第一篇:牛津上海版初一英語知識點總結(jié)
牛津上海版初一英語知識點總結(jié)
牛津上海版英語詞組及短語
(中英對照版)1.在左上角
2.在右上角
3.下棋
4.筆友
5.和某人住在一起
6.擔任……工作
7.在學校
8.在中間
9.最美好的祝愿
10.戴著眼鏡的那個女孩子11.在右邊
12.在左邊
13.在學校的足球隊里
14.一年級,二班
15.女子籃球隊
16.男子接力比賽
17.在世界上
18.全世界
19.在……旁邊
20.對……友好
21.熱衷于……
22.擅長于……
23.語文
24.數(shù)學
25.地理
26.生物
27.歷史
28.化學
UNIT1—4
at the top-left corner at the top-right corner
play chess
penfriend
live with someboby
work as at school
in the middle
best wishes
the girl in glasses
on the right
on the left
on the school football team
Class Two,Grade One
girls’ basketball team
boys’ relay race
in the world all over the world
next to / beside
be friendly to be keen on
be good at
Chinese
maths
geography
biology
history
chemistry
29.體育
P.E.30.音樂
music 31.政治
politics 32.物理
physics 33.少先隊員
Young Pioneer 34.小學
pramay schol 35.初中
middle school/junior high school 36.高中
senior middle school 37.大學
university/ college 38.做運動
do exercise 39.做眼保健操
do eye exercises 40.做早操
do morning exercises 41.照相
take pictures/photos 42.喜歡做某事
like/enjoy doing sth.43.想要做……
want to do sth./ would like to do sth./ 44.注意……
pay attention to 45.寫下,記錄下
write down 46.從左邊/右邊
from the left/right 47.收到某人的來信
hear from sb.;get/receive a lettere from sb.48.鍛煉身體
do sports 49.持續(xù)一段時間
last for 50.一兩個小時
one hour or two/ one or tow hours 51.在街道上
in the street 52.在……的開始
at the beginning of 53.在……的結(jié)尾
at the end of 54.保安
guard 55.建筑工人
construction worker 56.牙科醫(yī)生
dentist 57.會計師
accountant 58.去游泳
go swimming 59.去海邊
go to the sea 60.去滑雪
go skiing 61.去滑冰
go skating 62.去購物
go shopping 63.去觀光
go sightseeing 64.去遠足
go hiking 65.去跑步
go running 66.去慢跑
go jogging 67.去跳舞
do dancing 68.去航行
go sailing 69.去約會
70.到達(4種表達方法)arrive in/at;reach;get to 71.花費時間(金錢)的表達方法: sb.spend…on sth./
sb.spend...(in)doing sth./ sb.pay…for stth./ sth.cost sb.some money/ it takes sb….to do sth.72.主管
be in charge of 73.照顧
look after/take care of 74.獨生子女
the only child 75.開會
have a meeting 76.遲到
be late for 77.除……之外
except/ except for 78.從周一到周五
from Monday to Friday/ on weekdays 79.刷牙
brush the teeth 80.洗臉
wash face 81.追趕(某人)
go after sb./ run after sb.82.及時
in time 83.按時
on time 84.盯著、凝視
stare at 85.跑開
run away 86.下車
get off(the bus)… 87.上車
get on(the bus 88.撿起
pick up 89.思考
think about 90.匆忙
in a hurry 91.從……沖出來
strom out of/ rush out of 92.熬夜
stay up late 93.生某人的氣
be angry with sb 94.在……的一邊
on the side of 95.在……的另一邊
on the other side of 96.等候
wait for 97.拿出
hold out/ take out 98.跌倒
fall over 99.戴著手銬
in handcuffs 100.四處走走
go/walk around 101.找出,查明
find out 102.說謊
tell a lie 103.立刻
in a flash/ at once/ right away/immediately 104.將來
in the future 105.在意、關(guān)心
care about 106.查詢(生詞)
look up 107.四處看
look around 108.有一個選擇
have a choice 109.正在那個時候
at that moment 110.毫無疑問地
without question 111.走到跟前、走近
come over 112.改變注意
change one’s mind 113.盡可能快
as soon as possible 114.有時間玩樂
have time for fun 115.在……頂部
on the top of… 116.或……或……
either……or…… 117.既不……也不……
neither……nor…… 118.不僅僅……而且……
not oly… but also… 119.將……與……比較(將……比作)
compare with/ compare to
Unit 5---Unit6重點詞組
Unit 5 1.滅絕;消失
