第一篇：【走向高考】2017年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)聚焦 Unit 5 Canada-“The True North”習(xí)題
Unit 5 Canada-“The True North”
Ⅰ.閱讀理解導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào) 01830603
Considering Australia's size and the fact that early settlements were far apart, Australian society is remarkably homogeneous(同種的).Its citizens are fundamentally prosperous and the way of life in the major cities and towns is much the same however many miles divide them.It takes a sharp ear to identify regional accents.However, there is some difference in lifestyle between city settlers and the country people.Almost 90 percent of the population lives in the fast-paced cities along the coast and has little more_than_a_passing_familiarity_with_the_desert.The major cities preserve images of colonial heritage, but the overall impression is modern, with new buildings reflecting the country's youth.In contrast, the rural communities tend to be slow-moving and conservative.For many years, Australia was said to have “ridden on the sheep's back”，a reference to wool being the country's main money earner.However, it is no longer dominant(主宰的).Much of Australia's relatively sound economy is now achieved from natural coal and wheat, and by being the largest diamond producer in the world.Newer industries such as tourism and wine making are also increasingly important.Australians are generally friendly and relaxed, with a modest sense of humor.Yet, contrary to widespread belief, very few Australians have true prisoner origins.Within only one generation of the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788, Australia had become a nation of immigrants.Originally coming almost entirely from the British Isles, today one in three Australians comes from elsewhere.Australia's liberal postwar immigration policies led to a flowing of survivors from war-torn Europe, most notably Greeks, Italians, Poles and Germans.The emphasis has shifted in recent years and today the majority of new immigrants are from Southeast Asia.Today Australia is a “mixture of nations” and although some racism exists, it has generally been a successful experiment and the country is reasonably proud to have one of the most harmonious multicultural communities in the world.文章大意：本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了澳大利亞社會(huì)的各個(gè)方面，經(jīng)濟(jì)，移民，生活等。1．What does the writer mean by saying “has little more than a passing familiarity with the desert” in the second paragraph?
A．The major population has a close relationship with the desert.B．The fast-paced cities are just located by the desert.C．The major population knows little about the desert.D．The major population is familiar with the people living in the desert.答案：C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中第二段的句子Almost 90 percent of the population lives in the fast-paced cities along the coast 和 In contrast, the rural communities tend to be slow-moving and conservative與所給句子中的關(guān)鍵詞little、familiarity、desert可推斷大部分人不了解沙漠。故選C。
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．The pace of life in the city is different from that in the country.B．One third of people living in Australia come from Europe.C．The Australian economy is dependent on sheep exports.D．Most Australians have ancestors who were prisoners.答案：A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的Originally coming almost entirely from the British Isles, today one in three Australians comes from elsewhere排除B；根據(jù)文章第二段的However, it is no longer dominant(主宰的).Much of Australia's relatively sound economy is now achieved from natural coal and wheat, and by being the largest diamond producer in the world排除C；根據(jù)文章第三段的Yet, contrary to widespread belief, very few Australians have true prisoner origin排除D；根據(jù)文中第二段的第二句話Almost 90 percent of the population lives in the fast-paced cities和該段第四句話In contrast, the rural communities tend to be slow-moving and conservative.可知城市生活和鄉(xiāng)村生活是不一樣的。故選A。
3．What used to be Australia's main money earner? A．Wheat.C．Tourism.B．Wool.D．Diamond.答案：B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Wheat小麥；Wool羊毛；Tourism旅游業(yè)；Diamond鉆石。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞 used to be Australia's main money earner找到文中對(duì)應(yīng)句子是文中第二段的句子For many years, Australia was said to have “ridden on the sheep's back”，a reference to wool being the country's main money earner可知羊毛是過(guò)去澳大利亞人主要的經(jīng)濟(jì)來(lái)源。故選B。
4．We can infer from the passage that ________.A．nothing about Australia's colonial part in modern cities can be seen by visitors B．tourism and wine making resulted in fast development in rural communities only C．immigrants from Europe have brought racial problems D．Australia's recent immigration policy encourages immigrants from Southeast Asia 答案：D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句The emphasis has shifted in recent years and today the majority of new immigrants are from Southeast Asia.可知現(xiàn)在的澳大利亞大多是東南亞的移民。故選D。
Ⅱ.完形填空導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào) 01830604
(2015·安徽)In our modern world，when something wears out，we throw it away and buy a new one.The __1__ is that countries around the world have growing mountains of __2__ because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we __3__ a throwaway society? First of all，it is now easier to __4__ an object than to spend time and money to repair it.__5__ modern manufacturing(制造業(yè))and technology，companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.Products are plentiful and __6__.Another cause is our __7__ of disposable(一次性的)products.As __8__ people，we are always looking for __9__ to save time and make our lives easier.Companies __10__ thousands of different kinds of disposable products：paper plates，plastic cups，and cameras，to name a few.Our appetite for new products also __11__ to the problem.We are __12__ buying new things.Advertisements persuade us that __13__ is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.The result is that we __14__ useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world，we can see the __15__ of this throwaway lifestyle.Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.To __16__ the amount of rubbish and to protect the __17__，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.__18__，this is not enough to solve(解決)our problem.Maybe there is another way out.We need to repair our possessions __19__ throwing them away.We also need to rethink our attitudes about __20__.Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.文章大意：文章講述了拋棄型消費(fèi)社會(huì)的表現(xiàn)、成因、危害以及解決措施；旨在呼吁人們轉(zhuǎn)變消費(fèi)觀念，為環(huán)保盡一份自己的力量。1．A.key C．project
B．reason D．problem 答案：D 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了人們把用壞了的東西隨手扔掉，從而導(dǎo)致垃圾堆積成山這一問(wèn)題，文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句中的．..this is not enough to solve(解決)our problem.和倒數(shù)第三段的第一句．..to the problem亦有暗示。故選D項(xiàng)。
2．A.gifts C．debt
B.rubbish D.products 答案：B 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。根據(jù)下文的because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.即人們比過(guò)去扔掉更多的垃圾可知，這里說(shuō)的是“垃圾山”日益壯大，故選B項(xiàng)。
3．A.face C．observe
B.become D.change 答案：B 句意為：我們是怎樣變成一個(gè)拋棄型消費(fèi)社會(huì)的呢？face意為“面對(duì)”；become意為“變成”；observe意為“觀察；遵守”；change意為“改變”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，B項(xiàng)正確。
4．A.hide C．replace
B.control D.withdraw 答案：C 句意為：現(xiàn)在替換一件物品比花時(shí)間和金錢去修理它更容易。hide意為“躲藏；隱藏”；control意為“控制”；replace意為“取代；替代”；withdraw意為“撤退；收回”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，上文提到人們習(xí)慣把用壞了的東西隨手扔掉，即這里是指買新的東西來(lái)替換用壞的東西，故選C項(xiàng)。
5．A.Thanks to C．Except for
B.As to
D.Regardless of 答案：A 句意為：由于現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)和技術(shù)的發(fā)展，公司能夠快速而廉價(jià)地生產(chǎn)出產(chǎn)品。thanks to意為“幸虧；由于”；as to意為“關(guān)于；至于”；except for意為“除了??以外”；regardless of意為“不管；不顧”。根據(jù)前后邏輯關(guān)系可知，“現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)和技術(shù)”與“公司能夠快速而廉價(jià)地生產(chǎn)出產(chǎn)品”之間是因果關(guān)系，因此A項(xiàng)正確。
6．A.safe C．cheap
B.funny D.powerful 答案：C 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。根據(jù)上文．..companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.可知，產(chǎn)品豐富又便宜。故選C項(xiàng)。
7．A.love C．prevention
B.lack D.division 答案：A 根據(jù)下文人們總是想方設(shè)法去節(jié)約時(shí)間、讓生活更輕松以及許多公司生產(chǎn)了大量一次性產(chǎn)品可知，我們喜歡用一次性產(chǎn)品，故選A項(xiàng)。lack意為“缺少；缺乏”；prevention意為“預(yù)防；阻止”；division意為“分開；除法”。
8．A.sensitive C．brave
B.kind D.busy 答案：D 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。由下文的to save time可知人們很“忙碌”，故選D項(xiàng)。sensitive意為“敏感的；靈敏的”；kind意為“善良的”；brave意為“勇敢的”。
9．A.ways C．jobs
B.places D.friends 答案：A 句意為：作為忙碌的人們，我們總是在想方設(shè)法來(lái)節(jié)省時(shí)間、讓生活更輕松。上文說(shuō)人們喜歡使用一次性產(chǎn)品就是他們?yōu)楣?jié)省時(shí)間所尋找的“方法”。故選A項(xiàng)。
10．A.donate C．produce
B.receive D.preserve 答案：C 句意為：公司生產(chǎn)出成千上萬(wàn)種不同的一次性產(chǎn)品。donate意為“捐贈(zèng)；捐獻(xiàn)”；receive意為“收到；接收”；produce意為“生產(chǎn)；創(chuàng)作”；preserve意為“保存；保護(hù)”。由語(yǔ)境可知，公司為喜歡用一次性產(chǎn)品的消費(fèi)人群“生產(chǎn)”出多種一次性產(chǎn)品，故選C項(xiàng)。
11．A.adapts C．responds
B.returns D.contributes 答案：D 句意為：我們對(duì)新產(chǎn)品的嗜好也促成了這一問(wèn)題的產(chǎn)生。adapt to意為“適應(yīng)”；return to意為“返回”；respond to意為“對(duì)??作出回應(yīng)”；contribute to意為“促成；有助于”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，人們對(duì)新產(chǎn)品的嗜好，即喜新厭舊的態(tài)度，對(duì)隨手丟棄的問(wèn)題起到火上澆油的作用。故選D項(xiàng)。
12．A.tired of C．worried about
B.addicted to D.ashamed for 答案：B 句意為：我們對(duì)購(gòu)買新產(chǎn)品上了癮。be tired of意為“對(duì)??厭倦，厭煩”；be addicted to意為“沉溺于；對(duì)??上癮”；be worried about意為“為??擔(dān)心”；be ashamed for意為“對(duì)??感到慚愧(羞愧)”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知我們買新產(chǎn)品上癮，故答案為B項(xiàng)。
13．A.newer C．higher
B.stronger D.larger 答案：A 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。句意為：廣告勸說(shuō)我們更新的產(chǎn)品會(huì)更好，而且使用了最新的產(chǎn)品，我們也會(huì)更開心。根據(jù)下文的．..we will be happier with the latest products.可知答案應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。14．A.pick up C．hold onto
B.pay for D.throw away 答案：D 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。句意為：結(jié)果，我們?nèi)拥袅擞杏玫臇|西以便為新買的東西騰出地方。pick up意為“拾起，撿起；獲得”；pay for意為“為??而付報(bào)酬”；hold onto意為“緊緊抓??；抓住不放”；throw away意為“扔掉”。根據(jù)下文to make room for new ones可知應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。
15．A.advantages C.functions
B.purposes D.consequences 答案：D 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。句意為：在世界各地，我們都可以看到這種拋棄型生活方式所產(chǎn)生的后果。advantage意為“優(yōu)勢(shì)；有利條件；利益”；purpose意為“目的”；function意為“功能；作用”；consequence意為“結(jié)果；后果”。根據(jù)下文的Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.可知，垃圾山越來(lái)越大就是這種拋棄型生活方式帶來(lái)的后果。D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。
16．A.show C．decrease
B.record D.measure 答案：C 句意為：為了減少垃圾數(shù)量，保護(hù)環(huán)境，越來(lái)越多的政府要求人們回收利用材料。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知政府要求人們回收利用舊物質(zhì)材料的目的是為了“減少”垃圾的數(shù)量。故選C項(xiàng)。
17．A.technology C.consumers
B.environment D.brands 答案：B 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和生活常識(shí)可知，減少垃圾數(shù)量，回收利用舊物質(zhì)材料都是為了保護(hù)“環(huán)境”。故選B項(xiàng)。
18．A.However C.Therefore
B．Otherwise D．Meanwhile 答案：A 句意為：可是，這不足以能夠解決我們所面臨的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)上下文邏輯關(guān)系，設(shè)空前后兩句之間有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。however意為“然而；可是”，符合語(yǔ)境。otherwise意為“否則”；therefore意為“因此”；meanwhile意為“同時(shí)；其間”。
19．A.by C.after
B.in favour of D.instead of 答案：D 句意為：我們需要修理我們的東西而不是把它們?nèi)拥?。根?jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者對(duì)于亂扔?xùn)|西是不贊成的，建議人們應(yīng)該盡可能去修理它們。instead of在此意為“而不是”，符合語(yǔ)境。in favor of意為“支持；贊成”，與作者的意圖相去甚遠(yuǎn)。
20．A.spending C．repairing
B.collecting D.advertising 答案：A 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。句意為：我們也需要重新思考我們的消費(fèi)觀。根據(jù)下文的．..and changing our spending habits可知，A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，spending意為“花錢；消費(fèi)”。
Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào) 01830605
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
(2015·吉林省吉林市第三次調(diào)測(cè))People can often see a talking parrot on a TV show, in a movie, or even in someone's home.The parrot has learned __1__(copy)sounds that people make.Dolphins, bats, and some apes also copy sounds.Now we can add elephants __2__ this list of copycats(盲目的模仿者)．
Dr.Joyce Poole is a zoologist, __3__ studies the sounds of elephants.While she was in Kenya, she would hear strange noises __4__(make)by Mlaika after sunset.Mlaika was __5__ 8-year-old African elephant __6__ it lived near a highway.Dr.Poole says that she couldn't tell the difference between Mlaika's call and the __7__(distance)truck noise.Why did __8__ copy the sounds of the trucks driving by? Animals that are able to copy sounds may enjoy __9__(practice)new sounds.When they are kept outside of their natural environment, they may copy unusual sounds.So far Dr.Poole __10__(spend)18 years with two female Asian elephants.Asian elephants make sounds like birds to talk with one another.Parrots, dolphins, humans, and elephants show that being a copycat is one way that animals and people make new friends and keep old ones.1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 文章大意：文章主要介紹了動(dòng)物比如鸚鵡、海豚、大象等都具有和人一樣的模仿功能。1．命題立意：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
答案： to copy 根據(jù)learn后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)，故填to copy。2．命題立意：考查固定詞組。
答案：to 根據(jù)add sth.to sth.把??加到??。故填to。3．命題立意：考查定語(yǔ)從句。
答案： who 根據(jù)先行詞是zoologist，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，故填who不填that。
4．命題立意：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
答案：made 根據(jù)strange noises是make的動(dòng)作承受者，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填made。
5．命題立意：考查冠詞用法。答案：an 8-year-old African elephant的首字母的發(fā)音是/ei/，元音音素應(yīng)用an，故填an。
6．命題立意：考查連詞用法。
答案： and 根據(jù)空前后分句之間的并列關(guān)系判斷。故填and。7．命題立意：考查形容詞用法。
答案： distant 根據(jù)空后是truck noise是名詞，應(yīng)用形容詞修飾，故填distant。8．命題立意：考查代詞用法。
答案： it 根據(jù)前文判斷，可知填it指代這頭大象。9．命題立意：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法。
答案：practising/practicing 根據(jù)前文的enjoy后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)判斷填practising/practicing。
10．命題立意：考查時(shí)態(tài)。
答案：has spent 根據(jù)空前的so far判斷應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，填has spent。
第二篇：2017年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit 1 Great scientists習(xí)題
Unit 1 Great scientists
【熱點(diǎn)話題】
Daily routines(日常活動(dòng))分擔(dān)家務(wù) 體裁：記敘文
寫作思路：引出話題——具體事例——感悟
【美文誦讀】
I'm an 18-year-old middle school student.I have always been too busy with my study to
help
my
parents
at home.Not_until_recently_do_I_begin_to_think_about_what_I_should_do_for_my_parents．
Last Sunday，when
my
parents
were
②①
not at home，it_occurred_to_me_that_I_could_clean_the_whole_house.At first，I swept and mopped the floor.Then I put the things in place such as books, newspapers and other things scattered in the room.I_was_wiping_the_door_when_my_parents_came_back．They were only too surprised to see what I was doing.I could see tears in my mother's eyes.At that moment, I knew it_was_time_that_I_shared_my_load_for_the_family._Tired_though _I_was，I never realized what use I can be of to my parents until that moment.【學(xué)海拾貝】
按要求完成或翻譯下列句子。1．直到他摘下墨鏡，我才認(rèn)出他來(lái)。
Not until he took off his dark glasses did_I_recognize him.2．我突然想起我還有一些作業(yè)要做。(It occurred/occurs to sb.that...)It_occurred_to_me_that_I_had_some_homework_to_finish． ⑤
④
③3．我正在看《中國(guó)好聲音》這時(shí)有人敲門。(be doing...when...)I was_enjoying the Voice of China when_there_was_a_knock_at _the_door．
4．該是我們睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候了。(It is time that...)It_was_high_time_that_we_went_to_bed． 5．盡管他很年輕，但是他知道很多。(倒裝)Young_as_he_is，he knows a lot.Ⅰ.按要求寫出下列單詞
1．特征，特性n.characteristic 2．建設(shè)，結(jié)構(gòu)，建筑物n.construction 3．過(guò)失；譴責(zé)n.& v.blame 4．積極的，肯定的，確實(shí)的adj.positive 5．小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的adj.cautious 6．圖表 n.chart 7．醫(yī)生，內(nèi)科醫(yī)生 n.physician 8．挑戰(zhàn)，向??挑戰(zhàn) n．& v.challenge 9．受害者 n.victim 10．預(yù)見(jiàn)，預(yù)知 v.foresee 11．結(jié)論，結(jié)束 n．conclusion 結(jié)論，推斷出v.conclude 12．污染 v.pollute 污染 n.pollution 被污染的adj.polluted 13．貢獻(xiàn)，捐助v.contribute 2 貢獻(xiàn)，奉獻(xiàn)n.contribution 14．科學(xué)的adj.scientific 科學(xué)；理科n.science 科學(xué)家n.scientist 15．宣布，通告v.announce 宣布，通告，公告n.announcement 播音員，報(bào)幕員n.announcer
