第一篇：2011年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試翻譯

2011年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試翻譯

Now let’s begin with the 8 short conversations.1.W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused.I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves.這個(gè)瘋狂的巴士時(shí)間表已經(jīng)讓我完全糊涂了。我不知道什么時(shí)候去克利夫蘭的巴士離開(kāi)。

M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?你為什么不直接去售票窗口詢問(wèn)？ Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?男人如何建議女人做什么？

2.W: I really enjoyed the TV special about giraffes last night.Did you get home in time to see it?我真的很喜歡昨晚關(guān)于長(zhǎng)頸鹿的電視特別節(jié)目。你回家的時(shí)候有同時(shí)看到它的？

M: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.哦，是的，但我希望我能保持清醒的足以看到整個(gè)事情。

Q: What does the man mean?

3.W: Airport, please.I’m running a little late.So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.機(jī)場(chǎng)，請(qǐng)。我會(huì)晚一點(diǎn)。所以就以最快的方式即使不是最直接的。

M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.當(dāng)然，但是有很多交通工具無(wú)的處不在的今天因?yàn)樽闱虮荣悺?/p>

Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?從對(duì)話中我們可以了解女人的什么？

4.W: May I make a recommendation, sir?Our seafood with this special sauce is very good.我可以推薦嗎？先生，我們這個(gè)特殊的醬海鮮是非常好的。

M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish.I’m allergic to it.謝謝你，但是我不吃貝類(lèi)。我對(duì)它過(guò)敏。

Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?

5.W: Now one more question if you don’t mind.What position in the company appeals to you most?現(xiàn)在一個(gè)問(wèn)題如果你不介意的話。在公司什么職位最吸引你？

M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.嗯，我想要銷(xiāo)售經(jīng)理職位如果這個(gè)位置仍然空缺

Q: What do we learn about the man?

6.M: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year.I need more privacy.我明年不想在宿舍生活。我需要更多的隱私。

W: I know what you mean.But check out the cost of renting an apartment first.I won’t be surprised if you change your mind.我知道你的意思。但是首先要看看租公寓的成本。我不會(huì)感到驚訝，如果你改變主意。

Q: What does the woman imply?

7.M: You’re on the right track.I just think you need to narrow the topic down.你在正確的軌道上。我只是覺(jué)得你需要縮小話題。

W: Yeah, you’re right.I always start by choosing too board a topic when I’m doing a research paper.是的，你是對(duì)的。當(dāng)我正在做一項(xiàng)研究論文，我總是首先選擇太板的話題

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

8.W: This picnic sure beats the last one we went to, doesn’t it?這次野餐肯定打敗我們上次去的，不是嗎？

M: Oh, yeah.We had to spend the whole time inside.Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time.哦，是的。我們花了整個(gè)時(shí)間里。好的東西，這次是天氣合作

Q: What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?

Now you will hear the two long conversations.Conversation one

M: When I say I live in Sweden,people always want to know about the seasons.當(dāng)我說(shuō)我住在瑞典，人們總是想知道季節(jié)。

W: The seasons?

M: Yeah, you know, how cold it is in winter,what it's like when the days are so short.是的，你知道，在冬天有多冷，像是在白天很短。

W: So what is it like?所以它是什么樣的？

M: Well, it is cold, very cold in winter,sometimes as cold as 26 degrees below centigrade.And of course when you go out, you wrap up warm.But inside in the houses it’s always very warm,much warmer than at home.Swedish people always complain that when they visit England,the houses are cold, even in a good winter.嗯，很冷，很冷的冬天，有時(shí)攝氏26度以下的冷。當(dāng)然，當(dāng)你出去時(shí)，你穿得暖和。但在房子里面總是很溫暖，比在家更溫暖。瑞典人總是抱怨他們?cè)L問(wèn)英國(guó)時(shí)，房子都是冷的，即使在冬天。

W: And what about the darkness?那黑夜呢

M: Well, yeah, around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight,so you really look forward to the spring.It is sometimes a bit depressing.But you see the summers are amazing.From May to July in the North of Sweden,the sun never sets.It’s still light at midnight.You can walk in the mountains and read a newspaper.嗯，是的，圣誕節(jié)的時(shí)候只有一個(gè)小時(shí)的日光，所以你真的期待春天。有時(shí)候有點(diǎn)令人沮喪。但是你看夏天是令人驚奇的。從五月到七月在瑞典北部，不落的太陽(yáng)。它仍然發(fā)光在午夜。你可以走在山上看報(bào)紙。

W: Oh, yeah, the land of the midnight sun.午夜太陽(yáng)之地。

M: That’s right, but it’s wonderful.You want to stay up all night.And the Swedes makes the most of it.Often they start work earlier in summer and then leave at about two or three in the afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long summer evenings.They like to work hard, but play hard, too.I think Londoners work longer hours,but I’m not sure this is a good thing.是的，但它是美妙的。你要熬夜。而且瑞典人充分利用它。通常他們開(kāi)始早起工作在夏天，然后在下去兩三點(diǎn)離開(kāi)。因此他們能真正享受漫長(zhǎng)的夏天的夜晚。他們?cè)敢馀ぷ?，但是也努力打球。我認(rèn)為倫敦人工作更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，但我不確定這是一件好事。

Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.9.What do we learn about the man from the conversation?

10.What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter?

11.How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden?男人如何描述在瑞典圣誕節(jié)的白晝時(shí)間較短的？

12.What does the man say about the Swedish people?

Conversation Two

W: What kind of training does one need to go into this type of job?一個(gè)進(jìn)入這類(lèi)型的工作需要什么樣的培訓(xùn)嗎？

M: That’s a very good question.I don’t think there is any, specifically.這是一個(gè)很好的問(wèn)題。我認(rèn)為沒(méi)有任何的，具體的。

W: For example, in your case,what was your educational background?例如，在你的情況，你的教育背景是什么？

M: Well, I did a degree in French at Nottingham.After that, I did careers work in secondary

schools like the careers guidance people here in the university.Then I went into local government because I found I was more interested in the administrative side,then progressed on to universities.So there wasn’t any plan and there was no specific training.There are plenty of training courses in management techniques and committee work which you can attend now.嗯，我獲得了一個(gè)學(xué)位在法國(guó)的諾丁漢。之后，我獲得一個(gè)在中學(xué)的職業(yè)工作就像是大學(xué)在就業(yè)指導(dǎo)的人。然后我走進(jìn)了當(dāng)?shù)卣?，因?yàn)槲野l(fā)現(xiàn)我在行政方面更感興趣，然后進(jìn)展到大學(xué)。所以那里沒(méi)有任何計(jì)劃，也沒(méi)有具體的培訓(xùn)。有大量的培訓(xùn)課程關(guān)于管理技術(shù)和你現(xiàn)在可以參加的委員會(huì)工作。

W: But in the first place, you did a French degree.但首先，你獲得了一個(gè)法國(guó)的學(xué)位

M: In my time, there wasn’t a degree you could do for administration.I think most of the administrators I’ve come across have degrees in all sorts of things.在我的時(shí)間，沒(méi)有一個(gè)學(xué)位是可以做行政的。我想我遇到的最高行政管理員在各種各樣的東西上都有學(xué)位。

W: Well, I know in my case,I did an English literature degree and I didn’t really expect to end up doing what I am doing now.好的，我知道我的情況，我獲得了一個(gè)英語(yǔ)文學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位，我真的想結(jié)束我現(xiàn)在正在做的。

M: Quite.相當(dāng)?shù)摹?/p>

W: Were you local to Nottingham, actually?Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University?你是諾丁漢當(dāng)?shù)厝藛幔聦?shí)上的？你還有什么理由去諾丁漢大學(xué)

M: No, no.I come from the north of England,from west Yorkshire.Nottingham was one of the universities I put on my list,and I like the look of it.The campus is just beautiful.不，我來(lái)自英格蘭北部，西約克郡的一所大學(xué)。諾丁漢是我寫(xiě)在名單上的大學(xué)之一，我喜歡它的外觀。是個(gè)美麗的校園。

W: Yes, indeed.Let’s see.Were you from the industrial part of Yorkshire?是的，事實(shí)上。讓我看看。你從約克郡工業(yè)的一部分？

M: Yes, from the Woolen District.是的，從羊毛區(qū)。

Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.What was the man’s major at university?

14.What was the man’s job in secondary schools?

15.What attracted the man to Nottingham University?是什么吸引人到諾丁漢大學(xué)？ Section B

Directions: Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Passage One

While Gail Obcamp, an American artist,was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan,she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners had their eyes closed.美國(guó)藝術(shù)家，在日本的毛筆繪畫(huà)藝術(shù)的演講 一個(gè)觀眾，其中包括來(lái)自日本的游客，她很困惑，看到她的許多日本聽(tīng)眾閉著雙眼。

Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form,or they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her?

Obcamp later found out thather listeners were not being disrespectful.Japanese listeners sometimes closed their eyes to enhance concentration.Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words.Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of a minority group in North America.Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings.Here are some examples.In the deaf culture of North America,many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air.In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America,listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker.Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact.In some countries,whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.What did Obcamp’s speech focus on?

17.Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech?

18.What does the speaker try to explain?

