第一篇：短文改錯專題教案

短文改錯專題

一、短文改錯的文章特點(diǎn)

體裁以記敘文為主，句子結(jié)構(gòu)以簡單句為主，至少有一個從句，一個并列句，句子總數(shù)十句左右。

二、短文改錯的錯誤類型

1、缺（多）詞

丟介詞、丟（多）to、丟 be

2、錯詞

詞性用錯 名詞、形容詞、副詞

詞形用錯 形容詞：原級 比較級 最高級

副詞：原級 比較級 最高級

動詞：時態(tài)錯誤 主謂不一致 非謂語動詞 拼寫相似詞用錯：如beside bedides 具體詞用錯（主要是用同類詞替換）連詞用錯

代詞用錯

介詞用錯

冠詞用錯

三、短文改錯涉及的知識點(diǎn)

1、動詞，①主謂一致

②時態(tài)： 并列句中，連詞（and/but/or）前后動詞時態(tài)一致！

簡單句中，動詞時態(tài)和前后兩句話動詞時態(tài)一致。

③語態(tài)： 物做主語時，注意是否需要改為被動 ④非謂語動詞

2、名詞，①單復(fù)數(shù)

②名詞變詞性，變?yōu)樾稳菰~或副詞（直接變副詞很少見）③名詞變所有格，單數(shù)加 ’s，復(fù)數(shù)加 ’

3、代詞，①人稱代詞主賓格、單復(fù)數(shù)、邏輯對象

②不定代詞肯否定

③反身代詞單復(fù)數(shù)、邏輯對象

④物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞還是名詞性物主代詞、邏輯對象

注：邏輯對象是指按照行文邏輯能夠明確的對象。比如說通過上下文可以知道是“和他說話”，但短文中卻說talk with me，就是明顯的邏輯對象錯誤。改錯中常出現(xiàn)混淆邏輯對象的情況。

4、形容詞，①名詞與形容詞、形容詞與副詞詞性互變

②形容詞使用原級、比較級、最高級

5、副詞，①副詞與形容詞詞性互變

②副詞原形、比較級、最高級

6、冠詞，①使用冠詞、不使用冠詞

②使用定冠詞、使用不定冠詞 ③使用a、使用an

7、連詞，①語法錯用，that和what的用法

②邏輯關(guān)系錯用，and、but、or ③意思錯用，如狀語從句中明明是時間卻用where等。

8、介詞，①固定搭配錯誤

②意思錯誤，語法上可搭配，語意不通。③介詞缺失

④介詞多余，及物動詞后不加介詞

四、短文改錯的做題方法

1、步驟： 1快速通讀全文,切忌拿來就改。三看：看人（人稱）、看事（短文意思）、看時間（行文時態(tài)）

2分句閱讀，逐行找錯。三不：不多（每句或每行的錯誤數(shù)一般不超過2個）、不少（哪句沒有 錯誤要重點(diǎn)回看）、不重復(fù)（類型不重復(fù)、詞不重復(fù)）3重讀修改后短文。三看：看語法、看邏輯、看拼寫。

2、具體找錯方法：順成分→順詞→順意思，交叉進(jìn)行。

順成分：即按照句子的成分梳理每一句。主要找主謂一致、謂語動詞時態(tài)。順詞：按照詞性梳理每個詞或詞組。主要找單復(fù)數(shù)、固定搭配。

順意思：按照上下文邏輯梳理整個句子意思。主要找邏輯錯誤、語法錯誤。

舉例：When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.思維過程：（此時通過預(yù)讀已知道行文的時態(tài)）I was a very young children，children是復(fù)數(shù)，和I、a不搭配，修改為單數(shù)child。my father created沒有錯誤，時態(tài)正確。a regular practice 單復(fù)數(shù)搭配正確，regular詞性正確。a regular practice I remember well years late.句子很長，且沒有連詞，考慮是否是缺少連詞的從句或者是可以省略連詞的從句。此時不管能不能確定都應(yīng)繼續(xù)看完句子，發(fā)現(xiàn)years late使用錯誤，years later為固定用法，意為“很多年后”。如果讀完句子沒發(fā)現(xiàn)其他錯誤，則先將上一處標(biāo)記，等修改完全文再回看。

Every time he arrived home at end of the day ,we’d greet her at the door.思維過程：Every time 正確，he arrived home 時態(tài)正確at end of the day，at使用正確，end of the day使用錯誤，應(yīng)為the end of the day，加上the;繼續(xù)看 發(fā)現(xiàn)her是一個明顯的錯誤，改為him；

