第一篇:廣東高考英語(yǔ)卷基礎(chǔ)寫作指導(dǎo)
廣東高考英語(yǔ)卷基礎(chǔ)寫作指導(dǎo)(系列1)
第一講 記敘文:如何寫人
一、寫作指導(dǎo)
高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)寫作中的寫人側(cè)重人物的介紹,可以用第一人稱(如寫求職信),也可以用第三人稱,時(shí)態(tài)常常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí),具體的人稱和時(shí)態(tài)要依據(jù)寫作的要求來確定。寫作過程中要注意以下幾個(gè)方面的問題:
1.人物寫作通常需要介紹人物的姓名、年齡、外貌、學(xué)歷、經(jīng)歷、專業(yè)、愛好、特長(zhǎng)、事跡、性格等多個(gè)方面,但英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)寫作需要嚴(yán)格按照寫作要求來寫,包括所給的全部信息點(diǎn),既不能遺漏,也不能隨意添加。
2.對(duì)題目所給的信息要進(jìn)行適當(dāng)重組,安排好寫作順序,突出重點(diǎn)信息。重點(diǎn)信息通常是寫作的目的所在,比如求職要重點(diǎn)突出學(xué)歷、經(jīng)歷,新聞報(bào)道要重點(diǎn)突出事跡,介紹自己的老師、朋友要突出他們的特點(diǎn),等等。
3.正確運(yùn)用描寫人物的詞匯和句型。
4.注意運(yùn)用正確的時(shí)態(tài)。描寫人物的外貌、性格、興趣等常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而描寫人物的出生、教育背景、經(jīng)歷、事跡常用一般過去時(shí)。
二、常用詞語(yǔ)
外貌特征:
beautiful, big nose, black eyes,fat, good-looking,handsome, healthy, near-sighted,ordinary-looking,pretty,short,strong, tall,thin, with a big nose, with a big smile, white-haired,1.80 metres tall, etc.性格特點(diǎn):
absent-minded, attractive,bad-tempered,be ready to help others, bright,charming,confident, diligent,friendly, generous, have a good temper, humorous,independent, kind, kind-hearted,lazy,narrow-minded, naughty,patient,think of others, smart,talkative,warm-hearted,wise,etc.出生年齡:
a twenty-five-year-old young man, as a boy of 15, at the age of 20, be born on February 12th, 1987 , during his childhood, in one's fifties, live a happy/ hard life, spend his childhood in the countryside, the son of a poor family, when he was a small boy, etc.興趣愛好:
be angry with sb for sth, be angry about, be delighted in doing, be good at singing, be interested in English, be fond of music, be crazy about, be pleased with, be sick for, be sorry for, be strict in one's work, be worried about, do well in his research work, ,enjoy doing, expect to do, feel surprised at, have a strong desire to do, look forward to doing sth., long for(long to do), make rapid progress in, put one's heart into, take a pleasure in doing;wish to do, work hard at his studies, etc.教育背景:
be admitted to Beijing University, be enrolled in, fail in the test,a master's degree, get on well with one's lessons, give sb.a passing grade,,go abroad to further one's study, graduate from Physics Department of Qinghua University, his father was very strict with him, lay a good foundation in English, major in history, receive a doctor's degree, pass the examination, study hard at, take several courses at school, take an active part in classwhen at college, etc.經(jīng)歷事跡:
become a member of the team, concentrate oneself to doing sth., devote oneself to one's business, do sth with great determination and perseverance, do research into this field, encourage sb to do sth, fight for our revolutionary course, give up one's life for sth, have a good way of doing sth, have a talent for language, make up one's mind to do sth., overcome many difficulties, receive the Nobel Prize for physics, serve as nurse, set a new world record of 110 metre hurdling, try one's best to do sth., win the first prize in the competition, win a gold /silver/ bronze medal, etc.他人評(píng)價(jià):
an inspiring leader, a model worker, an advanced teacher, be respected by all his students, be honored as, be considered as, be famous/known as, be regarded as, his hard work brought him great success, make great contributions to our country, one of the most important persons in the past ten years, consider sb.as a genius, consider sb.as the greatest leader, set a good example for all of us, speak highly of him, etc.參考范文:
Dear Manager,I am writing you a letter in order to apply for a position in your company.My name is Li Hua and I was born in Foshan City of Guangdong Province in August 1981.I studied in Foshan No.1 Middle School from 1994-2000, and then I came to study in the Computer Department of Guangzhou University for four years.I studiedcomputer science, Chinese, maths, English, P.E,and now I am working for a computer company.I like pop music and swimming very much, and I once won the first prize for swimming in the school competition.I am waiting for your reply.Thank you
Yours Truely
Li Hua
參考例文:
Hi, everyone.I would like to introduce two famous sport stars, Yao Ming and Liu Xiang.Yao Ming, born in Shanghai in 1980, is a world famous basketball player.He is now one of the best players in Team Rocket in NBA, and he has been in All-Star Team for several times.Liu Xiang, who was also born in Shanghai but three years younger than Yao Ming, is a world champion in the 110-metre hurdls.He won the first prize in the Athens Olympic Games and broke the world record soon after that.Both of them love music, but Yao Ming likes listening to pop music while Liu Xiang likes singing.參考范文
1.Li Ming, the monitor of Class 1 Grade 2, is healthy and lively.She does well in all her subjects, and she is fond of sports, singing and dancing.When she came to school, she had quite a lot of difficulties with the language, but with great efforts she made a lot of progress in her English language study.In 2006 she took part in the National Physics Olympic Competition and won the first prize.Li Ming is very strict with herself in her work and daily life,and is always ready to help other people.2.請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的英文短詩(shī),展開適當(dāng)?shù)南胂?,寫一篇短文。?biāo)題為:My Teacher Mr.Moore
There's a teacher Mr.Moore.Who is lovely and thirty-four.Always encouraging us to try.He leads us to a world of “why”.We all admire him more and more.要求:1.不得照抄短詩(shī)原文。
2.必須突出短詩(shī)的主題,結(jié)構(gòu)完整,語(yǔ)意連貫。3.短文不能寫成詩(shī)歌形式。
4.只能使用價(jià)值個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部的內(nèi)容。
廣東高考英語(yǔ)卷基礎(chǔ)寫作指導(dǎo)(系列2)
高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)寫作指導(dǎo)(II)
第二講 記敘文:如何敘事?
