第一篇：2018年考研英語(yǔ)翻譯之分割定語(yǔ)從句

凱程考研，為學(xué)員服務(wù)，為學(xué)生引路！

2018年考研英語(yǔ)翻譯之分割定語(yǔ)從句

2018年考研英語(yǔ)翻譯技巧：被分割定語(yǔ)從句譯法

通常，定語(yǔ)從句緊跟在先行詞之后，但在具體的運(yùn)用中，往往也出現(xiàn)有定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞被分隔的現(xiàn)象。本文就定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞分隔的種種情況、分隔的原因及其漢譯進(jìn)行探討。

一、定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞分隔的形式

1、被謂語(yǔ)分隔，例如：

Many forms of apparatus have been devised by which a more ac-curate knowledge of blood pressure can be obtained.人們已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)出許多醫(yī)療器械，通過(guò)這些醫(yī)療器械，可以對(duì)血壓有一個(gè)更為精確的了解。

Hardly a man came to the exhibition but was deeply impressed by the originality of his works.來(lái)參觀的人幾乎無(wú)一不對(duì)他的作品的創(chuàng)造性留下深刻印象。

2、被非從句定語(yǔ)分隔，例如：

Singapore is at the start of a long road，already well trodden in the west，that leads to such solutions as shelter and rest homes.新加坡眼下正踏上一條西方國(guó)家早已走了很遠(yuǎn)的漫長(zhǎng)道路，即最終建立收容所和休養(yǎng)院來(lái)解決問(wèn)題。

Does this mean that in time fish might learn to leave alone all food on hooks that they have seen before?這難道不就意味著，魚(yú)兒很快就可能學(xué)會(huì)避開(kāi)那些它們常見(jiàn)的魚(yú)鉤上的食物嗎?

3、被狀語(yǔ)分隔，例如：

Never say anything behind a person's back that you wouldn't say to his face.當(dāng)面不愿說(shuō)的話，千萬(wàn)不要在背后說(shuō)。

I remember viewing a half dozen men in a chair factory whose job was to bend several pieces of steel and attach them so that a folding chair would result.我記得曾在一家椅子廠見(jiàn)過(guò)六個(gè)工人，他們的工作是將幾根鋼管彎曲并組成一把折椅。

4、被補(bǔ)語(yǔ)分隔，例如：

The cook turned pale，and asked the housem aid to shut the door，who asked Brittles，who asked the tinker，who pretended not to hear.廚子的臉色變得蒼白，要女仆把門(mén)關(guān)上，女仆叫布立特爾關(guān)，布立特爾又叫補(bǔ)鍋匠關(guān)，而補(bǔ)鍋匠裝著沒(méi)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。

5、被同位語(yǔ)分隔，例如：

One was a violent thunderstorm，the worst I had ever seen，which obscured my objective.有一次是暴風(fēng)驟雨，猛烈的程度實(shí)為我平生所僅見(jiàn)。這陣暴風(fēng)雨遮住了我的目標(biāo)。

二、定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞分隔的原因

1、為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，避免“頭重腳輕”，將定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞分隔，例如：

Mr.Leon said in the future，computer would be developed which would be small enough to carry in the pocket.利昂先生說(shuō)，將來(lái)會(huì)生產(chǎn)出小得可以放在口袋里的計(jì)算機(jī)。

2、為了突出或強(qiáng)調(diào)主句中的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)所表達(dá)的意義，將定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞分隔，例如：

Chinese trade delegations have been sent to African countries，who will negotiate trade agreem ents with the respective govern-

凱程考研，為學(xué)員服務(wù)，為學(xué)生引路！

ments.中國(guó)已派出貿(mào)易代表團(tuán)前往非洲各國(guó)，以便與這些國(guó)家的政府商談貿(mào)易協(xié)定。

The day is not far off when a lot of housework can be done by machine.大量家務(wù)活由機(jī)器來(lái)干的日子不遠(yuǎn)了。

3、先行詞所帶的非從句定語(yǔ)常需置于定語(yǔ)從句之前而造成先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句分隔，例如：

There was som ething original，independent and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them.這個(gè)方案有創(chuàng)造性，而且別出心裁，又有魅力，所以深得他們的喜歡。

三、與先行詞分隔的定語(yǔ)從句的漢譯

1、將定語(yǔ)從句譯為漢語(yǔ)“的”字結(jié)構(gòu)，置于先行詞之前，例如：

Yet there exist com plex computations in science and engineer-ing which people are unable to make.到目前為止，在科學(xué)和工程方面還存在許多人們無(wú)能為力的復(fù)雜計(jì)算。

He merely swallows this theory because there is something about it that appeals to the twentieth-century m entality.他全盤(pán)接受這一理論，只是因?yàn)檫@一理論中有一種迎合二十世紀(jì)心理的東西。

I think it is clear that each side entertainssuspicions of the other which are unjust.我認(rèn)為雙方顯然相互懷著沒(méi)有正當(dāng)理由的猜疑。

2、將定語(yǔ)從句單獨(dú)譯為一個(gè)分句，例如：

There is som ebody waiting for you who I think might be one of your friends from your native town.有個(gè)人在外面等你，我想這個(gè)人可能就是你家鄉(xiāng)的一位朋友。

The molecules exert forces upon each other，which depend upon the distance between them.分子相互之間存在著力的作用，該力的大小取決于它們的距離。

The result of this is the retention of too much air in the respiratory tract at each expiration which prevents the fresh air from being taken in at the next inhalation from reaching the lung alveoli.其結(jié)果就是在每次呼氣時(shí)呼吸道里保留過(guò)多的空氣，這樣就在下次吸氣時(shí)妨礙吸入的新鮮空氣抵達(dá)肺泡里。

3、將定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞溶合譯出，例如：

He is a wise man who speaks little.智者言少。

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第二篇：考研英語(yǔ)翻譯技巧之定語(yǔ)從句

考研英語(yǔ)翻譯技巧之定語(yǔ)從句

一、前置法：把定語(yǔ)從句翻譯到所修飾的先行詞前面，可以用“的”來(lái)連接。

He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.沒(méi)有吃過(guò)苦的人不知道什么是甜。

Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.太空和海洋是科學(xué)家們努力探索的新領(lǐng)域。

His laughter, which was infectious, broke the silence.他那富有感染力的笑聲打破了沉寂。

二、后置法：把定語(yǔ)從句翻譯在所修飾的先行詞后面，翻譯為并列分句。

（一）重復(fù)先行詞。

I told the story to John, who told it to his brother.他把這件事告訴了約翰，約翰又告訴了他的弟弟。

We wish to express our satisfaction at this to the Special Committee, whose activities deserve to be encouraged.在我們對(duì)特別委員會(huì)表示滿意，特別委員會(huì)的工作應(yīng)該受到鼓勵(lì)。

You, whose predecessors scored initial success in astronomical research, have acquired a greater accomplishment in this respect.你們的先輩在天文學(xué)研究方面取得了初步的成功，而你們現(xiàn)在則在這一方面獲得了更大的成就。

Although he lacks experience, he has enterprise and creativity, which are decisive in achieving success in the area.他雖然經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足，但很有進(jìn)取心和創(chuàng)造力，而這正是在這一領(lǐng)域獲得成功的關(guān)鍵。

（二）省略先行詞。

They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased.他們制定出一種新方案，采用之后生產(chǎn)已迅速得到提高。

三、融合法：把定語(yǔ)從句和它所修飾的先行詞結(jié)合在一起翻譯。

There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.樓下有人要見(jiàn)你。

In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in the new invention.在我們工廠里，許多人對(duì)這項(xiàng)新發(fā)明很感興趣。

We used a plane of which almost every part carried some indication of national identity.我們駕駛的飛機(jī)幾乎每一個(gè)部件都有一些國(guó)籍標(biāo)志

She had a balance at her banker’s which would have made her beloved anywhere.她在銀行里的存款足以使她到處受到歡迎

四、狀譯法

（一）譯成表示“時(shí)間”的分句

A driver who is driving the bus mustn’t talk with others or be absent-minded.司機(jī)在開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)，不許和人談話，也不能走神。

（二）譯成表示“原因”的分句

He showed no further wish for conversation with Mrs.Smith, who was now more than usually insolent and disagreeable.他似乎不愿再和史密斯太太講話，因?yàn)樗F(xiàn)在異常無(wú)禮，令人厭煩。

（三）譯成表示“條件”的分句

Men become desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep alive their families.人們極其迫切地要求工作，不管什么工作，只要它能維持一家人的生活就行。

（四）譯成表示“讓步”的分句

He insisted on buying another house, which he had no use for 盡管他并沒(méi)有這樣的需要，他堅(jiān)持要再買(mǎi)一幢房子。

（五）譯成表示“目的”的分句

He wishes to write an article that will attract the public attention to the matter.為了引起公眾對(duì)這一事件的注意，他想寫(xiě)一篇文章。

He is collecting authentic material that proves his argument.為了證明他的論點(diǎn)，他正在收集確鑿的材料以。

（六）譯成表示“結(jié)果”的分句

They tried to stamp out the revolt, which spread all the more furiously throughout the country.他們企圖鎮(zhèn)壓反抗，結(jié)果反抗愈來(lái)愈烈，遍及全國(guó)。

（七）譯成表示“轉(zhuǎn)折”的分句

She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.她對(duì)孩子們很有耐心，而她丈夫卻很少這樣。

考研英語(yǔ)翻譯技巧之被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

一、譯成漢語(yǔ)主動(dòng)句

保存原文主語(yǔ)

The meeting is scheduled for April 6th.會(huì)議定于四月六日舉行。

Water can be changed from a liquid into a solid.水能從液體變成固體。] When rust is formed , a chemical change has taken place.當(dāng)銹形成的時(shí)候，就發(fā)生了化學(xué)變化。主賓顛倒

She was given a new pen by her father.她爸爸送給她一支新鋼筆。

Heat and light can be given off by this chemical change.這種化學(xué)反應(yīng)能放出熱和光。

Only a small portion of solar energy is now being used by us.現(xiàn)在我們只能利用一小部分太陽(yáng)能。Communication satellites have already been used for living transmission in our country.我國(guó)已將通訊衛(wèi)星用于實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播。

The numerical data concerned are provided in the next chapter.下一章提供了有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)資料。增加主語(yǔ)

The issue has not yet been thoroughly explored.人們對(duì)這一問(wèn)題迄今尚未進(jìn)行過(guò)徹底的探索。She was seen to enter the building about the time the crime was committed.有人看見(jiàn)她大致在案發(fā)時(shí)進(jìn)入了那座建筑物。

What we say here will not be long remembered, but what we do here can change the world.我們?cè)谶@里所講的話，人們不會(huì)長(zhǎng)久記住。然而我們?cè)谶@兒所做的事，卻能改變世界。

二、譯成漢語(yǔ)無(wú)主句

Measures have been taken to prevent the epidemic from spreading quickly.已經(jīng)采取了措施來(lái)防止這種流行病迅速蔓延。