He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us, then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.思維過程：長句子，馬上想到從句連詞的問題。但不要著急，還是從頭看。He would ask沒有錯誤 who we was主謂不一致，was改為were； and pretend not to knowing us, pretend是原形，是用錯了嗎？再看到前面有would，and，那么pretend應(yīng)該和ask同為原形，沒有錯誤。（看到ing形式和ed形式都要格外留心）想到to后面動詞形式的問題，一般為原形，再看前面的動詞pertend，判斷為pretend to do sth.所以把knowing改為know。如果不知道這個表達(dá)方式，將此處標(biāo)記，改完回看。接下來一個長句，先看then使用正確，then he and my mother（時刻注意主語的數(shù)）would have had a drink，此處發(fā)現(xiàn)為would have done的形式，該形式意思為對過去已發(fā)生的事情的推測，文中意思顯然不是推測，只是陳述事實(shí)，所以去掉had。while 使用正確，表兩端動作同時進(jìn)行she prepared dinner時態(tài)正確，and they would talk about his day and hers.沒有錯誤，would后使用動詞原形，hers名詞性物主代詞使用正確。

While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.It was both excited and frightening to be up there！

思維過程：While they chat，動詞時態(tài)錯誤，改為chatted，my father would lift，would后動詞原形，沒有錯誤，my sister and me up，up為lift的固定搭配，to sit in the top of the fridge.看到介詞就要注意，這里有介詞in，在繼續(xù)看后面是top，明顯不能用in the top of，改為on。It was both excited and frightening to be up there！思維過程：It was 時態(tài)正確，看到both …and…的結(jié)構(gòu)注意兩邊結(jié)構(gòu)一致的問題。發(fā)現(xiàn)兩邊結(jié)構(gòu)不一致，excited 和frightening要修改一個。根據(jù)這兩個類型形容詞的使用方法（見附錄一：

四、形容詞、副詞一節(jié)）將excited 改為exciting.全部改完之后，將確定的錯誤數(shù)計(jì)算出來，再回看不確定的地方。

五、短文改錯的做題原則和技巧

1、錯點(diǎn)分布： 名詞1 代詞1 冠詞 1 介詞1 連詞1 形容詞+副詞2—3 動詞 謂語動詞 時態(tài) 1 語態(tài)1 /0 非謂語動詞1

2、主要原則

1）增一刪一改八個（增刪總數(shù)一般是2個最多超過3個），不多不少不重復(fù)。2）三不改：①標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號不改，②大小寫不改，③生詞不改（有漢語注釋的）。

3做題技巧

1）實(shí)詞變性或變形，虛詞增減或替換。2）特殊形式要警惕，時態(tài)復(fù)雜有貓膩。（特殊形式比如詞的ing形式 ed形式 復(fù)數(shù)形式）3）并列、平行要統(tǒng)一，前后一致才平衡。即一碗水端平：并列結(jié)構(gòu)或者平行結(jié)構(gòu)的幾組詞或表達(dá)法有統(tǒng)一性，可以根據(jù)其中一個判斷另一個（幾個）。

附錄一：高頻考點(diǎn)

一、【名詞】

? work（工作不可數(shù)；作品可數(shù)）, job（可數(shù)）

? time（時間不可數(shù)；次數(shù)可數(shù)）, hour, year, month, day ? student, classmate, friend（別忘了+s）? side, place（都是可數(shù)名詞）

? eyes, parents, feet, cheeks, shoes，shoulders…（這些都是一定+s的，parent是單親，cheek是一個臉蛋，想想用單數(shù)有多詭異~）? grade（年級不可數(shù)；分?jǐn)?shù)可數(shù) +s）? people（這是個復(fù)數(shù)名詞，單數(shù) person）, family（表示家人時，單復(fù)數(shù)寫法相同，都是family）, kind（種類，可數(shù)名詞）

? thanks, regards, wishes, congratulations（感謝類名詞永遠(yuǎn)都要+s）

二、【代詞】

? he-she ? me – mine ? we – I 單復(fù)改點(diǎn)

? one – it 泛指/特指 改點(diǎn)（不定代詞/指代詞）? some – any 肯定/ 否定句 ? little – few 不可數(shù)-可數(shù)

? the other – others – the others（另一個【特指】，其他的【泛指】，另外那些【特指】）? each / every+ 單數(shù)n

三、【冠詞】

1.the和 same 要連用，比如，This is the same present.2.形容詞最高級前the/a 均可（意思有差別“最/非?！保? the most disgusting affair 最惡心的事兒 ? a most disgusting affair 非常惡心的事兒 3.固定搭配，注意冠詞。