一、寫作指導(dǎo)
敘事類記敘文通常要將時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因和結(jié)果等六個(gè)要素交代清楚。好的記敘文具有描述事件具體、人物逼真形象、故事生動(dòng)感人、材料表現(xiàn)中心和寫作主旨明確等特征。高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)寫作中的敘事類短文也需要具有記敘文寫作的一般特點(diǎn),但要求相對(duì)比較低,其考查重點(diǎn)在語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用正確、句子連貫通順、信息點(diǎn)表述完整等方面。寫作時(shí)要注意以下幾個(gè)方面的問題:
1.嚴(yán)格按照基礎(chǔ)寫作的要求完成各個(gè)信息點(diǎn),不要為了文章的生動(dòng)而隨意添加信息。
2.信息點(diǎn)的表述不要完全按照題目所給的順序,要適當(dāng)重組信息點(diǎn)。
3.記敘文寫作的時(shí)態(tài)多數(shù)是用一般過去時(shí),但也要注意靈活運(yùn)用其它時(shí)態(tài)。
4.敘事類記敘文的話題通常和中學(xué)生的生活閱歷有關(guān),如校園生活、旅游、交通、交友等,平時(shí)要注意積累這些方面的詞匯和短語(yǔ)。
二、常用語(yǔ)句
1.表達(dá)時(shí)間
a long time ago, at six o'clock in the morning, at the end of, at the weekend, before he came here, by the end of last term, during the summer holidays, in a few years' time, in the past, in the old days, in the past ten years, in August 2002, in winter vacation, in weekdays, last month, next week, on Sunday morning, on October 1st, since early in the 20th century, so far, up to now, not...until, while , etc.2.表達(dá)地點(diǎn)
at the crossing, at the end of the street, at the airport, at the village, at the foot of the mountain, at the bottom, at the top of, be located in, behind the park, be situated in, five kilometers to the north of Guangzhou, in the south of Guangdong Province, in the middle of the park, in Class 3 Grade 2, in the front of the bus, in front of the bus, in the tree, in Guangdong, in China, lies to the west of Sichuan, onthe other side of the street, on both sides of the road,on the east coast of the Pacific Ocean ,on the right, etc.3.表達(dá)因果
as, as a result, because, because of, for, in the end, cause, result in, consequently, originate from, since, so, therefore, It is clear that..., It turns out to be..., The primary reason is..., etc.4.事件話題
(1)學(xué)校生活及學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)
be active in class, be interested in, be interesting to sb., be fond of, be good at ,be poor at , be tired of one's work, be weak in, do one's homework, do sports after school,do well in;education for all-round development(素質(zhì)教育), examination-oriented education system(應(yīng)試教育), fail in the test, get a doctor's degree, get on well with English, get an “A” in the exam, get 90 marks for English, give sb.a passing grade, have a good command of the language, have eight classes every day, help with each other, lay a good foundation in, learn...by heart, major in history, make friends with sb., make progress in, put one's heart into, pass the examination, study in groups, succeed in doing sth., take an active part in the activity,take several courses at school, work out a problem, work on a maths problem , work hard at, etc.(2)師生關(guān)系及其活動(dòng)
be friendly to sb., be kind to sb, be a strict teacher, be strict with one's pupils, be strict in one's work, be satisfied with , blame sb.for sth, correct the students' homework carefully, devote all one's time to work, form a good habit of, get on wellwith sb, give advice on, give sb a lot of work , help sb with sth, make one's lessonslively and interesting, praise sb for sth., prepare for tomorrow's lesson, question sb on, teach sb.English , teach sb how to do sth., etc.(3)課余活動(dòng)及周末生活
do some reading, enjoy a family trip, enjoy doing sth., go swimming, go for an outing, go to the cinema, have an outing at the seashore, have a swim, have dances on weekends, have a picnic at the weekend, have a party, hold a sports meeting, Internet bar, net friend, online love affair(網(wǎng)戀), play the piano, play chess(basketball), see the sights of Beijing, spend one's time in many different ways, teach in a family, etc.(4)交通情況
a big traffic jam, a traffic accident, be very crowded in the street, be seriously injured, by bus(train / ship / boat), drive a car, flight No.2130, in a small boat, give sb.a lift, keep right, lie on the street, meet sb.at the station, on the bus(train),on board, on one's way to London, on the journey, one way only , pick up sb., ride a bike, ride a horse , see sb.off at the airport, self-service ticket , take a flight to New York, traffic light, travel through China, turn right, etc.(5)度假旅游
New Year's Day, Women's Day, May Day, Youth Day, Children's Day, Teachers' Day, Mid-Autumn Day, National Day, valentine's Day, the Spring Festival, a hot spot, a place of interest, a tourist destination, a five-star hotel, a good restaurant, a return ticket, a single ticket, a city with a long history, a quiet village, a three-day tour, an experienced guide, Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, beautiful scenery, in peak tourist seasons, natural attraction, on one's way to France, on the back way , one of the great wonders of the world, spend one's holidays on the sea , the 11th Asian Games, travel agency, the tour route, the inner-ring road, travel to England, the Great Wall , the Summer Place , Zhongshan Park , etc.(6)環(huán)境保護(hù)
a good environment, area pollution, air pollution, air quality standard, Antarctic Circle, atmospheric chemistry, a heavy rain, a heavy snow, be polluted, be hot, be cold, be cool, be cloudy, be rainy, be sunny, be flooded, climate, carbon dioxide(CO2), chemical change, chemical cleaning of coal, climate change, dirty, drought, dry, flood, early warning system, environmental behavior, environmental quality, feel comfortable, global warming, minus 20 degrees centigrade(-20°), 30 degrees above zero(30°),sea level, warning center, wastes, water surface , water treatment, water pollution control, weather, windstorm , etc.三、典型例文
參考范文:
Dear Jane,I am very glad to tell you something about our school, Guangdong No.3 Middle school.It lies in a small town about 15 kilometres away from the sea and it has a history of over 80 years.Our school, covering an area of nearly 150 thousand square meters, has more than 200 teachers and 3000 senior students It has three teaching buildings and six dormitory buildings, with many flowers and tall trees all around, so it's very beautiful.In our school we learn Chinese, maths, science, English, computer,PE, arts and some other subjects.We warmly welcome you to visit our school in the summer holidays.Best wishes.Yours sincerely,Li Hua
參考范文:
A brief Introduction of the Chinese Spring Festival
