第一篇：英語四級(jí)考試翻譯重點(diǎn)語法、句式總結(jié)

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2017年6月英語四級(jí)考試備考中大家該如何應(yīng)對(duì)英語四級(jí)翻譯呢？本文是英語四級(jí)翻譯重點(diǎn)語法、句式總結(jié)，希望對(duì)大家順利通關(guān)2017年6月英語四級(jí)考試有幫助。

四級(jí)翻譯部分為篇章漢譯英，考生需將短文翻譯成英語，考試時(shí)間30分鐘。翻譯題重點(diǎn)考察考生對(duì)語法結(jié)構(gòu)及常用英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣的掌握情況。若考生語法功底較好且句型和詞組儲(chǔ)備豐富，那么此題不會(huì)太為難。和作文相比，翻譯雖只是個(gè)把句子，但來路不明難以猜測(cè)。作文尚可背誦模板以備執(zhí)筆急需之用，而翻譯則全無，它微小零星卻鋒利難防，并將考生模板式作文的畫皮扯下，暴露其撰句能力的真實(shí)面目，所以令人可畏。根據(jù)近幾年的翻譯真題來看，針對(duì)某項(xiàng)語法重復(fù)考察率比較高，所以對(duì)曾經(jīng)考察過的語法點(diǎn)依然不可松懈。下面文都網(wǎng)校四六級(jí)小編所提一些重點(diǎn)語法項(xiàng)目及建議，希望對(duì)大家的備考有所幫助。

1、句型以及其倒裝使用

2008年6月翻譯真題第91題：

__________________________(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill.(Key：Not until he accomplished / finished the mission)

建議：以此類推，掌握如下常用句型(以倒裝方式給出)：

Not only …but also…

So(Such)…that…

http://004km.cn/cet46/ Not until…

Neither…nor…

Hardly …when…

No sooner …than…

Only by /through /in …

例：Not only __________(他向我收費(fèi)過高)but he didn’t do a good repair.(key：did he charge me too much)

2、從句

a.定語從句

2008年12月翻譯真題第87題：

Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _________________(他們至今還沒有答案)(Key :which/that they haven’t found answers to)

b.狀語從句

真題中出現(xiàn)過如if 條件狀語從句(2007 年6月第 91題)，no matter引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。(2007年12月第89題 和2008年6月第89題)

http://004km.cn/cet46/ 建議：關(guān)于定語從句，到目前為止所考察的均為關(guān)系代詞which/ that等所引導(dǎo)的，所以考生需額外留意關(guān)系副詞where/ when/how 所引導(dǎo)的定語從句。對(duì)于狀語從句，繼續(xù)復(fù)習(xí)如時(shí)間狀語從句，方式狀語從句，因果狀語從句等其他類狀語從句。除卻定語從句，狀語從句外，名詞性從句也需加強(qiáng)，如賓語從句(特別注意wish/ would rather 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中虛擬樣式)，表語從句，同位語從句甚至主語從句。

3、非謂語動(dòng)詞

a.分詞做伴隨狀語

2008年6月第90題：______________(與我成長(zhǎng)的地方相比)this town is more prosperous and exciting.(key : Compared with the place where I grew up)

注意，答案中除過去分詞(compared with…)做伴隨外，還含有where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。

b.動(dòng)詞不定式做目的狀語

2006年6月第88題

_____________(為了掙錢供我上學(xué))，Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.(Key : to support my university studies)

建議：由于非謂語動(dòng)詞除分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式外，還包括動(dòng)名詞，但尚未考察過，所以考生有必要預(yù)備非謂語動(dòng)詞之“動(dòng)名詞”情況。

4、其他類語法。如：虛擬語氣，比較級(jí)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。

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5、常用詞組：尤其是動(dòng)介詞組，如adapt to …, have trouble doing …，be likely to do…, attribute …to…等類似樣式。

作文是表達(dá)自己，可以隨心所愿，而翻譯是表達(dá)別人，被動(dòng)且受制。學(xué)習(xí)翻譯，嘗試放下過分的自我，順服接受，反而會(huì)行得更容易些。祝大家備考順利！

每天進(jìn)步一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，6月通關(guān)大可期！2017年6月英語四六級(jí)備考之路，文都網(wǎng)校四六級(jí)資訊站愿助您一臂之力！更多2017年6月英語四六級(jí)備考資訊，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊文都網(wǎng)校四六級(jí)資訊站！

第二篇：四級(jí)作文及翻譯常用句式總結(jié)

熱點(diǎn)型

(1)模板一

With the development of modern industry, more and more people are concerned about the problem that ______________(主題問題).Accordingly, _______________________________(伴隨主題問題出現(xiàn)的新問題)is becoming more and more serious。

Confronted with ___________________________(主題問題)，we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing, _________________________(解決方法1).For another, _________________________________(解決方法2).Finally, _________________________________(解決方法3)。

As far as I am concerned, the best way out is ________________________(解決方法3).Consequently, I?m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ____________________(解決方法3的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和好處)。

(2)模板二

With the development of the society, with the advent of _____________(相關(guān)事物或現(xiàn)象)，we have to face a problem that ______________________(主題問題)。

What are the reasons for it? In the following paragraphs, I?ll venture to explore the reasons.To start with, _____________________(闡述原因1).Moreover, __________________(闡述原因2).In addition, _______________________(闡述原因3)。

In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures should be taken.For one thing, it is high time that people all over China realized the importance of __________________(解決主題問題).For another, the government should issue strict laws and regulations in order to put the situation under control。

利弊型

(1)模板一

Nowadays many people prefer __________(主題)because it plays a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.On the one hand, ________________(主題的優(yōu)點(diǎn)1).On the other hand, ___________________(主題的優(yōu)點(diǎn)2)。

But everything can be divided into two.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that ___________________(主題的缺點(diǎn)1).To make matters worse, __________________________(主題的缺點(diǎn)2)。

Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative aspects.Whatever effects it has, one thing is certain, ________(主題)itself is neither good nor bad.It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to our society。

(2)模板二

With the development of science and human civilization, many formerly unimaginable things come into reality.Some of them have positive effects on our life, but some are distasteful.The phenomenon of ________(主題現(xiàn)象)is an example of the former / latter one。

There are many factors that may account for it, and the following are the most conspicuous aspects.To start with, __________________(原因1).Furthermore, ______________________(原因2).Eventually, __________________________(原因3)。

Good as ____________(主題現(xiàn)象)is, it has, unfortunately, its disadvantages.The apparent example is that ___________(缺點(diǎn)例子1).In addition, ___________(缺點(diǎn)例子2)。

On the whole, the phenomenon is one of the results of the progress of the modern society.There is still a long way for us to improve / eliminate __________(主題現(xiàn)象)and make our life more comfortable。預(yù)測(cè)一

