第一篇：賓語(yǔ)從句教案

賓語(yǔ)從句教案

This lesson we will learn object clause.I divided my lesson into three parts: the structure of a sentence, what is object clause, then do some practice.First, let’s come to the first one.Sentence structure:

What is subject: it refers what’s the sentence talking about.And it is usually put at the first of the sentence.E.g.1.I enjoy reading.2.Playing basketball is interesting.3.Lily loves running.We know that the subject is “I, Playing basketball, Lily”

Next is what’s the verb.Verb meaning how’s the object or what’s the subject doing.Look at the example sentences, we know that the verb is “enjoy, is, loves” Then let’s come to the object.It refers to the result of the verb.And usually put behind the verbs or prep.We get to know “reading, interesting, running” is the object.Ok, let’s come to here.One sentence: I know you.We just learn that I is the subject.Know is the verb, and you is the object.We call this sentence simple sentence.Let’s look at another sentence: I know who you are.We know I is the subject, know is verb and who you are is the object, right? So It change ya word into a sentence who you are, we call this object clause.Then who is the introducer, and you is the subject of the clause, are is the verb of the clause.I know is the main sentence and who you are is the object clause.接下來我們學(xué)習(xí)賓語(yǔ)從句的定義：賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：主句+引導(dǎo)詞+賓語(yǔ)從句。

接下來我們看到下面四個(gè)句子：1.I'm afraid that I can't remember your name.2.He wondered whether you went to school yesterday.3.Lily knew why she came here.4.My teacher told me how I can get the right answer.然后學(xué)生找出賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，然后找出賓語(yǔ)從句。

接下來講解賓語(yǔ)從句三要素：引導(dǎo)詞，語(yǔ)序，時(shí)態(tài)。在這里特別提醒同學(xué)們注意第三點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)。引導(dǎo)詞：that連接陳述句 if/whether連接一般疑問句

特殊疑問詞如what, how, when, why, how much...連接特殊疑問句 語(yǔ)序：尤其注意，從句一定使用陳述語(yǔ)序。時(shí)態(tài)：

1.主句：現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)

從句：時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定 eg.I know she went to Beijing yesterday.2.主句：過去時(shí)態(tài)

從句：相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)

eg.Mike believed that Ken couldn't finish the work alone.3.客觀事實(shí)，真理，公式，定理時(shí)

從句：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

eg.She told me that the earth turns around the earth.練習(xí)題：

Lucy asked ___there was a match on TV

A.that

B.if

C.how

D.what He didn’t say___this afternoon.A.that he will go there

B.how will he come

C.whether he would go there

D if he will go there I don’t know if he___.If he ___,please call me.A.will come;comes

B.comes;will come

C.will come;will come

D.comes;comes 最后check answer：BCA Thanks for your listening.

第二篇：《賓語(yǔ)從句》教案

中考專題復(fù)習(xí)《賓語(yǔ)從句》教案

設(shè)計(jì)人：王晶晶

一、課 標(biāo) 要 求

掌握賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞的用法 掌握賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序 掌握賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)

二、教 學(xué) 重 點(diǎn)

賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞、時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)序的用法

三、教 學(xué) 難 點(diǎn)

if/when引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句還是狀語(yǔ)從句 賓語(yǔ)從句中的“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”現(xiàn)象

四、教 具

多媒體課件

五、教 學(xué) 過 程

考點(diǎn)一:考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞

引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞主要有:that,if ,whether,what,who,which,how,where,when,why等．

對(duì)引導(dǎo)詞的選擇要注意三點(diǎn)：

１．陳述句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用that,口語(yǔ)中that常省略，無(wú)實(shí)義；

２．一般疑問句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用if或whether,意為“是否”（注意：當(dāng)和or not連用時(shí)必須用whether);３．特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用特殊疑問詞作引導(dǎo)詞，其意義要以特殊疑問詞本身的含義來確定．

考點(diǎn)二:考查賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序

賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序要用陳述語(yǔ)序,即主謂語(yǔ)序.Do you know where he lives? Can you tell me when the plane will arrive? I don’t know if/whether he will come.He asked how we could get there.考點(diǎn)三：考查賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)

1.主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)要根據(jù)句意而定，該用什么時(shí)態(tài)

