第一篇：熟詞僻義影響英語成績(jī)的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?/a>

第二篇：考研熟詞僻義詞

考研熟詞僻義詞

（一）absorb /Eb5sR:b/ v [T] 忍耐；忍受： absorb the additional hardships（忍受額外的困苦）During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income.[2007 Text 3]（與此同時(shí)，家庭成員的退休收入也要承擔(dān)更多風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）【常見義】v [T]吸收；吸進(jìn)

act /Akt/ n [C] 行為；舉動(dòng)：This dreadful murder is surely the act of a madman.（這種令人驚駭?shù)闹\殺純粹是瘋子的行為。）This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one.[2007 Text 1]（這次實(shí)驗(yàn)的成功，加上后來那些表明記憶力不是由遺傳決定的實(shí)驗(yàn)，使埃里克森得出結(jié)論：記憶行為與其說是一種直覺活動(dòng)，不如說是一種認(rèn)知活動(dòng)。）Instead, the studies ended up giving their name to the“Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very act of being experimented upon changes subjects? behavior.[2010 Section I]（出人意料的是，人們最終以將這些研究的結(jié)果命名了為“霍桑效應(yīng)”——一種極具影響力的觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為僅僅成為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象這一舉動(dòng)就足以使受試者的行為發(fā)生改變。）Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required legislative approval in Virginia.[2008 Text 4]（而僅僅在那之前的十年，這樣的行為在弗吉尼亞還需要得到立法機(jī)構(gòu)的批準(zhǔn)。）n [C]（立法機(jī)構(gòu)所立的）法案，法令：Parliament has passed an act which makes such sports illegal.（議會(huì)通過了一項(xiàng)法例，規(guī)定這些娛樂是非法的。）The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts.[2013 Text 4]（唯一主要的反對(duì)來自大法官安東寧·斯卡利亞，他為州特權(quán)提供了更加強(qiáng)有力的辯護(hù)，這些州特權(quán)可回溯到《外國人與煽動(dòng)叛亂法》這一法案。）【常見義】v [I, T]扮演 v [I]行動(dòng)

address /E5dres/ v [T]（尤指正式地）向（某人或聽眾）講話： The chairman will now address the meeting.（現(xiàn)在由主席向與會(huì)者講話。）Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different.[2002 Text 1]（因此，談話對(duì)象不同，所談的問題也不同。）v [T] 提出；提交（口頭或書面的報(bào)告）以引起??的注意：address a protest to the faculty senate（向校評(píng)議會(huì)提交抗議書）Regrettably, however, the report?s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.[2014 Text 4]（然而，令人遺憾的是，該報(bào)告未能指出文科教育面臨的危機(jī)的實(shí)質(zhì)，故其帶來的弊大于利。）v [T] 應(yīng)對(duì)；處理： Governments have been slow to address the problem of global warming.（政府在應(yīng)對(duì)全球變暖問題上動(dòng)作遲緩。）Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notesthat the situation will improve only when there are comprehensive programs that address the many needs of the homeless.[2006 Section I]（《波士頓環(huán)球報(bào)》的記者克里斯·里迪指出，只有通過綜合規(guī)劃來滿足無家可歸者的各種需求，情況才能夠得到改善。）【常見義】n [C]住址；地址

agent /5eIdVEnt/ n [C] 原動(dòng)力；動(dòng)因： Technological advances are the chief agents;of change.（技術(shù)進(jìn)步是變革的主要推動(dòng)力。）Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent;of evolution has gone.[2000 Passage 2]（由于大部分的變異是由基因引起的，所以又一個(gè)影響進(jìn)化的因素消失了。）【常見義】n [C]代理人，經(jīng)紀(jì)人

air /eE/ n [C] 氣質(zhì)，風(fēng)度：smile with a triumphant air（帶著勝利神情的微笑）Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert?s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” [2011 Text 1]（甚至在《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》上發(fā)表文章支持任命吉爾伯特的托馬西尼，都稱其為“一位謙遜的音樂家，在他身上沒有指揮家那種令人望而生畏的神態(tài)”。）【常見義】n [U]空氣

anchor / 5ANkE(r)/ n [C] 主持人；主播： He signed off after nineteen years as CBS news anchor.（在做了 19 年哥倫比亞廣播公司新聞節(jié)目主持人后，他辭職不干了。）Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling.[2006 Text 4]（快餐食客們、新聞主播們以及發(fā)送短信息者，都在微笑，微笑，微笑。）【常見義】n [C]錨

answer /5B:nsE(r)/ n [sing]（地位、作用等方面的）對(duì)應(yīng)物；相當(dāng)?shù)娜耍?The press called her Britain?s answer to Marilyn Monroe.（新聞界稱她為英國的瑪麗蓮·夢(mèng)露。）[2013 Text 1] Overdressed is the fashion world?s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan?s The Omnivore’s Dilemma.[2013 Text 1] 邁克爾·波倫的《雜食者的困境》一書是維護(hù)消費(fèi)者權(quán)益的暢銷書，而《過度時(shí)裝消費(fèi)》則相當(dāng)于時(shí)尚界的《雜食者的困境》?！境Ｒ娏x】n [C]回答 v [I, T] 回答

appeal /E5pi:l/ v [I]（對(duì)某人）有吸引力；（使某人）感興趣：The idea of camping has never appealed to me.（對(duì)露營這種想法我從來就不感興趣。）If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators.[2007 Part C]（如果有關(guān)法律的研習(xí)正開 始成為普通教育的重要組成部分，那么它的目的和方法應(yīng)該會(huì)即刻吸引新聞學(xué)教育者。）【常見義】v [I]（向上級(jí)法院）上訴

appetite /5ApItaIt/ n [C, U] 欲求： an insatiable appetite for books（對(duì)書籍永不滿足的欲望）Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences;family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity;systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc.[2009 Part C]（比如，宗教團(tuán)體的成立是為了保衛(wèi)統(tǒng)治階層的利益和抵御邪惡勢(shì)力；家庭生活的建立是為了滿足身體的欲望和維系家族長久；有組織的勞動(dòng)的興起很大程度上是因?yàn)榕`制度的產(chǎn)生，等等。）【常見義】 n [U]胃口；食欲

approach /E5prEUtF/ v [T] 處理；對(duì)付： Governments tend to approach the issue from different angles.（政府傾向于從多個(gè)角度處理這個(gè)問題。）Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally（or collaboratively）and innovatively.[2009 Text 1]（20世紀(jì) 60 年代末，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)人類生來具有四種主要的應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的方法：分析的方法、程式化的方法、相關(guān)聯(lián)的方法（也稱協(xié)作性方法）和創(chuàng)新性的方法。）The way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing?s impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.[2011 Text 3]（如今消費(fèi)者對(duì)于做出購買決定這一過程的處理方式，意味著市場(chǎng)營銷的影響力來自于傳統(tǒng)付費(fèi)媒介以外的廣泛因素。）【常見義】n [C]道路；方法

argue /5B:gju/ v [I, T] 堅(jiān)持，主張：The speaker argued that more immigrants should be admitted to the country.（講演者舉出理由證明應(yīng)該允許更多的移民入境。）If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.[2003 Text 3]（他們認(rèn)為，如果鐵路公司對(duì)所有客戶平均收費(fèi)，那些可以選擇貨運(yùn)汽車或其他運(yùn)輸方式的客戶就會(huì)另作選擇，從而使剩下的客戶承擔(dān)鐵路的運(yùn)營費(fèi)用。）Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? [2005 Text 1]（還記得科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為吸煙會(huì)致人死亡，而懷疑者們卻堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為我們對(duì)此尚不能確定的那些年嗎？）【常見義】v [I, T]爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵

arm /B:m / v [T] 提供（設(shè)備，信息等）；配備： I?ll need to arm myself with all the facts before meeting them formally.（在與他們正式見面前，我需要了解所有的事實(shí)。）Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise.[2004 Text1]（有的人用它來密切關(guān)注對(duì)于本行業(yè)的市場(chǎng)需求或搜集有關(guān)薪水的信息以備加薪談判時(shí)胸有成竹。）【常見義】 n [C]手臂

assume /E5sju:m/ v [T] 呈現(xiàn)；具有（特定的性質(zhì)、外表或程度）： Militant activity had assumed epidemic proportions.（軍事活動(dòng)呈蔓延之勢(shì)。）In them we can see biophilia—a yearning for contact with nonhuman life—assuming uncanny representational forms.[2013 Part C]（從中，我們可以看到人類親近大自然的天性（對(duì)接觸非人類生命的渴望）呈現(xiàn)出一種奇特的表現(xiàn)形式。）【常見義】v [T]假定，認(rèn)為

attack /E5tAk/ n [C，U] 抨擊；非難： an attack;on the government?s policies（對(duì)政府政策的抨擊）The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles;its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive.[2000 Passage 5]（對(duì)野心的抨擊比比皆是，并且角度各不相同；公開為雄心辯解的人則寥寥無幾，雖然他們不至于毫無吸引力，但卻無法給人留下深刻印象。）【常見義】v [I, T]進(jìn)攻；攻擊

bar /bB: / n [S] 法律專業(yè)（人士），法律界： Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.[2014 Text 2]（另一種提議是主張學(xué)生在法學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)兩年后就進(jìn)行司法考試。）【常見義】n [C]棍，棒；酒吧

bear /beE(r)/ v [T] 承擔(dān)；擔(dān)負(fù)： the expert?s fee shall be borne by the tenant（專家費(fèi)要由承租人負(fù)擔(dān)）Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen—and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families?future healthcare.[2007 Text 3]（醫(yī)療保健的絕對(duì)支出和家庭所承擔(dān)的份額都提高了，最近流行的健康儲(chǔ)蓄計(jì)劃正從立法機(jī)構(gòu)延伸到沃爾瑪員工中，該計(jì)劃增加了醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)扣減額，也增加了家庭未來醫(yī)療保健方面的投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）【常見義】n [C]熊

bill /bIl/ n [C]（提交議會(huì)討論的）法案： propose a bill（提出一項(xiàng)議案）In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a draft bill;that will propose making payments to witnesses illegal and will strictly control the amount of publicity that can be given to a case before a trial begins.[2001 Section II]（為 了大力加強(qiáng)對(duì)報(bào)界的法律控制，大法官歐文勛爵將提交一份草案，提出向證人付費(fèi)將被視為非法，并且嚴(yán)格控制開庭前對(duì)案情的公開程度。）【常見義】n [C]賬單

board /bR:d/ n [C] 委員會(huì)；理事會(huì)；董事會(huì)： He sits on the company?s management board.（他是公司的管理委員。）He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear...that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.” [2002 Text 4]（他說，行醫(yī)執(zhí)照頒發(fā)委員會(huì)“必須明確表明??病人痛苦的死亡可以推定為由于醫(yī)生治療不力造成的，應(yīng)該吊銷其行醫(yī)執(zhí)照?！保境Ｒ娏x】n [C]木板

book /bUk/ v [T] 記載；把??記錄在冊(cè)： book the loss（記錄損失）And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.[2010 Text 4]（另外，缺少活力的市場(chǎng)在一定程度上反映銀行系統(tǒng)的癱瘓，為避免賬面損失，他們不愿意出售資產(chǎn)，也不愿意收購那些所謂的廉價(jià)資產(chǎn)。）【常見義】n [C]書；書籍

branch /brB:ntF/ n [C]（知識(shí)的）分科；（語言的）分系：Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.[2003 Part B]（社會(huì)科學(xué)是知識(shí)探索的一個(gè)分支，它力圖像自然科學(xué)家研究自然現(xiàn)象那樣，用理性、有序、系統(tǒng)和冷靜的方式去研究人類及其活動(dòng)。）Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing;living in “public and illustrious thoughts,” as Emersion would say, is something else.[2006 Part C]（精通人類知識(shí)的某個(gè)分支是一回事；而生活在如愛默生所說的“公眾、卓越的思考”之中，又是另外一回事。）【常見義】n [C]樹枝

buy /baI/ v [T]認(rèn)為合乎情理而接受（某事物）；相信： No one will buy that excuse.（誰也不會(huì)相信那個(gè)借口。）Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.[2005 Text 2]（許多美國人接受了這些無稽之談，結(jié)果在過去的三十多年里，差不多有一千萬煙民早早地進(jìn)了墳?zāi)?。）【常見義】v [T]購買；采購

canned /kAnd/ adj（音樂、笑聲或掌聲）預(yù)先錄好的： Is there any canned laughter in the TV programme?（在此電視劇中有預(yù)先錄制的笑聲嗎？）And hours of watching TV shows with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive way.[2007 Part B]（長時(shí)間觀看帶有錄制好笑聲的電視節(jié)目只能讓孩子被動(dòng)地處理信息。）【常見義】adj 罐裝的

capacity /kE5pAsEti/ n [C, U] 能力；才能： a child?s capacity for learning（孩子的學(xué)習(xí)能力）“Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men?s,” she observes,“it?s just that they?re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.” [2008 Text 1]（她指出：“她們承受壓力的能力甚至可能比男性更強(qiáng)，只是她們要處理的事情更多，因此她們的疲態(tài)出現(xiàn)得更早、更明顯?！保境Ｒ娏x】n [U]容量

carry /5kAri/ v [T] 備有（貨物）供銷售： The sports shop carries a full range of equipments.（這個(gè)體育用品商店有各類商品出售。）And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.[2010 Text 4]（除非銀行出售的有毒資產(chǎn)在價(jià)格上足夠吸引買家，否則銀行系統(tǒng)的復(fù)興將十分艱難。）【常見義】v [T]攜帶；搬運(yùn)

case /keIs/ n（語法）格（語言中用來表示形容詞、名詞、代詞與另一詞關(guān)系的形式）：possessive case（所有格）Mr.McWhorter?s academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.[2005 Text 4]（麥克沃特先生的專業(yè)是語言史與語言演變，他認(rèn)為諸如“whom”這一類詞的逐漸消失是自然的，與古英語中詞格尾綴的消失一樣沒什么可惋惜的。）【常見義】n [C] 事例；實(shí)例

catch /kAtF/ n [U] 所捕獲的某事物（的量）： a huge catch of fish（大量捕獲的魚）That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.[2006 Text 3]（這表明更高比例的生物正在被捕撈，因此現(xiàn)在與過去的真正差異可能比記錄的捕撈量變化所體現(xiàn)的差異更大。）【常見義】v [T]抓??；接住