Passage Two

Chris is in charge of purchasing

and maintaining equipment

in his division at Taxalong Company.He is soon going to have an evaluation interview

with his supervisor and the personnel director

to discuss the work he has done in the past year.Salary, promotion and plans for the coming year

will also be discussed at the meeting.Chris has made several changes

for his division in the past year.First, he bought new equipment

for one of the departments.He has been particularly happy

about the new equipment

because many of the employees have told him

how much it has helped them.Along with improving the equipment,Chris began a program to train employees

to use equipment better

and do simple maintenance themselves.The training saved time for the employees

and money for the company.Unfortunately,one serious problem developed during the year.Two employees that Chris hired were stealing,and he had to fire them.Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing

and maintenance manager for the whole company

will be open in a few months,and he would like to be promoted to the job.Chris knows, however,that someone else wants the new job, too.Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance

in another division of the company.She has also made several changes over the year.Chris knows that his boss likes Kim’s work,and he expects that his work

will be compared with hers.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passageyou have just heard.19.What is Chris’s main responsibilityat Taxalong Company?

20.What problem did Chris encounter in his division?

21.What does Chris hope for in the near future?

22.What do we learn about Kim from the passage?

Passage Three

Proverbs, sometimes called sayings,are examples of folk wisdom.They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down to the younger people to teach them about life.Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture.Values teach people how to act,what is right, and what is wrong.Because the values of each culture are different,understanding the values of another culture helps explain how people think and act.Understanding your own cultural values is important too.If you can accept that people from other cultures act according to their values, not yours,getting along with them will be much easier.Many proverbs are very old.So some of the values they teach may not beas important in the culture as they once were.For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to the proverb “Haste makes waste”, because patience is not important to them.But if you know about past values,it helps you to understand the present.And many of the older values are still strong today.Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat,writer and scientist, died in 1790,but his proverb “Time is money” is taken more seriouslyby Americans of today than ever before.A study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are shared by many cultures.In many cases though,the same idea is expressed differently.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.Why are proverbs so important?

24.According to the speaker,what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time?

25.What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?

Section C

Directions: In this section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.Now listen to the passage.Our lives are woven together.As much as I enjoy my own company,I no longer imagine I can get through a single day,much less all my life, completely on my own.Even if I am on vacation in the mountains,I am eating food someone else has grown,living in a house someone else has built,wearing clothes someone else has sewn from clothwoven by others, using electricitysomeone else is distributing to my house.Evidence of interdependence is everywhere.We are on this journey together.As I was growing up,I remember being carefully taught that independencenot interdependence was everything.“Make your own way”, “Stand on your own two feet”,or my

mother’s favorite remarkwhen I was face-to-face with consequences of some action:“Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it!”Total independence is a dominant theme in our culture.I imagine that what my parents were trying to teach mewas to take responsibility for my actions and my choices.But the teaching was shaped by our cultural images,and instead I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally “independent”and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help.I would do almost anything not to be a burden,and not require any help from anybody.This is the end of listening comprehension.

第二篇：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試翻譯技巧

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試翻譯技巧綜述

現(xiàn)代翻譯理論認(rèn)為，句子是最重要的翻譯單位。大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試中的翻譯題型也是以句子翻譯為主?？忌绻軌蚴炀氄莆站渥臃g的基本方法，那么對(duì)于處理四級(jí)考試中的句子翻譯題必將是如虎添翼。

考題分析：

分值：5%

時(shí)間：5 mintues

題型：漢譯英，根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示補(bǔ)譯五個(gè)不完整的英文句子，要求翻譯的英文句意正確，表達(dá)

清楚?？碱}相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)不難，原因有三：

其一，考題只考查漢譯英，沒(méi)有英譯漢。大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀教材中，每課都有漢譯英譯句練習(xí)，應(yīng)該是學(xué)生非常熟悉的題型;

其二，內(nèi)容單純，不需要專(zhuān)業(yè)理論知識(shí)。題目?jī)?nèi)容既沒(méi)有高難度的新聞翻譯、文學(xué)翻譯，也不涉及科技經(jīng)貿(mào)翻譯中的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)，只是一般的短句翻譯，沒(méi)有大主題語(yǔ)境，也談不上翻譯的“信、達(dá)、雅”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)； 第三，名為翻譯，實(shí)為補(bǔ)全句子，考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞組運(yùn)用知識(shí)。每句只涉及15個(gè)左右的英語(yǔ)詞，需添入的部分也只有3到8個(gè)單詞，其中隱含著四級(jí)水平考生應(yīng)當(dāng)掌握的句型、語(yǔ)法、詞組知識(shí)點(diǎn)。解題步驟：

1.認(rèn)真審題，正確理解題意。

審題時(shí)，一定要注意一些涉及比較或是副詞的表達(dá)，以免翻譯時(shí)有所遺漏。

2.下筆翻譯以前要先思考該題的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：

要不要使用詞組或句式，有沒(méi)有固定搭配，是否包含從句，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用什么時(shí)態(tài).根據(jù)以往考題總結(jié)，翻譯部分考察的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)只要有：定語(yǔ)從句，狀語(yǔ)從句，倒裝句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句，虛擬語(yǔ)氣，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，句子的時(shí)態(tài)與主謂一致問(wèn)題。

3.答題時(shí)若遇到不會(huì)的單詞或表達(dá)式，要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)題意，靈活處理，只要譯文的意思與題目的要求相一致就可以。

4.最后要檢查一遍譯文，重點(diǎn)檢查主謂是否一致，代詞與介詞的使用是否正確，動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)使用是否正確，名次單復(fù)數(shù)是否正確

我們可以根據(jù)以下五個(gè)樣題例句內(nèi)容來(lái)推測(cè)可能考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：

1.The substance does not dissolve in water _______________(不管是否加熱)。

本句意為：不管是否加熱，這種物質(zhì)都不會(huì)溶解于水。

前半句所給的信息并不重要，考生憑四級(jí)詞匯知識(shí)可以理解substance(物質(zhì))和dissolve(溶解)兩個(gè)單詞的意義?？紤]提示部分的漢語(yǔ)，“不管…是否…”即“whether… or …”，很容易找到這個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)。關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)在于對(duì)“加熱”的理解，是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)處理，從上下文意義推斷出是water被加熱，所以我們采用被動(dòng)方式，即whether(it is)heated or not，填入部分作讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，it is可以被省略。

考查重點(diǎn)：

從句知識(shí)：尤其讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，注意復(fù)習(xí)whether… or…, though, no matter how等表達(dá)的用法。分詞用法：注意辨別現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞，同時(shí)考慮動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的運(yùn)用。

2.Not only ___________________(他向我收費(fèi)過(guò)高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.本句意為：他不但向我收費(fèi)過(guò)高，而且東西修理得不怎么樣。

本句中要考慮兩個(gè)層面，首先是動(dòng)詞“收費(fèi)”的對(duì)應(yīng)詞，應(yīng)當(dāng)是“charge”?！斑^(guò)高”則往往使用too high或too much, 由于主體內(nèi)容是金錢(qián)而不是溫度，我們用經(jīng)常搭配的“much”。更加巧妙的用詞是“overcharge”，恰好可以把意思?xì)w并到一起。還要考慮的是本句中“not only…but…”結(jié)構(gòu)中出現(xiàn)了否定詞前置到句首的現(xiàn)象，自然是倒裝句的標(biāo)志。結(jié)合后半句的一般過(guò)去時(shí)形式，我們不得不把助動(dòng)詞did提煉出來(lái)，按照倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯成“Not only did he charge me too much”或者“Not only did he overcharge me”。

考查重點(diǎn)：

倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)中的否定詞前置現(xiàn)象。

類(lèi)似的知識(shí)點(diǎn)還要注意Never/Neither/Hardly/Scarcely等否定詞在句首的倒裝情況。

3.Your losses in trade this year are nothing ______________________(與我的相比)。

本句意為“你在生意中的損失與我的相比不值一題?！?/p>

翻譯時(shí)有兩個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)容易出錯(cuò)，首先，“與…相比”考查詞組知識(shí)，四級(jí)程度同學(xué)應(yīng)當(dāng)掌握“compared with”或者“in comparison with”, 但常有考生把 “compare with”與“compare to”(把…比做)混淆，或者沒(méi)有考慮過(guò)去分詞形式。此外，“我的”應(yīng)當(dāng)使用物主代詞所有格“mine”，此處不宜寫(xiě)成“my losses”?？疾橹攸c(diǎn)：

詞組知識(shí)：需要考生把握大批類(lèi)似compare with以及名詞形式in comparison with的詞組或短語(yǔ)，其中固定搭配需要使用的介詞/副詞非常重要。

分詞形式：在句子中做修飾成分與前者構(gòu)成主動(dòng)被動(dòng)關(guān)系至關(guān)重要。

4.On average, it is said, visitors spend only _____________________(一半的錢(qián))in a day in Leeds as in London.本句意為：據(jù)說(shuō)，游客平均一天在利茲花掉的錢(qián)只有在倫敦的一半那么多。

顯然本句在拿as…as…結(jié)構(gòu)做文章。因?yàn)槭潜容^關(guān)系，把在Leeds和在London的費(fèi)用做比較，所以后半句有明確的“as”一詞。空缺部分是要有 “as”,還要有 “half”和“money”。關(guān)鍵是次序如何調(diào)理。根據(jù)比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的倍數(shù)原則，倍數(shù)數(shù)字放在最開(kāi)始，接下去有關(guān)于量的as much+n.+as, 因此本句要填入 “half as much money”。

考查重點(diǎn)：

比較結(jié)構(gòu)：本句考查同級(jí)比較中的倍數(shù)關(guān)系，類(lèi)似表達(dá)還有twice as much(many)as…