die out 2.因……而死
die of 3.得知,獲悉
learn about 4.和……一樣
the same as 5.因…而著名
be famous for 6.同時
at the same time 7.以……為基礎(chǔ)
be based on 8.充滿……
be full of 9.根據(jù)
according to 10.依(某人)之見
in one’s opinion 11.因為;由于
because of 12.超過
more than/ over 13.同類的 of this kind 14.做(某事)有一些困難have difficulty with sth./ have difficult in doing sth./ find it difficult to do something.15.全世界范圍內(nèi)
all over the world 16.其余的;剩下的the rest of…… 17.既不…也不…
neither ……nor…… 18.對……有用處
be useful for 19.一等獎
the first prize 20.害怕……
be afraid of…… 21.至多有
up to 22.生育
give birth to…… 23.也;還
as well as 24.……方面的專家
expert on…… 25.完全地,徹底地
competely
Unit6
一、詞組
1.能夠
be able to / can 2.成為現(xiàn)實;實現(xiàn)
come true 3.從現(xiàn)在起
from now on 4.到達
arrive at/in;get to………;reach…… 5.生病
get sick 6.一會兒
in a moment/minute 7.和平地
in peace 8.破碎地
in pieces 9.在太空
in space 10.將來
in the future 11.降落于
……land on 12.看起來像
look like 13.部分
part of 14.而不是
15.耗盡;用完
not …but…
run out of
Unit 7--8詞組:
1.從現(xiàn)在起
from now on 2.躺下
lie down 3.入睡
fall asleep 4.從(某地)逃走
5.太……以致于……
6.過了一會兒
7.逃離
8.對準;瞄準
9.熄滅
10.廣播、公布
11.聽起來象
12.從……出來
13.告訴……實情
14.生氣
15.事實上
16.開……的玩笑
17.給……提供某物
18.過著幸福的生活
19.過著艱苦的生活
20.過去常常做(某事)
21.過去常常不做(某事)
22.數(shù)以億計
23.除……之外,還……按時
24.全世界
25.給某人拍照
26.例如
27.在過去
28.廣交朋友
29.在周末
30.趕快
31.立刻
escape from
too…to…;so…that…
moments later
be out of……
aim at…
go uout
put out
sound like
come out of
tell the truth
be angry withsb./ get angry
in fact
paly jokes on
provide……with…
live a happy life
live a hard life
used to do sth.didn’t use to do sth.billiions of
as well as
all over the world
take photo for …
for example
in the past
make a lot of
at the weekend
hurry up
in a second/at once/right away/immediately
32.考慮
think of 33.中國出口品交易
Chinese Export Commodities Fair
第二篇:上海牛津英語4AM1知識點總結(jié).
M1U1 Meeting new people 1.詞匯:classmate 同學schoolmate 校友deskmate 同桌friend朋友 meet 遇見people人們eleven 十一twelve十二thirteen 十三
fourteen 十四fifteen 十五sixteen 十六seventeen 十七eighteen 十八nineteen 十九twenty二十student number 學號sit 坐skip跳繩
live居住near在……附近year年well好mask 面具
2.詞組:my classmate 我的同學go to the park 去公園ride a bicycle騎自行車 skip a rope 跳繩live near the school住在學校附近walk to school走路去學校play basketball 打籃球like reading喜歡閱讀years old 歲
—Nice to meet you!很高興遇到你!—Nice to meet you,too.我也很高興遇到你!See you!再見!3.語法:形容詞性物主代詞his,her,your,my,its,their,our 形容詞性物主代詞(所有格后必須加名詞。my new classmate her dress our classroom his mother His/Her name is……
This is my sister.Her name’s Sally.(向別人介紹某個人 Can 句型can后的動詞必須是原形 He can swim very fast.He can’t sing.Can he climb a tree? 主語是第一人稱I、we,第二人稱you和第三人稱復數(shù)they、his parents等的時候,句中動詞用原形;主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時,動詞要相應變化(加s She lives near our school.She walks to school every day.My friend has a nice dress。
變否定句和疑問句時要添加助動詞doesn’t和does,動詞要變回原形。My brother doesn’t like his toy car.Does Kitty walk to school every day? like后面加名詞復數(shù)We like balls.動詞ing形式We like playing basketball.to do We like to play basketball.do-doing的規(guī)則:直接加ing singing,playing,painting,jumping 去末尾的e,加ing writing,dancing,coming 雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing swimming,skipping running M1U2 Abilities 詞匯:climb 爬draw 畫畫paint 用顏料畫畫swim 游泳read讀write 寫Jump 跳hop單腳跳picture畫,圖dream夢interview 采訪guest嘉賓everyone大家,每個人fast 快high高very 很,非常welcome歡迎both(兩個都dolphin海豚wasp黃蜂crisp薯片