Water can be shown as containing impurities.可以證明，水含有雜質(zhì)。

The unpleasant noise must be immediately put an end.必須全部停止這種討厭的噪聲。

三、譯成漢語(yǔ)判斷句

The decision to attack was not taken lightly.進(jìn)攻的決定不是輕易作出的。Printing was introduced into Europe from China.印刷術(shù)是從中國(guó)傳入歐洲的。

The manuscript was sent to the printer in London a few weeks before the French revolution.手稿是在法國(guó)革命前幾周寄往倫敦付印的。

The credit system in America was first adopted by Harvard University in 1872.美國(guó)的學(xué)分制是1872年在哈佛大學(xué)首先實(shí)施的。

四、譯成漢語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句

使用“被、受、遭、讓、給、由、把、得到、受到、加以、得以、為...所、由...來(lái)”等等。The minister was found to have appropriated government money.部長(zhǎng)被發(fā)現(xiàn)挪用公款。He had been fired for refusing to obey orders from the head office.他因拒絕接受總公司的命令而被解雇了。

The schoolboy was knocked down by a minibus when crossing the street.那名男生在穿過(guò)街道時(shí)讓一輛小公共汽車(chē)撞倒了。He was praised by his teacher.他得到了老師的表?yè)P(yáng)。

Problems should be resolved in good time.問(wèn)題應(yīng)及時(shí)加以解決。

For a long period to come, most of China’s elderly will continue to be provided for by their families.在未來(lái)較長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間里，中國(guó)的老年人仍舊要由家庭來(lái)贍養(yǎng)。

五、常用被動(dòng)句型“It+被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)+that”的翻譯

It is considered that bioclimatology is an involved subject.有人認(rèn)為，生物氣候?qū)W是一門(mén)復(fù)雜的學(xué)科。

It is stressed that the field of science may be divided into two major areas: natural science and social science.有人強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)，科學(xué)的范疇可以分成兩個(gè)主要領(lǐng)域：自然科學(xué)和社會(huì)科學(xué)。It should be pointed out that this process is oxidation.應(yīng)該指出，這一過(guò)程就是氧化。下面是一些常用被動(dòng)句型的習(xí)慣譯法： It is hoped that...希望，有人希望 It is assumed that...假設(shè)，假定 It is claimed that...據(jù)說(shuō)，有人主張 It is believed that...有人想信，大家相信 It is reported that...據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)通報(bào) It is considered that...人們認(rèn)為，據(jù)估計(jì) It is said that...據(jù)說(shuō)，有人說(shuō)

It is supposed that...據(jù)推測(cè)，人們猜測(cè) It has been announced that...已經(jīng)宣布 It is asserted that...有人主張

It is rumored that...有人主張 It is rumored that...聽(tīng)說(shuō)，謠傳

It is noticed that...有人指出，人們注意到 It is suggested that...有人建議，建議 It is reputed that...人們認(rèn)為，可以認(rèn)為 It is learned that...據(jù)說(shuō)，據(jù)聞，已經(jīng)查明 It is demonstrated that...據(jù)證實(shí)，已經(jīng)證明 It is estimated that...據(jù)估計(jì)，有人估計(jì) It is estimated that...有人指出，人們指出 It is pointed out that...有人推薦，有人建議 It is proposed that...有人提出 It was told that...有人曾經(jīng)說(shuō)

It was first intended that...最初就有這樣的想法

It will be said that...有人會(huì)說(shuō)

It will be seen from this that...由此可見(jiàn)，因此可知

It was noted above that...前面已經(jīng)指出 It must be admitted that...必須承認(rèn)，老實(shí)說(shuō) It has been illustrated that.據(jù)圖示，據(jù)說(shuō)明 It is stressed that...有人強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō) It is stressed that...有人列舉出了 It can not be denied that...無(wú)可否認(rèn)

It can be said without exaggeration that...可以毫不夸張的說(shuō)

It is sometimes asked that...人們有時(shí)會(huì)問(wèn) It was felt that...有人認(rèn)識(shí)到了

It is universally accepted that人們普遍認(rèn)為 It is unanimously agreed that..大家一致同意 It is alleged that...據(jù)說(shuō) It is calculated that...據(jù)計(jì)算 It has been proved that...已經(jīng)證明 It has been found that...人們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn) It is still to be hoped that...我們?nèi)匀幌Ｍ?It is well-known that..眾所周知，大家都知道 It should be realized that.我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)識(shí)到.考研英語(yǔ)翻譯技巧之狀語(yǔ)從句

一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

在英語(yǔ)中，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞常常有：when（當(dāng)...的時(shí)候），whenever（每當(dāng)...），as（當(dāng)...時(shí)），since（自從...），until（直到...，如果不....），till（直到...），before（在...前），after（在...后），as soon as（一...就），once（一旦...），the moment（一...就），immediately（一...就），the day（在...那天），no sooner...than（一...就），hardly(scarcely)...when（一...就），the instant（一...就），instantly（一...就），directly（一...就），the minute（一...就），the second（一...就），every time（每當(dāng)...），by the time（等到....的時(shí)候）等。

（一）譯成相應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

While she spoke, the tears were running down.她說(shuō)話時(shí)，淚水直流。She came in when I was having supper.我正在吃飯的時(shí)候，她進(jìn)來(lái)了。

As he finished the speech, the audience burst into applause.他結(jié)束講話的時(shí)候，聽(tīng)眾掌聲雷動(dòng)。

（二）譯成“一（剛、每）...就”的結(jié)構(gòu)

I’ll let you know as soon as I have it arranged.我一安排好就通知你。

Directly he uttered these words there was a dead silence.他剛說(shuō)出這些話，大家就沉默下來(lái)。

（二）譯成條件句

Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine.如果機(jī)器發(fā)生故障，就把電門(mén)關(guān)上。

A body at rest will not move till a force is exerted on it.若無(wú)外力的作用，靜止的物體不會(huì)移動(dòng)。

We can't start the job until we have the approval from the authority concerned.如果沒(méi)有有關(guān)當(dāng)局的批準(zhǔn)，我們不能開(kāi)始這項(xiàng)工作。

二、原因狀語(yǔ)從句 英語(yǔ)中，原因狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞常常是：because（因?yàn)椋?，since（既然，由于），as（因?yàn)椋?，now that（既然），seeing that（既然），considering that（考慮到，因?yàn)椋?，in that（在某方面），in view of the fact that（鑒于）。

(一)譯成表示“原因”的分句，放在主句之前翻譯，顯示“前因后果”的關(guān)系。The crops failed because the season was dry.因?yàn)闅夂蚋珊?，作物歉收。We had to put the meeting off, since so many people were absent.由于很多人沒(méi)有來(lái)，會(huì)議只好延期。

(二)有時(shí)候可以用漢語(yǔ)的“之所以...是因?yàn)椤钡慕Y(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)連接。A ga s differs from solid in that it has no definite shape.氣體不同于固體是因?yàn)椋ň驮谟冢┧鼪](méi)有固定的形狀。

He will get promoted, for he has done good work.他將得到提升，因?yàn)樗ぷ鞲傻煤?。Theory is valuable because it can provide a direction for practice.理論之所以有價(jià)值，是因?yàn)樗芙o實(shí)踐指出方向。

（三）not...because的結(jié)構(gòu)

I don’t teach because teaching is easy for me.我之所以教書(shū)并不是因?yàn)榻虝?shū)對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)太容易

三、條件狀語(yǔ)從句

英語(yǔ)中連接條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞常常有：if（如果），unless（除非，如果不），providing that（假如），so long as（只要），on condition that（條件是），suppose that（假如），in case（如果），only if（只要），if only（但愿，要是...就好了）等。

（一）翻譯在主句前面。

It was better in case they were captured.要是把他們捉到了，那就更好了。

If you tell me about it, then I shall be able to decide.假如你把一切都告訴我，那么我就能夠作出決定。

（二）翻譯在主句后面，用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明條件。

You can drive tonight if you are ready.你今晚就可以出車(chē)，如果你愿意的話 No doubt I could earned something if I had really meant to.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，我本來(lái)是可以賺到一點(diǎn)的，如果我真有那樣打算的話。

四、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

英語(yǔ)中，表示讓步關(guān)系的連接詞常常有：though（雖然），although（雖然），even if（即使），as（盡管），while（盡管），whatever（無(wú)論什么），wherever（無(wú)論哪里），whoever（無(wú)論誰(shuí)），however（無(wú)論怎樣），no matter（不論，不管），for all that（盡管），granted that（即使），in spite of that fact that（盡管），despite the fact that（不管）等等。No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I’m wrong.不管我說(shuō)什么，也不管我怎么說(shuō)，他說(shuō)是認(rèn)為我錯(cuò)了。

While we can not see the air, we can feel it.我們雖然看不見(jiàn)空氣，但卻能感覺(jué)到它。

Granted that you don’t like the proposal, you shouldn’t have rejected it without consulting others.即使你不喜歡這個(gè)建議，你也不應(yīng)該沒(méi)有同別人商量就把它否決了。

五、目的狀語(yǔ)從句 在英語(yǔ)中，連接目的狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞常常有：that（為了，以便），so that（為了，以便），lest（以防），in case（以防，以免），for fear that（以防）in order that（為了）等等。

（一）一般翻譯在主句前面。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，這種表示“為了”的目的狀語(yǔ)從句通常放在主句前面翻譯。He pushed open the door gently and stole out of the room for fear that he should awake her.為了不驚醒她，他輕輕推開(kāi)房門(mén)，悄悄地溜了出去。

We should start early so that we might get there before noon.為了正午以前趕到那里，我們很早就動(dòng)身了。

（二）還可以翻譯在主句后面，表示“?。猓┑谩薄ⅰ耙悦狻?、“以便”、“使得”、“生怕”等概念。He emphasized it again and again, lest she should forget.他反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)這一點(diǎn)，免得她忘了。They hid themselves behind some bushed for fear that the enemy should find them.他們躲在樹(shù)叢后面，以防被敵人發(fā)現(xiàn)。

六、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

（一）英語(yǔ)中，連接結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞常常有：so that, so...that, such...that, to such a degree等等，通常可以翻譯為“結(jié)果，如此...以致于...”，可以直接翻譯。He made a wrong decision, so that half of his lifetime was wasted.他做了錯(cuò)誤的決定，結(jié)果浪費(fèi)了自己半生的時(shí)間。The difference is such that all will perceive it.差別這么大，所有的人都看得出來(lái)。（可以省略連接詞而不翻譯）

（二）有時(shí)候，如果在主句中含有“never, never so, not so, not such”等否定詞，“but that和but what”也可以連接結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，構(gòu)成雙重否定。翻譯的時(shí)候，可以翻譯為“沒(méi)有...不”。She never comes but she borrow.她不借東西不來(lái)。（即：他如果不借東西就不來(lái)。）She is not so old but that she can read.他并沒(méi)有老到不能讀書(shū)。

考研英語(yǔ)翻譯技巧之名詞性從句

一、主語(yǔ)從句

（一）以what, whatever, whoever, whether, when, where, how, why等詞引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，在翻譯的時(shí)候，一般可以按照英語(yǔ)原文順序來(lái)翻譯。

