第一篇：大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的主要步驟

大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的主要步驟

大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作在真正寫(xiě)起來(lái)的時(shí)候還是有很多常見(jiàn)難點(diǎn)的，這也難怪很多的學(xué)生朋友一直拿不到較高的成績(jī)，關(guān)于這類問(wèn)題，我們就可以到下面的文章中去更多的了解一番。大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的主要步驟都是什么呢？那么下面的文章中也有了一些具體的表述，比如最開(kāi)始的審題方式，接下來(lái)的構(gòu)思以及最后要?jiǎng)h除與主題不相干的內(nèi)容，這些方面的認(rèn)知和努力都是十分有必要的，也可以幫助我們拿到高分。

1.第一個(gè)就是審題。一般作文都是命題作文，而且多有中文提示或提綱，所以你首先應(yīng)了解命題的基本要求，理解題目的真正意圖。

2.構(gòu)思好之后，根據(jù)大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作構(gòu)思的提綱，運(yùn)用選好的材料，恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用連詞，合理安排段落，使文章條理清楚、內(nèi)容連貫。段落的組織主要是通過(guò)擴(kuò)展句對(duì)主題句的支持或說(shuō)明來(lái)進(jìn)行的。

3.要?jiǎng)h除與主題不相干的內(nèi)容，檢查句子時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)等。特別應(yīng)注意單詞的正確拼寫(xiě)；字母大小寫(xiě)和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)；數(shù)的一致性（包括主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)以及名詞與其限定語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)一致性）；指代關(guān)系（包括指代的一致性和代詞的選用）；動(dòng)詞形式（時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣）等方面。

到底大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的主要步驟都是什么呢？那么在以上的內(nèi)容中就介紹的十分具體了，相信大家在有了這些保障后，未來(lái)的英語(yǔ)水平也會(huì)有所改觀。同時(shí)，對(duì)于一些比較常見(jiàn)的段落也會(huì)更為合理靈活的運(yùn)用，相信大家可以做好這些。更多學(xué)習(xí)資料請(qǐng)見(jiàn)美聯(lián)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)。

第二篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)幾種常用文體

1.書(shū)信作文：

事務(wù)信函（business letter）和私人信函（personal letter）

2.應(yīng)用文：

便條（病假條，事假條，邀友來(lái)訪，借物，訂票，留言），請(qǐng)柬，單據(jù)，啟示，海報(bào)，通知（凌茜p110）

3.圖表作文：

? 常考查的圖：餠型圖，曲線圖，條形圖，數(shù)據(jù)圖

? 圖表作文常用的展開(kāi)模式

? 圖表作文常用的表達(dá)方式

? 圖表作文常用的句型

? 范文分析

(是文濤p91)

4.留學(xué)申請(qǐng)寫(xiě)作

? 個(gè)人陳述Personal Statements

? 推薦信 Letters of Recommendation

? 簡(jiǎn)歷resumes

? 與外國(guó)大學(xué)的聯(lián)系信及自述信和簽證申訴信

5.CET4，CET6寫(xiě)作

? 寫(xiě)作要求，命題規(guī)律及評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

? 主題句

? 段落展開(kāi)：列舉法，對(duì)照法，因果推理法，分類法，舉例法，綜合法

? 語(yǔ)篇：結(jié)構(gòu)模式和銜接方法

? CET4,CET6作文分類講解及范文分析：

論說(shuō)文的結(jié)構(gòu)

論說(shuō)文的類型

(是文濤p91)

6.學(xué)術(shù)交流英語(yǔ)

? SCI 寫(xiě)作規(guī)范

? Research report and essay

教學(xué)安排

十一周：概況

十二周：書(shū)信作文，應(yīng)用文

十三——十七周：CET4作文，圖表作文及練習(xí)

十八周：留學(xué)申請(qǐng)寫(xiě)作

十九周：學(xué)術(shù)英語(yǔ)，考試

CET4，CET6寫(xiě)作

一． 語(yǔ)段

1.語(yǔ)段的結(jié)構(gòu)：

Developing Sentence 1(擴(kuò)展句)

Topic sentence(主題句)----Developing Sentence 2(擴(kuò)展句)----Terminator(結(jié)論句)Developing Sentence 3(擴(kuò)展句)

2.寫(xiě)好主題句

一個(gè)好的主題句必須滿足以下基本特征：

? 高度的概括性

? 主題思想表達(dá)明確

? 能使讀者預(yù)測(cè)其段落的發(fā)展方式

? 一般應(yīng)該是一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，想法或意見(jiàn)等

分析下列的例子：

1）It is very necessary to be a good university students.(議論主題句)

2）There are several respects of necessities to be a good university student.(說(shuō)明體的主題句)

3）What I will do in the future is the following.(描述體的主題句)

根據(jù)要求寫(xiě)出主題句

1）Please write about Study Habits

2）Please write about College Life

3）Please write about Your hobby

擴(kuò)展下列主題句

例如這樣的一篇作文：Good Health

a.Importance of good health

b.Ways to keep fit

c.My own practice(是P59)

3.段落展開(kāi)

主題句是陳述段落的中心思想。因此，段落的展開(kāi)（paragraph development）也就是主題句的展開(kāi)。展開(kāi)的方式有多種，如：列舉法，對(duì)照法，因果推理法，分類法，舉例法，綜合法等。

列舉法常用詞語(yǔ)：first/second/third/last;firstly/secondly/finally;to begin with/to start with/inthefirstplace/then/next/in addition to/besides/also/moreover/furthermore/what’s more

以下有3篇短文的題目，請(qǐng)用順序排列法的發(fā)展方式完成，每篇要求80字左右： a.Many people now prefer to live in the countryside.The main reasons are… b.Watching TV at home is better than going out to a movie

c.Chatting on line has brought many problems into people’s life

Making a good impression at an American dinner party is not difficult if you

Follow these instructions.First, you should buy a small gift, such as flowers, candy, or wine for your host or hostess.Second, arrive on time.If the dinner engagement is for 7:00, don’t arrive after 7:00 without telephone.Next, during dinner, be sure to thank your host orhostess on the meal.After you finishing eating, you should not stay more than a few hours.Finally, thank your host or hostess for the dinner when you leave.比較對(duì)照法常用連接詞（transitions for Comparison and Contrast）

Similar to;like;different from;compared with;unlike;more… than…

以下有2篇短文的題目，請(qǐng)用比較對(duì)照法的發(fā)展方式完成，每篇要求80字左右： a.Advantages and disavantages of living on your own and living with your family b.Life in the city is quite different from life in the suburbs

因果推理法

表結(jié)果的連接詞：as a result;thus;hence;accordingly;therefore;consequently;then;so;

表原因的連接詞：because;for;as;since;owing to

以下有2篇短文的題目，請(qǐng)用因果推理法的發(fā)展方式完成，每篇要求80字左右： a.Migrant workers enter big cities

b.Land shortage in China

分類法

常用的分類表達(dá)形式有：divide A into… classify A into… group A into… There are…kinds(groups, categories, sorts, types, classes, sections)

請(qǐng)用分類法的發(fā)展方式完成下列題目，每篇要求80字左右：

Write about the different kinds of universities and colleges in China.Suggested words:

Leading university, provincial key university, local college, comprehensive, science and engineering, foreign language, humanities, public, private.舉例法

常用的引出例證的詞有：for example, for instance, for another example, one example is … another example is… to illustrate.以下有2篇短文的題目，請(qǐng)用舉例法的發(fā)展方式完成，每篇要求80字左右： a.Give one or two examples to show the conveniences the modern communication

means have brought to us.b.Give some examples to prove the saying “Haste makes waste” in English language learning.綜合法

綜合使用兩種或兩種以上寫(xiě)擴(kuò)展句的方法，稱為綜合法。

以下這段使用了定義，例證，對(duì)比和比較等方法。

Synonyms, words that have the same basic meaning, do not always have the same emotional meaning, For example, the words “stingy” and “frugal” both mean “careful with money.” However, to call a person stingy is an insult, while the word

frugal has a much more positive connotation.Similarly, a person wants to be slender but not skinny, and aggressive but not pussy.Therefore, you should careful in choosing words because many so-called synonyms are not really synonymous at all.運(yùn)用綜合法將下列主題句發(fā)展成80字以上短文：

a.Computer are playing an important role in modern education.b.People in different cultures can communicate with each other.c.I don’t think that examination can determine everything.4.擴(kuò)展段的承啟方式(ling P8)

