第一篇:英語作文高級(jí)短語及其詞匯
英語作文高級(jí)短語及高級(jí)詞匯
1、tend to=opt to =incline to 傾向于
例:People tend to hold parties,date at cinemas,go to picnic,etc.譯:人們會(huì)舉辦派對(duì),去電影院約會(huì)或去野餐等度過閑暇時(shí)光。
2、Ignore =have an oversight of 忽略,忽視
3、make use of =take advantage of 利用
4、get refreshed 恢復(fù)生機(jī)
5、downside =disadvantage =negative aspect =negative =drawback =harmfulness 壞處
6、Moreover=furthermore=in addition =additionally=besides 好處
7、Widespread phenomenon 普遍存在的現(xiàn)象
8、wipe out 消除
例:As far as I am concerned,excessive packing is a harmful phenomenon,which is a waste of resources and ought to be totally wiped out.譯: 在我看來,過度包裝是一種有害的現(xiàn)象,它是一種資源浪費(fèi),應(yīng)該被徹底消除。
9、first...furthermore...首先.......其次......10、Come down to 歸結(jié)于
11、equal to等同于
例:Consumers’ awareness that excessive packing doesn’t equal to high quality should be aroused.譯:必須讓消費(fèi)者認(rèn)識(shí)到過度包裝不等于高質(zhì)量。
12、contribute to 促成;對(duì)......有貢獻(xiàn)
13、appealing 吸引人的例:in appealing boxes 在吸引人的盒子里
14、make it more productive 使......更有成效
例:Therefore,to make it more productive,both the museums and the public should work and coordinate in concert.譯:因此,為了使這項(xiàng)舉措更有成效,博物館和公眾應(yīng)該共同協(xié)作、一起努力。
15、in concert 一齊,一致
例:Therefore,to make it more productive,both the museums and the public should work and coordinate in concert.譯:因此,為了使這項(xiàng)舉措更有成效,博物館和公眾應(yīng)該共同協(xié)作、一起努力。
16、in abundance 大量的17、fully support 全力支持
18、The purposes for......的目的19、Be eligible for =be responsible for =be obligated to 有資格......,有能力......例:The students’ union is eligible for some contributions.20、definitely =absolutely 肯定的,絕對(duì)的21、be beneficial to 對(duì)......有益的22、on top of =besides =apart from 除了
23、to start = to commence = to begin with 首先(用于句首)
24、make more efforts = make it a point to = manage to= get round to 努力做某事
25、cozy = comfortable 合適的,愜意的例: offer a cozy environment to the students26、a necessary step to......的步驟
27、play tricks 耍伎倆
28、play a key role in 在......中扮演重要角色
29、to sum up總而一致,總的說來
30、resolute 堅(jiān)決的,剛毅的例:To be the winner,try to be the resolute.譯:為了成功,讓我們做一個(gè)有志者
31、In accordance with 與......一致
例:We should enforce relative laws in accordance with the rapid growth of online shopping.譯:我們應(yīng)該實(shí)施與網(wǎng)上購物配套的相關(guān)法律。
32、in most occasions 在大多數(shù)情況下
33、be delivered to 被傳送給......34、be harmful to對(duì)......有害
35、in high frequency 高頻率的36、daily stuff日常物品
37、in view of由于
38、without so much as 甚至連......都沒......39、with/by a small/large margin 小/大幅度的40、wear away 時(shí)間流逝,磨損,磨去
41、now and again/then42、not care a fig for 對(duì)......毫不在乎
第二篇:《高級(jí)口譯》詞匯短語
高級(jí)口譯筆記——文化交流(Cultural Exchange)
一、詞匯
漢字的四聲(平聲、上聲、仄聲和去聲)the four tones of Chinese characters, namely, the level tone, the rising tone, the falling-rising tone, and the falling tone 筆畫 stroke 部首 radical 偏旁 basic character component 象形文字 pictograph
獨(dú)角戲 monodrama/one-man play 皮影戲 shadow play 折子戲 opera highlights 單口相聲 monologue comic talk 對(duì)口相聲 comic cross talk 說書 monologue story-telling 傳說 legend 神話 mythology 寓言 fable 武術(shù) martial art 氣功 controlled breathing exercise 氣功療法 breathing technique therapy 春聯(lián) spring couplet 剪紙 paper-cut 戲劇臉譜 theatrical mask 草藥的四氣:寒、熱、溫、涼 four properties of medicinal herb: cold, hot, warm and cool 草藥的五味:酸、苦、甘、辛、咸 five tastes of medicinal herb: sour, bitter, sweet, hot and salty 二十四節(jié)氣 the twenty-four solar terms 天干地支 the heavenly stems and earthly branches 清明節(jié) the Pure Brightness Day 端午節(jié) the Dragon Boat Festival 中秋節(jié) the Mid-Autumn Festival 文化事業(yè) cultural undertaking 民族文化 national culture 民間文化 folk culture 鄉(xiāng)土文化 native/country culture 跨文化交流 cross-cultural communication 文化沖擊 culture shock 表演藝術(shù) performing art 舞臺(tái)藝術(shù) stage art 流行藝術(shù) popular/pop art 高雅藝術(shù) elegant/high art 電影藝術(shù) cinematographic art 十四行詩 sonnet 三幕六場劇 a three-act and six-scene play 音樂舞臺(tái)劇 musical 復(fù)活節(jié) Easter 萬圣節(jié) Halloween 內(nèi)容與形式的統(tǒng)一 unity of content and form 古為今用,洋為中用。
Make the past serve the present and the foreign serve China.中國是一個(gè)歷史悠久、文化燦爛的多民族國家。
China is a multinational country with a long history and splendid culture.文化交流不是讓外國文化吞沒自己的文化,而是為了豐富和充實(shí)本民族的文化。
Cultural exchange is by no means a process of losing one’s won culture to a foreign culture, but one of inriching a nation’s own culture.二、練習(xí)
【難度指數(shù)】☆☆☆
【難易程度】a piece of cake 筷子起源于中國,現(xiàn)在許多亞洲國家都使用它。第一批筷子是骨頭或玉制成的。在春秋時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了銅制和鐵制的筷子。在古代,富人家用玉或金子制成筷子以顯示其家庭的富有。許多帝王有銀制的筷子來檢查他們的食物是否被投了毒。
友情提示:
筷子:chopsticks 玉:jade
高級(jí)口譯筆記——旅游觀光(Tourism)
一、詞匯
中國國家旅游局 China National Tourism Administration 中國國際旅行社 China International Travel Service 旅游管理局 tourist administration burear 旅行社 travel service/agency 旅游公司 tourism company 春/秋游 spring/autumn outing 假日旅行 vacation tour 目的地 destination 自然景觀 natural scenery/attraction 人文景觀 places of historic figures and cultural heritage 名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers 名勝古跡 scenic spots and historical sites 佛教名山 famous Buddhist mountain 五岳 five great mountains 避暑山莊 mountain resort 度假勝地 holiday resort 避暑勝地 summer resort 自然保護(hù)區(qū) nature reserve 國家公園 national park 旅游景點(diǎn) tourist attraction 古建筑群 ancient architectural complex 園林建筑 garden architecture 山水風(fēng)光 scenery with mountains and rivers 誘人景色 inviting views 湖光山色 landscape of lakes and hills 青山綠水 green hills and clear waters 景色如畫 picturesque views 金石印章 metal and stone seals 石刻碑文 stone inscriptions 天下第一泉 the finest spring under heaven 石舫 stone boat 水榭 waterside house 蓮花池 lotus pond 國畫 traditional Chinese painting 山水/水墨畫 landscape/ink painting 手工藝品 artifact;handicrafts 陶器 earthenware 折扇 folding fan 木/竹/貝雕 wood/bamboo/shell carving 聯(lián)合國教科文組織 UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 國民生產(chǎn)總值 GNP gross national product 國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 GDP gross domestic product
二、例句
1.桂林山水甲天下,陽朔山水甲桂林。
Guilin landscape tops those elsewhere, and Yangshuo landscape tops that of Guilin.2.這座寺廟歷史悠久,可追溯到初唐時(shí)期。
The temple has a long history dating back to the early period of the Tang Dynasty.3.該城市有全國規(guī)模最大、最負(fù)盛名的園林。
The city boasts the largest and the most famous garden in the country.三、練習(xí)
【難度指數(shù)】☆☆☆ 【難易程度】適中
加拿大幅員遼闊,其面積僅次于俄羅斯??墒撬挥?600萬人,是聯(lián)合王國人口的一半還不到。國土的三分之一覆蓋著森林,還有大片的草原,無數(shù)的湖泊和河流。其氣候差異甚大。除了溫哥華以外,冬天異常寒冷。加拿大的夏天總的來說天氣暖和,特別是內(nèi)陸地區(qū),因此你只需要輕薄的衣服。溫哥華 Vancouver
高級(jí)口譯筆記——人物訪談(Interview)采訪人 interviewer 被采訪人 interviewee
常駐記者 resident correspondent 特派記者 staff correspondent 駐外國記者 foreign correspondent 現(xiàn)場報(bào)道 on-the-spot report;live report 新聞發(fā)布會(huì) news briefing 記者招待會(huì) press/news conference 消息靈通人士 well-informed source 權(quán)威人士/來源 authoritative source 可靠消息 reliable news 新聞/通訊稿 news release 頭條新聞 top/headline news 標(biāo)題新聞 headline news 內(nèi)幕新聞 inside story 花邊新聞 box news 時(shí)事 current news 雜聞 sidelights 專題報(bào)道 special report 專欄作家 columnist 特約撰稿人 staff writer 自由撰稿人 free-lancer 無可奉告 no comment 記者證 press card 通訊社 news agency 新華社 Xinhua News Agency 路透社(英)Reuter’s News Agency 美聯(lián)社(美)Associated Press 塔斯社(俄)TASS;Telegraphic Agency of Soviet Union 每日電訊報(bào)(英)The Daily Telegraph 紐約時(shí)報(bào) The New York Times 華爾街時(shí)報(bào) The Wall Street Journal 華盛頓郵報(bào) The Washington Post
高級(jí)口譯筆記——信息時(shí)代(The Information Age)第一部分 詞匯
新興產(chǎn)業(yè) emerging industry 朝陽產(chǎn)業(yè) sunrise industry 網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè) Internet industry 虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí) virtual reality 虛擬商店 virtual store 兼容性計(jì)算機(jī)平臺(tái) compatible computing platform 微型瀏覽器 microbrowser 寬帶技術(shù) broadband technology 撥號(hào)上網(wǎng)調(diào)制解調(diào)器 dial-up modem 交互式多媒體 interactive multimedia 交互式電子書籍 interactive e-book 界面 interface 無線掌上導(dǎo)航器 wireless palm pilot 蜂窩通信 cellular communications 家用電器 household electrical appliances 局域網(wǎng) Intranet 網(wǎng)站 website 網(wǎng)民 netizen 網(wǎng)吧 cybercafe 網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界 cyber world 網(wǎng)上貿(mào)易 cyberbusiness 網(wǎng)上交易 networked transaction 上市 be listed on the stock market
市值 stock value 稅后利潤 after-tax profit 中國證監(jiān)會(huì) China Securities Regulatory Commision 納斯達(dá)克 NASDAQ National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations ADSL: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line,不對(duì)稱數(shù)字訂閱線路
Delphi:讀音/′delfai/,特爾斐,古希臘城市名,被古希臘人當(dāng)成世界的中心,因有阿波羅神殿而出名。在電腦英語中指美國寶蘭(Borland)公司的一種可視化、面向?qū)ο?、事件?qū)動(dòng)的電腦編程語言。DLL:Dynamic Link Library, 動(dòng)態(tài)鏈接庫 DNS: Domain Name System,域名系統(tǒng) FTP: File Transfer Protocol,文件傳輸協(xié)議
Ghost: General Hardware Oriented System Transfer,全面硬件導(dǎo)向系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)移 HTML: HyperText Markup Language,超文本標(biāo)記語言 HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol,超文本傳輸協(xié)議 IP: Internet Protocol,網(wǎng)際協(xié)議
ISDN: Integrated Service Digital Network,綜合服務(wù)數(shù)字網(wǎng)絡(luò) ISP: Internet Service Provider,因特網(wǎng)服務(wù)提供商
Java:由美國太陽(Sun)公司推出的新型面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)語言。Java集面向?qū)ο蟆⑵脚_(tái)無關(guān)性、穩(wěn)固性、安全性、多線程等諸多特性于一體,增加了異常處理、網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程等方面的功能,特別適合于Internet應(yīng)用的開發(fā),是實(shí)現(xiàn)“一個(gè)世界,一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)”構(gòu)想的關(guān)鍵。用Java編寫的各類軟件能真正做到“Write Once,Run anywhere(一次寫成,到處運(yùn)行)”,也就是說,相同的軟件可在不同計(jì)算機(jī)上運(yùn)行,無論是PC機(jī)、蘋果機(jī)、UNIX計(jì)算機(jī)、還是頂置盒、PDA(個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)助理)乃至智能元器件無一例外。LAN: Local Area Network,局域網(wǎng)
