第一篇：21世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語第四冊一到四單元B篇單詞縮略版

21世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語1—4單元B篇單詞縮略版

Unit 1

Ambivalent有矛盾感情的 Eloquent有說服力的 Simplifier簡單明了者 toil苦工 war-weary厭戰(zhàn)的 straightforward誠實坦率的 polio小兒麻痹癥 cerebral大腦的理智型的 project生動的表現(xiàn) chumsiness笨拙 philosopher哲學(xué)家 purposeful堅定有決心的 hearty衷心的縱情的 belly肚子 affability慈祥 convey表達(dá) attainable可達(dá)到的 dignify使有尊嚴(yán) dignity尊貴 rhetoric修辭學(xué) pearl harbor珍珠港 rally重新集合 humiliate蒙恥 scandal丑聞 stir激勵 console安慰慰問 stubborn頑強(qiáng)的固執(zhí)的 divine上帝的 madness瘋狂 coherent易懂的清楚地 analysis分析

Unit2

Drama戲劇 erroneous錯誤的 effortlessly不費力的 virtue美德 distinction對比 presume假定 genuinely真正的 irreconcilable不可調(diào)和的 reconcile使和解 etiquette禮儀 antipathy反感 accordance和諧 ethical道德的 fiction謊言小說 convention慣例 obligatory強(qiáng)制性的 convenience慣例 unavailable不可會見的 intrude入侵打擾 correspondent記者 blunt鈍的直率的 literalness由衷之言 indignant義憤的 alternative供選擇的東西 literal如實的standardization標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 chaotic混亂的 tinterpret解釋 naked裸露的 mores民德 acquaint使了解 frail虛弱的 intentionally故意的horrid可怕的 violation侵犯違反 absolve解除 resort憑借 tacitly心照不宣的 adaptation適應(yīng) atomic原子的 improvise即興創(chuàng)作

Unit3

Cunning 狡猾的 pebble卵石 reluctant勉強(qiáng)的 stoop彎腰 fright驚嚇 logical analysis邏輯分析 advantageous有利的 recommend建議 strive奮力 incomparable無與倫比的 squarely成方形 illustrate插圖說明 scatter撒 loosely松散地 emerge出現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生

Unit4

Upgrade提高改善 superintendent監(jiān)管人 ivory象牙 supposedly據(jù)認(rèn)為 legitimately合法的正當(dāng)?shù)?sabotage破壞 podium講臺 officially正式的 blizzard暴風(fēng)雪 hurricane颶風(fēng) howl吼叫 monolog獨白 diagram圖表 molecule分子 enumerate列舉 clause條款分句 oblivious健忘的 stifle扼殺使窒息哈欠 dispense分發(fā) formality禮節(jié)俗套 fledgling無經(jīng)驗的 impersonality沒人情味 precise恰好的 hasty急速的 contagion接觸傳染 morality道德 intervene干預(yù) democratic民主的 guise偽裝 dictator獨裁者 approval贊成嘉許 guarantee保證 imparter傳授者 syllabus教學(xué)大綱 interpersonal人際的 dynamics活力 digression題外話 marital婚姻的 informality不拘禮節(jié)imagination富于想象力的 exposure暴露接觸

第二篇：新視野大學(xué)英語第四冊unit5單詞翻譯總結(jié)

英語Unit 5 總結(jié)

Word and Phrase solitary a.tending to spend a lot of time alone 獨自的；喜歡獨處的 e.g.A solitary tree remained standing after the hurricane.颶風(fēng)過后，惟有一棵樹孤獨地挺立在那兒。

tame vt.make sb.or sth.easy to control 馴服；控制

e.g.Atomic energy has been tamed and harnessed for useful work.原子能已被控制并得到實際應(yīng)用。

a.(esp.of animals)not afraid of people, and used to living with them（尤指動物）溫順的，馴化的

e.g.The birds in the park are quite tame and will take food from your hand.公園的鳥很溫順，它們會吃你親手喂給它們的食物。

pond

n.[C] a small still body of water formed naturally or created artificially 池塘

She has a pond at the bottom of her garden.她在花園深處有個池塘。inspiration n.[C, U] a sudden good idea about what to do or say 靈感

e.g.Wordsworth found(his)inspiration in the Lake District.華茲華斯從湖區(qū)獲得靈感。solitude n.[U] the situation of being alone 獨居，孤獨

e.g.People need a chance to reflect on spiritual matters in solitude.人們需要獨處的機(jī)會來反思精神上的事情。

commodity n.1.[C] sth.that is useful or necessary 有用的東西；必需品

e.g.If you're going into teaching, energy is a necessary commodity.如果你打算從事教學(xué)，精力充沛是個必要的素質(zhì)。

2.[C] a substance or product that can be bought or sold 商品，貨物

e.g.The country's most valuable commodities include tin and diamonds.這國家最有價值的商品包括錫和鉆石。

sunlight n.[U] the light that comes from the sun 陽光，日光

e.g.The early morning sunlight shone through the curtains.清晨的陽光透過窗簾照了進(jìn)來。benign n.[C] a soft bag to make a seat more comfortable 坐墊；墊子 e.g.She has a benign nature.她天性溫和。

cushion n.[C] a soft bag to make a seat more comfortable 坐墊；墊子

e.g.She bought more fabric in the same design so she could make matching curtains and cushions.她買了更多同樣圖案的布，這樣可以做搭配的窗簾和靠墊。creep vi.move slowly and quietly 潛行；躡手躡腳地移動

e.g.She turned off the light and crept through the door.她關(guān)了燈，躡手躡腳地走過了門。poetry n.[U] poems in general 詩，詩歌

e.g.She has just published a collection of poetry.她剛出版了一本詩集。dictate v.1.say sth.for sb.else to write down 口授；口述

e.g.She spent the morning dictating letters to her secretary.她花了一上午向她的秘書口述信件。

2.tell sb.exactly what to do or how to behave 命令；指使

e.g.The media cannot be allowed to dictate to the government.不能容認(rèn)媒體向政府發(fā)號施令。kettle n.[C] a container with a lid, handle and a spout used for boiling water 水壺 priest n.1.[C](high ~)a person who is famous for being the best at sth.代表人物 e.g.He is regarded as the high priest of modern jazz.他被視為現(xiàn)代爵士音樂的泰斗。

2.[C] 神父；牧師

e.g.The old priest tried to put them off, saying that the hour was late.那位老牧師試圖把他們搪塞過去，說時候不早了。

reliance n.[C] [U] the state of depending on a particular person or thing 依靠，依賴 e.g.The region's reliance on tourism is unwise.這個地區(qū)對旅游業(yè)的依賴是不明智的。

self-reliance n.[U] the state of doing or deciding things by oneself rather than depending on others 自立；自力更生

e.g.The Prime Minister called for more economic self-reliance.首相號召更大程度上的經(jīng)濟(jì)自力更生。

hut n.[C] a small, simple building 小屋

e.g.The workmen put up a hut where they could have their food.工人們搭了一間小屋，可以在里面吃飯。

axe n.(AmE ax)[C] a tool with a handle and a metal blade used for cutting down trees or cutting wood into pieces 斧子

e.g.He used an axe to chop the old apple tree down.他用斧子砍倒了老蘋果樹。saucer n.[C] a small curved plate on which one puts a cup 茶托，茶碟

e.g.John put his cup and saucer on the coffee table.約翰把帶茶托的茶杯放在咖啡桌上。laundry n.1.[U] the clothes and sheets which need to be or have just been washed 待洗或剛洗好的衣物

e.g.When shall we do the laundry? 我們什么時候洗衣服？

2.[C] a place where clothes, sheets, etc.are washed 洗衣店 e.g.He worked in a laundry in the small town.他在這小城的一家洗衣店干活。companionable a.friendly and pleasant to be with 友善的，友好的

e.g.He seldom spoke, but he was never impatient with her, always kind, a companionable father figure.他很少說話，可是他從來沒有對她不耐煩過，總是很善良，是一個友善的父親型的人。

ego n.1.[C] the part of the mind that is responsible for your sense of who you are 自我 e.g.Unconditional surrender was more than his fragile ego could bear.無條件投降不是他脆弱的自我所能承受得了的。