就用什么時(shí)態(tài)．例如；

where he lives.I want to know what he is doing in the garden.when he will come here.how long he has been in China.2.主句是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)要變成相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)．例如: where he lived.（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^去時(shí)）I wanted to know what he was doing.(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時(shí))when he would come here.(一般將來時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去將來時(shí))how long he had been in China.(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí))注意:當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是客觀真理自然規(guī)律時(shí),不管主句用什么時(shí)態(tài),從句總用一

般現(xiàn)在時(shí).The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun.考點(diǎn)四：考查賓語(yǔ)從句的“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”現(xiàn)象 在“I think/believe/suppose+that”從句中，對(duì)從句的否定往往前移到主句的謂語(yǔ)部分，習(xí)慣上稱為“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”．

選一選

--Shall we invite our teacherto the party?--That’s a good idea.But I_____think she_____come.A.don’t;will B./;won’t C.won’t;will D.do;won’t 考點(diǎn)五：考查if/when引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句還是狀語(yǔ)從句 試比較一:I don’t know if he will come tomorrow.(if “是否”，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句．時(shí)態(tài)：根據(jù)句意該用什么時(shí)態(tài)就用什么時(shí)態(tài)）If he comes, we will go to the zoo．

（if“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句．時(shí)態(tài)：主句將來時(shí)，從句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）試比較二：I have no idea when he will come.（when“什么時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句）I will tell you when he comes.(when“當(dāng)...的時(shí)候”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)限時(shí)小測(cè)驗(yàn)

1.Do you remember________?

A.where did you buy the dictionary B.where you bought the dictionary C.where do you buy the dictionary D.where you buy the dictionary 2.—Could you tell me __________?-Sorry, I don’t know.You can ask the Policeman over there.A.where the science museum is B.how can I get to the science museum C.where is the science museum D.the science museum is where 3.Can you tell us ________________________? A.If your father does B.what does your father do C.Your father does what D.what your father does 4.Do you know ____________________? A.what are you listening B.what you are listening C.What you are listening to D.what are you listening to 5.I don’t know if his uncle____.I think he_____if it doesn’t rain.A.will come, comes B.will come, will come C.comes, comes D.comes, will come 6.I don’t know when Mr Green_______.When he _____,you must tell me.A.comes back, comes back B.will come back, comes back C.will come back, will come back D.comes back, will come back 7.We don’t know if it_______tomorrow.If it______, we will go hiking.A.will rain, won’t rain B.rains, doesn’t rain C.will rain, doesn’t rain D.rains, won’t rain 8．--Shall we invite our teacherto the party?--That’s a good idea.But I_____think she_____come.A.don’t;will B./;won’t C.won’t;will D.do;won’t 9.My uncle remembered＿＿＿＿＿．

A.when we moved to the town B.when did we move to the town C.when we move to the town D.when do we move to the town 10.We were told that light______much faster than sound.A.Travelled B.travels C.was D.will be 11.—Could you tell us how long___________?-About three days.A.does the sports meeting last B.the sports meeting lasts C.will the sports meeting last D.the sports meeting will last 12.Mr King didn’t know_____yesterday evening.A.when does his son come back B.when his son comes back C.when did his son come back D.when his son came back 13.They wondered if the teacher____them some English songs the next week A.would teach B.had taught C.will teach D.taught 14.--Could you tell me___ she is looking for?--Her cousin, Sue.A.that B.whose C.who D.which 15.Do you know___ we will talk about at tomorrow’s meeting? A.what B.that C.where D.how 16.The teacher asked me___I needed any help.A.whether B.that C.what D.which

第三篇：賓語(yǔ)從句教案

賓語(yǔ)從句教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì) 板書：He knows me.He knows what’s wrong with his wife.說出2個(gè)句子的賓語(yǔ)。

說出2個(gè)句子的賓語(yǔ)是詞（詞組）還是句子。

第一個(gè)句子的賓語(yǔ)是一個(gè)詞構(gòu)成的，第二個(gè)句子的賓語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子，我們稱這種做賓語(yǔ)的句子叫賓語(yǔ)從句。其中 he knows 叫主句，what’s wrong with him是從句。

說出下面4個(gè)句子的主句和從句。

A．He said that he had a very good journey home.B．He asked if /whether they had come.C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun.D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office.總結(jié)：。是主句，剩下的是由that，if，how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。