擴(kuò)展段是主題句的延伸，是作文的主體部分，必須緊扣作文主題。一段由一個(gè)以上的段落組成，即使只有一個(gè)段落，也應(yīng)該比開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾部分長(zhǎng)，否則將失去平衡。主體段落分別論述文章中心主題的某個(gè)方面，每個(gè)段落的主題必須欲文章的主題相呼應(yīng)，每個(gè)段落都必須保持文章的整體性和連貫性。

（1.）以“舉例式”展開(kāi)段落

Laying-off also bring us some advantages.For example, when a company lays off a number of people, it means that the company will get more profits than ever.As another instance, if a laid-off worker wants to get a newjob, he ought to learn some kind of skill for future use.This action will pave the way for success in another.（2.）以“因果式”展開(kāi)段落

There are two major reason for the change in people’s diet.For one thing, with the improvement in the living standard, people can afford to buy much more expensive food with better nutrition.For another, people now pay more attention to the quality of diet, because they know it is of great benefit to their health to diet in a scientific way.Therefore, they try their best to improve the structure their food.（3.）以“遞進(jìn)式”展開(kāi)段落

I don’t teach because teaching is not easy for me.Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways.Nor do I teach bebecause I have knowledge I feel compelled to share.In the first place, I teach because I like the pace of the acdemic calendar, which offers an opportunity for reflection, research and writing.Besides, I teach because teaching is a profession built on change.Moreover, I teach because I can ask questions that students struggle to answer.What’s more, I teach because I can find ways of getting myself and students out of the ivory tower into the real society.（4.）以“列舉式”展開(kāi)段落

Traveling benefits us in many ways.First, it is instructive.People can learn a lot about the culture and history of the place they visit.Second, it offers fun.Career people are tired of pressures brought by the quickening pace of modern life.By seeing the beautiful landscape of our motherland and our countries, we get relaxed.Third, traveling offers challenge and opportunities of cultivating good character, such as independence, courage and strong-mindeness.So more and morepeople are going out to visit the world.（5.）以“比較式”展開(kāi)段落

（6.）以“對(duì)照式”展開(kāi)段落

（7.）以“時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞式”展開(kāi)段落

The Effects of Exercise on Our Health（分析建議類）

? 1分析體育鍛煉給我們帶來(lái)的益處。

? 2.分析體育鍛煉給我們帶來(lái)的壞處。

? 3.給出如何參加體育鍛煉的建議。

1)As is known to all, exercise does bring a lot of benefits to our health.2)First, it can greatly strengthen our hearts, lungs, bones and muscles,thereby changing our whole health for the better.3)Besides, it can make

our brains better able to react to what is going on around us.4)And best

of all, it can help us breed optimism about our tough life

5)But all the above does not mean that we can turn a blind eye to the

negative effects exercise brings about.6)If you are normally inactive and then, contrary to your usual habit, start a program of undue exercise, as a succession of scientific

studies reveals, there are more chances that you have yourself injured.7)In addition, the more exercise those on a fat-reducing diet take, the more

loss of iron they will suffer and the worse their health will get.8)And

worst of all, continual as well as excessive exercise can result in sudden death.9)Therefore, a scientific approach must be adopted to the problem of exercise.10)On the one hand, our physical exercise must be based on both progressiveness and regularity.11)On the other, we must go in for physical exercise according to local as well as health conditions of our own.12)In sum, exercise can do us good or harm, all depending on how we make use of it.With the rapid improvement of people’s living standard, in cities, many people tend to raise pets.Some people claim that pets such as dogs are dirty and dangerous.They say that raising pets should be banned in urban areas.However, personally I think the merits of raising pets outweigh its demerits.Firstly, pets like dogs can be a guard for us.As we know, dogs have the natural ability to keep the house of its owners safe.They can send out warning to those burglars who attempt to break into the house, and sometimes even fight against them.Dogs are people’s honest friends.Secondly, pets like dogs are good fellows of people.Accompanied by a dog, old people do not feel lonely.Also children are pleased while playing with pets.They can learn how to look after others by raising pets.To sum up, Pets give us much happiness.I would say that the benefits of raising pets carry more weight than the harms of it.I also wish to suggest that the owners should take much care of their pets.With the rapid improvement of people’s living standard, in cities, many people tend to raise pets.Some people claim that pets such as dogs are dirty and dangerous.They say that raising pets should be banned in urban areas.However, personally I think the merits of raising pets outweigh its demerits.Firstly, pets like dogs can be a guard for us.As we know, dogs have the natural ability to keep the house of its owners safe.They can send out warning to those burglars who attempt to break into the house, and sometimes even fight against them.Dogs are people’s honest friends.Secondly, pets like dogs are good fellows of people.Accompanied by a dog, old people do not feel lonely.Moreover,some young women usually keep their favorite pets to show off their wealth.Also children are pleased while playing with pets.They can learn how to look after others by raising pets.On the other hand, the critics decry that pets like dogs are dangerous to people, especially to children.They point out that many people have the experience of being bitten by dogs.But I believe that it is not the responsibility of dogs.Indeed, it is the duty of their owners who deliberately train their dogs to attack people.As for the dirtiness of the dogs, the owners should also take the responsibily, because they are too lazy to give baths to the dogs.To sum up, Pets give us much happiness.I would say that the benefits of raising pets carry more weight than the harms of it.I also wish to suggest that the owners should take much care of their pets.

第三篇：大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作

基 礎(chǔ) 寫(xiě) 作

單選10*1分 填空10*1分 簡(jiǎn)答2*10分

分析發(fā)揮（續(xù)寫(xiě)結(jié)尾“合理出奇”）20分 作文(敘事)40分

第二章 文章構(gòu)成要素 第一節(jié) 材料

材料分為“素材”和“題材”

素材：是指作家、藝術(shù)家在創(chuàng)作之前，從社會(huì)生活中攝取的、未經(jīng)選擇、提煉加工的原始材料，它具有感性、零碎、分散的特點(diǎn)，是材料積累的第一步，但未經(jīng)加工不能納入文章。

題材：則是經(jīng)過(guò)作家、藝術(shù)家對(duì)素材的選擇、提煉加工，寫(xiě)到作品中來(lái)，用以表現(xiàn)主題的材料。

材料的選擇

一.圍繞突出主題材料 二.選擇典型材料 三.選擇新穎材料 第二節(jié) 主題

主題：主題是文章的基本思想，是文章的核心和靈魂。

主題的提煉： 一.深刻 二.創(chuàng)新 三.著眼于時(shí)代性

第三節(jié) 結(jié)構(gòu)

材料起解決“言之有物”的作用;主題解決“言之有理”;結(jié)構(gòu)則進(jìn)一步解決“言之有序”。

結(jié)構(gòu)的原則：

一.正確反映事物內(nèi)在規(guī)律 二.服從表現(xiàn)主題的需要 三.適應(yīng)不同體裁的特點(diǎn) 四.結(jié)構(gòu)要富于變化

段落，是行文最小的意義單位

結(jié)尾：

主要表現(xiàn)為“開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山式”和“導(dǎo)入式”兩類。結(jié)尾的幾種寫(xiě)法

一.總結(jié)性結(jié)尾，綰結(jié)全文，深化主題，形成清晰、完整的印象； 二.啟發(fā)式結(jié)尾，富于哲理，引人深思； 三.鼓舞性結(jié)尾，有著激發(fā)熱情的鼓動(dòng)力 四.自然式結(jié)尾，文章的道理講完即自然停止。

結(jié)構(gòu)的要求

一.脈絡(luò)清晰、線索一貫 二.周密嚴(yán)謹(jǐn) 三.曲折變幻 四.疏密互映

第四節(jié) 語(yǔ)言

語(yǔ)言文字運(yùn)用的基本要求和方法 準(zhǔn)確、簡(jiǎn)潔、生動(dòng)、樸實(shí)