celebrate /5selIbreIt/ v [T] 歌頌，贊揚(yáng)：a sonnet that celebrates love（歌頌愛情的十四行詩）In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing? [2011 Text 4]（在一個(gè)一直歌頌生育的社會(huì)中，承認(rèn)后悔生育孩子就相當(dāng)于承認(rèn)自己支持殘殺幼貓，這有什么奇怪的嗎？）【常見義】v [T]慶祝

cement /sI5ment/ v [T] 加強(qiáng)；鞏固： cement a friendship（加強(qiáng)友誼）They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research.[2014 Text 3]（它們可能會(huì)使同行評(píng)審研究的現(xiàn)狀停滯不前。）【常見義】n [U]水泥

chair /tFeE(r)/ v [T] 主持；監(jiān)管： Would you like to chair tomorrow?s meeting?（你愿意主持明天的會(huì)議嗎？）Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O?Connor is in her 70s, and former surgeon general C.Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s.[2003 Text 4]（最高法院法官桑德拉·戴·歐康奈現(xiàn)在已經(jīng) 70 多歲了，而前衛(wèi)生局局長 C.埃弗雷特·庫伯 80 多歲時(shí)還擔(dān)任一家新興互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司的負(fù)責(zé)人。）【常見義】n [C]椅子

challenge /5tFAlIndV/ v [T] 質(zhì)疑：This new discovery challenges traditional beliefs.（這項(xiàng)新的發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)觀念提出了異議。）We reason together, challenge, revise, and complete each other?s reasoning and each other?s conceptions of reason.[2012 Text 3]（我們一起思考，一起懷疑、修正和完善彼此的推理過程，以及彼此對(duì)理性的理解。）n [C]質(zhì)問；懷疑：a serious challenge to the Prime Minister's authority（對(duì)首相的權(quán)威性鄭重提出的異議）Not surprisingly, newly published discovery claims and credible discoveries that appear to be important and convincing will always be open to challenge and potential modification or refutation by future researchers.[2012 Text 3]（新發(fā)表的看似至關(guān)重要且有說服力的發(fā)現(xiàn)聲明和可靠發(fā)現(xiàn)總是會(huì)受到質(zhì)疑，并且可能會(huì)被后來的研究者修改或者反駁，這不足為奇。）【常見義】v [T]挑戰(zhàn) n [C] 挑戰(zhàn)

check /tFek/ v [T] 阻礙；制止：check an impulse to laugh（抑止住想要笑的沖動(dòng)）The police are failing to take adequate measures to check the growth in crime.[2000 Passage 5]（警方未能采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣碜柚狗缸锫噬仙?。）【常見義】v [T]檢查

clash /klAF/ n [C] 沖突；爭(zhēng)論： The plans put oil companies in a head-on clash;with environmentalists.（這些計(jì)劃使石油公司和環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者發(fā)生了正面沖突。）The astonishing distrust of the news media isn?t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash;of world views between reporters and their readers.[2001 Passage 3]（對(duì)新聞媒體出奇的不信任并不是源于報(bào)道失實(shí)或報(bào)道水平欠佳，而是源于記者和讀者每天都發(fā)生著的世界觀的沖突。）【常見義】n [C]碰撞聲；撞擊聲

class /klB:s/ v [T] 把??分類；將??歸類： Heroin and cocaine are classed as hard drugs.（海洛因和可卡因歸入硬毒品一類。）With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be—even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as Literature.[2000 Passage 3]（然而，對(duì)于未來主義詩歌而言，情況卻很難說。因?yàn)闊o論未來主義詩歌什么樣，即使承認(rèn)其理論依據(jù)可能是正確的，也很難將其歸類于文學(xué)。）n [C] 種類： a rare class of butterflies（一類稀有的蝴蝶）It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.” [2010 Text 2]（它“有可能導(dǎo)致一整類商業(yè)方法專利被撤銷”。）【常見義】n [C]階級(jí)；班級(jí)；課

cloak /klEUk/ v [T] 隱藏；覆蓋；掩飾： She cloaked her embarrassment by rushing into speech.（她急忙開口說話，以掩飾自己的尷尬。）Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” [2011 Text 2]（他沒有用一些常見的模棱兩可的借口掩飾自己的離開，反而坦言離職是為了“追求自己經(jīng)營一家公司的目標(biāo)”。）【常見義】n [C]斗篷；披風(fēng)

cloud /klaUd/ v [T] 毀壞（某事物）；威脅： I hope this disagreement won?t cloud our friendship.（我希望這一分歧不會(huì)影響我們的友誼。）A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.[2011 Text 2]（同時(shí)，動(dòng)蕩的商業(yè)環(huán)境也使得高級(jí)經(jīng)理人格外小心，避免讓模糊不清的表態(tài)給自己的名譽(yù)蒙上陰影。）【常見義】n [C, U]云

code /kEUd/ n [C] 行為準(zhǔn)則；行為規(guī)范： The profession has a strict code of practice.（這一行有嚴(yán)格的行業(yè)守則。）The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.[2002 Text 4]（醫(yī)學(xué)界正采取措施讓年輕的醫(yī)生在晚期病人療養(yǎng)所接受培訓(xùn)，檢驗(yàn)各種大膽的鎮(zhèn)痛療法方面的知識(shí)，為醫(yī)院所提供的臨終關(guān)懷制定醫(yī)療收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，同時(shí)也為評(píng)估和處理病人彌留之際的病痛建立新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。）Part of the problem is that the justices are not bound by an ethics code.[2012 Section I]（部分原因在于法官并不為道德規(guī)范所約束。）【常見義】n [C, U]密碼；代碼

comb /kEUm/ v [T] 細(xì)查；搜尋： Police combed the area for the murder weapon.（警察在這個(gè)地區(qū)仔細(xì)搜索兇器。）In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans combed antique dealers? stores in Athens, Greece.19[2014 Part B]（世紀(jì)末期，英國考古學(xué)家亞瑟·埃文斯爵士逐一搜尋了希臘雅典的古玩店。）【常見義】n [C]梳子

community /kE5mju:nEtI/ n [CGp]（由同宗教、同種族、同職業(yè)或其他共同特征的人組成的）團(tuán)體；界：The police haven?t really done anything for the black community in particular.（警方并沒有特別為黑人團(tuán)體做什么。）On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.[2002 Text 4]（另一方面，許多醫(yī)學(xué)界的人承認(rèn)，協(xié)助病人自殺的爭(zhēng)論之所以升溫，部分原因是病人的絕望情緒。對(duì)他們來說，現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)只是延長了他們彌留之際肉體上的苦痛。）n [C]（生態(tài)）群落：communities of insectivorous birds（食蟲鳥類群落）Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.[2010 Part C]（然而，這些生物卻是生物群落的成員，如果生物群落的穩(wěn)定性取決于其完整性，那么這些生物就有權(quán)繼續(xù)生存下去。）【常見義】n [C] 社會(huì)；社區(qū)

company /5kQmpEnI/ n [U] 陪伴：I enjoy his company.（我喜歡和他在一起。）As was discussed before, it was not until the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic medium, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the company of the periodical.[2002 Section II]（正如前面所講的，直到 19 世紀(jì)，報(bào)紙才繼小冊(cè)子和圖書之后，與期刊一起，成為電子時(shí)代到來之前的最重要的傳播媒介。）【常見義】n [C]公司；商行

conceive /kEn5si:v/ v [I, T] 懷孕；受孕：She was told she couldn't conceive.（她得知自己不能懷孕。）Soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania.[2007 Text 1]（酷愛足球運(yùn)動(dòng)的父母更有可能在春季懷孕，因?yàn)槟鞘且荒曛凶闱蚩駸岬膸p峰季節(jié)。）【常見義】v [I, T]構(gòu)思；想象

constitutes /5kCnstItju:t/ v [T] 是；被算作： The rise in crime constitutes a threat to society.（犯罪率上升是對(duì)社會(huì)的威脅。）A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper.[2001 Passage 1]（只要比較一下過去的一個(gè)半世紀(jì)里的英國地質(zhì)學(xué)刊物就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，不僅僅是研究的首要地位越來越受到強(qiáng)調(diào)，而且學(xué)術(shù)文章的發(fā)表標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也在發(fā)生改變。）【常見義】 v [T]組成；構(gòu)成

考研熟詞僻意

（二）contend /kEn5tend/ v [T] 主張（某事物）；爭(zhēng)辯；認(rèn)為，聲稱： I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil.（我認(rèn)為失業(yè)是我們社會(huì)最為嚴(yán)重的弊病。）Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient medication to control their pain if that might hasten death.” [2002 Text 4]（蒙特非奧爾醫(yī)療中心主任南希·道布勒認(rèn)為，這一原則將庇護(hù)那些醫(yī)生——他們“直到現(xiàn)在還堅(jiān)定地認(rèn)為，如果加大劑量可能會(huì)加速病人死亡，他們總不能給病人足夠的藥物來控制他們的痛苦?！保㊣t is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town?s revenue because they spend the night（some of them four or five nights）pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.[2006 Text 2]（皇家莎士比亞劇團(tuán)聲稱，看戲的人為小鎮(zhèn)帶來了大量的收入，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)诖诉^夜（有些甚至住四到五個(gè)夜晚），把大把大把的錢花在酒店以及飯店中。）But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.[2012 Text 1]（但是蒂娜?羅森堡在其新書《加入俱樂部》中主張，通過她所說的社會(huì)治療，朋輩壓力也可以成為一種積極的力量。在社會(huì)治療的過程中，各機(jī)構(gòu)及官員運(yùn)用群體動(dòng)力來幫助個(gè)人改善生活，并有可能改變世界。）【常見義】v [I, T]爭(zhēng)斗；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

course /kR:s/ n [S]（時(shí)間的）進(jìn)程，過程：In the course of my long life I've known many changes.（我在漫長的一生中飽經(jīng)滄桑。）Visualize how you would like it to end instead;the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course.[2005 Text 3]（并設(shè)想你期望的另一種結(jié)局；下次再做類似的夢(mèng)的時(shí)候，努力及時(shí)醒來以控制夢(mèng)的進(jìn)程。）His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.[2006 Part C]（他的職責(zé)與法官相似，必須承擔(dān)這樣的責(zé)任：用盡可能明了的方式來展現(xiàn)引導(dǎo)自己作出決定的推理過程。）n [C]（船只或飛行器的）航向，航線：The course of the ship was due north.（這條船的航行方向是正北。）Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.[2015 Part C]（有時(shí)候風(fēng)暴使船只嚴(yán)重偏離航線，而風(fēng)平浪靜又常常使他們陷入漫長得難以忍受的淹留之中。）【常見義】n [C] 課程

cover /5kQvE(r)/ v [T]（新聞?dòng)浾撸﹫?bào)道： The BBC will cover all the major games of the tournament.（英國廣播公司將報(bào)道這次錦標(biāo)賽的所有重要賽事。）In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered.[2010 Text 1]（在那段遙遠(yuǎn)的歲月里，人們認(rèn)為各大報(bào) 紙的評(píng)論家應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)他們所報(bào)道的事件予以詳盡全面的描述。）【常見義】v [T]覆蓋；遮蓋

coverage /5kQvErIdV/ n [C, U] 新聞報(bào)道： media / newspaper / press coverage（媒體 /報(bào)紙 / 報(bào)刊的報(bào)道）Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.[2010 Text 1]（在過去的 25 年中，英文報(bào)紙發(fā)生的影響最為深遠(yuǎn)的變化可能就是藝術(shù)報(bào)道的范圍勢(shì)不可擋的縮減和其嚴(yán)肅性的下降。）【常見義】n [U]范圍

craft /krB:ft/ v [T] 精心制作： He crafted the chair lovingly.（他精心制作了這把椅子。）To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students? ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day.[2014 Text 4]（為了激勵(lì)創(chuàng)新和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，該報(bào)告呼吁增加科研投入，精心設(shè)計(jì)條理清晰的課程，以提高學(xué)生在 21 世紀(jì)解決問

題的能力和有效溝通的能力，呼吁增加對(duì)教師的投入，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)者應(yīng)用他們的研究來應(yīng)對(duì)如今的巨大挑戰(zhàn)。）【常見義】n [C]手藝，工藝

critical /5krItIkl/ adj 重要的；緊要的；關(guān)鍵性的： It is absolutely critical for us to know the truth.（我們知道真相是極其重要的。）“How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”, Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success.[2007 Text 2]（斯滕伯格在《智力測(cè)試有多準(zhǔn)?》一文中指出，傳統(tǒng)測(cè)試能夠很好地評(píng)估分析能力和語言能力，但無法衡量創(chuàng)造力和實(shí)踐能力，而這些也是解決問題和獲得成功的關(guān)鍵因素。）【常見義】adj 批評(píng)的；非難的

criticism /5krItIsIzEm/ n [C, U]（文學(xué)、藝術(shù)等的）評(píng)論： Literary and art criticism is a complex question which requires a great deal of special study.（文藝批評(píng)是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的問題，需要大量專門的研究。）It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.[2010 Text 1]（對(duì)于 40 歲以下的普通讀者而言，他們難以想象一個(gè)可以在大多數(shù)大城市的報(bào)紙上讀到高質(zhì)量的藝術(shù)評(píng)論的時(shí)代。）【常見義】n [U]批評(píng)；指責(zé)

crop /krCp/ v [T] 收割；收獲： the number of trout cropped each year（每年鱒魚的捕獲量）That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels.[2006 Text 3]（而發(fā)現(xiàn)這些變化很重要，因?yàn)槔碚摫砻饕粋€(gè)漁場(chǎng)只有在目標(biāo)捕撈物種的生物量保持在原始基數(shù)的 50%左右時(shí)，才能獲得最大可持續(xù)捕撈量。）【常見義】n [C]莊稼；農(nóng)作物

cultivate /5kQltIveIt/ v [T] 力求獲得某人的友誼或支持：You must cultivate people who can help you in business.（你得結(jié)交在業(yè)務(wù)上對(duì)你有用的人。）They gave justices permanent positions so they would be free to upset those in power and have no need to cultivate political support.[2012 Section I]（法官被授予終身職位，這樣他們可以無所顧慮地去觸碰當(dāng)權(quán)者，同時(shí)無需尋求政治支持。）【常見義】v [T]培養(yǎng)；栽培