用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1．It_was_concluded that he didn't tell us the truth.I came to the_conclusion that he was lying.(conclude)2．It is universally agreed that universe is endless.(universe)3．This work has_absorbed him for several years.He seemed totally_absorbed in his work.(absorb)4．The writer personally_contributed￡5，000 to the earthquake fund.All the contributions will be gratefully received.(contribute)5．The famous scientist devoted himself to scientific research and made a great contribution to science．(scientific)Ⅱ.翻譯下列短語(yǔ)
1．提出(建議等)put_forward 2．得出結(jié)論draw_a_conclusion 3．有意義；講得通make_sense 4．對(duì)??嚴(yán)格的(be)_strict_with 5．除了??之外apart_from 6．對(duì)??好奇be_curious_about 7．調(diào)查look_into 8．因某事責(zé)備某人blame_sb.for_sth.9．專心于be_absorbed_in 10．對(duì)??熱情be_enthusiastic_about
Black was a policeman who(1)was_strict_with his work.Several months ago，he had a chance to read the police files and thus he found the conclusion about a murder case didn't(2)make_sense．He(3)put_forward a suggestion that the police should(4)look_into the case again though it had happened 10 years before.Black，together with his colleagues，(5)were_absorbed in the investigation and finally they(6)drew_a_conclusion that it was wrong to sentence Tackson to death.Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)句型
1．Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.(p.2)人們不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。
neither...nor...“既不??也不??”，連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)和靠近它的主語(yǔ)一致，即就近原則。
Neither she nor I am going to have a picnic this weekend.她和我都不打算本周末去野餐。
——————————————————————— [模仿造句] 用上述句型完成下列句子。
昨晚王老師和他的學(xué)生們都沒(méi)有看足球賽。
Neither_Mr.Wang_nor_his_students_watched_the_football_match_last_night.2．So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(p.2)每次瘟疫爆發(fā)，數(shù)以千計(jì)的人們?cè)诳謶种兴廊ァ?/p>
every time...在此句中相當(dāng)于一個(gè)從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。說(shuō)明：除every time外，以下短語(yǔ)也可用作連詞： each time 每一次，any time 任何時(shí)候，next time 下一次，the first time 第一次，the last time 最后一次。
(1)It was Mr.Ma who would come to help me every time I was in trouble.每次我陷入困境時(shí)，都是馬先生來(lái)幫助我。
(2)The first time I went to see him，he was absorbed in reading in the classroom.我第一次去找他時(shí)，他在教室里潛心看書?！?[模仿造句] 用上述句型完成下列句子。
(1)每次我去找她，她都在專心看書。
Every_time I went to see her，she was_absorbed_in reading.(2)每次我看到這張老照片，我都會(huì)想起小學(xué)時(shí)的同桌。Every_time_I_see_the_old_photo，I_will_think_of_my_ deskmate_in_the_primary_school.用上述句型翻譯下列小片段。
每當(dāng)我們討論發(fā)展城市的計(jì)劃時(shí)，經(jīng)理和總裁既不提出任何建議，也不對(duì)別人的建議提任何意見(jiàn)，似乎對(duì)這件事沒(méi)什么興趣。
Every_time_we_discussed_the_plans_to_develop_our_city_neither_the_manger_nor_the_president_put_forward_any_suggestions，nor_did_they_make_any_comment_on_others'_ideas.It_seemed_that_they_were_not_enthusiastic_about_it_at_all.閱讀理解解題技巧
推理判斷（5）
文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)
文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)就是指文章的文脈，即句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系。另外，我們將主題的展開方式題也歸在這一類，常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式有：
How is the passage mainly developed? The passage is developed mainly by________． How is the text organized? Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? 解答此類題，仍采用略讀法，重點(diǎn)閱讀首尾段以及中間各段的首尾句，根據(jù)各段主旨及各段內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)進(jìn)行判斷。另外，需掌握以下文體結(jié)構(gòu)和說(shuō)明方式的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)：
1．議論文的基本結(jié)構(gòu)有“論點(diǎn)(總)—論據(jù)(分：可以有兩個(gè)或多個(gè)論據(jù))—結(jié)論(總)”或“總—分”或“分—總”三類。
2．一個(gè)段落一般由表達(dá)核心思想的主題句(topic sentence)、圍繞主題句而展開的支撐句子(supporting sentences)和結(jié)論句(concluding sentence)組成。
3．說(shuō)明文中常用的說(shuō)明方式主要有：時(shí)間順序(order of time)、空間順序(order of space)、邏輯順序(如：原因與結(jié)果、現(xiàn)象與本質(zhì)等)、舉例子(providing examples)、作比較(making comparisons)、分析原因(analyzing)、作詮釋(giving explanations)、分類別、列數(shù)字、打比方、下定義、列圖表、作引用、作假設(shè)、對(duì)比說(shuō)明相異、類比說(shuō)明相似等。
閱讀下列短文節(jié)選，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
1．In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget.But none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant.The work was hard;the pay was poor;and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible.First of all, the job made huge demands on my strength.For ten hours a night, I took boxes that rolled down a metal track and piled them onto a truck.I would not have minded the difficulty of the work so much if the pay had not been so poor.I was paid the lowest wage of that time—two dollars an hour.But even more than the low pay, what made me unhappy was the working conditions.During work I was limited to two ten-minute breaks and an unpaid half hour for lunch.I stayed on the job for five months, all the while hating the difficulty of the work, the poor money, and the conditions under which I worked.By the time I left, I was determined never to go back there again.How is the text organized? A．Topic—Argument—Explanation B．Opinion—Discussion—Description C．Main idea—Comparison—Supporting examples D．Introduction—Supporting examples—Conclusion 解析：本文作者在第一段首先講述曾做過(guò)多種工作，但這些工作都不像作者在蘋果工廠的工作那樣可怕，這項(xiàng)工作辛苦、工資低和工作條件差，由此引出在該廠的工作經(jīng)歷(introduction)；中間三段分別描述在該廠工作是如何的辛苦、工作條件是何等的差(supporting examples)；最后一段得出“再也不愿意做”的結(jié)論(conclusion)。
答案：D 2．Unfortunately, not all of Mom's advice passed the test of medical studies.For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating.But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so.Do sweets cause tooth problems? Well，yes and no.Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.The author develops the paragraph mainly_______________.A．by cause and effect B．by order in space C．by order in time D．by examples 解析：本篇作者首先提出觀點(diǎn)“不幸的是，母親的忠告并不都是經(jīng)得起醫(yī)學(xué)研究的檢驗(yàn)的”。接著用for example引出，舉了“在吃飯后一個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)不要游泳”“糖果會(huì)引起牙病”兩條忠告與研究結(jié)果不完全相符的事實(shí)來(lái)證明作者的觀點(diǎn)。本題的展開方式是舉例。
答案：D 3.Armstrong showed a great talent for music when he was taught to play the cornet(短號(hào))at a boy's home.In his late teens, Armstrong began to live the life of a musician.He played in parades, clubs，and on the steamboats that traveled on the Mississippi River.At that time, New Orleans was famous for the new music of jazz and was home to many great musicians.Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal.This paragraph is developed________． A．by space
B．by examples C．by time D．by comparison 解析：瀏覽全文，本文顯然是按Armstrong的成長(zhǎng)歷程來(lái)寫的，即按時(shí)間順序來(lái)寫的。答案：C
第一節(jié) 閱讀理解
閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Since birth, Joy and Miriam were left at the gate of an orphanage(孤兒院).For the disabled sisters, who both have spina bifida(脊柱裂), it may have seemed that all hopes were lost at that time.But after being adopted by a British couple, they have become two of the country's most promising wheelchair basketball stars.In 2005, the Haizes adopted them.Then，they moved to the UK when Joy was six and Miriam was seven.The girls discovered the wheelchair basketball through a chance conversation，which Mr.Haize had with a friend in 2011.They hadn't known wheelchair sports before, but Joy was hooked from the beginning.While Miriam loved the sport, it took her a little longer to become a serious athlete.“I used to have really low selfrespect，”she said.“It's only when Joy got into the Under 25s European Championships in 2013 that I started to take basketball seriously.It gave me a path to follow.”Miriam was then chosen to play at both regional trials and the Sainsbury's School Games in 2014.Of course，she earned herself a place at the famous GB Futures training camp.“GB Futures helped me a lot.It helped me take basketball to another level and learn more about the game and its history.It also helped me be more independent，”said Miriam.Meanwhile, Joy is currently the youngest player on the GB women's team—but she is making her mark on the international stage, having represented Great Britain in tournaments(錦標(biāo)賽)all over the world.The teenagers are now eager to encourage others to explore the world of wheelchair sports.“You should have confidence in yourself.That's the one thing to help you succeed.Having setbacks helped me grow into a person and player.No matter what people said to us, we just tried our best，”said the girls.1.What happened to Joy and Miriam when they were born? A.They were adopted by a British couple.B.They were abandoned to an orphanage.C.They moved to the UK with their parents.D.They lived with parents in an orphanage.2.The sisters first got to know the wheelchair basketball________.A.from GB Futures training camp B.from their P．E.teacher by chance C.from a conversation in a TV program D.from a talk between their father and his friend 3．It can be inferred from the passage that________． A．the Haizes aimed to train Joy to become the world champion B．Joy set a good example to Miriam in the wheelchair basketball C．it took Joy a long time to take the wheelchair basketball seriously D．Miriam is the youngest player on the women's basketball team 4．What suggestion did the disabled sisters give to others? A．Put your heart into work!B．A good beginning is half done!C．All roads lead to Rome.D．Believe in yourself!語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要講述了一對(duì)輪椅籃球姐妹花的奮斗故事。
1．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段的“Since birth，Joy and Miriam were left at the gate of an orphanage”可知，患有脊柱裂的姐妹Joy and Miriam一出生就被遺棄在了孤兒院門口。
答案：B 2．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段的“The girls discovered the wheelchair basketball through a chance conversation，which Mr.Haize had with a friend in 2011.”可知D項(xiàng)正確。
答案：D
3．解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段前半部分內(nèi)容可知，Joy一開始就很熱愛(ài)輪椅籃球，并取得了很好的成績(jī)(Joy got into the Under 25s European Championships in 2013)，正是Joy的好成績(jī)激勵(lì)了Miriam。所以正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。
答案：B 4．解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Joy和Mirian姐妹的話可知，她們鼓勵(lì)“年輕人一定要自信”。
答案：D 第二節(jié) 完形填空
閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從1～20題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
When our restaurant business failed，we headed north in a camping truck to Texas，hoping to have a “fresh start”．
At the____1____of Palo Duro Canyon(峽谷)State Park，I ____2____ a job advertisement hiring park hosts.The position offered a____3____，permanent campsite in the park，and____4____，the hosts served as a link between the park's guests and the rangers(護(hù)林人)．It was the perfect solution: a rent-free place to reorganize our lives.We entered the park and I made an ____5____for the following day.The park was____6____，so it took us some time to find an available site.That evening，as we finished our dinner，my wife saw two large skunks(臭鼬)walking toward our table.We____7____climbed onto the table and，for the next four hours，waited for them to____8____our camp.Having survived that night，we were____9____that everything else would be all right.The next day we met with the people who ran the park.They explained our____10____and gave us a beautiful campsite.That evening，____11____，we learned about the canyon____12____．They were strong and cold, rocking our little camping truck violently，and we lay____13____in the dark until the winds died away.14____the weeks that followed，we learned to survive in our truck and____15____the little money my wife____16____by substitute teaching.Building a successful business and then losing it had left very little time for building a successful ____17____．For a time after our business____18____I thought I might lose my family as well.living in the tiny____19____with no television, we sat close together reading and talking.One evening，standing under a jeweled sky，I found myself____20____for all the hardships.We had walked the trails and climbed the canyon walls.We had become a family!1．A.back
B．entrance C.centre D．edge 2．A.sponsored B．published C．noticed D．a(chǎn)nswered 3．A.free B．safe C．convenient D．beautiful 4．A.in return B．in time C．in short D．in turn 5．A.attempt B．a(chǎn)greement C．a(chǎn)ppeal D．a(chǎn)ppointment 6．A.ideal B．dangerous C．crowded D．quiet 7．A.repeatedly B．eventually C．immediately D．calmly 8．A.attack B．pass C．leave D．search 9．A.satisfied B．confident C．determined D．a(chǎn)ware 10．A.responsibilities B．requirements C．circumstances D．conditions 11．A.moreover B．therefore C．meanwhile D．however 12．A.winds B．snows C．woods D．trails 13．A.aching B．quarreling C．mourning D．shaking 14．A.After B．Between C．During D．Beyond 15．A.give away B．hand out C．live on D．put aside 16．A.borrowed B．posted C．earned D．raised 17．A.business B．family C．career D．image 18．A.started B．failed C．expanded D．declined 19．A.camp B．park C．house D．truck 20．A.desperate B．ready C．suitable D.thankful 語(yǔ)篇解讀：：本文體栽為記敘文。題材為個(gè)人經(jīng)歷。文章講述了作者生意失敗后，舉家去得克薩斯州開始新的生活。在應(yīng)聘“park host”一職后，一家人雖然生活比較艱難，但家人之間的關(guān)系更加密切。
1．解析：根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，“我”應(yīng)該在公園的入口處看到招聘信息，at the entrance of意為“在??入口”。
答案：B 2．解析：sponsor“贊助，倡議”；publish“出版，發(fā)行”；notice“注意到”；answer“回 答”；選C表示“我”注意到了這則廣告。
答案：C 3．解析：根據(jù)下文“a rent-free place to reorganize our lives”可知，這個(gè)職位提供了一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期免費(fèi)的營(yíng)地。free在此處意為“免費(fèi)的”。
答案：A 4．解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，對(duì)方給我們提供了免費(fèi)的營(yíng)地，作為回報(bào)，“我”要充當(dāng)旅客和護(hù)林人之間聯(lián)系的紐帶。
答案：A 5．解析：根據(jù)下文“The next day we met with the people who ran the park.”可知，“我”和管理公園的負(fù)責(zé)人見(jiàn)了面，而在見(jiàn)面之前應(yīng)是先預(yù)約。make an appointment意為“預(yù)約”。
答案：D 6．解析：根據(jù)下文“it took us some time to find an available site”可知，公園里的人很多，crowded意為“人多的，擁擠的”。
答案：C
7．解析：根據(jù)上下文句意可推斷，我們?yōu)榱硕惚艹赭⒖膛赖阶雷由厦嫒?，故C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。immediately“立即，馬上”。
答案：C 8．解析：我們等待臭鼬離開(leave)我們的營(yíng)地。答案：C 9．解析：熬過(guò)了那個(gè)晚上，我們相信其他一切事情會(huì)比較順利的。confident“有信心的，有把握的”。
答案：B 10．解析：根據(jù)上文“The next day we met with the people who ran the park”可知，那些管理公園的人給我們解釋了我們的工作職責(zé)。
答案：A 11．解析：下文描述了我們?cè)跔I(yíng)地生活的艱難，與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故D項(xiàng)符合句意。however意為“然而，不過(guò)”。
答案：D 12．解析：由下文“until the winds died away”可知答案。答案：A 13．解析：根據(jù)上文“They were strong and cold，rocking our little camping truck violently”可知，我們顫抖地躺在車?yán)?，shake此處意為“發(fā)抖”。
答案：D 14．解析：句意：在接下來(lái)的幾個(gè)星期里，我們學(xué)會(huì)了如何在貨車?yán)锷?。答案：C 15．解析：give away“贈(zèng)送，泄露，出賣”；hand out“分發(fā)”；live on“靠??生活”；put aside“整理，放在一邊”。根據(jù)上文可知，此處指在接下來(lái)的幾個(gè)星期里我們靠妻子做代課教師掙得一點(diǎn)錢生活。
答案：C 16．解析：此處考查固定搭配。earn money意為“掙錢”。答案：C 17．解析：根據(jù)下文“I thought I might lose my family as well”可知B項(xiàng)符合句意。
答案：B 18．解析：根據(jù)文章第一段“When our restaurant business failed...”可知。本句指這次失敗讓“我”感覺(jué)也許會(huì)失去自己的家庭。
答案：B
19．解析：根據(jù)上文“we learned to survive in our truck”可知。答案：D 20．解析：根據(jù)全文可知，雖然“我”生意失敗后生活很辛苦，但家人之間的關(guān)系更加密切，由此推斷“我”很感激生活中遇到的艱難困苦。thankful for意為“因??感激”。
答案：D
第三節(jié) 語(yǔ)法填空
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Every morning，Lao Tse went for a walk in the dawn.He never walked with others，as he knew that people could not be quiet and that they would disturb his 1.________(silent)he experienced.But his neighbor put in 2.________request for his friend.He said，“Let him join you during your morning walk.It seems such a lovely experience to him.And he has promised to be 3.________(complete)silent.” Lao Tse agreed so the friend came along.They walked alongside each other 4.________saying one word.When they walked deeper into the woods, they came to a lake 5.________(surround)by high trees.The sun 6.________(shine)through the trees and fell in patterns on the water.It was a fantastic sight.The friend's jaw dropped and wanted 7.________(praise)the beautiful scenery.But he covered his mouth with his hand，8.________he remembered his promise.After they came back，Lao Tse was 9.________(satisfy)with his company.And he said to his neighbour，“Your friend is very nice.I'd like to walk with him again.”
