第一篇：動(dòng)詞ING形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

動(dòng)詞ING形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)用法

當(dāng)v-ing形式作主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)，且它的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，就需要使用v-ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

如：Do you mind waiting here? 你介意在這兒等會(huì)兒?jiǎn)幔?wait的邏輯主語(yǔ)即句子主語(yǔ)you，所以直接用v-ing形式。

再如：Do you mind my/me smoking here? 你介意我在這兒抽煙嗎？ smoke的邏輯主語(yǔ)是my和me，而不是句子主語(yǔ)you，所以必須使用v-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

其具體用法如下：

1.做句子主語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能是：形容詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格 + v-ing形式。如：My being late made him angry.我的遲到使得他很生氣。

Mary's marrying such an old man made us all surprised.瑪麗嫁給那么老的男人讓我們都很驚訝。

2.做句子賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能是：形容詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格/人稱代詞賓格 + v-ing形式。

如：Would you mind my/me opening the window? It's too hot inside.你會(huì)介意我打開(kāi)窗戶嗎？里面太熱了。

The reason for the teacher's being angry was Tom's entering the classroom without permission.老師生氣的原因是湯姆未經(jīng)許可就進(jìn)入了教室。

第二篇：動(dòng)詞ing形式教案

動(dòng)詞的ing形式

1.-ing分詞的構(gòu)成

-ing分詞是由動(dòng)詞原形加詞尾-ing構(gòu)成。-ing分詞同樣有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化.-ing分詞的否定形式是由not 加-ing分詞構(gòu)成。如：

Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等著。

His not coming made all of us angry.他沒(méi)來(lái)使我們大家都很生氣。

2.-ing分詞的一般式和完成式：

-ing分詞的一般式表示和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

Being a student, he was interested in books.作為一個(gè)學(xué)生，他對(duì)書本很感興趣。

3.-ing分詞的被動(dòng)式：

-ing分詞的被動(dòng)式表示它的邏輯主語(yǔ)是-ing分詞動(dòng)作的承受者。

The question being discussed is very important.正在被討論的問(wèn)題很重要。

注意：在need, want, require, be worth等動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))后，作賓語(yǔ)的-ing分詞常用主動(dòng)形式來(lái)表示被動(dòng)含義。如：

Your shoes need cleaning.= Your shoes need to be cleaned.你的鞋需要清洗一下了。

This book is well worth reading.這本書很值得一看。

4.-ing分詞的語(yǔ)法作用

-ing分詞一方面具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，另一方面也相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞或形容詞、副詞，在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等。

1)–ing分詞（短語(yǔ)）作主語(yǔ)：

Laying eggs is the ant queen??s full-time job.產(chǎn)卵是蟻后的專職工作。

Saying is easier than doing.說(shuō)比做容易。

2)-ing分詞（短語(yǔ)）作表語(yǔ)：

His hobby is collecting stamps.他的愛(ài)好是收集郵票。

The problem is quite puzzling.這個(gè)問(wèn)題很令人困惑。

3)-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)：

①–ing分詞作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)。如：I suggest doing it in a different way.我建議用另一種方法做這件事。

We enjoy attending Miss Li??s class.我們喜歡聽(tīng)李老師的課。

②-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)也可用在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中作真正的賓語(yǔ)，而用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。如：

I don?t think it possible living in such a cold place.我認(rèn)為住在這么寒冷的地方是不可能的。

Do you consider it any good trying again? 你覺(jué)得再試一次會(huì)有好處嗎？

③-ing分詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)，經(jīng)常用在一些短語(yǔ)的后面。如：

I??m against inviting him to dinner.我反對(duì)邀請(qǐng)他來(lái)吃飯。

They don?t feel like walking that much.他們不喜歡走那么多路。

He went to London in the hope of being a famous painter.他去了倫敦，希望能成為一個(gè)著名的畫家。

此類短語(yǔ)還有很多。如：look forward to（渴望，盼望）, be proud of（以……自豪）, insist on（堅(jiān)持）, think of（考慮，想到）, dream of（夢(mèng)想）, hear of（聽(tīng)說(shuō)）, prevent…from（防止，阻止）, keep…from（防止，阻止）, stop…from（防止，阻止）, depend on（依靠，依賴）, thank…for（因……而道謝）, excuse…for（因……而道歉）, aim at（目的在于）, devote…to（獻(xiàn)身于）, set about（著手做）, be/get used to（習(xí)慣于）, be fond of（喜歡）, be afraid of（害怕）, be tired of（對(duì)……厭煩）, be interested in（對(duì)……感興趣）

