
B．shouldn’t have achieved C．should have achieved
D．would achieve
【解析】B but for 相當于without，可以用if 非真實條件句替換。有句意可知時發(fā)生在過去，與過去事實相反。14.--Where have you been?
--I_______in the heavy traffic.Otherwise I______here earlier.全力打造最優(yōu)秀的學科網站，您的需要就是我們努力的方向！陽光教學資源網 http://004km.cn 搜集，僅供學習和研究使用！
A.got stuck;would have come
B.got stuck;was C.have got stuck;would have come
D.had got stuck;would come 【解析】A 由句意得知被交通堵塞困住是發(fā)生在過去，第一空用一般過去時，排除CD，第二空為與過去事實相反，故選A 15.He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal.A.had scored B.scored
C.would score D.would have scored 【解析】D 這是otherwise 引出的含蓄虛擬語氣，再根據前面的 hesitated 可進一步知道這是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣.【學法導航】考生在復習情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣時要注意如下幾點：
1.掌握情態(tài)動詞的基本用法；2.正確辨析相近意義的情態(tài)動詞；3.把握常用情態(tài)動詞句式； 4.學生要明確所敘述的內容不可能發(fā)生或發(fā)生的可能性很小時，要用虛擬語氣；
5.把握虛擬語氣的常用句式； 6.正確辨析混合時間的虛擬語氣，如果條件句中的動作和主句的動作不是同時發(fā)生，主句和從句的謂語動詞的形式應分別根據各自所表示的時間加以調整。7.注意虛擬語氣中的倒裝句，如果虛擬語氣的條件從句謂語動詞中含有were, had, should，有時可將if省去，而將條件從句的主語置于were, had, should, 之后
8.分清含蓄條件句，有時為了表達的需要，在虛擬語氣中不總是出現if引導的條件句，而通過用其他詞來代替條件句，常見詞有otherwise, or, but for 和if only等
9.掌握在表語從句，同位語從句和主語從句中，表示間接的命令、要求、請求、建議、決定等，主句的主語通常是suggestion, proposal, request, order, idea 等。從句中的謂語動詞是should +動詞原型，should 可以省略。
10.掌握口語中的虛擬語氣和固定句式中的虛擬語氣。
【專題綜合】1.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______.A.breaks
B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken 2.But for the help you gave me, I _______ the examinations.A.would have passed B.would pass C.wouldn’t have passed
D.wouldn’t pass 3.I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now.A.will show B.would show
C.am going to show D.am showing 4.“It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does._____.”
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A.He’d better give up drinking
B.He shouldn’t have drunk so much C.Health is more important than drink D.I wonder why he is always doing so 5.“Mary looks hot and dry” “So _____ you if you had so high a fever.” A.do B.are
C.will D.would 6.“He will come tomorrow.” “But I’d rather he _____ the day after tomorrow.” A.will come B.is coming
C.came D.had come 7.All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.A.should be;be operated on
B.were;must be operated on C.was;should be operated
D.was;be operated on 8.______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung.A.Was he given up B.Had he given up
C.Did he give D.If he gave up 9.“I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.” “It’s time you _____.” A.do B.did
C.had D.would 10.“Do you know his address？” “No, I also wish I _____ where he _____.” A.knew, live B.knew, lives
C.know, lives D.know, lived 11.It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A.wouldn’t have fallen
B.had not fallen C.should fall
D.were to fall 12.Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ____ for us to live.A.would be freezing cold
B.will be freezing coldly C.would be frozen cold
D.can freeze coldly 13.Look at the trouble I am in!If only I _____your dvice.A.followed
B.would follow
C.had followed
D.should follow 14.----Don't you think it necessary that he _______ to Miami but to New York?----I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to.A.will not be sent;that
B.not be sent;that C.should not be sent;what
D.should not send;what 15.If I____plan to do anything I wanted to ,I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.全力打造最優(yōu)秀的學科網站，您的需要就是我們努力的方向！陽光教學資源網 http://004km.cn 搜集，僅供學習和研究使用！
