第一篇：中學(xué)英語經(jīng)典短文讀背

初中英語經(jīng)典短文讀背

編者按：對絕大多數(shù)中國學(xué)生來說，閱讀是吸收英語語言材料，增加語言知識(shí)，擴(kuò)大詞匯量的最重要的手段。而且閱讀能力的提高又能為聽說口語能力和寫作能力的發(fā)展打好基礎(chǔ)。因此，看你的語言知識(shí)能否鞏固，在很大程度上取決于你能否真正學(xué)會(huì)閱讀。閱讀能力是影響英語學(xué)習(xí)的最重要的因素。正因?yàn)檫@樣，不同時(shí)期的《英語教學(xué)大綱》都明確規(guī)定要“側(cè)重培養(yǎng)閱讀能力”。而英語閱讀能力只有通過大量的英語閱讀實(shí)踐才能培養(yǎng)起來。這正吻合了英國著名的語言教學(xué)家、新閱讀法創(chuàng)始人韋斯特（Micheal West）的觀點(diǎn)：“通過閱讀學(xué)會(huì)閱讀”。

鑒于以上認(rèn)識(shí)，我們選編了這份資料——初中英語經(jīng)典短文讀背。希望各位同學(xué)要學(xué)會(huì)借助有關(guān)工具書或在老師的必要指導(dǎo)下讀懂這些短文，學(xué)會(huì)分析有關(guān)長句子、難句子，并在此基礎(chǔ)上，逐篇背誦。尤其需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是，還要學(xué)會(huì)仿照作文，以求達(dá)到舉一反三之功效。

一、My mother

1.My mother is the loveliest person in the world.She loves her children very much and is always kind and gentle to them.Every mother is kind to her children but my mother’s kindliness to us is unlike others.She never gets angry and never loses her temper.When we are naughty and do not listen to her words , she only pretends to be angry and walks away.She will come back to us sometimes later and asks whether we like to be good boys and good girls again.She is so gentle and patient to us.My mother is busy all day.She cooks for us ,washes our clothes and also teaches us to do our homework.We all love and respect our dear ,dear mother.2.My mother is a very kind and gentle woman.I have two brothers and two sisters , so she has five children in all.She takes good care of all of us and keeps the house in good order.My mother has too much to do used to get up very early and sleep very late.She works hard and is always busy.Yet she never makes a complaint.She often says :“Work while you work , play while you play.If you do not work hard and become lazy,My mother is kind not only to her children but to all other people.She is tender-hearted and cannot keep her tears when a sad who know her and we are proud of this.二．My friend

3.I have many friends.Among them , there is one I like much better than all the others.I became acquainted with him when I first went to school and since then we have been living together for over six years.He is sweet and patient, clever and active ,andall who know him..He is good in many subjects and is always glad to teach me and answer my questions.I have much to learn from him and 1

4.Wang Ying is my classmate and good friend.She is as tall as I am and is a lovely and clever girl.She likes pictures and is learning to paint.She also likes swimming.We used to go to swim together and gather sea-shells on the beaches.Wang Ying is the best student in our class.She studies hard and always pays attention to what the teachers say.She also likes to help her classmates to do their homework and

三．My teacher

5.We have many teachers in our school ,some of them old and some of them young.There are women as well as men.We have Englishmen as well as Chinese.He is Mr Liang , an old man of over sixty.He teaches history and is very gentle and kind.He teaches well and seems to know everything.He also tells stories well.We all like him and admire him.6.My teacher ,Miss Fang , is the best teacher I have ever known.She not only teaches us well but.She is our teacher in the classroom and our friend and playmate after class , for she likes to play and joke with us.She is very patient in her teaching.She is never tired of helping us in our work.Sometimes , she pays us visits at home to see how we do our homework.四．My---

7．My cat

I have a furry kitten.She is tiny , naughty but clever.filled with cotton and covered with a little piece of blanke

My kitten is named Mimie.She is clean and lovely.I used toplay with her.Mimie is my good friend.I shall always be friendly and kind to her.8.My dog

My father bought me a little dog on my last birthday.We named him little Huang because he is yellow in colour.Little Huang loves to run in the garden and play with a ball.He is very clever and can barks atlittle tricks.Everybody in the family loves him.He is be unkind to him.五．My school

9.Our school lies in a peaceful and quiet place off the city.It has its own buildings and its own playground.The school building has five stories and twenty classrooms.We have nearly one thousand pupils.We are very happy because the teachers treat us like their own children and the school is just like a large family to us.Our school-master is a very kind old man.He has been school –master for the past fifteen years and looks upon us as his own sons and daughters.All the boys and girls respect and love him.10.Our school is a very lovely place.We have many kind teachers children.We work and play together happily like brothers and sisters.We help each other like good friends.We have ten classes and there are about forty pupils in a class.Our school lessons begin at eight o’clock in the morning.We also have morning exercises.All pupils gather in the playground before school begins and one can see many bright and smiling faces there.We learn many useful things in school.Our dear teachers are teaching us all useful subjects when we grow up.We love our school.It is just another home of ours.六．My home town

11.Singapore is my home town.I was born there and my family has lived in Singapore for many generations.Singapore is a beautiful city and a good place to live in.It has grown intoscenerybotanical gardenon public holidays.One can see rubber trees , coconut trees and palm trees everywhere.12.Hong Kong is the place I love most.I love it because it is my homeland and my family has lived here for many , many years.I love it also because it is a beautiful place and its name has become known“the pearl of the east”.I am proud of it.Hong Kong is a modern city.It is a good sea port and has a good harbour and a modern equipped airport.It has a population of about five million.It has also first-class hospitals and clinics.Ninety-eight per cent of the population of Hong Kong is Chinese.They have lived here for attractive place for world-wide touristsI am proud of Hong Kong and of

七、My Boyhood

13．My boyhood has gone and can never come back.Yet I still cannot forget the happy days when I was a little boy and was a prince in the family.My family was not rich, but as there were only two of us in the family , my younger sister

and myself , we naturally became our parents’ treasuresshared more of my mother’s affection than my sister.I well remember the evenings when , after supper ,we sat together and begged our parents to tell us stories.How I liked those tales told byfairy stories having a brave and honest boy as the heroine.It is a pity that I cannot remember even one of them now.I also remember the days when I fell sick and had to be confined to bed.My parents were then the most unhappy persons on earth.There would be no more fairy tales to be told and thegot well again.The recollectionmy youththe sorrows of life.Let me stand up and walk on like a man and a hero in the tales.八．My family

14.There are seven persons in my family.They are my father and mother , my grand-mother, my three sisters and myself.My parents are just over fifty, and are still strong and healthy.Among the seven , my three sisters are naturally the youngest.Although our family is not very rich , we live a happy home-life.My grand-mother is a very kind woman and helps to look after the children.She is seventy-two , but her eye-sight and hearing young person’s.She is also a good story teller.On weekdays , my father goes to his office and my sisters and I go to school.On

Sundays and holidays, we used topicnic.15.I have a good and happy family.We have altogether five persons : my father , my

mother , my two sisters and myself.My father is a merchant.He is very busy and is seldom at home except after office and

on Sundays and holidays.My mother is very busy too.She has to look after the house and take care of all of us.The evenings at home are the happiest and liveliest moments in our family.After that he has seen or heard in the day-time.After that , my father would begin to enjoy some music from his record player ,leaving us children to do our homework by ourselves.九、My profession

16.Everyone must have a professionserve the publicmankind.I do not desire I believe wealth cannot absolutelyor help one to

My profession must be useful to all and should add value to my life.I have chosen to be a doctor when I grow upcure people of their illnesses and make them live By making other people happy, I myself of

course will always be happy.17.I wish to be a teacher.Some say that a teacher’s life is a very dull one.I do not agree with this.As a teacher , one has the opportunity of all sorts of

among the younger generation Some of your pupils may become prominent citizens after some years.They may be famous politicians, artists , doctors ,professors, etc.Imagine has broght up.I look forward to the day when I can stand before a class of lovely children and being my as a teacher.十、The year

18.A year is divided into twelve months.Every three months make a season , so we have four seasons in a year.When winter comes , the weather is cold.In northern countries , snow falls and all trees and grass are covered with snow.In spring , the days become warmer.The trees put forth new leaves and the voices of birds are heard

Summer follows.The days become hotter and hotter.The sun is blazing in the sky.This is a season for swimming.The weather is mild in autumn.This is always the best part of the year.People go to picnic and enjoy themselves.They know that before long , winter will set in again and they have to remain indoors for quite a long time.19.We have four seasons in a year.They are : spring , summer , autumn and winter.Spring is the loveliest season in the year.In this season , flowers bloom and birds sing.The world is full of life.The weather is warm and the swallows begin to come back to live with us again.Poetsfull of hope.Summer is the most welcome season to school children.They have a long summer vacation.They may go to swim and play.Autumn is a good season for picnics and games.In this season , leaves begin to fall and flowers begin to wither away.This is why some people say that autumn is a season of sadness and loneliness , but I do not think it is true.Winter is cold.In some northern countries , snow begins to fall and most people have to stay indoors.But in tropical countries , the weather is still warm and the people go out of doorsdraws near passes , a new year will be born.

第二篇：50篇易背英語短文

Why Do We Attend University

我們?yōu)槭裁匆洗髮W(xué)

When we consider why we should attend universities, different people have different ideas.In some students' eyes, studying in universities means a bright future after graduation.They think they are bound to find good jobs with a good college education.However, life in the colleges and the jobs that they can find are usually somewhat disappointing.Especially under the severe competition of today's society, it is not very easy for a college graduate to find a satisfying job.As far as I am concerned, universities can provide good study opportunities and essential facilities for those who want to acquire knowledge for the construction of our country, and this is the reason why we attend universities.Vocabulary: somewhat ['s?mhw?t,-hw?t] n.幾分；某物 adv.有點(diǎn)；多少；幾分；稍微 construction [k?n'str?k??n] n.建設(shè)；建筑物；解釋；造句

On Super Girl 關(guān)于超級女生

Our class has recently held a heated discussion about the super girl's phenomenon which was hot news in these years.The students show their different opinions about it.62% of the students support it, they think that it provides a chance for those with talent for singing to show.In this way, some new singers can be trained and so it can promote the development of music and it can also improve their consciousness of competition.However 38% of the students are against it.They believe that many students spend too much time and energy on the competition.Some students even long to become famous overnight and can't concentrate themselves on studies.What's worse it can cause some students to worship their idols blindly.Vocabulary: consciousness ['k?n??snis] n.意識(shí)；知覺；覺悟；感覺

overnight [,?uv?'nait, '?uv?nait] adj.晚上的；通宵的；前夜的 n.頭天晚上；一夜的逗留

worshipper ['w?:?ip?] n.崇拜者；禮拜者；愛慕者

Can Money Buy Happiness?

