第一篇:關(guān)于正確理解婚姻法解釋三的相關(guān)規(guī)定
關(guān)于正確理解婚姻法解釋三的相關(guān)規(guī)定
一、解釋涉及到的婚房問(wèn)題?律師詳細(xì)為您解讀。
(一)、夫妻一方婚前簽訂不動(dòng)產(chǎn)買賣合同,以個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)支付首付款并在銀行貸款,婚后用夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)還貸,不動(dòng)產(chǎn)登記于首付款支付方名下的,那么該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)該如何處理?
郭律師意見:依據(jù)《婚姻法解釋
(三)》第十條規(guī)定,該這樣處理。
1、按夫妻雙方協(xié)議處理,此協(xié)議應(yīng)保護(hù)婚前協(xié)議、婚姻存續(xù)期間協(xié)議及離婚階段的協(xié)商。
2、無(wú)協(xié)議或協(xié)商不成,該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)歸產(chǎn)權(quán)登記一方,對(duì)于另一方所付貸款為對(duì)產(chǎn)權(quán)方的債權(quán),離婚后產(chǎn)權(quán)登記方應(yīng)將此款返還另一方。
3、對(duì)于該房屋增值的部分,可視為一方的投資,按照投資比例由產(chǎn)權(quán)登記方給另一方予以補(bǔ)償。
郭律師提醒:注意保存?zhèn)€人財(cái)產(chǎn)支付首付款的證據(jù)。特別是在戀愛、同居期間簽訂房屋買賣合同的,避免與同居一方混同財(cái)產(chǎn),支付款應(yīng)當(dāng)從個(gè)人銀行賬號(hào)上劃出,并直接匯入了指定賬號(hào)。離婚時(shí)對(duì)是否婚后用夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)還貸,另外一方也要有相應(yīng)的證據(jù),比如平時(shí)有使用共同財(cái)產(chǎn)購(gòu)買價(jià)值比較大的家居設(shè)施。
(二)、婚后父母出資為子女買的房子如何認(rèn)定?
郭律師意見:《婚姻法解釋
(三)》第七條明確婚后一方父母出資為子女購(gòu)買不動(dòng)產(chǎn)且產(chǎn)權(quán)登記在自己子女名下的應(yīng)認(rèn)定為夫妻一方的個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)。
郭律師提醒:
1、在實(shí)際生活中,父母出資為子女結(jié)婚購(gòu)房?jī)A注全部積蓄,一般也不會(huì)與子女簽署書面協(xié)議,如果離婚時(shí)一概將房屋認(rèn)定為夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn),勢(shì)必違背了父母為子女購(gòu)房的初衷和意愿,實(shí)際上也侵害了出資購(gòu)房父母的利益。
2、此條可以影響到青年男女的婚姻觀,特別對(duì)于女方,與其找富二代讓其父母購(gòu)房,不如找“潛力股”的丈夫,共同買房。
3、如何用新規(guī)保護(hù)自己的權(quán)益,要注意證據(jù)的保存,其中最關(guān)鍵的是資金來(lái)源的證據(jù),父母在出資購(gòu)房前,應(yīng)當(dāng)盡量避免使用現(xiàn)金支付的方式,可以通過(guò)銀行轉(zhuǎn)賬,從父母自己的銀行賬戶直接劃到房產(chǎn)原業(yè)主的指定交易賬戶上。還要注意保存刷卡記錄、支付憑證等單據(jù)。房產(chǎn)過(guò)戶時(shí),登記在子女一方名下。
4、當(dāng)然該條也存在了漏洞:可能給惡意規(guī)避法律的有心人提供便利。譬如,男方婚后與女方感情不和,預(yù)料到要離婚,就可能隱瞞女方將財(cái)產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移給父母,然后讓父母出資買房再回贈(zèng)給他,最終將夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)變成男方的個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)。
(三)夫妻共有的房屋,一方瞞著另一方賣了,另一方如何維權(quán)?
郭律師意見:依據(jù)《婚姻法解釋
(三)》第十一條的規(guī)定,一方未經(jīng)另一方同意出售夫妻共同共有的房屋,第三人善意購(gòu)買、支付合理對(duì)價(jià)并辦理產(chǎn)權(quán)登記手續(xù),另一方主張追回該房屋的,人民法院不予支持。另一方的利益如何得到保證呢?夫妻一方擅自處分共同共有的房屋造成另一方損失,離婚時(shí)另一方請(qǐng)求賠償損失的,人民法院應(yīng)予支持。對(duì)于該損失的范圍,本律師認(rèn)為,應(yīng)包括共有部分及房屋增值部分。
(四)、婚前或婚姻存續(xù)期間贈(zèng)與對(duì)方的房子,如何認(rèn)定?