詞組:paint a picture畫一幅畫climb a tree爬樹count to three數(shù)到very much 非常read a book看書swim in the river在河里游泳
fly very high飛得很高swim very fast游得很快very well很好 both super都很棒our guest我們的嘉賓welcome to 歡迎來到…… 語法:1.can句型
肯定句:I/He/She/They can run fast.否定句:I/He/She/They can’t run fast.一般疑問句:Can you/he/she/they run fast? 特殊疑問句:What can you/he/she/they do? 2.have got,has got 表示某人有某物 M1U3 How do you feel? 詞匯:back 回來biscuit餅干feel感覺happy高興的sad傷心的hungry 餓 full飽的thirsty口渴的tired累的crow烏鴉bottle瓶子water水drink喝pebble小石子so所以then那么,然后idea辦法toast烤面包post 郵局lamp燈postman郵遞員large大的cream奶油berry 果凍want需要,想要2.詞組:a new bicycle一輛新自行車have some biscuits吃些餅干each other對方drink some water喝些水thirsty and tired又渴又累a good idea一個好主意 a bottle of water一瓶水a(chǎn) piece of toast一片烤面包long and thin又長又細post lamp路燈post office郵局be full of充滿了……be tired of厭倦
—Have some biscuits.—Thank you.I have an idea.我有一個主意。
3.語法:—How do you feel?—I’m /we’re hungry.—How does Danny feel?—He’s thirsty.以here,there開頭的句子be動詞用is還是are要看后面的名詞是單數(shù)還是復數(shù),是可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)還是不可數(shù)名詞。
Here’s some water for you.Here are some pebbles.There is a bottle under the tree.There are three crows in the tree.
第三篇:初一英語知識點總結(jié)
對于剛上初一的同學來說,英語基礎(chǔ)知識常有“剪不斷,理還亂”的感覺。整體來說,在初中的英語學習中,會涉及很多很細小的知識點。很多同學會因為疏忽而常常犯錯誤,需要提醒的一點是這些細小的英語知識點往往就是中考的考點。所以,我們將初一英語上冊所學的基礎(chǔ)知識作如下梳理:
一、48個國際音標及26個英文字母的正確書寫
要熟練掌握元音和輔音,5個元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正確占格及單詞間距。
二、be動詞的用法
be動詞有三種變形,分別是:am, is, are。記憶口訣:
“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;單數(shù)全都用is,復數(shù)全部都用are。
三、人稱及人稱代詞的不同形式(主格和賓格)
1、三種人稱:第一人稱(I, we),第二人稱(you, you),第三人稱(he, she, it, Maria)。
2、人稱代詞的主格,即人稱代詞位于句子主語位置時的形態(tài):I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。
3、人稱代詞的賓格,即人稱代詞位于句子賓語位置時的形態(tài):me, us, you, you, him, her, it。
4、形容詞性物主代詞:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。
5、名詞性物主代詞:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。
6、反身代詞:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。
四、基數(shù)詞(表示數(shù)量多少的詞,大致相當于代數(shù)里的自然數(shù))
zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。五、一般疑問句及特殊疑問句
1、一般疑問句:能用Yes或No來回答的問句。一般疑問句句尾讀升調(diào)。
2、特殊疑問句:不能用Yes或No來回答的問句。特殊疑問句句尾讀降調(diào)。
六、可數(shù)名詞變復數(shù)
可數(shù)名詞變復數(shù)時,有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。
1、規(guī)則變化:
1)一般情況直接在詞尾加“-s ”,如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;
2)以s, x, sh, ch結(jié)尾的詞,要在詞尾加“-es ”,如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;
3)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞,變y為i再加“-es ”,如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;
4)部分以f(e)結(jié)尾的詞,變f(e)為“ves ”,如:knife-knives, half-halves等;
5)以o結(jié)尾的詞,加“-s ”或“-es ”,如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。記憶口訣:除了“英雄”hero外,凡是能吃的,加“-es ”,不能吃的加“-s ”。