錢可以買到幸福嗎? Nowadays, a lot of people in society think the more money they have the more happiness they will obtain.As a result they will try their best to get money, even without considering the law.But in my view, the greatest happiness lies in one’s satisfaction with one’s surroundings.So long as we can look at things with a happy heart, we can be happy.It has nothing to do with a mount of money we have.Therefore, people shouldn’t pay too much attention money we have.On the contrary, what they should do is to put their money to good use and try to have an optimistic outlook all the time.Vocabulary: optimistic [,?pti'mistik] adj.樂觀的；樂觀主義的 outlook ['autluk, ,aut'luk] n.展望；觀點(diǎn)；景色

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Surfing the Internet

上網(wǎng)的益處和壞處

With the development of computer technology, the internet has become more and more popular.Opinons are divided on whether students should surf the internet after class.Some students regard it as a great helper, the main reasons for this are listed as follows, first you can surf the internet for any information you need in a short time without working hard in the library;besides it is convenient to communicate with others by using the internet.However, other students think that there are some disadvantages of the internet because there is also some information that's not good for the students.In addition, spending too much time playing games online will not only have a bad affect on study but also do harm to our health.Therefore we should make proper use of the internet.It is of great importance fo r us to separate good plans from wild weeze.Vocabulary: wild [waild] adj.野生的；野蠻的；狂熱的；荒涼的

Natural Resources

自然資源

For many years, we have been told that China is rich in various natural resouces so many people take it for granted that they are inexhaustible.people have not considered that one day some of these natural resources will be used up and that we will then be faced with energy crisis.As a matter of fact, many of the natural resources can't be replaced once used up such as the coal mines or oil fuels, etc.energy crisis will threaten our existance because of our excessive exploitation and because of the growing population.Considering the above the government should try to take some action to protect the natural resources and people should be educated not to waste them.Vocabulary: grant [ɡrɑ:nt, ɡr?nt] vt.授予；允許；承認(rèn) take it for granted 視為當(dāng)然；把…當(dāng)成理所當(dāng)然 inexhaustible [,iniɡ'z?:st?bl] adj.用不完的；不知疲倦的 excessive [ik'sesiv] adj.過多的，極度的；過分

exploitation [,ekspl?i'tei??n] n.開發(fā)，開采；利用；廣告推銷

Examinations

考試

There are many arguments about the advantages and disadvantages of examinations.Some people think that examinations can help them review the lessons regularly, while others maintain that too many examinations have frustrated them.To me, I think an examination is a good thing for both the teachers and students.Teachers can find out how much the students have grasped and then improve their teaching, students on the other hand will learn what their weak points are and then study even harder.All in all, we should not waste time arguing whether examinations are good or not.What we should do is to try to improve the exam system and try to adjust it to our different requirements.Vocabulary: frustrated [fr?'streitid] 失意的，挫敗的；泄氣的Homework 作業(yè)

Nowadays, more and more people in society have realized the importance of quality education.However students in primary schools and high schools are still complaining that they are overloaded with too much homework.In many teachers' eyes, homework offers a good methods to strengthen the knowledge the students have obtained, yet they ignored the disadvantages that homework brings.For one thing too much homework will take up all the spare time of students leaving them unable to enjoy the rest of their lives;for another too much homework will do great harm to students' health both physically and mentally.Its high time that schools thought more about the function of homework and tried to take practical measures to promote the all-round development of students.Vocabulary: Overloaded ['?uv?'l?udid] adj.超載的；超負(fù)荷的；超重v.使超載；使負(fù)擔(dān)過重 abtain [?b'tein] v.獲得

Work and Rest 工作和休息

Just as a famous saying goes: all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.It is obvious that people should have adequate rest in order to work hard yet some students especially those who are preparing for the college entrance examination are worried about their lessons and spend all their day time going over them.In their eyes they should sacrifice their rest time in order to get high scores on tests.As a result they suffer greatly from poor health and some of them may do poorly in the examinations.In conclusion we should be aware that nothing is more valuable than health which is a foundation of one success.With a poor health one can hardly succeed in anything he does.Therefore a student we should have enough rest to ensure a healthy body to work and study.Vocabulary: adequate ['?dikwit] adj.充足的；適當(dāng)?shù)模粍偃蔚?sacrifice ['s?krifais] vi.獻(xiàn)祭；奉獻(xiàn)

Is Honesty Going out of Style?

誠實(shí)過時(shí)了嗎

Most Chinese people are quite familiar with the story of the three wolves cries.We taught to be honest when we were very young however as we grow up we find that it is difficult to be honest all the time.Sometimes we are forced to tell lies and other times we find people who are dishonest can enjoy great pleasures, while honest people have to suffer failures and still there are times when we have to tell lies in order not to hurt others.Consequently people wonder whether honesty is going out of style.As far as I'm concerned honesty should always be an important feature valued by Chinese people we should try our best to avoid telling lies even white lies only in this way it's a fair society awaiting us.My Views of the Ban on Firecrackers 我對禁止燃燒煙花爆竹的看法

Most of us may still hold a happy memory in our minds when we were young, the spring festival was celebrated with the company of the flaming box and the loud explosions of firecrackers, but because of the numerous disasters caused by them, govenments in some big cities have completely banned firecrackers in the downtown areas.Some people are sad about this decision.They argue that they will lose the tradition of the Spring Festival.Regardless of the fires and the damage to human bodies caused by firecrackers they only focus on the pleasure firecrackers can bring about.With the development of the modern society, more and more changes will take place in our lives.Some of which may be great challenges against the traditions, but we should support the govenment's policy and the consideration of the whole society.What's more upon step into the new century we should celebrate the Spring Festival in a more civilized way.Vocabulary: flaming ['fleimi?] adj.燃燒的；火紅的；激昂的 v.燃燒；變亮；發(fā)光（flame的ing形式）

explosion [ik'spl?u??n] n.爆炸；爆發(fā)；激增 The Positive and the Negative Effects of Advertising

廣告的積極和消極影響

In the morden information era, one can't avoid being surrounded by various kinds of advertisments.They serve as a direct bridge between manufactures and consumers.By advertising, manufactures can easily introduce their products and attract the attention of consumers.On the other hand, consumers will have more opportunities to get to know more about the things they are interested in.However, there is still lots of people who complain that many of the words in advertisements are rather misleading.Some manufactures spend far too much money on advertising their products without trying to promote the quality of their goods.To make things worse, some people even use false descriptions in their advertisements for the sake of making money.Perhaps it is not advertising that should be blamed rather we need to strengthen advertising law.Only under the firm control of government, can advertisements benefit people in the broadest sense.Vocabulary:

misleading [,mis'li:di?] adj.令人誤解的；引入歧途的description [di'skrip??n] n.描述，描寫；類型；說明書 broadest adj.寬廣的The Generation Gap

代溝

Nowadays many young people are complaining that their parents can not understand them very well.They say that their parents take care of every aspect of their lives leaving them a neighbor to have their private space yet parents are worried that their children don't show any respect to them and never give them any trust.Consequently the household phrases spreading it is the generation gap.By using this phrase both the young and the old have found a good explanation for their misunderstanding of each other.Yet they don't bother to take any measures to cover the distance between them.In my opinion I think we should first admit that there are indeed some differences between parents and children then we should try to take some time to communicate with each other frequently.Not only the parents but also the kids should be equal when they're exchanging their views.Only by the joint efforts can the parents and children breach the gerneration gap between them.Vocabulary: private space 私人空間

misunderstanding [,mis?nd?'st?ndi?] n.誤解；誤會(huì)；不和

Science and Human Life

科學(xué)和人類生活

With the development of science, human life has changed tremendously.People living in the 18th or 19th centuries would never imagine the advanced household appliances we are now able to enjoy.Every aspect of our lives for instance, in the field of medicine or agriculture has witnessed great improvements through the application of science.However, many people complained that science has also brought disasters to human life.Some evil scientists have used their knowledge to do some illegal things.They may use science for the creation of weapons to destroy thousands of lives in wars, they might also use their knowledge to produce drugs to make a lot of money for themselves.Generally speaking, science has provided us with many valuable things but if used wrong way it can also lead to harm.We should try to keep science under control and put it to the best use of mankind.Vocabulary: tremendously [tri'mend?sli] adv.非常地；可怕地；驚人地

witness ['witnis] n.證人；目擊者；證 據(jù)vt.目擊；證明；為…作證

Do Lucky Numbers Really Bring Good Luck

幸運(yùn)號碼能帶來幸運(yùn)嗎？

Do lucky numbers really bring good luck? Some people think lucky numbers like 6 or 8 would bring them good luck.Because they bare similar pronunciation to the related Chinese characters which mean “good luck”.As a result, some young couples choose a date in which there is a 6 or an 8 to hold their wedding.Well, many shops choose such dates to celebrate their opening ceremony.However, it's rather ridiculous to think numbers can bring good fortune to people.One success has nothing to do with the number which one choose, but is rather related to one's own efforts.Numbers are only numbers, we should not attach too much importance to them.If you really think that a number can bring good luck to you, simply choose it, but don't forget to still go out of your way with your own effort.Without your own contribution, good luck won't simply fall on you automatically.Vocabulary:

ridiculous [ri'dikjul?s] adj.可笑的；荒謬的

automatically [,?:t?'m?tik?li] adv.自動(dòng)地；機(jī)械地；無意識(shí)地

Film is Giving Way to TV 電視正在日益取代電影

There is a common phenomenon in our daily lives.During the period from 1975 to 1985, films goes decline dramatically 85,000 to about 12000 while TV watches sprung up from 5,000 to 100,000.As to the reasons, we may consider the following aspects.With the popularity of TV in our households, more and more people want one because of its cheapness and convenience.On the other hand, TV programmes can offer us more options at the same time.Nevertheless, films have not fully given way, some people still prefer going to the cinema.They feel that the audio visually effect offered in the cinema is a permanent temptation.Vocabulary: dramatically [dr?'m?tik?li] adv.戲劇地；引人注目地

permanent ['p?:m?n?nt] adj.永久的，永恒的；不變的 temptation [temp'tei??n] n.引誘；誘惑物 College Students Going to Rural Areas

大學(xué)生將到農(nóng)村地區(qū)去

The above table indicates a common phenomenon in recent years, more and more students are willing to go to rural areas to put their knowedge into practical use.In 1993, the numbers of students going to rural areas was only 5% of the total number graduates, however, five years later;that percentage have more than doubled.Upon thinking about the reasons for this change, we may find some interesting things.First of all, with the development of society, college students have changed their way of thinking.They are becoming more practical.If they can get a better paid job and if they are more likely to have a nice future in the rural areas.they will no longer stick to the idea of becoming assistant in big cities, on the other hand, the government to also educates that choice of working in the rural areas which encourages more young students to leave the big cities.With the development of a balanced economy, big cities will gradually lessen their attraction for the college graduates.Vocabulary: practical use 實(shí)際用途；實(shí)際應(yīng)用；實(shí)用