? get into trouble 惹麻煩 ? at an early age 小時候 ? have a rest 休息一下 ? catch sight of 看見 ? go for a walk 去散步 ? in fact 事實(shí)上

? hit sb.on the head/face/leg 擊打某人的頭/臉/腿 ? once upon a time 很久很久以前

四、【形容詞、副詞】

1、形容詞與副詞的混用，形容詞只可以修飾名詞和代詞，副詞不可以修飾名詞和代詞！

2、形容詞/副詞，比較級/最高級問題（1）搭配

比較級中–er或more與than搭配；最高級中the/a/an與-est或most搭配。

? He hopes to create an environment for his students that is much relaxing than the one he used to study in.〖much改為more〗（2）more與-er不共存

? Our country will become more brighter in the coming future.〖more去掉〗（3）as……as… 同級比較用原級，前一個as可省略。

? So now I am spending as more time as I can with other people who like to play.〖more改為much或去掉more〗

3、形容詞的so 與such 結(jié)構(gòu) so + adj +(a/an)+ n such +(a/an)+ adj + n I have never seen so an abnormal text like this.〖so改such〗

4、-ing和-ed兩類形容詞用法

surprise/interest/disappoint/excite/encourage/ frighten ? I am suprised/ intetested/ disappointed/ excited/ encouraged/ frightened ? It is surprising/ interesting/ disappointing/ exciting/ encouraging/ frightening

五、【動詞】

1、固定搭配中的動詞【注意是to do還是do】

? ’d better + do 最好做某事

? have/let/make sb.do 讓某人做某事 ? would rather + do 寧愿做某事

? want + to do;come + to do;would like + to do ? used to +do（過去常常，曾經(jīng)的習(xí)慣，已結(jié)束）

? be（was/were/is/are）… used to + doing（習(xí)慣做某事，表示習(xí)慣的持續(xù)）

2、以下這些詞要加 …doing形式做賓語

avoid, enjoy, understand, risk, appreciate, image, look forward to, spend on, insist on

3、see sb do變被動后 —— sb is seen to do主動不要to，被動要to。

六、【介詞】

1、及物動詞后不能加介詞，常錯點(diǎn)enter into；return back；reach at（這幾個介詞看見請通通劃掉）

2、介詞+ 動詞-ing形式

七、多詞缺詞

1、丟冠詞：單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，必須有冠詞

2、丟介詞：“不及物動詞”后接賓語時，漏加必要的介詞。

3、丟 to ：want to do ； come to do

4、丟 be ：（1）漏掉be done 被動結(jié)構(gòu)中的be（2）漏掉will be 系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的be

5、漏掉常用結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞：a lot of , because of , insist on

第二篇：短文改錯教案

Error CorrectionTeaching Aims: 1.Ability Aims:

⑴ Help the students to improve their ability of finding and correcting

errors.(2)Get the students to use some words and expressions correctly.2.Emotion Aim: Stimulate students’ interests in learning English.Teaching Important Points: ⑴ Help the students to improve their ability of finding and correcting errors.(2)Get the students to use some words and expressions correctly.Teaching Difficult Points: ⑴ Help the students to improve their ability of finding and correcting errors.(2)Get the students to use some words and expressions correctly.Teaching Methods: Individual, pair work to make every student act in class.Teaching Aids: the multimedia

Teaching Procedures: Step1.Greetings : Step2.Presentation Show the following verse about error correction to the students.動詞形，名次數(shù)，還有注意形和副； 非謂語，細(xì)辨別，習(xí)慣用法要記??； 句子成分多分析，邏輯錯誤需關(guān)注； 冠詞連詞常光顧。

Step3.Explanation and Exercises Explain every line of the verse to the students and give the students some exercises.Step3.Summary and Homework

第三篇：短文改錯

短文改錯

高考英語短文改錯題要求考生判斷一篇短文中十行(自1995年以來)文字是否有錯，如果有錯誤就將其改正。

此題型旨在測試考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷并改正短文中錯誤的能力，以及考查考生準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用詞法、句法、行文邏輯等的綜合能力。

本題型側(cè)重考查考生的詞匯和語法基礎(chǔ)知識，但并不是單純的知識檢測，而是考查考生在閱讀的過程中運(yùn)用語法知識解決實(shí)際問題的能力。

縱觀近幾年高考短文改錯，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)其設(shè)題方式比較固定：正確為1個，多詞或缺詞共計(jì)3個，錯詞為6個，其比例為1：3:6。

下面引用近幾年的高考題來分析一下此題的三種錯誤類型：多詞、缺詞和錯詞。

一、多詞

1.多冠詞

(l)Suddenly,I caught a sight of my English teacherin the crowd.【解析lsight是不可數(shù)名詞，且catch sight of是固定搭配，意為“看見”。

(2)For e】cample, when l was a child, the rain was amystery.【解析】，am為不可數(shù)名詞，泛指時前面不用冠詞。

【知識拓寬】

(1)不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時不用冠詞。

Modern people know more about the health, havebetter food，and?