MIDI:Musical Instrument Digital Interface,樂器數(shù)字接口
MPEG:是Motion Picture Experts Group的,運(yùn)動(dòng)圖像專家組 MSN: Microsoft Network,微軟網(wǎng)絡(luò)
OCR:Optical Character Recognition, 光學(xué)字符識(shí)別
OEM:Original Equipment Manufacturer, 原始設(shè)備制造商
RAM:Random Access Memory,隨機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器,即人們常說的“內(nèi)存”。ROM:Read-Only Memory,只讀存儲(chǔ)器。第二部分 例句
據(jù)中國因特網(wǎng)信息中心的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),中國的公共網(wǎng)絡(luò)已覆蓋365個(gè)城市,上網(wǎng)電腦達(dá)520萬臺(tái),經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)者達(dá)1,260萬人以上,網(wǎng)址有32,000個(gè)。
According to statistics from China Internet Network Information Center, the public network covers 365 cities, and the number of on-line computers reached 5.2 million, with 12.6 million regular Internet users and 23,000 web sites.今天的因特網(wǎng)具有強(qiáng)大的通信功能,它可以提供電子郵件、即時(shí)信息和聊天室等多種通信方式。
Today’s Internet is a powerful way to communicate, including e-mail, instant messaging and chatroom services.關(guān)注未來因特網(wǎng)的最佳方法是了解今日的因特網(wǎng)存在著什么問題。
The best way of looking at the Internet of the future is to ask what is wrong with today’s.今天,商務(wù)和通信二十四小時(shí)不停地進(jìn)行著。在有線電視的新聞節(jié)目中所報(bào)道的事件不是在幾點(diǎn)鐘發(fā)生,而是在一個(gè)小時(shí)或30分鐘前發(fā)生。當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間已不再是一個(gè)有意義的時(shí)間標(biāo)志。
Today, commerce and communications never cease but go around the clock.On cable-TV news shows, events did not happen at which hour, but an hour or 30 minutes ago.Local time is no longer the meaning marker of events.高級(jí)口譯筆記——飲食文化(Catering Culture)烹調(diào)術(shù) cookery 色、香、味 color, aroma and taste 佐料 seasoning 刀功 slicing technique 清炒 plain-frying 煸 stir-frying 爆 quick-frying 炸 deep-frying 煎 pan-frying 焙 roasting 清蒸 steaming 氽 quick-boiling 熏 smoking 腌 salting 食譜 recipe 回鍋肉 twice-cooked pork slices in brown sauce 炸豬排 fried pork chop 北京烤鴨 roast Beijing duck 什錦炒蔬 stir-fried mixed vegetables 酸辣湯 hot and sour soup 雞茸蘑菇湯 cream of mushroom with chicken 主食 staple food 饅頭 steamed bread 米飯 steamed rice 揚(yáng)州炒飯 Yangchow fried rice 冷面 cold noodle 炒米粉 fried ground rice noodles 炸醬面 noodles with fried brown sauce paste 油條 fried twisted stick 鍋貼 pan-fried dumping 花卷 steamed twisted roll 小籠包子 steamed meat dumpling 粽子 rice dumpling wrapped in reed leaves 黑啤 dark beer 黃酒/花雕酒 yellow rice wine 烈酒 spitits/ strong liquor 白干 white liquor 佐餐酒 table wine(酒)加冰塊的 on the rocks(酒)不加冰塊的 straight up 小啜 sip 礦泉水 mineral water 紅茶 black tea 清咖啡 black coffee 全脂/脫脂奶 whole/skim milk 酸奶 yoghurt 粟子 chestnut 馬蹄梨 water chestnut 蓮子 lotus seed 藕 lotus root 獼猴桃 kiwi fruit 山楂 haw 棗 Chinese date 餐前開胃點(diǎn)心 appretizer 主菜 main course 附菜 side dish 餐后甜食 dessert 什錦色拉 mixed fruit salad with ham 什錦水果圣代 mixed fruit sundae 民族風(fēng)味餐 ethnic food 小吃 snack 冷盤 cold dish 點(diǎn)心 pastry 餐桌圓轉(zhuǎn)盤 Lazy Susan Translate the following passage into English 評(píng)判中餐烹調(diào)的優(yōu)劣可依據(jù)中餐的三大要素,即“色、香、味”?!吧弊鳛椤吧⑾?、味”三要素中的首要標(biāo)準(zhǔn),充分體現(xiàn)在宴會(huì)菜肴的裝盤、擺放和圖案上。最能顯示色彩的是首先上桌的好道煞費(fèi)苦心而精心制作的冷盤。“香”不僅是指鼻子對(duì)食物的直接感受,它還包括所選原料的新鮮成度以及佐料的合理搭配?!拔丁眲t體現(xiàn)了恰到好處的調(diào)味藝術(shù),當(dāng)然它也包括食物的質(zhì)地,以及切菜的刀功。色、香、味這三大要素的高品質(zhì),只有通過選料、調(diào)料、適時(shí)烹調(diào)、把握火候、裝盤上桌這些微妙步驟的細(xì)心協(xié)調(diào),才能取得。
高級(jí)口譯筆記——商務(wù)談判(Business Negotiation)第一部分 基本詞匯 詢價(jià) make an inquiry 報(bào)價(jià) quotation 報(bào)/發(fā)盤 offer 底盤 floor offer 實(shí)/虛盤 firm/non-firm offer 開/收盤 opening/closing price 現(xiàn)/期貨價(jià) spot/forward price 還盤 counter-offer 回傭 return commission 到岸價(jià) C.I.F.(即Cost, Insurance and Freight)到岸加傭金價(jià) C.I.F.C.(即Cost, Insurance, Freight and Commission)現(xiàn)貨 spot goods 庫存有限 limited stock 批發(fā)價(jià) wholesale price 零售價(jià) retail price 凈利潤 net profit 定金 down payment 分期付款 payment by installment 現(xiàn)金結(jié)算 cash settlement 信用證結(jié)算 payment by letter of credit(L/C)股東 shareholder;stockholder 我方 on our part 雙贏戰(zhàn)略 win-win strategy 中止合同 terminate the contract 提出索賠 lodge a claim 要求賠償損失 claim for a compensation of the loss/damage 貿(mào)易索賠 business claim 補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易 compenstion trade 商品交易會(huì) Commodities Fair 經(jīng)營范圍 line/scope of business 獨(dú)家經(jīng)銷代理 exclusive selling agency 市場準(zhǔn)入 market access 機(jī)床 machine tools 汽車零部件 auto parts 電子商務(wù) e-commerce;e-business 請(qǐng)給我一個(gè)有效期為90天的C.I.F.報(bào)價(jià),目的港為洛杉磯,報(bào)價(jià)含5%的傭金。
I'd like to hear your quotation on a C.I.F.Los Angeles basis valid for 90 days, with an inclusion of 5% angent's commission in your quotation.高級(jí)口譯筆記——禮儀祝詞(Ceremonial Speech)第一部分 基本詞匯
開幕/閉幕式 opening/closing ceremony 開幕詞 opening speech/address 致開幕詞 make an opening speech 友好訪問 goodwill visit
閣下 Your/His/Her Honor/Excellency 貴賓 distinguished guest 尊敬的市長先生 Respected Mr.Mayor 遠(yuǎn)道而來/來自大洋彼岸的朋友 friends coming from a distant land/the other side of the Pacific 東道國 host country 宣布??開幕 declare??open 值此之際 on the occasion of 借此機(jī)會(huì) take this opportunity to 以??名義 in the name of 本著??精神 in the spirit of 代表 on the behalf of
由衷的謝意 heartfelt thanks 友好款待 gracious hospitality 正式邀請(qǐng) officioa invitation 回顧過去 look back on 展望未來 look ahead/look into the future 最后 in closing 圓滿成功 a complete success 提議祝酒 propose a toast 第二部分 詞語擴(kuò)展
一、政治詞匯 亞太地區(qū) Asian-Pacific region 建交 establishment of diplomatic relations between 互訪 exchange of visit 外交政策 foreign policy 一貫奉行 in persistent pursuit of 平等互利 equality and mutual benefit 雙邊關(guān)系 bilateral relations 持久和平lasting peace 貿(mào)易額 trade volume 商業(yè)界 business community 跨國公司 transnational corporation 經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國/經(jīng)濟(jì)大國/經(jīng)濟(jì)列強(qiáng)(視具體情況翻譯)economic power
第三部分 例句
1.我愿借此機(jī)會(huì),代表我們代表團(tuán)的全體成員,對(duì)我們東道主的誠摯邀請(qǐng),表示真誠的謝意。
On the behalf of all the members of my mission, I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation.2.現(xiàn)在,我愉快地宣布第二十二屆萬國郵政聯(lián)盟大會(huì)開幕。
Now, I have the pleasure to declare the 22nd Universal Postal Congress open.3.我很榮幸地代表中國政府和人民向來自聯(lián)合王國的代表團(tuán)表示熱烈的歡迎。
I have the honor to express this warm welcome on behalf of the Chinese Government and people to the delegation from the United Kingdom.4.我謹(jǐn)向各位表示最熱烈的歡迎。
I would like to extend my warmest welocme to all of you.5.我預(yù)祝大會(huì)圓滿成功!
I wish the conference a complete success!
高級(jí)口譯筆記——外事接待(reception)第一部分 基本詞匯 日程安排 schedule 預(yù)訂 reserve
根據(jù)??的要求 upon??request 專程造訪 come all the way
精心安排 a thoughtful arrangement 排憂解難 help out 第二部分 詞語擴(kuò)展
機(jī)場大樓 terminal building 候機(jī)大廳 waiting hall
起飛時(shí)間 departure/take-off time 抵達(dá)時(shí)間 arrival time 海關(guān) the Customs
往返票 round-trip ticket
入境/出境/旅游簽證 entry/exit/tourist visa 免稅商店 duty-free shop 豪華套房 luxury suite 單/雙人房 single/double room 第三部分 例句
1.You must be our long-expected guest,……
2.Excuse me, I haven't had the honor of knowing you.3.I'm glad to have the honor of introducing…… 4.Small world, isn't it? 5.Thank you for coming all the way to our company.6.I hop you'll enjoy your stay here.7.host a receptipn banquet in your honor
高級(jí)口譯筆記——稱謂口譯
一、以“總??”表示的首席長官,可選擇general、chief、head這類詞表示。
總書記 general secretary 總工程師 chief engineer 總會(huì)計(jì)師 chief accountant 總經(jīng)理 general manager 總代理 general agent 總教練 head coach 二、一些行業(yè)的職稱頭銜,直接用“高級(jí)”或“資深”來表示,可用“senior”來稱呼。高級(jí)記者 senior reporter 高級(jí)講師 senior lecturer
三、“首席”英語常用chief來表達(dá)。首席執(zhí)行官 chief cxecutive officer(CEO)首席顧問 chief advisor 首席檢察官 chief inspector
四、還有一些高級(jí)職務(wù)帶“長”字,例如: 參謀長 chief of staff 護(hù)士長 head nurse
秘書長 secretary-general
五、以“副”字的表示副職的行政職務(wù)頭銜,可用vice、deputy表達(dá)。副總統(tǒng) vice president
副主席 vice chairman 副總理 vice minister 副秘書長 deputy secretary-general 副書記 deputy secretary 副市長 deputy mayor
六、學(xué)術(shù)頭銜的“副”職稱,常用associate表示。副教授 associate professor
副研究員 associate research fellow 副審判長 associate judge
副主任醫(yī)師 associate doctor
七、學(xué)術(shù)頭銜中的初級(jí)職稱如“助理”,我們可以用assistant來稱呼。助理教授 assistant professor
助理研究員 assistant research fellow 助理工程師 assistant engineer 八、一般說來,“代理”可譯作acting,例如: 代理市長 acting mayor 代理總理 acting premier 代理主任 acting director
九、常務(wù)”可以用“managing“表示。常務(wù)理事 managing director
常務(wù)副校長 managing vice president
十、執(zhí)行”可譯作executive 執(zhí)行秘書 executive secretary 執(zhí)行主席 executive chairman
十一、還有很多稱謂的英語表達(dá)方式難以歸類,這就需要我們?nèi)辗e月累,逐步總結(jié)。例如:辦公室主任 office manager 車間主任 workshop manager 客座教授 visiting professor 村長 village head 稅務(wù)員 tax collector 股票交易員 stock dealer
十二、最后是我們國家特有的一些榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)的口譯。勞動(dòng)模范 model worker
優(yōu)秀員工 ortstanding employee 標(biāo)兵 pacemaker
三好學(xué)生 ”triple-A" outstanding student;outstanding student
高級(jí)口譯筆記——諺語口譯(Interpreting Proverbs)1.A bad conscience is a snake in one’s heart.做賊心虛。
2.Accidents will happen.天有不測風(fēng)云,人有旦夕禍福。3.A clear conscience is a sure card.為人不做虧心事,半夜不怕鬼敲門。4.A hedge between keeps friendship green.君子之交淡如水。
5.All your swans are geese.事與愿違。
6.As you make the bed, so you must lie in it.自食其果。
7.A watched pot never boils.心急吃不了熱豆腐。
8.Count one’s chickens before they are hatched.盲目樂觀。
9.Danger is next neighbor to security.塞翁失馬,安知非福?