The Chinese Spring Festival comes on the first day of the Chinese Lunar Year, which is usually in February.There is a name for each year, such as the dog, the monkey, the tiger or one of the twelve animals, and this year is the year of the pig.Before the New Year's Day, the Chinese people usually give their houses a good cleaning and on the last evening of the old year, all the members of a family will get together and have a big meal.On the first or second day of the new year, peopleusually go to visit their relatives and friends and give some lucky money to children.I wish you have a good time during the Spring Festival.參考范文
1.On July 27th 2007, Friday, we 18 classmates, including John from Britain, Sinba from India and Keith from the USA, went to Lee Farm to help the farmers.We started off at 8 o'clock in the morning, and after an hour's ride on the bus, we walked for another 15 minutes.Lee Farm is about 60 kilometres northwest to our school.A few days ago it was hit by a strong tornado, and many apples were blown onto the ground, so we helped to pick up the apples and put the good ones in the baskets.We felt very tired after the work, but all of us thought it was a great help to the farmers.2.Last Wednesday I gave a lecture about China's culture and history to the 7th students from 9-11:30 in the morning.This is the first time I gave a lesson, so I felt very nervous and great pressure.I presented for one and a half hours, introducing from the dynasties in ancient times to the revolutionary in recent times, but I spent a lot more time on present China, the renovation, the open policy and the economic development.In the following hour we exchanged ideas and had a good discussion, but I was sorry to find that they knew little about China and raised a lot of strange questions.I think we need more cultural exchange of this kind, because we can get more practice and the foreign students can understand more about China.廣東高考英語(yǔ)卷基礎(chǔ)寫作指導(dǎo)(系列3)第三講 如何寫圖表類說明文
一、寫作指導(dǎo)
圖表類作文一直是高考的熱點(diǎn),其體裁可以是記敘文、議論文或說明文。本篇介紹如何備考圖表類說明文。
圖表類說明文要求根據(jù)圖示、表格等所給的信息,通過定義、描述、數(shù)字對(duì)比和分類比較等方式,介紹圖表所顯示對(duì)象的特征,如形狀、構(gòu)造、性質(zhì)、變化、功能、因果和方位等。圖表類說明文常見的話題有:產(chǎn)品介紹、地點(diǎn)描述、方位描寫、觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比、變化分析、購(gòu)物指南和操作說明等。寫作這類文章需注意以下幾點(diǎn):
1. 正確解讀表格,不能添加或遺漏信息。
2. 寫作內(nèi)容要條理清楚,層次分明。說明科技方面的內(nèi)容常用定義法、比較對(duì)比法、分類法和因果法等;說明自然環(huán)境方面的內(nèi)容常用時(shí)空次序法與分類法等。
3. 說明文的語(yǔ)言要簡(jiǎn)練,用詞要準(zhǔn)確,避免夸張華麗的辭藻。
4. 時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),語(yǔ)態(tài)常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),有時(shí)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
二、常用句型
1.介紹產(chǎn)品
The company has modern equipment and lots of senior experts.This kind of product contains much top and new technique.It's convenient to carry and easy to operate.It's about six feet long and nine feet high.It cost me 100 yuan to buy this dictionary.2.介紹學(xué)校
There were many subjects in our school, such as Chinese, history, drawing and so forth.Our school is located at the foot of a green hill.In the middle of the flower bed there is a fountain with many colored flowers around it.In front of the school is a beautiful garden with a library on its left and a laboratory on its right.At the back of the school are the students' dormitory and the dinning-hall, in front of which lies the large sports field.The teacher's dormitory stands between the teaching building and the students' dormitory.3. 行路指引
It is not very difficult to find your way from the Dongfang Hotel to the railway station.When you get out of the station, turn left and walk down the street until you see the traffic lights.Turn right at the third turning, and you will see a post office at the corner.Go eastward and you will see the museum opposite to the library.Bus No.2 will take you right there.It will take you about 10 minutes to get there by subway.4. 介紹地方
Tiananmen Square, the largest square in the world, covers an area of one million square metres.Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, lies in the south of China.It has an area of 10,000 square kilometers with a population of over 2 million.It is rich in natural sources, such as coal, oil and gold.The weather is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer.Built in the18th century, the tower has witnessed too much coming and going in history.5. 新舊對(duì)比
Our hometown used to be a beautiful place, with thick trees and green grass everywhere.Nowadays some students cannot go to college because of high tuition fees.Great changes have taken place in the past few years.It is known to us all that the living standard of the Chinese people has greatly improved.In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in the past.6. 數(shù)量表達(dá)
Output is up 30% last year.Unemployment more than doubled in 1996.The population here is increasing year by year.According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.From the table we can see that the world population is increasing rapidly.The latest survey shows that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provides them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.Statistics show a 20% rise(reduction)in traffic accidents compared with last year.Bicycle can't be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.三、實(shí)例分析
【例文1】父母為子女選擇小學(xué)的情況調(diào)查
最近學(xué)校研究性學(xué)習(xí)小組對(duì)3000多名年輕的父母做了一個(gè)調(diào)查,調(diào)查主題、結(jié)果等內(nèi)容如下表所示,請(qǐng)用英文給校英文廣播站寫一篇簡(jiǎn)介,介紹調(diào)查的情況。
寫作要求:
1. 簡(jiǎn)介必須包括圖表所給的全部?jī)?nèi)容;
2. 只能使用5個(gè)句子。
參考范文:
Recently a survey was done to investigate what parents care most in choosing primary schools.The survey shows that location is the key factor in choosing schools for their children-half of those interviewed said that being close to their homes was the most important factor in their choice.Teaching quality came second, with nearly 40% of the parents worrying about their children's future career.The survey also shows that one-tenth of them expect that schools have advanced facilities.More than 3,000 parents were surveyed in the research.【例文 2】樓盤介紹
假設(shè)暑假你到某樓盤打工,正好有幾名外國(guó)客人想買一套公寓樓,公寓樓及其周邊的一些基本信息如下。請(qǐng)書面用英文向這幾位客人介紹一下這套公寓樓。
寫作要求:
1. 簡(jiǎn)介必須包括圖表所給的全部?jī)?nèi)容;
2. 只能使用5個(gè)句子。
3. 參考詞匯:公寓樓 apartment 公寓單間 flat
參考范文:
The flat has 110 square metres, with one sitting-room, three bedrooms, one bathroom and one kitchen.Facing south, it is quite bright in the rooms at daytime.Not far away from the apartment there is a supermarket, a clinic, a kindergarten and a bus-stop.The bus can access the subway directly.The price for the flat is about 6000RMB per square metre.四、即時(shí)訓(xùn)練
【練習(xí)1】簡(jiǎn)介我國(guó)高等教育的發(fā)展情況
假設(shè)你在政府部門見習(xí),請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下圖標(biāo)的信息,向幾位到訪外國(guó)客人詢問你所在城市的教育發(fā)Z展情況。
寫作要求:
1. 簡(jiǎn)介必須包括圖標(biāo)所給的全部?jī)?nèi)容;
2. 只能使用5個(gè)句子。
3. 參考詞匯:打基礎(chǔ) lay foundation
改革開放 reform and opening up 【練習(xí)2】中學(xué)生使用媒體情況調(diào)查
假設(shè)你參加了一個(gè)網(wǎng)上國(guó)際中學(xué)生調(diào)查項(xiàng)目,調(diào)查13-20歲的年青人每周使用媒體的時(shí)間情況。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的圖表信息,用英文寫一篇簡(jiǎn)介。
寫作要求:
1. 簡(jiǎn)介必須包括圖標(biāo)所給的全部?jī)?nèi)容;
2. 只能使用5個(gè)句子。
參考范文
練習(xí)1
As we can see from the chart, our city's education is developing very fast.There were only about one thousand students when New China was founded in 1949, and ten thousand in 1978, while the number reached eighty thousand in 2007.Several factors have contributed to the quick development.Firstly, the rapid economic development in our city, especially during the thirty years of reform and opening up, has laid a sound foundation.Secondly, the government has been trying hard to encourage the development of education, and thirdly, most people have begun to realize the importance of education.練習(xí)2
Recently we did a surway about media consumption by teens and young adults in their spare time.According to the research, teens and young adults consume many different types of media, but the Internet surpasses them all in the amount of time spent.Most of the students spend ten hours in an average week, and watching TV comes second, with five hours.The other ways of time spent are as follows: four hours reading newspapers and magazines, three hours talking on the phone and two hours listening to the radio.It's a pity that they only spend one hour in reviewing textbooks in their free time.??
第二篇:廣東高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)寫作技巧指導(dǎo)(經(jīng)典)
廣東高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)寫作訓(xùn)練技巧指導(dǎo)
一、寫作的基本要求
1、信息完整(所寫的文章中一定要包含所有的寫作內(nèi)容)
2、不超過5句話(句子的復(fù)雜性,多使用從句,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和連詞及一些復(fù)雜的句型)
3、內(nèi)容清楚連貫,邏輯性強(qiáng)(使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞,使文章連貫)
4、盡量減免語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤
二、寫作技巧以及順序
A.通篇瀏覽,把握整體。瀏覽文章信息,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行處理,將其分割成五句話,做到哪句話包含哪些信息心中有數(shù)。
B.集中兵力,逐個(gè)擊破。在第一步的基礎(chǔ)上,把五個(gè)句子逐一寫清楚,包含所需信息。在組織句子時(shí)注意以下幾點(diǎn):
1.一個(gè)句子首先要找清楚主謂賓,然后想辦法拓展這句話,把其它的信息加進(jìn)去。
2.一個(gè)句子有且僅有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)(并列謂語(yǔ))。
3.將多個(gè)句子并到一起,并且要做到只有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)的話,有3種方法:
1)使用各種連詞。
More than 50% of the students in China are short-sighted and it ranks the first in the world.句中用到and連接2個(gè)并列簡(jiǎn)單句,前后都可保留謂語(yǔ),順利將2句變成一句。
連詞包括具有遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的并列句,如由and,then,besides,in addition, furthermore,moreover, what’s more等連接的并列句,具有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句,如由but,however,on the contrary, after all等連接的并列句,具有平行選擇關(guān)系的并列句,如由both…and…,as well as,as well,neither…nor…or,either…or…,not only…but also…等連接的并列句。
2)使用從句。包括含有名詞性從句的復(fù)合句,含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句,含有狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。
More than 50% of the students in China are short-sighted, which ranks the first in the world.3)使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,及一些特殊句型。如使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句、含有with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的句子、there be開頭的句子、以形式主語(yǔ)it開頭的句子等。
More than 50% of the students in China are short-sighted, ranking the first in the world.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ranking作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),表“主動(dòng)”。
C.想辦法為作文加分
1.多多使用各種連詞,使文章更為連貫。
順接/遞進(jìn):Firstly/ secondly/thirdly, besides, in addition, what’s more, what’s worse, what’s more important, moreover, also, finally, last but not least,.轉(zhuǎn)折:but, however, nevertheless(然而), yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, while 原因:because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to
結(jié)果:so, therefore, as a result, so that, then, so ?that, such ?that
總結(jié):to sum up, to conclude, in conclusion, in summary, finally, in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking,2.多使用高級(jí)詞匯,句式和短語(yǔ)進(jìn)行變換,不要重復(fù)使用一個(gè)句式和短語(yǔ)。同時(shí)要注意避免常見錯(cuò)誤:
1)不要為了減少句數(shù)而不斷使用逗號(hào),一定要通過從句,連詞,非謂語(yǔ)等來減少句數(shù)。
如:It was raining hard, they could not work in the fields.改為: It was raining hard, so they could not work in the fields.They could not work in the fields, because it was raining hard.2)時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤:一定要根據(jù)文章的語(yǔ)境判斷該使用的時(shí)態(tài)
第三篇:2007年高考文科基礎(chǔ)卷(廣東)
2007年廣東高考文科基礎(chǔ)試卷(一)
本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(單項(xiàng)選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(不定項(xiàng)選擇題)兩部分。滿分150分。
第Ⅰ卷(單項(xiàng)選擇題 共126分)
在每題給出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有一項(xiàng)是最符合題目要求的。本大題共63小題。每小題2分,共126分。
1.文化生活中所講的“文化”是指()
①中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義文化中的“文化”
②文學(xué)藝術(shù)、科學(xué)知識(shí)、人們受教育的程度
③人類改造世界的一切活動(dòng)及其成果
④相對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治而言的人類全部精神活動(dòng)及其產(chǎn)品 A.①② B.②③ C.③④ D.①④
2.廣東文化產(chǎn)業(yè)有相當(dāng)?shù)幕A(chǔ)和規(guī)模,擁有的市場(chǎng)份額和技術(shù)含量走在全國(guó)前列,目前廣東文化及相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值為1122.76億元,已占GDP總量近7%,在全國(guó)最高。這說明()
A.國(guó)際間的文化競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日趨激烈 B.文化產(chǎn)業(yè)具有極強(qiáng)的政治滲透性
C.文化交流與合作成為各國(guó)外交的重要內(nèi)容 D.文化產(chǎn)業(yè)具有巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益
3.席勒說:“人的完美需要在文化中實(shí)現(xiàn)?!边@表明()
A.文化影響人的實(shí)踐活動(dòng) B.優(yōu)秀文化可以增強(qiáng)人的精神力量 C.優(yōu)秀文化促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展
D.文化程度越高,人就越完美
4.“人最寶貴的是生命,生命對(duì)每個(gè)人只有一次。人的一生應(yīng)這樣度過:回首往事,他不會(huì)因虛度年華而悔恨,也不因碌碌無為而羞愧。這樣,在臨死的時(shí)候,他就能夠說:我的整個(gè)生命和全部精力,都獻(xiàn)給了世界上最壯麗的事業(yè)——為人類的解放而斗爭(zhēng)。”保爾的這一名言影響了幾代革命青年的成長(zhǎng)。這表明()
A.人的世界觀、人生觀、價(jià)值觀是各種文化因素交互影響的結(jié)果