On Saving 關(guān)于節(jié)約

As we know, when senior students graduate from school, most of their reference books as well as their text books which are still in good condition are thrown away.What a great waste it is!I suggest that we should recycle these books.On the one hand, recycling them can save a lot of natural resources which can be reused to make textbooks.On the other hand, senior students may have made plenty of useful notes on the pages, they are very useful to the following users.At present, the whole nation is hold on to build an energy saving society.I think it is certaining meaningful to bring long term interests.In fact in Australia and some other countries, recycling textbooks is popular which gives us a good example.My Views on Tradition 我對傳統(tǒng)的看法

Many people especially the aged hold the idea that we should stick to the traditions of our country.Otherwise they think we will lose our distinctive Chinese character.In their eyes, we should be pround of the great traditions left by our ancesters, we should maintain these old traditions in order to differentiate ourselves from other nations, but many others are strongly oppose to it.They argue that we should not be confine to our own traditions.As to some traditions, they are clearly obstacles to the development of our society.We should certainly not hesitate to give them up.While on the other hand, tradition may be improved through the international communications.We should perhaps not be obsessed with our own traditions.On the contrary, we should brave enough to take in all the valuable traditions that comes from different nations.Only in this way, can our society be run properly and only in this way, can we improve on our traditons.Vocabulary: distinctive [dis'ti?ktiv] adj.有特色的，與眾不同的differentiate [,dif?'ren?ieit] vi.區(qū)分，區(qū)別 confine to vt.只限于；關(guān)在…里面 obstacle ['?bst?kl] n.障礙，干擾；妨害物

Fast Food 快餐

In recent years, China has witnessed the prosperity of fast food resturants in big cities.It is quite easy for people to have meals at KFC or Mc donalds.At lunch time, it is hard to find seat in some fast food resturants.While so many small resturants are worried about how to attract more customers, foreign fast food resturants have rushed into China.Why can they draw so many people's attention?

Firstly, fast food is very fast and convenient, people can stuff themselves within several minutes.Secondly, the resturants offering fast food also provide a very comfortable environment as well as a warm atmosphere.people can not only enjoy the food they have but can also feel the foreign flavor the resturants try to display.However, most of the people who regularly go to fast food resturants rarely realize the facts that although the food may taste delicious, fast food usually has little nutrition.I think they should eat less for the sake of their health.Vocabulary: prosperity [pr?s'periti] n.繁榮，成功

atmosphere ['?tm?,sfi?] n.氣氛；大氣；空氣 nutrition [nju:'tri??n] n.營養(yǎng)，營養(yǎng)學(xué)；營養(yǎng)品

Books 書

Books play an important part in our daily life.There are numerous kinds of books and each one can be categorized according to its content.Books are to human life like food to our bodies.Our lives become colorful because of the existence of books.By reading books, our knowledge can be enriched.From books we can get to know many unfamiliar things;from books we can learn how people live in other counties;from books we can broaden our minds and no longer be isolated in our own living circle.In short, books can provide us with so many things.Yet, some books are harmful to us when reading them we will be greatly affected.Therefore, try to choose good books and read them in a well planed way.Vocabulary: numerous ['nju:m?r?s] adj.許多的，很多的 categorized v.分類（categorize的過去式）

isolated ['ais?leitid] v.使孤立；使絕緣；脫離（isolate的過去分詞）

Women in the Modern World

當(dāng)今社會(huì)的女人

Women are playing an increasingly important role today.In many fields of society, you can easily find lots of outstanding women.With their actions and achievements they have showed that women can almost do everthing as equally well as men.Meanwhile with the changes of their social role, the position of women in the family has also greatly improved.Yet, there is still some discrimination against women, some organizations refused to have women employees.Even when women are accepted, they often do not enjoy equal pay for equal work.Forthermore, many husbands still think their wives as their possessions.In my eyes, women should try to get more opportunities to get educated and try to be independent both mentally and financially.They should never stop fighting for equal rights in society.Vocabulary: outstanding [,aut'st?ndi?] adj.杰出的；顯著的；未解決的；未償付的discrimination [dis,krimi'nei??n] n.歧視；區(qū)別，辨別；識(shí)別力

possessions [p?'ze??nz] n.[經(jīng)] 財(cái)產(chǎn)；所有物（possession的復(fù)數(shù)形式）

Competition and Cooperation

競爭與合作

Competition is a common phenomenon in our society, we compete when we play games;we compete in our study and we constantly compete for jobs, customers and profit, etc.We can say that competition is the one of the motives of development of society.But we often find competition and coorperation go hand in hand.In a football game, one team is competing with the other but each member of the team is cooperating with his team mates.In most cases we can't compete without coorperation thus they are equally important.While we are advocating competition we can't forget coorperation nothing can be carried to an extreme.Pure and exclusive competition leads to faliure only when competition combines with coorperation can it help obtaining our goals and satisfying our needs.Vocabulary: motive ['m?utiv] n.動(dòng)機(jī)，目的；主題

advocate ['?dv?keit, '?dv?k?t]vt.提倡，主張，擁護(hù)n.提倡者；支持者；律師 extreme [ik'stri:m] n.極端；末端；最大程度；極端的事物 adj.極端的；極度的；偏激的；盡頭的

combine with vt.與...結(jié)合

Theory and Practice

理論與實(shí)踐

When talking about the importance of theory and practice, some people think theory is rather empty and abstract, so we should try to pratice a lot to obtain our goals;while others maintain that practice is rather too blind and what we really need is to understand profound theories.Both of these viewpoints have own shortcomings: The former one only focuses on the importance of practice, but in fact, practice without the guidance of theory is just like a car without an engine.The latter one ignores the importance of practice.Paying no attention to the function of practice will only lead to empty words.What we should do is to systematically combine these two viewpoints.In our practice, we should try to study the related theory to make our practice easier.While studying theories, we should try to think in which situations we can put the theories into reality.Vocabulary: viewpoint ['vju:p?int] n.觀點(diǎn)，看法；視角

systematically [,sist?'m?tik?li] adv.有系統(tǒng)地；有組織地

Diligence 勤奮

Diligence is the key to success.It means persistent work and does not mean that we are to exhaust ourselves all day and night without any rest.The true meaning of diligence is the careful use of time for the purpose of self-improvement.Many people strongly believe in luck, which is a serious mistake.If luck does exist, it will never fall upon lazy bones.There are also some people who think that they are far superior to others in intelligence and therefore, do not need to study hard.they are sure about their success, but too often they willbe disappointed, as few of them can be successful only with their so-called cleverness.In fact, time is always fleeting and can never be re-gained.The really clever people are those who understand the importance of diligence and make it their habit.These people are on the way to success by their own efforts.Vocanulary: persistent [p?'sist?nt] adj.固執(zhí)的，堅(jiān)持的；持久穩(wěn)固的 lazy bones 懶骨頭

Cities or Countryside

城市還是鄉(xiāng)村

When asked whether they would prefer to live in a city or the countryside, people tend to have different ideas.People who are in favor of city life may think it is too isolated and rather backward to live in the countryside;while advocates for country life argue that the cities are rather crowded and dirty.In face, each way of living has its advantages as well as disadvantages.People living in the city can enjoy and convenient services, yet never will they have the fresh air breathed by the countrymen.On the other hand, though people living in the county will be close to nature, sometimes they will feel that they have been forgotten by modern society.In my eyes, people should have the freedom to decide where to live.They can make their own decisions according to their own situation.Vocabulary:

backward ['b?kw?d] adj.向后的；反向的；發(fā)展遲緩的 adv.向后地；相反地 advocate ['?dv?keit, '?dv?k?t] n.提倡者；支持者；律師

Part-time Jobs

兼職

Nowadays, many students, including some high school students, would like to have some kind of part-time jobs.In their opinion, a part-time job can offer them a good chance to experience the real world outside schools.Additionally, they can get some money from doing this and therefore become somewhat more indepent from their parents.However, parents are worried that part-time jobs will influence the studies of students.They think students will not have enough time to learn and rest, and what’s more, they fear that early contacts with society, may lead to juvenile delinquency.In fact, it is not a bad thing to take a part-time job, but students should never forget their main responsibility is to study well.Vocabulary: somewhat ['s?mhw?t,-hw?t] n.幾分；某物 adv.有點(diǎn)；多少；幾分；稍微 juvenile delinquency 少年違法犯罪

Don't Spoil the Children

不要溺愛孩子

For many years the one couple one child policy has been carried out in China, and it's proved to be an effective way to control the rapid growth of the population in our country.However, the advantages are often accompanied by some disadvantages.For example, the only child becomes the center or even the emperor of the family.In order to provide the bright future for the only child, many parents or grandparents show too much love to them, they do almost everything for the children to wipe way and hardship from them.Yet, when the spoiled children grow up, many of them greatly disappointed their parents, some of them even commit crimes.Who should be blamed? I think parents should teach the children to buy hardships and tell them the correct way to communicate with others.Only by correct education can the children be useful in the future.Vocabulary: accompany [?'k?mp?ni] vt.陪伴，伴隨；伴奏 emperor ['emp?r?] n.皇帝，君主

Taking Part in school Activities

參加學(xué)?；顒?dòng)

Nowadays, a large number of students show great interest in school activities.In their eyes, learning from books is not the sole task of their school career.They also wish to take every chance to obtain practical knowledge.Additionally, they find that after long hours of study, they can relax both physically and mentally by taking part in school activities.However, other students insist that school activities have nothing to do with their studies and they fear that school activities will take up too much of their time.Therefore, they would rather spend most of their time studying.As far as I’m concerned, I think we should agree with the former group of students.We can learn plenty of things from the students we meet in activities.What’s more, we can also get lots of social experience from doing so.Such experience can never be learned by being a “book-worn”.Vocabulary: sole [s?ul] adj.唯一的；單獨(dú)的

Early Education 早期教育

It's a good thing that many parents have already realized the important of education, but some parents are too eager to start their own program to educate their young children.It's not unusual to see a 3 or 4 years old child busy learning many things, such as playing the piano, or drawing pictures, etc.However, few of them have any interest in the things they have learned, and even fewer will be successful in the future.There's a very famous saying, which goes “More haste, less speed.” Without considering the age and interests of their kids, parents are actually killing their curiosity.The so-called early education will do great harm to the children's development.So, if the parents really want to pay attention to the children's education, they should first think of their children's interests, and then make a reasonable plan according to the age of their children.Vocabulary:

More haste, less speed.欲速則不達(dá)

curiosity [,kjuri'?siti] n.好奇，好奇心；珍品，古董，古玩 Why Do They Drop out of School?