第三章 文章的表達(dá)方式 第一節(jié) 敘述

敘述是寫(xiě)作中最基本、最常用的表達(dá)方式

敘述的人稱分為“第一人稱敘述”和“第三人稱敘述”

其中，“第三人稱敘述”是全知視角的敘述，它假托一個(gè)無(wú)所不知、無(wú)所不曉的第三者來(lái)說(shuō)話，敘述者的觀點(diǎn)不受任何限制，可以突破時(shí)間空間的束縛，能夠廣泛自地反映客觀生活。

敘述的基本方法

從敘述的先后安排分：順敘、倒敘、插敘、補(bǔ)敘 從敘述的整體和局部關(guān)系分：合敘、分?jǐn)?從敘述的詳略程度分：概敘、細(xì)敘

分?jǐn)ⅲ阂步衅綌?，是指在同一時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生在不同地點(diǎn)的事件進(jìn)行并列的敘述，俗話“花開(kāi)兩朵，各表一枝”

第二節(jié) 描寫(xiě)

描寫(xiě)的方法

依據(jù)描寫(xiě)的風(fēng)格來(lái)分：白描和細(xì)描

依據(jù)描寫(xiě)的角度來(lái)分：直接描寫(xiě)（正面描寫(xiě)）和間接描寫(xiě)（側(cè)面描寫(xiě)）

描寫(xiě)的對(duì)象 人物： 1.肖像描寫(xiě) 2.行動(dòng)描寫(xiě) 3.語(yǔ)言描寫(xiě) 4.心理描寫(xiě)：

心里剖析、內(nèi)心獨(dú)白、夢(mèng)境描摹、幻覺(jué)描寫(xiě) 第四節(jié) 抒情

抒情的方法：

一.直接抒情，就是直敘胸臆 二.間接抒情： 1.通過(guò)敘述抒情

2.通過(guò)描寫(xiě)抒情（借景抒情，情由景生）3.通過(guò)議論抒情

第二節(jié) 小說(shuō)

中國(guó)小說(shuō)源于古代神話

小說(shuō)的文體特點(diǎn)

一.情節(jié)是小說(shuō)敘述的中心 二.情節(jié)是小說(shuō)敘述最基本的框架 三.具體充分的場(chǎng)景展示是小說(shuō)的特長(zhǎng) 四.靈活多變，手法多樣的敘述方式

第三節(jié) 詩(shī)歌

詩(shī)歌的基本特點(diǎn) 一.凝練性

二.跳躍性：結(jié)構(gòu)上具有跳躍性，意境也具有跳躍性 三.音樂(lè)性：聲律和諧，節(jié)奏鮮明

第四篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫(xiě)作備考四大步驟

根據(jù)我們多年的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，四級(jí)寫(xiě)作備考可分為四大步驟：

一、背誦：首先認(rèn)真研究歷年四級(jí)寫(xiě)作真題，重點(diǎn)研究2001年6月—2005年12月的11次真題，分析近年來(lái)四級(jí)寫(xiě)作的出題規(guī)律和考試重點(diǎn)，從語(yǔ)言、結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容三大層面，認(rèn)真研讀經(jīng)典寫(xiě)作真題范文：語(yǔ)言方面學(xué)習(xí)范文中的精彩詞匯、詞組、句型;結(jié)構(gòu)方面學(xué)習(xí)范文的框架結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)在邏輯、關(guān)聯(lián)詞、同義替換和代詞替換;內(nèi)容方面學(xué)習(xí)范文的論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證。同時(shí)背誦精彩寫(xiě)作范文，要求滾瓜爛熟、脫口而出、多多益善，扎扎實(shí)實(shí)提高自

己的寫(xiě)作實(shí)力。

二、默寫(xiě)：背誦熟練之后默寫(xiě)下來(lái)，仔細(xì)對(duì)照原文，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你默寫(xiě)的文章與原文有一些語(yǔ)法、拼寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)的區(qū)別，這些區(qū)別就是你的寫(xiě)作弱點(diǎn)，學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)鍵在于針?shù)h突破，不要全面出擊。這些弱點(diǎn)正是你在考試中扣分的原因所在，把這些弱點(diǎn)意義克服，分?jǐn)?shù)自然就會(huì)提高。

三、中譯英：首先將寫(xiě)作真題范文譯為中文，或參考范文的正確譯文，然后進(jìn)行中譯英的工作，根據(jù)自己的理解把中文譯為英文，最后對(duì)照英文原文，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的譯文與原文存在較大的差別，這些差別正是你寫(xiě)作低分的癥結(jié)所在。同樣的一個(gè)中文句子，仔細(xì)對(duì)比一下你使用了哪些詞匯、詞組和句型，原文使用了哪些，這樣你的寫(xiě)作水平才會(huì)逐漸提高。

四、寫(xiě)作：進(jìn)行完上述工作之后，在考前必須進(jìn)行寫(xiě)作的工作，只有動(dòng)筆寫(xiě)作，才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的問(wèn)題?？梢詫?xiě)5—10篇真題或模擬題，模仿自己曾經(jīng)背誦過(guò)的精彩詞匯、詞組、句型、框架和范文，寫(xiě)出一篇新的文章。最初不要求速度，但考前一定要進(jìn)行?？?，半小時(shí)寫(xiě)出一篇120-150詞的文章。寫(xiě)完之后仔細(xì)修改其中的語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，將其改的更加精彩。

英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作基礎(chǔ)不太好的四級(jí)考生，必須按照上述步驟嚴(yán)格進(jìn)行;基礎(chǔ)較好的考生學(xué)習(xí)順序正好相反，首先寫(xiě)作，直接寫(xiě)作四級(jí)真題;其次中譯英，在研讀原文之前，進(jìn)行中譯英的工作，譯完對(duì)比，找出差距;然后背誦;最后默寫(xiě)。同時(shí)可以準(zhǔn)備自己的寫(xiě)作框架，應(yīng)用文和

論說(shuō)文分別形成固定的寫(xiě)法，積累精彩句型。

針對(duì)2006年6月的四級(jí)考試，建議大家論說(shuō)文重點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備關(guān)于大學(xué)校園生活的話題，如學(xué)習(xí)、生活、社會(huì)工作、兼職打工等;應(yīng)用文重點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備咨詢信、投訴信、介紹信、請(qǐng)求信、建議信、道歉信、邀請(qǐng)信等私人和公務(wù)信函，以及開(kāi)幕詞、祝酒辭等致辭的寫(xiě)法。

多讀、多寫(xiě)、多改，寫(xiě)作高分不是夢(mèng)!

第五篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫(xiě)作備考四大步驟

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫(xiě)作備考四大步驟

2007-06-02 來(lái)源：新浪教育

根據(jù)我們多年的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，四級(jí)寫(xiě)作備考可分為四大步驟：

一、背誦：首先認(rèn)真研究歷年四級(jí)寫(xiě)作真題，重點(diǎn)研究2001年6月—2005年12月的11次真題，分析近年來(lái)四級(jí)寫(xiě)作的出題規(guī)律和考試重點(diǎn)，從語(yǔ)言、結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容三大層面，認(rèn)真研讀經(jīng)典寫(xiě)作真題范文：語(yǔ)言方面學(xué)習(xí)范文中的精彩詞匯、詞組、句型；結(jié)構(gòu)方面學(xué)習(xí)范文的框架結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)在邏輯、關(guān)聯(lián)詞、同義替換和代詞替換；內(nèi)容方面學(xué)習(xí)范文的論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證。同時(shí)背誦精彩寫(xiě)作范文，要求滾瓜爛熟、脫口而出、多多益善，扎扎實(shí)實(shí)提高自己的寫(xiě)作實(shí)力。