初步認(rèn)識(shí)了賓語(yǔ)從句，下面我們開始了解賓語(yǔ)從句的三要素 引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語(yǔ)序 時(shí)態(tài)

1）從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)陳述句賓語(yǔ)從句，在口語(yǔ)或者非正式語(yǔ)中可以被省略 比如上面四句話中的A,C就是that引導(dǎo)的陳述句的賓語(yǔ)從句。如果省略掉that，該如何修改。（讓學(xué)生口頭修改）2）由從屬連詞 whether, if 引導(dǎo)一般疑問句的賓語(yǔ)從句，表示“是否”，比如上面的B就是由if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，3）由連接代詞

who,whom,whose,which,what, whoever, whichever, whatever 和連接副詞 where, how, why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略，比如上面的D。注意：關(guān)于是否if/whether.Whether,if 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句：兩詞可互換，但是下列情形除外：

1)．whether從句中有or not

2)．whether從句做介詞賓語(yǔ)

3)whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.4)在不定式前只能用whether.（如：I can’t decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下。）

5)避免歧異時(shí)，我們常用whether而不用if.Paper課堂

1.I asked her __________ she had a bike.2.We’re worried about ________ he is safe.3.I don’t know ________ or not he is well.4.I don’t know _______ to go.繼續(xù)觀察上面的四句話，請(qǐng)問賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序有什么特點(diǎn)？（陳述句語(yǔ)序）不管原來的句子是陳述句，一般疑問句還是特殊疑問句，放在賓語(yǔ)從句里都是陳述句語(yǔ)序。

（板書）改寫賓語(yǔ)從句。陳述句Doctor Li is very patient.It is well-known that _____.一般疑問句Is Doctor Li very patient? John wants to know __________(用if或者whether引導(dǎo))特殊疑問句How is Doctor LI? John wants to know ____ 練習(xí)

Part 1 課堂練習(xí)（paper）

Mike gets up at seven in the morning.He says that---Mike gets up at seven in the morning

The teacher asks--if Mike gets up at seven in the morning..The teacher asks what time---Mike gets up in the morning.我們已經(jīng)了解了賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞和語(yǔ)序，下面我們來學(xué)習(xí)下賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)。（卡片，貼在上面時(shí)態(tài)的旁邊）口訣：主現(xiàn)從任意

主過從過去 從真理用現(xiàn)在 一張paper發(fā) 朗讀并且分析主句從句的時(shí)態(tài) 1． 主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可用任意時(shí)態(tài)?？蓺w納為“主現(xiàn)從任意”

Do you know what time the ship leaves? Do you know when John was born? Do you know if John has passed his exams? 2． 主句用過去時(shí)，從句用過去的某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)?？蓺w納為“主過從過去” He said he had a very good journey home.He asked if they had come.3．主句用過去時(shí)，從句是科學(xué)真理、客觀常識(shí)、名人格言時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

He told me that the earth goes around the sun.(自然真理客觀現(xiàn)象)He didn’t know that summer comes after spring when he was five years old.注意：4情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could/would用于，“請(qǐng)求”，表示委婉、客氣的語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，從句不受主句的約束。

Could you tell me where I can buy a pencil sharpener?

5主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句中有具體的過去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，即使從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作前，仍用一般過去時(shí)。

? The teacher told me she was born in 1960.? I heard that he went to Paris last night.賓語(yǔ)從句的一些特殊句式

? 1動(dòng)詞think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后it為形式賓語(yǔ)，后跟名詞或形容詞作賓補(bǔ)，而真正的賓語(yǔ)——that從句則放在句尾）We think it our duty that we should help others.I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.2.否定轉(zhuǎn)移

若主句主語(yǔ)為第一人稱且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，其后的賓語(yǔ)從句含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語(yǔ)上，從句謂語(yǔ)用肯定式。

I think he won’t come here.（）I don’t think he will come here.（）

2.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞正好做主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，語(yǔ)序不變，比如常用的what和who Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？

The small children don't know what is in their stockings What’s wrong?（what was wrong）What’s the matter?（what was the matter）

What’s happening? What happened? eg:

I don’t know what’s the matter.I don’t know what the matter is.(F)Can you tell me who is over there?（who做主語(yǔ)）Can you tell me who he is ?（who做表語(yǔ)）連接詞

