第一篇：四級題0612

2006年12月英語新六級真題快速閱讀

http://004km.cnprehension(Skimming and Scanning)

Space Tourism

Make your reservations now.The space tourism industry is officially open for business, and tickets are going for a mere $20 million for a one-week stay in space.Despite reluctance from National Air and Space Administration(NASA), Russia made American businessman Dennis Tito the world's first space tourist.Tito flew into space aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket that arrived at the International Space Station(ISS)on April 30,2001.The second space tourist, South African businessman Mark Shuttle worth, took off aboard the Russian Soyuz on April 25,2002, also bound for the ISS.Lance Bass of 'N Sync was supposed to be the third to make the $20 million trip, but he did not join the three-man crew as they blasted off on October 30,2002, due to lack of payment.Probably the most incredible aspect of this proposed space tour was that NASA approved of it.These trips are the beginning of what could be a profitable 21st century industry.There are already several space tourism companies planning to build suborbital vehicles and orbital cities within the next two decades.These companies have invested millions, believing that space tourism industry is on the verge of taking off.In 1997, NASA published a report concluding that selling trips into space to private citizens could be worth billions of dollars.A Japanese report supports these findings, and projects that space tourism could be a $ 10 billion per year industry within the next two decades.The only obstacles to opening up space to tourists are the space agencies, who are concerned with safety and the development of a reliable, reusable launch vehicle.Space Accommodations

Russia's Mir space station was supposed to be the first destination for space tourists.But in March 2001, the Russian Aerospace Agency brought Mir down into the Pacific Ocean.As it turned out, bringing down Mir only temporarily delayed the first tourist trip into space.The Mir crash did cancel plans for a new reality-based game show from NBC, which was going to be called Destination Mir.The Survivor-like TV show was scheduled to air in fall 2001.Participants on the show were to go through training at Russia's cosmonaut(宇航員)training center, Star City.Each week, one of the participants would be eliminated from the show, with the winner receiving a trip to the Mir space station.The Mir crash has ruled out NBC's space plans for now.NASA is against beginning space tourism until the International Space Station is completed in 2006.Russia is not alone in its interest in space tourism.There are several projects underway to commercialize space travel.Here are a few of the groups that might take tourists to space: Space Island Group is going to build a ring-shaped, rotating “commercial space infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu))”that will resemble the Discovery spacecraft in the movie “2001: A Space Odyssey.” Space Island says it will build its space city out of empty NASA space-shuttle fuel tanks(to start, it should take around 12 or so), and place it about 400 miles above Earth.The space city will rotate once per minute to create a gravitational pull one-third as strong as Earth's.According to their vision statement, Space Adventures plans to “fly tens of thousands of people in space over the next 10-15 years and beyond, around the moon, and back, from spaceports both on Earth and in space, to and from private space stations, and aboard dozens of different vehicles...” Even Hilton Hotels has shown interest in the space tourism industry and the possibility of building or co-funding a space hotel.However, the company did say that it believes such a space hotel is 15 to 20 years away.Initially, space tourism will offer simple accommodations at best.For instance, if the International Space Station is used as a tourist attraction, guests won't find the luxurious surroundings of a hotel room on Earth.It has been designed for conducting research, not entertainment.How ever, the first generation of space hotels should offer tourists a much more comfortable experience.In regard to a concept for a space hotel initially planned by Space Island, such a hotel could offer guests every convenience they might find at hotel on Earth, and some they might not.The small gravitational pull created by the rotating space city would allow space-tourists and residents to walk around and function normally within the structure.Everything from running water to recycling plant to medical facilities would be possible.Additionally, space tourists would even be able to take space walks.Many of these companies believe that they have to offer an extremely enjoyable experience in order for passengers to pay thousands, if not millions, of dollars to ride into space.So will space create another separation between the haves and have-nots?

The most Expensive Vacation

Will space be an exotic retreat reserved for only the wealthy? Or will middle-class folks have a chance to take their families to space? Make no mistake about it, gong to space will be the most expensive vacation you ever take.Prices right now are in the tens of millions of dollars.Currently, the only vehicles that can take you into space are the space shuttle and the Russian Soyuz, both of which are terribly inefficient.Each spacecraft requires millions of pounds of fuel to take off into space, which makes them expensive to launch.One pound of payload(有效載重)costs about $10,000 to put into Earth's orbit.NASA and Lockheed Martin are currently developing a single-stage-to orbit launch space plane, called the Venture Star, that could be launched for about a tenth of what the space shuttle costs to launch.If the Venture Star takes off, the number of people who could afford to take a trip into space would move into the millions.In 1998, a joint report form NASA and the Space Transportation Association stated that improvements in technology could push fares for space travel as low as $50,000, and possibly down to $20,000 or $10,000 a decade later.The report concluded that at a ticket price of $50,000, there could be 500,000 passengers flying into space each year.While still leaving out many people, these prices would open up space to a tremendous amount of traffic.Since the beginning of the space race, the general public has said, “Isn't that great--when do I get to go?” Well, our chance might be closer than ever.Within the next 20 years, space planes could be taking off for the Moon at the same frequency as airplanes flying between New York and Los Angeles.2006年12月新四級英語真題完形填空