10.Do in Rome as Romans do.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。
11.Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.順其自然。
12.Everybody’s business is nobody’s business.三個(gè)和尚無水吃。
13.Justice has long arms.天網(wǎng)恢恢,疏而不漏。
14.He knows most who speaks least./Still water runs deep.大智若愚。
15.Late fruit keeps well.大器晚成。
16.Many kiss the baby by the name of the nurse’s sake.醉翁之意不在酒。
17.Misfortune might be a blessing in disguises.禍兮福所倚,福兮禍所伏。18.Names are debts.樹大招風(fēng)。
19.Nothing venture, nothing have.不入虎穴,焉得虎子。20.Rest breeds rust.生命在于運(yùn)動(dòng)。
21.Rome was not built in a day.冰凍三尺非一日之寒。
22.Save your breath to cool your porridge.各人自掃門前雪,莫管他人瓦上霜。23.Short pleasure, long lament.一失足成千古恨。
24.Stick together through thick and thin.患難與共。
25.Take things as they come.既來之則安之。
26.The pot calls the kettle black.五十步笑一百步。
27.The shepherd would rather lose the wool than the sheep.留得青山在,不怕沒柴燒。28.Things done cannot be undone.木已成舟。/覆水難收。29.True blue will never stain.真金不怕火煉。
30.You cannot make a crab walk straight.江山易移,本性難改。
1.A new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。
2.All roads lead to Rome./ All rivers run into the sea.殊途同歸。
3.As a man sows, so he shall reap.種瓜得瓜,和豆得豆。
4.A sparrow cannot understand the ambition of a swan.燕雀安知鴻鵠之志。
5.A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.身正不怕影兒斜。
6.A word spoken is past recalling.一言既出,駟馬難追。
7.Beat the dog before the lion.殺雞儆猴。Better an open enemy than a false friend.明槍易躲,暗箭難防。9.Diamond cut diamond.強(qiáng)中更有強(qiáng)中手。
10.Do one thing under cover of another.明修棧道,暗度陳倉。
11.Dogs bite in every country.天下烏鴉一般黑。
12.Every potter praises his pot.王婆賣瓜,自賣自夸。
13.Fine feathers make fine birds.佛要金裝,人要衣裝。14.Gifts blind the eyes.拿了手短,吃了嘴軟。
15.Good wine needs no bush.酒香不怕巷子深。
16.Have a card up one’s sleeve.胸有成竹。
17.He cries wine and sells vinegar.掛羊頭,賣狗肉。
18.He takes a spear to kill a fly.殺雞用牛刀。
19.In for a penny, in for a pound.一不做,二不休。
20.It is better to be the head of a dog/lizard than the tail of a lion.寧為雞首,不為牛后。
21.It is better to die than to live when life is a disgrace./ Better die with honor than live with shame.寧可玉碎,不為瓦全。22.Judge not a book by its cover.人不可貌相,海不可斗量。23.Kill two birds with one stone.一箭雙雕。/一石二鳥。24.Let sleeping dogs lie.勿打草驚蛇。
25.Love me, love my dog.愛屋及屋。
26.Much will have more.得隴望蜀。/得寸進(jìn)尺。27.Once bit, twice shy.一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井繩。
28.Peace on the forehead and war in the mind.口蜜腹劍。
29.Put the cart before the horse.本未倒置。
30.Speak of the devil(and he will appear).說曹操,曹操到。31.Teach fish to swim.班門弄斧。
32.The pupil outdoes the master.青出于藍(lán)而勝于藍(lán)。
33.The same knife cuts bread and fingers.水能載舟,亦能覆舟。
34.The sauce is better than the fish.喧賓奪主。
35.There are plenty of fish in the sea.天涯何處無芳草。
36.There is no smoke without fire.無風(fēng)不起浪。
A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit 吃一塹,長一智。
All shall be well, Jack shall have Jill.有情人終成成眷屬。
A man should not bite the hand that feeds him.不要恩將仇報(bào)。
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.情人眼里出西施。Business is business.公事公辦。
Facts speak louder than words.事實(shí)勝于雄辯。
Failure is the mother of success.失敗乃成功之母。Fish in troubled waters.渾水摸魚。
Friends must part.聚散離合總有時(shí)。/天下無不散之宴席。Great minds think alike.英雄所見略同。
Health is better than wealth.家有萬貫財(cái),不如一身健。
Hedges have eyes, walls have ears.隔籬有眼,隔墻有耳。
In time of peace prepare for war.居安當(dāng)思危。
Like father, like son.有其父,必有其子。
Man proposes, God disposes.謀事在人,成事在天。
Misfortunes never come alone.禍不單行。
Money can’t buy time.寸金難買寸光陰。More haste, less speed.欲速則不達(dá)。
Out of office, out of danger.無官一身輕。
Out of sight, out of mind./Far from eye, far from heart.眼不見為凈。
Pride goes before a fall.驕者必?cái) ?/p>
The style is the man.文如其人。
Time and tide wait for no man.時(shí)不我待。/歲月無情。
The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future.前事不忘后事之師。/前車之覆,后車之鑒。To teach is to learn.教學(xué)相長。
The tongue cuts the throat.禍從口出。/言多必失。
詞語后置或暫存
例:聯(lián)合國維和部隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)該駐扎在那一地區(qū),一直到所有各方簽署了和約為止。我們的這一立場已得到公認(rèn)。Our position is widely received that the UN peace-keeping force will stay in that region until a peaceful agreement has been signed by all concerned parties.添詞
例:我很高興地向各位通報(bào),中美就知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)問題簽署了一項(xiàng)諒解備忘錄,從而避免了一場可能出現(xiàn)的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。I feel very pleased to report to you that China and the United States signed a Memorandum of Understanding in terms of protecting intellectual property rights, an act that has averted a potential trade war.減詞 例:中國同其周邊國家的關(guān)系比以往任何時(shí)期都好,這種十分珍貴的睦鄰友好關(guān)系無論對(duì)中國人民還是這些國家的人們來說,都極為有益。
China’s relations with its neighboring countries are better than ever before, a situation that best represents the interests of the Chinese people and the peoples of other countries concerned.重復(fù)
例:多年來,中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)增長發(fā)揮了越來越重要的作用,這種作用在于促進(jìn)了亞太地區(qū)乃至全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康發(fā)展。
Over the years, China’s sustained economic growth has played an increasing more important role in boosting the healthy economic development in the Asian-Pacific region and the world as a whole.同聲傳譯的才能不是一種可望而不可及的天賦才能。常言說得好,“工夫不負(fù)有心人”。只要我們細(xì)心鉆研同傳知識(shí)和技巧,積極參與同傳強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練,水到自然渠成。
第三篇:《高級(jí)口譯》詞匯短語
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
高級(jí)口譯筆記——文化交流(Cultural Exchange)
一、詞匯
漢字的四聲(平聲、上聲、仄聲和去聲)the four tones of Chinese characters, namely, the level tone, the rising tone, the falling-rising tone, and the falling tone 筆畫 stroke 部首 radical 偏旁 basic character component 象形文字 pictograph
獨(dú)角戲 monodrama/one-man play 皮影戲 shadow play 折子戲 opera highlights 單口相聲 monologue comic talk 對(duì)口相聲 comic cross talk 說書 monologue story-telling 傳說 legend 神話 mythology 寓言 fable
武術(shù) martial art 氣功 controlled breathing exercise 氣功療法 breathing technique therapy 春聯(lián) spring couplet 剪紙 paper-cut 戲劇臉譜 theatrical mask
草藥的四氣:寒、熱、溫、涼 four properties of medicinal herb: cold, hot, warm and cool 草藥的五味:酸、苦、甘、辛、咸 five tastes of medicinal herb: sour, bitter, sweet, hot and salty
二十四節(jié)氣 the twenty-four solar terms 天干地支 the heavenly stems and earthly branches 清明節(jié) the Pure Brightness Day 端午節(jié) the Dragon Boat Festival 中秋節(jié) the Mid-Autumn Festival
文化事業(yè) cultural undertaking 民族文化 national culture 民間文化 folk culture 鄉(xiāng)土文化 native/country culture 跨文化交流 cross-cultural communication 文化沖擊 culture shock
表演藝術(shù) performing art 舞臺(tái)藝術(shù) stage art 流行藝術(shù) popular/pop art 高雅藝術(shù) elegant/high art
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
電影藝術(shù) cinematographic art
十四行詩 sonnet 三幕六場劇 a three-act and six-scene play 音樂舞臺(tái)劇 musical
復(fù)活節(jié) Easter 萬圣節(jié) Halloween
內(nèi)容與形式的統(tǒng)一 unity of content and form
古為今用,洋為中用。
Make the past serve the present and the foreign serve China.中國是一個(gè)歷史悠久、文化燦爛的多民族國家。
China is a multinational country with a long history and splendid culture.文化交流不是讓外國文化吞沒自己的文化,而是為了豐富和充實(shí)本民族的文化。
Cultural exchange is by no means a process of losing one’s won culture to a foreign culture, but one of inriching a nation’s own culture.二、練習(xí)
【難度指數(shù)】☆☆☆
【難易程度】a piece of cake 筷子起源于中國,現(xiàn)在許多亞洲國家都使用它。第一批筷子是骨頭或玉制成的。在春秋時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了銅制和鐵制的筷子。在古代,富人家用玉或金子制成筷子以顯示其家庭的富有。許多帝王有銀制的筷子來檢查他們的食物是否被投了毒。友情提示:
筷子:chopsticks 玉:jade
高級(jí)口譯筆記——旅游觀光(Tourism)
一、詞匯
中國國家旅游局 China National Tourism Administration 中國國際旅行社 China International Travel Service 旅游管理局 tourist administration burear 旅行社 travel service/agency 旅游公司 tourism company 春/秋游 spring/autumn outing 假日旅行 vacation tour
目的地 destination 自然景觀 natural scenery/attraction 人文景觀 places of historic figures and cultural heritage 名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers 名勝古跡 scenic spots and historical sites
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
佛教名山 famous Buddhist mountain 五岳 five great mountains 避暑山莊 mountain resort 度假勝地 holiday resort 避暑勝地 summer resort
自然保護(hù)區(qū) nature reserve 國家公園 national park 旅游景點(diǎn) tourist attraction 古建筑群 ancient architectural complex 園林建筑 garden architecture
山水風(fēng)光 scenery with mountains and rivers 誘人景色 inviting views 湖光山色 landscape of lakes and hills 青山綠水 green hills and clear waters 景色如畫 picturesque views
金石印章 metal and stone seals 石刻碑文 stone inscriptions
天下第一泉 the finest spring under heaven 石舫 stone boat 水榭 waterside house 蓮花池 lotus pond
國畫 traditional Chinese painting 山水/水墨畫 landscape/ink painting
手工藝品 artifact;handicrafts 陶器 earthenware 折扇 folding fan 木/竹/貝雕 wood/bamboo/shell carving 聯(lián)合國教科文組織 UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 國民生產(chǎn)總值 GNP gross national product 國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 GDP gross domestic product
二、例句
1.桂林山水甲天下,陽朔山水甲桂林。
Guilin landscape tops those elsewhere, and Yangshuo landscape tops that of Guilin.2.這座寺廟歷史悠久,可追溯到初唐時(shí)期。
The temple has a long history dating back to the early period of the Tang Dynasty.3.該城市有全國規(guī)模最大、最負(fù)盛名的園林。
The city boasts the largest and the most famous garden in the country.三、練習(xí)
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
上海市英語高級(jí)口譯資格證書實(shí)考試題 【難度指數(shù)】☆☆☆ 【難易程度】適中
加拿大幅員遼闊,其面積僅次于俄羅斯??墒撬挥?600萬人,是聯(lián)合王國人口的一半還不到。國土的三分之一覆蓋著森林,還有大片的草原,無數(shù)的湖泊和河流。其氣候差異甚大。
除了溫哥華以外,冬天異常寒冷。加拿大的夏天總的來說天氣暖和,特別是內(nèi)陸地區(qū),因此你只需要輕薄的衣服。溫哥華 Vancouver