二、默寫(xiě)：背誦熟練之后默寫(xiě)下來(lái)，仔細(xì)對(duì)照原文，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你默寫(xiě)的文章與原文有一些語(yǔ)法、拼寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)的區(qū)別，這些區(qū)別就是你的寫(xiě)作弱點(diǎn)，學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)鍵在于針?shù)h突破，不要全面出擊。這些弱點(diǎn)正是你在考試中扣分的原因所在，把這些弱點(diǎn)意義克服，分?jǐn)?shù)自然就會(huì)提高。

三、中譯英：首先將寫(xiě)作真題范文譯為中文，或參考范文的正確譯文，然后進(jìn)行中譯英的工作，根據(jù)自己的理解把中文譯為英文，最后對(duì)照英文原文，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的譯文與原文存在較大的差別，這些差別正是你寫(xiě)作低分的癥結(jié)所在。同樣的一個(gè)中文句子，仔細(xì)對(duì)比一下你使用了哪些詞匯、詞組和句型，原文使用了哪些，這樣你的寫(xiě)作水平才會(huì)逐漸提高。

四、寫(xiě)作：進(jìn)行完上述工作之后，在考前必須進(jìn)行寫(xiě)作的工作，只有動(dòng)筆寫(xiě)作，才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的問(wèn)題?？梢詫?xiě)5—10 篇真題或模擬題，模仿自己曾經(jīng)背誦過(guò)的精彩詞匯、詞組、句型、框架和范文，寫(xiě)出一篇新的文章。最初不要求速度，但考前一定要進(jìn)行模考，半小時(shí)寫(xiě)出一篇 120－150詞的文章。寫(xiě)完之后仔細(xì)修改其中的語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，將其改的更加精彩。

英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作基礎(chǔ)不太好的四級(jí)考生，必須按照上述步驟嚴(yán)格進(jìn)行；基礎(chǔ)較好的考生學(xué)習(xí)順序正好相反，首先寫(xiě)作，直接寫(xiě)作四級(jí)真題；其次中譯英，在研讀原文之前，進(jìn)行中譯英的

工作，譯完對(duì)比，找出差距；然后背誦；最后默寫(xiě)。同時(shí)可以準(zhǔn)備自己的寫(xiě)作框架，應(yīng)用文和論說(shuō)文分別形成固定的寫(xiě)法，積累精彩句型。

針對(duì)2006年6月的四級(jí)考試，建議大家論說(shuō)文重點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備關(guān)于大學(xué)校園生活的話題，如學(xué)習(xí)、生活、社會(huì)工作、兼職打工等；應(yīng)用文重點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備咨詢信、投訴信、介紹信、請(qǐng)求信、建議信、道歉信、邀請(qǐng)信等私人和公務(wù)信函，以及開(kāi)幕詞、祝酒辭等致辭的寫(xiě)法。

多讀、多寫(xiě)、多改，寫(xiě)作高分不是夢(mèng)！

英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作十大功能句型

2007-09-17 作者：張一楠

考研寫(xiě)作部分30分，占到考研英語(yǔ)考試總分值的1/3，重要性不言而喻。同時(shí)，寫(xiě)作部分也是最容易提高的部分，“天天背句型”可以起到非常顯著的效果，這一實(shí)踐在去年的考研VIP班里起到極其明顯的效果，此班里的同學(xué)多為藝術(shù)考生，英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)比較薄弱，但是通過(guò)一段時(shí)間的“背誦”和“仿寫(xiě)”，寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)句子的水平有了極大提高。

今天與大家分享第一種功能句型——文章開(kāi)頭句型。

1、“如今，人們普遍認(rèn)為...,但是我懷疑...?！?/p>

Nowadays，it is generally/commonly believed that..., but I wonder that...2、“如同硬幣的正反面，...也有積極的一面和消極的一面?！?/p>

Like a coin has two sides, there is a positive aspect and a negative aspect to...3、“近來(lái)，...的問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成為人們注目的焦點(diǎn)?！?/p>

Currently, the issue of...has been brought to public attention.4、“隨著...的快速增長(zhǎng)，...在日常生活中已經(jīng)變得越來(lái)越重要。”

Along with the rapid growth of...,...has become increasingly important in our daily life.5、“由汽車引起的空氣和噪音污染對(duì)我們的健康造成了危害?！?/p>

Air pollution and noise pollution caused by automobiles do harm to our health.第二種考研寫(xiě)作功能句型——文章結(jié)尾句型

1、“因此，不難得出結(jié)論...”

Accordingly/Consequently/As a result,it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that...2、“綜上所述，我們能得出如下結(jié)論...”

From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that...3、“這一難題，是任何人都不可能避免的。但只要處理得當(dāng)，我們就會(huì)...”

The dilemma is something no one can avoid.Properly handled, however, we will...4、“總之，全社會(huì)都應(yīng)該密切關(guān)注...,只有這樣我們才能...”

All in all, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of....Only in this way can we....5、“考慮到所有的因素，我們意識(shí)到...”

Taking into account all of these factors, we have reached the realization that...四六級(jí)作文可引用的36句諺語(yǔ)格言

2007-09-18 來(lái)源：中青網(wǎng)

1.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。

2.God helps those who help themselves.天助自助者。

3.Easier said than done.說(shuō)起來(lái)容易做起來(lái)難。

4.Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成。

5.One false step will make a great difference.失之毫厘，謬之千里。

6.Slow and steady wins the race.穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打無(wú)往而不勝。

7.A fall into the pit,a gain in your wit.吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。

8.Experience is the mother of wisdom.實(shí)踐出真知。

9.All work and no play makes jack a dull boy.只工作不休息，聰明孩子也變傻。

10.Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance.無(wú)德之美猶如沒(méi)有香味的玫瑰，徒有其表。

11.More hasty,less speed.欲速則不達(dá)。

12.It's never too old to learn.活到老，學(xué)到老。

13.All that glitters is not gold.閃光的未必都是金子。

14.A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.千里之行始于足下。

15.Look before you leap.三思而后行。

16.Rome was not built in a day.偉業(yè)非一日之功。

17.Great minds think alike.英雄所見(jiàn)略同。

18.well begun,half done.好的開(kāi)始等于成功的一半。

19.It is hard to please all.眾口難調(diào)。

20.Out of sight,out of mind.眼不見(jiàn)，心不念。

21.Facts speak plainer than words.事實(shí)勝于雄辯。

22.Call back white and white back.顛倒黑白。

23.First things first.凡事有輕重緩急。

24.Ill news travels fast.壞事傳千里。

25.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難見(jiàn)真情。

26.live not to eat,but eat to live.活著不是為了吃飯，吃飯為了活著。

27.Action speaks louder than words.行動(dòng)勝過(guò)語(yǔ)言。

28.East or west,home is the best.金窩銀窩不如自家草窩。

29.It's not the gay coat that makes the gentleman.君子在德不在衣。

30.Beauty will buy no beef.漂亮不能當(dāng)飯吃。

31.Like and like make good friends.趣味相投。

32.The older, the wiser.姜是老的辣。

33.Do as Romans do in Rome.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。

34.An idle youth,a needy age.少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲。

35.AS the tree,so the fruit.種瓜得瓜，to better live.活著為了學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)習(xí)為了更好的活著。

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫(xiě)作九類精彩句型

一、比較

1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that??

4.It is reasonable to maintain that ??but it would be foolish to claim that??

5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.6.Like anything else, it has its faults.7.A and B has several points in common.8.A bears some resemblances to B.9.However, the same is not applicable to B.10.A and B differ in several ways.11.Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.12.People used to think ??, but things are different now.13.The same is true of B.14.Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.15.It is true that A ?? , but the chief faults（obvious defects）are ??

二、原因

1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.A number of factors might contribute to（lead to）（account for）the phenomenon

（problem）.2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that??

4.The factors that contribute to this situation include??

5.The change in ??largely results from the fact that??

6.We may blame ??,but the real causes are??

7.Part of the explanations for it is that ??

One of the most common factors（causes）is that ??

Another contributing factor（cause）is ??

Perhaps the primary factor is that ?

But the fundamental cause is that ??

三、后果

1.It may give rise to a host of problems.2.The immediate result it produces is ??

3.It will exercise a profound influence upon??

4.Its consequence can be so great that??