So the two often walked together.But neither of them spoke anything all the way.10.________(respect)others' habits can help us make friends.語(yǔ)篇解讀：尊敬別人的習(xí)慣才能跟別人成為朋友。
1．解析：考查名詞。根據(jù)句意，他們會(huì)打擾他的安靜。在形容詞性物主代詞之后，用名詞形式。
答案：silence 2．解析：考查冠詞。這里指提出一個(gè)請(qǐng)求，故用不定冠詞。答案：a 3．解析：考查副詞。形容詞前面用副詞修飾，表示完全地安靜。答案：completely 4．解析：考查介詞。根據(jù)句意，他們并肩走著，一句話也沒(méi)有說(shuō)。故用without。答案：without 5．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。lake與surround之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。
答案：surrounded 6．解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去與fell并列，故用shine的一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案：shone 7．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)want to do sth.故用動(dòng)詞不定式形式。答案：to praise 8．解析：考查連詞。這里是在解釋原因，故填because，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。答案：because 9．解析：考查形容詞。be satisfied with sb.意為“對(duì)人某滿意”。答案：satisfied 10．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。答案：Respecting 第四節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)
假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()畫掉。
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
Last night，I couldn't find my diary which my secrets were kept.I thought my mother has taken it.She used to read my diary without letting me known and she must have done that again.In angry，I ran to her and asked her to return my diary back to me.She said she didn't take it but I didn't believe her.Just then，my little sister came to me with my diary and asked why I was looking for it.Looked at my mother，I didn't know what to do for moment.Then I apologized on what I had done.I think an apology is necessarily when we do something wrong.And we should think carefully before we act.答案：
第三篇：專題2.3+Amazing+people(基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)清單)-2018屆江蘇高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品資料
2018屆江蘇高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品資料●模塊二 Unit 3
基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理(知識(shí)清單)
一、詞匯
1.背誦詞匯 ▲單詞
apply vi.申請(qǐng) vt.使用，應(yīng)用→application n.申請(qǐng)，申請(qǐng)表格；應(yīng)用→applicant n.申請(qǐng)人 breathe v.呼吸→breath n.呼吸 connection n.聯(lián)系→connect v.聯(lián)系
curious adj.好奇的，求知欲強(qiáng)的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇心 death n.死亡→die v.死，去世→dying adj.垂死的；渴望的→deadly adj.致命的
devotion n.奉獻(xiàn)；忠臣；專心→devote v.致力于，奉獻(xiàn)→devoted adj.獻(xiàn)身的，忠誠(chéng)的；深愛(ài)的，摯愛(ài)的
discourage v.使灰心；勸阻→courage n.勇氣→encourage v.鼓勵(lì)→encouragement n.鼓勵(lì) disturb v.打擾，擾亂→disturbing adj.令人不安的→disturbed adj.感到不安的→disturbance n.干擾；騷亂
entrance n.入口 →enter v.進(jìn)入
explorer n.探險(xiǎn)家，探索者→exploration n.探索；勘探→explore v.探索；勘探
fortune n.大筆的錢，財(cái)富；運(yùn)氣→fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的→fortunately adv.幸運(yùn)地→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地→misfortune n.不幸，災(zāi)禍
inspire v.啟迪，賦予靈感；激勵(lì)，鼓舞→inspiration n.靈感；激勵(lì)→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
murder vt.& n.謀殺→murderer n.謀殺者
optimistic adj.樂(lè)觀的，抱有樂(lè)觀看法的→optimism n.樂(lè)觀，樂(lè)觀主義→optimist n.樂(lè)觀主義者；樂(lè)天派
organization n.組織，機(jī)構(gòu)→organize v.組織→organizer n.組織者
preserve v.保護(hù)，保存，保持→preservation n.保存，保護(hù)→preserver n.保護(hù)人，維護(hù)者 punishment n.懲罰→punish v.懲罰 requirement n.要求，規(guī)定→require v.要求
scientific adj.科學(xué)的→science n.科學(xué)→scientist n.科學(xué)家
shortly adv.不久，很快→short adj.短的，矮的，短缺的→shorten v.縮短，使變短 survival n.幸存，存活→survive v.幸存；生存→survivor n.幸存者 various adj.各種各樣的→vary v.變化→variety n.種類 warning n.警告→warn v.警告 desire n.愿望，欲望，渴望；vt.渴望，期望
labour n.&vi.勞動(dòng)，努力工作 swallow v.吞下,吞咽 orbit n.軌道，vt.沿軌道運(yùn)行，圍繞??運(yùn)動(dòng) signal n.信號(hào)，v.發(fā)信號(hào)，表明 coincidence n.巧合，碰巧
indeed adv.的確，確實(shí)
content n.內(nèi)容 adj.滿意的
native本地的，本國(guó)的 quality n.品質(zhì)，質(zhì)量
superior n.上級(jí)，上司；adj.更好的，更高outgoing adj.愛(ài)交際的，友好的，外向的 rare adj.稀有的，罕見(jiàn)的的
tomb n.墳?zāi)?/p>
whichever pron.無(wú)論哪個(gè)，無(wú)論哪些 within prep.在??之內(nèi)，不超過(guò) widespread adj.廣泛的，普遍的 ▲短語(yǔ)
apply for a job申請(qǐng)一份工作
in control of掌管，控制
be curious about對(duì)??好奇 breathe in吸進(jìn) come across 偶然碰到 catch one’s attention引起某人的注意
come into use開始使用
get in touch with 與??聯(lián)系
in connection with關(guān)于，與??有關(guān) pay off償清(債務(wù))，得到回報(bào)
set sail 起航 go out(燈)熄滅，外出，出去 look up to sb.尊敬某人
result in/lead to導(dǎo)致 2.識(shí)記詞匯 ▲單詞
airplane n.飛機(jī)
astronaut n.宇航員 candidate n.候選人，申請(qǐng)人
captain n.船長(zhǎng)，飛機(jī)機(jī)長(zhǎng)，隊(duì)長(zhǎng)，海軍上校，陸軍，空軍上尉 clothing n.衣物
companion n.伴侶，陪伴 Egyptian
adj.埃及的；埃及人的；n.埃data n.(pl)數(shù)據(jù)，資料 及人
female n.& adj.女性(的)north-east n.東北 rocket n.火箭
nationality n.國(guó)籍 riddle n.謎
sex n.性別
virus n.病毒
voyage n.航行，(尤指)航海，航天 status n.地位，身份
valley n.山谷，峽谷
▲短語(yǔ)
go down in history載入史冊(cè) show great devotion to對(duì)??表現(xiàn)出極大的忠誠(chéng)/專心 thanks to多虧，由于
win sb.the status of?為某人贏得??的地位
二、句型
1.only+動(dòng)詞不定式句型
【教材原句】He too visited the tomb, only to catch a high fever the next day.(P43)他也去了陵墓，結(jié)果第二天就發(fā)高燒。
2.not only?but also句型
【教材原句】They not only studied all the subjects required to be an astronaut but also learnt survival skills and all about how spaceships and rockets are built.(P58)他們不僅學(xué)習(xí)成為宇航員所必修的全部科目，還學(xué)習(xí)生存技巧，以及關(guān)于飛船和火箭制造的所有知識(shí)。
3.強(qiáng)調(diào)句
【教材原句】Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China’s first astronaut.(P58)雖然楊利偉并非每項(xiàng)測(cè)試都得了最高分，但他各項(xiàng)心理測(cè)試所得的高分最終為他贏得了中國(guó)首位宇航員的身份。
三、語(yǔ)法
復(fù)習(xí)本單元的Grammar and usage：過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
一、過(guò)去完成時(shí)的形式及用法
過(guò)去完成時(shí)的形式為had done。其用法如下：
1.過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作。它表示句子中描述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在
“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，可圖示為：
這個(gè)過(guò)去的某一時(shí)間可以用by, before等介詞短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示，也可以用一個(gè)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作來(lái)表示，還可通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表示。到六點(diǎn)鐘為止他們已經(jīng)工作八小時(shí)了。
By six o’clock they had worked for eight hours.在他們到達(dá)之前電影已經(jīng)開始了。
Before they arrived here, the film had already started.我到廣州時(shí)，他在那里已經(jīng)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。
When I came to Guangzhou, he had been there for a long time.注意：在before, after, as soon as等引導(dǎo)的從句中，由于這些連詞本身已經(jīng)表示出時(shí)間先后，所以可以用過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)代替過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
Many people left for home before the film ended.電影尚未放完，許多人就起身回家了。
【高考典例】
(2014北京卷)I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ when I arrived.A.started 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)講座很難跟上趟。因?yàn)楫?dāng)我到的時(shí)候，它就開始了。根據(jù)句意可知這個(gè)報(bào)告是在我到達(dá)之前就開始的，而句中我到達(dá)使用了arrived，而報(bào)告是在這之前發(fā)生的，所以使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故D正確。
2.表示由過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻開始，一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和for, since構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
當(dāng)公交車來(lái)的時(shí)候，我在車站已等了20分鐘。
I had waited at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.他說(shuō)自從1979年以來(lái)他就在那家工廠工作。
He said he had worked in that factory since 1979.二、常使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的情況
1.在已敘述了過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情后，反過(guò)來(lái)追述或補(bǔ)述以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，常使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。
Mr.Smith died yesterday.He had been a good friend of mine.我對(duì)動(dòng)詞一無(wú)所知，因?yàn)槲覜](méi)有好好學(xué)習(xí)功課。
I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson.【高考典例】
(2014浙江卷)Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she _____ most of the guests before.A.has seen B.had seen C.saw D.would see 【答案】B
B.was starting
C.would start
D.had started
2.過(guò)去完成時(shí)用于賓語(yǔ)從句：當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且從句的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
那位老人說(shuō)她當(dāng)過(guò)30年的教師。
The old woman said she had been a teacher for thirty years.【高考典例】
(2011江西卷)We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ______into the office during the night.A.broke 【答案】B 【解析】句意：早晨我們來(lái)上班，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)有人晚上闖入過(guò)辦公室?？崭裉幍膭?dòng)作發(fā)生在found之前，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，選B。
3.在含有定語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，如果敘述的是過(guò)去的事，先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。我已歸還了我借的書。
I returned the book that I had borrowed.她丟失的鑰匙找到了。
She found the key that she had lost.【高考典例】
(2014陜西卷)During his stay in Xi’an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends ________, A.would recommend C.have recommended 【答案】B
B.had recommended
D.were recommending
B.had broken
C.has broken
D.was breaking 4.動(dòng)詞think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用過(guò)去完成時(shí)來(lái)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法、希望、打算或意圖等。
我本來(lái)要去機(jī)場(chǎng)接你的，可正好在我出門時(shí)有人來(lái)看我。
I had intended to meet you at the airport, but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.我本打算借給你一些錢的，但你沒(méi)問(wèn)我。
I had wanted to lend you some money, but you didn’t ask.5.過(guò)去完成時(shí)常用于下列固定句式。
(1)用在hardly/scarcely...when...和no sooner...than...句型中，主句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。他剛開始演講，聽(tīng)眾就打斷了他。
Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.他剛到就又走了。
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.(2)在“It was the first(second, third...)time that...”句型中，that從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。這是他第一次到中國(guó)來(lái)。
It was the first time that he had come to China.三、過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別
1.過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”；而一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去”。他忽然想起來(lái)他沒(méi)鎖門。
He suddenly remembered that he hadn’t locked the door.【高考典例】
(2014福建卷)—Haven't seen you for ages!Where have you been? —I went to Ningxia and there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.A.stayed 【答案】A
B.stay
C.had stayed
D.am staying 2.敘述幾個(gè)連續(xù)的動(dòng)作用法不同。
(1)在敘述兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上接連發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，并按時(shí)間順序敘述時(shí)，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。她天黑后不久動(dòng)身，一小時(shí)后到家。
She set out soon after dark and arrived home one hour later.我買了一部收音機(jī)，但丟了。I bought a radio but lost it.(2)如果兩個(gè)先后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作不是按時(shí)間的順序排列或敘述時(shí)，為明確動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序，先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。農(nóng)民們興高采烈，因?yàn)樗麄冇钟辛艘淮魏檬粘伞?/p>
The farmers were in high spirits because they had got another good harvest.四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，以現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間為基點(diǎn)，但側(cè)重對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或造成的影響，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)；過(guò)去完成時(shí)則是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)，以過(guò)去時(shí)間為基點(diǎn)，它所表示的動(dòng)作不僅發(fā)生在過(guò)去，更強(qiáng)調(diào)“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。比較：
I have learned 1,000 English words so far.到目前為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了1 000個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。I had learned 1,000 English words till then.到那時(shí)為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了1 000個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞?！?I’m sorry to keep you waiting.對(duì)不起，讓你久等了。
— Oh, not at all.I have been here only a few minutes.沒(méi)什么，我只等了幾分鐘。(“等”的動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在結(jié)束)
第四篇：2014山東高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)寫作訓(xùn)練
2014山東題高考英語(yǔ)寫作訓(xùn)練（1）
假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三一班的學(xué)生李華，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下四幅圖的內(nèi)容，為?？队⒄Z(yǔ)園地》寫一篇題為 “My Special Gift for Grandma” 的英文稿件，介紹你在寒假里用壓歲錢為奶奶購(gòu)買手機(jī)，并教會(huì)奶奶使用手機(jī)的完整過(guò)程。詞數(shù)120-130。稿件的開頭已給出。23 4
My Special Gift for Grandma
During winter vacation, I spent my lucky money on a special gift for Grandma._______________________________________________________________________________
One possible version
During winter vacation, I spent my lucky money on a special gift for Grandma.One Friday afternoon I went to a cellphone shop and asked the shop assistant to show me some models for the old.Then I chose one with large buttons and took it as a special gift for Grandma.I gave it to Grandma when I went to see him at the weekend.Grandma was very pleased to accept it and ready to learn how to use it.So I patiently explained to her the main functions she needed.Grandma learned very carefully and then She wanted to have a try.With my help, she succeeded in going through to her friend.That afternoon, Grandma couldn’t wait to show her new cellphone to her neighbors.She proudly told them that it was her grandson who bought it for her.Hearing that, all of them said that she had such a thoughtful grandson.(字?jǐn)?shù) 138)
第五篇：2013高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)高中英語(yǔ)常用短語(yǔ)及句型歸納（推薦）
―高中英語(yǔ)常用短語(yǔ)及句型歸納
1．高考高頻動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)
（1）act短語(yǔ)：
act as 擔(dān)任……職務(wù)，起……作用
act out 表演（對(duì)話、故事等）
例如：
act for 代理（某人職務(wù)），代為（處理某事）act up 搗亂，出毛病
I acted as an interpreter while I was in Xiamen.Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case.(布萊克先生代那個(gè)老人處理他的案件。)The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus.He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot.（2）break短語(yǔ)：
break away 擺脫，脫離
break away from … 脫離……，奮力掙脫…… break down 出故障，壞掉，中止，累垮，分解
break in 打斷，插話，闖入，強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入
break into … 闖入……，破門而入
break(sth)off（使某物）折斷，中斷某事物，突然停止 break out（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)）突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā) break out in tears 突然大哭
break the rule 違反規(guī)定 break through 突圍，沖跨
例如: The thief broke away from the police, but was later caught.If you keep on working like that, you’ll break down sooner or later.The car broke down just on my way here.If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off.If anyone tries to break into the building, the alarm will go off.She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup.I broke off the conversation and answered the phone.Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out? It may take a long time to break through the problem.In spring the icebergs begin to break up.（3）bring短語(yǔ)：
bring about 引起，導(dǎo)致，使發(fā)生
bring along 把……帶來(lái)，領(lǐng)來(lái)
bring back 拿回來(lái)，使恢復(fù)
bring sb back 送回某人 bring sth / sb back to life 使……生動(dòng)/活潑，使……蘇醒（比較：sth / sb come back to life 復(fù)蘇，蘇醒）
bring down 使……降低，減少，使……倒下，使……落下
bring down / up(the price)降價(jià)／提價(jià) [比較：(the price)go down / up 價(jià)格下降 /上漲] bring in 引進(jìn)（技術(shù)），賺錢，帶來(lái)（收入），吸收
bring on 發(fā)展，引起，導(dǎo)致，使前進(jìn)
bring out 拿出，出版，生產(chǎn)，揭露，闡明，使表現(xiàn)出 bring to 使蘇醒
bring … to use = put …to use 對(duì)……加以利用
bring / carry sth to / into effect 實(shí)施……（比較：sth come / go into effect 開始實(shí)施）bring up 撫養(yǎng)，培養(yǎng)，哺育 例如：
break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎開A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.You’re welcome to bring along a friend.The government hopes these measures will help to bring down inflation(通貨膨脹).American country music brings in more than $10 billion each year.This new kind of technology was brought in in the early 1980s.Stress can bring on(=lead to / result in)headaches and other illnesses.Jenny opened the cupboard and brought out a couple of bottles.He was brought up by his grandparents.（4）call短語(yǔ)：
call at(sp)訪問(wèn)（某地），拜訪（某地）[比較：call on(sb)拜訪（某人），訪問(wèn)（某人）] call back 回電話
call for 提倡，號(hào)召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人 call / shout for help 呼救
call in 請(qǐng)來(lái)，召集，來(lái)訪，打電話
call off 取消
call on / upon 號(hào)召
call out 大聲呼喊，叫喊
call sb…for short 簡(jiǎn)稱某人……
call sb names 謾罵某人
call up 給……打電話，使人想起，號(hào)召例如：
We called at Mike’s house yesterday.All ships sailing on the oceans call for help by radio in English.I’ll call for my uncle at Beijing Railway Station.Let’s call in a doctor for the little girl.Many of these songs called on / upon the workers to take up the struggle.I shall call on him tomorrow.I heard somebody calling out to me from downstairs.Call me up tomorrow;my number is 536291.Your letter calls up the days when we worked together fifteen years ago.Due to the bad weather, the sports meeting has been called off.（5）come短語(yǔ)：
come about 發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生
come across 偶然相遇
come along 來(lái)，隨同，進(jìn)展，加油
come at … 向……襲擊 come back 回來(lái)，想起來(lái)，復(fù)活 come down 下來(lái)，下落，傳下
come down to… 到達(dá)，從一處來(lái)到另一處 come for… 來(lái)拿，來(lái)取
come from… 來(lái)自，出生于
come in 進(jìn)來(lái)，進(jìn)入
come into being 形成，產(chǎn)生
come into use 使用起來(lái)
come off 脫落，從……離開
come on 過(guò)來(lái)，跟我來(lái)，加油，來(lái)吧，趕快
come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇見(jiàn)，偶然碰上，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)
come out 露出，出來(lái)，出現(xiàn)，出版，發(fā)（芽），（花）開 come over to… 過(guò)來(lái)，順便來(lái)訪，從一個(gè)地方來(lái)到另一個(gè)地方 come round / around（非正式）來(lái)訪，串門
come to … 來(lái)到，出現(xiàn)，提及，達(dá)到，共計(jì)，結(jié)果是，蘇醒 come to an end 結(jié)束，終止
come to know 逐漸地知道
come to life（變得）活潑，蘇醒過(guò)來(lái) come to light 顯露，為人所知 come to oneself 蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)，恢復(fù)知覺(jué)
come to / into power 當(dāng)權(quán)，上臺(tái)
come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 變成廢墟 come to terms with… 甘心忍受
come true 變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)，成為事實(shí)
come up 被提出，上來(lái)，走來(lái)，上升，抬頭，長(zhǎng)出來(lái) come up to sb 朝某人走來(lái)
come up with … 提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），趕上 例如：
A number of educational reforms have come about as a result of the report.I came across an old friend of mine in the street the other day.Your English is coming along really well.Come along / on!Don’t give up yet!Come along / on!We’re all waiting for you!Suddenly, he came at me with a knife.Now, let’s come back to what I was saying a moment ago.It is impossible for a dead animal to come back.Snow was coming down so thickly that I could hardly see through the window.The airplane came down in that field.Where does the film star come from, do you know?
Mr Smith came in in a hurry, book in hand(= with a book in his hand).The law first came into being in 1912.By the time he came to / into power in 1951, he was already seventy.How long is it since the electronic computer came into use? The button came off, but he didn’t notice it.There is no doubt that the truth will come out one day.The trees turn green and flowers come out.This magazine comes out once a month.Why don’t you come around / round for lunch?