高級(jí)口譯筆記——人物訪談(Interview)VOCABLULARY 采訪人 interviewer 被采訪人 interviewee
常駐記者 resident correspondent 特派記者 staff correspondent 駐外國記者 foreign correspondent
現(xiàn)場報(bào)道 on-the-spot report;live report 新聞發(fā)布會(huì) news briefing 記者招待會(huì) press/news conference
消息靈通人士 well-informed source 權(quán)威人士/來源 authoritative source 可靠消息 reliable news
新聞/通訊稿 news release 頭條新聞 top/headline news 標(biāo)題新聞 headline news 內(nèi)幕新聞 inside story 花邊新聞 box news 時(shí)事 current news 雜聞 sidelights 專題報(bào)道 special report
專欄作家 columnist 特約撰稿人 staff writer 自由撰稿人 free-lancer
無可奉告 no comment 記者證 press card
通訊社 news agency 新華社 Xinhua News Agency 路透社(英)Reuter’s News Agency 美聯(lián)社(美)Associated Press 塔斯社(俄)TASS;Telegraphic Agency of Soviet Union
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
每日電訊報(bào)(英)The Daily Telegraph 紐約時(shí)報(bào) The New York Times 華爾街時(shí)報(bào) The Wall Street Journal 華盛頓郵報(bào) The Washington Post
高級(jí)口譯筆記——信息時(shí)代(The Information Age)
第一部分 詞匯
新興產(chǎn)業(yè) emerging industry 朝陽產(chǎn)業(yè) sunrise industry 網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè) Internet industry
虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí) virtual reality 虛擬商店 virtual store
兼容性計(jì)算機(jī)平臺(tái) compatible computing platform 微型瀏覽器 microbrowser 寬帶技術(shù) broadband technology 撥號(hào)上網(wǎng)調(diào)制解調(diào)器 dial-up modem 交互式多媒體 interactive multimedia 交互式電子書籍 interactive e-book 界面 interface 無線掌上導(dǎo)航器 wireless palm pilot 蜂窩通信 cellular communications 家用電器 household electrical appliances
局域網(wǎng) Intranet 網(wǎng)站 website 網(wǎng)民 netizen 網(wǎng)吧 cybercafe 網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界 cyber world 網(wǎng)上貿(mào)易 cyberbusiness 網(wǎng)上交易 networked transaction
上市 be listed on the stock market 市值 stock value 稅后利潤 after-tax profit 中國證監(jiān)會(huì) China Securities Regulatory Commision 納斯達(dá)克 NASDAQ National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations
ADSL: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line,不對(duì)稱數(shù)字訂閱線路
Delphi:讀音/′delfai/,特爾斐,古希臘城市名,被古希臘人當(dāng)成世界的中心,因有阿波羅神殿而出名。在電腦英語中指美國寶蘭(Borland)公司的一種可視化、面向?qū)ο?、事件?qū)動(dòng)的電腦編程語言。DLL:Dynamic Link Library, 動(dòng)態(tài)鏈接庫 DNS: Domain Name System,域名系統(tǒng) FTP: File Transfer Protocol,文件傳輸協(xié)議
Ghost: General Hardware Oriented System Transfer,全面硬件導(dǎo)向系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)移
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
HTML: HyperText Markup Language,超文本標(biāo)記語言 HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol,超文本傳輸協(xié)議 IP: Internet Protocol,網(wǎng)際協(xié)議
ISDN: Integrated Service Digital Network,綜合服務(wù)數(shù)字網(wǎng)絡(luò) ISP: Internet Service Provider,因特網(wǎng)服務(wù)提供商
Java:由美國太陽(Sun)公司推出的新型面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)語言。Java集面向?qū)ο?、平臺(tái)無關(guān)性、穩(wěn)固性、安全性、多線程等諸多特性于一體,增加了異常處理、網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程等方面的功能,特別適合于Internet應(yīng)用的開發(fā),是實(shí)現(xiàn)“一個(gè)世界,一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)”構(gòu)想的關(guān)鍵。用Java編寫的各類軟件能真正做到“Write Once,Run anywhere(一次寫成,到處運(yùn)行)”,也就是說,相同的軟件可在不同計(jì)算機(jī)上運(yùn)行,無論是PC機(jī)、蘋果機(jī)、UNIX計(jì)算機(jī)、還是頂置盒、PDA(個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)助理)乃至智能元器件無一例外。LAN: Local Area Network,局域網(wǎng)
MIDI:Musical Instrument Digital Interface,樂器數(shù)字接口
MPEG:是Motion Picture Experts Group的,運(yùn)動(dòng)圖像專家組 MSN: Microsoft Network,微軟網(wǎng)絡(luò)
OCR:Optical Character Recognition, 光學(xué)字符識(shí)別
OEM:Original Equipment Manufacturer, 原始設(shè)備制造商
RAM:Random Access Memory,隨機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器,即人們常說的“內(nèi)存”。ROM:Read-Only Memory,只讀存儲(chǔ)器。
第二部分 例句
據(jù)中國因特網(wǎng)信息中心的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),中國的公共網(wǎng)絡(luò)已覆蓋365個(gè)城市,上網(wǎng)電腦達(dá)520萬臺(tái),經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)者達(dá)1,260萬人以上,網(wǎng)址有32,000個(gè)。
According to statistics from China Internet Network Information Center, the public network covers 365 cities, and the number of on-line computers reached 5.2 million, with 12.6 million regular Internet users and 23,000 web sites.今天的因特網(wǎng)具有強(qiáng)大的通信功能,它可以提供電子郵件、即時(shí)信息和聊天室等多種通信方式。
Today’s Internet is a powerful way to communicate, including e-mail, instant messaging and chatroom services.關(guān)注未來因特網(wǎng)的最佳方法是了解今日的因特網(wǎng)存在著什么問題。
The best way of looking at the Internet of the future is to ask what is wrong with today’s.今天,商務(wù)和通信二十四小時(shí)不停地進(jìn)行著。在有線電視的新聞節(jié)目中所報(bào)道的事件不是在幾點(diǎn)鐘發(fā)生,而是在一個(gè)小時(shí)或30分鐘前發(fā)生。當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間已不再是一個(gè)有意義的時(shí)間標(biāo)志。
Today, commerce and communications never cease but go around the clock.On cable-TV news shows, events did not happen at which hour, but an hour or 30 minutes ago.Local time is no longer the meaning marker of events.高級(jí)口譯筆記——飲食文化(Catering Culture)
VOCABLULARY 烹調(diào)術(shù) cookery 色、香、味 color, aroma and taste 佐料 seasoning 刀功 slicing technique 清炒 plain-frying 煸 stir-frying 爆 quick-frying
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
炸 deep-frying 煎 pan-frying 焙 roasting 清蒸 steaming 氽 quick-boiling 熏 smoking 腌 salting
食譜 recipe 回鍋肉 twice-cooked pork slices in brown sauce 炸豬排 fried pork chop 北京烤鴨 roast Beijing duck 什錦炒蔬 stir-fried mixed vegetables 酸辣湯 hot and sour soup 雞茸蘑菇湯 cream of mushroom with chicken
主食 staple food 饅頭 steamed bread 米飯 steamed rice 揚(yáng)州炒飯 Yangchow fried rice 冷面 cold noodle 炒米粉 fried ground rice noodles 炸醬面 noodles with fried brown sauce paste 油條 fried twisted stick 鍋貼 pan-fried dumping 花卷 steamed twisted roll 小籠包子 steamed meat dumpling 粽子 rice dumpling wrapped in reed leaves
黑啤 dark beer 黃酒/花雕酒 yellow rice wine 烈酒 spitits/ strong liquor 白干 white liquor 佐餐酒 table wine(酒)加冰塊的 on the rocks(酒)不加冰塊的 straight up 小啜 sip 礦泉水 mineral water 紅茶 black tea 清咖啡 black coffee 全脂/脫脂奶 whole/skim milk 酸奶 yoghurt
粟子 chestnut 馬蹄梨 water chestnut 蓮子 lotus seed
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
藕 lotus root 獼猴桃 kiwi fruit 山楂 haw 棗 Chinese date
餐前開胃點(diǎn)心 appretizer 主菜 main course 附菜 side dish 餐后甜食 dessert 什錦色拉 mixed fruit salad with ham 什錦水果圣代 mixed fruit sundae 民族風(fēng)味餐 ethnic food 小吃 snack 冷盤 cold dish 點(diǎn)心 pastry 餐桌圓轉(zhuǎn)盤 Lazy Susan
PRACTICE Translate the following passage into English 評(píng)判中餐烹調(diào)的優(yōu)劣可依據(jù)中餐的三大要素,即“色、香、味”?!吧弊鳛椤吧?、香、味”三要素中的首要標(biāo)準(zhǔn),充分體現(xiàn)在宴會(huì)菜肴的裝盤、擺放和圖案上。最能顯示色彩的是首先上桌的好道煞費(fèi)苦心而精心制作的冷盤?!跋恪辈粌H是指鼻子對(duì)食物的直接感受,它還包括所選原料的新鮮成度以及佐料的合理搭配?!拔丁眲t體現(xiàn)了恰到好處的調(diào)味藝術(shù),當(dāng)然它也包括食物的質(zhì)地,以及切菜的刀功。色、香、味這三大要素的高品質(zhì),只有通過選料、調(diào)料、適時(shí)烹調(diào)、把握火候、裝盤上桌這些微妙步驟的細(xì)心協(xié)調(diào),才能取得。
高級(jí)口譯筆記——諺語口譯(Interpreting Proverbs)③
三、形異意合的諺語,這類諺語常常會(huì)被望“形”生“意”,造成誤譯。
1.A bad conscience is a snake in one’s heart.做賊心虛。
2.Accidents will happen.天有不測風(fēng)云,人有旦夕禍福。
3.A clear conscience is a sure card.為人不做虧心事,半夜不怕鬼敲門。
4.A hedge between keeps friendship green.君子之交淡如水。
5.All your swans are geese.事與愿違。
6.As you make the bed, so you must lie in it.自食其果。
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
7.A watched pot never boils.心急吃不了熱豆腐。
8.Count one’s chickens before they are hatched.盲目樂觀。
9.Danger is next neighbor to security.塞翁失馬,安知非福?
10.Do in Rome as Romans do.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。
11.Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.順其自然。
12.Everybody’s business is nobody’s business.三個(gè)和尚無水吃。
13.Justice has long arms.天網(wǎng)恢恢,疏而不漏。
14.He knows most who speaks least./Still water runs deep.大智若愚。
15.Late fruit keeps well.大器晚成。
16.Many kiss the baby by the name of the nurse’s sake.醉翁之意不在酒。
17.Misfortune might be a blessing in disguises.禍兮福所倚,福兮禍所伏。
18.Names are debts.樹大招風(fēng)。
19.Nothing venture, nothing have.不入虎穴,焉得虎子。
20.Rest breeds rust.生命在于運(yùn)動(dòng)。
21.Rome was not built in a day.冰凍三尺非一日之寒。
22.Save your breath to cool your porridge.bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
各人自掃門前雪,莫管他人瓦上霜。
23.Short pleasure, long lament.一失足成千古恨。
24.Stick together through thick and thin.患難與共。
25.Take things as they come.既來之則安之。
26.The pot calls the kettle black.五十步笑一百步。
27.The shepherd would rather lose the wool than the sheep.留得青山在,不怕沒柴燒。
28.Things done cannot be undone.木已成舟。/覆水難收。
29.True blue will never stain.真金不怕火煉。
30.You cannot make a crab walk straight.江山易移,本性難改。
高級(jí)口譯筆記——諺語口譯(Interpreting Proverbs)②
二、形似意合的諺語
1.A new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。
2.All roads lead to Rome./ All rivers run into the sea.殊途同歸。
3.As a man sows, so he shall reap.種瓜得瓜,和豆得豆。
4.A sparrow cannot understand the ambition of a swan.燕雀安知鴻鵠之志。
5.A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.身正不怕影兒斜。
6.A word spoken is past recalling.一言既出,駟馬難追。
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
7.Beat the dog before the lion.殺雞儆猴。Better an open enemy than a false friend.明槍易躲,暗箭難防。
9.Diamond cut diamond.強(qiáng)中更有強(qiáng)中手。
10.Do one thing under cover of another.明修棧道,暗度陳倉。
11.Dogs bite in every country.天下烏鴉一般黑。
12.Every potter praises his pot.王婆賣瓜,自賣自夸。
13.Fine feathers make fine birds.佛要金裝,人要衣裝。
14.Gifts blind the eyes.拿了手短,吃了嘴軟。
15.Good wine needs no bush.酒香不怕巷子深。
16.Have a card up one’s sleeve.胸有成竹。
17.He cries wine and sells vinegar.掛羊頭,賣狗肉。
18.He takes a spear to kill a fly.殺雞用牛刀。
19.In for a penny, in for a pound.一不做,二不休。
20.It is better to be the head of a dog/lizard than the tail of a lion.寧為雞首,不為牛后。