語(yǔ)序

引導(dǎo)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) 時(shí)態(tài)

第四篇：初中賓語(yǔ)從句教案

教學(xué)內(nèi)容：

賓語(yǔ)從句的定義

劃出下面的賓語(yǔ)部分 I know him.He runs a big shoe factory.We grow lots of vegetables.He told me the news.I hear that you have passed the examination.置于動(dòng)詞、介詞和形容詞（afraid,sure,glad等）等詞性后面起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序必須是陳述語(yǔ)序。

大多數(shù)及物動(dòng)詞都可以帶賓語(yǔ)從句，如think, hope, wish, believe ,say ,know ,hear ,tell ,remember ,forget等，常用來引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的形容詞有： sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised。He told me（that）he would go to college the next year.We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.I am sorry I am late.I am sure I will pass the exam.賓語(yǔ)從句主要考點(diǎn)梳理 一.賓語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞的用法

在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)詞有： 連詞：that(that 常可省略),whether, if 代詞：who, whose, what ,which ,whoever, whatever, whichever 副詞：when ,where, how, why 等。

（一）that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（在非正式場(chǎng)合that可以省略）可跟that從句做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：

say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。

例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.注意事項(xiàng)：當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等詞，而賓語(yǔ)從句的意思是否定時(shí)，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。例句：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.在以下情況中that不能省略

1.當(dāng)句中的動(dòng)詞后接多于兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可省，但后面的that不可省。例句：He said(that)you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.2.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與that賓語(yǔ)從句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)，that一般不可省。

例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.3.當(dāng)that從句是雙賓語(yǔ)中的直接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不可省。例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.注意事項(xiàng)：如果從句太長(zhǎng)，可以用形式賓語(yǔ)it.例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我認(rèn)為每天多喝開水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我沒去聚會(huì),感覺非常遺憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天寫日記成了習(xí)慣.We all find it important that we(should)make a quick decision about this mater.我們都認(rèn)為對(duì)這件事馬上做出決定很重要.（二）由whether,if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

由whether(if)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，實(shí)際上是一般疑問句演變而來的。意思是“是否”。賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。一般說來，在賓語(yǔ)從句中whether與if可以互換使用，但在特殊情況下if與whether是不能互換的。

例句：I wonder whether(if)they will come to our party.只能用whether，不能用if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

1.直接與or not連用時(shí)

例句：I can’t say whether or not they can come on time.2.在帶to的不定式前

例句：We decided whether to walk there.3.在介詞的后面

例句：I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.Everything depends on whether we have enough money。只能用if不能用whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

if引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)

例句：He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.（三）連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

這樣的賓語(yǔ)從句實(shí)際上是由特殊疑問句變化而來的，賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序：連接代詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。

英語(yǔ)中的連接代詞有：who,whom,whose,which,what，在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。如：

例句：Do you know who will come this afternoon ?

(作主語(yǔ))

Did you hear what she said ?

（作賓語(yǔ)）

I don’t know whose that is.（作表語(yǔ)）

Could you tell me which gate we have to go to ?（作定語(yǔ)）

Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?（作賓語(yǔ)）

英語(yǔ)中的連接副詞有：when,where,why,how，在句中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)的成分。例句：None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.Can you tell me how I get to the post office ?

We didn’t know when she would come back.二.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)

1、主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。例句：

She says that she is a student.She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.She says that she has finished her homework already.She says that she can sing a song in English.I hear he was here yesterday.Could you tell me what you were doing at eight last night?

2、主句是過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句需改為相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)。即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)改為一般過去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)改為過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，一般將來時(shí)改成過去將來時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)改為過去完成時(shí)。

She said that she was a student.She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.She said that she had finished her homework already.She said that she could sing a song in English.She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.3、如果賓語(yǔ)從句中有明確表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，不論主句用什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句一律用過去時(shí)。

She said she came to work here in 1998.The teacher told us that the war broke out in the winter of 1923.4、如果賓語(yǔ)從句說的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象或事實(shí)時(shí)，這時(shí)賓語(yǔ)從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.He told me that Japan is an island country.The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.5、委婉語(yǔ)氣Could you tell me…是用來征詢對(duì)方的意見，并不表示過去常按照一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)處理。

Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum? 三.特殊疑問句變賓語(yǔ)從句五注意

1、在引導(dǎo)詞上，要將疑問代詞或疑問副詞變?yōu)檫B接代詞或連接副詞，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。如：

Whose bike is this ? Does anybody know ?