2、不規(guī)則變化:
1)改變單數(shù)名詞中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等; 2)單、復同形:sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等; 3)其他形式:mouse-mice, child-children等。
3、可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞
A.數(shù)的區(qū)別:可數(shù)名詞有單、復數(shù),其復數(shù)形式一般是在其后加上-(e)s。不可數(shù)名詞只有單數(shù)形式,而沒有復數(shù)的變化。
B.量的表達區(qū)別:可數(shù)名詞前可用a(n)及數(shù)詞來表示其量,也可借助于其它的可數(shù)名詞,用of介詞來表示其量,此時,表示量的可數(shù)名詞有單、復數(shù)變化,表示事物的可數(shù)名詞本身則必須用復數(shù)。不可數(shù)名詞前則不可用a(n)及數(shù)詞來表示其量,只可借助于其它可數(shù)名詞,表示量的可數(shù)名詞有單、復數(shù)的變化,不可數(shù)名詞沒有數(shù)的變化。
C.修飾詞的差異:可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前都可用some, any來修飾,表示“一些”之意,而表示“很多”之意時,可數(shù)名詞(復數(shù)形式)前應用many或a lot of;不可數(shù)名詞(只可用單數(shù)形式)前應用much 或a lot of。詢問可數(shù)名詞的量用how many, 而詢問不可數(shù)名詞的量則應用how much。
七、簡單句的成分及主謂一致原則
最基本構(gòu)成:主語+謂語+賓語,其中謂語由動詞來充當。主謂一致原則,就是句子的謂語要始終與主語保持數(shù)量上的一致性。當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)(簡稱“三單”)時,謂語動詞也要相應變成單數(shù)形式;當主語非“三單”時,謂語動詞就用原形。實意動詞變“三單”的規(guī)則如下:
1)一般動詞在詞尾加“-s ”,如:like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等;
2)以字母s, x,ch, sh結(jié)尾的動詞加“-es ”,如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;
3)以o結(jié)尾的動詞一般加“-es ”,如:do-does, go-goes等;
4)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞,先變y為i,再加“-而是”,如:fly-flies, carry-carries等;5)have的三單形式是has。
八、冠詞的用法(名詞前面必須要有冠詞)
冠詞分為定冠詞(the)和不定冠詞(a, an)兩種。
a(n)為不定冠詞,它常用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示不確定的人或事物。a用在以輔音音素開頭的詞、數(shù)字、字母、符號等前;an用在以元音音素開頭的詞前。the為定冠詞,可用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞或復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示確定的人或事物。不定冠詞a, an與基數(shù)詞one的區(qū)別是:
不定冠詞不是刻意強調(diào)“數(shù)量”,而基數(shù)詞則強調(diào)“數(shù)量”。
九、助動詞(do, does)的用法
只有實意動詞作謂語時才涉及使用助動詞。以like為例:
1)當句子為肯定句時不涉及使用助動詞,只涉及“主謂一致”原則。eg : I like English a lot.Michael likes Chinese food very much.2)當句子為否定句時,要根據(jù)主語的人稱來決定使用相應的助動詞:當主語為“三單”時,要使用does;當主語為“非三單”時,用助動詞原形do。例如把下列句子變否定句: Kangkang likes math.----Kangkang doesn't like math.They like sports.------They don't like sports.3)當句子變疑問句時,同樣要根據(jù)句子的主語來決定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子變問句:
Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music?
Yes, they do./ No, they don't.十、名詞所有格
注意名詞所有格的用法。有生命事物名詞的所有格應在其后加上's。方法:
A.單數(shù)名詞在其后直接加's。
B.以-s結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞,在其后加上’, 而不可加's。C.以非s結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞,需在其后加上's。
D.表示兩個或兩個以上的人共有某個人或某個事物時,只需將最后一個名詞變?yōu)樗懈?前面的各個名詞無需變?yōu)樗懈瘛?/p>
E.表示兩個或兩個以上的人分別有某人或某物時,各個名詞均需變?yōu)樗懈裥问健W⒁猓罕硎緹o生命事物的名詞一般應用of介詞短語來構(gòu)成其所有格。例如:
1、Kangkang's books;Tom and Helen's desk;Ann's and Maria's bikes;
2、用of表示“......的”,但要從of后往of前翻譯:a book of mine(我的一本書)
3、have與of的區(qū)別:
have一般表示“主動擁有”,往往用于有生命的人或動物;無生命的物體一般不能“主動擁有”,表示所屬關(guān)系時要用of。例如:
I have a new bike.She has two big eyes.a door of the house
十一、課本中的知識點
1、Unit 1 ——Unit 2 1)問候語:
Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.How are you?---Just OK, thank you.How are you?---Not bad, thanks.Hi!Hello!