Some day you’ll come to know the mistakes you have made.If they don’t come to a decision by midnight, the talks will be abandoned.I’ve forgotten her name, but maybe it’ll come to me later.The bill came to ￡480 in total.His dream of becoming a film star came true at last.A child came up to me and showed me the way.The same problems came up at the meeting yesterday.They came up with the same problems at the meeting yesterday.Searching through the drawer, I came upon the letter I’d been looking for.（6）cut短語(yǔ)：
cut away 切除，剪去
cut down 砍倒，砍下，削減
cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入
cut in line 插隊(duì)
cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成兩半 cut off 切斷（線路），中斷（供應(yīng)）
cut the cost of … 降低……的成本
例如：
cut out 刪除，剪下來(lái)
cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齊根切掉
He cut away some branches, making it look more beautiful.A lot of trees there were cut down in the past.The electricity was cut off because of the storm.He was sentenced to death and had his head cut off the next day.Could you cut the pizza up, please?（7）do短語(yǔ)：
do about 處理，應(yīng)付
do a good deed 做一件好事
do a test 做實(shí)驗(yàn)，做化驗(yàn)
do and don’t 要與不要
do a lot of walking 走很多路
do a word puzzle 猜字謎
do away with 廢除
do chores 處理瑣事，干家務(wù) do make-up 化妝，打扮
do one’s best 盡某人最大努力
do an experiment / experiments 做實(shí)驗(yàn)
do body-building 做健身操
do housework 做家務(wù)活
do observations 觀察
do one’s homework 做作業(yè)
do sb a favour 幫某人一個(gè)忙
do research on… 從事……研究工作
do sb honor = do honor to sb 禮遇某人，對(duì)某人表示敬意 do sb the favour to do sth 幫某人一個(gè)忙做某事 do some reading 讀書，閱讀，看點(diǎn)書
do some shopping = go shopping 購(gòu)物，買東西
do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 進(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，做運(yùn)動(dòng)，進(jìn)行鍛煉 do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 輪流做某事 do telephone interviews 進(jìn)行電話采訪
do the laundry 洗衣服
do up 打扮，梳妝，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好 do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋帶/梳好頭 do up the button 扣紐扣
do well / better in… 在……方面干得好/更好
do with 處理，處臵，對(duì)付
do wrong 做壞事，做錯(cuò)事（比較：do right = do the right thing 做得對(duì)）
例如：
To tell the truth, I don’t know how to do with him.I’ll have nothing to do with him from now on.What did you do with that camera you found? The poisonous waste may do great harm to the things around us.Eat more fruit;it will do good to you.I think I can do better in English this year than last year.Liszt said, “You’ve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it.” I’m going to do my best this year.I was only trying to do a good deed.（8）get短語(yǔ)：
get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中國(guó) get a full mark / full marks 得滿分
get a lot of satisfaction 得到滿足
get at 意指，本意是
get around = get about 四處走動(dòng)，活動(dòng)
get away 移走，拿走，逃脫，逃離
get away from 逃脫，逃離 get back 回來(lái)，回家，取回，找回，退還 get close to 接近
get down on one’s knees 跪下
get in 進(jìn)入，收獲，達(dá)到
get into… 進(jìn)入……
get down 下來(lái)，降下
get down to(doing)sth 開始（做）某事）get in a word 插話
get sb into… 使某人陷入
get it 接（電話），應(yīng)（門），理解，懂得 get off 下車，脫下（衣服等）
get on 上車，過(guò)活
get on / along with… 進(jìn)展，與……相處 get on one’s feet（艱難地）站立起來(lái)
get out 離開，出去
get out of 逃避，避免
get over 克服，恢復(fù)，原諒
get up 起床，起身
get across 理解，度過(guò) get through 接通（電話），完成（工作），通過(guò)（考試）
get to 到達(dá)，抵達(dá)
get to sleep 入睡，設(shè)法睡著 get / gain / take possession of 占有，擁有，占領(lǐng) get ready for 為……做準(zhǔn)備
（比較：be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 為……做好了準(zhǔn)備）get rid of 除掉，去掉
get the idea for… 想到……的主意
get sb to do 讓某人做
get the message across 傳播信息
get together 相聚，碰頭，聯(lián)歡
get / be used to sth習(xí)慣于……，適應(yīng)于……（比較：be used as sth 被用作……
be used for sth 被用于……，用來(lái)做…… be used to do sth 被用于做……
used to do sth 過(guò)去常常做）
get / be dressed 穿衣服
get / be engaged(to sb)（與某人）訂婚 get / be lost 丟失了，迷路
get / be married(to sb)= marry(sb)（與某人）結(jié)婚 get / be stuck 陷進(jìn)去，被困住，被難住，遇到困難 get / be tired of 對(duì)……感到厭倦，對(duì)……失去興趣（比較：get / be tired for 因……而感到疲倦）例如：
I’m getting on well with my classmates now.How are you getting along with your English? He got the book away from her.The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away.When did you get back from the countryside? Have you got back the book you lent him? “Get down on your knees,” said the Genie, “for I am going to kill you.” The dust has got into my eyes.This mistake may get him into difficulties.Before I could get in a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits.If you knock into someone, or get into his way, you should say, “Excuse me.” or “I’m sorry.” When you are in London, you might get in touch with a friend of mine.The conductor got off and checked the rails.She got on her bicycle and cycled off.You work too hard!You should get out a bit more.If you don’t want to go, I suppose I can get rid of the ticket.We all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time.It took us only four minutes to get through the Customs(海關(guān)).I telephoned him, but I just couldn’t get through to him.She felt so cold that she got close to her mother.It’s time we got down to work.The theatre was already full, and we couldn’t get in.The peasants are busy getting in the crops.We didn’t get up until lunch time.He got up and walked over to the window.（9）give短語(yǔ)：
give away 贈(zèng)送，給予，背棄，泄露，分發(fā)
give back 歸還，送回
give in 投降，讓步，屈服
give off 釋放，發(fā)出，放出(煙、光、熱等)give out 用完，耗盡，分發(fā)，發(fā)放
give over = hand over 轉(zhuǎn)交，移交
give up 放棄，辭去
give a description of… 描述…… give a talk 演講，做報(bào)告
give close attention to 密切關(guān)注
give shade in summer 夏天時(shí)遮陽(yáng)
give a concert 開音樂(lè)會(huì)
give / make a speech 演講，講話 give birth to 生嬰兒，生產(chǎn)，造成
give medical care to sb 對(duì)某人進(jìn)行治療 give / lend sb a hand 給某人幫助
give sb a message = give a message to sb 給某人捎個(gè)口信 give sb a second look 再看某人一眼
give sb a warm welcome 熱烈歡迎某人 give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建議/忠告 例如：
In those days, he used to give away a part of his income to help his friend.Remember not to give it away to anyone else;it’s a secret.Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give in.If they are burned, they will give off poisonous gases.When they made ready to climb the next ridge(山脊), they found that their oxygen had given out.Our English teacher is giving out the test papers.Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride.All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given up and the search stopped.Mary had to give up her job after her marriage.Mr Black will give us a talk on how to learn English well this afternoon.Could you give us some advice on reading? If you won’t have it changed, please give my money back.（10）go短語(yǔ)：
go abroad 出國(guó)
go about 四處走走，開始做，著手干
go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜訪 go against 違反，違背 go ahead 說(shuō)吧，干吧，領(lǐng)先，走在前面
go / walk around 四處走走
go away 走開，離去
go beyond 超越
go back 回去
go by 走過(guò)，經(jīng)過(guò)，（時(shí)間）消逝，過(guò)去
go down 下來(lái)，落下，倒下
go down on one’s knees 跪下
go for 為……去，努力獲取，主張，適用于
go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行
go for a job interview 去面試找工作
go for sb 對(duì)某人也一樣
go into 詳細(xì)調(diào)查
go off 走開，離去，（鬧鐘）鬧響
go for a walk / walks 散步
go in for 參加，喜歡
go into details 細(xì)說(shuō)
go off to = be off to = leave for 動(dòng)身去
go off the air 停止廣播（比較：go on the air 開始廣播）
go on 發(fā)生，進(jìn)行，繼續(xù)
go / be on diet 在節(jié)食
go on(a)holiday 去度假
go on a visit to 去……訪問(wèn)（參觀）
go on a tour to 去……觀光（游覽）go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事（同一事）
[比較：go on to do sth 繼續(xù)做某事（另一事）
go on with sth 繼續(xù)某事] go out 熄滅，出去，外出
go over 復(fù)習(xí)，過(guò)一遍，仔細(xì)檢查，審閱
go past 從……的旁邊過(guò)去
go up 上升，上漲，增長(zhǎng)，攀登 go with… 與……相配
go without 忍受沒(méi)有……之苦，沒(méi)有……也行，沒(méi)有……也能勉強(qiáng)應(yīng)付
go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去購(gòu)物/釣魚/駕船航行/宿營(yíng)/滑冰
go straight along 沿著……一直往前走
go through 通過(guò)，經(jīng)受，瀏覽，仔細(xì)檢查 go through with 完成go to bed（上床）睡覺(jué) go to sea 當(dāng)水手
go to town 進(jìn)城
go to school / work 上學(xué)/上班 go to sleep 入睡 go to a movie 去看電影 go home / there 回家/去那兒 go bad 變壞
go to the country(side)下鄉(xiāng)
go to see a doctor 去看病，去看醫(yī)生
go wrong 出毛病，不對(duì)頭，做錯(cuò)事，誤入歧途 go Dutch 各付各的帳，平攤費(fèi)用 例如：
No one dared to go against the rules.—Do you mind if I open the window? / Do you mind my opening the window? —No, go ahead.I went away /off wondering if I’d said anything wrong.I’m afraid the fish has gone bad.Things will get easier as time goes by.He went by quickly, taking no notice of us.If you really want the job, go for it!Close all the doors and lock them when you go out.The same goes for windows.I go in for all the competitions.After a short pause, Maria went on with her story.Suddenly the candle went out.Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say.Let’s go over what we learned last period.Do you want me to go through this and check your spellings? Unemployment in that country has gone up by a million.It is possible to go without food for a few days.Something’s gone wrong with my watch;I must have it repaired.（11）have短語(yǔ)：
have a break 休息一下
have a bright future 有一個(gè)燦爛的未來(lái)
have(got)a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒/咳嗽/頭疼/發(fā)燒 have a conversation with sb 與某人交談
[比較：have a dialogue with sb 與某人對(duì)話
have a talk with sb(about sth)（就某事）與某人進(jìn)行交流
have a word with sb = would like a word with sb 和某人談幾句，跟某人說(shuō)句話]
have a gift for… 對(duì)……有天賦（比較：have a reputation for… 有……名譽(yù)/名聲）have a good flight（坐飛機(jī)）旅途愉快
have a good knowledge of … 對(duì)……很熟悉，通曉…… have a good laugh over… 對(duì)……笑了個(gè)夠
have a good / great / wonderful time = have(great)fun 玩得（非常）高興，過(guò)得愉快 have a / the habit of …= be in a / the habit of… 有……的習(xí)慣（比較：get into / form the habit of… 養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣
get sb into the habit of… 使某人養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣）have a hit 風(fēng)靡一時(shí)
have a large population 人口眾多 have / take a look 看一看
have a meeting / party 開會(huì)/舉行晚會(huì) have a nice / pleasant trip / journey 祝旅途愉快
have(got)a pain(in the…)（身體某部位）痛 have a part-time job 做兼職工作
have a(good)rest 休息 have / take a seat 坐下（比較：have / take one’s seat 坐某人的座位）have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼
have a sweet tooth 喜歡吃甜食 have a swim 游泳
have a table tennis match 舉行一場(chǎng)乒乓球比賽
have a test 進(jìn)行測(cè)驗(yàn)
have a try 試一試
have / show an appetite for… 有……的欲望或愛(ài)好
have / make an appointment with sb 和某人有預(yù)約, 和某人有約定 have an effect on / upon… 對(duì)……有影響，對(duì)……產(chǎn)生作用（比較：influence… = affect … 對(duì)……有影響
have no effect / influence on … 對(duì)……沒(méi)有影響
have a good / bad effect on … 對(duì)……有好/壞影響
have a great / little effect on … 對(duì)……有很大的影響/影響不大 have a strong influence on… 對(duì)……有很大影響）
have / take an exam 參加考試
have an income of … 有……的收入
have an eye for 有眼力，有眼光
have access to … 使用（接近……的）權(quán)利或機(jī)會(huì)
have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早飯/午飯/晚飯 have lessons / classes 上課
have mercy on… 寬恕……，對(duì)……仁慈，對(duì)……表示憐憫
have no chance of surviving 沒(méi)有生存的可能性
have no choice but to do sth 別無(wú)選擇，只好做某事 have none of … 根本不理睬……
have on 穿著
have sth on sb 某人身上帶著某物
have / take one’s medicine 服藥，吃藥 have some difficulty / trouble / problems with … 在……有困難/麻煩事
[比較：have some difficulty / trouble / problems(in)doing sth 做某事有困難/麻煩]
have something / nothing in common(with…)（與……）有共同點(diǎn)／沒(méi)有共同之處
（比較：have much / a lot in common with… 與……有許多相同之處
have little in common with… 與……幾乎沒(méi)有相同之處）
have something / nothing to do with … 與……有關(guān)／無(wú)關(guān) have to = have got to 不得不，必須
例如：
Class is over.Let’s have a break.I’ve got a cough.Dad and I had a good laugh over that.They are having a good time.He stopped to have a look.We are going to have a table tennis match tomorrow afternoon.Are we going to have a meeting this week? Here is a tree.Let me have a rest.Are you going to have a swim？ We’ll have a test tomorrow.Where is Peter? I want to have a word with him.Does she have lunch at home？
Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep.He knew about the order, he knew why the soldiers were there, but he would have none of it.We have four lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.Most of his questions have nothing to do with his lessons.I noticed that he had on bedroom slippers.Please come here and have my seat, Granny.He hasn’t had any medicine.At three fifty in the afternoon we have sports.（12）hold短語(yǔ)：
hold a meeting / party 開會(huì)/舉行晚會(huì)
hold back 退縮，躊躇，阻擋，控制住 hold one’s breath 屏息，不出氣
hold on 等一等，不要掛電話
hold on to 抓住，保住
hold out 伸出，堅(jiān)持下去，維持 hold up 阻擋，使停頓，舉起，拿起，阻滯
hold together 連在一起，團(tuán)結(jié)一致
例如：
Anger flooded through her.She couldn’t hold it back.—Could I speak to Mr Smith? —Hold on, please.The little boy held out his hands.I think water supplies won’t hold out much longer.Sorry, I’m late.I was held up at work.（13）keep短語(yǔ)：
keep away from 避開，別靠近
keep back 隱瞞，忍住，阻止……向前，留下
keep down 控制
keep off 勿踏，勿踩
keep off sb / sth 不接觸或不接近某人/某事物
keep on 繼續(xù)進(jìn)行
keep out 不得入內(nèi)
keep…out 把……擋住，把……留在外面keep out of … 不進(jìn)入……
keep up 繼續(xù)，保持，堅(jiān)持，使（情緒等）不低落
keep up with… = catch up with… 跟上，趕上
keep a date 赴約
keep a healthy diet 保持健康的飲食 keep a record / records 保持記錄
keep an eye on 注視，留心，注意，照顧（比較：keep an eye out for 注視，留心，注意）
keep busy doing 忙著做某事
keep fit 保持健康
keep…in mind = learn…by heart = remember… 把……記住 keep(on)doing sth 繼續(xù)不停地做某事
[比較：keep sb doing sth 使某人一直/繼續(xù)做某事
keep … from doing 阻止……做，不讓……做
stop / prevent…(from)doing 妨礙/預(yù)防/阻止……做，不讓……做]
keep one’s appointment 守約（比較：break one’s appointment 違約）keep one’s balance 保持平衡
keep one’s word(s)遵守諾言
keep safe 保持安全
keep the same look 保持原貌 例如：
keep silent over … 對(duì)……保持沉默 keep watch 保持警戒，站崗
I would have been here sooner, but the rainstorm kept me back.Every week there was a rebellion（造反）somewhere, and the Austrian soldiers were kept busy hurrying from one town to another in order to put down the rebellions.While Leonov was outside the ship, he kept in touch by telephone with his companion and with the earth.He kept on telling us the same story over and over.You may depend on his doing what he says, for he is a person who always keeps his words.Danger!Keep out!Will this overcoat keep the rain out? It is also bad manners to keep silent when the teacher asks you a question.The rain kept up all night.I see you are getting along well with your English studies.Keep up the good work.The good news keeps our spirits up.He walked so fast that I could hardly keep up with him.Every few hundred meters along the wall there are watch-towers, where soldiers used to keep watch.There is a sign there saying, “Keep off the grass.”（14）knock短語(yǔ)：
knock at /on 敲打（門、窗等）
knock down 把……撞倒，擊倒 knock into 撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰見(jiàn) knock sb out(of sth)淘汰某人
