第一篇：石油工程英語現(xiàn)場會(huì)話
石油工程英語現(xiàn)場會(huì)話 內(nèi)容提要
隨著國內(nèi)、外鉆井市場的不斷拓展，國外鉆井和國內(nèi)反承包鉆井服務(wù)對(duì)既懂專業(yè)技術(shù)又會(huì)專業(yè)英語的工程技術(shù)人員和技術(shù)工人的需求不斷增加，而目前我國石油工程技術(shù)人員專業(yè)英語的對(duì)話能力存在不足，在實(shí)施鉆井作業(yè)過程中常常由于語言障礙，使得甲、乙雙方工程技術(shù)人員；技術(shù)工人和當(dāng)?shù)毓凸こ霈F(xiàn)交流困難，導(dǎo)致作業(yè)施工不暢，雙方合作難盡人意。鑒于上述原因，本書作者借助在國外鉆井隊(duì)、項(xiàng)目組從事多年現(xiàn)場翻譯的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，特別是同甲方現(xiàn)場監(jiān)督和當(dāng)?shù)毓凸さ膮f(xié)同工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，精心編寫了以鉆井作業(yè)現(xiàn)場為背景的石油工程英語情景會(huì)話。本書約40萬字，分9個(gè)場景分別對(duì)鉆井作業(yè)的施工過程進(jìn)行全方位的描述，包括基礎(chǔ)英語、鉆前工程、井間搬遷、甲方HSE官員和監(jiān)督的開鉆驗(yàn)收、鉆井施工作業(yè)、固井施工作業(yè)、完井施工作業(yè)、錄井施工作業(yè)、井控作業(yè)（理論）等情景會(huì)話（90%為對(duì)話），具有很強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性及實(shí)用性，對(duì)已在國外工作的、即將赴國外工作的或在國內(nèi)反承包鉆井作業(yè)中的工程技術(shù)人員和技術(shù)工人均有幫助。通過對(duì)本書的學(xué)習(xí)，掌握書中對(duì)話，能夠較好地、很快地適應(yīng)現(xiàn)場作業(yè)工作。
本書對(duì)石油院校的在校生也大有幫助，通過學(xué)習(xí)、了解書中對(duì)石油工程生產(chǎn)過程的描述，可以全面地、系統(tǒng)地了解石油工程的日常工作流程，從而獲得石油、天然氣生產(chǎn)工藝流程中鉆井施工作業(yè)全過程和整體概念，為畢業(yè)后盡快溶入生產(chǎn)第一線打下牢固的基礎(chǔ)。Petroleum Engineering English At Well-site CONTENTS I.Meeting at First Time & Greeting……………..1 初次見面及問候
II.Inspection of Site Construction………………..16 鉆前工程
III.Rig Move And Equipment Installation…………..2鉆井搬遷及設(shè)備安裝
IV.Equipment(Spudding)Inspection………………32 設(shè)備（開鉆）驗(yàn)收
V.Drilling Operation…………………………………51
鉆井作業(yè)
VI.Cement Job………………………………………103 固井作業(yè)
VII.Completion Job…………………………………..121
完井作業(yè)
VIII.Mud Logging Operation…………………………136 錄井作業(yè)
IX.Well Control & Drill Procedures………………..189
井控措施及防噴演習(xí)程序
X.Reading Material—Drilling Program…………..286
閱讀材料—鉆井作業(yè)程序
Chapter I.Meeting at First Time & Greeting 初次見面及問候
Wang Xiao-yu just graduated from the South-west Petroleum Institute, and was assigned to be the practice technician of No.17 Great Wall Drilling Crew.王小雨剛從西南石油學(xué)院畢業(yè)，分配到長城17鉆井隊(duì)當(dāng)實(shí)習(xí)技術(shù)員。
It was the first day that he reported to GW17 today.今天是他到長城17隊(duì)報(bào)到的第一天。
He met Mr.Chen Ming, the driller who came from the rig floor, at the well-site.在井場,他遇到了從鉆臺(tái)走下來的司鉆陳明。
He went to him and asked: “Excuse me, Sir.My name’s Wang Xiao-yu, a new practice technician of this Crew.”
于是他走了過去，詢問道：“你好！我是剛分來的實(shí)習(xí)技術(shù)員，我叫王小雨?！?/p>
“How do you do？ Welcome to our Crew.My name’s Chen Ming, the driller of No.3 Shift.May I help you?”
“你好！歡迎到隊(duì)上來。我是三班司鉆陳明。要幫忙嗎？
“Can you tell me where I can find the Rig Manager?” “告訴我哪里能找到平臺(tái)經(jīng)理？”
“Maybe he is in the Rig Manager Office, I think.Let me lead you there.” “我想他可能在平臺(tái)經(jīng)理辦公室里。我領(lǐng)你去吧！”
“Thank you.” “謝謝?！?/p>
The driller fervidly gave him a hand to carry his luggages to the office.司鉆陳明熱情地拎著王小雨的行李，領(lǐng)著他走向平臺(tái)經(jīng)理辦公室。
In the office, the Rig Manager, Mr.Peng Yuan-chun, was discussing the Operation Program to run 9 5/8” casing with his drilling engineer and Toolpushers.辦公室里，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理正在同鉆井工程師、帶班隊(duì)長商量下9 5/8”套管事項(xiàng)。
The driller knocked at the door, shouting: “Manager, the new practice technician is coming?” 陳明敲門，道：“彭經(jīng)理，隊(duì)上分來的實(shí)習(xí)技術(shù)員到了！”
“Come in, please.” “請(qǐng)進(jìn)，”
“Welcome to our Crew!” The Rig Manager met Wang Xiao-yu, who was a little nerval at the door, offering his hands and saying friendly: “My name’s Pen Yuan-chun, everyone calls me ‘A Chun’ or ‘George’.”
“歡迎到隊(duì)上來！”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理熱情道,向在門邊有點(diǎn)緊張的王小雨伸出雙手：“我叫彭遠(yuǎn)春，大家都叫我‘阿春’或‘George’！”
“How do you do!My name’s Wang Xiao-yu, the new practice technician of your Crew.” “你好！我叫王小雨，你隊(duì)的實(shí)習(xí)技術(shù)員，請(qǐng)多關(guān)照。
“Wang, let me introduce them to you.” “小王，我給你介紹介紹。”
“Thank you.” “謝謝！”
“This is Mr.Zhou Hua, the drilling engineer of our Crew.” “這位是我隊(duì)的鉆井工程師，周華。”
“How do you do!” “你好！”
“Hi!Welcome to join us.”
“你好！歡迎你加入我們的行列！”
“The two guys are Toolpushers, Lao Yang and Lao Zhang.” “這兩位是帶班隊(duì)長，老楊,老張?！?/p>
“How do you do!” “你們好！”
“Hello.Welcome.” “歡迎！”
After greeting, Wang Xiao-yu asked the Rig Manager urgently: “Manager, what shall I do now?” 寒暄之后，王小雨迫不及待地向平臺(tái)經(jīng)理道：“彭經(jīng)理，現(xiàn)在我該干什么？”
“Don’t worry, there are a lot of jobs for you to do in future.Now, Mr.Zhou will lead you to your caravan for a rest.He’ll be your master and he is in charge of arranging your work later.”
“別著急，以后有你工作干的。現(xiàn)在由周工領(lǐng)你去宿舍，他將是你的師傅，今后的工作由他安排?！?/p>
On the way to the caravan, Wang Xiao-yu said to Zhou in fear and trembling: “Mr.Zhou, I just came here and haven’t any drilling experiences, I am afraid…”
在去宿舍的路上，王小雨忐忑地對(duì)周工說：“周工，我剛到井隊(duì)，沒任何鉆井經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我心里 沒底??？”
“Don’t worry, young fellow.After completing a well, everything you’ll obtain.” “小伙子，別擔(dān)心。當(dāng)你打完一口井后什么底你都有了。”
“Really?” “是嗎？”
“Yeah.I remembered when I came to the Drilling Crew for the first time, I had the same feelings as yours, full of anxieties.”
“當(dāng)然。記得我剛到井隊(duì)時(shí)，跟你心情一樣，充滿了焦慮和忐忑?！?/p>
“So, how many years have you been in the Drilling Crew?” “劉工，你在井隊(duì)干了幾年了？”
“Ten years.” “10年了。”
“How many years to be a drilling engineer?” “當(dāng)了幾年工程師？”
“Five years.” “5年?！?/p>
“And how many wells have you completed?” “打了多少口井？”
“Let me think.Eight, at least.” “我想一想，至少有8口吧！”
“Including this one?” “包括這一口井嗎？”
“No.”
“不包括這口井。”
“Oh!You must have accumulated rich drilling experiences.I’d learn from you more.” “??！那你肯定積累了豐富的鉆井經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我得多向你學(xué)著點(diǎn)?！?/p>
“Learn from each other.” “互相學(xué)習(xí)吧！”
“How are about the depth in this region?” “這地區(qū)打的井深不深？”
“Normally are deep wells.The TD(total depth)is usually over 4500m.The design depth of this well is 5015m.”
“一般都是深井。井深都在4500米以上。這口井的設(shè)計(jì)井深是5015米。”
“So deep.When was it spud in?” “這么深呀。什么時(shí)候開的鉆？”
“March 18, 2002.Now the depth is 2985m.We are preparing for running 9 5/8” casing.” “2002年3月18日?，F(xiàn)在的井深是2985米，正準(zhǔn)備下9 5/8”套管。”
“When will it be completed, you estimate?” “預(yù)計(jì)什么時(shí)候完鉆？”
“In four months, I estimate, according to the present progress, if everything is normal.” “如果正常的話，按目前進(jìn)度，估計(jì)4個(gè)月后完井?！?/p>
“ROP(rate of penetration)is high?”
“這口井的機(jī)械鉆速（鉆速）高嗎？”
“Just so-so, 1.2m per hour in average.Maybe you don’t know how difficult to drill in this area.The geological conditions are very complex.It has the features of high pressure, high H2S, high dip angle, more faults, loss circulation formations and poor drillability.”
“還行，平均1.2米/小時(shí)。你不知道在這地區(qū)鉆井有多難，其地質(zhì)情況十分復(fù)雜，具有高壓、高含硫、高傾角、斷層、漏層多、可鉆性差的特點(diǎn)。”
They arrived at Mr.Wang Xiao-yu’s caravan during their conversation.交談中，他們到了分配給王小雨的臥室前。
“Here we are.Xiao Wang, take a good rest first.See you at the rig-site tomorrow.Good-bye.” “到了，小王，你先休息，我們明天井場上見。再見！”
“Bye-bye.”
明天井場上見。再見！”
When the first sun rayed in the next morning, Wang Xiao-yu, who was excited a whole night, got up very early, putting on his new working uniforms and going to the rig-site.He wanted himself to be familiar with the working circumstances as soon as possible.天剛放亮，激動(dòng)一宿的王小雨早早起床，穿上嶄新的工裝來到井場。他想盡快地熟悉新的工作環(huán)境。He climbed up the rig floor first.首先，他登上鉆臺(tái)。
“Good morning, Mr.Chen?” he greeted the driller who was holding the brake handle.“早上好，陳明？”他向扶剎把的司鉆問候道。
“Morning, Wang.You got up so early!” “早上好，王技術(shù)員。你起得真早?！?/p>
“I’d like to have a look first,” said he, smiling, “How about the well condition?” “我想先看看?！彼Φ?；“井況如何？”
“Normal Drilling.” “正常鉆進(jìn)?！?/p>
“The depth now?”
“現(xiàn)在的井深是多少？”
“2993 meters.” “2993米?！?/p>
“The level(horizon)now?” “現(xiàn)在的鉆進(jìn)層位？” “Jialingjiang.” “嘉陵江”
“Tell me the present drilling parameters, OK?” “告訴我目前的鉆井參數(shù),好嗎？”
“No problem.” “好的?！?/p>
“We are using 8 1/2” bit to drill now,” said the driller as he watched the gauges on the driller’s control console: “Rotary speed, 63rpm;Pump pressure, 17.5 to 18.5Mpa;WOB(Weight on bit), 14 tons;Torque, 5000ft.lb;Displacement, 364gpm;(NO.1);Pump stroke, 60 to 70spm.” “現(xiàn)在使用8 1/2”鉆頭鉆進(jìn)，”司鉆邊說邊看著司控臺(tái)上的儀表，道：“轉(zhuǎn)速63rpm，泵壓17.5-18.5Mpa，鉆壓14噸，扭矩5000ft.lb，排量23l/s，泵沖（1號(hào)泵）60-70spm?！?/p>
“Why drilling with single pump?” “為何只用單泵鉆進(jìn)?”
“Small size hole(slim hole), single pump can completely satisfy the needs of drilling.” “小井眼,單泵就能滿足鉆井需要”
“In which condition, two pumps are to be used?” “什么情況下使用雙泵呢？”
“To drill big size hole.”
“大尺寸井眼就需要雙泵?！?/p>
“Oh, I see.”
“哦，我明白了?！?/p>
At this moment, the machinist stepped on the floor.Chen Ming introduced Wang Xiao-yu to him.They two greeted each other.這時(shí)，機(jī)械大班走上鉆臺(tái)，陳明把王小雨介紹給他。他們相互問候。
“Mr.Hu, how about the rated drawworks horsepower of ZJ70D rig?” “胡大班，ZJ70D鉆機(jī)的絞車額定功率是多少？”
“2000 horsepower.” “2000馬力?！?/p>
“Drilling Capacity?” “鉆深能力呢？”
“If drilling with 4 1/2” drill pipe, 7000m.If with 5” drill pipe, 6000m at least.” “用4 1/2”鉆桿能鉆7000米井深。用5”鉆桿能鉆6000米井深?！?/p>
“Oh, 6000 meters with 5” drill pipe.” Wang exclaimed in surprise, then he continued, “So the open diameter of the rotary table must be 37 1/2”?” “哇，5”鉆桿可以鉆6000米。”王小雨發(fā)出一聲驚嘆，繼續(xù)道：“轉(zhuǎn)盤的開口直徑是37 1/2”的嗎？”
“You’re right.The model is ZP-37.5.”” “是的，型號(hào)是ZP-37.5”?！?/p>
“How many gears of the rotary table?” “轉(zhuǎn)盤有幾個(gè)擋？”
“No gears.The electric rig has no gears.It’s a stepless speed regulation.” “沒有擋。電動(dòng)鉆機(jī)是無極調(diào)速的?！?/p>
“But I heard that the rig has four forward and two reverse gears before.” “可我以前聽說鉆機(jī)有四個(gè)正擋兩個(gè)倒擋呀?！?/p>
“Really? That means the mechanical rig.” “是嗎？四正兩倒是指機(jī)械鉆機(jī)?！?/p>
“Oh, I see.” Wang nodded, asking:“How about the height? I mean the derrick and the substructure.”
“哦，明白了。”王小雨點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，問道“井架和底座高度？”
“The derrick is 43.5 meters in height and the substructure is 9 meters high.” “井架43.5米，底座9米。”
“ How about the setback capacity?” Wang asked curiously.“能排多少柱鉆鋌、鉆桿？”王小雨好奇地問。
“220 stands of drill collar and drill pipe.” “220柱的鉆鋌、鉆桿”
“Wind load capacity?” “井架的風(fēng)載能力？”
“With drill string, 120km per hour.” “帶鉆具，132公里/小時(shí)。”
“Mr.Hu, you know I am a new guy.Show me around, Ok?” “胡大班，我是新人，帶我各處走走，好嗎？”
“It’s my pleasure.” “那可是給我賞臉了。”
They came to the pump house, Mr.Hu pointed to the mud pumps, introducing: “These two 3NB-1600 triplex single-action pumps were manufactured by Baoji Petroleum Mechanical Works.”
他們來到泵房，胡大班指著泥漿泵，介紹道：“這兩臺(tái)泵是寶雞產(chǎn)3NB-1600三缸單作用泥漿泵?！?/p>
“Which size of the liner is available?” “適用哪種缸套？”
“150、160、170，180、190mm all are available.We normally use two sizes, 170mm and 180mm liner.”
“150、160、170，180、190mm幾種尺寸的缸套。我們常用170、180mm兩種尺寸。”
“Usually, who is in charge of the two pumps in the Crew.” “隊(duì)上一般由誰負(fù)責(zé)管理泥漿泵？”
“The assistant driller of each Shift.” “每班的副司鉆。” “Does he only do this on tour?” “副司鉆上班就管泵嗎？。”
“Oh, no.With the exception of having a special responsibility for mud pumps, he is also in charge of maintenances of the wellhead, the circulation & solid control system.”
“哦，不。副司鉆除了專門負(fù)責(zé)泥漿泵以外，還要負(fù)責(zé)井口，循環(huán)、固控系統(tǒng)的維護(hù)保養(yǎng)?！?/p>
“Any more?” “還有嗎？”
“Sometimes, he also operates the handle and manages the roughnecks instead of the driller.” 有時(shí)還要替司鉆扶鉆，管理班上鉆工?！?/p>
“What does a roughneck do as usual, do you know?” “知道鉆工一般干些什么？”
“As I know, a roughneck does a lot of jobs，such as: operating the cathead, tongs, elevators, setting slips, makeup and breakout during a trip, unloading materials and supplies, cleaning equipment and maintenance, etc.”
“據(jù)我所知，鉆工干的活挺多的，比如拉貓頭，提卡瓦，打吊鉗，上扣，卸扣，搞起、下鉆，裝卸材料，清潔、保養(yǎng)設(shè)備等?！?/p>
“So, the derrickman?” “那井架工呢？”
“He mainly operates on the Monkey-board.During the normal drilling operation, he’ll give a hand to the assistant driller.”
“主要負(fù)責(zé)二層臺(tái)的作業(yè)。正常鉆進(jìn)時(shí)，協(xié)助副司鉆工作?！?/p>
In generator house, several CAT3512 diesel-generator sets, which were manufactured in USA, were roaring.機(jī)房里，幾臺(tái)美國產(chǎn)CAT3512柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組發(fā)出巨大轟鳴聲。
Wang asked the motorman beside the generator loudly: “How many horsepower of one CAT3512?”
王小雨大聲問發(fā)電機(jī)旁柴油司機(jī)：“多大的馬力？”
“What?” the man hesitated, shaking his head and pointing to his ears.“什么？”柴油司機(jī)搖搖頭，指了指耳朵，疑惑道。
“Horsepower?” Wang repeated loudly.“多大的馬力？”王小雨指著發(fā)電機(jī)，又大聲問。
“1500hp.”
“1500馬力?！?/p>
“Tell me the oil temperature, oil pressure and rotation speed at present?”
“現(xiàn)在的油溫、油壓、轉(zhuǎn)速是多少？”
“Temperature, 800C;oil pressure, 0.8Mpa;rotation speed, 1200rpm(1200 rounds per minute).” “溫度800C，油壓0.8Mpa，轉(zhuǎn)速1200r/m?！?/p>
“What do you usually do during the normal drilling?” “正常打鉆時(shí)你們一般干些什么？”
“Check, maintain and clean the diesel-engine generator sets, compressor, oil and water supply equipment, etc.and keep them in work condition.”
“檢查、維保和清潔柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組、壓縮機(jī)、供水供油設(shè)備，保證其良好的工作狀況?！?/p>
“I found only 2 CATs were running.Something is wrong with the other two?” “我發(fā)現(xiàn)只有兩臺(tái)機(jī)子在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，另外那兩臺(tái)壞了嗎？”
“Oh, no.“ the motorman smiled, saying, “2 CATs can provide enough power for the rig.The other ones are used as back-up.”
“沒有，”柴油司機(jī)笑了笑，說：“兩臺(tái)發(fā)電機(jī)組就可以給鉆機(jī)提供足夠的動(dòng)力了。另兩臺(tái)留作備用?！?/p>
“Sorry, I don’t know.” Wang’s face went red immediately;he felt a little ashamed for his innocence.“And thank you for telling me.”
“對(duì)不起，我不知道！”王小雨瞬時(shí)臉色緋紅，為自己的無知感到有點(diǎn)害臊，“謝謝你告訴我這些。”
“You’re welcome.”
“不用謝?！?/p>
Leaving the generator house, it was easier to talk away from the noise.走出機(jī)房，噪音小了，交談起來容易多了。
As soon as they stepped on the circulation sytem nearby, Wang Xiao-yu questioned the mechanist again.“Mr.Hu, how many mud tanks in circulating system, and the total capacities?” 一登上毗鄰的循環(huán)系統(tǒng)，王小雨又問道：“胡大班，循環(huán)系統(tǒng)有幾個(gè)泥漿罐，總?cè)莘e是多少？” “5 circulating tanks, 4 reserve tanks and 1 trip tank.The total capacity is 425 m2.” “5個(gè)循環(huán)罐，四個(gè)儲(chǔ)備灌和一個(gè)尖底罐，總?cè)莘e425m3。”
“What type of the shale shaker?” “振動(dòng)篩是什么類型的？”
“Derrick linearity shale shaker manufactured in the USA.” “美國產(chǎn)Derrick線性振動(dòng)篩？”
“What’s the mesh of the screen cloth in use?” “現(xiàn)在用的多少目的篩布?！?/p>
“180 mesh.” “180目?！?/p>
Wang Xiao-yu was curious about everything at the rig-site, and wanted to ask whatever he saw.He longed for knowing everything, so that he could get himself into the drilling operation as soon as possible.王小雨對(duì)井場的一切都感到好奇，什么都想問，他渴望解這一切以便盡快地投入到鉆井作業(yè)中去。
While he was thinking about his work, Zhou Hua, the drilling engineer, came to him, saying: “There you are, Xiao Wang!we are waiting for you to attend the safety meeting now.”
就在他興趣正濃的時(shí)候，鉆井工程師周華來了，對(duì)他說道：“小王別再問了，大家現(xiàn)在正等你開班前會(huì)呢?！?/p>
“Sorry.I don’t know about the safety meeting before my tour,” Xiao Wang was embarrassed again for not listening.“對(duì)不起，我不知道要開班前會(huì)?！毙⊥鯙樽约涸俅胃械骄执俨话病?/p>
“Oh, it’s my fault, I forgot to tell you yesterday,” Zhou regretted, “昨天忘了告訴你，這不怪你，”周工抱歉道。
“When is the safety meeting usually held?” “一般什么時(shí)候開班前會(huì)？”
“Before each Shift exchange.” “每次交班前?！?/p>
On the way to the meeting room, Zhou Hua explained Wang about the safety meeting.在去會(huì)議室的路上，周華向王小雨講了有關(guān)班前會(huì)的事。
“The employees perform a post check half an hour before a tour at the site ahead of each Shift exchange.Then they attend a safety meeting conducted by the Rig Manager.The manager issues the day’s drilling program at the meeting.After that the drilling engineer, toolpusher, machinist, electrician or the driller will emphasize the important matters about safety around the rig equipment during drilling operation..”
“每次換班，工人提前半小時(shí)進(jìn)場，進(jìn)行交接班崗位檢查。然后，開班前會(huì)，由平臺(tái)經(jīng)理傳達(dá)當(dāng)天的作業(yè)指令，分配要干的工作。鉆井工程師、帶班隊(duì)長、機(jī)械技師、電器技師或司鉆強(qiáng)調(diào)有關(guān)安全和設(shè)備的注意事項(xiàng)。”
“I see.” “明白了?！?/p>
“By the way, tell you a(piece of)good news.” “小王，順便告訴你一個(gè)好消息?！?/p>
“Good news, what good news?” “好消息,什么好消息？”
“Our Crew will go abroad to perform drilling service.” “我們隊(duì)馬上要出國打井了?！?/p>
“Really? Which country?” Wand excitedly.“真的嗎？哪個(gè)國家？”小王激動(dòng)了。
“Iran,” Zhou said, “Details, the Rig Manager will announce in the meeting.” “伊朗?！敝芄さ?，“詳情，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理會(huì)在會(huì)上宣布。”
“Really? That’s wonderful.” Wang cheered up, “I am the luckiest guy in the world.” “噢，太妙了?！毙⊥鯕g呼著跳了起來，“我是世界上最幸運(yùn)的人。”
“You are, indeed.” “確實(shí)是。
Vocabulary practice technician 實(shí)習(xí)技術(shù)員
small size hole(slim hole)小井眼 drilling crew 鉆井隊(duì)
big size hole 大尺寸井眼 drill floor,rig floor,floor 鉆臺(tái)
drawworks 絞車
drawworks horsepower 絞車功率
drawworks sensor 絞車(上的進(jìn)尺)傳感器 well-site, rig-site 井場
drilling capacity 鉆深能力 rig manager平臺(tái)經(jīng)理
DC(drill collar)鉆鋌 drilling engineer 鉆井工程師
DP(drill pipe)鉆桿
assistant engineer 助理工程師
knock at an open door 多此一舉 toolpusher 帶班隊(duì)長
rotary table 轉(zhuǎn)盤
driller 司鉆
open diameter 開口直徑 assistant driller 副司鉆
gear, shift gear 擋位,排擋 derrickman, monkeyman 井架工
setback capacity 排管能力 roughneck, floorman 鉆工
single-action 單作用 roustabout場地工
liner 缸套
motor fireman 司機(jī)
wellhead 井口
motorman 司助
circulation & solid system 循環(huán)固控系統(tǒng) machinist 機(jī)械師,機(jī)工,機(jī)械大班
forward gear 正擋 electrician 電器師,電工,電器大班
reverse gear 倒擋 operation program 作業(yè)程序(指令)
cathead 貓頭 caravan 營房，大篷車
tong 大鉗 drilling experience 鉆井經(jīng)驗(yàn)
elevator 吊卡 well depth 井深
slip 卡瓦
slip area 卡瓦卡緊面
slip back-up 卡瓦支撐(套)slip bowl 卡瓦座,卡盤
slip bushing 卡瓦補(bǔ)心 slip dog 卡瓦牙塊, 卡瓦牙板
slip-elevator 卡瓦式吊卡 slip grip 卡瓦打撈爪, 卡瓦夾持器
slip groove 卡瓦槽
slipper joint pliers鯉魚鉗
slip load 卡瓦負(fù)載[卡瓦懸吊的鉆柱重量] slip insert 卡瓦牙
slip joint 套筒連接,伸縮連接,滑動(dòng)接頭 slip-off(焊點(diǎn))脫開
slip-on flange 松套法蘭;滑套凸緣
stepless gear 無級(jí)變速傳動(dòng)
stepless speed change device無級(jí)變速裝置 stepless speed change 有[無]級(jí)變速
stepless speed regulating 無級(jí)調(diào)速 stepless speed regulation無級(jí)調(diào)速
level [horizon] 層位,層段 design depth 設(shè)計(jì)井深
makeup 上扣 spud in 開鉆
breakout 卸扣 ROP(rate of penetration),drilling speed penetration rate 鉆速
trip 起下鉆
wind load 風(fēng)載荷
wind load capacity(井架的)風(fēng)載能力
wind load rating 額定風(fēng)載(荷)geological condition 地質(zhì)情況(條件)
diesel-engine 柴油機(jī)
high pressure 高壓
diesel-generator set柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組 high H2S 高含硫
horsepower 馬力 high dip angle 高傾角
oil temperature 油溫 fault 斷層
oil pressure 油壓
loss circulation 井漏，循環(huán)漏失
rotary(rotation)speed 轉(zhuǎn)速 drillability 可鉆性
compressor 壓縮機(jī) working uniform 工作服
oil supply 供油 brake handle, brake bar 剎把
water supply 供水
well condition 井況
circulating tank, circulation tank 循環(huán)罐 normal drilling 正常鉆井
reserve tank 儲(chǔ)備罐
parameter 參數(shù)
trip tank 補(bǔ)給罐，尖底罐 rotary speed 轉(zhuǎn)盤轉(zhuǎn)速
shale shaker 振動(dòng)篩 pump pressure 泵壓
linearity 線性
WOB(weight on bit)鉆壓
mesh 目,網(wǎng)孔;嚙合,編織 torque 扭矩
screen cloth 篩布 displacement 排量
safety meeting 班前會(huì) pump stroke 泵沖
shift exchange 交班 mud pump 泥漿泵
drilling service 鉆井服務(wù) master 師傅,主人;征服,控制,精通
in charge of 負(fù)全責(zé),經(jīng)營,照顧 arrange 安排,排列,協(xié)商
assign 分配,指派
obtain 獲得,得到
remember 記得;回憶起,紀(jì)念 according to 根據(jù),依照
prepare for 準(zhǔn)備,使有準(zhǔn)備 normal 正常的,正規(guī)的,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的just so-so 馬馬乎乎 introduce 介紹,傳入,引進(jìn),提出
satisfy 滿足,使?jié)M意,說明
Chapter II Inspection of Site Construction 鉆前工程驗(yàn)收
The Rig Manager Office at the well-site.The Rig Manager, George, was reading a completion report.Suddenly，the telephone rang, he picked it up.井場，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理辦公室。平臺(tái)經(jīng)理彭遠(yuǎn)春（George）正在閱讀一份完井報(bào)告，電話鈴?fù)蝗豁懥?，他提起了電話?/p>
“Hello.This is Email speaking.I’d like to talk with George.“你好！我是監(jiān)督Email，我要同George講話！”
“Hi, Email.How nice to hear you!What’s the matter?” “你好，Email, 聽到你的聲音真高興！什么事？”
“I just got the information from the Site Construction Company, the new location TBK-3 is ready.”
“我剛從鉆前公司得到消息，新井場TBK-3出來了?！?/p>
“Really?That’s terrific.” “是嗎？太好了！”
“Bring some guys to go there with me for inspection, OK?” “能帶幾個(gè)人同我一道去看看嗎？”
“Ok.In five minutes, the drilling engineer, toolpushers, drillers, machinist and I will leave to meet you at the well-site.”
“行，5分鐘后，我?guī)е业拇嚓?duì)長、司鉆、機(jī)械技師與你在井場匯合?！?/p>
“Ok.See you later.” “好的，一會(huì)兒見?！?“See you later.” “一會(huì)兒見。”
One hour later, they arrived at the new location, called TBK-3, in two Petrols.一小時(shí)后，他們分乘兩輛Petrol來到了新井場TBK-3。
At the new location, the workers were performing a final leveling off with earthmovers and road rollers.In the waste pit, the grab was digging and widening it out.新井場上，土建工人們正用推土機(jī)、壓路機(jī)對(duì)前場作最后的平整工作，挖掘機(jī)還在對(duì)廢水池加寬、加深。
As soon as George and his fellows got off the Petrol, Email came and asked: “George, do you find some places where the slope is too steep and the radius of turn is too short on the road to the new location? I’m afraid that the trailer loaded with SCR won’t be able to maneuver the road as it is now.”
George和他的伙伴們剛下車，監(jiān)督Email走來問道：“George, 有沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)通往井場的公路有的地方坡太陡，轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑太小，搬家時(shí)恐怕拉SCR的大拖車無法通過？”
“You’re right, sir.” George agreed.“If it rains, I’m afraid that it will even be dangerous for the trucks.” “是的?！?George 贊同道：“如果是下雨天，恐怕連拉設(shè)備的大車通過也很危險(xiǎn)?！?/p>
“How many places need to be modified, you think?” “你覺得有幾處地方整改？”
“There are two places where the grade needs to be lessened and the one turn should be opened more.I also found that the two kilometer water supply line hasn’t been connected to the location.”
“有兩處地方需要降坡度，一處彎道需加寬。另外，供水管線也差兩公里才接到井場?！?/p>
“Well, George.Now, send your guys to inspect the new location referring to the Site Construction Drawing, checking where it needs to be modified and perfected.After that, we work out a report together to submit to the Site Construction Company, ordering them to complete the modification in a limit time, so that we can carry out the final inspection.”
“好吧，George?，F(xiàn)在安排你的人帶上井場施工圖按圖全面檢查井場，看看哪些地方需要整改和完善，然后我們共同作份報(bào)告提交鉆前公司。限期他們整改完成，我們作最后的驗(yàn)收。”
According to the Supervisor’s order, George sent his guys respectively to check the front site, the rear site, the cellar, the base of the substructure, the mud pump and the solid system, the waste pit, and the drainages, etc.George根據(jù)甲方監(jiān)督要求安排他的人員分別對(duì)井場的前場、后場、方井、底座基礎(chǔ)、泥漿泵基礎(chǔ)、固控系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)、廢水池、排污溝等進(jìn)行檢查。
George and Email stood in the middle of the site, discussing how to arrange and collocate the rig equipment in the new location.George和Email就這口井的井場布置、設(shè)備擺放展開了討論。
“Email, have any suggestions about the collocation of the equipment?” “Email, 對(duì)這口井的設(shè)備擺放有何建議？”
“I think we’d better move the Air Drilling Package from the rear site to the front site this time.It’s easier for installation and dismantling.”