Does anybody know whose bike this is ?

2、賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)與主句的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。如：

When the train will arrive ? He asked me.He asked me when the train would arrive.3、在語(yǔ)序上，要將疑問句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：

Which one do you like best ? She asked me.She asked me which one I liked best.[注意] 疑問句中主語(yǔ)之前的助動(dòng)詞若是do / does / did , 變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要先將其去掉，謂語(yǔ)時(shí)詞再根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化。

4、特殊疑問句詞在句中作主語(yǔ)，變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)語(yǔ)序不變（時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)作相應(yīng)變化）。如：

Who can answer the question ? The teacher asked.The teacher asked who could answer the question.5、特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句后，用問號(hào)還是用句號(hào)完全取決于主句的句式：

如主句為陳述句、祈使句，句末就用句號(hào)；如主句是疑問句，句末就用問號(hào)。如：

I don’t know when we shall start tomorrow.Do you know when we shall start tomorrow ? 

第五篇：賓語(yǔ)從句(教案)

賓賓

語(yǔ)語(yǔ)

從從

句句

一.定義

簡(jiǎn)單的說 , 賓語(yǔ)從句就是一個(gè)或是幾個(gè)從句充當(dāng)主句中的賓語(yǔ)成分。

二.主要類型

11））

..由由連連接接代代詞詞或或連連接接副副詞詞引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)。

連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的從句只是在某些動(dòng)詞后能用作賓語(yǔ)，這些動(dòng)詞有see , say , tell , ask , answer , know , decide , wonder , understand , discuss , show等等：

e.g Do you know what he has said ?

Can you tell me which class you are in ? Do you know what kind of person she is ? Let’s see how we can finish the hard work.Have you decided whom you would visit tomorrow ? Please show me where your passport is.Lucy still wondered why he couldn’t pass the exam.22））

..由由連連詞詞

wwhheetthheerr

或或

iiff

引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)。（（口口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)中中常常用用

iiff））

e.g She asked me if she could borrow these books.Lily wanted to know if / whether her grandma liked the handbag.注：1)中所列的動(dòng)詞后也?？捎?whether , if 引導(dǎo)的從句作賓語(yǔ)；

e.g I’m wondering if the letter is over-weight.I don’t know whether this answer is right.另外，這種從句前面有時(shí)還可以另有賓語(yǔ)。

e.g Please tell me which book I should read first.You may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus stop.Did she say anything about how the work was to be done ？

33))由由tthhaatt引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)。（（在在口口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)或或非非正正式式文文體體中中常常省省略略））

e.g He knew(that)he should work hard.He said(that)he would like to see the Headmaster.注意：在某些句型中，特別是帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子中，that 引導(dǎo)的從句常常移到后面去，前面用一個(gè) it 作形式上的賓語(yǔ)。(但是，有時(shí) it 也可以省略）

e.g We all thought it a pity that she couldn’t come.I took his word for it that he would try his best to help us.（他說他要想一切辦法幫我們，我相信他說的是真話。）

I take it that we are to leave early.（我想我們動(dòng)身是會(huì)很早的。）

三.賓語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)該注意的一些情況

11..引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)詞詞

?由陳述句變來的賓語(yǔ)從句，用連詞 that 等引導(dǎo)，并且在口語(yǔ)中常常省略此詞： e.g He said（that）he had a new dictionary.I know(that)Lucy can play football very well.但是，如果 that 引導(dǎo)的是幾個(gè)表示并列關(guān)系的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，最后一個(gè) that 不能省略。e.g I know(that)Tom comes from France and that he teaches in Guilin now.?由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換而來的賓語(yǔ)從句，用 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)，并且兩詞可以互用。但是 whether 可以和 or not 連用，而 if 不能。

e.g I want to know whether(if)she still lives there.Please tell me whether you can come or not.?由特殊疑問句變來的賓語(yǔ)從句，由特殊疑問詞 who , whom , whose , which , when , where , why , how 等引導(dǎo)。

e.g I don’t know whose book it is.The teacher asked what was happening.Do you know where our English teacher lives ? He wanted to know why you can play the piano so well.2