2.[C] your sense of your own value and importance 自我價值感

e.g.That man has got such an enormous ego—I've never known anyone so full of himself.那個人非常自負(fù)，我從來沒有見過那么以自我為中心的人。

humble a.1.having a modest opinion of oneself 謙遜的，謙虛的

e.g.Many famous people are surprisingly humble.許多名人出人意料地謙虛。

2.having a low social class or position 地位或身份低下的 e.g.I do quite a humble job at the hospital.我在醫(yī)院從事很普通的工作。

inadequate a.not enough or not good enough for a particular purpose 不充分的；不足的 e.g.The system is inadequate for the tasks it has to perform.這個系統(tǒng)要完成它的任務(wù)還不夠完善。

plural a.of a word or form which expresses more than one 復(fù)數(shù)的

e.g.Most plural nouns in English end in “s”.英語中大多數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞以“s”結(jié)尾。

n.[C] a word or form that shows you are talking about more than one thing, person, etc.復(fù)數(shù)（形式）

e.g.“Data” is the Latin plural form of “datum”.“Data”是拉丁語中“datum”的復(fù)數(shù)形式。

apology n.[C] a word or statement to say you are sorry for having done sth.wrong or for upsetting sb.道歉

e.g.I made no apology for what I said—it was a fair comment.我不打算為自己說的話道歉──我的評論是公正的。

soak vi.spend a long time taking a bath 長時間泡浴 e.g.Soak in a warm bath to relax.泡個熱水澡放松。

v.make sth.very wet or become very wet 使?jié)裢?；浸?/p>

e.g.A sudden shower of rain soaked the spectators.突如其來的一陣雨把觀眾淋了個透。pint n.[C] 品脫（液量單位）

e.g.The military requested 6,000 pints of blood from the American Red Cross.部隊向美國紅十字會要求6000品脫血。

waterproof a.not allowing water to go through 防水的，不透水的

e.g.You'll need something waterproof on top of that sweater if you're going walking in the hills.如果你要在山間行走的話，你需要在那件毛衣外面套件防水的衣服。

slippery a.difficult to hold or to stand on, drive on, etc.because it is smooth, wet or polished 滑的

e.g.The roads are slippery after rain.雨后道路很滑。

observation n.1.[C] a spoken or written remark about sth.you have noticed 評論

e.g I wish to make a few general observations about your work so far.對你們到目前為止的工作我想說一說總的看法。

2.[C, U] the process of watching sb.or sth.carefully for a period of time 觀察；注意 e.g.During our observation of the rats, we made several new discoveries.我們在對老鼠的觀察中有了幾項新發(fā)現(xiàn)。

choke v.1.become unable to speak because of a strong emotion 說不出話來

e.g.The surprise farewell party left them all choked up.這一意外的告別聚會令他們激動得說不出話來。

2.be unable to breathe properly, or be made unable to breathe properly（使）窒息；（使）呼吸困難

e.g.The smoke almost choked the fireman.消防隊員幾乎被煙熏得透不過氣來。

parcel n.[C] an object or collection of objects wrapped in paper, etc.so that they can be sent by post 包裹

e.g.Because it was her birthday she got several parcels and lots of cards.因為過生日，她收到幾個包裹和好多賀卡。parrot n.[C] 鸚鵡

e.g.If you have not kept a pet parrot before, it would be wise to purchase a handbook on the subject.如果你以前沒養(yǎng)過寵物鸚鵡，最好買一本關(guān)于這方面主題的小冊子。sportsman n.[C] sb.who plays sport, esp.one who is good at it 運動員

e.g.He'll be remembered as a true sportsman.人們將把他作為一名真正的運動員牢記在心中。skate vi.move, dance, etc.on skates 溜冰，滑冰

e.g.The ice on the river is thick enough to skate on.河上的冰足夠厚，可以在上面滑冰。skater n.[C] a person who skates 溜冰者，滑冰者

e.g.There are lots of skaters in the park today.今天公園里有許多滑冰者。self-centered a.only interested in oneself and one's own activities 自我為中心的，自私的 e.g.Robert is a self-centered, ambitious and bigoted man.羅伯特自私、有野心，并且頑固。seal vt.(also seal up)close a container or space by covering it with sth.封；密封 e.g.The windows have been sealed up for years.這些窗戶都已經(jīng)密封了許多年了。on purpose

not by accident;deliberately 故意，特意

e.g.She did it on purpose, of course.她當(dāng)然是故意那樣做的。

cast out

make sb.leave a place, or refuse to accept sb.as part of a group 趕走，驅(qū)逐 e.g.He claimed to have the power to cast out demons.他聲稱有能力驅(qū)鬼。

speak highly of

express a good opinion of sb.or sth.對...給予高度評價；贊揚 e.g.They spoke highly of his behavior.他們對他的行為贊頌備至。

seek out

find sb.or sth.by looking for them in a determined way 找到；找出

e.g.He managed to seek out his friend in the crowd.他設(shè)法在人群中找出了自己的朋友。set forth

start a journey 出發(fā)，動身

e.g.Columbus set forth with three small ships.哥倫布率領(lǐng)三只小船出發(fā)了。stretch out 1.lengthen sth.by pulling 拉長，伸長

e.g.She stretched out the rubber band to one meter long.她把橡皮筋拉長到了1米。

2.lie down, usu.in order to relax or sleep 躺平；舒展

e.g.Just stretch out and relax on the bed while I cook dinner.我去做晚餐, 你在床上，好好休息。back up

1.(cause to)block up（使）積壓；（使）擁塞

e.g.The correspondence has been backing up for several days.待處理的信件已積壓了好幾天。

2.support sb., esp.in an argument 支持

e.g.Harry will back me up wholeheartedly as he used to.哈里會像過去一樣全心全意地支持我。

at length 1.for a long time and in great detail 長久地；詳盡地

e.g.He talked at length about his work and family.他詳細(xì)地談了他的工作和家庭。

2.after a long time 最終，終于

e.g.“I don't agree,” she said at length.她最終才說：“我不同意?！?/p>

in line in a row of people standing one behind the other while waiting for sth.（排）成一行，（排）成一隊

e.g.You are not in line with the others.你沒有和別人排成一行。

settle down become quiet and calm or make sb.do this（使）安定下來 e.g.He settled down to do his homework.他安下心來做家庭作業(yè)。

for the time being for a short period of time from now, but not permanently 暫時，眼下 e.g.All is well, for the time being.眼下一切順利。

might as well used to suggest that sb.should do sth.because there is no good reason to do anything else 只好；還是...為好

e.g.I might as well go.我最好還是去。

Translation 1.已是午夜了，再等公共汽車也沒用，我們還不如步行呢。（it is no good doing, might as well do）

It is no good waiting for the bus at this time since it is already midnight.We might just as well walk.2.喬治絮絮叨叨講述的是他患的各種疾病。（it is that?,go on, at great length）