四、批駁

1）It is true that ??, but one vital point is being left out.2）There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3）Some people say ??, but it does not hold water.4）Many of us have been under the illusion that??

5）A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.6）It makes no sense to argue for ??

7）Too much stress placed on ?? may lead to ??

8）Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ??

9）Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ??

五、舉例

1）A good case in point is ??

2）As an illustration, we may take ??

3）Such examples might be given easily.4）??is often cited as an example.六、證明

1）No one can deny the fact that ??

2）The idea is hardly supported by facts.3）Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ??

4）Recent studies indicate that ??

5）There is sufficient evidence to show that ??

6）According to statistics proved by ??, it can be seen that ??

七、開(kāi)篇

1）Many nations have been faced with the problem of ??

2）Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3）Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.4）Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ??

5）Nowadays there is a growing concern over ??

6）Never in our history has the idea that ?? been so popular.7）Faced with ??, quite a few people argue that ??

8）According to a recent survey, ??

9）With the rapid development of ??, ??

八、結(jié)尾

1）From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ??

2）It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ??

3）It is necessary that steps should be taken to ??

4）In conclusion, it is imperative that ??

5）There is no easy method, but ??might be of some help.6）To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ??

7）In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.8）With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.9）We might do more than identify the cause;it is important to take actions to ??

10）Taking all these into account, we ??

11）Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear??

九、1）With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up

2）When it comes to??，some people think ／believe??that??，others argue ／claim that opposite ／reverse is true.There is probably??some truth in both arguments／statements，but??當(dāng)說(shuō)到??，有些人認(rèn)為??，但另一些人則持相反的觀點(diǎn)??。這兩種觀點(diǎn)可能都有點(diǎn)道理，但??。

四級(jí)寫(xiě)作終極歸納之基礎(chǔ)篇

2007-09-27 作者：劉一博

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試自1987年開(kāi)始至今已走過(guò)了18個(gè)年頭，而寫(xiě)作作為必考項(xiàng)目在這18年中無(wú)論是命題思路還是寫(xiě)作方法、寫(xiě)作技巧都幾乎沒(méi)有大的改動(dòng)。從最近公布的新四級(jí)考試大綱和樣題中我們也不難看到，這種穩(wěn)定性在新四級(jí)考試中仍將得到進(jìn)一步延續(xù)。結(jié)

合多年來(lái)對(duì)四級(jí)寫(xiě)作的研究和一些豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，筆者認(rèn)為非常有必要將一些四級(jí)寫(xiě)作知識(shí)和技巧進(jìn)行總結(jié)，因?yàn)檫@不僅僅對(duì)現(xiàn)行四級(jí)的考生，而且對(duì)即將參加新四級(jí)考試的學(xué)生都有指導(dǎo)和借鑒意義。

四級(jí)寫(xiě)作的特點(diǎn)與要求

孫子云：“知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)不殆”。想在寫(xiě)作考試中獲得成功，就必須首先了解四級(jí)考試的要求和評(píng)分規(guī)則。由于新四級(jí)考試還沒(méi)有開(kāi)始進(jìn)行，筆者就以一篇根據(jù)現(xiàn)行四級(jí)寫(xiě)作題目“Do‘Lucky Numbers’Really Bring Good Luck?”寫(xiě)成的學(xué)生作文為例來(lái)講述幾個(gè)最基本的道理。

例文1：

Some people think that certian(拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤)numbers will bring good luck to them.Numbers such as six, eight, sixteen and eighteen are regarded as lucky numbers.There are also people who think that their success is related to certain numbers.However, some other people think numbers have nothing to do with their luck.They believe in their own rather than“l(fā)ucky numbers”.They don't do things according to certain numbers.As far as I am concerned, I think it is a person's own business whether he believes in a certain number or not.The most important thing is that he has done the work by himself and has done it quite well.As to the belief in numbers, it is their(前后指代不一致，應(yīng)改為his)personal choice.該文章是當(dāng)年四級(jí)考試命題組印發(fā)給全國(guó)評(píng)卷老師的一篇例文，根據(jù)15分制的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這篇例文被評(píng)為14分，供全國(guó)評(píng)卷老師作為評(píng)分參考。乍看起來(lái)，本文無(wú)論從遣詞造句還是思想深度，似乎都算不得一篇佳作；但它之所以能夠被評(píng)為14分，還是有其內(nèi)在深

層次原因的，那就是經(jīng)常被考生們所忽視的議論文寫(xiě)作常識(shí)。簡(jiǎn)要地講，可分為以下三個(gè)部分：

（一）英文議論文的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)

漢語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作對(duì)文章結(jié)構(gòu)的要求不是很高，如開(kāi)頭段應(yīng)該包括什么、論題句應(yīng)該在什么時(shí)候出現(xiàn)、文章的結(jié)尾是否必須總結(jié)全文等等。而英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作要求文章結(jié)構(gòu)必須十分嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，文章各個(gè)部分的功能都要十分清晰，開(kāi)頭、中間和結(jié)尾都有嚴(yán)格的要求。

簡(jiǎn)而言之，英語(yǔ)議論文共有三大特點(diǎn)：

1、觀點(diǎn)鮮明的開(kāi)頭；

2、緊扣主題的結(jié)尾；

3、有主題句并且銜接自然的中間段落。

這三點(diǎn)當(dāng)中，第1、2點(diǎn)早已為絕大多數(shù)中國(guó)學(xué)生所熟知，因?yàn)殚_(kāi)頭點(diǎn)題和結(jié)尾扣題同樣也是漢語(yǔ)文章的要求。但在長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，這樣的要求被很多學(xué)生以為是“老土”而得不到足夠的重視。如果將這種思想帶到英語(yǔ)議論文寫(xiě)作當(dāng)中，直接的后果就是中心分散、觀點(diǎn)不明確，加上中國(guó)學(xué)生普遍英文表達(dá)能力不強(qiáng)，這些因素就為整篇文章的失敗埋下了隱患。

另外，英語(yǔ)文章和漢語(yǔ)不同的是段落的主題句一定要放在段首，而不能按照中文的寫(xiě)作習(xí)慣放在段落的中間或者最后，在英文應(yīng)試寫(xiě)作中更加如此。正因?yàn)闆](méi)有“主題句”的思想，所以中國(guó)學(xué)生在寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)文章時(shí)經(jīng)?！跋氲绞裁矗蛯?xiě)什么”，這在英語(yǔ)議論文中是不能接受的。例如，例文1中每一段的首句都簡(jiǎn)要地概括出了該段的主要內(nèi)容，換句話說(shuō)，每段的內(nèi)容都是根據(jù)首句來(lái)展開(kāi)的，其順序不能顛倒。

（關(guān)于段落的銜接，在后面的內(nèi)容中將詳細(xì)介紹。）

(二)中心統(tǒng)一

在中心統(tǒng)一這個(gè)問(wèn)題上，英語(yǔ)議論文和漢語(yǔ)議論文的概念也有所不同。中國(guó)人在寫(xiě)議論文時(shí)常常遵循“中庸”的原則，其具體的表現(xiàn)就是認(rèn)為世界上沒(méi)有任何事情是絕對(duì)的。當(dāng)他們?cè)谖恼轮斜頁(yè)P(yáng)一件事物或一種現(xiàn)象的時(shí)候，總要指出其不足；同樣，在批評(píng)一件事物或一種現(xiàn)象的同時(shí)，也總不忘記指出其也有合理之處。這種做法從道理上來(lái)講并沒(méi)有什么不妥，但卻不符合英語(yǔ)議論文的寫(xiě)作習(xí)慣，因?yàn)橛⒄Z(yǔ)作家在寫(xiě)議論文時(shí)關(guān)注的是自己的辯論技巧和其結(jié)果對(duì)公眾的影響力。換句話說(shuō)，如果作者告訴大家兩面都有道理也就等于說(shuō)兩面都沒(méi)有道理，因?yàn)樽x者在讀了文章之后仍舊不知道作者的看法是什么，以及自己在這種情況下到底該怎么做。