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Attend Your Classes Regularly。You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1.現(xiàn)在大學(xué)校園里，遲到、早退、曠課是常見的現(xiàn)象

2.保證學(xué)生的出勤率對(duì)大學(xué)教育的重要性

3.作為一個(gè)大學(xué)生應(yīng)該怎樣做

Attend Your Classes Regularly

Nowadays it is a very common phenomenon that some university students are late for or even absent from classes.And still there are some students who slip out of the classroom before the class is over.Class attendance has become a thorny problem to both the students and teachers.In fact, it is very important for the students to attend their classes regularly.First, it will ensure you to catch up with the teachers in your learning.That is very helpful to you if you want to do a good job in your study.Second, attending classes regularly is a way of showing respect to your teachers ,too.Your teachers will feel bad if the students do not attend their classes, which, in turn, will affect their teaching and be no good for the students.Third, attending classes regularly will help to form a good habit of punctuality, which is of great importance for the students to do a good job in the future.Therefore, we university students should form the good habit of attending our classes regularly from now on.And some day we?ll benefit from it.點(diǎn)評(píng)：2008年元月三日，中山大學(xué)博士發(fā)帖稱遭導(dǎo)師虐待；2008年元月四日，中國(guó)政法大學(xué)爆“楊帆門”事件；近幾年，中小學(xué)老師或打?qū)W生或猥褻學(xué)生、體罰學(xué)生等各類新聞不斷曝光，進(jìn)而引發(fā)了師生關(guān)系的大討論。本預(yù)測(cè)題為四級(jí)考試傳統(tǒng)的問題解決型的寫作，與校園生活密切相關(guān)。

預(yù)測(cè)二

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Students? Rating of Their Teachers。You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1.學(xué)生給老師打分已經(jīng)普遍

2.人們對(duì)其持不同態(tài)度

3.我的看法 Students? Rating of Their Teachers

Nowadays, it has become as common in colleges and universities for students to grade teachers as for teachers to grade students.In some universities students? rating has even become the only source of information on teaching effectiveness..This, however, has caused great controversy.Some are in favor of the rating system, They hold that since students attend the teachers? classes every day, they should have their opinion about their teachers? effectiveness.Others, on the contrary, are strongly against it.They believe that there is much more to teaching than what is shown on students? rating forms.Students should not be expected to judge whether the materials they use are up to date or how well the teacher knows about the subject.These judgments require professional knowledge, which is best left for the teachers? colleagues.I think students? rating of their teachers is necessary, but it should be conducted in a way that can really shed meaningful light on teachers? performance.Instead of rating the teachers? knowledge on the subject, students should be asked to estimate what they have learned in a course, and to report on such things as a teacher?s ability to communicate with students, his or her relationship with students, and his or her ability to arouse students? interest in the subject.點(diǎn)評(píng)：越來越多的高校采取讓學(xué)生給老師打分的形式來了解教學(xué)反饋，并以此作為促進(jìn)教學(xué)質(zhì)量的有效手段。對(duì)此做法，管理部門及教學(xué)雙方褒貶不一，看法迥異。本預(yù)測(cè)題為校園生活熱議話題，值得關(guān)注。

預(yù)測(cè)三

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On a Harmonious Dormitory Life.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:

1.宿舍生活有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)不和諧的情況;2.一個(gè)和諧宿舍生活的必要性;3.如何創(chuàng)造和諧的宿舍生活。

On a Harmonious Dormitory Life

Dormitory life is an indispensable part of college life.But sometimes the harmony in the dormitory be disturbed in one way or another.As is known to all, a harmonious dormitory life is important to college students and benefits all the members.On one hand, we can have a good rest and put our heart into study.On the other hand, we will have a good mood and enjoy being together.There are several ways to create and maintain a harmonious dormitory life.Firstly, you have to evaluate your life-style and try to get rid of your dirty habits, if there are any.Secondly, when an annoying situation arises, you?ll just have to learn to tolerate each other and co-exist.Thirdly, you?ll have to share with each other and make good friends.In conclusion, we should try our best to build a harmonious dormitory life for the sake of good study and good life.點(diǎn)評(píng)：“和諧”成為我們當(dāng)今社會(huì)詞頻概率最高用詞，就社會(huì)而言，倡導(dǎo)建立和諧社會(huì)；就家庭而言，提倡建設(shè)和諧家庭；就校園來講，則要建立和諧校園；和諧兩字似乎無所不在，大學(xué)生宿舍生活同樣需要和諧。本預(yù)測(cè)題與四級(jí)考試熱點(diǎn)密切相關(guān)，又為典型的校園生活主題，值得關(guān)注。

預(yù)測(cè)四

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Brief Introduction to the University.You should write at least 120 words according to the following guidelines:

假設(shè)你是一名學(xué)生志愿者，要給來你們學(xué)校參觀的外國(guó)朋友介紹學(xué)校情況。內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括學(xué)校歷史、規(guī)模、教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀以及未來目標(biāo)等。

A Brief Introduction to the University

Distinguished guests，Welcome to our university.Before you start to look around, allow me to give you a brief account of the school.Founded in 1927, our university is one of this city?s earliest universities of liberal arts.It is staffed with an excellent faculty, and has a total enrollment of over 10,000 students.In the past years, it has turned out numerous well-qualified students and found its graduates active in professions of all walks of life.Since its establishment, the university has always steered itself toward the objective that its students have an overall healthy development.Not only does it provide the students with basic academic courses, but it manages to expose them to the up-to-date knowledge.Besides, students are free to participate in colorful campus activities and social practice, which are intended for broadening their mind and developing their potential talent.Currently, both our faculty and students are making every effort to improve the quality of our education in the direction of a first-rate university.Thank you.點(diǎn)評(píng)：近幾年，隨著我國(guó)順利加入世貿(mào)組織以及經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化步伐的加快，許多國(guó)內(nèi)高校紛紛與國(guó)外大學(xué)合作辦學(xué)，教育走向國(guó)際化成為人們關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)，也是大學(xué)生門比較關(guān)心的熱點(diǎn)問題。本預(yù)測(cè)題為熱議校園生活話題，與2004年旅游景點(diǎn)介紹2006年考查的名校校園開放如出一轍。

預(yù)測(cè)五

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a friend who will come to your city to see you.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:

假設(shè)你是李明, 你的一個(gè)朋友張偉準(zhǔn)備到你所在的城市來旅游，但你有事不能接待。寫封信給他，解釋你不能接待的原因，并說明你所做的安排。

A Letter to a Friend

Dear Zhang Wei，I?m glad to know that you are coming to my city during the summer vacation.However, I?m afraid there?s some bad news.I?m planning to take part in an international conference to be held in another city during the time of your visit.All the top scientists in my field will show up at the conference.More importantly, I?m lucky enough to have been selected to give a speech on behalf of my research team at the Conference.I really can?t miss it.I understand that it?ll be your first time to this city and I?m your only friend here.I?ve asked my roommate to meet you at the airport, and you can stay in my room.He is a very nice person and he will show you around the city.Hope you two will get on well and have a nice holiday!