5.By contrast, American mothers were more likely__________________(把孩子的成功歸因于)natural talent.本句意為：相比較，美國(guó)的母親們更可能把孩子的成功歸因于天賦。

本句再次在詞組方面進(jìn)行考查，“把…歸因于…”是大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考查率極高的一個(gè)語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)，有時(shí)表達(dá)因果關(guān)系最復(fù)雜的動(dòng)詞詞組。應(yīng)當(dāng)熟練把握 “attribute…to…”的拼寫(xiě)和用法。此外，不要忽略另外一個(gè)詞的用法,“be likely to …”表示“容易”、“可能”等意義，稍不小心就會(huì)把to漏掉?？傊?，需要填入的部分拼貼在一起就是“to attribute their children’s success to”。

考查重點(diǎn)：

動(dòng)詞詞組，表示因果關(guān)系的attribute… to…。

需要熟練掌握用法的還有l(wèi)ead to, result in, result from, be to blame for, be responsible for。

另外，還要學(xué)會(huì)使用拼寫(xiě)類(lèi)似的詞組contribute to，表示“有助于，對(duì)…做出貢獻(xiàn)”。

如果仔細(xì)研究以上樣題的考點(diǎn)，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)新四級(jí)在放棄專(zhuān)門(mén)的詞匯語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)題型后，把相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)設(shè)置到了其它的幾種題型中，那么我們辛辛苦苦準(zhǔn)備的倒裝句、虛擬語(yǔ)氣、分詞、從句、詞組仍然有用武之地，所以準(zhǔn)備新四級(jí)千萬(wàn)不要與以往的知識(shí)割裂。所謂的“萬(wàn)變不離其宗”，如果我們熟練掌握四級(jí)大綱規(guī)定的詞匯、詞組、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，并且活學(xué)活用，就不會(huì)被千變?nèi)f化的題型嚇倒。

常用的句子翻譯方法：正反、反正表達(dá)法，分句、合句法。

由于民族文化和思維方式不同，英漢兩種語(yǔ)言在表達(dá)同一概念時(shí)所采用的方式就有所不同。在表達(dá)否定概念時(shí)，英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)使用的詞匯、語(yǔ)法、語(yǔ)言邏輯就有很大的差異。漢語(yǔ)中有些詞、短語(yǔ)或者句子是從反面表達(dá)的，而譯成英語(yǔ)時(shí)則需要從正面進(jìn)行表達(dá)，如例

1、例

2、例3。反之，漢語(yǔ)中有些從正面表達(dá)的詞、短語(yǔ)或者句子，譯成英語(yǔ)時(shí)需要從反面進(jìn)行表達(dá)，如例

4、例

5、例6。此外，漢語(yǔ)還有一些特殊的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，如雙重否定(例7)、否定轉(zhuǎn)移(例8)在譯成英語(yǔ)時(shí)也需要引起我們的注意。

I.漢語(yǔ)從反面表達(dá)，譯文從正面表達(dá)

例1：他提出的論據(jù)相當(dāng)不充實(shí)。

譯文：The argument he put forward is pretty thin.例2：我們確信，年輕一代將不會(huì)辜負(fù)我們的信任。

譯文：We are confident that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust.例3：他七十歲了，可是并不顯老。

譯文：He was 70, but he carried his years lightly.II.漢語(yǔ)從正面表達(dá)，譯文從反面表達(dá)

例4：他這個(gè)人優(yōu)柔寡斷，而且總是反復(fù)無(wú)常。

譯文：He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious.例5：調(diào)查結(jié)果清清楚楚地顯示病人死于心臟病。

譯文：The investigation left no doubt that the patient had died of heart disease.例6：這類(lèi)舉動(dòng)遲早會(huì)被人發(fā)覺(jué)的。

譯文：Such actions couldn’t long escape notice.III.特殊的否定句式

例7：有利必有弊。

譯文：There is not any advantage without disadvantage.例8：我們?cè)谀莻€(gè)城市從未因?yàn)槭仟q太人而遭受歧視。

譯文：In that city, we had never suffered discrimination because we were Jews.很多情況下，翻譯句子的時(shí)候，需要調(diào)整原來(lái)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，分句法和合句法是調(diào)整原文句子的兩種重要的方法。所謂分句法就是把原文的一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句譯為兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的句子。所謂合句法就是把原文兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句或一個(gè)復(fù)合句譯成一個(gè)單句。

I.分句法

漢譯英時(shí)，需要分譯的句子多數(shù)是長(zhǎng)句，或者是結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的復(fù)句。這種句子如果譯成一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句，就會(huì)使譯文冗長(zhǎng)、累贅、意思表達(dá)不清楚，也不符合英文習(xí)慣。如果采用分譯，則會(huì)使譯文簡(jiǎn)潔、易懂、層次分明。如以下五個(gè)例子：

例1.少年是一去不復(fù)返的，等到精力衰竭時(shí)，要做學(xué)問(wèn)也來(lái)不及了。(按內(nèi)容層次分譯)

譯文： Youth will soon be gone，never to return.And it will be too late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years.例2.她隔窗望去，突然發(fā)現(xiàn)有只小船停泊在河邊，船里有位船夫睡得正香。(從主語(yǔ)變換處分譯)

譯文： Looking through the window, she suddenly spotted a boat moored to the bank.In it there was a boatman fast asleep.II.合句法

英漢兩種語(yǔ)言的句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完全相同，盡管英語(yǔ)句子日趨簡(jiǎn)潔，但是從句套從句，短語(yǔ)含短語(yǔ)的句型也是頻頻出現(xiàn)。一般而言，一個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子的信息包含量要大于一個(gè)漢語(yǔ)句子，因此，我們?cè)谧鰸h譯英的時(shí)候，常常把漢語(yǔ)的兩個(gè)句子，甚至更多句子，合譯成英語(yǔ)的一句。使用合句法還可以使譯文緊湊、簡(jiǎn)練。如以下三個(gè)例子： 例：一代人與一代人之間的沖突，也就是年輕人與老年人的沖突，似乎是最可笑的。因?yàn)檫@就是現(xiàn)在的自己與將來(lái)的自己，或者說(shuō)過(guò)去的自己與現(xiàn)在的自己的沖突。(在關(guān)聯(lián)詞處合譯)

譯文：A conflict between the generations between youth and age seems the most stupid, for it is one between oneself as one is and oneself as one will be, or between oneself as one was and oneself as one is.

第三篇：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯

一、歷史文化

四大文明古國(guó)：中國(guó)位于亞洲東部，是世界上人口最多的國(guó)家。中國(guó)是世界四大文明古國(guó)之一，擁有大量的中華文化光輝的古跡，此外，中國(guó)地大物博，擁有茂密的森林、雄偉壯麗的瀑布、秀麗的湖泊以及如利劍直插云霄的山峰，所有這些都令世界各國(guó)人民神往。但是，更重要的是，中國(guó)以擁有五千多年的歷史而自豪，遺留下無(wú)數(shù)的歷史文物，其中包括珍貴珠寶、古跡名勝、宮殿及數(shù)不盡的雄偉建筑，令人驚嘆不已。這種種原因都促使中國(guó)成為許多人夢(mèng)寐以求的旅游勝地。

China lies in the east of Asia and it has the largest population in the world.China is also one of the four countries in the world that have an ancient civilization, Besides ,it has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests, magnificent waterfalls, majestic and beautiful rivers and lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the sky like swords.All these make China a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world.But, most importantly, China boasts a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical relics left over from the long past, such as priceless pearls and jewels, historic sites and scenic spots, palaces and edifices of architectural richness, all of which have won people’s admiration.You are sure to find great enjoyment from all these attractions in China, a much-admired dream land.中華傳統(tǒng)文化：中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深，源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)。早在2000多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學(xué)說(shuō)和以老莊為代表的道家學(xué)說(shuō)，以及其他許多也在中國(guó)思想史上有地位的學(xué)說(shuō)流派，這就是有名的“諸子百家”。從孔夫子到孫中山，中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化有它的許多珍貴品質(zhì)，許多人民性和民主性的好東西。比如，強(qiáng)調(diào)仁愛(ài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)群體，強(qiáng)調(diào)和而不同，強(qiáng)調(diào)天下為公。特別是“天下興亡，匹夫有責(zé)”的愛(ài)國(guó)情找，“民為邦本”，“民貴君輕”的民本思想，“己所不欲勿施于人”的待人之道，吃苦耐勞，勤儉持家，尊師重教的傳統(tǒng)美德，世代相傳。所有這些，對(duì)家庭，國(guó)家和社會(huì)起到了巨大的維系與調(diào)節(jié)作用。

The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long,long course.More than 2,000 years ago, there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism represented by Lao Zi and ZhuangZi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term” the masters’hundred schools.” The traditional Chinese culture presents many precious idea sand qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic.For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, on seeking harmony without uniformity and on the idea that the world is for all.Especially, patriotism as embodied in the saying ”Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country”;the populist ideas that “people are the foundation of the country” and that “people are the more important than the monarch”;the code of conduct of “Treat othersas you want to be treated”.And the traditional virtues taught from generation to generation: endurance and hard working diligence and frugality in household management ,and respecting teachers and valuing education.All of which have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.漢語(yǔ)：從某種意義上說(shuō)，漢語(yǔ)是一種很古老的語(yǔ)言，其最早的漢字已有近四千年的歷史了。漢字在其漫長(zhǎng)的發(fā)展史中演化成許多不同的書(shū)寫(xiě)形式，例如篆書(shū)、隸書(shū)、楷書(shū)和行書(shū)。中國(guó)書(shū)法家往往使?jié)h字的字形夸張以取得藝術(shù)效果，例如旅游勝地的一些石刻碑文。中國(guó)書(shū)法是一門(mén)研究藝術(shù)，隨著各位學(xué)習(xí)興趣的提高，我們將適時(shí)介紹中國(guó)書(shū)法的流派，以及如何欣賞中國(guó)書(shū)法的藝術(shù)性。