It was his various illnesses that George went on at great length about.3.學(xué)習(xí)上你付出的努力越少，最終就越有可能考試不及格。（the less?the more, end up doing）

The less effort you made in your study, the more likely it is that you will end up failing the exam.4.他被發(fā)現(xiàn)考試作弊，這就是他感到如此尷尬的原因。（cheat on an exam, be embarrassed）

He was found to be cheating on an exam, which was why he felt so embarrassed.5.他大老遠(yuǎn)的來我家不是來看我，而是為了尋求我的幫助（not for?but because, seek?from）

He came a long way to my house, not for a visit, but because he was anxious to seek help from me.6.她不敢回家，肯定又被她丈夫打了。（be afraid to, slap?around, must have done）

She is afraid to go home.She must have been slapped around by her husband again.7.她沒接父母的電話，她真希望自己當(dāng)時是呆在家里的，而不是去了超市。（wish, rather than）

She missed the call from her parents, and she wished that she had stayed at home rather than gone to the supermarket.8.她總是遠(yuǎn)離他人，而另一方面，她又需要人喜歡他，這很明顯是由于她的孤獨。（keep away from, on the other hand, spring from）

She always keeps away from others, and on the other hand, she needs to be liked, which obviously springs from her loneliness.9.他們失敗的主要原因在于他們不斷在枝節(jié)問題上糾纏不休。（the main point of ?is that, keep doing, argue over）

The main point of their failure is that they kept arguing over minor points.10.毫無疑問，環(huán)境污染將會導(dǎo)致森林消失。（no doubt about it, result in doing）

No doubt about it, environment pollution will result in the forests disappearing.1.One of the characteristics that distinguish the male bird and the female bird is that the former has beautiful feathers.雄鳥與雌鳥相區(qū)別的特征之一是雄鳥有一身漂亮的羽毛。

2.The identical twin brothers are totally different: John is a self-centered person, while Mike is easy-going and helpful.這對孿生兄弟完全不同：約翰以自我為中心，而邁克卻很隨和而且樂于助人。3.He allowed his assistants to work at their own rate as they pleased.他允許他的助手們?nèi)我獍凑兆约旱倪M(jìn)度工作。

4.You may have doubted whether solitude can be passed from one person to another.你可能懷疑過孤獨是否可以從一個人傳給另一個人。

5.The wealth and honor of a man are usually spoken of as his” credit”.一個人的財富和榮譽通常被說成是他的“信譽“。

6.When she didn’t answer the telephone, I resorted to standing outside her window and calling up to her.當(dāng)她不接電話時，我只好站在她的窗外喊她。

7.He made a journey of seven hundred miles on purpose to get a glimpse of Niagara Falls.他跋涉700英里，只為看一眼尼亞加拉瀑布。

8.Martin decided to leave the company to strike out on his own as a writer.馬丁決定離開這家公司去當(dāng)作家，獨闖新路。

9.While seeing me stepping into the room, she ran towards me, stretching out her two little arms, and embraced me tightly.一看見我走進(jìn)房間，她就跑過來，伸出兩只小手緊緊地?fù)肀摇?/p>

10.I would rather stay than otherwise for I must settle down this morning and finish the term paper.我寧愿留下來而不愿意做別的，因為我今天上午必須安下心來完成學(xué)期論文。

1.這位小個子男子并不如他看上去那么單純。

This little man is not so innocent as he appears.2.對這個問題我已束手無策了，所以你不妨去求助于王教授。

There's nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor Wang for help.3.雙方高度評價了在不同領(lǐng)域合作取得的成果，并希望合作進(jìn)一步加深。

Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, and hope that the cooperation can be furthered.4.一方面，親民形象能使新政策更易于被民眾接受，另一方面，他也能“廣直言之路，啟進(jìn)善之門”

On the one hand, an image of being close to the people can get a new policy more easily accepted.On the other hand, it will “encourage people to speak their minds and come up with constructive suggestions”.5.他孤獨的感覺時起時落，他有時會對自己、對寵物、對電視機(jī)嘮叨不休。

His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length to himself and his pets and the television.6.畢竟，金錢不是萬能的，最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。

After all, money is not everything.The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.1.The new mechanism is not so effective as they had expected, for months passed and there has been no big improvement in management efficiency.新的機(jī)制并不像他們預(yù)期的那樣有效，因為數(shù)月過去了，但管理效率并沒有明顯改進(jìn)。2.I don’t want to scare you unnecessarily, but you might as well face facts and look at a few numbers.我不想不必要地嚇唬你，可你最好還是面對事實，看看一些數(shù)字吧。

3.Loneliness is marked by a sense of isolation.Solitude, on the other hand, is a state of being alone without being lonely and can lead to self-awareness.孤獨的特點是一種與世隔絕感，而獨居則是獨自一人卻不感到寂寞的狀態(tài)，它能引發(fā)自我意識。

4.Loneliness is a negative state.One feels that something is missing.It is possible to be with people and still feel lonely——perhaps the bitterest form of loneliness.孤獨是一種消極的狀態(tài)，你會感到失去了某種東西。你可能與別人在一起仍然感到孤獨—這也許是孤獨最痛苦的形式。

5.Solitude is a positive state of engagement with oneself.Solitude is desirable, a state of being alone where you provide yourself wonderful and sufficient company.獨居是一種與自我相約的積極的狀態(tài)。獨居是值得向往的，是獨自一人、享受自我愉快而又充實的陪伴的一種狀態(tài)。

6.Thoreau says that loneliness can occur even amid companions if one’s heart is not open to them.梭羅說，一個人即使身處同伴之中，如果不對他們敞開心扉，仍會感到孤獨。

第三篇：21世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語第四冊第二單元課文翻譯

A我們需要的感激A ?J ?克羅寧一個晴朗的下午，我在紐約上了一輛出租車。從司機(jī)的表情和他猛拉排擋的樣子中，我可以看出他很不高興。我問他是怎么回事?！拔彝耆欣碛缮鷼?，”他怒氣沖沖地說?！敖裉焐衔缥业囊粋€乘客把錢包忘在我車?yán)锪?。里面有?00塊錢。我花了一個多小時想方設(shè)法找那個家伙。最后我在他的賓館里找到了他。他拿了錢包，一聲不吭地瞪著眼看著我，好像我本來打算要偷他的錢包似的?！薄八麤]有給你酬金？”我大聲問。“一個子兒也沒有。但我要的不是錢??”他咕噥著，然后突然大聲說，“只要那個家伙說句什么??”因為他誠實的助人行為沒有得到感激，那位出租車司機(jī)一整天都悶悶不樂，而且我知道以后他在做類似的好事之前會仔細(xì)考慮一下了。這種對感激的需要是我們都能感受到的，而拒絕表示感謝則會大大扼殺善良與合作的精神。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，辛辛那提的一位母親收到他參軍的兒子一封來信，信中提到諾曼底一個村莊中的一位婦女在他受傷饑餓時將他帶到家中，幫他躲過了德國人的搜捕。不幸的是，后來那男孩在阿登高地的進(jìn)攻戰(zhàn)中陣亡了。然而，這位母親卻受到一種不可抗拒的愿望的驅(qū)使。她積蓄了兩年，穿過大西洋，找到了她兒子提到的那個村莊。經(jīng)過多次打聽之后，她找到了那位曾經(jīng)保護(hù)過她兒子的婦女——一位貧窮農(nóng)夫的妻子——將一個包裹硬塞進(jìn)她手里。那是她兒子在畢業(yè)典禮上獲得的一塊金表，是那個男孩曾經(jīng)擁有過的唯一真正有價值的東西。這位母親表示感激的舉動深深觸動了人們的心靈，在那個村莊內(nèi)外成為傳奇般的故事。它比出色的演講更能讓人培養(yǎng)起對美國人的好感。感激是對每一個無論大小的善行