撞倒
例如：
We knocked at / on the door but there was no one there.He was in hospital last night after being knocked down by a car.Tom entered the classroom hurriedly and knocked into Mr.White.He almost knocked into me before he realized it.If no one answers the front door, try knocking at the back door.（15）look短語(yǔ)：
look at 看著，注視，檢查
look at oneself in the mirror = admire oneself in the mirror 照鏡子 look after 照顧，照料，照看
look ahead 向前看，展望未來(lái) look around / about 四處看看，四下環(huán)顧 look back 回首，回憶，回顧過(guò)去
look back on… 回顧……，回憶……
look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物/做某事 look for 尋找，找
look in 來(lái)訪，參觀 look into… 往……里面看，瀏覽，調(diào)查，研究 look(right)into sb’s eyes 直視著
look like… 看起來(lái)像……（比較：look the same 看起來(lái)像）look on 旁觀，觀望
look out = be careful = take care 留神，當(dāng)心，注意，警惕，提防 look out for 警惕，留心，找出來(lái)
look over… 翻閱，（仔細(xì)）檢查 look through 看透，仔細(xì)查看，瀏覽，翻閱，溫習(xí)look up 仰視，往上看，（在字典或參考書中）查閱，查尋
look up to sb 敬仰，仰望，尊敬（比較：look down on / upon sb 瞧不起，鄙視，輕視）look / be worried 看上去/感到擔(dān)心
knock over 撞翻，例如：
The boy is old enough to look after himself.He spent two weeks in Shanghai, looking around / about the city.We are looking forward to hearing from you soon.Join us.Don’t just look on.They all looked on him as a member of their family.Look out!There is danger ahead.I shall look out that I don’t trust him again.He looked through his notes before writing the report.Look through these photographs and try to pick out the man you see.I must look up the time of your train.A fox came to the tree and looked up at the cock.I’ve always looked up to Bill for his courage and determination.（16）make短語(yǔ)：
make into 制成，作成（后面跟產(chǎn)品，制成品）
[比較：be made in 在……生產(chǎn)/制造
be made of 由……組成/構(gòu)成，用某種原材料制成（物理變化）
be made from 由……組成/構(gòu)成，用某種原材料制成（化學(xué)變化）be made up of = consist of 由……組成，由……構(gòu)成] make out 理解，看清楚
make up 化妝，打扮，和解，配制，編造，虛構(gòu)，構(gòu)成，組成 make up for 彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)充，補(bǔ)償
made up one’s mind 下決心 make a choice 做出選擇
make a commitment 承諾，保證 make a comment / comments(on / upon…)（對(duì)……）發(fā)表評(píng)論
make a(great)contribution to… 為……做出（巨大）貢獻(xiàn)，為……捐款 make a decision 做出決定
make a(no)difference（沒(méi)）有關(guān)系/影響 make a face / faces 扮鬼臉
make a fire 生火
make a film / blockbuster／follow-ups 拍電影/巨片／續(xù)集
make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人（比較：make fool of … 愚弄）make / leave / create a good impression(on sb)（給某人）留下好印象 make a mistake / mistakes 犯錯(cuò)誤
make(a)noise 制造噪音，發(fā)出令人不愉快的聲音 make a note / notes of… 記錄，做筆記，記下來(lái)
make a plan(for…)（為……）制訂計(jì)劃，制訂一個(gè)（……的）計(jì)劃 make a point of doing sth 認(rèn)為做某事重要或有必要 make a promise 承諾
make a record 錄制唱片，做記錄（比較：record a song 錄一首歌
set a world record 創(chuàng)造世界記錄）
make(a)suggestion(on …)提出（關(guān)于……）的建議
make a telephone call 打電話
make conversation 交談
make / take a trip / journey to … 去某地旅行
make(both)ends meet 使收支相抵 make fun of… 取笑，嘲笑，和……開玩笑 make friends with sb 與某人交朋友
make it（事業(yè)上）獲得成功
make jokes about sb 拿某人開玩笑，以某人為笑柄
make mistake about… 犯了……錯(cuò)誤
make / earn money 掙錢 make oneself at home 不拘束，別客氣 make oneself known 使/讓自己出名 make one’s way to… 往……走去 make progress(in …)（在……方面）取得進(jìn)步 make sense 有意義，有道理，講得通 make sense of… 弄懂……的意思 make sth to(one’s own)measure（按自己的尺寸）定做
make sure 確保，確認(rèn)，查明
make the adjustment to… 適應(yīng)……
make the / one’s bed 整理床鋪 make(full)use of …= make the most / best of …(充分)利用 例如：
Bamboo is also made into paper.Our desks and chairs are made of wood.The paper for books and newspapers also is made from wood.This engine is made up of 490 parts.The actor made himself up for the part of an old man.These days many girls make up when they are still quite young.She made up a good lunch from bits and pieces.There isn’t any little girl called Kitty here.He has just made her up.Hard work can often make up for lack of intelligence.Everyone should make full use of time.But wait till you see what we’ll make for you to your own measure.I have made up my mind, and nothing you say will change it.They made fun of my mistakes when I tried to speak English.（17）pass短語(yǔ)：
pass away 去世，死（委婉說(shuō)法）
pass by 通過(guò)，從旁邊經(jīng)過(guò) pass down 傳下來(lái)，流傳，使世代相傳，一代一代傳下去
pass on(to sb)轉(zhuǎn)交給(某人)，傳給(某人)pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流傳下來(lái) pass out 失去知覺(jué)，昏厥
pass through 穿過(guò)，越過(guò) pass sth from one to another 把某事物從一人傳到另一人手上
pass the examination 通過(guò)考試 例如：
Dr Johnson passed away last night.They all waved to us as they passed by.The tradition has been passed down from father to son for generations.She said she’d pass the message on to the other students.I nearly passed out when I saw the blood.（18）pay短語(yǔ)：
pay attention to … 對(duì)……注意，留心……
pay a visit to sb / a place 訪問(wèn)，拜訪（某人），參觀（某地）
pay back 償還（借款），報(bào)答，報(bào)復(fù)
pay for 付款，付費(fèi)，付代價(jià)（比較：pay a high price for … 付高價(jià)）pay off 還清（欠款）
pay sb a visit 拜訪某人 pay the bill 買單，付帳單 例如：
He promised to pay the money back by Friday.The old in our city don’t need to pay for transport.After ten years of hard work he paid off all his debts at last.（19）pick短語(yǔ)：
pick out 挑選，認(rèn)出
pick up 拾起，接收，學(xué)會(huì)（語(yǔ)言），開車去接，康復(fù)，購(gòu)買（便宜商品）
例如：
His story was picked out as the best by the judges.The phone rang and I picked it up.I’ll pick you up at the station.I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.After a short break they picked up the topic they talked about earlier.I picked up the unusual stamp by accident.I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there last year.（20）put短語(yǔ)：
put away 將某物收拾起來(lái)，存錢，儲(chǔ)存，存起來(lái) put down 撲滅，平息，鎮(zhèn)壓，記下
put forward 提出，建議，推薦
put off 延期，拖延
put on（戲）上演，放（唱片），穿戴
put on a performance 演出 put out 撲滅，熄滅，使……停止燃燒，伸出，出版，生產(chǎn) put up 掛起，張貼，舉起，抬起，搭起，建立
put up with 忍受，容忍
put into 使進(jìn)入，輸入，投入 put one’s heart into… 全神貫注于…… put …to use 使用……，運(yùn)用……
put／translate…into 把……譯成 put sb in / into prison 把某人關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄 put a date to sth 注明日期
（比較：set / fix the date 確定日期
to date 到目前為止）
put an end to … 結(jié)束……
例如：
put …together 把……放在一起
We put away the tools before we leave the workshop.All the medical workers in the region helped to put down the influenza epidemic（流感）.Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.We are putting the play on again next week owing to its success.The firemen soon put the fire out.The doctor told me to put out my tongue.It’s time that we put up the Christmas decorations（裝飾物）in the living room.Drop your weapons and put your hands up.Another supermarket has been put up near our house.I can’t put up with a lot of noisy people when I am working.The government is putting more money into education this year.As students, we should put our heart into studies.（21）send短語(yǔ)：
send away 讓走開
send for sb 派人去請(qǐng)某人，請(qǐng)某人來(lái) send in 寄送某處進(jìn)行處理
send out 派遣，發(fā)出（信號(hào)、通知等）
send up 發(fā)射，射出，往上送
send signals by … 通過(guò)……發(fā)送信號(hào) 例如：
Get back into bed.I’ll send for the doctor.send sb to sleep 讓某人睡覺(jué) The ship is in danger;it is sending out an SOS signal.The rocket will be sent up tomorrow morning.（22）set短語(yǔ)：
set about(doing)sth 著手，開始
set aside 留出，擱/放在一邊
set down 放下，記下
set off 出發(fā)，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起 set out(for…)出發(fā)往（……），動(dòng)身去（……）set out to do 開始做，著手做
set up 創(chuàng)立，設(shè)立，開辦，豎起，支起
set /give a(good)example to… 為……樹立（好）榜樣
set a goal 設(shè)定目標(biāo)
set fire to sth = set sth on fire 縱火，放火燒 set foot on / in… 踏上……，到達(dá)，進(jìn)入 set one’s mind to do sth 一心想做 set sail for 起航去……
set sail from 從……起航
set sb a good example in … 在……為某人樹立榜樣 set sb free 釋放某人，解放某人
例如：
As soon as she arrived, she set about tidying up（整理）the room.Try to set aside some time each day for exercise.They’ve set off on a trip round the world.Together the four men set out to look for the lost animal.He set out to write a history of civilization（文明）.We’ll certainly set up a complete modern industrial system.A few scarecrows（稻草人）were set up in the field.Let’s set up the tent first, and build the fire later.The police are trying to find out who set fire to the building last night.He was set free after three years in prison.Comrade Lei Feng set a good example to us all.（23）stand短語(yǔ)：
stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人
stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/擁護(hù)，為……的候選人
stand out 突出，顯眼
stand up 起立，站起來(lái)
stand still = stay still 站著不動(dòng) 例如：
CPC stands for the Communist Party of China.Stand still, and let me take a picture of you.（24）take短語(yǔ)：
take after 與某人相像
take along 帶領(lǐng)，攜帶
take … apart = separate … 把……分開
take away 拿走，拿去，使離開
take away from… 從……帶／拿走
take back 退回，拿回，收回
take down 拿下，記下，記錄
take for… 當(dāng)作……，誤以為是……
take in 吸收，接納，上當(dāng)
take off（飛機(jī)）起飛，脫掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，開始流行/暢銷
take on 呈現(xiàn)
take over 繼承，接管，接替
take out 拿出，取出
take up 從事，開始，專注于，占去（時(shí)間、空間、地位等）take a bank loan 向銀行貸款
take a bath 洗澡
take a chance / chances 碰運(yùn)氣，冒險(xiǎn)
take a critical attitude towards… 對(duì)……持批判態(tài)度
take a few deep breaths 深呼吸
take / have a degree in … 取得……學(xué)位 take a hands-on approach to education 通過(guò)動(dòng)手實(shí)踐的方式來(lái)進(jìn)行接受教育 take a message(to sb)（給某人）捎個(gè)口信
比較：leave a message(to sb)（給某人）留個(gè)口信
take a photo(of …)（給……）照相，拍（……）照片 take a risk / risks 冒險(xiǎn)
take a shower 沐浴，洗澡 take a sip 呡一小口
take a taxi to...= go to...by taxi 乘出租車
take a walk / ride / holiday 散步／兜風(fēng)／休假 take(an)interest in … 對(duì)……感興趣
（比較：be into = be interested in 對(duì)……感興趣 have / show interest in 對(duì)……感興趣）
take advantage of 對(duì)……加以利用
take … by surprise 對(duì)……突然襲擊，出乎……意料 take care 小心, 注意
take effect 生效，奏效
take care of 照顧，照看
take exercise 運(yùn)動(dòng)，活動(dòng)
take … for example 以……為例
take / get / catch hold of 握住，抓住 take it easy 放心好了，別著急，從容，不緊張 take...into consideration 顧及，考慮到，體諒
（比較：under consideration 在考慮中，在研究中）take lessons 上課
take notes 做筆記，做記錄
take notice of 注意
take one’s seat 就座，坐在自己位子上（轉(zhuǎn)義為就職）
take one’s time 從容，不急，慢慢行動(dòng) [比較：take time 花費(fèi)（時(shí)間）] take part 參加
（比較：take part in… = join in… = participate in… 參加……
take an active part in… 積極參加……）
take place 發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，舉行
[比較：take the place of … = take sb’s place 取代，代替（某人的位臵）] take pride in …= be proud of… 對(duì)……感到自豪
take responsibility for … = be responsible for … 對(duì)……負(fù)起責(zé)任 take sb in the arms 擁抱，摟抱
take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虜某人
（比較：sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虜）take sb seriously 看重某人
take sb some time to do sth 花費(fèi)某人……時(shí)間去做某事 take sb’s temperature 給某人量體溫
take shelter 躲避
take sth along with sb 隨身攜帶某物
take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人
take steps / measures / action to do sth 采取措施做某事，采?。ā模┬袆?dòng) take turns to do sth / in doing sth 輪流做某事 例如：
I’m sorry.I’ll take back what I said.Take care!The car is coming.My plane takes off at 11:00 sharp.We can’t have such a big table in this small room.It takes up too much room.（25）think短語(yǔ)：
think about 思考，考慮（是否去做）
think of 想到，想起，認(rèn)為，對(duì)……有看法/想法 think out 想出
think over 仔細(xì)考慮
think through… 思考……直到得出結(jié)論 think up 提出，想出，設(shè)計(jì)出
think twice 再三考慮，仔細(xì)考慮
think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for 對(duì)……高度評(píng)價(jià) 例如：
I’m sorry.I can’t think out your name.When I was in the States, I often thought of my friend Li Hua.Think it over, and you’ll find a way.（26）turn短語(yǔ)：
turn against 轉(zhuǎn)而反對(duì)，背叛
turn around / round 轉(zhuǎn)身，轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái)
turn … away 趕走……，辭退……，把……打發(fā)走
turn on 打開（燈，氣，水，電器等）turn off 關(guān)掉（燈，氣，水，電器等）
turn up 把音量開大，卷起，翻起，發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，到達(dá) turn down 關(guān)小/調(diào)低（音量／熱度），拒絕 turn over 把……翻過(guò)來(lái)，翻動(dòng)，犁翻（土地），細(xì)想 turn in 交進(jìn)，上繳，歸還
turn into 變成 turn…into… 把……變成……，轉(zhuǎn)變成 turn out 結(jié)果是，生產(chǎn)
turn right / left 向右/向左拐 例如：
Those who were once for him have turned against him.Turn in everything captured（繳獲的）.I’m going to turn my garage into a playroom for the children.Be sure to turn off the lights when you leave the room.Shall I turn on the bath water for you? He turned the meat over in the pan（平底鍋）.They always turn to me when they are in trouble.His attention turned to the pretty young girl.Turn the radio down a little.I can scarcely hear the program.He turned the coat collar（衣領(lǐng)）up because of the wind.Something will turn up to get you out of the difficulty.turn to… 轉(zhuǎn)向……，向……求助，查閱 turn out to be 被證明是, 結(jié)果是
turn writer = become a writer 成為作家
2．以介詞或副詞為中心的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)（便于強(qiáng)化記憶）
（l）動(dòng)詞+about
speak／talk about 談?wù)?/p>
think about 思考
care about 關(guān)心，對(duì)……有興趣
bring about 引起，使發(fā)生 set about 著手，開始 come about 發(fā)生
hear about 聽(tīng)說(shuō)
worry about 為……擔(dān)心（2）動(dòng)詞+at
aim at 向……瞄準(zhǔn)，旨在 run at 沖向，向……攻擊 call at 拜訪(地點(diǎn))tear at 用力撕 look at 看，注視
work at 干……活動(dòng)（研究）come at 向……襲擊 shout at 沖(某人)嚷嚷
stare at 凝視 glare at 怒視
glance at 匆匆一瞥 laugh at 嘲笑
knock at 敲（門、窗等）point at 指向
smile at 沖（某人）笑 strike at 向……打擊
shoot at 向……射擊
wonder at 驚訝
（3）動(dòng)詞+away die away 逐漸消失
put away 收拾起來(lái)，存起來(lái)
pass away 去世 wash away 沖走
take away 拿走
give away 背棄，泄漏
send away 讓走開
turn away 把……打發(fā)走
wear away 磨掉，消耗 throw away 扔掉 blow away 吹走
carry away 拿走，使入迷 clear away 清除掉，消散
break away 擺脫
（4）動(dòng)詞+back
keep back 隱瞞，忍住 hold back 控制住 give back 歸還
call back 回電話
take back 拿回，收回
look back(on)回顧
（5）動(dòng)詞+down cut down 削減，砍倒
put down 記下，寫下，鎮(zhèn)壓 take down 記下，記錄 turn down 調(diào)小，拒絕
slow down 慢下來(lái) pass down 傳下來(lái) calm down 平靜下來(lái)
burn down 燒毀
tear down 拆毀，拆除
come down 下落，傳下
break down 壞了，垮了，分解
bring down 使……降低，使倒下
settle down 安家（6）動(dòng)詞+from die from 因……而死 hear from 收到……來(lái)信 learn from 向……學(xué)習(xí)differ from 與……不同 suffer from 受……苦
result from 由于
separate…from 把……分離開
keep／stop／prevent…from 不讓……做
date from=date back to 始于……時(shí)期，追溯到
（7）動(dòng)詞+for run for 競(jìng)選
ask for 要求得到
beg for 乞求
wait for 等候
look for 尋找
call for 需要，要求 hunt for 尋找
long for 渴望 care for 關(guān)心，喜歡 seek for 尋找
come for 來(lái)拿，來(lái)取
apply for 申請(qǐng)
stand for 代表，表示
search for 查找
change…for 用……換 charge…for 收費(fèi)，要價(jià)
take…for 誤以為……是
hope/wish for 希望得到
（8）動(dòng)詞十in get in 收獲，進(jìn)入
fill in 填寫 cut in 插入
join in 參加
look in 來(lái)訪，參觀 hand in 上交 drop in 拜訪 give in 讓步
take in 接納，吸收 call in 召集，來(lái)訪
bring in 引進(jìn)，使得到收入 break in 強(qiáng)制進(jìn)入，插話 result in 導(dǎo)致
succeed in 在……獲成功 persist in 堅(jiān)持
（9）動(dòng)詞十into run into 碰到
look into 研究，調(diào)查，往里面看
burst into 闖入，進(jìn)發(fā) turn into 變成
change…into 把……變成 divide…into 把……分成 put／translate…into 把……譯成（l0）動(dòng)詞+of die of 死于
talk of 談到 hear of 聽(tīng)說(shuō)
think of 想到
dream of 夢(mèng)到