B世界觀、人生觀、價(jià)值觀對(duì)人的綜合素質(zhì)和終身發(fā)展產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)持久的影響 C.世界觀、人生觀、價(jià)值觀是人們文化素養(yǎng)的核心和標(biāo)志 D.名言對(duì)人的影響力最大
5.當(dāng)某一類文化借助媒介傳播,成為公眾關(guān)注的事情時(shí),它就成了文化現(xiàn)象。文化現(xiàn)象無時(shí)無處不在。下列關(guān)于“文化”的說法中,正確的是()
①文化由人創(chuàng)造并為人所特有 ②文化是人們社會(huì)實(shí)踐的產(chǎn)物
③文化是一種社會(huì)精神力量 ④文化是人們認(rèn)識(shí)世界、改造世界的物質(zhì)手段 A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④
6.我們參觀歷史名勝古跡,往往可以從中透視中國(guó)古代社會(huì)人們的精神世界和精神生活。這說明()
A.精神的東西與物質(zhì)的東西沒有關(guān)系 B.精神的東西就是物質(zhì)的東西 C.精神產(chǎn)品離不開物質(zhì)載體 D.物質(zhì)活動(dòng)離不開精神活動(dòng) 7.古詩(shī)“少小離家老大回,鄉(xiāng)音無改鬢毛衰?!敝小班l(xiāng)音無改”表現(xiàn)的是文化對(duì)人的影響的()
A.潛移默化的特點(diǎn) B.深遠(yuǎn)持久的特點(diǎn)
C.相對(duì)獨(dú)立性的特點(diǎn) D.差異性的特點(diǎn)
2005年是鄭和首次下西洋600周年。600年前,鄭和七次率船隊(duì)浩浩蕩蕩駛?cè)氪蠛?,歷時(shí)28年。開創(chuàng)了中國(guó)歷史上最大規(guī)模的傳播中華文化的先河。據(jù)此回答8-9題。
8.下列關(guān)于文化傳播的說法正確的是()
A.文化傳播是指人民通過一定的方式傳遞知識(shí)、信息、觀念、情感和信仰,以及與此相關(guān)的所有社會(huì)交往活動(dòng)
B.傳統(tǒng)文化就是通過這種傳播方式得以繼承的C.現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)日益成為文化傳播的唯一手段
D.世界上從古至今的每一次文化之旅都為中華文化的傳播做出了貢獻(xiàn) 9.鄭和下西洋對(duì)人類文明做出的貢獻(xiàn)是()
①傳播了中華文明 ②促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)文化交流和經(jīng)貿(mào)往來
③為世界文化的發(fā)展做出了貢獻(xiàn) ④開創(chuàng)了大眾傳媒的新形式 A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④
10.這幅畫告訴我們()
A.世界上每個(gè)民族都有自己獨(dú)特的文化
B.文化既是民族的,也是世界的
C.不同民族文化具有其共性和普遍規(guī)律
D.文化的民族性和世界性是沒有界限的
孔子是中國(guó)的,也是全球的
11.毛澤東說:“從孔夫子到孫中山,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)給予總結(jié),承繼這一份珍貴的遺產(chǎn)?!泵珴蓶|所指出的“遺產(chǎn)”是指()
A.傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗的繼承 B.傳統(tǒng)建筑的繼承
C.傳統(tǒng)文藝的繼承 D.傳統(tǒng)思想的繼承 12.“海上生明月,天涯共此時(shí)”表達(dá)中華民族()
A.民族文化的廣泛認(rèn)同感 B.民族文化的多樣性
C.民族文化的相對(duì)穩(wěn)定性 D.民族文化是民族的,又是世界的
13.李時(shí)珍為了寫《本草綱目》,行程萬(wàn)里實(shí)地考察,不僅向他人請(qǐng)教,更注重親自試驗(yàn)。他吞服曼陀羅,直到精神恍惚、失去知覺,終于認(rèn)識(shí)到這種植物的麻醉作用。這說明()
A.我們應(yīng)積極進(jìn)行文化創(chuàng)新 B.社會(huì)實(shí)踐是文化創(chuàng)新的源泉 C.社會(huì)實(shí)踐是文化創(chuàng)新的動(dòng)力 D.我們應(yīng)積極進(jìn)行社會(huì)實(shí)踐
14.教育是人類特有的傳承文化的能動(dòng)性活動(dòng),具有選擇、傳遞、創(chuàng)造文化的特定功能,在人的教化與培養(yǎng)上始終扮演著重要的角色。以下對(duì)教育在文化傳承中所起的作用認(rèn)識(shí)不正確的是()
A.通過對(duì)受教育者的“傳道、授業(yè)、解惑”,把文化傳遞給下一代 B.能以濃縮的形式重演人類認(rèn)識(shí)世界的過程 C.是人類文化傳承的惟一有效形式
D.使人們?cè)谟邢薜膶W(xué)習(xí)生涯中獲得既有的文化財(cái)富
15.《說文解字》解釋說:“宗,尊祖廟也?!币簿褪钦f,宗法的“宗”的本義是宗廟。這說明我國(guó)宗法制紐帶是()
A.財(cái)產(chǎn) B.地域 C.信仰 D.血緣
秦朝對(duì)祖國(guó)疆域的初步奠定和華夏族的形成等,作出巨大的貢獻(xiàn),秦始皇功不可沒,下圖是秦始皇和他開拓疆域,回答16-17題
16.秦始皇在咸陽(yáng)宮舉行的一次慶功宴上對(duì)群臣說:“天下共苦,戰(zhàn)斗不休,以有侯王。賴宗廟,天下初定,又復(fù)立國(guó),是叔兵也,而求其寧息,豈不難哉!”始皇為解決上述問題,“求其寧息”的措施是()
A.焚書坑儒 B.推行郡縣制
C.攻打匈奴 D.修筑長(zhǎng)城
17.秦統(tǒng)一南方越族地區(qū)后,設(shè)置三郡,委派官吏治理,南??ぞ褪菑V州的前身,而在北方對(duì)匈奴族采取的主要措施是()
A.開通靈渠 B.修筑長(zhǎng)城 C.大規(guī)模移民到遼東郡 D.修筑馳道
18.唐宋削弱相權(quán)以加強(qiáng)皇權(quán),其共同策略之一是()
A.確立和完善三省六部制 B.分割宰相權(quán)力
C.以六部分理全國(guó)政務(wù) D.以中書省為最高行政機(jī)關(guān) 19.君主專制制度空前發(fā)展的標(biāo)志是()
A.在中國(guó)歷史上延續(xù)了一千多年的宰相制度被廢除 B.明萬(wàn)歷初年,內(nèi)閣首輔張居正當(dāng)權(quán)時(shí)“部權(quán)盡歸內(nèi)閣”
C.清康熙時(shí),內(nèi)閣、議政王大臣會(huì)議與南書房三足鼎立,互相制約,最后集權(quán)于皇帝
D.設(shè)置了直屬皇帝的具有傳達(dá)性質(zhì)的中央機(jī)構(gòu)——軍機(jī)處 20.看圖讀史,斷定正誤,錯(cuò)的一組是()
(1)
(2)
(3)A.圖(1)的核心思想是師夷長(zhǎng)技以制夷;是洋務(wù)派的宗旨 B.圖(2)的核心思想是無處不均勻,無人不飽暖 C.圖(3)的核心思想是發(fā)展資本主義
D.資政新篇》繼承了《天朝田畝制度》反封建的一面,但兩者在社會(huì)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的主張方面卻是相矛盾的
21.洪秀全主張?zhí)煜氯?“平分天下田”,孫中山提出“平均地權(quán)”。二者主張的相似點(diǎn)是()
A.反對(duì)封建地主土地所有制
B.維護(hù)自給自足的小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟(jì) C.具有鮮明的資本主義色彩
D.土地國(guó)有和絕對(duì)平分產(chǎn)品 22.義和團(tuán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的性質(zhì)是()
A.農(nóng)民反帝反封建運(yùn)動(dòng) B.反封建反侵略的農(nóng)民運(yùn)動(dòng) C.農(nóng)民反帝愛國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng) D.反封建的農(nóng)民運(yùn)動(dòng)
23.日本在《馬關(guān)條約》和《辛丑條約》兩個(gè)條約中取得的相同的侵略權(quán)益是
A.公使駐京
B.駐扎軍隊(duì)
C.開埠通商
D.巨額賠款
24.中國(guó)的抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)對(duì)世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的勝利做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn),突出表現(xiàn)在
A.中國(guó)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)最廣大 B.中國(guó)抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)最艱苦
C.中國(guó)反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng) D.中國(guó)為抗擊日本法西斯的主力戰(zhàn)場(chǎng) 25.下列對(duì)1912年成立的南京臨時(shí)政府性質(zhì)的說法正確的是()
A.完全由資產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命派組成的政府 B.革命派與立憲派平分秋色的政府 C.以資產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命派為主體的政府 D.舊官僚掌握實(shí)權(quán)的政府
26.之所以說國(guó)民黨“一大”的召開標(biāo)志著革命統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線的建立,從根本上說是因?yàn)樗ǎ?/p>
A.接受了共產(chǎn)國(guó)際的指示
B.確立了國(guó)共合作的基礎(chǔ)
C.創(chuàng)建了革命的武裝
D.明確了斗爭(zhēng)的目標(biāo)
27.此圖片與文字是1953年12月中國(guó)代表團(tuán)訪問印度,一位同學(xué)讀取得信息如下,請(qǐng)你判定以下正確的一組應(yīng)該是()
①圖片中的核心人物是周恩來和尼赫魯②和平共處五項(xiàng)原則最終形成 ③和平共處五項(xiàng)原則是中印雙方提出的④ 此圖片與文字反映新中國(guó)外交的成熟
A.①②③④都對(duì),沒有錯(cuò)誤
B.①③④是對(duì)的,②是錯(cuò)的 C.①②③是對(duì)的,④是錯(cuò)的 D.①④ 是對(duì)的,②③是錯(cuò)的 28.黨的十六屆四中全會(huì),進(jìn)一步提出了構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)的任務(wù),強(qiáng)調(diào)形成全體人民各盡其能、各得其所而又和諧相處的社會(huì)是鞏固黨執(zhí)政的社會(huì)基礎(chǔ)、實(shí)現(xiàn)黨執(zhí)政的歷史任務(wù)的必然要求,要適應(yīng)我國(guó)社會(huì)的深刻變化,把和諧社會(huì)建設(shè)擺在重要位置,新中國(guó)初實(shí)行的實(shí)行的幾項(xiàng)制度為和諧社會(huì)的構(gòu)建點(diǎn)定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。正確的一組是()
①多黨合作與政治協(xié)商制度②人民代表大會(huì)制度③民主區(qū)域自治制度④社會(huì)主義制度
A.②③④ B.①③④ C.①②④ D.①②③
讀圖回答29—31題:
29.關(guān)于圖中山脈的說法,不正確的是()
A.華北平原與黃土高原的分界線
B.第二階梯與第三階梯分界線
C.河北省與山西省分界線
D.季風(fēng)區(qū)與非季風(fēng)區(qū)分界線
30.甲、乙兩地區(qū)共有的資源優(yōu)勢(shì)是()
A.石油
B.煤炭
C.水能
D.太陽(yáng)能
31.造成甲地區(qū)現(xiàn)代突出環(huán)境問題的主要原因是()
A.夏季降水集中
B.土質(zhì)疏松
C.風(fēng)力侵蝕
D.植被人為破壞嚴(yán)重
32.實(shí)行計(jì)劃生育以來,我國(guó)每年凈增人口數(shù)量仍在一千萬(wàn)以上,其最主要的原因是()
A.人口死亡率低 B.人口出生率高 C.人口基數(shù)大 D.人口自然增長(zhǎng)率高 33.當(dāng)黑龍江省還是冰天雪地時(shí),海南島已是春耕大忙了。這是由于我國(guó)()
A.緯度跨度大 B.經(jīng)度跨度大 C.海陸差異大 D.地形差異大 34.我國(guó)年降水量分布的規(guī)律是()
A.由南向北逐漸減少 B.由東南沿海向西北內(nèi)陸遞減
C.由北向南逐漸減少 D.由第一階梯向第二、第三階梯減少 35.秦嶺-淮河一線與以下列哪些地理界線大致相同()
A.0℃年等溫線 B.亞熱帶與暖溫帶分界限
C.半濕潤(rùn)區(qū)與半干旱區(qū)的分界線 D.四百毫米年等降水量線 36.可看到“天蒼蒼,野茫茫,風(fēng)吹草低見牛羊”景觀的高原是
A.青藏高原 B.內(nèi)蒙古高原 C.云貴高原 D.黃土高原 37.下面四幅等高線地形圖中,表示盆地的是()
A.甲 B.乙 C.丙 D.丁 38.屬于縱貫?zāi)媳泵乐尬鞑可较档纳矫}是()
A.阿爾卑斯山和落基山脈
B.落基山脈和安第斯山脈
C.喜馬拉雅山脈和阿爾卑斯山脈
D.喜馬拉雅山脈和安第斯山脈 地圖是用以傳遞各種自然與社會(huì)現(xiàn)象的空間分布、聯(lián)系及時(shí)間變化等信息的載體,比例尺、方向、圖例和注記是構(gòu)成地圖的三要素。據(jù)此回答39-42題: 39.如果作一次一日往返的徒步野外考察,下面四種比例尺地圖最不適用的是()
A.1:20000 B.1/30000 C.