http://004km.cnpletely 67 from all other animals.Language is a means of communication, 68it is much more than that.Many animals can69.The dance of the honeybee communicates the location of flowers 70other members of the hive(蜂群).But human language permits communication about anything.71 things like unicorn(獨角獸)that have never existed.The key 72 in the fact that the units of meaning, words, can be 73 together in different ways, according to 74, to communicate different meanings.Language is the most important learning we do.Nothing75humans so much as our ability to communicate abstract thoughts, 76about the university the mind, love, dreams, or ordering a drink.It is an immensely complex77that we take for granted.Indeed, we are not aware of most78of our speech and understanding.Consider what happens when one person is speaking to 79.The speaker has to translate thoughts into80 language.Brain imaging studies suggest that the time from thoughts to the 81 of speech is extremely fast.Only 0.04 seconds!The listener must hear the sounds to 82 out what the speaker means.He must use the sounds of speech to 83 the words spoken, understand the pattern of 84 of the words(sentences), and finally 85 the meaning.This takes somewhat longer, a minimum of about 0.5 seconds.But _86_ started, it is of course a continuous process.67.A)apart B)off C)up D)down 68.A)so B)but C)or D)for 69.A)transfer B)transmit C)convey D)communicate 70.A)to B)from C)over D)on 71.A)only B)almost C)even D)just 72.A)stays B)situates C)hides D)lies 73.A)stuck B)strung C)rung D)consisted 74.A)rules B)scales C)laws D)standards 75.A)combines B)contains C)defines D)declares 76.A)what B)whether C)while D)if 77.A)prospect B)progress C)process D)produce 78.A)aspects B)abstracts C)angles D)assumptions 79.A)anybody B)another C)other D)everybody 80.A)body B)gesture C)written D)spoken 81.A)growing B)fixing C)beginning D)building 82.A)put B)take C)draw D)figure 83.A)identify B)locate C)reveal D)discover 84.A)performance B)organization C)design D)layout 85.A)prescribe B)justify C)utter D)interpret 86.A)since B)after C)once D)until

2006年12月四級考試作文點評和范文

http://004km.cning performance should invite some big names including super stars from Hongkong and Taiwan.We are all eagerly anticipating this unforgettable evening show.新航道名師：破解新四級新題型要訣

點評:

本次四級考試作文總體上來說并不是很難。但表現(xiàn)出兩個出人意料：一是體裁，二是題材。

對于體裁來說，本次四級作文屬于正反對比論證類的文體。比較出人意料，又回到了老的考查模式。很多學(xué)生把考前死背的作文模板派上了用場。但是這只能得到最基本的分?jǐn)?shù)。雖然模板對于考查學(xué)生的語言表達(dá)并不益處，但還能測試出考生的語言基本功。從四級考試寫作的測試目的來看，還是注重考查學(xué)生對基本語法、基本詞匯運用能力的掌握情況。所以除了模板之外，考生還要在基本表達(dá)上狠下功夫，只有在平時多操練，在考場上才游刃有余。除此之外，學(xué)生還要在作文中多采用閃光點，這樣就會使作文在基本分?jǐn)?shù)上有所提升，有所突破。

對于題材，本次四級作文的話題是關(guān)于人們對于春節(jié)晚會的不同看法，屬于社會生活類話題，一反常態(tài)，沒有再次考查校園類話題。但是對于當(dāng)代大學(xué)生來說，與大學(xué)生有關(guān)的社會話題也是需要關(guān)注的，這也說明考試方向的變化：校園類話題與社會熱點話題同等重要,這一點對于未來考四級的學(xué)生的作文備考的方向有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。

第二篇：英語四級預(yù)測題

預(yù)測十一

1.近幾年出現(xiàn)了大學(xué)生就業(yè)難的現(xiàn)象

2.產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因（如大學(xué)生追求的目標(biāo)過高，專業(yè)不對口等）3.如何解決這一問題（改變就業(yè)觀念，大學(xué)生再培訓(xùn)等）College Students’ Job Hunting In recent years, college students find it increasingly difficult to get a job.It sounds strange since young college students are usually intelligent, well-educated phenomenon, aspirant and eager to bring their talent into full play.Then what underlies the strange phenomenon? There are several reasons for this.To begin with, nowadays college students aim too high.All they want are “good” jobs which could offer good salary, comfortable working conditions, high social status among others.Consequently, most college students are unwilling to accept vacant jobs they consider not “good” enough.Another reason is that there is a big gap between the majors some students study in school and the demands of vacant jobs.So companies think some students are not fit for the jobs.Solution to the problem requires efforts on both the society and the students.The companies should value the students, talent and knowledge while the latter should not merely aim at material gains.They should be down-to–earth in building up their career.Furthermore, they should face their weak points so as to improve themselves and be more competent.預(yù)測十九

1． 心理健康問題往往是導(dǎo)致疾病的原因

2． 分析人們產(chǎn)生心理健康問題的原因(可從失業(yè)、壓力過重、缺乏支持、缺乏人際交往能力等方面分析)3． 你認(rèn)為人們應(yīng)如何保持心理健康 How to Keep Psychologically Healthy? One in four people will experience some kind of mental problem in the course of a year.When you fail to manage these problems, they are likely to cause various mental illnesses.The cause of mental health problems often vary a lot from one case to another.In today’s society, a good number of people are suffering from heavy pressure.Others lack communication skills.In addition, a lot of people are ignorant of psychological knowledge about how to keep mentally fit.There are a lot of ways to curb mental health problems and keep psychologically healthy.Firstly, find the real cause of your mental health problem and see whether you can do something about it.Secondly, learn to relax yourself and take exercises to release the pressure.Lastly, you may find it helpful to talk to your partner or friend about your problem, or seek support and advice form a psychological consultant 預(yù)測一

1.現(xiàn)在大學(xué)校園里，遲到、早退、曠課是常見的現(xiàn)象 2.保證學(xué)生的出勤率對大學(xué)教育的重要性 3.作為一個大學(xué)生應(yīng)該怎樣做 Attend Your Classes Regularly Nowadays it is a very common phenomenon that some university students are late for or even absent from classes.And still there are some students who slip out of the classroom before the class is over.Class attendance has become a thorny problem to both the students and teachers.In fact, it is very important for the students to attend their classes regularly.First, it will ensure you to catch up with the teachers in your learning.That is very helpful to you if you want to do a good job in your study.Second, attending classes regularly is a way of showing respect to your teachers ,too.Your teachers will feel bad if the students do not attend their classes, which, in turn, will affect their teaching and be no good for the students.Third, attending classes regularly will help to form a good habit of punctuality, which is of great importance for the students to do a good job in the future.Therefore, we university students should form the good habit of attending our classes regularly from now on.And some day we’ll benefit from it.