speak of 談到
consist of 由……組成
approve of 贊成 complain of 抱怨
become of 發(fā)生……情況，怎么啦（l1）動(dòng)詞+out go out 熄滅 set out 出發(fā)，著手 try out 試用，試驗(yàn) put out 撲滅 run out 用完
let out 泄漏，發(fā)出(聲音)pick out 選出
hold out 堅(jiān)持下去
wear out 穿破，使……疲勞 make out 理解，看清楚 keep out(of)使不進(jìn)入，擋住 find out 查出，弄明白 work out 算出，想出辦法等 send out 發(fā)出，派遣 give out 散發(fā)，分發(fā)，用完 look out 當(dāng)心，提防 hand out 散發(fā)，分發(fā) help out 救助 turn out 結(jié)果是，生產(chǎn) come out 出版，出來(lái) cross out 劃掉 burst out 進(jìn)發(fā) carry out 執(zhí)行 break out 爆發(fā) point out 指出 figure out 算出
bring out 闡明，使表現(xiàn)出 leave out 省略，刪掉 speak out 大膽講出（l2）動(dòng)詞+over go over 審閱，檢查，研究 get over 克服
run over 壓死，看一遍 take over 接管，接替 turn over 翻倒，細(xì)想 fall over 跌倒，摔倒 roll over 翻滾 look over 翻閱，檢查 think over 仔細(xì)考慮 watch over 看守，照看（l3）動(dòng)詞十to add to 增添
get to 到達(dá)
see to 處理，料理
turn to 向……求助，查閱 come to 共計(jì)，蘇醒 lead to 導(dǎo)致，通向 reply to 答復(fù)
refer to 談到，涉及，參閱 bring to 使蘇醒 agree to 同意
object to 反對(duì) point to 指向
write to 寫信給
relate to 理解，同情，涉及，（與……）有關(guān) attend to 處理 belong to 屬于
supply…to 為……提供
devote…to 貢獻(xiàn)給
stick／hold／keep to 堅(jiān)持，忠于 compare…to 與……相比，把……比作（l4）三詞以上的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 do well in 在……干得好 make up for 彌補(bǔ) look down on / upon 輕視 break away from 擺脫
keep away from 避開，別靠近
do away with 廢除
put up with 忍受
catch up with = keep up with 趕上 fill up with 用……裝滿 go on with 繼續(xù)
get on / along with 和……相處 look forward to 盼望 look up to 仰望，尊敬 add up to 總計(jì)
live up to 依據(jù)……行事；做到；不辜負(fù)（期望）get close to 接近
get down to 認(rèn)真開始 set fire to 放火燒 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 訪問(wèn)
take / get / catch hold of 握住 run out of 用完 get out of 逃避，避免 take notice of 注意 take a photo of 拍……照片 take the place of 取代
set an example to 為……樹立榜樣
3、其他常用短語(yǔ)（按字母表順序）
（1）Aa a balance diet 均衡飲食
a best-seller 暢銷書
a bit = a little = a little bit 少許，一點(diǎn)兒，有點(diǎn)兒，稍微 a bit of 一點(diǎn)，少量（修飾不可數(shù)名詞）
[ 比較：a few 一些，少量（修飾可數(shù)名詞）
a great deal of 許多（修飾不可數(shù)名詞）
a great / good many = scores of 許多，大量（修飾可數(shù)名詞）a handful of 一把，少量的，少數(shù)（修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞）a large / great amount of = large amounts of 許多（修飾不可數(shù)名詞）
a large quantity of = large quantities of 許多（修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞）a lot of = lots of 許多（修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞）
a mass of = masses of 大量，許多（修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞）
a(large / great)number of = large / huge numbers of 大量的，許多（修飾可數(shù)名詞）
plenty of 大量的，很多，足夠的（修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞）
a bunch of flowers 一束花
a cloud of 一團(tuán) a couple of 一對(duì)/雙，兩三個(gè)，一些，幾個(gè) a couple of days / weeks 兩三天/周a cup of 一杯 a day or two = one or two days 一兩天 a deserted island 荒島 a healthy diet = a diet of healthy food(s)健康的飲食 a highly-developed country 高度發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家
a kind of 一種，一類
a laid-off worker 下崗工人 a large sum of money 一大筆錢
a list of 一張……的清單
a natural disaster 自然災(zāi)害 a pair of 一雙，一副
a row of 一排，一行
a set of 一套，一副
a length of … 長(zhǎng)……
a live concert 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的音樂(lè)會(huì)
a packet of 一盒，一捆，一包
a piece of 一件，一塊，一張
a series of 一系列的，一連串，一套 a shortage of teachers 教師資源的缺乏
a total failure 一個(gè)徹底的失敗者 a two-day trip 一次兩天的旅行
a third of = one third of 三分之一 a total of 總數(shù)（量）為
a variety of = varieties of = various 種種的，種類繁多的
a waste of(time)白費(fèi)(時(shí)間)，浪費(fèi)(時(shí)間)a man of name 知名人士
a world of magic and wonders 充滿魔力和神奇的世界 after all 畢竟，終究
after a time 一段時(shí)間以后
after a short while 不久以后，沒(méi)多久 after class / work / school 下課/下班/放學(xué)之后 all at once = all of a sudden 突然，忽然 all in all 總共，總的來(lái)說(shuō) all night long 整夜，通宵
all over 到處，遍及，結(jié)束
all alone = all by oneself 獨(dú)自，獨(dú)立
all day = all day long 全天，終日
all kinds / sorts of 各種各樣的 all one’s life 終身，一生
all over the world / country = throughout the world / country 整個(gè)世界/全國(guó)
all right 好吧，行了，（?。┖昧?all the same 一樣，同樣的all the best 祝一切順利，萬(wàn)事如意
all the time 一直
all the way 一路上，一直
all together 一起，總共
all(the)year round = all through the year= throughout the year 一年四季，一年到頭 an invitation to… 一張……的請(qǐng)柬/請(qǐng)貼 an expert on … ……方面的專家 as a consequence / result 結(jié)果，因此
as a consequence / result of 作為（……的）結(jié)果，由于……的結(jié)果 as a whole 普遍來(lái)說(shuō)，作為整體
as … as 像，如同
as … as possible = as…as one can 盡可能……地
as far as（表示程度，范圍）就/盡……（=so far as），遠(yuǎn)至
as far as I know 就我所知，據(jù)我所知 as follows如下（用以列舉事項(xiàng)）
as if = as though 好像，似乎，仿佛（比較：even if = even though 雖然，即使，盡管）as long as 只要（= so long as引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句），長(zhǎng)達(dá)
as much / many as 多達(dá)
as soon as possible 盡快，盡可能早地
as soon as 一……就……
as to / for 至于，關(guān)于，就……而言
as usual 像往常一樣
as well 也/還有(= too)，同樣地，例外 as well as = together with = and 也，以及，和，還，而且 as with...也一樣，就像……
at all 根本（否定句），到底（疑問(wèn)句），竟然（條件從句）at a loss 茫然，不知所措
at an early age 年輕時(shí) at any moment / time 隨時(shí)
[ 比較：after a moment = after a while / minute 過(guò)了一會(huì)兒
a moment ago = just now 剛才，不久以前
a moment later 片刻之后 at the moment = at the time 此刻，現(xiàn)在，在那時(shí)
at the very moment 就在那一剎那
for a moment = for a while / minute 一會(huì)兒
for the moment = for the time being 暫時(shí)，目前
in a moment = in a while /minute / second 過(guò)一會(huì)兒，立刻，馬上 the moment / minute(that)...一……就 ……]
at any risk 不顧一切
[比較：at risk 處于危險(xiǎn)中
at the risk of(doing sth)冒著（可能做某事）的危險(xiǎn)
take / run a risk / risks 冒險(xiǎn)
risk one’s life(to do sth)冒著生命危險(xiǎn)（做某事）
risk doing sth 冒險(xiǎn)做某事）] at birth 出生時(shí)，一生下來(lái)就 at hand近在手邊，在附近
at breakfast 在吃早飯
at home 在家
at last 終于，最后 at midnight 在半夜 at noon 在中午
(at)home and abroad 在國(guó)內(nèi)外
at length 最后，終于，詳細(xì)地
at night 在夜里，天黑時(shí)
at once = right away = right now 馬上，立即 at one go 一口氣
at present = at the present time 現(xiàn)在, 目前 at sea 在海上，航海中，茫然（比較：by sea 乘船
by the sea 在海邊
in the sea 在海里
on the sea 在海面上）
at stake 在危險(xiǎn)中
at such a great height 在如此高的高度 at table 在吃飯（比較：at the table 在桌前）
at times 偶爾，有時(shí)
（比較：at that time 那時(shí)
at the same time = meanwhile 同時(shí)
at the correct / wrong / best time of year 在一年里合適/不合適/最佳時(shí)候）at various academic levels 不同的學(xué)術(shù)層次
at war 處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)/交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)
at work 忙于工作
at the age of...在……歲的時(shí)候
at the art festival 在藝術(shù)節(jié)上，在藝術(shù)節(jié)期間 at the base 在底部
at the(very)beginning of...在……開始時(shí)，在……之初
at the bottom of 在……下端/底部
at the cost of 以……為代價(jià) at the end of 在……末端，到……結(jié)束時(shí) at the foot of 在……的腳下 at the head of 在……最前面 at the latest 最遲
at the front desk 在前臺(tái)，在服務(wù)臺(tái)
at a high /low price 以高/低價(jià)
at(the)least 至少 [比較：at(the)most 最多]
at the mercy of 任由……擺布/控制，在……的掌握中
at the opening /closing(ceremony)of...在……開/閉幕式上 at the rate of 以……的比率
at the side of 在……的旁邊 at the speed of 以……速度（比較：at full / high speed 高速）at the top of one’s voice 大聲地
at the weekend 在周末
accept … as… 認(rèn)為……是……，承認(rèn)……是……，把……當(dāng)作…… [比較：regard … as… 認(rèn)為……是
treat … as…把…… 當(dāng)作
recognize … as… 認(rèn)為……是……
view / see / know … as… 認(rèn)為……是……
consider … as … / consider …(to be…)認(rèn)為……是……
look on … as… 視……為
refer to … as… 把……視為
think of… as… / think …(to be…)認(rèn)為……是……] accept sb’s apology 接受某人的道歉
accuse sb of sth / doing sth 指控某人為……/ 做某事 achieve one’s goal 達(dá)到目的 achieve success 獲得成功 act as 擔(dān)任，充當(dāng)
adapt oneself to 使自己適應(yīng)于
add to 增加，添加
add up 加起來(lái)
adjust to（調(diào)整以）適應(yīng)
adapt to（改變以）適應(yīng)
adapt to the new environment 適應(yīng)新環(huán)境
add …to… 把……加到……上
add up to 總計(jì)達(dá)到
adjust to these extreme conditions 適應(yīng)極限條件
admire sb as… 欽佩某人是……
admire sb for… 欽佩某人的……，因……欽佩某人 advance the deadline 提前最后期限
advise sb to do sth 建議某人做某事
advance towards… 朝……前進(jìn)
agree with sb / sb’s opinion / sb’s idea 同意某人（意見(jiàn)，看法），與某人看法一致 [ 比較：agree on sth 對(duì)……達(dá)成共識(shí)
agree to(the plan)同意（計(jì)劃等）] aim at 向……瞄準(zhǔn)，旨在，針對(duì) answer for… 對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)
allow for 顧及，為……做準(zhǔn)備
apologize to sb(for sth)= make an apology to sb(for sth)（因某事）向某人道歉 appeal to 有吸引力，呼吁，上訴
appeal to their emotions 投合他們的喜好 apply for 申請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求
apply to 應(yīng)用，適用
appoint sb as… 任命某人當(dāng)…… approve of 贊成 argue about 爭(zhēng)論某事
argue with sb about sth 因某事和某人爭(zhēng)執(zhí)/爭(zhēng)論
arrive in / at 到達(dá)某地
ask after sb 問(wèn)候某人
ask for 要求得到
ask for a day off 請(qǐng)一天假 ask for a leave 請(qǐng)假
associate…with… 把……與……聯(lián)系起來(lái) attach to 加在……之上，使喜愛(ài)，使依戀，參加，附著 attempt to do sth 試圖做某事 attend the meeting 出席會(huì)議
attend school / university 上學(xué)/上大學(xué) attend to 處理，照顧，關(guān)照，傾聽(tīng)
attract / draw / call sb’s attention 吸引某人注意 above all 首要的是，尤其是
according to 根據(jù) action film / movie 動(dòng)作片
advanced mathematics 高等數(shù)學(xué)
again and again 一次又一次，一再，反復(fù) against the wall 靠著墻
ahead of… 優(yōu)于，超過(guò)，比……早，在……的前面 alarm clock 鬧鐘
along with… 和……一起 and so on 等等
another day 改天
and things like that ……之類的東西 any more 再，又apart from 除……都，除……以外
around the corner 在拐角處，即將來(lái)臨
（比較：on the way = in store 即將來(lái)臨
draw near 即將來(lái)臨，就要來(lái)臨，逼近）（2）Bb
be after 尋找，追蹤，追求
be from 從……來(lái)，是……人 be off / leaving 離開
be out of 沒(méi)有，用完
be up against 面對(duì)
be /act against 違背，違反，反對(duì) be next to 在……隔壁，緊挨著…… be out（燈火）熄滅，（人）外出 be up 起床
be up to sb 由某人決定
be up to sth 忙于某事，從事于
be upon 逼近，臨近be anxious about … 為……而憂慮/著急/擔(dān)心
（比較：be anxious for … 渴望，非常希望
be concerned about / for… 為……而憂慮/著急/擔(dān)心
be concerned about / with… 對(duì)……關(guān)切/關(guān)注/感興趣）be careful about / of / with sth 注意，留意，當(dāng)心 [比較：be careful(not)to do sth 小心（不）做某事] be clear about 對(duì)……清楚
be crazy about 對(duì)……著迷 be curious about = have the curiosity about 對(duì)……感到好奇
be excited about 對(duì)…… 感到興奮 be amazed at 為……感到驚訝
be present at 出席
be particular about 對(duì)……挑剔 be experienced at 對(duì)……有經(jīng)驗(yàn)
be shocked at 對(duì)……感到震驚
be common for 對(duì)……來(lái)說(shuō)是很普通的
be eager for … = long for… = be dying for… 渴望得到……（比較：be eager to do sth 急著想做某事）be famous for 因……而聞名，由于……而出名（比較：be famous as 作為……而聞名
be famous to 對(duì)……來(lái)說(shuō)很出名）
be fit for = be suitable for 適合
be good / bad for sb 對(duì)……有好處/壞處
（比較：be good at 善于……，擅長(zhǎng)于……，在……方面做得好
be good to sb 對(duì)某人友好
do good to sb = do sb good 對(duì)某人有好處
do harm to sb = do sb harm = harm sb = be harmful to sb 對(duì)某人有害，傷害某人）
be honored for… 因……受到尊敬
be intended for 為了 be late for 遲到（比較：be late with sth 某事做得晚）be to blame for 因……受到責(zé)備
be carved in rock 被刻在巖石上
be caught in(a rain / a traffic jam / the earthquake)突然/偶然遇到（雨/交通堵塞/地震）be confident in 在……方面自信
be effective in 在……方面有效
be fluent in(a language)在（某一門語(yǔ)言）方面很流利
be lost in = lose oneself in 沉浸于，沉醉于be poor / low in 在……方面不足 be quick in mind and action 思維敏捷行動(dòng)迅速
be rich / high in 在……方面豐富
be set in 以……為背景 be strong in heart and mind 意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，頭腦聰明
be trapped in 被困在……（比較：be trapped by 被……所困）
be afraid of = be terrified of 害怕，恐懼（比較：be afraid to do 害怕去做，不敢做）be ashamed of 為……感到羞愧/慚愧
be aware of 意識(shí)到，知道
be fond of = care for = like = enjoy 愛(ài)好，喜歡
be full of = be filled with 充滿了，裝滿 be short of = be lacking in 缺乏，缺少 be uncertain of / about 對(duì)……沒(méi)把握
be addicted to 沉溺于
be jealous of 嫉妒
be sure of / about 對(duì)……有把握 be accustomed to(doing)sth習(xí)慣于……
be loyal to = be faithful to = be devoted to 忠誠(chéng)于 be opened to 向……開放
be reduced to 30% 減少到百分之30%（指最后的結(jié)果）
[比較：be reduced by 30% 減少了百分之30%（指與原來(lái)相對(duì)而言）] be similar to 與……相似，與……相像 be armed with 以……武裝
be busy with sth 忙于某事
（比較：be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth 忙于某事
be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事）
be covered with / by 被……所覆蓋
be crowded with 擠/塞滿了…… be diagnosed with 被診斷為
be equipped with 具有，裝有……設(shè)備，為……做好準(zhǔn)備
be faced with 面臨……，面對(duì)……
be fed up with 對(duì)……感到厭倦
be mean with 對(duì)……吝嗇
be familiar with 對(duì)……很熟悉
be honest with 對(duì)……誠(chéng)實(shí)
be angry with sb for sth 因某事生某人的氣 be burdened with 為……所累
be pleased / satisfied with 對(duì)……感到滿意
（比較：be content with 對(duì)……感到滿意，滿足于……
be content to do sth 愿意做某事）
be popular with 受到……的歡迎
be pressed with 被刻印/鑄壓上
be strict with sb 對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格要求（比較：be strict in sth 對(duì)某事嚴(yán)格要求）be surrounded with / by 被……圍繞
be about to do sth 正要做某事
be delighted to do sth 高興做某事
be determined to do = determine / decide to do sth 決心做……
be due to do sth 預(yù)定/到期應(yīng)該做某事（比較：due to sth 因?yàn)?由于……）be forced to do sth 被迫做某事
be likely to do sth 很有可能做某事
be willing to do = like to do 愿意做某事 be absent from 缺席，曠課
be free to do sth 任意去做，悉聽(tīng)尊便
be supposed to do 被認(rèn)為/被期望/應(yīng)該做某事 be able to do 能，會(huì)
be asleep 睡著（比較：be awake 醒著）
be awarded a Nobel Prize 獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)
be badly off 潦倒，貧困（比較：be well off 富有）be badly treated 受到虐待
be / become endangered 頻臨危險(xiǎn) be in contact with 與……有交往
（比較：make contact with 與……聯(lián)絡(luò)
lose / break contact with 與……失去聯(lián)系
lose touch with = be out of touch with 與……失去聯(lián)系
be in touch with = stay / keep in touch with 與……保持聯(lián)系 get in touch with = get into contact with sb 與……取得聯(lián)系 bring … into touch with 使……接觸，使……認(rèn)識(shí)
keep track of… 與……保持聯(lián)系，了解……的動(dòng)態(tài)，記錄……）
be in possession of = take possession of 持有，擁有，占有，占領(lǐng)
be born 出生，出世（比較：be in sb’s possession = be in the possession of sb 被某人占有/擁有
come into sb’s possession 被某人占有/擁有）be in the charge of 在某人的掌管下，由某人經(jīng)營(yíng)/照顧（比較：be in charge of 掌管，管理，照顧）
be mentally disturbed 精神失常
be of benefit 有利的，有好處的be of(no)effect 有（無(wú)）效
be of different sizes / weights / shapes 大小不一/重量不同/形狀各異（比較：be of the same size / weight / shape 大小/重量/形狀相同）be of great importance / value 非常重要，有重要性
be of high / good quality 高質(zhì)量的（比較：be of poor quality 質(zhì)量糟糕的）be of(no)use 有（無(wú)）用
be stressed out 緊張的，有壓力的 be well received 很受歡迎
be on good terms(with sb)與某人關(guān)系好 be upset 沮喪，傷心
be(well)worth doing（很）值得做
[比較：be worthy of sth / of being done / to be done 值得（做）……] by accident = by chance 偶然地, 碰巧，意外
by air / boat / bus / train 乘坐飛機(jī)/小船/公共汽車/火車 by and by 不久以后，逐漸地
by appointment 按約定 by choice 出于選擇（比較：for choice 要選就選）
by day / night 白天/ 晚上
by fax 通過(guò)傳真
by force 靠武力
by hand = with one’s hands 手工
by law 根據(jù)法律
by mail 通過(guò)郵寄
by means of(doing)sth 通過(guò)，借助于……手段（比較：by all means = in all ways 不惜一切
by no means = in no way 決不，一點(diǎn)也不
by this means = in this way 用這種方法）
by mistake = in error 由于錯(cuò)誤或疏忽，錯(cuò)誤地
by weight 按重量計(jì)算（比較：by the hour / day 按小時(shí)/天計(jì)算）by the end of 到……結(jié)束為止，到……底為止 by the nearest exit 從最近的出口出去
by the side of 在……附近
by the time 到……的時(shí)候（后接狀語(yǔ)從句）by the way 順便說(shuō)，順便問(wèn)一下
[ 比較：by way of … 經(jīng)由，經(jīng)過(guò), 通過(guò)……的方法