Yours，Li Ming

點(diǎn)評(píng)：本預(yù)測(cè)題與2001年6月考查的A Letter to a Schoolmate 類似，所不同是寫作提示有所不同，2001年6月作文題是寫信對(duì)校友來度假表示歡迎并在信中提出建議和注意事項(xiàng)，而本預(yù)測(cè)題是對(duì)朋友來訪不能接待，同時(shí)在信中說明原因及具體安排，內(nèi)容不一，但話題相仿，寫作思路相似，值得關(guān)注。預(yù)測(cè)六

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Living alone or Living with Roommates? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1.有人認(rèn)為大學(xué)里應(yīng)獨(dú)自生活

2.另一些認(rèn)為大學(xué)里應(yīng)與別人同住

3.你的看法

Living alone or Living with Roommates

Nowadays, there has appeared a heated discussion among the college students as to whether they should live alone outside the campus or live together with other roommates in the students? dormitory.Opinions are divided over the matter.Those who are in favor of living alone maintain that it is very convenient to live by themselves.They can enjoy absolute freedom in a room of their own.They can have their own timetable without disturbing others.They are also free to equip the room with a personal computer so that they can have easy access to the Internet.But others argue that living with roommates has attractions of its own.With several students sharing the same room, each person?s experiences can be greatly enriched.They can learn a lot from talking to one another.By learning to tolerate the differences between individuals, they can become more mature.As far as I?m concerned, I prefer to live with roommates because I love the feeling of belonging.Besides, it is a lot cheaper to live in a dorm than to rent a apartment outside the campus.點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文與校園生活密切相關(guān)，也是近年來出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，人們對(duì)此的看法各異，2003年后，四級(jí)作文考查加大了學(xué)校生活類題目的考查，因?yàn)檫@類題材不存在地域的差異，不同地域的同學(xué)都有話可說。本預(yù)測(cè)題即為校園生活類話題，與剛考完的四級(jí)作文話題類似，符合命題者出題思路，值得引起重視。

預(yù)測(cè)八

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic

Advertisement.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1.廣告的作用

2.廣告的形式多樣

3.廣告的夸張性

Advertisement

Advertisements are forcing their way into people?s lives.People refer to advertisements in their daily lives because they are consumers.The advertisers are usually manufacturers, retailers and salesmen.Their merchandise needs to be advertised to bring it to the attention to the customers.Thus nearly every product is advertised in some way.To a large extent, good advertising leads to success while bad advertising can mean failure.There are many ways to advertise and ?ads? come in different forms.Newspapers carry advertisements.Some products are publicized on TV and radio which bring them into notice of a wide audience.Billboards also carry advertising.Advertising is a big industry now and many agencies have been set up to furnish a variety of forms..However, advertising is not always truthful.A product is often misrepresented.The advertiser exaggerates the benefits of the merchandise he wants to sell.Thus, he misrepresents the truth.The consumer falls victim to such advertising.Millions of people have bought advertised products and have been dissatisfied with them。

點(diǎn)評(píng)：這是一篇說明文，用說明的表達(dá)方式來解說事物，闡明事理。寫好說明文，不僅要抓住特征，注意條理，而且要巧妙運(yùn)用說明方法，像下定義、舉例子、作比較、分類別、列數(shù)字、打比方等

第三篇：英語四級(jí)考試作文常用句式總結(jié)

英語四級(jí)考試作文常用句式總結(jié)

開頭

Recently, the problem of … has aroused people’s concern.最近,…問題已引起人們的關(guān)注.Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)已在我們的生活中扮演著越來越重要的角色.它給我們帶來了許多好處,但也產(chǎn)生了一些嚴(yán)重的問題.Nowadays,(overpopulation)has become a problem we have to face.如今,(人口過剩)已成為我們不得不面對(duì)的問題了.It is commonly believed that… / It is a common belief that…

人們一般認(rèn)為…

Many people insist that…

很多人堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為…

With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that…

隨著科技的發(fā)展,越來越多的人認(rèn)為…

A lot of people seem to think that…

很多人似乎認(rèn)為…

引出不同觀點(diǎn):

People’s views on… vary from person to person.Some hold that….However, others believe that….人們對(duì)…的觀點(diǎn)因人而異.有些人認(rèn)為…..然而其他人卻認(rèn)為．．．

People may have different opinions on… 人們對(duì)…可能會(huì)有不同的見解.Attitudes towards(drugs)vary from person to person.人們對(duì)待吸毒的態(tài)度因人而異.There are different opinions among people as to… 關(guān)于….人們的觀點(diǎn)大不相同.Different people hold different attitudes toward(failure).對(duì)(失敗)人們的態(tài)度各不相同.結(jié)尾

Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that…把所有這些因素加以考慮,我們自然會(huì)得出結(jié)論…

Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that…

考慮所有這些因素,我們可能會(huì)得出合理的結(jié)論…

Hence/Therefore, we’d better come to the conclusion that…

因此,我們最好得出這樣的結(jié)論…

There is no doubt that(job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.毫無疑問,跳槽有優(yōu)點(diǎn)也有缺點(diǎn).All in all, we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.總之,我們沒有…是無法生活的.但同時(shí),我們必須尋求新的解決辦法來對(duì)付可能出現(xiàn)的新問題.提出建議:

It is high time that we put an end to the(trend).該是我們停止這一趨勢(shì)的時(shí)候了.It is time to take the advice of … and to put special emphasis on the improvement of …

該是采納…的建議,并對(duì)…的進(jìn)展給予特殊重視的時(shí)候了.There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of …

毫無疑問,對(duì)…問題應(yīng)予以足夠的重視.Obviously,….If we want to do something… , it is essential that…

顯然,如果我們想做某事,很重要的是…

Only in this way can we… 只有這樣,我們才能…

It must be realized that… 我們必須意識(shí)到…

預(yù)示后果:

Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that… will lead us in danger.很明顯,如果我們不能控制這一問題,很有可能我們會(huì)陷入危險(xiǎn).No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that…

毫無疑問,除非我們采取有效措施,很可能會(huì)…

It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.Accordingly論證

From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than Accordingly在我看來,支持第一種觀點(diǎn)比支持第二種觀點(diǎn)更有道理.I cannot entirely agree with the idea that… 我無法完全同意這一觀點(diǎn)….Personally, I am standing on the side of … 就個(gè)人而言,我站在…的一邊.I sincerely believe that… 我真誠(chéng)地相信…

In my opinion, it is more advisable to do … than to do….在我個(gè)人看來,做…比做…更明智.Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why…