How do you do? 2)道別用語:
Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次見面,see用于熟人間)Nice to meet/ see you, too.Goodbye.Byebye.Bye.See you(later/ tomorrow/ next time)!So long!Good night!3)介紹人或者物的句型:This is...4)Excuse me.與I'm sorry.的區(qū)別:
Excuse me.是要引起對方的注意,而I'm sorry.則是向?qū)Ψ降狼浮?)詞組be from = come from in English
5)當問句中問到this/ that時,回答要用it;問到these/ those時,要用they來回答。例如: What's this in English?----It's an eraser.What are those?----They are books.6)對Thanks.的回答:That's OK./ You're welcome./ My pleasur.7)look the same = have the same looks give sth.to sb.= give sb.sth.be like = look like
in the tree/ on the tree(樹上結(jié)的、長出來的用on,否則用in)in red(穿著紅色的衣服)
in the desk(在空間范圍之內(nèi))in English(用英語)help sb.do sth.8)both與all的區(qū)別:
both表示“兩者都......”;all表示“三者及以上都......”。
十二、2、Unit 3——Unit 4 1)speak的用法
speak與say不同:speak表示“說”的動作,不表示“說”的內(nèi)容;say則表示“說”的內(nèi)容。speak后面除了能接“語言”外,不能直接接東西,后面加了to則表示“對......說”。help sb.with sth.(幫助某人做/補習......)want to do sth.(想要做某事)would like to do sth.not...at all(一點都不);Not at all.(沒關(guān)系/別介意)like...a lot = like...very much 2)some和any的區(qū)別:
口訣:some用于肯定句,否定、疑問變any。例如: I have some money.I don't have any money.Do you have any money?
3)have a seat = take a seat(請隨便坐)4)祈使句(表示命令或請求的句子)
祈使句一般都省略了主語You,所以其否定句直接用Don't開頭。例如: Don't go there!5)問職業(yè):
What does sb.do? What is sb.? What's sb.'s job?
6)work與job的區(qū)別:
work是未必有報酬的“工作”,例如homework, housework;而job則一定是有報酬的“工作”。7)on指在物體的表面,不論這個面是否水平的,例如: on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground 8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在醫(yī)院里)look after(照料/照顧/照看)help oneself(請自便/隨便吃)
9)表示“建議”的句型:“做某事如何?” What about(doing)sth.?(英式英語)How about(doing)sth.?(美式英語)Why don't you do sth.? = Why not do sth.?
10)“吃”一日三餐要用have:have breakfast/ lunch/ supper have...for breakfast/ lunch/ supper take one's order be kind to sb.11)try on這個詞組可合可分:名詞可以放在這個詞組的中間或后面,但代詞只能放在詞組的中間。
12)在口語中往往用take表示“買”。13)how many與how much的區(qū)別:
how many + 可數(shù)名詞;how much + 不可數(shù)名詞
14)What do you think of...? 是詢問對方對某事物的看法; How do you like...? 是問對方對某事物喜歡的程度。think about(考慮)
Thank you all the same.(即使對方?jīng)]能幫上忙,也要禮貌道謝)Thanks.= Thank you.(thank作為動詞,不能單獨使用。)15)one與it的區(qū)別:
當上下文說的是同一種類事物時,任意一個可以用one來代替;如果上下文所說的是同一個事物時則用it。例如: Ann :I have a yellow bag.Jane :I have a green one.Tom : Hey, Mike.Where is your bike? Mike : Look, it's over there.16)倒裝句 Here you are.Here it is.17)be free(有空/免費)
forget to do sth.(忘了去做某事)forget doing sth.(忘了做過某事)
What's up? = What's wrong with...? = What's the matter with...? 18)go + v.-ing結(jié)構(gòu)的含義:為了實現(xiàn)某目的才去的。例如: go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等
19)have to do sth.(非主觀因素,強調(diào)客觀因素,“不得不去做某事”)must 則表示主觀愿望 20)fly a kite = fly kites be free = have time 21)時間的表述
當分針所指的時間大于0分、小于等于30分鐘時,用“分鐘”past“小時”。例如: 8:23——twenty-three past eight
當分針所指的時間大于30分鐘、小于60分鐘時,用“剩余的時間”to“下一個整點”。例如: 8:49——eleven to nine
當然,還可以直接按照小時、分鐘去讀出時間,例如: 8:23——eight twenty-three;8:49——eight forty-nine
整點則在數(shù)詞后加“-o'clock”,例如:8:00——eight o'clock 在鐘點前介詞要用at.22)句型“該干某事了?!保篒t's time to do sth.= It's time for sth.例如:該吃午飯了.It's time to have lunch.= It's time for lunch.23)注意同義詞或形近詞的辨析
a, an和one;no和not;excuse me和sorry;it's和its;who和what;look like和look the same;let's和let us;good, nice;fine, well和all right;look和look at;see和watch;and和or;family, house和home;with和and;what, which和who;one和it;whose和who's;put on, wear和in;other和else;say, speak, talk和tell;get和get to等。24)反義詞、同義詞、同音詞 反義詞/對應詞
yes-no morning-afternoon on-under plus-minus student-teacher open-close this-that new-old young-old these-those same-different black-white woman-man sit down-stand up light-dark boy-girl down-up light-heavy here-there after-before short-tall father-mother go-come right-wrong brother-sister ask-answer big-small child-parent take-bring aunt-uncle husband-wife dad-mum son-daughter
同音詞
two-too-to his-he’s our-hour are-r there-their why-y no-know where-wear
同義詞/近義詞
be in=at home mr-mister hi-hello look-see fine-well desk-table 初一英語易錯點總結(jié)
[第一類] 名詞類
1.這些女老師們在干什么?