(2)與by連用的交通工具及air，land，sea等名詞前不用冠詞。

by bike騎自行車，by sea由海路，乘船

(3)有些名詞(如school，class，hospital，church，prison，bed，table，town等)與相應(yīng)介詞連用，表示進(jìn)行和這些詞直接相關(guān)的活動時，前不用冠詞。

___ _去上學(xué)，_______坐牢，_______在吃飯

(4)球類運(yùn)動、棋類游戲前，不用冠詞。

___ _打籃球，_______下棋

(5)mo。t副詞作“非?！苯鈺r，前面不用定冠詞the。

She is most pretty.她非常漂亮。

(6)?；騮hough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，前置的單數(shù)名詞前不用任何冠詞。

Child as he is,he knows a lot.雖然他只是孩子，知道的卻很多。

2.多介詞

(l)ln fact,they are planning to visit China in next yeaL

(2)We practice for three times every week..(3)So l'm really sorry that l won't be able to come inthis time.【解析】以上三例都是作時間狀語的名詞短語前多了介詞。

(4)?but we do not seem to get much time to talkabout together.【解析】talk about意為“談到??”，是及物動詞短語，后須接介詞賓語，但根據(jù)本句語境，此處不必接賓語，故去掉about。

【知識拓寬】

(1)last night, next week, this year, one day,threetimes等名詞詞組直接充當(dāng)時間狀語，前面不用介詞。

(2)有些動詞在漢語中是不及物動詞，在英語中卻是及物動詞，由于受漢語影響，可能多一個介詞。

serve for the people, follow after the teacher, marrywith her,make him as our monitor,play with Tom in amatch(畫線介詞多余)

(3)有些表示地點(diǎn)的副詞，其意義中已包含to，如果再加to，則多余。

on one's way to there, return to home, go to upstairs(畫線介詞均多余)

(4)有些副詞或介詞詞組后加另一個介詞，構(gòu)成復(fù)合介詞，若后面沒有介詞賓語，介詞則多余。同樣，有些動詞短語是“動詞十介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，若后面沒有介詞賓語，介詞則多余。

①If you won’t go，I'll go instead of.(畫線介詞多余)

②She listened to but heard nothing(畫線介詞多余)

(5)有些動詞或形容詞后接名詞或代詞時，須加一個介詞，但接從句時，必須去掉介詞。

①l never knew about a ride down a river could be soexciting.(畫線介詞多余)

②I am sorry for that he won't come(畫線介詞多余)

3.詞義重疊

(1)Whenever I see them l will often think of myEnglish teacher.【解析】在whenever l see them這一時間狀語從句后再用often顯得重復(fù)，應(yīng)去掉。

(2)1'11 spend all the whole weekend reading andpreparing for it.【解析】the whole weekend意為“整個周末”，再加上all，詞義重疊。

【知識拓寬】

(1)有些詞受漢語影響，多一副詞或介詞，造成詞義重疊。

return back回來，repeat again重復(fù)，flee away逃走，enter into進(jìn)入，blue color藍(lán)色，stop down停下來，raiseup舉起來，unpack open打開

(2)定語從句中的一個名詞，已由關(guān)系代詞取代，再用其替代詞是多余的。

I do remember you having apologized to the old lady Imet her last week

(3)單音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞比較等級加-er.-est，多音節(jié)加more、most，但二者不能同時重疊使用。

As a result, people in the modern world generally livemuch more longer than people in the past.4.出現(xiàn)冗言現(xiàn)象

(l)Today l visited the Smiths-my first time visit toan American family.【解析】本句中的first修飾visit，visit此處為名詞，意為“我的第一次訪問”，time多余。

(2)Now I can't watch much television,but?【解析】根據(jù)上下文，此處應(yīng)是“我根本不能看電視”，因此受漢語影響，多了much，造成冗言。

【知識拓寬】

(1)狀語從句與主句之間多一并列連詞。

①Though he tried his best, but he failed.②The more he has, and the more he wants.(2)充當(dāng)狀語的介詞短語與主句之間多一關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。

①In the last five years that they have climbed churches一②?in other places where you are limited to a certainnumber...(3)充當(dāng)狀語的分詞與主句之間多一并列連詞。

