第一篇：好教案 賓語從句講解 與練習(xí)8.31大全

賓語從句

在復(fù)合句中用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。

1．語序

無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都必須使用陳述語序，即“主句＋連詞＋賓語從句（主語＋謂語＋……）”句式。根據(jù)連接詞在從句中所擔(dān)任的不同成分，可分為以下四種：

1）連接詞＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語。常見的連接詞有： who，what，which等。如：

Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎？

The small children don't know what is in their stockings．這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什么東西？

2）連接詞＋名詞＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語的定語。常見的連接詞有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：

He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他問我們班上誰的書法最好。

The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老師問我們房間里有多少人。

3）連接詞＋主語＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語、狀語或表語。常見的連接詞有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much，when，why，how，where，if ／whether（在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分）等。如：

He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他還沒決定是否去無錫旅行。

Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎？

4）連接詞＋名詞＋主語＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語或表語的定語。常見的連接詞有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：

Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪個班嗎？

She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。

2．連接詞

1）當(dāng)由陳述句充當(dāng)賓語從句時，用that引導(dǎo)，that無詞義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如：

He said that he could finish his work before supper．他說他會在晚飯前完成工作。

2）當(dāng)由一般疑問句充當(dāng)賓語從句時，用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”。如：

I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道這么多年后他是否還住在這兒。

但在下列情況下只能用whether：

①在具有選擇意義，又有or或or not時，尤其是直接

與or not連用時，往往用whether（if…or not也可以使用）。如：

Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）讓我知道他是否能來。

I don't know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。

I wonder whether we stay or whether wego．我不知道我們是去還是留。

②在介詞之后用whether。如：

I'm interested in whether he likes English．我關(guān)心的是他是否喜歡英語。

We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我們正在考慮是否能按時完成這項工作。

I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。

③在不定式前用whether。如：

He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。

I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。

He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。

④whether置于句首時，不能換用if。如：

Whether this is true or not，I can't say．這是否真的我說不上來。

⑤引導(dǎo)主語從句和表語從句時宜用whether。如：

Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能來還是個問題。

The question is whether we can catch the bus．問題是我們能否趕上公共汽車。

⑥若用if會引起歧義時，則用whether。如：

Please let me know if you like the book．可理解為：

a．Please let me know whether you like the book．請告訴我你是否喜歡這本書。

b．If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜歡這本書，請告訴我。

3）如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句，只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)。如：

Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告訴我今天早上你為什么開會遲到嗎？

3．時態(tài)

含賓語從句的復(fù)合句，主、從句謂語動詞的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)應(yīng)包括以下三點內(nèi)容：

1）如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句的謂語動詞可根據(jù)需要，選用相應(yīng)的任何時態(tài)。如：

I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他將何時回來。

He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來了。

2）如果主句的謂語動詞是過去時，賓語從句的謂語動詞只可根據(jù)需要，選用過去時態(tài)即一般過去時、過去進行時、過去將來時或過去完成時的某一種形式。如：

①The children didn't know who he was．孩子們不知道他是誰。

②He asked his father how it happened．他問他父親這件事是如何發(fā)生的。

3）如果賓語從句所表示的是客觀事實、普遍真理、自然現(xiàn)象或習(xí)慣性動作等，不管主句用什么時態(tài)，從句時態(tài)都用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老師說地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。

4．注意：

if和when既可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)狀語從句，應(yīng)注意它們在兩種從句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，分別意為“是否”和“何時”，其時態(tài)應(yīng)和主句時態(tài)相呼應(yīng)；它們引導(dǎo)狀語從句時，意思分別為“如果，假如”和“當(dāng)……時候”，當(dāng)主句時態(tài)是一般將來時時，其時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時。它們常常放在含有狀語從句和賓語從句的題干中進行綜合考查。如：

—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？你知道他明天什么時候回來嗎？

—Sorry，I don't know．When he comes back，I'll tell you．對不起，不知道。當(dāng)他回來了，我將告訴你。

—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否會來。

—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨，他會來的。

簡化賓語從句常用六法

同學(xué)們常會遇到把含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)化為簡單句，使其與原句意思相同（或相近）的試題。下面就介紹幾種常用的簡化賓語從句的方法：

方法一：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是hope，decide，wish，choose，agree，promise等，且賓語從句的主語與主句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon.→Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him.→We decided to help him.方法二：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等動詞，且主句主語與從句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

She has forgotten how she can open the window.→She has forgotten how to open the window.注：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是tell，ask，show，teach等動詞，且后帶雙賓語，從句主語和間接賓語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the station？

方法三：當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是order（命令），require（需要）等時，如果主句和從句的主語不一致，賓語從句可簡化為“名詞（代詞）+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.→ The headmaster ordered us to start at once.方法四：某些動詞后的賓語從句，可以用介詞加動名詞（短語）等其他形式簡化。例如：

He insisted that he should go with us.→He insisted on going with us.The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born.→The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.方法五：某些動詞后面的賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“賓語+V-ing形式（作賓語補足語）”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.→ Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.方法六：動詞seem后的賓語從句，也可以用不定式（短語）來簡化，但句型需要進行適當(dāng)?shù)淖兓?。例如?/p>

It seemed that the boys were going to win.→The boys seemed to win.除上述方法外，還有一些特殊句式的轉(zhuǎn)化。例如：

I found that it was difficult to learn English well.→I found it difficult to learn English well.Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow.→Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.They found that the box was very heavy.→They found the box very hea 賓語從句專項練習(xí)

一、將下面的句子連接成為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句。1．These flowers are from Guangdong.He said.He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.2.Light travels faster than sound.My teacher told me.My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.3．There will be a meeting in five days.Jack didn’t know.Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.4．Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.5．Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.6．Have you finished your homework yet? Mr.Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr.Zhao asked Ma Gang ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ homework yet.7．How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows? Who knows ______ _____ _____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?

8．Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car? 9．What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about.10．Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know.I don’ t know ____ _______ at the door so loudly.11.Does he still live in that street? I don't know.I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.12.What's his name? I asked him.I asked him what _____ _____ _____.13.When does the train arrive? Please tell me.Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.14.Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys.He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken.15.Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know.I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.二、選擇填空。

（）1.What did Mike say? He said ____________________.A.if you are free the next week

B.what colour was it C.the weather is fine

D.summer comes after spring（）2.Tom asked my friend ________________.A.where was he from

B.that the earth is bigger than the moon C.when did he come back

D.not to be so angry（）3.Let me tell you __________________.A.how much is the car

B.how much does the car cost C.how much did I pay for the car

D.how much I spent on the car（）4.Peter knew _______________.A.whether he has finished reading the book

B.why the boy had so many questions C.there were 12 months in a year

D.when they will leave for Paris（）5.Could you tell me ___________?