優(yōu)雅地接受并表示欣賞的藝術(shù)。我們大多數(shù)人受到款待，接受禮物和明顯的好處時都不會忘記表示我們的愉悅之情，但即使在這種情況下我們也還能夠完善我們表示感激的方式，讓它盡可能的個人化和真誠。最近，我和妻子在意大利南部旅游時，我給康涅狄格州的一位朋友寄去了幾瓶令我們喜歡的當(dāng)?shù)丶厌?。那是件小小的禮物，然而令我們驚訝的是，我們收到的不是一封傳統(tǒng)的感謝信而是一張電唱機(jī)唱片。我們播放它時，聽到了我們的朋友在飯后的一段話，描述他和他的客人們?nèi)绾蜗矚g那酒，并感謝我們考慮得周到。有這件不同尋常的東西來證明別人欣賞我們的禮物真令人愉快。有時感激不僅僅是一件個人的事。我在麥吉爾大學(xué)學(xué)醫(yī)的兒子告訴我，有一位被送到蒙特利爾醫(yī)院的病人經(jīng)過輸血而獲救。康復(fù)以后他問：“我是否能找到那位獻(xiàn)血者的名字，向他表示感謝？”他被告知獻(xiàn)血者的名字是從來不公開的。出院幾個星期后他回來獻(xiàn)了一品脫血。從那以后他一次又一次地為了同一目的回來。當(dāng)一名外科醫(yī)生稱贊這種不留姓名的高尚行為時，他只是回答說：“有個我永遠(yuǎn)也不知道是誰的人為我這樣做了。我只是在說‘謝謝’?！备屑げ粌H可以是一種轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的情緒，在有些情況下還可以是一種能持續(xù)終生的更新，想到這一點真令人感到欣慰。丈夫充滿感激地回想起妻子慷慨無私的行為，妻子從不忘記丈夫送給她的禮物，這些都大大有助于使家庭生活保持和諧。英國作家和博物學(xué)家W?H?赫德森曾經(jīng)寫道：“一天晚上，我?guī)б粋€朋友回家同我們一起吃了頓家常便飯。后來他對我說：‘你真幸運，你的妻子雖然身體不好還要照顧孩子，但菜燒得那么好吃。’那句贊美的話打開

了我的眼睛，它教會我要感謝妻子日復(fù)一日的、而一直被我習(xí)以為常的英雄行為?！备屑さ亩Y儀首先應(yīng)該在小事情上用得最多。送報的男孩、送牛奶的人、郵遞員、理發(fā)師、飯店里的女招待、開電梯的人——所有這些人都在以某種方式為我們服務(wù)。通過表示感謝我們可以使日常平淡的關(guān)系具有人情味，使單調(diào)的任務(wù)變得令人愉快。我的一位在倫敦當(dāng)公共汽車售票員的病人有一次對我吐露說，“有時我真厭倦了我的工作。人們抱怨，麻煩你，說車錢找得不對。但是有一位早晚乘我車的女士總是在我收她的車票時用一種特別友好的方式感謝我。我真希望她是代表所有的乘客在說話。這使我一直保持微笑?！卑⒅Z德?本涅特的一個出版商夸獎自己的秘書效率特高。一天，本涅特對她說：“你的老板說你效率極高。你的秘訣是什么？”“那不是我的秘訣，”秘書回答。“那是他的。”每次她為他做一件事，無論多小的事，他從未忘記表示感謝。因此，她工作一直非常努力。有些人不愿表達(dá)感激之情，因為他們覺得這不會受歡迎。我的一個病人在出院幾個星期后回到醫(yī)院來感謝他的護(hù)士?！拔覜]有更早地回來，”他解釋說，“是因為我猜想你們對于人們的感激一定厭煩得要命。”“正好相反，”她回答說，“我很高興你來。很少有人意識到我們多么需要鼓勵，我們從那些鼓勵我們的人身上獲得了多大的幫助。”我們所給予的感激永遠(yuǎn)不會過多。因為我們身邊的人在構(gòu)筑他們的人生哲學(xué)時所依據(jù)的正是這些微笑、我們所表示的感謝和我們表示欣賞的各種小小的示意動作。

B禮儀為什么是重要的朱迪思?馬丁 朱迪思?馬丁(生于1938年)是

《華盛頓郵報》的戲劇和電影評論家，她撰寫的聯(lián)合特寫專欄“禮儀小姐”通過稿件辛迪加在國際上多家報紙同時發(fā)表。她在哈佛大學(xué)的一次演講中闡述了她在《普通禮節(jié)》一書中的觀點，現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)載如下。如今的美國人錯誤地認(rèn)為只要具有個人美德就會毫不費力地、自然地產(chǎn)生可接受的社會行為。道德和禮節(jié)之間的區(qū)別已變得模糊了。大多數(shù)人以為，你只需要有一副好心腸，其余的事情便不用你費心了。你不必寫感謝信。這種對于人際關(guān)系的“自然的”態(tài)度認(rèn)定：熟知任何一個人就是愛他，人類唯一的問題只是溝通問題。這既否認(rèn)了人們可能被基本的、的確不可調(diào)和的差異——哲學(xué)的、政治的或者宗教的差異——所分隔，也假定了所有這樣的差異僅是誤解而已。許多形式的禮節(jié)恰恰是用來掩蓋那些由不可調(diào)和的分歧所造成的厭惡之情的。只要禮儀應(yīng)當(dāng)完全符合道德的想法存在，用來潤滑普通生活的應(yīng)酬話或慣例就會產(chǎn)生道德問題。過去人們講究義務(wù)性的正式拜訪，那個時候，“夫人不在家”的意思顯然就是“夫人不想見你，就像你并不想見她一樣，不過她注意到你已經(jīng)盡職了。”如今，我們從來不給自己暫時被別人聯(lián)系不上的便利，甚至對陌生人也不例外。有了電話和BP機(jī)，人們使得自己能隨時被任何人所立即接通，而被認(rèn)為無禮的并不是打電話干擾別人的人，而是不肯聽電話的人。我收到許多記者的來信，他們認(rèn)為只有直言不諱才是誠實。他們感到氣憤，因為問他們“你好嗎？”的人們并不真正想聽他們說肚子不舒服。在寫信給那些他們并不想結(jié)交的人時，他們要求不以“你的忠實的”來簽署信件。讓人有點討厭的是，在說“早上好”之前得看一下天氣預(yù)報。那