A．would
B．could
C．had to
D．ought to
16.____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.A.Would you be
B.Should you be
C.Could you be D.Might you be 17.If it were not for the fact that she_______sing, I would invite her to the party.A.couldn’t
B.shouldn’t
C.can’t
D.might not 18.After hours of repair, the driver tried to start the machine but it __________ work.A.won’t
B.shouldn’t
C.wouldn’t
D.couldn’t 19.You ________ pay too much attention to your assignment, for it is that important.A.must
B.needn’t
C.cannot
D.need
20.He _________ another career, but at the time, he didn’t have enough money to attend graduate school.A.might choose
B.might have chosen
C.had to choose D.must have chosen
參考答案和解析
1.【解析】C as if 引導的句子，有時用虛擬語氣，有時不用。原則上說，若指事實或可能為事實，不用虛擬語氣；若指現在，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時（be 用 were）；若指過去用過去完成時，若指將來用過去將來時或用 were to do sth.2.【解析】C but for 的意思是“若不是，要不是”，用于引出與事實相反的假設，通常與虛擬語氣連用。根據句中的 the help you gave me，可知它表示與過去事實相反，故選C.3.【解析】B根據上文的語境可知句中的 or 隱含有一個虛擬的條件，即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article（要是我沒忘記我在哪兒讀過這篇文章的話——但事實上忘了）。4.【解析】D關鍵信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虛擬語氣，句子既然用了虛擬語氣，也就是說，“他喝醉了”不是事實，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此題的最佳答案是D.5.【解析】D 由于空格后的 if 條件狀語從句的謂語用的是虛擬語氣（這是很重要的信息），所以主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案應選D.6.【解析】C 按照英語習慣，would rather 后接that 從句時，從句謂語通常要用虛擬語氣，即用過去式表示現在或將來，用過去完成時表示過去。
7.【解析】D insist后的從句謂語有時用“should+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣，有時不用，具體要看該謂語動詞所表示的含義。一般說來，若該謂語動詞所表示的動作尚未發(fā)生，或尚未成為事實，則用虛擬語氣；若該謂語動詞所表示的動作已經發(fā)生，或已經成為事實，則要用陳述語氣。分析上題的句意，可知只有選D最合適。
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8.【解析】B是因為時態(tài)前后有矛盾。由于主句謂語是would not have got，這表明是對過去事實作出的假設，所以從句謂語應該是 had given up，而不是像D項那樣用一般過去時。另外，當虛擬條件句中有 had, should, were 等詞時，通?？梢允÷?if，并將 had, should, were 提前置于句首。
9.【解析】B It’s time you did 為 It’s time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英語語法，it’s time 后從句通常要用過去式。
10.【解析】B第一空填 knew，因為 I wish 后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣（即用過去式表示現在的想法）；第二空要填lives，即用陳述語氣，因為 where he lives 是一個客觀事實，而不是 I wish 的內容。
11.【解析】B 此題涉及錯綜時間虛擬條件句，主句與現在事實相反，條件句與過去事實相反。句意為：要不是在七歲時就迷上了 Melinda Cox 圖書館，我真不能想像我如今會在做什么。12.【解析】A without 引出的介詞短語為一個與現在事實相反的含蓄條件句。
13.【解析】C if only 意為“,但愿，要是……就好了”，其后的句子謂語要用虛擬語氣，用以表達愿望或非真實條件，同時根據 句意可以得知從句是與過去事實相反
14.【解析】B本題考查虛擬語氣和表語從句。在It is necessary that…句型中，從句中常常用虛擬語氣，其形式為“should+動詞原型”，should也可以省略。第二空考查了表語從句。That沒有實際的意義，只起一個連接的作用。
15.【解析】B考查虛擬語氣。從主句的謂語動詞及句意推測應選B。其他選項不符合題意。16.【解析】 B 本題考查了虛擬語氣的倒裝。如果虛擬語氣的條件從句謂語動詞中含有were, had, should，有時可將if省去，而將條件從句的主語置于were, had, should之后。
17.【解析】C雖然前有虛擬條件句, 后有使用了虛擬語氣，但the fact不是與事實相反，而是現在的真實情況，故不用虛擬語氣。
18.【解析】C,表示機器什么的不能工作了。是一種關于性能方面的，很固定的用法。19.【解析】C can not too...to 是詞組，意思是就算怎么樣也不過分。
20.【解析】B可是根據句子的意思。must have chosen 是本來肯定會------，故答案為B。
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第四篇：高考情態(tài)動詞
2000 ~ 2005 年高考題匯編
情 態(tài) 動 詞
1.Sorry I'm late.I ________ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.（2000北京春季）（A）
A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will
2.I was really anxious about you.You_________ home without a word.（01全國）（B）
A.mustn’t leaveB.shouldn’t have leftC.couldn’t have leftD.needn’t leave
3.— Write to me when you get home.— _________（01北京春季）（C）
A．I mustB．I shouldC．I willD．I can
4.— Is John coming by train?