In a sense ,Chinese is a very old language, and its earliest characters date back nearly four thousand years ago.During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms, such as the Sealscript, Clerical script, Regular script and Running script.Chinese calligraphers usually render their Chinese characters in ways that exaggerate the form to yield artistic beauty, such as those in stone inscriptions seen in tourist resorts.Chinese calligraphy is a subject of artistic study.As your interest in Chinese character system increases in the days to come, we will introduce in due time the different schools of Chinese calligraphy, and how to appreciate the artistic beauty of Chinese calligraphy.孔子：孔子(ConfUcius)是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中國(guó)儒學(xué)(the Ru School)思想的創(chuàng)始人。儒學(xué)(Confucianism)，這個(gè)道德和宗教哲學(xué)的大系統(tǒng)建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教學(xué)上。馮友蘭，中國(guó)思想史上20世紀(jì)偉大的的權(quán)威之一，把孔子在中國(guó)歷史上的影響比作西方的蘇格拉底。Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought.Confucianism, the great system of moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Kung.Fung You-lan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, compares Confucius9 influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.紅樓夢(mèng)：《紅樓夢(mèng)》問(wèn)世二百年以來(lái),通過(guò)漢文原文和各種譯文讀過(guò)此書(shū)的人,不知有多少億!這么多的讀者哪一個(gè)是先看批評(píng)家的文章,然而再讓批評(píng)家牽著鼻子走,按圖索驥地去讀原作呢?我看是絕無(wú)僅有的。一切文學(xué)作品,特別是象《紅樓夢(mèng)》這樣偉大的作品,內(nèi)容異常地豐富,涉及到的社會(huì)層面異常地多,簡(jiǎn)直象是一個(gè)寶山，一座迷宮。而讀者群就更加復(fù)雜，他們來(lái)讀《紅樓夢(mèng)》，會(huì)各就自己的特點(diǎn)，欣賞該書(shū)中的某一個(gè)方面，受到鼓舞，受到啟發(fā)，引起了喜愛(ài);也可能受到打擊，引起了憎惡。總之是千差萬(wàn)別。

Ever since the publication of A Dream of Red Mansions some 200 years ago, hundreds of millions of people have read its Chinese original or its translations in various languages.Of these innumerable people, how many have read the novel by starting with a perusal of the critics' articles and allowing themselves to be led by the nose by the critics as to how to read the novel? Next to none.All literary works, especially a monumental one like A Dream of Red Mansions, are extremely rich in content and involve perse social strata-to such an extent that they virtually resemble a mountain of treasure or a labyrinth.And the readers are even more complicated, differing from each other in family background.They will each appreciate a certain aspect of the novel according to their own inpiduality.They may feel inspired and enlightened, and hence love it, or they may feel hurt, and hence loathe it.In short, the reactions vary.二、傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日 春節(jié)：春節(jié)慶?；顒?dòng)是一年中最重要的慶祝活動(dòng)。中國(guó)人慶祝春節(jié)的方式可能略微不同，但其愿望幾乎是相同的，他們希望其家人和朋友來(lái)年健康和幸運(yùn)。春節(jié)慶?；顒?dòng)通常持續(xù)15天。慶?；顒?dòng)包括春節(jié)的年夜飯，放鞭炮，給兒童壓歲錢(qián)，春節(jié)鐘聲和春節(jié)問(wèn)候。大多數(shù)中國(guó)人將在春節(jié)的第7天停止慶祝活動(dòng)，因?yàn)槿珖?guó)性節(jié)假通常在這一天結(jié)束，但在公共場(chǎng)所的慶?；顒?dòng)可能最終持續(xù)到正月十五。Chinese New Year Celebration is the most important celebration of the year.Chinese people may celebrate the Chinese New Year in slightly different ways but their wishes are almost the same;they want their family members and friends to be healthy and lucky during next year.Chinese New Year Celebration usually lasts for 15 days.Celebratory activities include Chinese New Feast, firecrackers, giving lucky money to children, the New Year bell ringing and Chinese New Year Greetings.Most of Chinese people will stop the celebrating in their home on the 7th day of New Year because the national holiday usually ends around that day, however celebrations in public areas can last until the 15th day of New Year.清明節(jié)：清明節(jié)的習(xí)俗是豐富有趣的，除了講究禁火、掃墓，還有踏青、蕩秋千、蹴鞠、打馬球、插柳等一系列風(fēng)俗體育活動(dòng)。相傳這是因?yàn)榍迕鞴?jié)要寒食禁火，為了防止寒食冷藏傷身，所以大家來(lái)參加一些體育活動(dòng)，以鍛煉身體。因此，這個(gè)節(jié)日既有祭掃新墳生別死離得悲酸淚，又有踏青游玩的歡笑聲，是一個(gè)富有特色的節(jié)日。

Ching MingFestival(the Tomb-sweeping Festival), the custom is full of interesting.In addition to pay attention to ban fire, tomb-sweeping, as well as spring outing, swinging, Cuju, playing polo, Liu inserted a series of custom sports.According to legend, this is because the Ching Ming Festival to Cold Food Observance ban fire, in order to prevent the Cold Food Observance buffet beverages, so we come to participate in some sports, in order to exercise.Therefore, this festival which has both the acid tears of sorrow for the died and the laughter from the players, is adistinctive holiday.元宵節(jié)：與大多數(shù)中國(guó)節(jié)日一樣，元宵節(jié)同樣有自己的特色小吃，成為“湯圓”(也叫“元宵”)。湯圓外形圓圓的，外皮由糯米制成，內(nèi)陷或甜或辣。人們都說(shuō)湯圓有兩個(gè)象征之意，一為農(nóng)歷的第一個(gè)月圓，二為家庭團(tuán)聚圓滿。元宵節(jié)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗中還有一部分是關(guān)于猜燈謎的游戲。在過(guò)去，這些謎語(yǔ)大多出自于模糊的文學(xué)典故和中國(guó)古典文學(xué)之中，所以猜燈謎以前多為知識(shí)份子的“領(lǐng)地”。踩高蹺，敲大鼓和舞龍獅也是元宵節(jié)主要的娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)。

Like most Chinese festivals, the Lantern Festival has its own special food, called “tangyuan”.These are round, glutinous rice dumplings with sweet or spicy fillings.The dumplings are said to symbolize both the first full moon and family utility and completeness.Part of the lantern festival tradition involves a game to guess riddles attached to the lanterns.In the old days the riddles were obscure literary allusions to the Chinese classics and so were mainly the preserve of the educated classes.Stilt-walking ,drumming and dragon and lion dancing are the main entertainment forms of the Lantern Festival.端午節(jié)：端午節(jié)，又叫龍舟節(jié)，是為了紀(jì)念?lèi)?ài)國(guó)詩(shī)人屈原。屈原是一位忠誠(chéng)和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他給國(guó)家?guī)?lái)了和平和繁榮。但最后因?yàn)槭艿秸u謗（vilify）而最終投河自盡。人們撐船到他自盡的地方，拋下粽子，希望魚(yú)兒吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身軀。幾千年來(lái)，端午節(jié)的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和賽龍舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。The Duan WuFestival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patrioticpoet Qu Yuan.Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as are sult of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of QuYuan’s body.For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.中秋節(jié)：農(nóng)歷八月十五日是中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日——中秋節(jié)。在這天，每個(gè)家庭都團(tuán)聚在一起，一家人共同觀賞象征豐裕、和諧和好運(yùn)的圓月。此時(shí)，大人們盡情吃著美味的月餅，品著熱騰騰的香茗，而孩子們則在一旁拉著明亮的兔子燈盡情玩耍。月宮里美麗的仙女嫦娥的神話故事賦予了這個(gè)節(jié)日神話色彩。傳說(shuō)古時(shí)候，天空曾有10個(gè)太陽(yáng)圍著地球旋轉(zhuǎn)。后翌射下了其中9個(gè)太陽(yáng)，拯救了地球上的生靈。他偷了長(zhǎng)生不老藥，卻被妻子嫦娥偷偷喝下，從而產(chǎn)生了嫦娥奔月的故事。

The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar month.It is atime for family members to congregate and enjoy the full moon, which is a symbol of abundance, harmony and luck.Adults usually indulge in fragrant mooncakes of various kinds with a good cup of hot Chinese tea, while the children run around with their brightly-lit rabbit lanterns.The festival wasendowed a mythological flavour with legends of Chang-E, the beautiful lady inthe moon.According to Chinese mythology, the earth once had 10 suns circling over it.Hou Yi, shot down 9 of the suns to save all the lives on carth.Hestole the elixir of life, which can make people immortal.However, his wife ,Chang-E drank it.Thus the legend of Chang-E flying into the moon came int obeing.三、傳統(tǒng)事物

