第一篇：英語3課文（精選）

Unite 1（P4 第四段）

Consider also the heroic example of Abraham Lincoln,who faced substantial hardships,failures and repeated misfortunes in his lifetime.His background was certainly not glamorous.He was raised in a very poor family with only one year of formal education.He failed in business twice,suffered a nervous breakdown when his first love,died suddenly and lost eight political elections.Later in life,he suffered profound grief over the tragic death of three of his four children.Yet his strong will was the spur that pushed him forward,strengthening his optimism,dedication and determination.It intensified and focused his efforts and enabled him to triumph over the overwhelming failures and profound difficulties in his life.A hundred years later,people from around the world commend Abraham Lincoln as the greatest American president of all time.Unite 2（P34 第十二段）

At the ridge of the jetty,I whirled around,convinced I’d see an athletic swimmer plowing through the rough water toward the boy.To my dismay,no one was there.I turned back out to the sea to see the boy battered by vicious waves about 25 yards jumped in,I felt like I was back in that pool ,breathless,struggling,terrified.Salt stung my eyes.Focus,I shouted in my head.Where is he? Unite 3（P64 第六段）

Soon,Audrey was transformed from a malnourished immigrant to an internationally famous movie star.Director Billy Wilder complimented her,saying,”Audrey walked beautifully,she spoke beautifully.” Although she won many Academy Awards and other honors for acting,Audrey felt that her most significant work was humanitarian work with those in need ,and as the mother to her two sons.She suffered through two divorces and from her memories of the war.Yet,Audrey never let her sadness overcome her or jeopardize her hope for a brighter future.Audrey finally met her soul mate,Robert Wolders,and spent the last 12 years of her life with him.Unite 4（P94 第八段）

Of course,this mental flexibility doesn’t come from mere distance,a simple change in latitude and longitude.Instead,this renaissance of creativity appears to be a side effect of difference:We need to change cultures,to experience the disorienting diversity of human traditions.The same facets of foreign travel that are so confusing(Do I tip the waiter?Where is this train taking me?)turn out to have a lasting impact,making us more creative because we’re less insular.We’re reminded of all that we don’t know,which is nearly everything;we’re surprised by the constant stream of surprises.Even in this globalized age,we can still be amazed at all the earthly things that weren’t included in the Let’s Go guidebook and that certainly don’t exist back home.Unite 5（P124 第五段）

Besides the mere hours spent in leisure.workers and laborers differ in the amount of personal satisfaction they derive from their jobs.Workers who enjoy their jobs will be happier,less stressed,and generally more satisfied with their lives.They will also work with more diligence and precision because they have fostered a sense of personal pride in their jobs.On the other hand,laborers,whose sole inventive is earning their livelihood,feel that the time they spend on the daily grind is wasted and doesn’t contribute to their happiness.Instead of valuing all 24 hours of their day as enjoyable and productive hours,they gauge only the time spent in leisure and play as meaningful.Unfortunately,laborers are all too commonplace,and only a small percentage of the population is in lucky position of being workers.Unite 6（P153 第八段）One day we hear that they’ll be giving out candy in a st ore near the warehouse.Immediately we make a long queue of cold and hungry children.We stand in the frost all night and the following day,huddled together to summon a bit of warmth.Finally,they open the store.But instead of candy,we are each granted an empty metal container that once held some fruit drops.Weak and stiff from the cold,yet at this moment happy,I carry my treasure home,guarding it jealously.It’s valuable;the inside wall of the can still has a sugar residue.My mother heats some water and pours it into the can.We have a dilute,sweet drink:Our only nutrition for days.Unite 7（P182 第七、八段）

When Sue received her last unemployment check,she felt a wave of profound grief.With no income to deposit,Sue’s checking account deteriorated into negative balances.Her car was on the verge of being repossessed.And,the constant harassment of the financing company for her car loan added to her daily stress.Each day,like a ping pong ball,Sue went back and forth between resolve and despair.It was a sickening plunge considering that only a short year and a half before,Sue was earning $56,000 a year at her old job,enjoyed vacationing in places like Mexico and the Caribbean,and had started business school at an excellent university.Unite 8（P211 第二段）

The fact is that Chinese parents do things that seem provocative,unimaginable,even illegal,to opinionated Westerners.Chinese mothers can dispense with formal courtesies and say to an obese child who gorges on food,”Hey fatty,lose some weight.”By contrast,Western parents must be humane,tiptoe around the issue,talk in terms of “health”,and never ever mention the f-word.And still their kids end up in therapy for eating disorders and a negative self-image.I’ve thought long and hard about how Chinese parents can get away with what they do,and I think there are three ideological differences between Chinese and Western parents.

第二篇：英語課文（模版）

Unit1 One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do.The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor.Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired;there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity.American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge;on the other hand, skills can be picked up later.However, I do not want to overstate my case.There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present.And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West.When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent(the “Standing on the shoulders of giants” phenomenon).But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this:

Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills? Unit2 Yet I feel nothing more than a passing whim to attain the material things so many other people have.My 1999 car shows the wear and tear of 105,000 miles.But it is still dependable.My apartment is modest, but quiet and relaxing.My clothes are well suited to my work, which is primarily outdoors.My minimal computer needs can be met at the library.In spite of what I don’t have, I don’t feel poor.Why? I’ve enjoyed exceptionally good health for 53 years.It’s not just that I’ve been illness-free, it’s that I feel vigorous and spirited.Exercising is actually fun for me.I look forward to long, energizing walks.And I love the “can do” attitude that follows.I also cherish the gift of creativity.When I write a beautiful line of poetry, or fabricate a joke that tickles someone, I feel rich inside.I’m continually surprised at the insights that come through my writing process.And talking with so many interesting writer friends is one of my main sources of enjoyment.Unit4 I’d never realized how important daily routine is: dressing for work, sleeping normal hours.I’d never thought I relied so much on co-workers for company.I began to understand why long-term unemployment can be so damaging, why life without an externally supported daily plan can lead to higher rates of drug abuse, crime, suicide.To restore balance to my life, I force myself back into the real world.I call people, arrange to meet with the few remaining friends who haven’t fled New York City.I try to at least get to the gym, so as to set apart the weekend from the rest of my week.I arrange interviews for stories, doctor’s appointments — anything to get me out of the house and connected with others.But sometimes being face to face is too much.I see a friend and her ringing laughter is intolerable — the noise of conversation in the restaurant, unbearable.I make my excuses and flee.I re-enter my apartment and run to the computer as though it were a place of safety.I click on the modem, the once-annoying sound of the connection now as pleasant as my favorite tune.I enter my password.The real world disappears.Unit5 The runway felt different this time.It startled him for a brief moment.Then it all hit him like a wet bale of hay.The bar was set at nine inches higher than his personal best.That’s only one inch off the National record, he thought.The intensity of the moment filled his mind with anxiety.He began shaking the tension.It wasn’t working.He became more tense.Why was this happening to him now, he thought.He began to get nervous.Afraid would be a more accurate description.What was he going to do? He had never experienced these feelings.Then out of nowhere, and from the deepest depths of his soul, he pictured his mother.Why now? What was his mother doing in his thoughts at a time like this? It was simple.His mother always used to tell him when you felt tense, anxious or even scared, take deep breaths.So he did.Along with shaking the tension from his legs, he gently laid his pole at his feet.He began to stretch out his arms and upper body.The light breeze that was once there was now gone.He carefully picked up his pole.He felt his heart pounding.He was sure the crowd did, too.The silence was deafening.When he heard the singing of some distant birds in flight, he knew it was his time to fly.Unit6 Why are we so quick to limit ourselves? I’m not denying that most little girls love dolls and most little boys love videogames, and it may be true that some people favor the right side of their brain, and others the left.But how relevant is that to me, or to anyone，as

an

individual?

Instead of translating our differences into hard and fast conclusions about the human brain, why can’t we focus instead on how incredibly flexible we are? Instead of using what we know as a reason why women can’t learn physics, maybe we should consider the possibility that our brains are more powerful than we imagine.Here’s a secret: math and science don’t come easily to most people.No one was ever born knowing calculus.A woman can learn anything a man can, but first she needs to know that she can do it, and that takes a leap of faith.It also helps to have selective hearing.Unit7 Two centuries ago an English judge in India noticed that several words in Sanskrit closely resembled some words in Greek and Latin.A systematic study revealed that many modern languages descended from a common parent language, lost to us because nothing was written down.Identifying similar words, linguists have come up with what they call an Indo-European parent language, spoken until 3500 to 2000 B.C.These people had common words for snow, bee and wolf but no word for sea.So some scholars assume they lived somewhere in north-central Europe, where it was cold.Traveling east, some established the languages of India and Pakistan, and others drifted west toward the gentler climates of Europe.Some who made the earliest move westward became known as the Celts, whom Caesar’s armies found in Britain.New words came with the Germanic tribes — the Angles, the Saxons, etc.— that slipped across the North Sea to settle in Britain in the 5th century.Together they formed what we call Anglo-Saxon society.The Anglo-Saxons passed on to us their farming vocabulary, including sheep, ox, earth, wood, field and work.They must have also enjoyed themselves because they gave us the word laughter Unit8 There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings.The town lay in the midst of a checkerboard of prosperous farms, with fields of grain and hillsides of orchards where, in spring, white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields.In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of colour that flamed and flickered across a backdrop of pines.Then foxes barked in the hills and deer silently crossed the fields, half hidden in the mists of the autumn mornings.Along the roads, laurel, viburnum and alder, great ferns and wild flowers, delighted the traveller’s eye through much of the year.Even in winter the roadsides were places of beauty, where countless birds came to feed on the berries and on the seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow.The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and when the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring and autumn people travelled from great distances to observe them.Others came to fish the streams，which flowed clear and cold out of the hills and contained shady pools where trout lay.So it had been from the days many years ago when the first settlers raised their houses, sank their wells and built their barns.

第三篇：英語課文

Anna’s blog Hello everyone.Welcome to my blog.About me

My name is Anna.I'm from Germany.I'm 11 years old.I'm tall and thin.I have long hear.I live with my family in a house close to some mountains.My mum is an Art teacher.My dad is a doctor.I have an elder sister and an elder brother.About my school and my hobbies

Every day, I go to school by school bus.My favourite subjects are Maths, Art and Science.I like my school because the teachers are all very friendly.My dream is to be an engineer.I like many sports.I'm good at swimming and playing basketball.There are my favourite hobbies.I want to make friends with young people from all over the world!Email me , please!