所以，既然四級(jí)考試考的是英語(yǔ)文章，大家就應(yīng)該遵循英文議論文的寫(xiě)作思路和習(xí)慣：表示支持則旗幟鮮明地支持；表示反對(duì)就徹徹底底地反對(duì)，而不能采取“墻頭草兩邊倒”的做法。以上面的例文1為例，如果作者的觀點(diǎn)是“幸運(yùn)數(shù)字是既有道理又無(wú)道理的”，這種觀點(diǎn)就無(wú)法讓人接受，因?yàn)樵谟⒄Z(yǔ)議論文中，這是典型的中心不統(tǒng)一。

四六級(jí)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作八條經(jīng)典法則

2007-11-20 來(lái)源：新浪網(wǎng)

1.Organize your thoughts before writing: brainstorm、make an outline、etc.下筆前整合思緒：腦力激蕩，寫(xiě)出綱要等。

2.Write clearly.Be concise.Avoid wordiness.寫(xiě)作清晰，務(wù)必精簡(jiǎn)，避免贅言。

3.Use good grammar and write complete sentences.使用好的文法，寫(xiě)出完整句子。

4.Write simple sentences.Avoid a fancy style.嘗試簡(jiǎn)單句，避免花俏的句法。

5.Avoid slang、cliche and informal words.避免俚語(yǔ)、陳腔濫調(diào)和非正式用字。

6.Avoid use of the first person(i.e.I/me/my)unless necessary to specific piece.除非必要，避免使用第一人稱：如“我/我的”。

7.Writing naturally.Read it aloud.Does it sound natural? Does it flow? 自然揮灑，大聲朗誦。整篇文章聽(tīng)起來(lái)自然嗎？通順嗎？

8.Move logically from one idea to the next.Don't skip steps.上下句意要合乎邏輯。別毫無(wú)章法亂跳。

四六級(jí)寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)：用簡(jiǎn)單句表達(dá)復(fù)雜思想

2007-12-07 來(lái)源：新浪網(wǎng)

應(yīng)試作文的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)盡管描述語(yǔ)言不同，但都可以分為內(nèi)容、組織和語(yǔ)言三個(gè)方面，如果是應(yīng)用文，還要看語(yǔ)域(主要指語(yǔ)言使用是否符合場(chǎng)合)和格式。新四級(jí)作文的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也不能脫離以上三大方面：內(nèi)容按照題目提綱擴(kuò)展即可；組織除了要注意段與段之間的連貫與銜接之外，還要特別注意考生最容易忽略的句與句之間的邏輯性；最難提高的是語(yǔ)言，即用詞的豐富性和句子的復(fù)雜性。要拿到新四級(jí)寫(xiě)作高分，就必須在語(yǔ)言上有所起色，語(yǔ)言是繞不過(guò)去的一個(gè)心結(jié)，那么語(yǔ)言突破之路，到底在何方呢？答曰：簡(jiǎn)單句。

這是從廣大考生的實(shí)際出發(fā)給出的回答。因?yàn)閷W(xué)了很多年的英語(yǔ)，大部分考生還是能夠?qū)懗鲆恍〇|西的，最起碼能夠?qū)懗鲆恍┯⒄Z(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)單句吧。簡(jiǎn)單句包括S+V(主謂句)，S+V+O(主謂賓)，S+V+O+O(主謂賓賓)，S+V+O+C(主謂賓賓補(bǔ))，S+V+C(主系表)，復(fù)雜一些的句子無(wú)不是由這些簡(jiǎn)單句演變而來(lái)的。

用簡(jiǎn)單句寫(xiě)復(fù)雜思想

學(xué)了這么多年英語(yǔ)，為什么還不能寫(xiě)出好的句子？原因在于想得太復(fù)雜了。我們可以將要表達(dá)的漢語(yǔ)思想，全部說(shuō)成簡(jiǎn)單的句子，而簡(jiǎn)單句，在寫(xiě)作時(shí)是考生可以掌控的。之后再將簡(jiǎn)單句加以潤(rùn)色、組合，使之登堂入室，奪取高分。

例如寫(xiě)這句話：大學(xué)生剛剛畢業(yè)就想立刻找到高薪的工作是不可能的?？吹竭@樣的漢語(yǔ)句子，一般我們的反應(yīng)是要用It is impossible for sb.to do sth..這樣的句型，然后想著往里填詞：在sb.的位置填上“剛剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生”，在不定式的位置填上“找到高薪的工作”，如下所示：

It is impossible for剛剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生to找到高薪的工作.那么“剛剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生”怎么寫(xiě)？英語(yǔ)里面好像找不到一個(gè)表示“剛剛畢業(yè)的”形容詞放在大學(xué)生前面，所以就要用定語(yǔ)從句，寫(xiě)成college students who have just graduated，如果graduated不會(huì)寫(xiě)，先寫(xiě)成left；然后怎么寫(xiě)“高薪的”，英語(yǔ)里面也沒(méi)有這樣一個(gè)形容詞放在jobs的前面，所以用定語(yǔ)從句，寫(xiě)成to find jobs which can give them a lot of money。這樣這個(gè)句子將寫(xiě)成：It is impossible for college students who have just graduated to find jobs which can give them a lot of money.這樣將兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句放在這個(gè)句型里面，實(shí)在是太容易犯錯(cuò)了。實(shí)際上，剛剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生可以寫(xiě)成：newly-graduated students, 而高薪的工作可以寫(xiě)成well-paying jobs, 將這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)放進(jìn)去，成為：It is impossible for newly-graduated students to find well-paying jobs，與上面的定語(yǔ)從句相比會(huì)獲得更高的分?jǐn)?shù)。不過(guò)試問(wèn)，能寫(xiě)出這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)的有幾人呢？

我們能不能換一種思路，想得簡(jiǎn)單點(diǎn)，把上面一句話拆分成為四句：

①每年，都有很多大學(xué)生畢業(yè)。

②他們都想找到工作。

③這些工作可以給他們很多錢。

④這是不可能的。

我相信這樣的句子大部分考生很快就可以寫(xiě)出來(lái)：

①Every year, many college students graduate.②They all want to find jobs.③These jobs can give them a lot of money.④This is impossible.第一句話屬于五種簡(jiǎn)單句中的主謂句，第二句是主謂賓，第三句是主謂間賓直賓，第四句是主系表。

下面我們看看能不能潤(rùn)色一下：第一句話我們將熟悉的many改為heaps and heaps of(一批一批的)，這是換詞；然后?：from universities；又想到還有獨(dú)立的學(xué)院，再加上and institutes。第一句話變成：Every year, heaps and heaps of college students graduate from universities and institutes.這句話這樣一改，便成氣候了。

第二句和第三句可以用定語(yǔ)從句連接起來(lái)，因?yàn)榈谌涞闹髡Z(yǔ)是第二句最后jobs的重復(fù)，所以②＋③成為：They all want to find jobs，which can give them a lot of money.再潤(rùn)色，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)give可以改為offer，a lot of money可以改為handsome salaries。

利用學(xué)過(guò)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)我們可以讓這個(gè)句子更加復(fù)雜，給定語(yǔ)從句中加一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)：they hope，放在which后面，這樣這句話就成為：They all want to find jobs，which they hope can offer them handsome salaries.第四句話也可以和前兩句連在一起，這次不采用主從復(fù)合句，而采用并列句，因?yàn)橐馑及l(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)折，故用but連接，而impossible太絕對(duì)了，改為hardly possible，于是成為：They all want to find jobs，which they hope can offer them handsome salaries，but this is hardly possible.所以最初的那句話，經(jīng)過(guò)拆解、加工(換詞和連句)形成了下面的一組句子：Every year, heaps and heaps of college students graduate from universities and institutes.They all want to find jobs，which they hope can offer them handsome salaries，but this is hardly possible.上文總共32個(gè)詞，與我們剛才認(rèn)為很難達(dá)到的那個(gè)句子It is impossible for newly-graduated students to find well-paying jobs(10個(gè)詞)相比，氣勢(shì)上毫不遜色，但是哪一種寫(xiě)法更適合廣大考生的情況呢？當(dāng)然是從熟悉的東西著手改造更為可取，像newly-graduated和 well-paying這樣的天外來(lái)客式的詞組需要積累，或者自己有意去搜尋。再?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)一下：上面這組句子是我們從簡(jiǎn)單句變過(guò)來(lái)的。這說(shuō)明：簡(jiǎn)單句這只丑小鴨也可以變成白天鵝！這是對(duì)四級(jí)考生寫(xiě)作應(yīng)試方面最大的啟示！