in a way = in one way = in some way 在某種程度上
in no way 決不, 一點(diǎn)也不 in the / sb’s way 擋道，妨礙
in this / that way 以這種/那種方式，這樣／那樣 in … way = in the way of 以……的方式 this / that way 這樣/那樣（直接做狀語(yǔ)）
on one’s way here / there / home(adv.)在（到這里/去那里/回家）的路上 on one’s way to doing sth 即將做某事
on one’s way to someplace(n.)在去某地的路上 on the way 在路上，在來(lái)/去的行進(jìn)中 on the way home 在回家的路上，即將來(lái)臨 out of the way 不擋道
feel one’s way 摸索著道路（前進(jìn)）
fight one’s way 掙扎著前進(jìn)，經(jīng)（奮斗或努力）開路或獲得（某事物）
find one’s way to 設(shè)法找到去……的路 lose one’s way 迷路
make one’s way to 朝……走去 push one’s way 擠過(guò)去
struggle one’s way 艱難地行進(jìn)] base on sth 以……為基礎(chǔ)（比較：be based on / upon 以……為基礎(chǔ)）beg for 乞求
become of 發(fā)生……情況，怎么啦 believe in 信賴，信任，信仰(真理，宗教，原則)，支持，贊成 bend over 彎腰，俯身
benefit from = profit by / from 從……吸取教訓(xùn)，從……中獲益 blow away 吹走
blow the fire off 熄火，把火吹滅
blow out 吹滅
brush one’s teeth 刷牙
build up 逐步建立，增進(jìn)，增加，加強(qiáng)，擴(kuò)大
burden sb / oneself with sth 加負(fù)擔(dān)于某人 / 自己 burn down 燒毀，燒成平地
burn down… to the ground 把……燒成平地 burn up 消耗，燒掉
burst into 闖入，突然破門而入 burst into sth = burst out doing 迸發(fā)，突然而猛烈地產(chǎn)生某種情況（比較：burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑起來(lái)
burst into tears 眼淚奪眶而出
burst into cheers 突然歡呼）
burst out(doing)迸發(fā)出來(lái)，突然開始（做）
bed time 就寢時(shí)間
Beijing Opera 京劇
before long 不久以后（比較：long before 很久以前）belong to sb / sth 屬于某人/某事 below / above zero 零度以下/上 body building 健美
boiled water 開水
business hours 營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間
but for 如果不是，倘若不是
body language 身勢(shì)語(yǔ)
both … and … 兩個(gè)都，既……又…… bus station / stop 汽車站/公共汽車站
Better late than never.遲做總比不做好。
（3）Cc calculate the distance between… 計(jì)算出……的距離
calm down平靜，鎮(zhèn)定
can’t help but do sth 忍不住做某事 can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事，情不自禁做某事
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
care about 對(duì)……感興趣，關(guān)心，擔(dān)心
card games 紙牌游戲
（比較：care for 喜歡，關(guān)懷，照顧，照料
care for sb to do sth 愿意某人做
care to do sth 愿意做）
carry away 拿走，使入迷
carry on 繼續(xù)進(jìn)行，堅(jiān)持下去
carry off 奪走，攜走
carry on research 進(jìn)行研究
carry out(an experiment / a plan / an order / a survey)開展或執(zhí)行（實(shí)驗(yàn)/計(jì)劃/命令/調(diào)查）cast away 拋棄
catch a glimpse of 瞥見(jiàn) catch fire = be on fire 著火，開始燃燒
catch / find sb doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)/發(fā)覺(jué)某人正在做某事
cause damage to… 對(duì)……造成破壞
cell phone 移動(dòng)電話，手機(jī) centre on / upon… 將……當(dāng)做重點(diǎn)或中心（比較：centre / concentrate / fasten / fix / focus one’s attention on 把注意力集中于）chain stores 連鎖店
change A for B 用A換B change A into B 把A變成B，把A轉(zhuǎn)換成B change one’s mind 改變主意
charge… for 收費(fèi)，要價(jià)
charge sth with… 使某事物充滿……（情感）（比較：be charged with 充滿……）
chat on line 網(wǎng)上聊天
check in 登記，報(bào)到 check out 查明，核查，結(jié)帳
check information 審核情況
cheer sb on 為某人加油
cheer sb up 使某人高興起來(lái)，使某人振作起來(lái) chemical factory 化工廠
child laborer 童工
Christmas card / tree / Eve 圣誕卡/樹/前夕 classical music 古典音樂(lè) classify … into … 把……分類成…… clean out 清除，打掃干凈 clear away 清除掉，消散，清除打掃，整理
clear up 打掃衛(wèi)生，梳理整齊，（天氣）放晴，露出喜悅的表情 close friends 密友
close up（尤指暫時(shí)）關(guān)閉，使靠近
close down 倒閉 close to 靠近，接近
commit the / a combine…with… 把……和……結(jié)合起來(lái) comment on / upon… 對(duì)……進(jìn)行評(píng)論 crime 犯罪
common sense 常識(shí)，情理
communicate sth to sb 使某事物被人知曉，傳送某事物給某人
communicate with… 與……交流/聯(lián)絡(luò) compare notes 交換意見(jiàn)，交流看法 compare … to… 把……比作…
compete against… 與……相對(duì)抗
compete in 參加（競(jìng)賽）
compare with … 與……相比
compete for… 為……而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
compete with… 與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)/比賽
computer / video games 電子游戲 complain of 抱怨……
congratulate sb on sth 祝賀某人某事
connect to 連接，相連（比較：be connected to 與……有關(guān)系）
connect with … 與……相連接
contribute to 有利于，貢獻(xiàn)，捐款給，為……投稿 cool off 變涼，冷卻，冷
copy sb’s example 仿照某人，照某人的樣子做 cover an entire continent 覆蓋整個(gè)大陸
cover the events 采訪事件，報(bào)道事件
create a positive / negative effect 產(chǎn)生積極/消極的作用/影響 cross out 劃掉
crowd around（許多人）圍著
cultural relics / sites 文化古跡
current affairs 時(shí)事
Cheer up.振作起來(lái)。提起精神。
Come on!來(lái)！快呀！（4）Dd dance to the music 伴隨音樂(lè)起舞
date from = date back to 始于……時(shí)期，追溯到
day after day 日復(fù)一日（強(qiáng)調(diào)重復(fù)）day by day 一天天地（強(qiáng)調(diào)逐漸變化）day and night 日日夜夜地
deal with = do with 處理，解決，對(duì)付
depend on / upon = rely on / upon 依靠，依賴，信賴，靠……來(lái)決定 develop a lifelong friendship with sb 與某人成為終身朋友 develop the photos 沖洗照片
devote … to… 把……貢獻(xiàn)給……，獻(xiàn)身于……，專心于…… [比較：be devoted to(doing)sth 投身于
be devoted to sb 喜歡某人] die away 逐漸消失，減弱（以至感覺(jué)不到），淡化 die down 逐漸降低，減弱，消失，平息 die from 因……而死，死于（除了疾病或情感以外的原因，及某種具體疾?。?/p>
die of(illness, hunger, grief, etc.)因……而死，死于（疾病，饑餓，悲傷等情感內(nèi)因）
die off 一一死去，先后死去
die out = become extinct 滅絕，絕跡，消失
differ from = be different from 與……不同，區(qū)別于 dig up 挖出，掘起
dining room 餐廳 dip into sth 把……放入液體中，瀏覽，翻閱
display one’s deep sympathy 表達(dá)某人深切的同情
distinguish A from B 顯示A和B（兩者）的差別，使A和B有所不同（比較：distinguish between A and B 區(qū)別/辨別A 和B）
divide … into 把……分成，使……分隔開
divide up 分配
double one’s efforts 加倍努力 dozens of 幾十
draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論
draw back 后退
dream of 夢(mèng)到
draw attention to 對(duì)……表示注意 draw up 起草，擬定
dream of / about doing sth 夢(mèng)想做某事 dress up as… 打扮／裝飾成……
drink to sb / sth 為……而干杯或祝福 drop by 訪問(wèn)，拜訪
drop in on sb 順便拜訪某人 drop off 放下（某物），下車 drop sb a line 給某人寫短信
dress up 化裝打扮，喬裝打扮
drink a toast 祝酒
drive off 擊退, 把（車）開走 drop in 順便走訪，拜訪
drop in at sp 順便拜訪某地
drop out(of…)（從競(jìng)賽、活動(dòng)等）退出，輟學(xué) during the day 在白天
during / in the 1980s / 1980’s 20世紀(jì)80年代
during / in / throughout one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中
（5）Ee each other 互相，彼此（比較：one another 相互，彼此）earn / make / gain a / one’s living 謀生 earn / make money 掙錢，賺錢 eat up 吃完，吃光
either…or … 或者……或者……，要么……要么……
[比較：neither … nor … 既不……也不……
not…but… 不是……而是……
not only …but also… 不僅……而且……（前句用于句首時(shí)，須倒裝）] end up with … 以……結(jié)束/告終（比較：begin / start with 以……開始
close with 以……結(jié)束/告終
end up 結(jié)束，告終，最后得到……的結(jié)局/下場(chǎng) end in failure / prison 以失敗/坐牢而告終.end in a tie 以平局結(jié)束）
engage to sb 與某人訂婚
enjoy equal rights 享有平等權(quán)利
English-speaking countries 說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家 enjoy oneself 過(guò)得愉快，玩得開心
escape from 免于/逃脫……，從……泄露出 every day 每天
everyday use 日常使用 every few years 每隔幾年
（比較：every four years = every fourth year 每四年，每隔三年
every two years = every second year = every other year 每?jī)赡?，每隔一?every now and then 不時(shí)地
ever since 從……以來(lái)，從那時(shí)起except for 除了……之外
exist in 存在于……
exchange student 交換生
experience life 體驗(yàn)生活
experiment with 進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)
explain sth to sb = explain to sb sth 向某人解釋某事 express oneself 表達(dá)自己的意思
Everything / All goes well.一切順利。
Excuse me.對(duì)不起。
（6）Ff face to face 面對(duì)面(比較：hand in hand 手拉手，密切關(guān)聯(lián))
fail in doing sth 沒(méi)做成某事
fail to do sth 無(wú)法做某事 fall asleep 入睡（比較：fall ill 病了，患病，病倒)fall behind（成就，成績(jī)）落后于
fall down 摔下來(lái)，倒塌 fall in love with sb 愛(ài)上某人（比較：be in love with sb 與某人相愛(ài)）fall into 陷入，落入
fall off 跌落，下降
fall to / into pieces 垮臺(tái)，崩潰，解體，倒塌 family name 姓氏 fax machine 傳真機(jī) far from… 遠(yuǎn)離……
fall over 跌倒，摔倒
fairy tale 童話
family tree 家譜
far away 遙遠(yuǎn)，很遠(yuǎn)
fasten / tie … to… 把……栓/別在……上feast on sth 宴飲，盡情地享受…… feed … on 喂養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)（比較：feed on / upon … 以……為食）
feel down 感到悶悶不樂(lè)
feel like doing sth 想做某事
feel well / terrible / better / weak 感覺(jué)好/糟/好些/虛弱 fight against 與……作斗爭(zhēng)／打架／打仗
fight for sth 為……而斗爭(zhēng)，爭(zhēng)取獲得某事物
fight over 為……而戰(zhàn)，因……而爭(zhēng)吵/爭(zhēng)斗
fight sb / sth off 抗擊某人/某事物，擊退某人/某事物 fight with 與……并肩作戰(zhàn)
figure out 理解，想明白，算出
fill in 填空，填寫 fill out 把……填好
fill with 用……填充 fill A with B 把B裝進(jìn)A里，把A裝滿B fill up with… 用……裝滿
find out 獲知，查明，查出，弄明白，發(fā)現(xiàn)，了解 fire escapes 安全梯
fire exit 安全出口 first aid 急救
fish farms 漁場(chǎng) fit in 被他人接受，相處融洽
fit in(with sb / sth)與（某人/某事物）相適應(yīng)/相協(xié)調(diào) fix a time / date for 為……確定時(shí)間/日期 fix up 搭起，安裝，修理，修補(bǔ)
folk song 民歌 follow customs 隨俗，按照習(xí)慣
follow sb’s instructions 遵從某人的指示
follow the rules 按照規(guī)則去做
follow / take sb’s advice 聽(tīng)某人的勸告 forget about 忘記了
for a period of several weeks / months 在幾周/幾個(gè)月的一段時(shí)間里 for ever = for good 永遠(yuǎn)
for example = for instance 例如(比較：such as … 例如……，像……這樣)
for free = free of charge = without payment 免費(fèi)（比較：at one’s own charge / expense 自費(fèi)）
for once 就這/那一次
for the first time 第一次，初次，首先
for one thing…, for another 首先……，其次……
[比較：at first = in / at the beginning 起初，首先
at first sight 第一眼，乍一看，初見(jiàn)之下
first of all 第一，首先，最重要
in the first place（用于列舉理由時(shí)）首先，第一，原先
the first time 第一次，初次（后接狀語(yǔ)從句）] for the reason 因?yàn)?/p>
for the sake of 由于，為了……的利益，為了……起見(jiàn) free from 不受……的影響，沒(méi)有……的
from now on 從現(xiàn)在開始，今后
from then on = from that moment on 從那時(shí)起 from … to … 從……到……
from time to time 有時(shí)，不時(shí)，偶爾 from one country to another = from country to country 從一個(gè)國(guó)家到另一個(gè)國(guó)家 from one generation to another 一代接一代地 full dress 盛裝
further education 進(jìn)修，深造
（7）Gg gain weight = put on weight 發(fā)福，增加體重，增肥（比較：lose weight 減肥）
gas station 加油站
gift money 壓歲錢
generally speaking 總的來(lái)說(shuō)，一般來(lái)說(shuō) given / first name 名字 glare at 怒視
greenhouse effect 溫室效應(yīng)
grow up 生長(zhǎng)，長(zhǎng)大 glance at 匆匆一瞥
graduate from… 畢業(yè)于…… green tea 綠茶
grow up to be… 長(zhǎng)大后成為……
Good luck!祝你好運(yùn)！Good morning / afternoon / evening!早上/下午/晚上好?。?）Hh had better(do)最好（做）
hand down 流傳下去
hand in 交上去，提出，面交
hand out 散發(fā)，分發(fā)，發(fā)放 hang on 等一等，別掛電話
hang up 掛斷電話 hang out（俚語(yǔ)）閑逛
harmony with others 與其他人和睦相處，與其他人相處和諧 hear about / of 聽(tīng)說(shuō)，知道
hear from sb 收到某人來(lái)信
heart and soul 全心全意地
here and there 各處，處處，四處 help sb out 救助，幫助某人解決困難，幫助某人擺脫困境 help sb with sth 幫助某人做某事
high school 中學(xué)，高中
hit sb on the head / in the face 打某人的頭部/臉部 hold／keep / stick to 堅(jiān)持，忠于 home cooking 家常做法
hold together 連在一起，團(tuán)結(jié)一致 home village 家鄉(xiāng)
hope / wish for 希望得到，對(duì)……懷著希望 host the Olympic Games 主辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)
hour after hour 一小時(shí)又一小時(shí) how many / much 多少（可數(shù)名詞）/多少錢（或不可數(shù)名詞）how far 多遠(yuǎn)
how often 多久一次，多常
human being 人，人類
hunt animals 狩獵
how long多久 how old 幾歲
hundreds of 幾百，成百上千的 hunt for = search for 搜尋，尋找 Hands up.舉起手來(lái)。
How are you? 你（身體）好嗎？
hurry up 趕快，快點(diǎn)
Help oneself to sth 請(qǐng)隨便吃。
How do you do!你好！
How is it going? 情況怎么樣？ Here you are.給你。（比較： There you are.你來(lái)了。）
32（9）Ii ice cream 冰淇淋
iced tea 冰茶
ice skating 滑冰
ID card 身份證 if necessary = if it is necessary 如果需要的話
if only 要是……就好了（常用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣）impress on sb 給某人留下好印象
（比較：be impressed by / with 對(duì)……留下印象）
in a few days = in a few days’ time 幾天后 in a flash 立刻，很快，立即 in a hurry = hurriedly 匆忙地 in a slightest 一點(diǎn)也，根本
in a straight line 沿著直線
in a whisper 小聲地
in a good mood 心情好
in a row 一個(gè)接一個(gè)地，連續(xù)不斷地 in a … state 處在……的狀態(tài)/情況下 in a very short while 馬上，立刻
in a word 總之，簡(jiǎn)言之，一句話
（比較：in other words 換句話說(shuō)，換言之
in one’s own words 用自己的話說(shuō)）
in an act of revenge 作為報(bào)復(fù)
in all = in total = altogether 總共，總之 in class 在課堂上
in common 共同，共有 in condition = in good health 身體好，身體健康（比較：out of condition = in poor health身體不好 in bad / good condition 處于壞的/好的狀態(tài)）
in darkness 處于一片漆黑
in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)中
（比較：out of danger 脫離危險(xiǎn)
in danger of 面臨……的危險(xiǎn)）in debt 欠債
in demand 有需要的 in detail 詳細(xì)地
in disorder 混亂 in English 用英語(yǔ)（表達(dá)）
in fact = in reality = as a matter of fact事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上
in general 一般說(shuō)來(lái)，通常
in history 在歷史上 in hospital / prison / church 住院/坐牢/做禮拜 in … order = in order of 按順序
in order to do = so as to do 以便，為了，為的是（so as to do不臵于句首）
in peace = peacefully 安靜，寧?kù)o
in public 當(dāng)眾，公開地，公然，在公共場(chǎng)所 in return 作為回報(bào)（比較：in turn 轉(zhuǎn)而，反過(guò)來(lái)，輪流）in silence 安靜地，無(wú)聲地
in society 在社會(huì)上
in space 在太空（比較：in outer space 在外層空間，在外太空）in store 貯藏著，準(zhǔn)備著，就要來(lái)到
in style 流行的，時(shí)髦的
（比較：out of style = out of fashion = out of date 過(guò)時(shí)的 come into fashion = be in fashion 流行的）in surprise / astonishment 吃驚，驚訝地 in time 及時(shí)（比較：on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)）in trouble 處于困境中
in use 在使用中
in vain 徒勞，白辛苦
in chains（指囚犯）用鏈鎖住的，不自由，被囚禁
in ruins 成為廢墟
in tears 哭泣，掉淚 in other aspects 從其他方面
（比較：in terms of 就……而言
in large amounts 大批地，大量地
in the eyes of 在……看來(lái))
in anxiety of 擔(dān)心，擔(dān)憂 in case of 假使，以防
（比較：in case 萬(wàn)一，以免
in that case 既然那樣，假若是那樣的話）
in front of 在（某人/某物）前面（比較：in the front of 在……的前部
in front 在前方，在正對(duì)面）
in honour of 出于對(duì)……的敬意，為慶祝/紀(jì)念…… in praise of 稱贊，贊賞
in search of 尋找
in spite of = despite = regardless of 盡管，不管 in view of 鑒于，考慮到，由于
in want / need of … 需要，缺少…… in agreement with 與……意見(jiàn)一致
in conversation with 與……談話中 in harmony with 與……協(xié)調(diào)
in relation to 與……有關(guān)的 in reply to 回答，答復(fù)，回應(yīng)
in exchange for 交換，互換
in the direction of 朝……的方向（比較：in all directions 四面八方）
in the form of 以……的形式
in the heart of 在……的中心/核心部分 in the hope of(doing)sth 抱著（做某事）的希望
in the name of 以……的名義，代表（比較：name … after 給……取名，命名）in the process of 在……的過(guò)程中
in the day / daytime 在白天 in the end = at last = finally = eventually 最后，終于
in the future 在未來(lái)，將來(lái)（比較：in future 以后，今后）in / during / over the last / past ten years 在過(guò)去的十年 in the past = in the old days 在過(guò)去
in / during the rush hour 在交通高峰期 in ancient / modern times 在古代/現(xiàn)代 in the air 在空中
in the open air 在戶外
in the rain 在雨中，冒雨 in the shade 在陰涼處
in the sun 在太陽(yáng)下
in the wild 在野外，在自然環(huán)境下
in one’s(personal)opinion 依某人之見(jiàn)
in one’s teens 十幾歲時(shí)
in one’s youth 年輕時(shí)
information
instead of… 代替……，而不是……，作為……的替換（比較：rather than 而不是）
insist on sth / doing sth 堅(jiān)持某事/堅(jiān)持做某事
intend to do sth 打算做某事
intend sth for … 把某物供給……用（比較：sth be intended for… 供……用）involve sb in… 使某人參加，使某人陷入……（困境），使某人牽涉到……（比較：be involved in… 參與，有關(guān)聯(lián)，忙于某事）It depends.=That / It(all)depends.要看情況而定。
I dare say….我認(rèn)為……。我估計(jì)……。I’m sorry.對(duì)不起。10）Jj join hands 攜手，聯(lián)手，合伙
join in 參加，加入
join sb(in doing sth)和某人一起做某事 join the line 排隊(duì) join up 聯(lián)合起來(lái)
desk 問(wèn)訊處（judge sb by sth 依據(jù)某事物判斷某人，斷定，認(rèn)為（比較：be judged by 靠……來(lái)判斷）junk food 垃圾食品
just as 恰如 just now 剛才，現(xiàn)在just then 正在那時(shí)
just so-so 一般
（11）Kk kick the habit 戒除某嗜好
know about 對(duì)……了解
（12）L labor force 勞動(dòng)力
later on 后來(lái)，隨后，以后
lay down one’s life 獻(xiàn)出生命 lay the table 擺桌子
kind of 稍微，有點(diǎn)兒
know of 聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)
lack of sleep 缺少睡眠
laugh at 嘲笑，譏笑
lay off 解雇，不理會(huì)，使下崗
lead / have / live a cosy / an active life 過(guò)著舒適的/活躍的生活
lead sb to do sth = cause sb to do sth 使某人做某事 lead to = result in 通往，導(dǎo)致