為什么他們要退學(xué)? Nowadays, some students in rural areas drop out of school because of poverty.In some remote parts of the countryside, many families are too poor to afford their children's education, but some parents also think that earning money is more useful than going to school.As a result, many school children, particularly girls, are deprived of the chance to go to school.I think every child should have an equal opportunity to be educated.Society should try to help those poor families by donating some money to them.Furthmore, parents should be educated to be aware of the importance of education.Children are the hope of our country, but only when they are properly educated, can they play an important role in the construction of our country.Vocabulary: rural areas 農(nóng)村地區(qū)

be deprived of 被剝奪，被奪去

Keys to the 21st century 開啟21世紀(jì)之門的鑰匙

Young students wil be the main work force in the 21st Century.To be a qualified talent, they should acquire two important keys, which are English and the knowledge of computers respectively.In the new century, English will be the major language used in communicating with people in different countries.To master the language means to have more opportunities to succeed.Additionally, computers are coming into almost every aspect of our livers.Knowing about them will be a basic requirement in the new century.Without the knowledge of computers, one can hardly cope with others in business or in daily life.As a student, we should work harder and master these two important keys to make a greater contribution to society.Vocabulary:

main work force 主要?jiǎng)趧?dòng)大軍

master ['mɑ:st?, 'm?st?] vt.控制；精通；征服 cope with 處理，應(yīng)付

The Importance of Early Rising

早起的好處

Just as Benjamin Franklin says, early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.It's true that early rising benefits us in many ways.First, it helps to keep us fit.We all need fresh air.But air is never so fresh in other time of the day as that in the early morning.Besides, by taking morning exercises we can improve our health.Second, it can help us in our studies.In the morning we can learn quickly.Third, it can enable us to plan our work for the day.We can work well with a proper plan.Early rising can also give us enough time to get ready for a work.So we urge that those who always get up late should make great effort to get up early.As a student, we should work harder and master these two important keys to make a greater contribution to society.Vocabulary:

Benjamin Franklin n.本杰明·富蘭克林（美國政治家及科學(xué)家）enable [i'neibl] vt.使能夠，使成為可能；授予權(quán)利或方法 urge [?:d?] vi.強(qiáng)烈要求

The Harm of Fake Commodities

假冒商品的危害

With the rapid economic development, fake commodities have rushed into our life and greatly affected the normal market order.As can be seen, fake commodities are greatly harmful to both the consumers and the manufacturers.But why have fake commodities become so common? For one thing, some businessmen take risks producing and selling fake goods just for the purpose of making money, and some customers buy those products because of the lower prices.For another thing, the punishment for producing fake goods is not severs enough to stop the violators.Therefore, today’s mrket has been flooded with fake brands of food, cothing and medicine, etc.Fake commodities have left thousands of people in confusion and panic: they no longer have a sense of safety.How terrible!I think it is high time we took some measures to clean up our society.Vocabulay:

For one thing 首先；一則

violator ['vai?leit?] n.違背者；違反者；妨礙者 in confusion 亂七八糟；處于混亂狀態(tài)

panic ['p?nik] n.恐慌，驚慌；大恐慌 adj.恐慌的；沒有理由的

Keeping Pets 養(yǎng)寵物

Nowsdays, many people would like to keep pets as their companions.There are so many pet shops, pet foods and even pet clinics around us.For the pet owners, pets are their favorite friends and can bring them countless pleasures.However, pets can bring problems to others as well.Some people complain that their livers are disturbed by so many dogs' barking;some children even get hurt by the dogs or cats.Many people think that pet-keeping should be limited.As far as I am concerned, pets are our friends so we should treat them kindly.Yet we should also consider other people's feelings.I hope while we are enjoying the happiness pets bring to us, other people can also continue their quiet and peaceful lives.Vocabulary:

countless ['kauntlis] adj.無數(shù)的；數(shù)不盡的

Opportunities

機(jī)會(huì)

Some people believe that opportunities only knock at the door of the luckiest few regardless of their ability, educational background or what kind of person they are.Therefore, instead of working hard to create some chances, they wait passively for the arrival of opportunities.However, many others think that opportunities can be obtained with active efforts.In their eyes,opportunities always come to those people who are well prepared.So these people always work hard and try their best to seek every possible opportunity.As to me, I think I would stand on the side of the latter group of people.If we do nothing but wait, we will rarely have any opportunities, as opportunities and our efforts are closely related.Vocabulary:

regardless of 不顧，不管

passively ['p?sivli] adv.被動(dòng)地；順從地

Chilren's Schoolbags are Getting Heavier

孩子的書包越來越重

Nowadays,more and more students are complaining about the heavy burden of study they are faced with.They find their schoolbags are getting heavier and heavier and the hours they spend on their homework are becoming longer and longer.Why can't the students get rid of the heavy load? For on thing, parents who expect too much of their children put severe pressures on them.They want their children to get high grades, do well in tests and always be the top students.For another thing, teachers at schools also attach too much importance to studies.They believe that students' high scores will provide obvious evidence of their excellent teaching.Society should pay more attention to the health of the students, and teachers and parents should have the correct attitude towards the students' development.Only in this way, can we relieve the students of their heavy schoolbags.Voccabulary:

burden ['b?:d?n] n.負(fù)擔(dān)；責(zé)任；船的載貨vt.使負(fù)擔(dān)；煩擾；裝貨于量 get rid of 擺脫，除去

My Views on the Development of Private Car Ownership

我對私人汽車所有權(quán)的看法

With the improved social developments, more and more Chinese families are beginning to afford private cars.Yet opinions of whether we should develop private car ownership or not differ from person to person.In some people's eyes, private cars offered them great convenience and mobility.People no longer have to depend on public transportation and they can go whether they want.However, opponents of this idea think that private cars make the situation of city traffic even worse.There are already so many traffic jams.What's more, so many private cars greatly pollute the air.As far as I'm concerned, the increasing number of private cars in a symbol of modernization of our country, but we should try to carry out some relative policies to put the use of private cars under firm control.Vocabulary:

mobility [m?u'bil?ti] n.移動(dòng)性；機(jī)動(dòng)性；[電子] 遷移率 traffic jams 塞車；交通堵塞；交通擁堵

modernization [,m?d?nai'zei??n,-ni'z-] n.現(xiàn)代化

Love and Learning

戀愛和學(xué)習(xí)

Most students are often told by their teachers and parents that love is forbidden in high schools, yet there are still some student who fall in love.In their opinion, love can be regarded as a drive in their studies, and they study even harder with the help of their boyfriends or girlfriends.However, most teachers and parents maintain that love affairs will negatively influence high school students.They will no longer concentrate on their study once they fall in love with others.Additionally, high school students are not mature enough.Thet don't understand the true sense of love.I think high school students should be careful when talking about love.After all, they are not old enough and their main responsibility is to study hard in order to have a bright future.If you care for nothing but love, you will definitely be a loser in the end.Vocabulary:

fall in love 墜入愛河；愛上某人

love affairs 不正當(dāng)?shù)哪信P(guān)系；談情說愛

definitely ['definitli] adv.清楚地，當(dāng)然；明確地，肯定地

On Recreation 關(guān)于娛樂

It is impossible for us to keep fit unless we often take part in activities on recreation.One can not work well if he can not get active recreation.There are various kinds of games in our daily life after work.Many people like working and working because in their mind working is the most important thing.But we shouldn't sit too long in our office.It will be easy for our eyes and brain to get tired, even one listening to music, watching TV, or going to the cinema.So I think we have better have more outdoor activities to supply our muscles with exercise.For example, it is a good idea to play basketball, football, table tennis, go swimming and do some running, even go for a picnic.Our brain also needs changes to make us smart and active.Please bear the old saying in mind, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.Only by taking proper entertainment can one have a wonderful life.Vocabulary:

dull [d?l] adj.鈍的；遲鈍的；無趣的；呆滯的；陰暗的

Development and the Environment

發(fā)展和環(huán)境

With the development of industry, people are faced with the problem of a worsening environment.Fish are disappearing in many rivers and lots of green land is changing into desert.What are the causes of this? Firstly, too much development of natural resources has greatly damaged the balance of nature.Many people only focus on the economic profits, without considering any means of environmental protection.Secondly, the government hasn't taken any effective measures for the further development of the economy.Some departments only pay attention to their own benefit.I think economic development and environmental protection are equally important.While industry keeps developing, more money should be spent on improving the environment.Vocabulary:

worsening ['w?:s?ni?] v.惡化（worsen的ing形式）；使變得更壞

Practice Makes Perfect

熟能生巧

Nowadays many people complain about the poor achievements in study.Some eager to know other people's secret to success.Thinking they must have some special abilities in study.However they overlook the importance of practice.In fact, only by practicing a lot can we become skillful in doing everything.Do you know how a baby learns to speak? He practices its mother tongue day and night and finally becomes influent in it.So we should always remember that there is no shortcut to success.No one can become an expert without practicing a lot.We should first burn the hardship in our study and then we can enjoy the fruits of our efforts.Vocabulary: overlook [,?uv?'luk, '?uv?luk] vt.忽略；俯瞰；遠(yuǎn)眺；檢查；高聳于…之上

influent ['influ?nt] adj.流入的n.支流

My Views on Skyscrapers 我對摩天大廈的看法

In modern cities such as Beijing and shanghai we can find skyscrapers all around us.Now old streets and shabby small houses are disappearing out of our sight.People's living standards are getting better and better.While we are enjoying the happiness and convenience the new high buildings bring us, we find we are far away from nature.We are far away from our neighbors and we become even more lonely.Skyscrapers make us unable to breathe fresh air, unable to enjoy the sunlight and unable to talk with our neighbors as we used to.In some people's eyes skyscrapers can be regarded as a symbol of social progress.But for me I’m still longing for the small house where I spent my happy childhood.Vocabulary: shabby ['??bi] adj.破舊的；卑鄙的；吝嗇的；低劣的 out of sight 看不見；在視野之外；在看不見的地方

Going Abroad

出國

Recently many young people, even students in high schools, are dreaming of studying abroad.Attracted by the advanced science and technology, they are eager to go to foreign countries, thinking that they are bound to have a bright future.But the reality may not be as good as they have expected.Some high school students may find it difficult to get used to the new surroundings.Some can not put up with the poor living conditions.Some may give up their study because of lack of self-control.Very few of them can finish their study successfully.In my opinion,(I think)high school students should make their own decisions according to their different family backgrounds.But the most important thing is that they must be clear about their purpose in doing so and they should also have to prepare fully.44

The Dog Ah Fu 叫阿福的狗狗

One day my parents went to work in the fields.And my little sister and our dog called Ah Fu went with them.While my parents were working, my sister ran along the river and Ah Fu followed her.She found a flower in the water and was trying to pick it when she fell into the river.Ah Fu barked to my parents and then jumped into the water.When my parents ran to the river, they saw Ah Fu carrying my sister to the bank.My father, full of thanks, patted Ah Fu on the head.It was brave Ah Fu who saved my sister.Animals are friends of human beings sometimes.We should cherish them.Vocabulary: in the fields 3.在田地；在現(xiàn)場；在野外

pat [p?t] adj.恰好的；熟練的；合適的 adv.恰好；熟記地

The offender

罪犯

The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.With only one bicycle my brother had to sit behind me on the parcel rack.Both of us kept an eye out for the policeman, but to our surprise, a young man and a girl came up and stopped us at the crossroads.“We found you at long last,” they cried.However, we didn't know them.The young man seemed to read our thoughts and explained, “The policeman stopped us about half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender.Now it's your turn.Don't leave until you catch the next.I hope that you don’t have to wait as long as we did.Good luck!”