A.where do you live

B.who you are waiting for

C.who were you waiting for

D.where you live in（）6.I can't understand ______the boy alone.A.why she left

B.why did she leave

C.why she had left

D.why had she left（）7.She told me the sun ______ in the east.A.rise B.rose C.rises D.had risen（）8.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.A.why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D.why he got（）9.The manager came up to see __________.A.what was the matter B.what the matter was C.what the matter is D.what's the matter（）10.He asked his father _______.A.where it happens B.where did it happen

C.how it happened D.how did it happen（）11.No one tells us______, so we need your help.A.how we should do B.what should we do

C.how to do it D.what to do it

（）12.Could you please teach me _______ the computer.A.how check B.to check C.how to check D.to how checking

（）13.They don't know _______their parents are.A that

B what

C why

D which

（）14.─Where do you think ______ he _____ the TV set? ─ Sorry, I've no idea.A./, bought B.has, bought C.did, buy D.did bought

（）15.Our homework has changed a lot.Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.A.how, another B.what, more C.how ,other D.what, another

（）16.─ Could you tell me ______? ─ Yes.He ____ to the USA.A.where is he/ has been B.where he is/ has gone

C.where was he/ has been D.where he was/ has gone（）17.─Mike wants to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.─Yes.But if it _______, we'll visit the museum instead.A.you have/ will rain B.you will have/ will rain

C.you will have/ rains D.will you have/ rains

（）18.I really don't know if she _______ it when she ________.A.finds/ arrives

B.finds/ will arrive C.will find/ will arrive D.will find/ arrives

（）19.Miss Liu said ______ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk.A.that

B.where

C.which

D.what（）20.He asked me _______.A.who will kick the first goal in the World Cup B.when was the APEC meeting held

C.when China became a member of the WTO D.where the 2008 Olympics will be held

（）21.In the bookshop , a reader asked the shopkeeper ______ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.A.that

B.how

C.what

D.if（）22.You must remember _______.A.what your teacher said

B.what did your teacher say C.your teacher said what

D.what has your teacher said（）23.I don”t know ______.A.which room I can live

B.which room can I live C.which room I can live in

D.which room can I live in（）24.－－Do you know when he ______ back ?

－－Sorry , I don”t.When he _______back , I”ll tell you.A.comes;comes

B.comes;will come C.will come;comes

D.will come;will come（）25 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.A.took

B.take

C.takes D.will take（）26 Mary said that she ___ to Guangzhou.A.has never gone

B.had never gone C.has never been

D.had never been（）27 The students want to know whether they___ a PE class today.A.had

B.has

C.will have D.are

（）28.Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty? A.who B.what C.when D.that（）29.I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.A.what B.if C.when D.where（）30.Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening? A.what

B when

C why

D how

三、用合適的連接詞填空。

1.Jim told me ____ he didn't go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）

2.Do you know ______ else is going to be on duty today？（who, whom）

3.She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.（that, if）

4.He always thinks ______ he can do better.（how, who）5.I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）

6.They don't know _______ to go or wait.(if, whether)7.We are talking about ______ we’ll go back tomorrow.(whether, if)

8.I was really surprised at ______ I saw.(where, what)9.I don't know ____ so many people are looking at him.(how, why)10.Do you know ______ you are studying for?(why, what)

四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。

1.“Do you want to try it?” Tom's mother asked him.(同義句)→

Tom's mother asked him _______ _______ ______ to try it.2.I think this is a good idea.（改為否定句）→

I _______ ________ this ________ a good idea.3.Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to buy.（改為復(fù)合句）→

Lucy hasn't decided ________ _________ ________ _______ buy.4.I don't know how I can get to the hospital.（改為簡單句）→

I don't know ________ ________ ________ to the hospital.5.I don’t suppose they will come, _______ ______ ?(改為反意疑問句)

五、用所給動詞的正確形式填空。

1.We are sure that he ________(go)to school tomorrow.2.Do you know who ______(be)the first man to walk on the moon?

3.Could you tell me where the post office ______(is)?

4.Our father said that he _______(will)buy a new computer.5.I hear that he _______(swim)in the sea yesterday.6.The little boy tells us where his father _______(work).7.He said that he _________(finish)his work already.8.They thought they could _______(hike)to the top of the mountain.9.He was glad that so many people _____(help)him.10.She doesn’t know whether ________(go)or wait.參考答案：

一、1.that, were 2.that, travels 3.that, would be 4.if/whether they can speak 5.if/whether, are playing 6.if/whether he had finished his 7.how many people you can see 8.where she parked 9.what he, talked 10.who knocked 11.if/whether, lives 12.his name was 14.if/whether, wanted 15.if/whether, was

二、1—5: DDDBB 6—10:ACDBC 11—15:CCBAD 16—20:BCDAC 21—25:DACCA 26—30:DCCBA

三、1.why 2.who 3.that 4.how 5.how soon 6.whether 7.whether 8.what 9.why 10.what

四、1.if/whether he wanted 2.don’t think, is 3.which trousers she can 4.how to get 5.will they

五、1.will go 2.was 3.is 4.would 5.swam 6.works

7.had finished 8.hike 9.helped 10.to go

第二篇：講解賓語從句

講解賓語從句，定語從句，表語從句，狀語從句

瀏覽次數(shù)：1378次懸賞分：0 | 解決時間：2009-6-13 17:26 | 提問者：魚臺問問

詳細講解

最佳答案

一、狀語從句分類及常用連詞：

類別 連 詞

時間狀語從句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc.地點狀語從句 where,wherever

原因狀語從句 because, since, as, for, now that, etc.目的狀語從句 in order that, so that, that, etc.結(jié)果狀語從句 so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc.條件狀語從句 if, unless, as(so)long as, etc.讓步狀語從句 though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,etc.比較狀語從句 as…as, so…as, than, etc.方式狀語從句 as, as if, as though, etc.二、相似連詞的用法區(qū)別

1.when, while, as，while表時間，從句需用延續(xù)性動詞，切不可用瞬間動詞。

when表時間，從句既可以用延續(xù)性動詞，又可以用瞬間動詞。

as表時間，與when相似，但側(cè)重強調(diào)主從句動作同點或同段進行。

when, while后可以接分詞短語。

2.because, as, since, for

語氣 位置 意義

because 最強 前或后 “原因”；表客觀因果關(guān)系；回答“” as 較強 前 “由于”；把眾人所知的事實當(dāng)作理由

since 較弱 前 “既然”；就對方陳述的事實作為理由

for 最弱 后 “理由”；對某一事實進行推斷的理由

注：上面所說的“前”，指從句在主句之前；“后”，指從句在主句之后。

3.so that, so…that, such…that

so that “以便”、“結(jié)果”表目的和結(jié)果。注意：在從句中有情態(tài)動詞表目的。無情態(tài)動詞表結(jié)果。

so…that “如此的…以致于”表結(jié)果。該結(jié)構(gòu)常見于： 1.so+形／副＋that 2.so+形＋a(an)＋單數(shù)名詞＋that 3.so＋many/much＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞（不可數(shù)名詞）+that

such…that “如此的…以致于”表結(jié)果。該結(jié)構(gòu)常見于：

1.such＋a(an)＋形＋名詞＋that 2.such＋形＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞／不可數(shù)名詞＋that