給出原因:

This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons.First, … Second, … Third, …這一現(xiàn)象的存在是有許多原因的.首先, … 第二, … 第三, …

Why did… ? For one thing… For another….Perhaps the primary reason is…為什么會(huì)…? 一個(gè)原因是… 令一個(gè)原因是… 或許其主要原因是….I quite agree with the statement that… the reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分贊同這一論述,即…,其主要原因如下:

列出解決辦法:

Here are some suggestions for handling… 這是如何處理某事的一些建議.The best way to solve the troubles is… 解決這些麻煩的最好辦法是…

People have figured out many ways to solve this problem.人們已找出許多辦法來解決這個(gè)問題.批判錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)和做法:

As far as something is concerned, ….就某事而言,…

It was obvious that… 很顯然,….It may be true that…, but it doesn’t mean that… 可能…是對(duì)的,但這并不意味著…It is natural to believe that… , but we shouldn’t ignore that…

認(rèn)為….是很自然的,但我們不應(yīng)忽視….There is no evidence to suggest that… 沒有證據(jù)表明…

如何連接

強(qiáng)調(diào)

still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially.Obviously, clearly.比較

like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.對(duì)比

by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.列舉

for example, for instance, such as, take …for example.Except(for), to illustrate.時(shí)間

later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while.順序

first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.可能

presumably, probably, perhaps.解釋

in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.遞進(jìn)

What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.讓步

although, after all, in spite of…, despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.轉(zhuǎn)折

however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately.whereas原因

for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.結(jié)果

as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.總結(jié)

on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.其他

Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly,commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case,圖表作文常用句型

As is shown in the graph… 如圖所示…

The graph shows that… 圖表顯示…

As can be seen from the table,… 從表格中可以看出…

From the chart, we know that… 從這張表中,我們可知…

All these data clearly prove the fact that… 所有這些數(shù)據(jù)明顯證明這一事實(shí),即…The increase of ….In the city has reached to 20%.….在這個(gè)城市的增長(zhǎng)已達(dá)到20%.In 1985, the number remained the same.1985年,這個(gè)數(shù)字保持不變.There was a gradual decline in 1989.1989年,出現(xiàn)了逐漸下降的情況。

第四篇：2012年英語四級(jí)考試重點(diǎn)總結(jié)

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2012年6月英語四六級(jí)考試成績(jī)即將公布，接下來很多同學(xué)就要準(zhǔn)備下半年的考試了，小編為大家搜集了2012年英語四級(jí)考試重點(diǎn)，希望對(duì)大家復(fù)習(xí)備考有所幫助。

一、語法部分考查重點(diǎn)

1、虛擬語氣的考點(diǎn)為：

would rather＋that從句＋一般過去時(shí)；

It is vital／ necessary／ important／ urgent／ imperative／ desirable／ advisable／ natural／ essential＋that＋（should）動(dòng)詞原形；

proposal／suggestion＋that＋動(dòng)詞原形；

It is time／about time／high time＋that＋一般過去時(shí)；

lest＋that＋should＋動(dòng)詞原形；

if only＋that＋would＋動(dòng)詞原形。

2、狀語從句的考點(diǎn)為：

非if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，此類句子多用at times，provided，so long as，in case，once等來替代if；

由even if／so，now that，for all等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句；

just／hardly...when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句；more than，as...as，not so much as，the same as，as much as等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句。

3、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：多以邏輯主語＋分詞的形式出現(xiàn)。

4、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：多與完成時(shí)形式連用。

5、定語從句：重點(diǎn)考查介詞＋關(guān)系代詞（which）和as作為關(guān)系代詞。

二、詞匯部分考查重點(diǎn)

1、動(dòng)詞、名詞與介詞的搭配如：popular／patient＋with；yield／solution／adapt／transfer／access＋to；accuse／require＋of；charge＋for；under＋discussion等等。

2、習(xí)慣用法如：confess to／set about／be used to＋doing；be supposed to／have／make sb．＋do等。

3、由同一動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的短語如：come，go，set，break等構(gòu)成的短語。

4、單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞，抽象名詞，形容詞和副詞多以近義詞、同義詞的形式出現(xiàn)。

5、介詞短語在句中作狀語如：in terms of；with the exception of；in vain等，另外還應(yīng)注意rather than，other than，such as，none／nothing＋but等詞在考題中的出現(xiàn)。

三、英語四級(jí)重要詞組

1.abide by(=be faithful to;obey)忠于；遵守。

2.be absent from?.缺席，不在

3.absence of mind(=being absent-minded)心不在焉

4.absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引?的注意力(被動(dòng)語態(tài))be absorbed i n 全神貫注于?近be engrossed in;be lost in;be rapt in;be concentrated on;be focused on;be centered on

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5.(be)abundant in(be rich in;be well supplied with)富于,富有 6.access(to)(不可數(shù)名詞)能接近,進(jìn)入,了解

7.by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外.Without accident(=safely)安全地，8.of one’s own accord(=without being asked;willingly;freely)自愿地 ,主 動(dòng)地

9.in accord with 與?一致.out of one’s accord with 同?.不一致

10.with one accord(=with everybody agreeing)一致地

11.in accordance with(=in agreement with)依照,根據(jù)

12.on one’s own account 1)為了某人的緣故, 為了某人自己的利益 2)(=at one’s own risk)自行負(fù)責(zé) 3)(=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 賒賬;on account of 因?yàn)?on no account不論什么原因也不;of ?account 有?..重要性.13.take?into account(=consider)把...考慮進(jìn)去

14.give sb.an account of 說明, 解釋(理由)

15.account for(=give an explanation or reason for)解釋, 說明.16.on account of(=because of)由于,因?yàn)?17.on no account(=in no case, for no reason)絕不要,無論如何不要(放句首時(shí)句 子要倒裝)

18.accuse?of?(=charge?with;blame sb.for sth.;blame sth.on sb.;complain about)指控,控告

19.be accustomed to(=be in the habit of, be used to)習(xí)慣于.20.be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of)了解;(=to have met socially)熟悉

21.act on 奉行,按照?行動(dòng);act as 扮演;act for 代理

22.adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)使自己適應(yīng)于

23.adapt?(for)(=make sth.Suitable for a new need)改編, 改寫(以適應(yīng)新的需要)

24.in addition(=besides)此外, 又, 加之

25.in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除?外

26.adhere to(=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, pe rsist in, observe, opinion, belief)粘附;堅(jiān)持, 遵循

27.adjacent(=next to, close to)毗鄰的, 臨近的 28.adjust..(to)(=change slightly)調(diào)節(jié);適應(yīng);

29.admit of(=be capable of, leave room for)?的可能，留有?的余地.30.in advance(before in time)預(yù)告, 事先.31.to advantage 有利的,使優(yōu)點(diǎn)更加突出地.32.have an advantage over 勝過.have the advantage of 由于?處于有利條件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事