— He should, but he _________ not.He likes driving his car.（02全國）【Ｄ】Ａ．mustＢ．canＣ．needＤ．may
5.― I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.― It ______ true because there was little snow there.（02北京）（C）
A.may not beB.won’t beC.couldn’t be
D.mustn’t be 6.— I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins — Yes, certainly.（02北京春季）（B）I have a look?
A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should
7.A left luggage office is a place where bagsbe left for a short time, especially at a railway station.（03全國卷）（B）
A．should B．can C．must D．will
8.— The room is so dirty.we clean it?
— Of course.（03北京春季）（B）
A．Will B．Shall C．Would D．Do
9.---Who is the girl standing over there?
---Well, if you______ know, her name is Mabel.（04天津）(C)
A may B can C must D shall
10.“The interestbe divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.（04重慶）(D)
A.may B.should C.must D.shall
11.---I don't mind telling you what I know.---Y.I'm not asking you for it.（04江蘇）(D)
A.mustn'tB.may notC.can'tD.needn’t
12.I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.（04浙江）(A)
A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could
13.---I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.---You________ her last week.（04福建）(D)
A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told
14.I often see lights in that empty house.Do you think I _____ report it to the police?（04廣西）（A）
A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can
15.Mr.White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t’ show up.（04廣西）（A）
A.should have arrivedB.should arrive
C.should have had arrived D.should be arriving
16.---Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.---You ______ have my computer if you don't take care of it.（04湖南）（A）
A.shan't B.might notC.needn'tD.shouldn't
17.— Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
— Sorry, I am not sure.But it be.（04湖北）(A)
A．mightB．will C．mustD．can
18.---Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock..I go out and play with Tom
for a while?
---No, I’m afraid not.Besides, it’s raining outside now.（04遼寧）(A)
A．Can’tB．Wouldn’tC．May notD．Won’t
19.Children under 12 years of age in that country ________ be under adult supervision when is a
public library.（04上海）(A)
A.mustB.mayC.canD.need
20.---Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
---No, it______ be him---I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.（04全國I）(A)
A can’t B must not C won’t D may not
21.You ______ be tired---you’ve only been working for an hour.（04全國II）(C)
A must not B won’t be C can’t D may not
22.---Tom graduated from college at a very young age.---Oh, he______ have been a very smart boy then.（04全國IV）（D）
A could B should C might D must
23.You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _______ not like the design of the furniture.（04上海春季）（C）
A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need
24.He __________ have completed his work;otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the
seaside.(05北京卷)(B)
A.shouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t
25.He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.（05山東卷）(A)
A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need
26.---I've taken someone else's green sweater by mistake.---It ______ Harry's.He always wears green.(05廣東卷)(D)
A.has to beB.will beC.mustn't beD.could be
27.— Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.— Well.Hehave gone far—his coat’s still here.（05湖北卷）(C)
A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t
28.If Iplan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much
of it as possible.（05湖北卷）(B)
A．would B．could C．had to D．ought to
29.---Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.---She ______.I've already borrowed one.（05湖南卷）(C)
A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.shouldn't
30.The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him ___ I did.（05湖南卷）(A)
A.as much asB.as long asC.as soon asD.as far as
31.— Tom is never late for work.Why is he absent today?