4.though, although, as，though, although在句首表“盡管”兩者都可以用。但句后不能再用but。

下列情況只能用though：

▲ as though(=as if);even if(=even though)▲ 在句末表示“然而”

as表示“盡管”，從句的表語、狀語等成分要倒裝。

5.whatever, however,wherever, whenever

它們是what, how, where, when的強勢語氣。分別等于：

no matter what, no matter how no matter where, no matter when

二賓語從句

1.肯定句

結(jié)構(gòu):主句+that（可有可無）+肯定句

2.一般疑問句

結(jié)構(gòu):主句+if+一般疑問句

3.特殊疑問句

結(jié)構(gòu):主句+疑問詞+肯定句。

賓語從句的時態(tài)

1.主現(xiàn)從不限（主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句的時態(tài)不限）

2.主過從四過（主居是一般過去時，從句的時態(tài)應(yīng)是一般過去時、過去完成時、過去將來時或者過去進行時）

在復(fù)合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句是初中英語中最重要的一種從句，它內(nèi)容完整，句型結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜，主句和從句時態(tài)搭配要求嚴格，在中考試題中頻頻出現(xiàn)。而且學(xué)好賓語從句也可為到高中學(xué)習(xí)間接引語、主語從句、表語從句及同位語從句打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。學(xué)習(xí)賓語從句并不難，只要你能過好下面的三道關(guān)：

第一關(guān)，選好連接詞（也有人叫關(guān)聯(lián)詞）。

引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連接詞，課本上寫有三類，但從學(xué)習(xí)的角度看分為四類更為實用。

1．連詞that：只起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，也無詞匯意義，在口語中或非正式文體中常被省略。例如：

1）He knew（that）he should work hard．

2）I am glad（that）you've passed the exam． 2．連詞whether或if：它們起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，口語中多用if。例如：

3）Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning？（注：2002上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題填上答案后的句子。以下再有這種例句，都為2002年中考題，只寫某地。）

4）Tom didn't know if／whether his grandpa liked the present．

作“是否”解的if和whether在具體用法上差別較大，同學(xué)們不易掌握。在賓語從句中用whether沒有用if時受到那么多限制。例如：

5）He asked me whether or not I was coming．他問我是否要來。（該句中的whether不能換成if，因為if不能與or連用。）

3．連接代詞who，whom，whose，what，which：它們起連接作用，作句子成分，各有其自己的意義。例如：

6）The teacher asked the new student which class he was in？（武漢市）（which引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中作定語，修飾class，意為“哪個”。）

7）Can you tell me whom he is waiting for？（天津市）

4．連接副詞when，where，why，how：起連接作用，分別作時間、地點、原因、方式狀語，各有其自己的意義。例如：

8）I wonder where he got so much money．對他從哪里弄到那么多錢我感到疑惑。（where在從句中作地點狀語，修飾got，意為“哪里；什么地方”。）

9）He didn't tell me how old his friend was．（四川省）（how引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作程度狀語，修飾old，意為“怎樣；如何”等意。）

第二關(guān)，牢記賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序，即“連接詞＋主語＋謂語＋其他”。這里特別強調(diào)的是，它的主語和謂語的語序是陳述句的語序，不是疑問句的倒裝語序。例如：

10）You must remember what your teacher said．（河南?。?/p>

11）—Dad，do you know when the football game will start？

—In half an hour．（寧波市）

12）漢譯英：你能不能告訴我，我們?nèi)タ赐l？

誤：Can you tell me who（m）do we have to see？

正：Can you tell me who（m）we have to see？

錯句的錯誤出在賓語從句中誤用了疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)——主語前加了個助動詞do。因為我們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了特殊疑問句，如W hat time does the plane arrive in Paris？就順口說出“Do you know what time does the plane arrive in Paris？”這種錯誤句子來。但是一旦我們注意了，我們不久就習(xí)慣于說“Do you know what time the plane arrives in Paris？”了。

第三關(guān)，注意時態(tài)的呼應(yīng)。

賓語從句中謂語動詞的時態(tài)，常常受主句謂語時態(tài)的制約，這種現(xiàn)象稱為“時態(tài)的呼應(yīng)”。例如：

13）漢譯英：我原以為你今天有空的。

誤：I thought（that）you are free today．

正：I thought（that）you would be free today． 錯句中賓語從句用are很可能是因為有 today，但因為主句謂語是thought，所以從句謂語就該用過去將來時would be了。

這種時態(tài)的呼應(yīng)，如果主句謂語是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，賓語從句的謂語時態(tài)不受限制，如上述例句2），3），7），8），10），11），12）。如果主句時態(tài)是過去時，賓語從句一般要隨著改為相應(yīng)的過去時（即一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時等）。例如：

14）He thought he was working for the people．

15）I heard she had been to the Great W all．

16）John hoped that he would find a job soon．

但賓語從句如果表示定理法則、永恒真理等，則不變化：

17）The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun

定語從句

定語從句

內(nèi)容提要

定語從句是由關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個成分，定語從句分為限定性和非限定性從句兩種。狀語從句分為時間狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，原因狀語從句，條件狀語從句以及行為方式狀語從句。名詞從句包括主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句及there be句型。

一、限定性定語從句

1.that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它們在從句中作主語或賓語，that在從句中作賓語時?？墒÷躁P(guān)系詞，which在從句中作賓語則不能省略。而且，如果which在從句中作“不及物動詞＋介詞”的介詞的賓語，注意介詞不要丟掉，而且介詞總是放在關(guān)系代詞which的前邊，但有的則放在它原來的位置

2.which作賓語時，根據(jù)先行詞與定語從句之間的語義關(guān)系，先行詞與which之間的介詞不能丟

3.代表物時多用which，但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which，這些詞包括all, anything, much等，這時的that常被省略

4.who和whom引導(dǎo)的從句用來修飾人，分別作從句中的主語和賓語，whom作賓語時，要注意它可以作動詞的賓語也可以作介詞的賓語

5.where是關(guān)系副詞，用來表示地點的定語從句

6.when引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時間

〔注〕值得一提的是，表示時間“time“一詞的定語從句只用when引導(dǎo)，有時不用任何關(guān)系代詞，當(dāng)然也不用that引導(dǎo)

By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7.whose是關(guān)系代詞，修飾名詞作定語，相當(dāng)于所修飾成分的前置所有格

8.當(dāng)從句的邏輯主語是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時，常用there is來引導(dǎo)

二、非限定性定語從句：非限定性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進一步說明，通常和主句間用逗號隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

1.which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個句子的情況或主句的某一部分

2.在引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句時，that有時相當(dāng)于in which, at which, for which或at which

Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which)attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.人們對白日做夢的態(tài)度正在改變，這與人們對夜間做夢的看法的變化有非常相似之處。

I like the music for the very reason that(for which)he dislike it.我出于某種原因喜歡這種音樂，而他恰恰與我相反。

We arrived the day that(on which)they left.剛好我們到的那天他們走了。

3.有時as也可用作關(guān)系代詞

4.在非限定性定語從句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物

三、定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤

1.缺關(guān)系詞

2.從句中缺成分

最佳答案

定語從句是由關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個成分，定語從句分為限定性和非限定性從句兩種。狀語從句分為時間狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，原因狀語從句，條件狀語從句以及行為方式狀語從句。名詞從句包括主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句及there be句型。

一、限定性定語從句

1.that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它們在從句中作主語或賓語，that在從句中作賓語時常可省略關(guān)系詞，which在從句中作賓語則不能省略。而且，如果which在從句中作“不及物動詞＋介詞”的介詞的賓語，注意介詞不要丟 掉，而且介詞總是放在關(guān)系代詞which的前邊，但有的則放在它原來的位置

2.which作賓語時，根據(jù)先行詞與定語從句之間的語義關(guān)系，先行詞與which之間的介詞不能丟

3.代表物時多用which，但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which，這些詞包括all, anything, much等，這時的that常被省略

4.who和whom引導(dǎo)的從句用來修飾人，分別作從句中的主語和賓語，whom作賓語時，要注意它可以作動詞的賓語也可以作介詞的賓語

5.where是關(guān)系副詞，用來表示地點的定語從句

6.when引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時間

〔注〕值得一提的是，表示時間“time”一詞的定語從句只用when引導(dǎo)，有時不用任何關(guān)系代詞，當(dāng)然也不用that引導(dǎo)

By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7.whose是關(guān)系代詞，修飾名詞作定語，相當(dāng)于所修飾成分的前置所有格

8.當(dāng)從句的邏輯主語是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時，常用there is來引導(dǎo)

二、非限定性定語從句：非限定性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進一步說明，通常和主句間用逗號隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

1.which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個句子的情況或主句的某一部分

2.在引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句時，that有時相當(dāng)于in which, at which, for which或at which

Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which)attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.人們對白日做夢的態(tài)度正在改變，這與人們對夜間做夢的看法的變化有非常相似之處。

I like the music for the very reason that(for which)he dislike it.我出于某種原因喜歡這種音樂，而他恰恰與我相反。

We arrived the day that(on which)they left.剛好我們到的那天他們走了。

3.有時as也可用作關(guān)系代詞

4.在非限定性定語從句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物

狀語從句

§ 1狀語從句的種類

用來修飾謂語動詞、其它動詞、定語、狀語或整個句子的從句叫做狀語從句。狀語從句可分為：

1.時間狀語從句；(adverbial clause of time)

2.地點狀語從句；(adverbial clause of place)

3.原因狀語從句；(adverbial clause of cause)

4.條件狀語從句；(adverbial clause of condition)

5.目的狀語從句；(adverbial clause of purpose)

6.讓步狀語從句；(adverbial clause of concession)7.比較狀語從句；(adverbial clause of comparison)

8.程度狀語從句；(adverbial clause of degree)

9.方式狀語從句；(adverbial clause of manner)

10.結(jié)果狀語從句。(adverbial clause of result)

§2狀語從句的時態(tài)特點

一般情況下，時間和條件狀語從句的謂語動詞一般用“一般現(xiàn)在時”表示“一般將來時”，用“現(xiàn)在完成時”表示“將來完成時”。例如：

I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我一到北京就給你打電話。（這是由as soon as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，從句中的謂語動詞arrive是一般現(xiàn)在時，表示一般將來時，決不可用will arrive）

As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home.我一完成此工作，就回家。（從句中的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時have finished，表示將來完成時,決不可用will have finished）

If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回來了，請通知我。（從句中的謂語動詞用comes back,表示一般將來時，決不可用will come back）

二 時間狀語從句

§3時間狀語從句（adverbial clause of time）

1.由when, while, as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。例如：

When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.當(dāng)你以為自己一無所知的時候，你就是在開始知道一些事物了。

When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out , it blows up everything with it.當(dāng)真理被埋在地下的時候，它在生長，它感到壓抑，它蓄存著這么一種爆炸性力量，一旦冒出，它就會炸破一切！

Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵。

Will you watch my clothes while I have a swim.我游泳的時候，請你照看一下我的衣服。

You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it.當(dāng)你的手在空氣中揮動的時候，你就能感覺到空氣在流動。

Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.我們的校長邊談邊笑。

【區(qū)別】when, while和as的區(qū)別：when引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞，又可以是瞬時動詞。并且when有時表示“就在那時”。例如：

When she came in, I stopped eating.她進來時，我在吃飯。(瞬時動詞)

When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.當(dāng)?shù)淖≡谵r(nóng)村時，我常常為他擔(dān)水。（延續(xù)性的動詞）

We were about to leave when he came in.我們就要離開，就在那時他進來了。

While引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動作必須是延續(xù)性的，并強調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生（或者相對應(yīng)）。并且while有時還可以表示對比。例如：

While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.(was reading是延續(xù)性的動詞，was reading和was watching同時發(fā)生)

I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜歡踢足球，而你喜歡打籃球。（對比）

As表示“一邊……一邊”，as引導(dǎo)的動作是延續(xù)性的動作，一般用于主句和從句動作同時發(fā)生；as也可以強調(diào)“一先一后。例如：

We always sing as we walk.我們總是邊走邊唱。（as表示“一邊……一邊”）

As we was going out, it began to snow.當(dāng)我們出門時，開始下雪了。（as強調(diào)句中兩個動作緊接著先后發(fā)生，而不強調(diào)開始下雪的特定時間）

2.由before和after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。注意before引導(dǎo)的從句不再用否定式的謂語，并且當(dāng)before引導(dǎo)的從句位于主句之后，有時譯成“就，才”。還要注意主句和從句之間的時間關(guān)系。當(dāng)主句用將來時，從句總是用現(xiàn)在時；如果before引導(dǎo)的從句謂語用的是過去時，則主句動詞多用過去完成時，這樣以便體現(xiàn)動作發(fā)生的先后。After表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。主句和從句的動作的時間關(guān)系正好與before引導(dǎo)的從句相反。例如：

It will be four days before they come back.他們要過四天才能回來。

Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.愛因斯坦幾乎把我撞倒才看到我。

My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.我父親恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。

They had not been married four months before they were divorced.他們結(jié)婚還不到四個月就離婚了。

After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔細考慮過以后，告訴我你是怎樣決定的。

After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我們回家了。（從句用過去完成時，主句用一般過去時）

3.由till或until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。till和until一般情況下兩者可以互換，但是在強調(diào)句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞時，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達的意思不同。例如：

