第一篇：數(shù)控技術(shù)論文中英文摘要

摘要

Abstract

數(shù)控技術(shù)是用數(shù)字信息對機械運動和工作過程進行控制的技術(shù), 是現(xiàn)代化工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的一門發(fā)展十分迅速的高新技術(shù)。數(shù)控裝備是以數(shù)控技術(shù)為代表的新技術(shù), 應(yīng)用于傳統(tǒng)制造產(chǎn)業(yè)和新型制造業(yè)形成的機電一體化產(chǎn)業(yè), 即所謂的數(shù)字化裝備。本文簡要分析了數(shù)控機床高速化、高精度化、可靠性、工藝復(fù)合性和多軸化等發(fā)展趨勢，并提出了我國數(shù)控機床發(fā)展中存在的一些問題。

Numerical control technology is the technology controlled to mechanical movement and work process with digital information.It’s a very rapidly developing technology in modern industrial production.Numerical control equipment is the new technology represented by numerical control technology forms to the manufacture industry of the tradition and infiltration of the new developing manufacturing industry, namely the so-called digital equipment.This paper analyzes the development trend of numerical control machine tools of high-speed, high-accuracy, reliability, process complex and multi-axis, and presents some of the problems existing in the development of China’s numerical control machine tools.關(guān)鍵詞：精度材料市場競爭力

Keywords: accuracymaterialmarketcompetitive

I

第二篇：論文中英文摘要

論文中英文摘要

作者姓名：毛建猛

論文題目：Pushover分析方法的改進研究

作者簡介：毛建猛，男，1983年10月出生，2005年8月師從于中國地震局工程力學研究所謝禮立教授，于2008年8月獲博士學位。

中文摘要

如何選擇合適的工程結(jié)構(gòu)抗震分析和設(shè)計方法一直是地震工程領(lǐng)域引人關(guān)注的重要問題。隨著基于性態(tài)抗震設(shè)計思想的提出和發(fā)展，作為一種簡化的實現(xiàn)性態(tài)設(shè)計分析的方法，Pushover方法引起了廣大學者和工程人員的興趣，并得到了廣泛的研究。本文針對以往Pushover方法的研究中存在的缺點和不足，對Pushover方法進行了改進，主要包括對模態(tài)Pushover方法的改進、對鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)Pushover位移反應(yīng)的修正、Pushover荷載模式與結(jié)構(gòu)性態(tài)指標相關(guān)性的探討、基于模態(tài)Pushover分析方法確定結(jié)構(gòu)滯回耗能計算四個方面的問題。本論文主要研究內(nèi)容和成果包括以下幾個方面：

1.模態(tài)Pushover分析方法的一個重要假定是，結(jié)構(gòu)在強震作用下進入非線性狀態(tài)時，作用于結(jié)構(gòu)的Pushover荷載模式保持不變；可是眾所周知，結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生屈服后，結(jié)構(gòu)的動力特性會發(fā)生改變，結(jié)構(gòu)遭受的地震荷載也會發(fā)生變化，因此各階振型采用固定不變荷載模式的模態(tài)Pushover方法存在不足。本文提出將結(jié)構(gòu)的第一振型荷載模式改進為兩階段加載模式，高階振型荷載模式保持固定不變，對結(jié)構(gòu)進行改進的模態(tài)Pushover分析。

2.建議了一種計算鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)動力彈塑性位移反應(yīng)的簡便方法。通過對5個不同高度的鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)在四類場地上80條地震動作用下的動力和靜力彈塑性位移反應(yīng)進行統(tǒng)計分析，給出了結(jié)構(gòu)由靜力彈塑性方法得到的目標位移估計動力時程方法得到的目標位移的修正公式。結(jié)果表明：場地條件對鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)靜力彈塑性位移反應(yīng)和動力時程位移反應(yīng)之間的關(guān)系影響顯著；對于II類和III類場地，可以直接采用結(jié)構(gòu)的靜力彈塑性方法計算結(jié)果替代動力時程計算結(jié)果；對于I類場地和IV類場地，須采用修正公式對結(jié)構(gòu)的靜力彈塑性結(jié)果進行修正。