筆者堅(jiān)定地認(rèn)為，寫(xiě)好四級(jí)作文，切勿好高騖遠(yuǎn)，一下子就想寫(xiě)出來(lái)很復(fù)雜的句子可能會(huì)搞得遍體鱗傷。所以，要從可以掌控的東西出發(fā)，即將復(fù)雜的漢語(yǔ)思想分解成為簡(jiǎn)單句，或者說(shuō)，學(xué)會(huì)想簡(jiǎn)單的句子，然后表達(dá)成為簡(jiǎn)單句，進(jìn)而對(duì)之進(jìn)行再加工，要么換詞，要么連句，如此潤(rùn)色，寫(xiě)作可成矣！

簡(jiǎn)單句寫(xiě)作思路

英文寫(xiě)作的思維就像一個(gè)黑洞，似乎深不可測(cè)，但如果我們將寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程視為一個(gè)看不見(jiàn)的漢譯英的過(guò)程就會(huì)簡(jiǎn)單明了得多。根據(jù)筆者的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，英文寫(xiě)作一般是先想主語(yǔ)，因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)是一句話的開(kāi)頭；再想謂語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)中應(yīng)該會(huì)先寫(xiě)助動(dòng)詞，所以先想用什么時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、情

態(tài)；接下來(lái)是動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞要考慮的是用及物動(dòng)詞還是不及物動(dòng)詞，是系動(dòng)詞還是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。如果是及物動(dòng)詞就要考慮跟賓語(yǔ)，系動(dòng)詞就要考慮跟表語(yǔ)。

系動(dòng)詞跟表語(yǔ)

下面，我們一起來(lái)寫(xiě)幾句話。

例一： 國(guó)際旅游業(yè)創(chuàng)造了很多就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。

??么？應(yīng)該是“國(guó)際旅游業(yè)”，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是“創(chuàng)造”，還要帶一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)“就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)”。這句話的主干應(yīng)該是：旅游業(yè)創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。對(duì)應(yīng)的簡(jiǎn)單句句型應(yīng)該是主謂賓S+V+O。先寫(xiě)主語(yǔ)：International tourism；下面考慮時(shí)態(tài)，這應(yīng)該是一個(gè)經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，create這個(gè)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該加s；create是及物動(dòng)詞，所以后面加上 many job opportunities, 寫(xiě)成：International tourism creates many job opportunities.例二：外出工作讓母親們沒(méi)法照顧好孩子。

這是一個(gè)稍微難的句子，先想主語(yǔ)，是“外出工作”，在主語(yǔ)的位置要用動(dòng)名詞，寫(xiě)成Working outside；“讓”不能寫(xiě)成let，要用make, 時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故make要加s；make是及物動(dòng)詞，后跟賓語(yǔ)mothers, “沒(méi)法照顧好孩子”就成為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成S+V+O+C的句型，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用形容詞，寫(xiě)成unable to take good care of their children, 全句成為：Working outside makes women unable to take good care of their children.當(dāng)然還可以寫(xiě)成：

Working outside makes it impossible for women to take good care of their children.這句話將原句進(jìn)行了適當(dāng)變通，使之成為“外出工作讓母親們照顧好孩子成為不可能”，然后活用了it作為形式賓語(yǔ)，將不定式后置。相比之下第一種寫(xiě)法稍顯生硬。

第三種寫(xiě)法：Working outside deprives women of the chance to take good care of their children.這句話將原句進(jìn)行了適當(dāng)變通，使之成為“外出工作剝奪了母親們照顧好孩子的機(jī)會(huì)”，活用了deprive sb.of 這個(gè)句型。所以英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作有很多可能，可選擇自己最有把握的句子寫(xiě)出來(lái)。

例三：五月到九月份，公司的營(yíng)業(yè)額極不穩(wěn)定。

這句話在圖表寫(xiě)作時(shí)可能遇到。五月到九月份可以理解為在五月到九月份，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，寫(xiě)成between May and September；主語(yǔ)選擇“公司的營(yíng)業(yè)額”，將這句話理解為“是極不穩(wěn)定的”；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞選擇系動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去式，為was；“不穩(wěn)定的”用形容詞 erratic, 這句話可以寫(xiě)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu)S+V+C：Between May and September, the turnover of the company was fairly erratic.注意系動(dòng)詞所表示的“是”，經(jīng)常在漢語(yǔ)思維中隱藏。

結(jié)束語(yǔ)：簡(jiǎn)單句需要同學(xué)們好好訓(xùn)練，因?yàn)楹?jiǎn)單句是走向更復(fù)雜句子結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)，也是新四級(jí)考生在臨場(chǎng)考試時(shí)最能夠有把握寫(xiě)好而不犯錯(cuò)的句型。

四六級(jí)寫(xiě)作中絕對(duì)用得到的詞匯及短語(yǔ)（上）

一些a range of;a variety of;a series of;an array of

無(wú)數(shù)innumerable;countless

許多plenty of;many;much;a great deal of;a lot of;ample

非常多(大)的tremendous

依序列舉list in sequence

時(shí)間詞

過(guò)時(shí)的outdated;antiquated;outmoded;obsolete;anachronistic

短暫的ephemeral;transitory;transient;short-lived

不合時(shí)宜的anachronism

可持久的durable;able to stand wear;last a long time

一再time after time;again and again

初始的preliminary

前述的aforementioned;aforesaid;former

自古到今from ancient times to the present day;down through the ages

年輕人young people;youngster;youth;young adult

老式的old-fashioned;out of date;dated

偶爾from time to time;now and then;once in a while;at times

時(shí)常often;frequently;repeatedly

永遠(yuǎn)的eternal;perpetual;lasting throughout life

重整辦事優(yōu)先順序reshape priorities

目前so far;by far

一次就可完成的事one-time event

正/反意見(jiàn)(opinion)

罵yell at;reprimand;chide;scold;reprove

支持support;endorse;back up;uphold

譴責(zé)condemn;express strong disapproval of

錯(cuò)的mistaken;erroneous;wrong incorrect

錯(cuò)事wrongdoing;had acts;misbehavior

做相反的do the reverse of;do the opposite

歸咎blame?on;put the blame on ?;?is to blame

瓦解disintegrate;break up;separate into small parts

支持某一方in favor of;on the side of

不會(huì)犯錯(cuò)的infallible

意見(jiàn)不和clashes of opinion

一致的unanimous;in complete agreement

不恰當(dāng)inappropriate;improper;unsuitable;inadequate

批判criticize;blame;find fault with;make judgments of the merits and faults of?

我們想念?we are convinced that?;we are certain that..我愿意I incline to;I am inclined to;I am willing to;I tend to

有用的useful;of use;serviceable;good for;instrumental;productive

有意義的meaningful;fulfilling

他們不愿承認(rèn)這一點(diǎn)they have always been reluctant to admit this?

在大家同意下by common consent of?

否定deny;withhold;negate

承認(rèn)admit;acknowledge;confess;concede

于事無(wú)補(bǔ)of no help;of no avail;no use

使?受益benefit?;do good to?;is good for?;is of great benefit to?

想法frame of mind;mind set;the way one is thinking

想出come up with

找出come up with;find out

利用use;take advantage of

夸耀brag about;boast about;show off;speak too highly of

照顧take care of;take charge of;attend to;watch over

對(duì)?很了解have a deep knowledge of?