筷子：中國(guó)人使用筷子已經(jīng)有3 000多年的歷史了。中國(guó)的筷子夾菜的一端是圓的，象征著天；另一端是方的，象征著地。這是因?yàn)?，維持充足的食物供應(yīng)是天地之間最重要的事情。中國(guó)有個(gè)古老的風(fēng)俗，女子出嫁時(shí)要用筷子當(dāng)嫁妝，因?yàn)椤翱曜印迸c“快子”諧音。根據(jù)中國(guó)的餐桌禮儀，吃飯時(shí)一直握著筷子是不禮貌的。將菜送入口中后，應(yīng)立刻把筷子放下。吃飯時(shí)，用筷子指著別人會(huì)對(duì)其造成冒犯。

There has been a history of more than 3 000 years for the Chinese to have meals with chopsticks.Chinese chopsticks are round on the eating end which symbolizes the heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes the earth.It is because maintaining an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between the heaven and the earth.There is an old custom in the past in China, that chopsticks should be apart of a girl’s dowry.Kuaizi(chopsticks)is pronounced the same as “kuaizi”.The latter symbolized “quick” and “son”.According to the Chinese traditional table manners, it is impolite to hold the chopsticks all the time over the meal.As soon as one person sends a bite into his mouth, he should putdown the chopsticks.It would offend others to point at them with chopsticks over the meal.文房四寶：在中國(guó)，筆、墨、紙、硯（ink slab），就是人們所說(shuō)的“文房四寶”，在中華文明的傳承中起了重要作用。文房四寶不僅有實(shí)用價(jià)值，它們本身也是供人觀賞的藝術(shù)品，并逐步成為收藏品。文房四寶品類(lèi)繁多，豐富多彩，選材制作不斷趨于完善、精美，歷代都有名品、名匠產(chǎn)生，成為一種深厚的文化積淀。在當(dāng)今時(shí)代，使用筆、墨、紙、硯進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)、寫(xiě)作的人越來(lái)越少了，但是，在中國(guó)的書(shū)法、繪畫(huà)、收藏以及修身養(yǎng)性活動(dòng)中，它們?nèi)云鹬豢商娲淖饔谩?/p>

In China, “four treasures of the study” refers to “writing brush”, “ink stick”, “paper” and“ink slab”, playing an important role in passing on Chinese civilization.They not only have their value of practical use, but also become the works of art for appreciation and collection.There is a large variety of these four treasures.Selecting of materials and making process have become increasingly delicate and perfect.Each dynasty of Chinese history saw famous craftsmen appear and works produced, which is a profound process of cultural accumulation In contemporary times, “four treasures of the study” have been increasingly rarely used for study or writhing, but they are still playing anir replaceable role in the field of Chinese calligraphy, painting, collection and in the activities of cultivating one's mind.中國(guó)結(jié)：中國(guó)結(jié)（The Chinese Knot）是一種古老的藝術(shù)形式。人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，繩結(jié)可以追朔到10萬(wàn)年前。中國(guó)人不僅用繩結(jié)來(lái)固定、包裹、狩獵、捕魚(yú)，還用來(lái)記錄事件，而且有些繩結(jié)純粹起裝飾作用。中國(guó)結(jié)具有文化內(nèi)涵（cultural connotation）。由于結(jié)在漢語(yǔ)中的發(fā)音與“吉”相近。吉的意思是“福、祿、壽、喜、財(cái)、安、康”，這是中國(guó)人永恒的追求，因此有些中國(guó)結(jié)表達(dá)出人們的各種愿望。例如：新婚夫婦的房間通常用一個(gè)盤(pán)長(zhǎng)結(jié)（Pan-chang Knot）來(lái)裝飾，象征著永恒的愛(ài)情。The Chinese Knot is an ancient art form and artifacts could be found as far back as 100 000years ago.Chinese people used knots for more than justfastening , wraping, hunting, fishing.Knots were also to record events ,and someknots had purely ornamentak functions.The Chinese Knot has cultural connotations.Since knot is pronounce d as“jie” in Chinese similar with that of “ji”,which means blessing,goodsalary,longevity,happpiness,fortune,safety and health and is the everl astingpursuit of Chinese people ,some Chinese Knots espress people's various hopes.Forexample ,the room of newlyweds is usually decorated with a Pan-Chang Knot to symbolizeeternal love.八大菜系：中國(guó)一個(gè)幅員遼闊、資源豐富、歷史悠久的多民族國(guó)家，每個(gè)民族都有其獨(dú)特的豐富菜肴。地域菜系在地理環(huán)境、氣候、文化傳統(tǒng)、民族風(fēng)俗和其他因素的影響下經(jīng)過(guò)悠久歷史的發(fā)展已經(jīng)成形。最有影響力、最具代表性的是魯、川、粵、閩、蘇、浙、湘、徽菜系，這八種被人們稱為“八大菜系”。中國(guó)的“八大菜系”是以多種多樣的烹飪方法區(qū)分的，各有其長(zhǎng)處。

China is atime-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources,and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes.Regional cuisines havetaken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographicalenvironment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors.Themost influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and HuiCuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”.Dishes in the“Eight Major Cuisines” in China are characterized by persified cooking skills,with each having its strong points.四、傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)

京?。壕﹦”环顬橹袊?guó)的國(guó)粹，來(lái)源于18世紀(jì)晚期的安徽和湖北的當(dāng)?shù)貏》N。京劇是中國(guó)所有劇種中最有影響力和代表性的，在中國(guó)乃至世界享有聲譽(yù)。京劇完美融合了多種藝術(shù)形式。京劇集傳統(tǒng)音樂(lè)、舞蹈、詩(shī)歌、雜耍、武術(shù)于一身，以華麗的戲服、逼真的臉譜和程式化的演出套路而聞名。京劇臉譜上每一種圖形和亮麗的顏色都有象征意義：紅色表示忠誠(chéng)，藍(lán)色表示殘暴，黑色表示正直。Known as China’s national opera, Peking Opera originated in the late 18th century from the basis of some local operas in Anhui and Hubei Provinces.Peking Opera is the mostinfluential and representative of all operas in China.It has won great popularity not only in China but also throughout the world.Peking Opera is aharmonious combination of many art forms.It is a synthesis of traditional music, dancing, poetry, acrobatics and martial arts.It is famous for itsexquisite costumes, beautiful make-up or painted face, and established performing conventions and rules.Each of patterns and brilliant colors on the painted face has a symbolic meaning: red suggests loyalty;blue suggests cruelty;black suggests honesty.武術(shù)：武術(shù)在我國(guó)源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)，是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的瑰寶。我們知道，一個(gè)民族的優(yōu)秀文化遺產(chǎn)，不僅僅屬于一個(gè)民族，它會(huì)逐漸傳播到世界而成為人類(lèi)的共同財(cái)富。// 為了更好的推廣武術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)，使其與奧運(yùn)項(xiàng)目接軌，中國(guó)武協(xié)和國(guó)際武聯(lián)做了大量的艱苦卓絕的工作?，F(xiàn)在武術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)已被列為一種具有與保齡球運(yùn)動(dòng)和國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)舞同等地位的奧運(yùn)表演項(xiàng)目。//武術(shù)的蓬勃發(fā)展，除得益于其項(xiàng)目本身的吸引力之外，早期移居海外的一代武術(shù)大師功不可沒(méi)。//老一代武術(shù)家在海外播種下了武術(shù)的種子，使武術(shù)這門(mén)既可以自衛(wèi)又可以健身的運(yùn)動(dòng)很快就在新的土地上扎下了根。今天高超的武術(shù)大師已遍布世界各地，武術(shù)愛(ài)好者也與日俱增。

Wushu, or Chinese martial art, can be traced back to ancient times.It is a gem of Chinese traditional culture.As well know, the fine culture of a nation does not belong to the nation alone and it will be spread to the rest of the world and shared by all humanity.// The Chinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation(IWUF)have been working very hard to popularize wushu and make the Chinese martial art closer to the Olympic Movement.Wushu was accepted to join bowling and international standard dance as an Olympic demonstration event.//The booming of wushu is attributed not only to the attractiveness of the sport but also to emigrant Chinese wushu masters over the years.// Martial artists of the older generation shave sown wushu seeds in foreign countries.Wushu, which can be used as self defense and can keep practitioners fit and strong, soon became popular on new lands.Today superb wushu masters are active all over the world, and amateurs are on the increase with each passing day.獅舞：獅舞（Lion Dance）是中國(guó)最廣為流傳的民間舞蹈之一。獅為百獸之首，在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)中，獅子被視為是能帶來(lái)好運(yùn)的吉祥物（mascot）。古人將獅子視作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驅(qū)趕邪惡、保護(hù)人類(lèi)。據(jù)記載，獅舞已擁有了2,000多年的歷史。在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），獅舞就已經(jīng)被引入了皇室。因此，舞獅成為元宵節(jié)（the Lantern Festival）和其他節(jié)日的習(xí)俗，人們以此來(lái)祈禱好運(yùn)、平安和幸福。

The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China.The lion is the king of animals.In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck.Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans.The dance has are corded history of more than 2,000 years.During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty.Therefore ,performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.四六級(jí)考試的作文題目無(wú)非就是兩類(lèi)： 第一．和自己發(fā)展有關(guān)的個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)成功話題； 第二．和社會(huì)現(xiàn)象相關(guān)的學(xué)校社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)話題； 而四六級(jí)的寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)很固定： 第一段：引出話題（對(duì)于圖畫(huà)描述）第二段：闡釋話題 第三段：總結(jié)話題

第一類(lèi)話題需要大家說(shuō)自己的認(rèn)識(shí)，其實(shí)就是喊出一些無(wú)用的口號(hào)，并且的變了方的把這些口號(hào)喊的比較復(fù)雜，人在成長(zhǎng)成功過(guò)程中的品質(zhì)通常包括了：某種品質(zhì)對(duì)成功很重要: 可能出現(xiàn)的主題詞：

順境與逆境(Favorable Circumstances and adverse Circumstances)勤奮（diligence;painstaking work）謹(jǐn)慎和堅(jiān)毅（prudence and determination）熱情和樂(lè)觀（, enthusiasm and optimism）

博學(xué)和求知（learnedness and seeking knowledge/pursuit of knowledge）絕望和堅(jiān)持（Frustration and perseverance）獨(dú)立性問(wèn)(independence)感恩(gratitude)創(chuàng)新(creation and innovation)鼓勵(lì)(encouragement)自滿和謙遜（self-satisfied and modest）合作（cooperation）等：注意替換主題詞就可以了.All in all, by cooperation among each other, we will be able to explore a wider world and reach further horizon.Furthermore, whatever difficulty or situation we are confronted with, those who have the spirit of cooperation and team work are nearer to success.Just as John Adams, the second U.S.president quoted from the ancient Greek Aesop’s Fables,“United we stand, divided we fall.”