21.It is better to die than to live when life is a disgrace./ Better die with honor than live with shame.寧可玉碎,不為瓦全。
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
22.Judge not a book by its cover.人不可貌相,海不可斗量。
23.Kill two birds with one stone.一箭雙雕。/一石二鳥。
24.Let sleeping dogs lie.勿打草驚蛇。
25.Love me, love my dog.愛屋及屋。
26.Much will have more.得隴望蜀。/得寸進(jìn)尺。
27.Once bit, twice shy.一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井繩。
28.Peace on the forehead and war in the mind.口蜜腹劍。
29.Put the cart before the horse.本未倒置。
30.Speak of the devil(and he will appear).說曹操,曹操到。
31.Teach fish to swim.班門弄斧。
32.The pupil outdoes the master.青出于藍(lán)而勝于藍(lán)。
33.The same knife cuts bread and fingers.水能載舟,亦能覆舟。
34.The sauce is better than the fish.喧賓奪主。
35.There are plenty of fish in the sea.天涯何處無芳草。
36.There is no smoke without fire.無風(fēng)不起浪。
高級(jí)口譯筆記——諺語口譯(Interpreting Proverbs)①
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
諺語作為一種以簡單通俗的語言來表達(dá)深刻道理的語句,常為人們所引用。千百年來各國之間或多或少的文化交流,往往會(huì)使一個(gè)民族的諺語跨越疆界,廣為流傳于其它民族。許多諺語流傳甚廣,早已為我們所熟知。因此,諺語的口譯并非是一道不可逾越的障礙。諺語的口譯大致可分為三種類型,一種是“形同意合”的口譯,第二種是“形似意合”的口譯,第三種是“形異意合”的口譯。
一、“形同意合”的諺語
A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.吃一塹,長一智。
All shall be well, Jack shall have Jill.有情人終成成眷屬。
A man should not bite the hand that feeds him.不要恩將仇報(bào)。
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.情人眼里出西施。Business is business.公事公辦。
Facts speak louder than words.事實(shí)勝于雄辯。
Failure is the mother of success.失敗乃成功之母。Fish in troubled waters.渾水摸魚。
Friends must part.聚散離合總有時(shí)。/天下無不散之宴席。Great minds think alike.英雄所見略同。
Health is better than wealth.家有萬貫財(cái),不如一身健。
Hedges have eyes, walls have ears.隔籬有眼,隔墻有耳。
In time of peace prepare for war.居安當(dāng)思危。
Like father, like son.有其父,必有其子。
Man proposes, God disposes.謀事在人,成事在天。
Misfortunes never come alone.禍不單行。
Money can’t buy time.寸金難買寸光陰。More haste, less speed.欲速則不達(dá)。
Out of office, out of danger.無官一身輕。
Out of sight, out of mind./Far from eye, far from heart.眼不見為凈。
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
Pride goes before a fall.驕者必?cái) ?/p>
The style is the man.文如其人。
Time and tide wait for no man.時(shí)不我待。/歲月無情。
The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future.前事不忘后事之師。/前車之覆,后車之鑒。To teach is to learn.教學(xué)相長。
The tongue cuts the throat.禍從口出。/言多必失。
高級(jí)口譯筆記——商務(wù)談判(Business Negotiation)第一部分 基本詞匯 詢價(jià) make an inquiry 報(bào)價(jià) quotation 報(bào)/發(fā)盤 offer 底盤 floor offer 實(shí)/虛盤 firm/non-firm offer 開/收盤 opening/closing price 現(xiàn)/期貨價(jià) spot/forward price 還盤 counter-offer 回傭 return commission 到岸價(jià) C.I.F.(即Cost, Insurance and Freight)到岸加傭金價(jià) C.I.F.C.(即Cost, Insurance, Freight and Commission)
現(xiàn)貨 spot goods 庫存有限 limited stock 批發(fā)價(jià) wholesale price 零售價(jià) retail price 凈利潤 net profit 定金 down payment 分期付款 payment by installment 現(xiàn)金結(jié)算 cash settlement 信用證結(jié)算 payment by letter of credit(L/C)
股東 shareholder;stockholder 我方 on our part 雙贏戰(zhàn)略 win-win strategy
中止合同 terminate the contract 提出索賠 lodge a claim 要求賠償損失 claim for a compensation of the loss/damage 貿(mào)易索賠 business claim 補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易 compenstion trade
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
第二部分 詞語擴(kuò)展
商品交易會(huì) Commodities Fair 經(jīng)營范圍 line/scope of business 獨(dú)家經(jīng)銷代理 exclusive selling agency 市場準(zhǔn)入 market access 機(jī)床 machine tools 汽車零部件 auto parts 電子商務(wù) e-commerce;e-business
第三部分 例句
請(qǐng)給我一個(gè)有效期為90天的C.I.F.報(bào)價(jià),目的港為洛杉磯,報(bào)價(jià)含5%的傭金。
I'd like to hear your quotation on a C.I.F.Los Angeles basis valid for 90 days, with an inclusion of 5% angent's commission in your quotation.高級(jí)口譯筆記——禮儀祝詞(Ceremonial Speech)第一部分 基本詞匯
開幕/閉幕式 opening/closing ceremony 開幕詞 opening speech/address 致開幕詞 make an opening speech 友好訪問 goodwill visit
閣下 Your/His/Her Honor/Excellency 貴賓 distinguished guest 尊敬的市長先生 Respected Mr.Mayor 遠(yuǎn)道而來/來自大洋彼岸的朋友 friends coming from a distant land/the other side of the Pacific 東道國 host country
宣布??開幕 declare??open 值此之際 on the occasion of 借此機(jī)會(huì) take this opportunity to 以??名義 in the name of 本著??精神 in the spirit of 代表 on the behalf of
由衷的謝意 heartfelt thanks 友好款待 gracious hospitality 正式邀請(qǐng) officioa invitation 回顧過去 look back on 展望未來 look ahead/look into the future 最后 in closing 圓滿成功 a complete success 提議祝酒 propose a toast
第二部分 詞語擴(kuò)展
一、政治詞匯
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
亞太地區(qū) Asian-Pacific region 建交 establishment of diplomatic relations between 互訪 exchange of visit 外交政策 foreign policy 一貫奉行 in persistent pursuit of 平等互利 equality and mutual benefit 雙邊關(guān)系 bilateral relations 持久和平lasting peace
二、政治詞匯
貿(mào)易額 trade volume 商業(yè)界 business community 跨國公司 transnational corporation 經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國/經(jīng)濟(jì)大國/經(jīng)濟(jì)列強(qiáng)(視具體情況翻譯)economic power
第三部分 例句
1.我愿借此機(jī)會(huì),代表我們代表團(tuán)的全體成員,對(duì)我們東道主的誠摯邀請(qǐng),表示真誠的謝意。
On the behalf of all the members of my mission, I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation.2.現(xiàn)在,我愉快地宣布第二十二屆萬國郵政聯(lián)盟大會(huì)開幕。
Now, I have the pleasure to declare the 22nd Universal Postal Congress open.3.我很榮幸地代表中國政府和人民向來自聯(lián)合王國的代表團(tuán)表示熱烈的歡迎。
I have the honor to express this warm welcome on behalf of the Chinese Government and people to the delegation from the United Kingdom.4.我謹(jǐn)向各位表示最熱烈的歡迎。
I would like to extend my warmest welocme to all of you.5.我預(yù)祝大會(huì)圓滿成功!
I wish the conference a complete success!
高級(jí)口譯筆記——外事接待(reception)第一部分 基本詞匯 日程安排 schedule 預(yù)訂 reserve
根據(jù)??的要求 upon??request 專程造訪 come all the way
精心安排 a thoughtful arrangement 排憂解難 help out
第二部分 詞語擴(kuò)展
機(jī)場大樓 terminal building 候機(jī)大廳 waiting hall
起飛時(shí)間 departure/take-off time 抵達(dá)時(shí)間 arrival time 海關(guān) the Customs
往返票 round-trip ticket
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
入境/出境/旅游簽證 entry/exit/tourist visa 免稅商店 duty-free shop 豪華套房 luxury suite
單/雙人房 single/double room
第三部分 例句
1.You must be our long-expected guest,……
2.Excuse me, I haven't had the honor of knowing you.3.I'm glad to have the honor of introducing…… 4.Small world, isn't it? 5.Thank you for coming all the way to our company.6.I hop you'll enjoy your stay here.7.host a receptipn banquet in your honor
高級(jí)口譯筆記——稱謂口譯
一、以“總??”表示的首席長官,可選擇general、chief、head這類詞表示。
總書記 general secretary
總工程師 chief engineer
總會(huì)計(jì)師 chief accountant
總經(jīng)理 general manager
總代理 general agent
總教練 head coach 二、一些行業(yè)的職稱頭銜,直接用“高級(jí)”或“資深”來表示,可用“senior”來稱呼。
高級(jí)記者 senior reporter
高級(jí)講師 senior lecturer
三、“首席”英語常用chief來表達(dá)。
首席執(zhí)行官 chief cxecutive officer(CEO)
首席顧問 chief advisor
首席檢察官 chief inspector
四、還有一些高級(jí)職務(wù)帶“長”字,例如:
參謀長 chief of staff
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
護(hù)士長 head nurse
秘書長 secretary-general
五、以“副”字的表示副職的行政職務(wù)頭銜,可用vice、deputy表達(dá)。
副總統(tǒng) vice president
副主席 vice chairman
副總理 vice minister
副秘書長 deputy secretary-general
副書記 deputy secretary
副市長 deputy mayor
六、學(xué)術(shù)頭銜的“副”職稱,常用associate表示。
副教授 associate professor
副研究員 associate research fellow
副審判長 associate judge
副主任醫(yī)師 associate doctor
七、學(xué)術(shù)頭銜中的初級(jí)職稱如“助理”,我們可以用assistant來稱呼。
助理教授 assistant professor
助理研究員 assistant research fellow
助理工程師 assistant engineer 八、一般說來,“代理”可譯作acting,例如:
代理市長 acting mayor
代理總理 acting premier
代理主任 acting director
九、常務(wù)”可以用“managing“表示。
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
大家網(wǎng)翻譯資格考試論壇
常務(wù)理事 managing director
常務(wù)副校長 managing vice president
十、執(zhí)行”可譯作executive
執(zhí)行秘書 executive secretary
執(zhí)行主席 executive chairman
十一、還有很多稱謂的英語表達(dá)方式難以歸類,這就需要我們?nèi)辗e月累,逐步總結(jié)。例如:
辦公室主任 office manager
車間主任 workshop manager
客座教授 visiting professor
村長 village head
稅務(wù)員 tax collector
股票交易員 stock dealer
十二、最后是我們國家特有的一些榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)的口譯。
勞動(dòng)模范 model worker
優(yōu)秀員工 ortstanding employee
標(biāo)兵 pacemaker
三好學(xué)生 ”triple-A" outstanding student;outstanding student
bbs.topsage.com/index_110.html
第四篇:高級(jí)口譯詞匯短語
高級(jí)口譯筆記——文化交流(Cultural Exchange)
一、詞匯
漢字的四聲(平聲、上聲、仄聲和去聲)the four tones of Chinese characters, namely, the level tone, the rising tone, the falling-rising tone, and the falling tone 筆畫 stroke 部首 radical 偏旁 basic character component 象形文字 pictograph
獨(dú)角戲 monodrama/one-man play 皮影戲 shadow play 折子戲 opera highlights 單口相聲 monologue comic talk 對(duì)口相聲 comic cross talk 說書 monologue story-telling 傳說 legend 神話 mythology 寓言 fable
武術(shù) martial art 氣功 controlled breathing exercise 氣功療法 breathing technique therapy 春聯(lián) spring couplet 剪紙 paper-cut 戲劇臉譜 theatrical mask
草藥的四氣:寒、熱、溫、涼 four properties of medicinal herb: cold, hot, warm and cool 草藥的五味:酸、苦、甘、辛、咸 five tastes of medicinal herb: sour, bitter, sweet, hot and salty
二十四節(jié)氣 the twenty-four solar terms 天干地支 the heavenly stems and earthly branches 清明節(jié) the Pure Brightness Day 端午節(jié) the Dragon Boat Festival 中秋節(jié) the Mid-Autumn Festival
文化事業(yè) cultural undertaking 民族文化 national culture 民間文化 folk culture 鄉(xiāng)土文化 native/country culture 跨文化交流 cross-cultural communication 文化沖擊 culture shock
表演藝術(shù) performing art 舞臺(tái)藝術(shù) stage art 流行藝術(shù) popular/pop art 高雅藝術(shù) elegant/high art 電影藝術(shù) cinematographic art
十四行詩 sonnet 三幕六場劇 a three-act and six-scene play 音樂舞臺(tái)劇 musical
復(fù)活節(jié) Easter 萬圣節(jié) Halloween
內(nèi)容與形式的統(tǒng)一 unity of content and form