“我想這次最好將空氣鉆井設(shè)備從后場擺在前場，便于空鉆設(shè)備的安裝和拆遷。”
“So, the drill pipe boxes, material houses, tool house, machining house and casing tool house will be put on the left side of the front site, in their old location?”
“鉆干盒、材料房、工具房、加工房、套管工具房還是照老樣子擺放在前場嗎？”
“Only a small change.Put drill pipe boxes, the casing tool house on the front site, the rest on the rear site.The house used for the Top Drive engineer on duty should be put on the front site.” “有點(diǎn)小改變，鉆桿盒、套管工具房放前場。這次要把頂驅(qū)值班工程師的值班房放前場?！?/p>
“Why?”
“為什么？”
“You know, last well, the Top Drive brought us a lot of troubles.This time, if something’s wrong with it during drilling operation, I can be in touch with the Top Drive engineers in time.” “大家都知道上口井頂驅(qū)可給我們找了不少麻煩。這次如果在鉆井作業(yè)中，一旦頂驅(qū)出現(xiàn)故障，便于我及時(shí)同他們的聯(lián)絡(luò)?！?/p>
“No problem.So, about the site caravans, have any changes?” “沒問題。那么，井場人員住房有變動(dòng)嗎？”
“Yeah, put your office and mine together for easy communication.The radio room and the clinic should be in your neighbors this time.I think it is more convenient for you to report to your Project Department.”
“這次你的辦公室要與我的在一起，便于交流。通訊室和醫(yī)務(wù)室緊靠你的辦公室，便于你隨時(shí)向你的項(xiàng)目部匯報(bào)?！?/p>
“I see.You are scared that the shouting from the radio room will bother you, right?” “我明白了。你怕通訊室的匯報(bào)聲打攪你，對(duì)嗎？”
“You’re smart.Tell you the truth, I can’t bear the Toolpusher’s shouting at 6:30 every morning any more, ‘Qidi, qidi’.” Email copied the Chinese pronunciation incorrectly, causing George to laugh loudly.“真聰明。我確實(shí)受不了每天早上 6: 30 帶班隊(duì)長的吼叫聲，‘基地基地’”。Email模仿中國人發(fā)音的漢語，引起George一陣大笑。
Just then, the fellows who had finished inspecting the new location returned and reported to them.這時(shí)，看完井場的人員回到他們身邊進(jìn)行匯報(bào)。
“George, Email,” said the machinist, “we also need 3 parallel cement bases beside the solid system.Each should be 1m in width, 20m in length and 30cm in depth.The space between each base should be 1.5m.” 機(jī)械技師道：“George、Email，在固控系統(tǒng)旁邊，我們還需要三條平行水泥基礎(chǔ)。每條基礎(chǔ)要 1 米寬、20 米長、30 公分厚。每條基礎(chǔ)的間距為1.5米”。
“What’s it for?” Email asked.Email問: “干什么用？”
“As the base for three water tanks.” “作為三個(gè)高架水罐的基礎(chǔ)呀”。
“No the bases on the drawing?” asked Email, feeling a little strange.“施工圖上沒有這幾條基礎(chǔ)嗎？”Email問,覺得有點(diǎn)奇怪。
“No.” “沒有?！?/p>
“However, they built the new site according to the 70D Rig Drawing provided by you?” “人家可是照你們提供的70D鉆機(jī)圖施工的呀！”
“Yeah, but the locations for the three water tanks turned out to be all clay, the groundsill is not steady.”
“可擺放高架水罐地方全是泥土，地基不穩(wěn)?！?/p>
“Ok, I remember.Anything else need to be modified?” “好的，我記下了。另外還有什么地方需要整改？”
“I checked the cellar,” said the toolspusher, “finding the inlet of the drainage plugged seriously.It needs to be cleaned completely.The flat bottom of cellar should be sloped to the inlet for draining waste water easily, but the outlet is too close to the junk slot and it could be covered by the cuttings after the first spudding.” “我檢查了方井，”帶班隊(duì)長道，“方井下面的排污口堵塞嚴(yán)重，需要徹底清理。方井底平面應(yīng)向排污口傾斜便于污水排放，而排出口距排砂槽太近，可能在一開后沙子就掩埋了出口?！?/p>
“There are some workers in the cellar.You did not tell them how to modify it, did you?” George asked.“方井里有些工人，難道沒告訴他們?cè)鯓诱膯?？”George 問道。
“Yes.I did.But I don’t know whether they understood or not.They are Iranian laborers.” “告訴他們了。不知道他們聽懂了沒有。他們都是伊朗民工。”
“Oh, I see.” “哦，明白了。” Without saying any more, George knew that the ordinary Iranian laborers did not know English at all.George 不再問了。他知道普通伊朗勞工根本就不懂英語。
“Have any problems about the drainages around the solid control system? Need to be modified?” asked Email.“固控系統(tǒng)的排污溝有問題嗎？需不需要整改？”Email問。
“Perfect.” answered a driller.“沒問題?！币凰俱@回答道。
“Well, our present status is that 90% of the site construction has been completed.Tomorrow, your guys will form two parts.Some come here to prophase jobs for moving, such as clean the site and draw lines for equipment installation.The rest dismantle the derrick, substructure, drawworks, etc, and pack all the equipment.Everything should be ready for moving in three days.The entire move to the new location will be completed within 10 days.For details, you’ll get my written order in the evening.”
“那好，就目前的情況來看，整個(gè)鉆前工程已完成90%。George, 從明天開始，你的人將分為兩批，一部分人到新井場清理井場、劃線作鉆機(jī)搬遷的前期工作，剩下的倒放鉆機(jī)，設(shè)備打包作好搬遷準(zhǔn)備。整個(gè)搬遷工作我給你們10天時(shí)間。今晚你們會(huì)收到我的書面作業(yè)指令?！?/p>
“Yes, sir.” “是，頭兒?！?/p>
Vocabulary completion report 完井報(bào)告
carry out 執(zhí)行,實(shí)施,完成,慣切 emphaisize 著重,強(qiáng)調(diào)
progress 前進(jìn),行進(jìn),進(jìn)展 in progress 在行進(jìn)中,在舉行
make progress 取得進(jìn)步 site construction 鉆前工程
supervisor 監(jiān)督 location 井場,井位
front site 前場 inspection 檢查,考察,驗(yàn)收
rear site 后場 earthmover 推土機(jī)
cellar 方井
road roller 壓路機(jī)
soild(control)system 固控系統(tǒng)
grab 挖掘機(jī)
drainage 排泄;排水系統(tǒng),排水區(qū)域 drainage pump 排油泵,排水泵
drainage pipeline 排放(油、水)管線 drainage water 排出水，污水
drain away 流盡,排盡 drain hole 排泄孔,放出口
drain pressure 排泄壓力
drain pump 排空泵,排油泵,排水泵
drain sample 排放液體(油、水)試樣 drain valve 排泄閥,放出閥
drain time 排放時(shí)間
waste pit 污水池、廢水池
air drilling package 空鉆設(shè)備、空鉆包 slope 坡、坡度
dismantle 拆除、拆卸 steep 陡峭的、險(xiǎn)峻的drill pipe box 鉆桿盒
radiu of turn 轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑
casing tool house 套管工具房
turn 轉(zhuǎn)彎
Top Drive(Drilling System)頂(部)驅(qū)(動(dòng))鉆井系統(tǒng)
trailer 拖車、平板車
Project Department 項(xiàng)目部 water(supply)line(供)水管線
on duty 值班
refer to 參照,涉及,提到,查閱
radio room 通訊室 modify 整改、修改
clinic 醫(yī)務(wù)室
perfect 使完善,修改,使熟練
water tank 水罐、高架水罐 work out 設(shè)計(jì)出,作出,計(jì)算出
groundsill 地基、基礎(chǔ)橫木 submit 提交,遞交;（使）服從
inlet 進(jìn)口、入口 in a limit time 限時(shí)
outlet 出口、出路 waste water 廢水、污水
junk slot 排砂槽
Chapter III
Rig Move And Equipment Installation 鉆機(jī)搬遷及設(shè)備安裝
In the location of TBK-2, the derrick and substructure had been laid down;the drawworks had been disconnected and all the connecting cables, pipelines had been furled and put together.In accordance with the Rig Manager’s order, the personnel of each shift of Rig17 were packing the components of ZJ70D Electric Rig and making ready for loading and moving.TBK-2井場上。井架、底座已經(jīng)放倒，絞車已經(jīng)拆開，各種連接電纜、管線已經(jīng)收攏歸位。鉆17隊(duì)的各班人員按平臺(tái)經(jīng)理布置的任務(wù)，正在給拆散的ZJ70D鉆機(jī)部件打包，作好裝車準(zhǔn)備。
Suddenly, the Rig Manager went to the driller of No.3 Shift and asked: “Chen Ming, where’s the machinist?”
這時(shí)，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理向三班司鉆走過來，問道：“陳明，胡技師在哪里？”
“He was here a moment ago.Maybe he’s in the pump house to conduct how to pack now, I think.”
“剛才還在這里，現(xiàn)在恐怕到泵房指導(dǎo)打包去了?！?/p>
“Go and tell him the Supervisor wants to talk with him.” “去。告訴他，監(jiān)督Email有事要同他談?！?/p>
“Ok.” Chen Ming ran to the pump house immediately.“好的?！标惷髁⒓磁芟虮梅俊?/p>
Few minutes later, the machinist appeared in the Supervisor’s caravan.幾分鐘后，胡大班出現(xiàn)在監(jiān)督的房子里。
“Have a seat, Mr.Hu.” Email said: “Coffee or tea?” “請(qǐng)坐，胡大班?！盓mail 道：“喝茶還是咖啡？”
“No.Thank you.” “不，謝謝?！?/p>
The machinist had a little nervous, he didn’t know why the Supervisor himself wanted to talk with him.胡大班有點(diǎn)緊張，他不知監(jiān)督有何要親自同他談。
“The headquarters just asked me to provide a schedule of the lorries for this moving operation, including the size, weight of each component.The Transport Company will dispatch trucks according to this information.You are the guy who answers for the equipment.About the rig, I think you know more than I do.”
“總部剛才通知我，要我提供這次搬家安裝需要的車次，每件設(shè)備的尺寸、重量。運(yùn)輸公司將根據(jù)這些信息安排車輛。你是主管設(shè)備的機(jī)械工程師，我想應(yīng)該比我更清楚這臺(tái)鉆機(jī)！”
“Sure.” said Hu, feeling relieved, “According to your instruction, I’ll give you a detailed report as soon as possible.”
“是的，”胡大班釋然道：“根據(jù)你的指令，我會(huì)盡快提交一份詳細(xì)報(bào)告?！?/p>
“Ok, see you later.” “那好，一會(huì)兒見?！?/p>
“See you later.” “一會(huì)兒見?！?/p>
Back at the rig-site, Hu began to list the rig equipment and estimated the size and weight of huge components, such as: the SCR house, the MCC house, the Mud Pumps, the Diesel Generator Sets, the front & rear part of the Drawworks, the Top Drive and the Air Drilling Packages, etc.After that, he worked out a Schedule Of Lorry Requirements for this moving operation and submitted it to the Supervisor.胡大班回到井場著手清點(diǎn)設(shè)備的件數(shù)、估算如SCR房、MCC房、泥漿泵、柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組、絞車前部及絞車后部、頂驅(qū)和空鉆設(shè)備等大件設(shè)備重量、尺寸。然后，根據(jù)手中掌握的資料制作了這次鉆機(jī)搬遷所需車輛一覽表，提交甲方監(jiān)督。
“Email, here you are.I’ve finished the task.” Hu handed the Schedule to him.“Email，你交代的任務(wù)完成了，這給你，”胡大班將一覽表交給他。
“Thank you.Did you include the kinds of truck we need and how many moving operations there will be?” Email asked as he read the schedule.“謝謝！含車型了嗎，這次搬遷要多少車次？”Email邊看邊問?！?00 trips in total.We’ll need two 40T cranes and two trailers for the large equipment.” “總共200車次。需要2臺(tái)40T吊車和兩輛60T拖車?yán)蠹O(shè)備。”
“Are there the size and weight in the Schedule?” “大件設(shè)備的尺寸、重量表里都有嗎？”
“Very clearly.” “清清楚楚?！?/p>
“That’s great.I’ll get the exact answer from the Transport Company tomorrow.Thanks again.” “很好，明天我就會(huì)得到運(yùn)輸公司的確切答復(fù)。再次感謝?！?/p>
“You’re welcome.It’s my job.” “份內(nèi)之事，不客氣。”
At night, the Toolpushers, Machinist, Electrician, Drillers and Assistant Drillers got together in the Rig Manager Office, reporting to the Rig Manager on the daytime’s work of rig dismantling and packing.是夜，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理辦公室。帶班隊(duì)長、機(jī)械大班、電器大班、正、副司鉆正在向平臺(tái)經(jīng)理匯報(bào)今天鉆機(jī)的拆卸、包裝情況。
“Well done.” affirmed the Rig Manager, “But, Mr.Ran, do you think there might be something wrong with the modules of No.3, No.4 cubicle in the SCR house? Do you remember, we had some problems with them during the 5th spudding.I think you should take the opportunity of this move to check them.”
“干得不錯(cuò)。”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理肯定道：“不過，冉技，SCR房的3、4號(hào)柜的模塊在上口井打5開的時(shí)候，老是出現(xiàn)故障，趁這次搬遷檢查一下。”
“I did this afternoon.I disconnected them and found a foul-up had occurred on the circuit plate of No.3 module.I also found that the parameters of No.4 module appeared changed from the original ones.The parameters need to be revised.”
“今下午我已把3、4號(hào)柜的模塊拆下來進(jìn)行了檢查。3號(hào)柜模塊電路板出現(xiàn)紊亂，4號(hào)柜模塊的參數(shù)與原參數(shù)發(fā)生飄移，需要校正參數(shù)?！?/p>
“When will that be done?” “何時(shí)搞定？”
“Tomorrow..I’ll replace a new circuit plate for No.3 module and revise the parameters on No.4 module,.”
“明天吧。3號(hào)柜模塊換新電路板，4號(hào)柜模塊校正參數(shù)?！?/p>
“Brake shoes on the drawworks are worn very seriously.They need to be changed for new ones.” George turned to the machinist and asked, “ Mr.Hu, have you arranged a man to do it?”“絞車剎車片磨損嚴(yán)重，要換新的。胡大班，安排人換了嗎？”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理向機(jī)械技師問道。
“Shift 2 has already done it.” “安排鉆2班換了?！?/p>
“Tomorrow, you’ll take the responsibility for packing the instruments on the Floor.Take special care.”
“明天，鉆臺(tái)上的儀器儀表包裝由你親自負(fù)責(zé)，需特別小心?！?/p>
“What I do, you can rest asssumed.” “我辦事，你放心?！?/p>
“We are moving soon.Here I emphasize again.Safety is our first priority.Never make the next step without considering all aspects of the safety of the operation.”
“馬上就要搬家了，我再次強(qiáng)調(diào)安全第一，千萬不要單求工作進(jìn)度，而忽視了安全。”
At this moment, there was a knock on the door, and the Drilling Supervisor entered.這時(shí)，鉆井監(jiān)督敲門進(jìn)來。
“Sorry to bother you.” Email said to the Rig Manager: “Here’s the Fax from the Transport Company, saying their moving trucks will arrive at the location on time, at 8:00 tomorrow morning.” “對(duì)不起，打攪一下?！盓mail說道：“運(yùn)輸公司發(fā)來傳真，明天早上8:00搬遷車輛準(zhǔn)時(shí)進(jìn)場?！?/p>
“How many trucks?” asked George.“他們派了多少臺(tái)車輛？”George問。
“Nine 15 ton trucks, four 20 ton trucks, two 60 ton trailers, one 40 ton crane and two 15 ton cranes.”
“9輛15噸卡車、4輛20噸卡車、2輛60噸拖車。1臺(tái)40噸吊車、2臺(tái)15噸吊車?！?/p>
“Email, one 40T crane is not enough for moving and installation of ZJ70D rig.It’ll influence the whole progress of moving.You know loading, unloading or installing the large equipment, like the drawworks and the mud pump need at least two 40T cranes to operate together.We requested two, not one.” Said George, very concerned.“Email，70D鉆機(jī)搬遷、安裝，1臺(tái)40噸吊車不夠，會(huì)影響整個(gè)搬遷進(jìn)度。你知道，像絞車、泥漿泵這些大件物品要用2臺(tái)40噸吊車裝卸和安裝。而且我們要求提供的是2臺(tái)40噸吊車,不是一臺(tái)?！盙eorge不悅道。
“You have a 40T crane, don’t you?” asked Email.“你們自己不是有1臺(tái)40噸吊車嗎？”Email問。
“Yeah.But in order to ensure the completion our moving the entire rig within 10 days, we need to work at two locations at the same time.That means two 40T cranes will load at the old location.As the local crane drivers are not familiar with rig installation, our crane must be at the new location for unloading and installation.”
“是的，為了確保10天內(nèi)完成整臺(tái)鉆機(jī)的搬遷，我們需要在兩個(gè)井場同時(shí)作業(yè)，也就是2臺(tái)40噸吊車在老井場裝車。我們的吊車主要負(fù)責(zé)新井場的鉆機(jī)安裝，因?yàn)榈胤缴系牡踯囁緳C(jī)不熟悉安裝作業(yè)！”
“Well, I’ll consult with the Transport Company soon and require them to send another one.” “那好，我同運(yùn)輸公司協(xié)商一下，要他們?cè)雠?臺(tái)40噸吊車?！?/p>
“I appreciate your help.” “這樣最好。”
Email left in a hurry.Email匆匆離去。
“Brothers, everyone has heard the news.Tomorrow morning, 8:00 o’clock, we’ll begin to move.It is 30 kilometers from here to the new location.If it doesn’t rain in the following days, each truck can move 4 or 5 trips per day.It’ll take us at least 3 days to complete moving the rig.” “弟兄們，大家都聽到了，明天8:00正式搬遷。從這里到新井場的搬遷距離是30公里，如果以后幾天不下雨，每輛卡車每天可以跑4-5趟，最多3天就能完成設(shè)備搬遷?！?/p>
“If it rains, I’m afraid we may need 4 or 5 days.” the machinist added.“如果下雨，恐怕要4天或5天?！焙蟀嘌a(bǔ)充道。
“If things happen like that, it’ll be very difficult to complete the move and installation within 10 days.”
“要是這樣，要在10天內(nèi)完成搬家、安裝就難了。”
“I have a suggestion, but I don’t whether it works or not.” Hu hesitated.“我有個(gè)建議，不知行不行?！焙蟀嘣囍f。
“Go ahead.” George encouraged him.“說說看。”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理鼓勵(lì)道。
“During this move, we should only leave one Shift at the old location to do the loading.The rest of the Shifts should be sent to the new location to unload and install.Loading and moving equipment should be arranged so each piece arrives at the new site just before it is scheduled to be installed.In this way we can save on the total installation time.” “這次搬遷只留一個(gè)班在老井場負(fù)責(zé)裝車，其余的人全部到新井場安裝。而且設(shè)備運(yùn)輸按現(xiàn)場安裝的實(shí)際需要裝車，這樣就可以節(jié)省整個(gè)安裝時(shí)間。”
“Good idea.” George agreed with him: “So, you draft out a Schedule of Moving & Installing Progress to illustrate which equipment to be loaded on the first day, and which on the second day.”
“好主意?！逼脚_(tái)經(jīng)理肯定道；“那么就由你來編排安裝進(jìn)度表。第一天裝那些設(shè)備，第二天 裝那些設(shè)備?！?/p>
“Yes, sir.” “是，頭兒?！?/p>
“One thing I should remind you is that the offices, the radio room and the site caravans must be moved and put into their new location on the first day.” “有一點(diǎn)我要提醒你，辦公室、通訊室和大班人員的井場住房在搬遷的第一天要在新井場就位?！?/p>
“I’ll take that into account.” “我會(huì)考慮進(jìn)去的?！?/p>
The machinist is a smart guy, but it was not until 23:30 that he finished drafting the Schedule and handed it to the Rig Manager.The schedule was as follows: 機(jī)械技師胡大班是個(gè)動(dòng)作麻利之人，23:30分左右，他把編好的搬遷進(jìn)度表交給平臺(tái)經(jīng)理。進(jìn)程安排如下：
The 1st Day:
Move and install derrick base with its slope braces and cross braces;move and install the drawworks base;the rig floor, floor sill, the rotary beam and rotary table.Move and put the site caravans into their positions.搬遷、安裝井架底座及橫拉筋、斜拉筋、絞車底座、鉆臺(tái)、底梁、轉(zhuǎn)盤大梁及轉(zhuǎn)盤，井場人員住房到位；
The 2nd Day: Move and install the drawworks, the SCR house, the MCC house, the CAT3512 diesel generator sets.Move and put the camp caravans and the radio system into position.Move and install the Volvo diesel-generator so that it is ready to begin transmitting power.搬遷、安裝絞車，SCR房，MCC房，CAT3512柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組，營地住房搬遷到位，通訊設(shè)施安裝到位、Volvo發(fā)電機(jī)送電；
The 3rd Day:
Connect each section of mast into one on the site.Connect the standpipe and the rotary hose.Install the mud pumps and the solid control system.Connect drainage pipelines for the site and the campsite.連接井架、立管、水龍帶、安裝泥漿泵，循環(huán)系統(tǒng)；接井場、營地住房下水管線；
The 4th Day: Commission the power and the transmission systems.Move and install the crownblock and the derrick ladders.Sink a metal stake to support the traveling block.Reeve the guide line for the drilling wireline and the drilling wireline.調(diào)試動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)、傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)，安裝天車、井架梯子、擺放游車墩子及游車，穿引繩、穿鋼絲繩； The 5th Day:
Raise the derrick.Move and install the extension table on the rig floor, the dog-house and prepare for raising the substructure.Raise the substructure.Complete the auxiliary jobs and put the floor tools in order.起井架、安裝鉆臺(tái)加寬臺(tái)、司鉆休息室等起底座準(zhǔn)備工作，起底座。輔助工作及整理鉆臺(tái)工具。
The 6th Day: Connect the Kelly and make up the turbine(screw)drill for the rat hole(mouse hole).接方鉆桿，配螺桿鉆具打鼠洞。The 7th Day: …
“Well done.” praised the Rig Manager, “If we carry out moving and the installation according to this Schedule, we can save on two days.Even if it rains, we can still complete on schedule.“很好,”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理評(píng)價(jià)道，“按照這個(gè)進(jìn)度表實(shí)施搬家安裝，我們至少能節(jié)省兩天的時(shí)間。即使遇到下雨，我們也能按期完成?！?/p>
Having been carefully organized and planned by the Rig Manager, the moving operation went smoothly.What Email, the Drilling Supervisor, saw made him appreciate in his mind: “ They are really a group of high quality oilmen.”
在平臺(tái)經(jīng)理的精心組織下，搬遷、安裝工作有紊不亂地進(jìn)行著。鉆井監(jiān)督Email看在眼里，心中暗暗贊道：“真是一批高素質(zhì)的石油工人?！?/p>
“Hi, Email.Are you satisfied with the pace of installation?” George asked the Drilling Supervisor who was standing in the middle of the site.“你好, Email, 對(duì)我們的安裝進(jìn)度滿意嗎？”George站在井場中監(jiān)督問道。
“Not bad.According to the present rate of installation, I think I should give you only 8 days for the next well.” said Email, smiling.“不錯(cuò)，按這個(gè)進(jìn)展速度，我想下口井的搬遷時(shí)間只能給8天?！盓mail笑著說。
“Oh, no.” George debated immediately, “We did this in such a hurry so that we would have more time to commission the rig.”
“不要，”George趕緊申辯道：“我們抓緊時(shí)間是為了留下更多的時(shí)間調(diào)式鉆機(jī)?！?/p>
“I know.It was only kidding.” “我知道，開玩笑的?！?/p>
“Don’t scare me.I am just a sheep.” said George: “By the way, as per the Schedule, we’ll raise the derrick and the substructure half a day ahead of time.I would estimate the raising time at 4:30 pm.Will you attend?” “別嚇我，我膽小。”George說：“順便說一下，按計(jì)劃我們將提前半天起升井架、底座。估計(jì)起井架時(shí)間是下午4:30。要不要參加？”
“Sure.And I’ll bring my hand camera to shoot the whole scene.” Email said in high spirits: “You know, the last move and installation, I was back at home on vacation.” “當(dāng)然參加。而且我還要帶上我的攝像機(jī)把整個(gè)場面拍攝下來?！盓mail興致勃勃到；“你知道，上次安裝，我正好回國休假。”
“Well.I’ll inform you on time by then.” Finishing the conversation, George turned to do his business.“好的，到時(shí)我準(zhǔn)時(shí)通知你?！盙eorge說完，又忙事去了。
At 4:30pm, the Toolpusher disposedly held the brake handle on the floor to run the drawworks.The mast and the substructure both rose up, while the workers cheered, Email shot a group of costful pictures.下午4:30，鉆臺(tái)上帶班隊(duì)長手握剎把，威風(fēng)冽冽。隨著絞車的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，井架豎起來了，底座升起來了，工人們歡笑起來。監(jiān)督Email拍下了這一組珍貴鏡頭。
In the safety meeting, everyone waited for the Rig Manager’s report on the move and installation.班前會(huì)上,大家期待著平臺(tái)經(jīng)理有關(guān)搬家、安裝的總結(jié)。
“Until now, we’ve completed rig installation three days earlier than the original schedule.” The Rig Manager praised the crew, and he could hardly control his own innermost happiness: “Congratulation to all of you!”
“就目前而言，我們比原定計(jì)劃提前三天完成設(shè)備安裝，”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理道，掩飾不住內(nèi)心的喜悅: “祝獲大家!”
“Hooray!” The employees cheered.“烏拉!”員工們發(fā)出一陣歡呼聲。
“Tomorrow, Mr.Zhou will conduct Shift.3 in commissioning the rig, connect the Kelly and make up the screw drill for rat holing.The rests get the site in order for the inspection by the Company HSE Officer and the Drilling Supervisor for the first spudding.”
“明天由周隊(duì)長帶領(lǐng)三班對(duì)鉆機(jī)進(jìn)行運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)式，接方鉆桿、配螺桿鉆具打鼠洞。其余的收拾井場。迎接甲方HSE官員和監(jiān)督的開鉆驗(yàn)收?！?/p>
Vocabulary electic rig 電動(dòng)鉆機(jī)
mechanic rig 機(jī)械鉆機(jī)
disconnect 拆開,分離,斷開
connecting cable 連接電纜 pipeline 管線
furl 卷收、疊、收攏
spool 線軸,雙端凸緣管,(鉆井)四通
spooler 盤繩器,(卷繩)滾筒 spooler device 盤纜器
spooling 卷,纏,繞 spooling capacity 纏繞鋼絲繩能力,纏繞盤容量
spool piece 卷筒,短管,雙法蘭短節(jié)
spool valve 滑閥
order 指令,命令,順序
pack 包裹,捆扎,塞滿 Company 公司,甲方
Operator 業(yè)主,甲方
Contractor 承包商,乙方
Subcontractor 分包商, 子承包商 pump house 泵房
headquarter 總部
lorry 卡車
transport Company運(yùn)輸公司 schedule 時(shí)間表,進(jìn)度表
component 零部件,成分 size 尺寸,大小,尺碼
weight 重量,負(fù)擔(dān),砝碼 information 通知,信息,資料
equipment 設(shè)備,裝備,器材 instruction 指令,指示,說明書
huge 巨大的,極大的,無限的 front part 前部
rear part 后部 draft out 起草,制訂,設(shè)計(jì)
crane 吊車
SCR house 可控硅房
MCC house 電控房 foul-up 混亂,紊亂
circuit plate 電路板
replace 更換,替換,代替
revise 修訂,校對(duì),修正,修改 brake shoe 剎車塊
wear out 磨損
instrument 儀表,器械,工具
emphasize 強(qiáng)調(diào),著重 safety 安全,保險(xiǎn),安全設(shè)備
operation 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),操作,作業(yè) aspect外表,(問題等的)方面
bother 打擾,煩擾
fax 傳真
influence 影響,改變,感化 load 裝載,裝填,裝貨
unload 卸貨,擺脫,卸 be familiar with 熟悉
consult with 協(xié)商,商量
kilometer 千米,公里
suggestion 提議,意見,暗示 save 節(jié)省,保存,保全
in order 整齊,適宜,狀況良好 take into account 考慮,重視
guy 家伙,人
slope brace 斜拉筋
cross brace 橫拉筋 floor sill 底梁
rotary beam轉(zhuǎn)盤大梁 transmit power 送電,發(fā)電
standpipe 立管
rotary hose(旋轉(zhuǎn))水龍帶
drainage pipeline 排污管線
Campsite 營地
commissioning 試運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)、試車、調(diào)試 crownblock 天車
derrick ladder 井架扶梯 metal stake 游車墩子
traveling block 游車
guide line 引繩
drilling wireline 鉆井鋼絲繩 extension table(鉆臺(tái))加寬臺(tái)
dog-house 司鉆休息室 auxiliary job 輔助工作
floor tools 鉆臺(tái)工具
kelly 方鉆桿
turbine(screw)drill 螺桿鉆具 rat hole 大鼠洞
mouse hole小鼠洞 rat holing 鉆鼠洞、鉆井底口袋
ahead of time 提前 high quality 高素質(zhì)
make up 配(鉆具)
Chapter IV Equipment(Spudding)Inspection By Company HSE Officer And Drilling Supervisor HSE官員及甲方鉆井監(jiān)督 設(shè)備（開鉆）驗(yàn)收
At the entrance of the site, 8:00 a.m, the Rig Manager, the machinist and the electrician were waiting for the Company HSE officer and the Drilling Supervisor for equipment(spudding)inspection.早上8:00，井場入口處。平臺(tái)經(jīng)理、機(jī)械技師、電器技師正在等待甲方鉆井監(jiān)督和HSE官員的到來，進(jìn)行設(shè)備驗(yàn)收（開鉆驗(yàn)收）。
“Good morning, gentlemen,” the HSE officer greeted them.“早上好，先生們。”HSE官員向他們問候道?！癕orning, Marsood.Morning, Email.” “早上好，Marsood。早上好，Email?！?/p>
“George, today’s inspection will be strictly performed depending on HSE principls and the regulations of Company.” Email said to the Rig Manager, very seriously: “This morning we’ll inspect the rig site and afternoon we’ll inspect the campsite.”
“George, 今天的開鉆驗(yàn)收將嚴(yán)格按照HSE管理?xiàng)l例和甲方的條例要求執(zhí)行?！盓mail對(duì)平臺(tái)經(jīng)理道，神情很嚴(yán)肅。“上午驗(yàn)收井場，下午驗(yàn)收營地?！?/p>
“And I’ll fill in this Inspection Report in practice,” the HSE officer added, waving the paper in his hand.“我將根據(jù)驗(yàn)收的實(shí)際情況填寫這份‘驗(yàn)收?qǐng)?bào)告’,”HSE官員揮舞著手中的開鉆驗(yàn)收?qǐng)?bào)告補(bǔ)充道。
“Take it easy, Email, Marsood.This is not our first time to take in Spudduing Inspection.We are full of confidences.”
“放心好了。Email，Marsood，開鉆驗(yàn)收不是第一次，我們有信心。”
“Very good!” said the HSE officer: “There are 36 items to be filled in the report.If each item is filled in ‘Yes’, you’ll be OK.”