I didn't go to bed until（till）my father came back.直到我父親回來我才上床睡覺。

It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.直到散會之后他才開始教我英語。

I worked until he came back.我工作到他回來為止。

I didn't work until he came back.他回來我這才開始工作。

Please wait until I arrived.在我到達之前請等我。

4.由since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。since引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞，又可以是瞬時動詞。一般情況下，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時，而主句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。但在It is ＋時間＋since從句的句型中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：

I have been in Beijing since you left.自從你離開以來，我一直在北京了。

Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你見面以后，你到哪里去了？

It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。

It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我們老板離開北京有五個月了。

5.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。這些連詞都表示“一……就”。例如：

I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.吃完早飯，我立即到那里去。

The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.我一聽到消息，馬上趕到了出事地點。

As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就給你來電話。

【注意】hardly(scarcely, rarely)…when / before, no sooner…than相當(dāng)于as soon as之意。主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時。當(dāng)hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首時，主句應(yīng)用倒裝語序。例如：

He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.他剛到家，就被邀請開始另一旅程。

No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.太陽剛從地平線上升起，他就起床勞動去了。

Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我剛坐下，他就進來了。

He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder.這個阿拉伯人剛要入睡就感到肩膀上被輕輕一觸。

6.由by the time引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。注意時態(tài)的變化：在一般情況下，如果從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時，主句的謂語動詞用過去完成時；如果主句的謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句的謂語動詞用將來完成時。例如：

By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回來時，我已經(jīng)寫完這本書了。

By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work.你明天來這兒的時候，我將已經(jīng)完成此工作了。

7.由each time, every time和whenever引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。例如：

Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me.他每次來哈爾濱，總是來看我。

Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie.每當(dāng)那個人說“說實在話”的時候，我猜想他就要說謊了。

You grow younger every time I see you.每次遇到你，見你更年輕了。

8.由as long as和so long as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。這兩個連詞表示“有多久……就多久”。例如：

You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark.你可以隨意到哪里去，只要在天黑以前回來就行。

I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body!只要我一息尚存，我就要反對這種境況。

三 地點狀語從句

§4地點狀語從句(adverbial clause of place)

地點狀語從句一般由連接副詞where, wherever等引導(dǎo)，已經(jīng)形成了固定的句型，例如：

句型1：Where＋地點從句，（there）＋主句。

【注意】此句型通常譯成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在從句后面時，there可用可不用；如果主句在從句的前面時，一般都不用there。例如：

Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在沒有雨水的地方，耕作是困難的，或根本不可能的。

They were good persons.Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.他們都是好人。因此他們走到哪里都受到熱烈歡迎。

You should have put the book where you found it.你本來應(yīng)該把書放回原來的地方。

Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中國共產(chǎn)黨，哪里人民得解放。

句型2：Anywhere/ wherever＋地點從句，＋主句。

【注意】anywhere本身是個副詞，但是，?？梢砸龑?dǎo)從句，相當(dāng)于連詞，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是個連詞，表示“在何處，無論何處”。例如：

Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海員

同位語

一個名詞(或其它形式)對另一個名詞或代詞進行修飾，限定或說明，這個名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語。同位語與被它限定的詞的格要一致，并常常緊挨在一起。

1.由兩個或兩個以上同一層次的語言單位組成的結(jié)構(gòu),其中前項與后項所指相同,句法功能也相同,后項是前項的同位語。

Mr.Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.我們的新老師史密斯先生對我們很好。

Mr.Smith是主詞our new teacher的同位語,指同一人。

Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother's.昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友湯姆。

a friend of my brother's是受詞Tom的同位語,指同一人。

2.如同位語與其同位成分關(guān)系緊密時不用逗點隔開;如同位語對其同位成分只作補充解釋時可用逗點隔開。

He himself told me that his brother John is a world-famous doctor.他本人對我講,他的兄長約翰是一位世界聞名的醫(yī)生。

himself和John都是單一的字作同位語,與其同位成分之間不用逗點隔開。

Yesterday I talked to my English teacher, Mr.James.昨天我與我的英語老師詹姆斯先生談過了。

同位語Mr.James補充解釋my English teacher,同位語與其同位成分之間可用逗點隔開。

3.同位語除表示其同位成分的全部意義外,還可以表示部分意義。

We Chinese people are brave and hardworking.我們中國人民是勤勞勇敢的。

He is interested in sports, especially ball games.他喜歡運動,特別是球類運動。

同位從句一般跟在某些名詞如answer(答案)，hope(希望)，fact(事實)，belief(信仰)，news(消息)，idea(主意；觀念)，promise(承諾)，information(信息)，conclusion(結(jié)論)，order(命令)，suggestion(建議)，problem(問題)，thought(想法)等后面。例如： He always works hard even if he knows the fact that he is not in good health.His failure was due to the fact that he had not practised for a long time.I had no idea that you were here.She told us her hope that she would become a pianist.He made a promise that he would never come late.注意： that 既可引導(dǎo)同位語從句又可引導(dǎo)定語從句，其區(qū)別在于：同位語從句由連接詞that引導(dǎo)，連接詞that本身無意義，在同位語從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，不可省略，不可以用其他詞替代；定語從句由關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系代詞that在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分，作賓語時可省略，由when, why, where引導(dǎo)的 同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別在于： 同位語從句由連接副詞只起連接作用，沒有指代作用； 定語從句由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系副詞具有指代先行詞的作用，常用一個介詞加關(guān)系代詞替換。例如:I will never forget the day when we first met.（同位語從句, when為連接詞）That is the special day(which/that)I will never forget.（定語從句，which/that為關(guān)系副詞）This is the house where we lived fifteen years ago.（同位語從句, where為連接詞）This is the house which we sold fifteen years ago.（定語從句，where為關(guān)系副詞）

區(qū)分表語從句和同位語從句

從句是相對于主句而言的，即它是從屬于某一個主句，而不能單獨作一個句子。在英語中，主要有三大從句，即名詞性從句（包括主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句）、形容詞性從句（即定語從句）、副詞性從句（即狀語從句,包括時間、條件、結(jié)果、目的、原因、讓步、地點、方式等）。

主語從句用作主語，如：：

That the earth is round is true.地球為圓的是真實的。

賓語從句用作賓語。如：

Do you know where he lives?