3.通過對4個不同高度的鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)，分別進行了中等硬度場地上15條地震動作用下的非線性動力時程分析和不同荷載模式下的靜力彈塑性分析，求解了結(jié)構(gòu)的幾個重要反應(yīng)指標，包括能力曲線、頂端位移角及層間位移角、以及塑性鉸分布，探討了不同荷載模式對鋼筋混凝土低層和高層結(jié)構(gòu)反應(yīng)指標的影響程度，建議了適用于鋼筋混凝土低層和高層結(jié)構(gòu)的Pushover荷載模式。

4.提出基于模態(tài)Pushover分析的結(jié)構(gòu)滯回耗能計算方法。首先采用模態(tài)

Pushover分析計算結(jié)構(gòu)各階模態(tài)單自由度體系的特征參數(shù)，然后計算結(jié)構(gòu)各階模態(tài)單自由度體系對應(yīng)的滯回耗能，并將其進行線性組合進而確定結(jié)構(gòu)的滯回耗能，并與結(jié)構(gòu)通過動力時程分析計算得到的滯回耗能進行比較，從而給出一種物理概念簡單、計算操作方便的確定結(jié)構(gòu)滯回耗能的方法。另外，為了便于計算結(jié)構(gòu)各階模態(tài)單自由度體系的滯回耗能，本文選取了國內(nèi)外四類場地土上總計320條強震記錄作為地震記錄數(shù)據(jù)庫，在統(tǒng)計分析的基礎(chǔ)上，給出了對應(yīng)于不同場地土和不同烈度區(qū)的單自由度體系等強度滯回耗能設(shè)計譜。

關(guān)鍵詞：Pushover方法；能力譜方法；模態(tài)Pushover分析；水

平荷載模式；滯回耗能

Improvements on Pushover Analysis Procedure

Mao Jianmeng

ABSTRACT

How to select the adequate procedure for seismic analysis and design of structures is an essential problem in earthquake engineering field.With the development of Performance-based Seismic Design, Pushover Analysis procedure has attracted many scientists’ and engineers’ attentions and been widely used for its conceptual simplicity and computational attractiveness.To overcome the limitation of Pushover Analysis procedure, some improvements on this procedure were performed in this paper, including the improvement on Modal Pushover Analysis, the revision of target displacement from the pushover analysis for reinforced concrete frame, the correlation of structural response parameters with different lateral load patterns, and the computation of the structural hysteretic energy based on Modal Pushover Analysis etc.The main contents of this dissertation are as follows.1.There is an important assumption that the pushover load patterns keep unchanged even after the structure yields in Modal Pushover Analysis procedure.Recognized the adoption of invariable lateral force distributions in the Modal Pushover Analysis procedure, an improved modal pushover analysis procedure is presented in this paper to estimate the seismic demands of structures, considering the redistribution of inertia forces.It is suggested that after establishing the idealized bilinear curve, a pushover analysis is once again conducted for the first mode in two phases: before and after the structure yields.For the two phases, the structural elastic natural mode and the floor displacement vector at the initial yielding point are used as the displacement shape vector, respectively.2.The approximately estimating method of displacement of reinforced concrete(RC)frame from static pushover analysis(POA)is developed with that from non-linear response history analysis(RHA).Based on the statistic analyses of the RHA and POA results for five RC frames with different height under 80 ground motions recorded at four site conditions, the revised formula of displacements from POA is presented from RHA.The results show that the site soil condition has an important effect on the relation between RHA and POA response results.And the POA results for I and IV site condition should be revised with the formula given in this study while the POA results for II and III site condition can be approximately considered as same to the RHA results.3.The RHA under 15 ground motions recorded on the medium site condition and POA with different lateral load patterns are performed for four RC structures with different height.Several important response quantities are obtained from the RHA and POA, including capacity curves, top displacement ratios and story drift ratios, and location of plastic hinges.The influence of different load patterns on the structural performance demands is discussed for the low-and the high-wise structures.And the rational load patterns for the low-and the high-wise structures are also suggested.4.A simple procedure is presented in this paper for estimating hysteretic energy demands of MDOF systems based on the modal pushover analysis(MPA).Firstly, the characteristic parameters of the modal SDOF systems of structures are computed, and the hysteretic energy is calculated for the modal SDOF systems, then the hysteretic energy demand of structures is obtained by combining these modal demands.In addition, with statistic results of nonlinear analysis of SDOF for 320 ground motions recorded at four site conditions, the equal-strength hysteretic energy design spectra are presented for different site condition and intensity regions.Key words: pushover analysis procedure, capacity spectrum method, the