“有信心就好?！盚SE官員道：“這份報(bào)告要填寫36項(xiàng),只要這份報(bào)告的每一項(xiàng)都填上‘Yes’，你們就O.K了?！?/p>
“Mr.Hu, Mr.Ran, did you hear? Any equipment and anywhere pointed out by the HSE officer or the Supervisor need to be modified, you must organize people to complete the modification as soon as possible, never influence the spudding date due to delaying.” George instructed the two guys beside him.“胡技、冉技，對(duì)HSE官員和監(jiān)督指正的地方或需要整改的地方，立即組織人員加班加點(diǎn)的完成，決不能影響開鉆計(jì)劃?！逼脚_(tái)經(jīng)理對(duì)身邊的兩位技師吩咐道。
“I bring my notebook,” said the machinist.“我?guī)еP記本呢?！焙嫉?。
“Ok.Let’s begin, my Lord.” George posed himself for invitation.“開始吧，大人?！盙eorge對(duì)HSE官員、鉆井監(jiān)督做出請(qǐng)的姿勢。
There was a desk used to register for visitor at the entrance of the site.The HSE officer began to fill in the Spudding Record.在井場入口處有一張來訪者填寫來訪登記用的桌子。HSE官員開始在桌上填寫他的開鉆記錄。
“Site warning line, ‘Yes’;Emergence gathering point, ‘Yes’;Caution Board, ‘Yes’;Sign Boards for putting on safety hat, uniform, shoes, ‘Yes’.” The HSE officer soliloquized while he filled.“井場警戒線，有。緊急集合點(diǎn)，有。警示牌，有。戴安全帽、穿工裝、工鞋的標(biāo)志牌，有。”HSE官員邊填邊自語道。
“Where’s the Record of Site Entry Register?” asked the HSE officer.“入場登記記錄呢？”HSE官員問。
“In the drawer of the desk.” “在桌子抽屜里。”
Hu picked it out from the drawer and handed it to the HSE officer for checking.胡技師從抽屜里拿出來，遞給HSE官員檢查。
“The rest? Such as: Vehicle Pass In & Out Register;Fire Permit At Site Hazardous Area;Waste Treatment Records;Fire Emergency Program;Blowout Emergency Program etc.”
“其它哪些記錄呢？如：車輛出入登記、井場危險(xiǎn)區(qū)動(dòng)火許可證、廢物處理記錄、火災(zāi)應(yīng)急程序、井噴應(yīng)急程序等等在哪里？”
“Oh, they are in the meeting room,” Hu answered.“Shall I bring them for you to check now?” “我們都有，在會(huì)議室里。要不要現(xiàn)在拿來檢查？”胡技師問。
“No, thanks.I’ll check them later.” “不用。等會(huì)兒再去檢查?！?/p>
The HSE officer patrolled around the site to check whether the base of the site was level or not, whether the runway, the ramp and the casing frame were fixed well.HSE官員繞場巡視一周查看井場基礎(chǔ)是否平整, 跑道、坡道、套管架是否安裝好。
“All the surface casings and casing accessories for 26” hole have arrived?” “固26”井眼的表層套管及附件都到齊了嗎？”
“Not yet.BMC promised to send the rest 20 joints of 26”casing prior to the first spudding.” “只差20根20”套管，BMC公司答應(yīng)在一開前保證送到?！?/p>
“Email, help George to hasten BMC to send the rest casings as soon as possible.” HSE officer said to Email.“Email, 你幫他們催促一下。”HSE 官員對(duì)監(jiān)督道。
“OK, no problem.” “行，沒問題?！?/p>
“How many tons of cement have been delivered now?” “水泥到了多少噸？”
“There are 200t in four cement tanks.Enough for the first spudding,” answered George.“四個(gè)灰罐里還有200噸。完全夠一開固井用了?！盙eorge 回答道。
On the way to the substructure, the HSE officer inspected the workers, who were busy on the site, whether their dresses met with the requirements of HSE.在走向鉆機(jī)底座的路上，HSE官員檢查了場地上干活的工人們的著裝是否符合HSE的要求。
In the cellar, HSE officer asked the electrician: “Are the plug and the receptacle of immersible pump explosion-proof?”
在方井里，HSE官員問電器技師；“排污用潛水泵的插頭、插座都是防暴的嗎？”
“Yes.” “是的?！?/p>
“Turn on the lights, I am going to check the illuminating system of the substructure.” “打開底座照明燈，我要檢查底座的照明系統(tǒng)?！?/p>
The HSE officer climbed up the substructure to check the head-lamp one by one, meanwhile he also checked the connecting pins, safety pins and split pins that used to connect and fix the substructure.HSE官員爬上底座對(duì)每盞照明燈逐一進(jìn)行檢查, 同時(shí)檢查底座連接銷、安全銷、開口銷等。
Email checked the diverting device(poor boy), trip tank and drainage ditch, etc.beside the substructure.Email卻在檢查底座旁的分流器、補(bǔ)給灌、排污溝。
A moment later, they gathered by the cellar again.一會(huì)兒后，他們又聚集在方井旁。
“The lampshade threads of a light in the right substructure have been damaged.Need to change a new one.” The HSE officer found out the problem and filled it in the report.“右底座照明燈護(hù)罩絲扣損壞，需要更換，”HSE官員說著，將發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題填寫在驗(yàn)收?qǐng)?bào)告里。
“The drainage ditch around the substructure need to be dredged,” said Email, “Maybe it was plugged while installation.”
“底座四周的排污溝需要再疏通，”Email說：“可能是安裝時(shí)造成的堵塞?！?/p>
“Mr.Hu, Mr.Ran send guys to modify it right now.” George ordered.“胡技、冉技馬上派人整改。”
“And you haven’t laid off the wellhead hazard area.” added the HSE officer.“而且還沒劃出井口危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域?！?HSE官員補(bǔ)充道。
“We’ll do it soon.Ok?”
“我們立即劃出井口危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域，行嗎？”
Prior to climbing up the drill floor, they came to the sand pit in front of the survival passage to check whether the pit depth and sand quantity meet to the requirement.上鉆臺(tái)前，他們來到逃身滑道前的沙坑,查看沙坑的深度和堆沙量是否符合要求。
On the ladder to the floor, the HSE officer shook the handrail and touched it with the gloves on his hands.The handrail was fixed and the gloves were very clean, no any smear.在通往鉆臺(tái)的扶梯上，HSE官員用戴著手套的手搖了搖扶手，又在上面摸了一下。扶手很牢固，手套也很干凈、沒污跡。
“All the handrails on the ladders are fixed, safety and very clean.Look, I also added the safety ropes for the ladders.” the Rig Manager felt proud, “I often tell my guys whenever they are free they must keep the equipment clean, including the handrails.”
“所有樓梯扶手都牢固、安全，而且還挺干凈！你看，我還為這些梯子加了安全繩呢，”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理很得意，“我常常告誡我的人隨時(shí)隨地要保持設(shè)備清潔，包括扶手在內(nèi)。”
“Just so-so.I hope you can keep it during the whole drilling operation.” “還行。希望整個(gè)鉆井過程中也能保持這樣?！?/p>
On the floor, the HSE officer squatted down to check whether the floor flat and the extended table were fixed well.After entering into the doghouse, he carefully checked the quick-connectors of switchboards, cables, explosion-proof air-conditioner and telephone.Then he counted the quantities of oxygen breathers and fire extinguishers configured for the floor, and checked whether the stretcher equipped for the First Aid.鉆臺(tái)上，HSE官員蹲下來檢查鉆臺(tái)面及加寬臺(tái)是否固定好，然后走進(jìn)入鉆臺(tái)司鉆休息室，對(duì)電閘、電纜的快速接頭、防暴空調(diào)、防暴電話進(jìn)行了仔細(xì)檢查。清點(diǎn)了氧氣呼吸器和滅火器的數(shù)量，是否配備緊急救護(hù)用的擔(dān)架。
Email stood in front of Martin.TOTOC, asking: “Has it been debugged ?” Email卻停留在馬丁.代克儀表前，問道：“儀表調(diào)試過了嗎？”
“Sure.No problem.” answered the electrician.“調(diào)式過了，沒問題。”電器技師回答道。
“Remember? During last 5th spud, Martin.TOTOC couldn’t print out log often while drilling.What was the problem?”
“記得嗎？上口井五開的時(shí)候，馬丁儀表經(jīng)常打不出隨鉆記錄報(bào)告，是什么原因？?！?/p>
“Oh, an element in the control board damaged.We purchased but failed at that time.Now it has been replaced.”
“哦，控制板有個(gè)元件壞了，當(dāng)時(shí)買不到，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)換了?！?/p>
“Remember.Company requires no intermission in log while drilling during operation, otherwise your day rate will be deducted.Last well, I held back a lot for you and didn’t report the
headquarters about this.”
“記住，甲方要求隨鉆記錄在鉆井過程中不能間斷，否則要扣日費(fèi)。上口井多虧我?guī)湍銈冸[瞞了，沒向總部報(bào)告?！?/p>
“Thanks.This will never happen again.” “謝謝，這次不會(huì)了。”
Out of the doghouse, they began to check the equipment on the floor.The Rig Manager knew that the floor was the keystone to be checked.走出司鉆休息室，HSE官員、Email開始對(duì)鉆臺(tái)上設(shè)備進(jìn)行檢查。平臺(tái)經(jīng)理知道鉆臺(tái)是他們檢查的重點(diǎn)。
The HSE officer was in charge of inspecting circuit and air connections of mechanical units.HSE官員負(fù)責(zé)檢查機(jī)械設(shè)備的電路連接和氣路連接；
Email was in charge of inspecting the running condition of mechanical units — Weight Indicator, Pressure Gauge, Rotary Torque Indicator, DC Torque Gauge, Stroke Counter, Standpipe Pressure Gauge, Drawworks, DC Drilling Motor, Driller’s Control Console, Control Console of Top Drive, Air Hoist, whether the snub line, slings of balance hammer and deadline anchor were fixed and reliable or not.Email負(fù)責(zé)檢查機(jī)械設(shè)備及儀表—指重表、壓力表、轉(zhuǎn)盤扭矩表、鉆鋌上扣扭矩表、泵沖記數(shù)儀、立管壓力表、絞車，DC鉆井馬達(dá)、司控臺(tái)、頂驅(qū)控制臺(tái)、風(fēng)動(dòng)絞車的運(yùn)行情況，吊鉗尾繩、平衡錘吊繩、死繩固定器是否牢固、可靠。
“Start the drawworks,” the HSE officer ordered the driller, “Start ‘A’ motor first, then ‘B’ motor, at last parallel them.I’ll check whether the motors run in good order.” “啟動(dòng)絞車，”HSE官員對(duì)司鉆道，“先開A馬達(dá)，再開B馬達(dá)，最后并車運(yùn)行。我要檢查直流馬達(dá)是否工作正常。”
“Yes, sir.” The driller ran the drawworks in accordance with the HSE officer’s instruction.“是?！彼俱@按照HSE官員的指令逐步啟動(dòng)絞車。
Meanwhile, Email was checking the sensitivity of the brake system of the drawworks—testing main brake band, electromagnetic eddy brake, air brake and crownblock protector;the arrangement and perfection of the drilling line on the drum;the power to makeup and breakout.與此同時(shí), Email卻在檢查絞車剎車系統(tǒng)的靈敏度—測試主剎帶、電磁渦流剎車、氣剎和防碰天車；滾筒鋼絲繩的排列和完好性；貓頭上、卸扣的力度。
The drawworks ran smoothly and no abnormal condition occurred.15 minutes later, the HSE officer moved his hand to the driller to stop.絞車運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)十分正常，沒發(fā)現(xiàn)任何異常情況。15分鐘后，HSE官員揮手叫司鉆把絞車停下來。
“Operate the 1#, 2# mud pumps at rated power of 120spm right now.Each pump runs for 5 minutes.”
“現(xiàn)在按泥漿泵的額定沖數(shù)120spm運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)1#、2#泥漿泵，每臺(tái)泵運(yùn)行5分鐘。” minutes passed, the pumps ran very well.The HSE officer and the Drilling Supervisor had nothing to say.10分鐘過去了，兩臺(tái)泵運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常，HSE官員和監(jiān)督均無話可說。
“Has aligned the wellhead with 11” DC?” Email asked the driller.“用11”鉆鋌校正井口了嗎？”Email問司鉆。
“Sure, of course.” “當(dāng)然校正了。”
“Well, run the rotary table at 50, 80, 100, 120rpm, I’ll check whether it has unusual sound during rotating.”
“好，按50，80，100，120rpm轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)盤，我要檢查轉(zhuǎn)盤是否有異常聲音?！?/p>
The driller did according to his requirement.The HSE officer and the Supervisor listened carefully beside the table, it seemed that they wanted to hear something, but failed.5 minutes later, the rotary table was stopped.司鉆按監(jiān)督的速度要求運(yùn)行轉(zhuǎn)盤, HSE官員和監(jiān)督在一旁仔細(xì)地監(jiān)聽，似乎要聽出點(diǎn)異常,可他們失望了。5分鐘后, 轉(zhuǎn)盤停了下來。
“Test the alert horn.” HSE officer ordered.“拉響報(bào)警器?！盚SE官員道。
The horn sounded, but the distinguishability of(Hi-lo signal alarm)althorn and sackbut was not clearly.The HSE officer shook his head unsatisfiedly.警報(bào)響了，可高、低音喇叭分辨不清楚，HSE官員聽得直搖頭。
“We modify right now,” said the electrician in a hurry, “change the althorn.” “我們馬上整改，換高音喇叭?！焙紟熩s緊道。
“Well.Check the illuminating system of the mast, now.” the HSE officer said to the electrician.“好的?，F(xiàn)在檢查井架照明系統(tǒng)?！?HSE官員對(duì)冉技道。
The electrician switched power supply for the system.The HSE officer looked up to check, and all the lights were shining.冉技合閘，接通井架照明系統(tǒng)電源。HSE官員仰頭查看，所有燈都亮著。
“Branch cable connection, lamp holder, lampshade of each lamp in the mast is safe and reliable? No problem?”
“井架上每盞燈的支線電纜的連接、燈座、護(hù)罩是不是都安全可靠，不會(huì)有問題吧？”
“Absolutely not.I did it myself.”
“井架上的照明電纜是我親自接的，絕對(duì)安全可靠?！?/p>
“I trust you.But I must climb up the mast to check them one by one.” he touched the electrician’s shoulder, “I also check whether the pins of the mast were fixed, whether inserted safety pins and split pins for them;whether the hose was tied well with safety line.You see, the stabbing board, the monkeyboard, the crownblock and the escape trolley need to be checked too.”
“相信你，但我還是要上去一一檢查?！?HSE官員拍拍冉技師的肩頭?！拔乙獧z查井架銷子是否牢固，插了安全銷沒有；水龍帶保險(xiǎn)繩是否栓好；檢查套管對(duì)扣臺(tái)、二層臺(tái)、逃生裝置及天車的安裝情況。”
“Ok, I have to accompany you to climb up the mast.” “好吧，我陪你上去。”
While the two fellows climbed up the mast with safety belt, Email, George and the machinist went to the floor toolhouse.HSE官員、冉技系上安全帶上二層臺(tái)檢查去了。平臺(tái)經(jīng)理、機(jī)械技師和鉆井監(jiān)督走向鉆臺(tái)偏房。
As soon as entering into the toolhouse, George’s face went red immediately, feeling very embarrassed.What they saw was terrible.The floor tools—the hydraulic tongs, slips, elevator, bit breaker,and the hand tools in the tool cabinet —chain tongs, pipe tongs, wrenches, pliers(hand vice), screw driver, steel rulers, steel tape, scissors and adhesive tape, etc.were put in a complete mess.一走進(jìn)鉆臺(tái)偏房，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理的臉一下子紅了起來，極為尷尬。他們所見到的慘不忍睹。只見鉆臺(tái)工具—液氣大鉗、卡瓦、吊卡、鉆頭盒，以及工具柜里的手工具—鏈鉗、管鉗、扳手、鉗子、螺絲刀、鋼板尺、鋼卷尺、剪刀、膠粘帶等擺放得亂七八糟，一塌糊涂。
“Oh, no.” George wailed before the Supervisor complained: “Don’t fill this in the report, please.Give me an hour, I’ll get everything in apple-pie order.”
“噢，不要?！辈坏缺O(jiān)督開口，George先說道：“別記錄，給我一個(gè)小時(shí)，我把這里搞得規(guī)規(guī)矩矩、井井有條?！?/p>
“You are smart.” “算你聰明?！?/p>
“What’s wrong, Hu?” George roared to his machinist in a bad temper, “If the spudding date is influenced, you’ll lose you bonus.”
“怎么搞的，胡大班？”George對(duì)他的技師發(fā)怒道?！坝绊懥碎_鉆，我要扣你的獎(jiǎng)金。”
“Yesterday afternoon, I arranged Shift 2 to do it,” murmured the machinist, feeling very grievance.“昨天下午，我安排二班收拾的?！焙蟀噜?，心頭受訓(xùn)感到十分委屈。
The pipeline connection from the pumps to the standpipe was also checked prior to ending the floor inspection.在結(jié)束鉆臺(tái)檢查之前，他們還檢查了泥漿泵到立管的管線連接。
In circulation & solid control system, the HSE officer firstly checked the mud and fresh water prepared for the first spudduing, then the cable slot, wiring condition of shale shaker, vacuum degasser, centrifuge and illuminating system, at last he asked to run the units as per its rated power.循環(huán)固控系統(tǒng)，HSE官員首先檢查了泥漿罐里為一開準(zhǔn)備的泥漿和清水，然后檢查泥漿罐上的電纜槽、振動(dòng)篩、真空除氣器、離心機(jī)和照明系統(tǒng)的電路情況并要求按這些設(shè)備的額定功率試運(yùn)行這些設(shè)備。
Email checked the connections between No.1 to No.5 mud tanks, including butterfly valves, pit level devices in the tanks and the work condition of desilters, desanders, degassers, mud guns, agitators on the tanks.Email檢查了1~5號(hào)泥漿罐各罐之間的連接，罐里的蝶閥、液位標(biāo)尺，罐上的除泥器、除砂器、除氣器、泥漿槍、攪拌器的工作狀況。
“George, the butterfly valve of No.2 tank has a little leakage.Two mud guns are rusted seriously.You didn’t maintain them, right?”
“George，2#罐蝶閥滴漏，泥漿槍有點(diǎn)銹蝕，沒有進(jìn)行潤滑保養(yǎng)，是吧？”
“It’s impossible, Email.Maybe it’s the reason of being used for a long time.” George explained.“不會(huì)吧，Email。可能是泥漿槍用久了的緣故吧?！盙eorge辯解到。
“I don’t care.No matter what reasons, you must send a guy to maintain them, otherwise…” “我不管，反正你得派人搞一下。否則?...”
“Yes, sir.” George interrupted him.“遵命?！盙eorge打斷他的話。
At last, the HSE officer said: “Show me the mud level records!”
最后SHE官員問：“把泥漿液面觀察記錄拿來看看？”
“Here you are.” The machinist hand in the record notebook, which was hanged beside the centrifuge.“給?！焙紟煱褣煸陔x心機(jī)旁的記錄本交給HSE官員。
In the weighting house, the HSE officer met the mud engineer who was guiding the local labors to convey barite.在配藥房HSE官員遇見了正在指揮當(dāng)?shù)孛窆ぐ徇\(yùn)重晶石的泥漿工程師。
“Do you prepare eyewash for the workers?” “備有洗眼液嗎？”他問。
“Of course.It’s over there,” said the mud engineer, pointing the eyewash by the rinsing pool.“有，在哪兒。”泥漿工程師指著放在洗手池旁洗眼液說。
“You should paste a clear sign of eyewash over there so that to satisfy HSE requirements,” the HSE officer blamed, “Look, without your reminding of me, I couldn’t find it.” “應(yīng)該在那里貼上洗眼液的明顯標(biāo)志，這樣才符合HSE要求?！盚SE官員責(zé)備道：“瞧，要不是你提醒，我根本找不到?！?/p>
“I see, my lord.” “明白了，大人。”
“Start the weighting pump,” the HSE officer ordered the mud Engineer, ”I’d like to check its running condition.”
“啟動(dòng)加重泵，”HSE官員對(duì)泥漿工程師命令道，“我要看看它的運(yùn)行情況?！?/p>
The mud engineer knew that he wanted to check whether it was connected to the hopper, whether the hopper worked normally.泥漿工程師知道他要檢查加重泵是否與漏斗連接，漏斗能否正常工作。
After inspecting the solid control system, they came to the pump house.The assistant driller and two roughnecks were busy on No.1 mud pump.檢查完固控系統(tǒng)，他們來到泵房。副司鉆和2個(gè)鉆工在1號(hào)泵上忙碌著。
“What’s wrong?” asked Email, “any troubles with the pump? It was all right a moment, right?” “怎么回事，”Email問道，“泵出現(xiàn)問題了？剛才試運(yùn)行不是好好的碼？”
“Nothing.I informed them to replace the liner and the piston,” answered the machinist, “when operated the pumps, the small size liner of No.1 pump wasn’t replaced in time during moving.You know, opening the hole with 26” bit needs big displacement, so the small size liner needs to be changed into 190mm.It’ll be completed soon.” “沒什么。我通知他們換缸套活塞?！睓C(jī)械大班回答道：“剛才試泵的時(shí)候，1號(hào)泵還是小尺寸缸套活塞，在搬遷時(shí)沒來得急更換。你知道，26”井眼開鉆需要大排量，因此1號(hào)泵要換成190mm缸套活塞。很快就換好了?！?/p>
“After the liner replaced, try to run it again,” said the HSE officer.“換好后再試運(yùn)行一下，”HSE官員道。
“Yes, Sir.” “是?！?/p>
No more questions, Email and the HSE officer began to check DC motors, power supply wiring of two pumps, valves and unions of In and Out pipelines.Email與HSE官員不再多問，開始檢查兩臺(tái)泥漿泵的DC馬達(dá)，電源連接，進(jìn)、出口管線閘
門和由壬。
“Ran, come on,” the HSE officer shouted to the electrician, pointing the cable connector of DC motor of No.2 pump, “The insulating tape winding the cable connector is aging.The cablehead will be naked out soon, I estimate.It needs to be wrapped(wind)again.”
“冉技師，過來一下，”HSE官員對(duì)電器技師喊道，指著2#泵DC馬達(dá)，說：“電纜接頭纏繞的膠布老化了，估計(jì)用不了多久線頭就會(huì)裸露出來，需要重新纏繞。”HSE官員對(duì)電器技師說。
“I’ll wind the insulating tape for the two pumps over again.” “我馬上把兩臺(tái)泵接線頭都重新纏繞一遍?！?/p>
Out from the SCR house, MCC house and entering into the Generator House, the HSE officer said to the Drilling Supervisor, “The American’s products are unquestionable indeed.I hardly find out any defects.”
從干凈、整潔的SCR和MCC房里出來進(jìn)入發(fā)電機(jī)房，SHE官員對(duì)鉆井監(jiān)督說：“美國佬的產(chǎn)品確實(shí)無可挑剔，我簡直找不出什么毛病?！?/p>
“That’s because you are not familiar with them,” said Email, “Last well, something wrong with the modules of No.3, No.4 control cubicles, it brought them a lot of troubles and almost caused a downtime.”
“那是你不太熟悉他們罷了，”Email道：“上口井，SCR房里的3#柜、4#柜里面的模塊出了問題還不是一樣的麻煩，差點(diǎn)造成停鉆事故?！?/p>
“Oh, I see.To me, electric is very complex.” The HSE officer shook his shoulder helplessly.“哦，對(duì)我而言，電這個(gè)東西確實(shí)太復(fù)雜了。”HSE官員無奈地聳聳肩。
“Shall I start 4 CATs for inspection?” asked the motorman while they were chatting.談話間，機(jī)房司機(jī)問要不要啟動(dòng)四臺(tái)CAT 3512發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)組讓他們驗(yàn)收
“Only start No.2 generator sets to check running condition.” “啟動(dòng) 2#機(jī)組，我們看看運(yùn)行情況就行了。”
Later, in the oil tank battery, they checked valves, pipeline connection of fuel tanks and the motor that used to transfer the fuel oil.隨后，在油罐區(qū)，他們檢查了幾個(gè)燃油罐的閥門、管線連接和高架罐的油泵馬達(dá)。
Outside of the remote control station, Email checked the valves and unions in the control manifold carefully to find out whether there is a leakage or not.在遠(yuǎn)程控制房的外面，Email仔細(xì)檢查了控制管線的閥門和由壬，查看有無泄漏。
In the station, Email and the HSE officer checked whether the independent automatic accumulator unit of the control system for BOP stacks was in good condition, whether the remote
control panel clearly showing open and close positions for preventers and the hydraulic operated kill / choke line valves.Without recharging, whether the accumulator capacity was adequate for closing and opening all preventers and closing again the annular and one ram type preventer and hold them closed against the rated BOP WP.遠(yuǎn)程控制房里，Email和 HSE官員檢查了用于防噴器組控制系統(tǒng)的獨(dú)立自動(dòng)儲(chǔ)能裝置是否狀態(tài)良好；遙控臺(tái)上是否清楚標(biāo)識(shí)防噴器和液壓操作壓井/節(jié)流管線閥門的開位和關(guān)位。勿需再充氮，儲(chǔ)能量是否適合關(guān)閉和打開所有的防噴器，再關(guān)閉環(huán)空和一個(gè)閘板防噴器并針對(duì)額定的BOP工作壓力保持其關(guān)閉。
At the same time, they also checked the low pressure warning alarm and the low fluid level warning alarm equipped in the station.同時(shí)，他們還檢查了遠(yuǎn)控房里配備的低壓報(bào)警和低液位報(bào)警裝置。
“Ok, not bad.The configuration of the station completely satisfies HSE requirements.” The HSE officer gave his comment.“不錯(cuò)。遠(yuǎn)控房的配置完全滿足HSE要求?！盚SE官員評(píng)價(jià)道。
As soon as entering into the fire-fighting house, what stroke their eyes were the fire-fighting tools put in apple-pie order.The fire-fighting axes, shovels, buckets, fire blankets and fire hoses were hung as consistent with the layout lines on the walls.The fire extinguishers on the ground met HSE layout requirements completely.最后他們走進(jìn)消防房。只見消防工具—消防斧、消防鏟、消防桶、滅火毯、消防管線按壁上的畫線，擺放得井然有序，地上擺放的滅火器整整齊齊，完全符合SHE對(duì)消防設(shè)備的擺放要求。
“How many extinguishers equipped in total?” HSE officer asked.“一共配備了多少瓶滅火器？”SHE官員問。
“Equipped according to HSE standard.10 liters foam extinguisher, 12 bottles;10 liter powder extinguisher, 12 bottles.”
“滅火器是按SHE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配備的。10升泡沫滅火器12瓶、10升干粉滅火器12瓶。”
“Prepared fire sand?” asked Email.“防火砂準(zhǔn)備沒有？”Email問。
“Sure, at the left side of the substructure,” answered George, “Shall I show you?” “當(dāng)然準(zhǔn)備了，在底座左邊，”George回答道：“要不要帶你去看看?！?/p>
“Not necessary.” “不必了?！?/p>
The HSE officer began to check the labels, valid date and the latch of the extinguisher, whether it worked or not.SHE官員檢查這些滅火器的有效期、標(biāo)簽以及鎖銷是否工作。
“George, the powder extinguishers only have a month’s valid date.I think you should order new ones.”
“George, 干粉滅火器的有效期還有一個(gè)月，我想你們?cè)撚嗁徚??！?/p>
“We’ve listed it in our procurement schedule.” “這個(gè)已列在我們的采購計(jì)劃中?！?/p>
Out of the rig-site, HSE officer asked George: “How many searchlights are used to illuminate the whole site?”
走出井場，SHE官員問平臺(tái)經(jīng)理：“井場照明用了幾盞探照燈？”
“20 searchlights around the site.”
“整個(gè)井場用了20盞探照燈，分別在井場四周?！?/p>
“Install another 2 searchlights at air drilling package, make the front site lighter at night, Ok.” The HSE officer suggested.“在空鉆設(shè)備處加2盞探照燈，使前場更晚上更亮點(diǎn)?！?HSE官員建議道。
“Good idea.” “沒問題?！?/p>
“It’s time for inspecting the clinic.” The SHE officer offered.“走，看看你們的醫(yī)務(wù)室?！?HSE官員提出要對(duì)醫(yī)務(wù)室進(jìn)行檢查。
In clinic, Mr.Liu, the doctor of the Drilling Crew, was busy in assorting and registering the messed medicine and medical appliances due to moving.醫(yī)務(wù)室里，隨隊(duì)的劉醫(yī)生正在將藥品及醫(yī)療器械歸類、登記。
“Hi, Dr.Liu.” greeted the HSE officer, offering his hand.“你好，劉醫(yī)生。” HSE官員伸手問候道。
“Hi, Marsood.Welcome.” Dr.Liu held his hand.“你好，Marsood。歡迎檢查?！?/p>
Checking the medical instruments, the medicine cabinet, First Aid equipment according to HSE requirements, the HSE officer felt satisfaction with what Dr.Liu did.HSE 官員按HSE要求檢查了醫(yī)療器械、藥品柜、急救設(shè)備，感到很滿意。
“Very good.Doctor Liu,” he appreciated, “However, next month is summer, the weather will be much hotter in this region.You should prepare abundant medicine for sunstroke prevention.” “很好，劉醫(yī)生?！彼Q贊道。“不過，下個(gè)月就進(jìn)入夏季了，這個(gè)地區(qū)天氣較為炎熱，應(yīng)配備充足的防暑降溫藥品?！?/p>
“Sure.This shift I bring some traditional Chinese medicines for sunstroke prevention.I think no problem.”
“那是當(dāng)然，這輪班我?guī)┓朗罱禍氐闹兴庍^來，應(yīng)該沒問題?！?/p>
“Snakes often appear in this region in summer days.Do you prepare any blood serums for emergence?”
“這地區(qū)常有毒蛇出沒，配備了應(yīng)急用的些血清沒有？”
“A little, only three serums.It’s very difficult to buy this kind of anti-toxin serum.” “有，但只有三只。這種血清在市場上很難買到?！?/p>
“I’ll try to help you.” HSE officer promised.“我給你們想想辦法。” HSE官員承諾道。
“Thank you in advance.” “那就謹(jǐn)先致謝?！?/p>
In the afternoon, accompanied by the Camp Manager, the HSE officer inspected all the camp establishments--kitchen, dining-room, storeroom, employee’s caravans, laundry and bathroom, etc.He wanted to know whether these establishments could be up to the HSE standard of sanitation.下午，HSE官員在營地經(jīng)理陪同下對(duì)營地設(shè)施—廚房、餐廳、儲(chǔ)藏室、員工住房、洗衣房、衛(wèi)生間進(jìn)行檢查，看衛(wèi)生條件能不能達(dá)到HSE的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。
In the laundry, HSE officer tested two washing machines and two dryers.洗衣房里，HSE官員試了二臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)和二臺(tái)干洗機(jī)。
“Look, that washing machine doesn’t work.Why not to send it to be repaired?” “瞧，那臺(tái)臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)壞了，為什么沒送去修理？”
“The laundry and its equipment are still in the guarantee period.We have touched the supplier, and he promised to send a repairman to repair it soon.”
“洗衣房及其設(shè)備還在保修期內(nèi)，我們已經(jīng)供貨商聯(lián)系過了，他們答應(yīng)很快派人來修理?！?/p>
The next door was the bathroom, the HSE officer ordered the camp manager to open all the waterlines to check the taps and the showers.洗衣房隔壁是浴室，HSE官員叫營地經(jīng)理打開所有水管線檢查水龍頭和蓬頭。
“Two showers damaged.One waterline leaked.They should have been replaced or repaired, why?” the HSE officer asked unhappily.“浴室里有兩個(gè)蓬頭壞了，水管線也漏水，為什么沒有更換和修理？” HSE官員不悅地問道。
“Sorry.We just settled down, having no time to consider this.But I’ll send a guy to modify at once.”
“對(duì)不起，我們剛安定下來，沒來得及。不過，我馬上派人整改。”
“Remember, next time, no sorry.” The HSE officer said seriously, meanwhile he filled what he had found in the report.“記住，下次可沒有對(duì)不起，”HSE官員嚴(yán)厲道，同時(shí)記錄在驗(yàn)收?qǐng)?bào)告里。
In this case, the Camp Manager began to be a little worried because he did not know what would happen in the next during inspection.這種情況下，營地經(jīng)理開始擔(dān)心起來因?yàn)樗恢澜又鴷?huì)出什么事。
The HSE officer frown as he saw the flies flying all round in the dining-room, saying: “ Mr.Tang, look, so many flies, you should equip a unit for the dining-room to drive out of the flies.To have dinner in a clean and comfortable circumstance, it will be good for the employee’s health.” 在餐廳，看見四處飛舞的蒼蠅，HSE官員皺了皺眉頭說：“唐經(jīng)理，餐廳里的蒼蠅太多，應(yīng)該有一臺(tái)驅(qū)蒼蠅設(shè)備。這樣員工們?cè)诟蓛舻沫h(huán)境里就餐，會(huì)對(duì)身體有好處?！?/p>
“The unit is being purchased.I’m sure you’ll have different feelings while you come to inspect next time.”