注意：在有些句子中，介詞?？墒∪ァＨ纾?/p>

I have no difficulty(in)talking with foreigners.我在和外國(guó)人交談方面沒(méi)有什么困難。

He used to spend a lot of time(in)playing games.過(guò)去他?；ê芏鄷r(shí)間玩游戲。

另外，-ing分詞可以和一些介詞如in, on, after, against, before, by, for, without, besides等構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。

He left ahead of time without saying a word.他一句話也沒(méi)說(shuō)就提前離開(kāi)了。

Besides cooking and sewing, she had to take care of four children.除了做飯和縫紉以外，她還要照顧四個(gè)孩子。

4)-ing分詞作定語(yǔ)：

①單個(gè)的分詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾詞的前面。如：

reading room 閱覽室 swimming pool 游泳池 dining car 餐車 sleeping car 臥車 singing competition 歌詠比賽 waiting room 候車室 a waiting car 一輛等待著的車 a sleeping child一個(gè)酣睡的孩子 flying fish 飛魚 the exciting news令人振奮的消息 a boring speech令人乏味的演出

②-ing分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面，也相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如：

Who is the comrade standing by the door? 站在門邊的同志是誰(shuí)？ They lived in a house facing south.他們住在一所朝南的房子里。

5)-ing分詞做狀語(yǔ)：

①-ing分詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)可由連詞when, while引出。如：

While reading the book, he nodded from time to time.他一邊看書，一邊不時(shí)地點(diǎn)頭。

Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.看到那些畫，他想起了她的童年。

②-ing分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。如：

Not knowing his address, I can?t send this book to him.因?yàn)椴恢浪牡刂罚也荒馨堰@本書送給他。

Many of us, being so excited, couldn?t go to sleep that night.因?yàn)榉浅＜?dòng)，那晚我們?cè)S多人都沒(méi)睡著。

③–ing分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。如：

His father died, leaving him a lot of money.他父親死了，留給他許多錢。

④-ing分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中間，表示主語(yǔ)的另一個(gè)、較次要的動(dòng)作。如：

They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky.他們?cè)谀莾赫玖税胄r(shí)，觀察著天上的星星。

Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.年輕人跟在老人的后面開(kāi)始慢慢地走起來(lái)。

⑤-ing分詞間或也可作條件狀語(yǔ)和讓步狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。如：

A person standing at the foot of a high mountain will find himself very small.一個(gè)人如站在大山的腳下會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很渺小。

Knowing all this, they made me pay for the books.盡管知道了一切情況，他們還是要我把書買下。

注：-ing分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是整個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)。

⑥“with/without+名詞普通格或代詞賓格+-ing分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨情況或時(shí)間、原因等。如：

His hair became grey with the years passing.隨著時(shí)間的推移，他的頭發(fā)變花白了。

Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window.沒(méi)人注意，他從窗戶溜了出去。

6)-ing分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：

①--ing分詞可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find等動(dòng)詞后面和一個(gè)名詞或代詞構(gòu)成一個(gè)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。如：

I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.我下車的時(shí)候注意到一個(gè)男人匆匆忙忙地從銀行里跑出來(lái)。

Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop.昨晚，店主在商店里抓到一個(gè)小孩在偷東西。

②上面這類句子也可變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，這時(shí)，-ing分詞可看成是主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。如：

We were kept waiting for quite a long time.讓我們等了好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。

Jily was never heard singing that song again.人們?cè)僖矝](méi)有聽(tīng)到吉麗唱這首歌了。

5.-ing分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：

-ing分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)通常由物主代詞、人稱代詞賓格、名詞所有格或者名詞的普通格+-ing分詞構(gòu)成，在句子開(kāi)頭時(shí)必須用物主代詞和名詞所有格，通常在句中作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。如：

His coming made us very happy.他的到來(lái)使我們大家都很高。

He was awakened by someone?s knocking at the door.他被某人的敲門聲吵醒了。

1.–ing分詞作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)時(shí)與不定式的區(qū)別：