自信：(confidence)

(可以把獨(dú)立換成考場(chǎng)上需要你寫(xiě)的主題詞，比如，the spirit of impendence等)

社會(huì)和學(xué)校話題：

對(duì)于學(xué)校社會(huì)話題同樣是喊出口號(hào)，分析利弊，不可能寫(xiě)出太多實(shí)質(zhì)的話題：

常見(jiàn)的話題：

1． 資源保護(hù)(Energy and Resource Saving)環(huán)境保護(hù)(Environmental protection)低碳環(huán)保（low-carbon life）旅游對(duì)環(huán)境的影響（2． 人口增長(zhǎng)(The growth of China’s population)3． 社會(huì)保障問(wèn)題(Social security fund)4． 假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品問(wèn)題(Counterfeits and unqualified products)食品安全(food safety)5． 消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)問(wèn)題(The protection of consumers rights and interests)6． 社會(huì)誠(chéng)信的缺失（Honest is the best policy.It pays to be honest.）

It is not hard to notice that without honesty/credibility, hardly can individuals or organizations make money, take profits, let alone obtain wealth in the long term, especially in this fiercely competitive modern world, I argue.我認(rèn)為，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，要是沒(méi)有誠(chéng)信在這樣一個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中，從長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看個(gè)人和組織是很難賺到錢(qián)，賺到利潤(rùn)的，更不必說(shuō)獲得財(cái)富了。

7.知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)問(wèn)題（Intellectual Property protection.No plagiarizing）8． 微博和微信的強(qiáng)勢(shì)崛起（The rise of the WeiBo,Wechat）9． 傳統(tǒng)文化的傳播（traditional Chinese culture）

It is my view that national culture as priceless spiritual treasure should be preserved and cherished.Meanwhile, there are good reasons to advocate international culture.While global economic integration has fostered thorough cultural interchanges, it is multiculturalism that essentially makes the society and its people diverse, colorful, vigorous and open-minded.Nevertheless, certainly, when we are confronted with a different culture, we should be sensible enough to absorb its essence and to resist its dark side.Only in this way can we promote cultural development positively and make our world dimensional, colorful and vigorous.孝敬父母（caring parents）(filial piety)Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our parents can enjoy their life to the uttermost.10． 提高學(xué)生的身體素質(zhì)（physical exercise build a strong body and relieve pressure and keep a pleasant mood）

11． 大學(xué)生的就業(yè)（sticking to our own choice of following our parent’s arrangement）

Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our graduates can enjoy their careers to the uttermost.12． 大學(xué)城的建造（the construction of university town）

Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our students can enjoy their study to the uttermost.先談社會(huì)話題：

負(fù)面的話題無(wú)非要涉及解決的問(wèn)題，正面話題就是展望未來(lái)，現(xiàn)在送大家一些在考研和四六級(jí)中正負(fù)面話題都能用的表達(dá)：

The general public is supposed to enhance their awareness that 大眾需要提升對(duì)于…的意識(shí)是，In view of the complexity of such a topic, we must treat it socially, economically and culturally.考慮到話題的復(fù)雜性，我們必須從社會(huì)，經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化角度來(lái)對(duì)待這個(gè)話題。

In a sense, it is not why sth.exists in today’s world but what we should do to cope with it.總之，不是討論為什么在今天的世界會(huì)存在這種話題，而在于我們應(yīng)該怎么去應(yīng)對(duì)他。

文章最后一定能用到的表達(dá)：

In view of the importance and the complexity of such a positive/negative phenomenon, we must treat it socially, economically and culturally and maintain it the very force that has driven our society/或 life forward.Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which people can enjoy their life to the uttermost./或in which student can enjoy their study to the uttermost.特別警惕，四六級(jí)還可以出一些應(yīng)用文作為考察的對(duì)象，這里附上一篇?dú)g迎辭； My dear new friends, You are welcomed to join in our English club.I am very glad that you will be a part of our fantastic club.Established in 2001, our club has celebrated her 10th birthday.In the past ten years, a lot of interesting activities have been designed and organized.Our most famous activities include talk shows, speech competition and role play competition.In our club, you will have ample opportunities to enjoy English movies, meet foreign friends and of course practice your oral English with them.I am sure you will enjoy happy moments in our club and make progress in your English learning.

第四篇：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯

1.琴棋書(shū)畫(huà)

中國(guó)人最懂得消遣，中國(guó)從前的讀書(shū)人，閑暇時(shí)間以琴棋書(shū)畫(huà)作為消遣。在中國(guó)人看來(lái)，藝術(shù)品的好壞，意味著作者人格的高低，所以彈琴、下棋、寫(xiě)字和繪畫(huà)，都代表一個(gè)人的修養(yǎng)。彈琴不是要做音樂(lè)家，而是隨著美妙的琴聲，進(jìn)入一個(gè)遼闊的世界，凈化自己的心靈。下棋不是為了勝負(fù)，而是磨練耐性和使人眼光遠(yuǎn)大。寫(xiě)字不僅是把字寫(xiě)漂亮，同時(shí)也是為了陶冶情操。繪畫(huà)則是借著畫(huà)面上的簡(jiǎn)單線條，表現(xiàn)自己的想象的世界。

Music, chess, calligraphy and painting

Chinese people have the best idea about recreation.Scholars of ancient times enjoyed themselves through music, chess, calligraphy and painting in their leisure time.In the eyes of the Chinese people, the quality of the artifacts is a reflection of the character of the creator.Thus, playing musical instruments, playing chess, writing calligraphy or painting show one’s culture.By playing music, one does not aim to be a musician but to enter a broader world, purifying one’s soul in the beautiful music.By playing chess, one does not aim to be the winner but to cultivate patience and foresight.By calligraphy, one aims not only to write beautifully but also to improve his mind.Through painting, one expresses an imaginary world with simple lines.2.孝

孝是中國(guó)人的一種最重要的民族美德?？鬃诱J(rèn)為孝道是各種美德的基礎(chǔ)。孟子認(rèn)為，如果人人都能孝順父母，尊敬長(zhǎng)輩，就可以使天下太平。一個(gè)人如果能盡孝道，就不會(huì)做出越禮犯法的行為。而且，孝順父母的人往往性情淳厚，有見(jiàn)義勇為的品德，對(duì)于公益事業(yè)一定熱心。社會(huì)的組成分子如果能推廣孝順父母的品德，熱心公益，就會(huì)使社會(huì)更容易進(jìn)步。Filial piety Filial piety is the most important national virtue to the Chinese people.Confucius considered it to be the foundation of other virtues.Mencius believed that if everyone had filial piety for his parents and respect for older generations, there would be peace in the world.Those with filial piety will break neither etiquette nor the law.Such people are usually simple in nature, courageous in a just cause and enthusiastic in promoting the public good for sure.If society is eager for filial piety and ardent for the public good, it will be easier to make progress.3.中文

越來(lái)越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性。中國(guó)的崛起，使他們認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處---既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。這些人對(duì)中文的態(tài)度幾乎完全改變了。曾幾何時(shí)，他們還驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文?，F(xiàn)在，他們已開(kāi)始積極支持孩子學(xué)習(xí)中文和中國(guó)文化，而且還不時(shí)送孩子來(lái)中國(guó)游覽，欣賞壯觀的自然風(fēng)光，了解豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。

Chinese language An increasing number of Chinese parents overseas with English education background have realized how important it is for their children to command Chinese as well as to master indispensable English.The rise of china has awakened their awareness of the benefits of bilingual study of their children, both to increase their chances of employment and to facilitate their contact and familiarity with tow different cultures: the Oriental and the Occidental.They have almost completely changed their attitudes towards Chinese.At one time they proudly declared that they only knew English.Now, they have begun to positively support their children’s study of Chinese and Chinese culture, and send them on frequent visits to China to admire its magnificent natural scenery and learn its cultural heritage.4.元宵節(jié)