Vocabulary: parcel ['pɑ:sl] n.包裹，小包 vt.打包；捆扎 rack [r?k] n.[機(jī)] 齒條；行李架；拷問臺(tái)

My Spring Vacation

我的春假

The weather will get warmer with the coming of spring.People usually like to go for an outing at this time of the year.Up to now, I still remember one of my spring outings.It was a very interesting experience.One weekend, my schoolmates and I decided to visit a famous mountain.It was a bright and cheerful morning.We were singing and laughing all the way.Passing a large piece of green grassland at the foot of the mountain, we began to climb.We could see many beautiful flowers and oak trees on the mountainside.The mountain was quite high, but we finally reached the top.No sooner had we arrived at the top than it began to rain.From the mountain top, we could get a bird's eye view of the town.It looked so beautiful in the rain and mist.We also visited a temple there and had a talk with some monks, who told us about the history of the temple and Sakyamuni, the founder of Buddhism.When it was getting dark, we returned.Though I was tired that night, I was too excited to fall asleep.Vocabulary: Up to now 到目前為止

mist [mist] n.薄霧；視線模糊不清；模糊不清之物 Sakyamuni ['sɑ:kj?muni] n.釋迦牟尼

My First Day at Tsinghua Subordinate High School

我在清華附屬中學(xué)的一天

It was on a warm autumn day that my elder brother and I walked into Tsinghua Subordinate High School.The strong dry wind was quite different from that in my hometown, which is usually mild.After registering in the senior section, a teacher took me to my dormitory.I put my luggage on the appointed bed and looked around.The room was not big, but clean with two tables and three bunk beds.Soon, two of my roommates arrived, too.They were glad to meet me and told me a lot about the school life there because they were already junior students of this school.We were busy the whole morning, talking and arranging things.I got acquainted with my new classmates very soon.My brother and I went downtown in the afternoon and walked around.Although I was quite unwilling to say “Goodbye” to my brother, he had to leave for my hometown in the evening.At dusk, we went to a restaurant for our supper.Sitting face to face, I suddenly realized I had grown up and I had to look after myself and live independently.When I walked around on campus after dinner, I noticed many students were going to their classrooms to study.From then on, I knew my senior high school life had really begun.Vocabulary: mild [maild] adj.溫和的；輕微的；淡味的；文雅的；不含有害物質(zhì)的的 acquainted with 熟悉；了解；與…相識(shí)

A Good Lesson 一個(gè)好的教訓(xùn)

I'm always careless with what I'm doing.My mother warns me of the dangers, but I turned a deaf ear to her words.However, a fire once gave me a good lesson and made me correct my shortcomings of carelessness.One day, my parents were out, so I decided to prepare lunch for myself.As I was cooking in the kitchen, the telephone rang.I went to answer the call immediately.It was my closest friend Linda.We were talking and talking on the phone when the fire alarm sounded.I ran back to the kitchen, finding the room was full of smoke and the food was badly burnt.I quickly turned off the gas, opened all the windows and then went out of the house.To my surprise, two fire engines were outside my house.One of my neighbors called the fire brigade.I told the firemen it was my careless cooking that caused the heavy smoke.I was quite ashamed of myself and made up my mind to be careful with whatever I do from then on.Vocabulary: turned a deaf ear 充耳不聞；不加理睬；不愿聽 fire brigade n.消防隊(duì)

The Earth Day

地球日

April 22nd is the Earth Day.Our school organized a lot of activities to improve our environment.In the morning, some of us planted trees.Some picked up rubbish in the neighborhood or parks.Most of us also gave money to organizations that help to save forests and endangered animals.Several groups of the students went to the streets, telling passers-by how seriously our earth is damaged.Many rain forests are disappearing.A lot of wild animals are killed.By doing all these we would like everybody to know that we have only one earth and we should protect it.Saving the earth is saving ourselves.Vocabulary:

endangered [in'deind??d] adj.瀕臨滅絕的；有生命危險(xiǎn)的

第三篇：四六級必背16篇短文!

四六級必背16篇短文！

一、對龍圖騰他的崇拜在中國大約已綿延了八千多年。中國龍是古人將魚、蛇、馬、牛等動(dòng)物與云霧、雷電等自然天象集合而成的一種神物。中國龍的形成與中華民族的多元融合過程同步。在中國人的心目中，龍具有振奮騰飛、開拓變化的寓意和團(tuán)結(jié)凝聚的精神。

Chinese Dragon Dragon totem worship in China has been around for the last 8,000 years.The ancients in China considered the dragon(or loong)a fetish that combines animals including the fish, snake, horse and ox with cloud, thunder, lightning and other natural celestial phenomena.The Chinese dragon was formed in accordance with the multicultural fusion process of the Chinese nation.To the Chinese, the dragon signifies innovation and cohesion.二、秧歌舞是中國漢族的一種民間傳統(tǒng)舞蹈，通常在北方省份表演。秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服裝，他們的表演動(dòng)作有力迅速。在農(nóng)歷春節(jié)、元宵節(jié)等節(jié)日期間，人們一旦聽到鑼鼓聲，不管外面天氣有多冷，他們都會(huì)蜂擁到街上看秧歌舞表演。近年來，中國東北某些城市的老年人自發(fā)組織了了秧歌隊(duì)，隊(duì)員常年通過跳秧歌舞 來保持健康，同事他們也樂在其中。

Yangko is one of tradition folk dance of Han in China.It is usually performed in northern provinces.The dancers usually wear colorful and light costumes, and the performance is powerful and rapid.During some festivals such as Spring Festival, Lantein Festival, if people hear the sound of drum and gong, no matter how cold the weather is , they will come to street and appreciate the Yangko.Recent years, the old people in city of east-northern of China organized the team of Yangko by themselves, the teamers keep their health by dancing Yangko the whole year.三、長城是人類創(chuàng)造的世界奇跡之一。如果你到了中國卻沒去過長城，就想到了巴黎沒有去看看菲爾鐵塔，或者就像到了埃及沒有去看金字塔一樣。人們常說：“不到長城 非好漢?！睂?shí)際上，長城最初只是一些斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的城墻，直到秦朝統(tǒng)一中國后才將其連城長城。然而，今天我們看到的長城——東起山海關(guān)，西至嘉峪關(guān)——大部分都是在明代修建的。

The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world that created by human beings!If you come to China without climbing the Great Wall, it's just like going Paris without visiting the Eiffel Tower;or going to Egypt without visiting the Pyramids!Men often say, “He who doest not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.”In fact, it began as independent walls for different states when it was first built, and did not become the “Great Wall” until the Qin Dynasty.However, the wall we see today, starting from Shanhaiguan Pass in the east to Jiayunguan Pass in the west, was mostly built during the Ming Dynasty.四、Dumplings Dumplings are one of the Chinese people’s favorite traditional dishes.According to an ancient Chinese legend, dumplings were first made by the medical saint---Zhang Zhongjing.There are three steps involved in making dumplings: 1)make dumpling wrappers out of dumpling flour;2)prepare the dumpling stuffing;3)make dumplings and boil them.With thin and elastic dough skin, fresh and tender stuffing, delicious taste, and unique shapes, dumplings are worth eating hundreds of times.There’s an old saying that claims, “Nothing could be more delicious than dumplings”.During the Spring Festival and other holidays, or when treating relatives and friends, Chinese people like to follow the auspicious custom of eating dumplings.To Chinese people who show high reverence for family love, having dumplings at the moment the old year is replaced by the new is an essential part of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new year.餃子是深受中國人民喜愛的傳統(tǒng)食品。相傳為古代醫(yī)圣張仲景發(fā)明。餃子的制作是包括： 1）搟皮、2）備餡、3）包餡水煮三個(gè)步驟。其特點(diǎn)是皮薄餡 嫩，味道鮮美，形狀獨(dú)特，百食不厭。民間有“好吃不過餃子”的俗語。中國人接親待客、逢年過節(jié)都有包餃子吃的習(xí)俗，寓意吉利。對崇尚親情的中國人來說，“更歲交子”吃餃子，更是歡度除夕、辭舊迎新必不可少的內(nèi)容。

五、Acupuncture Acupuncture is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).In accordance with the “main and collateral channels” theory in TCM, the purpose of acupuncture is to dredge the channel and regulate qi and blood, so as to keep the body’s yin and yang balanced and achieve reconciliation between the internal organs.It features in traditional Chinese medicine that “internal diseases are to be treated with external therapy”.The main therapy of acupuncture involves using needles to pierce certain acupoints of the patient’s body, or adopting moxibustion to stimulate the patient’s acupoints so as to stimulate the channels and relieve pain.With its unique advantages, acupuncture has been handed down generation after generation and has now spread all over the world.Nowadays, acupuncture, along with Chinese food, kung fu(otherwise known as Chinese martial arts), and traditional Chinese medicine, has been internationally hailed as one of the “four new national treasures.”