第三篇：四級翻譯預(yù)測題

四級翻譯預(yù)測題：

20年前，很多人對創(chuàng)業(yè)者(entrepreneur)的態(tài)度是不理解和不信任。但是現(xiàn)在，這個形勢已經(jīng)發(fā)生了根本的變化。不僅人們對創(chuàng)業(yè)者的態(tài)度發(fā)生了變化，同時在政策上有很多扶持，也有很多的獎項來表彰創(chuàng)業(yè)者?，F(xiàn)在如果一個有志青年去創(chuàng)業(yè)，他會受到很多贊許的目光，我們會為他鼓勁、加油。一些扶持政策也會幫助他成功創(chuàng)業(yè)，在社會輿論環(huán)境上，方方面面都給現(xiàn)在的創(chuàng)業(yè)者提供了一個非常好的一個平臺。

參考譯文： years ago, many people did not understand or trust entrepreneurs.But now the situation has radically changed.Not only has people's attitude towards entrepreneurs changed, but also there are a lot of support in terms of policy and many awards to commend their achievements.Now if an aspiring young person wants to start a business, he or she will receive a lot of praise.People will cheer for him or her.He or she will get policy support as well.In terms of public opinion environment, besides many other favorable aspects, a very good platform has been created for entrepreneurs today.詞句點撥：

政策上有很多扶持：a lot of support in terms of policy 表彰創(chuàng)業(yè)者：commend their achievements 有志青年：aspiring young person 社會輿論環(huán)境：public opinion environment 四級翻譯預(yù)測題：

請將下面這段中文翻譯成英文：

中國土地廣闊，人口眾多。盡管全國都講漢語，但是不同地區(qū)的人說漢語的方式不同，這被稱為方言。方言一般被稱為地方話，是漢語在不同地區(qū)的分支，只在特定地區(qū)使用。漢語方言非常復(fù)雜。它們有以下三方面不同：發(fā)音、詞匯和語法。發(fā)音的區(qū)別最為顯著。2000多年前，中國人發(fā)現(xiàn)社交時應(yīng)該使用同一的語言。和方言相比，普通話能被所有人理解。普通話有利于不同種族、地區(qū)人民之間的信息傳遞和文化交流。

參考譯文：

China has a vast land and a large population.Even though the Chinese language is spoken all over the country, people in different areas speak it in different ways, which are called dialects.Generally called local languages, dialects are branches of the Chinese language in different regions, and are only used in certain areas.Dialects of the Chinese language are very complicated.They differ from each other in three aspects: pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar.And the difference in pronunciation is the most outstanding.Over 2000 years ago, Chinese people realized that a common language should be used in social activities.Compared with dialects, mandarin can be understood by all people in China.The use of mandarin can contribute to information transmission and cultural exchange between ethnic groups and people in different places.詞句點撥：

1、中國土地廣闊，人口眾多

China has a vast land and a large population

2、A在不同地區(qū)的分支

branches of A in different regions

3、信息傳遞

information transmission

4、文化交流

cultural exchange

5、社交活動

social activities

中國五年前根本沒有高速鐵路。但是現(xiàn)在高鐵列車(high-speed trains)的票經(jīng)常很快就售罄，盡管發(fā)車間隔比較短。人們能夠很方便地以兩倍于美國火車最髙速的速度在全國周游。高速鐵路系統(tǒng)的運菅非常成功，它運載的乘客是全國民航(civil aviation)系統(tǒng)運載的乘客的兩倍。中國有世界上最先進(jìn)的、低排放的快速運輸系統(tǒng)之一，而做到這一點僅僅用了五年。

參考譯文：

China didn't have a high-speed rail five years ago.But now the tickets of high-speed trains are usually sold out very quickly, even though the departure interval is quite short.And people can conveniently travel around the nation at a speed that doubles the speed of the fastest American train.The operation of high-speed rail system is very successful;it carries twice as many passengers as the nation's civil aviation system.China has one of the most advanced rapid transit systems with low emissions in the world, and it only takes five years to achieve this.詞句點撥

1.但是現(xiàn)在高鐵列車的票經(jīng)常很快就售罄，盡管發(fā)車間隔比較短“售罄”:可譯為sell out，意為“賣完了，賣光了”;“發(fā)車間隔”譯為departure interval。

2.人們能夠很方便地以兩倍于美國火車最高速的速度在全國周游:“以...的速度”可譯為at a speed...，speed意為“速度”“;兩倍于”即“是...的兩倍”，可譯為double,也可譯為twice。

3.高速鐵路系統(tǒng)的運營非常成功，它運栽的乘客是全國民航系統(tǒng)運載的乘客的兩倍:“運栽”可用carry來表示?！氨稊?shù)+as+many/much/large等形容詞+(比較的內(nèi)容)+as”為英語中表達(dá)倍數(shù)時常用的結(jié)構(gòu)，中間的形容詞根據(jù)比較的內(nèi)容來定，如比較大小則用as large as,表示“是...的兩倍大”則為twice as large as。

如今，越來越多的大學(xué)生抱怨很難找到好工作。造成這一現(xiàn)象的原因如下：首先，大學(xué)生把在校的大多數(shù)時間都用在了專業(yè)學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)上，只有當(dāng)他們開始找工作的時候，才意識到自己缺乏必要的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)。其次，大學(xué)生之間的競爭也越來越激烈，這導(dǎo)致任何一名大學(xué)生找到工作的機(jī)會都變小了。因此，強(qiáng)烈建議大學(xué)生在課余時間做一些兼職工作，以積累相關(guān)的工作經(jīng)驗。