-ing分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的主要區(qū)別在于：在表示比較抽象的一般的多次性行為時(shí)多用-ing分詞；在表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作，特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作時(shí)，多用不定式。如：

Smoking is forbidden here.（泛指吸煙）這里禁止吸煙。

It?s not good for you to smoke so much.（指你吸煙）吸這么多煙對(duì)你的身體不好。

My job is teaching.我的工作是教書。

My job is to teach you English this term.我這一學(xué)期的工作是教你們英語(yǔ)。

2.能接-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞：

mind（介意）, enjoy（欣賞，）, finish（完成）, keep（保持）, miss（錯(cuò)過(guò)）, 等。

3.有些動(dòng)詞既能接不定式，又能接-ing分詞，含義有所不同。如：

①forget, remember, regret等詞后面接不定式表示不定式動(dòng)作后于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作，而后接-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)表示分詞動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作。如：

Do you remember seeing me before? 你記得以前見(jiàn)過(guò)我嗎？

Remember to lock the door when you leave.離開(kāi)時(shí)要記得鎖門。

②動(dòng)詞mean, stop, try, go on等動(dòng)詞后面接分詞和接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，意思也有所不同。如：

I try not to think about that.我盡量不去想那件事。

Would you please try doing that again? 請(qǐng)你再試一次好嗎？

He stopped talking when the bell rang.鈴響的時(shí)候，他停止了講話。While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times.工作的時(shí)候，他不時(shí)地停下來(lái)和湯姆談話。

注意：有時(shí)人們把stop后的動(dòng)詞不定式理解為目的狀語(yǔ)。

③動(dòng)詞allow, advise等可直接跟-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)，不可以接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。如：

Please allow me to say a few words.請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我說(shuō)幾句話。

We don?t allow smoking here.我們這兒不允許吸煙。

④動(dòng)詞need, require, want作“需要”解時(shí)，后面接-ing分詞或不定式的被動(dòng)式。如：

The room wants cleaning/to be cleaned.這個(gè)房間需要打掃。

These little children require looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully.這些小孩需要細(xì)心地照料。

⑤動(dòng)詞like, hate, prefer等后面，如表示一般性動(dòng)作，多用-ing分詞；如指特定的具體的某次動(dòng)作，多用不定式。

I like swimming, but I don?t like to swim with you.我喜歡游泳，但我不喜歡和你一起游泳。

I prefer walking to school every day.我情愿每天步行去學(xué)校。

I prefer to stay at home today.今天我情愿呆在家里。

V-ing形式的用法和意義

V-ing形式包括動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)）1.動(dòng)名詞

動(dòng)名詞是指具有名詞性質(zhì)，可以在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。但不能單獨(dú)做謂語(yǔ)的v-ing形式； 1)動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)的用法：

動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，在口語(yǔ)中也可以表示具體的動(dòng)作。e.g.Painting is his hobby.(繪畫是他的愛(ài)好。)注意：①動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)和不定式作主語(yǔ)一樣，也可以用it作形式主語(yǔ)。e.g.It is no use talking without doing.(光說(shuō)不做沒(méi)有用。)②不定式作主語(yǔ)往往表示具體的特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作；

e.g.It?s so hot, what I want to do now is to have a swim in a river.(天這么熱，現(xiàn)在我想做的事就是在河里游泳。)2)動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的用法：

(1)有些動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后常用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)；

e.g.advise, advise, admit, appreciate, avoid, can?t help, consider, delay, excuse, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep(on), mind, practice, suggest, understand, miss, give up, insist on, think of, dream of, hear of, depend on, feel like, devote…to…, get used to, can?t stand, prevent / stop / keep…from…, look forward to, have difficulty in, be fond of…, be proud of, object to, set about, thank for, put off , stick to, suggest, think of, dream of, hear of, depend on, get used to, prevent / stop / keep…from ,have difficulty in, be fond of, be proud of, object to, set about, thank for等。