What he told me was only half-truth.他告訴我的只是些半真半假的東西而已。Whatever is worth doing should be done well.任何值得做的事情都應(yīng)該做好。Whether he comes or not makes no difference.他來(lái)不來(lái)都沒(méi)有關(guān)系。

When we can begin the expedition is still a question.我們何時(shí)才能開(kāi)始這次考察仍然是懸而未決。How he is going to do it is a mystery.他準(zhǔn)備怎么做這個(gè)事情是個(gè)迷。

（二）用it作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句，可以把主語(yǔ)從句放到漢語(yǔ)句子最前面去翻譯。為了強(qiáng)調(diào)起見(jiàn)，it一般可以譯出來(lái)；如果不需要強(qiáng)調(diào)，it也可以不譯出來(lái)。

It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.他參加不參加會(huì)議沒(méi)有多大關(guān)系。（It沒(méi)有翻譯）

It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.駕駛員在飛機(jī)墜毀之后，竟然還能活著，這看來(lái)是不可想象的。（It翻譯為“這”）有時(shí)候，如果主語(yǔ)從句仍然按照英語(yǔ)原來(lái)的順序翻譯的話，it一般不需要譯出來(lái)。在漢語(yǔ)譯文的開(kāi)始，一般可以用“...的是，...”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)翻譯。

It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪，她竟然沒(méi)有看出自己的缺點(diǎn)。（It不用翻譯，還可以用“奇怪的是...”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)翻譯）

二、賓語(yǔ)從句

（一）用that, what, how, when, which, why, whether, if 等引起的賓語(yǔ)從句，翻譯成漢語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，一般不需要改變它在原句中的順序。

I told him that because of the last condition, I’d have to turn it down.我告訴他，由于那最后一個(gè)條件，我只得謝絕。Can you hear what I say?你聽(tīng)得到我所講的嗎？

I don’t know that he swam across the river.我不知道他游過(guò)了那條河。I don’t know how he swam across the river.我不知道他是怎么游過(guò)那條河的。He has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal.他已經(jīng)通知我他們將在什么時(shí)候談?wù)撐业慕ㄗh。

有時(shí)可加“說(shuō)”字，再接下去翻譯譯英語(yǔ)原文賓語(yǔ)從句的內(nèi)容。Smith replied that he was sorry.斯密斯回答說(shuō)，他感到遺憾。

He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lots of others.他再三提醒大家說(shuō)，決定這件事的不只是他一個(gè)人，還有其他許多人。

（二）用it 作形式賓語(yǔ)的句子，在翻譯的時(shí)候，that所引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句一般可按英語(yǔ)原文順序翻譯；it有時(shí)候可以不用翻譯。

I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o’clock in the morning.我向他們講清楚了的，他們必須在上午十時(shí)前交卷。（it沒(méi)有翻譯）

I heard it said that he had gone abroad.聽(tīng)說(shuō)他已經(jīng)出國(guó)了。（it沒(méi)有翻譯）但有時(shí)候，也可以在譯文中將that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句提前到句子最前面翻譯。I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting.我被選參加會(huì)議，感到光榮。（it沒(méi)有翻譯）

We consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world.打開(kāi)國(guó)門(mén)，實(shí)行開(kāi)放，我們認(rèn)為這是絕對(duì)必要的。（it翻譯為“這”）

三、表語(yǔ)從句

It seems that it is going to snow.看起來(lái)要下雪了。That is why Jack got scolded.這就是杰克受到訓(xùn)斥的原因。

The question remains whether we can win the majority of the people.問(wèn)題是我們能否贏得大多數(shù)人民群眾的支持。

His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him.他對(duì)新聞界的看法是，記者們不是支持他，就是反對(duì)他。

四、同位語(yǔ)從句

能接同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞主要有：belief（相信），fact（事實(shí)），hope（希望），idea（想法，觀點(diǎn)），doubt（懷疑），news（新聞，消息），rumor（傳聞），conclusion（結(jié)論），evidence（證據(jù)），suggestion（建議），problem（問(wèn)題），order（命令），answer（回答），decision（決定），discovery（發(fā)現(xiàn)），explanation（解釋?zhuān)?，information（消息），knowledge（知識(shí)），law（法律），opinion（意見(jiàn)，觀點(diǎn)），truth（真理，事實(shí)），promise（承諾），report（報(bào)告），thought（思想），statement（聲明），rule（規(guī)定），possibility（可能）等。

（一）一般來(lái)說(shuō)，同位語(yǔ)從句可以直接翻譯在主句后面。

He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again.他表示希望再到中國(guó)來(lái)訪問(wèn)。There is a possibility that he is a spy.有可能他是一個(gè)間諜。

（二）有時(shí)候在翻譯同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可以將其放在所修飾的名詞前面，相當(dāng)于前置的修飾語(yǔ)，但不一定使用定語(yǔ)的標(biāo)志詞“的”。這種情況下，同位語(yǔ)從句都是比較簡(jiǎn)單。

We know the fact that bodies possess weight.我們都知道物體具有重量這一事實(shí)。The rumor that he was arrested was unfounded.關(guān)于他被捕的傳聞是沒(méi)有根據(jù)的。

（三）增加“即”（或者“以為”）這樣的詞來(lái)連接，或用冒號(hào)、破折號(hào)直接分開(kāi)主句和同位語(yǔ)從句。But this does not in any way alter the fact that they are now, from a practical point of view, irrational.但這卻絲毫改變不了這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)，即從實(shí)用的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)看，他們今天仍是不合理的。We have reached the conclusion that practice is the criterion for testing truth.我們已經(jīng)得出這樣的結(jié)論：實(shí)踐是檢驗(yàn)真理的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

Not long ago, the scientists made an exciting discovery that this waste material could be turned into plastics.不久前，科學(xué)家們獲得一個(gè)令人振奮的發(fā)現(xiàn)——可以把這種廢物變成塑料。2010考研英語(yǔ)?？荚~語(yǔ)的固定搭配

一、名詞的固定搭配 介詞+名詞形式

第一組 by accident 偶然

on account of 因?yàn)?，由?in addition 另外

in addition to 除……之外(包括)in the air 在流行中，在傳播中

on(the/an)average 第二組

by chance 偶然，碰巧 in charge(of)負(fù)責(zé)，主管(a)round the clock 晝夜不停地 in common 共用，共有，共同 in conclusion 最后，總之 on condition that 在……條件下 第三組 in the course of

在……過(guò)程中，在……期間 of course 當(dāng)然，自然，無(wú)疑

in danger 在危險(xiǎn)中，垂危 out of danger 脫離危險(xiǎn) out of date 過(guò)期(時(shí))的

up to date 時(shí)新的 in debt 欠債 in detail 詳細(xì)地

in confidence 信任 in connection with/to關(guān)于 in consequence 因此，結(jié)果 in consequence of 由于…的緣故 on the contrary 反之，正相反 in contrast with/to 與……成對(duì)照

out of control 失去控制 under control 被控制住 at all costs 不惜任何代價(jià) at the cost of 以……為代價(jià)

平均，一般來(lái)說(shuō) on the basis of 根據(jù)，在……的基礎(chǔ)上 at(the)best 充其量，至多 for the better 好轉(zhuǎn)，改善 on board 在船(車(chē)、飛機(jī))上

out of breath 喘不過(guò)氣來(lái) on business 因公，因事 in any case 無(wú)論如何，總之 in case of 假使，萬(wàn)一

in case 假如，以防(萬(wàn)一)，免得 in no case 決不 in difficulties 處境困難 in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處

off duty 下班 第四組

in the event of 萬(wàn)一，如果發(fā)生 for example 例如

with the exception of除……之外 in the face of 面對(duì)，不顧，即使 in fact 其實(shí)，實(shí)際上 on fire 燒著 第五組

hand in hand 手拉手，攜手 in hand 在掌握中，在控制中 on hand 在手邊，臨近

on(the)one hand...一方面……，on the other hand...另一方面…… at heart 在內(nèi)心；實(shí)質(zhì)上 第六組

at length 終于，最后；詳細(xì)地 in the light of 按照，根據(jù) in line 成一直線，排成一行 in line with 與……一致，按照 at a loss 困惑，不知所措 第七組

in nature 本質(zhì)上 on occasion 有時(shí)，不時(shí) in order 秩序井然，整齊 in order to 以便，為了 in order that 以便

out of order 發(fā)生故障，失調(diào) 第八組

to the point 切中要害，切題 in practice 在實(shí)際中，實(shí)際上 out of practice 久不練習(xí)，荒疏 at present 目前，現(xiàn)在 for the present 目前，暫時(shí) in proportion to(與…)成比例的 第九組

on duty 值班，上班 on earth 究竟，到底 at all events 無(wú)論如何

on foot 步行

in force 有效；實(shí)施中

in favo(u)r of 有利于，贊成支持 in front of 在……面前 in(the)future 今后，將來(lái) on guard 警惕，防范

by heart 牢記，憑記憶 at home

在家，在國(guó)內(nèi)；自在，自如 in honor of 以紀(jì)念，向.表示敬意 on one’s honor 以名譽(yù)擔(dān)保 in a hurry 匆忙地，立即

by all means 無(wú)論如何，必定 by means of 借助于，用 by no means 決不 in memory of 紀(jì)念

at the mercy of 在……支配下

on one’s own 獨(dú)自地，獨(dú)立地 in particular

特別地，尤其，詳細(xì)地 in the past 在過(guò)去，以往 in person 親自 in place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?/p>

in public 公開(kāi)地，當(dāng)眾 for(the)purpose of為了 on purpose 故意，有意 with the purpose of 為了 in question 正在考慮 at random 隨意地，任意地

in any event 無(wú)論如何 in effect 有效；實(shí)際上

in general 通常，大體上 in half 成兩半

at hand 在手邊，在附近from tip to toe 徹頭徹尾，完全 by hand 用手

hand down to 往下傳，傳給(后代)

for instance 例如，舉例說(shuō) at intervals 不時(shí)，時(shí)時(shí) at last 最終，終于 at least 至少，最低限度 in the least 一點(diǎn)，絲毫

by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地 at the moment 現(xiàn)在，此刻 for a moment 片刻，一會(huì)兒 for the moment 現(xiàn)在，暫時(shí) in a moment 立刻，馬上

in place of 代替

in the first place 起初，首先 in the last place 最后 out of place

不得其所的，不適當(dāng)?shù)?on the point 即將……的時(shí)候

at any rate 無(wú)論如何，至少 by reason of 由于 as regards 關(guān)于，至于

with/in regard to 對(duì)于，就…而論 in/with relation to 關(guān)系到 with respect to 關(guān)于 as a result 結(jié)果，因此 as a result of 由于……的結(jié)果 in return 作為報(bào)答，作為回報(bào) on the road 在旅途中 第十組