郭律師意見:依據(jù)《婚姻法解釋
(三)》第六條的規(guī)定當(dāng)事人約定將一方所有的房產(chǎn)贈(zèng)與另一方,贈(zèng)與方在贈(zèng)與房產(chǎn)變更登記之前撤銷贈(zèng)與,另一方請(qǐng)求判令繼續(xù)履行的,人民法院可以按照合同法第一百八十六條的規(guī)定處理,而此條規(guī)定贈(zèng)與人在贈(zèng)與財(cái)產(chǎn)的權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)移之前可以撤銷贈(zèng)與。就是說(shuō),除了特殊情況以外,一般人的房屋贈(zèng)與都必須要到房屋變更登記以后才能生效,如果沒有變動(dòng),贈(zèng)與方是有權(quán)撤銷贈(zèng)與的。
(五)夫妻雙方婚后給子女買的房產(chǎn),離婚時(shí)歸誰(shuí)?
郭律師意見:依據(jù)婚姻法、合同法、物權(quán)法及《婚姻法解釋
(三)》第七條的規(guī)定,如果夫妻雙方明確表示將房子贈(zèng)予孩子,且房屋登記在未成年人名下,房子的產(chǎn)權(quán)人就是孩子,那么房產(chǎn)就是孩子的財(cái)產(chǎn),父母離婚時(shí)孩子名下的房屋不能作為夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)分割。雙方父母出資購(gòu)買的不動(dòng)產(chǎn),產(chǎn)權(quán)登記在一方子女名下的,該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)可認(rèn)定為雙方按照各自父母的出資份額按份共有,但當(dāng)事人另有約定的除外雖然父母離婚時(shí)無(wú)權(quán)處分該房產(chǎn),但父母離婚后,父母中撫養(yǎng)孩子的一方可以與孩子共同生活在孩子名下的房屋中。
(六)婚后一方用夫妻共有財(cái)產(chǎn)為“小三”買房,如何認(rèn)定,如何維權(quán)?
郭律師意見:依據(jù)《婚姻法解釋
(三)》第十一條及物權(quán)法的相關(guān)規(guī)定,婚姻中一方在另一方不知情的情況下用夫妻共有財(cái)產(chǎn)為第三者買房,并且產(chǎn)權(quán)證名字為第三者時(shí),無(wú)過(guò)錯(cuò)方不能取得房屋所有權(quán),但可以起訴擅自
處分共有財(cái)產(chǎn)的一方,對(duì)無(wú)過(guò)錯(cuò)一方進(jìn)行賠償。在離婚時(shí)無(wú)過(guò)錯(cuò)一方可以多分財(cái)產(chǎn),并要求過(guò)錯(cuò)一方給付精神損害賠償金。
二、登記程序存瑕疵可行政復(fù)議
郭律師意見:生活中,常常有當(dāng)事人以結(jié)婚登記程序中存在瑕疵為由申請(qǐng)宣告婚姻無(wú)效,如一方當(dāng)事人未親自到場(chǎng)辦理婚姻登記、借用或冒用他人身份證明進(jìn)行登記、婚姻登記機(jī)關(guān)越權(quán)管轄、當(dāng)事人提交的婚姻登記材料有瑕疵等。在結(jié)婚登記程序存在瑕疵時(shí),如果同時(shí)欠缺了結(jié)婚的實(shí)質(zhì)要件,可以被法院宣告無(wú)效,但對(duì)僅有程序瑕疵的結(jié)婚登記的法律效力缺乏明確的法律規(guī)定。當(dāng)事人以婚姻登記中的瑕疵問(wèn)題申請(qǐng)宣告婚姻無(wú)效的,只要不符合婚姻法第十條關(guān)于婚姻無(wú)效的四種規(guī)定情形之一,法院就只能判決駁回當(dāng)事人的申請(qǐng)。如果將符合結(jié)婚實(shí)質(zhì)要件但登記程序上有瑕疵的婚姻宣告為無(wú)效,不僅擴(kuò)大了無(wú)效婚姻的范圍,也不符合立法本意。這次解釋就第一次明確了以結(jié)婚登記程序存在瑕疵為由主張撤銷結(jié)婚登記的,應(yīng)提起行政復(fù)議或行政訴訟
三、拒絕鑒定即可推定親子關(guān)系
郭律師意見:DNA鑒定技術(shù)已被廣泛用于子女與父母尤其是與父親的血緣關(guān)系的證明。在處理有關(guān)親子關(guān)系糾紛時(shí),如果一方提供的證據(jù)能夠形成合理的證據(jù)鏈條證明當(dāng)事人之間可能存在或不存在親子關(guān)系,另一方?jīng)]有相反的證據(jù)又堅(jiān)決不同意做親子鑒定的,法院可以按照《最高人民法院關(guān)于民事訴訟證據(jù)的若干規(guī)定》第七十五條的規(guī)定做出處理,即可以推定請(qǐng)求否認(rèn)親子關(guān)系一方或者請(qǐng)求確認(rèn)親子關(guān)系一方的主張成立,而不配合法院進(jìn)行親子鑒定的一方要承擔(dān)敗訴的法律后果。
四、一方老人病重是可以請(qǐng)求分財(cái)產(chǎn)的婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間,夫妻一方請(qǐng)求分割共同財(cái)產(chǎn)的,法院不予支持,但有下列重大理由且不損害債權(quán)人利益的除外:一方有隱藏、轉(zhuǎn)移、變賣、毀損、揮霍夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)或者偽造夫妻共同債務(wù)等嚴(yán)重?fù)p害夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)利益行為的;一方負(fù)有法定扶養(yǎng)義務(wù)的人患重大疾病需要醫(yī)治,另一方不同意支付相關(guān)醫(yī)療費(fèi)用的。最高法民事審判第一庭庭長(zhǎng)杜萬(wàn)華強(qiáng)調(diào),這兩種情況是非常特殊的情況,在審理夫妻財(cái)產(chǎn)分割案件中必須非常慎重,一般情況下,如果不離婚不能分割財(cái)產(chǎn)。
五、協(xié)議離婚不成有翻悔權(quán)利
郭律師意見:依據(jù)當(dāng)事人達(dá)成以登記離婚或者到法院協(xié)議離婚為條件的財(cái)產(chǎn)分割協(xié)議,如果雙方協(xié)議離婚未成,一方在離婚訴訟中反悔的,人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)定該財(cái)產(chǎn)分割協(xié)議沒有生效,并根據(jù)實(shí)際情況依法對(duì)夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)進(jìn)行分割。
郭律師提醒:
1、公民要正確理解這一條的真實(shí)內(nèi)涵,切不可武斷的理解離婚達(dá)成協(xié)議后可以任意反悔,當(dāng)簽訂離婚協(xié)議書后又向婚姻登記機(jī)關(guān)領(lǐng)取了結(jié)婚證,這個(gè)協(xié)議書原則上是有效的;
2、該協(xié)議書也可以作為訴訟離婚中證據(jù)予以使用。
六、律師建議及相關(guān)告知
大家一定要記著結(jié)婚就是一個(gè)合伙,結(jié)婚和合伙的區(qū)別就是加上了感情因素,而且是男女的感情因素,如果把男女的感情因素去掉,就是兩個(gè)人在合伙做生意,你就想好合伙做生意,生意必然有成功的時(shí)候,也有失敗的時(shí)候。合伙失敗的時(shí)候,兩個(gè)人怎么樣散伙想清楚,我認(rèn)為這個(gè)合伙是有可能持久。我們現(xiàn)在不能只期望我們回歸到100年以前的男女關(guān)系,因?yàn)槟欠N關(guān)系是以犧牲女方地位作為前提的一種不正?;橐鲫P(guān)系。老讓女方犧牲,男方可以,三妻四妾,女方只能夠是從一而終,就是那種關(guān)系我認(rèn)為不符合現(xiàn)代人人權(quán)的婚姻關(guān)系。我們現(xiàn)在的婚姻關(guān)系就是平等合作,有合有散。我們希望大家好合好散。好合好散的時(shí)候,就想好把散的情況寫清楚就容易沒事了。或許您會(huì)問(wèn)如果都這么理智的會(huì)不會(huì)對(duì)感情有所影響?我要說(shuō)那是理智的情感,情感有兩種,一種是非理智情感,一種是理智情感,理智情感才可以持久。非理智情感不就是速配制度,三天結(jié)婚,三天離婚。我們要高質(zhì)量的情感,高質(zhì)量的情感就是理智的情感。
以上是本律師依據(jù)相關(guān)法律規(guī)定做出的專業(yè)意見,當(dāng)事人在面對(duì)具體婚姻法律問(wèn)題時(shí),還應(yīng)咨詢專業(yè)律師,必要請(qǐng)律師代理。因?yàn)閷?shí)務(wù)問(wèn)題除了涉及法律規(guī)定外,還有事實(shí)及證據(jù)等其他問(wèn)題需要考慮。本文供參考,讀者不能由此去對(duì)應(yīng)具體的問(wèn)題,否則您由此遭受法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn),本律師概不負(fù)責(zé)。