A day at school By Sam

I am a junior high school student.I love going to school.My school is close to my home,so I always go to school on foot.Classes start at 8 a.m,and I am seldom late.My favourite subject is Geography.I enjoy learning about different places in the world.In the morning,we usually study Chinese, Maths and English.We have our morning break at 9:50am.When the bell rings,I run to the playground with my best friends Tom and Jack.We often play games.Break ends at 10:10 a.m.How short it is!Lunch is from 11:50a.m.to 12:30 p.m.Afternoon classes end at 3:30p.m.Then Tom,Jack and I take part in the school band practice.We make great music together.I always have a good time at school.Protect the Earth The Earth is a beautiful place.There are forests and rivers,mountains and fields.Some places are very hot，and some are very cold。There are many different plants.Some are large.Some are small.All plants need light and water.There are different animals on Earth too.Some live on the land.Some fly in the sky.Some live under the water.There are also many people like you and me on Earth.The Earth provides us with air，water and food.It is our home.Today，there is a lot of pollution.We burn things to make energy.This pollutes the air.We put our rubbish into the sea and under the ground.This pollutes the Earth and kills animals and plants.We must stop doing these things.It is important for us to protect the Earth for our future.The four seasons Spring In spring, the weather starts to get warm.The wind blows gently.It often rains.Plants start to grow.Everything turns green.It is exciting to take a trip in spring.Summer The weather is hot in summer.The Sun shines brightly.Many people like to go to the beach and swim in the sea.It is nice to eat ice cream in the hot weather.Autumn In autumn, everything changes.Leaves turn brown, red or yellow and start falling from the trees.It is nice to go on a picnic at this time of year because the weather is cool and dry.Winter Winter is often cold and snowy.Children love winter because they love to play in the snow.It is interesting to make snowmen.People usually spend time with their relatives during the Spring Festival.A trip to space By Jerry 10 October 2053 I am so happy!Tomorrow I will be one of the first students to travel into space.The spaceship will leave the Earth at 9 a.m.It will take us to the Moon.I can't wait!The Moon is around380000kilometres from the Earth,so it'll take us about four days to get there.There's no gravity in space,so we'll all be able to float around in the spaceship.We'll have to tie ourselves to our beds so that we won't float away in our sleep!Without gravity,our bodies may get weak ,so we'll have to do exercises every day.When we arrive,I'm going to walk on the Moon.I'll have to wear a spacesuit to help me breathe because there's no air on the Moon.I'm going to take as many photos as I can,that is ,if my camera still works up there......Visiting Shanghai

Shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world.If you like sightseeing, you will love it!People’s Square

People’s Square is in the centre of Shanghai.It is a large public area with green grass, fountains and birds.If you visit People’s Square, you can also see famous buildings around it, such as the Shanghai Grand Theatre and the Shanghai Museum.The Bund

The Bund is where old Shanghai meets new Shanghai.If you walk along the Bund, you will see many old buildings.The Pudong New Area, just across the Huangpu River, has many modern buildings.At night, these tall buildings light up the sky in every direction.Yu Garden

Yu Garden is a traditional garden.If you enjoy history and natural beauty, you will love this garden.There are many beautiful buildings, bridges and ponds.You can also buy different snacks just outside the garden.The clubs fair Linda and Leo are new students at Rosie Bridge School.Last month, they attended the Clubs Fair.First, Linda and Leo learnt about the Rocket Club.“Our club will teach you how to build rockets.Then you can launch them into the sky,” a boy said.“Watch!” He took a rocket and launched it.The rocket disappeared into the sky.Linda and Leo were very surprised.“Will it go all the way into space?” Linda asked.“Of course it won’t,” a girl from another club shouted.“Our club is better.Come and join the Solar Power Club.”

“What do you do?” asked Leo.“We make wonderful machines.They only use solar power.Look!”

She took a toy car from the table and then used a remote control to drive it all around the playground.“It uses power from the Sun,” said Linda.“That’s amazing!”

Linda and Leo learnt about many clubs.After the fair, they felt very excited.“I want to join all the clubs,” said Linda.“Me too!” said Leo.Unusual collections Sam and Helen's grandparents collect almost everything.There are eight doorbells on their front door!“This silver doorbell is my favourite,” said Helen.She pushed it and and soon Grandpa opened the door.“Come in,my dear grandson and granddaughter!”he said.“Who started collecting doorbells,Grandpa? ”asked Sam.“Your grandma,” he answered.“She loves doorbells.” “What do you like collecting,Grandpa?” asked Helen.“I like collecting newspapers.” They went inside and saw newspapers everywhere.“Hello children!”called Grandma.“Let's have some tea.” The children followed her into the living room and saw lots of toys there.There was hardly any space for the children to sit down.“Whose toys are these?” asked Helen.“They're ours,” said Grandma.“We both like collecting toys.” “But remember,” said Grandpa,"we have a lot of free time!You have your school work to do,so you shouldn't

第四篇：英語課文翻譯

? ? ? ? ? ?

? ?

? ?

? 參考譯文

第一單元

與自然力量抗?fàn)?課文A 就拿拿破侖和希特勒兩人來說吧，他們所向披靡，便以為自己戰(zhàn)

冰雪衛(wèi)士

奈拉·B·史密斯

1812年，法國皇帝拿破侖·波拿巴率大軍入侵俄羅斯。他準(zhǔn)備好俄羅斯人民會(huì)為保衛(wèi)祖國而奮勇抵抗。

他準(zhǔn)備好在俄羅斯廣袤的國土上要經(jīng)過長途跋涉才能進(jìn)軍首都莫斯科。但他沒有料到在莫斯科他會(huì)遭遇勁敵——俄羅斯陰冷凄苦的寒冬。

1941年，納粹德國元首阿道夫·希特勒進(jìn)攻當(dāng)時(shí)被稱作蘇聯(lián)的俄羅斯。希特勒的軍事實(shí)力堪稱無敵。

他的戰(zhàn)爭機(jī)器掃除了歐洲絕大部分地區(qū)的抵抗。希特勒希望速戰(zhàn)速?zèng)Q，但是，就像在他之前的拿破侖一樣，他得到的是痛苦的教訓(xùn)。仍是俄羅斯的冬天助了蘇維埃士兵一臂之力。拿破侖發(fā)起的戰(zhàn)役

1812年春，拿破侖在俄國邊境屯兵60萬。這些士兵受過良好訓(xùn)練，作戰(zhàn)力強(qiáng)，裝備精良。這支軍隊(duì)被稱為大軍。拿破侖對(duì)馬到成功充滿自信，預(yù)言要在5個(gè)星期內(nèi)攻下俄國。

不久，拿破倉的大軍渡過涅曼河進(jìn)入俄國。拿破侖期盼著的速?zèng)Q速勝遲遲沒有發(fā)生。令他吃驚的是，俄國人并不奮起抵抗。相反．他們一路東撒，沿途焚毀莊稼和民居。大軍緊追不舍，但它的長驅(qū)直入很快由于糧草運(yùn)輸緩慢而停頓下來。

到了8月，法俄兩軍在斯摩棱斯克交戰(zhàn)，這一戰(zhàn)役中，雙方各有上萬人陣亡?？墒嵌韲巳阅茉谧约旱膰辽侠^續(xù)后撤。拿破侖未能取得決定性的勝利。此刻他面臨著一個(gè)重要抉擇。是繼續(xù)追擊俄國軍隊(duì)，還足把軍隊(duì)駐扎在斯摩棱斯克，在那兒度過將到的冬天?