D.圖上一厘米代表實(shí)地距離250km 40.在一幅較完整的等高線地形圖上,必須要有()
A.指向標(biāo) B.海拔和相對(duì)高度 C.比例尺 D.各種不同的顏色 41.下列敘述正確的是()
A.不論何處絕對(duì)高度永遠(yuǎn)大于相對(duì)高度
B.在分層設(shè)色地形圖上,褐色比黃色代表的高度要高 C.在地圖上山地的標(biāo)高均為相對(duì)高度
D.注記就是地圖上的符號(hào),可以表示山脈、河流、城市等 42.繪制地形剖面圖時(shí),選擇垂直比例尺最主要的依據(jù)是()
A.地形起伏的程度 B.水平比例尺的大小 C.相對(duì)高度大小 D.等高線的疏密程度 43.下列記時(shí)敘述的數(shù)據(jù)中表示時(shí)間的是:()
A. 著名田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)員劉翔用12.91秒跑完了110m B. 中央電視臺(tái)新聞聯(lián)播節(jié)目從19時(shí)開始播放
C. 1997年7月1日零時(shí)我國(guó)政府開始對(duì)香港恢復(fù)行使主權(quán) D. 由于火車提速,從廣州到汕頭又縮短了2.5h 44.一支100m長(zhǎng)的隊(duì)伍勻速前進(jìn),通訊員從隊(duì)尾趕到隊(duì)前傳達(dá)命令然后立即返回,當(dāng)通訊員回到隊(duì)尾時(shí),隊(duì)伍已前進(jìn)了200m,在這個(gè)過程中,通訊員的位移大小是()
A.400m B.100m C.200m D.300m 45.1991年5月11日的《北京晚報(bào)》曾報(bào)道了這樣一則動(dòng)人事跡:5月9日下午,一位4歲的小男孩從高層塔樓的15層墜下,被同樓的一位青年在樓下接住,幸免于難,設(shè)每層樓高是3.0m,這樣青年從他所在的地方?jīng)_到樓下需要的時(shí)間是1.3s,則該青年要接住孩子,至多允許他的反應(yīng)時(shí)間是(g=10m/s2)()
A.3.0s B.1.6s C.1.7s D.1.3s 46.下面是我國(guó)宋代詩(shī)人陳與義所寫《襄邑道中》的絕句: 飛花兩岸照船紅,百里榆堤半日紅;臥看滿天云不動(dòng),不知云與我俱東。詩(shī)中描敘“我”運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)選取的參考系是()A.兩岸 B.飛花 C.云 D.榆堤
47.某同學(xué)勻速向前走了一段路后,停了一會(huì)兒,然后沿原路勻速返回出發(fā)點(diǎn),下圖中能反映此同學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)情況的是()
A
B
C
D
48.關(guān)于自由落體運(yùn)動(dòng)的加速度g,下列說法中正確的是()A.同一地點(diǎn)輕重物體的g值一樣大 B.重的物體的g值大
C.g值在地面任何地方一樣大 D.g值在赤道處大于南北兩極處
49一輛汽車從靜止開始由甲地出發(fā),沿平直公路開往乙地,汽車先做勻加速運(yùn)動(dòng),接著做勻減速運(yùn)動(dòng),開到乙地剛好停止,其速度圖象如圖所示,那么0—to和to—3to兩段時(shí)間內(nèi)()
A.速度大小之比為3 :1 B.位移大小之比為2:1 C.平均速度大小之比為2:1 D.平均速度大小之比為1:1 50.下列有關(guān)物質(zhì)的用途與其性質(zhì)是相對(duì)應(yīng)的是()
A.用石墨做鉛筆芯:石墨是一種深灰色的固體
B.用干冰做人工降雨的物質(zhì):CO2能溶于水并與水反應(yīng)生成碳酸 C.用Ca(OH)2做建筑材料:Ca(OH)2吸收CO2后會(huì)變硬使墻體堅(jiān)固 D.用銅絲做導(dǎo)線:銅的化學(xué)性質(zhì)很穩(wěn)定且容易拉絲
51.氮、磷、鉀等是植物生長(zhǎng)所必需的元素,所以含有這些元素的物質(zhì)可以作為化肥;含有多種植物生長(zhǎng)必需元素的化肥稱為復(fù)合肥。則下列物質(zhì)屬于復(fù)合肥的是()
A.NH4NO3 B.Ca(H2PO4)2 C.K2CO3 D.KNO3
某河道兩旁有甲乙兩工廠,它們排放的工業(yè)廢水中共含有K+、Ag+、Fe3+、Cl―、OH―、NO3―六種離子,各間工廠排放的廢水中均含其中的三種,不重復(fù)。已知甲廠的廢水呈現(xiàn)明顯的酸性?;卮?2-53小題: 52.甲廠排放的廢水中含有的三種離子是()
A.Ag+、Fe3+、NO3― B.Ag+、Fe3+、K+ C.Fe3+、Cl―、NO3― D. Fe3+、NO3―、K+ 53.為了回收甲工廠廢水中的貴重金屬,可以在其中加入()
A.Fe B.活性炭 C.硫酸亞鐵 D.硝酸 54.下列俗語(yǔ)或警句中不涉及到化學(xué)反應(yīng)原理的是()
A.“真金不怕火煉” B.“冰凍三尺,非一日之寒” B.“火要空心,人要虛心” D.“酒越陳越香” 55.實(shí)驗(yàn)室中用CuSO4·5H2O來配制100mL0.1mol/L CuSO4溶液,需要稱量CuSO4·5H2O的質(zhì)量為()
A.1.6g B.2.0g C.0.01mol D.2.5g 56.硫酸具有強(qiáng)氧化性,對(duì)人體的皮膚和其它的物質(zhì)有很強(qiáng)烈的腐蝕性,所以盛放硫酸的容器上應(yīng)貼上的標(biāo)簽是()
A
B
C
D 57.活細(xì)胞內(nèi)合成酶的場(chǎng)所主要是()
A.內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng) B.葉綠體 C.核糖體 D.高爾基體 58.人在發(fā)燒時(shí)食欲較差,其病理是()
A.胃不能排空 B.小腸不能蠕動(dòng)
C.消化酶活性受影響 D.消化腺不能分泌消化液 59.新鮮魚、肉用鹽漬不變質(zhì),其原因是()
A.食鹽水中的C1-有殺菌作用
B.濃鹽水中含O2少,細(xì)菌無法生存 C.由于滲透作用使細(xì)菌失水死亡
D.由于滲透作用使魚、肉細(xì)胞過度失水所致 60.根據(jù)細(xì)胞質(zhì)壁分離和復(fù)原的現(xiàn)象,可判斷()
A.細(xì)胞是活的還是死的 B.細(xì)胞呼吸作用的強(qiáng)弱
C.細(xì)胞膜上載體數(shù)量的多少 D.細(xì)胞的吸收礦質(zhì)元素的能力 61.動(dòng)、植物細(xì)胞共有但功能不同的細(xì)胞器是()
A.線粒體 B.核糖體 C.內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng) D.高爾基體
62.噬菌體(一種病毒)、藍(lán)藻和酵母菌都具有的物質(zhì)或結(jié)構(gòu)是()
A.細(xì)胞壁 B.細(xì)胞膜 C.線粒體 D.核酸 63.肝臟細(xì)胞中,含量最多的化合物是()
A.膽汁 B.水 C.肝糖元 D.蛋白質(zhì)
第Ⅱ卷(不定項(xiàng)選擇題 共24分)
在下列各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,至少有一項(xiàng)是符合題意的。本大題共12小題,每小題2分,共24分。錯(cuò)選、多選、少選該題不得分。64.下列屬于文化生活的是()
A.人大代表參加人代會(huì) B.到商場(chǎng)購(gòu)買衣服
C.與家人一起下棋 D.在電腦上查閱資料
65.在世界多極化和經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化進(jìn)程中,作為發(fā)展中國(guó)家的中國(guó),在文化發(fā)展上面臨嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn),新形勢(shì)下,要提升文化競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,就要做到()
A.大力發(fā)展科技,增強(qiáng)我國(guó)的綜合國(guó)力 B.大力發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè) C.繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化
D.發(fā)展教育事業(yè),培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)人才,提高勞動(dòng)者素質(zhì)
66.下列關(guān)于文化繼承與發(fā)展的關(guān)系,說法正確的是()
A.繼承是發(fā)展的必要前提,發(fā)展是繼承的必然要求
B.繼承與發(fā)展是相互獨(dú)立的兩個(gè)過程 C.在繼承的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展,在發(fā)展的過程中繼承 D.文化繼承與發(fā)展是同一過程的兩個(gè)方面
67.中華文化源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng),有巨大的包容性,即求同存異和兼收并蓄。中華文化巨大包容性的積極意義在于()
A.有利于各民族文化在和睦的關(guān)系中交流
B.有利于增強(qiáng)對(duì)自身文化的認(rèn)同,對(duì)域外文化的理解