at first sight 乍一看，初看起來(lái) in sight 被看到，在望

out of sight 看不見(jiàn)，在視野之外in spite of

不管，不顧；盡管，雖然 on the spot 當(dāng)場(chǎng)，在現(xiàn)場(chǎng) in step 同步，合拍 第十一組

at the same time 但是，然而同時(shí)at times 有時(shí)

for the time being 目前，暫時(shí) from time to time 有時(shí)，不時(shí) in no time 立即，馬上 in time 及時(shí)，適時(shí)地 第十二組

by the way 順便提一下，另外 by way of 經(jīng)由，通過(guò)……方式 in a way 在某點(diǎn)，在某種程度上in no way 決不 in the way of 妨礙

in one’s/the way 妨礙，阻礙 第十三組

have/gain access to 可以獲得 take...into account 考慮 gain/have an advantage over 勝過(guò)，優(yōu)于

pay the way for 為……鋪平道路 take advantage of 利用，趁..之機(jī)pay attention to 注意 第十四組

make a/the difference

as a rule 規(guī)章，規(guī)則；通常照例 in the long run 最終，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)觀點(diǎn)看 for the sake of 為了……起見(jiàn)

on sale 出售；賤賣(mài) on a large scale 大規(guī)模地

out of step 步調(diào)不一致，不協(xié)調(diào) in stock 現(xiàn)有，備有 in sum 總而言之

in tears 流著淚，含淚，哭 in terms of

依據(jù)，按照；用……措詞 for one thing 首先，一則

on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) on top of 在……之上 out of touch 失去聯(lián)系

in truth 事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上，的確 on try 試穿

by turns 輪流，交替地

after a while 過(guò)了一會(huì)，不久 for a while 暫時(shí)，一時(shí) on the whole 總的來(lái)說(shuō) in a word 總而言之 in other words 換句話說(shuō)，也就是說(shuō)

do/try one’s best 盡力，努力 get the best of 勝過(guò) make the best of 充分利用，妥善處理 get the better of 打敗，致勝 catch one’s breath 屏息，歇口氣 take care 小心，當(dāng)心

有影響，很重要 on a small scale 小規(guī)模地 in secret 秘密地，私下地 in a sense 從某種意義上說(shuō) in shape 處于良好狀態(tài) on the side 作為兼職，額外

on the second thoughts 經(jīng)重新考慮，一轉(zhuǎn)念 at a time 每次，一次 at no time 從不，決不

at one time 同時(shí)，曾經(jīng)，從前曾in turn 依次，輪流 in vain 徒勞，無(wú)效 a variety of 種種，各種 by virtue of 由于

at work 在工作，忙于 out of work 失業(yè) in the world

到底，究竟動(dòng)詞+名詞形式

take care of 照顧，照料 take a chance 冒險(xiǎn)一試 take charge of 擔(dān)任，負(fù)責(zé) keep company with 與……交往 take delight in 以……為樂(lè) with delight 欣然，樂(lè)意地

carry/bring into effect

使生效，使起作用 put into effect 實(shí)行，生效 come/go into effect 生效，實(shí)施 take effect 生效，起作用 catch one’s eye 引人注目 keep an eye on 留意，照看 第十五組

lose heart 喪失勇氣，失去信心 get/learn by heart 記住，背誦 get hold of 抓住，掌握 keep house 管理家務(wù)，做家務(wù) throw/cast light on 使明白，闡明bear/keep in mind 記住 have in mind 第十六組

make progress 進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展 give rise to 引起，使發(fā)生 make sense 講得通，有意義 catch the sight of 發(fā)現(xiàn)，突然看見(jiàn)(go)on the stage 當(dāng)演員 第十七組 act on 作用

appeal to 呼吁，要求 attempt at 企圖，努力 第十八組 introduce to 介紹

a lot(of)許多(的)，大量(的)lots of 大量，很多 fall in love with 相愛(ài)，愛(ài)上 a matter of(關(guān)于……)的問(wèn)題 a number of 若干，許多 reply to 回答，答復(fù) a series of 一系列，一連串 其他固定搭配

第十九組 trolley bus 無(wú)軌電車(chē) I.D.card 身份證 credit card 信用卡

make faces 做鬼臉 find fault 埋怨，挑剔 catch fire 著火

come/go into force 生效，實(shí)施 make friends 交朋友，友好相處 be friends with 對(duì)……友好，記住，考慮到，想到 make up one’s mind 下決心 come/go into operation 使投入生產(chǎn)，使運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)

put in order 整理，檢修 keep/hold pace with 跟上，與……同步

take one’s time 不急不忙，從容進(jìn)行 keep in touch 保持聯(lián)系 keep track 通曉事態(tài)，注意動(dòng)向 lose track 失去聯(lián)系 make use of 利用

attitude to/towards 態(tài)度，看法 a great/good deal of 大量(的)，許多(的)

no doubt 無(wú)疑，必定 next door 隔壁 out of doors 在戶外

與……交上朋友 make fun of 取笑，嘲弄 keep one’s head 保持鎮(zhèn)靜 lose one’s head 不知所措

play a part 起作用 take place 發(fā)生，進(jìn)行 take the place of 代替 come to the point 說(shuō)到要點(diǎn)，扼要地說(shuō) bring/carry into practice 實(shí)施，實(shí)行

put to use 使用，利用 give way 讓路，讓步 lead the way 帶路，引路 make one’s way 前進(jìn)，進(jìn)行 make way 讓路，開(kāi)路 keep one’s word 遵守諾言

influence on 影響 interference in 干涉

interference with 妨礙，打擾

face to face 面對(duì)面地 as a matter of fact 實(shí)際情況，真相

a few 有些，幾個(gè)

quite a few 還不少，有相當(dāng)數(shù)的 a little 一點(diǎn)，稍微，一些，少許 第二十組

fair play 公平競(jìng)賽；公平對(duì)待 in demand 有需要，銷(xiāo)路好 rest room 廁所，盥洗室 primary school 小學(xué)

side by side 肩并肩，一個(gè)挨一個(gè)

二、動(dòng)詞的固定搭配 動(dòng)詞+介詞形式

第二十一組 account for 說(shuō)明(原因等)aim at 瞄準(zhǔn)，針對(duì) allow for 考慮到 appeal to 呼吁，要求 arrive at 達(dá)成，得出 ask after 詢問(wèn)，問(wèn)候 第二十二組 bring forward 提出

bring out 使出現(xiàn)；公布；出版 bring up 教育，培養(yǎng)，使成長(zhǎng) build up 積累；堵塞；樹(shù)立，逐步建立；增進(jìn)；鍛煉 call for 邀請(qǐng)；要求；需求 call forth 第二十三組 cover up 掩飾，掩蓋 cut across 走捷徑，抄近路 deal with 處理，對(duì)付，安排 do without 沒(méi)有……也行 fill in/out 填充，填寫(xiě) get at 得到，接近；意思是 get into 進(jìn)入，陷入 第二十四組 live on/by

靠……生活，以……為食 live through 度過(guò)，經(jīng)受過(guò) look after 照管，照料

little by little 逐漸地 quite a little 相當(dāng)多，不少 no matter 無(wú)論

heart and soul 全心全意 step by step 逐步 ahead of time 提前 all the time 一直，始終 once upon a time 從前

ask for 請(qǐng)求，要求 attach to 附屬于，隸屬于 begin with 從開(kāi)始 break into 闖入 break off 斷絕，結(jié)束 break through 突破

喚起，引起；振作起，鼓起 call off 放棄，取消 catch at 抓住(東西)

call on/upon 訪問(wèn)；號(hào)召，呼吁 call up 召集，動(dòng)員；打電話 care for 照管；喜歡，意欲 carry off 奪去

go after 追求

go into 進(jìn)入；研究，調(diào)查 go for

竭力想取得；喜愛(ài)；支持，擁護(hù)go through

經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；詳細(xì)檢查 go with 伴隨，與……協(xié)調(diào)

look at 看望，注視 look for 尋找，尋求 look into

調(diào)查，觀察，過(guò)問(wèn)；窺視

the moment(that)一……就 no more 不再

once in a while 偶爾，有時(shí) no wonder 難怪，怪不得 word for word 逐字地 decline with thanks 婉言謝絕

break up

中止，結(jié)束；打碎，折斷 bring about 帶來(lái)，造成 bring down 打倒，挫傷；降低 bring forth 產(chǎn)生，提上

carry on 繼續(xù)下去；從事，經(jīng)營(yíng)carry out 貫徹，執(zhí)行；實(shí)現(xiàn) come to

總計(jì)，達(dá)到；蘇醒，復(fù)原 count on 依靠；期待，指望 count up 把……相加

go without 沒(méi)有……也行 improve on 改進(jìn) keep to 保持，堅(jiān)持 lie in 在于 live up to 不辜負(fù)

look over 檢查，查看，調(diào)查 look through

仔細(xì)查看，瀏覽，溫習(xí)make for 走向，駛向；有助于

occur to 被想到，被想起 play with 以……為消遣，玩弄 refer to 第二十五組

send in 呈報(bào)，遞交，送來(lái) serve as 作為，用作 set aside 挑出，留出；拒絕 sit for 參加

stand by 支持，幫助；袖手旁觀 stand for 代替，代表，意味著

參考，查閱，涉及，提到 run for 競(jìng)選

run into 撞上，偶然碰見(jiàn)

see to 注意，負(fù)責(zé)，照料，修理 send for 派人去請(qǐng)，召喚；索取

stand against 反抗，抵抗 stick to 堅(jiān)持，忠于，信守 take after 與……相像 take for

把……認(rèn)為是，把……看成是 take in 接受，吸收；了解，理解

take to 喜歡，親近touch on 關(guān)系到，涉及 turn into 變成

turn to 變成；求助于，借助于 turn off 關(guān)上；出產(chǎn)；解雇

考研英語(yǔ)固定詞組搭配匯總 a host of /a body of 大量 2 a test for 檢測(cè)目的 3 a test on 對(duì)……進(jìn)行測(cè)試 4 a test with 檢測(cè)手段 5 above all 最重要 6 according to 根據(jù) achieve equilibrium 取得平衡 8 achieve one's purpose 達(dá)到目的 9 achieve success 獲得成功 10 achieve victory 獲得勝利 11 act on 遵照……行動(dòng)，作用于 12 act upon 對(duì)…有影響 13 add up to 總計(jì)，合計(jì) 14 add… to 把…加到… 15 adhere to /stick to 堅(jiān)持，奉行 16 after all 畢竟，均不合題意； 17 agree on 對(duì)……取得一致意見(jiàn) 18 agree to 同意 agree with sb.同意某人的話 20 along with 和┄一道，和┄一起 21 alternate（with）交替 22 amount to 合計(jì)，共計(jì) an equal to 與……相當(dāng)?shù)娜?物，（地位）相同的人 and yet 然而 anything but 一點(diǎn)也不； 26 anything like 像……那樣的東西 anywhere near 接近于 28 apart form 除……之外尚有 29 apply to 向……申請(qǐng)，適用于 30 appreciation of 對(duì)……的欣賞/贊賞 31 argue against 反對(duì)