第二篇:婚姻法 解釋三 附英文
《婚姻法》解釋三(附英文)
《最高人民法院關(guān)于適用〈中華人民共和國(guó)婚姻法〉若干問(wèn)題的解釋
(三)》已于2011年7月4日由最高人民法院審判委員會(huì)第1525次會(huì)議通過(guò),現(xiàn)予公布,自2011年8月13日起施行。二○一一年八月九日 法釋〔2011〕18號(hào) 最高人民法院關(guān)于適用
《中華人民共和國(guó)婚姻法》若干問(wèn)題的解釋
(三)(2011年7月4日最高人民法院審判委員會(huì)第1525次會(huì)議通過(guò))
為正確審理婚姻家庭糾紛案件,根據(jù)《中華人民共和國(guó)婚姻法》、《中華人民共和國(guó)民事訴訟法》等相關(guān)法律規(guī)定,對(duì)人民法院適用婚姻法的有關(guān)問(wèn)題作出如下解釋: 第一條 當(dāng)事人以婚姻法第十條規(guī)定以外的情形申請(qǐng)宣告婚姻無(wú)效的,人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)判決駁回當(dāng)事人的申請(qǐng)。
當(dāng)事人以結(jié)婚登記程序存在瑕疵為由提起民事訴訟,主張撤銷結(jié)婚登記的,告知其可以依法申請(qǐng)行政復(fù)議或者提起行政訴訟。
第二條 夫妻一方向人民法院起訴請(qǐng)求確認(rèn)親子關(guān)系不存在,并已提供必要證據(jù)予以證明,另一方?jīng)]有相反證據(jù)又拒絕做親子鑒定的,人民法院可以推定請(qǐng)求確認(rèn)親子關(guān)系不存在一方的主張成立。
當(dāng)事人一方起訴請(qǐng)求確認(rèn)親子關(guān)系,并提供必要證據(jù)予以證明,另一方?jīng)]有相反證據(jù)又拒絕做親子鑒定的,人民法院可以推定請(qǐng)求確認(rèn)親子關(guān)系一方的主張成立。第三條 婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間,父母雙方或者一方拒不履行撫養(yǎng)子女義務(wù),未成年或者不能獨(dú)立生活的子女請(qǐng)求支付撫養(yǎng)費(fèi)的,人民法院應(yīng)予支持。
第四條 婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間,夫妻一方請(qǐng)求分割共同財(cái)產(chǎn)的,人民法院不予支持,但有下列重大理由且不損害債權(quán)人利益的除外:
(一)一方有隱藏、轉(zhuǎn)移、變賣、毀損、揮霍夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)或者偽造夫妻共同債務(wù)等嚴(yán)重?fù)p害夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)利益行為的;
(二)一方負(fù)有法定扶養(yǎng)義務(wù)的人患重大疾病需要醫(yī)治,另一方不同意支付相關(guān)醫(yī)療費(fèi)用的。
第五條 夫妻一方個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)在婚后產(chǎn)生的收益,除孳息和自然增值外,應(yīng)認(rèn)定為夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)。
第六條 婚前或者婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間,當(dāng)事人約定將一方所有的房產(chǎn)贈(zèng)與另一方,贈(zèng)與方在贈(zèng)與房產(chǎn)變更登記之前撤銷贈(zèng)與,另一方請(qǐng)求判令繼續(xù)履行的,人民法院可以按照合同法第一百八十六條的規(guī)定處理。
第七條 婚后由一方父母出資為子女購(gòu)買的不動(dòng)產(chǎn),產(chǎn)權(quán)登記在出資人子女名下的,可按照婚姻法第十八條第(三)項(xiàng)的規(guī)定,視為只對(duì)自己子女一方的贈(zèng)與,該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)應(yīng)認(rèn)定為夫妻一方的個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)。由雙方父母出資購(gòu)買的不動(dòng)產(chǎn),產(chǎn)權(quán)登記在一方子女名下的,該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)可認(rèn)定為雙方按照各自父母的出資份額按份共有,但當(dāng)事人另有約定的除外。
第八條 無(wú)民事行為能力人的配偶有虐待、遺棄等嚴(yán)重?fù)p害無(wú)民事行為能力一方的人身權(quán)利或者財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益行為,其他有監(jiān)護(hù)資格的人可以依照特別程序要求變更監(jiān)護(hù)關(guān)系;變更后的監(jiān)護(hù)人代理無(wú)民事行為能力一方提起離婚訴訟的,人民法院應(yīng)予受理。第九條 夫以妻擅自中止妊娠侵犯其生育權(quán)為由請(qǐng)求損害賠償?shù)模嗣穹ㄔ翰挥柚С?;夫妻雙方因是否生育發(fā)生糾紛,致使感情確已破裂,一方請(qǐng)求離婚的,人民法院經(jīng)調(diào)解無(wú)效,應(yīng)依照婚姻法第三十二條第三款第(五)項(xiàng)的規(guī)定處理。
第十條 夫妻一方婚前簽訂不動(dòng)產(chǎn)買賣合同,以個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)支付首付款并在銀行貸款,婚后用夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)還貸,不動(dòng)產(chǎn)登記于首付款支付方名下的,離婚時(shí)該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)由雙方協(xié)議處理。
依前款規(guī)定不能達(dá)成協(xié)議的,人民法院可以判決該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)歸產(chǎn)權(quán)登記一方,尚未歸還的貸款為產(chǎn)權(quán)登記一方的個(gè)人債務(wù)。雙方婚后共同還貸支付的款項(xiàng)及其相對(duì)應(yīng)財(cái)產(chǎn)增值部分,離婚時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)婚姻法第三十九條第一款規(guī)定的原則,由產(chǎn)權(quán)登記一方對(duì)另一方進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償。第十一條 一方未經(jīng)另一方同意出售夫妻共同共有的房屋,第三人善意購(gòu)買、支付合理對(duì)價(jià)并辦理產(chǎn)權(quán)登記手續(xù),另一方主張追回該房屋的,人民法院不予支持。
夫妻一方擅自處分共同共有的房屋造成另一方損失,離婚時(shí)另一方請(qǐng)求賠償損失的,人民法院應(yīng)予支持。
第十二條 婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間,雙方用夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)出資購(gòu)買以一方父母名義參加房改的房屋,產(chǎn)權(quán)登記在一方父母名下,離婚時(shí)另一方主張按照夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)對(duì)該房屋進(jìn)行分割的,人民法院不予支持。購(gòu)買該房屋時(shí)的出資,可以作為債權(quán)處理。