“我們正在積極采購，下次你來檢查感覺肯定不一樣。”
“I hope so.” “但愿如此?！?/p>
At night, in the meeting room at site, HSE officer affirmed today’s inspection referring his Inspection Report, and offered his suggestions about modification according to HSE principles.晚上，井場會(huì)議室，HSE官員對(duì)今天的驗(yàn)收給予了肯定，也提出了整改意見。
“Anyway, few places need to be modified.I hope that you complete the modifications as soon as possible, otherwise the spudding date will be delayed,” said the HSE officer.“總之，需要整改的地方不多，希望你們盡快完成，不影響開鉆日期?！?HSE官員道。
“Set your heart at rest.I guarantee we’ll complete the modification in a day,” the Rig Manager promised, “ and spud on time.”
“你放心，一天之內(nèi)我保證整改完畢，”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理承諾道：“保證按時(shí)開鉆?！?/p>
“Well, I’ll consign the last inspection to Email,” HSE officer said, “If he thinks OK, you’ll be OK.” “那好，最后的整改驗(yàn)收，我委托Email執(zhí)行?！盚SE官員道：“如果他認(rèn)為行了，你們就過關(guān)了。”
Vocabulary spudding inspection 開鉆驗(yàn)收
regulation 規(guī)章,規(guī)則,調(diào)節(jié) fill in 填充
in practice實(shí)踐,實(shí)際上,熟練
take in接受,接待,吸收,理解
confidence信心
modify修改,更改,整改
instruct教導(dǎo),命令,指示,通知 register登記,注冊(cè),記錄
caution board警示牌 sign board標(biāo)志牌
patrol出巡、巡邏 runway跑道
ramp坡道
catwalk 狹窄的過道,高空走道;高臺(tái),天車臺(tái)
catworks 輔助(貓頭)絞車,絞車的貓頭部分 casing frame套管架
surface casing表層套管 casing accessories 套管附件
casing adapter 套管異徑接頭
casing anchor 套管錨
casing anchor packer 套管錨封隔器 casing annulus 套管環(huán)空
casing appliances 下套管工具
casing centralizer 套管扶正器
casing check valve 套管止回閥, 套管回壓凡爾 casing clamps 套管卡子
casing collapse 套管擠壞
casing collar 套管接箍
casing connecting spool 雙法蘭短節(jié) casing connection 套管連接
casing deformation 套管變形 casing dog 套管打撈矛
casing elevator 套管吊卡 casing failure 套管斷裂,套管損壞
casing fitting 套管配件 casing float collar 套管浮箍
casing float valve 套管浮閥 casing gauge 套管絲扣規(guī)
casing guide shoe 套管引鞋
casing-head spool 套管頭四通
casinghead squeeze 套管頭擠水泥 casing-head top 套管頭頂
casing hold-down ring 套管頭壓緊環(huán) attachment附件,附加裝置
hasten催促,趕緊,促進(jìn) cement水泥,注水泥,結(jié)合劑,膠結(jié)劑
cement tank灰罐 plug 插頭
receptacle插座 diving pump 潛水泵
explosion-proof防爆 illuminating system照明系數(shù)
head lamp照明燈 connecting pin連接銷
safety pin安全銷
split pin開口銷
diverting device(poor boy)分流器 drainage ditch排污溝
lampshade燈罩
dredge挖掘,疏通
wellhead hazard area井口危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域 sand pit 沙坑
survival passage逃生滑道 handrail扶手
glove手套
smear油跡,污點(diǎn),涂上,抹掉,除污
squat down蹲、蹲下 floor flat 鉆臺(tái)面
extended table加寬臺(tái)
doghouse司鉆休息室
quick-connector快速接頭 switchboards配電盤,配電板
oxygent breather氧氣呼吸器 fire extingwisher滅火器
configure配置,設(shè)定 stretcher擔(dān)架
First Aid緊急救護(hù) debug調(diào)試,調(diào)試工具;排除
print out打印 log while drilling隨鉆記錄
control board控制板 intermission間斷
hold back隱瞞
keystone重點(diǎn)
circuit connection電路連接 air connection氣路連接
weight indicator指重表
pressure gauge壓力表
rotary torque indicator轉(zhuǎn)盤扭矩表 DC motor直流電機(jī)
AC motor交流電機(jī)
air hoist風(fēng)動(dòng)絞車
DC torque gauge鉆鋌上扣扭矩表 stroke counter泵沖記數(shù)儀
standpipe pressure gauge立管壓力表 snub line吊鉗尾繩
balance harmmer平衡錘 sling吊繩
deadline anchor死繩固定器 sensitivity敏感系數(shù)（度）,靈敏性
brake system剎車系統(tǒng) electromagnetic eddy brake電磁渦流剎車
air brake氣剎 crownblock protector(saver)防碰天車
drum滾筒
rated power額定功率
align對(duì)準(zhǔn),校正,校直 alert horn報(bào)警器
althorn高音喇叭 lampshade燈罩
lampholder燈座
safety line保險(xiǎn)繩
stabbing board對(duì)扣臺(tái)（套管）escape trolley逃生滑車
safety belt安全帶
floor toolhouse鉆臺(tái)偏房
hydraulic tong液氣大鉗 slip卡瓦
elevator吊卡
bit breaker鉆頭盒
tool cabinet工具柜 chain tong鏈鉗
pipe tong管鉗
wrench板手
pliers鉗子、老虎鉗 steel ruler鋼圈尺
scissor剪刀
adhesive tape膠粘帶
fresh water清水
cable slot電纜槽
vacuum degasser真空除氣器 rated power額定功率
butterfly valve蝶閥 pit level device液位標(biāo)尺
desilter除泥器
desander除砂器
degasser除氣器 mud gun泥漿槍
agitator攪拌器 leakage漏,泄漏,滲漏
rust鐵銹,（使）生銹 mud volume泥漿體積
weighting house加重房 barite重晶石
eyewash洗眼液
rinsing pool洗手池
weighting pump加重泵 hopper漏斗
piston活塞
union油壬
cable connetor電纜接頭 age老化
insulating tape絕緣膠布 defect缺陷、缺點(diǎn)
control cubicle控制柜 downtime停鉆
oil tank battery油罐區(qū) fuel tank燃油罐、高架罐
fuel oil燃油
remote control station遠(yuǎn)控房
control manifold控制管匯 automatic accumulator unit自動(dòng)儲(chǔ)能裝置
tap水龍頭
BOP stacks防噴器組
remote control panel遠(yuǎn)控臺(tái) shower蓬頭
kill line 壓井管線 choke line節(jié)流管線
preventer防噴器 annular環(huán)空
ram閘板
WP（working pressure）工作壓力
low pressure低壓 low fluid level低液位
fire-fighting消防
fire blanket消防毯
fire hose 消防水龍帶
foam extinguisher泡沫滅火器
powder extinguisher干粉滅火器
fire sand防火砂
valid date 有效期 latch鎖銷
searchlight探照燈
medical instrument醫(yī)療器械
establishment設(shè)施、確定、制定 kitchen廚房
dining-room餐廳 storeroom儲(chǔ)藏室
laundry洗衣房
bathroom衛(wèi)生間
washing machine洗衣機(jī) dryer干燥機(jī)、干洗機(jī)
guarantee period保修期
Chapter V Drilling Operation 鉆井作業(yè)
At midnight, George, the Rig Manager, was woken up from dream, looking at his watch beside the pillow, it was 4 a.m.before dawn.In the mist, he wanted to go asleep again, suddenly he reminded that today was the spudding date of TBK-3, so his drowsiness disappeared at once.He got up, put on his uniform and rushed to the rig-site.Only 3 hours and 18 minutes left to the spudding time, he would complete the final safety inspection prior to spudding during this period.深夜，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理George從夢中驚醒，看了看放在枕邊的手表，才凌晨4點(diǎn)鐘。迷糊中，他準(zhǔn)備再次入睡，可猛然想起今天是TBK-3井的開鉆日，頓時(shí)睡意全消。他趕緊起床、穿衣，奔向井場?，F(xiàn)在離開鉆時(shí)間還剩3小時(shí)又18分鐘，他要在這段時(shí)間里作開鉆前的最后安全檢查。
On the rig floor, George asked the driller who was operating the brake handle: “Have you completed to make up the strings for the first spudding?”
鉆臺(tái)上，George問操作剎把的司鉆，道：“一開的鉆具配好了嗎？”
“Two hours ahead of time.” “提前兩小時(shí)就配好了?！?/p>
“The BHA of the first spudding is…?” “一開的鉆具組合是?..？”
“26” bit + 11”float valve + 11” drilling jar + 11”DC + 11” crossover sub + 9”DC + 9” crossover sub + 8”DC + 8” crossover sub + 5 1/2”DP.” “26”鉆頭+ 11”浮閥+ 11”隨鉆震擊器+ 11”鉆鋌+ 11”轉(zhuǎn)換接頭+9”鉆鋌+9”轉(zhuǎn)換接頭+8”鉆鋌+8”轉(zhuǎn)換接頭+ 5 1/2”鉆桿。”
“OK.The design depth of first spud is 893m.How many meters of drill pipe have been lifted from the drill box to the pipe rack? “
“OK，一開的設(shè)計(jì)井深為893米。從鉆桿盒里吊了多少米鉆桿到鉆桿架上？”
“Over 800 meters.” “吊了800多米?！?/p>
“Has the wellhead been aligned?” “校正井口沒有？”
“Yeah.The Toolpusher has done it.” “帶班隊(duì)長校正過了?！?/p>
“Well done.Lift another 300m drill pipe to the pipe rack, and then tell your guys to take a short rest.Use an hour to get the floor tools in tidy for saluting the spudding.”
“很好。再吊300米鉆桿到鉆桿架上，然后叫大伙兒稍作休息。用一小時(shí)的時(shí)間將鉆臺(tái)工具收拾規(guī)矩，迎接開鉆。”
“Ok, sir.”
“好的，頭兒?！?/p>
Finishing the floor inspection, he went to the circulation & solid control system along the ladder.檢查完鉆臺(tái)，George順著扶梯走向循環(huán)固控系統(tǒng)。
“Xiao Li.” George ordered the roughneck who was cleaning the mud equipment, “Start the three Derrick shale shakes, centrifuge, charge pump, and check their running condition carefully again.” “小李，將三臺(tái)Derrick振動(dòng)篩、離心機(jī)、灌注泵啟動(dòng)起來，再仔細(xì)檢查檢查一下它們的運(yùn)行情況。”George對(duì)正在清潔設(shè)備的撈砂工命令道。
“Ok, sir.”
“好的，頭兒?！?/p>
As soon as Xiao Li switched the power on, the equipment started to run at once.George listened for a while, a smile showed on his face.小李一合上電閘，設(shè)備立即運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)起來。George聽了一會(huì)兒，臉上爬上滿意的微笑。
“You must keep them in normal operation after spudding, frequently observe outlet return during drilling.”
“開鉆后一定要保證它們的正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，勤觀察出口的返出情況?！?/p>
“No problem.I guarantee.” “沒問題，我保證！”
On No.4 mud tank, George met the mud engineer, Chang Lin, on night tour, who just came out from the barite house nearby.His uniform was covered with white mud materials.在4#泥漿罐上，George遇見了上夜班的泥漿工程師常林，他剛從配藥房出來，工作服上滿是白色泥漿材料。
“Hi, Mr.Chang.Mud for the first spudding is ready?” “你好，常工。一開需要的泥漿配齊了沒有？”
“Sure.According to the Drilling Program about the drilling fluid in this well, drilling 26” hole with air/foam or foam mud, I mixed up 120 m3 foam mud with density of 65 pcf.Besides, I vacated two mud tanks for mixing up LCM(lost circulation material)mud whenever if necessary.” “配齊了。根據(jù)這口井對(duì)鉆井液的指令要求，26”井眼用空氣/泡沫或泡沫泥漿，我配了120 m3泥漿密度為65pcf（1.04g/cm3）的泡沫泥漿。另外，我還騰出兩個(gè)罐隨時(shí)調(diào)配堵漏泥漿?！?/p>
“You considered in all aspects!” appreciated George, “The drilling progress of this well will rely on your mud.”
“你想得很周到，”George贊賞道：“這口井的進(jìn)度全仰仗你們泥漿了?！?/p>
“We’ll try our best.But you must guarantee our water supply this time, otherwise…” “我們會(huì)全力以赴的！但這次一定要保證泥漿用水，否則?..”
“I’ll also try my best to guarantee that,” George interrupted him, promising solemnly.“我會(huì)想辦法保證的。”George打斷他，鄭重地承諾道。
In the pump house, he met the Toolpusher, zhou Hua, who was performing routine inspection.在泵房，他與巡回例檢的帶班隊(duì)長周華相遇。
“So, you can’t set your heart at rest and come to check?” “怎么，不放心，還要來看看？”
“Of course.You know the responsibility on my shoulders.The drilling cycle of this well was reduced.If the spud is not our day that some troubles occur, we…”
“那是當(dāng)然。你知道我肩上的責(zé)任。這口井鉆井周期減少了，如果開鉆不順，出了漏子?..”
“Stop, my manager.Don’t speak unlucky words.We’ll be successful.” “打住吧，我的經(jīng)理。我們不需要聽不吉利的話，我們會(huì)成功的！”
“Successful!” repeated George.“Has the SCR house, MCC house and the wellhead been checked?” “會(huì)成功的！”George重復(fù)道：“SCR房、MCC房還有井口都檢查了嗎？”
“Yeah.All are in normal condition.They’re waiting for your order.” “一切正常，只等你一聲令下?！?/p>
“OK.At 7 o’clock,” George issued his first order, “inform all the guys on tour to gather at the wellhead.Kill the goat to hold a memorial ceremony for the well.” “好。7點(diǎn)正，通知所有上班人員井口聚齊。殺羊，祭井。”
“Who’s the killer?” “殺手是誰？
“Laden, the local labor we employed(hired).For the ceremony, the Camp Manager and Laden
went down the hill to buy the goat.”
“我們雇請(qǐng)的當(dāng)?shù)貏诠aden。為了祭井，昨天營地管理員（營地經(jīng)理）和Laden還專門下山一趟買這只羊。”
“The Supervisor isn’t against killing, is he? He is a Christian.” “監(jiān)督不反對(duì)殺生嗎？他可是個(gè)基督徒?！?/p>
“He knows the local customs and habits, as well as Chinese habit to seek luck.Even the spudding time why we chose 7:18, the interpreter explained to him, he agreed to it completely，thinking 18 is a lucky number.”
“他知道這是當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，也知道中國人圖吉利的習(xí)慣。就連開鉆時(shí)間為什么選定7點(diǎn)18分，翻譯給他解釋了，他也很贊同，認(rèn)為18是個(gè)吉利數(shù)字?！?/p>
Backed to the office, George felt more sureness.回到辦公室，George感覺更踏實(shí)些。
Last night, Email, the Drilling Supervisor, came to his office to discussed the Drilling Program and Drilling Cycle issued by Company with him and emphasized the shortages existed in the last well.昨晚，監(jiān)督Email來到辦公室同他探討甲方給這口井的下達(dá)的指令書和鉆井周期，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)了打上口井存在的不足。
“George, the design depth is 3380m, same depth as the last well, but the drilling cycle is only given 85 days, 30 days less than the last well.”
“George, 這口井的設(shè)計(jì)井深同上口井一樣是3380多米，而鉆井周期只給了85天，比上口井的鉆井周期要少了30天。”
“I know.We have preparation in mind.” “我知道。我們有思想準(zhǔn)備。”
“In the Drilling Program, Company summarized the troubles encountered in the last well in four aspects: “鉆井指令書里，甲方對(duì)上口井所遇到的麻煩總結(jié)了四點(diǎn)： 1.Considerable time lost due to caving formation, losses and kicks.由于垮塌層、井漏和井涌事故損失了大量的鉆井時(shí)間；
2.Unavailability of the air drilling package in the 26” hole section and the mid
section of the 17 1/2” hole.在26”井眼和17 1/2”井眼中段未能有效使用空鉆設(shè)備；
3.Inappropriate casing setting depths.套管坐封位置不恰當(dāng)；
4.Not having a consistent water supply.”
供水不足。”
After the Supervisor finished his statement, George said: “Email, about the first point, we have studied out a set of effective schemes to deal with downhole problems, such as caving, loss, kick and shrink(tight)hole etc.and use them at corresponding intervals.在監(jiān)督陳述后，George 說：“Email，關(guān)于第一點(diǎn)，我已經(jīng)同我方的工程技術(shù)人員研究出一套對(duì)付垮塌、漏層、井涌、縮徑等井下事故有效方案，在這口井的相應(yīng)井段使用?！?/p>
He halted for a moment, then continued: “About air drilling package, we’ll add two air compressors to increase the displacement from 100m3/min to 165m3/min.That can completely meet the requirement of drilling operation.” 他停頓了一下，接著道：“關(guān)于空鉆設(shè)備，這口井我們將新增2臺(tái)空壓機(jī)，排量從100m3/min提高到165m3/min是完全能滿足鉆井需要的?！?/p>
“Inappropriate casing setting depths,” he thought for a while, saying: ”some were due to your supervisor’s wrong order or inappropriate measurements.To solve the problem of consistent water supply at all, I think, only through Company to assort with the local Drilling Crew.” “套管坐封不到位，”他想了想，說：“那是你們監(jiān)督的作業(yè)指令有誤或措施不當(dāng)造成的。要想根本解決水的問題，我想只有通過甲方與當(dāng)?shù)劂@井隊(duì)協(xié)調(diào)才能得到解決?！?/p>
“About water supply, I’ll urge Company to solve it.Don’t worry.” “關(guān)于生產(chǎn)用水，我會(huì)敦促甲方的，這一點(diǎn)盡管放心好了?！?/p>
“If it is so, we are sure to complete the well successfully.” George encouraged himself.He believed he had the ability as well as his employees did.“如果是這樣，這口井我們肯定會(huì)成功”George鼓勵(lì)著自己。他相信自己有這個(gè)能力，也相信他員工們也有這個(gè)能力。
At 7:18 in the morning, 26”bit was fed into the hole.Email, George and the Toolpusher stood behind the driller, watching him adjusting each drilling parameter: 7點(diǎn)18”，26”鉆頭準(zhǔn)時(shí)入井。George、Email和帶班隊(duì)長站在司鉆背后，看著他在司控臺(tái)上調(diào)整各個(gè)鉆井參數(shù)：
Rotary Speed: 50-70rpm;
轉(zhuǎn)盤轉(zhuǎn)速:
50-70轉(zhuǎn)/分;WOB(Weight on Bit): 1-2t;
鉆壓:
1-2T;Pump Pressure: 1 Mpa;
泵壓:
1Mpa;Pump Stroke(No.1): 60-70/min;
泵沖（1號(hào)泵）: 60-70/min;Pump Stroke(No.2): 60-70/min;
泵沖（2號(hào)泵）: 60-70/min;Displacement: 50-60l/s.排量:
50--60l/s。
The driller fed the bit in a moderate and justified speed;footage deepened a meter by a meter.Spudding got along smoothly.Everybody’s face showed satisfying smile.司鉆均勻、平穩(wěn)送鉆，進(jìn)尺一米一米的往下加深。開鉆順利，大家臉上爬上了滿意的笑容。
“Email, good beginning is half of success.Good spudding means an omen of success.” George said to the supervisor beside him.“Email, 良好的開端是成功的一半。鉆開得不錯(cuò), 是個(gè)好兆頭。”George對(duì)身旁的監(jiān)督說。
“I hope so.” Email was not so optimism as him, saying: “But I should remind of you to fully realize the geological condition of the first spudding interval of 893m, master the geological features of each formation described in Drilling Program: “但愿如此！”Email并不象他這樣樂觀，說：“不過，我要提醒你要充分了解一開893米井段的地質(zhì)情況，仔細(xì)閱讀作業(yè)指令里描述的每一個(gè)層段的地質(zhì)特性。
The Gashsaran Formation is approximately 167m thick and is consisted of mainly anhydrite and interbedded anhydritic limestone and red, grey marls;Gachsaran 地層167米厚，主要為硬石膏、夾層石膏灰?guī)r和紅泥灰?guī)r、灰泥灰?guī)r。
Asmart and Jahrum Formation is approximately 537m(167-704m)thick and consists primarily of a limestone and dolomite.This sequence is highly fractured and porous.In total, more loss zones in the upper 26” hole section, the lower is stress sloughing shale and tight hole interval, easy pipe sticking.”
176-704米的Asmart和Jahrum地層主要為灰?guī)r和白云巖。這個(gè)層序很容易為斷層和滲透層。總之，26”井眼段上段漏層多，下段是應(yīng)力頁巖垮塌層縮徑井段，容易卡鉆?！盓mail一口氣地向George陳述道。
“Don’t worry, the mud engineer can mix up LCM mud at anytime.I have told the driller whenever drilling in Asmart and Jahrum Formation, back reaming 10 meter per 1 stand of drill pipe to clean borehole wall and keep the barehole unhindered.And on the solid control system, there will be a guy to keep his eyes on the change of pit level.”
“別擔(dān)心，泥漿工程師隨時(shí)可以配制堵漏泥漿。我已告知司鉆進(jìn)入Asmart 和Jahrum地層每鉆1立柱進(jìn)尺，倒劃眼十米，清理井壁，保證井眼暢通。固控系統(tǒng)也會(huì)有人一直密切監(jiān)視液面變化?！?/p>
“That’s good.To perform deviational survey when drill to 200m.Since then, carry out a survey each trip.”
“很好！鉆至200米時(shí)測斜，以后每次起下鉆，測斜一次。”
“Ok.” “好的！”
“Oh, it’s almost 9 o’clock.Sorry, it’s time for me to report to the Headquarters about the spudding.Goodbye, gentlemen.”
“哦，都9點(diǎn)過了。對(duì)不起，我該向總部匯報(bào)開鉆情況了。先生們，再見?！?/p>
Email left the floor in a hurry.49 Email匆匆離開了鉆臺(tái)。
The 3rd day of spudding, the Drilling Supervisor, Email was in his office, kept his eyes on real time on-site monitor to observe each changing drilling parameter.Observing almost an hour, he found that the drilling torque increased, rotary speed fluctuated, and the drilling time reduced.He thought it was necessary for him to go to the floor for judging.開鉆第三天，辦公室里甲方鉆井監(jiān)督Email密切注視著時(shí)實(shí)監(jiān)視器上各個(gè)鉆井參數(shù)的變化。在將近1個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間里，鉆井扭矩增大、轉(zhuǎn)盤轉(zhuǎn)速有波動(dòng)，鉆時(shí)減慢。他想有必要上一趟鉆臺(tái)觀察一下。
When climbing up the floor, he saw the Toolpusher holding the brake handle, and George was also observing the change of drilling parameters on the driller’s console.當(dāng)他爬上鉆臺(tái)，看見帶班隊(duì)長在扶剎把，而George在觀察司鉆控制臺(tái)上鉆井參數(shù)的變化。
“Hello, Email.I am going to report you the present drilling status, as you have come.” “你好，Email。我正要向你報(bào)告目前的鉆井情況，你就來了?！?/p>
“I’ve noticed a little abnormity on the monitor.Does the table have a bouncing phenomena?” Email asked the Toolpusher.“我從監(jiān)視器上也注意到了異常。轉(zhuǎn)盤有憋跳現(xiàn)象嗎？”Email問扶剎把的帶班隊(duì)長。
“A little, not very obvious,” said the Toolpusher hesitantly, “ I guess maybe some teeth worn out or bit balling”
“有一點(diǎn)，不很明顯。”帶班隊(duì)長遲疑道：“我估計(jì)鉆頭牙齒有磨損或泥包鉆頭。”
“George, have any report about lithologic change of cutting samples from mud logging.” “George, 錄井方面有沒有報(bào)告砂樣有巖性變化?！?/p>
“No change.Still sandstone.” “沒有，還是砂巖?！?/p>
“How many hours is the bit in the hole?” “這只鉆頭打了多久？”
“64 hours.” “64小時(shí)?！?/p>
“Well, half an hour later,” Email gave his order, “if the drilling speed is the same or bouncing pricks up.Pull out(POOH)and replace the bit.” “那好，再鉆半個(gè)小時(shí)，如果鉆速還是這樣或憋跳加劇，起鉆，更換鉆頭?！盓mail發(fā)出指令。
“Ok.Email, the depth is 193m now, we’d like to perform deviation survey ahead of time prior to pulling out, so as to check the deviation orientation of the drilled interval,” suggested George.50
第二篇：石油工程英語現(xiàn)場會(huì)話
石油工程英語現(xiàn)場會(huì)話
內(nèi)容提要
隨著國內(nèi)、外鉆井市場的不斷拓展，國外鉆井和國內(nèi)反承包鉆井服務(wù)對(duì)既懂專業(yè)技術(shù)又會(huì)專業(yè)英語的工程技術(shù)人員和技術(shù)工人的需求不斷增加，而目前我國石油工程技術(shù)人員專業(yè)英語的對(duì)話能力存在不足，在實(shí)施鉆井作業(yè)過程中常常由于語言障礙，使得甲、乙雙方工程技術(shù)人員；技術(shù)工人和當(dāng)?shù)毓凸こ霈F(xiàn)交流困難，導(dǎo)致作業(yè)施工不暢，雙方合作難盡人意。鑒于上述原因，本書作者借助在國外鉆井隊(duì)、項(xiàng)目組從事多年現(xiàn)場翻譯的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，特別是同甲方現(xiàn)場監(jiān)督和當(dāng)?shù)毓凸さ膮f(xié)同工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，精心編寫了以鉆井作業(yè)現(xiàn)場為背景的石油工程英語情景會(huì)話。本書約40萬字，分9個(gè)場景分別對(duì)鉆井作業(yè)的施工過程進(jìn)行全方位的描述，包括基礎(chǔ)英語、鉆前工程、井間搬遷、甲方HSE官員和監(jiān)督的開鉆驗(yàn)收、鉆井施工作業(yè)、固井施工作業(yè)、完井施工作業(yè)、錄井施工作業(yè)、井控作業(yè)（理論）等情景會(huì)話（90%為對(duì)話），具有很強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性及實(shí)用性，對(duì)已在國外工作的、即將赴國外工作的或在國內(nèi)反承包鉆井作業(yè)中的工程技術(shù)人員和技術(shù)工人均有幫助。通過對(duì)本書的學(xué)習(xí)，掌握書中對(duì)話，能夠較好地、很快地適應(yīng)現(xiàn)場作業(yè)工作。
本書對(duì)石油院校的在校生也大有幫助，通過學(xué)習(xí)、了解書中對(duì)石油工程生產(chǎn)過程的描述，可以全面地、系統(tǒng)地了解石油工程的日常工作流程，從而獲得石油、天然氣生產(chǎn)工藝流程中鉆井施工作業(yè)全過程和整體概念，為畢業(yè)后盡快溶入生產(chǎn)第一線打下牢固的基礎(chǔ)。
Petroleum Engineering English At Well-site CONTENTS I.Meeting at First Time & Greeting……………..1初次見面及問候
II.Inspection of Site Construction………………..16
鉆前工程
III.Rig Move And Equipment Installation…………..2鉆井搬遷及設(shè)備安裝
IV.Equipment(Spudding)Inspection………………32
設(shè)備（開鉆）驗(yàn)收
V.Drilling Operation…………………………………51
鉆井作業(yè)
VI.Cement Job………………………………………10
3固井作業(yè)
VII.Completion Job…………………………………..121
完井作業(yè)
VIII.Mud Logging Operation…………………………136
錄井作業(yè)
IX.Well Control & Drill Procedures………………..189
井控措施及防噴演習(xí)程序
X.Reading Material—Drilling Program…………..286
閱讀材料—鉆井作業(yè)程序
Chapter I.Meeting at First Time & Greeting 初次見面及問候
Wang Xiao-yu just graduated from the South-west Petroleum Institute, and was assigned to be the practice technician of No.17 Great Wall Drilling Crew.王小雨剛從西南石油學(xué)院畢業(yè)，分配到長城17鉆井隊(duì)當(dāng)實(shí)習(xí)技術(shù)員。
It was the first day that he reported to GW17 today.今天是他到長城17隊(duì)報(bào)到的第一天。
He met Mr.Chen Ming, the driller who came from the rig floor, at the well-site.在井場,他遇到了從鉆臺(tái)走下來的司鉆陳明。
He went to him and asked: “Excuse me, Sir.My name’s Wang Xiao-yu, a new practice technician of this Crew.”
于是他走了過去，詢問道：“你好！我是剛分來的實(shí)習(xí)技術(shù)員，我叫王小雨?！?/p>
“How do you do？ Welcome to our Crew.My name’s Chen Ming, the driller of No.3 Shift.May I help you?”
“你好！歡迎到隊(duì)上來。我是三班司鉆陳明。要幫忙嗎？ “Can you tell me where I can find the Rig Manager?” “告訴我哪里能找到平臺(tái)經(jīng)理？”
“Maybe he is in the Rig Manager Office, I think.Let me lead you there.” “我想他可能在平臺(tái)經(jīng)理辦公室里。我領(lǐng)你去吧！”“Thank you.”“謝謝?！?The driller fervidly gave him a hand to carry his luggages to the office.司鉆陳明熱情地拎著王小雨的行李，領(lǐng)著他走向平臺(tái)經(jīng)理辦公室。
In the office, the Rig Manager, Mr.Peng Yuan-chun, was discussing the Operation Program to run 9 5/8” casing with his drilling engineer and Toolpushers.辦公室里，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理正在同鉆井工程師、帶班隊(duì)長商量下9 5/8”套管事項(xiàng)。
The driller knocked at the door, shouting: “Manager, the new practice technician is coming?” 陳明敲門，道：“彭經(jīng)理，隊(duì)上分來的實(shí)習(xí)技術(shù)員到了！”“Come in, please.”“請(qǐng)進(jìn)，”
“Welcome to our Crew!” The Rig Manager met Wang Xiao-yu, who was a little nerval at the door, offering his hands and saying friendly: “My name’s Pen Yuan-chun, everyone calls me ‘A Chun’ or ‘George’.”
“歡迎到隊(duì)上來！”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理熱情道,向在門邊有點(diǎn)緊張的王小雨伸出雙手：“我叫彭遠(yuǎn)春，大家都叫我‘阿春’或‘George’！” “How do you do!My name’s Wang Xiao-yu, the new practice technician of your Crew.” “你好！我叫王小雨，你隊(duì)的實(shí)習(xí)技術(shù)員，請(qǐng)多關(guān)照。
“Wang, let me introduce them to you.” “小王，我給你介紹介紹?！?“Thank you.”“謝謝！”
“This is Mr.Zhou Hua, the drilling engineer of our Crew.” “這位是我隊(duì)的鉆井工程師，周華?！?/p>
“How do you do!”
“你好！”“Hi!Welcome to join us.”“你好！歡迎你加入我們的行列！” “The two guys are Toolpushers, Lao Yang and Lao Zhang.” “這兩位是帶班隊(duì)長，老楊,老張?！?/p>
“How do you do!”“你們好！”“Hello.Welcome.”“歡迎！”
After greeting, Wang Xiao-yu asked the Rig Manager urgently: “Manager, what shall I do now?” 寒暄之后，王小雨迫不及待地向平臺(tái)經(jīng)理道：“彭經(jīng)理，現(xiàn)在我該干什么？”
“Don’t worry, there are a lot of jobs for you to do in future.Now, Mr.Zhou will lead you to your caravan for a rest.He’ll be your master and he is in charge of arranging your work later.” “別著急，以后有你工作干的?，F(xiàn)在由周工領(lǐng)你去宿舍，他將是你的師傅，今后的工作由他安排?！?On the way to the caravan, Wang Xiao-yu said to Zhou in fear and trembling: “Mr.Zhou, I just came here and haven’t any drilling experiences, I am afraid…”
在去宿舍的路上，王小雨忐忑地對(duì)周工說：“周工，我剛到井隊(duì)，沒任何鉆井經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我心里沒底??？”
“Don’t worry, young fellow.After completing a well, everything you’ll obtain.” “小伙子，別擔(dān)心。當(dāng)你打完一口井后什么底你都有了?！?“Really?” “是嗎？”
“Yeah.I remembered when I came to the Drilling Crew for the first time, I had the same feelings as yours, full of anxieties.”