curb /k:b/ n [C] 控制；約束： government curbs on spending（政府對(duì)開支的限制）Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.[2010 Text 2]（對(duì)商業(yè)方法專利申請(qǐng)的控制將是聯(lián)邦巡回法院[對(duì)該類專利]態(tài)度的徹底轉(zhuǎn)變，因?yàn)檎锹?lián)邦巡回法院自身在1998 年所謂“道富銀行案”的裁決中引入了這類專利，當(dāng)時(shí)法院批準(zhǔn)對(duì)某種共同投資資產(chǎn)的管理方法授予專利。）Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer.[2013 Text 1]（盡管有些快速時(shí)裝消費(fèi)品公司已經(jīng)在為抑制對(duì)勞動(dòng)力和環(huán)境的影響而努力，比如 H&M 公司推出了“環(huán)保意識(shí)時(shí)尚”系列，但克萊因認(rèn)為，只有消費(fèi)者才能帶來持久的改變。）【常見義】n [U]路緣

deliver /dI5lIvE(r)/ v [T] 發(fā)表（正式講話）： He will deliver a lecture on endangered species.（他將做一個(gè)關(guān)于瀕危物種的講座。）Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner.[2002 Text 1]（你可以輕松、自然地在談話中加進(jìn)一些隨意的、看似即興的評(píng)論。）【常見義】v [T]遞送、傳送（信件、包裹、貨物等）

discipline /5dIsIplIn/ n [C]學(xué)科；教學(xué)科目：When did sociology emerge as a distinct discipline?（社會(huì)學(xué)是何時(shí)成為獨(dú)立學(xué)科的？）Anthropology is a field-study oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis.[2003 Part C]（人類學(xué)是一門以實(shí)地研究為導(dǎo)向的學(xué)科，它大量使用比較分析的方法。）The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities.[2007 Part C]（幾百年來，法律研習(xí)在歐洲大學(xué)中一直被認(rèn)為是一門基礎(chǔ)的知識(shí)學(xué)科。）【常見義】n [U] 紀(jì)律

dismiss /dIs5mIs/ v [T] 拒絕考慮；否認(rèn)： He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic.（他只是笑了笑，認(rèn)為我的建議不切實(shí)際，拒絕考慮。）Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits.[2009 Text 1]（我們不必把自己看作一成不變的習(xí)慣性生物，相反，我們可以通過有意識(shí)地培養(yǎng)新習(xí)慣來主動(dòng)地作出改變。）【常見義】v [T]開除；解雇

dramatic /drE5mAtIk/ adj 突然的；巨大的；令人吃驚的： The announcement had a dramatic effect on house prices.（這則公告對(duì)房屋價(jià)格產(chǎn)生了巨大影響。）The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more（and more diverse）communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways.[2011 Text 3]（同樣劇烈的技術(shù)變革為營銷人員提供了更多的且不同的通訊選擇，同時(shí)也增加了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)榍榫w激動(dòng)的消費(fèi)者會(huì)以更快、更明顯和更具破壞性的方式表達(dá)他們的意見。）【常見義】adj 戲劇的

dumb /dQm/ adj 愚蠢的： a dumb decision（愚蠢的決定）It?s hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut.[2011 Text 4]（很難想象，很多人會(huì)愚蠢到僅僅因?yàn)槿疖绾桶布惸仁股⒆涌瓷先ス怩r迷人就想要生孩子：多數(shù)成年人都明白，養(yǎng)孩子可不像剪頭發(fā)那樣簡(jiǎn)單。）【常見義】adj 啞的

embrace /Im5breIs/ v [T] 欣然接受（或支持）（某種信仰、理論、改變等）：Most countries have enthusiastically embraced the concept of high-speed railroads.（許多國家都已經(jīng)熱情高漲地接受了高速鐵路這一概念。）Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them.[2010 Text 3]（營銷人員支持“二級(jí)傳播”理論，因?yàn)樵摾碚摫砻髦灰麄兡苷业缴鐣?huì)中有影響力的人，并對(duì)其施加影響，那么這些挑選出來的人就可以為他們完成大部分的工作。）【常見義】v [T]擁抱

end /end/ n [C] 目的；目標(biāo)： She?ll do anything to achieve her own ends.（她會(huì)全力以赴實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。）“Our main end was to catch fish.”“我們主要是來這里捕魚的?！盵2009 Text 4] 【常見義】n [C]結(jié)束；終端 v [T]結(jié)束；終止

exploit /Ik5splRIt/ v [T]（為獲取利益而）利用： We need to exploit every opportunity for media coverage.（我們需要利用每一個(gè)媒體宣傳的機(jī)會(huì)。）While traditional “paid”media—such as television commercials and print advertisements—still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media.[2011 Text 3]（雖然傳統(tǒng)的“付費(fèi)”媒介——比如電視廣告和平面廣告——仍然扮演著重要的角色，但如今企業(yè)還可以利用許多其他形式的媒介。）【常見義】v [T]剝削

fabricate /5fAbrIkeIt/ v [T] 編造，虛構(gòu)： fabricate an excuse（編造借口）The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well-studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.[2004 Part B]（這些新近被描述的語言往往與已經(jīng)得到充分研究的歐洲語言及東南亞語言極其不同，以至于有些學(xué)者甚至指責(zé)博厄斯和薩皮爾偽造資料。）【常見義】v [T]制作；創(chuàng)造

fair /feE/ n [C] 集市；廟會(huì)：Every autumn I go to the county fair.（每個(gè)秋季我都去縣里的集市。）For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animal—no meat, no fur, no medicines.[2003 Text 2]（舉例來說，在最近的一次街頭集市上，一位張羅了一個(gè)動(dòng)物權(quán)利宣傳攤的老太太在發(fā)小冊(cè)子，鼓勵(lì)人們不要使用來自動(dòng)物或者在動(dòng)物身上做過實(shí)驗(yàn)的任何東西——不吃肉，不穿毛皮，也不吃藥。）【常見義】adj 公平的；公正的

fashion /5fAFn/ v [T] 改革；改變： fashion the social institutions of the old（改變舊的社會(huì)習(xí)俗）Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.[2013 Text 4]（而亞利桑那州試圖改變州政策，欲與已存在的聯(lián)邦法令并駕齊驅(qū)。）v [T] 形成；設(shè)計(jì)或制作某物： He fashioned a box from a few old pieces of wood.（他用幾塊舊木頭做了個(gè)盒子。）There is no doubt that gardens evidence an irrepressible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge.[2013 Part C]（毫無疑問，花園證實(shí)了一種不可遏制的想要?jiǎng)?chuàng)作、表達(dá)、設(shè)計(jì)和美化的強(qiáng)烈愿望，并印證了自我表達(dá)是人類的基本需求。）If the Administration won?t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures.[2005 Text 2]（如果政府沒有率先立法，國會(huì)就應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助制定相應(yīng)的保護(hù)措施。）【常見義】n [C, U]風(fēng)尚，時(shí)尚

father /5fB:TE(r)/ v [T] 做??的父親；生養(yǎng)： He fathered three children.（他有三個(gè)孩子。）They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings.[2008 Text 4]（科學(xué)家開始這方面的研究在一定程度上是由于在 1998 年獲取的 DNA 證據(jù)，這些證據(jù)幾乎毫無疑問地表明托馬斯?杰斐遜和自己的奴隸賽莉?海明斯至少生過一個(gè)孩子。）【常見義】n [C]父親

feature /5fi:tFE(r)/ n [C]（尤指報(bào)刊、節(jié)目的長篇）特寫，特別報(bào)道： a special feature on children?s reference books（一篇關(guān)于兒童參考讀物的專題文章）As a News Feature article in Nature discusses, a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years.[2014 Text 3]（據(jù)《自然》雜志的一篇新聞專題文章論述，近年來有一系列為研究人員設(shè)立的巨額獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)加入到諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的行列。）v [T] 以??為特色；是??的特征： The latest model features alloy wheels and an electronic alarm.（最新款的特色是合金車輪和電子報(bào)警器。）Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.[2006 Text 4]（雜志上總是刊登著笑容滿面的名人們以及住在漂亮房子里幸福美滿的家庭。）v [T] 特寫；突出表現(xiàn)： This month?s magazine features the new James Bond on the front cover.（本月雜志封面上有新的詹姆斯·邦德的特寫。）Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.[2011 Text 4]（實(shí)際上，每周雜志上都至少有一位面帶笑容的明星媽媽或者準(zhǔn)媽媽的特寫。）【常見義】n [C]特點(diǎn)，特征

feed /fi:d/ v [T] 供給；供應(yīng)： The public baths are fed by natural springs.（該公共浴池的水來自天然泉水。）If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.[2007 Text 1]（如果你再檢查為世界杯和職業(yè)球隊(duì)輸送人才的歐洲國家青年隊(duì)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)奇怪的現(xiàn)象更為明顯。）【常見義】v [T]喂養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng)

fertile /5f:taIl/ adj（人、動(dòng)植物）能受孕的；能生育的，有繁殖力的：Karen carefully calculated the period when she was most fertile.（卡倫仔細(xì)地計(jì)算了自己的最佳受孕期。）There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children.Few people are as fertile as in the past.[2000 Passage 2]（還有另一種方式扼殺了人類自身的進(jìn)化：壽命延長，但卻少生孩子?，F(xiàn)在沒有幾個(gè)人像過去的人那樣具有旺盛的生育能力了。）【常見義】adj（土壤、土地）肥沃的

fetch /fetF/ v [T] 售得；賣得： The land could fetch over a million pounds.（這塊地售價(jià)可超過100萬英鎊。）These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.[2010 Text 4]（這些準(zhǔn)則規(guī)定，銀行必須以第三方愿意支付的價(jià)格評(píng)估資產(chǎn)，而不應(yīng)以價(jià)格管理者們和監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)期望售出的價(jià)格來評(píng)估資產(chǎn)。）【常見義】v [T]接來；取來

field /fi:ld/ v [T] 回答： He fielded some awkward questions very skillfully.（他非常巧妙地回答了幾個(gè)尷尬的問題。）So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe(whose IQ is 100)as, what?s the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? [2007 Text 2]（因此，當(dāng)莎凡回答智商為 100 的普通人提出的諸如“愛與喜歡有何區(qū)別？”或“運(yùn)氣和巧合的本質(zhì)是什么？”這類問題時(shí)，人們不禁感到困惑。）【常見義】n [C]田地，牧場(chǎng)

figure /5fIgE/ n [C] 人物（尤其是著名人物）：a famous historical figure（一位著名的歷史人物）Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift.[2005 Text 4]（美國人已經(jīng)不再期待公眾人物在演講或?qū)懽髦羞\(yùn)用技巧和文采來駕馭英語了。）Among the commission?s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.[2014 Text 4]（該委員會(huì)的 51 名成員包括頂尖大學(xué)的校長、學(xué)者、律師、法官、企業(yè)家，以及來自外交、電影制片、音樂和新聞?lì)I(lǐng)域的杰出代表。）【常見義】n [C]數(shù)字

fold /fEUld/ v [I] 屈服；抵擋不住： a team that never folded under pressure（一支從不屈服于壓力的隊(duì)伍）The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes its reconstruction of rules later this year is strong.[2010 Text 4]（但該委員會(huì)表示不愿在沒有總體規(guī)劃的情況下貿(mào)然行動(dòng)，可是到今年稍晚些時(shí)候，當(dāng)IASB 完成自身規(guī)則的改造時(shí)，其屈服的壓力將會(huì)很大。）【常見義】v [T]折疊

forge /fR:dV/ v [T] 形成，建立（關(guān)系）： The two women forged a close bond.（兩位女士形成緊密同盟。）On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.[2007 Part C]（另一方面，它把這些概念同日常生活聯(lián)系起來，其方式與新聞?dòng)浾呙刻靾?bào)道和評(píng)論新聞時(shí)的做法是一樣的。）【常見義】v [T]鍛造；打鐵

fortune /5fR:tFu:n/ n [C] 財(cái)產(chǎn)：She pursued her fortune in another country.（她到他鄉(xiāng)尋求她的財(cái)富。）Consumers say they?re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good.[2004 Text 3]（消費(fèi)者說，盡管報(bào)紙的頭條新聞很嚇人，他們并不感到絕望，因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)自己的財(cái)富狀況仍然感覺良好。）But today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.[2007 Text 3]（但是今天，家庭收入的減少再也不能靠以前待在家里的伴侶出去賺取額外收入而得到彌補(bǔ)。）【常見義】n [U]運(yùn)氣；機(jī)會(huì)

frame /freIm/ n [C] 身體；體形： She has quite a small frame.（她身材很瘦小。）The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.[2008 Text 3]（近年來，那些從事重要體育項(xiàng)目的職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的身體發(fā)生了巨大變化，俱樂部的經(jīng)理們也非常樂意調(diào)整隊(duì)服的尺寸以適應(yīng)不斷增多的越來越大、越來越高的身軀。）【常見義】n [C]構(gòu)架

fuel /5fju:El/ v [T] 維持；煽動(dòng)（激烈的情感或活動(dòng)）： His resignation fuelled speculation of an imminent cabinet reshuffle.（他的辭職激起了人們對(duì)內(nèi)閣將隨之重組的猜測(cè)。）On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.[2002 Text 4]（另一方面，許多醫(yī)學(xué)界的人承認(rèn)，協(xié)助病人自殺的爭(zhēng)論之所以升溫，部分原因是病人的絕望情緒。對(duì)他們來說，現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)只是延長了他們彌留之際肉體上的苦痛。）【常見義】n [C, U]燃料

game /geIm/ n [U] 野禽；獵物： game birds（供獵捕的鳥）The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction.[2006 Text 3]（這些生長緩慢的大型動(dòng)物很容易被獵殺，所以很快就被獵殺殆盡。）【常見義】n [C]游戲；運(yùn)動(dòng)

gift /gIft/ n [C] 天賦；稟賦；才能： He has a gift for languages.（他有語言天賦。）“So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ?journalism? as ?a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.?” [2010 Text 1]（“擁有足夠的智力或文學(xué)天賦來堅(jiān)持新聞寫作的作家是如此之少，”紐曼寫道，“以致我忍不住把?新聞業(yè)?定義為?不受讀者歡迎的作家對(duì)那些廣受歡迎的作家的輕蔑之辭??！保境Ｒ娏x】n [C]禮物