表語從句用作表語，如：

My opinion is that you should not go alone.我的意見是你不應(yīng)單獨前往。

同位語從句用于解釋說明前面的名詞。如：

The fact that the earth is round is true.地球是圓的的事實是真實的。（that從句用于解釋說明the fact）

定語從句相當(dāng)于一個形容詞，用于修飾前面的名詞。如：

The student who answered the question was John.回答問題的學(xué)生是John.狀語從句相當(dāng)于一個副詞，如：

When it rains, I usually go to school by bus.天下雨時，我通常坐公共汽車上學(xué)。（時間狀語）

If he comes tomorrow, you will see him.如果他明天來，你就可以看見他。（if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：if +狀語從句，＋主句）。要注意在狀語從句中有一個規(guī)則是“主將從現(xiàn)”，即主句是將來時，則從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。

主句和從句的劃分方法是相同的。句子的成分從謂語動詞處來劃分比較容易。謂語動詞前面的部分是主語，后面常接賓語，修飾謂語動詞的是狀語，修飾主語、賓語的是定語，若謂語是系動詞，則系動詞后的部分是表語。如：

I am a teacher.其中，I 是主語，am是謂語，a teacher 是表語。

He likes playing football very mucy.其中，he是主語，likes是謂語，playing football是賓語，very much是狀語。

參考資料：http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/45927224.html?fr=qrl

第三篇：高中賓語從句詳細講解與練習(xí)（精選）

賓語從句講與練

在復(fù)合句中用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。1．語序

無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都必須使用陳述語序，即“主句＋連詞＋賓語從句（主語＋謂語＋??）”句式。根據(jù)連接詞在從句中所擔(dān)任的不同成分，可分為以下四種：

1）連接詞＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語。常見的連接詞有： who，what，which等。如： Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎？

The small children don't know what is in their stockings．這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什么東西？ 2）連接詞＋名詞＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語的定語。常見的連接詞有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：

He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他問我們班上誰的書法最好。

The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老師問我們房間里有多少人。3）連接詞＋主語＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語、狀語或表語。常見的連接詞有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much，when，why，how，where，if ／whether（在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分）等。如： He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他還沒決定是否去無錫旅行。

Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎？

4）連接詞＋名詞＋主語＋謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語或表語的定語。常見的連接詞有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：

Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪個班嗎？

She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。2．連接詞

1）當(dāng)由陳述句充當(dāng)賓語從句時，用that引導(dǎo)，that無詞義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如： He said that he could finish his work before supper．他說他會在晚飯前完成工作。2）當(dāng)由一般疑問句充當(dāng)賓語從句時，用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”。如：

I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道這么多年后他是否還住在這兒。但在下列情況下只能用whether：

①在具有選擇意義，又有or或or not時，尤其是直接與or not連用時，往往用whether（if?or not也可以使用）。如：

Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）讓我知道他是否能來。

I don't know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。

I wonder whether we stay or whether wego．我不知道我們是去還是留。②在介詞之后用whether。如：

I'm interested in whether he likes English．我關(guān)心的是他是否喜歡英語。

We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我們正在考慮是否能按時完成這項工作。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。③在不定式前用whether。如：

He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。

He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。④whether置于句首時，不能換用if。如：

Whether this is true or not，I can't say．這是否真的我說不上來。⑤引導(dǎo)主語從句和表語從句時宜用whether。如：

Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能來還是個問題。

The question is whether we can catch the bus．問題是我們能否趕上公共汽車。⑥若用if會引起歧義時，則用whether。如：

Please let me know if you like the book．可理解為：

a．Please let me know whether you like the book．請告訴我你是否喜歡這本書。b．If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜歡這本書，請告訴我。3）如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句，只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)。如：

Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告訴我今天早上你為什么開會遲到嗎？ 3．時態(tài)

含賓語從句的復(fù)合句，主、從句謂語動詞的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)應(yīng)包括以下三點內(nèi)容：

1）如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句的謂語動詞可根據(jù)需要，選用相應(yīng)的任何時態(tài)。如： I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他將何時回來。

He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來了。

2）如果主句的謂語動詞是過去時，賓語從句的謂語動詞只可根據(jù)需要，選用過去時態(tài)即一般過去時、過去進行時、過去將來時或過去完成時的某一種形式。如： ①The children didn't know who he was．孩子們不知道他是誰。

②He asked his father how it happened．他問他父親這件事是如何發(fā)生的。

3）如果賓語從句所表示的是客觀事實、普遍真理、自然現(xiàn)象或習(xí)慣性動作等，不管主句用什么時態(tài)，從句時態(tài)都用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老師說地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。4．注意：

if和when既可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)狀語從句，應(yīng)注意它們在兩種從句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，分別意為“是否”和“何時”，其時態(tài)應(yīng)和主句時態(tài)相呼應(yīng)；它們引導(dǎo)狀語從句時，意思分別為“如果，假如”和“當(dāng)??時候”，當(dāng)主句時態(tài)是一般將來時時，其時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時。它們常常放在含有狀語從句和賓語從句的題干中進行綜合考查。如：

—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？你知道他明天什么時候回來嗎？

—Sorry，I don't know．When he comes back，I'll tell you．對不起，不知道。當(dāng)他回來了，我將告訴你。—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否會來。—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨，他會來的。簡化賓語從句常用六法

同學(xué)們常會遇到把含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)化為簡單句，使其與原句意思相同（或相近）的試題。下面就介紹幾種常用的簡化賓語從句的方法：

方法一：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是hope，decide，wish，choose，agree，promise等，且賓語從句的主語與主句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon.→Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him.→We decided to help him.方法二：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等動詞，且主句主語與從句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

She has forgotten how she can open the window.→She has forgotten how to open the window.注：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是tell，ask，show，teach等動詞，且后帶雙賓語，從句主語和間接賓語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the station？

方法三：當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是order（命令），require（需要）等時，如果主句和從句的主語不一致，賓語從句可簡化為“名詞（代詞）+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.→ The headmaster ordered us to start at once.方法四：某些動詞后的賓語從句，可以用介詞加動名詞（短語）等其他形式簡化。例如：

He insisted that he should go with us.→He insisted on going with us.The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born.→The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.方法五：某些動詞后面的賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“賓語+V-ing形式（作賓語補足語）”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.→ Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.方法六：動詞seem后的賓語從句，也可以用不定式（短語）來簡化，但句型需要進行適當(dāng)?shù)淖兓?。例如?/p>

It seemed that the boys were going to win.→The boys seemed to win.除上述方法外，還有一些特殊句式的轉(zhuǎn)化。例如：

I found that it was difficult to learn English well.→I found it difficult to learn English well.Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow.→Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.They found that the box was very heavy.→They found the box very heavy.高中賓語從句練習(xí)題及答案詳解 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 1.The place _______interested me most was the years old.Children's Palace.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom A.Which B.where C.what D.in which 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the 2.Do you know the man _______? country?