拿破侖孤注一擲，決定向遠(yuǎn)在448公里之外的莫斯科進(jìn)發(fā)。1 812年9月7日，法俄兩軍在莫斯科以西112公里外的鮑羅季諾激戰(zhàn)，夜幕降臨時(shí)，3萬名法國士兵以及4萬4千名俄國士兵或傷或亡，倒在了戰(zhàn)場上。

俄國軍隊(duì)再次撤往安全之處。拿破侖順利進(jìn)入莫斯科，然而，對(duì)該市的占領(lǐng)成為毫無意義的勝利。俄國人棄城而走。法國人進(jìn)城不久，一場熊熊大火燒毀丁整個(gè)城市的三分之二。拿破侖向亞歷山大一世提出停戰(zhàn)，但沙皇深知他可以等待時(shí)機(jī)：“且讓俄羅斯的嚴(yán)冬為我們戰(zhàn)斗吧?！?/p>

拿破侖很快意識(shí)到，他無法在冬天向遠(yuǎn)在莫斯科的軍隊(duì)供應(yīng)糧草、提供御寒衣物和宿營之地。1812年10月，他命令大軍撤出莫斯科。

法軍的撤離成為一場噩夢(mèng)。俄國人出沒于田野與森林，采用打了就跑的戰(zhàn)術(shù)，向法國人發(fā)起攻擊。剛出莫斯科城，氣溫就降到攝氏零下4度。11月3目降了初雪。困乏的馬匹倒地而死。大炮陷入雪中。裝備只得被用作燃料焚燒。士兵們?nèi)静鏊馈７▏勘现_步行進(jìn)，一路上留下無數(shù)死尸。

正當(dāng)俄羅斯軍隊(duì)集聚兵力之時(shí)，法國人卻不得不逃離俄國，以避免注定的失敗。在別列茲那河，俄國人焚燒了漲水的河道上的橋粱，差點(diǎn)將后撤的法軍團(tuán)于河邊。僥幸的是，拿破侖居然突擊造起兩座橋。成千上萬法國士兵得以逃脫，但卻損失了5萬人。渡過別列茲拿河，潰不成軍的幸存者一瘸一拐地向維爾紐行進(jìn)。

拿破侖發(fā)兵60萬進(jìn)入俄國，只有不到10萬士兵返回。元?dú)獯髠姆▏婈?duì)在歐洲繼續(xù)西撤。不久，英國、奧地利、俄國以及普魯士組成強(qiáng)大的聯(lián)盟，攻擊這些 1 ? ?

? ?

散兵游勇。1814年3月，巴黎被攻占。拿破侖退位去過流放生活，他締造的帝國隨之滅亡。希特勒的入侵

到1941年初，納粹德國元首阿道夫·希特勒已經(jīng)控制了歐洲大部分地區(qū)。希特勒的德意志帝國的東部與蘇聯(lián)毗鄰。1941年6月22曰，希特勒不宣而戰(zhàn)，入侵蘇聯(lián)，發(fā)動(dòng)了歷史上規(guī)模最大的一場陸地戰(zhàn)役。希特勒自信能速戰(zhàn)速?zèng)Q，預(yù)計(jì)這一戰(zhàn)役不會(huì)超過3個(gè)月。他計(jì)劃采用征服了歐洲其余地區(qū)的閃電式戰(zhàn)略。入侵汁劃包含三大目標(biāo)：向列寧格勒與莫斯科進(jìn)攻，并橫掃烏克蘭。

蘇聯(lián)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人約瑟夫·斯大林被打了個(gè)措手不及，他指示全國人民在德國入侵者到來之前實(shí)行“焦土”政策。農(nóng)場和工廠被焚燒毀壞，或被弄得無法運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。在入侵的最初10個(gè)星期內(nèi)，德國人一路東進(jìn)。俄國人傷亡人數(shù)多達(dá)一百多萬。

在北方，德國人包圍了列寧格勒。盡管忍受著極大困苦，列寧格勒的人民絕不投降。列寧格勒保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)一直持續(xù)到冬季，此時(shí)該市的處境變得危急。由于食品匱乏．人們死于饑餓與疾病。到了1941年和1942年之間的寒冬，幾乎每天有4千人死于饑餓。列寧格勒之圍造成近百萬人死亡。

在俄國中部，希特勒的目標(biāo)是占領(lǐng)莫斯科。由于德國人指望速戰(zhàn)速?zèng)Q，他們沒有準(zhǔn)備過冬的補(bǔ)給。IO 月來臨，大雨不停?！澳酀魧④姟蓖涎恿说聡碎W電式進(jìn)攻的行動(dòng)。

正當(dāng)希特勒的軍隊(duì)逼近莫斯科時(shí)，寒冷的冬季早早地降臨蘇聯(lián)，那是多年不遇的嚴(yán)寒。氣溫降到攝氏零下48度。大雪紛飛。對(duì)俄國的嚴(yán)寒冬季毫無思想準(zhǔn)備的德國士兵身著單薄的夏裝，一個(gè)個(gè)被凍傷。德國人的坦克掩埋往深深的雪堆中。俄羅斯的冬季阻止了德國人的攻勢。

到1942夏天，希特勒又發(fā)起兩場新的攻勢。往南方，德國人占領(lǐng)了塞瓦斯托波爾。希特勒隨后向東推進(jìn)到斯大林格勒，那是沿伏爾加河綿延48公里的一座大工業(yè)城市。盡管艱苦卓絕，蘇聯(lián)抵抗者拒絕放棄斯大林格勒。