(2)在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，如有名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)，則構(gòu)成“～名詞/代詞+to do sth.(賓補(bǔ))”形式。

e.g.We don’t allow smoking here.(我們這兒不允許吸煙。)We don?t allow anybody to smoking here.(我們這兒不允許任何人吸煙。)(3)動(dòng)詞need, regret want意為“需要”時(shí)，后跟動(dòng)名詞得到主動(dòng)式(表示被動(dòng)的含義，)或不定式的被動(dòng)式作賓語(yǔ)，意義沒(méi)有區(qū)別；

e.g.The window needs / requires / wants cleaning.= The window needs / requires / wants to be cleaned.(4)下列動(dòng)詞可用動(dòng)名詞，也可用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，意義區(qū)別不大：

begin, continue, like, love, prefer, start, hate等。(5)下列動(dòng)詞可用動(dòng)名詞，也可用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，意義有明顯的區(qū)別：

to do sth.：忘記去做某事(未做)①forget

doing sth.：忘記做過(guò)某事(已做)

to do sth.：記著去做某事（未做）②remember

doing sth.：記著做了某事（已做）

to do sth.：對(duì)即將做的事表示遺憾 ③regret

doing sth.：對(duì)做過(guò)的事表示遺憾 e.g.I regret to tell you that his father died.(很抱歉告訴你他父親過(guò)世了。)

I regret having done such a thing.(很后悔做了這樣的事。)

to do sth.：停下做另一件事（狀語(yǔ)）④stop

doing sth.：停止正在做的事情（賓語(yǔ)）

to do sth.：盡力去做某事

⑤try

doing sth.：試著做某事

to do sth.：打算要做某事

⑥mean

doing sth.：意味著，意思是，就是 e.g.Accepting the job means living abroad.(接受這項(xiàng)工作就意味著在國(guó)外居住。)

I didn?t mean to start an argument.(我不想和你吵。)

to do sth.：做完一件，繼續(xù)另一件事 ⑦go on

doing sth.：繼續(xù)原來(lái)做的那件事

e.g.Go on reading Lesson 3.Go on to read Lesson 3.⑧be used to

doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事

to do sth.被用來(lái)作某事

e.g.He id used to getting up early.Wood is used to make paper.⑨can’t help doing sth.禁不住做某事

to do sth.不能幫助做某事

e.g.After hearing the story, we couldn?t help laughing.I?m sorry that I can?t help you to finish the task.3)動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：

(1)形容詞性的形容詞性的物主代詞 + 動(dòng)名詞

e.g.his coming(2)名詞’s + 動(dòng)名詞

e.g.Tom’s arriving(3)代詞的賓格 + 動(dòng)名詞

e.g.him finishing(4)名詞 + 動(dòng)名詞

e.g.Tom coming 4)動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)

在時(shí)態(tài)上，動(dòng)名詞有一般時(shí)(doing)和完成時(shí)(having dong)兩種形式。當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生地時(shí)間不明確或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，或發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之后，用動(dòng)名詞的一般式；當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，常用動(dòng)名詞的完成式。

e.g.I enjoy playing football.(playing 的時(shí)間不明確)

He’s been used to going to bed late.(①和②兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生)

①

②

He is looking forward to seeing you soon.(②在①之后)①

②

I’m sorry for not having kept my promise.(②在①之前)

①

② 5)動(dòng)名詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)

在語(yǔ)態(tài)上，動(dòng)名詞有主動(dòng)式(doing, having done)和被動(dòng)式(being done, having been done).e.g.He insisted on sending her to hospital.He insisted on being sent to work in the countryside.2.現(xiàn)在分詞

由于V-ing形式的用法比較復(fù)雜，故在此只是對(duì)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)做一總結(jié)，(其與動(dòng)名詞的異同見(jiàn)3.)因此在這要特別注意現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作和主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之間的時(shí)間關(guān)系：

在時(shí)態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞有一般式(doing)和完成式(having done)兩種形式。當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的的動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式；當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的的動(dòng)作之前，則用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式；

e.g.Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.(當(dāng)她在公園散步時(shí)，他看到了一個(gè)老朋友。)

Having lived in the city for many years, I know it well.(因?yàn)樵谶@個(gè)城市住了多年，所以我對(duì)它非常了解。)

在語(yǔ)態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞有主動(dòng)式(doing, having done)和被動(dòng)式(being done, having been done)兩種形式。一般式表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或與主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行；完成式表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)動(dòng)作在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成了；

e.g.When being asked why he was late, he made no answer.(當(dāng)被問(wèn)及為什么遲到的時(shí)候，他沒(méi)有回答。)