grasp /grB:sp/ v [T] 全面理解（某事）；全面領(lǐng)會(huì)： I hadn?t really grasped what they were talking about.（我沒有真正明白他們?cè)谡務(wù)撌裁?。）Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.[2004 Text 4]（智力尋求的是領(lǐng)會(huì)、操控、重新安排和調(diào)整，而智慧旨在審視、思考、懷疑、推理、批判和想象。）It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.[2014 Part C]（這也解釋了為何當(dāng)我們力圖用語言描述音樂時(shí)只能說清對(duì)它的感受，而無法領(lǐng)會(huì)音樂本身。）【常見義】v [T]抓??；把握

ground /graUnd/ n [C esp pl]說、做或相信某事的原因或理由：They had no grounds to arrest him.（他們沒有理由逮捕他。）Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone?s cost.[2003 Text 3](鐵路公司認(rèn)為對(duì)“受制約的”托運(yùn)商實(shí)行差別收費(fèi)是合理的，理由是從長遠(yuǎn)來看，所有人的成本都會(huì)減少。)But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.[2014 Text 2](然而，沒有哪一個(gè)國家的客戶能比美國人更有理由抱怨。)【常見義】n [U]土地 n [S]地面

guide /gaId/ n [C] 有指導(dǎo)意義的事物；準(zhǔn)則： As a rough guide, allow half a cup of rice per person.（大致定個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，就是每人半杯米。）The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for.[2011 Text 3]（過去，市場(chǎng)營銷成功的大致準(zhǔn)則就是一分錢一分貨。）【常見義】v [T]引導(dǎo)；指導(dǎo)

handsome /5hAnsEm/ adj 相當(dāng)大的；可觀的： a handsome reward（一筆可觀的報(bào)酬）The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits.[2008 Text 2]（這份由澳大利亞維多利亞大學(xué)的約翰?霍頓和經(jīng)合組織的格雷姆?維克利合作撰寫的報(bào)告讓那些迄今一直獲利豐厚的出版商讀起來心情沉重。）【常見義】adj 英俊的

harness /5hB:nIs/ v [T] 統(tǒng)治；管理；支配： If you can harness your energy, you will accomplish a great deal.（如果你能控制你的精力，你將獲得巨大成功。）And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better.[2005 Text 3]（其中一位重要的權(quán)威人士表示，夢(mèng)這種極為強(qiáng)烈的精神活動(dòng)不僅能被控制，事實(shí)上還能被人類有意識(shí)地控制，以使我們睡得更好，感覺更好。）【常見義】v [T]給（馬等）上挽具；套（馬等）hawk /hR:k/ v [T] 叫賣；兜售： Street traders were hawking costume jewellery.（街頭小販正在叫賣不值錢的仿造珠寶。）“There?s a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,” says Troy Duster, a New York University sociologist.[2009 Text 2]（紐約大學(xué)的社會(huì)學(xué)家特洛伊·迪斯特說：“那些聲稱可以提供血統(tǒng)鑒定的人在兜售虛假的準(zhǔn)確度”。）【常見義】n [C]鷹；隼

hijack /5haIdVAk/ v [T]把持，控制，使用（本不屬于自己的東西）： Environmentalists were accused of hijacking the rally to promote their own aims.（環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者被指控通過操縱這一集會(huì)來促進(jìn)自身目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。）Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.[2011 Text 3]（例如，社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的用戶正認(rèn)識(shí)到，他們可以通過控制媒介來對(duì)最初創(chuàng)建這些媒介的企業(yè)施壓。）【常見義】v [T]劫持（飛機(jī)或車輛）

hit /hIt/ v [T] 達(dá)到（某事物）；至： The yen hit a record high in trading today.（在今日的交易中，日元升值到了歷史新高。）As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be.[2014 Section I]（許多人一步入中年，往往就開始注意到他們的記憶力沒有以前好了，頭腦也不如以前清晰了。）【常見義】v [T]打擊；撞擊

考研英語一熟詞僻意

（三）hold /hEUld/ v [T] 持有；懷有（觀點(diǎn)或信念）： Experts hold varying opinions as to the causes of the disease.（專家們對(duì)該病的起因各持己見。）Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect,” a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.[2002 Text 4]（雖然裁決規(guī)定，憲法沒有賦予醫(yī)生協(xié)助病人自殺的權(quán)力，但最高法院實(shí)際上還是支持“雙重效應(yīng)”的醫(yī)學(xué)原則的。這個(gè)延續(xù)了數(shù)百年的道德原則認(rèn)為：當(dāng)某個(gè)行為可能出現(xiàn)兩種結(jié)果時(shí)——一個(gè)是希望達(dá)到的好的結(jié)果，另一個(gè)是可以預(yù)見到的壞的結(jié)果——如果行為的執(zhí)行者期待的只是好的結(jié)果，那么這個(gè)行為是被允許的。）On the overturned provisions the majority held the Congress had deliberately“occupied the field” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal?s privileged powers.[2013 Text 4]（在被推翻的條款中，大多數(shù)法官認(rèn)為國會(huì)早已有意“占領(lǐng)了這塊領(lǐng)地”，因此亞利桑那州侵犯了聯(lián)邦政府享有的特權(quán)。）【常見義】v [T]握住；拿住

honor /5CnE(r)/ v [T] 給??以榮譽(yù)；向??表示尊敬： We are here today to honor the men and women who gave their lives for their country.（今天我們?cè)诖讼蚰切樽鎳I(xiàn)出生命的人們表示敬意。He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored.[2010 Text 1]（他于 1967 年被授予爵士稱號(hào)，是第一個(gè)獲此殊榮的音樂評(píng)論家。）【常見義】n [U]尊敬；榮譽(yù)

immune /I5mju:n/ adj 不受某事物影響；不易感受某事物：immune to criticism（不為批評(píng)所動(dòng)搖）Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation?s assimilative power.” [2006 Text 1]（羅德里格斯指出，全世界偏遠(yuǎn)山村的孩子們都是像阿諾·施瓦辛格與加思·布魯克斯這樣的超級(jí)巨星的影迷或歌迷，然而“一些美國人卻擔(dān)心，居住在美國境內(nèi)的許多移民不知為何仍對(duì)這個(gè)國家的同化有免疫力”。）【常見義】adj 有免疫力（因接種疫苗或自發(fā)的）

inform /In5fR:m/ v [T] 影響（某人的態(tài)度或觀點(diǎn)）： Her experience as a refugee informed the content of her latest novel.（她的難民經(jīng)歷影響了她最新推出的小說的內(nèi)容。）Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another.[2015 Part B]（最理想的是，不同閱讀方式互相影響，彼此作為有用的參照，或相互制約。）【常見義】v [T]通知

interest /5IntrEst/ n [U]利息：pay interest on a capital sum（付一筆資金的利息）Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low rate of interest, but loans of this kind are not frequently obtainable.[2000 Part II] 當(dāng)然，他想要設(shè)法獲得低利率貸款，但這種貸款不是經(jīng)常能借到的。

n [C uss pl] 好處；利益：It is in your best interest to cooperate.（合作對(duì)你最有利。）As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access—after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are.[2001 Passage 2]（隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)日益商業(yè)化，普及上網(wǎng)符合商家利益——因?yàn)?，上網(wǎng)的人越多，潛在客戶就越多。）For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law.[2007 Part C]（比如，有關(guān)證據(jù)和事實(shí)、基本權(quán)利和公眾利益這樣的概念在新聞判斷和新聞制作過程中所起的作用就像在法庭上一樣。）【常見義】n [U, sing]興趣

juggle /5dVQgl/ v [I, T]（尤指吃力地）同時(shí)應(yīng)付（幾份工作、多項(xiàng)活動(dòng)等）： It?s hard trying to juggle a job with kids and the housework.（既要上班，又要帶孩子、做家務(wù)，實(shí)在是太辛苦了。）I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of“juggling your life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.[2001 Passage 5]（我發(fā)現(xiàn)，放棄“為生活打拼”的信條轉(zhuǎn)向“低速生活”，會(huì)帶來遠(yuǎn)比經(jīng)濟(jì)成功和社會(huì)地位更為豐厚的回報(bào)（凱爾西因不堪不斷增加的壓力辭去了《她》雜志編輯的職務(wù)——這件事曾被廣泛報(bào)道），此后，她或許會(huì)與我有同樣的發(fā)現(xiàn)。）【常見義】v [I, T]玩雜耍

ladder /5lAdE(r)/ n [C]（事業(yè)等發(fā)跡、進(jìn)身、晉升等的）階梯，途徑，門路：He is still on the bottom rung of the political ladder.（他尚處于政治階梯的最低一級(jí)。）The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan?s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.[2000 Passage 4]（戰(zhàn)后生育高峰期出生的一代人進(jìn)入成年以及女性進(jìn)入男性主宰的就業(yè)市場(chǎng)，這些都限制了青少年的發(fā)展機(jī)遇。這些青少年已經(jīng)開始質(zhì)疑，為進(jìn)所好學(xué)校、找份好工作而攀登日本殘酷的社會(huì)階梯所付出的巨大代價(jià)，是否真的值得。）【常見義】n [C]梯子

lame /le?m/ adj 無說服力的；蹩腳的： Sleeping too long is a lame excuse for being late.（睡得過久而遲到,這個(gè)借口站不住腳。）They should start by discarding California?s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone—a vast storehouse of digital information—is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect?s purse.[2015 Text 2]（智能手機(jī)是一個(gè)龐大的數(shù)字信息儲(chǔ)存庫，而加州論稱，翻查嫌犯的智能手機(jī)如同翻查他們的錢包，法官們首先要做的就是摒棄這個(gè)毫無說服力的論述。）【常見義】adj 瘸的；跛的

launch /lR:ntF/ v [T] 使（某人、某事物）行動(dòng)；使開始： The company is launching a new model next month.（這家公司下個(gè)月將推出新型號(hào)產(chǎn)品。）People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th century department stores that offered ast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere.[2006 Text 1]（人們沉迷于由19世紀(jì)百貨商店所創(chuàng)造的“消費(fèi)文化”中，這類商店“在一種優(yōu)雅的環(huán)境中供應(yīng)琳瑯滿目的商品”。）【常見義】v [T]使（新船）初次下水

league /li:g/ n [C] 里格（舊時(shí)長度單位，約 3 英里或 4.8 公里）： Said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.”（一位事件記錄者說道：“百里之外傳來的氣息猶如鮮花初放的花園那樣芬芳迷人?！保境Ｒ娏x】n [C]聯(lián)盟

lean /li:n/ adj（行業(yè)、公司）高效精干的： Staff were pruned, ostensibly to produce a leaner and fitter organization.（裁員表面上是讓公司更有效率，更健康。）Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin.[2003 Text 1]（在奧斯汀，弗里德曼依靠一個(gè)只有 20 名員工的精干團(tuán)隊(duì)。）【常見義】adj（指人或動(dòng)物）瘦的

line /lain/ n [C] 行業(yè)；行當(dāng)： the stresses unique to their line of work（他們這一行業(yè)所特有的壓力）Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise.[2004 Text 1]（有的人用它來密切關(guān)注對(duì)于本行業(yè)的市場(chǎng)需求或搜集有關(guān)薪水的信息以備加薪談判時(shí)胸有成竹。）n [sing]（產(chǎn)品的）類型，種別： This shop has a nice line in winter coats.（這家商店的冬裝大衣很好。）Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer.[2013 Text 1]（盡管有些快速時(shí)裝消費(fèi)品公司已經(jīng)在為抑制對(duì)勞動(dòng)力和環(huán)境的影響而努力，比如 H&M 公司推出了“環(huán)保意識(shí)時(shí)尚”系列，但克萊因認(rèn)為，只有消費(fèi)者才能帶來持久的改變。）【常見義】n [C]線條；線

live /laIv/ adj（音樂表演）現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的： There is traditional live music played most nights.（大多數(shù)夜晚都有現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂表演。）Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point.[2011 Text 1]（那些忠實(shí)的音樂會(huì)觀眾反駁說現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演出絕非唱片所能替代，但是他們沒有看到問題的實(shí)質(zhì)。）【常見義】v [I]活；生存；居住

lobby /5lCbi/ v [I, T] 游說： lobby for stronger environmental safeguards（為加強(qiáng)環(huán)境保護(hù)而游說）Unfortunately, banks? lobbying now seems to be working.[2010 Text 4]（令人遺憾的是，銀行的游說如今似乎已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了作用。）n [C] 游說團(tuán)體： a powerful anti-smoking lobby（聲勢(shì)浩大的反吸煙團(tuán)體）That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? [2005 Text 2]（還記得他們堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為反吸煙游說團(tuán)體是在破壞我們的生活方式，而政府應(yīng)當(dāng)置身事外的那些年嗎？）【常見義】n [C]門廳，前廳

loom /lu:m/ v [I]（問題或困難）逼近，臨近： An economic crisis is looming on the horizon.（經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)正在逼近。）My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago.[2001 Passage 2]（我和我的妻子二十年前就對(duì)這種即將來臨的危險(xiǎn)做過演講。）【常見義】n [C]織布機(jī)

lot /lCt/ n [C] 命運(yùn)（一般用單數(shù)形式）： schemes to improve the lot of the disadvantaged（改善弱勢(shì)群體命運(yùn)的方案）But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.[2013 Text 3]（但是我們目前已經(jīng)掌握了足夠多的知識(shí)來減少許多曾威脅過早期人類生存的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，以及改善后人的命運(yùn)。）【常見義】pron 大量，許多

margin /5mB:dVIn/ n [C] 利潤： We?re working to rather tight profit margins.（我們只要求能獲得薄利。）Wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often.[2010 Part B]（隨著越來越多的歐洲人更加頻繁地外出就餐，食品服務(wù)業(yè)的批發(fā)需求也迅速增長。）【常見義】n [C]邊緣；邊界；空白頁邊

might /maIt/ n [U] 力量；威力： We fear the military might of the enemy.（我們懼怕敵人強(qiáng)大的軍事力量。）The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might.[2001 Passage 4]（這股浪潮從異?；钴S的美國席卷到歐洲，并以無與倫比的威力波及到新興國家。）【常見義】v [aux]可能

model /5mCdl/ v [T] 以某人/某事物作榜樣；仿效：The design of the building is modelled on classical Greek forms.（那建筑物的設(shè)計(jì)是模仿希臘的古典形式。）What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain?s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined.[2002 Text 2]（在試圖模擬人類思維的過程中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人腦中約有一千億個(gè)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞遠(yuǎn)比以前想象的更聰明，人類的感知方式也遠(yuǎn)比想象中更復(fù)雜。）This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.” [2015 Text 3]（這種影響不僅體現(xiàn)在《科學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表的論文上，而且有希望影響到更多想要效仿《科學(xué)》雜志做法的其他出版機(jī)構(gòu)。）【常見義】n [C] 模型