對(duì)抗權(quán)威stand up against authority;resisit boldly the authority

對(duì)?有信心have confidence in

四級(jí)寫(xiě)作十大必背范文

1、致辭：

Directions: Write a speech on the opening of a conference of no less than 120 words.In your speech, you should：

1、進(jìn)行自我介紹，2、詳細(xì)介紹大會(huì)內(nèi)容，3、結(jié)束語(yǔ)。

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Beijing!To begin with, I would like to make a brief introduction to myself.I am the president of Motorola(China)Electronics Ltd.The following is my introduction to the conference.First, it is my great honor to be here with all of you and declare open the Conference of International Trade Cooperation.Second, on behalf of our company, I would like to express my heartfelt welcome to all the guests and delegates.Last, I believe our cooperative efforts are sure to be productive.I wish all of you enjoy yourselves during this conference and hope the above information will help you.If you have any question for me, please feel free to ask at any time.Thank you for your attention.2、求職信/求學(xué)信：

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter applying for a position of a company.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese：

1、申請(qǐng)職位，2、簡(jiǎn)要介紹自己的情況，3、期待回信。

Dear Sir or Madam，I am senior from the Department of Business Administration of Beijing University.I am writing the letter in purpose of applying for admission into your esteemed institution/your recently advertised position for a staff member.I am sure that I am qualified for it.First, enclosed with this letter is my resume, which further details my previous academic qualifications and work experience.Second, not only do my qualifications and experience make me a perfect candidate for it, my cheerful personality is well suited to studying in your prestigious university/working as a staff member.Last, my hobbies include sports and music.Words fail me when I try to express my heartfelt gratitude to the help you rendered me.Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely, Li Ming

3、邀請(qǐng)信：

Directions: You want to invite some friends to a party.Write an invitation letter to them individually：

1、邀請(qǐng)參加晚會(huì)，2、說(shuō)明舉辦晚會(huì)的原因，3、將安排哪些活動(dòng)。

Dear Wangcai，I am greatly honored to formally invite you to participate in Mr.Old Fish’s wedding ceremony with Ms.Fujiwora to be held at Beijing Grand Hotel from 8 to 10 p.m.on April 1, 2007.As you are a close friend of us, we would very much like you to attend the celebration and share our joy.The occasion will start at seven o’clock in the evening, with the showing of their wedding ceremony.This will be followed by a dinner party.At around ten, we will hold a small musical soiree, at which a band will perform some works by Bach and Strauss.If you do not have any prior appointment on April 1, we look forward to the pleasure of your company.Yours sincerely, Li Ming

4、個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷：

Directions: Write of resume of yourself of no less than 120 words.In it, you should：

1、說(shuō)明姓名、地址、聯(lián)系方式、求職目標(biāo)，2、教育背景、工作經(jīng)歷、資歷，3、所獲獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)、特長(zhǎng)，以及個(gè)人資料。

RESUME Li Ming P.O.Box 237, Beijing University 5, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871 Tel: 62768888 Email: liming@163.com

Career Objective: A position with management potential in the banking business specializing in international corporate financing Educational Background:

Sept 2003 to Beijing University July 2007 Major in International Business Management Main courses include English, computer,Business Management, Accounting, International Commercial Law Work Experience: July 2006 to Bank of China June 2007 Internship, Secretary to Deputy Manager of Marketing Draft business correspondence

Schedule deputy manager’s appointments

Qualifications: University graduation certificate and bachelor degree to be conferred upon graduation(2007)College English Test Band 4 June 2005 Honors & Awards: Twice awarded scholarship by Beijing University 2005& 2006 Special Skills: Familiarity with Microsoft Word, Excel Ability to work independently Outstanding Organizational skills Experience: President of Student Union 2003－present Personal Data: Date of Birth: Sep.17, 1984 Gender: Female Marital Status: Unmarried

5、告示：

Directions: The Students’ Union of your department is planning a Chinese Speaking Contest.Write an announcement which covers the following information：

1、比賽目的、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，2、參賽者的要求，3、裁判和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的細(xì)節(jié)。

You should write about 120 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use Department of Chinese Language and Literature at the end of the announcement.Chinese Speaking Contest

December 22, 2007

To improve students’ ability to speak Chinese and enrich after-class activities, the Students’ Union of Department of Chinese Language and Literature is organizing a school-wide Chinese speaking contest to be held on Saturday next week(29 December)at the Students’ Auditorium.Those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before Tuesday next week.Five professors will be invited to be judges.The first six winners will be given awards.Everybody is welcome to be present at the contest.The Students’ Union

Department of Chinese Language and Literature

6、就業(yè)：

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Jobs for Graduates.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：

1、大學(xué)生難找工作，2、原因很多，3、解決的辦法。

Job hunting has always been a headache for college students.Though many graduates are employed right after graduation, some are not.Most serious of all, some still have no idea where to go working even a long time after graduation.The reasons for this phenomenon are various.On the one hand, a few years ago colleges and universities enrolled so many students in popular majors, such as economy, finance and so on that the number of graduates was greater than the need in the market.On the other hand, most graduates would rather stay in large cities without suitable job to do than go to the country.I reckon this problem can be solved if both colleges and students take measures.First, they should research the market and develop special skills to suit its need.Second, students’ attitude towards employment should be changed.They should go to small cities and country.There they can also give full play to their professional knowledge.In a word, if we pay much attention, the situation can be improved.7、考試：

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Views on Examinations.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：

1、大學(xué)都用考試來(lái)衡量學(xué)生的成績(jī)，2、考生可能帶來(lái)的副作用，3、我對(duì)考試的看法。

In most colleges and universities the examination is used as a chief means of deciding whether a student succeeds or fails in mastering a particular subject.Although it does the job quite efficiently, its side effects are also enormous.To begin with, examinations lower the standards of teaching.Since teachers are often judged by examination results, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques.No subjects can be taught successfully merely through being approached with intent to take examinations.In addition, the most undesirable effect is that examinations encourage bad study habits.As the examination score is the only criterion for his academic performance, a student is driven to memorize mechanically rather than to think creatively.In fact, few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the students’ academic development.If that is the case, why cannot we make a change and devise something more efficient and reliable than examinations?

8、讀后感：

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Favorite Novel.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：

1、我最喜愛(ài)的小說(shuō)，2、該小說(shuō)的內(nèi)容，3、我為什么喜愛(ài)。

My favorite novel is Around the World in Eighty Days which is written by Jules Verne.The author was born in France and devoted himself to literature and wrote several scientific romances, which gained him the name——Father of Modern Science Fiction.This is a book of science fiction which tells us an exciting story about an English gentleman, Mr.Phileas Fogg, who makes a bet with his clubmates and manages to travel around the world in eighty days.It gives us a vivid description of the many difficulties and incidents which happen on his journey.From this story, we can see the author’s deep love for the sea, travel and adventure, which played a vital role in his life.We are also astonished and convinced by his fertile imagination and scientific and geographical knowledge.9、難忘的人：

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The most unforgettable Person I ever Know.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：

1、我生活中最難忘的人是，2、為什么他（或她）令我難以忘懷，3、結(jié)論。

In my life I have met a great many people who are really worth recalling.But perhaps the most unforgettable person I ever know is my English teacher.What frequently brings back memories of my school teacher is his special qualities.First and foremost, he gave us the greatest gift a teacher can offer—an awakening

of a passion for learning.He not only led us to an appreciation of the beauty and perfection of English language and literature, but also aroused our great interest in exploring something deeper in this field.Furthermore, I was attracted by his lively wit.I remember that we students always anticipated his class with great eagerness because his lecture were humorously delivered, never failing to provoke chuckles or loud laughs.Although it is nearly two years since I attended his last class, he is the talk of our old classmates, and I know part of him has already stayed in my heart.10、論說(shuō)文框架：

Owing to the speedy economic development, the number of people who?has considerably increased/declined.It is universally acknowledged that ? plays a crucial role in modern society.Due attention has to be paid to the issue of?.With the reform and opening－up in recent decades，people in mounting numbers have come to realize the significance of ?.If we let this situation continue as it is, we do not know where humans will be in the forthcoming future.Accordingly, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures.To begin with, we should appeal to the authorities to make strict laws to ?.In addition, we should cultivate the awareness of people that ? is essential to us.Only in this way can we reverse this disturbing trend illustrated above.