[誤] What are the woman teachers doing?
[正] What are the women teachers doing?
[析] 在英語中,當一名詞作定語修飾另一名詞(單或復數(shù)形式)時,作定語的名詞一般要用其單數(shù)形式;但當man,woman作定語修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式時,要用其復數(shù)形式men,women.2.房間里有多少人?
[誤] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作“人、人們”解時,是個集合名詞,其單復數(shù)同形。
3.我想為我兒子買兩瓶牛奶。
[誤] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.[析] 表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時,常用“a / an或數(shù)詞 +表量的可數(shù)名詞 + of + 不可數(shù)名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu),其中當數(shù)詞大于1時,表量的可數(shù)名詞要用其復數(shù)形式。
[第二類] 動詞類
4.你妹妹通常什么時候去上學?
[誤] What time does your sister usually goes to school?
[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?
[析] 借助助動詞do(或does)構(gòu)成疑問句或否定句時,句中的謂語動詞用其原形。
5.琳達晚上經(jīng)常做作業(yè),但今晚她在看電視。
[誤] Linda often do her homework in the evening,but this evening she watching TV.[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening,but this evening she is watching TV.[析] 在初一英語學習階段,我們接觸到了兩種主要時態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時。一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常的或習慣性的動作,常和often,usually,sometimes 等時間狀語連用。在一般現(xiàn)在時的句子中,若主語是第三人稱單數(shù),謂語動詞要用其第三人稱單數(shù)形式?,F(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行或發(fā)生的動作,現(xiàn)在進行時由be(am / is / are)+ ving形式構(gòu)成。
這雙鞋是紅色的。
[誤] This pair of shoes are red.[正] This pair of shoes is red.[析] 在shoes,trousers,gloves,glasses等表示成雙成對的衣物或工具名詞前用pair(表計量)修飾時,謂語動詞的形式由pair的單復數(shù)形式來決定。[第三類] 代詞類
7.這張票是她的,不是我的。
[誤] This is hers ticket.It’s not my.[正] This is her ticket.It’s not mine.[析] 物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分。形容詞性物主代詞之后一定要接名詞,而名詞性物主代詞之后不需接任何詞。
8.吳老師教我們英語。
[誤] Miss Wu teaches our English.[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.[析] teach sb.sth.中的sb.作teach的賓語,因此當sb.為人稱代詞時要用其賓格形式。[第四類] 介詞類
9.你能找到這個問題的答案嗎?
[誤] Can you find the answer of this question?
[正] Can you find the answer to this question?
[析] 英語中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有the key to the door,the way to the zoo等。
10.格林先生星期六上午來這里。
[誤] Mr Green will come here in Sunday evening.[正] Mr Green will come here on Sunday evening.[析] 表示在上午、下午等時,介詞要用in;而表示在具體的某天上午、下午時,介詞要用on.11.那個穿著紅裙子的小女孩是我們老師的女兒。
[誤] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.[析] 用介詞表示“穿戴衣物”時,只能用in,其他介詞沒有此用法。
[第五類] 副詞類
12.莉莉,你為什么不回家呢?
[誤] Lily,why don’t you go to home?
[正] Lily,why don’t you go home?