Sitting down,and he began to work.(4)從屬連詞后多一個that。

She was absent from the meeting because that she was ilL(5)復(fù)合賓語前多一個that。

I found that her lying on the ground.5.固定搭配中多詞

(1)I was used to watch it every night.【解析】此處屬于used to do與be used to兩個固定搭配的誤用，應(yīng)去掉was，取“過去常?！敝狻?/p>

(2)?in any other words,Iam only a child.【解析lin other words為固定搭配，意為“換句話說”，而any other意為“任何別的??”，與本文上下文不符。

6.行文邏輯上多詞First, let me tell you something more about myself.【解析】由first可知是剛開始向別人講述自己的故事，故只能說something，而不能加more。

二、缺詞

1.名詞前缺限定詞

(1)Each player must obey^captain, who is theleader of the team.the【解析】此處應(yīng)加上the，特指“球隊(duì)的隊(duì)長”。

(2)The day before the speech contest^Englishteacher talked to me.my【解析】根據(jù)上下文分析，此處English teacher是有所指的，指的是“我的”英語老師，故加上my，表達(dá)一個更確切的概念。

(3)I'1I take this chance to wish you^ wonderful timeon your birthday.a【解析lwish sb.awonderful time為固定搭配，意為“祝某人玩得愉快”。

【知識拓寬】

(1)在“so+形容詞十可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞前不能缺a或an。

This is so good a book that we will buy it.=This is such a good book that we will buy it.(2)little,few表示肯定時，前面不能缺a，意為“一些”。

如a little water，但是“每隔幾分鐘”應(yīng)說成every fewminutesa

(3)有些不可數(shù)名詞(如metal, beauty, iron, tea,coffee, ice, youth, pleasure, success, failure等)，表示“一種”“一個“一份”時，應(yīng)加上a或an。

Work is a pleasure to me.(4)“the+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”表示一家人時，the不能省。

The Browns like to go skating.(5)表示“兩者之中比較??的一個”時，比較級前應(yīng)加the。

He is the taller of the two boys.(6)在句中可數(shù)名詞不可單獨(dú)使用，前面應(yīng)有限定詞，如his,that,Tom's,the,a等。

When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook^head.his2.缺動詞不定式符號to(1)I'd like very much^come but I have anexamination on Monday morning.to【解析】like后面不能直接加動詞，需加to，構(gòu)成固定搭配“would like to do”，意為“想做??”。

(2)一.and will do all they can^ make sure that l geta good education to【解析】不定式作目的狀語，不定式符號to不可省。

【知識拓寬】

(1)不定式作后置定語，不定式符號to不能省。

But then there are always more mysteriesAlook into:_____to

(2)-般說來，兩個實(shí)義動詞不能并列使用，中間常用to連接。

①7Ihe World Health()rganization and other organizationsare workingAimprove health all over the world_____to

②i had always wantedA retum to the village _____to

(3)feel, hear, let, make,have, see, notice, watch,ob。rv。等動詞變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，充當(dāng)主語補(bǔ)足語的不定式不能省去to。

Little Tom was made to do heavy work

(4)為了避免重復(fù)前面的動詞，后面的不定式常常省略，但要保留不定式符號to。

We wanted to go to the lecture, but we weren't able to

3.缺系動詞

(l)neyA eager to Imow everything about China：.'were【解析】eager為形容詞，必須加系動詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。

(2)What^ your favourite sport?IS【解析】本句缺謂語動詞，應(yīng)加is。

(3)I'd like to^ your pen-friend, and.be/become【解析】本句考查I'd like to do結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)上下文，必須加上系動詞。

【知識拓寬】

(1)由于受漢語語法規(guī)則的影響，有些形容詞作表語時，常常缺少系動詞。

She is afraid of her boss.(2)在被動結(jié)構(gòu)中，由于缺少助動詞，變成了主動語態(tài)，造成錯誤。

?and let you know when the book you want has^returned and is ready for you to pick up.been4.缺介詞(l)We must keep in mind that we play for the teaminstead^ ourselves._____ of【解析linstead of為固定短語，意為“而非，而不是”，后接賓語。

(2)?but the others spent a lotA time arguing_____of【解析la lot of是固定習(xí)語，意為“許多，大量”，后加賓語。

【知識拓寬】

改錯題對介詞的考查，重點(diǎn)是一些固定搭配，再如：

WhenI have free timeI go^along walk..for，因此，同學(xué)們在學(xué)習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí)中應(yīng)牢記一些固定搭配。