Having been rebuilt this way, these temples look even more beautiful.(這些寺廟經(jīng)過(guò)這樣重建以后，更加美麗了。)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)

現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須是主句的主語(yǔ)，分詞必須和主句的主語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。

現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)）可以在句中作狀語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子，用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、讓步和伴隨狀況。其句型是：“現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)），主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 其他成分”

e.g.Standing on the top of the mountain, I could see the whole city.(站在山頂上，我能看見(jiàn)整個(gè)城市。)1)現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句；

Not knowing her telephone, we couldn?t get in touch with her.2)現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于when, while所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；

(1)當(dāng)分詞的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句的動(dòng)作隨之也發(fā)生時(shí)，可用分詞作狀語(yǔ)，放在主句前面，譯作“當(dāng)?的時(shí)候”，此時(shí)它可以置換成“on + 動(dòng)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，這種用法的動(dòng)詞都是瞬間動(dòng)詞，如：look, hear, see, return, open, leave, close等；

e.g.Hearing the news, they couldn?t help jumping.= On hearing the news, they couldn?t help jumping.(2)當(dāng)分詞的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生了，此時(shí)可以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，譯作“當(dāng)?的時(shí)候”，但它的前面一般加“when / while”。

e.g.When leaving the station, he waved again and again to me.(離開(kāi)車站時(shí)，他向我頻頻揮手。)(3)當(dāng)分詞的動(dòng)作完成以后，主句的動(dòng)作才發(fā)生，用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)作狀語(yǔ)，譯作“在?之后”，此時(shí)可以置換為“after + 動(dòng)名詞”。

3)現(xiàn)在分詞作方式狀語(yǔ)或伴隨狀語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生地背景或情況；

當(dāng)分詞的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，它可以轉(zhuǎn)換成并列句。

e.g.We explored the cave, Black acting as a guide.= We explored the cave, and Black acted as a guide.4)現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，通常放在句末，中間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，表示一種自然的結(jié)果

e.g.The snow lasted a week, resulting in serious traffic confusion in the whole city.(雪下了一星期，造成整個(gè)城市交通癱瘓。)5)現(xiàn)在分詞作讓步狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)分詞前可帶有連詞although, whether, even if, even though等；

e.g.Admitting what she said, I still think that she hasn?t tried her best.(盡管承認(rèn)她所說(shuō)的話，但我仍然認(rèn)為她沒(méi)有盡最大努力。)6)現(xiàn)在分詞作條件狀語(yǔ)，分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)表示一種假設(shè)的條件情況，相相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。在這種情況下，有時(shí)在分詞前面加上if, unless使條件更明顯；

e.g.Working hard, you?ll succeed.= If you work hard, you?ll succeed.3.動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的異同點(diǎn) 1)V-ing形式作表語(yǔ)

(1)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：

①動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)一般表示抽象性的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的位置可以互換；

e.g.Her job is teaching.②現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征，主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)不能交換位置；

e.g.He is washing the dishes.(2)表語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞的判斷方法：

①倒置法：即將句子中的主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)位置互換，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不動(dòng)，若新組成的句子與原句的意思相符，則句中的V-ing形式就是動(dòng)名詞，否則為現(xiàn)在分詞；

e.g.Her job is teaching English.(動(dòng)名詞)

Her job is interesting.(現(xiàn)在分詞)②加入法：在表語(yǔ)前加上副詞very，so, 或more, most等，句子意思通順、明確，則句中的V-ing形式為現(xiàn)在分詞，否則為動(dòng)名詞；

e.g.My job is(very)interesting.(現(xiàn)在分詞)

My job is(so)teaching English.(動(dòng)名詞)同時(shí)，還可以在表語(yǔ)后加個(gè)能作賓語(yǔ)的名詞，若句子正確則V-ing為動(dòng)名詞，否則為現(xiàn)在分詞； e.g.My job is interesting(you).(×)(現(xiàn)在分詞)

My job is teaching(you)English.(√)(動(dòng)名詞)③提問(wèn)法：能用how對(duì)表語(yǔ)提問(wèn)的是現(xiàn)在分詞，反之為動(dòng)名詞；能用what對(duì)表語(yǔ)提問(wèn)的是動(dòng)名詞，反之為現(xiàn)在分詞；

e.g.My job is interesting.How is your job?(現(xiàn)在分詞)