些提倡實話實說的人在回答“我看上去好嗎？”之類漫不經(jīng)心的問題時會說實話，這也等于要求給粗野無禮以特別許可。禮儀標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的缺乏導(dǎo)致了一個經(jīng)常是憤怒與混亂的社會，在那兒每個人都赤裸著他的道德觀，每一個細(xì)小的行為都被視作是一種道德觀的顯露。今天，每個人都聲稱不僅有權(quán)設(shè)計自己的禮節(jié)，而且有權(quán)在別人不遵守這些禮節(jié)時發(fā)火，即使他并沒有費心讓別人了解過他的喜好。事實上，現(xiàn)在比任何時候更容易在無意中傷人。一位紳士為一位女士開門，因為他的母親告訴他女士們喜歡這樣的禮節(jié)，但是這位女士卻轉(zhuǎn)過身來，對他現(xiàn)出一面蔑視的樣子，因為他侮辱了她作為女性的人格。一個年輕女子在一輛擁擠的公共汽車上給一位身體虛弱的年長男士讓座，而他厭惡地瞪了她一眼，因為她損傷了他作為男子的尊嚴(yán)。注意，這些人只是想表示友好；唯一的問題是他們在遵循不同的禮節(jié)體系而已。奇怪的是，現(xiàn)在比任何時候更難故意傷人。如果你說，“你面目可憎，我恨你，”那人可能會回答，“你正在氣頭上 ；我會等你感覺好一些?！苯忉屪约旱膭訖C(jī)能夠為所有的過失開脫，這種觀念也許在一個凌辱肆虐的世界里十分重要，在那兒，萬能的理由，“我心情不好”，赦免了一個人所有的義務(wù)或責(zé)任。有人認(rèn)為，人們無需借助全社會默認(rèn)的一種人為規(guī)范就可以“自然地”為人處事。這種想法就像認(rèn)為人們可以用一種沒有被普遍認(rèn)可的語法規(guī)則的語言來交際的想法一樣愚蠢。如同語言一樣，禮儀的準(zhǔn)則可以被運用得或嫻熟或拙劣，其目的可以是崇高的或邪惡的，其表達(dá)的觀念和感情可以多種多樣。如同語言一樣，禮儀不停地經(jīng)歷著緩慢的變化和適應(yīng)過程，但這些變化必須是全

球性的，而不是細(xì)微局部的。因為如果人人都即興創(chuàng)造自己的禮儀，那誰也不會理解另一個人行為的含義，結(jié)果就會造成社會的混亂和文明的終結(jié)。

第四篇：新視野大學(xué)英語第二版第四冊第二單元教案范文

Unit 2 Section A Charlie Chaplin

1.Pre-reading

1.1 Background information

Charles Spencer Chaplin Charles Spencer Chaplin was born on 16th April 1889 in Walworth, London, and lived a Dickensian childhood, shared with his brother, Sydney, that included extreme poverty, workhouses and seeing his mother’s mental decline put her into an institution.Both his parents, though separated when he was very young, were music hall artists, his father quite famously so.But it was his mother that Charlie idolised and was inspired by during his visit of the backstage while she performed, to take up such a career for himself.Charles Dickens Charles Dickens, 1812―1870, an English novelist, considered by many to be the greatest one of all.His many famous books describe life in Victorian England and show how hard it was, especially for the poor and for the children.They include The Pickwick Papers, Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol, David Copperfield, Great Expectations and A Tale of Two Cities.Hollywood

Hollywood is an area of Los Angeles which is known as the center of the American film industry.In terms of geography, Hollywood refers to an area consisting of the City of West Hollywood and its vicinity that form part of the Greater Los Angeles metropolitan area.It is generally thought that everyone living in Hollywood is extremely rich, famous, and concerned with appearances but in fact many parts of Hollywood today are poor, dirty and badly cared for.Mack Sennett Mack Sennett:(1880―1960)U.S.film producer, born in Richmond, Quebec.He worked in the theatre as a comic in burlesque companies, and from 1908 in silent films.He later formed his own company and hundreds of shorts, establishing a whole generation of players and a tradition of knockabout slapstick under the name of Keystone Komics(1912), and later the Sennett Bathing Beauties(1920).He received a Special Academy Award in 1937.1.2 Topic-related video

1.3 Topic-related discussion 2.While-reading

2.1 Global reading

2.1.1 Understand the major details of the text

1)What do you learn about Charlie Chaplin from the first paragraph of the passage?

He lived a poor and miserable life during his childhood.2)What do you know about the film Modern Times from the fourth paragraph of the passage?

It was the first movie in which Charlie Chaplin used his voice for the characters.3)What happened to Charlie Chaplin after his death?

His body was stolen by thieves and held for money.2.1.2 Understand organization of the text

1)Main idea of the text

The world’s most famous comic, Charlie Chaplin, had a miserable childhood.However, after he moved to America, he gradually became famous.His excellent performance has brought laughter to people all over the world.2)Text structure analysis

Part One(Para.1-2): Introduction of Charlie Chaplin

Charlie Chaplin was born into a poor family but created comic characters of lasting fame.He won more reputation in many other countries than in the land of his birth.Part Two(Para.3-6): Charlie Chaplin’s professional success

This part is about Charlie Chaplin’s success with his Tramp, sound movies and his secrets of great comedy.Part Three(Para.7-8): Charlie Chaplin’s emotional life

This part is about Charlie Chaplin’s emotional collision and his stable happiness in his later years.Part Four(Para.9): Charlie Chaplin’s death A strange incident after his death is taken as a fitting memorial to the world’s most famous comic.2.2 Detail reading

2.2.1 Words and phrases

1)for good(L.8)

forever;permanently

這一次她將是永遠(yuǎn)地離開她的國家了。

This time she’s leaving her country for good.The little boy had been abused by his stepfather until one day he ________.(永遠(yuǎn)離家出走了)

(ran away from home for good)

2)crude(L.12)

a.rude and offensive

由于他粗俗的行為，他不大受到同班同學(xué)們的歡迎。

He was not very popular with his classmates because of his crude manner.At times his language _________ and made him look foolish.(變得粗魯)

(turned crude)

3)behave(L.21)

v.act in a particular way

人們常常強(qiáng)烈反對那些行為舉止不大尋常的人。

People often strongly disapprove of others who behave in unusual ways.We should not allow violent behavior on school grounds;people should ____________.(以禮相待)

(behave politely to each other)

4)make up(L.27)

invent

我正試圖為遲到這么長時間編個好借口。

I was trying to make up a good excuse for being so late.Sometimes I'll read her a story from a book and sometimes ___________.(我自己編故事)

(I'll make one up)

5)come down in the world(L.29)

be reduced to a humbler standard of living or social level

你是否看過一片關(guān)于一個窮困潦倒的百萬富翁電影？

Have you seen the movie about a millionaire who has come down in the world?

When they ______________, they moved to a flat in London.(開始落魄)

(started to come down in the world)

6)rouse(L.39)

v.cause a particular feeling or attitude to exist

湯姆決定不去激怒她。

Tom was determined not to rouse her to anger.The speaker attempted to ____________ with a cry for action.(激勵人群)(rouse the crowd)

7)execute(L.46)

v.do or practice, esp.in a planned way

這個計劃是不錯的但是卻實施得很差。

The plan was good but was poorly executed.Now that we have approval we may _________ as previously agreed.(實施這項計劃)

(execute the plan)

8)find one’s way into(L.49)

arrive or get somewhere after some time

電腦已經(jīng)進(jìn)入許多普通家庭。

Computers have found their way into many ordinary families.Some of the rivers in the country ______________________.(流入太平洋)

(find their way into the Pacific Ocean)

9)relief(L.53)

n.the feeling that results from the easing or removing of pain, distress or anxiety

當(dāng)?shù)弥嚊]有受損，真令人感到欣慰。

It is a relief to learn that the car was not damaged._____________, all the children arrived home, safe and sound.(讓我們感到欣慰的是)

(Much to our relief)

10)spark(L.61)

v.be the cause of;lead to

組織者希望能激起年輕人的興趣。

The organizers are hoping to spark some interest in young people.Winds brought down power lines, ___________.（引起了火災(zāi)）

(sparking a fire)

2.2.2 Sentence patterns

1）Typical patterns for emphasis:

原句: Dickens might have created Charlie Chaplin’s childhood.But only Charlie Chaplin could have created the great comic character of “the Tramp”, the little man in rags who gave his creator permanent fame.(L.2-4)

狄更斯或許會創(chuàng)作出查理?卓別林的童年故事，但只有查理?卓別林才能塑造出了不起的喜劇角色“流浪者”，這個使其創(chuàng)作者聲名永駐的衣衫襤褸的小人物。

句型提煉：

1.Sb.else might do/have done sth.But only sb.can do/could have done sth.else.別人或許會做某事，但只有某人才會做別的事。

應(yīng)用：

其他作家或許會創(chuàng)作出關(guān)于倫敦的故事，但只有他才能塑造出“大衛(wèi)”這樣一個使其創(chuàng)作者聲名永駐的人物。

Other writers might have written stories about London.But only he could have created the character David, who gave his creator permanent fame.2）Typical patterns for addition of sth.:

原句：His huge fame gave him the freedom ― and, more importantly, the money ― to be his own master.(L.35)

他的巨大名聲為他帶來了自由，更重要的是帶來了財富，他因此得以成為自己的主人。

句型提煉：

Sth/Sb.… More importantly, sth./Sb.else…

某事??，更重要的是??