modest /5mCdIst/ adj（數(shù)量、體積等）不大的，適度的：live on a modest income（靠不高的收入生活）Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy?s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening.[2004 Text 3]（消費(fèi)者似乎只是有些擔(dān)心，還沒有恐慌，并且很多人還說就在他們稍稍勒緊腰帶的時(shí)候，他們對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的長遠(yuǎn)前景還是樂觀的。）Politicians have repeatedly“backloaded” public-sector pay deals, keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous.[2012 Text 4]（一些政治家再三“變相地提高”公共部門工資協(xié)議中承諾的薪酬待遇——薪資增長的幅度不大，但增加了假期，尤其是增加了本已非常豐厚的養(yǎng)老金。）【常見義】adj 謙遜的；質(zhì)樸的

monitor /5mCnItE(r)/ n [C] 監(jiān)測(cè)器；監(jiān)視器： a monitor for radioactivity（放射量探測(cè)器）There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.[2001 Section IV]（屆時(shí)，將會(huì)出現(xiàn)由機(jī)器人主持的電視訪談節(jié)目，及裝有污染監(jiān)測(cè)器的汽車，一旦汽車污染超標(biāo)，監(jiān)測(cè)器就會(huì)使其停駛。）【常見義】n [C]班長

move /mu:v/ n [C] 措施；行動(dòng)： Abolishing the tax altogether would be a bold move.（完全廢除該稅收將會(huì)是一項(xiàng)大膽的舉措。）In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz, the U.S.Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents.[2010 Text 2]（聯(lián)邦巡回上訴法院宣布將利用某一特定案例，展開對(duì)商業(yè)方法專利的廣泛復(fù)審，這一舉措引起了專利律師們的紛紛議論。）It?s a stunning move.[2012 Text 2]（安特吉公司的這一舉動(dòng)令人震驚。）【常見義】v [I]移動(dòng)；搬遷

movement /5mu:vmEnt/ n [C]（音）樂章：a symphony in four movements（一首四樂章的交響曲）It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word.[2014 Part C]（《葬禮進(jìn)行曲》不是《英雄交響曲》的最后樂章而是第二樂章，這并非偶然，這樣一來，痛苦就不會(huì)是最終結(jié)局。）n [CGp, C]（在政治、社會(huì)或藝術(shù)等方面持共同見解的）運(yùn)動(dòng)： a movement toward world peace（爭(zhēng)取世界和平運(yùn)動(dòng)）When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.[2000 Passage 3]（當(dāng)一場(chǎng)新的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)成為某種潮流時(shí)，我們應(yīng)弄清 楚其倡導(dǎo)者的目的所在。因?yàn)闊o論他們的準(zhǔn)則現(xiàn)在看來是多么的牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)，不合情理，在將來都有可能被視為正常的事物。）Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research.[2003 Text 2]（因?yàn)樯镝t(yī)學(xué)研究依賴于公共資金，而很少有人了解醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生的研究過程，所以動(dòng)物權(quán)利運(yùn)動(dòng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人將矛頭指向了生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究。）【常見義】n [C, U] 移動(dòng)；運(yùn)動(dòng)；活動(dòng)

name /neIm/ v [T]提名某人或指定某人任一職務(wù)：She has been named as the new director.（她已被任命為新董事。）Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.[2011 Text 2]（在離職還不到兩周的時(shí)間，他就與哈特福德金融服務(wù)集團(tuán)董事會(huì)進(jìn)行了首次會(huì)談，9 月 29 日，該公司任命他為首席執(zhí)行官兼董事長。）【常見義】n [C] 名字；名稱

nature /5neItFE/ n [U] 本質(zhì)，實(shí)質(zhì)；特性：It?s her duty to help them to realize the nature of their problems.（幫助他們認(rèn)識(shí)他們問題本質(zhì)是她的職責(zé)。）Regrettably, however, the report?s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.[2014 Text 4]（然而，令人遺憾的是，該報(bào)告未能指出文科教育面臨的危機(jī)的實(shí)質(zhì)，故其帶來的弊大于利。）So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe(whose IQ is 100)as, what?s the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? [2007 Text 2]（因此，當(dāng)莎凡回答智商為 100 的普通人提出的諸如“愛與喜歡有何區(qū)別？”或“運(yùn)氣和巧合的本質(zhì)是什么？”這類問題時(shí)，人們不禁感到困惑。）【常見義】n [Mass] 大自然，自然界

note /nEUt/ v [T] 特別提到；指出： The judge noted that Miller had no previous criminal record.（法官指出米勒沒有前科。）Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation?s assimilative power.” [2006 Text 1]（羅德里格斯指出，全世界偏遠(yuǎn)山村的孩子們都是像阿諾·施瓦辛格與加思·布魯克斯這樣的超級(jí)巨星的影迷或歌迷，然而“一些美國人卻擔(dān)心，居住在美國境內(nèi)的許多移民不知為何仍對(duì)這個(gè)國家的同化有免疫力”。）He notes that each individual has many ancestors—numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back.[2009 Text 2]（他指出每個(gè)人都有許多祖先——僅上溯幾百年，祖先的數(shù)目就可達(dá)數(shù)百位。）【常見義】n [C]筆記；摘記 v [T]記下

novel /5nCvl/ adj 新奇的；新穎的；新的： a novel idea, fashion, design, experience（新的觀念、風(fēng)尚、設(shè)計(jì)、經(jīng)驗(yàn)）Sometimes years are required for truly novel discovery claims to be accepted and appreciated.[2012 Text 3]（有時(shí)候，真正新的發(fā)現(xiàn)聲明需要數(shù)年才能被接受和重視。）He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact.[2015 Text 3]（他之所以同意加入是因?yàn)樗翱吹搅顺闪⑦@個(gè)委員會(huì)是一種先見之明，它前所未有而又別具一格，很有可能產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。）【常見義】n [C]小說

objective /Eb5dVektIv/ n [C]目標(biāo)；目的：Everest is the climber's next objective.（埃佛勒斯峰是這個(gè)登山者的下一個(gè)目標(biāo)。）In order to achieve these objectives, we must concentrate more on co-productions, the exchange of news, documentary services and training.[2005 Part C] 為達(dá)到這些目標(biāo)，我們必須更加關(guān)注聯(lián)合制作、新聞交流、文獻(xiàn)服務(wù)和培訓(xùn)?！境Ｒ娏x】adj 客觀的

obscure /Eb5skjUE(r)/ v [T] 使??不分明，使含糊；遮掩，隱藏： These figures obscure the fact that a lot of older people live in great poverty.（這些數(shù)字掩蓋了許多老人生活在極度貧困中這一事實(shí)。）The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans have generally stopped growing.[2008 Text 3]（然而，體育界的這一趨勢(shì)或許掩蓋了一個(gè)不為人知的事實(shí)：美國人的身高總體上已經(jīng)停止了增長。）Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.[2014 Text 4]（然而其報(bào)告卻沒有弄清國會(huì)要求其闡明的問題的深度和廣度，很可能會(huì)阻礙改革的步伐。）【常見義】adj 黑暗的，光線不足的

observe /Eb5z:v/ v [T] 評(píng)論；說： In his book he observes that the President was an able diplomat.（在書中他評(píng)述說總統(tǒng)是個(gè)外交能手。）“Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men?s,” she observes, “it?s just that they?re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.” [2008 Text 1]（她指出：“她們承受壓力的能力甚至可能比男性更強(qiáng)，只是她們要處理的事情更多，因此她們的疲態(tài)出現(xiàn)得更早、更明顯。”）【常見義】v [T]注意，察覺；觀察

考研英語熟詞僻意

（四）panel /5pAnl/ n [C] 評(píng)判小組；專業(yè)討論小組： a panel of judges（評(píng)審團(tuán)）The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth?s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made.[2005 Text 2]（最近的行動(dòng)是由白宮召集的來自國家科學(xué)院的專家組告訴人們，地球氣候的確在變暖，而這一問題在很大程度上是由人類造成的。）【常見義】n [C]鑲板；嵌板；儀表板

parallel /5pArElel/ adj 相似的；相同的；對(duì)等的：A close parallel to this behaviour is found in dolphins.（在海豚身上發(fā)現(xiàn)了與此極為相似的行為。）On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.[2007 Part C]（另一方面，它把這些概念同日常生活聯(lián)系起來，其方式與新聞?dòng)浾呙刻靾?bào)道和評(píng)論新聞時(shí)的做法是一樣的。）A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds.[2010 Part C]（肉食哺乳動(dòng)物和捕食魚的鳥類也存在類似的情形。）n [C, U]極相似的人、情況、事情：a career without parallel in modern times（當(dāng)代無匹的業(yè)跡）There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming.[2005 Text 2]（就在科學(xué)家們前仆后繼，試圖使人們意識(shí)到全球氣候變暖所帶來的日益嚴(yán)重的威脅時(shí)，類似的令人擔(dān)憂的情況又出現(xiàn)了。）【常見義】adj平行的

physical /5fIzIkl/ adj 身體的： The ordeal has affected both her mental and physical health.（痛苦的經(jīng)歷損害了她的身心健康。）Strangely, it has involved little physical change.[2000 Passage 2]（奇怪的是，這一過程幾乎沒有涉及任何身體上的變化。）【常見義】adj物理的；物理學(xué)的

plain /pleIn/ adv [用于強(qiáng)調(diào)] 絕對(duì)地；簡(jiǎn)直： That is just plain stupid.（那簡(jiǎn)直是愚不可及。）Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty.[2002 Text 2]（自從擁有創(chuàng)造力之初，人類已設(shè)計(jì)出了越來越巧妙的工具，以應(yīng)付那些危險(xiǎn)、乏味、繁重或簡(jiǎn)直是讓人討厭的工作。）【常見義】adj 【常見義】n [C]平原 adj 清楚的；明白的

plant /plB:nt/ n [C] 工廠： a nuclear / chemical plant（核電廠 / 化工廠）In 1924 America?s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago.[2010 Section I]（1924 年，美國國家研究委員會(huì)派出兩名工程師到芝加哥附近的霍桑電話機(jī)配件廠指導(dǎo)一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。）【常見義】n [C]植物

policy /5pClEsI/ n [C] 保險(xiǎn)單：a fire-insurance policy（火災(zāi)保險(xiǎn)單）With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.[2005 Text 2]（風(fēng)險(xiǎn)日漸清晰，步步逼近，一個(gè)謹(jǐn)慎的民族現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備一份保單了。）【常見義】n [C, U]方針；政策

pool /pu:l/ v [T]（多人或組織）把（錢或其他資金）集中共用： They entered a contract to pool any gains and invest them profitably.（他們簽了一個(gè)合同，將贏利集中起來并進(jìn)行贏利性投資。）Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.[2005 Part B]（所有省份資源共享，與渥太華合作創(chuàng)建一個(gè)國家機(jī)構(gòu)，改變目前每個(gè)省都有各自的獲批藥物清單、機(jī)構(gòu)、程序以及有限的議價(jià)能力的局面。）Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.[2010 Text 2]（對(duì)商業(yè)方法專利申請(qǐng)的控制將是聯(lián)邦巡回法院對(duì)該類專利態(tài)度的徹底轉(zhuǎn)變，因?yàn)檎锹?lián)邦巡回法院自身在1998 年所謂“道富銀行案”的裁決中引入了這類專利，當(dāng)時(shí)法院批準(zhǔn)對(duì)某種共同投資資產(chǎn)的管理方法授予專利。）【常見義】n [C] 水塘；游泳池

pose /pEUz/ v [T] 引起；造成；提出： Heavy traffic poses a problem in many old towns.（交通擁擠是許多老城鎮(zhèn)的難題。）But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves—goals that pose a real challenge.[2002 Text 2]（但是如果想要機(jī)器人達(dá)到發(fā)揮節(jié)約人力作用的更高階段，它們必須能在更少的人力監(jiān)控下進(jìn)行工作，并且至少具備獨(dú)立做出一些決定的能力——這些目標(biāo)才是真正的挑戰(zhàn)。）【常見義】n [C]姿勢(shì)；姿態(tài)

post /pEUst/ n [C]職位；工作：He was appointed to the post of general manager.（他獲任命為總經(jīng)理。）In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post.[2011 Text 2]（在最近幾個(gè)星期，雅芳以及美國運(yùn)通公司的二把手們紛紛以期望找到首席執(zhí)行官的職位為由辭職。）Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school.There are simply too few posts.[2011 Part B]（同樣不足為奇的是，得到博士學(xué)位的人中，最后只有半數(shù)的人能夠獲得他們進(jìn)入研究生院心有所圖的教授職位。職位確實(shí)是太少了。）【常見義】n [U]郵政；郵遞 v [T]投遞；郵寄

press /pres/ n [U] 報(bào)界；新聞界： The Press;were not allowed to attend the trial.（新聞界人士不得出庭旁聽。）In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press;, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a draft bill that will propose making payments to witnesses illegal and will strictly control the amount of publicity that can be given to a case before a trial begins.[2001 Section II]（為了大力加強(qiáng)對(duì)報(bào)界的法律控制，大法官歐文勛爵將提交一份草案，提出向證人付費(fèi)將被視為非法，并且嚴(yán)格控制開庭前對(duì)案情的公開程度。）【常見義】n [S]按；壓；擠 v [T] 擠壓

prime /praIm/ n [U] 全盛時(shí)期；盛年： When is a man in his prime?（一個(gè)人的盛年在什么時(shí)候?）When Hoffa?s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union;now 36% do.[2012 Text 4]（1960 年，霍法領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的國際卡車司機(jī)兄弟會(huì)正處于全盛時(shí)期，當(dāng)時(shí)只有 10%的美國政府員工是工會(huì)成員，而現(xiàn)在達(dá)到 36%。）【常見義】adj 主要的；基本的

principal /5prInsEpl/ adj 重要的，主要的；首要的： The Danube is one of the principal rivers of Europe.（多瑙河是歐洲的主要河流之一。）They found that the principal requirement for what is called “global cascades”—the widespread propagation of influence through networks—is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people.[2010 Text 3]（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，要實(shí)現(xiàn)所謂的“全球傳播”——社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中影響的廣泛傳播，最關(guān)鍵的條件不是少數(shù)有影響力人士的存在，而是大量易受影響人群的廣泛參與。）The United States is the product of two principal forces—the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.[2015 Part C]（美國是兩種主要力量結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物：一個(gè)是思想、習(xí)俗和民族特征各不相同的歐洲移民，另一個(gè)是這個(gè)新國家在融合上述特征之后所帶來的影響。）【常見義】n [C]校長；院長