modal pushover analysis, lateral load patterns, hysteretic

energy

第三篇：論文-中英文摘要

摘要

隨著信息時代的到來，信息高速公路的興起，全球信息化進入了一個新的發(fā)展時期。人們越來越認識到計算機強大的信息模塊處理功能，使之成為信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)和支柱。

車輛管理系統(tǒng)用計算機管理機動車輛的檔案，運營管理以及駕駛員信息的一種計算機應(yīng)用技術(shù)的創(chuàng)新，在計算機還未普及之前車輛管理都是由工作人員手工抄寫的方式來操作的?，F(xiàn)在一般的車輛管理都是采用計算機作為工具的實用的計算機智能化車輛管理程序來幫助工作人員進行更有效的機動車輛管理。車輛管理系統(tǒng)是典型的信息管理系統(tǒng)(MIS)，其開發(fā)主要包括后臺數(shù)據(jù)庫的建立和維護以及前端應(yīng)用程序的開發(fā)兩個方面。對于前者要求建立起數(shù)據(jù)一致性和完整性強、數(shù)據(jù)安全性好的庫。而對于后者則要求應(yīng)用程序功能完備，易使用等特點。經(jīng)過分析，我們使用 MICROSOFT公司的 VISUAL BASIC開發(fā)工具,利用其提供的各種面向?qū)ο蟮拈_發(fā)工具，尤其是數(shù)據(jù)窗口這一能方便而簡潔操縱數(shù)據(jù)庫的智能化對象，首先在短時間內(nèi)建立系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用原型，然后，對初始原型系統(tǒng)進行需求迭代，不斷修正和改進，直到形成用戶滿意的可行車輛管理系統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)。

關(guān)鍵字: 車輛管理系統(tǒng);數(shù)據(jù)庫;信息管理系統(tǒng);智能化

Abstract

Along with the rise, world information that coming of information ages, information superhighway entered a new development period.People more and more know the mighty information of calculator to handle the function, and make the foundation that it become information industry with pillar.Vehicle Management System Computer used motor vehicles archives management, operation and management of a driver information computer applications innovation, Management has not yet popular in the computer before the vehicles are from the staff manual transcription to operate.Now the general management of the vehicles are used as a tool for computer computer intelligent vehicle management procedures to help staff more effective management of motor vehicles.Vehicle management system is a typical management information system(MIS), including its main development background to the establishment and maintenance of the database and front-end application development two.The request for the establishment of strong data consistency and integrity, good for the security of the data.For the latter request applications functions, such as easy to use features.After analysis, we use Microsoft visual basic development tool companies, the use of its various object-oriented development tools, especially data that can be easily accessible and concise window manipulation database intelligent objects, the first prototype application system in a short time and then, computation of the initial prototype system needs to constantly revise and improve until the formation of a viable system of user satisfaction.keywords :Vehicle management system;database;information management system;intelligentize

第四篇：論文中英文摘要格式

附件6

校優(yōu)博、優(yōu)碩學位論文中英文摘要格式 作者姓名：張三（宋體 四號）

論文題目：xxxxxxxxxxxx的研究（宋體 四號）

作者簡介：：張三，男，xxxx年xx月出生，xxxx年xx月師從于xx大學xxx教授，于xxxx年xx月獲博士學位。

中文摘要

在XXXXXXXXX技術(shù)中，具有較強XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX.其研制和開發(fā)有了長足的進展。???????