as a result of 作為……的結(jié)果，由于

as a result（作為結(jié)果，因此）表結(jié)果，用不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)看情況而定；

as a whole 作為一個(gè)整體，整個(gè)看來(lái) 35 as far as …/are concerned 就……而言 36 as for/to 至于，就…方面說(shuō) 37 as if/though 好像，仿佛 38 as soon as 一……就~ 39 as nothing 決不 40 as to 至于，關(guān)于 41 as well 也，一樣 42 as yet 迄今，到目前為止 43 aside from 除┄之外

associate … with…由…聯(lián)想到…，把…聯(lián)系起來(lái) 45 association with 與……的交往 46 at a disadvantage 處于不利地位 47 at a loss over 不知所措 48 at a time 每次，一次 49 at all 絲毫，根本 50 at any moment 即使，隨時(shí) 51 at first 首先，開(kāi)始的時(shí)候 52 at large 未被捕獲的，大多數(shù) 53 at last 終于，最終 54 at least 至少

at length 最終，詳細(xì)地 56 at most 最多

at no time 從不，決不 58 at one time 曾經(jīng)，從前曾

at the cost/expense of 以……為代價(jià) 60 at the least 至少 61 at times 有時(shí)，間或 62 at…speed 以……的速度 63 attend on 照顧，侍候 64 attribute … to 把……歸于 65 back up 后退，支持 66 base on 基于 67 be able to 能夠，勝任 68 be about to 正打算 69 be accustomed to習(xí)慣于

be associated with 與……有關(guān)，與……有關(guān)系 71 be aware of 意識(shí)到 72 be capable of 有能力干 73 be caught in 遇到，陷入

be committed to 被交給┄，答應(yīng)/承擔(dān)……義務(wù) 75 be confined to 限制在，局限于 76 be confined/be restricted 受……限制 77 be dedicated to 奉獻(xiàn)，獻(xiàn)給 78 be devoted to 被用于，貢獻(xiàn)給 79 be directed to 指向，針對(duì) 80 be drawn to 被┄所吸引 81 be due to 由于，因此

be exposed to 暴露在┄下，處在┄的作用之下 83 be fond of 喜愛(ài) 84 be full of 充滿他

be habitual to（him）對(duì)（他來(lái)說(shuō)）習(xí)以為常 86 be in order 合適，恰當(dāng) 87 be involved in 參與，參加 88 be involved with 與……有關(guān)連 89 be left to 由┄來(lái)決定，由┄來(lái)想辦法 90 be limited to 限制在┄，限定在

be linked to/with something 與……連接 92 be proud of 為……而驕傲 93 be referred to 被提及，被提交 94 be related to 與……有關(guān) 95 be sick of 厭惡，討厭 96 be subject to 經(jīng)受，遭受 97 be suitable for 適合于 98 be sure of 對(duì)┄的肯定 99 be thrown in 額外贈(zèng)送 100 be tied by/with 被……捆綁 101 be tied to 束縛于，捆綁于 102 be tired of 厭倦，厭煩 103 behind time 晚點(diǎn)

belief in 對(duì)……的真實(shí)性或正確性具有的信心105 believe(… to be)相信……是 106 better than 好于…… 107 beyond question 毋庸置疑 108 break away 脫離，逃跑 109 break down 損壞，分解，瓦解 110 break into 闖入

break in 強(qiáng)行進(jìn)行，打斷 112 break off 斷絕，結(jié)束 113 break out 突發(fā)，爆發(fā) 114 break through 突破 115 break up 終止，結(jié)束，打碎 116 bring about 產(chǎn)生 117 bring forward 提出。

bring out 使出現(xiàn)；公布；出版 119 bring up 培養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)大；

by accident 偶然，含有不幸的因素 121 by all means 無(wú)論如何，必定 122 by chance 偶然，意外地 123 by choice 處于選擇 124 by contrast 對(duì)比之下

by means of 用，依靠； 借助于 126 by means of 借助于 127 by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地 128 by the way 順便提一下

by virtue of 憑借，借助；因?yàn)?130 by way of 經(jīng)由，通過(guò)…方式 131 call forth 喚起，引起 132 call for 邀請(qǐng)，要求，需要 133 call off 放棄，取消 134 call on/upon 訪問(wèn)，拜訪 135 care for 照顧，關(guān)心 136 carry out 貫徹，執(zhí)行，實(shí)現(xiàn) 137 cast/shed light on 闡明某事 138 catch up with 趕上 139 catch sight of 看見(jiàn)

center on 把……集中在，以……為中心 141 characterized by 以……為特征 142 coincide with 與…相符 143 come from 來(lái)自，來(lái)源于 144 come off 成功

come on 涉及，談及，到達(dá)，結(jié)束，總共，共計(jì)，突然想起

come out 出版，出現(xiàn)，結(jié)局是 147 come to 等于，結(jié)果是； 總計(jì)，達(dá)到 148 come under attack 受到打擊 149 come under 歸人，受到 150 come up 發(fā)生，形成； 151 comment on 評(píng)論，發(fā)表意見(jiàn) 152 commit to 交付，把……投入 153 comply with 遵守，服從 154 conform to 遵守，符合，順應(yīng) 155 consist of 組成

156 consistent in 在（某方面）一致 157 consistent with 與……一致 158 contribute to 有助于，促進(jìn)，加劇 159 copy out 抄寫(xiě)

160 correlate with 找出一一對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)系 161 count on 指望 162 cut away 砍掉 163 cut down 削減 164 cut off 打斷，中斷 165 cut out 刪掉

166 dedicate …to 奉獻(xiàn) 167 depend on 依靠，依賴 168 die back 枯死

169 die down 逐漸消失；止息 170 die off 相繼死去 171 die out 消失；死絕

172 difference in 在……方面的差別 173 do something for/to 改進(jìn)，增強(qiáng) 174 doubt about 懷疑 175 due to 由于，因?yàn)?176 dwell on 利用 177 enter for 報(bào)名參加

178 enter into 開(kāi)始（談話，討論）179 entertain a proposal 愿意考慮這一建議 180 entertain an idea 抱著一種想法 181 even if 甚至，即使

182 even though（雖然，盡管）表讓步 183 ever since（自從┄之后，從此以后）表時(shí)間 184 faithful to 忠心于 185 fall from 從…落下 186 far from 毫不，遠(yuǎn)非 187 favor of 喜歡 188 figure out 計(jì)算出 189 find out 查明

190 focus on 集中于，集中研究 191 followed by 接著是 192 for all 盡管

193 for example 舉例來(lái)說(shuō)

194 for instance 和 such as 都表示舉例，前者常接句子，后者常接名詞或名詞短語(yǔ) 195 for instance 例如

196 for the purpose of 為了┄目的 197 for the sake of 為了……起見(jiàn) 198 frankly speaking 坦白來(lái)說(shuō) 199 freedom from 免于……（的自由）

200 from all appearances 從所能見(jiàn)到和所能知道的

情況判斷

201 from all sides 從四面八方，全面地

202 from now on 從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始

203 from/by all accounts 根據(jù)方面所說(shuō) 204 gather up 拾起，集攏 205 generally speaking一般來(lái)說(shuō) 206 get along with 進(jìn)展，相處融洽 207 get away 逃脫，離開(kāi)

208 get away with 僥幸逃脫，逃脫處罰 209 get down to 開(kāi)始，著手 210 get in 進(jìn)入，收獲，收集 211 give in 妥協(xié)，讓步，投降，屈服 212 give off 放出，釋放 213 give out 分發(fā)，放出 214 give something away 泄露 215 give up 停止，放棄 216 give way 讓路，讓步 217 go beyond 超越，超過(guò) 218 go by 從……旁走過(guò)，順訪

2011備考必知：考研英語(yǔ)翻譯常用多義詞 單詞

熟義

生義 accomplished a.已完成的,實(shí)現(xiàn)的 a.熟練精通的 account n.賬戶

n.報(bào)告，陳述 acknowledge v.(不情愿地)承認(rèn)

v.致謝 answer v.回答

v.負(fù)責(zé)answer for approach v.靠近,接近v.開(kāi)始,著手(工作,任務(wù))(approach their work.開(kāi)始他們的工作)artificial a.人工的,人造的 a.不自然的，不真實(shí)的

assume a.假定,臆測(cè)

a.采取,擔(dān)任(assume many roles 擔(dān)任許多角色)attribute v.把----歸于(to)v.認(rèn)為是。所為 n.品質(zhì),屬性,特征

balance n.平衡

n.差額,余款,結(jié)余 beam n.橫梁，光束 v.發(fā)光，微笑 bearing n.忍耐

n.收獲，成果 betray v.背叛，出賣(mài)

v.流露，暴露 bond n.聯(lián)結(jié)，結(jié)合物

n.公債，債券，契約 breakdown n.破裂

n.分類(lèi)，(精神等)衰竭 fold v.折疊(用于數(shù)詞后的詞綴)倍

219 go for 追求 220 go in 進(jìn)入，參加 221 go through 經(jīng)歷

222 hand on 傳下來(lái)，依次傳遞 223 hand out 分發(fā)，散發(fā) 224 hand over 交出，移交

225 have a bearing on 與……有關(guān)系

226 have difficulty with 與……有分歧，相處不好 227 hold back 躊躇，退縮，阻止 228 hold down 控制

229 hold on to 緊緊抓住，堅(jiān)持 230 hold on 繼續(xù)，握住不放，堅(jiān)持 231 hold out 維持，伸出，提出，堅(jiān)持 232 hold up 保持良好，停止；阻滯 233 hold up 舉起，承載，阻擋 234 if only（要是該多好，）表虛擬 235 in use 在使用

chart n.&v.(制)圖表

v.詳細(xì)計(jì)劃code n.代碼，代號(hào)

n.法典，法規(guī)coherent a.黏著的 a.(討論中)一致的column n.圓柱，柱狀物

n.(報(bào)刊中的)專(zhuān)欄condition n.情況

v.被----制約consideration n.考慮

n.考慮因素cover v.覆蓋

v.給?.保險(xiǎn);采訪discount v.打折 v.漠視,對(duì)?不全信distinct a.不同的 a.清楚的,明白的establish v.建立?機(jī)構(gòu)

v.確認(rèn),證實(shí)establishment n.建立

n.機(jī)構(gòu)evolution n.進(jìn)化

n.緩慢進(jìn)步exploit v.開(kāi)發(fā),剝削

n.功勞,功績(jī)fellowship n.伙伴,友誼

n.獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金figure n.數(shù)字,圖形,圖表,體態(tài),相貌

v.出現(xiàn)(in);推斷(on)(to figure in history 在歷史上留名 They ~d on your arriving.他們預(yù)料你會(huì)來(lái))finance n.財(cái)政,金融

v.為?提供資金flatly ad.水平地,平坦地ad.斷然地,直截了當(dāng)?shù)?He flatly refused to join us)(five-fold 五倍 hundredfold 百倍)

foreign a.外國(guó)的a.無(wú)關(guān)的,不相干的 given a.規(guī)定的,指定的prep.鑒于,考慮到，倘若 gross a.毛，總