— Something ________ to him.(05江西卷)(D)
A．must happenC．could have happened B．should have happened D．must have happened
32.John, look at the time._______ you play the piano at such a late hour?（05全國卷3）(B)
A．Must B．Can C．May D．Need
33.Tom, youleave all your clothes on the floor like this!（05全國卷1）(B)
A．wouldn’tB．mustn’tC．needn’tD．may not
34.There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.（05上海卷）(C)
A.mustn’tB.shan’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
35.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it
_________be very slow.（05浙江卷）(D)
A．should B．mustC．willD．can
36.I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car.They ____ at least 150
kilometers an hour.（05重慶卷）(B)
A.should have been doingB.must have been doing
C.could have doneD.would have done
37.I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened.（05天津卷）(B)
A.shouldn'tB.couldn'tC.mustn'tD.needn't
38.Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.（05安徽卷）(C)
A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can
39.This cake is very sweet.You __________ a lot of sugar in it.（05遼寧卷）(D)
A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put
40.---The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she
returned.---Oh, dear!She _______ a lot of difficulties!(05江蘇卷)(D)
A.may go throughB.might go through
C.ought to have gone throughD.must have gone through
41.I have lost one of my gloves.I ________ it somewhere.（05北京春季）（B）
A.must drop B.must have dropped
C.must be dropping D.must have been dropped
第五篇：2010高三英語高考二輪復習學案——專題七 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣
2010高考二輪復習英語學案
專題七 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣
【典例精析】
1.（2007 全國卷II，8）_______ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.A.If
B.Since
C.Though
D.When 【解析】A 有題干可知，“若不是他傷了腿，約翰就能贏得比賽了”，運用了虛擬語氣，故用if。
2.（2008山東卷, 24）Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we ____ it without you.A.can manage
B.could have managed C.could manage
D.can have managed 【解析】 B 此題考查情態(tài)動詞表示虛擬意義的用法。I don’t think…是否定前移。意為：我認為沒有你我們本不能做成這件事的。此題關鍵是要根據句意知道是虛擬語氣，其基本形式是情態(tài)動詞（過去式）+have done,所以其他選項皆可排除?！敬鸢浮緽
3（09福建）.But for the help of my English teacher, I____the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A.would not win B.would not have won C.would win D.would have won 【答案】B 虛擬語氣。此處虛擬語氣表示與過去事實相反，句子謂語動詞用would/should/could/might + have done結構，故選B。
4.（09湖南）— It’s the office!So you _____ know eating is not allowed here.— Oh, sorry.A.must
B.will
C.may
D.need 【解析】A 句意為：這是辦公室！因此你必須知道吃的不允許帶到這里。must表示“絕不”的意思。
5.（09海南）What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There _____ be twelve A.should
B.would
C.will
D.shall 【答案】A。你這是什么意思，只有十張票嗎?應該有十二人。should表示“應該，應當”。6.（09上海）It_____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.用心
愛心
專心
A.may
B.can
C.must
D.should 【解析】C 考查情態(tài)動詞的基本用法。此處表示肯定性較強的猜測，故答案選C。7.（09四川）—I don’t care what people think.—Well, you _______ A.could
B.would
C.should
D.might 【解析】C考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。答話的人提了一個建議——你應該關注別人對你的評價的。should可以用來向別人提建議，所以答案為：C 8.（09天津）This printer is of good quality.If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.A.would
B.should
C.could
D.might 【解析】B 考查虛擬語氣中的情態(tài)動詞用法。表示對將來情況的虛擬假設，條件從句可以用should+v.原形；
9.（09重慶）—Hi, Tom.Any idea where Jane is? —She_____in the classroom.I saw her there just now.A.shall be
B.should have been
C.must be D.might have been 【答案】C 考查情態(tài)動詞表示猜測的用法。由后面的just now暗示現在一定在教室推知對現在情況的猜測，故答案為C.10.（09全國2）I can’t leave.She told me that I______stay here until she comes back.A.can
B.must
C.will
D.may 【解析】B 考查情態(tài)動詞的基本用法。由前面的I can’t leave.推知我必須呆在這里，故答案為B。
11.（09江蘇）11.He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he____ it differently.A.could express
B.would express C.could have expressed
D.must have expressed 【解析】C 考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。由前面的后悔表示做過啦，故后面的意思為本能夠表達的不同，答案為C符合。
【專題突破】情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣密不可分，情態(tài)動詞表示推測的考查，虛擬語氣中對情態(tài)動詞的考查，這些都是需要注意的地方，要想突破，可以從語境、語義、說話者的語氣等方面著手，具體說：