應(yīng)用：

工作不僅是維持生計的方式，更重要的是人們可以通過工作展現(xiàn)自己的才能，實現(xiàn)自己的抱負(fù)，建立人際關(guān)系和奠定社會地位的途徑。

Work is not only a means of sustaining life.More importantly, it is the way through which people display their talent, realize their ambitions, build relationships and establish social status.2.2.3 Difficult sentences

1)Certainly middle-class audiences did;the working-class audiences were more likely to clap for a character who revolted against authority, using his wicked little cane to trip it up, or aiming the heel of his boot for a well-placed kick at its broad rear.（L.11-14）

中產(chǎn)階級當(dāng)然這樣認(rèn)為；勞動階級倒更有可能為這樣一個反抗權(quán)勢的角色拍手喝彩：他以頑皮的小拐杖使絆子，或把皮靴后跟對準(zhǔn)權(quán)勢者寬大的臀部一踢。

Meaning: There is no doubt that middle-class audiences thought so(Charlie Chaplin’s Tramp a little crude);this character was more popular among working-class audiences because he showed his discontent with people of authority by using his little cane to make them fall or by directing a kick at their rears.2）As Oona herself was the child of a large family with its own problems, she was well-prepared for the battle that Chaplin’s life became as unfounded rumors of Marxist sympathies surrounded them both―and, later on, she was the center of rest in the quarrels that Chaplin sometimes sparked in their own large family of talented children.（L.58-61）

由于沃娜本人出生在一個被各種麻煩困擾的大家庭，她對卓別林生活中將面臨的挑戰(zhàn)也做好了充分準(zhǔn)備，因為當(dāng)時有毫無根據(jù)的流言說他倆是馬克思主義的同情者。后來在他們自己的有那么多天才孩子的大家庭中，卓別林有時會引發(fā)爭吵，而她則成了安寧的中心。

Meaning: Oona had met with many problems in her own family before marrying, so she was able to deal with the problems in Chaplin’s life.For example, at that time, there were unfounded rumors that they sympathized with Marxism;when Chaplin caused quarrels in their large family with many talented children, it was Oona who solved such problems and brought peace back into the family.3.Post-reading

3.1 Useful expressions

1.使某人聲名永駐

2.給予某人掌聲和利益

concerned(L.6)

3.永久地離開了某地

4.不幸的是

5.為??拍手喝彩

6.反抗

7.絆倒某人

8.把??對準(zhǔn)??

9.仍然;仍舊

10.盡量推遲??

11.落魄，潦倒

12.聞名世界

13.有意做某事

14.有一種??的沖動

15.激起某人的想像

to give sb.permanent fame(L.4)to provide applause and profit where sb.is

to quit a place for good(L.7)

sad to say(L.11)

to clap for sth./sb.(L.13)

to revolt against sb.(L.13)

to trip sb.up(L.14)

to aim? at?(L.14)

all the same(L.14)

to postpone?as long as possible(L.26)

to come down in the world(L.29)

to achieve world fame(L.31)

to do sth.on purpose(L.32)to have the urge to do sth.(L.36)

to rouse one’s imagination(L.39)

16.強(qiáng)烈需要?.to have a deep need to do sth.(L.47)

17.進(jìn)入，來到（某處）??

to find one’s way into?(L.49)

18.失去了對??的信心

to lose one’s faith in sb./sth.(L.50)

19.與某人白頭偕老

to walk into the sunset with sb.(L.51)

20.跨越年齡的差異

to span the age difference between?(L.55)

3.2 Summary of the text

Charlie Chaplin was born in London.However, he was much more popular in other countries than the land of his birth.Many English people considered Chaplin’s Tramp a little crude.However, in Modern Times in 1936, he made up a nonsense language with no known nationality and this helped to bring about his huge success.Chaplin was the kind of comic who used his physical senses to invent his art as he went along.The physical transformation of lifeless objects, plus his skill in acting became the secrets of Chaplin’s great comedy.Chaplin had a deep need to be loved and fortunately life eventually gave him stable happiness when he married Oona in 1942.3.3 Writing

3.4 Assignments

1)Finish all the exercises of Section A.2)Preview Section B, including reading skills.3)Writing:

Section B The Political Career of a Female Politician

1.Reading skill

1.1 Mixture of Fact and Opinion

As we learned in Unit 2, Book 1, Unit 3 and Unit 8, Book 2, and Unit 2, Book 3, developing the ability to read in a critical way involves the ability to distinguish between facts on the one hand and the writer’s opinion or interpretations on the other.It is always appreciated that we can keep facts and opinions apart, but writers often mix facts and opinions even within the same sentence, with some words representing facts and others representing opinions.1.2 Examples

Example 1:

But only Charlie Chaplin could have created the great comic character of “The Tramp”, the little man in rags who gave his creator permanent fame.(Para.1, Reading Passage A, Unit 2)

Even though the words only, great, permanent state opinions, the sentence states many facts―Charlie Chaplin, created, comic character, the Tramp, the little man in rags.Even more important, the main point of the sentence is to state the fact that Charlie Chaplin created “The Tramp”, which brought him fame.Thus the sentence is basically factual.Example 2:

This physical transformation, plus the skill with which he executed it again and again, are surely the secrets of Chaplin’s great comedy.(Para.6, Reading Passage A, Unit 2)

Even though the words surely, secrets, great state opinions, the sentence states many facts―physical transformation, the skill he executed with, again and again.The sentence is basically factual as it deals with Charlie Chaplin’s skills in performance.1.3 Text reading

1)vote(L.4)

v.express one’s choice or opinion, esp.by officially marking a paper or by raising one’s hand or speking in a meeting

這位總統(tǒng)已經(jīng)是第三次當(dāng)選了。

The President has been voted in for the third time running.Have you decided ________________？（支持哪個黨派）

(which party you will vote for)

2)spy…on(L.32)

watch secretly

你付了這個人多少錢來暗中監(jiān)視你丈夫？

How much did you pay the man to spy on your husband?