C.使中華文化始終處于世界文化的最前列,在世界文化中居于統(tǒng)帥地位
D.同化了其他民族文化,使中華文化更加發(fā)揚(yáng)光大
68.西方國(guó)家建立了資產(chǎn)階級(jí)立憲制或共和制的時(shí)候,明清兩朝卻在強(qiáng)化專制,目的只有一個(gè)——絕對(duì)的君主專制。雖然都出現(xiàn)了內(nèi)閣,而明朝內(nèi)閣與西方的內(nèi)閣作用不同之處在于()
A.使皇權(quán)分解 B.內(nèi)閣的成立是皇權(quán)加大的表現(xiàn) C.設(shè)置內(nèi)閣只是專制集權(quán)的另一種表現(xiàn)形式 D.順應(yīng)中國(guó)特殊的國(guó)情 69.下列關(guān)于辛亥革命成功之處的表述,不正確的是()
A.建立了資產(chǎn)階級(jí)共和國(guó),頒布《中華民國(guó)臨時(shí)約法》都以反專制為目的 B.使民主共和的觀念深入人心
C.完成了反封建的任務(wù)但沒有完成反帝的任務(wù),D.清除了封建軍閥,為中華民族資本主義的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造了條件
70.中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨對(duì)中國(guó)革命與建設(shè)進(jìn)行了艱辛的探索,下列各項(xiàng)決策,是基于國(guó)內(nèi)矛盾做出的正確的判斷而提出的有()
A.和平解決西安事變的方針 B.過渡時(shí)期總路線的提出 C.黨八大確立黨的總?cè)蝿?wù) D.擴(kuò)大反右斗爭(zhēng)的規(guī)模
71.圖(1)(2)都與中國(guó)農(nóng)民有關(guān),苦難農(nóng)民最想得到的是土地,我們根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)的背景分析兩幅圖,反映的是史實(shí)恰當(dāng)?shù)臑椋ǎ?/p>
(1)
(2)
A.解決勞苦大眾的切身利益是我們黨的革命勝利的基本保障
B.當(dāng)時(shí)的土地政策就是要廢除土地私有 C.都發(fā)生在土地革命期間
D.廢除封建剝削是兩次土地運(yùn)動(dòng)的共同目的(地理部分雙項(xiàng)選擇題)
72.讀下面兩幅等高線地形圖判斷()
A.甲圖反映的實(shí)際范圍比乙圖大 B.乙圖反映的實(shí)際范圍比甲圖大 C.EF處的坡度比E′F′處大 D.E′F′處的坡度比EF處大
73.有關(guān)大洲地形的敘述,正確的是()
A.歐洲的地形以平原為主,是世界上海拔最低的一個(gè)洲 B.亞洲中部高、四周低,平原多分布在大陸周圍
C.非洲被稱為“高原大陸”,是世界上海拔最高的一個(gè)洲 D.南北美洲的地形東部高山、西部高原、中部平原 74.關(guān)于地表形態(tài)特征的敘述,正確的是()
A.地面平坦或起伏較小的地形是平原
B.海拔在500M以上,地面峰巒起伏,坡度陡峻的是山地地形 C.地面有起伏,但海拔較低,坡度和緩的地形是高原 D.周圍高,中間低,四周有山嶺環(huán)繞的地形是丘陵 75.黃土高原水土流失造成的環(huán)境問題是()
A.地震、泥石流災(zāi)害頻繁發(fā)生 B.大氣污染嚴(yán)重,氣候逐漸變暖
C.溝谷增多、擴(kuò)大、加深,導(dǎo)致耕地面積減少
D.使黃河中下游含沙量大增,給河道整治和防洪造成一定的困難
參考答案
一、單項(xiàng)選擇題-14(政治部分)
1-5 DDCBA 6-10 CBAAB 11-14 DABC 15-28(歷史部分)
15-20 DBBBDA 21-25 ACDDC 26-28 BDD 29-42(地理部分)
29-33 DBDCA 34-38 BBBCB 39-42 DBBC 43-49(物理部分)
A
C 提示:位移大小指運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中初、末位置間的距離。
B 提示:由h=1/2gt2計(jì)算出下落時(shí)間t=2.9秒
A
D
A 提示:g值取決于物體所處位置處的高度及緯度,與其它因素?zé)o關(guān)。
D 提示:利用速度-時(shí)間圖象的性質(zhì)即可求解。50-56(化學(xué)部分)
C(石墨作鉛筆芯因?yàn)槠淙彳洠杀涤暌驗(yàn)槠錃饣鼰?,銅作導(dǎo)線因?yàn)槠鋵?dǎo)
電)51 D
A(甲的廢水呈現(xiàn)酸性,所以O(shè)H存在于乙中,而Fe和Ag與OH不能共存,所以Fe和Ag存在于甲中,Cl不能與Ag+共存,所以Cl―存在于乙中,在一個(gè)溶液里不可能只存在陽(yáng)離子或只存在陰離子,故NO3在甲中,K在乙中)
A(甲廢水中貴重金屬是Ag,用Fe置換)
B(A說明金的化學(xué)性質(zhì)不活潑,C體現(xiàn)了燃燒充分的條件,D酒精放置長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后有少量的酯生成)
D(需要CuSO4 0.01mol,CuSO4·5H2O的摩爾質(zhì)量為250g/mol)
C(依次表示“當(dāng)心觸電”、“當(dāng)心感染”、“當(dāng)心腐蝕”、“當(dāng)心中毒”)57-63(生物部分)
C C C A D D B
―
+
―3+
+
―3++
―
二、不定項(xiàng)選擇題:
(政治部分)
CD 65 ABCD 66 ACD 67 AB(歷史部分)
BC 69 CD 70 ABC 71 AD(地理部分)
AD 73 AB 74 AB 75 CD
第四篇:2009年高考廣東A卷英語(yǔ)作文
2009年高考廣東A卷英語(yǔ)作文
第一節(jié) 基礎(chǔ)寫作(共1小題,滿分15分)
你是校報(bào)小記者,最近進(jìn)行了一次采訪。以下是這次采訪的情況:
時(shí)間:上周末
對(duì)象:眼科醫(yī)生(eye-doctor)王教授
主題:我國(guó)中小學(xué)生近視(short-sighredness)問題
基本信息:(1)發(fā)生率:略高于50%
(2)人數(shù):世界第一
專家解讀:(1)原因:很復(fù)雜
(2)治療:沒有哪一種藥物能治愈近視
(3)建議:不要過度用眼;多參加戶外活動(dòng)
(4)特別提示:如何握筆也和近視有關(guān)
[寫作內(nèi)容]
根據(jù)以上情況寫一篇采訪報(bào)道,并包括如下內(nèi)容:
1.采訪的時(shí)間、對(duì)象和主題;
2.中小學(xué)生近視的發(fā)生率及人數(shù);
3.專家解讀。
[寫作要求]
只能使用5個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部?jī)?nèi)容。
[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]
句子結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確,信息內(nèi)容完整,篇章結(jié)構(gòu)連貫。
第二節(jié) 讀寫任務(wù)(共1小題,滿分25分)
閱讀下面的短文,然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。
...Jackie is perhaps the most easily annoyed koala(考拉)at the Featherdale Wildlife Park in
southern Australia.All the koalas there are unhappy and complaining.You would be too if you were
used to night activities and someone kept waking you up all day while you were trying to sleep it
off.That'S right--sleep it off.The average koala is always half asleep because it feeds on the leaves
of a special kind that makes it sleepy.
The reason Jackie and her fellow koalas are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep is SO
they can be hugged and photographed by tourists,who make the trips to Featherdale and an
increasing number of other national parks for just that special experience.Whatever department in
the Aussie government in charge of such things is now moving to make the practice illegal,which
is understandable.How would you react,my friend,if you were trying to sleep off a dozen times
and some round,furry creature smelling of grass kept waking you?