pursuit /pE5sju:t/ n [C] 職業(yè)；事業(yè)： She has time now to follow her various artistic pursuits.（她現(xiàn)在有時(shí)間從事各種藝術(shù)活動(dòng)了。）Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits, including soccer.[2007 Text 1]（于是，埃里克森和他的同事開始研究包括足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在內(nèi)的各行各業(yè)的優(yōu)秀人才。）【常見義】n [U]追求；尋求

put /pUt/ v [T] 表達(dá)；陳述：I put my objections bluntly.（我直率地表明了我的反對(duì)意見。）As Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, puts it, “There has to be coordination of programs.What we need is a package deal.” [2006 Section I]（正如馬薩諸塞州本特利學(xué)院社區(qū)服務(wù)部主任愛德華·茲洛特科瓦斯基所說：“各種規(guī)劃必須協(xié)調(diào)進(jìn)行。我們所需要的是一攬子計(jì)劃。”）Or, put another way, expert performers—whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming—are nearly always made, not born.[2007 Text 1]（或者，換種說法，優(yōu)秀人才——無論是在記憶方面還是外科手術(shù)方面，在芭蕾舞方面還是計(jì)算機(jī)編程方面——幾乎都是后天培養(yǎng)的，而非天生的。）adj 固定的；不變的：stay put（留在原處不動(dòng)）John Donahue at Harvard?s Kennedy School points out that the norms of culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is bad for high achievers.[2012 Text 4]（哈佛大學(xué)肯尼迪學(xué)院的約翰·多納休指出，西方公務(wù)員制度中的文化模式只適合那些追求安穩(wěn)、不求上進(jìn)的人，然而對(duì)于那些成績(jī)顯著的人來說是十分不利的。）【常見義】v [T]放置；使處于

quarter /5kwR:tE(r)/ n [C]（通常用復(fù)數(shù)）人；人群： Concern has been expressed in some quarters about this policy.（有些人已經(jīng)表達(dá)了對(duì)這項(xiàng)政策的關(guān)注。）Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it?s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure.[2005 Text 2]（就像吸煙問題一樣，來自各方的聲音仍堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，目前關(guān)于全球氣候變暖的科學(xué)研究還不完善，因此，在我們得以證實(shí)之前，可以繼續(xù)向大氣中排放廢氣。）n [C] 季度： Our gas bill for last quarter was unusually high.（我們上季度的煤氣費(fèi)異常高。）In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research.[2011 Text 2]（利伯倫研究公司的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，由于憂心忡忡的董事會(huì)緊緊依靠著公司現(xiàn)有的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，第三季度首席執(zhí)行官更換率與一年前相比下降了23%。）【常見義】n [C]四分之一；四等分

question /5kwestFEn/ v [T]（對(duì)某事物）表示或感到懷疑： Her sincerity has never been questioned.（她的誠意從未受到懷疑。）The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan?s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.[2000 Passage 4]（戰(zhàn)后生育高峰期出生的一代人進(jìn)入成年以及女性 進(jìn)入男性主宰的就業(yè)市場(chǎng)，這些都限制了青少年的發(fā)展機(jī)遇。這些青少年已經(jīng)開始質(zhì)疑，為進(jìn)所好學(xué)校、找份好工作而攀登日本殘酷的社會(huì)階梯所付出的巨大代價(jià)，是否真的值得。）【常見義】n [C]問題

quiet /5kwaIEt/ v [I, T] 變安靜： The child wouldn?t quiet down for me.（這孩子不肯為我安靜下來。）In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets.[2004 Text 3]（在舊金山，瘋狂的高價(jià)搶購現(xiàn)象雖然已經(jīng)平息，房?jī)r(jià)仍然在上漲。）【常見義】adj 安靜的

raise /reIz/ v [T] 養(yǎng)育： I was raised by my aunt on a farm.（我是在農(nóng)場(chǎng)由姨媽撫養(yǎng)大的。）Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.” [2011 Text 4]（盡管撫養(yǎng)孩子的日常生活令人心力交瘁，珍妮弗·西尼爾寫道：“正是此時(shí)此刻這些令我們心情沮喪的事情，日后才成為幸福和喜悅的來源”。）【常見義】v [T]舉起；升起；抬起

rear /rIE(r)/ v [T] 養(yǎng)育；撫養(yǎng)： It?s a good place to rear young children.（這是個(gè)撫養(yǎng)小孩的好地方。）It?s no surprise that Jennifer Senior?s insightful, provocative magazine cover story, “I Love My Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing much chatter—nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience.[2011 Text 4]（珍妮弗·西尼爾撰寫的見解獨(dú)到并富于煽動(dòng)性的雜志封面故事《我愛我的孩子們，我討厭我的生活》引起人們紛紛議論，這并不讓人覺得意外。）【常見義】n [S]后面；背后

reason /5ri:zn/ v [I, T] 思考；推斷： He reasoned that if we started at dawn, we would be there by noon.（他推斷，我們要是黎明出發(fā)，中午就能到。）He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another.[2004 Part B]（他推理說，在某種特定的語言中，更容易形成某些特定的概念，所以該語言的使用者便只會(huì)順著一種特有的思路來思考問題。）【常見義】n [C, U]原因；理由

reflect /rI5flekt/ v [I] 深思，反?。篐e reflected with sadness on the unhappiness of his marriage.（他憂傷地反思自己不幸的婚姻。）McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run.[2011 Text 2]（麥吉說在沒有找到新的工作之前就辭職，給了他時(shí)間思考自己想經(jīng)營什么樣的公司。）【常見義】v [T]反射；反映

respect /rI5spekt/ n [C] 方面；著眼點(diǎn)：In many respects this is an important decision.（這在許多方面都是一項(xiàng)重要的決定。）Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years.[2008 Part C]（在生命的最后一年里，他在著述中表示，在過去的二三十年間，他的思想在兩三個(gè)方面發(fā)生了變化。）【常見義】n [U] 尊敬；敬重

rest /rest/ v [I] 依靠或依賴：That argument rests on a false assumption.（那個(gè)論點(diǎn)是基于錯(cuò)誤的前提。）But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.[2007 Part C]（但是，新聞?dòng)浾弑仨毐绕胀ü窀羁痰乩斫夥?，這種觀點(diǎn)是基于對(duì)新聞媒體既有慣例和特殊責(zé)任的理解。）v [I]在于，歸屬于：The final decision rests with the chairperson.（由主席做最后決定。）Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.[2008 Text 2]（論文的版權(quán)歸期刊出版商所有，其他想要了解研究成果的研究人員只能訂閱該期刊。）【常見義】n [C, U]休息 v [I] 休息

return /rI5t:n/ n [C, U] 收益；利潤： The return on the money we invested was very low.（我們投資獲得的收益很低。）The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access.[2008 Text 2]（知識(shí)的價(jià)值和公眾投資在科研領(lǐng)域中的回報(bào)在一定程度上依賴于知識(shí)和科研成果的廣泛傳播和方便獲取。）【常見義】n [C, U]歸還 n [S]返回 v [I]返回 v [T]歸還

review /rI5vju:/ v [T]回顧：review one?s progress（回顧自己的進(jìn)程）Periodically review their emerging strengths and weaknesses with them and work together on any shortcomings, like difficulty in communicating well or collaborating.[2007 Part B]（首先，定期同孩子一起回顧他顯露的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，然后共同克服不足之處，比如不善于有效溝通或合作。）v [T]檢查，審查，評(píng)估：The Home Secretary was called on to review Britain?s gun laws.（內(nèi)政大臣被要求審查英國的槍支法。）But as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission(NRC)reviews the company?s application, it should keep in mind what promises from Entergy are worth.[2012 Text 2]（但當(dāng)美國核能管理委員會(huì)審核該公司的申請(qǐng)時(shí)，會(huì)考量安特吉公司的承諾有多少可信度。）They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research.[2014 Text 3]（它們可能會(huì)使同行評(píng)審研究的現(xiàn)狀停滯不前。）n [C, U] 審查，評(píng)估：All areas of the company will come under review.（公司的各種 活動(dòng)都將受到審查。）In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz, the U.S.Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents.[2010 Text 2]（聯(lián)邦巡回上訴法院宣布將利用某一特定案例，展開對(duì)商業(yè)方法專利的廣泛復(fù)審，這一舉措引起了專利律師們的紛紛議論。）n [C]（對(duì)書籍、電影等的）評(píng)論：The play got splendid reviews.（該劇受到高度的評(píng)價(jià)。）Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews.[2010 Text 1]（然而，在 20 世紀(jì)出版的大量最重要的評(píng)論文集中，很大一部分都是報(bào)紙?jiān)u論。）【常見義】v [T]復(fù)習(xí)；檢查 n [C] 溫習(xí)

rocket /5rCkIt/ v [I] 迅速增加；飛漲： Unemployment levels have rocketed to new heights.（失業(yè)率猛然上升到了新的水平。）The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.[2006 Text 2]（但很明顯，（劇院需要補(bǔ)貼的）原因是開支飛速上漲，而票價(jià)則一直較低。）【常見義】 n [C]火箭

row /rEU/ n [C] 大聲而激烈的爭(zhēng)論；吵架： the continuing row over the Government?s defence policy（關(guān)于政府防務(wù)政策的無休止的爭(zhēng)論）On May 31st Microsoft set off the row.[2013 Text 2]（5 月 31 日，微軟使這一爭(zhēng)論激化。）【常見義】n [C]一排，一行

rule /ru:l/ v [T] 做出裁決或裁定： The court ruled the action to be illegal.（法庭判定這種行為非法。）Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect,” a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.[2002 Text 4]（雖然裁決規(guī)定，憲法沒有賦予醫(yī)生協(xié)助病人自殺的權(quán)力，但最高法院實(shí)際上還是支持“雙重效應(yīng)”的醫(yī)學(xué)原則的。這個(gè)延續(xù)了數(shù)百年的道德原則認(rèn)為：當(dāng)某個(gè)行為可能出現(xiàn)兩種結(jié)果時(shí)——一個(gè)是希望達(dá)到的好的結(jié)果，另一個(gè)是可以預(yù)見到的壞的結(jié)果——如果行為的執(zhí)行者期待的只是好的結(jié)果，那么這個(gè)行為是被允許的。）【常見義】v [T]統(tǒng)治；操縱

run /rQn/ v [I, T]（被）出版；（被）刊登： When the story ran, there was a big to-do.（這篇報(bào)道刊登出來時(shí)，引起了一場(chǎng)騷動(dòng)。）“As soon as that report runs, we?ll suddenly get 500 new internet sign-ups from Ukraine,” says Friedman, a former political science professor.[2003 Text 1]（“一旦這個(gè)報(bào)道發(fā)布出去，我們就會(huì)立即獲得500個(gè)來自烏克蘭的新網(wǎng)絡(luò)注冊(cè)用戶，”前政治學(xué)教授弗里德曼說。）【常見義】v [I]跑；奔跑

sacrifice /5sAkrIfaIs/ n [C] 犧牲 We must all be prepared to make sacrifices.（我們大家都必須準(zhǔn)備好做出犧牲。）The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan?s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.[2000 Passage 4]（戰(zhàn)后生育高峰期出生的一代人進(jìn)入成年以及女性進(jìn)入男性主宰的就業(yè)市場(chǎng)，這些都限制了青少年的發(fā)展機(jī)遇。這些青少年已經(jīng)開始質(zhì)疑，為進(jìn)所好學(xué)校、找份好工作而攀登日本殘酷的社會(huì)階梯所付出的巨大代價(jià)，是否真的值得。）

save /seIv/ prep 〈文〉除了： Nothing was required of him on this ship save to entertain his guests.（在這條船上，除了招待客人以外沒有什么事情需要他去做。）Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.[2010 Text 1]（然而，如今他的著作僅有一本仍可購得，他大量的音樂評(píng)論也僅為專業(yè)人士所知。）【常見義】v [T]救助；節(jié)省

secular /5sekjElE(r)/ adj 長期的： secular trend（長期的趨勢(shì)）But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased in height by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height.[2008 Text 3]（但是隨著飲食和健康狀況的改善，兒童和青少年的身高平均每 20 年就會(huì)增加約 1.5 英寸，這就是通常所說的身高增長長期趨勢(shì)的模式。）【常見義】adj 現(xiàn)世的；世俗的

secure /sI5kjUE/ v [T] 獲得，取得：secured a job（找到一份工作）Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.[2009 Part C]（由于我們對(duì)年輕人的主要職責(zé)是使他們能夠融入共同的生活，因此我們不禁要考慮自己是否在形成讓他們獲得這種本領(lǐng)的能力。）v [T] 保護(hù)；確保：The troops secured the area before the civilians were allowed to return.（在百姓返回之前軍隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)保護(hù)這個(gè)地區(qū)。）Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences;family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity;systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc.[2009 Part C]（比如，宗教團(tuán)體的成立是為了保衛(wèi)統(tǒng)治階層的利益和抵御邪惡勢(shì)力；家庭生活的建立是為了滿足身體的欲望和維系家族長久；有組織的勞動(dòng)的興起很大程度上是因?yàn)榕`制度的產(chǎn)生，等等。）【常見義】adj 安全的 see /si:/ v [T] 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受： Both of them have seen a great deal of life, and are excellent company.（他們倆都是飽經(jīng)世故的，和他們相處，再好不過了。）But increasingly the Japanese are seeing a decline of the traditional work-moral values.[2000 Passage 4]（但是日本人傳統(tǒng)的職業(yè)道德觀正在日益衰退。）【常見義】v [T]看見，察覺

sentence /5sentEns/ v [T] 判決；宣判： He has been sentenced to pay a fine of ￡1,000.（他被判罰款 1,000 英鎊。）Witness payments became an issue after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995.[2001 Section II]（1995 年韋斯特被判處 10 次終生監(jiān)禁，此后，買通證人就成了一個(gè)爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)。）For example, he theorised that a judge fearful of appearing too soft on crime might be more likely to send someone to prison if he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.[2013 Section I]（例如，西蒙松博士從理論上推測(cè)，如果一位擔(dān)心對(duì)犯罪行為表現(xiàn)得太過仁慈的法官在一天當(dāng)中已經(jīng)對(duì)五六名被告只判處了強(qiáng)制性社區(qū)服務(wù)，那么他更有可能會(huì)將接下來的被告送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。）【常見義】n [C]句子