第十三條 離婚時(shí)夫妻一方尚未退休、不符合領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)金條件,另一方請(qǐng)求按照夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)分割養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)金的,人民法院不予支持;婚后以夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)繳付養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)費(fèi),離婚時(shí)一方主張將養(yǎng)老金賬戶中婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間個(gè)人實(shí)際繳付部分作為夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)分割的,人民法院應(yīng)予支持。
第十四條 當(dāng)事人達(dá)成的以登記離婚或者到人民法院協(xié)議離婚為條件的財(cái)產(chǎn)分割協(xié)議,如果雙方協(xié)議離婚未成,一方在離婚訴訟中反悔的,人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)定該財(cái)產(chǎn)分割協(xié)議沒有生效,并根據(jù)實(shí)際情況依法對(duì)夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)進(jìn)行分割。
第十五條 婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間,夫妻一方作為繼承人依法可以繼承的遺產(chǎn),在繼承人之間尚未實(shí)際分割,起訴離婚時(shí)另一方請(qǐng)求分割的,人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)告知當(dāng)事人在繼承人之間實(shí)際分割遺產(chǎn)后另行起訴。
第十六條 夫妻之間訂立借款協(xié)議,以夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)出借給一方從事個(gè)人經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)或用于其他個(gè)人事務(wù)的,應(yīng)視為雙方約定處分夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)的行為,離婚時(shí)可按照借款協(xié)議的約定處理。
第十七條 夫妻雙方均有婚姻法第四十六條規(guī)定的過(guò)錯(cuò)情形,一方或者雙方向?qū)Ψ教岢鲭x婚損害賠償請(qǐng)求的,人民法院不予支持。第十八條 離婚后,一方以尚有夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)未處理為由向人民法院起訴請(qǐng)求分割的,經(jīng)審查該財(cái)產(chǎn)確屬離婚時(shí)未涉及的夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn),人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)依法予以分割。第十九條 本解釋施行后,最高人民法院此前作出的相關(guān)司法解釋與本解釋相抵觸的,以本解釋為準(zhǔn)。
Interpretations of the Supreme People’s Court about Several Issues Concerning the Application of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China(III)
(Adopted at the1525th meeting, on July 4, 2011 by the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People’s Court)
With a view to correctly hearing the cases of disputes over marriage and families, interpretations of relevant problems on the application of Marriage Law by people’s court of law are made as follow, according to Marriage Law of the PRC, Civil Procedure Law of the PRC and other relevant laws and regulations: Article 1 The court shall dismiss the application by a party concerned for the declaration of annulment of marriage according to the situations other than the one specified in the Article 10 of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China,.In case a party concerned brings a civil action to claim revocation of marriage registration on the ground that the marriage registration process was flawed, they shall be informed that they may apply for administrative reconsideration or file an administrative lawsuit.Article 2 Where one party of the couple plead with the court to confirm the inexistence of parent-child relationship and has provided necessary evidences to prove it, while the other party does not have the opposite evidence but refuses to do the paternity test, the court may presume that the claim held by such party who pleads confirmation of inexistence of parent-child relationship is upheld..If one party pleads with the court to confirm parent-child relationship, and provides the necessary evidence to prove it, while the other party has no evidence to the contrary but refuses to do the paternity test, the court may presume that the claim held by such party who pleads confirmation of existence of parent-child relationship is upheld.Article 3 The court shall support the pleading for maintenance claimed by minor children or those children who can not live independently if both parents or one parent refuses to assume the obligation to support children during the existence of the matrimonial relationship.Article 4 The court shall not support the pleading to divide the community property made by a party of the couple during the existence of the matrimonial relationship, except for the following major reasons and without prejudice to the rights and interests of creditors:
a)Where one party has the acts, including, without limitation, hiding, transferring, selling off, destructing, squandering property jointly owned or forging joint debts, which seriously damages the rights and interests in and to properties jointly owned by the couple.b)Where the people for whom one party concerned has statutory support obligations suffers from serious diseases and needs medical treatment, the other party does not agree to pay the medical expenses.Article 5 The revenue generated by one party’s personal property after marriage, except for Fructus and unearned increment , should be recognized as property jointly owned by the two parities in marriage.Article 6 Where the parties concerned have agreed that one party gives away his or her real property to the other party before or during the existence of the marriage, and then revokes the contract of gift before the registration of the gift real property has been changed, the other party pleads an order of specific performance, the people’s court may deal with the case in accordance with the provisions in Article 186 of the Contact Law.Article 7 Where the title of real estate bought by the parents of one party after marriage is registered in the name of the son or daughter of such parents, it is deemed to be donation to their son or daughter and thus to be the personal property of their son or daughter in accordance with the Article 18(3)of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China.Where the purchase of real estate is financed by parents of both parties, and the title of the real property is registered in the name of one party, the property is deemed be property by jointly owned in accordance with their parents’ respective share of contribution unless otherwise agreed by the parties.Article 8 In case the spouse of the person without capacity for civil conduct has any act, including, without limitation, abuse and abandonment, which jeopardizes the personal or property rights of the party without capacity for civil conduct, others with custody eligibility may plead a change in guardianship in compliance with special procedures;where the substituted guardian takes a divorce proceedings for the party without capacity for civil conduct, the court should accept it.Article 9 The court shall not support the pleading made by the husband for damages on the ground of unauthorized termination of pregnancy by his wife and infringement on his reproductive rights;where both husband and wife dispute over childbearing, resulting in actual rupture of emotion, if a party pleads a divorce, the people’s court shall deal with it in accordance with the provisions in Article 32(3)of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China after mediation fails.Article 10 Where one party in the marriage has signed a real estate purchase contract before marriage, pays the down payment with his/her personal property, takes a loan from the bank, repays the bank mortgage with the community property of both parties after marriage and registers the real estate under the name of the payer of down payment, both parties shall dispose of the real estate by mutual agreement at the time of divorce.Where both parties fail to reach an agreement based on the preceding paragraph, the people’s court may rule that such real estate vests in the party under whose name the real estate is registered and the loan outstanding thereof shall be the personal debt of such party.In respect of the loan repayment jointly paid by both parties after marriage and the corresponding property increment of the real estate, the party under whose name the real estate is registered shall make compensation to the other party at the time of divorce in accordance with the principle specified in Paragraph 1 of Article 39 of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China.Article 11 Where one party in the marriage sells a house under co-ownership without the consent of the other party, the third person makes the purchase and payment in good faith with reasonable consideration and completes the property ownership registration formalities, the people’s court shall not uphold the claim made by the other party of the couple for the recovery of the house.