33.take advantage of(=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用.34.agree with 贊同(某人意見)agree to 同意

35.in agreement(with)同意, 一致

36.ahead of 在?之前, 超過?;?????.ahead of time 提前.免費(fèi)？宅在家學(xué)英語？怎么報(bào)名？

37.in the air 1)不肯定, 不具體.2)在謠傳中.38.above all(=especially, most important of all)尤其是, 最重要的.39.in all(=counting everyone or everything, altogether)總共, 總計(jì)

40.after all 畢竟,到底;(not)at all 一點(diǎn)也不;all at once(=suddenly)突然;once and for all 只此一次;above all 最重要的;first of all 首先;all in all 大體上說;be all in 累極了;all but 幾乎.41.allow for(=take into consideration, take into account)考慮到, 估計(jì)到.42.amount to(=to be equal to)總計(jì), 等于.43.answer for(undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for)對(duì)?負(fù)責(zé).44.answer to(=conform to)適合,符合.45.be anxious about 為?焦急不安;或anxious for

46.apologize to sb.for sth.為?向?道歉

47.appeal to sb.for sth.為某事向某人呼吁.appeal to sb.對(duì)某人有吸引力

48.apply to sb.for sth.為?向?申請(qǐng);apply for申請(qǐng);apply to 適用.49.apply to 與?有關(guān);適用

50.approve of(=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right)贊成, approve vt.批準(zhǔn)

51.arise from(=be caused by)由?引起.52.arrange for sb.sth.to do sth.安排?做?

53.arrive on 到達(dá);arrive at 到達(dá)某地(小地方);得出,作出;arrive in 到達(dá)某地(大地方);

54.be ashamed of(=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth.done)以? 為羞恥

55.assure sb.of sth.(=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.)向?保證, 使?確信.56.attach(to)(=to fix, fasten;join)縛, 系 ,結(jié)

57.make an attempt at doing sth.(to do sth.)試圖做?

58.attend to(=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顧;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after)侍候,照料

59.attitude to toward ?對(duì)?的態(tài)度.看法

60.attribute?to?(=to believe sth.to be the result of?)把..歸因于.., 認(rèn)為..是..的結(jié)果

61.on the average(=on average, on an average)平均

62.(be)aware of(=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意識(shí)到,知道.63.at the back of(=behind)在?后面

64.in the back of 在?后部(里面);on the back of 在?后部(外面);be on one’s back(=be ill in bed)臥病不起.65.at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb.)支持,維護(hù);have sb.at one ’s back 有?支持, 有?作后臺(tái)

66.turn one’s back on sb.(=turn away from sb.in an impolite way)不理睬(某人),背棄,拋棄

67.behind one’s back 背著某人(說壞話)

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68.be based on upon 基于

69.on the basis of 根據(jù)?, 在?基礎(chǔ)上

70.beat?at 在?運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目上打贏

71.begin with 以?開始.to begin with(=first of all)首先, 第一(經(jīng)常用于開始語)

72.on behalf of(=as the representative of)以?名義

73.believe in(=have faith or trust in;consider sth.sb.to be true)相信,依賴,信仰.74.benefit(from)受益,得到好處.75.for the benefit of 為了?的利益(好處)

76.for the better 好轉(zhuǎn)

77.get the better of(=defeat sb.)打敗, 勝過.78.by birth 在出生上,論出身,按血統(tǒng) at birth 在出生時(shí);give birth to 出生

79.blame sb.for sth.因?責(zé)備某人.blame sth.on sb.把?推在某人身上

80.in blossom開花(指樹木)be in blossom開花(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))come into blossom開花(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)

81.on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火車或飛機(jī)

82.boast of(or about)吹噓

83.out of breath 喘不過氣來

84.in brief(=in as few words as possible)簡(jiǎn)言之

85.in bulk 成批地,不散裝的 86.take the floor 起立發(fā)言

87.on business 出差辦事.88.be busy with sth.于某事。be busy doing sth.忙于做某事

89.last but one 倒數(shù)第二.90.but for(=without)要不是.表示假設(shè)

91.buy sth.for?money 用多少錢買

92.be capable of 能夠, 有能力 be capable of being +過去分詞是能夠被?的 93.in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost , whatever happens;anyhow)無論如何

94.in case(=for fear that)萬一;

95.in case of(=in the event of)如果發(fā)生?萬一 in the case of 至于?, 就?而言

96.in no case在任何情況下都不(放句首倒裝句)

97.be cautious of 謹(jǐn)防

98.center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on)把某人的注意力集中在?上

99.be certain of(=be sure of)有把握, 一定.100.for certain of(=for sure)肯定地,有把握地

“成千上萬人瘋狂下載。。。

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第五篇：英語四級(jí)翻譯總結(jié)

1.中秋習(xí)俗

在中國(guó)月餅是一種特殊的食品，廣受海內(nèi)外華人的歡迎。中秋吃月餅就好比圣誕節(jié)吃餡餅(mince pies)。為了慶祝中秋節(jié)，中國(guó)人通常做兩件事：一是觀賞滿月。二是品嘗美味的月餅。中秋節(jié)是每年農(nóng)歷八月十五日。據(jù)說，這一天的月亮是一年中最圓的。而月亮正是慶賀中秋的全部主題。在中國(guó)人眼中，月餅象征著全家人的大團(tuán)圓。

2.傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)

皮影戲又稱“影子戲”。它是中國(guó)著名民間戲劇形式之一。表演時(shí)藝人通常一邊演唱一邊操縱用獸皮或紙板制作的人物形象。它們的影子通過燈光出現(xiàn)在簾布上。這營(yíng)造了有人物在活動(dòng)的幻象。有時(shí)表演者需要控制三到四個(gè)偶人。皮影戲在我國(guó)歷史悠久，元代時(shí)還曾傳到世界上很多國(guó)家，迷倒了不少國(guó)外戲迷，被人們親切地稱為“中國(guó)影燈”。

3.社交饑渴

手機(jī)，是一項(xiàng)偉大的發(fā)明。但很顯然，手機(jī)也刷新了人與人的關(guān)系。會(huì)議室門口通常貼著一條公告：請(qǐng)與會(huì)者關(guān)閉手機(jī)。可是，會(huì)議室里手機(jī)鈴聲仍然響成一片。我們都是普通人，并沒有多少特別重要的事情。盡管如此，我們也不會(huì)輕易關(guān)掉手機(jī)。打開手機(jī)象征著我們與這個(gè)世界的聯(lián)系。顯然，手機(jī)反映出我們的“社交饑渴癥”。(thirst for socialization)4.北京介紹