“當(dāng)然。記得我剛到井隊(duì)時(shí)，跟你心情一樣，充滿了焦慮和忐忑?！?“So, how many years have you been in the Drilling Crew?”
“劉工，你在井隊(duì)干了幾年了？” “Ten years.”
“10年了?！?/p>
“How many years to be a drilling engineer?” “當(dāng)了幾年工程師？” “Five years.” “5年。”
“And how many wells have you completed?” “打了多少口井？” “Let me think.Eight, at least.” “我想一想，至少有8口吧！”
“Including this one?”“包括這一口井嗎？”“No.”“不包括這口井?！?/p>
“Oh!You must have accumulated rich drilling experiences.I’d learn from you more.” “??！那你肯定積累了豐富的鉆井經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我得多向你學(xué)著點(diǎn)?！?“Learn from each other.” “互相學(xué)習(xí)吧！”
How are about the depth in this region?” “這地區(qū)打的井深不深？”
“Normally are deep wells.The TD(total depth)is usually over 4500m.The design depth of this well is 5015m.”
“一般都是深井。井深都在4500米以上。這口井的設(shè)計(jì)井深是5015米?！?“So deep.When was it spud in?” “這么深呀。什么時(shí)候開的鉆？”
“March 18, 2002.Now the depth is 2985m.We are preparing for running 9 5/8” casing.” “2002年3月18日?，F(xiàn)在的井深是2985米，正準(zhǔn)備下9 5/8”套管?！?“When will it be completed, you estimate?” “預(yù)計(jì)什么時(shí)候完鉆？”
“In four months, I estimate, according to the present progress, if everything is normal.” “如果正常的話，按目前進(jìn)度，估計(jì)4個(gè)月后完井?！?“ROP(rate of penetration)is high?” “這口井的機(jī)械鉆速（鉆速）高嗎？”
“Just so-so, 1.2m per hour in average.Maybe you don’t know how difficult to drill in this
area.The geological conditions are very complex.It has the features of high pressure, high H2S, high dip angle, more faults, loss circulation formations and poor drillability.”
“還行，平均1.2米/小時(shí)。你不知道在這地區(qū)鉆井有多難，其地質(zhì)情況十分復(fù)雜，具有高壓、高含硫、高傾角、斷層、漏層多、可鉆性差的特點(diǎn)?！?They arrived at Mr.Wang Xiao-yu’s caravan during their conversation.交談中，他們到了分配給王小雨的臥室前。
“Here we are.Xiao Wang, take a good rest first.See you at the rig-site tomorrow.Good-bye.” “到了，小王，你先休息，我們明天井場上見。再見！” “Bye-bye.”
明天井場上見。再見！”
When the first sun rayed in the next morning, Wang Xiao-yu, who was excited a whole night, got up very early, putting on his new working uniforms and going to the rig-site.He wanted himself to be familiar with the working circumstances as soon as possible.天剛放亮，激動(dòng)一宿的王小雨早早起床，穿上嶄新的工裝來到井場。他想盡快地熟悉新的工作環(huán)境。
He climbed up the rig floor first.首先，他登上鉆臺(tái)。
“Good morning, Mr.Chen?” he greeted the driller who was holding the brake handle.“早上好，陳明？”他向扶剎把的司鉆問候道?！癕orning, Wang.You got up so early!” “早上好，王技術(shù)員。你起得真早?！?/p>
“I’d like to have a look first,” said he, smiling, “How about the well condition?” “我想先看看?！彼Φ?；“井況如何？” “Normal Drilling.”“正常鉆進(jìn)?！?“The depth now?”
“2993 meters.”
“現(xiàn)在的井深是多少？”
“2993米?！?/p>
“The level(horizon)now?”“現(xiàn)在的鉆進(jìn)層位？” “Jialingjiang.”“嘉陵江”
“Tell me the present drilling parameters, OK?” “告訴我目前的鉆井參數(shù),好嗎？” “No problem.” “好的?！?/p>
“We are using 8 1/2” bit to drill now,” said the driller as he watched the gauges on the driller’s control console: “Rotary speed, 63rpm;Pump pressure, 17.5 to 18.5Mpa;WOB(Weight on bit), 14 tons;Torque, 5000ft.lb;Displacement, 364gpm;(NO.1);Pump stroke, 60 to 70spm.”
“現(xiàn)在使用8 1/2”鉆頭鉆進(jìn)，”司鉆邊說邊看著司控臺(tái)上的儀表，道：“轉(zhuǎn)速63rpm，泵壓17.5-18.5Mpa，鉆壓14噸，扭矩5000ft.lb，排量23l/s，泵沖（1號(hào)泵）60-70spm。” “Why drilling with single pump?” “為何只用單泵鉆進(jìn)?”
“Small size hole(slim hole), single pump can completely satisfy the needs of drilling.” “小井眼,單泵就能滿足鉆井需要”
“In which condition, two pumps are to be used?” “什么情況下使用雙泵呢？” “To drill big size hole.” “大尺寸井眼就需要雙泵。” “Oh, I see.”
“哦，我明白了。”
At this moment, the machinist stepped on the floor.Chen Ming introduced Wang Xiao-yu to him.They two greeted each other.這時(shí)，機(jī)械大班走上鉆臺(tái)，陳明把王小雨介紹給他。他們相互問候?！癕r.Hu, how about the rated drawworks horsepower of ZJ70D rig?” “胡大班，ZJ70D鉆機(jī)的絞車額定功率是多少？” “2000 horsepower.”
“2000馬力?！?“Drilling Capacity?”
“鉆深能力呢？”
“If drilling with 4 1/2” drill pipe, 7000m.If with 5” drill pipe, 6000m at least.” “用4 1/2”鉆桿能鉆7000米井深。用5”鉆桿能鉆6000米井深。”
“Oh, 6000 meters with 5” drill pipe.” Wang exclaimed in surprise, then he continued, “So the open diameter of the rotary table must be 37 1/2”?”
“哇，5”鉆桿可以鉆6000米?！蓖跣∮臧l(fā)出一聲驚嘆，繼續(xù)道：“轉(zhuǎn)盤的開口直徑是37 1/2”的嗎？”
“You’re right.The model is ZP-37.5.”” “是的，型號(hào)是ZP-37.5”。” “How many gears of the rotary table?” “轉(zhuǎn)盤有幾個(gè)擋？”
“No gears.The electric rig has no gears.It’s a stepless speed regulation.” “沒有擋。電動(dòng)鉆機(jī)是無極調(diào)速的。”
“But I heard that the rig has four forward and two reverse gears before.”
“可我以前聽說鉆機(jī)有四個(gè)正擋兩個(gè)倒擋呀?！?“Really? That means the mechanical rig.” “是嗎？四正兩倒是指機(jī)械鉆機(jī)?！?/p>
“Oh, I see.” Wang nodded, asking:“How about the height? I mean the derrick and the substructure.”
“哦，明白了。” 王小雨點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，問道“井架和底座高度？”
“The derrick is 43.5 meters in height and the substructure is 9 meters high.” “井架43.5米，底座9米?！?/p>
“ How about the setback capacity?” Wang asked curiously.“能排多少柱鉆鋌、鉆桿？” 王小雨好奇地問。“220 stands of drill collar and drill pipe.” “220柱的鉆鋌、鉆桿”
“Wind load capacity?” “井架的風(fēng)載能力？”
“With drill string, 120km per hour.” “帶鉆具，132公里/小時(shí)?！?/p>
“Mr.Hu, you know I am a new guy.Show me around, Ok?” “胡大班，我是新人，帶我各處走走，好嗎？” “It’s my pleasure.”“那可是給我賞臉了。”
They came to the pump house, Mr.Hu pointed to the mud pumps, introducing: “These two 3NB-1600 triplex single-action pumps were manufactured by Baoji Petroleum Mechanical Works.”
他們來到泵房，胡大班指著泥漿泵，介紹道：“這兩臺(tái)泵是寶雞產(chǎn)3NB-1600三缸單作用泥漿泵。” “Which size of the liner is available?” “適用哪種缸套？”
“150、160、170，180、190mm all are available.We normally use two sizes, 170mm and 180mm liner.”
“150、160、170，180、190mm幾種尺寸的缸套。我們常用170、180mm兩種尺寸?！?“Usually, who is in charge of the two pumps in the Crew.” “隊(duì)上一般由誰負(fù)責(zé)管理泥漿泵？”
“The assistant driller of each Shift.” “每班的副司鉆?！?/p>
“Does he only do this on tour?” “副司鉆上班就管泵嗎？?！?/p>
“Oh, no.With the exception of having a special responsibility for mud pumps, he is also in charge of maintenances of the wellhead, the circulation & solid control system.”
“哦，不。副司鉆除了專門負(fù)責(zé)泥漿泵以外，還要負(fù)責(zé)井口，循環(huán)、固控系統(tǒng)的維護(hù)保養(yǎng)?！?“Any more?” “還有嗎？”
“Sometimes, he also operates the handle and manages the roughnecks instead of the driller.” 有時(shí)還要替司鉆扶鉆，管理班上鉆工。”
“What does a roughneck do as usual, do you know?” “知道鉆工一般干些什么？”
“As I know, a roughneck does a lot of jobs，such as: operating the cathead, tongs, elevators, setting slips, makeup and breakout during a trip, unloading materials and supplies, cleaning equipment and maintenance, etc.”
“據(jù)我所知，鉆工干的活挺多的，比如拉貓頭，提卡瓦，打吊鉗，上扣，卸扣，搞起、下鉆，裝卸材料，清潔、保養(yǎng)設(shè)備等?！薄癝o, the derrickman?”“那井架工呢？” “He mainly operates on the Monkey-board.During the normal drilling operation, he’ll give a hand to the assistant driller.”
“主要負(fù)責(zé)二層臺(tái)的作業(yè)。正常鉆進(jìn)時(shí)，協(xié)助副司鉆工作?！?/p>
In generator house, several CAT3512 diesel-generator sets, which were manufactured in USA, were roaring.機(jī)房里，幾臺(tái)美國產(chǎn)CAT3512柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組發(fā)出巨大轟鳴聲。
Wang asked the motorman beside the generator loudly: “How many horsepower of one CAT3512?”王小雨大聲問發(fā)電機(jī)旁柴油司機(jī)：“多大的馬力？” “What?” the man hesitated, shaking his head and pointing to his ears.“什么？”柴油司機(jī)搖搖頭，指了指耳朵，疑惑道?！癏orsepower?” Wang repeated loudly.“多大的馬力？” 王小雨指著發(fā)電機(jī)，又大聲問。1500hp.”
“Tell me the oil temperature, oil pressure and rotation speed at present?” “現(xiàn)在的油溫、油壓、轉(zhuǎn)速是多少？”
“Temperature, 800C;oil pressure, 0.8Mpa;rotation speed, 1200rpm(1200 rounds per minute).”“溫度800C，油壓0.8Mpa，轉(zhuǎn)速1200r/m?！?/p>
“What do you usually do during the normal drilling?” “正常打鉆時(shí)你們一般干些什么？”
“Check, maintain and clean the diesel-engine generator sets, compressor, oil and water supply equipment, etc.and keep them in work condition.”
“檢查、維保和清潔柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組、壓縮機(jī)、供水供油設(shè)備，保證其良好的工作狀況。” “I found only 2 CATs were running.Something is wrong with the other two?” “我發(fā)現(xiàn)只有兩臺(tái)機(jī)子在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，另外那兩臺(tái)壞了嗎？”
“Oh, no.“ the motorman smiled, saying, “2 CATs can provide enough power for the rig.The other ones are used as back-up.”
“沒有，”柴油司機(jī)笑了笑，說：“兩臺(tái)發(fā)電機(jī)組就可以給鉆機(jī)提供足夠的動(dòng)力了。另兩臺(tái)留作備用?！?“Sorry, I don’t know.” Wang’s face went red immediately;he felt a little ashamed for his innocence.“And thank you for telling me.”
“對(duì)不起，我不知道！” 王小雨瞬時(shí)臉色緋紅，為自己的無知感到有點(diǎn)害臊，“謝謝你告訴我這些。” “You’re welcome.”
“不用謝。”
Leaving the generator house, it was easier to talk away from the noise.走出機(jī)房，噪音小了，交談起來容易多了。
As soon as they stepped on the circulation sytem nearby, Wang Xiao-yu questioned the mechanist again.“Mr.Hu, how many mud tanks in circulating system, and the total capacities?” 一登上毗鄰的循環(huán)系統(tǒng)，王小雨又問道： “胡大班，循環(huán)系統(tǒng)有幾個(gè)泥漿罐，總?cè)莘e是多少？”
“5 circulating tanks, 4 reserve tanks and 1 trip tank.The total capacity is 425 m2.” “5個(gè)循環(huán)罐，四個(gè)儲(chǔ)備灌和一個(gè)尖底罐，總?cè)莘e425m3?！?“What type of the shale shaker?” “振動(dòng)篩是什么類型的？”
“Derrick linearity shale shaker manufactured in the USA.” “美國產(chǎn)Derrick線性振動(dòng)篩？”
“What’s the mesh of the screen cloth in use?”“現(xiàn)在用的多少目的篩布。” “180 mesh.”“180目?！?/p>
Wang Xiao-yu was curious about everything at the rig-site, and wanted to ask whatever he saw.He longed for knowing everything, so that he could get himself into the drilling operation as soon as possible.王小雨對(duì)井場的一切都感到好奇，什么都想問，他渴望解這一切以便盡快地投入到鉆井作業(yè)中去。
While he was thinking about his work, Zhou Hua, the drilling engineer, came to him, saying: “There you are, Xiao Wang!we are waiting for you to attend the safety meeting now.”
就在他興趣正濃的時(shí)候，鉆井工程師周華來了，對(duì)他說道：“小王別再問了，大家現(xiàn)在正等你開班前會(huì)呢?！?“Sorry.I don’t know about the safety meeting before my tour,” Xiao Wang was embarrassed again for not listening.“對(duì)不起，我不知道要開班前會(huì)。”小王為自己再次感到局促不安。“Oh, it’s my fault, I forgot to tell you yesterday,” Zhou regretted, “昨天忘了告訴你，這不怪你，”周工抱歉道?！癢hen is the safety meeting usually held?” “一般什么時(shí)候開班前會(huì)？” “Before each Shift exchange.” “每次交班前。”
On the way to the meeting room, Zhou Hua explained Wang about the safety meeting.在去會(huì)議室的路上，周華向王小雨講了有關(guān)班前會(huì)的事。
“The employees perform a post check half an hour before a tour at the site ahead of each Shift exchange.Then they attend a safety meeting conducted by the Rig Manager.The manager issues the day’s drilling program at the meeting.After that the drilling engineer, toolpusher, machinist, electrician or the driller will emphasize the important matters about safety around the rig equipment during drilling operation..”
“每次換班，工人提前半小時(shí)進(jìn)場，進(jìn)行交接班崗位檢查。然后，開班前會(huì)，由平臺(tái)經(jīng)理傳達(dá)當(dāng)天的作業(yè)指令，分配要干的工作。鉆井工程師、帶班隊(duì)長、機(jī)械技師、電器技師或司鉆強(qiáng)調(diào)有關(guān)安全和設(shè)備的注意事項(xiàng)?！?“I see.”“明白了。”
“By the way, tell you a(piece of)good news.” “小王，順便告訴你一個(gè)好消息?！?“Good news, what good news?” “好消息,什么好消息？”
“Our Crew will go abroad to perform drilling service.”
“我們隊(duì)馬上要出國打井了?！?/p>
“Really? Which country?” Wand excitedly.“真的嗎？哪個(gè)國家？” 小王激動(dòng)了。
“Iran,” Zhou said, “Details, the Rig Manager will announce in the meeting.” “伊朗?！敝芄さ?，“詳情，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理會(huì)在會(huì)上宣布。”
“Really? That’s wonderful.” Wang cheered up, “I am the luckiest guy in the world.” “噢，太妙了?！?小王歡呼著跳了起來，“我是世界上最幸運(yùn)的人?！?“You are, indeed.” “確實(shí)是。Vocabulary practice technician 實(shí)習(xí)技術(shù)員
small size hole(slim hole)小井眼 drilling crew 鉆井隊(duì)
big size hole 大尺寸井眼 drill floor,rig floor,floor 鉆臺(tái)
drawworks 絞車
drawworks horsepower 絞車功率
drawworks sensor 絞車(上的進(jìn)尺)傳感器 well-site, rig-site 井場
drilling capacity 鉆深能力 rig manager平臺(tái)經(jīng)理
DC(drill collar)鉆鋌 drilling engineer 鉆井工程師
DP(drill pipe)鉆桿
assistant engineer 助理工程師
knock at an open door 多此一舉 toolpusher 帶班隊(duì)長
rotary table 轉(zhuǎn)盤 driller 司鉆
open diameter 開口直徑 assistant driller 副司鉆
gear, shift gear 擋位,排擋 derrickman, monkeyman 井架工
setback capacity 排管能力 roughneck, floorman 鉆工
single-action 單作用 roustabout 場地工
liner 缸套 motor fireman 司機(jī)
wellhead 井口
motorman 司助
circulation & solid system 循環(huán)固控系統(tǒng) machinist 機(jī)械師,機(jī)工,機(jī)械大班
forward gear 正擋 electrician 電器師,電工,電器大班
reverse gear 倒擋 operation program 作業(yè)程序(指令)
cathead 貓頭 caravan 營房，大篷車
tong 大鉗 drilling experience 鉆井經(jīng)驗(yàn)
elevator 吊卡
well depth 井深
slip 卡瓦
slip area 卡瓦卡緊面
slip back-up 卡瓦支撐(套)slip bowl 卡瓦座,卡盤
slip bushing 卡瓦補(bǔ)心 slip dog 卡瓦牙塊, 卡瓦牙板
slip-elevator 卡瓦式吊卡 slip grip 卡瓦打撈爪, 卡瓦夾持器
slip groove 卡瓦槽
slipper joint pliers鯉魚鉗
slip load 卡瓦負(fù)載[卡瓦懸吊的鉆柱重量] slip insert 卡瓦牙
slip joint 套筒連接,伸縮連接,滑動(dòng)接頭 slip-off(焊點(diǎn))脫開
slip-on flange 松套法蘭;滑套凸緣
stepless gear 無級(jí)變速傳動(dòng)
stepless speed change device無級(jí)變速裝置
stepless speed change 有[無]級(jí)變速
stepless speed regulating 無級(jí)調(diào)速
stepless speed regulation無級(jí)調(diào)速
level [horizon] 層位,層段 design depth 設(shè)計(jì)井深
makeup 上扣 spud in 開鉆
breakout 卸扣 ROP(rate of penetration),drilling speed penetration rate 鉆速
trip 起下鉆
wind load 風(fēng)載荷 wind load capacity(井架的)風(fēng)載能力
wind load rating 額定風(fēng)載(荷)geological condition 地質(zhì)情況(條件)
diesel-engine 柴油機(jī)
high pressure 高壓
diesel-generator set柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組 high H2S 高含硫
horsepower 馬力 high dip angle 高傾角
oil temperature 油溫 fault 斷層
oil pressure 油壓 loss circulation 井漏，循環(huán)漏失
rotary(rotation)speed 轉(zhuǎn)速 drillability 可鉆性
compressor 壓縮機(jī) working uniform 工作服
oil supply 供油 brake handle, brake bar 剎把
water supply 供水
well condition 井況
circulating tank, circulation tank 循環(huán)罐 normal drilling 正常鉆井
reserve tank 儲(chǔ)備罐 parameter 參數(shù)
trip tank 補(bǔ)給罐，尖底罐 rotary speed 轉(zhuǎn)盤轉(zhuǎn)速
shale shaker 振動(dòng)篩 pump pressure 泵壓
linearity 線性
WOB(weight on bit)鉆壓
mesh 目,網(wǎng)孔;嚙合,編織 torque 扭矩
screen cloth 篩布 displacement 排量
safety meeting 班前會(huì) pump stroke 泵沖
shift exchange 交班 mud pump 泥漿泵
drilling service 鉆井服務(wù) master 師傅,主人;征服,控制,精通
in charge of 負(fù)全責(zé),經(jīng)營,照顧 arrange 安排,排列,協(xié)商
assign 分配,指派
obtain 獲得,得到
remember 記得;回憶起,紀(jì)念 according to 根據(jù),依照
prepare for 準(zhǔn)備,使有準(zhǔn)備 normal 正常的,正規(guī)的,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的just so-so 馬馬乎乎 introduce 介紹,傳入,引進(jìn),提出
satisfy 滿足,使?jié)M意,說明 Chapter II Inspection of Site Construction 鉆前工程驗(yàn)收
The Rig Manager Office at the well-site.The Rig Manager, George, was reading a completion report.Suddenly，the telephone rang, he picked it up.井場，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理辦公室。平臺(tái)經(jīng)理彭遠(yuǎn)春（George）正在閱讀一份完井報(bào)告，電話鈴?fù)蝗豁懥耍崞鹆穗娫挕?/p>
“Hello.This is Email speaking.I’d like to talk with George.“你好！我是監(jiān)督Email，我要同George講話！” “Hi, Email.How nice to hear you!What’s the matter?” “你好，Email, 聽到你的聲音真高興！什么事？”
“I just got the information from the Site Construction Company, the new location TBK-3 is ready.”
“我剛從鉆前公司得到消息，新井場TBK-3出來了?！?“Really?That’s terrific.” “是嗎？太好了！”
“Bring some guys to go there with me for inspection, OK?” “能帶幾個(gè)人同我一道去看看嗎？”
“Ok.In five minutes, the drilling engineer, toolpushers, drillers, machinist and I will leave to meet you at the well-site.”
“行，5分鐘后，我?guī)е业拇嚓?duì)長、司鉆、機(jī)械技師與你在井場匯合?！?/p>
One hour later, they arrived at the new location, called TBK-3, in two Petrols.一小時(shí)后，他們分乘兩輛Petrol來到了新井場TBK-3。
At the new location, the workers were performing a final leveling off with earthmovers and road rollers.In the waste pit, the grab was digging and widening it out.新井場上，土建工人們正用推土機(jī)、壓路機(jī)對(duì)前場作最后的平整工作，挖掘機(jī)還在對(duì)廢水池加寬、加深。
As soon as George and his fellows got off the Petrol, Email came and asked: “George, do you find some places where the slope is too steep and the radius of turn is too short on the road to the new location? I’m afraid that the trailer loaded with SCR won’t be able to maneuver the road as it is now.”
George和他的伙伴們剛下車，監(jiān)督Email走來問道：“George, 有沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)通往井場的公路有的地方坡太陡，轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑太小，搬家時(shí)恐怕拉SCR的大拖車無法通過？”
“You’re right, sir.” George agreed.“If it rains, I’m afraid that it will even be dangerous for the trucks.”
“是的?！?George 贊同道： “如果是下雨天，恐怕連拉設(shè)備的大車通過也很危險(xiǎn)?！?“How many places need to be modified, you think?” “你覺得有幾處地方整改？”
“There are two places where the grade needs to be lessened and the one turn should be opened more.I also found that the two kilometer water supply line hasn’t been connected to the location.”
“有兩處地方需要降坡度，一處彎道需加寬。另外，供水管線也差兩公里才接到井場?！?/p>
“Well, George.Now, send your guys to inspect the new location referring to the Site Construction Drawing, checking where it needs to be modified and perfected.After that, we work out a report together to submit to the Site Construction Company, ordering them to complete the modification in a limit time, so that we can carry out the final inspection.”
“好吧，George?，F(xiàn)在安排你的人帶上井場施工圖按圖全面檢查井場，看看哪些地方需要整改和完善，然后我們共同作份報(bào)告提交鉆前公司。限期他們整改完成，我們作最后的驗(yàn)收?！?According to the Supervisor’s order, George sent his guys respectively to check the front site, the rear site, the cellar, the base of the substructure, the mud pump and the solid system, the waste pit, and the drainages, etc.George根據(jù)甲方監(jiān)督要求安排他的人員分別對(duì)井場的前場、后場、方井、底座基礎(chǔ)、泥漿泵基礎(chǔ)、固控系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)、廢水池、排污溝等進(jìn)行檢查。
George and Email stood in the middle of the site, discussing how to arrange and collocate the rig equipment in the new location.George和Email就這口井的井場布置、設(shè)備擺放展開了討論。
“Email, have any suggestions about the collocation of the equipment?” “Email, 對(duì)這口井的設(shè)備擺放有何建議？”
“I think we’d better move the Air Drilling Package from the rear site to the front site this time.It’s easier for installation and dismantling.”
“我想這次最好將空氣鉆井設(shè)備從后場擺在前場，便于空鉆設(shè)備的安裝和拆遷?！?“So, the drill pipe boxes, material houses, tool house, machining house and casing tool house will be put on the left side of the front site, in their old location?”
“鉆干盒、材料房、工具房、加工房、套管工具房還是照老樣子擺放在前場嗎？” “Only a small change.Put drill pipe boxes, the casing tool house on the front site, the rest on the rear site.The house used for the Top Drive engineer on duty should be put on the front site.” “有點(diǎn)小改變，鉆桿盒、套管工具房放前場。這次要把頂驅(qū)值班工程師的值班房放前場?！?/p>
“You know, last well, the Top Drive brought us a lot of troubles.This time, if something’s wrong with it during drilling operation, I can be in touch with the Top Drive engineers in time.”
“大家都知道上口井頂驅(qū)可給我們找了不少麻煩。這次如果在鉆井作業(yè)中，一旦頂驅(qū)出現(xiàn)故障，便于我及時(shí)同他們的聯(lián)絡(luò)?！?“No problem.So, about the site caravans, have any changes?” “沒問題。那么，井場人員住房有變動(dòng)嗎？”
“Yeah, put your office and mine together for easy communication.The radio room and the clinic should be in your neighbors this time.I think it is more convenient for you to report to your Project Department.”
“這次你的辦公室要與我的在一起，便于交流。通訊室和醫(yī)務(wù)室緊靠你的辦公室，便于你隨時(shí)向你的項(xiàng)目部匯報(bào)?！?“I see.You are scared that the shouting from the radio room will bother you, right?” “我明白了。你怕通訊室的匯報(bào)聲打攪你，對(duì)嗎？”
“You’re smart.Tell you the truth, I can’t bear the Toolpusher’s shouting at 6:30 every morning any more, ‘Qidi, qidi’.” Email copied the Chinese pronunciation incorrectly, causing George to laugh loudly.“真聰明。我確實(shí)受不了每天早上 6: 30 帶班隊(duì)長的吼叫聲，‘基地基地’”。Email模仿中國人發(fā)音的漢語，引起George一陣大笑。
Just then, the fellows who had finished inspecting the new location returned and reported to them.這時(shí)，看完井場的人員回到他們身邊進(jìn)行匯報(bào)。
“George, Email,” said the machinist, “we also need 3 parallel cement bases beside the solid system.Each should be 1m in width, 20m in length and 30cm in depth.The space between each
base should be 1.5m.”
機(jī)械技師道：“George、Email，在固控系統(tǒng)旁邊，我們還需要三條平行水泥基礎(chǔ)。每條基礎(chǔ)要 1 米寬、20 米長、30 公分厚。每條基礎(chǔ)的間距為1.5米”?！癢hat’s it for?” Email asked.Email問: “干什么用？” “As the base for three water tanks.” “作為三個(gè)高架水罐的基礎(chǔ)呀”。
“No the bases on the drawing?” asked Email, feeling a little strange.“施工圖上沒有這幾條基礎(chǔ)嗎？”Email問,覺得有點(diǎn)奇怪。
“However, they built the new site according to the 70D Rig Drawing provided by you?” “人家可是照你們提供的70D鉆機(jī)圖施工的呀！”
“Yeah, but the locations for the three water tanks turned out to be all clay, the groundsill is not steady.”“可擺放高架水罐地方全是泥土，地基不穩(wěn)?！?“Ok, I remember.Anything else need to be modified?” “好的，我記下了。另外還有什么地方需要整改？”
“I checked the cellar,” said the toolspusher, “finding the inlet of the drainage plugged seriously.It needs to be cleaned completely.The flat bottom of cellar should be sloped to the inlet for draining waste water easily, but the outlet is too close to the junk slot and it could be covered by the cuttings after the first spudding.”
“我檢查了方井，”帶班隊(duì)長道，“方井下面的排污口堵塞嚴(yán)重，需要徹底清理。方井底平面應(yīng)向排污口傾斜便于污水排放，而排出口距排砂槽太近，可能在一開后沙子就掩埋了出口?！?“There are some workers in the cellar.You did not tell them how to modify it, did you?” George asked.“方井里有些工人，難道沒告訴他們?cè)鯓诱膯?？”George 問道。
“Yes.I did.But I don’t know whether they understood or not.They are Iranian laborers.” “告訴他們了。不知道他們聽懂了沒有。他們都是伊朗民工?！?“Oh, I see.” “哦，明白了?！?/p>
Without saying any more, George knew that the ordinary Iranian laborers did not know English at all.George 不再問了。他知道普通伊朗勞工根本就不懂英語。
“Have any problems about the drainages around the solid control system? Need to be modified?” asked Email.“固控系統(tǒng)的排污溝有問題嗎？需不需要整改？”Email問。
“Perfect.” answered a driller.“沒問題?！币凰俱@回答道。
“Well, our present status is that 90% of the site construction has been completed.Tomorrow, your guys will form two parts.Some come here to prophase jobs for moving, such as clean the site and draw lines for equipment installation.The rest dismantle the derrick, substructure, drawworks, etc, and pack all the equipment.Everything should be ready for moving in three days.The entire move to the new location will be completed within 10 days.For details, you’ll get my written order in the evening.”
“那好，就目前的情況來看，整個(gè)鉆前工程已完成90%。George, 從明天開始，你的人將分為兩批，一部分人到新井場清理井場、劃線作鉆機(jī)搬遷的前期工作，剩下的倒放鉆機(jī)，設(shè)備打包作好搬遷準(zhǔn)備。整個(gè)搬遷工作我給你們10天時(shí)間。今晚你們會(huì)收到我的書面作業(yè)指令?！?“Yes, sir.” “是，頭兒。” Vocabulary completion report 完井報(bào)告
carry out 執(zhí)行,實(shí)施,完成,慣切 emphaisize 著重,強(qiáng)調(diào)
progress 前進(jìn),行進(jìn),進(jìn)展 in progress 在行進(jìn)中,在舉行
make progress 取得進(jìn)步 site construction 鉆前工程
supervisor 監(jiān)督 location 井場,井位
front site 前場 inspection 檢查,考察,驗(yàn)收
rear site 后場 earthmover 推土機(jī)
cellar 方井
road roller 壓路機(jī)
soild(control)system 固控系統(tǒng) grab 挖掘機(jī)
drainage 排泄;排水系統(tǒng),排水區(qū)域 drainage pump 排油泵,排水泵
drainage pipeline 排放(油、水)管線 drainage water 排出水，污水
drain away 流盡,排盡 drain hole 排泄孔,放出口
drain pressure 排泄壓力
drain pump 排空泵,排油泵,排水泵
drain sample 排放液體(油、水)試樣 drain valve 排泄閥,放出閥
drain time 排放時(shí)間
waste pit 污水池、廢水池
air drilling package 空鉆設(shè)備、空鉆包 slope 坡、坡度
dismantle 拆除、拆卸 steep 陡峭的、險(xiǎn)峻的drill pipe box 鉆桿盒 radiu of turn 轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑
casing tool house 套管工具房
turn 轉(zhuǎn)彎
Top Drive(Drilling System)頂(部)驅(qū)(動(dòng))鉆井系統(tǒng)
trailer 拖車、平板車
Project Department 項(xiàng)目部 water(supply)line(供)水管線
on duty 值班 refer to 參照,涉及,提到,查閱
radio room 通訊室 modify 整改、修改
clinic 醫(yī)務(wù)室
perfect 使完善,修改,使熟練
water tank 水罐、高架水罐 work out 設(shè)計(jì)出,作出,計(jì)算出
groundsill 地基、基礎(chǔ)橫木 submit 提交,遞交;（使）服從
inlet 進(jìn)口、入口 in a limit time 限時(shí)
outlet 出口、出路 waste water 廢水、污水
junk slot 排砂槽 Chapter III
Rig Move And Equipment Installation 鉆機(jī)搬遷及設(shè)備安裝
In the location of TBK-2, the derrick and substructure had been laid down;the drawworks had been disconnected and all the connecting cables, pipelines had been furled and put together.In accordance with the Rig Manager’s order, the personnel of each shift of Rig17 were packing the components of ZJ70D Electric Rig and making ready for loading and moving.TBK-2井場上。井架、底座已經(jīng)放倒，絞車已經(jīng)拆開，各種連接電纜、管線已經(jīng)收攏歸位。鉆17隊(duì)的各班人員按平臺(tái)經(jīng)理布置的任務(wù)，正在給拆散的ZJ70D鉆機(jī)部件打包，作好裝車準(zhǔn)備。
Suddenly, the Rig Manager went to the driller of No.3 Shift and asked: “Chen Ming, where’s the machinist?”