Nowadays, more and more university students complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job.The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training.Second, competition among graduates has become more and more fierce.And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a job.Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate relevant working experience.自從1978年經(jīng)濟(jì)改革以來，中國已經(jīng)完成了從中央計劃經(jīng)濟(jì)(centrally planned economy)向市場經(jīng)濟(jì)(market based economy)的轉(zhuǎn)變。超過6億人已經(jīng)脫離了貧困，但是仍然有超過1.7億人生活在國際貧困線以下天少于1.25美元。2012年，中國的人均GDP 為12405.67美元，這是30年前的37倍。到2018年，中國的人均 GDP將從世界第90位上升到第75位。然而，這仍然是低于預(yù)計的世界平均水平。

Since initiating market reforms in 1978，China has shifted from a centrally planned to a market based economy.More than 600 million citizens have been lifted out of poverty, but over 170 million people still live below the $1.25-a-day international poverty line.In 2012, China’s GDP(PPP)per capita was $12,405.67.This is 37 times higher than what it was just 30 years ago.By 2018，China’s GDP per capita will climb from the 90th to 75th highest in the world.This however will still be below the forecasted world average.“剩女(leftover women)”這個詞被用來指那些在二十八九歲，甚至更大年齡仍未結(jié)婚的女性。有些人認(rèn)為“剩女”是需要認(rèn)真對待的社會力量,而另一些人則主張這個詞應(yīng)被視為褒義詞，意思是“成功女性”。據(jù)2010年的中國婚姻調(diào)查(Chinese National Marriage Survey)報道，90%的男人認(rèn)為女人應(yīng)該在27歲之前結(jié)婚。在中國，大部分“剩女”都是受過良好教育的中產(chǎn)階級。跟以前幾代人相比，如今的女性更加自由，更能夠獨立生活。

參考譯文：

“Leftover women”is a term that refers to women who remain unmarried in their late twenties and beyond.Some people regard leftover women as a social force to be reckoned with”,while others have argued that the term should be taken as a positive term to mean“successful women”.In a 2010 Chinese National Marriage Survey,it was reported that 9 out of 10 men believe that women should be married before they are 27 years old.In China leftover women are mostly well-educated middle class.Women today are more free and able to live independently in comparison to previous generations.絲綢之路(the Silk Road)是歷史上連接中國和地中海的一條重要貿(mào)易路線。因為這條路上的絲綢貿(mào)易占絕大部分，所以在1877年它被德國的一位地理學(xué)家命名為“絲綢之路”。這條古道從長安開始，經(jīng)過河西走廊(the Hexi Corridor),到達(dá)敦煌后分成三條：南部路線，中部路線和北部路線。這三條路遍布新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region)，然后擴(kuò)展到巴基斯坦(Pakistan)，印度，甚至羅馬。

The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean.Because silk comprised a large proportion of trade along this road, in 1877, it was named the Silk Road by an eminent German geographer.This ancient road begins at Chang’an, then by way of the Hexi Corridor，and it reaches Dunhuang, where it divides into three, the Southern Route，Central Route and North?ern Route.The three routes spread all over the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and then they extend as far as Pakistan, India and even Rome.中國將進(jìn)一步發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、擴(kuò)大開放，這對海外企業(yè)(enterprises)意味著更多的商機(jī)。改革開放以來，中國企業(yè)與海外企業(yè)一直積極開展經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)合作，并取得了巨大成就。海外企業(yè)不僅幫助中國企業(yè)的成長，而且也在合作中取得了收益。中國政府將繼續(xù)提供有力的政策和條件，推動中國企業(yè)與國外企業(yè)進(jìn)一步開展合作。

China will develop its economy further and open itself wider to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises.Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have been cooperating with overseas enterprises in terms of economy and technology, and have scored great/ tremendous achievement.Overseas enterprises have not only helped Chinese enterprises with their growth, but also benefited from the cooperation.Chinese government will continue to offer favorable policies and conditions to promote the further cooperation between Chinese and overseas enterprises.在中國，廣場舞非常受中老年婦女們的歡迎，在城市廣場或開闊的地方你經(jīng)?？梢砸姷剿齻冑u力做動作的身影。但因其噪音大又?jǐn)_民，很多人對此頗有怨言。你認(rèn)為廣場舞擾民嗎?

Editor s note: Square dancers in Beijing may be fined if their acts disturbpublic order, according to the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau.Thesquare dancing or guangchangwu is a popular pastime among older Chinese women,who can often be spotted displaying their moves in open areas in the city.Thepractice has generated widespread public complaints about loud music anddisruption.Do you think square dancing is causing annoyance?

北京市公安局日前已出臺管理條例，如果跳廣場舞擾亂公告秩序，相關(guān)人員將被罰款。在中國，廣場舞非常受中老年婦女們的歡迎，在城市廣場或開闊的地方你經(jīng)?？梢砸姷剿齻冑u力做動作的身影。但因其噪音大又?jǐn)_民，很多人對此頗有怨言。你認(rèn)為廣場舞擾民嗎?