a.明顯的 harbor n.海港,港口 v.心懷;給?提供避難處 hint n.暗示,示意

n.(pl)建議,點(diǎn)子 idea n.理論 n.思想，觀點(diǎn) import v.進(jìn)口

n.要旨,含義 inform v.通知,告訴 v.告發(fā),告密(~~ on sb)level a.水平的 v.對(duì)準(zhǔn),指責(zé)(Criticism have been leveled against him.)interpret v.解說(shuō)

v.口譯 mirror n.鏡子

n.反映,反射 oblige v.強(qiáng)迫，強(qiáng)制 v.感激，感謝be obliged to package n.包裹 n.一攬子交易(計(jì)劃等)(package deal 一攬子交易)particular a.個(gè)別的,特定的a.(用于表語(yǔ))過(guò)分講究的,挑剔的

pattern n.樣式,模式

v.仿制,模仿 peculiar a.獨(dú)特的,個(gè)人的 a.怪癖的 platform n.站臺(tái),月臺(tái)

n.黨綱,政綱 practically ad.實(shí)際上

ad.幾乎,差不多 preparation n.準(zhǔn)備,預(yù)備

n.制劑,制備品 promise v.承諾,諾言

n.希望,出息 promising a.有希望的,有前途的 pronounced a.明顯的,顯著的,確切的 provided pp.被提供的 conj.倘若

province n.省

n.領(lǐng)域 provincial a.鄉(xiāng)下的 a.目光狹隘的 provision n.供應(yīng),給養(yǎng)

n.條款,規(guī)定 reach v.抵達(dá)

n.影響范圍 far-reaching的影響深遠(yuǎn)的

reason n.原因

v.推理 reasoning n.推理

reserve n.儲(chǔ)備,保留

n.緘默,謹(jǐn)慎,矜持 routine n.慣例

n.司空見(jiàn)慣的事 royalty n.王族(成員)n.(著作的)版稅 safe a.安全的a.謹(jǐn)慎的 save v.救

prep.除..之外

school n.學(xué)校

n.學(xué)派,流派 second num.第二 v.附和,贊成 sensation n.感覺(jué)，知覺(jué)

n.轟動(dòng)，激動(dòng) side n.側(cè)面，邊

v.偏袒,援助 solid a.固體的a.可靠的，有根據(jù)的，確實(shí)的 some a.一些

ad.大約，稍微(some 10 years ago 大約十年前)(It`s some warmer 今天稍暖和了點(diǎn))

specialty n.特性

n.特產(chǎn),特制品 spell v.拼寫(xiě) v.招致,帶來(lái)

n.符咒(Does laziness always ~~ failure? 懶惰總會(huì)導(dǎo)致失敗嗎?

That view might spell doom for marriage 這種觀念可能會(huì)把婚姻引入絕境)

stomach n.胃 v.忍受，忍耐 How can you stomach their affronts? 你怎么能夠忍受他們的侮辱?

substantially ad.實(shí)際上,實(shí)質(zhì)上

ad.(引申)大幅度地

be subject to a.易于

a.服從 thrust v.刺,攻擊,推

n.要點(diǎn),要旨 The whole thrust of the project was to make money.計(jì)劃的核心在于贏利

retire on 依靠……退休

have…relation…to 與……有關(guān)系 up to 達(dá)到……的規(guī)模

come to the conclusion 形成某種結(jié)論 make of 提出 in detail 詳細(xì)地

not…but結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)譯為“不是……而是……”，但這樣就顯得羅嗦，所以譯為“與……無(wú)關(guān)”，但（另一些有關(guān)）。a amount of指“數(shù)量達(dá)到……”, be related to指“與……有關(guān)”.be so made that 意為如…構(gòu)成，不符合漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣，所以譯為就是如此.in principle 總的說(shuō)來(lái) deal with 應(yīng)付…… all that 這一切包括

overall productivity 綜合生產(chǎn)力水平Joint investment 聯(lián)合投資 Drive 驅(qū)動(dòng)

far too many 太多的（比實(shí)際需要）re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion 以簡(jiǎn)單機(jī)械的方式 chop out 削減

第三篇：考研英語(yǔ)翻譯8月復(fù)習(xí)技巧指導(dǎo)之定語(yǔ)從句

凱程考研輔導(dǎo)班，中國(guó)最強(qiáng)的考研輔導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)，http://004km.cn

考研就找凱程考研，學(xué)生滿意，家長(zhǎng)放心，社會(huì)認(rèn)可！

考研英語(yǔ)翻譯8月復(fù)習(xí)技巧指導(dǎo)之定語(yǔ)

從句

英語(yǔ)和中文語(yǔ)法相通，定語(yǔ)成分是用來(lái)修飾句子中名詞或名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)的。在英語(yǔ)中，定語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)較中文靈活多變，可以是前置定語(yǔ)成分放在被修飾對(duì)象前面，也可以是后置定語(yǔ)放在被修飾對(duì)象后面，還可以是以一個(gè)句子的形式出現(xiàn)，這便形成了考研英語(yǔ)句子中最常見(jiàn)的定語(yǔ)從句。

常見(jiàn)的英文定語(yǔ)成分有以下四種情況，而且定語(yǔ)成分在英文句子中可以出現(xiàn)在任何含有名詞或名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)的前后：形容詞定語(yǔ)、分詞定語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)及不定式定語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句。從性質(zhì)上分析，定語(yǔ)從句無(wú)論長(zhǎng)短僅僅是一個(gè)名詞或名詞結(jié)構(gòu)的修飾成分而已，并且定語(yǔ)從句這一現(xiàn)象在翻譯中的考點(diǎn)較重。定語(yǔ)從句的實(shí)質(zhì)就是放置在被修飾名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))后的名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))的附屬品，因此定語(yǔ)從句可以出現(xiàn)在句子中任何一個(gè)名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))的后面。一般情況，兩種翻譯技巧較為常用：將定于從句按照中文定語(yǔ)原則調(diào)整到被修飾名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))前進(jìn)行翻譯;或是將定語(yǔ)從句和被修飾名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))斷開(kāi)獨(dú)立成句，來(lái)跟進(jìn)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明被修飾名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))。

在考研中，由于所考查的文章多為科技英語(yǔ)范疇，而且翻譯考題中的句式結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜，所含定語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng)或被修飾名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))本身的修飾成分較多且較為復(fù)雜，所以將定語(yǔ)從句斷開(kāi)獨(dú)立成句的方法更加普遍。當(dāng)我們判斷句子中含有定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，四個(gè)相關(guān)的步驟就可以展開(kāi)了：

(1)確定定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ));

(2)確定定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))在定語(yǔ)從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?

(3)獨(dú)立理解完整版本的定語(yǔ)從句;

(4)考慮將定語(yǔ)從句調(diào)整到被修飾名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))前進(jìn)行合并翻譯，或?qū)⒍ㄕZ(yǔ)從句從被修飾名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))前斷開(kāi)獨(dú)立成句，跟進(jìn)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明被修飾的名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))。

如：I like that girl who is standing there.確定定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞：girl;確定定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞在定語(yǔ)從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑篻irl充當(dāng)從句中的主語(yǔ)，也可以理解為who替代前面的名詞girl;獨(dú)立理解完整版本的定語(yǔ)從句：the girl is standing there;考慮將定語(yǔ)從句調(diào)整到被修飾名詞(或)名詞短語(yǔ)前進(jìn)行合并翻譯，或?qū)⒍ㄕZ(yǔ)從句從被修飾名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))前斷開(kāi)獨(dú)立成句，跟進(jìn)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明被修飾的名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))。斷句版本：我喜歡那個(gè)女孩兒，而(她)在那兒站著。合并版本：我喜歡在那兒站著的那個(gè)女孩兒。

1990年考研第62題：Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.整個(gè)句子是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，句子主干的主語(yǔ)是those，后面是一個(gè)由who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，主干的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是believe;that引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)部分是被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。主干those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe中，首先，those是指“一些人”;其次，who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾those，根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯方法，可以把定語(yǔ)從句組合在其先行詞前面。所以，those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe這個(gè)部分可以翻譯成：那凱程考研，考研機(jī)構(gòu)，10年高質(zhì)量輔導(dǎo)，值得信賴！以學(xué)員的前途為已任，為學(xué)員提供高效、專(zhuān)業(yè)的服務(wù)，團(tuán)隊(duì)合作,為學(xué)員服務(wù)，為學(xué)員引路。凱程考研輔導(dǎo)班，中國(guó)最強(qiáng)的考研輔導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)，http://004km.cn

考研就找凱程考研，學(xué)生滿意，家長(zhǎng)放心，社會(huì)認(rèn)可！

些支持“天性”一方的人認(rèn)為......。最后，介詞短語(yǔ)of the conflict翻譯成為“在沖突中”。注意：很多考生可能會(huì)把這個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)翻譯成“沖突的”，如果這樣翻譯的話，與前面那一個(gè)部分組合在一起成為“沖突的“天性”的一方”，這樣翻譯，句子就很不通順，所以可以翻譯成“在沖突中”;并根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣把這個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)放到句子最前面翻譯成為：在這場(chǎng)沖突中，贊成“天性”一方的那些人認(rèn)為......。所以整個(gè)句子可以翻譯成：在這場(chǎng)沖突中，贊成“天性”一方的那些人認(rèn)為，我們的性格特征和行為模式大多是由生物因素所決定的。凱程教育：

凱程考研成立于2005年，國(guó)內(nèi)首家全日制集訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)考研，一直從事高端全日制輔導(dǎo)，由李海洋教授、張?chǎng)谓淌凇⒈R營(yíng)教授、王洋教授、楊武金教授、張釋然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高級(jí)考研教研隊(duì)伍組成，為學(xué)員全程高質(zhì)量授課、答疑、測(cè)試、督導(dǎo)、報(bào)考指導(dǎo)、方法指導(dǎo)、聯(lián)系導(dǎo)師、復(fù)試等全方位的考研服務(wù)。凱程考研的宗旨：讓學(xué)習(xí)成為一種習(xí)慣；

凱程考研的價(jià)值觀口號(hào)：凱旋歸來(lái)，前程萬(wàn)里； 信念：讓每個(gè)學(xué)員都有好最好的歸宿；

使命：完善全新的教育模式，做中國(guó)最專(zhuān)業(yè)的考研輔導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)； 激情：永不言棄，樂(lè)觀向上；

敬業(yè)：以專(zhuān)業(yè)的態(tài)度做非凡的事業(yè)；

服務(wù)：以學(xué)員的前途為已任，為學(xué)員提供高效、專(zhuān)業(yè)的服務(wù)，團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，為學(xué)員服務(wù)，為學(xué)員引路。