古為今用,洋為中用。
Make the past serve the present and the foreign serve China.中國是一個(gè)歷史悠久、文化燦爛的多民族國家。
China is a multinational country with a long history and splendid culture.文化交流不是讓外國文化吞沒自己的文化,而是為了豐富和充實(shí)本民族的文化。
Cultural exchange is by no means a process of losing one’s won culture to a foreign culture, but one of inriching a nation’s own culture.二、練習(xí)
【難度指數(shù)】☆☆☆
【難易程度】a piece of cake 筷子起源于中國,現(xiàn)在許多亞洲國家都使用它。第一批筷子是骨頭或玉制成的。在春秋時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了銅制和鐵制的筷子。在古代,富人家用玉或金子制成筷子以顯示其家庭的富有。許多帝王有銀制的筷子來檢查他們的食物是否被投了毒。友情提示:
筷子:chopsticks 玉:jade
高級(jí)口譯筆記——旅游觀光(Tourism)
一、詞匯
中國國家旅游局 China National Tourism Administration 中國國際旅行社 China International Travel Service 旅游管理局 tourist administration burear 旅行社 travel service/agency 旅游公司 tourism company 春/秋游 spring/autumn outing 假日旅行 vacation tour
目的地 destination 自然景觀 natural scenery/attraction 人文景觀 places of historic figures and cultural heritage 名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers 名勝古跡 scenic spots and historical sites 佛教名山 famous Buddhist mountain 五岳 five great mountains 避暑山莊 mountain resort 度假勝地 holiday resort 避暑勝地 summer resort
自然保護(hù)區(qū) nature reserve 國家公園 national park 旅游景點(diǎn) tourist attraction 古建筑群 ancient architectural complex 園林建筑 garden architecture
山水風(fēng)光 scenery with mountains and rivers 誘人景色 inviting views 湖光山色 landscape of lakes and hills 青山綠水 green hills and clear waters 景色如畫 picturesque views
金石印章 metal and stone seals 石刻碑文 stone inscriptions
天下第一泉 the finest spring under heaven 石舫 stone boat 水榭 waterside house 蓮花池 lotus pond
國畫 traditional Chinese painting 山水/水墨畫 landscape/ink painting
手工藝品 artifact;handicrafts 陶器 earthenware 折扇 folding fan 木/竹/貝雕 wood/bamboo/shell carving 聯(lián)合國教科文組織 UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 國民生產(chǎn)總值 GNP gross national product 國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 GDP gross domestic product
二、例句
1.桂林山水甲天下,陽朔山水甲桂林。
Guilin landscape tops those elsewhere, and Yangshuo landscape tops that of Guilin.2.這座寺廟歷史悠久,可追溯到初唐時(shí)期。
The temple has a long history dating back to the early period of the Tang Dynasty.3.該城市有全國規(guī)模最大、最負(fù)盛名的園林。
The city boasts the largest and the most famous garden in the country.三、練習(xí)
上海市英語高級(jí)口譯資格證書實(shí)考試題 【難度指數(shù)】☆☆☆ 【難易程度】適中
加拿大幅員遼闊,其面積僅次于俄羅斯。可是它只有2600萬人,是聯(lián)合王國人口的一半還不到。國土的三分之一覆蓋著森林,還有大片的草原,無數(shù)的湖泊和河流。其氣候差異甚大。
除了溫哥華以外,冬天異常寒冷。加拿大的夏天總的來說天氣暖和,特別是內(nèi)陸地區(qū),因此你只需要輕薄的衣服。溫哥華 Vancouver
高級(jí)口譯筆記——人物訪談(Interview)VOCABLULARY 采訪人 interviewer 被采訪人 interviewee
常駐記者 resident correspondent 特派記者 staff correspondent 駐外國記者 foreign correspondent
現(xiàn)場報(bào)道 on-the-spot report;live report 新聞發(fā)布會(huì) news briefing 記者招待會(huì) press/news conference
消息靈通人士 well-informed source 權(quán)威人士/來源 authoritative source 可靠消息 reliable news
新聞/通訊稿 news release 頭條新聞 top/headline news 標(biāo)題新聞 headline news 內(nèi)幕新聞 inside story 花邊新聞 box news 時(shí)事 current news 雜聞 sidelights 專題報(bào)道 special report
專欄作家 columnist 特約撰稿人 staff writer 自由撰稿人 free-lancer
無可奉告 no comment 記者證 press card
通訊社 news agency 新華社 Xinhua News Agency 路透社(英)Reuter’s News Agency 美聯(lián)社(美)Associated Press 塔斯社(俄)TASS;Telegraphic Agency of Soviet Union 每日電訊報(bào)(英)The Daily Telegraph 紐約時(shí)報(bào) The New York Times 華爾街時(shí)報(bào) The Wall Street Journal 華盛頓郵報(bào) The Washington Post
高級(jí)口譯筆記——信息時(shí)代(The Information Age)
第一部分 詞匯
新興產(chǎn)業(yè) emerging industry 朝陽產(chǎn)業(yè) sunrise industry 網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè) Internet industry
虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí) virtual reality 虛擬商店 virtual store
兼容性計(jì)算機(jī)平臺(tái) compatible computing platform 微型瀏覽器 microbrowser 寬帶技術(shù) broadband technology 撥號(hào)上網(wǎng)調(diào)制解調(diào)器 dial-up modem 交互式多媒體 interactive multimedia 交互式電子書籍 interactive e-book 界面 interface 無線掌上導(dǎo)航器 wireless palm pilot 蜂窩通信 cellular communications 家用電器 household electrical appliances
局域網(wǎng) Intranet 網(wǎng)站 website 網(wǎng)民 netizen 網(wǎng)吧 cybercafe 網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界 cyber world 網(wǎng)上貿(mào)易 cyberbusiness 網(wǎng)上交易 networked transaction
上市 be listed on the stock market 市值 stock value 稅后利潤 after-tax profit 中國證監(jiān)會(huì) China Securities Regulatory Commision 納斯達(dá)克 NASDAQ National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations
ADSL: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line,不對(duì)稱數(shù)字訂閱線路
Delphi:讀音/′delfai/,特爾斐,古希臘城市名,被古希臘人當(dāng)成世界的中心,因有阿波羅神殿而出名。在電腦英語中指美國寶蘭(Borland)公司的一種可視化、面向?qū)ο?、事件?qū)動(dòng)的電腦編程語言。DLL:Dynamic Link Library, 動(dòng)態(tài)鏈接庫 DNS: Domain Name System,域名系統(tǒng) FTP: File Transfer Protocol,文件傳輸協(xié)議
Ghost: General Hardware Oriented System Transfer,全面硬件導(dǎo)向系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)移 HTML: HyperText Markup Language,超文本標(biāo)記語言 HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol,超文本傳輸協(xié)議 IP: Internet Protocol,網(wǎng)際協(xié)議
ISDN: Integrated Service Digital Network,綜合服務(wù)數(shù)字網(wǎng)絡(luò) ISP: Internet Service Provider,因特網(wǎng)服務(wù)提供商
Java:由美國太陽(Sun)公司推出的新型面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)語言。Java集面向?qū)ο?、平臺(tái)無關(guān)性、穩(wěn)固性、安全性、多線程等諸多特性于一體,增加了異常處理、網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程等方面的功能,特別適合于Internet應(yīng)用的開發(fā),是實(shí)現(xiàn)“一個(gè)世界,一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)”構(gòu)想的關(guān)鍵。用Java編寫的各類軟件能真正做到“Write Once,Run anywhere(一次寫成,到處運(yùn)行)”,也就是說,相同的軟件可在不同計(jì)算機(jī)上運(yùn)行,無論是PC機(jī)、蘋果機(jī)、UNIX計(jì)算機(jī)、還是頂置盒、PDA(個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)助理)乃至智能元器件無一例外。LAN: Local Area Network,局域網(wǎng)
MIDI:Musical Instrument Digital Interface,樂器數(shù)字接口
MPEG:是Motion Picture Experts Group的,運(yùn)動(dòng)圖像專家組 MSN: Microsoft Network,微軟網(wǎng)絡(luò)
OCR:Optical Character Recognition, 光學(xué)字符識(shí)別
OEM:Original Equipment Manufacturer, 原始設(shè)備制造商
RAM:Random Access Memory,隨機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器,即人們常說的“內(nèi)存”。ROM:Read-Only Memory,只讀存儲(chǔ)器。
第二部分 例句
據(jù)中國因特網(wǎng)信息中心的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),中國的公共網(wǎng)絡(luò)已覆蓋365個(gè)城市,上網(wǎng)電腦達(dá)520萬臺(tái),經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)者達(dá)1,260萬人以上,網(wǎng)址有32,000個(gè)。
According to statistics from China Internet Network Information Center, the public network covers 365 cities, and the number of on-line computers reached 5.2 million, with 12.6 million regular Internet users and 23,000 web sites.今天的因特網(wǎng)具有強(qiáng)大的通信功能,它可以提供電子郵件、即時(shí)信息和聊天室等多種通信方式。
Today’s Internet is a powerful way to communicate, including e-mail, instant messaging and chatroom services.關(guān)注未來因特網(wǎng)的最佳方法是了解今日的因特網(wǎng)存在著什么問題。
The best way of looking at the Internet of the future is to ask what is wrong with today’s.今天,商務(wù)和通信二十四小時(shí)不停地進(jìn)行著。在有線電視的新聞節(jié)目中所報(bào)道的事件不是在幾點(diǎn)鐘發(fā)生,而是在一個(gè)小時(shí)或30分鐘前發(fā)生。當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間已不再是一個(gè)有意義的時(shí)間標(biāo)志。
Today, commerce and communications never cease but go around the clock.On cable-TV news shows, events did not happen at which hour, but an hour or 30 minutes ago.Local time is no longer the meaning marker of events.高級(jí)口譯筆記——飲食文化(Catering Culture)
VOCABLULARY 烹調(diào)術(shù) cookery 色、香、味 color, aroma and taste 佐料 seasoning 刀功 slicing technique 清炒 plain-frying 煸 stir-frying 爆 quick-frying 炸 deep-frying 煎 pan-frying 焙 roasting 清蒸 steaming 氽 quick-boiling 熏 smoking 腌 salting
食譜 recipe 回鍋肉 twice-cooked pork slices in brown sauce 炸豬排 fried pork chop 北京烤鴨 roast Beijing duck 什錦炒蔬 stir-fried mixed vegetables 酸辣湯 hot and sour soup 雞茸蘑菇湯 cream of mushroom with chicken
主食 staple food 饅頭 steamed bread 米飯 steamed rice 揚(yáng)州炒飯 Yangchow fried rice 冷面 cold noodle 炒米粉 fried ground rice noodles 炸醬面 noodles with fried brown sauce paste 油條 fried twisted stick 鍋貼 pan-fried dumping 花卷 steamed twisted roll 小籠包子 steamed meat dumpling 粽子 rice dumpling wrapped in reed leaves
黑啤 dark beer 黃酒/花雕酒 yellow rice wine 烈酒 spitits/ strong liquor 白干 white liquor 佐餐酒 table wine(酒)加冰塊的 on the rocks(酒)不加冰塊的 straight up 小啜 sip 礦泉水 mineral water 紅茶 black tea 清咖啡 black coffee 全脂/脫脂奶 whole/skim milk 酸奶 yoghurt
粟子 chestnut 馬蹄梨 water chestnut 蓮子 lotus seed 藕 lotus root 獼猴桃 kiwi fruit 山楂 haw 棗 Chinese date
餐前開胃點(diǎn)心 appretizer 主菜 main course 附菜 side dish 餐后甜食 dessert 什錦色拉 mixed fruit salad with ham 什錦水果圣代 mixed fruit sundae 民族風(fēng)味餐 ethnic food 小吃 snack 冷盤 cold dish 點(diǎn)心 pastry 餐桌圓轉(zhuǎn)盤 Lazy Susan
PRACTICE Translate the following passage into English 評(píng)判中餐烹調(diào)的優(yōu)劣可依據(jù)中餐的三大要素,即“色、香、味”。“色”作為“色、香、味”三要素中的首要標(biāo)準(zhǔn),充分體現(xiàn)在宴會(huì)菜肴的裝盤、擺放和圖案上。最能顯示色彩的是首先上桌的好道煞費(fèi)苦心而精心制作的冷盤?!跋恪辈粌H是指鼻子對(duì)食物的直接感受,它還包括所選原料的新鮮成度以及佐料的合理搭配?!拔丁眲t體現(xiàn)了恰到好處的調(diào)味藝術(shù),當(dāng)然它也包括食物的質(zhì)地,以及切菜的刀功。色、香、味這三大要素的高品質(zhì),只有通過選料、調(diào)料、適時(shí)烹調(diào)、把握火候、裝盤上桌這些微妙步驟的細(xì)心協(xié)調(diào),才能取得。
高級(jí)口譯筆記——諺語口譯(Interpreting Proverbs)③
三、形異意合的諺語,這類諺語常常會(huì)被望“形”生“意”,造成誤譯。
1.A bad conscience is a snake in one’s heart.做賊心虛。
2.Accidents will happen.天有不測風(fēng)云,人有旦夕禍福。
3.A clear conscience is a sure card.為人不做虧心事,半夜不怕鬼敲門。
4.A hedge between keeps friendship green.君子之交淡如水。
5.All your swans are geese.事與愿違。
6.As you make the bed, so you must lie in it.自食其果。
7.A watched pot never boils.心急吃不了熱豆腐。
8.Count one’s chickens before they are hatched.盲目樂觀。
9.Danger is next neighbor to security.塞翁失馬,安知非福?