正月十五元宵節(jié)是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，也是春節(jié)之后的第一個(gè)重要節(jié)日。這是一年中第一個(gè)月圓之夜，也是大地回春的夜晚，人們對(duì)此加以慶祝，也是慶賀新春的延續(xù)。按中國(guó)民間的傳統(tǒng)，在這天上皓月懸掛的夜晚，人們要點(diǎn)起彩燈萬(wàn)盞，以示慶賀。中國(guó)幅員遼闊，歷史悠久，所以關(guān)于元宵節(jié)的習(xí)俗在全國(guó)各地也不盡相同，其中吃元宵、賞花燈、猜燈謎等是元宵節(jié)重要的民間習(xí)俗。Lantern festival The lantern festival on the 15th day of the first month in the lunar calendar is a traditional festival of the Chinese nation, and the first important one after Spring Festival.This is the first full moon night of the year, and also marks the return of spring, for which people continue their celebration of the New Year.In keeping with folk tradition in china, people light thousands of color lanterns for celebration on this moon-lit night.Because of its vast territory and long history, china has many different customs for Lantern Festival across the country, among which eating yuanxiao(sweet, sticky rice dumplings), admiring beautiful lanterns and guessing lantern riddles are the most important.5.中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化

中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深、源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)。早在兩千多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的道家學(xué)說(shuō)。從孔夫子到孫中山，中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化有許多珍品，比如強(qiáng)調(diào)仁愛(ài)、強(qiáng)調(diào)群體、強(qiáng)調(diào)天下為公、特別是強(qiáng)調(diào)吃苦耐勞、尊師重教的傳統(tǒng)美德。所有這些都對(duì)家庭、社會(huì)和國(guó)家都起到了巨大的維系和調(diào)節(jié)作用。

Traditional Chinese Culture

Traditional Chinese Culture, extensive and profound, enjoys a long history.More than 2000 years ago Chinese Confucianism and Taoism emerged, founded by Confucius and Mencius, and Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, respectively.From example, it stresses the importance of kindness and love, the interests of the community, the idea that the world is for all, and especially the traditional virtues such as diligence and endurance, respecting teachers and valuing education.All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the society and the country.6.誠(chéng)信原則

中國(guó)人以前都生活在大家庭李，有很多親戚相互來(lái)往。男人在外面做事謀生，也會(huì)結(jié)交許多朋友。中國(guó)人交朋友，秉持的最重要的原則是“誠(chéng)”和“信”。自己以誠(chéng)心待人，自然可以換來(lái)真實(shí)的友誼；尊重別人，自然會(huì)被尊重。而且要信守諾言，絕不欺騙。中國(guó)人不僅把這些原則應(yīng)用在私人的交往上，在和其他國(guó)家辦理外交的時(shí)候，也同樣遵守這些原則。

Sincerity and faithfulness In the past, the Chinese lived in extended family groups, with many relatives as their social contacts.The men of the family would also make many friends in the course of making their way in the world.Chinese people try to maintain two most important principles in friendship: sincerity and faithfulness.They exchange sincerity for true friendship as might be expected, and receive respect by respecting others.They keep their promises without deceit.Chinese people not only apply these principles in personal contacts, but also follow them in their diplomatic relations with other countries.7.中藥

眾所周知，在最近兩百年之前的大部分時(shí)間里，人類(lèi)一直依賴傳統(tǒng)藥物與疾病斗爭(zhēng)。各大文明古國(guó)幾乎都有自己的民族醫(yī)藥體系，其中又以中國(guó)的中醫(yī)藥體系最為完備，成就最大?？梢哉f(shuō)，中國(guó)的中醫(yī)藥體系是古代醫(yī)藥科學(xué)的最高表現(xiàn)。中藥絕大部分來(lái)源于天然的植物，其次是動(dòng)物、礦物等。中國(guó)各地使用的中藥已達(dá)5000種左右，用各種藥材配成的方劑，更是數(shù)不勝數(shù)。

Chinese medicine As is commonly known, until the most recent two centuries people fought against disease with traditional drugs.Ancient civilizations all had their own national drug system, among which the Chinese system was the most comprehensive and achieved the greatest results.We could say that the Chinese traditional drug system is the supreme representation of the type.Traditional Chinese drugs come mostly from natural plants.With some from animals and minerals.There are about 5000 traditional drugs in use across China, and countless prescriptions made with those drugs.8.清明節(jié)

清明節(jié)是中國(guó)人掃墓的日子。中國(guó)人的鄉(xiāng)土觀念很重，他們認(rèn)為世界雖然廣大，但只有自己曾經(jīng)親手耕耘過(guò)的這塊土地最可愛(ài)。這塊土地屬于他們，同樣的，他們也屬于這塊土地。傳說(shuō)從前中國(guó)人出遠(yuǎn)門(mén)的時(shí)候，身邊總要帶一包故鄉(xiāng)的泥土，這樣他就不會(huì)輕易生病。一個(gè)人即使死在他鄉(xiāng)，他的家人總要想辦法把他的遺體運(yùn)回去，葬在故鄉(xiāng)的土地上。

Tomb-sweeping Day Tomb-sweeping day is the day for Chinese people to pay respect to their ancestors at their graves.Chinese people have strong loyalty to their hometown, believing the land they have cultivated is the most precious, no matter where they may go in the vast world.The land belongs to them and they belong in their own land.It is said that Chinese people of ancient times, when out of town, would take some soil from their hometown to protect them from illness.When one dies in a foreign land, his family will go to great lengths to carry back his remains to be buried in his own land.9.中國(guó)畫(huà)

中國(guó)畫(huà)線條簡(jiǎn)單，卻能給人無(wú)限的想象空間。所以中國(guó)人看畫(huà)，事實(shí)上是在心里作畫(huà)。也許有人會(huì)問(wèn)： 中國(guó)的山水畫(huà)家為什么老是喜歡畫(huà)一些簡(jiǎn)陋的茅房，而不畫(huà)高大的建筑呢？這是因?yàn)橹袊?guó)人覺(jué)得物質(zhì)生活是短暫的，人的精神卻是永恒的。一個(gè)人如果領(lǐng)悟了天地的遼闊，山水的永久，他還能不覺(jué)察自己的渺小，而變得謙虛嗎？

Chinese Painting Chinese painting, though simple in line, inspires a boundless realm of imagination.Therefore, when Chinese people appreciate their paintings, they are actually painting in their mind.Some may ask: why do Chinese landscape painters love to paint shabby cottages instead of high buildings? It is because they sense the brevity of physical life but the eternity of the human spirit.If one realizes the boundlessness of heaven and earth and the eternity of mountains and rivers, how could he be otherwise than humble at his own insignificance in the universe?

10.世界多元文化

一個(gè)音符無(wú)法表達(dá)出優(yōu)美的旋律，一種顏色難以描繪出多彩的畫(huà)卷。世界是一座豐富多彩的藝術(shù)殿堂，各國(guó)人民創(chuàng)造的獨(dú)特文化都是這座殿堂里的瑰寶。人類(lèi)歷史發(fā)展的過(guò)程，就是各種文明不斷交流、融合、創(chuàng)新的過(guò)程。人類(lèi)歷史上各種文明都以各自的獨(dú)特方式為人類(lèi)進(jìn)步做出了貢獻(xiàn)。我們應(yīng)該積極維護(hù)世界多樣性，推動(dòng)不同文明的對(duì)話和交融，相互借鑒而不是相互排斥，使人類(lèi)更加和睦幸福，讓世界更加豐富多彩。

Cultural Diversity

A composer cannot write an enchanting melody with only one note, and a painter cannot paint a landscape with only one pigment.The world is a treasure house displaying unique cultural achievements created by people from all countries.The history of human development is the process of different civilizations interacting with each other for mutual enrichment, and all civilization have contributed to the progress of mankind in their own way.We should uphold the diversity of the world, enhance dialogue and interaction between civilizations, and draw on each other’s strengths instead of being mutually exclusive.When this is done, mankind will enjoy greater harmony and happiness, and the world will become a more colorful place to live.11.端午節(jié)

根據(jù)傳說(shuō)，楚國(guó)政治家兼詩(shī)人屈原憂國(guó)憂時(shí)，在五月五日投江自盡。人們敬愛(ài)這位愛(ài)國(guó)詩(shī)人，駕船尋找他的遺體，卻沒(méi)有找到。后來(lái)人們把糯米包在竹葉里面，做成粽子，駕著小船到達(dá)出事地點(diǎn)，把粽子丟到水里，當(dāng)做祭品，這就是粽子和龍舟比賽的起源。在南方水鄉(xiāng)，每年端午節(jié)都有龍舟比賽。

Dragon Boat Festival

According to legend, Qu Yuan, a politician and poet in the Chu Kingdom of ancient China, jumped into the river on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, committing suicide in his concern about the current circumstances and future fate of the country.In their reverence for the patriotic poet, people rowed out in boats to make glutinous rice dumplings, rowed to the site of the suicide, and threw them into the water as a sacrifice.This is the origin of both glutinous rice dumplings and the dragon boat race.In the riverside towns of south China, there dragon boat races every Dragon Boat Festival.12.孔子學(xué)院（Confucius Institute）是中國(guó)在世界各地設(shè)立的教育和文化交流機(jī)構(gòu)。推廣漢語(yǔ)、傳播中國(guó)文化是設(shè)立該機(jī)構(gòu)的目的。孔子學(xué)院最重要的一項(xiàng)工作就是給世界各地的漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者提供標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的教材以及正規(guī)的漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)渠道。全球首家孔子學(xué)院于2004年在韓國(guó)首爾（Seoul）成立，目前已遍布106個(gè)國(guó)家?？鬃訉W(xué)院有力地推動(dòng)了中國(guó)文化的交流與融合（integration）。