（正文：宋體 小四，博士約三千字，碩士約2千字）

關(guān)鍵詞：（宋體 四號）

Study on the …(英文題目 字號：“Times New Roman” 三號)

Zhang San(姓名拼音 字號：“Times New Roman” 四號)

ABSTRACT

The only high temperature superconductorxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx..This is sufficient for ………….…

（正文字號：“Times New Roman” 小四，約三千字）

Key borad:(字號：“Times New Roman” 四號)

第五篇：電子商務(wù)論文中英文摘要

內(nèi)容摘要

隨著INTERNET的迅速發(fā)展，人類正經(jīng)歷一場重大的技術(shù)變革，即電子商務(wù)的變革。電子商務(wù)源于電子數(shù)據(jù)交換，網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展為電子商務(wù)注入了勃勃生機。由信息技術(shù)引發(fā)的電子商務(wù)雖然還處于發(fā)展階段，但它一經(jīng)進入國際貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域，就對傳統(tǒng)的貿(mào)易方式產(chǎn)生了巨大的沖擊。傳統(tǒng)的貿(mào)易活動每一筆交易涉及的主體一般包括買賣雙方、銀行、運輸、海關(guān)、稅務(wù)、商檢等眾多部門，業(yè)務(wù)流程十分繁雜，效率低下，越來越不適應(yīng)當今國際貿(mào)易業(yè)務(wù)快速發(fā)展的需要，電子商務(wù)則可以通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)將交易各方連成一體，把其中部分或本文所提及的電子商務(wù)主要指國際電子商務(wù)，文章首先闡述了電子商務(wù)與國際貿(mào)易的關(guān)系，包括電子商務(wù)的經(jīng)濟特征及在國際貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域中的功能和優(yōu)勢。接下來是文章的主體部分——介紹電子商務(wù)對國際貿(mào)易的影響。分別從國際貿(mào)易理論和國際貿(mào)易現(xiàn)實兩方面予電子商務(wù)是一個龐大的命題，而本文力求闡述清楚的核心問題是：在電子商務(wù)環(huán)境中，國際貿(mào)易理論有哪些新發(fā)展，國際貿(mào)易活動有哪些新變化，以及如何對這些新問題進行解釋和說明。然而由于電子商務(wù)是一種迅速發(fā)展的嶄新的經(jīng)濟形態(tài)，人們對它的認識是一個不斷深化的過程，也由于本人知識所限，所以本文更多地是從理論層面闡述電子商務(wù)與國際貿(mào)易之間的關(guān)系，以期為他人提供一些可供爭辯和討論的問題全部業(yè)務(wù)處理過程轉(zhuǎn)移到網(wǎng)上，從而極大降低企業(yè)成本，提高企業(yè)效率。

關(guān)鍵詞：電子商務(wù) 國際貿(mào)易理論 國際貿(mào)易現(xiàn)實 影響

Abstract

With the rapid development of Internet，the society is facing a great technical change，which is the change of E-commerce.As a fully new economy mode，E-commerce has shown the powerful strength and it takes on competitive situations in the whole world.EC came from EDI.The development of IT facilitated the

development of EC.The increasing development of IT has the international trade process is low efficient，long term and slow responsive.E-commerce could connect all the participants on the Internet，transfer part of the international process to the E-commerce which mentioned in this article is International E-commerce.In this article , the author firstly expounds the relations of E-commerce and international trade, including the economic feather of EC and its functions and advantages in international trade.And the following part is the main part of the article, which

introduces the influence of EC to international trade, respectively from international trade theories and process.E-commerce economy is a large research project, and the core question of the article is，on the condition of e-commerce economy，what new development do international trade theory and police have proceeded? And how can we get explanations to all these questions? We all know understand its

characteristics.What's more，because of author’s knowledge is limited，the research is fundamental.In this article，author provides a possible way for further research on the E-commerce economy and some questions for discussion.a large influence on the international trade.The typical international trade activity usually that E-commerce economy is a developing and changing economy, we have a long way to Internet，which decline the cost of trade companies and improve efficiency.Keywords: E-commerce;international trade theory;international trade reality;influence