這時(shí)，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理向三班司鉆走過來，問道：“陳明，胡技師在哪里？”
“He was here a moment ago.Maybe he’s in the pump house to conduct how to pack now, I think.”
“剛才還在這里，現(xiàn)在恐怕到泵房指導(dǎo)打包去了?！?“Go and tell him the Supervisor wants to talk with him.” “去。告訴他，監(jiān)督Email有事要同他談?！?“Ok.” Chen Ming ran to the pump house immediately.“好的?！标惷髁⒓磁芟虮梅?。
Few minutes later, the machinist appeared in the Supervisor’s caravan.幾分鐘后，胡大班出現(xiàn)在監(jiān)督的房子里。
“Have a seat, Mr.Hu.” Email said: “Coffee or tea?” “請(qǐng)坐，胡大班?！盓mail 道：“喝茶還是咖啡？” “No.Thank you.” “不，謝謝?！?/p>
The machinist had a little nervous, he didn’t know why the Supervisor himself wanted to talk with him.胡大班有點(diǎn)緊張，他不知監(jiān)督有何要親自同他談。
“The headquarters just asked me to provide a schedule of the lorries for this moving operation, including the size, weight of each component.The Transport Company will dispatch trucks according to this information.You are the guy who answers for the equipment.About the rig, I think you know more than I do.”
“總部剛才通知我，要我提供這次搬家安裝需要的車次，每件設(shè)備的尺寸、重量。運(yùn)輸公司將根據(jù)這些信息安排車輛。你是主管設(shè)備的機(jī)械工程師，我想應(yīng)該比我更清楚這臺(tái)鉆機(jī)！” “Sure.” said Hu, feeling relieved, “According to your instruction, I’ll give you a detailed report as soon as possible.”
“是的，”胡大班釋然道：“根據(jù)你的指令，我會(huì)盡快提交一份詳細(xì)報(bào)告?！?“Ok, see you later.”“那好，一會(huì)兒見。”“See you later.”“一會(huì)兒見。”
Back at the rig-site, Hu began to list the rig equipment and estimated the size and weight of huge components, such as: the SCR house, the MCC house, the Mud Pumps, the Diesel Generator Sets, the front & rear part of the Drawworks, the Top Drive and the Air Drilling Packages, etc.After that, he worked out a Schedule Of Lorry Requirements for this moving operation and submitted it to the Supervisor.胡大班回到井場著手清點(diǎn)設(shè)備的件數(shù)、估算如SCR房、MCC房、泥漿泵、柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組、絞車前部及絞車后部、頂驅(qū)和空鉆設(shè)備等大件設(shè)備重量、尺寸。然后，根據(jù)手中掌握的資料制作了這次鉆機(jī)搬遷所需車輛一覽表，提交甲方監(jiān)督。
“Email, here you are.I’ve finished the task.” Hu handed the Schedule to him.“Email，你交代的任務(wù)完成了，這給你，”胡大班將一覽表交給他。
“Thank you.Did you include the kinds of truck we need and how many moving operations there will be?” Email asked as he read the schedule.“謝謝！含車型了嗎，這次搬遷要多少車次？”Email邊看邊問。
“200 trips in total.We’ll need two 40T cranes and two trailers for the large equipment.” “總共200車次。需要2臺(tái)40T吊車和兩輛60T拖車?yán)蠹O(shè)備?！?“Are there the size and weight in the Schedule?” “大件設(shè)備的尺寸、重量表里都有嗎？” “Very clearly.”“清清楚楚。”
“That’s great.I’ll get the exact answer from the Transport Company tomorrow.Thanks again.” “很好，明天我就會(huì)得到運(yùn)輸公司的確切答復(fù)。再次感謝?！?“You’re welcome.It’s my job.” “份內(nèi)之事，不客氣。”
At night, the Toolpushers, Machinist, Electrician, Drillers and Assistant Drillers got together in the Rig Manager Office, reporting to the Rig Manager on the daytime’s work of rig dismantling and packing.是夜，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理辦公室。帶班隊(duì)長、機(jī)械大班、電器大班、正、副司鉆正在向平臺(tái)經(jīng)理匯報(bào)今天鉆機(jī)的拆卸、包裝情況。
“Well done.” affirmed the Rig Manager, “But, Mr.Ran, do you think there might be something wrong with the modules of No.3, No.4 cubicle in the SCR house? Do you remember, we had some problems with them during the 5th spudding.I think you should take the opportunity of this move to check them.”
“干得不錯(cuò)。”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理肯定道：“不過，冉技，SCR房的3、4號(hào)柜的模塊在上口井打5開的時(shí)候，老是出現(xiàn)故障，趁這次搬遷檢查一下?！?“I did this afternoon.I disconnected them and found a foul-up had occurred on the circuit plate of No.3 module.I also found that the parameters of No.4 module appeared changed from the original ones.The parameters need to be revised.”
“今下午我已把3、4號(hào)柜的模塊拆下來進(jìn)行了檢查。3號(hào)柜模塊電路板出現(xiàn)紊亂，4號(hào)柜模塊的參數(shù)與原參數(shù)發(fā)生飄移，需要校正參數(shù)。” “When will that be done?” “何時(shí)搞定？”
“Tomorrow..I’ll replace a new circuit plate for No.3 module and revise the parameters on No.4 module,.”
“明天吧。3號(hào)柜模塊換新電路板，4號(hào)柜模塊校正參數(shù)?！?/p>
“Brake shoes on the drawworks are worn very seriously.They need to be changed for new ones.” George turned to the machinist and asked, “ Mr.Hu, have you arranged a man to do it?” “絞車剎車片磨損嚴(yán)重，要換新的。胡大班，安排人換了嗎？”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理向機(jī)械技師問道?！癝hift 2 has already done it.” “安排鉆2班換了?！?/p>
“Tomorrow, you’ll take the responsibility for packing the instruments on the Floor.Take special care.”
“明天，鉆臺(tái)上的儀器儀表包裝由你親自負(fù)責(zé)，需特別小心?！?/p>
“What I do, you can rest asssumed.” “我辦事，你放心?！?/p>
“We are moving soon.Here I emphasize again.Safety is our first priority.Never make the next step without considering all aspects of the safety of the operation.”
“馬上就要搬家了，我再次強(qiáng)調(diào)安全第一，千萬不要單求工作進(jìn)度，而忽視了安全?！?At this moment, there was a knock on the door, and the Drilling Supervisor entered.這時(shí)，鉆井監(jiān)督敲門進(jìn)來。
“Sorry to bother you.” Email said to the Rig Manager: “Here’s the Fax from the Transport Company, saying their moving trucks will arrive at the location on time, at 8:00 tomorrow morning.”
“對(duì)不起，打攪一下?！盓mail說道：“運(yùn)輸公司發(fā)來傳真，明天早上8:00搬遷車輛準(zhǔn)時(shí)進(jìn)場。” “How many trucks?” asked George.“他們派了多少臺(tái)車輛？”George問。
“Nine 15 ton trucks, four 20 ton trucks, two 60 ton trailers, one 40 ton crane and two 15 ton cranes.”
“9輛15噸卡車、4輛20噸卡車、2輛60噸拖車。1臺(tái)40噸吊車、2臺(tái)15噸吊車?！?“Email, one 40T crane is not enough for moving and installation of ZJ70D rig.It’ll influence the whole progress of moving.You know loading, unloading or installing the large equipment, like the drawworks and the mud pump need at least two 40T cranes to operate together.We requested two, not one.” Said George, very concerned.“Email，70D鉆機(jī)搬遷、安裝，1臺(tái)40噸吊車不夠，會(huì)影響整個(gè)搬遷進(jìn)度。你知道，像絞車、泥漿泵這些大件物品要用2臺(tái)40噸吊車裝卸和安裝。而且我們要求提供的是2臺(tái)40噸吊車,不是一臺(tái)?！盙eorge不悅道。“You have a 40T crane, don’t you?” asked Email.“你們自己不是有1臺(tái)40噸吊車嗎？”Email問。
“Yeah.But in order to ensure the completion our moving the entire rig within 10 days, we need to work at two locations at the same time.That means two 40T cranes will load at the old location.As the local crane drivers are not familiar with rig installation, our crane must be at the new location for unloading and installation.”
“是的，為了確保10天內(nèi)完成整臺(tái)鉆機(jī)的搬遷，我們需要在兩個(gè)井場同時(shí)作業(yè)，也就是2臺(tái)40噸吊車在老井場裝車。我們的吊車主要負(fù)責(zé)新井場的鉆機(jī)安裝，因?yàn)榈胤缴系牡踯囁緳C(jī)不熟悉安裝作業(yè)！” “Well, I’ll consult with the Transport Company soon and require them to send another one.” “那好，我同運(yùn)輸公司協(xié)商一下，要他們?cè)雠?臺(tái)40噸吊車?！?“I appreciate your help.”
“這樣最好?！?Email left in a hurry.Email匆匆離去。
“Brothers, everyone has heard the news.Tomorrow morning, 8:00 o’clock, we’ll begin to move.It is 30 kilometers from here to the new location.If it doesn’t rain in the following days, each truck can move 4 or 5 trips per day.It’ll take us at least 3 days to complete moving the rig.” “弟兄們，大家都聽到了，明天8:00正式搬遷。從這里到新井場的搬遷距離是30公里，如果以后幾天不下雨，每輛卡車每天可以跑4-5趟，最多3天就能完成設(shè)備搬遷?！?“If it rains, I’m afraid we may need 4 or 5 days.” the machinist added.“如果下雨，恐怕要4天或5天?！焙蟀嘌a(bǔ)充道。
“If things happen like that, it’ll be very difficult to complete the move and installation within 10 days.”
“要是這樣，要在10天內(nèi)完成搬家、安裝就難了。”
“I have a suggestion, but I don’t whether it works or not.” Hu hesitated.“我有個(gè)建議，不知行不行?！焙蟀嘣囍f?！癎o ahead.” George encouraged him.“說說看?！逼脚_(tái)經(jīng)理鼓勵(lì)道。
“During this move, we should only leave one Shift at the old location to do the loading.The rest of the Shifts should be sent to the new location to unload and install.Loading and moving equipment should be arranged so each piece arrives at the new site just before it is scheduled to be installed.In this way we can save on the total installation time.”
“這次搬遷只留一個(gè)班在老井場負(fù)責(zé)裝車，其余的人全部到新井場安裝。而且設(shè)備運(yùn)輸按現(xiàn)場安裝的實(shí)際需要裝車，這樣就可以節(jié)省整個(gè)安裝時(shí)間。” “Good idea.” George agreed with him: “So, you draft out a Schedule of Moving & Installing Progress to illustrate which equipment to be loaded on the first day, and which on the second day.”
“好主意?！逼脚_(tái)經(jīng)理肯定道；“那么就由你來編排安裝進(jìn)度表。第一天裝那些設(shè)備，第二天裝那些設(shè)備。” “Yes, sir.” “是，頭兒?！?/p>
“One thing I should remind you is that the offices, the radio room and the site caravans must be moved and put into their new location on the first day.”
“有一點(diǎn)我要提醒你，辦公室、通訊室和大班人員的井場住房在搬遷的第一天要在新井場就位?！?/p>
“I’ll take that into account.” “我會(huì)考慮進(jìn)去的。”
The machinist is a smart guy, but it was not until 23:30 that he finished drafting the Schedule and handed it to the Rig Manager.The schedule was as follows: 機(jī)械技師胡大班是個(gè)動(dòng)作麻利之人，23:30分左右，他把編好的搬遷進(jìn)度表交給平臺(tái)經(jīng)理。進(jìn)程安排如下：
The 1st Day:
Move and install derrick base with its slope braces and cross braces;move and install the drawworks base;the rig floor, floor sill, the rotary beam and rotary table.Move and put the site caravans into their positions.搬遷、安裝井架底座及橫拉筋、斜拉筋、絞車底座、鉆臺(tái)、底 梁、轉(zhuǎn)盤大梁及轉(zhuǎn)盤，井場人員住房到位；
The 2nd Day: Move and install the drawworks, the SCR house, the MCC house, the CAT3512 diesel generator sets.Move and put the camp caravans and the radio system into position.Move and install the Volvo diesel-generator so that it is ready to begin transmitting power.搬遷、安裝絞車，SCR房，MCC房，CAT3512柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組，營地住房搬遷到位，通訊設(shè)施安裝到位、Volvo發(fā)電機(jī)送電；
The 3rd Day:
Connect each section of mast into one on the site.Connect the standpipe and the rotary hose.Install the mud pumps and the solid control system.Connect drainage pipelines for the site and the campsite.連接井架、立管、水龍帶、安裝泥漿泵，循環(huán)系統(tǒng)；接井場、營地住房下水管線； The 4th Day: Commission the power and the transmission systems.Move and install the crownblock and the derrick ladders.Sink a metal stake to support the traveling block.Reeve the guide line for the drilling wireline and the drilling wireline.調(diào)試動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)、傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)，安裝天車、井架梯子、擺放游車墩子及游車，穿引繩、穿鋼絲繩； The 5th Day:
Raise the derrick.Move and install the extension table on the rig floor, the dog-house and prepare for raising the substructure.Raise the substructure.Complete the auxiliary jobs and put the floor tools in order.起井架、安裝鉆臺(tái)加寬臺(tái)、司鉆休息室等起底座準(zhǔn)備工作，起底座。輔助工作及整理鉆臺(tái)工具。
The 6th Day: Connect the Kelly and make up the turbine(screw)drill for the rat hole(mouse hole).接方鉆桿，配螺桿鉆具打鼠洞。The 7th Day: …
“Well done.” praised the Rig Manager, “If we carry out moving and the installation according to
this Schedule, we can save on two days.Even if it rains, we can still complete on schedule.“很好,”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理評(píng)價(jià)道，“按照這個(gè)進(jìn)度表實(shí)施搬家安裝，我們至少能節(jié)省兩天的時(shí)間。即使遇到下雨，我們也能按期完成。”
Having been carefully organized and planned by the Rig Manager, the moving operation went smoothly.What Email, the Drilling Supervisor, saw made him appreciate in his mind: “ They are really a group of high quality oilmen.”
在平臺(tái)經(jīng)理的精心組織下，搬遷、安裝工作有紊不亂地進(jìn)行著。鉆井監(jiān)督Email看在眼里，心中暗暗贊道：“真是一批高素質(zhì)的石油工人。”
“Hi, Email.Are you satisfied with the pace of installation?” George asked the Drilling Supervisor who was standing in the middle of the site.“你好, Email, 對(duì)我們的安裝進(jìn)度滿意嗎？”George站在井場中監(jiān)督問道。
“Not bad.According to the present rate of installation, I think I should give you only 8 days for the next well.” said Email, smiling.“不錯(cuò)，按這個(gè)進(jìn)展速度，我想下口井的搬遷時(shí)間只能給8天?！盓mail笑著說。
“Oh, no.” George debated immediately, “We did this in such a hurry so that we would have more time to commission the rig.”
“不要，”George趕緊申辯道：“我們抓緊時(shí)間是為了留下更多的時(shí)間調(diào)式鉆機(jī)。”
“I know.It was only kidding.” “我知道，開玩笑的?！?/p>
“Don’t scare me.I am just a sheep.” said George: “By the way, as per the Schedule, we’ll raise the derrick and the substructure half a day ahead of time.I would estimate the raising time at 4:30 pm.Will you attend?”
“別嚇我，我膽小?！盙eorge說：“順便說一下，按計(jì)劃我們將提前半天起升井架、底座。估計(jì)起井架時(shí)間是下午4:30。要不要參加？”
“Sure.And I’ll bring my hand camera to shoot the whole scene.” Email said in high spirits: “You
know, the last move and installation, I was back at home on vacation.”
“當(dāng)然參加。而且我還要帶上我的攝像機(jī)把整個(gè)場面拍攝下來?！盓mail興致勃勃到；“你知道，上次安裝，我正好回國休假。”
“Well.I’ll inform you on time by then.” Finishing the conversation, George turned to do his business.“好的，到時(shí)我準(zhǔn)時(shí)通知你?！盙eorge說完，又忙事去了。
At 4:30pm, the Toolpusher disposedly held the brake handle on the floor to run the drawworks.The mast and the substructure both rose up, while the workers cheered, Email shot a group of costful pictures.下午4:30，鉆臺(tái)上帶班隊(duì)長手握剎把，威風(fēng)冽冽。隨著絞車的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，井架豎起來了，底座升起來了，工人們歡笑起來。監(jiān)督Email拍下了這一組珍貴鏡頭。
In the safety meeting, everyone waited for the Rig Manager’s report on the move and installation.班前會(huì)上,大家期待著平臺(tái)經(jīng)理有關(guān)搬家、安裝的總結(jié)。
“Until now, we’ve completed rig installation three days earlier than the original schedule.” The Rig Manager praised the crew, and he could hardly control his own innermost happiness: “Congratulation to all of you!”
“就目前而言，我們比原定計(jì)劃提前三天完成設(shè)備安裝，”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理道，掩飾不住內(nèi)心的喜悅: “祝獲大家!”
“Hooray!” The employees cheered.“烏拉!”員工們發(fā)出一陣歡呼聲。
“Tomorrow, Mr.Zhou will conduct Shift.3 in commissioning the rig, connect the Kelly and make up the screw drill for rat holing.The rests get the site in order for the inspection by the Company HSE Officer and the Drilling Supervisor for the first spudding.”
“明天由周隊(duì)長帶領(lǐng)三班對(duì)鉆機(jī)進(jìn)行運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)式，接方鉆桿、配螺桿鉆具打鼠洞。其余的收拾井場。迎接甲方HSE官員和監(jiān)督的開鉆驗(yàn)收?！?/p>
Vocabulary electic rig 電動(dòng)鉆機(jī)
mechanic rig 機(jī)械鉆機(jī) disconnect 拆開,分離,斷開
connecting cable 連接電纜 pipeline 管線
furl 卷收、疊、收攏 spool 線軸,雙端凸緣管,(鉆井)四通
spooler 盤繩器,(卷繩)滾筒 spooler device 盤纜器
spooling 卷,纏,繞 spooling capacity 纏繞鋼絲繩能力,纏繞盤容量
spool piece 卷筒,短管,雙法蘭短節(jié)
spool valve 滑閥 order 指令,命令,順序
pack 包裹,捆扎,塞滿 Company 公司,甲方
Operator 業(yè)主,甲方
Contractor 承包商,乙方
Subcontractor 分包商, 子承包商 pump house 泵房
headquarter 總部 lorry 卡車
transport Company運(yùn)輸公司 schedule 時(shí)間表,進(jìn)度表
component 零部件,成分 size 尺寸,大小,尺碼
weight 重量,負(fù)擔(dān),砝碼 information 通知,信息,資料
equipment 設(shè)備,裝備,器材 instruction 指令,指示,說明書
huge 巨大的,極大的,無限的 front part 前部
rear part 后部 draft out 起草,制訂,設(shè)計(jì)
crane 吊車
SCR house 可控硅房
MCC house 電控房 foul-up 混亂,紊亂
circuit plate 電路板 replace 更換,替換,代替
revise 修訂,校對(duì),修正,修改 brake shoe 剎車塊
wear out 磨損 instrument 儀表,器械,工具
emphasize 強(qiáng)調(diào),著重 safety 安全,保險(xiǎn),安全設(shè)備
operation 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),操作,作業(yè) aspect外表,(問題等的)方面
bother 打擾,煩擾 fax 傳真
influence 影響,改變,感化 load 裝載,裝填,裝貨
unload 卸貨,擺脫,卸 be familiar with 熟悉
consult with 協(xié)商,商量
kilometer 千米,公里
suggestion 提議,意見,暗示 save 節(jié)省,保存,保全
in order 整齊,適宜,狀況良好 take into account 考慮,重視
guy 家伙,人 slope brace 斜拉筋
cross brace 橫拉筋 floor sill 底梁
rotary beam轉(zhuǎn)盤大梁 transmit power 送電,發(fā)電
standpipe 立管
rotary hose(旋轉(zhuǎn))水龍帶
drainage pipeline 排污管線
Campsite 營地
commissioning 試運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)、試車、調(diào)試 crownblock 天車
derrick ladder 井架扶梯 metal stake 游車墩子
traveling block 游車 guide line 引繩
drilling wireline 鉆井鋼絲繩 extension table(鉆臺(tái))加寬臺(tái)
dog-house 司鉆休息室 auxiliary job 輔助工作
floor tools 鉆臺(tái)工具
kelly 方鉆桿
turbine(screw)drill 螺桿鉆具 rat hole 大鼠洞
mouse hole小鼠洞 rat holing 鉆鼠洞、鉆井底口袋
ahead of time 提前 high quality 高素質(zhì)
make up 配(鉆具)
Chapter IV Equipment(Spudding)Inspection By Company HSE Officer And Drilling Supervisor HSE官員及甲方鉆井監(jiān)督 設(shè)備（開鉆）驗(yàn)收
At the entrance of the site, 8:00 a.m, the Rig Manager, the machinist and the electrician were waiting for the Company HSE officer and the Drilling Supervisor for equipment(spudding)inspection.早上8:00，井場入口處。平臺(tái)經(jīng)理、機(jī)械技師、電器技師正在等待甲方鉆井監(jiān)督和HSE官員的到來，進(jìn)行設(shè)備驗(yàn)收（開鉆驗(yàn)收）。
“Good morning, gentlemen,” the HSE officer greeted them.“早上好，先生們?！盚SE官員向他們問候道。
“Morning, Marsood.Morning, Email.” “早上好，Marsood。早上好，Email?！?/p>
“George, today’s inspection will be strictly performed depending on HSE principls and the regulations of Company.” Email said to the Rig Manager, very seriously: “This morning we’ll inspect the rig site and afternoon we’ll inspect the campsite.”
“George, 今天的開鉆驗(yàn)收將嚴(yán)格按照HSE管理?xiàng)l例和甲方的條例要求執(zhí)行?！盓mail對(duì)平臺(tái)經(jīng)理道，神情很嚴(yán)肅?！吧衔珧?yàn)收井場，下午驗(yàn)收營地?！?/p>
“And I’ll fill in this Inspection Report in practice,” the HSE officer added, waving the paper in his hand.“我將根據(jù)驗(yàn)收的實(shí)際情況填寫這份‘驗(yàn)收?qǐng)?bào)告’,”HSE官員揮舞著手中的開鉆驗(yàn)收?qǐng)?bào)告補(bǔ)充道。
“Take it easy, Email, Marsood.This is not our first time to take in Spudduing Inspection.We are full of confidences.”
“放心好了。Email，Marsood，開鉆驗(yàn)收不是第一次，我們有信心?！?/p>
“Very good!” said the HSE officer: “There are 36 items to be filled in the report.If each item is filled in ‘Yes’, you’ll be OK.”
“有信心就好?！盚SE官員道：“這份報(bào)告要填寫36項(xiàng),只要這份報(bào)告的每一項(xiàng)都填上‘Yes’，你們就O.K了。”
“Mr.Hu, Mr.Ran, did you hear? Any equipment and anywhere pointed out by the HSE officer or the Supervisor need to be modified, you must organize people to complete the modification as soon as possible, never influence the spudding date due to delaying.” George instructed the two guys beside him.“胡技、冉技，對(duì)HSE官員和監(jiān)督指正的地方或需要整改的地方，立即組織人員加班加點(diǎn)的完成，決不能影響開鉆計(jì)劃。”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理對(duì)身邊的兩位技師吩咐道。
“I bring my notebook,” said the machinist.“我?guī)еP記本呢。”胡技道。
“Ok.Let’s begin, my Lord.” George posed himself for invitation.28
“開始吧，大人。”George對(duì)HSE官員、鉆井監(jiān)督做出請(qǐng)的姿勢。
There was a desk used to register for visitor at the entrance of the site.The HSE officer began to fill in the Spudding Record.在井場入口處有一張來訪者填寫來訪登記用的桌子。HSE官員開始在桌上填寫他的開鉆記錄。
“Site warning line, ‘Yes’;Emergence gathering point, ‘Yes’;Caution Board, ‘Yes’;Sign Boards for putting on safety hat, uniform, shoes, ‘Yes’.” The HSE officer soliloquized while he filled.“井場警戒線，有。緊急集合點(diǎn)，有。警示牌，有。戴安全帽、穿工裝、工鞋的標(biāo)志牌，有?！盚SE官員邊填邊自語道。
“Where’s the Record of Site Entry Register?” asked the HSE officer.“入場登記記錄呢？”HSE官員問。
“In the drawer of the desk.” “在桌子抽屜里?！?/p>
Hu picked it out from the drawer and handed it to the HSE officer for checking.胡技師從抽屜里拿出來，遞給HSE官員檢查。
“The rest? Such as: Vehicle Pass In & Out Register;Fire Permit At Site Hazardous Area;Waste Treatment Records;Fire Emergency Program;Blowout Emergency Program etc.”
“其它哪些記錄呢？如：車輛出入登記、井場危險(xiǎn)區(qū)動(dòng)火許可證、廢物處理記錄、火災(zāi)應(yīng)急程序、井噴應(yīng)急程序等等在哪里？”
“Oh, they are in the meeting room,” Hu answered.“Shall I bring them for you to check now?” “我們都有，在會(huì)議室里。要不要現(xiàn)在拿來檢查？”胡技師問。
“No, thanks.I’ll check them later.” “不用。等會(huì)兒再去檢查?！?/p>
The HSE officer patrolled around the site to check whether the base of the site was level or not, whether the runway, the ramp and the casing frame were fixed well.HSE官員繞場巡視一周查看井場基礎(chǔ)是否平整, 跑道、坡道、套管架是否安裝好。
“All the surface casings and casing accessories for 26” hole have arrived?” “固26”井眼的表層套管及附件都到齊了嗎？”
“Not yet.BMC promised to send the rest 20 joints of 26”casing prior to the first spudding.” “只差20根20”套管，BMC公司答應(yīng)在一開前保證送到?！?/p>
“Email, help George to hasten BMC to send the rest casings as soon as possible.” HSE officer said to Email.“Email, 你幫他們催促一下?！盚SE 官員對(duì)監(jiān)督道。
“OK, no problem.” “行，沒問題?！?/p>
“How many tons of cement have been delivered now?” “水泥到了多少噸？”
“There are 200t in four cement tanks.Enough for the first spudding,” answered George.“四個(gè)灰罐里還有200噸。完全夠一開固井用了?！盙eorge 回答道。
On the way to the substructure, the HSE officer inspected the workers, who were busy on the site, whether their dresses met with the requirements of HSE.在走向鉆機(jī)底座的路上，HSE官員檢查了場地上干活的工人們的著裝是否符合HSE的要求。
In the cellar, HSE officer asked the electrician: “Are the plug and the receptacle of immersible pump explosion-proof?”
在方井里，HSE官員問電器技師；“排污用潛水泵的插頭、插座都是防暴的嗎？”
“Yes.” “是的?！?/p>
“Turn on the lights, I am going to check the illuminating system of the substructure.” “打開底座照明燈，我要檢查底座的照明系統(tǒng)?！?/p>
The HSE officer climbed up the substructure to check the head-lamp one by one, meanwhile he also checked the connecting pins, safety pins and split pins that used to connect and fix the substructure.HSE官員爬上底座對(duì)每盞照明燈逐一進(jìn)行檢查, 同時(shí)檢查底座連接銷、安全銷、開口銷等。
Email checked the diverting device(poor boy), trip tank and drainage ditch, etc.beside the substructure.Email卻在檢查底座旁的分流器、補(bǔ)給灌、排污溝。
A moment later, they gathered by the cellar again.一會(huì)兒后，他們又聚集在方井旁。
“The lampshade threads of a light in the right substructure have been damaged.Need to change a new one.” The HSE officer found out the problem and filled it in the report.“右底座照明燈護(hù)罩絲扣損壞，需要更換，”HSE官員說著，將發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題填寫在驗(yàn)收?qǐng)?bào)告里。
“The drainage ditch around the substructure need to be dredged,” said Email, “Maybe it was plugged while installation.”
“底座四周的排污溝需要再疏通，”Email說：“可能是安裝時(shí)造成的堵塞?！?/p>
“Mr.Hu, Mr.Ran send guys to modify it right now.” George ordered.“胡技、冉技馬上派人整改?！?/p>
“And you haven’t laid off the wellhead hazard area.” added the HSE officer.31
“而且還沒劃出井口危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域?！?HSE官員補(bǔ)充道。
“We’ll do it soon.Ok?”
“我們立即劃出井口危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域，行嗎？”
Prior to climbing up the drill floor, they came to the sand pit in front of the survival passage to check whether the pit depth and sand quantity meet to the requirement.上鉆臺(tái)前，他們來到逃身滑道前的沙坑,查看沙坑的深度和堆沙量是否符合要求。
On the ladder to the floor, the HSE officer shook the handrail and touched it with the gloves on his hands.The handrail was fixed and the gloves were very clean, no any smear.在通往鉆臺(tái)的扶梯上，HSE官員用戴著手套的手搖了搖扶手，又在上面摸了一下。扶手很牢固，手套也很干凈、沒污跡。
“All the handrails on the ladders are fixed, safety and very clean.Look, I also added the safety ropes for the ladders.” the Rig Manager felt proud, “I often tell my guys whenever they are free they must keep the equipment clean, including the handrails.”
“所有樓梯扶手都牢固、安全，而且還挺干凈！你看，我還為這些梯子加了安全繩呢，”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理很得意，“我常常告誡我的人隨時(shí)隨地要保持設(shè)備清潔，包括扶手在內(nèi)。”
“Just so-so.I hope you can keep it during the whole drilling operation.” “還行。希望整個(gè)鉆井過程中也能保持這樣?！?/p>
On the floor, the HSE officer squatted down to check whether the floor flat and the extended table were fixed well.After entering into the doghouse, he carefully checked the quick-connectors of switchboards, cables, explosion-proof air-conditioner and telephone.Then he counted the quantities of oxygen breathers and fire extinguishers configured for the floor, and checked whether the stretcher equipped for the First Aid.鉆臺(tái)上，HSE官員蹲下來檢查鉆臺(tái)面及加寬臺(tái)是否固定好，然后走進(jìn)入鉆臺(tái)司鉆休息室，對(duì)電閘、電纜的快速接頭、防暴空調(diào)、防暴電話進(jìn)行了仔細(xì)檢查。清點(diǎn)了氧氣呼吸器和滅火器的數(shù)量，是否配備緊急救護(hù)用的擔(dān)架。
Email stood in front of Martin.TOTOC, asking: “Has it been debugged ?” Email卻停留在馬丁.代克儀表前，問道：“儀表調(diào)試過了嗎？”
“Sure.No problem.” answered the electrician.“調(diào)式過了，沒問題?！彪娖骷紟熁卮鸬馈?/p>
“Remember? During last 5th spud, Martin.TOTOC couldn’t print out log often while drilling.What was the problem?”
“記得嗎？上口井五開的時(shí)候，馬丁儀表經(jīng)常打不出隨鉆記錄報(bào)告，是什么原因？?！?/p>
“Oh, an element in the control board damaged.We purchased but failed at that time.Now it has been replaced.”
“哦，控制板有個(gè)元件壞了，當(dāng)時(shí)買不到，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)換了。”
“Remember.Company requires no intermission in log while drilling during operation, otherwise your day rate will be deducted.Last well, I held back a lot for you and didn’t report the headquarters about this.”