My job is teaching English.What is your job?(動(dòng)名詞)2)V-ing形式作定語(yǔ)

單個(gè)的V-ing形式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般放在被修飾詞的前面，而V-ing短語(yǔ)(一般為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ))作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般放在被修飾詞之后，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句； e.g.a waiting room

a dancing girl The man talking in my headmaster is my father.動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：

(1)現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))作定語(yǔ)與它所修飾的名詞之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示該動(dòng)作的主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行。即：將被修飾的名詞作主語(yǔ)，用be連接V-ing形式，邏輯上行得通，v-ing形式就為現(xiàn)在分詞，否則為動(dòng)名詞。

e.g.a sleeping boy = a boy is sleeping(現(xiàn)在分詞)

a dinning room ≠ a room is dinning(動(dòng)名詞)(2)動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)通常表示它所修飾的名詞的用途，它們之間不存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。即：我們也可以把be換成for來(lái)判斷。

e.g.a barking dog ≠ a dog for barking(現(xiàn)在分詞)

a sleeping car = a car is sleeping(動(dòng)名詞)3)V-ing形式(一般為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ))作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

在感管動(dòng)詞(see, find, notice, watch等)后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，這時(shí)V-ing形式和句子的賓語(yǔ)之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，并且V-ing形式表示賓語(yǔ)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

e.g.They saw the boys playing on the playground.

第三篇：后接動(dòng)詞的 ing形式有哪些動(dòng)詞

后接動(dòng)詞的 ing形式有哪些動(dòng)詞？

1.finishenjoylikepractiselook forward tokeepcontinuegive one’s life to

2.所有的介詞后面接動(dòng)詞的ing 形式如：thank you for doing sthbe good at doing sth

3．What about doing sth

4.mindmisssuggestadmitcan’t help

give upconsiderexcuseimagine

put offkeep on

后接動(dòng)詞原形的動(dòng)詞有哪些 ？ 1．

2．3．

4．5．

6．7． let sb do sthwhy not do sth ? make sb do sthget sb do sth had better do sthhad better not do sth help sb do sth see sb do sthwatch sb do sthhear sb do sth have to do sth

第四篇：六年級(jí)動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)和ing形式練習(xí)

找出劃線部分讀音與眾不同的單詞。(10分)

（）1.A.big

B.six

C.nice

D.miss

（）2.A.work

B.wall

C.whose

D.watch

（）3.A.sorry

B.brother

C.some

D.does

（）4.A.yesterday

B.family

C.day

D.Monday

（）5.A.hear

B.pear

C.ear

D.near

（）6.A.map

B.stamp

C.face

D.cat

（）7.A.three

B.those

C.their

D.these

（）8.A.food

B.foot

C.book

D.good

（）9.A.not

B.no

C.ink

D.ant

（）10.A.names

B.apples

C.faces

D.balls 動(dòng)詞第三人稱的單數(shù)

寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)

go_______stay________make______look________have_______ pass_______ carry____ come________ watch______ plant_______ study_______brush________do________teach_______ fly ________ 用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.He often ________(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _______(be)in Class One.3.We _______(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _______(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5.______ they ________(like)the World Cup? 6.What _______they often _______(do)on Saturdays? 7._______ your parents _______(read)newspapers every day? 8.The girl _______(teach)us English on Sundays.9.She and I ________(take)a walk together every evening.10.There ________(be)some water in the bottle.11.Mike _______(like)cooking.12.They _______(have)the same hobby.13.My aunt _______(look)after her baby carefully.14.You always _______(do)your homework well.15.I _______(be)ill.I’m staying in bed.16.She _______(go)to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Tao _______(do)not like PE.18.The child often _______(watch)TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have)eight lessons this term.20.－What day _______(be)it today? － It’s Saturday.三、按照要求改寫句子

1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)______________________________________________ 2.I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)______________________________________________ 4.Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)______________________________________________ 5.We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)______________________________________________ 6.He speaks English very well.(改為否定句)______________________________________________ 7.I like taking photos in the park.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))______________________________________________ 8.John comes from Canada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))______________________________________________ 9.She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)______________________________________________