Quarrytone(China)

Quarrytone(中國)

There s a growing chorus of complaints in society about the loud music lateat night.If it s near a mall or public square, there is no problem, but whenit s near apartment blocks and disturbs residents, it would be better if thegovernment regulates it, just like in many western countries。

社會越來越多人抱怨晚上吵鬧的音樂。我認(rèn)為如果是在購物中心或者公共廣場附近，那沒有問題。但是如果是在住宅區(qū)附近，打擾到居民時，政府就應(yīng)該出面管理一下，很多西方國家就是這樣做的。

Bebilzebub(UK)

Bebilzebub(英國)

It s a load of(mostly)older women getting together to do some exerciseand, judging by the smiles on their faces, having a good time while they reatit.I love cycling around a city and seeing people dancing.It s fantastic.Longmay it continue。

現(xiàn)在很多中老年(大部分是)婦女們聚在一起做鍛煉，從她們臉上的笑容就能看出她們很享受。我喜歡騎自行車在城市里瞎轉(zhuǎn)，看大家一起跳舞。感覺非常棒。希望廣場舞可以繼續(xù)跳下去。

Chris(Australia)

Chris(澳大利亞)

I live in China, and find this a rather charming pastime.But there is aneed for a restriction on the number of loudspeakers in a given area。

我住在中國，我認(rèn)為廣場舞是個非常有魅力的娛樂活動。但是一塊區(qū)域的喇叭數(shù)量應(yīng)有所限制。

Glen(UK)

Glen(英國)

Oh please.The dancing grannies are hardly out there all night long rockingout.Yes, it s a little loud for about an hour somewhere between 7-9 pm.Iabsolutely love cruising around Shanghai on a nice evening and seeing all theladies getting their groove on, such as it is.It s a lovely aspect of lifehere。

拜托，這些跳舞大媽又沒有一晚上都在嗨皮。的確，7點9點那會兒確實會有點吵。但我特別喜歡在舒服的傍晚繞著上海市瞎轉(zhuǎn)悠，看見這些女士們開心地跳舞，雖然她們有時跳得并不好。這是這個城市生活中很有愛的一面。

Smartnova(US)

Smartnova(美國)

I absolutely HATE it because I experienced it.They dance more than 10hours a day everyday, often til midnight, on the ground of your apartmentbuilding with loud, noisy music.Is this kind of you life you want to live ondaily basis? It becomes so infectious now in the cities throughout China.It stime to have government step in to regulate it。

我真的很討厭。廣場舞，因為我經(jīng)歷過。她們在樓下一天能跳十個小時以上，經(jīng)常會跳到深夜，音樂聲很大，很吵。要是你，你愿意每天在這種環(huán)境中生活嗎?現(xiàn)在廣場舞在中國太泛濫了。政府是時候介入來管一管了。

有人說，單詞是做好閱讀的關(guān)鍵;然而這并不意味著只要弄懂單詞就行了;閱讀理解，還有一個關(guān)鍵就是：讀懂句子，掌握各個句子之前的邏輯關(guān)系，這樣才能順利的理解文章的意思。下面就讓我們一起看看閱讀中?？嫉倪壿嬯P(guān)系吧!

首先是我們最熟悉的因果關(guān)系。

因：because、because of、for、as、since、in that、on account of、with

果：so、so that、therefore、thereby、as a result、hence、thus、consequently、accordingly

因果關(guān)系除了傳統(tǒng)意義上的顯性因果表達(dá)詞外，隱性的因果同樣是不可忽略的一個重要部分。

隱性因果：

A 導(dǎo)致(因-果)：cause、reason、lead to、give rise to、result in、render、make、let、ask、push、stimulate、fuel、produce

如：The increased presures of expanding population have led to the removal of woody plants so that many cities and tow are surrounded by large areas completely lacking in trees.在這段話中，有l(wèi)ead to表示了導(dǎo)致的意思，即結(jié)果，而so that更進(jìn)一步表示了后面的結(jié)果，所以可以充分判定這段話有因果關(guān)系的邏輯。

B 由?而來(果-因)：result from、derive from、originate from、initiate from、stem from、be attributable to

如：“The extreme serioue of desertification results from the vast areas of land and tremendous numbers of people affected，as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the proce.”

在這段話中，根據(jù)result from可以推斷出有因果關(guān)系，那如果是解釋句子題時，選項中有因果關(guān)系就可以優(yōu)先考慮。

C 反映，體現(xiàn)(果-因)：reflect、present、demonstrate、suggest、imply

D 考慮到：given、considering、in view of、thanks to、according to

He succeeded thanks to(in view of)his effort.E 依賴于：rely on、depend on、resort to

He resorted to books when he had problems.F 條件關(guān)系：when、once、as soon as、As long as

As soon as he got the money, he would leave the country at once.G 分詞短語，不定式做狀語：Failing in the final exam, she cried.在漫長的30分鐘四級聽力中，最怕的就是撿了芝麻，丟了西瓜。最重要的信息經(jīng)常會因為一時疏忽而丟掉分?jǐn)?shù)。所以，在四級聽力中，一定要抓住以下這七類關(guān)鍵詞!

一、轉(zhuǎn)折性詞匯

學(xué)會聽轉(zhuǎn)折詞匯，如yet, however, though, whereas, unfortunately, unexpectedly, instead, rather than, other than, to be frank, frankly speaking, to tell you the truth,etc.二、邏輯類詞匯

表原因：because, because of, for, as, due to, owing to, in that, now that, according to;

表結(jié)果：therefore, so, as a result, consequently, eventually;

表遞進(jìn)：apart from, in addition, furthermore, what's more, moreover,etc.三、最高級詞匯

形容詞和副詞的最高級最需要關(guān)注，如most importantly, the most popular...the biggest of...四、事實羅列詞匯

在諸如actually, in fact, as a matter of fact,etc.這些詞匯后可能是關(guān)鍵的考點

五、序數(shù)詞

如the first, firstly and finally

六、情態(tài)動詞

如sb.has got to, can , could, may, might, need,should, ought to,etc

七、重要形容詞

表示重要的詞本身就很重要呢，如important, crucial, chief,major,significant, the only, unique, essential, necessary, vital, etc.四級作文常用的70個基本術(shù)語，考前趕緊背下來吧!