shape / FeIp / v [T] 決定??的形成；影響??的發(fā)展： These events helped to shape her future career.（這些事促成了她后來從事的事業(yè)。）This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active creation—whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.[2012 Part B]（這是因?yàn)槁?lián)網(wǎng)計(jì)算機(jī)已經(jīng)引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)下載和上傳[被動(dòng)消費(fèi)和主動(dòng)創(chuàng)造]之間的秘密戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)果將影響我們共同的未來，而這種影響的方式是我們之前難以想象的。）v [T] 塑造；使成形： Most caves are shaped by the flow of water through limestone.（大部分洞穴是水流經(jīng)石灰?guī)r形成的。）The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.[2002 Part B]（我們僅在一百多年前才闡明自然選擇在進(jìn)化中的作用，而認(rèn)識(shí)和研究環(huán)境在塑造和保持個(gè)體行為方面的選擇性作用則剛剛開始。）【常見義】n [C, U]形狀，樣子

sharp /FB:p/ adj 輪廓鮮明的；清晰的： The TV picture isn?t very sharp.（電視圖像不太清晰。）As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became“personal” too, as well as institutional, with display becoming sharper and storage capacity increasing.[2002 Section II]（隨著時(shí)間的推移，計(jì)算機(jī)的體積越來越小，功能卻越來越強(qiáng)。而且隨著顯示效果越來越清晰及存儲(chǔ)量越來越大，計(jì)算機(jī)不僅普遍應(yīng)用于公共機(jī)構(gòu)，而且還普及到了個(gè)人。）【常見義】adj 鋒利的；尖銳的

sheer /FIE/ adj 完全的；十足的： a sheer waste of time（純粹浪費(fèi)時(shí)間）But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes.[2015 Part C]（但是美國獨(dú)特的地理?xiàng)l件，不同種族之間的相互影響，以及在這個(gè)原始的新大陸維持原有生活方式的極大難度，引起了巨大的變化。）【常見義】adj 陡峭的

shield /Fi:ld/ v [T] 保護(hù)；庇護(hù)： The police officer shielded the child with her body.（那名警察用她的身體保護(hù)了小孩。）Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient medication to control their pain if that might hasten death.” [2002 Text 4]（蒙特非奧爾醫(yī)療中心主任南?！さ啦祭照J(rèn)為，這一原則將庇護(hù)那些醫(yī)生——他們“直到現(xiàn)在還堅(jiān)定地認(rèn)為，如果加大劑量可能會(huì)加速病人死亡，他們總不能給病人足夠的藥物來控制他們的痛苦。”）Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it?s useless.[2003 Text 4]（因?yàn)獒t(yī)療費(fèi)由第三方買單，我們會(huì)要求盡可能地用上一切手段為我們治療，即使這種治療毫無用處。）【常見義】n [C]盾牌

shoulder /5FEUldE(r)/ v [T] 承擔(dān)；承當(dāng)： shoulder the blame for his friends（為他的朋友承擔(dān)斥責(zé)）If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.[2003 Text 3]（他們認(rèn)為，如果鐵路公司對(duì)所有客戶平均收費(fèi)，那些可以選擇貨運(yùn)汽車或其他運(yùn)輸方式的客戶就會(huì)另作選擇，從而使剩下的客戶承擔(dān)鐵路的運(yùn)營費(fèi)用。）【常見義】n [C]肩；肩膀

sit /sIt/ v [I] 在職；擔(dān)任（職務(wù)）： She sat on a number of committees.（她曾同時(shí)在幾個(gè)委員會(huì)中任職。）Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey: “I can?t think of a single search I?ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.” [2011 Text 2]（光輝國際的大股東丹尼斯·凱里說：“我所做過的每一次招聘，董事會(huì)都會(huì)要求我首先注意那些在職的首席執(zhí)行官們?！保境Ｒ娏x】v [I, T]坐；就座

考研英語熟詞僻意

（五）soft /sCft/ adj（過分）有同情心的；心腸軟的：If you appear to be soft, people will take advantage of you.（如果你表現(xiàn)得太過心軟，別人就會(huì)占你便宜。）For example, he theorised that a judge fearful of appearing too soft on crime might be more likely to send someone to prison if he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.[2013 Section I]（例如，西蒙松博士從理論上推測(cè)，如果一位擔(dān)心對(duì)犯罪行為表現(xiàn)得太過仁慈的法官在一天當(dāng)中已經(jīng)對(duì)五六名被告只判處了強(qiáng)制性社區(qū)服務(wù)，那么他更有可能會(huì)將接下來的被告送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。）【常見義】adj 柔軟的；輕柔的

solid /5sClId/ adj 牢靠的；堅(jiān)實(shí)的： She gives another solid performance as an unemployed single mom.（作為失業(yè)的單身母親，她再一次表現(xiàn)出色。）In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling.[2000 Passage 1]（到了 1995 年，當(dāng)日本還在苦苦掙扎的時(shí)候，美國已經(jīng)連續(xù)五年穩(wěn)步發(fā)展了。）【常見義】n [C]固體

sound /saUnd/ adj 合理的；正確的：It was a financially sound investment.（這項(xiàng)投資財(cái)政穩(wěn)健。）If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.[2005 Text 2]（如果我們要保護(hù)大氣，那么，至關(guān)重要的是這些新發(fā)電站對(duì)環(huán)境是無害的。）【常見義】n [U]聲音 n [C, U] 聲音；聲響 v [I]發(fā)出響聲

spark /spB:k/ v [T] 引導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)致：The incident sparked a controversy.（這一事件引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)端。）This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active creation—whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.[2012 Part B]（這是因?yàn)槁?lián)網(wǎng)計(jì)算機(jī)已經(jīng)引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)下載和上傳[被動(dòng)消費(fèi)和主動(dòng)創(chuàng)造]之間的秘密戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)果將影響我們共同的未來，而這種影響的方式是我們之前難以想象的。）【常見義】n [C]火花；火星

spell /spel/ v [T] 導(dǎo)致；意味著： Their unwise investment could spell financial ruin.（他們所作的不明智的投資可能導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)上的崩潰。）But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing”, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music.[2005 Text 4]（但“做自己的事情”，這種對(duì)本色以及個(gè)性的崇拜導(dǎo)致了正式演講、寫作、詩歌及音樂的衰亡。）n [C]（某事物持續(xù)的）一段時(shí)間：a long spell of warm weather（持續(xù)很久的溫暖的天氣）Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.[2002 Text 2]（盡管在 20 世紀(jì) 60 年代和 70 年代人們?cè)羞^一段最初的樂觀時(shí)期，因?yàn)樵诋?dāng)時(shí)看來，似乎到 2010 年，晶體管電路和微處理器就有可能復(fù)制人類的思維活動(dòng)，但是最近研究人員已開始把這一預(yù)言推遲了幾十年，甚至是幾百年。）【常見義】v [T] 拼寫

spread /spred/ v [I, T] 傳播；（使）流傳： He spread the news around the town.（他在鎮(zhèn)上到處傳播這一消息。）More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread;Internet access.[2001 Passage 2]（由于害怕自己的國家落后，越來越多的政府想擴(kuò)大互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的使用范圍。）【常見義】v [T]展開；鋪開

squeeze /skwi:z/ v [T]（尤用于金融或商業(yè)）破壞；扼制： The economy is being squeezed by foreign debt repayments.（償還外債給經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來了壞的影響。）On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies—to which heavy industry has shifted—have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.[2002 Text 3]（另一方面，新興的石油進(jìn)口國——重工業(yè)已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到這些國家——能源密集程度變得更大，從而可能面臨更大的壓力。）【常見義】v [T]用力擠壓；榨取

state /steIt / v [T] 規(guī)定；陳述，聲明： The rules state that samples must be enclosed in two watertight containers.（規(guī)則要求樣本必須裝在兩個(gè)水密容器中。）As so often is the case, stating that principle doesn?t ease the challenge of line-drawing.[2015 Text 2]（而情況通常是這樣的，制定準(zhǔn)則也很難劃定實(shí)際界限。）【常見義】n [C]國家；州；情形

stem /stem/ v [T] 阻止；遏制： The government had failed to stem the tide of factory closures.（政府沒有控制住工廠紛紛倒閉的勢(shì)頭。）Stemming climate change, for example, is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.[2013 Part B]（例如，遏制氣候變化不僅需要開發(fā)清潔能源，同樣也需要我們改變消費(fèi)模式和推動(dòng)人們接納稅收。）【常見義】n [C] 植物、灌木的）莖，干 v [I]起源于

stop /stCp/ n [C] 標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)；（尤指）句號(hào)： full stop（句號(hào)）We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops;, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs.[2000 Passage 3]（我們必須使用大量的基本詞匯，而不 受標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、修飾性形容詞及限定動(dòng)詞的約束。）【常見義】 v [I, T]（使）停止，中止

strength /streNW/ n [C, U] 優(yōu)點(diǎn)；長處： His strength was his obsessive single-mindedness.（他的長處是非常專心。）At first glance this might seem like a strength that grants the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by external factors.[2013 Section I]（乍一看，這似乎是一種優(yōu)點(diǎn)，它使人們能夠排除外部因素的影響，從而做出公正的判斷。）【常見義】n [U]力量；力氣

stress /stres/ v [T] 著重于；強(qiáng)調(diào)：He stressed the point very strongly that all these services cost money.（他重強(qiáng)調(diào)所有這些服務(wù)都是要花錢的。）While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression.[2000 Passage 4]（雖然日本的教育因強(qiáng)調(diào)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)而經(jīng)常受到外國人的贊揚(yáng)，但是它往往強(qiáng)調(diào)考試和機(jī)械的學(xué)習(xí)而忽視了創(chuàng)造力和自我表達(dá)。）Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy;stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government;and encourages the use of new digital technologies.[2014 Text 4]（因?yàn)榇h制政府預(yù)先提出全民要接受教育，所以這份報(bào)告提倡全面提高國民的素質(zhì)，強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)習(xí)歷史和政體，尤其是美國歷史和美國政體，鼓勵(lì)使用新的數(shù)字技術(shù)。）【常見義】n [C, U]壓力

stretch /stretF/ n [C]一段時(shí)間：a four-hour stretch（連續(xù)四小時(shí)）At the same time, listening through earphones to the same monotonous beats for long stretches encourages kids to stay inside their bubble instead of pursuing other endeavors.[2007 Part B]（同時(shí)，長時(shí)間用耳機(jī)聽單調(diào)的節(jié)奏會(huì)讓孩子沉浸在自己的幻想里，而不致力于其他追求。）【常見義】v [I]伸展

stripe /straIp/ n [C] 種類；類型： Politicians of all stripes complained about the plan.（形形色色的政客都抱怨這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。）Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well.[2007 Text 3]（學(xué)者、決策者以及形形色色的評(píng)論家都討論了這種變化的社會(huì)影響，但是很少有人看到其副作用：家庭所面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也隨之提高。）【常見義】n [C]條紋；長條

subject /5sQbdVIkt/ n [C]實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象，受治療者：The experiment involved 12 subjects.（這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)用了十二個(gè)研究對(duì)象。）The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted on 1932 unique subjects which compared pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers.[2015 Section I]（這項(xiàng)研究在基因組范圍內(nèi)分析了 1,932 個(gè)獨(dú)特的受試，將成對(duì)的沒有親屬關(guān)系的朋友與沒有親屬關(guān)系的陌生人進(jìn)行了比較。）The team also controlled the data to check ancestry of subjects.[2015 Section I]（同時(shí)，研究小組通過對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)來核查受試的血統(tǒng)。）/sEb5dVekt/ v [T] 使臣服或順從：Ancient Rome subjected most of Europe to its rule.（古羅馬帝國征服了歐洲大部分。）Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.[2003 Part B]（而且，人類有能力改變自己的生存環(huán)境，從而使所有其他生命形態(tài)服從于人類自己獨(dú)特的想法和想象。）At the very least, the court should make itself subject to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary.[2010 Section I]（但最起碼，法院應(yīng)遵守適用于其他聯(lián)邦司法系統(tǒng)的行為準(zhǔn)則。）/sEb5dVekt/ v [T] 使使經(jīng)歷或遭受某事物：She was repeatedly subjected to torture.（她不斷地受到折磨。）His argument is that the unusual history of these people has subjected them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this paradoxical state of affairs.[2008 Section I]（他認(rèn)為，這些人不同尋常的歷史使他們?cè)馐芰撕币姷倪M(jìn)化壓力，正是這種壓力導(dǎo)致了這種矛盾狀態(tài)的產(chǎn)生。）After several decades, the same data were subjected to econometric analysis.[2010 Section I]（幾十年之后，研究人員對(duì)這些照明實(shí)驗(yàn)的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分析。）/5sQbdVIkt/ adj 易于??的；傾向于??的：Are you subject to colds?（你?；几忻皢?）All theories, however, are tentative and are subject to criticism.[2004 Section II]（然而，所有理論都只是試探性的，易遭到批判。）/5sQbdVIkt/ adj 服從的；支配的：We are subject to the law of the land.（我們須遵守當(dāng)?shù)氐姆?。）In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.[2009 Text 2]（此外，檢測(cè)公司用以判定血緣關(guān)系的計(jì)算機(jī)程序可能申請(qǐng)了專利保護(hù)，不必受同行的評(píng)審或外界的評(píng)估。）In 2006, the state went a step further, requiring that any extension of the plant?s license be subject to Vermont legislature?s approval.[2010 Text 2]（2006 年該州進(jìn)一步提出要求，任何核電站的許可證的延期都要獲得佛蒙特立法機(jī)關(guān)的批準(zhǔn)。）【常見義】 n [C]學(xué)科；主題

suggest /sE5dVest/ v [T] 表明；暗示；意味著：But particularly when viewed against America?s turbulent past, today's social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.[2006 Text 1]（但如今的社會(huì)幾乎沒有顯示出社會(huì)環(huán)境黑暗和每況愈下的跡象，尤其是當(dāng)與美國動(dòng)蕩的過去相比時(shí)更是如此。）This suggests that dimmer bulbs burn longer, that there is an advantage in not being too bright.[2009 Section I]（這表明暗淡的燈泡[笨腦瓜]更耐用，不夠十 分明亮[聰明]也有好處。）【常見義】v [T]提議；建議