1.根據時間確定時態(tài)、時間段
用心
愛心
專心
即要分清情態(tài)動詞表推測時涉及的是現在情況還是過去情況。原則上說，若對現在情況進行推測，情態(tài)動詞后接動詞原形或進行式；若對過去情況進行推測，則后接動詞的完成式(這通常是高考的重點)；若是對正在發(fā)生的情況進行推測，后接動詞的進行式；判斷出時間段套用現在、過去、將來虛擬語氣的句式。2.充分利用句子語境、語義
綜觀歷年高考英語情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣的考查情況，有相當一部分考題從本質上看都是在考查情態(tài)動詞在具體語境、語義中的運用，即只要考生能弄清各個被考查情態(tài)動詞的意思，就可作出正確選擇。3.注意分清適用句型
即要分清所考查的情態(tài)動詞是用于肯定句型，還是用于疑問句型或否定句型，同時還要注意情態(tài)動詞在某些特殊情況下所使用的特殊句型。
4.弄清說話者的語義、語氣推斷屬于哪個時間段的情況，正確把握隱含、混合等虛擬語氣。5.掌握固定句式，從固定句式著手，套用虛擬語氣句型。1.—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.—Thanks.You _________it.I could manage it myself.A.needn’t do
C.mustn’t do
B.needn’t have done
D.shouldn’t have done
【解析】B 句子的語境是：“我自己能做”，所以“你本不必做的”。選A還是B呢？根據前面一句中的 have cleaned 可知，動作已經發(fā)生，所以此處談論的是一個過去情況，故選 needn’t have done。
2.This cake is very sweet.You _________ a lot of sugar in it.A.should put
B.could have put C.might put
D.must have put 【解析】D前文說“蛋糕很甜”，下文的語境顯然應該是“你一定是在里面放了很多糖”，故用“must+完成式”表示對過去情況的肯定推測。
3.—The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.— Oh, dear!She _________ a lot of difficulties!
A.may go through
B.might go through C.ought to have gone through
D.must have gone through 【解析】D由上文的stayed可知，此題是對過去情況有把握的肯定推測。句意為“那個女生物學家呆在非洲研究野生動物13年才回來?！薄疤彀?！她一定經歷了不少苦難！”
用心
愛心
專心
4.Helen _________ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.A.shall
B.must
C.may
D.can 【解析】C由于下文說“她還沒有把握”，所以前文要用may表示沒有把握的肯定推測，即“可能會與我們去旅行”。
5.—I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.—It _________ Harry’s.He always wears green.A.has to be
B.will be
C.mustn’t be
D.could be 【解析】D 后文說“他總是穿綠色衣服”，據此語境可推知，這件衣“可能是”哈利的，could表示可能性。
6.—Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.—Well.He _________have gone far—his coat’s still here.A.shouldn’t
B.mustn’t
C.can’t
D.wouldn’t
分析：答案選C。后文說“他的外套還在這里”，據此語境可知“他不可能走遠了”，故選can’t 5.He paid for a seat, when he _________ have entered free.A.could
B.would
C.must
D.need
【解析】A could have done的意思是“本來可以做某事”。句子語境為“雖然他本來能夠免費入場，但他買了票”。
6.—Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.—She _________.I’ve already borrowed one.A.can’t
B.mustn’t
C.needn’t
D.shouldn’t
【解析】C 既然“我已經借了一本”，所以“她就沒有必要借給我了”。needn’t在此表示“不必”。
7.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _________be very slow.A.should B.must
C.will
D.can 【解析】 D在通常情況下，情態(tài)動詞 can 表示推測時，只用于否定句和疑問句，不用于肯定句，但有一種特殊情況就是它可以用于肯定句中表理論上的推測或表示“有時”之意，而此題考查的正是can 表示“有時”的用法。
8.Zhang Lin was addicted to computer games during his last year in high school , otherwise he____________a student of Beijing University.A．would have been
B．should be
C．has been
D．had been
用心
愛心
專心
【解析】A otherwise引起虛擬語氣的虛擬語氣屬于含蓄型的，由句意可以得知是與過去的事實相反，主句用 would have done。
9.---Your sister nearly _______ all her spare time to her study during the three years.----That's right，or she ________ the first place in her school in the College Entrance Examination.A.devoted;wouldn't have taken
B.spent;wouldn't have taken C.had devoted;hadn't taken
D.had spent;couldn't take
【解析】A devote … to 為固定搭配，因此第一個空應從AC選。Or 翻譯成“否則，要不然”，相當于otherwise，引起句子運用虛擬語氣，主句用 would have done。10.—Any information about your son? —No.If only I ______ those tough words to him.A．didn't say
B．hadn't said C．shouldn't have said
D．couldn't have said 【解析】B if only 引起的句子要用虛擬語氣。與wish跟從句用虛擬的規(guī)則一樣。與過去的事實相反，用過去完成時態(tài)。
11.It is vital that we _____ act out at once to protect the environment.A.would
B.should
C.will
D.can 【解析】B It is vital/important/strange/necessary/natural…that 從句中，從句運用should跟動詞原形。
12.John’s pale face suggested that he ______ill, and his parents suggested that he ______a medical examination.A.be, should have
B.was, have
C.should be, had
D.was, has 【解析】B suggest表示“表明，暗示”時，賓語從句不用虛擬語氣，而表示“建議”時，要用should 跟動詞原形的虛擬語氣。根據句意可以得知，答案為B 13.But for the leadership of our Party and our Government, we __________ these splendid results.A．have achieved
B．shouldn’t have achieved C．should have achieved
D．would achieve
【解析】B but for 相當于without，可以用if 非真實條件句替換。有句意可知時發(fā)生在過去，與過去事實相反。14.--Where have you been?