[析] come,go 等后接here,there,home等地點副詞時,地點副詞前不加to。
[第六類] 連詞類
13.我喜歡語文和英語,但我不喜歡體育和歷史。
[誤] I like Chinese and English,but I don’t like P.E.and history.[正] I like Chinese and English,but I don’t like P.E.or history.[析] 在肯定句中并列成分之間用and來連接;而在否定句中,并列成分之間的連接需用or。
[第七類] 冠詞類
14.乘飛機去北京花了史密斯一家人一個小時。
[誤] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.[析] 1.表示“……一家人”用結(jié)構(gòu)“the + 姓氏復數(shù)”;
2.our 一詞的第一個字母不發(fā)音,它是以元音音素開頭的,所以“一小時”要用 an hour;
3.用介詞by表示“乘坐”某種交通工具時,交通工具名詞前不加任何冠詞。
[第八類] 句法類
15.――你不是學生嗎? ――不,我是學生。
[誤] ――Aren’t you a student? ――No,I am.[正] ――Aren’t you a student? ――Yes,I am.[析] 對否定疑問句的回答是用Yes還是用No,這取決于實際情況:如果事實是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事實是否定的,就用No表“是的”。
第四篇:上海牛津英語4A M2知識點總結(jié)
M2U1 Jill’s family
單詞:uncle 叔,舅,伯 aunt 姨媽,姑媽,舅媽 cousin 堂(表)兄弟姐妹parents父母親 grandparents祖(外祖)父母family家庭welcome歡迎 dive跳水 really真的 Mid-autumn Day中秋節(jié) watch看,欣賞 riddle謎語sometimes有時 bright明亮的 lady女士 dish盤子wash洗 catch抓 cook做飯 put放 garden花園 visit看望 photo照片 mooncake月餅
詞組:my mother’s brother我母親的兄弟have some mooncakes吃月餅watch the beautiful moon in the garden在花園里看美麗的月亮
the girl in the short black dress那個穿著短的黑色連衣裙的女孩
the lady in the long red skirt那個穿著長的紅色裙子的女士
the man in the bright green shirt那個穿著鮮綠色襯衣的男士
catch the fish抓魚wash the dishes洗盤子cook the fish煮魚
put the fish on the plate把魚放在盤子里on Mid-autumn Day在中秋節(jié) visit her grandparents看望祖父母
句型:1.to have句型:
肯定句:I have(got)a nice coat.Jill has(got)a nice cat.否定句:I don’t have(got)a nice dress.Jill doesn’t have(got)a nice cat.或I haven’t(got)a nice dress.Jill hasn’t(got)a nice cat.一般疑問句:Do you have a nice dress?Does Jill have a nice cat?
或Have you(got)a nice dress?Has Jill(got)a nice cat? 特殊疑問句:What have you(got)?What has Jill(got)?
或How many…… do you have?How many…… does she have?
2.-Who’s that man?那個男人是誰?
-He’s my…… 他是我的(……親人)
3.Here’s some water.Here are some biscuits.4.That’s right.你是對的。
5.Really?真的嗎?
6.How many uncles and aunts do you have?
M2U2 Jobs
單詞:doctor醫(yī)生nurse護士teacher教師student學生police officer警察fire火firefighter消防員cook廚師bus driver巴士司機job工作
call打電話fire station消防站bring帶來engine引擎brave勇敢的 afraid害怕dangerous危險的 princess公主pretty漂亮的dream夢 price價格dress連衣裙dream夢care關(guān)心
詞組:call the fire station打電話給消防站brave firefighter 勇敢的消防員Visit a fire station參觀一個消防站put out the fire滅火
Play with fire玩火help people幫助人們 be afraid of害怕…… 句型:1.-What does he do?/What is he?
-He’s a doctor.2.Welcome to our fire station.3.祈使句:Don’t play with fire.(否定句)同義句:You can’t play with fire.Close the door,please.(肯定句)
Please don’t close the door.(否定句)
4.I can help people.help后加名詞和代詞的賓格:help Alice/me/her/him/it/them
5.I like my job.6.-Thank you.-You’re welcome.M2U3I have a friend
單詞:coat外套shirt男襯衣blouse女襯衣skirt短裙T-shirt T恤
sweater毛衣jeans牛仔褲shorts短褲strong強壯的sharp尖的 blunt鈍的tooth(teeth)牙齒foot(feet)腳 net網(wǎng)bite咬kid小孩 bread面包sock襪子jacket夾克衫wear穿 shoe鞋 詞組:a pair of jeans一條牛仔褲a pair of shorts一條短褲
a pair of shoes一雙鞋a pair of socks一雙短襪small and sharp又小又尖 an orange coat一件橙色的上衣
句型:1.to have 句型
肯定句: I have a pink and white T-shirt.It has small but sharp teeth.否定句:I haven’t(got)a pink and white T-shirt..It hasn’t(got)small but sharp teeth.一般疑問句:Have you(got)a pink and white T-shirt?
Has(got)small but sharp teeth?
特殊疑問句:What have you(got)?What has itl(got)?
2.They’re friends now.