動(dòng)詞的ing形式（進(jìn)行時(shí)）

寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：

play________run________swim_____ make_______ see________ go_________like________ write________ ski_______ read________ have______sing________dance_________put_________ buy_________love____________live_______take_________come____stop_____sit ________ begin________ shop___________ 用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：

1.The boy __________________(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _______________(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _________________(cook)some nice food now.4.What _____ you ______(do)now? 5.Look.They _______________(have)an English lesson.6.They ____________(not ,water)the flowers now.7.Look!the girls ________________(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen)to music.9.It’s 5 o’clock now.We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes? Yes ,she is.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：

1.They are doing housework.(分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句)______________________________________________ 2．The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定答)______________________________________________ 3．I’m playing the football in the playground.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))______________________________________________ 4．Tom is reading books in his study.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))_____________________________________________ 填空（將來(lái)時(shí)）

1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。

What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。

_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________.She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.4、你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。

What time _______ you _________ __________ meet? 改句子。

5、Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy ________ going to go camping.6.I’ll go and join them.（改否定）I _______ go ______ join them.7.I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music after school.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?

第五篇：英語(yǔ)中跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞用法小結(jié)

英語(yǔ)中跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞用法小結(jié)

陜西省丹鳳中學(xué)

佘君賢

在英語(yǔ)中,有許多能跟復(fù)合句的動(dòng)詞.為了學(xué)生更好的理解并掌握這些動(dòng)詞,現(xiàn)特意把這些動(dòng)詞做以歸納和終結(jié).1.get get somebody to do something(使某人做某事)

get something done（使某事被做）

get somebody / something doing（使某人或某物動(dòng)起來(lái)）eg: who got you to stand there?

I have got my homework finished.We must get the car running.2.make make somebody do something(讓某人做某事)make oneself done(使某人自己被--)make somebody /something +adj / n

eg: A good friend is someone who makes you happy.We make him monitor of our school.The teacher spoke loudly to make himself heard.I made him stand in the corner.=he was made to stand in the corner.3.have have somebody do something（使某人做某事）

have somebody /something doing something(使某人或某物一直做某事)have somebody /something done(使某人遭遇某事或使某事被作)The teacher had him repeat what he said.The man had the candle burning all the night.He had his leg broken.4.let somebody do something(讓某人做某事)5.keep somebody doing something（讓某人不斷的做某事）

keep somebody / something done(使某人或某物被作)keep somebody +adj /adv/ /prep phrase(使某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài))when he washes his hands , he keeps water running.The teacher kept us informed of the decision Please keep the door open /light on.6.leave somebody doing something(使某人不斷的做某事)leave something done(使某事被做)leave somebody / something +n /adj / prep phrase eg: leave the door open.He was left an orphan.7.catch somebody doing something(抓住某人正在做某事)he was caught cheating in the exam.8.see / watch /listen to/ hear / notice /feel /observe+n /pron/do something(看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事，指的是全過(guò)程)see / watch / listen to / hear / notice /feel /observe +n /pron doing something（看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事，指的是動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）

see /watch / notice /listen /listen to/ hear …+somebody /something done(看見(jiàn)某人或某事被作)I saw him play on the playground.He saw the begger beaten to death.9.find /think/ consider / make / believe+it +adj+to do/doing /that clause eg.He finds it difficult to learn a foreign language.10.consider consider somebody to be consider somebody to do something/ to be doing something /to have done something consider somebody to do something(認(rèn)為某人要做某事)consider somebody to be doing something(認(rèn)為某人正在做某事)consider somebody to have done something(認(rèn)為某人以作過(guò)某事)練一練

1.Cabbage is considered to____the first computer in the world.A.invent

B.be inventing

C.have invented

D.have been invented 2.Don’t leave the water ____)while you brush your teeth.A.run

B.running

C.to run

D.being run 3.He looked around and caught a man ___ his hand into his pocket of a passenger.A.put

B.to be putting

C.to put

D.putting 4.Seeing the road ___ with snow, we had to speed the holiday at home, watching TV.A.blocking

B.blocked

C.to block

D.to be blocked 5.A cook will be immediately fired if he’s found ___ in the kitchen.A.smoke

B smoking

C.to smoke

D.smoked