2..語(yǔ)語(yǔ)句句的的順順序序

無(wú)論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語(yǔ)從句都是運(yùn)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序，即是“主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)在后”的順序。

e.g Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum ? He asked him where he came from.Did you know what’s the name of the handsome boy in the classroom yesterday？

Please tell me where I can buy the beautiful flower.3

3..時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)態(tài)的的變變化化

?.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來使用需要的任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。

e.g I hear(that)Tom has been to Guilin twice.I hear(that)she will come tomorrow.I hear(that)Jim went to work an hour ago.I hear(that)he is interested in English.?當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。

e.g He said(that)he would go to Xi’an.He said(that)he was ill yesterday.He said(that)he was reading a book.He said(that)he had had supper already.?當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句說明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon.The teacher told the students that no news is good news.The PE teacher said that doing morning exercise is useful to our health.4

4..標(biāo)標(biāo)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)符符號(hào)號(hào)

賓語(yǔ)從句末尾的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)由主句決定，不受從句的限制。如果主句是陳述句或者是祈使句時(shí)用句號(hào)；而主句是疑問句時(shí)，句末則用問號(hào)。

e.g He asked me if / whether I could help him.Do you know where Li Ping is ? Please tell me which colour you like best.Could you tell me how to go the No.28 Middle School ? Would you please tell the teacher how old you are ?

5..賓賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從從句句的的否否定定形形式式

一般而言，賓語(yǔ)從句的否定式與一般句子的否定式是一樣的。但若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 think , expect , believe , guess , imagine , suppose 等表示“認(rèn)為，猜想”的詞時(shí)，一般要把賓語(yǔ)從句中的否定式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。e.g I don’t think it’s going to rain.I don’t believe she will lend you the money.但是，如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 hope，則不適用于這種規(guī)則。

e.g I hope he won’t come.66

..賓賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從從句句中中的的特特殊殊情情形形

在把簡(jiǎn)單句變?yōu)閺?fù)合句的練習(xí)中，千萬(wàn)要注意：

句式的轉(zhuǎn)變：若原句是祈使句，不能用賓語(yǔ)從句改寫，而應(yīng)該用 “ ask sb.to do sth.” 的句式。

e.g Don’t open the door.（用 they 作主語(yǔ)變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句）

They ask not to open the door.?代詞的變化：如果將某人的原話變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，我們就應(yīng)該考慮代詞的變化。

e.g “ I come from Canada ” , Lucy says.—— Lucy says that she comes from Canada.?若由一般疑問句或特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)該用陳述句語(yǔ)序。具體如下：當(dāng)助動(dòng)詞是 does 或 did 時(shí)，要去掉助動(dòng)詞，并把動(dòng)詞恢復(fù)為第三人稱單數(shù)形式或過去式；當(dāng)是其它的助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則要把這些助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)的后面。

e.g I asked Tom , “ What do you like best ? ”

—— I asked Tom what he liked best.The teacher asked me : “ Have you read the book ? ”

—— The teacher asked me if I have read the book.He asked , “ Who can carry the box ? ”

—— He asked who could carry the box.五.專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1、Do you know how much hot water ______ ? A．Mum is needed B．does Mum need C．Mum needs D．did Mum need

2、Can you tell me ______ ? A．where he is B．where is he C．he is where D．what is he

3、I didn’t know how ______ to London? A．would they go B．a(chǎn)re they going C．they would go D．they are going

4、I want to know how long ______.A．has he been back B．has he come back C．he has been back D．he has come back

5、Do you know ______ ? A．what the news are B．what is the news C．what the news is D．what are the news 6.______ is true that she may fall behind the others.A.There B.This C.That D.It 7.The foreign friends think ______ the Chinese people are very friendly.A.that B.if C.since D.because

8.I’d like to know ______ Chinese.A.when he began to learn

B.when did he begin to learn C.when did he begin learning

D.for how long he began to learn 9.The teacher asked us ______ the classroom after school.A.cleaned B.clean C.to clean D.cleans

參考答案： CACCC CAAC

（廣西壯族自治區(qū)桂林市高新區(qū)穿山中學(xué)

褚繼榮

ianchu1172@sina.com

http://ienglish.yeah.net/）