learn about… 了解，學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)……知識(shí) learn …(all)by himself = teach …oneself 自學(xué)…… learn from… 向……學(xué)習(xí)，從……中學(xué)習(xí)
leave alone 不管，不打擾，不理會(huì)，隨……去 leave behind 忘帶，留下
leave out 省略，刪掉，不考慮
leave sb by himself 把某人獨(dú)自留下
leave sb where he / she is 把某人留在原地 leave school 離開學(xué)校，輟學(xué)，畢業(yè)
less than 少于，不足
let down 不支持，使失望，使沮喪 let in 放進(jìn)，讓……進(jìn)來(lái) lie down 躺下
let out 放掉，泄露，發(fā)出(聲音)lie in 在于，位于
light bulb 電燈泡
light up 照亮，使放光彩，點(diǎn)上（煙）吸起來(lái)
listen to 聽(tīng)……
live in poverty 生活在貧困線上
lie to sb 對(duì)某人撒謊
light a fire 點(diǎn)火
limit … to … 把……限制在…… little by little 逐漸地
live life on the go 過(guò)著忙碌的生活
live on 以……為主食，靠……謀生，繼續(xù)存在，繼續(xù)活著 live one’s dream = try to realize one’s dream 努力實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想 live through 活過(guò)，經(jīng)過(guò)（困難，危險(xiǎn)）之后仍舊活著 live up to 依據(jù)……行事，做到，不辜負(fù)（期望）
live up to sb’s expectation = meet sb’s expectation 不辜負(fù)某人的期望 live with 忍受，與……一起住
lock sb up 將某人監(jiān)禁起來(lái)，將某人鎖于某處不得進(jìn)出 lose control = be out of control 失去控制 lose heart 失去信心，泄氣，灰心（13）Mm major in 主修，專研
main course 主菜
means of transport 交通方式
midfield player 中場(chǎng)球員
lose one’s life 犧牲某人的生命 Let me see.讓我想想。
match …with … 把……和……相配
man-made satellite 人造衛(wèi)星 medical care 醫(yī)療保健
Middle East 中東
miss one’s turn 錯(cuò)過(guò) mix up 混合在一起
lose one’s sight / voice 失明 / 失聲
millions of 成百上千萬(wàn)
mistake / take A for B 錯(cuò)把A當(dāng)成B
mix …with … 把……和……混合 morning paper 晨報(bào)
mobile phone 可移動(dòng)電話
movie stars 電影名星
more and more 越來(lái)越多
more or less 或多或少
more than = not only 不僅，不只，多于，十分（比較：more A than B 與其說(shuō)B，不如說(shuō)是A no more than = only 僅僅，只不過(guò)
not more than 不超過(guò)，至多）
most of 大多數(shù)
multiply … by … ……乘以…… My goodness!天??！
musical styles 音樂(lè)風(fēng)格
（14）Nn native language = mother tongue 母語(yǔ)
next time 下次
neck and neck 并駕齊驅(qū)，不分上下，不相上下 next to 緊接著，相鄰，在旁邊，次于
nine out of ten = nine in ten 十分之九
no doubt 無(wú)疑地 no longer / more = not…any longer / more 不再，已不
no matter 不論……，無(wú)論……
not as / so… as 不像，不如
not at all = not a bit 一點(diǎn)也不，絕非（比較：not a little = very much 很，非常）not later than 不遲于
now and then 偶爾，時(shí)而
not …till / until… 直到……才……
now that 既然
Nice to meet / meeting you.很高興見(jiàn)到你。（15）Oo obey / break the rules 遵守／違反規(guī)定
obey / observe the law 遵守法律
object to 反對(duì)
occur to sb 使某人突然想到 offer advice about / on … 提出關(guān)于……的建議
of course 當(dāng)然
of late = lately 最近，近來(lái)
of one’s own 屬于自己的（比較：on one’s own = by oneself 獨(dú)自，單獨(dú)地）on a large scale 大規(guī)模地，大范圍地 on a team 在一隊(duì)/組，加入一隊(duì)/組 on(an / the)average平均，按平均計(jì)算 on an open fire 露營(yíng)
on all sides 在各方面，到處
on and on 不停地，不斷地
on condition that = if 如果
on board 在（船/飛機(jī)）上
on business 出差
on display 展覽，陳列 [比較：on show 展出，在上演（放映）] on duty 值日，值班
on earth 在地球上，究竟 on end 直立，豎立 on holiday 在度假
on foot 步行
on purpose = by accident 故意地 on watch 值班，守望
on the contrary 相反地，反之
on the go 奔波，忙忙碌碌的，四處奔走 on the march 在游行
on the point of 就在……的時(shí)候
on sale 上市，出售，廉價(jià)出售，減價(jià) on the air 正在播出的on the front page 在頭版
on the Internet 在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上 on the phone 在通話，用電話交流
on / over the radio 通過(guò)收音機(jī)
on the top of 在……的頂端
on one’s arrival / return（某人）一到達(dá)/回來(lái)
on(the)one hand…, on the other hand … 一方面, 另一方面 once in a while 偶爾，有時(shí)
once more / again 再一次 once upon a time 從前，很早以前 one after another 一個(gè)接一個(gè)
one day（過(guò)去/將來(lái)）有一天，某一天 one by one 一個(gè)一個(gè)地，逐一
one-child policy 獨(dú)生子女政策
opera house 歌劇院，藝術(shù)劇院 open up 打開，開啟，開創(chuàng)，開辟，開設(shè)，開放 operate on sb 給某人動(dòng)手術(shù)
or else 否則，要不然
opposite to 在……對(duì)面 or rather 或者
ought to 應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該
out of breath 上氣不接下氣
out of order 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不正常，出毛病 out of one’s reach 夠不著
or so 大約，……左右
out of 由……里面向外，在……之外 out of danger 脫離危險(xiǎn)
out of work 失業(yè)
over and over again 多次，反復(fù)地，一再 over there 在那邊
owe sb sth = owe sth to sb 把……歸功于，感謝，欠（債）owe thanks to sb for sth 因?yàn)槟呈赂兄x某人（16）Pp parking lot 停車場(chǎng)
pay phone（投幣式）公用電話
pencil case 文具盒，鉛筆盒
people with disabilities = disabled people 殘疾人 persist in 堅(jiān)持
physical education 體育
pen friend / pal 筆友
pencil sharpener 轉(zhuǎn)筆刀，削筆刀 personal affair 隱私
phone number 電話號(hào)碼
pile of(homework)一大堆（作業(yè)），一大批，一大團(tuán) places of(great)interest 名勝
pop music 流行音樂(lè)
post office 郵電局
play against … 同……比賽
play / act the role of sb = play sb 扮演某人的角色
play a part / role in … 在……中起作用 play a trick on sb 開某人的玩笑，耍弄某人 play football / basketball 踢足球／打籃球 play the piano 彈鋼琴
play with 玩耍，游戲 primary school = elementary school 小學(xué) point at 指示，指向
point to 指向
point out 指出，使注意 B更喜歡A
prepare sth 準(zhǔn)備
prepare for sth 為某事做好準(zhǔn)備
protect sb from / against … 保護(hù)某人免受……(傷害等)provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 為某人提供某物
（比較：supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb 給某人提供某物
offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 為某人主動(dòng)提供某物）pull down 拆毀，拆除，摧毀，推翻
pull on 隨便穿上 pull out of 從……中退出，（火車）駛離車站，從……拉出來(lái)
pull sb up 把……往上拉，把……拉上來(lái)
push open 推開
push(sth)over（使車船等）閃到一邊 pros and cons 贊成與反對(duì)，正面和反面 pretty well 相當(dāng)好，幾乎，差不多（17）Qq quarrel with sb(about sth)（因某事）和某人吵架/爭(zhēng)吵
quite a few 許多，大量
quite a lot / a bit 許多，大量
（18）Rr raise money for(good cause)為（做好事）而籌款
rank high / low 排名高/排名低
rank third 位居第三 rather than 寧可，而不是，非，與其……寧愿……
prefer A to B 相比prepare sb for sth 使某人為某事做好準(zhǔn)備 produce / make electricity 發(fā)電
raw material 原料
record holder 記錄保持者
record card 成績(jī)單
reach out(for sth)伸手去（拿，碰）
reach out(to sth)伸出手以觸到或抓到、拿到某物
read about 讀到有關(guān)……
receive / get one’s doctor’s degree 獲得博士學(xué)位 recommend … to sb 向某人推薦……
refer to 提到，查詢，參閱，指的是，談到，涉及，有關(guān)
relate to 理解，同情，涉及，與……有關(guān)（比較：be related to 與……有關(guān)聯(lián)/關(guān)系）remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事
reply to 答復(fù)
respond to 回應(yīng)，反映，響應(yīng)
result in 產(chǎn)生某種作用或結(jié)果，導(dǎo)致
[比較：result from 由于，（因而）發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)] return to normal 恢復(fù)正常
ring back 給某人回電話 ring off 掛斷電話，停止講話
ring up sb = ring sb up 給某人打電話 roll over 翻滾，倒轉(zhuǎn) rock band 搖滾樂(lè)隊(duì) rise / come to fame 成名
round up 使集合在一起，使聚攏
roller skating 滑旱冰
running water 自來(lái)水 ruin sth = bring sth to ruin 使……變成廢墟 run after 追趕，追求，追逐，在……之后跑
run at 沖向，向……攻擊
run away 流失，逃跑，逃走，失控
run away from school =drop out of school 逃學(xué)
run for 競(jìng)選
run into / across = come across = meet …by chance = happen to meet 偶然遇見(jiàn) run off 跑掉，迅速離開
run out of sth 用完…… [比較：(sth)run out 耗盡，用光，用完] run over 壓死，看一遍，跑過(guò)去 run a business 做生意
run / start a restaurant 開餐館
rush sb off one’s feet 使某人忙得不亦樂(lè)乎，使某人忙得不可開交 rush out 沖出去
rush through 掠過(guò)，快速通過(guò)
（19）Ss satisfy / meet the needs of … 滿足……的需要 save money 存錢
save sb’s life 挽救某人的生命 say “no” to … 拒絕，否認(rèn)，不同意
say thanks to … 向……表示感謝
say to oneself 心里想，自言自語(yǔ)
school day 學(xué)校上課時(shí)
school play 校園劇
school things 學(xué)習(xí)用具
school / field trip 郊游
search for 搜查，尋找，查找
self rescue 自救
see for oneself 自己去看，親眼看
see sb off 為某人送行（比較：meet sb 接某人）see to 處理，料理，照顧
seek after 追求
see to it that…= make sure that… 確保，務(wù)使
seek for 尋找
sell out 賣完，出賣
sense of responsibility 責(zé)任感 sentence / beat sb to death 判處某人死刑 / 把某人打死
separate … from … 把……和……分離開 serve as 作為，當(dāng)作
serve in the army 服役 serve the dishes 上菜
serve the people 為人民服務(wù) settle an argument about… 解決關(guān)于……的爭(zhēng)論
settle down 定下心來(lái)，安家落戶，定居，平靜下來(lái) settle for 勉強(qiáng)同意，接受
settle in（使）習(xí)慣（環(huán)境等），定居 settle up 付清，結(jié)賬
share(in)sth 分享
shop assistsant 售貨員
shoot at 向……射擊
shout at(sb)沖(某人)嚷嚷 show off 炫耀
shake hands with sb 和某人握手 share sth with sb 與某人分享……
short wave 短波
[比較：smile at(sb)沖（某人）笑]
show up 出席，露面
show respect for sb 對(duì)某人表示尊敬
show sb how to do sth 教某人做某事
show sb out / in 送某人出去/ 迎某人進(jìn)來(lái) show sb to the door 帶某人到門口 shut up 閉嘴
shut down 關(guān)閉，把……關(guān)上 silver screen 銀幕
sit up 熬夜
social problems 社會(huì)問(wèn)題
sign an agreement with… 與……達(dá)成協(xié)議 sit down = be seated 坐著，坐下
side by side 肩并肩，一起，相互支持 soft drink 清涼飲料，軟飲料 soup opera 肥皂劇，連續(xù)劇 some day 將來(lái)某一天，來(lái)日 sooner or later 遲早，終歸
speak about 談?wù)?，交?/p>
speak of 談到
solar system 太陽(yáng)系
so far = up till now 到目前為止
some … , others … 一些……，另一些…… sound like 聽(tīng)起來(lái)像……
speed skating 速滑 speak against 發(fā)表抨擊 speak out 大膽講出 space / train station 太空／火車站
speak to 談話，與……通話
speed by 飛馳而過(guò) speed up 加快速度（比較：slow down 減緩，減速，慢下來(lái)）
spend …(in)doing sth 花（錢，時(shí)間）做某事
spend …on sth 在……花費(fèi)（錢，時(shí)間）spread out 伸開，鋪開
stage name 藝名
standing room 立足之地 stone by stone 一塊石頭一塊石頭地
straight away 立刻地，毫不猶豫地 stare at 凝視，盯著看
start a fire 引起火災(zāi)
starve to death 餓死
stay away 不在家，外出
stay away from… 與……保持距離
stay the same = remain the same 保持不變 stay up 挺住，站立，開夜車，醒著，不睡，熬夜 stick to 粘住，堅(jiān)持，忠于
stick with 繼續(xù)支持，保持聯(lián)系 stop doing sth 停止做某事
[比較：stop to do sth 停下來(lái)做某事
stop …(from)doing sth 阻止……做某事]
strike at 向……襲擊／打擊
struggle against… 同……做斗爭(zhēng) struggle to one’s feet 掙扎著站起來(lái)
succeed in… 在……獲成功
（比較：succeed in doing sth = be successful in doing sth成功地做了某事）suffer from… 受……苦
support / raise the family 養(yǎng)家
suit … to … 使……適合于…… surf the internet 上網(wǎng)沖浪
struggle to do sth 掙扎著（竭力去）做某事
sweep away（風(fēng)）吹走,（浪）卷走
sweep the floor 掃地
sweep down 吹倒，席卷，沖倒
switch on /off 開/關(guān)（電燈、機(jī)器等）
swimming pool 游泳池
Say “Hi” to sb for me.= Give my regards to sb =Remember me to sb 代我向某人問(wèn)好。
Say goodbye to sb 向某人告辭/告別。（20）Tt table manners 餐桌禮節(jié)，用餐規(guī)矩
talent show 天才表演
talk show 訪談節(jié)目
talk of 談到
talk to 與某人交談／談話
telephone booth 電話亭
tennis racket 網(wǎng)球拍
tear down 拆毀，拆除
See you soon / later.再見(jiàn)。table tennis 乒乓球（運(yùn)動(dòng)）tape recorder 磁帶錄音機(jī)
talk about 談?wù)?，交談，議論
talk … through（充分）討論，詳細(xì)討論 talk with 和……交談
telephone number 電話號(hào)碼
tear at 用力撕
tear sth into pieces 把某物撕成碎片
tell a lie 說(shuō)謊
tell… from… 把……和……分開
tear up 撕毀，取消（合同）
tell … apart 識(shí)別，辨別，區(qū)分開 tell the truth 說(shuō)真話
tell the difference between A and B 說(shuō)出/分辨A和B 的區(qū)別 tend to 趨于，朝某方向
test on 在……做實(shí)驗(yàn) test the blood 驗(yàn)血
Thanksgiving Day 感恩節(jié)
thanks to… 多虧了，幸虧，由于，因?yàn)椋ū容^：due to = owing to = because of 由于，因?yàn)椋﹖han usual 比平?！?/p>
the Antartic 南極 [比較：the South / North(Pole)南/北極] the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋
（比較：the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
the Indian Ocean 印度洋
the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
the Yellow River 黃河）
the butterfly 蝶泳
the Capital Stadium 首都體育館 [比較：the Great Wall 長(zhǎng)城 the People’s Republic of China
the day after tomorrow 后天 the entrance to ……的入口
the Maglev Train 磁懸浮列車
thanks for…因?yàn)椤兄xthe Palace Museum 故宮（博物館）
中華人民共和國(guó)（簡(jiǎn)稱PRC）] the day before yesterday 前天
(the)long / high jump 跳遠(yuǎn)/高 the majority / minority of people 大多數(shù)/少數(shù)人
the(more)…, the(more)… 越……，越……
the next morning 第二天早上
the other day 前幾天，某日 the other way around 相反地，用相反方式
the Olympic Games / the Olympics 奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì) the problem with … 關(guān)于……的問(wèn)題
the same to 對(duì)……也一樣
the United Nations 聯(lián)合國(guó)
the same as 與……同樣的the United Kingdom 英國(guó) the United States 美國(guó)
the way to do sth / of doing sth 做……的方法
the working people 工人，勞動(dòng)人民
the World Championship 世錦賽
this very night 就在這個(gè)晚上
thousands of 成千上萬(wàn)
Three Gorges Dam Project 三峽大壩工程 three meters deep = three metres in depth 三米深
through thick and thin 不顧艱難
throw light upon / on 闡明某事，使某事顯得很清楚
throw about 四處亂扔
throw away 扔掉
throw at 向……扔去
throw up 吐出（事物），嘔吐
tie A to B 把A 綁在B 上
tie … up 系，栓，捆 tie up(one’s hair)= do up(one’s hair)（頭發(fā)）扎起來(lái)
tire out 筋疲力盡
tire oneself out 使自己疲憊不堪 time and time again = over and over again 多次，不斷地，反復(fù) time area 時(shí)區(qū)
toast to the New Year 為新年干杯 to begin with = to start with 首先，作為開始，第一點(diǎn)
to be honest = honestly speaking 老實(shí)說(shuō)，說(shuō)實(shí)在的
to make matters / things worse = worse still 使事情/情況更困難/危險(xiǎn)，更糟糕的是 to … degree 達(dá)到……程度
to one’s knowledge 據(jù)某人所知 to one’s regret / sorrow / surprise / joy 使某人遺憾/悲傷/驚訝/高興的是 to the north of 在……以北
to the point 中肯，扼要，切中要害
too many 太多
too much 太多，過(guò)分，太
too … to = so … that 太……以至于不能 tongue twister 繞口令 track and field 田徑 travel agent 旅行社
traffic lights 交通指揮燈，紅綠燈 trial and error 反復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)，不斷探索
trade for 交易
trade in 以交易方式購(gòu)入 trade … with sb 與某人做……交易（買賣）transform … into… 把……轉(zhuǎn)變成……
treat sb badly 虐待
treat sb to sth 請(qǐng)某人吃……
trip over（被……）絆倒
trust(in)= have trust in = rely on 信賴，信任
try on 試穿（衣，鞋，帽等），試試看，耍弄（花招）try out 試驗(yàn)，嘗試，試用
try one’s best 竭盡所能 TV series 電視連續(xù)劇
twice the size of 是……的兩倍之大
This way, please.請(qǐng)走這邊。
（21）Uu under arrest 被拘留
TV station 電視臺(tái)
Thank goodness!謝天謝地！It’s time to do….該做……了。under attack / fire 被攻擊
under construction / control / discussion 在建設(shè)／控制／討論中 under repairs 在修理中
under the command of 在某人控制之下，在……的指揮下
under the direction of 在……的指導(dǎo)下 unite as one 團(tuán)結(jié)一致
upside down 顛倒著，倒轉(zhuǎn)著
up to 正在做，從事于，大約，多達(dá)
use up….用完……，用盡……（22）Vv
VCD player 影碟播放機(jī)
（23）Ww wait for 等待，等候
up and down 來(lái)回，上上下下，來(lái)來(lái)往往 up to date 現(xiàn)代的，時(shí)新的，據(jù)目前所知的
very much = a lot 很，非常，十分
wait / stand in queue = wait / stand in line 排隊(duì)等侯 waiting room 等候(候車)室
wake up 醒來(lái)
wake sb up 把某人吵/叫醒 walk / run up to = go / come up to 上前去 want all day off 請(qǐng)假一整天 wash away 沖走
washing machine 洗衣機(jī)
wash down 沖走，沖垮
watch out(for…)留神，提防，注意
watch over 看守，照看
wear away 磨掉，消耗
watch TV 看電視
wear out 穿破，把……穿舊，磨壞，使……疲勞 [比較：be worn out（衣服等）穿破/被損壞，（人）疲憊不堪/感到疲勞] what else 而且
what if… 倘使……將會(huì)怎樣，如果……將會(huì)怎樣 win … prize 獲得……獎(jiǎng)
win the first place（比賽）得了第一名 win sb 把某人爭(zhēng)取過(guò)來(lái)（比較：beat / defeat sb 打敗某人）wipe out 去除，消滅
wish … every success ?！?成功
wish each other good luck 互相祝福
without a sound 悄無(wú)聲息地
without limit 無(wú)限地
without luck 運(yùn)氣不好
with the help of＝with sb’s help 在……的幫助下 with the purpose of 有……的目的
wonder at 對(duì)……感到驚訝
word for word 逐字地
work as an actress 做女演員
work at 從事，致力于，干……活動(dòng)（研究）
work on … 繼續(xù)工作，從事于……，忙于……，不斷做…… work out 算出，解決，想出（辦法），制定（計(jì)劃），結(jié)局，至最后 work with … 對(duì)……起作用
worry about 為……擔(dān)心，煩惱
would rather 寧愿，寧可 wrap up 包好，偽裝
write to 寫信給
work permit 工作許可證
would like 想要（婉轉(zhuǎn)表達(dá)個(gè)人的想法、看法）wrap sth in 用……把某物包起來(lái)
write down 記下，寫下
Well done / said!干得好/說(shuō)得好！
What a pity!多可惜！真遺憾！
What a shame!太不好意思了！太遺憾了！What / How about…? ……怎么樣？……好不好？
What becomes of … ？ ……變得怎樣了？ What kind …? 何種……？
What time …? 幾點(diǎn)……？ What’s on? 發(fā)生了什么事？
What’s the population of …? ……有多少人口？ What’s up? 怎么啦？
What’s wrong / the matter? 怎么了？
Would you mind…? 你介意……嗎？
（24）Yy year after year 年復(fù)一年，年年，每年（重復(fù)）year by year 一年年（逐漸變化）Young Pioneer 少先隊(duì)員
You’re welcome.不用謝。不客氣。（25）Zz zebra crossing 斑馬線
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