A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke C.I spoke to D.that A.who B.who's C.which D.whose I spoke 14.I'm interested in ______you have said.3.This is the hotel _______last month.A.all that B.all what C.that D.which A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed yesterday.4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese A.which B.who C.what D.as Communist Party was founded? 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A.which B.that C.when D.on which A.who B.whom C.that D.as 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when A.that B.as C.whom D.what 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very from here.much.A.where B.to which C.which D.in which A.I went with B.with whom I went C.with who I went 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the D.I went with him factory _______we are working.19.I don't like ______ as you read.A.where B.that C.which D.there A.the novels B.the such novels C.such novels D.8.This is one of the best films _______.same novels

A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown 20.He talked a lot about things and persons C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked ________they remembered in the school.9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.which B.that C.whom D.what A.about which you talked B.which you talked 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in C.about that you talked D.that you talked Beijing.10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.which B.that C.whom D.who A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a ____are women.small boy.A.them B.which C.whom D.who A.whom B.who C.which D.that 23.You're the only person ______I've ever met

______could do it.A.who;/ B./;whom C.whom;/ D./;who

24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A.whose title B.its title C.the title of it D.the title of that

25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A.for which B.for that C.in which D.what

26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised 38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A.that B.which C.who D.as

39.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A./ B.why C.when D.whose

40.Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.on TV.A.that B.which C.as D.it

27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when

28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.which B.whose C.what D./

29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which 30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B.which I have looked after

C.that I have looked after D.I have looked after 31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A.why;that B.that;why C.for that;that D.for which;what

32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which

34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which

35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which

36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A.who B.which C.that D.it

37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A.that B.which C.from that D.from which

A.that B.which C.it D.though

41.---Did you ask the guard _______ happened?---Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A.what;that B.what;what C.which;which D.that;that

42.I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with

the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A.when;who B.that;which C.which;that D.when;which

43.The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A.owns;are B.owns;is C.own;is D.own;are

44.During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed 45.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it

46.The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.A.which;what B.through which;what C.through that;what D.what;that

47.Is _______ some German friends visited last week? A.this school B.this the school C.this school one D.this school where

48.John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A.as B.that C.what D.who

49.I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A.none of them B.neither of them C.neither of which D.none of which

50.All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have been

參考答案及解析

1.A.which用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。

2．C.“和誰講話”要說speak to sb.本題全句應(yīng)為Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是關(guān)系代詞，作介詞to的賓語，可以省略。

3.D.where是關(guān)系副詞，表示地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。

4.C.when是關(guān)系副詞，表示時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。

5．A.which是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語。其他幾個答案都不能作賓語。

6．C.解析同第5題。

7.A.解析見第3題。

8.A.本句話的先行詞應(yīng)該是films,因此，關(guān)系代詞that是負數(shù)概念，其謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)述的被動語態(tài)have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞the，則the one應(yīng)該視為先行詞。

9.A.“談到某事物”應(yīng)說talk about sth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語，不能用that。

10.A.with which是”介詞+關(guān)系代詞“結(jié)構(gòu),常用來引導(dǎo)定語從句.with有”用“的意思,介詞之后只能用which,不能用that.with which在定語從句中作狀語,即he is writing with a pen.11.C.in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse.In front of which在從句中作狀語.12.D.with whom引導(dǎo)定語從句.with whom放在從句中即為:my father works with the engineer.13.D.whose引導(dǎo)定語從句,在從句中作主語family的定語.14.A.that引導(dǎo)定語從句,因為先行詞是all,所以只能選用that引導(dǎo).15.D.the same……..as是固定用法, as引導(dǎo)定語從句時,可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本句話中,as作從句的主語.16.D.such……… as是固定用法,as引導(dǎo)定語從句時,可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本題中,as作表語.17.B.as作關(guān)系代詞可以單獨用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。這時as所指代的不是主句中某個名詞，而往往指代整個主句的含義。as在從句中可以作主語、賓語。從句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作賓語.18.B.Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定語從句.with whom放在從句中為:I went to the concert with Li Ming.19.C.as引導(dǎo)定語從句時通常構(gòu)成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。Such修飾單數(shù)名詞時,要用such a……..,本題中such books, such直接修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞.20.B.things和persons是先行詞.當(dāng)定語從句要修飾的先行詞是既表示人,又表示物的名詞時,其關(guān)系代詞要用that.21.D.who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,who作從句的主語.22.C.two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.23.D.先行詞person后有兩個定語從句,第一個從句省略了關(guān)系代詞whom.因為, whom作從句中met的賓語,可以省略.第二個從句who could do it.who在從句中作主語,不可省略.24.A.whose title引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,whose title也可以說成the title of which

25.A.for which 引導(dǎo)定語從句,使用介詞for,是來自于從句中的固定短語 be famous for ”以……..而聞名".26.C.當(dāng)先行詞被such修飾時,引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞要用as.As在本從句中作主語.27.A.兩個先行詞the day都是表示時間的名詞,但第一個空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語,因此要用關(guān)系副詞when.第二個空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作動詞spent的賓語,因此要用關(guān)系代詞which或that來引導(dǎo)定語從句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等詞后的定語從句中，常用that來代替“in(或其他介詞)+which”、when或where，而that?？墒÷?。

29.D.for which在定語從句中作原因狀語,可用why 來替代.30.B.which I have looked after 構(gòu)成一個非限制性定語從句.31.A.The reason why… was that….已成為一種固定句型，這一句中的why和that不能隨意換位，也不能將that改成because，盡管that這個詞在譯文中可能有 “因為”的含義。

32.B.非限制性定語從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個含義.33.A.解釋見28題.34.D.主句中的two表明不能選A.從句中的are表明不能選B.both of which用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句.35.C.as引導(dǎo)定語從句時通常構(gòu)成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。本題中as作從句的主語.36.B.非限制性定語從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個含義.37.D.38.D.解析見35題.39.A.he makes是定語從句, 從句前省略了關(guān)系代詞that.40.B.which is a bad habit 非限制性定語從句.41.A.what happened是賓語從句.all 之后that he knew是定語從句.先行詞是all,所以關(guān)系代詞只能用that.42.D.years是表示時間的名詞,用when引導(dǎo)定語從句,是因為when在從句中作時間狀語.第二個空選用which,引導(dǎo)一個非限制性定語從句.43.C.本句話的定語從句是who own cars.其先行詞是people,因此,定語從句的謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)的own。本句話主句的主語是The number of指“…..的數(shù)目”，是單數(shù)概念。因此，主句的謂語動詞要用is。

44.D.that followed是定語從句，關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作主語。

45.A.先行詞gas被only修飾，關(guān)系代詞要用that，而不用which。

46.B.through which引導(dǎo)定語從句，through which即through the hole,在定語從句中作狀語。What引導(dǎo)的是see的賓語從句，并作從句的主語。

47.B.為便于理解，改寫本句話：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week.不難看出，作表語的the school是先行詞。that引導(dǎo)了定語從句，因為that同時又作visited的賓語，所以被省略了。其它選項結(jié)構(gòu)不對。

48.A.解釋見35題。

49.C.因為是two ballpens, 并且定語從句的謂語writes是單數(shù)概念。因此，C是正確選項。

50.B.本句話中，主句的主語是all,為抽象概念。因此，其謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)的has been。關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中作主語。

第四篇：賓語從句感嘆句練習(xí)

Yes.There are ______ many people who like to watch it.A.What;such B.How;so C.What an;so D.How;such 16．---______ hard work you have done!