He ____________ through this window without being seen.(監(jiān)視他的鄰居)

(spied on his neighbors)

3)shut …out of(L.33)

not include in an activity

她決定永遠(yuǎn)都不會讓約翰進(jìn)入她的生活。

She decided to shut John out of her life forever.Some leaders in that country were afraid of losing their power, so they tried everything to ____.(杜絕婦女進(jìn)入政界)

(shut women out of politics)

4)have the upper hand(L.35)

have or get the advantage or control over sb.上半場結(jié)束時似乎意大利隊占上風(fēng)。

At half time, the Italian team seemed to have the upper hand.After hours of fierce negotiations, _____________.(總統(tǒng)占了上風(fēng))

(the president had the upper hand)

5)fierce(L.47)

a.strong and powerful

在上周激烈的戰(zhàn)斗中有兩百個士兵陣亡了。

Two hundred soldiers were killed during the fierce fighting last week.__________________________ as they fought their way into the mountain village.(他們遭遇猛烈的抵抗)

(They encountered fierce resistance)

6)break up(L.52)

(cause to)come to an end

警察到達(dá)時聚會已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。

The party had already broken up when the police arrived.___________ because there was no love between them.(他們的婚姻結(jié)束了)

(Their marriage broke up)

7)witness(L.55)

vt.see sth.happen because one is there when it happens

二十世紀(jì)目睹了全世界的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化的巨大變革。

The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural transformation.He _____________ and observed its growth and development at a crucial period in its history.(親眼目睹了祖國的誕生)

(witnessed the birth of his country)

8)in earnest(L.58)

seriously and sincerely

她認(rèn)真地承諾不會干涉我們的事。

He was in earnest in promising not to interfere in our business.Now I shall have to ______________________, keeping one chapter ahead of the students each week.（認(rèn)真學(xué)英語）

(study English in earnest)

9)refresh(L.67)

vt.give new energy and strength to sb.在炎熱的夏天喝一杯冰果汁會讓人精神為之一振。

A glass of iced juice can be very refreshing on a hot summer day.Having had a good sleep, ______________.（他感到精神抖擻）

(he felt thoroughly refreshed)

10)deliver the goods(L.69)

fulfill a promise

他滿口諾言，事實上卻難得兌現(xiàn)。

He's full of promises but in fact he rarely delivers the goods.____________, they could well be looking for a new prime minister by next summer.(如果他不兌現(xiàn)諾言)

(If he fails to deliver the goods)

2.Revision

2.1 Multiple choice

1)If a ________ were to reach the gas it would go off at once.A)spot

B)spill

C)spark

D)spray

2)After about an hour and a half the party ______ because there was not enough wine that evening.A)broke off

B)broke away

C)broke up

D)broke through

3)House purchase is the biggest decision that most people make and the easiest one to _______ for various reasons.A)postpone

B)conduct

C)replace

D)last

4)Somewhat to my _______, the police will soon eliminate her from their inquiries.A)entertainment

B)judgment

C)relief

D)relaxation

5)The political weakness of these countries _________their economic weakness.A)compromised with

B)competed with

C)communicated to

D)corresponded to 6)A series of tragic _______ made Mr.Terres feel he has to face up to his life.A)accidents

B)incidents

C)events

D)occurrences

7)The foreign-born Chinese are thought of as yellow on the outside and white on the inside because they only look like Chinese but never think or ______ like Chinese.A)direct

B)accustom

C)adjust

D)behave

8)For many young people, the late 1960s was a period of _______ against the moral values that had been the pride of the past generations.A)revolt

B)rebel

C)chaos

D)challenge

9)I promised to_________ the others at 5 a.m.A)rouse

B)stimulate

C)motivate

D)prompt

10)Prisoners are reported to have been deliberately _______ without trial.A)murdered

B)convicted

C)executed

D)punished

11)This swimming costume is made of ______ material.A)elastic

B)clumsy

C)coarse

D)delicious

12)Two drivers were killed in a head-on ________ down a car and a taxi last night.A)collapse

B)conflict

C)collision

D)crush 13)A few shots of this drug cleared up the disease ______

A)for long

B)before long

C)ever since

D)for good

14)The citizens in the neighborhood all______for the local government's decision to close the small paint factory.A)claimed

B)cracked

C)clapped

D)crashed

15)The government attempts to put down the______ of the president's sex scandal.A)news

B)rumor

C)saying

D)proverb

16)The fact that we underestimated our ______ led to our bitter defeat.A)opponent

B)candidate

C)colleague

D)advocate

17)The girls were all _____ of Grace because she was so pretty, with beautiful hands and a face like a film-star's.A)greedy

B)controversial

C)competitive

D)jealous

18)The Watergate ______ was exposed by two investigative journalists working for the Washington Post.A)shame

B)conviction

C)rumor

D)scandal

19)Japanese banks, once _____ competitors in the British banking market, have all but disappeared.A)bold

B)fierce C)wild

D)harmful

20)5000 people held a protest march and_____ against sexual discrimination.A)rally

B)conjunction

C)episode

D)riot

21)A _____ broke out at the stadium when the home team lost 5-0.A)rebel

B)strike

C)violation

D)riot

22)It was the third time in three weeks that such ugly scenes had been _______ in London.A)endeavored

B)demonstrated

C)witnessed

D)judged

23)You may laugh at my idea but I'm in deadly _____.A)intensive

B)generous

C)earnest

D)voluntary

24)When I come back, I feel _____and many new ideas occur to me.A)renewed

B)recreated

C)reshaped

D)refreshed

25)According to the Centers for Disease Control, women will soon _____ 80 percent of those diagnosed with HIV.A)make up

B)build up

C)stand for

D)conform to

26)She ______the knives and forks at the lunch table.A)laid up

B)laid off

C)laid down

D)laid out

27)________some other low-income countries in Africa, most children here do eventually get to primary school and stay there for a few years.A)Contrary to

B)In regard to C)In contrast to

D)With respect to

28)Seven hundred thousand tons of ______ oil has poured out of the damaged tanker into the sea.A)raw

B)rough

C)crude

D)tough

29)Fertile soil helps Canada________ among the world's leading wheat producers.A)rank

B)occupy

C)arrange

D)classify

30)The film producer sent him the ______ and assured him there was no question of him appearing on stage in the role.A)scrape

B)catalog

C)category

D)script

2.2 Error correction

1)If I knew that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport.A

B

C

D

(A.had known)

2)Whenever I see someone having a drink in a TV programme, I feel like to have a drink myself and

A

B

C

it's the same with cigarettes and food.D

(C.having)

3)Before the 1950s, ships sinking in the Triangle were in some degree common occurrences.A

B

C

D

(C.to)

4)Awaiting her husband at the airport, she couldn't help but to smile to herself.A

B

C

D

(D.smile)

5)Despite of the high divorce rate in the United States, young men and women continue to marry on

A

B

C

the basis of romantic love.D

(A.Despite)

2.3 Text extension

Discussion: Is it possible for a woman to become a successful politician?

3.Assignments

1)Finish all the exercises of Section B

2)Read the article of Section C and finish the related exercises.