“記住，甲方要求隨鉆記錄在鉆井過程中不能間斷，否則要扣日費(fèi)。上口井多虧我?guī)湍銈冸[瞞了，沒向總部報(bào)告?！?/p>
“Thanks.This will never happen again.” “謝謝，這次不會(huì)了?！?/p>
Out of the doghouse, they began to check the equipment on the floor.The Rig Manager knew that the floor was the keystone to be checked.走出司鉆休息室，HSE官員、Email開始對(duì)鉆臺(tái)上設(shè)備進(jìn)行檢查。平臺(tái)經(jīng)理知道鉆臺(tái)是他們檢查的重點(diǎn)。
The HSE officer was in charge of inspecting circuit and air connections of mechanical units.HSE官員負(fù)責(zé)檢查機(jī)械設(shè)備的電路連接和氣路連接；
Email was in charge of inspecting the running condition of mechanical units — Weight Indicator, Pressure Gauge, Rotary Torque Indicator, DC Torque Gauge, Stroke Counter, Standpipe Pressure Gauge, Drawworks, DC Drilling Motor, Driller’s Control Console, Control Console of Top Drive, Air Hoist, whether the snub line, slings of balance hammer and deadline anchor were fixed and
reliable or not.Email負(fù)責(zé)檢查機(jī)械設(shè)備及儀表 — 指重表、壓力表、轉(zhuǎn)盤扭矩表、鉆鋌上扣扭矩表、泵沖記數(shù)儀、立管壓力表、絞車，DC鉆井馬達(dá)、司控臺(tái)、頂驅(qū)控制臺(tái)、風(fēng)動(dòng)絞車的運(yùn)行情況，吊鉗尾繩、平衡錘吊繩、死繩固定器是否牢固、可靠。
“Start the drawworks,” the HSE officer ordered the driller, “Start ‘A’ motor first, then ‘B’ motor, at last parallel them.I’ll check whether the motors run in good order.”
“啟動(dòng)絞車，”HSE官員對(duì)司鉆道，“先開A馬達(dá)，再開B馬達(dá)，最后并車運(yùn)行。我要檢查直流馬達(dá)是否工作正常?！?/p>
“Yes, sir.” The driller ran the drawworks in accordance with the HSE officer’s instruction.“是?！彼俱@按照HSE官員的指令逐步啟動(dòng)絞車。
Meanwhile, Email was checking the sensitivity of the brake system of the drawworks—testing main brake band, electromagnetic eddy brake, air brake and crownblock protector;the arrangement and perfection of the drilling line on the drum;the power to makeup and breakout.與此同時(shí), Email卻在檢查絞車剎車系統(tǒng)的靈敏度 — 測試主剎帶、電磁渦流剎車、氣剎和防碰天車；滾筒鋼絲繩的排列和完好性；貓頭上、卸扣的力度。
The drawworks ran smoothly and no abnormal condition occurred.15 minutes later, the HSE officer moved his hand to the driller to stop.絞車運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)十分正常，沒發(fā)現(xiàn)任何異常情況。15分鐘后，HSE官員揮手叫司鉆把絞車停下來。
“Operate the 1#, 2# mud pumps at rated power of 120spm right now.Each pump runs for 5 minutes.”
“現(xiàn)在按泥漿泵的額定沖數(shù)120spm運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)1#、2#泥漿泵，每臺(tái)泵運(yùn)行5分鐘?！? minutes passed, the pumps ran very well.The HSE officer and the Drilling Supervisor had nothing to say.10分鐘過去了，兩臺(tái)泵運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常，HSE官員和監(jiān)督均無話可說。
“Has aligned the wellhead with 11” DC?” Email asked the driller.“用11”鉆鋌校正井口了嗎？”Email問司鉆。
“Sure, of course.” “當(dāng)然校正了?！?/p>
“Well, run the rotary table at 50, 80, 100, 120rpm, I’ll check whether it has unusual sound during rotating.”
“好，按50，80，100，120rpm轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)盤，我要檢查轉(zhuǎn)盤是否有異常聲音?！?/p>
The driller did according to his requirement.The HSE officer and the Supervisor listened carefully beside the table, it seemed that they wanted to hear something, but failed.5 minutes later, the rotary table was stopped.司鉆按監(jiān)督的速度要求運(yùn)行轉(zhuǎn)盤, HSE官員和監(jiān)督在一旁仔細(xì)地監(jiān)聽，似乎要聽出點(diǎn)異常,可他們失望了。5分鐘后, 轉(zhuǎn)盤停了下來。
“Test the alert horn.” HSE officer ordered.“拉響報(bào)警器?！盚SE官員道。
The horn sounded, but the distinguishability of(Hi-lo signal alarm)althorn and sackbut was not clearly.The HSE officer shook his head unsatisfiedly.警報(bào)響了，可高、低音喇叭分辨不清楚，HSE官員聽得直搖頭。
“We modify right now,” said the electrician in a hurry, “change the althorn.” “我們馬上整改，換高音喇叭?！焙紟熩s緊道。
“Well.Check the illuminating system of the mast, now.” the HSE officer said to the electrician.“好的?，F(xiàn)在檢查井架照明系統(tǒng)。” HSE官員對(duì)冉技道。
The electrician switched power supply for the system.The HSE officer looked up to check, and all the lights were shining.冉技合閘，接通井架照明系統(tǒng)電源。HSE官員仰頭查看，所有燈都亮著。
“Branch cable connection, lamp holder, lampshade of each lamp in the mast is safe and reliable?
No problem?”
“井架上每盞燈的支線電纜的連接、燈座、護(hù)罩是不是都安全可靠，不會(huì)有問題吧？”
“Absolutely not.I did it myself.”
“井架上的照明電纜是我親自接的，絕對(duì)安全可靠?！?/p>
“I trust you.But I must climb up the mast to check them one by one.” he touched the electrician’s shoulder, “I also check whether the pins of the mast were fixed, whether inserted safety pins and split pins for them;whether the hose was tied well with safety line.You see, the stabbing board, the monkeyboard, the crownblock and the escape trolley need to be checked too.”
“相信你，但我還是要上去一一檢查?！?HSE官員拍拍冉技師的肩頭?！拔乙獧z查井架銷子是否牢固，插了安全銷沒有；水龍帶保險(xiǎn)繩是否栓好；檢查套管對(duì)扣臺(tái)、二層臺(tái)、逃生裝置及天車的安裝情況?！?/p>
“Ok, I have to accompany you to climb up the mast.” “好吧，我陪你上去?！?/p>
While the two fellows climbed up the mast with safety belt, Email, George and the machinist went to the floor toolhouse.HSE官員、冉技系上安全帶上二層臺(tái)檢查去了。平臺(tái)經(jīng)理、機(jī)械技師和鉆井監(jiān)督走向鉆臺(tái)偏房。
As soon as entering into the toolhouse, George’s face went red immediately, feeling very embarrassed.What they saw was terrible.The floor tools—the hydraulic tongs, slips, elevator, bit breaker,and the hand tools in the tool cabinet —chain tongs, pipe tongs, wrenches, pliers(hand vice), screw driver, steel rulers, steel tape, scissors and adhesive tape, etc.were put in a complete mess.一走進(jìn)鉆臺(tái)偏房，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理的臉一下子紅了起來，極為尷尬。他們所見到的慘不忍睹。只見鉆臺(tái)工具 — 液氣大鉗、卡瓦、吊卡、鉆頭盒，以及工具柜里的手工具 — 鏈鉗、管鉗、扳手、鉗子、螺絲刀、鋼板尺、鋼卷尺、剪刀、膠粘帶等擺放得亂七八糟，一塌糊涂。
“Oh, no.” George wailed before the Supervisor complained: “Don’t fill this in the report, please.Give me an hour, I’ll get everything in apple-pie order.”
“噢，不要?！辈坏缺O(jiān)督開口，George先說道：“別記錄，給我一個(gè)小時(shí)，我把這里搞得規(guī)
規(guī)矩矩、井井有條?！?/p>
“You are smart.” “算你聰明?！?/p>
“What’s wrong, Hu?” George roared to his machinist in a bad temper, “If the spudding date is influenced, you’ll lose you bonus.”
“怎么搞的，胡大班？”George對(duì)他的技師發(fā)怒道?！坝绊懥碎_鉆，我要扣你的獎(jiǎng)金。”
“Yesterday afternoon, I arranged Shift 2 to do it,” murmured the machinist, feeling very grievance.“昨天下午，我安排二班收拾的。”胡大班喃喃道，心頭受訓(xùn)感到十分委屈。
The pipeline connection from the pumps to the standpipe was also checked prior to ending the floor inspection.在結(jié)束鉆臺(tái)檢查之前，他們還檢查了泥漿泵到立管的管線連接。
In circulation & solid control system, the HSE officer firstly checked the mud and fresh water prepared for the first spudduing, then the cable slot, wiring condition of shale shaker, vacuum degasser, centrifuge and illuminating system, at last he asked to run the units as per its rated power.循環(huán)固控系統(tǒng)，HSE官員首先檢查了泥漿罐里為一開準(zhǔn)備的泥漿和清水，然后檢查泥漿罐上的電纜槽、振動(dòng)篩、真空除氣器、離心機(jī)和照明系統(tǒng)的電路情況并要求按這些設(shè)備的額定功率試運(yùn)行這些設(shè)備。
Email checked the connections between No.1 to No.5 mud tanks, including butterfly valves, pit level devices in the tanks and the work condition of desilters, desanders, degassers, mud guns, agitators on the tanks.Email檢查了1~5號(hào)泥漿罐各罐之間的連接，罐里的蝶閥、液位標(biāo)尺，罐上的除泥器、除砂器、除氣器、泥漿槍、攪拌器的工作狀況。
“George, the butterfly valve of No.2 tank has a little leakage.Two mud guns are rusted seriously.You didn’t maintain them, right?”
“George，2#罐蝶閥滴漏，泥漿槍有點(diǎn)銹蝕，沒有進(jìn)行潤滑保養(yǎng)，是吧？”
“It’s impossible, Email.Maybe it’s the reason of being used for a long time.” George explained.“不會(huì)吧，Email?？赡苁悄酀{槍用久了的緣故吧?！盙eorge辯解到。
“I don’t care.No matter what reasons, you must send a guy to maintain them, otherwise…” “我不管，反正你得派人搞一下。否則?...”
“Yes, sir.” George interrupted him.“遵命?！盙eorge打斷他的話。
At last, the HSE officer said: “Show me the mud level records!” 最后SHE官員問：“把泥漿液面觀察記錄拿來看看？”
“Here you are.” The machinist hand in the record notebook, which was hanged beside the centrifuge.“給?！焙紟煱褣煸陔x心機(jī)旁的記錄本交給HSE官員。
In the weighting house, the HSE officer met the mud engineer who was guiding the local labors to convey barite.在配藥房HSE官員遇見了正在指揮當(dāng)?shù)孛窆ぐ徇\(yùn)重晶石的泥漿工程師。
“Do you prepare eyewash for the workers?” “備有洗眼液嗎？”他問。
“Of course.It’s over there,” said the mud engineer, pointing the eyewash by the rinsing pool.“有，在哪兒?！蹦酀{工程師指著放在洗手池旁洗眼液說。
“You should paste a clear sign of eyewash over there so that to satisfy HSE requirements,” the HSE officer blamed, “Look, without your reminding of me, I couldn’t find it.”
“應(yīng)該在那里貼上洗眼液的明顯標(biāo)志，這樣才符合HSE要求?！盚SE官員責(zé)備道：“瞧，要不是你提醒，我根本找不到?！?/p>
“I see, my lord.” “明白了，大人?！?/p>
“Start the weighting pump,” the HSE officer ordered the mud Engineer, ”I’d like to check its running condition.”
“啟動(dòng)加重泵，”HSE官員對(duì)泥漿工程師命令道，“我要看看它的運(yùn)行情況。”
The mud engineer knew that he wanted to check whether it was connected to the hopper, whether the hopper worked normally.泥漿工程師知道他要檢查加重泵是否與漏斗連接，漏斗能否正常工作。
After inspecting the solid control system, they came to the pump house.The assistant driller and two roughnecks were busy on No.1 mud pump.檢查完固控系統(tǒng)，他們來到泵房。副司鉆和2個(gè)鉆工在1號(hào)泵上忙碌著。
“What’s wrong?” asked Email, “any troubles with the pump? It was all right a moment, right?” “怎么回事，”Email問道，“泵出現(xiàn)問題了？剛才試運(yùn)行不是好好的碼？”
“Nothing.I informed them to replace the liner and the piston,” answered the machinist, “when operated the pumps, the small size liner of No.1 pump wasn’t replaced in time during moving.You know, opening the hole with 26” bit needs big displacement, so the small size liner needs to be changed into 190mm.It’ll be completed soon.”
“沒什么。我通知他們換缸套活塞?！睓C(jī)械大班回答道：“剛才試泵的時(shí)候，1號(hào)泵還是小尺寸缸套活塞，在搬遷時(shí)沒來得急更換。你知道，26”井眼開鉆需要大排量，因此1號(hào)泵要換成190mm缸套活塞。很快就換好了?！?/p>
“After the liner replaced, try to run it again,” said the HSE officer.“換好后再試運(yùn)行一下，”HSE官員道。
“Yes, Sir.” “是?！?/p>
No more questions, Email and the HSE officer began to check DC motors, power supply wiring of two pumps, valves and unions of In and Out pipelines.Email與HSE官員不再多問，開始檢查兩臺(tái)泥漿泵的DC馬達(dá)，電源連接，進(jìn)、出口管線閘門和由壬。
“Ran, come on,” the HSE officer shouted to the electrician, pointing the cable connector of DC motor of No.2 pump, “The insulating tape winding the cable connector is aging.The cablehead will be naked out soon, I estimate.It needs to be wrapped(wind)again.”
“冉技師，過來一下，”HSE官員對(duì)電器技師喊道，指著2#泵DC馬達(dá)，說：“電纜接頭纏繞的膠布老化了，估計(jì)用不了多久線頭就會(huì)裸露出來，需要重新纏繞。”HSE官員對(duì)電器技師說。
“I’ll wind the insulating tape for the two pumps over again.” “我馬上把兩臺(tái)泵接線頭都重新纏繞一遍?！?/p>
Out from the SCR house, MCC house and entering into the Generator House, the HSE officer said to the Drilling Supervisor, “The American’s products are unquestionable indeed.I hardly find out any defects.”
從干凈、整潔的SCR和MCC房里出來進(jìn)入發(fā)電機(jī)房，SHE官員對(duì)鉆井監(jiān)督說：“美國佬的產(chǎn)品確實(shí)無可挑剔，我簡直找不出什么毛病?！?/p>
“That’s because you are not familiar with them,” said Email, “Last well, something wrong with the modules of No.3, No.4 control cubicles, it brought them a lot of troubles and almost caused a downtime.”
“那是你不太熟悉他們罷了，”Email道：“上口井，SCR房里的3#柜、4#柜里面的模塊出了問題還不是一樣的麻煩，差點(diǎn)造成停鉆事故。”
“Oh, I see.To me, electric is very complex.” The HSE officer shook his shoulder helplessly.“哦，對(duì)我而言，電這個(gè)東西確實(shí)太復(fù)雜了?！盚SE官員無奈地聳聳肩。
“Shall I start 4 CATs for inspection?” asked the motorman while they were chatting.談話間，機(jī)房司機(jī)問要不要啟動(dòng)四臺(tái)CAT 3512發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)組讓他們驗(yàn)收
“Only start No.2 generator sets to check running condition.” “啟動(dòng) 2#機(jī)組，我們看看運(yùn)行情況就行了?！?/p>
Later, in the oil tank battery, they checked valves, pipeline connection of fuel tanks and the motor that used to transfer the fuel oil.隨后，在油罐區(qū)，他們檢查了幾個(gè)燃油罐的閥門、管線連接和高架罐的油泵馬達(dá)。
Outside of the remote control station, Email checked the valves and unions in the control manifold carefully to find out whether there is a leakage or not.在遠(yuǎn)程控制房的外面，Email仔細(xì)檢查了控制管線的閥門和由壬，查看有無泄漏。
In the station, Email and the HSE officer checked whether the independent automatic accumulator unit of the control system for BOP stacks was in good condition, whether the remote control panel clearly showing open and close positions for preventers and the hydraulic operated kill / choke line valves.Without recharging, whether the accumulator capacity was adequate for closing and opening all preventers and closing again the annular and one ram type preventer and hold them closed against the rated BOP WP.遠(yuǎn)程控制房里，Email和 HSE官員檢查了用于防噴器組控制系統(tǒng)的獨(dú)立自動(dòng)儲(chǔ)能裝置是否狀態(tài)良好；遙控臺(tái)上是否清楚標(biāo)識(shí)防噴器和液壓操作壓井/節(jié)流管線閥門的開位和關(guān)位。勿需再充氮，儲(chǔ)能量是否適合關(guān)閉和打開所有的防噴器，再關(guān)閉環(huán)空和一個(gè)閘板防噴器并針對(duì)額定的BOP工作壓力保持其關(guān)閉。
At the same time, they also checked the low pressure warning alarm and the low fluid level warning alarm equipped in the station.同時(shí)，他們還檢查了遠(yuǎn)控房里配備的低壓報(bào)警和低液位報(bào)警裝置。
“Ok, not bad.The configuration of the station completely satisfies HSE requirements.” The HSE officer gave his comment.“不錯(cuò)。遠(yuǎn)控房的配置完全滿足HSE要求?！盚SE官員評(píng)價(jià)道。
As soon as entering into the fire-fighting house, what stroke their eyes were the fire-fighting tools put in apple-pie order.The fire-fighting axes, shovels, buckets, fire blankets and fire hoses were hung as consistent with the layout lines on the walls.The fire extinguishers on the ground met HSE layout requirements completely.41
最后他們走進(jìn)消防房。只見消防工具—消防斧、消防鏟、消防桶、滅火毯、消防管線按壁上的畫線，擺放得井然有序，地上擺放的滅火器整整齊齊，完全符合SHE對(duì)消防設(shè)備的擺放要求。
“How many extinguishers equipped in total?” HSE officer asked.“一共配備了多少瓶滅火器？”SHE官員問。
“Equipped according to HSE standard.10 liters foam extinguisher, 12 bottles;10 liter powder extinguisher, 12 bottles.”
“滅火器是按SHE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配備的。10升泡沫滅火器12瓶、10升干粉滅火器12瓶?！?/p>
“Prepared fire sand?” asked Email.“防火砂準(zhǔn)備沒有？”Email問。
“Sure, at the left side of the substructure,” answered George, “Shall I show you?” “當(dāng)然準(zhǔn)備了，在底座左邊，”George回答道：“要不要帶你去看看?！?/p>
“Not necessary.” “不必了。”
The HSE officer began to check the labels, valid date and the latch of the extinguisher, whether it worked or not.SHE官員檢查這些滅火器的有效期、標(biāo)簽以及鎖銷是否工作。
“George, the powder extinguishers only have a month’s valid date.I think you should order new ones.”
“George, 干粉滅火器的有效期還有一個(gè)月，我想你們?cè)撚嗁徚恕！?/p>
“We’ve listed it in our procurement schedule.” “這個(gè)已列在我們的采購計(jì)劃中?！?/p>
Out of the rig-site, HSE officer asked George: “How many searchlights are used to illuminate the whole site?”
走出井場，SHE官員問平臺(tái)經(jīng)理：“井場照明用了幾盞探照燈？”
“20 searchlights around the site.”
“整個(gè)井場用了20盞探照燈，分別在井場四周?！?/p>
“Install another 2 searchlights at air drilling package, make the front site lighter at night, Ok.” The HSE officer suggested.“在空鉆設(shè)備處加2盞探照燈，使前場更晚上更亮點(diǎn)?！?HSE官員建議道。
“Good idea.” “沒問題?！?/p>
“It’s time for inspecting the clinic.” The SHE officer offered.“走，看看你們的醫(yī)務(wù)室。” HSE官員提出要對(duì)醫(yī)務(wù)室進(jìn)行檢查。
In clinic, Mr.Liu, the doctor of the Drilling Crew, was busy in assorting and registering the messed medicine and medical appliances due to moving.醫(yī)務(wù)室里，隨隊(duì)的劉醫(yī)生正在將藥品及醫(yī)療器械歸類、登記。
“Hi, Dr.Liu.” greeted the HSE officer, offering his hand.“你好，劉醫(yī)生?！?HSE官員伸手問候道。
“Hi, Marsood.Welcome.” Dr.Liu held his hand.“你好，Marsood。歡迎檢查?！?/p>
Checking the medical instruments, the medicine cabinet, First Aid equipment according to HSE requirements, the HSE officer felt satisfaction with what Dr.Liu did.HSE 官員按HSE要求檢查了醫(yī)療器械、藥品柜、急救設(shè)備，感到很滿意。
“Very good.Doctor Liu,” he appreciated, “However, next month is summer, the weather will be much hotter in this region.You should prepare abundant medicine for sunstroke prevention.” “很好，劉醫(yī)生?！彼Q贊道?！安贿^，下個(gè)月就進(jìn)入夏季了，這個(gè)地區(qū)天氣較為炎熱，應(yīng)配備充足的防暑降溫藥品。”
“Sure.This shift I bring some traditional Chinese medicines for sunstroke prevention.I think no problem.”
“那是當(dāng)然，這輪班我?guī)┓朗罱禍氐闹兴庍^來，應(yīng)該沒問題。”
“Snakes often appear in this region in summer days.Do you prepare any blood serums for emergence?”
“這地區(qū)常有毒蛇出沒，配備了應(yīng)急用的些血清沒有？”
“A little, only three serums.It’s very difficult to buy this kind of anti-toxin serum.” “有，但只有三只。這種血清在市場上很難買到?！?/p>
“I’ll try to help you.” HSE officer promised.“我給你們想想辦法?！?HSE官員承諾道。
“Thank you in advance.” “那就謹(jǐn)先致謝?！?/p>
In the afternoon, accompanied by the Camp Manager, the HSE officer inspected all the camp establishments--kitchen, dining-room, storeroom, employee’s caravans, laundry and bathroom, etc.He wanted to know whether these establishments could be up to the HSE standard of sanitation.下午，HSE官員在營地經(jīng)理陪同下對(duì)營地設(shè)施—廚房、餐廳、儲(chǔ)藏室、員工住房、洗衣房、衛(wèi)生間進(jìn)行檢查，看衛(wèi)生條件能不能達(dá)到HSE的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。
In the laundry, HSE officer tested two washing machines and two dryers.洗衣房里，HSE官員試了二臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)和二臺(tái)干洗機(jī)。
“Look, that washing machine doesn’t work.Why not to send it to be repaired?” “瞧，那臺(tái)臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)壞了，為什么沒送去修理？”
“The laundry and its equipment are still in the guarantee period.We have touched the supplier, and he promised to send a repairman to repair it soon.”
“洗衣房及其設(shè)備還在保修期內(nèi)，我們已經(jīng)供貨商聯(lián)系過了，他們答應(yīng)很快派人來修理?！?/p>
The next door was the bathroom, the HSE officer ordered the camp manager to open all the waterlines to check the taps and the showers.洗衣房隔壁是浴室，HSE官員叫營地經(jīng)理打開所有水管線檢查水龍頭和蓬頭。
“Two showers damaged.One waterline leaked.They should have been replaced or repaired, why?” the HSE officer asked unhappily.“浴室里有兩個(gè)蓬頭壞了，水管線也漏水，為什么沒有更換和修理？” HSE官員不悅地問道。
“Sorry.We just settled down, having no time to consider this.But I’ll send a guy to modify at once.”
“對(duì)不起，我們剛安定下來，沒來得及。不過，我馬上派人整改?！?/p>
“Remember, next time, no sorry.” The HSE officer said seriously, meanwhile he filled what he had found in the report.“記住，下次可沒有對(duì)不起，”HSE官員嚴(yán)厲道，同時(shí)記錄在驗(yàn)收?qǐng)?bào)告里。
In this case, the Camp Manager began to be a little worried because he did not know what would happen in the next during inspection.這種情況下，營地經(jīng)理開始擔(dān)心起來因?yàn)樗恢澜又鴷?huì)出什么事。
The HSE officer frown as he saw the flies flying all round in the dining-room, saying: “ Mr.Tang, look, so many flies, you should equip a unit for the dining-room to drive out of the flies.To have dinner in a clean and comfortable circumstance, it will be good for the employee’s health.” 在餐廳，看見四處飛舞的蒼蠅，HSE官員皺了皺眉頭說：“唐經(jīng)理，餐廳里的蒼蠅太多，應(yīng)
該有一臺(tái)驅(qū)蒼蠅設(shè)備。這樣員工們?cè)诟蓛舻沫h(huán)境里就餐，會(huì)對(duì)身體有好處?！?/p>
“The unit is being purchased.I’m sure you’ll have different feelings while you come to inspect next time.”
“我們正在積極采購，下次你來檢查感覺肯定不一樣?！?/p>
“I hope so.” “但愿如此?！?/p>
At night, in the meeting room at site, HSE officer affirmed today’s inspection referring his Inspection Report, and offered his suggestions about modification according to HSE principles.晚上，井場會(huì)議室，HSE官員對(duì)今天的驗(yàn)收給予了肯定，也提出了整改意見。
“Anyway, few places need to be modified.I hope that you complete the modifications as soon as possible, otherwise the spudding date will be delayed,” said the HSE officer.“總之，需要整改的地方不多，希望你們盡快完成，不影響開鉆日期?！?HSE官員道。
“Set your heart at rest.I guarantee we’ll complete the modification in a day,” the Rig Manager promised, “ and spud on time.”
“你放心，一天之內(nèi)我保證整改完畢，”平臺(tái)經(jīng)理承諾道：“保證按時(shí)開鉆?！?/p>
“Well, I’ll consign the last inspection to Email,” HSE officer said, “If he thinks OK, you’ll be OK.” “那好，最后的整改驗(yàn)收，我委托Email執(zhí)行?！盚SE官員道：“如果他認(rèn)為行了，你們就過關(guān)了。”
Vocabulary spudding inspection 開鉆驗(yàn)收
regulation 規(guī)章,規(guī)則,調(diào)節(jié) fill in 填充
in practice實(shí)踐,實(shí)際上,熟練 take in接受,接待,吸收,理解
confidence信心
modify修改,更改,整改
instruct教導(dǎo),命令,指示,通知 register登記,注冊(cè),記錄
caution board警示牌
sign board標(biāo)志牌
patrol出巡、巡邏 runway跑道
ramp坡道
catwalk 狹窄的過道,高空走道;高臺(tái),天車臺(tái)
catworks 輔助(貓頭)絞車,絞車的貓頭部分 casing frame套管架
surface casing表層套管 casing accessories 套管附件
casing adapter 套管異徑接頭 casing anchor 套管錨
casing anchor packer 套管錨封隔器 casing annulus 套管環(huán)空
casing appliances 下套管工具
casing centralizer 套管扶正器
casing check valve 套管止回閥, 套管回壓凡爾 casing clamps 套管卡子
casing collapse 套管擠壞 casing collar 套管接箍
casing connecting spool 雙法蘭短節(jié) casing connection 套管連接
casing deformation 套管變形 casing dog 套管打撈矛
casing elevator 套管吊卡 casing failure 套管斷裂,套管損壞
casing fitting 套管配件 casing float collar 套管浮箍
casing float valve 套管浮閥 casing gauge 套管絲扣規(guī)
casing guide shoe 套管引鞋 casing-head spool 套管頭四通
casinghead squeeze 套管頭擠水泥 casing-head top 套管頭頂
casing hold-down ring 套管頭壓緊環(huán) attachment附件,附加裝置
hasten催促,趕緊,促進(jìn) cement水泥,注水泥,結(jié)合劑,膠結(jié)劑
cement tank灰罐 plug 插頭
receptacle插座 diving pump 潛水泵
explosion-proof防爆 illuminating system照明系數(shù)
head lamp照明燈 connecting pin連接銷
safety pin安全銷
split pin開口銷
diverting device(poor boy)分流器 drainage ditch排污溝
lampshade燈罩
dredge挖掘,疏通
wellhead hazard area井口危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域 sand pit 沙坑
survival passage逃生滑道 handrail扶手
glove手套
smear油跡,污點(diǎn),涂上,抹掉,除污
squat down蹲、蹲下 floor flat 鉆臺(tái)面
extended table加寬臺(tái)
doghouse司鉆休息室
quick-connector快速接頭 switchboards配電盤,配電板
oxygent breather氧氣呼吸器 fire extingwisher滅火器
configure配置,設(shè)定 stretcher擔(dān)架
First Aid緊急救護(hù) debug調(diào)試,調(diào)試工具;排除
print out打印 log while drilling隨鉆記錄
control board控制板 intermission間斷
hold back隱瞞
keystone重點(diǎn)
circuit connection電路連接 air connection氣路連接
weight indicator指重表
pressure gauge壓力表
rotary torque indicator轉(zhuǎn)盤扭矩表 DC motor直流電機(jī)
AC motor交流電機(jī)
air hoist風(fēng)動(dòng)絞車
DC torque gauge鉆鋌上扣扭矩表 stroke counter泵沖記數(shù)儀
standpipe pressure gauge立管壓力表 snub line吊鉗尾繩
balance harmmer平衡錘 sling吊繩
deadline anchor死繩固定器 sensitivity敏感系數(shù)（度）,靈敏性
brake system剎車系統(tǒng) electromagnetic eddy brake電磁渦流剎車
air brake氣剎 crownblock protector(saver)防碰天車
drum滾筒
rated power額定功率
align對(duì)準(zhǔn),校正,校直 alert horn報(bào)警器
althorn高音喇叭 lampshade燈罩
lampholder燈座
safety line保險(xiǎn)繩
stabbing board對(duì)扣臺(tái)（套管）escape trolley逃生滑車
safety belt安全帶 floor toolhouse鉆臺(tái)偏房
hydraulic tong液氣大鉗 slip卡瓦
elevator吊卡 bit breaker鉆頭盒
tool cabinet工具柜 chain tong鏈鉗
pipe tong管鉗 wrench板手
pliers鉗子、老虎鉗 steel ruler鋼圈尺
scissor剪刀 adhesive tape膠粘帶
fresh water清水
cable slot電纜槽
vacuum degasser真空除氣器 rated power額定功率
butterfly valve蝶閥 pit level device液位標(biāo)尺
desilter除泥器 desander除砂器
degasser除氣器 mud gun泥漿槍
agitator攪拌器 leakage漏,泄漏,滲漏
rust鐵銹,（使）生銹 mud volume泥漿體積
barite重晶石
rinsing pool洗手池
hopper漏斗
union油壬
age老化
defect缺陷、缺點(diǎn)
downtime停鉆
fuel tank燃油罐、高架罐
remote control station遠(yuǎn)控房
automatic accumulator unit自動(dòng)儲(chǔ)能裝置 BOP stacks防噴器組
shower蓬頭
choke line節(jié)流管線
annular環(huán)空
WP（working pressure）工作壓力
low fluid level低液位
fire blanket消防毯
foam extinguisher泡沫滅火器
fire sand防火砂
latch鎖銷
medical instrument醫(yī)療器械
kitchen廚房
storeroom儲(chǔ)藏室
weighting house加重房
eyewash洗眼液
weighting pump加重泵
piston活塞
cable connetor電纜接頭
insulating tape絕緣膠布
control cubicle控制柜
oil tank battery油罐區(qū)
fuel oil燃油
control manifold控制管匯 tap水龍頭
remote control panel遠(yuǎn)控臺(tái)
kill line 壓井管線
preventer防噴器
ram閘板
low pressure低壓 fire-fighting消防
fire hose 消防水龍帶
powder extinguisher干粉滅火器
valid date 有效期
searchlight探照燈
establishment設(shè)施、確定、制定
dining-room餐廳
laundry洗衣房
bathroom衛(wèi)生間
washing machine洗衣機(jī) dryer干燥機(jī)、干洗機(jī)
guarantee period保修期
Chapter V Drilling Operation 鉆井作業(yè)
At midnight, George, the Rig Manager, was woken up from dream, looking at his watch beside the pillow, it was 4 a.m.before dawn.In the mist, he wanted to go asleep again, suddenly he reminded that today was the spudding date of TBK-3, so his drowsiness disappeared at once.He got up, put on his uniform and rushed to the rig-site.Only 3 hours and 18 minutes left to the spudding time, he would complete the final safety inspection prior to spudding during this period.深夜，平臺(tái)經(jīng)理George從夢中驚醒，看了看放在枕邊的手表，才凌晨4點(diǎn)鐘。迷糊中，他準(zhǔn)備再次入睡，可猛然想起今天是TBK-3井的開鉆日，頓時(shí)睡意全消。他趕緊起床、穿衣，奔向井場。現(xiàn)在離開鉆時(shí)間還剩3小時(shí)又18分鐘，他要在這段時(shí)間里作開鉆前的最后安全檢查。
On the rig floor, George asked the driller who was operating the brake handle: “Have you completed to make up the strings for the first spudding?”