---It’s very kind of you to say so.A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 17．______terrible the weather is these days!A.What B.What a C.How 18．_________ wonderful time we have had!A.How B.How a C.What D.What a 19．The 2018 World Cup __________ in Russia.How ________________ is!A.will be held;exciting a news B.will taken place;an exciting news C.will be taken place;exciting the news D.will hold;an exciting news 21．---________ good time we had at the party last night!---Yes． It was ________ exciting party that I would never forget it． A．What;so B．How;such C．What a;such an D．How a;so an 22．______ nice time the boys had playing football with the national team last Sunday!

A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 23．______ exciting sport it is to climb the mountains!A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 24．Don’t wait for people to be friendly, show them ______ a friendly person you are.A.what B.how C.when D.where 25．_________ fantastic time they had playing hide-and-seek in the park!A.How B.What C.How a D.What a 26．________ useful invention(發(fā)明)the computer is!A.What a B.What an C.How a D.How an 27．—_____ good news he brought us yesterday!—Yes, all the students were very excited．

A．What a B．What C．How D．How a 29．---He got a full mark in the last exam.---Oh, ______ he is!A.how a clever B.what a clever guy C.what clever D.what clever guy 30．________ great progress Little Jack has made!He made ______ few careless mistakes in the final.A.How;so B.What an;so C.What;so D.What;such 31．______ beautiful music!A.What an B.How C.What D.What a 32．—__________ hard work you have done!— It’s very kind of you to say so.A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 33． ________ great fun it is!And ________ good time they are having!A.What, what a B.What a, how C.How a, how D.How, how a 34．________delicious food it is!A.How

B.How a

C.What a

D.What 35．——Simon has got 95 points in the math test!——Wow!______________ he has made!A.How great the progress B.What a great progress C.How great progress D.What great progress 36．______ good time they have!A.How B.How a C.What D.What a 37．_____exciting the news is!A.What an B.What C.How D.How an 39． __________from Beijing to London!A.How long way it is B.What a long way it is

C.How long way is it D.What a long way is it 40．_____ good information!I have never heard _____ wonderful news.A.What a, such a B.How, so C.What, such D.How, so a 42．—Have you heard of the songs sung by the first lady---Peng Liyuan? —Of course!___________ beautiful voice she has!—I agree.A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 43．___________nice the ice cream looks!I can't wait to taste it.A.How a B.How C.What a D.What 44．—Line 3 of the Nanjing Metro will be in use in 2014.—Wow, ________!A.how excited the news is B.what an excited news C.how exciting news D.what exciting news 45．—It is said that the scientists have found new ways to deal with AIDS.— ________ wonderful news it is!A.How B.What an C.How a D.What 46．— ________ fine weather it is today!— Let’s go for a picnic.A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 47．________ the small town is!A.What beautiful B.What a beautiful C.How beautifully D.How beautiful 48．_____ good time we are having!A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 50．―It’s a piece of good news.‖ ―Yes.________ good news it is!‖ A.What B.What a C.How D.How a

第五篇：賓語從句專項練習(xí)

賓語從句專項練習(xí)

一．（1）The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 ____ Christmas Day．

A． isB． wasC． has beenD． will be

（2）The teacher said that the earth _______round the sun．

A． goesB． goC． wentD． will go

（3）“Could you tell me______?” “ Yes． They ____ to the library．”

A． where are the twins，have been B． where were the twins，have been

C． where the twins are，have gone D，where the twins were，have gone

（4）Our father said that he ______ a new computer next week．

A． will buyB． have boughtC． would buyD． buys

（5）I hear that he ______ to Beijing yesterday．

A． goesB． will goC． wentD． have gone

二．()1.What did Mike say? He said ____________________.A.if you are free the next weekB.what colour was it

C.the weather is fineD.summer comes after spring

()2.Tom asked my friend ________________.A.where was he fromB.that the earth is bigger than the moon

C.when did he come backD.not to be so angry

()3.Let me tell you __________________.A.how much is the carB.how much does the car cost

C.how much did I pay for the carD.how much I spent on the car

()4.Peter knew _______________.A.whether he has finished reading the book

B.why the boy had so many questions

C.there were 12 months in a yearD.when they will leave for Paris

()5.Could you tell me ___________?

A.where do you liveB.who you are waiting for

C.who were you waiting forD.where you live in

()6.I can't understand ______the boy alone.A.why she left B.why did she leaveC.why she had left D.why had she left

()7.She told me the sun ______ in the east.A.riseB.roseC.risesD.had risen

()8.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.A.why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D.why he got

()9.The manager came up to see __________.A.what was the matterB.what the matter was

C.what the matter isD.what's the matter

()10.He asked his father _______.A.where it happensB.where did it happen

C.how it happenedD.how did it happen

()11.No one tells us______, so we need your help.A.how we should doB.what should we do

C.how to do itD.what to do it

()12.Could you please teach me _______ the computer.A.how checkB.to checkC.how to checkD.to how checking

()13.They don't know _______their parents are.A thatB whatC whyD which

()14.─Where do you think ______ he _____ the TV set?

─ Sorry, I've no idea.A./, boughtB.has, boughtC.did, buyD.did bought

()15.Our hometown has changed a lot.Who can tell ___ it would be like in ___ five years.A.how, anotherB.what, moreC.how ,otherD.what, another

()16.─ Could you tell me ______? ─ Yes.He ____ to the USA.A.where is he/ has beenB.where he is/ has gone

C.where was he/ has beenD.where he was/ has gone

()17.─Mike wants to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.─Yes.But if it _______, we'll visit the museum instead.A.you have/ will rainB.you will have/ will rain

C.you will have/ rainsD.will you have/ rains

()18.I really don't know if she _______ it when she ________.A.finds/ arrivesB.finds/ will arrive

C.will find/ will arriveD.will find/ arrives

()19.Miss Liu said ______ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what

()20.He asked me _______.A.who will kick the first goal in the World Cup

B.when was the APEC meeting held

C.when China became a member of the WTO

D.where the 2008 Olympics will be held

()21.In the bookshop , a reader asked the shopkeeper ______ Who Moved My Cheese wasan

interesting book.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if

()22.You must remember _______.A.what your teacher saidB.what did your teacher say

C.your teacher said whatD.what has your teacher said

()23.I don”t know ______.A.which room I can liveB.which room can I live

C.which room I can live inD.which room can I live in

()24.－－Do you know when he ______ back ?

－－Sorry , I don”t.When he _______back , I”ll tell you.A.comes;comesB.comes;will come

C.will come;comesD.will come;will come

()25 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.will take

()26 Mary said that she ___ to Guangzhou.A.has never goneB.had never goneC.has never beenD.had never been

()27 The students want to know whether they___ a PE class today.A.hadB.hasC.will haveD.are

()28.Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?

A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that

()29.I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where

()30.Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?

A.whatB whenC whyD how