--I_______in the heavy traffic.Otherwise I______here earlier.用心
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A.got stuck;would have come
B.got stuck;was C.have got stuck;would have come
D.had got stuck;would come 【解析】A 由句意得知被交通堵塞困住是發(fā)生在過去，第一空用一般過去時，排除CD，第二空為與過去事實相反，故選A 15.He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal.A.had scored B.scored
C.would score D.would have scored 【解析】D 這是otherwise 引出的含蓄虛擬語氣，再根據前面的 hesitated 可進一步知道這是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣.【學法導航】考生在復習情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣時要注意如下幾點：
1.掌握情態(tài)動詞的基本用法；2.正確辨析相近意義的情態(tài)動詞；3.把握常用情態(tài)動詞句式； 4.學生要明確所敘述的內容不可能發(fā)生或發(fā)生的可能性很小時，要用虛擬語氣；
5.把握虛擬語氣的常用句式； 6.正確辨析混合時間的虛擬語氣，如果條件句中的動作和主句的動作不是同時發(fā)生，主句和從句的謂語動詞的形式應分別根據各自所表示的時間加以調整。7.注意虛擬語氣中的倒裝句，如果虛擬語氣的條件從句謂語動詞中含有were, had, should，有時可將if省去，而將條件從句的主語置于were, had, should, 之后
8.分清含蓄條件句，有時為了表達的需要，在虛擬語氣中不總是出現if引導的條件句，而通過用其他詞來代替條件句，常見詞有otherwise, or, but for 和if only等
9.掌握在表語從句，同位語從句和主語從句中，表示間接的命令、要求、請求、建議、決定等，主句的主語通常是suggestion, proposal, request, order, idea 等。從句中的謂語動詞是should +動詞原型，should 可以省略。
10.掌握口語中的虛擬語氣和固定句式中的虛擬語氣。
【專題綜合】1.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______.A.breaks
B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken 2.But for the help you gave me, I _______ the examinations.A.would have passed B.would pass C.wouldn’t have passed
D.wouldn’t pass 3.I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now.A.will show B.would show
C.am going to show D.am showing 4.“It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does._____.”
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A.He’d better give up drinking
B.He shouldn’t have drunk so much C.Health is more important than drink D.I wonder why he is always doing so 5.“Mary looks hot and dry” “So _____ you if you had so high a fever.” A.do B.are
C.will D.would 6.“He will come tomorrow.” “But I’d rather he _____ the day after tomorrow.” A.will come B.is coming
C.came D.had come 7.All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.A.should be;be operated on
B.were;must be operated on C.was;should be operated
D.was;be operated on 8.______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung.A.Was he given up B.Had he given up
C.Did he give D.If he gave up 9.“I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.” “It’s time you _____.” A.do B.did
C.had D.would 10.“Do you know his address？” “No, I also wish I _____ where he _____.” A.knew, live B.knew, lives
C.know, lives D.know, lived 11.It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A.wouldn’t have fallen
B.had not fallen C.should fall
D.were to fall 12.Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ____ for us to live.A.would be freezing cold
B.will be freezing coldly C.would be frozen cold
D.can freeze coldly 13.Look at the trouble I am in!If only I _____your dvice.A.followed
B.would follow
C.had followed
D.should follow 14.----Don't you think it necessary that he _______ to Miami but to New York?----I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to.A.will not be sent;that