5.缺連詞In one class,l learned^ it rained.why【解析】本句因缺連詞而造成句子成分殘缺，只有加上why，句子的意義才完整。

【知識拓寬】

(1)在漢語中，分句與分句之間往往不用連詞，但在英語中卻不行。

It began to rain,^ they had to stop working.and

(2)受母語影響，幾個同類詞并列連用時，它們之間往往缺一連詞。

CDi told Mother, Father, Sister,^ all my friends herewhat a great time I had.and②He looked inside but saw nothing.(3)that引導(dǎo)的主語從句置于句首時，that常常不能省。

That light travels in straight line is known to all.(4)引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞that，when等常不可省。

(DThe doctors came to the conclusion that the patientwas suffering from cancer.②i have no idea when he will return(5)在even if，even though，as if'as though等短語中，第二個連詞不能少。

He walks as if/though he were drunk

三、錯詞

1.可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)誤用

(l)They were eager to know everything about Chinaand asked me lots of question

(2)We study quite a few subject, such as maths,Chinese, English and physics.(3)We practise three times every week and oftenwatch football match on TV together.(4)She said that she and my schoolmate' all.wishedme success,.(5)?so that l'11 get good marks in all my subject.___

(6)?and many happy return of the day_____

(7)I used to love science class-all of them-biology,chemistry, geography, physics.【知識拓寬】

對名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的考查是高考的熱點(diǎn)之一，幾乎每年考查一處。因此，為了對名詞錯誤判斷準(zhǔn)確，應(yīng)該：

(1)弄清名詞是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞。

We stopped to rest for a while and to drink somewaters from a stream water

(2)掌握好可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)則。

There are branch library in many villages libraries

(3)要熟練運(yùn)用名詞的所有格。

2.時態(tài)誤用

(l)We havea good tinte talking and laughing together.had

(2)I learn about you from my English teacher, MissFang.learned

(3)I was a member of our school football team am

(4)I arn happy with any programme but the othersspent a lot of time...was

(5)I remembered her words and calm down calmed

(6)They did not want me to do any w,ork at home do【知識拓寬】

動詞時態(tài)是短文改錯考查的熱點(diǎn)之一，一般說來每年考查一處，而且近幾年高考主要考查現(xiàn)在時與過去時的使用，再如：I had an examination on Monday moming.have

3.非謂語動詞誤用

(l)It was very kind of them to meet me.at the railwaystation and drove meto their home drive

(2)I look forward to hear from you soon hearing

(3)Play football not only makes us grow up...Playing

(4)I was often alittle tired after a day's work andwatch TV demands very little effort.watching【知識拓寬】

(1)由以上考例可見，v.-mg形式作主語、賓語或狀語是考查的熱點(diǎn)。

CDi'ii spend the whole weekend reading and preparefor it.preparing②After learn the basics of the subject, nothing elseseemed very practical to me.learning

(2)過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別是另一考查熱點(diǎn)。此時重點(diǎn)要看分詞與主語或邏輯主語的關(guān)系。

①After an hour or so, we began to feel veryfrightening.frightened②?but now l am interesting in football.interested(3)被動語態(tài)中的過去分詞誤用成動詞原形。

Books may be keep for four weeks.kept(4)掌握好動詞不定式帶to與不帶to的差異。

(5)有些動詞后接不定式，有些動詞后接動名詞，應(yīng)分別牢記這些動詞。

4.主謂不一致

(1)Playing football not only makes us grow up talland strong but alsoglve us a sense of fair play and teamspirit.gives

(2)Now my picture and the prize is hanging in thelibrary.are【知識拓寬】

(1)謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一般取決于前面主語的單復(fù)數(shù)。

Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing toborrow them.costs

(2)not only;一but also, neither.—nor.一，either.or..-等并列連詞連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)采取就近一致原則。

(3)There be結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動詞也應(yīng)采取就近一致原則。

But then there is always more mysteries to look into.are

(4)注意把集合名詞(如family，class，team等)和不定代詞(如all，none等)放在具體語境中，判斷其謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。

5.代詞不一致

(l)The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.their

(2)And they must not break the rules too often if wewant to win the game.we(3)Now someone at home reads instead.everyone/everybody【知識拓寬】

(1)根據(jù)上下文判斷，出現(xiàn)了代詞不一致。

①1 felt that it helped me understand how the worldworks.they②They have been to Europe many timesWe

(2)傾向于考查學(xué)生對不定代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞以及代詞的主格與賓格等諸方面知識的掌握與運(yùn)用能力。