第五篇:初一英語學習知識點總結(jié)
初一英語學習知識點總結(jié)
一、初一英語語法——詞法
1、名詞
A)名詞的數(shù)我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞,而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復數(shù)形式,但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復數(shù)之分,復數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下:
一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes,三)1)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es如:baby-babies,2)以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四)以o結(jié)尾加s(外來詞)。如:radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯
五)以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)單復數(shù)相同(不變的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有復數(shù),沒有單數(shù)的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)單詞形式不變,既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復數(shù)的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同學, family家,家庭成員
九)有的單復數(shù)意思不同。如:fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙,卷子,論文, work工作 works作品,工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數(shù), chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞
十)特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名詞的格當我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時,我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下:
一)單數(shù)在后面加’s。如:brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
二)復數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如:Teachers’ Day教師節(jié), classmates’;Children’s Day六一節(jié), Women’s Day三八節(jié)
2、代詞
項目人稱代詞物主代詞指示代詞反身代詞 人稱主格賓格形容詞名詞性
第一人稱單數(shù) I
me
my mine
myself
復數(shù) we
us
our ours
ourselves
第二人稱單數(shù)you
youyour yours
yourself
復數(shù)you
youyour yours
yourselves
第三人稱單數(shù) she
her
her
hers
herself
He
him
his
his
himself itit itsits this that
itself
復數(shù)
they them their theirs these those themselves
3、動詞
A)第三人稱單數(shù)當動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時,動詞應該像名詞的單數(shù)變動詞那樣加s,如下:
一)一般在詞后加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries 2)以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys 四)以o結(jié)尾加es。如:does, goes 五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has B)現(xiàn)在分詞當我們說某人正在做什么事時,動詞要使用分詞形式,不能用原形,構(gòu)成如下: 一)一般在后加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個元音字母+一個輔音字母(注意除開字母組合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
4、形容詞的級
我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進行對比時,則要使用比較或最高級形式。構(gòu)成如下: 一)一般在詞后加er或est(如果是以e結(jié)尾則直接加r或st)。如: greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer-nicest, larger-largest
二)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且1個元音字母+1個輔音字母(字母組合除外,如few-fewer fewest)結(jié)尾的雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest 三)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的變y為i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情況:(兩好多壞,一少老遠)good/well– better-best many/much-more-most bad/ill – worse worst little-less-least
old-older/elder-oldest/eldest
far-farther/further-farthest/furthest
5、數(shù)詞(基變序,有規(guī)則;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y結(jié)尾,變?yōu)閕, eth跟上去。)
first, second, third;fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth;seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth;twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、初一英語語法——句式 1.陳述句肯定陳述句
a)This is a book.(be動詞)b)He looks very young.(連系動詞)c)I want a sweat like this.(實義動詞)
d)I can bring some things to school.(情態(tài)動詞)
e)There’s a computer on my desk.(There be結(jié)構(gòu))
否定陳述句
a)These aren’t their books.b)They don’t look nice.c)Kate doesn’t go to No.4 Middle School.d)Kate can’t find her doll.e)There isn’t a cat here.(=There’s no cat here.)2.祈使句 肯定祈使句
a)Please go and ask the man.b)Let’s learn English!c)Come in, please.否定祈使句
a)Don’t be late.b)Don’t hurry.3.疑問句
1)一般疑問句 a)Is Jim a student? b)Can I help you?
c)Does she like salad?
d)Do they watch TV? e)Is she reading?
肯定回答: a)Yes, he is.b)Yes, you can.c)Yes, she does.d)Yes, they do.e)Yes, she is.否定回答:
a)No, he isn’t.b)No, you can’t.c)No, she doesn’t.d)No, they don’t.e)No, she isn’t.三、初一英語語法——時態(tài)
1、一般現(xiàn)在時表示普遍、經(jīng)常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現(xiàn)在時,它有: Be 動詞:She’s a worker.Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.情態(tài)動詞:I can play the piano.Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.行為動詞:They want to eat some tomatoes.Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch.Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.2、現(xiàn)在進行時表示動詞在此時正在發(fā)生或進行就使用進行時態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)為 sb be v-ingsth + 其它.I’m playing baseball.Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.Nancy is writing a letter.Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.四、初一英語語法——介詞用法: 1)具體時間前介詞用at。
He gets up at half past seven every day.他每天七點半起床。She goes to bed at eleven o’clock.她十一點睡覺。
2)表示“在早上,在下午,在晚上”的短語中用介詞in,且定冠詞the不能省略; 表示“在中午,在夜里”的短語中介詞用at,不加冠詞。in the morning在早上,in the afternoon 在下午,in the evening 在晚上 at noon在中午,at night在夜里 3)表示“在某天”、“在某天的上午、下午等”的短語用介詞on。
What do you usually do on Monday morning? 星期一上午你通常做什么?
Do you sometimes go out to eat on Friday evening? 有時你星期五晚上出去吃飯嗎? He watches DVDs on Saturday night.星期六晚上他看DVD。4)在this, last, next, every等詞前面既不加介詞,也不用冠詞。What are you doing this afternoon? 今天下午你做什么?
He visits his grandma every Friday.他每個星期五都去看望祖母。She is going to Shanghai next Monday.她下個星期一去上海。