B.not be sent;that C.should not be sent;what
D.should not send;what 15.If I____plan to do anything I wanted to ,I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.用心
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A．would
B．could
C．had to
D．ought to
16.____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.A.Would you be
B.Should you be
C.Could you be D.Might you be 17.If it were not for the fact that she_______sing, I would invite her to the party.A.couldn’t
B.shouldn’t
C.can’t
D.might not 18.After hours of repair, the driver tried to start the machine but it __________ work.A.won’t
B.shouldn’t
C.wouldn’t
D.couldn’t 19.You ________ pay too much attention to your assignment, for it is that important.A.must
B.needn’t
C.cannot
D.need
20.He _________ another career, but at the time, he didn’t have enough money to attend graduate school.A.might choose
B.might have chosen
C.had to choose D.must have chosen
參考答案和解析
1.【解析】C as if 引導的句子，有時用虛擬語氣，有時不用。原則上說，若指事實或可能為事實，不用虛擬語氣；若指現在，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時（be 用 were）；若指過去用過去完成時，若指將來用過去將來時或用 were to do sth.2.【解析】C but for 的意思是“若不是，要不是”，用于引出與事實相反的假設，通常與虛擬語氣連用。根據句中的 the help you gave me，可知它表示與過去事實相反，故選C.3.【解析】B根據上文的語境可知句中的 or 隱含有一個虛擬的條件，即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article（要是我沒忘記我在哪兒讀過這篇文章的話——但事實上忘了）。4.【解析】D關鍵信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虛擬語氣，句子既然用了虛擬語氣，也就是說，“他喝醉了”不是事實，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此題的最佳答案是D.5.【解析】D 由于空格后的 if 條件狀語從句的謂語用的是虛擬語氣（這是很重要的信息），所以主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案應選D.6.【解析】C 按照英語習慣，would rather 后接that 從句時，從句謂語通常要用虛擬語氣，即用過去式表示現在或將來，用過去完成時表示過去。
7.【解析】D insist后的從句謂語有時用“should+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣，有時不用，具體要看該謂語動詞所表示的含義。一般說來，若該謂語動詞所表示的動作尚未發(fā)生，或尚未成為事實，則用虛擬語氣；若該謂語動詞所表示的動作已經發(fā)生，或已經成為事實，則要用陳述語氣。分析上題的句意，可知只有選D最合適。
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8.【解析】B是因為時態(tài)前后有矛盾。由于主句謂語是would not have got，這表明是對過去事實作出的假設，所以從句謂語應該是 had given up，而不是像D項那樣用一般過去時。另外，當虛擬條件句中有 had, should, were 等詞時，通?？梢允÷?if，并將 had, should, were 提前置于句首。
9.【解析】B It’s time you did 為 It’s time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英語語法，it’s time 后從句通常要用過去式。
10.【解析】B第一空填 knew，因為 I wish 后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣（即用過去式表示現在的想法）；第二空要填lives，即用陳述語氣，因為 where he lives 是一個客觀事實，而不是 I wish 的內容。
11.【解析】B 此題涉及錯綜時間虛擬條件句，主句與現在事實相反，條件句與過去事實相反。句意為：要不是在七歲時就迷上了 Melinda Cox 圖書館，我真不能想像我如今會在做什么。12.【解析】A without 引出的介詞短語為一個與現在事實相反的含蓄條件句。
13.【解析】C if only 意為“,但愿，要是……就好了”，其后的句子謂語要用虛擬語氣，用以表達愿望或非真實條件，同時根據 句意可以得知從句是與過去事實相反
14.【解析】B本題考查虛擬語氣和表語從句。在It is necessary that…句型中，從句中常常用虛擬語氣，其形式為“should+動詞原型”，should也可以省略。第二空考查了表語從句。That沒有實際的意義，只起一個連接的作用。
15.【解析】B考查虛擬語氣。從主句的謂語動詞及句意推測應選B。其他選項不符合題意。16.【解析】 B 本題考查了虛擬語氣的倒裝。如果虛擬語氣的條件從句謂語動詞中含有were, had, should，有時可將if省去，而將條件從句的主語置于were, had, should之后。
17.【解析】C雖然前有虛擬條件句, 后有使用了虛擬語氣，但the fact不是與事實相反，而是現在的真實情況，故不用虛擬語氣。
18.【解析】C,表示機器什么的不能工作了。是一種關于性能方面的，很固定的用法。19.【解析】C can not too...to 是詞組，意思是就算怎么樣也不過分。
20.【解析】B可是根據句子的意思。must have chosen 是本來肯定會------，故答案為B。
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