北京是座有三千年歷史的古城。早在公元前十一世紀(jì)，北京就是燕國(guó)的國(guó)都，因此北京有燕京之稱。在以后的幾千年里，北京又成為金、元、明、清各朝的國(guó)都。北京是中國(guó)的六大古都之一，其他五個(gè)是西安、南京、洛陽、開封和杭州。北京是座既古老又年輕的城市，有許多名勝古跡。從故宮、天壇到頤和園，你們可以看到北京保留了許多昔日的風(fēng)采。

5.生活習(xí)慣

多少年來，我養(yǎng)成了一個(gè)習(xí)慣：每天早晨四點(diǎn)在黎明以前起床工作。我不出去跑步或散步，而是一下床就干活兒。因此我對(duì)黎明前的北京的了解是在屋子里感覺到的。我從前在什么報(bào)上讀過一篇文章，講黎明時(shí)分天安門廣場(chǎng)上的清潔工人。那情景必然是非常動(dòng)人的，可惜我從未能見到，只是心向往之而已。

6.保護(hù)動(dòng)物

目前，人類的生存環(huán)境正在遭到破壞，美麗的大自然已經(jīng)不那么美麗了。保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物，也就是保護(hù)人類自己。我強(qiáng)烈呼吁：不要再捕殺黑猩猩，不要再捕殺野生動(dòng)物了，讓我們?nèi)祟惗嘁恍┑厍蛏系呐笥眩嘟o我們下一代保留一些野生動(dòng)物吧!否則，地球?qū)缭谌祟愂种?，人類將毀滅在自己手中?.學(xué)習(xí)英語

到中國(guó)來旅游觀光的人很少不會(huì)注意到中國(guó)人學(xué)習(xí)英語的勁頭。公園里有專門的英語角，老老少少會(huì)定期聚在一起操練。馬路上外國(guó)游客常常被學(xué)習(xí)英語的人圍住交談，從天氣到政治，無所不談。各種英語班如雨后春筍在到處出現(xiàn)。

8.發(fā)明創(chuàng)造

過去50年其實(shí)并不是發(fā)明創(chuàng)新的黃金時(shí)期。從1900年到1950年，改變?nèi)祟惿畹陌l(fā)明有汽車、飛機(jī)、電話、收音機(jī)、電視機(jī)——當(dāng)然還有核武器和計(jì)算機(jī)。而近50年來，只有為數(shù)不多的發(fā)明。難道發(fā)明的源泉已經(jīng)枯竭了嗎?答案并非如此。事實(shí)上，發(fā)明的新時(shí)代剛剛開始。

9.電腦技術(shù)

有些人擔(dān)心電腦技術(shù)的廣泛使用會(huì)進(jìn)一步惡化就業(yè)形勢(shì)。但另一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為盡管這對(duì)個(gè)人來說會(huì)丟掉飯碗，對(duì)整個(gè)社會(huì)來說由于提高了生產(chǎn)率，因而有利于經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。不管對(duì)社會(huì)影響如何，有一點(diǎn)是肯定的：有技術(shù)的人變得越來越吃香，沒技術(shù)的人工作越來越難找。

10.個(gè)人集體

不管是在一個(gè)公司，還是在一個(gè)政府里，重大的決定總是個(gè)人作出的，而不是集體。我們需要集體的討論，因?yàn)榭梢越涣骺捶ê徒?jīng)驗(yàn)。但是集體討論不能代替?zhèn)€人的作用。理由很清楚，如要作出一個(gè)重大的決定，集體總是不能對(duì)迅速變化的事件作出同樣迅速的反應(yīng)。

11.學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)

上大學(xué)給人們提供了在無邊無際的知識(shí)海洋里遨游探索的機(jī)會(huì)。為了豐富多彩的人生，大學(xué)生應(yīng)該充分利用目前讀大學(xué)的大好時(shí)光。他們應(yīng)該意識(shí)到上大學(xué)決不僅僅意味著得到一個(gè)學(xué)位，得到一個(gè)好的工作。他們?nèi)绻粷M足于專業(yè)課內(nèi)容，就會(huì)終生受益。

12.文化交流

文化是不同國(guó)家的人們互相理解的最佳媒體。通過舉辦文化節(jié)，許多中國(guó)城市在世界上的知名度提高了。已經(jīng)證明，對(duì)促進(jìn)中國(guó)人民和世界其他地方人民之間的交流來說，這是最好的途徑之一。這種交流不僅僅限于文化方面，還擴(kuò)大到了經(jīng)濟(jì)和其他領(lǐng)域。

13.大四生活

現(xiàn)在大學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)壓力相當(dāng)重。除了大四，他們開始找工作了，其余的學(xué)生總是忙于學(xué)習(xí)，而不愿參加校園團(tuán)體和俱樂部，不愿參加體育鍛煉和其他課外活動(dòng)，不愿與他們的朋友玩玩，不愿關(guān)心和學(xué)習(xí)沒有關(guān)系的事?？傊?，他們就像一個(gè)機(jī)器人。壓力大，時(shí)間少，功課多?？吹酵瑢嬍依锏娜硕忌蠄D書館去學(xué)習(xí)，到深夜閉館才回，而自己卻去看電影，他們就會(huì)有一種內(nèi)疚感。一想到白天什么事都沒干，心里就感到不安，會(huì)整夜因此睡不著覺。他們學(xué)習(xí)太緊張，幾乎沒有時(shí)間好好品嘗生活，干些其他事，成為一個(gè)全面發(fā)展的人。讀大學(xué)使他們失去太多的個(gè)人幸福和健康。

14.人物介紹

徐霞客一生周游考察了十六個(gè)省，足跡幾乎遍及全國(guó)。他在考察的過程中，從不盲目迷信書本上的結(jié)論，從不把權(quán)威看作是真理的唯一基礎(chǔ)。他發(fā)現(xiàn)人研究的地理記載中有許多不很可靠的地方。為了進(jìn)行真實(shí)細(xì)致的考察，他很少乘車坐船，幾乎全靠雙腳翻山越嶺，長(zhǎng)途跋涉;為了弄清大自然的真相，他總是挑選道路艱險(xiǎn)的山區(qū)、人跡稀少的森林進(jìn)行考察，發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多奇山秀景;他常常選擇不同的時(shí)間和季節(jié)，多次重游各地名山，反復(fù)觀察變換的奇景。他不僅善于觀察，觀察的精確、耐心、客觀、而且對(duì)觀察的結(jié)果鍥而不舍地進(jìn)行思考。