(Where one party in the marriage disposes of the real estate under co-ownership without the consent of the other party, thereby resulting in the loss of the other party of the couple, and the other party claims for compensation of the loss, the people’s count shall uphold such claim.)Article 12 During the existence of the marriage, Where both parties in the marriage make capital contribution to purchase a house under the housing reform scheme in the name of one party’s parent(s), the property ownership is registered under the name of such party’s parent, the people’s court shall not uphold the claim made by the other party for division of the house as their community property at the time of divorce.Such contribution for the purchase of a house may be treated as creditor’s rights.Article 13 Where one party in the marriage, at the time of divorce, has not retired and fails to meet the requirements for receiving endowment insurance benefits, the people’s court shall not uphold the claim of the other party for division of the endowment insurance benefits as their community property;where the endowment insurance premium is paid with the community property of both parties after marriage and one party makes a claim, at the time of divorce, for division of the portion in the pension account actually paid by him/her during the marriage as the community property of both parties, the people’s court shall uphold such claim.Article 14 Where the parties concerned have reached the property division agreement for the purpose of registered divorce or uncontest divorce filed with the court, but the two parties have failed to reach the divorce agreement and one party goes back on his or her words in the divorce proceedings, the court shall conclude that the agreement for the property division has not gone into effect, and divide the community property according to the actual situation.Article 15 Where in the duration of marriage, the estate that one party can inherit as one of heirs has not been distributed between heirs, and when suing for divorce, the other party requests for distribution the court shall inform the party that he or she should file another suit after the estate will be distributed between heirs.Article 16 lf a borrowing agreement has been concluded between husband and wife to have community property lend to a party for personal business activities, or for other personal matters, the agreement shall be deemed to be an act of disposal of community property as agreed upon.When filing a lawsuit for divorce, the dispute can be handled in accordance with provisions in the borrowing agreement.Article 17 Where both parties have the faults specified in Article 46 of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China, the people’s court shall not support the claim made by either or both parties for damages for divorce against the other party.Article 18 After the divorce, if one party files to the court requesting splitting the undivided community property, and after verification that the property proves indeed to be the community property which has not been divided in divorce, the court shall divide it in accordance with the law.Article 19 After the implementation of these interpretations, if there are any discrepancies between these interpretations and previous relevant judicial interpretations made by the Supreme People’s Court and these interpretations shall prevail.