1.接觸各種思想/經(jīng)歷：be exposed to new ideas/experiences/problems

2.人們認(rèn)為：it is generally/widely believed/held/agreed that

3.許多問題：a host/ number of problem

4.引起人們注意：claim call/attract general/public/world attention to sth.5.意識到：there is a growing awareness(知道)/realization of/that，awaken sb.To the fact/danger

6.適應(yīng)新的形勢/變化：adapt/adjust/accommodate(使適應(yīng))oneself to new environment/ change

7.越來越：be increasingly +adj.，be on the rise，a growing number of

8.接觸社會：come into frequent/close contact with the world/society

9.獲得成功：achieve/accomplish success

10.提出觀點/建議：advance/put forward/come up with the arguments/ideas/suggestions

11.作出努力：make tremendous(極大的)/persistent(持久穩(wěn)固的)/sustained(持續(xù)不變的)effort to do sth.，take great pains to do(with work/study)

12.影響學(xué)習(xí)：interfere with studies/work

13.產(chǎn)生影響：have/exert a profound(深刻的)influence on life/personality，have a dramatic/ undesirable(令人不快的)effect on

14.較好地駕馭生活：be a better pilot of one’s life

15.剝奪機(jī)會/權(quán)力：deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity

16.取代：substitute(替代)for/take the place of the old way

17.采取措施：take effective steps/measures to

18.控制我們的環(huán)境：take/gain increasing control over our own environment

19.躲避危險/挑戰(zhàn)：shy(躲避)/run away from the dangers/challenge

20.滿足要求：meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of

21.補償損失：compensate for / make up for the loss/damage

22.解釋某現(xiàn)象：account for / explain the phenomenon

23.對??很好的了解：have a better understanding/appreciation of，have a new perspective(觀點)on，provide/gain an insight into

24.把某因素考慮進(jìn)去：takesth.into account(consideration)，give much thought to

25.品位人生/自由青春：savor the life/freedom/youth

26.培養(yǎng)對??的信心：develop/foster one’s interest/confidence in

27.經(jīng)歷變化/困難/艱險：undergo/experience great changes/hardships/experience

28.表現(xiàn)出自信心等： project one’s confidence/feeling/image

29.生活充滿不公正的地方：life is full of minor irritation/injustice

30.追求學(xué)習(xí)/職業(yè)：pursue one’s academic(理論的)interest/professional career

31.學(xué)習(xí)知識/技術(shù)：pursue/acquire knowledge/technology/skill

32.被看作學(xué)習(xí)的??榜樣：be held up as a good example

33.交流經(jīng)驗/知識：share experience/ideas/problems/knowledge

34.發(fā)揮/起到重要作用：play an(important/active/great)role/part

35.逃學(xué)/缺課：skip school/a class/a meeting/a lecture

36.知識/經(jīng)驗豐富：rich in knowledge/experience

37.確立/追求目標(biāo)：set/pursue a goal/higher standard

38.到達(dá)目標(biāo)：achieve/accomplish/stain the goal/aim/object

39.克服困難：overcome obstacles/difficulty

40.面臨危險/困難：be confronted/faced with/in the face of danger/difficulty

41.阻礙了成功：stand in the way of success，be an obstacle(障礙)/barrier to success/ growth

42.阻礙了發(fā)展：hamper/impede/stunt the development of 43.持傳統(tǒng)的看法：hold conventional wisdom 44.發(fā)表看法：voice/express one’s opinion 45.持相反/合理的觀點：take the opposite/fresh view 46.揭穿某種一貫的說法：shatter the myth of 47.求得幫助：enlist one’s support/help 48.建立在大量的學(xué)習(xí)/實踐上：build on tremendous amount of study/practice 49.把成功/錯誤歸咎于：attribute/own the success/failure to 50.對??重要：be indispensable/important/vital to 51.施加壓力：put/exert a academic pressure on 52.重視：assign/attach much importance/significance to 53.強(qiáng)調(diào)：place/put much emphasis/stress/value on 54.把注意力集中在：focus/concentrate one’s attention/efforts/thoughts upon 55.提供機(jī)會/信息：provide/offer/furnish an opportunity/information for sb.56.抓住機(jī)會：grab/seize/take the opportunity 57.得到機(jī)會：enjoy/gain access to a opportunity/likelihood that 58.有可能：there is(little/much)possibility/likelihood that，chances/the odds(可能的機(jī)會)are that

59.展開競爭：compete against/with sb.for the prize/position/control/the mastery of

60.開展運動：conduct(carryon/undertake/initiate/launch/wage)a vigorous/nation-wide/ publicity/advertising)

61.對我很有/沒有什么意義：make much/little sense to me

62.帶來無窮的幸福/滿足：be a source of happiness satisfaction/contentment(滿意)/pride/ complaint

63.獻(xiàn)身于：devote/dedicate/commit oneself to a cause /career

64.大不(沒什么)兩樣：make much(little/no)difference

65.真正重要的是：what really matters/accounts is??

66.改變生活旅程：change/alter the course of life

67.縮小差別：bridge/narrow/fell the gap/gulf(between city and country)

68.進(jìn)行調(diào)查/執(zhí)行任務(wù)：conduct/carry out an study/task/experiment

69.辭去工作/學(xué)習(xí)：leave/quit one’s job/work/school

70.參加考試/競賽等：enter(for)the examination/contest, race

第四篇：秘書四級真題

一、案例分析(第1題20分，第2題30分，共50分)

1.請看案例分析素材_秘書四級A-01錄像，找出錄像中秘書行為及工作環(huán)境中正確或錯誤的地方（每題連續(xù)播放兩遍，應(yīng)至少找出10處正誤點）。（錄像略）

2.請看案例分析素材_秘書四級B-03錄像，找出錄像中秘書行為及工作環(huán)境中正確或錯誤的地方（每題連續(xù)播放兩遍，應(yīng)至少找出15處正誤點）。（錄像略）