And I can’t forget the good food you cooked forl me

(3)人稱代詞性別上的誤用也是常見的錯誤形式之一。

6.連詞誤用

(l)~esaid that she and my schoolmates all wished mesuccass,but it didn’t matter thatI would win or notwhether【解析】it為形式主語，whether l would win or not是真正的主語，意為“我是否能贏”。

(2)lt looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor andaguest.or【解析】句意為：看起來我的父母親把我當(dāng)成了“visitor”或“guest”。二者為選擇關(guān)系而非并列關(guān)系，故將and改為or。

(3)It is a very important exam butI can't afford tofail it.and/so【解析】此處應(yīng)是并列或因果關(guān)系，而非轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

【知識拓寬】

(1)正確掌握各連詞的含義及其在從句中的應(yīng)用。

①?because I felt that they helped me understandwhat the world works.how②Most people can quickly get help from a doctor orgo to a hospital sir ce they areill when/if

(2)熟練應(yīng)用表示并列、選擇、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等關(guān)系的連詞：and, or, but, so, therefore, however等.①She was smiling but nodding at me.and②Therefore, there are still some countries wherepeople have shorter lives.However

(3)弄清whether和if的含義及用法區(qū)別。

?and whether you pay the cost of sending apostcard,the librarian will write to you.if

7.關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞誤用

I live inBeijing,where is the capital of China.which【解析】此處是非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系代詞which作主語。

【知識拓寬】

(1)正確區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞之間的區(qū)別，尤其是that和which的區(qū)別。

?in other places you are limited to.a certainnumber, of that some may be novels.which

(2)正確區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別，并掌握它們的用法。

However,there are still some countries there peoplehave shorter lives.where

8.詞性誤用

(1)Also the sport teaches us the important ofobedience.importance【解析】本句應(yīng)該用名詞importance作動詞teach的直接賓語。

(2)Unfortunate, there are too many people in myfamily.Unfortunately【解析】此處應(yīng)該用副詞unfortunately作狀語，意為“不幸的是”。

(3)After learning the basics of the subject,nothingelse seemed very practically to me.practical【解析】。eem為系動詞，后面應(yīng)接形容詞作表語。

【知識拓寬】

詞性誤用指的是動詞與名詞混淆，副詞與形容詞混淆等。這就要求我們在平時學(xué)習(xí)中重視詞性及各類詞在句中的基本功能。再如：

I'm sure we'IIhave 8 wonderfully time together.wonderful

9.限定詞誤用

(1)Today I visited the Smiths-my first visit to aAmerican family.an【解析】American為元音音素開頭的單詞，故應(yīng)用部定冠詞 an

(2)wemay be one family and live under a sameroof，?the【解析】same意為“同樣的”，前面應(yīng)加定冠詞the。

10.近義詞混用They did not want me to do any work at family......home【解析】family側(cè)重指“家庭這個結(jié)構(gòu)或家里的人。，而home則側(cè)重指“家庭的所在地”。因此，“在家里”應(yīng)用athome。

【知識拓寬】

在英語中，有許多同義詞、近義詞和反義詞，在平時學(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)抓好基礎(chǔ)，牢記每一個詞的基本含義。再如：.Uncle Ben will alsogo back for Christmas.come總之，平時學(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對基礎(chǔ)知識的積累，熟練掌握高考詞匯、基本詞法、句法，同時還應(yīng)加強(qiáng)閱讀能力的訓(xùn)練。因?yàn)?，較快的閱讀速度、較好的語感和牢固的基礎(chǔ)知識是做好短文改錯的重要前提。平時訓(xùn)練短文改錯時，不應(yīng)只是為了做題而做題，而應(yīng)善于總結(jié)、摸索答題的規(guī)律。

參考答案

一、1.(3)go to school;in prison;at table(4)play basketball;play chess

三、1.(1)question-*questions(2)subject—subjects(3)match-*matches(4)schoolmate—+ schoolmates(5)subject-+ subjects(6)return—.retums(7)class-classes

第四篇：經(jīng)典短文改錯

動詞形，名詞數(shù)。還要注意形和副，物ing,修人用ed。遇連詞，必停住，多詞少詞須關(guān)注，介詞冠詞占多數(shù)，固定搭配非謂語，反身代時主賓同。短文改錯錯不錯，每句至少改一個。