*考拉即樹袋熊
[寫作內(nèi)容]
1.以約30個(gè)詞概括這段短文的內(nèi)容;
2.然后以約120個(gè)詞就“該不該禁止游客和動(dòng)物拍照”進(jìn)行議論,內(nèi)容包括:
(1)人們?cè)趨⒂^動(dòng)物園時(shí)為什么喜歡和動(dòng)物拍照;
(2)假如你處在那些動(dòng)物的處境,你會(huì)有什么反應(yīng);
(3)你認(rèn)為是否應(yīng)該禁止游客和動(dòng)物拍照。
[寫作要求]
...1.在作文中可以使用自己親身的經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事,也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容但不
得直接引用原文中的句子;
2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。
[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]
概括準(zhǔn)確,語(yǔ)言規(guī)范,內(nèi)容合適,篇章連貫。
...
第五篇:高考英語(yǔ)寫作指導(dǎo)(發(fā)言稿)
高考英語(yǔ)寫作指導(dǎo)(發(fā)言稿)
高考英語(yǔ)全國(guó)卷中發(fā)言稿寫作導(dǎo)練
一、文體概述
發(fā)言稿主要用來交流思想、表達(dá)感情、發(fā)表看法;也可以用來介紹自己的學(xué)習(xí)情況和經(jīng)驗(yàn)等。寫發(fā)言稿時(shí),要注意三點(diǎn):1.觀點(diǎn)要鮮明。2.條理清楚。3.語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔明快。寫作分“三步走”:自我介紹并表明發(fā)言稿的主題→發(fā)言稿的具體內(nèi)容→進(jìn)行總結(jié)并提出期望。
二、必備短語(yǔ)
.bequalifiedfor勝任
2.studyefficiently高效地學(xué)習(xí)
3.getactivelyinvolvedinclass上課積極參與
4.effectivelearningmethods有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法
5.enjoyacolorfullife享受豐富多彩的生活
6.takeresponsibilitytodosth.負(fù)責(zé)做某事
7.geton/alongwellwithsb.與某人友好相處
8.onbehalfofourschool代表我們學(xué)校
9.develop/form/acquireagoodhabitof..養(yǎng)成……的好習(xí)慣.0.expressone’swarmwelcometosb.向某人表示熱烈歡迎
三、套用句式
.Itismygreathonortohaveachancetospeakhere.能有機(jī)會(huì)在這里發(fā)言是我極大的榮幸。
2.welcometotheEnglishspeechcompetition/lecture.歡迎來到這次英語(yǔ)演講比賽/講座。
3.Itwaswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreatedaharmoniousatmosphere.用真誠(chéng)和忠誠(chéng)我們創(chuàng)造一個(gè)和諧的環(huán)境。
4.Iamsurethatwithyourgreatefforts,youwillenjoyacolorfullifehere.我相信在這你將用努力會(huì)享受豐富多彩的生活。
5.Ihopewhatismentionedabovemightbehelpfultoyou!我希望我上面所講的對(duì)你們有幫助!
四、習(xí)作修改
Goodafternoon,everyone.welcometoourschool!Highschoolstudentsarefacingwithachoicebetweenartsorscience.Itwasnoteasychoiceformetomake.Aftercarefullyconsideration,though,Idecidedonscienceasmymainsubjectofstudy.Thereasonsareasfollow.First,sciencegraduatesareingreatdemandthanartsonesinchina.Second,thesciencemajorcanhelpesmeachievemychildhooddreamofbecomingascientist.Third,myparentswishmetostudyscienceatcollegebecausetheybelieveinIwillhaveabrighterfutureasasciencestudent.Lastbutnotleast,myphysicsteacherismyrolemodel,whichinfluenceonmehasalottodowithmydecision.ItisforthesereasonsthatIfinallymadeyourchoice.Thanks!
五、課堂練習(xí)
假定你是星光中學(xué)的高中畢業(yè)生李華,母校將為高一新生舉辦主題為“whattolearninseniorhighschool?”的英語(yǔ)沙龍活動(dòng),特邀請(qǐng)你結(jié)合自身經(jīng)歷談?wù)勛约旱捏w會(huì)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示準(zhǔn)備一份英語(yǔ)發(fā)言稿。
.學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí):方法,習(xí)慣等;
2.學(xué)會(huì)做人:真誠(chéng),友善;
3.學(xué)會(huì)其他:考生自擬。
注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右。
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。
3.開頭語(yǔ)和結(jié)尾已為你寫好。
Goodmorning,everyone!Itismyhonortobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearninseniorhighschool.Thankyou!
六、課外作業(yè)
假設(shè)你是某大學(xué)的學(xué)生李華,你校英語(yǔ)俱樂部將選舉新一屆副主席,負(fù)責(zé)規(guī)劃、組織俱樂部的相關(guān)活動(dòng),你欲參選,請(qǐng)按以下提示,寫一篇競(jìng)選演講稿。
.個(gè)人的優(yōu)勢(shì)介紹(如性格、特長(zhǎng)等);
2.組織校內(nèi)的活動(dòng)的設(shè)想(如舉辦講座、英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)等);
3.組織校際交流活動(dòng)的設(shè)想(如舉辦辯論賽、演講比賽等);
4.表達(dá)競(jìng)選的愿望。
注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右。
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。
3.開頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好。
參考詞匯:副主席vicepresident
競(jìng)選runfor
Goodafternoon,mydearfriends,mynameisLiHua,Thankyou!
參考答案與范文:
習(xí)作修改
本演講稿是關(guān)于高中生對(duì)文、理科的選擇。作者首先表明選擇理科,然后闡述了選擇理科的理由。
.facing→faced因befacedwith固定搭配,意為“遇到,面臨”。
2.or→and因betweenAandB為固定搭配,意為“在A與B之間”。
3.在easy前加an因choice是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,表示“一個(gè)”選擇,要用不定冠詞。另外,makeachoice可看作一個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)。
4.carefully→careful修飾名詞,應(yīng)用形容詞。
5.follow→follows因asfollows是習(xí)語(yǔ),不管句子的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。
6.great→greater后面的than提示我們此處應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級(jí)。
7.helps→help情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)詞原形。
8.把believe后的in去掉因此處的believe表示“相信,認(rèn)為”,后接賓語(yǔ)從句,不用in,故刪除。
9.which→whose先行詞myphysicsteacher與從句中influence有所屬關(guān)系,表示“我物理老師(對(duì)我的)影響”,用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
0.your→my根據(jù)主語(yǔ)I可知,此處是我最終做出了“我的”決定。
課堂練習(xí)
Goodmorning,everyone!Itismyhonortobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearninseniorhighschool.Inthecomingthreeyears,ourschoollifewillbechallenging.Firstly,weshouldlearntolearnefficiently.Developingagoodhabitisalsoofimportance.Itreallybenefitedmealottopreviewlessons,getactivelyinvolvedinclass,andreviewwhathavebeentaughtafterclass.Inaddition,weshouldlearnhowtogetalongwellwithothers.Inschool,Irespectedteachersandwasfriendlywithclassmates.Itwaswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreatedaharmoniousatmosphere.Finally,weshouldtakepartinsportsandoutdooractivitiesfrequently.Theywerereallyhelpfultobuildupmybodyandenrichmyschoollife.withyourgreatefforts,Iamsurethatyouwillenjoyacolorfullifehere.Thankyou!
課外作業(yè)
Goodafternoon,mydearfriends,mynameisLiHua.I'moutgoingandgetonwellwithmyclassmatesandteachers.Iamskilledatorganizingallkindsofactivities.I'dliketorunforthevicepresidentoftheEnglishclubinourschool.Iknowasthevicepresident,Imustdothefollowingthingsfortheclub:Iwilltrytomakeitknowntoeverystudentandmorestudentsinvolvedintheactivitiesorganizedbytheclub.what
’smore,toimproveourEnglishandgetmorestudentsinterestedinEnglish,IintendtoorganizesomeactivitiesatschoollikelecturesandEnglishpartiesandinter-schoolonessuchasEnglishdebatecompetitionsandspeechcontests.Ihopeallofyouwillvoteforme.Thankyou!