第三篇:婚姻法解釋三的解讀..
第四條 婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間,夫妻一方請(qǐng)求分割共同財(cái)產(chǎn)的,人民法院不予支持,但有下列重大理由且不損害債權(quán)人利益的除外:
(一)一方有隱藏、轉(zhuǎn)移、變賣、毀損、揮霍夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)或者偽造夫妻共同債務(wù)等嚴(yán)重?fù)p害夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)利益行為的;
(二)一方負(fù)有法定扶養(yǎng)義務(wù)的人患重大疾病需要醫(yī)治,另一方不同意支付相關(guān)醫(yī)療費(fèi)用的。
第五條 夫妻一方個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)在婚后產(chǎn)生的收益,除孳息和自然增值外,應(yīng)認(rèn)定為夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)。
第六條 婚前或者婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間,當(dāng)事人約定將一方所有的房產(chǎn)贈(zèng)與另一方,贈(zèng)與方在贈(zèng)與房產(chǎn)變更登記之前撤銷贈(zèng)與,另一方請(qǐng)求判令繼續(xù)履行的,人民法院可以按照合同法第一百八十六條的規(guī)定處理。
第七條 婚后由一方父母出資為子女購(gòu)買的不動(dòng)產(chǎn),產(chǎn)權(quán)登記在出資人子女名下的,可按照婚姻法第十八條第(三)項(xiàng)的規(guī)定,視為只對(duì)自己子女一方的贈(zèng)與,該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)應(yīng)認(rèn)定為夫妻一方的個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)。
由雙方父母出資購(gòu)買的不動(dòng)產(chǎn),產(chǎn)權(quán)登記在一方子女名下的,該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)可認(rèn)定為雙方按照各自父母的出資份額按份共有,但當(dāng)事人另有約定的除外。
第十條 夫妻一方婚前簽訂不動(dòng)產(chǎn)買賣合同,以個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)支付首付款并在銀行貸款,婚后用夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)還貸,不動(dòng)產(chǎn)登記于首付款支付方名下的,離婚時(shí)該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)由雙方協(xié)議處理。
依前款規(guī)定不能達(dá)成協(xié)議的,人民法院可以判決該不動(dòng)產(chǎn)歸產(chǎn)權(quán)登記一方,尚未歸還的貸款為產(chǎn)權(quán)登記一方的個(gè)人債務(wù)。雙方婚后共同還貸支付的款項(xiàng)及其相對(duì)應(yīng)財(cái)產(chǎn)增值部分,離婚時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)婚姻法第三十九條第一款規(guī)定的原則,由產(chǎn)權(quán)登記一方對(duì)另一方進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償。
第十六條 夫妻之間訂立借款協(xié)議,以夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)出借給一方從事個(gè)人經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)或用于其他個(gè)人事務(wù)的,應(yīng)視為雙方約定處分夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn)的行為,離婚時(shí)可按照借款協(xié)議的約定處理。
第四篇:司法建議-婚姻法解釋三
鎮(zhèn)平法院建議對(duì)婚姻法解釋
(三)第八條的規(guī)定進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充規(guī)定
《最高人民法院關(guān)于適用〈中華人民共和國(guó)婚姻法〉若干問(wèn)題的解釋
(三)》第八條規(guī)定:“無(wú)民事行為能力人的配偶有虐待、遺棄等嚴(yán)重?fù)p害無(wú)民事行為能力一方的人身權(quán)利或者財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益行為,其他有監(jiān)護(hù)資格的人可以依照特別程序要求變更監(jiān)護(hù)關(guān)系;變更后的監(jiān)護(hù)人代理無(wú)民事行為能力一方提起離婚訴訟的,人民法院應(yīng)予受理。鎮(zhèn)平法院認(rèn)為,這一司法解釋不太適應(yīng)民事審判中離婚案件的實(shí)際需求。
一、無(wú)民事行為能力人要求離婚,其他有監(jiān)護(hù)資格的人不提出變更監(jiān)護(hù)關(guān)系,按照民法通則關(guān)于監(jiān)護(hù)人與法定代理人的規(guī)定,無(wú)民事行為能力人的配偶仍為無(wú)民事行為能力人的監(jiān)護(hù)人與法定代理人,那么法院如何受理?