第五篇：大學(xué)英語(四)1-7單元句子翻譯

大學(xué)英語

（四）漢譯英句子

Unit

11.還在小時候，布利茨恩(Blizten)就會戲弄祖母，把她的拖鞋挪走。

Even when young, Blizten would tease Grandma by carrying her slippers away.2.這個笑話的幽默之處在于第二位男士說他的妻子不是一位貴婦。

The humor lies in the fact that the second man is saying that his wife is not a lady.3.一個真正有幽默感的人在任何聚會上常常是注意力的焦點。

The truly humorous individual is often the focus of attention in any gathering.4.雙關(guān)語與其他幽默形式相比需要更細(xì)微、更巧妙的語言技巧。

Puns require more subtle and sophisticated language skills than other humor forms.5.讀者的樂趣就在于追隨故事里隱含的線索。

The fun for the reader is in following the clues hidden in the story.6.大多數(shù)偵探小說使讀者感到不安,而不是慰藉。

Instead of being comforting, most detective novels unsettle their readers.7.在一場謀殺案打亂了人們的生活之前，這是一個安定、可預(yù)測的世界。

This is a world which is safe and predictable until a murder shatters people’s lives.8.毫無疑問，音樂會繼續(xù)發(fā)揮它的誘惑力。

There seems no doubt that music will continue to exert its attraction.Unit 2The Power of Words

1．因為那時我是個十幾歲的小伙子，所以他的話最鼓舞人心了。

Because I was a teenager then, his words couldn’t have been more inspiring.2．每當(dāng)我懷疑自己不是當(dāng)作家的料時，便會重溫他的便箋。

Whenever I doubted I had the right stuff to be a writer，I would reread his note.3．毫不奇怪，他的朋友圈子就像附近的伊利（Erie）湖那么大。

Not surprisingly, he has a body of friends as big as nearby Lake Erie.4．我得知湯姆養(yǎng)成了一個給各行各業(yè)的人寫快捷的便箋的習(xí)慣。

I learned that Tom made a habit of writing a quick note to people in all walks of life.5．在一個慣于冷漠、無動于衷的世界上，這種便箋帶來了溫暖和安慰。

In a world too often cold and unresponsive, such notes bring warmth and reassurance.6．他的便條不僅寫給同事，還寫給萍水相逢的和完全陌生的人。

His notes go not only to associates, but to casual acquaintances and total strangers.7．清新和熱情會長久地回蕩在讀者的心靈中。

The freshness and enthusiasm will linger in the reader’s mind long afterward.8．給我留下了深刻的印象的，是他每次真誠的反應(yīng)。

What impressed me so much was his sincere response every time.Unit 3Gender Difference

1.各種不同類型的行為和情感，既是由遺傳也是由文化定型的。

Various types of behavior and emotions are patterned by both heredity and culture.2.在教育中存在一種偏愛男孩勝于女孩的文化偏見。

There is a cultural bias in education that favors boys over girls.3.那些成為積極的課堂參與者的學(xué)生會形成更積極的態(tài)度。

Those students who become active classroom participants will develop more positive attitudes.4.請男生回答問題的次數(shù)遠(yuǎn)比女生多，這對學(xué)習(xí)過程有著巨大的影響。

Calling on males far more than on female students has a tremendous impact on the learning process.5.有時候教師們不知不覺地阻止女孩像男孩一樣積極地參與。

Sometimes teachers unknowingly prevented girls from participating as actively as boys.6.男生作業(yè)做得馬虎卻受表揚，要是女生做這樣的作業(yè)就得不到寬容。Boys receive praise for sloppy work that would not be tolerated from girls.7.女孩子到九歲時數(shù)學(xué)一直比男孩子強(qiáng)，但此后便落后了。

Girls are superior to boys in math up to the age of nine, but fall behind from then on.8.即使男孩們占少數(shù)時，他們也得到老師們?nèi)种淖⒁饬Α?/p>

Boys get two-thirds of the teachers’ attention even when they are in a minority.Unit 4Creativity

1．如果迪克聽從了他的老板，也許我們就不會有遮護(hù)膠帶了。

If Dick had listened to his boss, we might not have masking tape.2．有時犯傻是通向創(chuàng)造性的必要的一步。

Sometimes being silly is an essential step toward creativity.3．創(chuàng)造性并非與生俱來，也不一定就是高智慧的特征。

Creativity is not something one is born with, nor is it necessarily a characteristic of high intelligence.4．許多教育者十分看重考試分?jǐn)?shù)，往往為了正確的答案而犧牲了創(chuàng)造性。

With strong emphasis on test scores, many educators sacrifice creativity for correct answers.5．創(chuàng)造一個荒誕想法受到尊重和贊賞，而不是鄙視或不理會的環(huán)境是很重要的。

It is important to create a place where wild ideas are honored and valued, never scorned or dismissed.6．即使是為了中美友誼，我們也并不特別感激這種干預(yù)。

Even for the sake of Chinese-American friendship, we were not particularly grateful for this intervention.7．大人幾乎毫不猶豫地干涉小孩成長的過程。

Adults feel little hesitation about intervening in the child-growing process.8．在希望孩子怎樣行事上，我們遇到了兩種截然不同的態(tài)度。

We were dealing with totally different attitudes about the preferred behavior for children.Unit 5

1.做個好榜樣并不需要十全十美, 而且人們也不應(yīng)該期盼完美。

You don’t have to be perfect to be a good role model, and people shouldn’t expect perfection.2.他顯示出一個優(yōu)秀者應(yīng)具有的諸如誠實、毅力這些品格嗎？

Does he display the values—like honesty and determination—that are part of being a good person?

3.時刻處在公眾的注視之下有時令人難以忍受。

Constantly being watched by the public can be hard to tolerate at times.4.如果孩子們心目中的英雄犯了錯誤，他們就不會覺得世界末日到了。

If the kid’s heroes should make mistakes, it won’t seem like the end of the world to them.5.要成為一名體育明星，你必須具備非凡的競爭意識。

To become a star athlete, you have to have an extremely competitive outlook.6.他們變得很自負(fù)，表現(xiàn)得就像他們的運動生涯會永遠(yuǎn)輝煌下去。

They become conceited and behave as if their athletic success will last forever.7.當(dāng)他們因為享有特權(quán)便自認(rèn)為可以為所欲為時，危險就隨之而至。

The danger arises when they think that because they are privileged they can have anything they want.8．人們期望運動員來充當(dāng)社會的英雄是一種誤導(dǎo)。

It’s misguided for society to look to athletes for its heroes.Unit 6

1．在說不定的某個時候，我們大家都曾充當(dāng)過疑病癥患者的角色。

At some time or other, all of us have played the part of a hypochondriac.2．然而對疾病的恐懼并非我們唯一的恐懼。同樣患病的危險也并非我們唯一會遇上的危險。

But fear of disease is not our only fear, and neither is risk of disease the only risk we run.3． 現(xiàn)代生活中充滿了各種各樣的威脅，諸如對我們生命的威脅，對我們未來的威脅。

Modern life is full of all manner of threats—to our lives and our future.4． 風(fēng)險幾乎總是一個可能性的問題而無確定性可言。

Risks are almost always a matter of probability rather than certainty.5． 上面說的這一切，只是從另一角度說明我們所做的事沒有一件是百分之百安

全的。

All of this is another way of saying that nothing we do is completely safe.6． 但是即便你買得起，這筆額外的費用以及所帶來的不便是否值得呢？

But is the added cost and inconvenience worth the difference in price, even

supposing you could afford it?

7． 關(guān)鍵在于要讓自己了解相應(yīng)的風(fēng)險，然后見機(jī)行事。

The point is to inform ourselves about the relevant risks and then act accordingly.8． 風(fēng)險管理需要兩大要素：常識以及與我們可能要承擔(dān)的風(fēng)險的性質(zhì)和程度相

關(guān)的信息。

Risk management requires two things: common sense and information about the

character and degree of the risks we may be running.Unit 7

1.當(dāng)你們沒有按期交作業(yè)時，我們裝作不在乎。

When your work came in beyond the deadline, we pretended not to care.2．在過去的50年中，大學(xué)使你們喪失了得到充分培養(yǎng)的機(jī)會。

College has deprived you of adequate preparation for the last 50 years.3.在大學(xué)里，我們必須學(xué)會規(guī)劃時間，學(xué)會容忍。

At college, we must learn to budget our time and to be tolerant.4．我們與來自世界各地的人相識，開闊了我們的視野，使我們彼此加深了解。

We meet people from different parts of the world that broaden our view of the world and help

us understand each other better.