15.節(jié)日聯(lián)歡

在這明月當(dāng)空的中秋之夜，我很高興能應(yīng)邀出席貴公司的慶祝晚宴，同各位一起度過一個(gè)輕松、難忘的夜晚。我們平時(shí)忙于各自的工作，幾乎沒有時(shí)間坐下來交談。我希望這次晚會(huì)可以讓我們無所拘束地相互溝通，增進(jìn)友誼。在這個(gè)高度競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的時(shí)代，人際關(guān)系越來越緊張，似乎缺少了傳統(tǒng)意義上的那種人間溫暖的關(guān)懷。我國(guó)的中秋節(jié)不僅給人們提供了團(tuán)聚的機(jī)會(huì)，其意義還包含了關(guān)懷、融洽和奉獻(xiàn)。我為有幸參加這次中秋聚會(huì)，再次表示感謝。

16.人際關(guān)系

有時(shí)候，在工作中重要的倒是能否處理好人際關(guān)系而不是有多大的才能。人際關(guān)系就是一種善于聽取別人的意見，體察別人的需要，虛心接受批評(píng)的能力。善于處理人際關(guān)系的人敢于承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤，敢于承擔(dān)自己的責(zé)任，這是對(duì)待錯(cuò)誤的一種成熟和負(fù)責(zé)任的態(tài)度。這就是為什么許多平平庸庸的公司雇員在大調(diào)整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反而下崗。因?yàn)樗麄兒茏⒁馓幚砀鞣矫娴年P(guān)系，所以八面玲瓏，到處有緣。而人際關(guān)系差的人往往不能處理好批評(píng)。碰到錯(cuò)誤，他們首先想到自己，拒不承認(rèn)自己有錯(cuò)，或情緒低落或大發(fā)雷霆，成為有刺的人，難以相處。

17.網(wǎng)上聊天

網(wǎng)上聊天指的是兩個(gè)或多個(gè)人之間通過計(jì)算機(jī)來同時(shí)進(jìn)行的文學(xué)交流。這種交流是同步的-個(gè)人在他的鍵盤上鍵入信息，和他聊天的人在其電腦屏幕上看見信息后便可以馬上回復(fù)。網(wǎng)絡(luò)聊天也在其特定的專業(yè)術(shù)語。它們?nèi)菀祖I入，使交流更快速。經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)聊天的人使用縮略語，例如BRB意思是“馬上回來”，IMHO是指“依本人之拙見”。數(shù)年前還鮮為人知的電子網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)，時(shí)至今日已成為一個(gè)國(guó)家國(guó)民生活的重要組成部分。越來越多的網(wǎng)民使用人們所知道的“信息高速公路”。

18.外貿(mào)發(fā)展

在過去20年中，世界上沒有任何一個(gè)國(guó)家的外貿(mào)發(fā)展速度像中國(guó)那么快。日本用了20多年時(shí)間才將其外貿(mào)總額翻了一番而中國(guó)卻翻了兩番。中國(guó)現(xiàn)在已是全球第三大電器生產(chǎn)國(guó)，并且正在成為全球電器市場(chǎng)上的主角。中國(guó)還是世界上勞動(dòng)密集型(labor-intensive)產(chǎn)品的主要生產(chǎn)國(guó)。間才將其外貿(mào)總額翻了一番，而中國(guó)卻翻了兩番。

19.經(jīng)濟(jì)地位

自1978年改革開放以來，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)了90倍，是增長(zhǎng)最快的主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體。預(yù)測(cè)2011至2015年，年均GDP增長(zhǎng)會(huì)保持9.5%。中國(guó)是世界最大的出口國(guó)，第二大進(jìn)口國(guó)。它也是世界第二大奢侈品消費(fèi)國(guó)。目前的GDP位于世界第二，大約6萬億美元，相當(dāng)于美國(guó)的四成。中國(guó)是世界工廠。每三件家具，三件玩具，兩雙鞋子，兩件衣服中，就有一件是由中國(guó)制造的。

20.中國(guó)概況

中華人民共和國(guó)，簡(jiǎn)稱中國(guó)，位于東亞，與14個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)接壤。它是世界上人口最多的國(guó)家，有13億人口。中國(guó)有56個(gè)民族，漢族占總?cè)丝?2%。漢語是世界上使用最廣泛也是外國(guó)人最難懂的語言之一。漢語方言很多，使用最廣的是普通話和粵語。漢語發(fā)源于象形文字(hieroglyph)，有超過四萬個(gè)漢字。受過良好教育的人能認(rèn)識(shí)約六千個(gè)字。閱讀報(bào)紙需要認(rèn)識(shí)三千字左右。

1.參考譯文：

Moon cakes are aspecial kind of food in China.They are very popular with the Chinese at homeand abroad.Moon cakes are to Mid-Autumn Festival what mince pies are toChristmas.To celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival, Chinese usually do two things:enjoy the full moon and eat delicious moon cakes.Mid-Autumn Festival falls onthe 15thday of the 8th month of the lunar calendar.Itis the time when the moon is said to be at its brightest and fullest.And themoon is what this celebration is all about.In the eyes of the Chinese people ,a moon cake symbolizes the reunion of all family members.2.參考譯文

The shadow puppetplay, also known as ?shadow play?, is one of China?s famous folk opera forms.During the performance, players usually sing while holing/manipulating humanfigures, which are made of animal skin and paper board.The shadows of thosehuman figures are reflected on a curtain through the light.This creates theillusion of moving images.Sometimes the performer needs to control three orfour puppets.Shadow puppet play enjoys a long history in China.It was introducedto many countries during the Yuan Dynasty and attracted many foreign audience.They call the art form Chinese shadow play.3.參考譯文

The cell phone is agreat invention.But obviously, It has altered the relationship among people.There is usually a notice on the door of the meeting room, which reads, “Pleaseturn off your hand-set.” However, phones ring now and then when the meetinggoes on.We are but ordinary people and have few urgencies to tackle with.Nevertheless, we will not switch off our phones easily.Phones-on symbolizesour connecting with this world.Obviously, cell phone has been reflecting our“thirst for socialization”.4.參考譯文

Beijing is anancient city with a history of 3,000 years.As early as the 11th century, B.C.,it was the capital of the Kingdom of Yan;that's why Beijing is also known asYanjing.In the few thousand years afterwards, Beijing again served as thecapital for the Jin,Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties.Beijing is one of China'ssix ancient capitals;the other five are Xi?an，Nanjing, Luoyang, Kaifeng, and Hangzhou.Beijing is a city both old and young, with many places of historical interestand scenic beauty.From the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, and theSummer Palace, you can see that Beijing has retained a lot of color of oldChinese life.5.參考譯文

For many years, Ihave been in the habit of getting up before daybreak to start work at four.Instead of going out for a jog or walk, I?ll set about my work as soon as I?mout of bed.As a result, it is from inside my study that I've got the feel ofpredawn Beijing.Years ago, I hit upon a newspaper article about streetcleaners in Tian?anmen Square at daybreak.It must have been a very movingscene, but what a pity I haven?t seen it with my own eyes.I can only pictureit in my mind longingly.6.參考譯文