針灸是中醫(yī)學(xué)的重要組成部分。按照中醫(yī)的經(jīng)絡(luò)理論，針灸療法主要是通過疏通經(jīng)絡(luò)、調(diào)和氣血，來達(dá)到陰陽歸于平衡，使臟腑趨于調(diào)和之目的。其特點(diǎn)是“內(nèi)病外治”。主要療法是用針刺入病人身體的一定穴位，或用艾火的溫?zé)岽碳撇∪说难ㄎ?，以達(dá)到刺激經(jīng)絡(luò)。治療病痛的目的。針灸以其獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢，流傳至今并傳播 到了世界，與中餐、功夫、中藥一起被海外譽(yù)為中國的“新四大國粹”。

六、Chinese Kung Fu Chinese kung fu, or Chinese martial arts, carries traditional Chinese culture in abundance.It is a traditional Chinese sport which applies the art of attack and defence in combat and the motions engaged with a series of skill and tricks.The core idea of Chinese king fu is derived from the Confucian theory of both “the mean and harmony” and “cultivating qi”(otherwise known as nourishing one’s spirit).Meanwhile, it also includes thoughts of Taoism and Buddhism.Chinese kung fu has a long history, with multi-various sects and many different boxing styles, and emphasizes coupling hardness with softness and internal and external training.It contains the ancient great thinkers’ pondering of life and the universe.The skills in wielding the 18 kinds of weapons named by the later generations mainly involve the skills of bare-handed boxing, such as shadow boxing(Taijiquan), form and will boxing(Xingyiquan), eight trigram palm(Baguazhang), and the skills of kung fu weaponry, such as the skill of using swords, spears, two-edged swords and halberds, axes, tomahawks, kooks, prongs and so on.中國功夫即中國武術(shù)，是將技擊寓于搏斗和套路運(yùn)動(dòng)之中的中國傳統(tǒng)體育項(xiàng)目，承載著豐富的中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化。其核心思想是儒家的中和養(yǎng)氣之說，同時(shí)兼容了道 家、釋家的思想。中國武術(shù)源遠(yuǎn)流長、流派林立、拳種繁多，講究剛?cè)岵?jì)、內(nèi)外兼修，蘊(yùn)含著先哲們對生命和宇宙的參悟。后世所稱十八般武藝，主要指：徒手拳 藝，如太極拳、形意拳、八卦掌等；器械功夫，如刀槍劍戟、斧鉞鉤叉等。

七、Chinese characters were initially meant to be simple pictures used to help people remember things.After a long period of development, it finally became a unique character system that embodies phonetic sound, image, idea, and rhyme at the same time.The writing system, which was extremely advanced in ancient times, began with inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells, and these are regarded as the original forms of Chinese characters.Afterwards, Chinese characters went through numerous calligraphic styles: bronze inscriptions, official script, regular script, cursive script, running script, etc.Chinese characters are usually round outside and square inside, which is rooted in ancient Chinese beliefs of an orbicular sky and a rectangular Earth.The five basic strokes of Chinese characters are “---“(the horizontal stroke)“│”(the vertical stroke), “(the left-falling stroke), “

＼

／

”

”(the right-falling stroke), and “乙”(the turning stroke).漢字是從原始人用以記 事的簡單圖畫，經(jīng)過不斷演變發(fā)展最終成為一種兼具音、形、意韻的獨(dú)特文字。現(xiàn)存中國古代最早成熟的文字是甲骨文，被認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)代漢字的初形。此后，漢字又經(jīng) 歷了金文、隸書、楷書、草書、行書等不同的階段。漢字結(jié)構(gòu)“外圓內(nèi)方“，源于古人”天圓地方“的觀念。漢字有五種基本筆畫，即：橫、豎、撇、捺、折。

八、Chinese Chopsticks The Chinese way of eating with chopsticks is unique in the world.The recorded history of chopsticks started more than three thousand years ago.Chopsticks were named zhu in ancient Chinese.They look deceptively simple to use, but possess multi-various functions, such as clamping, turning over, lifting up, raking, stirring, scooping, poking, tearing, and so on.Chopsticks were taken as an auspicious mascot by ordinary people in ancient China.For example, the partial tone of chopsticks is often used by people as a metaphor at weddings to indicate a blessing or benediction for the couple to have a baby soon.Unlike using a knife and fork or one’s own hands, a pair of chopsticks also implies the meaning of “Harmony is what matters”.Chopsticks are highly praised by Westerners as a hallmark of ancient oriental civilization.中國人使用筷子就餐的方式在世界上獨(dú)樹一幟。有史記載用筷的歷史已有三千多年。筷子古時(shí)稱為箸，它看似簡單，但卻同時(shí)具有夾、撥、挑、扒、拌、撮、戳、撕等多種功能。中國民間視筷子為吉祥之物，如婚俗中將筷子隱喻為快生貴子的祝福等。與使用刀叉以及手抓的方式不同，成雙結(jié)對的筷子含有“和為貴”的意蘊(yùn)。西方人贊譽(yù)筷子是古老的東方文明。

九、Chinese Seal A seal can also be defined as a stamp.Both the Chinese official and private seal of various dynasties have different titles, such as stamp, zhu note, contract, fu, lease and others.The seals used by the emperors of ancient China were called xi, yin, bao, etc.According to historical records, seals were widely used during the Warring States Period(475BC-221BC).The making of a seal is to engrave fonts, such as seal characters and official script and so on;or images in the form of intaglio and embossment into the seal, basically shaped as round or square.Covered with a vermilion overlay, the Chinese seal is not only used in daily life, but it is also used to represent signatures on paintings and calligraphies.It is gradually becoming one of China’s unique artworks.印章就是圖章。中國歷代官、私所用的印章有印信、朱記、合同、符、契等等不同的稱謂，而帝王所用的印章古時(shí)稱璽、印、寶、章等。據(jù)史料記載，印章在戰(zhàn)國時(shí)代 已普遍使用。印章的制作是將篆隸等字體、圖像用陰、陽的形式雕刻而成，形狀以圓、方為主。印章用朱色鈐蓋，除日常應(yīng)用外，又多用于書畫題識(shí)，逐漸成為中特有的藝術(shù)形式之一。

十、Chinese Era The Chinese era is the symbol that the Chinese calendar uses for recording and naming years.The ten Heavenly Stems are: jia, yi, bing, ding, wu, ji, geng, xin, ren, gui.The twelve Earthly Branches are: zi.chou, yin, mou, chen, si, wu, wei, shen, you, xu, hai.After observing the lunar month, the ancients found that the moon always wazes and wanes roughly 12 times a year, and two lunar months account for about 60 days, so the order of the ten Heavenly Stems and the order of the twelve Earthly Branches are properly matched in turn.In terms of recording date, 60 years is considered to be a full time cycle.The Chinese era chronology was first invented in ancient times and is still in use now.according to the chronology of the “ten Heavenly Stems,” 2011 is the year of “the seventh of the ten Heavenly Stems” and “ the fifth of the twelve Earthly Branches”.天干地支是中國歷法中用以記錄和命名年歲的方法。十天干為：甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、已、庚、辛、壬、癸；十二地支為：子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戊、亥。古人觀測朔望月，發(fā)現(xiàn)月亮圓缺12次大體上是一年的天數(shù)，而兩個(gè)朔望月約是60天。古人以十天干與十二地支的順序依次相配，記錄不同年份，60年為一個(gè)輪回。干支紀(jì)年法從古沿用至今。按干支紀(jì)年法，2011年便是辛卯年。

十一、hinese Beijing Opera Praised as “Oriental Opera”, Beijing Opera is a genuine national quintessence of China.It originated from many kinds of ancient local operas, especially huiban in southern China.At the end of the 19th Century, Beijing Opera evolved and took shape, becoming the greatest kind of opera in China.Beijing Opera is a blend of performing arts---song, speech, performance, acrobatix fighting and dance.Beijing Opera portrays and narrates the plot and characters through stylized acting.The main types of roles in Beijing Opera are sheng(male), dan(young female), jing(painted face, male), and chou(clown, male or female).京劇被譽(yù)為“東方歌劇”，是地道的中國國粹。它起源于中國多種古老的地方戲劇，特別是南方的“徽班”。到了19世紀(jì)末，京劇形成并成為中國最大的戲曲劇 種。京劇是綜合性表演藝術(shù)，集唱（歌唱）、念（念白）、做（表演）、打（武）、舞（舞蹈）為一體，通過程式化的表演手段，敘述故事，刻畫人物。角色主要分 生（男性）、旦（女性）、凈（男性）、丑（男性女性皆有）四大行當(dāng)。

十二、Chinese Taoism Taoism first originated in China.The founder of Taoism is Laozi, a philosopher and thinker who lived in the late Spring and Autumn Period(770BC-476BC).Tao Te Ching whose authorship has been attributed to Laozi, is considered to be the main Taoist classic.Taoism advocates the value of a human being’s life, recommends the discarding of all desires and worries from one’s mind, and encourages the cultivation of moral character and the nourishment of human nature.The following is an example of Laozi’s golden saying: The way that can be told of is not an unvarying way;The names that can be named are not unvarying names.It was from the nameless that Heaven and Earth sprang;The named is but the mother that rears the ten thousand creatures, each after its kind.Truly, only he that rids himself forever of desire can see the secret essences;He that has never rid himself of desire can see only the outcomes.道教是中國土生土長長的宗教。創(chuàng)始人是春秋末期的哲學(xué)家、思想家老子。道教以老子所著的《道德經(jīng)》為主要經(jīng)典。道教主張“重人貴生”。崇尚清靜無為，修身養(yǎng) 性?！暗揽傻溃浅５?。名可名，非常名。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。故常無，欲以觀其妙；常有，欲以觀其徼”便是老子的至理名言。

十三、Chinese Idioms Chinese idioms refer to comprehensive and integrated fixed phrases and expressions.Idioms are established and accepted by constant usage and common practice.An idiom is a language unit that is larger than a word, but has the same grammatical function as a word.Most Chinese idioms consist of four characters.For example, ziqiangbuxi(make unremitting efforts to improve oneself), qingchuyulan(bluer than indigo), and houjibofa(success comes with time and effort).Idioms are extrated from folk proverbs, ancient works of literature, poems, fables, allusions, and well-known sayings.Idioms are a part of the Chinese language that are concise and have great vitality.中國成語是漢語中意義完整的表示一般概念的固定詞組或短語?！俺烧Z”中的“成”既是約定俗成。成語是比詞大而語法功能又相當(dāng)于詞的語言單位。絕大多數(shù)的中國 成語由四個(gè)漢字組成，例如：自強(qiáng)不息、青出于藍(lán)、厚積薄發(fā)。成語主要從民間諺語、古代文學(xué)作品、詩歌、寓言、典故、名言警句等方面提煉而成，是漢語語言中精煉而又富有生命力的一部分。