到1942夏天，希特勒又發(fā)起兩場新的攻勢。往南方，德國人占領(lǐng)了塞瓦斯托波爾。希特勒隨后向東推進(jìn)到斯大林格勒，那是沿伏爾加河綿延48公里的一座大工業(yè)城市。盡管艱苦卓絕，蘇聯(lián)抵抗者拒絕放棄斯大林格勒。

1942年11月，俄國人發(fā)起了一場反攻。德國軍隊(duì)在斯大林格勒城內(nèi)外幾乎沒有擋風(fēng)避寒的地方，食品和補(bǔ)給的匱乏更使其元?dú)獯髠?。直?943年1月德國人才放棄圍城。進(jìn)攻斯大林格勒的30萬德國人只剩下9萬忍饑挨餓的士兵。斯大林格勒一戰(zhàn)的失利最終使希特勒時(shí)乖運(yùn)蹇。部分地由于俄羅斯的冬季，德國人走向失敗了。

在1943年與1944年期間，蘇聯(lián)軍隊(duì)將德軍陣線往西逼退。在北方，1944年1月15日，紅軍發(fā)起突然襲擊，解除了列寧格勒長達(dá)3年之久的圍困。列寧格勒那些英勇無畏的幸存者看著入侵者在兩個(gè)早期內(nèi)全部撤離。到了1944年3月，烏克蘭的農(nóng)村又回到了蘇維埃手中。1944年5月9日，塞瓦斯托波爾從德國人手中被解放出來。至此，俄國人向柏林進(jìn)發(fā)。

就希特勒而言，對(duì)蘇聯(lián)的入侵成為一場軍事災(zāi)難。對(duì)俄羅斯人民來說，這場入侵帶來了無法形容的苦難。蘇維埃在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中死亡的人數(shù)幾乎達(dá)到2千3百萬。

俄羅斯的冰雪衛(wèi)士

任何軍事行動(dòng)都必須考慮到自然的因素。拿破侖和希特勒都低估了俄羅斯冬季的嚴(yán)酷。冰雪和極低的氣溫使兩支侵略軍付出慘重的代價(jià)。對(duì)俄羅斯人民而言，嚴(yán)冬是他們的冰雪衛(wèi)上。? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

? ?

? ?

? ?

第二單元

智能汽車 課文A

能看、能聽，有知覺、具嗅覺、會(huì)說話的智能汽車?還能自動(dòng)駕駛?這聽起來或許像是在做夢(mèng)，但計(jì)算機(jī)革命正致力于把這一切變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。

智能汽車

米基奧.卡庫

即便是過去70年間基本上沒有多少變化的汽車工業(yè)，也將感受到計(jì)算機(jī)革命的影響。

汽車工業(yè)是20世紀(jì)最賺錢，最有影響力的產(chǎn)業(yè)之一。目前世界上有5億輛車，或者說每 lo人就有l(wèi)輛車。汽車工業(yè)的銷售額達(dá)一萬億美元左右，從而成為世界上最大的制造業(yè)。

汽車及其行駛的道路，將在主2l世紀(jì)發(fā)生重大變革。未來“智能汽車”的關(guān)鍵在于傳感器。我們會(huì)見到能看、能聽，有知覺，具嗅覺、會(huì)說話并能采取行動(dòng)的車輛與道路，”正在設(shè)計(jì)未來智能汽車和智能道路的通用汽車公司ITS項(xiàng)目的技術(shù)主任比爾·斯普雷扎預(yù)言道。

美國每年有大約4萬人死于交通事故。在汽車事故中死亡或嚴(yán)重受傷的人數(shù)太多，我們已經(jīng)不屑在報(bào)紙上提及。這些死亡的人中至少有半數(shù)是酒后開車者造成的，另外許多死亡事故是駕駛員不小心所導(dǎo)致。智能汽車能消除絕大多數(shù)這類汽車事故。它能通過會(huì)感測空氣中的酒精霧氣的電子傳感器撿測開車者是否喝醉酒，并拒絕啟動(dòng)引擎。這種車還能在遇竊后通報(bào)警方，告知車輛的確切地點(diǎn)。

能監(jiān)控行車過程以及周圍行車狀況的智能汽車已經(jīng)建造出來。藏在保險(xiǎn)杠里的微型雷達(dá)能對(duì)周圍的汽車作掃描。如果你發(fā)生重大行車失誤(如變道時(shí)有車輛在你“盲點(diǎn)”內(nèi))，計(jì)算衛(wèi)星從高空經(jīng)過時(shí)發(fā)出能被汽車卜計(jì)算機(jī)里的接收器辨認(rèn)的無線電信號(hào)。汽車上的計(jì)算機(jī)就會(huì)根據(jù)信號(hào)傳來所花的時(shí)間汁算出衛(wèi)星有多遠(yuǎn)。由于光速為人熟知，接收衛(wèi)星信號(hào)時(shí)的任何時(shí)間遲緩都能折算出距離的遠(yuǎn)近。

在日本，具有某種導(dǎo)航能力的汽車已有一百萬輛之多。(有些導(dǎo)航裝置通過將方向盤的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)與汽車在地圖上的位置并置來測定汽車的方位。)

隨著微芯片價(jià)格的大幅度下降，未來對(duì)全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用幾乎是無限的?！爸圃爝@一商品的工業(yè)定會(huì)飛速發(fā)展，”生產(chǎn)導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的麥哲倫航儀公司的蘭迪·霍夫曼說。盲人可以在手杖里裝配全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)傳感器，飛機(jī)可以通過遙控著陸，徒步旅行者可以測定自己在林中的方位——其潛在的應(yīng)用范圍是無止境的。