鉆臺(tái)上，George問操作剎把的司鉆，道：“一開的鉆具配好了嗎？”
“Two hours ahead of time.” “提前兩小時(shí)就配好了?！?/p>
“The BHA of the first spudding is…?” “一開的鉆具組合是?..？”
“26” bit + 11”float valve + 11” drilling jar + 11”DC + 11” crossover sub + 9”DC + 9” crossover sub + 8”DC + 8” crossover sub + 5 1/2”DP.”
“26”鉆頭+ 11”浮閥+ 11” 隨鉆震擊器+ 11”鉆鋌+ 11”轉(zhuǎn)換接頭+9”鉆鋌+9”轉(zhuǎn)換接頭+8”鉆鋌+8”轉(zhuǎn)換接頭+ 5 1/2”鉆桿。”
“OK.The design depth of first spud is 893m.How many meters of drill pipe have been lifted from the drill box to the pipe rack? “
第三篇：英語實(shí)用簡單口語會(huì)話
謝謝！—— Thank you.多謝?。?Thanks a lot.對(duì)不起，麻煩你?！?Excuse me.抱歉。—— Excuse the mess.需要幫忙嗎？－－Can I help you.謝謝你的幫助。—— Thank you for helping me.無論如何，我還要感謝你?！?Thanks, anyway.您好。－－How are you!
初次見面問好。—— How do you do!
很高興見到你?！?It's)nice to meet you.請(qǐng)問您從哪來。－－Where are you from?
請(qǐng)問貴姓。－－Can I have your name?
我叫...?！?My name is...(I'm...)
很高興認(rèn)識(shí)你。—— It was a pleasure meeting you.很高興見到你?！?Pleased to meet you.希望再見到你?！?Hope to see you again.這是不是說我以后可以再見到你？—— Does that mean that I can see you again?
玩得快樂－－Have a good time.祝你好運(yùn)?！?Good luck.我希望沒事?！?I hope nothing is wrong.怎么了？—— What's the matter?
糟糕，嚴(yán)重嗎？—— Oh, no!Is it serious?
我真為你難過?！?I'm sorry for you.一路平安，走好?！?Have a safe trip home.1.I see． 我明白了。2.I quit!我不干了!3.Let go!放手!4.Me too． 我也是。
5.My god!天哪!6.No way!不行!7.Come on． 來吧(趕快)8.Hold on． 等一等。9.I agree。我同意。10.Not bad． 還不錯(cuò)。11.Not yet． 還沒。12.See you． 再見。13.Shut up!閉嘴!14.So long． 再見。15.Why not? 好呀!(為什么不呢?)16.Allow me． 讓我來。17.Be quiet!安靜點(diǎn)!18.Cheer up!振作起來!19.Good job!做得好!20.Have fun!玩得開心!21.How much? 多少錢? 22.I'm full． 我飽了。23.I'm home．我回來了。24.I'm lost． 我迷路了。25.My treat． 我請(qǐng)客。26.So do I． 我也一樣。27.This way。這邊請(qǐng)。28.After you． 您先。29.Bless you!祝福你!30.Follow me．跟我來。
31.Forget it!休想!(算了!)32.Good luck!祝好運(yùn)!33.I decline!我拒絕!34.I promise． 我保證。35.Of course!當(dāng)然了!36.Slow down!慢點(diǎn)!37.Take care!保重!38.They hurt．(傷口)疼。39.Try again．再試試。40.Watch out!當(dāng)心。41.What's up? 有什么事嗎? 42.Be careful!注意!43.Bottoms up!干杯(見底)!44.Don't move!不許動(dòng)!45.Guess what? 猜猜看? 46.I doubt it 我懷疑。47.I think so． 我也這么想。48.I'm single． 我是單身貴族。49.Keep it up!堅(jiān)持下去!50.Let me see．讓我想想。51.Never mind．不要緊。52.No
probl*!沒問題!53.That's all!就這樣!54.Time is up． 時(shí)間快到了。55.What's new? 有什么新鮮事嗎? 56.Count me on 算上我。57.Don't worry． 別擔(dān)心。58.Feel better? 好點(diǎn)了嗎? 59.I love you!我愛你!60.I'm his fan。我是他的影迷。61.Is it yours? 這是你的嗎? 62.That's neat． 這很好。63.Are you sure? 你肯定嗎? 64.Do l have to 非做不可嗎? 65.He is my age．他和我同歲。66.Here you are． 給你。67.No one knows.沒有人知道。68.Take it easy． 別緊張。69.What a pity!太遺憾了!70.Any thing else? 還要?jiǎng)e的嗎?
71.To be careful!一定要小心!72.Do me a favor? 幫個(gè)忙，好嗎? 73.Help yourself．別客氣。74.I'm on a diet． 我在節(jié)食。75.Keep in Touch． 保持聯(lián)絡(luò)。76.Time is money． 時(shí)間就是金錢。77.Who's calling? 是哪一位? 78.You did right． 你做得對(duì)。79.You set me up!你出賣我!80.Can I help you? 我能幫你嗎? 81.Enjoy yourself!祝你玩得開心!82.Excuse me，Sir． 先生，對(duì)不起。83.Give me a hand!幫幫我!84.How's it going? 怎么樣?85.I have no idea． 我沒有頭緒。86.I just made it!我做到了!87.I'll see to it 我會(huì)留意的。88.I'm in a hurry!我在趕時(shí)間!89.It's her field． 這是她的本行。90.It's up to you． 由你決定。91.Just wonderful!簡直太棒了!92.What about you? 你呢? 93.You owe me one．你欠我一個(gè)人情。94.You're welcome． 不客氣。
95.Any day will do． 哪一天都行夕 96.Are you kidding? 你在開玩笑吧!97.Congratulations!祝賀你!98.T can't help it.我情不自禁。99.I don't mean it.我不是故意的。100.I'll fix you Up．我會(huì)幫你打點(diǎn)的。
第四篇：國賓安全現(xiàn)場會(huì)話 2
成都建工------成都市工業(yè)設(shè)備安裝公司
國賓總部基地項(xiàng)目
安全、文明、綠色施工現(xiàn)場會(huì)匯報(bào)資料
各位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、各位同仁：
大家下午好！
衷心感謝各位在百忙之中抽出寶貴時(shí)間蒞臨國賓總部基地項(xiàng)目工程！特別感謝成都市建設(shè)工程施工安全監(jiān)督站領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對(duì)國賓總部基地項(xiàng)目工程安全工作的指導(dǎo)！
成都市工業(yè)設(shè)備安裝公司具有機(jī)電安裝、房屋建筑、市政公用工程總承包一級(jí)，化工石油工程總承包二級(jí)，消防設(shè)施、建筑智能化施工、機(jī)電設(shè)備安裝、裝飾裝修、防腐保溫、鋼結(jié)構(gòu)工程專業(yè)承包一級(jí)；具有壓力管道、起重設(shè)備、鍋爐、電梯等特種設(shè)備安裝/維修/改造許可證。公司注冊(cè)資本1億元，資產(chǎn)總額11.8億元，年施工能力達(dá)30億元以上；公司開拓全國及國際市場，在云南、天津、北京、貴州、重慶、廣東、海南等地設(shè)置10個(gè)分公司，并參與了北也門、索馬里、巴基斯坦等國家建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的施工，公司先后榮獲“夫蓉杯”、“天府杯”、“蜀安杯”、“中國安裝之星”等優(yōu)質(zhì)工程獎(jiǎng)70項(xiàng)，兩次榮獲“全軍優(yōu)質(zhì)工程”一等獎(jiǎng)，五次榮獲“中國建筑工程魯班獎(jiǎng)”。我代表成都市工業(yè)設(shè)備安裝公司、國賓總部基地項(xiàng)目部對(duì)工程情況作如下三點(diǎn)匯報(bào)：
一、工程概況：
國賓總部基地項(xiàng)目由成都必喜食品有限公司投資建設(shè)、四川飛紅工程管理咨詢有限公司負(fù)責(zé)本工程監(jiān)理，成都市建設(shè)工程施工安全監(jiān)督站安全監(jiān)督，成都市工業(yè)設(shè)備安裝公司總承包。建筑面積140440m2，7棟框剪結(jié)構(gòu)的科研用房，建筑層數(shù)6-15層。2011年11月18日開工，2014年9月20日竣工。
二、從“四節(jié)一環(huán)保”管理出發(fā)，確保安全、文明、綠色施工
（一）制定目標(biāo)如下：
質(zhì)量目標(biāo)：優(yōu)質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)，一次性驗(yàn)收合格；文明工地目標(biāo)：創(chuàng)市安全文明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工地；安全目標(biāo)：重大事故為0，輕傷頻率為小于0.3%;綠色施工目標(biāo)：積極響應(yīng)按照四川省建設(shè)廳、成都市建委對(duì)綠色施工工程的規(guī)范、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、規(guī)程規(guī)定實(shí)施。
（二）、安全、文明、綠色施工組織機(jī)構(gòu)
1）、以公司與項(xiàng)目部相結(jié)合，公司成立安全、文明、綠色施工領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組對(duì)項(xiàng)目部進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)，項(xiàng)目部成立安全、文明、綠色施工實(shí)施小組組織實(shí)施，并設(shè)置專職安全、文明、綠色施工管理員。
2）、項(xiàng)目部明確安全、文明、綠色施工職能分工，明確獎(jiǎng)罰措施，權(quán)、責(zé)、利、相結(jié)合，責(zé)任落實(shí)到人。
（三）安全、文明、綠色施工的管理 成都建工---成都市工業(yè)設(shè)備安裝公司
國賓總部基地項(xiàng)目
在施工中，施工組織設(shè)計(jì)、專項(xiàng)方案、應(yīng)急預(yù)案先行。編制適用本工程的施工組織設(shè)計(jì)、專項(xiàng)施工方案，安全防護(hù)和文明施工計(jì)劃，專項(xiàng)安全施工方案。對(duì)特殊部位的高支模部位的支撐安全防護(hù)進(jìn)行了專家組論證。特別對(duì)安全措施費(fèi)投入方面遵照市建委、市安監(jiān)站的文件規(guī)定要求做到詳細(xì)周密的計(jì)劃全額投入，用于購置安全防護(hù)和勞保用品。本工程搭設(shè)腳手架用的鋼管壁厚、扣件重量，頂托外徑均抽査10件現(xiàn)場檢驗(yàn)合格，防護(hù)用品都作了進(jìn)場質(zhì)量檢查和受力試驗(yàn)，堅(jiān)決杜絕不合格材料入場。確保?？顚Ｓ?。
建立健全項(xiàng)目管理安全生產(chǎn)責(zé)任制，明確目標(biāo)和職責(zé)范圍，嚴(yán)格考核制度。按照市安監(jiān)站安全文明施工圖集，針對(duì)施工環(huán)境特殊和施工現(xiàn)場狹小施工作業(yè)的施工特點(diǎn)，項(xiàng)目領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子對(duì)安全、環(huán)保工作的要求特別重視，誰主管生產(chǎn)，必須親自抓安全，責(zé)任到人，分工明確，把安全生產(chǎn)放在第一位。隨著施工進(jìn)度的不斷進(jìn)行，我們作為總承包單位對(duì)總包管理進(jìn)行了全面細(xì)化，各專業(yè)工種、分包單位簽訂了安全文明施工責(zé)任書。新進(jìn)場的所有員工均進(jìn)行了入場三級(jí)教育、崗前專業(yè)技能和安全操作規(guī)程培訓(xùn)和職業(yè)健康教育，分部分項(xiàng)工程施工前對(duì)分管工長和班組長進(jìn)行書面安全技術(shù)交底并做好記錄和簽字手續(xù)。，做到了先教育、先培訓(xùn)、后上崗，并積極推行班前活動(dòng)。每周組織專項(xiàng)安全檢查，定期召開安全例會(huì)，研究解決問題，總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，克服困難。
三、施工中從以下6個(gè)方面采取措施確保本工程達(dá)到市標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工地
1、員工健康與安全
現(xiàn)場設(shè)立醫(yī)務(wù)室、農(nóng)民工技校、易燃易爆庫房。
2、環(huán)境保護(hù)
在主要出入口、辦公區(qū)設(shè)立環(huán)境保護(hù)標(biāo)識(shí)牌、宣傳牌。建筑垃圾入箱，分類收集。施工作業(yè)區(qū)和辦公區(qū)分離布置。裸土采取塑料布覆蓋減少揚(yáng)塵。產(chǎn)生揚(yáng)塵的施工作業(yè)區(qū)采取遮擋措施。現(xiàn)場進(jìn)出口采用沖洗裝置洗車、降塵。辦公區(qū)廢電池、墨盒、廢紙封閉回收，垃圾裝袋分為“可回收”“可不回收”兩類。木工棚采用封閉式降低噪聲。
3、節(jié)材與材料資源利用
臨時(shí)設(shè)施采用可回收材料。采用落地式和懸挑腳手架。建筑木料合理利用，短木方接長重復(fù)利用，板材下腳料制作后澆帶蓋板、踏步護(hù)角，垃圾箱?；炷潦Ｓ嗔献鲱A(yù)制暗蓋板。辦公用紙分類擺放、紙張雙面使用?，F(xiàn)場臨建設(shè)施、安全通道、防護(hù)欄桿采用定型工具化搭設(shè)，可拆遷、可回收。鋼筋余料制作馬登筋及定位筋。
4、節(jié)水與水資源利用
簽訂勞務(wù)合同時(shí)，將節(jié)水指標(biāo)納入合同條款，專人進(jìn)行用水記錄考核?，F(xiàn)場辦公區(qū)，生活用水與工程用水分別計(jì)量，各棟樓設(shè)置專用水表并建立用水臺(tái)賬?；炷琉B(yǎng)護(hù)采用薄膜覆蓋、蓄水養(yǎng)護(hù)。辦公區(qū)廁所采用節(jié)水器具。
5、節(jié)能與能源利用。
實(shí)行用電計(jì)量管理，控制施工的用電量，辦公區(qū)與施工區(qū)用電分別計(jì)量，各 2 成都建工---成都市工業(yè)設(shè)備安裝公司
國賓總部基地項(xiàng)目
主要耗能設(shè)備嚴(yán)格計(jì)量，收集用電資料，建立節(jié)電統(tǒng)計(jì)臺(tái)帳，提高節(jié)電率。設(shè)立機(jī)械設(shè)備技術(shù)檔案，定期進(jìn)行設(shè)備維護(hù)保養(yǎng)，并有記錄臺(tái)帳。夜間、施工現(xiàn)場采用節(jié)能照明燈和節(jié)能路燈。
6、節(jié)地與土地資源保護(hù)
臨時(shí)設(shè)施按二層設(shè)計(jì)輕鋼活動(dòng)房。勞務(wù)工人無生活住房，在外租住，現(xiàn)場減少臨設(shè)用房。
總之，在本工程整個(gè)施工過程中，我們受到了成都市、金牛區(qū)兩級(jí)安監(jiān)站對(duì)施工現(xiàn)場全過程進(jìn)行全面監(jiān)督管理，集團(tuán)總公司、公司各級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職能部門均定期組織了對(duì)施工質(zhì)量、進(jìn)度和施工現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行安全文明施工進(jìn)行綜合大檢查，對(duì)工程施工安全、環(huán)境保護(hù)、職業(yè)健康、文明施工、揚(yáng)塵治理等各項(xiàng)工作給予了及時(shí)指導(dǎo)和建議，項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理部安全文明施工領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組及時(shí)進(jìn)行檢查、整改、提高、完善。本工程從開工到現(xiàn)在沒發(fā)生過一起安全事故，受到甲方和監(jiān)理單位的好評(píng)。
經(jīng)市、區(qū)安監(jiān)站領(lǐng)導(dǎo)多次蒞臨現(xiàn)場指導(dǎo)，在監(jiān)理單位、建設(shè)單位駐現(xiàn)場檢查指導(dǎo)，公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)高度重視，項(xiàng)目部全體管理人員齊心努力下，本工程在2014年4月5日順利通過市標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工地的現(xiàn)場驗(yàn)收。工程質(zhì)量合格，優(yōu)質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)。
綜上所述，以上成績?nèi)〉门c上級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)關(guān)懷和各位同仁支持是分不開的。我們決心在成績面前不驕傲，困難面前不氣餒，善始善終，優(yōu)質(zhì)保量的完成國賓總部基地項(xiàng)目的施工建設(shè)任務(wù)，為業(yè)主單位交一封滿意答卷。
謝謝大家！
成都市工業(yè)設(shè)備安裝公司
國賓總部基地項(xiàng)目部
2014年4月10日
第五篇：石油工程概論
《石油工程概論》
中國石油大學(xué)（北京）
一、綜述題
1.闡述井身結(jié)構(gòu)的主要內(nèi)容，說出各內(nèi)容所包括的具體知識(shí)，并畫出基本的井深結(jié)構(gòu)圖。知識(shí)點(diǎn)提示：井深結(jié)構(gòu)的主要內(nèi)容包括套管的層次、各層套管下入深度、相應(yīng)的鉆頭直徑、套管外水泥返高等，請(qǐng)?jiān)敿?xì)列出各內(nèi)容所包含的具體內(nèi)容，并畫出簡單的井深結(jié)構(gòu)圖。
答：井身結(jié)構(gòu)是指由直徑、深度和作用各不相同，且均注水泥封固環(huán)形空間而形成的軸心線重合的一組套管與水泥環(huán)的組合。包括井中套管的層數(shù)及各種套管的直徑、下入深度和管外的水泥返深，以及相應(yīng)各井段鉆進(jìn)所用鉆頭直徑。井身結(jié)構(gòu)是鉆井施工設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)。
（一）井身結(jié)構(gòu)的組成及作用
井身結(jié)構(gòu)主要由導(dǎo)管、表層套管、技術(shù)套管、油層套管和各層套管外的水泥環(huán)等組成。
1.導(dǎo)管：井身結(jié)構(gòu)中下入的第一層套管叫導(dǎo)管。其作用是保持井口附近的地表層。
2.表層套管：井身結(jié)構(gòu)中第二層套管叫表層套管，一般為幾十至幾百米。下入后，用水泥漿固井返至地面。其作用是封隔上部不穩(wěn)定的松軟地層和水層。
3.技術(shù)套管：表層套管與油層套管之間的套管叫技術(shù)套管。是鉆井中途遇到高壓油氣水層、漏失層和坍塌層等復(fù)雜地層時(shí)為鉆至目的地層而下的套管，其層次由復(fù)雜層的多少而定。作用是封隔難以控制的復(fù)雜地層，保持鉆井工作順利進(jìn)行。
4.油層套管：井身結(jié)構(gòu)中最內(nèi)的一層套管叫油層套管。油層套管的下入深度取決于油井的完鉆深度和完井方法。一般要求固井水泥返至最上部油氣層頂部100～150米。其作用封隔油氣水層，建立一條供長期開采油氣的通道。
5.水泥返高：是指固井時(shí)，水泥漿沿套管與井壁之間和環(huán)形空間上返面到轉(zhuǎn)盤平面之間的距離
（二）相關(guān)名詞及術(shù)語
1.完鉆井深：從轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)盤上平面到鉆井完成時(shí)鉆頭所鉆井的最后位置之間的距離。
2.套管深度：從轉(zhuǎn)盤上平面到套管鞋的深度。
3.人工井底：鉆井或試油時(shí)，在套管內(nèi)留下的水泥塞面叫人工井底。其深度是從轉(zhuǎn)盤上平面到人工井底之間的距離。
4.水泥塞：從完鉆井底至人工井底的水泥柱。
2002年12月29日，渤海四號(hào)平臺(tái)在印尼SURABAYA海域KE38-1井的12-1/4”井眼鉆進(jìn)作業(yè)中，鉆至井深4169ft。此時(shí)正好35柱鉆桿鉆完，劃眼過程中各種參數(shù)正常。17:54停泵，開始接立柱，17:59分立柱接完后，井口兩名鉆工提出卡瓦。18:00開泵泵入稠泥漿，當(dāng)?shù)劂@工KAREL在蓋轉(zhuǎn)盤鉆桿防磨板時(shí)發(fā)生井噴，轉(zhuǎn)盤小補(bǔ)芯和鉆桿防磨板瞬時(shí)飛出，領(lǐng)班立即停泵，關(guān)閉上閘板防噴器，發(fā)出警報(bào)。觀察套壓，1400psi，鉆桿壓力0psi（鉆具內(nèi)有單流閥）。隨后進(jìn)行壓井作業(yè)。于此同時(shí)，電器人員切掉鉆臺(tái)附近電源，機(jī)艙啟動(dòng)消防泵，平臺(tái)進(jìn)入井噴應(yīng)急狀態(tài)。經(jīng)提高壓井泥漿比重從8.5PPG至9.4PPG將井壓住，恢復(fù)作業(yè)。
危害：某鉆工的右手掌被飛出的轉(zhuǎn)盤小補(bǔ)芯擊傷。事故原因：
1、預(yù)計(jì)高滲地層提前500ft，未預(yù)測到存在高壓層；
2、直至接立柱前的鉆進(jìn)中未發(fā)現(xiàn)任何井涌顯示，使人員產(chǎn)生麻痹；
3、泥漿比重偏低，8.5至10.1PPG；
4、氣測人員發(fā)現(xiàn)異常，但沒有通知鉆臺(tái)和監(jiān)督；
5、接立柱時(shí)由于停泵后，返出流量計(jì)被堆積巖屑?jí)|高，不能回零，因此給溢流的判斷造成失誤。
6、轉(zhuǎn)盤小補(bǔ)芯沒有鎖銷,造成被強(qiáng)大的井噴流體頂出。
造成的危害：延誤工期，并且某鉆工的右手掌被飛出的轉(zhuǎn)盤小補(bǔ)芯擊傷。預(yù)防措施：
1、經(jīng)常調(diào)校井口返出流量計(jì)，避免判斷失誤；
2、提高人員的井控意識(shí)，接立柱時(shí)安排專人觀察井口返出，增強(qiáng)防范手段；
3、要求氣測人員將鉆井參數(shù)的異常變化及時(shí)通知鉆臺(tái)；
4、在平臺(tái)范圍內(nèi)展開學(xué)習(xí)討論，同時(shí)加強(qiáng)井噴應(yīng)急程序的訓(xùn)練。
中國石油的二次開發(fā)是一項(xiàng)戰(zhàn)略性的系統(tǒng)工程,是“油田開發(fā)史上的一場革命”,是近期主要任務(wù)之一。經(jīng)初步研究,中國石油二次開發(fā)一期工程預(yù)計(jì)增加可采儲(chǔ)量9.1億噸。所謂油田二次開發(fā),是指當(dāng)油田按照傳統(tǒng)方式開發(fā)基本達(dá)到極限狀態(tài)或已接近棄置的條件時(shí),采用全新的概念和新的“三重”技術(shù)路線,對(duì)老油田實(shí)施二次開發(fā),重新構(gòu)建油田新的開發(fā)體系,實(shí)施再開發(fā),大幅度提高油田最終
采收率,最大限度地獲取地下油氣資源,并實(shí)現(xiàn)安全、環(huán)保、節(jié)能、高效開發(fā)。
簡言之,二次開發(fā)的對(duì)象是“老油田”,條件是“傳統(tǒng)的方式開發(fā)基本達(dá)到極限狀態(tài)或已接近棄置的油田”,觀念是“全新的”開發(fā)觀念,中心工作是“重新構(gòu)建油田新的開發(fā)體系”,目的是“大幅度提高油田最終采收率”,最大限度地獲取地下油氣資源,效果體現(xiàn)在“安全、環(huán)保、節(jié)能、高效開發(fā)”上。老油田二次開發(fā)的根本宗旨是建設(shè)“科技油田、綠色油田、和諧油田”,其思路也可以擴(kuò)展到老氣田上
二次開發(fā)與傳統(tǒng)的開發(fā)相比，其最大變化和最大難點(diǎn)，就是要面對(duì)已開發(fā)了20年以上的老油田，而這些油田剩余油高度分散，油水關(guān)系及其復(fù)雜，總體上表現(xiàn)出“兩低”、“雙高”和“多井低產(chǎn)”的極難特點(diǎn)。要采用不同于傳統(tǒng)的開發(fā)理念，才能走出油田開發(fā)的新路。
遼河、克拉瑪依、玉門等油田“二次開發(fā)試點(diǎn)”的初步成果表明:二次開發(fā)可在老油田分批次逐步推廣,是老油田再生的一條全新出路;二次開發(fā)可以創(chuàng)造可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。初步預(yù)測中國石油二次開發(fā)一期工程可增加可采儲(chǔ)量9.1億噸(約合66.43億桶),按油價(jià)80美元/桶計(jì)算,可實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)值41608億元;按照2006年的納稅方法計(jì)算,可為國家創(chuàng)造稅收18376億元。
“二次開發(fā)”還可以從根本上改變目前老油田的開發(fā)面貌，提高采收率并創(chuàng)造巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值，是當(dāng)前中國石油油田開發(fā)的一項(xiàng)戰(zhàn)略性的舉措，同時(shí)，也是一項(xiàng)戰(zhàn)略性的系統(tǒng)工程，對(duì)于中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)“小康社會(huì)”目標(biāo)，極具資源保障的戰(zhàn)略意義。老油田是個(gè)寶，老油田“煥發(fā)青春”是當(dāng)今國際石油行業(yè)的熱門課題，國外公司在老油田的投入約占開發(fā)投資的70％以上，以實(shí)現(xiàn)老油田的長時(shí)間可持續(xù)開發(fā)。老油田采收率超過70%已經(jīng)不是神話，大慶油田、峽灣油田、克恩河油田已經(jīng)接近證實(shí)。
石油工程學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)是十九世紀(jì)九十年代在加利福尼亞建立的。當(dāng)?shù)仄赣昧艘恍┑刭|(zhì)學(xué)家來探查每口油井中產(chǎn)油區(qū)與水區(qū)之間的聯(lián)系，目的是防止外部水進(jìn)入產(chǎn)油區(qū)。從這時(shí)開始，人們認(rèn)識(shí)到了在油田開發(fā)中應(yīng)用技術(shù)的潛力?！懊绹傻V與冶金工程師學(xué)會(huì)”(AIME)于1914年成立了石油技術(shù)委員會(huì)。1957年，AIME改名為“美國采礦、冶金和石油工程師學(xué)會(huì)”。石油工程是對(duì)石油資源進(jìn)行開發(fā)、使用、研究的一種系列工程，主要針對(duì)油氣田的工程建設(shè)，如油氣鉆井工程、采
油工程、油藏工程等，下面就三大工程談一下自己的認(rèn)識(shí)。
一、對(duì)鉆井工程的認(rèn)識(shí)
鉆井是石油工業(yè)的龍頭，鉆井工程是油氣勘探開發(fā)的主要手段，鉆井工程的實(shí)施對(duì)于油氣勘探開發(fā)的成敗起著決定性的作用。作為勘探開發(fā)的重要一環(huán)，合理的鉆井工藝、適用的鉆井技術(shù)和完井方法是提高油氣勘探成功率、發(fā)現(xiàn)油氣田、提高產(chǎn)量、提高采收率，推動(dòng)并實(shí)現(xiàn)油氣田勘探開發(fā)經(jīng)濟(jì)目標(biāo)的重要保證。
（一）石油鉆井是指利用專業(yè)設(shè)備和技術(shù)，在預(yù)先選定的地表位置處，向下或一側(cè)鉆出一定直徑的孔眼，一直達(dá)到地下油氣層的工作。
（二）從鉆井發(fā)展過程來看，鉆井方式主要有四種：人工掘井、人工沖擊鉆、機(jī)械頓鉆、旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆。
（三）鉆井施工工序主要包括：鉆前施工、鉆井施工、完井施工。
（四）鉆井新技術(shù)主要包括：
1、定向井、水平井、大位移井技術(shù)；
2、分枝井技術(shù)；
3、深井、超深井、特超深井；
4、深海鉆井；
5、欠平衡鉆井技術(shù)；
6、小井眼鉆井技術(shù)；
7、地質(zhì)導(dǎo)向鉆井技術(shù)；
8、撓性連續(xù)管鉆井技術(shù)；
二、對(duì)采油工程的認(rèn)識(shí)
采油工程是油田開采過程中根據(jù)開發(fā)目標(biāo)通過生產(chǎn)井和注入井對(duì)油藏采取的各項(xiàng)工程技術(shù)措施的總稱。它所研究的是以提高油井產(chǎn)量和原油采收率的各項(xiàng)工程技術(shù)措施的理論、工程設(shè)計(jì)方法及實(shí)施技術(shù)。
采油工程的任務(wù)是通過一系列可作用于油藏的工程技術(shù)措施，使油、氣流入井底，并高效率地將其舉升到地面進(jìn)行分離和計(jì)量，其目的是經(jīng)濟(jì)有效地提高油井產(chǎn)量和原油采收率。
采油方法是指將流入井底的原油采到地面所采用的工藝方法和方式。采油方法分為自噴采油和人工舉升采油。
自噴采油是利用油層本身的能量將原油舉升到地面的方式。人工舉升采油主要包括：氣舉采油、有桿泵采油和無桿泵采油氣舉采油是利用從地面向井筒注入高壓氣體，將原油舉升至地面的一種人工舉升方式，該方式主要適用于高產(chǎn)量的深井、油氣比高的油井、定向井和水平井。有桿泵采油：由抽油機(jī)、抽油桿、抽油泵和其它附件組成。抽油機(jī)包括游梁式抽油機(jī)和無游梁式抽油機(jī)兩種。其工作原理是：工作時(shí)動(dòng)力設(shè)備將高速旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)通過減速箱傳遞給曲柄，帶動(dòng)曲柄低速旋轉(zhuǎn)，曲柄通過連桿帶動(dòng)游梁作上下擺動(dòng)，掛在驢頭上的懸繩器通過抽油桿帶動(dòng)井下深井泵作上下往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)，把原油抽到地面。
無桿泵采油：電潛泵電動(dòng)機(jī)和泵一起下入油井內(nèi)液面以下進(jìn)行抽油的井下采油設(shè)備。增產(chǎn)措施：水力壓裂、酸化、酸化壓裂。水力壓裂是用壓力將地層壓開一條或幾條水平的或垂直的裂縫，并用支撐劑將裂縫支撐起來，減少油氣的流動(dòng)阻力，溝通油、氣、水的流動(dòng)通道，從而達(dá)到增產(chǎn)增注的目的；酸化是利用酸液溶解巖石中的所含鹽類物質(zhì)的特性，擴(kuò)大近井地帶油層的孔隙度，提高地層滲透率，改善油氣流動(dòng)狀況，以增加油氣產(chǎn)量的一種增產(chǎn)措施；酸化壓裂是依靠酸液對(duì)裂縫壁面的不均勻溶蝕產(chǎn)生的一定導(dǎo)流能力。
三、對(duì)油藏工程的認(rèn)識(shí)
油藏工程的主要內(nèi)容：研究油藏內(nèi)流體性質(zhì)和流體運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律的方法。一般包括油層物理、油氣層滲流力學(xué)、試井解釋、數(shù)值模擬、油藏動(dòng)態(tài)分析方法等。主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面：開發(fā)方案設(shè)計(jì)、水驅(qū)油理論基礎(chǔ)、開發(fā)動(dòng)態(tài)分析、油藏動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測與調(diào)整。最后，石油工程專業(yè)就業(yè)前景堪為樂觀。石油作為一種重要的能源，可以說是現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)的血液。我國是石油消費(fèi)大國，同時(shí)又是世界排名第五的石油生產(chǎn)大國。石油工業(yè)作為一種基礎(chǔ)工業(yè)，需要大量的技術(shù)人才。石油生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域具有科技含量高、技術(shù)性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)。隨著生產(chǎn)的發(fā)展和石油企業(yè)人員的不斷更新，在石油生產(chǎn)管理與技術(shù)應(yīng)用方面，將需要大量的具有較高科學(xué)文化素質(zhì)和職業(yè)技能的高級(jí)技術(shù)應(yīng)用型人才，所以我要學(xué)好石油工程各項(xiàng)技術(shù)，更好為我國油氣田發(fā)展做出自己的貢獻(xiàn)。
點(diǎn)擊咨詢 