10.Do in Rome as Romans do.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。
11.Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.順其自然。
12.Everybody’s business is nobody’s business.三個(gè)和尚無水吃。
13.Justice has long arms.天網(wǎng)恢恢,疏而不漏。
14.He knows most who speaks least./Still water runs deep.大智若愚。
15.Late fruit keeps well.大器晚成。
16.Many kiss the baby by the name of the nurse’s sake.醉翁之意不在酒。
17.Misfortune might be a blessing in disguises.禍兮福所倚,福兮禍所伏。
18.Names are debts.樹大招風(fēng)。
19.Nothing venture, nothing have.不入虎穴,焉得虎子。
20.Rest breeds rust.生命在于運(yùn)動(dòng)。
21.Rome was not built in a day.冰凍三尺非一日之寒。
22.Save your breath to cool your porridge.各人自掃門前雪,莫管他人瓦上霜。
23.Short pleasure, long lament.一失足成千古恨。
24.Stick together through thick and thin.患難與共。
25.Take things as they come.既來之則安之。
26.The pot calls the kettle black.五十步笑一百步。
27.The shepherd would rather lose the wool than the sheep.留得青山在,不怕沒柴燒。
28.Things done cannot be undone.木已成舟。/覆水難收。
29.True blue will never stain.真金不怕火煉。
30.You cannot make a crab walk straight.江山易移,本性難改。
高級(jí)口譯筆記——諺語口譯(Interpreting Proverbs)②
二、形似意合的諺語
1.A new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。
2.All roads lead to Rome./ All rivers run into the sea.殊途同歸。
3.As a man sows, so he shall reap.種瓜得瓜,和豆得豆。
4.A sparrow cannot understand the ambition of a swan.燕雀安知鴻鵠之志。
5.A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.身正不怕影兒斜。
6.A word spoken is past recalling.一言既出,駟馬難追。
7.Beat the dog before the lion.殺雞儆猴。Better an open enemy than a false friend.明槍易躲,暗箭難防。
9.Diamond cut diamond.強(qiáng)中更有強(qiáng)中手。
10.Do one thing under cover of another.明修棧道,暗度陳倉。
11.Dogs bite in every country.天下烏鴉一般黑。
12.Every potter praises his pot.王婆賣瓜,自賣自夸。
13.Fine feathers make fine birds.佛要金裝,人要衣裝。
14.Gifts blind the eyes.拿了手短,吃了嘴軟。
15.Good wine needs no bush.酒香不怕巷子深。
16.Have a card up one’s sleeve.胸有成竹。
17.He cries wine and sells vinegar.掛羊頭,賣狗肉。
18.He takes a spear to kill a fly.殺雞用牛刀。
19.In for a penny, in for a pound.一不做,二不休。20.It is better to be the head of a dog/lizard than the tail of a lion.寧為雞首,不為牛后。
21.It is better to die than to live when life is a disgrace./ Better die with honor than live with shame.寧可玉碎,不為瓦全。
22.Judge not a book by its cover.人不可貌相,海不可斗量。
23.Kill two birds with one stone.一箭雙雕。/一石二鳥。
24.Let sleeping dogs lie.勿打草驚蛇。
25.Love me, love my dog.愛屋及屋。
26.Much will have more.得隴望蜀。/得寸進(jìn)尺。
27.Once bit, twice shy.一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井繩。
28.Peace on the forehead and war in the mind.口蜜腹劍。
29.Put the cart before the horse.本未倒置。
30.Speak of the devil(and he will appear).說曹操,曹操到。
31.Teach fish to swim.班門弄斧。
32.The pupil outdoes the master.青出于藍(lán)而勝于藍(lán)。
33.The same knife cuts bread and fingers.水能載舟,亦能覆舟。
34.The sauce is better than the fish.喧賓奪主。
35.There are plenty of fish in the sea.天涯何處無芳草。
36.There is no smoke without fire.無風(fēng)不起浪。
高級(jí)口譯筆記——諺語口譯(Interpreting Proverbs)①
諺語作為一種以簡單通俗的語言來表達(dá)深刻道理的語句,常為人們所引用。千百年來各國之間或多或少的文化交流,往往會(huì)使一個(gè)民族的諺語跨越疆界,廣為流傳于其它民族。許多諺語流傳甚廣,早已為我們所熟知。因此,諺語的口譯并非是一道不可逾越的障礙。諺語的口譯大致可分為三種類型,一種是“形同意合”的口譯,第二種是“形似意合”的口譯,第三種是“形異意合”的口譯。
一、“形同意合”的諺語
A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.吃一塹,長一智。
All shall be well, Jack shall have Jill.有情人終成成眷屬。
A man should not bite the hand that feeds him.不要恩將仇報(bào)。
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.情人眼里出西施。Business is business.公事公辦。
Facts speak louder than words.事實(shí)勝于雄辯。
Failure is the mother of success.失敗乃成功之母。Fish in troubled waters.渾水摸魚。
Friends must part.聚散離合總有時(shí)。/天下無不散之宴席。Great minds think alike.英雄所見略同。
Health is better than wealth.家有萬貫財(cái),不如一身健。
Hedges have eyes, walls have ears.隔籬有眼,隔墻有耳。
In time of peace prepare for war.居安當(dāng)思危。
Like father, like son.有其父,必有其子。
Man proposes, God disposes.謀事在人,成事在天。
Misfortunes never come alone.禍不單行。
Money can’t buy time.寸金難買寸光陰。More haste, less speed.欲速則不達(dá)。
Out of office, out of danger.無官一身輕。
Out of sight, out of mind./Far from eye, far from heart.眼不見為凈。
Pride goes before a fall.驕者必?cái) he style is the man.文如其人。
Time and tide wait for no man.時(shí)不我待。/歲月無情。
The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future.前事不忘后事之師。/前車之覆,后車之鑒。To teach is to learn.教學(xué)相長。
The tongue cuts the throat.禍從口出。/言多必失。
高級(jí)口譯筆記——同聲傳譯(Undertaking Simultaneous Interpretation)
同聲傳譯,又稱同步口譯,是譯員在不打斷講話者演講的情況下,不停地將其講話內(nèi)容傳譯給聽眾的一種口譯方式。同聲傳譯的最大優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于效率高,可以保證講話才作連貫發(fā)言,不影響或中斷講話者的思路,有利于聽眾對(duì)發(fā)言全文的通篇理解。
一、在同聲傳譯活動(dòng)中對(duì)譯員的要求
1、同聲傳譯要求譯員有良好的聽覺解意能力。同聲傳譯是一種即聽即譯的活動(dòng),聽入與譯出之間只保持幾秒鐘的時(shí)間距離,譯員在口頭傳譯幾秒鐘前聽到的信息的同時(shí),還必須耳聽及解譯新的信息。因此這種聽覺解意能力非同一般意義的耳聽會(huì)意能力,它指的是一種譯員在有自我干擾的環(huán)境下及時(shí)聽解信息的能力。
但是譯員的聽解并非完全是一種被動(dòng)的行為,譯中可以從大會(huì)的主題、發(fā)言者的立場、發(fā)言論題或論點(diǎn)的背景知識(shí)等示意因素,使自己的聽譯建筑在“上下文”的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)而變被動(dòng)聽譯為主動(dòng)聽譯。
2、同聲傳譯要求譯員具備在聽解的同時(shí)有迅速組織句子進(jìn)行連貫流暢表達(dá)的能力。也許有人會(huì)認(rèn)為,漢語是我們的母語,因此英譯漢的困難在于能否及時(shí)聽懂英語內(nèi)容,不在于如何有漢語來組句和表達(dá)。這完全是對(duì)口譯工作的一種誤解。組句表達(dá),無論是以外語還是以母語進(jìn)行,都是一門學(xué)問,一種才能,尤其是在需要顧及聽的內(nèi)容的情況下。
二、同聲傳譯的一些基本方法和技巧
1、意譯
同聲傳譯即聽即譯的特點(diǎn),迫使譯員不得不“一心二用”,使譯員在翻譯過程中難以做到“形”“意”兩全。此外,譯員在同步傳譯時(shí)迫于時(shí)間壓力,也無法對(duì)目標(biāo)語的表達(dá)形式斟詞酌句一番。在“形”“意”難以兩全的情況下,譯員應(yīng)采用意譯的方法,以簡潔的語言迅速將來源語所包含的概念和命題傳達(dá)給聽眾。
2、順譯
順譯是指一種順著來源語的詞序,按部就班地選擇目標(biāo)語的對(duì)應(yīng)詞進(jìn)行傳譯的方法。這里所講的順譯僅限于順結(jié)構(gòu)、順詞序的傳譯,不包括詞詞對(duì)應(yīng)的順譯。漢語和英語的基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)均為“主—?jiǎng)印e”結(jié)構(gòu),限定詞(如數(shù)詞和所有格代詞)和形容詞一般也都出現(xiàn)在名詞前面,這為英漢順譯或漢英順譯提供了必要的條件。
3、截句
截句是指譯員在同聲傳譯過程中及時(shí)、適時(shí)截?cái)鄟碓凑Z的長句,并按照目標(biāo)語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣,將所聽到的信息分解成短句,或重組成聯(lián)句,然后傳譯過去。
詞語置前
例:中國政府將一如既往地支持聯(lián)合國主持正義、維護(hù)和平、促進(jìn)全球繁榮的行動(dòng)。
The Chinese government will as always support the UN efforts to uphold justice, maintain peace and promote global prosperity.詞語后置或暫存 例:聯(lián)合國維和部隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)該駐扎在那一地區(qū),一直到所有各方簽署了和約為止。我們的這一立場已得到公認(rèn)。
Our position is widely received that the UN peace-keeping force will stay in that region until a peaceful agreement has been signed by all concerned parties.添詞
例:我很高興地向各位通報(bào),中美就知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)問題簽署了一項(xiàng)諒解備忘錄,從而避免了一場可能出現(xiàn)的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。
I feel very pleased to report to you that China and the United States signed a Memorandum of Understanding in terms of protecting intellectual property rights, an act that has averted a potential trade war.減詞
例:中國同其周邊國家的關(guān)系比以往任何時(shí)期都好,這種十分珍貴的睦鄰友好關(guān)系無論對(duì)中國人民還是這些國家的人們來說,都極為有益。
China’s relations with its neighboring countries are better than ever before, a situation that best represents the interests of the Chinese people and the peoples of other countries concerned.重復(fù)
例:多年來,中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)增長發(fā)揮了越來越重要的作用,這種作用在于促進(jìn)了亞太地區(qū)乃至全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康發(fā)展。Over the years, China’s sustained economic growth has played an increasing more important role in boosting the healthy economic development in the Asian-Pacific region and the world as a whole.同聲傳譯的才能不是一種可望而不可及的天賦才能。常言說得好,“工夫不負(fù)有心人”。只要我們細(xì)心鉆研同傳知識(shí)和技巧,積極參與同傳強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練,水到自然渠成。
高級(jí)口譯筆記——商務(wù)談判(Business Negotiation)第一部分 基本詞匯 詢價(jià) make an inquiry 報(bào)價(jià) quotation 報(bào)/發(fā)盤 offer 底盤 floor offer 實(shí)/虛盤 firm/non-firm offer 開/收盤 opening/closing price 現(xiàn)/期貨價(jià) spot/forward price 還盤 counter-offer 回傭 return commission 到岸價(jià) C.I.F.(即Cost, Insurance and Freight)到岸加傭金價(jià) C.I.F.C.(即Cost, Insurance, Freight and Commission)
現(xiàn)貨 spot goods 庫存有限 limited stock 批發(fā)價(jià) wholesale price 零售價(jià) retail price 凈利潤 net profit 定金 down payment 分期付款 payment by installment 現(xiàn)金結(jié)算 cash settlement 信用證結(jié)算 payment by letter of credit(L/C)
股東 shareholder;stockholder 我方 on our part 雙贏戰(zhàn)略 win-win strategy
中止合同 terminate the contract 提出索賠 lodge a claim 要求賠償損失 claim for a compensation of the loss/damage 貿(mào)易索賠 business claim 補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易 compenstion trade
第二部分 詞語擴(kuò)展
商品交易會(huì) Commodities Fair 經(jīng)營范圍 line/scope of business 獨(dú)家經(jīng)銷代理 exclusive selling agency 市場準(zhǔn)入 market access 機(jī)床 machine tools 汽車零部件 auto parts 電子商務(wù) e-commerce;e-business
第三部分 例句
請(qǐng)給我一個(gè)有效期為90天的C.I.F.報(bào)價(jià),目的港為洛杉磯,報(bào)價(jià)含5%的傭金。
I'd like to hear your quotation on a C.I.F.Los Angeles basis valid for 90 days, with an inclusion of 5% angent's commission in your quotation.高級(jí)口譯筆記——禮儀祝詞(Ceremonial Speech)第一部分 基本詞匯
開幕/閉幕式 opening/closing ceremony 開幕詞 opening speech/address 致開幕詞 make an opening speech 友好訪問 goodwill visit
閣下 Your/His/Her Honor/Excellency 貴賓 distinguished guest 尊敬的市長先生 Respected Mr.Mayor 遠(yuǎn)道而來/來自大洋彼岸的朋友 friends coming from a distant land/the other side of the Pacific 東道國 host country
宣布??開幕 declare??open 值此之際 on the occasion of 借此機(jī)會(huì) take this opportunity to 以??名義 in the name of 本著??精神 in the spirit of 代表 on the behalf of
由衷的謝意 heartfelt thanks 友好款待 gracious hospitality 正式邀請(qǐng) officioa invitation 回顧過去 look back on 展望未來 look ahead/look into the future 最后 in closing 圓滿成功 a complete success 提議祝酒 propose a toast
第二部分 詞語擴(kuò)展
一、政治詞匯
亞太地區(qū) Asian-Pacific region 建交 establishment of diplomatic relations between 互訪 exchange of visit 外交政策 foreign policy 一貫奉行 in persistent pursuit of 平等互利 equality and mutual benefit 雙邊關(guān)系 bilateral relations 持久和平lasting peace
二、政治詞匯
貿(mào)易額 trade volume 商業(yè)界 business community 跨國公司 transnational corporation 經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國/經(jīng)濟(jì)大國/經(jīng)濟(jì)列強(qiáng)(視具體情況翻譯)economic power
第三部分 例句
1.我愿借此機(jī)會(huì),代表我們代表團(tuán)的全體成員,對(duì)我們東道主的誠摯邀請(qǐng),表示真誠的謝意。
On the behalf of all the members of my mission, I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation.2.現(xiàn)在,我愉快地宣布第二十二屆萬國郵政聯(lián)盟大會(huì)開幕。
Now, I have the pleasure to declare the 22nd Universal Postal Congress open.3.我很榮幸地代表中國政府和人民向來自聯(lián)合王國的代表團(tuán)表示熱烈的歡迎。
I have the honor to express this warm welcome on behalf of the Chinese Government and people to the delegation from the United Kingdom.4.我謹(jǐn)向各位表示最熱烈的歡迎。
I would like to extend my warmest welocme to all of you.5.我預(yù)祝大會(huì)圓滿成功!
I wish the conference a complete success!