全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)其實(shí)只是叫做“遠(yuǎn)程信息學(xué)”的這一更大行動(dòng)的一部分，這一行動(dòng)最終將把智能汽車送上智能高速公路。這種高速公路的樣品已經(jīng)在歐洲問世，加州也在進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)，在高速公路上安裝計(jì)算機(jī)芯片、傳感器和無線電發(fā)射機(jī)，以便向汽車報(bào)告交通擁擠堵塞情況。

在圣迭戈以北10英里的15號(hào)州際公路一段8英里長的路面上，交通工程師正在安裝一個(gè)由麻省理工學(xué)院設(shè)計(jì)的引進(jìn)“自動(dòng)司機(jī)”系統(tǒng)。這一計(jì)劃要求計(jì)算機(jī)在公路上埋設(shè)的數(shù)千

個(gè)3英寸長的磁釘?shù)膮f(xié)助下，在車輛極多的路段完全控制車輛的運(yùn)行。車輛會(huì)編成10輛或12輛一組，車距僅6英尺，在計(jì)算機(jī)的控制下一齊行駛。

這種計(jì)算機(jī)化的公路的倡導(dǎo)者對(duì)其未來的應(yīng)用充滿希望。到2010年，遠(yuǎn)程信息? ? ? ? ?

? ? ?

? ? ?

? ? 技術(shù)很可能應(yīng)用于美國的一條主要公路。如果成功的話，到2020年，當(dāng)微芯片的價(jià)格降到一片一美分以下時(shí)，遠(yuǎn)程信息技術(shù)就會(huì)應(yīng)用在美國成千上萬英里的公路上。這對(duì)環(huán)保也會(huì)很有利，能節(jié)省燃油，減輕交通阻塞，減少空氣污染污染，還可用作公路擴(kuò)建的替代辦法。

第三單元

求職面試

課文A

自己經(jīng)營公司的哈維麥凱經(jīng)常對(duì)求職者進(jìn)行面試。文中他告訴我們關(guān)于雇主看重 什幺樣品質(zhì)的秘密，并提出4點(diǎn)建議，幫助你顯得比眾人突出。

得到你想要的工作

哈維·B·邁克

我經(jīng)營著一家有350名左右員工的制造公司，我本人常常要對(duì)求職者進(jìn)行面試，決定是否聘用。我喜歡與可能成為營業(yè)員的人交談，因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)是我們與顧客聯(lián)系的紐帶。

不久前一個(gè)新近畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生到我辦公室謀求一份銷售工作。我問他為這次面試做過哪些準(zhǔn)備。他說他在什么地方看到過有關(guān)本公司的些情況。

他有沒有給麥凱信封公司的人打過電話，好了解更多有關(guān)我們的情況?沒打過。他有沒有給我們的供應(yīng)廠商打過電話?還有我們的客戶?都沒有。

他可曾在就讀的大學(xué)里查問過有沒有校友在本公司就職，以便向他們了解一些情況’他可曾請(qǐng)朋友向他提問，對(duì)他進(jìn)行模擬面試?可曾去圖書館查找過有關(guān)本公司的剪報(bào)?

他事先有沒有寫封信來介紹自己，告訴我們自己為這次面試在做哪些準(zhǔn)備，自己何以能勝任此項(xiàng)工作?面試之后他是否打算再寫一封信，表明自己加盟本公司的誠意?這封信會(huì)不會(huì)在面試后的24小時(shí)之內(nèi)送到我們手上，也許甚至是親自送來?

他對(duì)上述每一個(gè)問題的回答全都一樣：沒有。這樣我就只剩一個(gè)問題要問了：如果此人代表本公司去見可能成為我們客戶的人，他準(zhǔn)備工作會(huì)做得怎樣?答案不言自明。在筆者看來，如欲被聘用，應(yīng)注意四個(gè)要訣：

1．準(zhǔn)備去贏?！耙蝗詹痪?，自己知道，”音樂家中自這樣的說法。“兩日不練，音樂評(píng)論家

知道。三日不練，觀眾知道?！?/p>

我們?cè)谟^看世界級(jí)音樂家或頂尖運(yùn)動(dòng)員的表演時(shí)，看到的并不是使他們變成出類拔萃人物的長年苦練。世界上諸如邁克爾-喬丹這樣的頂尖人物無疑具有非凡才能，但他們?cè)谒{(lán)球場上也是第一個(gè)到，最后一個(gè)走。同樣的苦練適用于人類的各項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。若想被聘用，就要準(zhǔn) 備去贏。

我大學(xué)畢業(yè)時(shí)，我極有可能終身從事同一個(gè)工作。當(dāng)時(shí)情況也的確如此。但如今已不再

是一生被聘去做一個(gè)工作了。指導(dǎo)就業(yè)的專家認(rèn)為．今天的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生在他們的生涯中可能

|會(huì)經(jīng)歷多達(dá)10次的職業(yè)變動(dòng)。

聽上去似乎壓力不小。然而，如果你作了準(zhǔn)備，壓力就是別人的——那些沒做準(zhǔn)備的人。

你不可能得到你想要的每份工作。最好的售貨員也不可能每次都成交。邁克爾喬丹投籃

命中率勉強(qiáng)過半。但認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備一次面試的時(shí)間不會(huì)多于馬馬虎虎準(zhǔn)各五次面試的時(shí)間，而你

成功的可能性要多得多。

2永不中斷學(xué)習(xí)。最近我和一位90高齡的老者搭檔打雙人網(wǎng)球。我琢磨著那會(huì)是什么結(jié)局；可我的擔(dān)心是多余的。我們6：l擊敗對(duì)手。是6：1啊!

j

我們交換場地打第三局時(shí)，他對(duì)我說“我打反手擊球你不介意吧?我向來喜歡多練練自

己的弱點(diǎn)?！焙靡粋€(gè)永不中斷學(xué)習(xí)的精彩實(shí)例。順便說一下，我們6：l贏 4 ?

? ? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ? ? 了第三局。

走出賽場，我那90高齡的搭檔笑著說：“你也許想知道我在85歲以上年齡段的美國網(wǎng)球雙打排名第一!”他想的不是年屆90，想的甚至也不是85歲高齡。他想的是第一。

如果你努力克服自己的弱點(diǎn)，發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢．你同樣可以做得那么好。要有能力競爭 就得終生學(xué)習(xí)。

3．相信自己，那怕沒人相信你。還記得那4分鐘跑英里的往事嗎?幾百年來，運(yùn)動(dòng)員

們一直試圖實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)，最終認(rèn)定人類的身體無法做到。我們的骨結(jié)構(gòu)不適應(yīng)，我們的肺活量跟不上。

可是，有個(gè)人證明那些專家錯(cuò)了。奇跡中的奇跡是，在羅杰·班尼斯特打破4分鐘一

英里的紀(jì)錄6個(gè)星期之后，約翰-蘭迪又以幾乎快出整整2秒的成績打破了班尼斯特的紀(jì)錄。

此后，有大約800多名運(yùn)動(dòng)員打破了4分鐘一英里的記錄。

幾年前，我和女兒米米參加了紐約馬拉松比賽。發(fā)令槍一響．23,000名運(yùn)動(dòng)員沖出起跑線——最后有21,244名運(yùn)動(dòng)員到達(dá)終點(diǎn)。第一名是一位以2小時(shí)l1分鐘零1秒跑完全程的肯尼亞人。第21,244名運(yùn)動(dòng)員是一位越戰(zhàn)老兵。他用了3天9小時(shí)37分鐘跑完全程。沒有雙腿的他堅(jiān)持跑完了26．2英里。我和女兒在比賽的最初幾分鐘內(nèi)超過了他．當(dāng)時(shí)頓覺勇氣倍增，定要跑完全程。

別聽旁人說你不能實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。誰說你不比你的競爭對(duì)手更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)、更努力、更能干?

要知道，所謂目標(biāo)就是有最后限期的夢(mèng)想：寫成文字，可測量，可確認(rèn)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)。

4．想方設(shè)法顯得與眾不同。在我看來，紐約大多數(shù)的出租車司機(jī)即使不算無禮透頂．至

少也是不友好的。車輛大都十分骯臟，幾乎所有的車都觸目地裝有難以穿透的防彈隔離裝置。

可近日我在拉瓜迪亞機(jī)場跳上了一輛出租車，你猜怎么樣?車子竟然干干凈凈。放著優(yōu)美的音樂，而且沒有隔離裝置。

“請(qǐng)到帕克街酒店，”我對(duì)司機(jī)說。他笑容滿面地說：“你好，我叫沃利，”他說著遞給我一份保證書。一份保證書!上面寫著他將安全、札貌、準(zhǔn)時(shí)地將我送到目的地。

車開后，他拿出幾份報(bào)紙說：“請(qǐng)隨意翻閱?！彼€讓我隨意品嘗后座籃子里的水果。接著他又拿出手機(jī)說：“您要是想打電話，每分鐘1美元?！?/p>

我大吃一驚，脫口問道：“你這么做有多久了?”他回答說：“有三、四年了?！?/p>

“我知道不該問，”我說，“可是，你能多掙多少小費(fèi)?”

“一年12．000到14，000美元左右，”他得意地回答說。

他不知道他成了我心目中的英雄。他就是一個(gè)生動(dòng)的例證，說明你總是可以爭取到成功的機(jī)會(huì)。

我的良師益友柯特·卡爾森是明尼蘇達(dá)州的首富，擁有一家酒店和旅行社，營業(yè)收入約達(dá)90億美元。一次我要去紐約赴會(huì)，柯特慷慨地請(qǐng)我乘坐他的私人飛機(jī)。碰巧那天明尼蘇達(dá)州遭受多年不遇的暴風(fēng)雪襲擊。明尼阿波利斯·圣保羅國際機(jī)場幾十年來第一次關(guān)閉。

? ? ?

雖然暴風(fēng)雪仍在肆虐，機(jī)場還是特地為小型飛機(jī)清出了一條跑道。我們正在跑道上滑行準(zhǔn)各起飛時(shí)，柯特轉(zhuǎn)過頭來興奮地說：“看哪，哈維，雪地上沒有痕跡啊!”

柯特·卡爾森，當(dāng)時(shí)年屆70，富甲一方，竟然還會(huì)因?yàn)樽约菏堑谝粋€(gè)而如此興奮。

在我看來，這些正是關(guān)鍵之所在，準(zhǔn)備去贏。永不中斷學(xué)習(xí)。相信自己，哪怕沒人相信你。想方設(shè)法顯得與眾不同。然后就出發(fā)，在雪地上留下你自己的足跡。

第五篇：英語課文翻譯

Unit 5PA奉告學(xué)子：教育是關(guān)鍵

比爾·蓋茨

每年都有數(shù)以百計(jì)的學(xué)生給我發(fā)電子郵件，要我就接受教育給他們提建議。他們想知道該學(xué)些什么，或者可不可以從大學(xué)輟學(xué)，因?yàn)槲揖蜎]有讀完大學(xué)。

也有不少家長給我寫信，為子女尋求指導(dǎo)。他們問：“我們?cè)鯓硬拍馨押⒆右虺晒χ?？?/p>

我的基本忠告很簡單，而且是發(fā)自內(nèi)心的：全力獲得最佳教育，充分利用高中和大學(xué)，學(xué)會(huì)如何學(xué)習(xí)。不錯(cuò)，為創(chuàng)建微軟，我未完成大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)，不過輟學(xué)之前我已經(jīng)在哈佛呆了三年，而且我真心希望有一天能重返校園。以前我也說過，誰也不應(yīng)該輟學(xué)，除非他堅(jiān)信自己正面臨著一個(gè)一生僅有一次的機(jī)會(huì)，但就算在那個(gè)時(shí)候也還是應(yīng)該深思熟慮。