如何選擇考研輔導(dǎo)班：

在考研準(zhǔn)備的過(guò)程中，會(huì)遇到不少困難，尤其對(duì)于跨專(zhuān)業(yè)考生的專(zhuān)業(yè)課來(lái)說(shuō)，通過(guò)報(bào)輔導(dǎo)班來(lái)彌補(bǔ)自己復(fù)習(xí)的不足，可以大大提高復(fù)習(xí)效率，節(jié)省復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間，大家可以通過(guò)以下幾個(gè)方面來(lái)考察輔導(dǎo)班，或許能幫你找到適合你的輔導(dǎo)班。

師資力量：師資力量是考察輔導(dǎo)班的首要因素，考生可以針對(duì)輔導(dǎo)名師的輔導(dǎo)年限、輔導(dǎo)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、歷年輔導(dǎo)效果、學(xué)員評(píng)價(jià)等因素進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià)，詢問(wèn)往屆學(xué)長(zhǎng)然后選擇。判斷師資力量關(guān)鍵在于綜合實(shí)力，因?yàn)槿魏我婚T(mén)課程，都不是由

一、兩個(gè)教師包到底的，是一批教師配合的結(jié)果。還要深入了解教師的學(xué)術(shù)背景、資料著述成就、輔導(dǎo)成就等。凱程考研名師云集，李海洋、張?chǎng)谓淌?、方浩教授、盧營(yíng)教授、孫浩教授等一大批名師在凱程授課。而有的機(jī)構(gòu)只是很普通的老師授課，對(duì)知識(shí)點(diǎn)把握和命題方向，欠缺火候。

對(duì)該專(zhuān)業(yè)有輔導(dǎo)歷史：必須對(duì)該專(zhuān)業(yè)深刻理解，才能深入輔導(dǎo)學(xué)員考取該校。在考研輔導(dǎo)班中，從來(lái)見(jiàn)過(guò)如此輝煌的成績(jī)：凱程教育拿下2015五道口金融學(xué)院狀元，考取五道口15人，清華經(jīng)管金融碩士10人，人大金融碩士15個(gè)，中財(cái)和貿(mào)大金融碩士合計(jì)20人，北師大教育學(xué)7人，會(huì)計(jì)碩士保錄班考取30人，翻譯碩士接近20人，中傳狀元王園璐、鄭家威都是來(lái)自凱程，法學(xué)方面，凱程在人大、北大、貿(mào)大、政法、武漢大學(xué)、公安大學(xué)等院校斬獲多個(gè)法學(xué)和法碩狀元，更多專(zhuān)業(yè)成績(jī)請(qǐng)查看凱程網(wǎng)站。在凱程官方網(wǎng)站的光榮榜，成功學(xué)員經(jīng)驗(yàn)談視頻特別多，都是凱程戰(zhàn)績(jī)的最好證明。對(duì)于如此高的成績(jī)，凱程集訓(xùn)營(yíng)班主任邢老師說(shuō)，凱程如此優(yōu)異的成績(jī)，是與我們凱程嚴(yán)格的管理，全方位的輔導(dǎo)是分不開(kāi)的，很多學(xué)生本科都不是名校，某些學(xué)生來(lái)自二本三本甚至不知名的院校，還有很多是工作了多年才回來(lái)考的，大多數(shù)是跨專(zhuān)業(yè)考研，他們的難度大，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈，沒(méi)有嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練和同學(xué)們的刻凱程考研，考研機(jī)構(gòu)，10年高質(zhì)量輔導(dǎo)，值得信賴！以學(xué)員的前途為已任，為學(xué)員提供高效、專(zhuān)業(yè)的服務(wù)，團(tuán)隊(duì)合作,為學(xué)員服務(wù)，為學(xué)員引路。凱程考研輔導(dǎo)班，中國(guó)最強(qiáng)的考研輔導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)，http://004km.cn

考研就找凱程考研，學(xué)生滿意，家長(zhǎng)放心，社會(huì)認(rèn)可！

苦學(xué)習(xí)，是很難達(dá)到優(yōu)異的成績(jī)。最好的辦法是直接和凱程老師詳細(xì)溝通一下就清楚了。

建校歷史：機(jī)構(gòu)成立的歷史也是一個(gè)參考因素，歷史越久，積累的人脈資源更多。例如，凱程教育已經(jīng)成立10年（2005年），一直以來(lái)專(zhuān)注于考研，成功率一直遙遙領(lǐng)先，同學(xué)們有興趣可以聯(lián)系一下他們?cè)诰€老師或者電話。

有沒(méi)有實(shí)體學(xué)校校區(qū)：有些機(jī)構(gòu)比較小，就是一個(gè)在寫(xiě)字樓里上課，自習(xí)，這種環(huán)境是不太好的，一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的機(jī)構(gòu)必須是在教學(xué)環(huán)境，大學(xué)校園這樣環(huán)境。凱程有自己的學(xué)習(xí)校區(qū)，有吃住學(xué)一體化教學(xué)環(huán)境，獨(dú)立衛(wèi)浴、空調(diào)、暖氣齊全，這也是一個(gè)考研機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)力的體現(xiàn)。此外，最好還要看一下他們的營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照。

凱程考研，考研機(jī)構(gòu)，10年高質(zhì)量輔導(dǎo)，值得信賴！以學(xué)員的前途為已任，為學(xué)員提供高效、專(zhuān)業(yè)的服務(wù)，團(tuán)隊(duì)合作,為學(xué)員服務(wù)，為學(xué)員引路。

第四篇：定語(yǔ)從句

2

定語(yǔ)從句

（重慶）24.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members A themB.thatC.whichD.whom

（浙江）13.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform A.itB.thatC.whatD.which（北京）27.Many countries are now setting up national parks________ animals and plants can

be protected.A.when B.which C.whoseD.where

________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why 3（浙江）5.The children, ________ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom 4（新課標(biāo)II）I wouldbe staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which

（江蘇）32.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when

（天津）6.We have launched another man-made is announced in today’s newspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what（四川）9.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______ they live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where

（上海）38.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.what（陜西）16.__is often the case with the children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As 10（山東）35.Finally he reached a lonely island ___ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom11（山東）31.There is no simple answer, _____ is often the case in science.A.asB.thatC.whenD.where12（遼寧）34.He may win the competition, ____________he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which case B.in that caseC.in what caseD.in whose case 13（江西）33.He wrote a letter ______ he explains what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how

（湖南）21.Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which

（福建）27.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ____ lives were affected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which

（安徽）29.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.18.【2012浙江卷】17.Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.A.which B.who C.where D.whom

19.【2012浙江卷】9.We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.A.why B.when C.to whom D.on which

20.【2012江蘇卷】22.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_______ urgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter to survive.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what 21.【2012重慶卷】29.Sales director is a position ______ communication ability is just as important as sales

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where

22.【2012四川卷】13.In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses.A.in whomB.in themC.of whomD.of them

23.【2012陜西卷】14.It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what 24.【2012北京卷】26.When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when25.【2012全國(guó)II】8.That evening, _____ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when

1-5 DBDCB6-10BDAD C11-15 AACB A16-20 DDBBB21-25DCCBB

第五篇：定語(yǔ)從句

高一必修2 Unit1：Cultural relics知識(shí)點(diǎn)及課后測(cè)試（含答案）

一、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：

1.讓學(xué)生在課文中把含有定語(yǔ)從句的句子全部劃出來(lái)，標(biāo)上序號(hào)。

2.提醒學(xué)生從句子的意義和形式方面進(jìn)行對(duì)比，發(fā)現(xiàn)兩種定語(yǔ)從句的不同點(diǎn)。3.同桌之間交換意見(jiàn)，對(duì)兩種定語(yǔ)從句的不同點(diǎn)形成初步印象。

4.教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對(duì)這些結(jié)論進(jìn)行歸納分析，結(jié)合例句梳理兩種定語(yǔ)從句的不同用法。限制性定語(yǔ)從句 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

與主句語(yǔ)意關(guān)系緊湊，定語(yǔ)從句不與主句語(yǔ)意關(guān)系松散，定語(yǔ)從句拿掉其 能刪除 他部分仍可成立 表意

功能 修飾先行詞 修飾先行詞或整個(gè)句子 無(wú)逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi) 有逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi)

使用時(shí)可以用that引導(dǎo) 使用時(shí)不能用that引導(dǎo) 形式 關(guān)系詞做賓語(yǔ)可省 關(guān)系詞做賓語(yǔ)不可省

as, which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句 as和which可代整個(gè)主句，相當(dāng)于and this或and that。As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.as 和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的不同：

(1）as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可置于句首、句中和句尾，而which只能放在句末。As is reported, a foreign delegation will visit the city.（2）as有實(shí)際意義，可翻譯成“正如，正像”而which并無(wú)實(shí)際意義。常見(jiàn)的搭配有： as anybody can see 正如人人都能看到的那樣 as is known to all 眾所周知

as we had expected 正如我們所預(yù)料的那樣 as is often the case 情況常常如此 as is hoped 正如希望的

Food prices finally went down, as people had expected.（3）當(dāng)定于從句是否定句或表示否定時(shí)，只能用which He came here very late, which was unexpected.Mr.Smith usually praises his student Rose in public, which she doesn’t like at all.as 引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句（1）常用于下列句式

such+名詞+as… 像……一樣,像……之類(lèi) the same+名詞+as… 和……同樣的

Such people as were recommended by him were reliable.他所推薦的人是可靠的。I’d like to use the same tool as is used here.我想使用和這里一樣的工具。注意：下面兩句意思的差別

這和我上周讀的那本書(shū)是一樣的。（不是同一本）這就是我上周讀的那本書(shū)。（同一本）

二、課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1.cultural relics 文化遺產(chǎn)

Many unearthed cultural relics were exhibited at the museum.博物館展出了許多出土文物。2.rare and valuable 珍貴稀有 It is rare to find such a genius nowadays.這樣的天才現(xiàn)在很少見(jiàn)。

3.in search of 尋找，尋求 = in search for He's sailed the seven seas in search of adventure.他闖蕩七大洋去歷險(xiǎn).He went to the south in search for a better future.他為了尋找更好的前途到南方去。4.in the fancy style 以別致的風(fēng)格 in … style/ in the style of ……以……風(fēng)格

These clothes are too fancy for me, I prefer plainer ones.這些衣服對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)有些花哨，我還是喜歡素凈些的。5.popular She is popular at school.她在學(xué)校里很受人喜歡。

This dance is popular with young people.這種舞很受青年人喜愛(ài)。

6.…a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country’s best artists about ten years to make.用金銀珠寶裝飾起來(lái)的珍品，一批國(guó)家最優(yōu)秀的藝術(shù)家用了大約十年的時(shí)間才把它完成。

decorate with 以...裝飾

7.be designed for …為……而設(shè)計(jì) by design 故意地

My brother designs to be an engineer.我弟弟立志要當(dāng)工程師。

This room was originally designed to be my study.這間屋子原預(yù)定做我的書(shū)房。

His parents designed him for the army, but he preferred the navy.他父母打算要他當(dāng)陸軍，但是他卻喜歡當(dāng)海軍。8.belong to 屬于

We belong to the same generation.我們屬于同代人。9.in return 作為回報(bào)/報(bào)答/交換

in turn 依次地，輪流的；轉(zhuǎn)而，反過(guò)來(lái)