二、操作題(第3題～第4題，每題15分，第5題20分，共50分)3.便 條

鐘苗：

劉明副總經(jīng)理下個月要接待福建翔遠(yuǎn)公司考察團(tuán)。請你將制定接待計劃的工作程序以及注意事項用電子郵件發(fā)給我。另外，王鋼總經(jīng)理將要到美國考察，還請你把商務(wù)旅行計劃應(yīng)包括的內(nèi)容列出來，于周五前與上述郵件一起發(fā)給我。謝謝！行政經(jīng)理 ××

××年×月×日

4.便 條

鐘秘書：

定于下周一上午9：00召開的2月份的總經(jīng)理辦公會，目前決定上會的事項有：研究總經(jīng)理助理的人選問題、3月份組織青年員工參加野外拓展訓(xùn)練活動的實施問題、春節(jié)慰問老職工的費用額度問題、生產(chǎn)部主管人員調(diào)整問題以及春節(jié)后如何開展2007年第一次的春季商品促銷活動。請你將擬寫的會議議程于明天一早交給我（注：請考生在備注中說明自己安排事項先后的原因）。另外，我正在修訂公司的會議管理規(guī)定，請你就會議時間的長短問題談?wù)勀愕目捶?。行政?jīng)理××

××年×月×日

5.便 條

鐘苗:

現(xiàn)公司的檔案分類采用分類法，其中所要求的判定檔案文件所屬內(nèi)容有些文員還不掌握。請你以文字形式向他們介紹分類法的特點，說明如何正確判定檔案文件所屬。

行政經(jīng)理 ××

××年×月×日

第五篇：英語四級翻譯題

1.It作形式主語時的常用句型

㈠形式一：It is+形容詞+that/wh-從句

例：It is important_____________________(保持生態(tài)平衡)。

答案：that we should keep the balance of nature

(本題考查It 作形式主語時的用法，英語中的主語從句有時為了避免頭重腳輕，常用it 作形式主語，而真正的主語用that引導(dǎo)放在后面)

㈡形式二：It+不及物動詞+that?

例：He has been here only three days and_______________________(由此可見他對那事一無所知)。

答案：it follows that he knows nothing about that

(本題考查 It+不及物動詞+that?結(jié)構(gòu)，注意前后句子時態(tài)的一致)

㈢形式三：It+be+名詞+that?

例：It is our wish that__________________(他愛怎么樣就怎么樣)

答案：he does what he pleases

(本題考查 It作形式主語的同時，涉及了考試大虛擬語氣的考查，在it is our wish/hope that 等結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句子的謂語動詞要用should+動詞原形這樣的虛擬語氣)

㈣形式四：It+be+done+that?

例：It is said that____________________(宇宙形成于一次大爆炸以后)

答案：the universe formed after the Big Explode

(本題考查 It作形式主語的用法，常用于It+be+done+that?，結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有report, announce, expert等，常譯為“據(jù)說”，“據(jù)報道”)

1.He told us not to wait for him because___________________(他是否來還不敢肯定)。

2.He has no intention of making progress so__________________(你老是幫助他是沒有用的)

3.（后來證實）________________she is a friend of my sister.4.Nevertheless,_________________(不可否認(rèn)的是)，it can bring some side-effects

答案：

1.it was uncertain whether he would come

2.it is no use that you always help him

3.It turned out that

4.it cannot be denied that 模擬演練：

1.She never laughed,_____________________(也從不發(fā)脾氣)。

2.All the key words in the article are printed in bold type so as to__________________(吸引讀者的注意力)。

3.The room is in a terrible mess,it____________________(肯定沒打掃過)。

4.（這個計劃成功的關(guān)鍵）____________________is good planning.5.When I __________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)他騙我)I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.答案：

1.nor did she ever lose temper/become angry

(本題有兩個考察點，第一，表示“兩個都不”的否定詞應(yīng)該用nor，要把它置于句首句子要有倒裝，第二，“發(fā)脾氣”的表達(dá)法：lose temper/become angry)

2.draw /attract reader’s attention

(考察draw /attract reader’s attention “引起某人注意”，so as to 后接do sth.)

3.can’t have been cleaned

(“情態(tài)動詞+have done”表示推測，can’t表示不可能，如考試大推測的事為過去式，則情態(tài)動詞后用完成式)

4.The key to the success of this project

(key在這里解答、關(guān)鍵，其后一般接介詞to)

5.found/caught him cheating me

(本題考察find/catch+賓語+賓補結(jié)構(gòu)，表示發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事，cheat是及物動詞，直接接賓語）2否定句

㈠部分否定句

部分否定句雖然是否定句的形式，但其否定意義只局限于整體的一部分。其形式為：概括詞all, both, every, everybody, everything, everywhere, always, altogether, entirely和wholly等。

例：There is a famous proverb saying that_______________________(閃光的東西并非都是金子）

答案：all that glitters is not gold

(本題主要考察部分否定句。該諺語中，that glitters是一個定語從句，修飾前面的all)㈡完全否定句

完全否定句是針對部分否定句而言，這種否定是徹底的。其形式為：no,none等否定詞+肯定式謂語，常見的可以用于這一句型的否定意義的詞有：no, none, nobody, nowhere, anyhow, neither, never等，在這一句型中，不定代詞不能做主語。還有一種形式為all等概括詞+肯定式謂語+含否定意義的詞。

例：Cheap as it is,but__________________(我今天無論如何都買不到)

答案：anyhow I will not buy it today

(本題主要考察完全否定句，anyhow意思是“無論如何都不”)

1.Don’t you be told that __________________(這兩本書并非都是有益的)

2.Although most people like music,____________________________(但并非人人都想去聽音樂會)

3.____________________________(他的一切計劃都泡湯了),so don’t count on his fulfilling the task on time.4.He is so excited_______________________________(他此時此刻的心情是無法用語言來形容的)