Atpresent, man?s living environment is being ruined, and beautiful nature is nolonger so beautiful.Protection of wild life is protection of man himself.So Iappeal strongly to all to stop killing the chimpanzee or any other wild animal.Let us human beings have more friends on the earth, and leave more wild lifefor future generations.Or the earth would be destroyed by man, and man by manhimself.7.參考譯文

Fewvisitors to China will fail to notice the eagerness of the Chinese to learnEnglish.2)In public parks there are special corners where English learners oldand young gather at regular time to practise their spoken English.3)Foreignvisitors are often besieged on streets by English learners who want to talkwith them in English abut anything from weather to politics.4)English classesare mushrooming across the land 8.參考譯文

Actually the lastfifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation.From 1900 to1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes,telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and thecomputer of course.In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions havebeen made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely.Indeed, a newage of invention is just beginning.9.參考譯文

Some people areworrying that the wide use of computer technology will cause furtherunemployment.Another argument however holds that although some individualswill lose their jobs society as a whole will benefit economically throughincreases in productivity.Despite its effects on society one thing is certain:the technically trained will become ever more valuable while the jobs for theblue-collar population will become less available.10.參考譯文

An importantdecision is always made by individuals not by committees whether it involves acompany or a government.We need committees because that?s where people couldshare their opinions and experiences.But they could not replace individuals.The reason is obvious: a committee faced with a major decision can?t alwaysmove as quickly as the events it is trying to respond to.11.參考譯文

College provides achance to explore the vast areas of unlimited knowledge.To have a rich fulllife a college student should make the most of the opportunities at hand.Heshould realize that going to college means a lot more than earning a degree andsecuring a good job.If he can explore beyond his immediate career objectiveshe will enjoy the rest of his life.12.參考譯文

Culture is the bestmedium for people of different countries to understand each other.Throughculture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in theworld.As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote thecommunication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of theworld.This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extendsto economy and other fields.13.參考譯文

College studentsnow bear heavy academic pressure.You will find them—except seniors who arebeginning to look for a job—always too busy in studies to join campusorganizations, too busy to take part in sports and other extracurricularactivities, too busy to share the interests of their friends and too busy topay attention to anything that is not connected with their studies.In shortthey have become nothing but a robot.They are under pressure to do too muchwork in too little time.If their roommates are studying in the library untilit closes at midnight while they go to a movie they will feel guilty.The veryidea of doing nothing during the day will make them uncomfortable and sleeplessall night.They study so hard that they have hardly had time to savor life andto pursue other interests to grow as well-rounded people.The pursuit ofcollege education costs them too much personal happiness and health.14.參考譯文

During his lifetime Xu Xiake visited 16 provinces leaving his footprints nearly everywhereacross the land.He never blindly accepted the conclusions given by books nordid he treat authority as the sole basis for truth.As a result he found manyinaccuracies in the travel notes on geography written by his predecessors.Inorder to get a detailed and truthful picture of the particular places hepreferred to travel on foot instead of by cart or boat despite long distancesand even ventured into mountainous areas and jungles which are rarely traveledby people and full of dangers.The payoff for his effort was his discovery ofmany fantastic landscapes which attracted him to return in different seasonsand even different hours of the day to observe their kaleidoscopic spectacles.He was not only a good observer accurate patient and objective but also appliedpersistent thought to the observations he made.15.參考譯文

On this mostbeautiful moon-lit mid-autumn evening, I'm very glad to be invited to attendyour company's celebration evening party, and share a relaxing and memorableevening with you.We are so busily engaged in our work that we have virtuallylittle time sitting down and talking to each other.I hope this party will givean opportunity to talk to each other freely, and to increase / enhance personalfriendship.In this era of intensive competition, interpersonal relationsbecome increasingly intense.What appears to be lacking are the traditional humanwarmth and care.China's Mid-autumn Festival does not only provide an occasionfor getting together, but also implies opportunities for care, harmony anddedication.I wish to thank you again for your invitation to / giving me theopportunity to attend this mid-autumn evening party.16.參考譯文

Sometimes it isinterpersonal skills rather than professional skills that really counts in yourcareer.Interpersonal skills are nothing but the ability to be good listener tobe sensitive toward others? needs to take criticism well.People with skill insocial relations admit their mistakes and take their share of blame which is amature and responsible way to handle an error.That?s why many mediocreemployees survive violent corporate upheavals while people of great talent arebeing laid off.Sensitive in their dealings with others they are well likedeverywhere.People with poor interpersonal skills have trouble takingcriticism.When confronted with a mistake they let their ego get in the way.Theydeny responsibility and became moody or angry.They mark themselves as“prickly”.17.參考答案

Online chat refersto the simultaneous text communication between two or more people via computer.It is synchronous-one person types a message on his keyboard, and the peoplewith whom he is chatting see the message appear on their monitors and respondalmost immediately.Chat has its ownjargon.They are easy to type and make the communication more efficient.Peoplewho chat commonly use abbreviations.BRB, for example, means ”be right back”.IMHO means “in my humble opinion”.The electronicnetwork industry, which was virtually unknown years ago, has become an vitalpart of a country?s national life.An increasing population of netizens makeuse of what is popularly known as the “information superhighway”.18.參考譯文

Over the last twodecades, no country in the world has expanded its foreign trade as fast asChina.Japan took more than 20 years to double its foreign trade, while China,for the same length of time, has quadrupled its foreign trade(has increasedits foreign trade by three times..Already the world' s third largest producerof electric appliances, China is now playing a major role in the global marketof the electric wares.China has also become a major producer oflabor-intensive manufactured goods in the world.19.參考譯文

Since economic opening up and reform policy beganin 1978, China?s economy has grown 90 times bigger, and isthe fastest growingmajor economy in the world.China?s annual average GDP growth is predicted tobe 9.5 percent for the period of 2011-2015.It is the world?s largest exporterand the second largest importer of goods.It is also known as the world?ssecond biggest consumer of luxury goods.It now has the world?s second largestGDP at about 6 trillion US dollars, 40 percent of the United States.China

is the world?s factory.One out of every three household appliances/three toys/ two pairs of shoes/ two shirts are made in China.20.參考譯文

The People?s Republic of China, commonly known asChina, is located in East Asia, and borders14 nations or districts in theworld.It is the most populous state in the world with a 1.3 billionpopulation.China?s made of 56 distinctive ethnic groups, with Han Chinesemaking the 92% of its whole population.Chinese is the most widely spokenlanguage in the world as well as one of the most complicated for foreigners.There are many regional dialects of Chinese although the most widely spoken isMandarin and Cantonese.Chinese characters evolved over time from earlier formsof hieroglyphs.Chinese contains over 40,000 characters, but a well-educatedperson can recognized around 6,000 characters.Some 3,000 are required to reada newspaper