Unit 6PA永不放棄

人們勸他引退，說他天分不夠，但是花樣滑冰選手保羅·懷利拒絕放棄。

1992年冬奧會(huì)閉幕后，保羅·懷利抵達(dá)華盛頓。走下飛機(jī)時(shí)，歡迎的人群開始鼓掌。他差點(diǎn)停下了腳步。誰在后面呀？他心里嘀咕。雖說有銀牌在囊中，他怎么也不敢相信這掌聲是獻(xiàn)給他的。從那一刻起，保羅意識(shí)到自己的生活從此永遠(yuǎn)地改變了。

這位27歲的花樣滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)員在法國的阿爾貝維爾獲得了銀牌，從此走向全新的生活。1988年的卡爾加里冬奧會(huì)上，他表現(xiàn)平平，只得了第10名，可如今他再也不是在大型賽事中舉止失措的無名小卒了；1991年的世界錦標(biāo)賽上，保羅比賽完后，裁判建議他退出冰壇，“給年輕選手讓位”，如今再也聽不到這樣的建議了。

Unit 7PA父親的教誨

三位成功人士講述父親怎樣塑造我們的人生。

瑞貝卡·洛伯：充滿愛心

自小我就知道，父親和母親深深相愛。只要單獨(dú)出門，他們總會(huì)吻別，我們兄妹幾個(gè)覺得挺肉麻的，可結(jié)婚時(shí)，我卻滿心希望所找到的這個(gè)人，能像父親愛母親那樣愛著我。在我家，愛無處不在，我成長的過程很有安全感，真是妙不可言。

我上大學(xué)時(shí)，母親在與乳腺癌作斗爭。父親自己憂心忡忡，卻是我們的精神支柱，對(duì)母親而言尤其如此。做了乳房切除術(shù)之后，母親決定不接受乳房再造術(shù)，以免再受手術(shù)之苦，母親告訴我，在他們一起走過的日子里，父親甚至不曾叫她改變發(fā)型。相反，他總是對(duì)她說，她是多么的美麗動(dòng)人。正因?yàn)檫@樣，與癌癥作斗爭，對(duì)她而言，倒也并不是多么可怕的事。她深知，不管發(fā)生什么事，父親和他的愛總是會(huì)和她在一起。

注：瑞貝卡·洛伯曾當(dāng)選全美“大學(xué)最佳球員”，曾是美國女子職業(yè)籃球協(xié)會(huì)的紐約自由女神隊(duì)球員。

理查德·布蘭森：鼓勵(lì)

我和幾個(gè)姐妹在英格蘭的一個(gè)小村莊長大。父親是個(gè)律師，為了生計(jì)而奔波，我卻一直就認(rèn)為他與眾不同。他從不指責(zé)我們，只是表揚(yáng)，把我們的長處發(fā)揮出來。他會(huì)說：“給花澆水，花就會(huì)茂盛；不澆水，花就會(huì)死?！?/p>

我還記得我小的時(shí)候，說了別人幾句不好聽的話，父親便說，“說別人的壞話，反映的是你自身的品質(zhì)?！彼€解釋說，看到旁人的長處，別人也會(huì)看我的長處。我在經(jīng)營公司時(shí)，一直盡量遵循這個(gè)原則。父親還一向通情達(dá)理。15歲那年，我辦了一本雜志，花了大量的時(shí)間，校長讓我自己作決定：要么繼續(xù)學(xué)業(yè)，要么輟學(xué)去辦雜志。

約翰·路易斯：希望

小時(shí)候，我住在阿拉巴馬州的特洛伊，我經(jīng)常抱怨每天要起很早去農(nóng)場干活。一天，父親把我拉到一邊說：“孩子，我們這么做，也是為了日子好過呀。堅(jiān)持一下，情況總會(huì)好起來的?！?/p>

父親生性樂觀，對(duì)未來滿懷希望，這種態(tài)度對(duì)我有潛移默化的影響。他還教導(dǎo)我們說，我們不能只顧自己，還應(yīng)該關(guān)心別人。

在我看來，父親總是在奉獻(xiàn)，在分享。我們自己條件也不寬裕，沒有很多可供奉獻(xiàn)或分享，但父親堅(jiān)信，一切都會(huì)好的，即使在極其艱難的條件下也會(huì)如此。當(dāng)年阿拉巴馬有許多事情令人可怕：種族隔離很厲害；我們用的噴泉式飲水器上面標(biāo)著“黑人使用”字樣；上街時(shí)我們只能走街道的一邊。但他挺過了這一切，沒有怨，沒有怒，沒有憎。

Unit 8PA你是最薄弱的環(huán)節(jié)，再見

還記得美好的往日時(shí)光嗎？在那樣的純真年代，我們共享文檔和可執(zhí)行文件，根本沒有半點(diǎn)顧慮。不錯(cuò)，每隔一個(gè)月左右你可能會(huì)碰到一個(gè)引導(dǎo)扇區(qū)病毒，不過這些很容易對(duì)付，就算殺毒軟件沒有把它查出來也不要緊。

那些長長的夏日，悠閑自得，可惜消逝得太快。宏病毒使IT管理者們迅速成長起來，他們意識(shí)到有的病毒能迅速擴(kuò)散到整個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)。一家公司里的數(shù)百臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)感染了通過電子郵件附件傳播的病毒，也是十分平常的事。公司各部門中身體最好的當(dāng)屬IT員工，因?yàn)樗麄儽甲哂诟髋_(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)之間，清理病毒。

防病毒得想個(gè)更好的辦法才行。各家公司現(xiàn)在都意識(shí)到病毒并不是“現(xiàn)代神話”，而確實(shí)會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響到公司的運(yùn)作。他們投資殺毒軟件，安裝在計(jì)算機(jī)、服務(wù)器以及電子郵件網(wǎng)關(guān)上，甚至還采取措施確保使用最新的檢查程序，隨時(shí)更新殺毒軟件。

聽起來好像各公司已經(jīng)采取了充分的措施防范病毒?？墒聦?shí)真的如此嗎？