十四、China is the home of silk.Mulberry planting, sericulture, silk reeling and thickening are all great inventions of the ancient Chinese.As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties(1600BC-256BC), the Chinese people’s silk-weaving techniques had reached an extremely high level.During the Western Han Dynasty(206BC-25AD), Zhang Qian, an outstanding diplomat, travelled around central Asia and connected China with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean, opening up a new era of Sino-foreign trade, exchange and communication.From then on, China’s silk became well known for its extraordinary quality, exquisite design and color, and abundant culture connotations.Hitherto, Chinese silk has been accepted as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emissary of oriental civilization.中國是絲綢的故鄉(xiāng)。栽桑、養(yǎng)蠶、繅絲、織綢是中國古代人民的偉大發(fā)明。商周時(shí)期絲綢的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)就已發(fā)展到相當(dāng)高的水平。西漢時(shí)張騫通西域，把中原與波斯灣、地中海緊密聯(lián)系起來，開辟了中外交流貿(mào)易的新紀(jì)元。從此中國的絲綢以其卓越的品質(zhì)、精美的花色和豐富的文化內(nèi)涵聞名于世，成為中國文化的象征。東方文明的使者。

十五、The Chinese classical garden is a precious treasure of our ancient Chinese architecture.It is a kind of environment art, which systematically combines artificial mountains and rivers, plants and buildings with the natural landscape.The construction standard of a Chinese classical garden is “artificial as it is, the garden must look ingenious and natural.” When you go sightseeing in a Chinese classical garden, you should be able to appreciate its artistic concept which “makes use of the natural landscape to create the real fun of mountains and rivers for viewers.” Of the world’s three major garden systems, the Chinese classical garden is hailed as one of the origins of the world’s garden due to its long history and abundant connotations.中國園林是把人造的山水、植物、建筑等與自然地貌有機(jī)結(jié)合的環(huán)境藝術(shù)，是我國古代建筑藝術(shù)的珍寶。其建造原則是“妙極自然，宛自天開”。游賞中國古典園林，能充分領(lǐng)略“假自然之景，創(chuàng)山水真趣”的園林意境。在世界三大園林體系中，中國園林歷史悠久、內(nèi)涵豐富，被譽(yù)為世界造園史上的淵源之一。

十六、The Four Treasures of the Study The writing brush, ink stick, ink stone, and paper were requisite treasures in the study of the scholars of ancient China, and they are often referred to as the “Four Treasures of the Study.” The writing brush and ink stick have been used by the Chinese to write and paint since 5,000 years ago.In the Qin Dynasty(221BC---206BC), people already used feathers of different hardness and bamboo trunks to make brushes.During the Han Dynasty(206BC-220AD), man-made ink was used instead of natural ink.After paper was invented by the Chinese, bamboo slips, wooden tablets, brocade and silk, which originally functioned as writing surfaces, gradually faded out.The ink stone was first developed with the use of writing brushes and ink.After the Song Dynasty(960AD---1279AD), the “Four Treasure of the Study” particularly referred to hubi, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, Zhejiang province;huimo, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, Anhui province;xuan paper, a kind of paper produced in Xuanzhou, Anhui province;and duanyan, the ink stone made in Zhaoqing, Guangdong province(Zhaoqing was earlier called Duanzhou).Indeed, the Four Treasures of the Study” have writtin the whole Chinese civilization, as it is.筆墨紙硯是中國古代文人書房當(dāng)中必備的寶貝，被稱為“文房四寶”。用筆墨書寫繪畫在中國可追溯到五千年前。秦時(shí)已用不同硬度的毛和竹管制筆；漢代以人工制墨 替代了天然墨；有了紙張以后，簡牘錦帛逐失其用；硯臺(tái)則隨筆墨的使用而發(fā)展?！拔姆克膶殹钡剿纬院筇刂负P、徽墨、宣紙、端硯?？梢哉f文房四寶書寫了整個(gè)中華文明。

第四篇：認(rèn)真讀短文

二.認(rèn)真讀短文，你一定能回答下面的問題。(10%)羊媽媽收菜

羊媽媽帶著小羊到菜園去收菜。

他們走到蘿卜地里，羊媽媽拔了一個(gè)蘿卜。小羊要吃蘿卜葉子。羊媽媽說：“蘿卜的根最好吃?！?/p>

他們走到白菜地里。羊媽媽拔了一棵小白菜。小羊要吃白菜的根。羊媽媽說：“白菜的葉子才好吃呢!”

他們走到西紅柿地里。小羊要吃西紅柿的葉子。羊媽媽說：“

1.從文中你看到誰 去收菜。(2分)

2.它們到了哪些地方?(3分)

3.填空。(3分)

西紅柿的（）好吃。白菜的（）好吃。

4.你平時(shí)喜歡勞動(dòng)嗎?為什么?(2分)

答：

三.看圖寫話。(10%)

要吃西紅柿的果實(shí)呀!”

第五篇：語文讀背材料

2019屆高三語文讀背材料

（一）點(diǎn)燃生命的光

筱 理《人民日報(bào)》（2018年10月10日05版）

【人物】守護(hù)棄嬰的“媽媽”徐樸

【故事】徐樸記不清自己做了多少次“母親”，而那些她懷抱里的孩子，大多是因患有嚴(yán)重腦癱、腦積水、先天無肛、唐氏綜合征等疾病而被遺棄的嬰兒。40歲時(shí)，她辭去了無線通信領(lǐng)域某知名外企研發(fā)總監(jiān)的職位，和朋友一起創(chuàng)辦公益組織“樸質(zhì)公益”，致力于棄嬰生存狀態(tài)的改善。他們給這些孩子籌措手術(shù)費(fèi)用、四處聯(lián)系醫(yī)院、找醫(yī)生，也把孩子抱在懷里，一遍遍親吻和安撫，減輕孩子的病痛。有人如此評價(jià)做了十幾年公益的徐樸：“她做了母親乘以一百倍的工作，也有著母親乘以一百倍的力量。”

【點(diǎn)評】

作為母親，有一種自然而然的偉大力量，去護(hù)佑自己的孩子。因?yàn)槟赣H的身份，而讓這份母愛無限放大，“幼吾幼，以及人之幼”，連那些并非親生的嬰兒，都如同自己身上掉下來的肉。這就是為棄嬰們尋找生存尊嚴(yán)、傳遞生命溫度的徐樸，一個(gè)被稱為“一百次成為母親”的母親。

在徐樸身上，有三股力量，凝聚成把孩子從生死邊緣拉回來的合力。一個(gè)是專業(yè)，看護(hù)身患疾病的孩子，需要較高的專業(yè)知識(shí)水平，絕不僅僅止于“做好事”。另一個(gè)是情緒，心疼但不流淚、心酸但能堅(jiān)忍，起碼在孩子面前都是笑臉與陽光，這是追求“快樂”，而非消費(fèi)悲苦。還有一個(gè)則是團(tuán)隊(duì)，眾人拾柴火焰高，徐樸帶動(dòng)丈夫、身邊人一起參與，雖然一個(gè)運(yùn)營了兩年多的養(yǎng)護(hù)點(diǎn)被關(guān)閉了，但孩子們讓他們的生命“像上了發(fā)條”一樣，不會(huì)也不能停下來。

其實(shí)，孩子本身就是一股力量，一股看得見、摸得到的成長力量。一個(gè)嚴(yán)重唇腭裂的男孩，剛開始，“鼻子和嘴巴都連在一起”，經(jīng)過養(yǎng)護(hù)和手術(shù)，猶如“再造了一個(gè)生命”。有些孩子能像普通人一樣笑得自然了，有些孩子“從胳膊細(xì)得不敢碰到白白胖胖的”，有些孩子則進(jìn)入收養(yǎng)家庭開始了全新生活??他們的改變與成長，也是一種力量，還有什么比讓這些孩子活下去并且活得有尊嚴(yán)、有活力，更能照見生命的希望與美好呢？

不忍他人孤苦無助，所以要篤定相幫；不忍他人遭受白眼，所以營建一個(gè)溫暖的港灣；不忍他人被貼上“活不長”的標(biāo)簽，所以沒有辦法也要想辦法給出溫暖懷抱。這樣的不忍之中，有一種人性之善、人性之美。徐樸把自己給了孩子們，老師李芳用身體給學(xué)生擋車，臺(tái)風(fēng)“山竹”來襲時(shí)那些逆風(fēng)而行的救援者??這些普普通通的人們，用自覺行動(dòng)、無聲付出，詮釋了人與人之間的關(guān)愛。是他們，點(diǎn)燃生命的光，也必將照亮這個(gè)世界。

一橋通三地，發(fā)展趁“漲潮”

陳 凌《 人民日報(bào) 》（2018年10月24日 05 版）

港珠澳大橋的開通，為粵港澳大灣區(qū)建設(shè)疏通了“主動(dòng)脈”，為將粵港澳大灣區(qū)建設(shè)成為更具活力的經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)域打開了無限可能

上午在廣州“嘆早茶”，下午“刷卡”過關(guān)去澳門吃個(gè)葡撻，晚上去維多利亞港欣賞香港夜景??這樣的美好憧憬，如今就要變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。10月23日上午，港珠澳大橋開通儀式在廣東省珠海市舉行，總書記出席儀式并宣布大橋正式開通。往來粵港澳將如走街串巷般方便，“大灣區(qū)時(shí)代”加速到來。

“多年的等待終于等到你”“再遠(yuǎn)的距離也不再遙不可及”“想去大橋拍日落，想去大橋看白海豚”??網(wǎng)友的留言，道出了三地市民對大橋開通的熱切期盼。一直以來，珠江西岸與香港之間因伶仃洋相隔，缺少直接的陸路通道，只能走海運(yùn)或繞行珠江東岸。大橋的建成通車，讓珠江西岸與香港首次

實(shí)現(xiàn)直接陸路相連。交通效率的變化，引起時(shí)空的變化。以前，從珠海、澳門到香港，陸路車程需要3個(gè)小時(shí)之久，如今只需不到1個(gè)小時(shí)。港珠澳大橋的開通，極大便利了三地之間的交通往來，也拉近了三地市民的距離。正如總書記所言，“這是一座圓夢橋、同心橋、自信橋、復(fù)興橋?！?/p>

俗語說：路通則人通，人通則財(cái)通。大橋的開通，不僅提升了交通效率，更帶來了新的發(fā)展機(jī)遇。以物流為例，香港貿(mào)易發(fā)展局曾發(fā)布研究報(bào)告指出，內(nèi)地的珠江西岸倉儲(chǔ)用地充裕、人工成本較低、產(chǎn)業(yè)配套設(shè)施齊全，但倉庫租金遠(yuǎn)低于香港和珠江東岸。借助港珠澳大橋，在珠江西岸地區(qū)建立倉儲(chǔ)分撥中心，將極大降低物流成本。換言之，作為連接珠江西岸和香港的紐帶，港珠澳大橋的開通，將有效擴(kuò)大香港機(jī)場和貨柜碼頭的腹地，這既能刺激珠江西岸地區(qū)物流服務(wù)的快速增長，也將進(jìn)一步鞏固香港的貿(mào)易中心和物流樞紐地位，可謂雙贏。再以旅游業(yè)為例，大橋開通后，三地通關(guān)更加便利，“一程多站”旅游產(chǎn)品的推廣，既能帶動(dòng)香港、珠海旅游的發(fā)展，也將不斷充實(shí)澳門作為“世界旅游休閑中心”的功能。優(yōu)勢互補(bǔ)、互利共贏，看得見、摸得著，不少企業(yè)家已經(jīng)躍躍欲試。