1.The day is my dad’s birthday.This afternoon I went to the shopping center downtown, and hesitated for 猶豫(v)a moment,and then offered my seat to her.The old lady thanked me a lot and sat [be] ready to help others in the future.2.Two years ,I travelled to BT and Ia car.Unfortunate[~ly],I had an accident and hit another car,and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two Iaway,and that my mother would not sleep if she knew.Therefore,I told them stories and how I was enjoying BT.As a result,nobody knew[the] truth.I still think that it was the righ thing to do.3.The world is not only hungry,but also 渴的(adj).this may strange,since nearly 70 % of the earth’s surface is covered with water.Man and most of the animals can only drink and use the 10% of the water---fresh water.The need for water is day by day.Only when steps are taken to deal with this problem immediate [~ly],can we avoid a serve worldwide water shortage短缺(n)later on.One of the first [is]to develop ways to reuse to a water purifying it can be separated from waste matters and treated with 4.[2012唐山is a sick friend,or attend a wedding or[a] birthday party.I still remember one day last year when Tom,a disabled some flowers to his mother to express his gratitude.He life to his mother’s patient was finally admitted to a key university.’hurt.With tears in her eyes,she could do nothing butfor help.Zhang li ran “take it easy”he said.Then he sent her to a nearby hospital.That[it] was not long before the girl’6.Mr.smith had an 8-year-old son named tony,who enjoyed listening to music very much.So he a [for]Tony,hoping that he could become [a] famous pianist one day.The little boy into the piano day after day and seemd to enjoy if you don’tAttend v.出席，到場，參加bleed n.血 v.流血handkerchief n.手絹，紗布，絲綢confidence n.自信，信心

第五篇：短文改錯

短文改錯

（一）I am interested at swimming very much.At first, I went swimming just to keep health.Now my dream was to swim for my country in the Olympics.Though practicing in the pool is very bored, but I still work very hard in order to realize my dream.Because my hard work, I have already come first in much important competitions.In the competitions, I’ve made lot of friends and we’re very close.It’s much easier to have friends which are swimmers because they also have to get up early to practice like you and they understand this kind of life.短文改錯

（二）One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begun to cry.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later.Tony saw parents.Mom said,” How nice to see you again!Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.短文改錯

（三）Last summer vacation, I went on a school trip with mine classmates.We visited a farm in a countryside.We took a bus for a while, and then we walked here.We saw a lot of different kinds trees and villages along the way.Some farmers were worked hard in the farm when we arrived.One of the farmer showed us around, introducing differently crops to us.We fed chickens, picked some green apples and took up many beautiful photos.It was really interesting and at the same time, I learned a lot about farming.What an excited school trip!

短文改錯

（四）I’ve been playing baseball for six year and I’m the only girl on an all-boys baseball team.Our strict coach wants us do our best when we are playing.So it’s not always about winning.He also tells us to just smile and enjoyed ourselves.I take advice he gives me and bring them to my game.Some people say girls can’t play baseball.Hear that doesn’t get me mad.Instead, it makes me play more harder.I want to be knew for being a good player, not just for being the only girl on the team.If you’re a girl who want to play ball, just play you heart out!

短文改錯

（五）My uncle drove his car meet his friends.When he found there was still some time leaving before the train had arrived, he wanted to take a short sleep.He was falling sleep when a woman came and asked him the time.He opened his eye and answered, “Half past eight.” With a “Thank you!” a woman left.On a short while this happened again.So my uncle wrote “I don’t know the time” on a piece of paper and put them on the window of the car.A few minutes late, an old man came and woke him up, “Hi, young man.I can tell you that time it is.It’s nine o’clock now.”

短文改錯

（六）When I began my senior high school years, I had difficulty to learning English.I dared not speak English in the public because of my poor pronounce.I could not get high marks, but I always used bad grammar.Afraid of be laughed at, I never put up my hand answer questions in class.When my English teacher Miss Li learned about this, she encouraged me and lend me a hand, that helped improve my English.With her help, I became interest in English and finally got high marks.Miss Li, like a shining star, shines on her path to success.短文改錯

（七）Dear Tim, How time flies!It has been a month since you go to America.What is everything going? Next weekend I will take part in a national English speaking competition to be holding in Shanghai.It will be a good chance to improve your English and make friends with students from other part of China.But right now I’m not sure that I can remember all the words for a competition.Anyway, I will hope I can get a good result.I am looking forward seeing you again and hope we can have a true great time then.Yours, Li Hua

短文改錯

（八）As a service dog, Sandy’s job is help manage a medical condition I have.My condition can be dangerously.When something bad happen, Sandy will tell my parents immediately.Of course, I help take care of Sandy, too.I feed him, walk him, but even take him just about everywhere I go.If I don’t bring Sandy to me, he will get upset.Once he stays with my grandparents for a few hours while my parents and I went to the beach.Sandy was upset in the whole time.He never stopped look for me.When I got home, he was such happy that he rushed to me.I love his dog very much.4