Confucius Institute is an institute of education and cultural communication established by China all over the world.Its aim is to promote Chinese language and spread Chinese culture.The most important task of Confucius Institute is to provide standard textbooks and a formal channel to learn Chinese for learners all over the world.The first Confucius Institute opened in 2004 in Seoul, South Korea.At present, it has been established in 106 countries.Confucius Institute has greatly promoted the exchange and integration of cultures between China and the rest of the world.13.大熊貓被稱為“中國(guó)國(guó)寶”（China’s national treasure）是中國(guó)特有的動(dòng)物。大熊貓外表黑白相間，體型肥胖，是一種溫順可愛(ài)的動(dòng)物。它們主要生活在中國(guó)西南地區(qū)，80%以上分布于四川境內(nèi)。它們習(xí)慣居住在溫暖潮濕的環(huán)境中，喜歡吃竹類(lèi)。由于生育率低，對(duì)生活環(huán)境的要求又相當(dāng)高，它們的數(shù)量越來(lái)越少。中國(guó)政府早已意識(shí)到這一問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性，所以做出了很多努力來(lái)保護(hù)這一瀕危物種。

Referred to as “China’s national treasure”, panda is an animal unique to China.With a black and white coat as well as a fat body, it is a gentle and lovely animal.Pandas live mainly in the southwest part of china, over 80% of them living in Sichuan Province.They are accustomed to living in warm and wet environment.Bamboo is their favorite food.Because of low birth rate and high requirement for living environment, the number of pandas is declining.Having realized the seriousness of the problem, Chinese government has made a lot of efforts to protect the endangered species.

第五篇：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯

2014年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)及解析10

如今，越來(lái)越多的大學(xué)生抱怨很難找到好工作。造成這一現(xiàn)象的原因如下：首先，大學(xué)生把在校的大多數(shù) 時(shí)間都用在了專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)上，只有當(dāng)他們開(kāi)始找工作的時(shí)候，才意識(shí)到自己缺乏必要的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)。其次，大 學(xué)生之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)也越來(lái)越激烈，這導(dǎo)致任何一名大學(xué)生找到工作的機(jī)會(huì)都變小了。因此，強(qiáng)烈建議大學(xué)生在 課余時(shí)間做一些兼職工作，以積累相關(guān)的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

參考答案

Nowadays, more and more university students complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job.The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training.Second, competition among graduates has become more and more fierce.And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a job.Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate relevant working experience.難點(diǎn)精析

1.抱怨很難找到好工作：翻譯為complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job。其中“抱怨做某事”用句型complain about doing sth.表示，having great difficulties in finding a good job表示“找工作有困難”，用到了句型have difficulties in doing sth.。

2.只有當(dāng)他們開(kāi)始找工作的時(shí)候，才意識(shí)到自己缺乏必要的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)：翻譯為it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training。‘‘只有當(dāng) 才 ’’用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型it is only when?that?表示。，3.導(dǎo)致：翻譯為results in,同義短語(yǔ)有l(wèi)ead to和bring about，但是表示不好的結(jié)果時(shí)一般用短語(yǔ)result in。

4.強(qiáng)烈建議：翻譯為it is highly suggested that...，其中highly suggested也可以用 strongly recommended 替換，都表示“強(qiáng)烈建議做某事”。

5.積累相關(guān)的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)：翻譯為accumulate relevant working experience.2014年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)及解析9

茶馬古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)兩邊，生活著20多個(gè)少數(shù) 民族。不同的地方有著各自美麗而神奇的自然風(fēng)景和傳統(tǒng)文化，比 如:大理，麗江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅魯藏布江大峽谷和布 達(dá)拉宮(Potala Palace)。古道的兩旁有廟宇、巖石壁畫(huà)、騷站(post ?house),古橋和木板路，還有少數(shù)民族舞蹈和民族服裝。時(shí)至今天，雖然這條古道的蹤跡都消失了，但它的文化和歷史價(jià)值仍然存在。

參考譯文

Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minori?ties.Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon, Potala Palace.The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank roads.It is also home to many national minorities and their dances and folk customs.Today, although the traces of the ancient road are fading away, its cultural and historic values remain.2014年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)及解析8

就像向中國(guó)出售商品的公司會(huì)看到收益有損失一樣，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì) 活動(dòng)放緩有著世界性的影響。包括澳大利亞、巴西和東南亞在內(nèi)的 其他國(guó)家近年來(lái)都看到了巨大的利潤(rùn)，因?yàn)橹袊?guó)對(duì)自然資源有需求。中國(guó)的需求下降巳經(jīng)對(duì)很多商品的價(jià)格有了影響。上周，中國(guó)財(cái)政 部長(zhǎng)樓繼偉表示,今年的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)可能為7%,而這不一定是“底線”。

A slowdown in economic activity in China has a global impact as companies that sell to China may see revenues suffer.Countries includ?ing Australia, Brazil and others in South East Asia have seen huge profits in recent years because of Chinese demand for natural resources.The fall in demand from China has already had an impact on the prices of many commodities.Last week，China’s Finance Minister Lou Jiwei indicated that economic growth could be 7% for the year, and that this may not be the “bottom line”

2014年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)及解析7

乒乓球在中國(guó)是一項(xiàng)頗受歡迎和推崇的運(yùn)動(dòng)。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，它的確是中國(guó)唯一的運(yùn)動(dòng)，似乎集足球、籃球和棒球于一身，但卻更受歡迎。任何人都可以打乒乓球，所需的只是一副拍子(paddle)、一個(gè)球、一張桌子和一張網(wǎng)而已，這些都易于臨時(shí)拼湊(improvise)。人們可以在休息間隙或消磨時(shí)間時(shí)打兵兵球。在中國(guó)的學(xué)校、工廠甚至某些公司里，都能找到乒兵球桌。

參考答案:

Table tennis is a sport which gains much popularity and praise in China.For a long time, it has really been the only sport in China and seemed to set football,basketball and baseball all rolled into one, but it was more popular.Anyone can play table tennis, for all required are a pair of paddles and ball and a table and net, which are easy to be improvised.People can play it when taking a break or killing time.You can find table-tennis tables in schools, factories or even some companies all over China.2014年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)及解析6

1936年竺可楨授命出任浙江大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)。在此之前，他已經(jīng)是一位聲名卓著的自然科學(xué)家了。從1936年到1949年，竺可楨當(dāng)了十三年大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)。在連綿不斷的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、學(xué)運(yùn)的夾縫中，在極為惡劣的環(huán)境下，他跋涉五千里、五易校址、歷經(jīng)五省、顛沛流離，居然將這所他接手時(shí)只有三個(gè)學(xué)院、十六個(gè)系的大學(xué)辦成了擁有七個(gè)學(xué)院、二十七個(gè)學(xué)系全國(guó)最完整的兩所大學(xué)之一。

In 1936,Zhu Kezhen was appointed as the principal of Zhejiang University.Even before then,he had been a famous natural scientist.From 1936 to 1949,Zhu Kezhen worked as the university principal for 13 years.In the extremely hostile environment filled with converging attacks by continuous wars and various university affairs,being homeless and miserable,he trudged 5,000 li and drifted from place to place through 5 provinces,with the university location being changed 5 times.He actually developed the university into one of the nation's two most integrated universities composed of 7 schools and 27 departments,compared with only 3 schools and 16 departments when he took it over.他跋涉五千里、五易校址、歷經(jīng)五省、顛沛流離，分析: 顛沛流離:drifted from place to place,這個(gè)詞還有另外一層意思就是“無(wú)家可歸，生活痛苦”，為了意思表達(dá)的全面，將“homeless and miserable”以分詞形式作伴隨狀語(yǔ)譯出，可以表達(dá)這是一種持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。

2014年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)及解析5

中國(guó)公司想創(chuàng)造世界品牌，外國(guó)公司想增加在中國(guó)的銷(xiāo)量，這些都正改變著中國(guó)的設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)業(yè)。中國(guó)制造商意識(shí)到，若他們想在本國(guó)市場(chǎng)脫穎而出，在外國(guó)市場(chǎng)嶄露頭角，就必須設(shè)計(jì)更好的產(chǎn)品。索尼這樣的外國(guó)公司也開(kāi)始明白，從前海外公司常把隨便什么地方設(shè)計(jì)的產(chǎn)品拿到中國(guó)來(lái)賣(mài)，而現(xiàn)在，中國(guó)消費(fèi)者變得更加挑剔，他們不再那樣容易滿足了。

參考答案:

Chinese companies want to create world brands and the foreign companies want to increase the selling in China which all change the Chinese design industry.The Chinese manufacturers realize that they have to design better products if they want to stand out in the domestic markets as well as distinguish themselves in the foreign markets.Previously,the overseas caompanies always took the products which were designed in somewhere to Chinese market,but now the foreign companies such as Sony begins to realize that the Chinese consumers become more and more fastidious and no longer easy to be satisfied.若他們想在本國(guó)市場(chǎng)脫穎而出，在外國(guó)市場(chǎng)嶄露頭角，就必須設(shè)計(jì)更好的產(chǎn)品。

分析:

這里的“脫穎而出”和“嶄露頭角意思相近”，我們盡量選擇不同的譯法，兩個(gè)詞語(yǔ)可以分別譯為“stand out”和“distinguish themselves”。