不僅如此，港珠澳大橋的開通，還將為大灣區(qū)成長為中國經(jīng)濟(jì)新的增長極提供重要支撐。港珠澳大橋未開通之前，由于珠江口的天然阻隔和跨江通道不足，香港對珠江西岸的產(chǎn)業(yè)輻射能力有限，珠江東西兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展存在失衡，甚至有人因此感嘆，“珠江口上煙波愁”。而大橋開通后，香港的經(jīng)濟(jì)輻射范圍，將從原先的向北、向東，進(jìn)一步向西延伸。有研究機(jī)構(gòu)測算，珠三角城市與香港的陸運(yùn)距離每減少1%，制造業(yè)與服務(wù)業(yè)的外資投入金額能分別增加0.2%和0.7%。就廣東而言，港珠澳大橋的開通，將加快香港的金融資本、人才和先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)向珠江西岸集聚，讓珠江東、西兩岸的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展更加平衡；而從香港、澳門來看，與內(nèi)地的聯(lián)通，不僅為港澳拓展了發(fā)展空間，也為搶抓“一帶一路”建設(shè)機(jī)遇、融入國家發(fā)展大局，提供了重要契機(jī)。天南明珠一線連，港珠澳大橋的開通，為粵港澳大灣區(qū)建設(shè)疏通了“主動(dòng)脈”，為將粵港澳大灣區(qū)建設(shè)成為更具活力的經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)域打開了無限可能。

站在珠海濱海大道情侶路上，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)就能望見港珠澳大橋珠海公路口岸，整個(gè)口岸外形按照“如意”造型設(shè)計(jì)，寓意“一地三通，如意牽手”。正如珠江口老漁民所熟知的一句諺語，“開船要趁漲潮”。如今，粵港澳大灣區(qū)建設(shè)大潮正涌，三地深化合作大勢已成，珠江口岸將書寫新的發(fā)展故事、譜寫新的繁榮傳奇。

高中語文必修一文化常識(shí)

《左傳》：我國第一部敘事詳盡的編年體史書，相傳是春秋末年魯國史官左丘明所作。全稱《春 秋左氏傳》，別稱《左氏春秋》，和《公羊傳》《谷梁傳》合稱“春秋三傳”。

晉侯、秦伯：分別指晉文公和秦穆公。周朝時(shí)期，受分封諸侯的爵位共有五等，分別為公、侯、伯、子、男，由此可見當(dāng)時(shí)晉國的級別比秦國要高。

子：在文中是對男子的尊稱，相當(dāng)于現(xiàn)在的“您”。在古漢語中，用作第二人稱的敬稱代詞主 要有“子”“君”“公”“閣下”“卿”“殿下”“足下”等。

寡人：通常用作古代君主的自稱，意為“寡德之人”，表示自謙，在春秋戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期使用較為普 遍。

執(zhí)事：辦事的官吏，也用于對對方的敬稱。

大夫：官職等級名。夏商周時(shí)，官分卿、大夫、士三級，大夫又分上、中、下三等。后來成為 對有官位者的通稱。

《戰(zhàn)國策》：中國古代的一部歷史學(xué)名著。它是一部國別體史書，又稱《國策》。由西漢劉向 所整理編寫，共33篇，分為十二策?！秶Z》是第一部國別體史書。

卿：古代對人的敬稱。如燕人稱荊軻為荊卿。

祖：臨行祭路神，引申為餞行和送別。

徵：古代音樂分宮、商、角、徵、羽、變宮、變徵七音。變徵是徵的變調(diào)，音調(diào)悲涼；羽，聲 調(diào)激憤。

中庶子：管理國君的車馬之類的官。郎中：宮廷的侍衛(wèi)。民間又稱醫(yī)生。

箕踞：坐在地上，兩腿張開，形象像箕，是一種輕慢傲視對方的姿態(tài)。

東向：在中國古代，君臣議事于朝廷之上，是以向南的座位為尊的。但在賓主之間，一般以向 東的座位為尊，其次是向南的座位，再其次是向北的座位，最末位是向西的座位，因此古人常常以請人東向坐來表示對人的尊敬。

籍：項(xiàng)羽的名，自稱名表示對對方的尊重。在古代，名和字是有著嚴(yán)格的區(qū)別的。名一般指人 的姓名或單指名，一般在出生幾個(gè)月后由父親命名。字是20歲舉行加冠儀式以后才起的，是對名的解釋和補(bǔ)充，對名有表述、闡明的作用。

亞父：對年長者的尊敬稱呼，表示僅次于父親。

參乘：坐在車右侍衛(wèi)的人，又叫陪乘。古代乘車之法，尊者居左，馭者居中，陪乘者居右，負(fù) 責(zé)行車安全。

《史記》：我國第一部紀(jì)傳體通史，上起傳說中的黃帝，下到漢武帝。分本紀(jì)、世家、列傳、書、表五類，共130篇，50余萬字。本紀(jì)記帝王，世家述諸侯，列傳敘人臣，書記禮、樂、音律、歷法、天文、封禪、水利等，表記各個(gè)時(shí)期的簡單大事記。魯迅評價(jià)該書為“史家之絕唱，無韻之《離騷》”

關(guān)中：函谷關(guān)以西，今陜西一帶。

季父：叔父。古代兄弟或姊妹間長幼排序?yàn)椴?、仲、叔、季。河：特指黃河。江，特指長江。

豎子：罵人的話，相當(dāng)于“小子”。（與《荊軻刺秦王》的“豎子”結(jié)合起來理解）

古代詩歌閱讀答題技巧

一、形象鑒賞“三步驟”

1、鑒賞景物形象“三步驟”

①描繪詩中展現(xiàn)的圖景畫面。抓住詩中的主要景物，再現(xiàn)畫面。描述時(shí)，一要忠實(shí)于原詩，二要運(yùn)用聯(lián)想和想象加以再創(chuàng)造，語言力求優(yōu)美。

②概括景物營造的氛圍特點(diǎn)。一般用兩個(gè)雙音節(jié)詞即可，例如孤寂冷清、恬靜優(yōu)美、雄渾壯闊、蕭瑟凄涼、明凈絢麗、幽靜深寂等，注意要能準(zhǔn)確地體現(xiàn)景物的特點(diǎn)和情調(diào)。常用術(shù)語:寥廓、雄奇、開闊、曠遠(yuǎn)、悲壯、悲涼、凄清、陰冷、幽靜、蕭條、荒涼、衰敗、孤寂、恬靜、閑適、纏綿、清新、明麗、絢麗、壯麗、秀美、恬淡、朦朧、淡雅。

③分析詩人表現(xiàn)的思想感情。切忌空洞，要答具體。比如僅答“表達(dá)了詩人感傷的情懷”是不行的，應(yīng)答出為什么而“感傷”。

2、鑒賞事物形象“三步驟”

①概括物黎的基本特征(自然屬性)。這一步主要是提煉體現(xiàn)物象特征的詞語，概括物象的外在特色，挖掘物象內(nèi)在的品格和精神。

②連接“物”的特點(diǎn)與“人”的品格。這一步主要是將“物”與“人”之間的相似點(diǎn)或相關(guān)點(diǎn)連接起來。

③點(diǎn)出物象的意義(社會(huì)屬性)。這一步主要是明確詩人借助物象所抒發(fā)的感情或表現(xiàn)的寓意，要注意聯(lián)系詩人的經(jīng)歷或相關(guān)背景。

3、鑒賞人物形象“三步驟”

①定位詩歌塑造的人物形象的基本身份，概括人物形象的特征。組織語言的一般格式為:“思想性格特征十人物身份(是什么)?！?/p>

②結(jié)合詩句分析形象的基本特征(性格、品格)，分點(diǎn)說明、概括(為什么)，切忌以譯代析。③總結(jié)形象意義。就是分析形象中詩人所寄寓的思想感情或蘊(yùn)含的哲理?？捎靡痪湓捀爬偸?，也可以放到步驟②里合答。

二、語言鑒賞三步驟

1、煉字

①用一兩句話準(zhǔn)確表明該字在詩句中的準(zhǔn)確含義。②結(jié)合詩的有關(guān)內(nèi)容具體分析該字所描述的景象。

③適當(dāng)展開聯(lián)想和想象，說說該字營造了怎樣的意境，或表達(dá)了怎樣的感情等。

2、煉句

①點(diǎn)明該句的句式特點(diǎn)(構(gòu)思技巧、修辭手法、描寫手法等)。②分析詩句內(nèi)容(展開聯(lián)想描述景象)。

③點(diǎn)情境/表感情/談作用(點(diǎn)出該句描繪了怎樣的情境，或表達(dá)了怎樣的感情，或在表情達(dá)意中有何效果或作用)。

3、語言風(fēng)格

①明特色。用一兩個(gè)詞準(zhǔn)確概括語言特色。常用術(shù)語:沖淡、工麗、絢麗、直率、婉約、明快、自然、清幽、雄奇、豪放、悲慨、凝練、沉郁。

②舉例析。結(jié)合詩中有關(guān)詩句具體分析這種特色。一般可從意象、手法、境界等角度展開分析。③點(diǎn)效果。指出這一特色在傳情達(dá)意上有什么作用，產(chǎn)生了怎樣的藝術(shù)效果。

三、表達(dá)技巧鑒賞三步驟

1、答題步驟：

①準(zhǔn)確指出詩歌所使用的表達(dá)技巧。②結(jié)合詩句內(nèi)容闡釋該技巧的具體運(yùn)用。③指出該技巧的表達(dá)效果。

2、常見技巧

①修辭手法:比喻、擬人、夸張、對偶、借代、排比、設(shè)問、反問、反復(fù)等。②抒情手法:直抒胸臆、借景抒情、寓情于景、情景交融、托物言志等。③描寫手法:動(dòng)靜結(jié)合、虛實(shí)結(jié)合、細(xì)節(jié)描寫、正側(cè)結(jié)合、遠(yuǎn)近高低結(jié)合等。

④表現(xiàn)手法:比興、襯托、烘托、渲染、對比、用典、象征、聯(lián)想、想象、以小見大等。⑤構(gòu)思技巧:鋪墊、照應(yīng)、抑揚(yáng)、曲筆入題、卒章顯志、以景結(jié)情等。