高級(jí)口譯筆記——外事接待(reception)第一部分 基本詞匯 日程安排 schedule 預(yù)訂 reserve
根據(jù)??的要求 upon??request 專程造訪 come all the way
精心安排 a thoughtful arrangement 排憂解難 help out
第二部分 詞語擴(kuò)展
機(jī)場大樓 terminal building 候機(jī)大廳 waiting hall
起飛時(shí)間 departure/take-off time 抵達(dá)時(shí)間 arrival time 海關(guān) the Customs
往返票 round-trip ticket
入境/出境/旅游簽證 entry/exit/tourist visa 免稅商店 duty-free shop 豪華套房 luxury suite
單/雙人房 single/double room
第三部分 例句
1.You must be our long-expected guest,……
2.Excuse me, I haven't had the honor of knowing you.3.I'm glad to have the honor of introducing…… 4.Small world, isn't it? 5.Thank you for coming all the way to our company.6.I hop you'll enjoy your stay here.7.host a receptipn banquet in your honor
高級(jí)口譯筆記——稱謂口譯
一、以“總??”表示的首席長官,可選擇general、chief、head這類詞表示。
總書記 general secretary
總工程師 chief engineer
總會(huì)計(jì)師 chief accountant
總經(jīng)理 general manager
總代理 general agent
總教練 head coach 二、一些行業(yè)的職稱頭銜,直接用“高級(jí)”或“資深”來表示,可用“senior”來稱呼。
高級(jí)記者 senior reporter
高級(jí)講師 senior lecturer
三、“首席”英語常用chief來表達(dá)。
首席執(zhí)行官 chief cxecutive officer(CEO)
首席顧問 chief advisor
首席檢察官 chief inspector
四、還有一些高級(jí)職務(wù)帶“長”字,例如:
參謀長 chief of staff
護(hù)士長 head nurse
秘書長 secretary-general
五、以“副”字的表示副職的行政職務(wù)頭銜,可用vice、deputy表達(dá)。
副總統(tǒng) vice president
副主席 vice chairman
副總理 vice minister
副秘書長 deputy secretary-general
副書記 deputy secretary
副市長 deputy mayor
六、學(xué)術(shù)頭銜的“副”職稱,常用associate表示。
副教授 associate professor
副研究員 associate research fellow
副審判長 associate judge
副主任醫(yī)師 associate doctor
七、學(xué)術(shù)頭銜中的初級(jí)職稱如“助理”,我們可以用assistant來稱呼。
助理教授 assistant professor
助理研究員 assistant research fellow
助理工程師 assistant engineer 八、一般說來,“代理”可譯作acting,例如:
代理市長 acting mayor
代理總理 acting premier
代理主任 acting director
九、常務(wù)”可以用“managing“表示。
常務(wù)理事 managing director
常務(wù)副校長 managing vice president
十、執(zhí)行”可譯作executive
執(zhí)行秘書 executive secretary 執(zhí)行主席 executive chairman
十一、還有很多稱謂的英語表達(dá)方式難以歸類,這就需要我們?nèi)辗e月累,逐步總結(jié)。例如:
辦公室主任 office manager
車間主任 workshop manager
客座教授 visiting professor
村長 village head
稅務(wù)員 tax collector
股票交易員 stock dealer
十二、最后是我們國家特有的一些榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)的口譯。
勞動(dòng)模范 model worker
優(yōu)秀員工 ortstanding employee
標(biāo)兵 pacemaker
三好學(xué)生 ”triple-A" outstanding student;outstanding student
第五篇:英語常用詞匯及短語
都是練習(xí)題和真題里反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的高頻詞,好好背下來啦—— in advance 事先;提前 on purpose 故意
adjust to(使)適應(yīng)于,把...調(diào)節(jié)到 apply for 申請(qǐng),請(qǐng)求
assign to 指派,選派 attempt at 企圖,努力
attribute to 把...歸因于,歸咎于 belong to屬于
benefit from 受益,獲益 burst out + V-ing 爆發(fā),突然發(fā)作 catch up with 趕上
combine with 結(jié)合,聯(lián)合,化合
concentrate on 集中,專心 cope with 對(duì)付,應(yīng)付 count on 倚靠,指望
deal with 處理,論述,涉及
dedicate to 奉獻(xiàn),把...用在 depend on/upon 依靠,信賴,取決于 differ from 不同
engage in 使從事于,使忙于
equip with 裝備,配備
exchange for 交換,調(diào)換,兌換
figure out 計(jì)算出;領(lǐng)會(huì)到 find out 查明,發(fā)現(xiàn)
focus on(使)聚焦,(使)集中 hear of/about 聽到
hear from 收到...的(來信)can/could not help +V-ing 禁不住,忍不住 hinder from 阻止,妨礙 involve in 卷入,陷入;牽涉,包含
leave behind 留下,忘記帶 major in 主修,專攻
object to 反對(duì),不贊成 persist in 堅(jiān)持不懈,執(zhí)意;持續(xù)
plunge into 縱身投入,跳入;猛沖; point out 指出
remind sb.of sth.使想起 remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事
resort to 求助;訴諸于,采取,憑借 respond to 響應(yīng),回答 result in 導(dǎo)致,結(jié)果是 select from 挑選,選擇
separate from(使)分離;(使)分開 settle down 定居;解決,調(diào)停
share with 分與,分派,分配,分享,共用 specialize in 擅長于,專門研究,專攻 suffer from 忍受,遭受;使痛苦,患??; switch off 切斷,(用開關(guān))關(guān)掉 switch on 接通,(用開關(guān))開起 affect v.影響,傳染,感動(dòng) effort n.努力 effect n.結(jié)果,影響
effective adj.有效的;卓有成效 apply v.申請(qǐng)
application n.申請(qǐng)書 applicant n.申請(qǐng)人 aware adj.意識(shí)到的,知道的
unaware adj.沒有意識(shí)到的(反義詞)appreciate v.欣賞,感謝,正確評(píng)價(jià) appreciation n.欣賞,感謝
benefit n.益處,好處 v.有益于,受益 campus n.(大學(xué))校園
candidate n.候選人,報(bào)考者,申請(qǐng)者 capable adj.有能力的,能干的 career n.職業(yè),生涯,經(jīng)歷 case n.案例,情況,事實(shí),病例
challenge n.挑戰(zhàn),艱巨任務(wù) v.挑戰(zhàn),要求試 common adj.共同的 character n.性格
chase v./n.追逐,追求,尋覓 contract v.收縮,縮小 n.合同,契約 cheat v./n.欺騙,作弊,騙子,欺騙行為 check v./n.檢查,核對(duì) n.支票 circumstance n.情況,形勢,境遇 complain v.抱怨,申訴 complaint n.抱怨,申訴,疾病
compete v.競爭,比賽 competition n.比賽,競爭
competitive adj.競爭激烈的;充滿競爭的
convenient adj.方便的,舒適的 convenience n.便利,方便,公共廁所
create v.創(chuàng)造,產(chǎn)生 credit n.信貸,信任 v.信任
crisis n.危機(jī),決定性時(shí)刻,轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)(pl.crises)critical adj.決定性的,批判的,危急的 criticize/-ise v.批評(píng),評(píng)論,指責(zé) cultivate v.栽培,培養(yǎng),耕作 culture n.文化,教養(yǎng) curiosity n.好奇心 custom n.習(xí)慣,風(fēng)俗 customer n.顧客
direction n.方向,方位 disappear v.不見,消失 disaster n.災(zāi)難,大禍 discourage v.使氣餒,阻礙 emotion n.情感,激情,情緒
emphasis v./n.強(qiáng)調(diào),重點(diǎn)
encourage v.鼓勵(lì),激勵(lì)
enforce v.實(shí)施,生效,強(qiáng)迫,執(zhí)行,加強(qiáng) enlarge v.擴(kuò)大,擴(kuò)展,詳述 ensure v.保證,擔(dān)保,確定 enable v.是能夠,使有能力 enrich v.使豐富 強(qiáng)烈建議:
備考期間,這些詞組,不是你應(yīng)該會(huì)背的,而是應(yīng)該熟練應(yīng)用的,so take some time and try to use them!be absent from...缺席,不在 be absorbed in全神貫注于……近: be lost in; be concentrated on; be focused on
take...into account(=consideration)把……考慮進(jìn)去 ahead of time提前
confess to a crime承認(rèn)罪行 have confidence in對(duì)……有信心 be confident of有信心 confidential機(jī)密的take...into consideration(=take...into account)考慮到,把……考慮進(jìn)去 considerate(=thoughtful of the needs)體貼的,考慮他人需要的,considerable相當(dāng)大的,值得考慮的contrast...with...把……與……相對(duì)(對(duì)照)in contrast to/with和……形成對(duì)比 by contrast對(duì)比之下
take sth.under control(被)控制住 out of control無法控制
be convenient to/for對(duì)……方便
cope with(=deal with,try to find a solution to)應(yīng)付,處理 at all costs不惜任何代價(jià) at the cost of以……為代價(jià)
emerge from(=appear,become known)出現(xiàn),暴露(問題,意見等)end up with以……而結(jié)束
engage in或be engaged in忙于,從事 be equipped with裝備有,裝有
except(=but)除了
except for(=apart from)除……以外 be good for對(duì)……有好處;對(duì)……有作用
be good at擅長于; be good to對(duì)……好
take...for granted(=assume to be true)把……認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然的 be in the habit of習(xí)慣于
get(fall)into the habit of養(yǎng)成了……的習(xí)慣 live from hand to mouth勉強(qiáng)度日,現(xiàn)掙現(xiàn)吃 at heart(=in reality)內(nèi)心里,實(shí)際上 in one's heart(of hearts)內(nèi)心深處,事實(shí)上 by heart(=by memory)熟記,背(誦)with all one's heart全心全意地,真心實(shí)意
be ignorant of(=lacking knowledge)對(duì)……不了解,不知道 make(leave)an impression on sb.=give sb.an impression給……留下印象 make the most(use)of充分利用 gift talent by nature天生的,生來 in nature本質(zhì)上 natural
name after用……的名字命名 none other than不是別人,正是…… nothing but只有,不過……而已
it occurs to sb.that...某人想到……
all at once(=suddenly,now)立即,馬上 once in a while(=occasionally)偶爾 in order井井有條,處于良好狀態(tài);
out of order(=in bad condition)出毛病,發(fā)生故障
participate in(=take part in)參加 be patient with對(duì)……耐心
perform on the piano(=play the piano)演奏鋼琴 persist in堅(jiān)持,固執(zhí)
in person親自,當(dāng)面
come to the point談主要問題
there is no point in doing sth.沒必要做某事 point at(=indicate,direct attention)指著 point out(=indicate,show)指出,指明 popular with/among大眾所喜愛的,擁戴
resort to訴諸于……,求助于……
resort to force訴諸于武力
respond to對(duì)……反應(yīng),響應(yīng),對(duì)(藥)有效 in response to(=as an answer to)回答,反應(yīng)
be responsible for對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé),是造成……原因 result in(=cause)導(dǎo)致 with the result that其結(jié)果是 in return(for)作為報(bào)答;以報(bào)答(for)get rid of擺脫,去掉,除去 be in the right正確的;
in the wrong錯(cuò)誤的
give rise to(=lead to)引起,導(dǎo)致
at the risk of(=with danger of)冒……的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
for the sake of(=for the good or advantage of)為了……起見 be satisfied with滿意 on a large scale大規(guī)模地
on schedule 按時(shí),準(zhǔn)時(shí)
ahead of schedule提前;in advance預(yù)先; behind schedule落后于計(jì)劃進(jìn)度,晚于規(guī)定時(shí)間
in search of尋找;
in honor of為了表示對(duì)……敬意; in memory of為了紀(jì)念……; in pursuit of追求……;
on behalf of代表……的利益; in favor of贊成……; in season 旺季
in secret秘密地; in private私下
share sth.with與……分享,分擔(dān),分?jǐn)?,共?be sorry about/for懊悔的,后悔的,難過的 specialize in專門研究,專攻 in spite of(=despite)盡管
stick to粘著,堅(jiān)持
stick to one's friend忠于朋友
stick at(=continue to work hard at)繼續(xù)勤奮地致力于……; stick at one's books勤奮讀書
be strict with對(duì)……嚴(yán)格要求 be/go on strike罷工
suffer from患……?。皇堋嗤?be suitable for(=fit)適合……的 be surprised at對(duì)……驚奇; take...by surprise使……驚奇; to one's surprise使某人驚奇 in good taste大方,得體;(反意)in bad taste小家子氣
in terms of(=with regard to;respectively)按照,根據(jù),在……方面 think of(=have the idea of)想到;(=consider)考慮;(=remember)想起 on second thoughts經(jīng)再三考慮之后 at the thought of一想到……
for the time being(=temporarily)暫時(shí) in time(for)及時(shí) on time準(zhǔn)時(shí) at no time無論何時(shí)也不…… in on time(=very quickly)立即,馬上 at times(=occasionally)間或,時(shí)常
at all times(=always)始終,總是 be in use(=be used)被使用;
be out of use(=be on longer used)不再被使用
be used to+V-ing習(xí)慣于 used to+動(dòng)詞原形(過去常常做)
in vain(=uselessly)徒勞
be in the way(=obstructive)礙事,阻礙 by way of(=by going through)經(jīng)由,取道 by the way(=in addition)順帶地(轉(zhuǎn)移話題)in no way無論怎樣也不…… in a way從某種程度上說
against one's will違心地,違背意愿地 in a word總之; in other words換言之; have a word with sb.談一談; have words with sb.爭吵; hav the last word有決定權(quán)