10.a troop of 一群He is surrounded by a troop of friends.他被一群朋友圍住了。11.become part of… 變成……的一部分 It is part of the way we act.它是我們行為表現(xiàn)的一部分。12.serve as 作為，用作，充當(dāng)，起作用

The room can serve as a study.這間房子可作書(shū)房用。

13.a small reception hall for important visitors 接待重要來(lái)賓的小型會(huì)客室。

14.Later，Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.后來(lái)，葉卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宮殿中。have sth done 請(qǐng)/讓別人做某事，使得，蒙受某種損失 We had the machine repaired.我們請(qǐng)人把機(jī)器修好了。

15.In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted.1770年，這間琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。(I was never allowed to do things the way /that/ in which I wanted.我從來(lái)不允許按照自己的想法去做事情。)16.Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is missing.可悲的是，盡管琥珀屋被認(rèn)為是世界上的一大奇跡之一，可是現(xiàn)在它卻消失了。I am considering going abroad.我正在考慮出國(guó)。I consider it a great honor.我認(rèn)為這是極大的榮幸。

We consider that the driver is not to blame.我們認(rèn)為這不是司機(jī)的過(guò)錯(cuò)。

We consider it(to be)true.=(We consider that it is true.)我們認(rèn)為這是真實(shí)的。a couple of words missing 缺的兩三個(gè)字 There is a page missing.缺少一頁(yè)。

Police are combing the woods for the missing children.警察搜遍樹(shù)林以尋找失蹤的孩子.17.be at war 處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài),交戰(zhàn)

18.remove some furture and small art objects 把一些家具和小件藝術(shù)品搬走 He removed the mud from his shoes.他去掉鞋上的泥。

This old table is a valuable piece of furniture.這張舊桌子是一件很珍貴的家具。19.in less than two days 在不到兩天的時(shí)間里

20.There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for… 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，這些箱子后來(lái)被裝上了運(yùn)往……的火車(chē)。There is no doubt that she will keep her word.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)她會(huì)遵守諾言的.There is no doubt that Taiwan belongs to China.這是毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的,臺(tái)灣屬于中國(guó)。There is no doubt that she is capable of the job.她能勝任這個(gè)工作,這是毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的.21.After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.從那以后，琥珀屋的去處便成了一個(gè)謎。

it remains to be seen 尚待分曉

The fact remains to be proved.事實(shí)尚待證明

remain in呆在家里 remain out呆在外面, 留在戶外 These matters remain in doubt.這些事情仍然值得懷疑

He's determined to remain loyal to the team whatever comes his way.他決心不管發(fā)生什么事都忠于球隊(duì)。

Peter became a judge but John remained a fisherman.彼得當(dāng)了法官，但約翰仍然是個(gè)漁民。22.By studying old photos of the former Amber Room, they have made the new one look like the old one.通過(guò)研究琥珀屋原來(lái)的照片，他們建造的新琥珀屋樣子和舊的看起來(lái)非常像。23.One day he was looking in a second-hand furniture shop when he saw an amazing object among the many different vases and jewels.一天，他正在一家二手家具商店查找，突然他在眾多不同的花瓶和首飾中看見(jiàn)一個(gè)神奇的東西。

24.without doubt 無(wú)疑地，確實(shí)地

He is without doubt the cleverest student I've ever taught.他確實(shí)是我所教過(guò)的學(xué)生中最聰明的.25.the UN peace-keeping force 聯(lián)合國(guó)維和部隊(duì)

26.The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and receiving it.那位老人看見(jiàn)一些德國(guó)人把琥珀屋拆開(kāi)搬走了。take apart 拆卸，拆開(kāi)

Take apart the pieces before putting the toys away.玩具拿開(kāi)前先將它拆成一件件的。

27.In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.在審訊中，法官必須確定哪些目擊者可信哪些不可信。28.rather than勝于，而不是 Tom rather than Jack is to blame.該受責(zé)備的是湯姆，而不是杰克。I prefer to read rather than sit idle.我寧愿讀書(shū)而不愿閑坐著。We aim at quality rather than quantity.我們的目的是重質(zhì)不重量。第4/8頁(yè)

29.by the light of the moom 借助于月光 30.for oneself 親自，獨(dú)自地

One should not live for oneself alone.一個(gè)人不應(yīng)只是為自已活著。

31.To my surprise the entrance to the mine was closed 使我感到驚奇的是礦口被封閉了?！?32.I think highly of those who are searching for the Ambe Room.我認(rèn)為那些在找尋琥珀屋的人們很了不起。

33.Nor do I think they should give it to any government.我也不認(rèn)為他們會(huì)把它交給任何政府。34.do with 處理，忍受，對(duì)付 I can't do with his insolence.我忍受不了他那傲慢無(wú)禮的態(tài)度 What do they do with the coin? 他們是怎樣處理這枚硬幣的? 35.take notes of 記錄，把……記下來(lái)

Please take notes of the important while you read.請(qǐng)邊讀邊把重要的事情記下來(lái)。

36.Read the information that is provided for the visitors.閱讀一下為參觀者提供的信息。They provide us with food.他們供給我們食物。

We provided food for the hungry children.我們?yōu)轲囸I的孩子們提供食物。

It's wise to save some money and provide for the future.“積蓄點(diǎn)錢(qián),為將來(lái)使用作些準(zhǔn)備是明智的?！?He has a wife and seven children to provide for.他需要贍養(yǎng)妻子和七個(gè)孩子。

37.It will not only give you a chance of practising your English but also of developing an interest in local history at the same time.它不僅給你了練習(xí)英語(yǔ)的機(jī)會(huì)而且在同時(shí)也給你了培養(yǎng)對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)貧v史感興趣的機(jī)會(huì)。38.for fun 為了消遣，為了開(kāi)心 He plays violin just for fun.他拉小提琴只是為了自?shī)首詷?lè)。【練習(xí)】 一）填寫(xiě)單詞

1.By definition the capital is the political and c_______ center of a country.2.Though he recovered from his illness, he r__________ weak.3.The house b_________ to the old man was built hundreds of years ago.4.Heavily as it rained, we were still out in s________ of the missing boy.5.The school building was d_________ by a famous professor in Beijing, whose s_________ many people prefer.6.I sent her a bike as his birthday g________, and she gave me an mp3 in r_________.7.She stared at herself in the m________ and lost in thought.8.They are twins.No w________ I can not tell them apart.9.He was c_________ to be honest.In fact, the e_________he gave p______ to be false.10.We mustn't _____ to know what we don't know.Please raise your questions if any.第5/8頁(yè)

二）請(qǐng)根據(jù)中文意思完成下列句子。1.長(zhǎng)城是世界一大奇跡。The Great Wall is one of the _______ in the world.2.請(qǐng)考慮一下我的建議。Please ____________ my suggestion.3．僅幾名士兵沒(méi)有戰(zhàn)死。Only a few soldiers ____________ the battle.4．我偶然在那書(shū)店里見(jiàn)到這本珍貴的書(shū)。

5．他的繪畫(huà)受到世界上一些專(zhuān)家的好評(píng)。Some experts of the world _______ his paintings.6．他給我們?nèi)绱硕嗟膸椭蚁霝樗鲂┦伦鳛閳?bào)答。He has given us so much help that I really wanted to do something _________.7．有很多人出席了這次會(huì)議，其中三分之二都是同一個(gè)學(xué)校的。There are many people present at the meeting, two thirds of whom _________ _______ the same school.8．我們認(rèn)為他說(shuō)的不重要。We ___________ what he said unimportant.9．那些男孩去找吃的東西去了。________ 10． 他是個(gè)對(duì)音樂(lè)有天賦的學(xué)生。三）單項(xiàng)選擇

1.When I left, he _____ me that I should take my recorder to his birthday party.A.remembered B.reminded C.was remained D.asked 2.______ his wife, his daughter also went to see him.A.Besides B.Beside C.Except D.Except for 3.A working party has been set up to ______ this matter.A.look up B.look for C.look into D.look through 4.The had a good preparation for the project, so they had little _____ all the work.A.troubles to finish B.trouble to finish C.difficulty in finishing D.difficulties to finish 5.That dress is such a good _____ that it will be fashionable for years.A.manner B.style C.sort D.model 6.This photo _____ me __________ my childhood.A.reminded;of B.remembered;in C.recalled;in D.remained;into 7.A year later, his friend was appointed as a sales manager, but he _____ a salesman.A.reminded B.still C.worked D.remained 8.Since 1949, the people’s living standard ____ , causing a big ____ in population.A.has been raised;rise B.has been rose;raise C.has raised;rise D.has raised;rose 9.As I felt so much better, my doctor ______ me to take a holiday by the sea.A.suggested B.advised C.considered D.insisted 10.______ decision is made, you must ______.A.Once;carry it out B.when;carry out it C.As soon as;work out it D.After;carry it on 11.I am very grateful for your assistance, and hope that one day I may be albe to do something for you ______.A in turns B.in case C.in return D.in use 12.When you are in ______ about the meaning of the word, you can look it up in a dictionary.第6/8頁(yè)

A.idea B.talk C.wonder D.doubt 13.I’ve ______ invitation, but I don’t think I’ll______ it.A accepted;received B.received;receive C.taken;accept D.received;accept 四）定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng) 1.Do you remember the deer farm we visited two months ago? A.why B.when C.that D.how 2.Anyway, that evening, ______ I’ll tell you more about later, was really terrible.A.when B.where C.that D.which 3.John said he’d been working in the lab for an hour, ______ was true.A.that B.which C.who D.what 4.Anne always spoke highly of her colleagues in the movie, ______, of course, made the others very happy.A.who B.which C.that D.what 5.Chongqing is the city ______ she lived when she was young.A.where B.which C.when D.how 6.Do you know the reasons ______ he came back? A.how B.which C.that D.why 7.The doctor was very impolite to the patient, ______ of course, made things even worse.A.who B.whom C.which D.what 8.He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ______ he was likely to lose control over the plane.A.where B.which C.while D.why 9.I don’t like cars ______ owners park too close to me.A.which B.who C.whose D.of which 10.________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.Which B.That C.As D.Such 11.The weather turned out to be very good, ______ was more than we expected.A.what B.which C.that D.this 12.Charlie Chaplin, ______ childhood was hard, began acting at the age of five.第7/8頁(yè)

A.who B.whom C.whose D.his 13.We are talking about a subject ______ the importance hasn’t been realized.A.which B.that C.of which D.whose 14.The science of medicine, ______ progress has been very rapid, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences.A.which B.that C.in which D.with which Unit1 Cultural relics答案

（一）1.cultural 2.remains 3.belonging 4.search 5.designed, style6.gift, return 7.mirror 8.wonder 9.considered, evidence, proved 10.pretend

（二）1.wonders 2.consider 3.survied 4.rare 5.thought highly of 6.in trturn 7.belong to 8.consider 9.in search of 10.gift

（三）BACCB ADABA CDD 四）

1-5 CDBBA 6-10 DCACC 11-14BCCC