二、無(wú)民事行為能力人的配偶提出離婚,其他有監(jiān)護(hù)資格的人為防止變更監(jiān)護(hù)關(guān)系后,無(wú)民事行為能力人的配偶隨即撤回起訴,導(dǎo)致以后配偶對(duì)無(wú)民事行為能力人不管不顧情況的出現(xiàn),因而不變更監(jiān)護(hù)關(guān)系,該離婚案如何處理?
基于此鎮(zhèn)平法院建議:在上述司法解釋中,可進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充規(guī)定,即將離婚案件作為特例:“離婚訴訟案件中,無(wú)民事行為能力一方的臨時(shí)監(jiān)護(hù)人為其父母、兄妹,直接作為訴訟中的法定代理人進(jìn)行訴訟活動(dòng),不必經(jīng)過(guò)特別程序先行變更
監(jiān)護(hù)關(guān)系;在不準(zhǔn)離婚判決生效后,法定監(jiān)護(hù)人仍為無(wú)民事行為能力人的配偶,在離婚判決生效后,臨時(shí)監(jiān)護(hù)人即可通過(guò)法定程序變更為無(wú)民事行為能力人的法定監(jiān)護(hù)人?!?/p>
第五篇:婚姻法解釋三之我見
婚姻法解釋三之我見
眾所周知,任何人都不可能做到完美。也就是那句俗話“沒有最好,只有更好”,我們都為著這樣一個(gè)美好的理想而努力。我們不斷完善自己,不斷提升自己的高度。與此相似的,法律法規(guī)同樣也沒有十全十美的,也在不斷完善自身。當(dāng)法律法規(guī)不能適應(yīng)社會(huì)的變化時(shí),就會(huì)有新的內(nèi)容作為補(bǔ)充,所以婚姻法解釋三由此而生。
而作為適用于夫妻雙方的法律,婚姻法解釋三的出臺(tái),對(duì)夫妻雙方那一方更加有利呢?很顯然其中一定有對(duì)女方利的,也有対男方有利的。我主要是對(duì)婚姻法解釋三中我認(rèn)為對(duì)女方有利的發(fā)表我的意見。在婚姻法解釋三中我認(rèn)為第七條和第十條都是比較有利于女方的。
第七條 婚前或婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間,雙方約定將一方所有的房產(chǎn)贈(zèng)與另一方,一方在贈(zèng)與房產(chǎn)的權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)移之前撤銷贈(zèng)與,另一方請(qǐng)求判令繼續(xù)履行的,人民法院不予支持,但已經(jīng)辦理公證的除外。
第七條中的房產(chǎn)在社會(huì)發(fā)展中可謂是熱門的話題。隨著人口的暴增,用地的緊張程度可想而知。房產(chǎn)即不動(dòng)產(chǎn),很多人可能會(huì)更愿意擁有一棟屬于自己的房子,相比于金錢。我們同樣面對(duì)著這樣的問(wèn)題,作為女方及女方家屬對(duì)我們男方的要求,首先就是你是否擁有一套自己的房子。男方擁有房子,可謂是成就婚姻的有利保證。可見房子的社會(huì)作用性十分明顯,無(wú)論是在結(jié)婚前還是在結(jié)婚后,無(wú)論是對(duì)男方還是女方。而在此條中,我們可以看到如果男方為了能與女方成就婚姻,便做出承諾將該房贈(zèng)予女方,或以女方名義買房,是很危險(xiǎn)的。而在此之前男方完全可以這樣做,因?yàn)榉孔邮悄信p方的共同財(cái)產(chǎn)??扇缃駞s充滿了危險(xiǎn)性,因?yàn)橘?zèng)與房子與在女方名義下購(gòu)買的房子的所有權(quán)只歸女方一人所有。
在實(shí)務(wù)中,男方常會(huì)為獲取女方芳心或者彰顯自己的誠(chéng)意,會(huì)將他個(gè)人所有的房產(chǎn)贈(zèng)與女方,但事后又反悔。根據(jù)司法解釋,作為女方應(yīng)當(dāng)趁熱打鐵,趕緊去辦理房產(chǎn)的變更登記,或者辦理公證。這樣得到的婚姻生活才會(huì)有保障,可是同時(shí)也會(huì)增加了為了能得到房子而騙婚的行為。這樣嚴(yán)重增加了房子在婚姻中的比重,而真正的愛的比重就小了很多,不知這是社會(huì)的進(jìn)步還是倒退??赡苌鐣?huì)