答案：

1.both of the books are not helpful 2.everyone don’t want to go to the concert

3.All his plan came to nothing 4.that none of the words can describe his feelings ㈢雙重否定句

①其形式一為：主語+cannot+help/refrain/keep+from+動名詞。Help from, refrain from, keep from等詞具有“抑制，忍住”等否定含義，與cannot等連用，具有雙重否定的意義。

例：Having won the gold medal,___________________(他禁不住喜形于色)。

答案：he could not refrain from showing his pleasure.(本題考察雙重否定句，refrain from的意思是“克制，避免”)

②其形式二為：主語+cannot+but/choose but/help but+動詞原形。

例：_______________________(我們別無選擇只好另投旅館住宿)，since all the hotels here are with signs “Be Booked Up”.答案：We could not help but look for another one to stay in.(本題考察雙重否定句，“cannot help but”句型，注意這里but后要用動詞原形。)

③其形式三為：（There be）no+主語+but+謂語。在此句型中，but是關(guān)系代詞，即代替前面的名詞，又引導(dǎo)后面的從句，并且具有否定意義。

例：He is so devoted to his experiment that______________________(沒有人感覺不到他對事業(yè)的熱愛)。

答案：not a man/no man but felt his love to his career

(本題考察雙重否定句型，“no+主語+but+謂語”，no相當(dāng)于not a 或 not any)

1.___________________(我們?nèi)滩蛔⌒ζ饋?when he finished the story.2.______________________(人們不能不被他的事跡所感動)after knowing the bachelor has adopted five orphans.3.Don’t always stick to routines ,and you must know___________________(沒有無例外的規(guī)則)。

答案：

1.We could not help laughing

2.One cannot but be moved by his deeds

3.there is no rule but has its exceptions 3.判斷句

㈠強(qiáng)調(diào)判斷句

① 形式一：主語+be+no/none+other than/but+表語（強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容）

The man who stolen my watch was ______________________(不是別人，正是約翰)。no other than John ② 形式二：主語+be+nothing+(else)but/else than/less than+表語

例：The rich have their annoyances because ________________(有些人除了錢之外一無所有)。

答案：someone have nothing but money

（本題考察強(qiáng)調(diào)判斷句型“主語+be+nothing+(else)but”,the rich 意思是“富人”，屬于“the+形容詞”表示一類人或物，表示一類人作主語時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，表示抽象事物時，謂語用單數(shù)。

③ 形式三：It is/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+從句

例：________________________(做那個實踐的正是我父親)in the lab yesterday.答案：It was my father who did the experiment.(本題考察強(qiáng)調(diào)判斷句型,強(qiáng)調(diào)的賓語是the experiment,引導(dǎo)詞用who)

1.The tall figure that I saw__________________(不是別人，正是我們的校長)。

2.To everyone’s surprise,_____________(他只是一味的笑)。

3._____________________(這正是我父親做的那個試驗)in the lab yesterday.答案：1.was none other than our president

2.he did nothing else than laugh

3.It was the experiment that my father did

（二）正反判斷句

① 形式一 ：主語+be +not+表語A +but+表語B

例：There are different opinions about the true meaning of life, but most people believe that_________________________________(生命并不一定要漫長，但是要五彩繽紛)。

答案：life is not always long but it must be amazing

(本題考察正反判斷句，注意but后如果是一個完整的句子，主語一定要和前面的保持一致)

② 形式二：（It is）not ?that(who)?,but? that(who)?

例：It is not that I dislike the work,_________________________(而是我沒有時間)

答案：but that I have no time

(本題考察正反判斷句，注意“not that ?but that”中的兩個that 均不能省略)

1.I am badly ill,______________________________(不是肉體上，而是精神上)。2.It is not heroes who create the people, but the people ______________________(創(chuàng)造英雄并推動歷史向前)。

3.It is a big joke that _________________________(無論何時我聽到它都忍不住笑起來)。

答案：

1.not bodily, but mentally 2,who create heroes and move history onward 3.I can’t help laughing whenever I hear it ㈢比較判斷句

① 形式一：主語+be +less/more+表語A+ than+表語B

例：He does everything with great care but I think ________________________(與其說他謹(jǐn)慎，不如說他是怯懦)。

答案：he is more poltroon than cautious.(本題考察比較判斷句型“more ? than ”的用法，它的意思是“與其說?不如說?”，more和than后接對稱成分)

② 形式二：主語+be +not so much+表語A +as+表語B

例：Judging from his words, we can know that___________________________(他不是生病，而是情緒低落)。

答案：he isn’t so much ill as depressed.(本題考察比較判斷句型 not so much ? as, 意思是“不是?而是?”)

③ 形式三：主語+be+ rather表語A+ than+ 表語B

例：He who can recite 500 poems_____________________________(與其說他聰明，不如說他勤奮。)

答案：is rather diligent than clever

(本題考察比較判斷句型“rather ? than”的用法，它的意思是“與其說?不如說?”，和rather than后接對稱成分)

1.One blind man says that____________________________(與其說大象像別的東西，不如說它像一根長矛。）

2.Scientists believe that_____________________________(與其說海洋分隔了世界，倒不如說海洋連接了各國。）

1.the elephant is more like a spear than anything else 2.Oceans don’t so much divide the world as unite it 4.倍數(shù)表示句型

①形式一：主語+be+倍數(shù)+that of+被比較對象/as+形容詞+as+被比較對象

例：By that time we shall________________(生產(chǎn)的糧食將比2006年增加了3倍)。

答案：produce four times as much grain as we did 2006

(本題考察倍數(shù)表達(dá)法，倍數(shù)表達(dá)法要分清是原來的幾倍，此題“增加了3倍”即是原來的四倍，另外，as?as中間要用形容詞原型。)