supplement /5sQplImEnt/ n [C]（報(bào)紙、雜志等的）增刊： the Sunday color supplements（周日彩色增刊）For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.” [2007 Text 2] 過去幾年，周日?qǐng)?bào)紙?jiān)隹队涡小烽_辟了一個(gè)專欄叫“問問瑪麗蓮”?！境Ｒ娏x】n [C]補(bǔ)充

surface /5s:fIs/ v [I] 引起注意；公開化： The argument first surfaced two years ago.（這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論最初在兩年前就引起了人們的注意。）The conflict has been surfacing since 2002, when the corporation bought Vermont?s only nuclear power plant, an aging reactor in Vernon.[2012 Text 2]（安特吉公司與佛蒙特州政府之間的沖突早在 2002 年就引起了人們的注意，當(dāng)時(shí)該公司購買了佛蒙特州唯一的一座核電站，一個(gè)位于弗農(nóng)市的陳舊的核反應(yīng)堆。）【常見義】n [C]（物體的）表面

sweep /swi:p/ v [I, T] 迅速蔓延；風(fēng)行： Youngsters are risking their lives in a dangerous craze which is sweeping the country.（青少年正在一陣席卷全國的危險(xiǎn)時(shí)尚中拿自己的生命冒險(xiǎn)。）Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market.[2000 Passage 1]（外國制造的汽車和紡織品也大舉涌入美國國內(nèi)市場(chǎng)。）The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might.[2001 Passage 4]（這股浪潮從異?；钴S的美國席卷到歐洲，并以無與倫比的威力波及到新興國家。）【常見義】v [T]打掃；清理

swell /swell/ v [I, T] 增加；增長： Total employment swelled by almost 50%.（就業(yè)總?cè)藬?shù)增加了差不多 50%。）According to the World Social Science Report 2010, the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.[2013 Part B]（根據(jù)《2010 年世界社會(huì)科學(xué)報(bào)告》，自 2000 年以來，全球社會(huì)科學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生數(shù)量每年以大約 11%的速度增長。）【常見義】v [I]腫脹；膨脹

sympathy /5sImpEWI/ n [U]（感情上的）支持，贊同： I?m sure she will be in sympathy with your proposal.（我確信她一定贊成你的建議。）Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view.[2002 Text 1]（你的幽默必須與聽眾相關(guān)，而且有助于表明你是他們中的一員，或者表明你了解他們的處境并且贊同他們的觀點(diǎn)。）【常見義】n [U]同情

systematic /7sIstE5mAtIk/ adj 有預(yù)謀的；蓄意的： a systematic attempt to ruin his reputation（蓄謀破壞他的名譽(yù)）“Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,” to the extent that it constitutes“systematic patient abuse.” [2002 Text 4]（“許多醫(yī)生似乎對(duì)病人遭受不必要的、可以預(yù)見的痛苦漠不關(guān)心”，其嚴(yán)重程度已經(jīng)構(gòu)成“蓄意虐待病人”。）【常見義】adj 有系統(tǒng)的；系統(tǒng)化的

tap /tAp/ v [T] 開發(fā)（資源）： These magazines have tapped into a target market of consumers.（這些雜志已經(jīng)開發(fā)了消費(fèi)者目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)。）For example, they may encourage research in various ways, including the setting up of their own research centers;they may alter the structure of education, or interfere in order to reduce the wastage of natural resources or tap resources hitherto unexploited;or they may co-operate directly in the growing number of international projects related to science, economics and industry.[2000 Section IV]（例如，他們可以鼓勵(lì)不同形式的研究，包括建立他們自己的研究中心。他們可以改變教育結(jié)構(gòu)；或是通過干預(yù)減少自然資源的浪費(fèi)，開發(fā)迄今尚未開發(fā)的資源；政府也可以直接在科學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)及工業(yè)領(lǐng)域廣泛開展國際合作項(xiàng)目。）【常見義】v [T] 輕拍 n [C]輕拍；龍頭

tell /tel/ v [I] 產(chǎn)生影響（尤指有害的影響）： These late nights are really beginning to tell on him.（這些天的熬夜真的開始讓他吃不消了。）Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes（travels to and from work）and crowded living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the discomfort is beginning to tell.[2000 Passage 4]（城市里的日本人長期忍受著漫長的通勤（上下班往返路程）和擁擠不堪的居住條件，隨著舊的群體觀念和家庭觀念的削弱，生活的不如意開始產(chǎn)生影響。）【常見義】 v [I, T]告訴；講述

temper /5tempE(r)/ v [T] 緩和；調(diào)劑： Their idealism is tempered with realism.（他們的理想主義因現(xiàn)實(shí)主義有所沖淡。）From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending.[2004 Text 3]（由于消費(fèi)者們削減開支，從汽車經(jīng)銷商到蓋普商店，銷售額幾個(gè)月來一直在下滑。）Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was unprepared for self-rule and democracy.[2007 Section I]（平等主義的情緒常常因擔(dān)心大眾尚未為自治與民主做好準(zhǔn)備而有所緩和。）【常見義】n [C]脾氣；性情

term /t:m/ n [C] 專門名詞；名稱；術(shù)語：“The nick” is a slang term for “prison”.（the nick 一詞是俚語, 意為“班房”。）Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate.[2004 Part B]（后來，這一觀點(diǎn)成為了著名的薩皮爾沃爾夫假說，但這個(gè)術(shù)語有點(diǎn)不恰當(dāng)。）The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be.[2007 Text 2]（雖然人們已經(jīng)不像以前那樣頻繁地使用智商測(cè)試了，但是智商分?jǐn)?shù)似乎仍然是定義人類智力的術(shù)語。）【常見義】n [C]（學(xué)校的）學(xué)期；期限

thumb /WQm/ v [T]翻閱，翻查： I?ve thumbed my address book and found quite a range of smaller hotels.（我翻看我的通訊錄，發(fā)現(xiàn)里面記了一長串的小旅館。）It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories.[2004 Text 2]（人們?cè)缇椭?，顧客翻查電話?hào)碼簿的時(shí)候，與名為 Zodiac 的出租車公司相比，名為 AAAA 的出租車公司占有很大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。）【常見義】n [C] 拇指

traffic /5sAkrIfaIs/ n [U]（通訊系統(tǒng)的）通信（量），信息流量： Internet traffic（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的信息流量）“On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,” says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.[2004 Text 1]（CareerSite 市場(chǎng)部副總裁賽思·皮茨說：“我們發(fā)送這些信息的第二天網(wǎng)站訪問量就急劇增長?！保￤e define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment.[2011 Text 3]（我們將這種售出媒介定義為流量巨大、可以吸引其他機(jī)構(gòu)前來投放內(nèi)容或電子商務(wù)引擎的自有媒介。）【常見義】n [U]往來于街道的車輛；交通

treat /tri:t/ v [T]（以食物或娛樂等）款待某人或使自己獲得享受：We were treated to the unusual sight of the Prime Minister singing on TV.（我們有幸目睹首相上電視一展歌喉的難得場(chǎng)面。）Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply.[2000 Passage 5]（相反，我們目睹了大量極為虛偽的現(xiàn)象，現(xiàn)在這些現(xiàn)象似乎比以往任何時(shí)候都要多。）v [T]把某事物看作；視某事物為：I decided to treat his remark as a joke.（我決定把他的話當(dāng)作玩笑話。）Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas — such as free markets or self-reliance —as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.[2014 Text 4]（如今，教授們通常把對(duì)歷史的革新性解讀和主張改革的公共政策作為正確的研究課題，而認(rèn)為保守或古典的自由主義思想[比如自由市場(chǎng)和自力更生]已經(jīng)超出常規(guī)，有時(shí)甚至超出了正當(dāng)?shù)膶W(xué)術(shù)研究的范圍。）【常見義】v [T]對(duì)待；醫(yī)治

trust /trQst/ n [C] 壟斷企業(yè)；托拉斯（為減少競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、壟斷價(jià)格等而成立的企業(yè)聯(lián)合組織）： anti-trust laws（反托拉斯法）Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could re-create the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil trust was broken up.[2001 Passage 4]（將近一個(gè)世紀(jì)前，美國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)石油托拉斯被迫解體。人們因此擔(dān)心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)會(huì)受到威脅。不過很難想象，今天幾家石油公司的合并會(huì)對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)構(gòu)成同樣的威脅。）【常見義】n [U]相信 v [T] 相信

twist /twIst/ n [C] 歪曲；曲解： His political opponent gave a twist to everything he said.（他的政敵對(duì)他所有的話都加以歪曲。）A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don?t succeed, give up” or a play on words or on a situation.[2002 Text 1]（可以故意歪曲一下大家熟知的話，比如說“如果一開始不成功，那就放棄好了”，或者玩文字游戲，或就一個(gè)情景開玩笑。）【常見義】v [T]繞；卷

underline /7QndE5laIn/ v [T] 突出；強(qiáng)調(diào)： The improvement in retail sales was underlined by these figures.（這些數(shù)字突出了零售量的增加。）This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.[2005 Part C]（僅這一點(diǎn)就足以表明，在電視行業(yè)生存下來并非易事，統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字也突顯了這一事實(shí)，統(tǒng)計(jì)表明，1989 年在 80 家歐洲電視網(wǎng)中，多達(dá)一半出現(xiàn)了虧損。）【常見義】 v [T]在（詞等）下面畫線

uniform /5ju:nIfR:m/ adj 統(tǒng)一的；一致的：Cut down between the bones so that all the chops are of uniform size.（在骨頭之間砍削，使所有的排骨大小一致。）The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial.[2013 Text 4]（憲法認(rèn)為只有華盛頓才有權(quán)力“建立一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的歸化入籍條例”，而且聯(lián)邦法律高于州法律，這些憲法的原則是無可爭(zhēng)議的。）【常見義】n [C, U]制服

universes /5ju:nIv:s/ n [C] 領(lǐng)域： In this book, Newton described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion, which dominated the scientific view of the physical universe for the next three centuries.（在這本書里，牛頓闡述了萬有引力和力學(xué)三大定律，接下來的三個(gè)世紀(jì)，這些理論在物理科學(xué)領(lǐng)域占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位。）It is becoming less clear, however, that such a theory would be a simplification, given the dimensions and universes that it might entail.[2012 Part C]（然而，考慮到它可能會(huì)涉及的范圍和領(lǐng)域，人們?cè)絹碓讲淮_定這樣的理論會(huì)是一種簡(jiǎn)化的規(guī)則。）【常見義】n [S]宇宙；世界

upset /9Qp5set/ v [T] 打亂；擾亂：The dam will upset the ecological balance.（大壩會(huì)擾亂生態(tài)平衡。）They gave justices permanent positions so they would be free to upset those in power and have no need to cultivate political support.[2012 Section I]（法官被授予終身職位，這樣他們可以無所顧慮地去觸碰當(dāng)權(quán)者，同時(shí)無需尋求政治支持。）If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on advertising, it has chosen an indirect method: There is no guarantee that DNT by default will become the norm.[2013 Text 2] ③如果它在企圖挑戰(zhàn)幾乎完全依賴廣告業(yè)務(wù)運(yùn)營的谷歌的話，那么它的方法并不直接：沒有人能保證將 DNT 設(shè)為默認(rèn)會(huì)成為業(yè)內(nèi)規(guī)范?！境Ｒ娏x】adj 心煩的；苦惱的

value /5vAlju/ v [T] 尊重；重視： She had come to value her privacy and independence.（她開始重視自己的隱私和獨(dú)立地位。）The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything.[2007 Section I]（獨(dú)立運(yùn)動(dòng)早期領(lǐng)袖的理想通常是平等主義，即強(qiáng)調(diào)一切事物的平等。）【常見義】n [C, U]價(jià)值

weather /5weTE(r)/ v [T]平安渡過；經(jīng)受?。?weather a crisis（平安渡過危機(jī)）This“added-worker effect” could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times.[2007 Text 3]（這種“附加勞動(dòng)力效應(yīng)”會(huì)增強(qiáng)由失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)或傷殘保險(xiǎn)組成的安全保障，幫助家庭渡過難關(guān)。）【常見義】n [U]天氣；氣象

weigh /weI/ v [T] 權(quán)衡；斟酌：We weighed the cost of advertising against the likely gains from increased business.（我們權(quán)衡了廣告成本和業(yè)務(wù)增加可能帶來的收益。）“Benefits”have been weighed against “harmful” outcomes.[2002 Section II]（人們把它帶來的益處和產(chǎn)生的弊端進(jìn)行了權(quán)衡。）【常見義】v [T]稱某物的重量

will /wIl/ n [C] 遺囑： Have you made your will?（你立遺囑了嗎？）Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will.[2008 Text 4]（華盛頓看到黑人士兵在美國獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的英勇表現(xiàn)后，開始相信人人生而平等，于是不顧親人的強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)，在遺囑中給了奴隸們自由。）【常見義】v [aux]將會(huì)；可能

yield /ji:ld/ v [I]屈服；讓步：The government has not yielded to public opinion.（政府并未向輿論讓步。）Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride.[2000 Passage 1]（盲目自大取代了自我懷疑。）n [C, U] 產(chǎn)量：What is the yield per acre?（每英畝的產(chǎn)量是多少?）That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels.[2006 Text 3]（而發(fā)現(xiàn)這些變化很重要，因?yàn)槔碚摫砻饕粋€(gè)漁場(chǎng)只有在目標(biāo)捕撈物種的生物量保持在原始基數(shù)的50%左右時(shí)，才能獲得最大可持續(xù)捕撈量。）【常見義】v [T]生產(chǎn)

第三篇：高考英語完形填空熟詞僻義（小編推薦）

SAMMY高考英語完形填空熟詞僻義

I動(dòng)詞僻義

一serve(僻義:端上飯,菜 酒等 對(duì)……起作用)(熟義:服務(wù))

【08四川】...Clearly I had made mistakes.I had started the evening wanting to have a happy time with my daughter but had allowed my desire to win to become more important than my relationship with my daughter.me well.As a parent, I realized that it got in my way.So I had to change.34．A.offeredB.servedC.controlledD.taught

【06全國】…A waiter appeared.He paused for just a second, walked into the water to set the table and take their bottle of wine and two glasses.Without pausing, he went once more into the water tothe wine.The couple toasted each other, the waiter and the crowd…

50．A.changeB.drinkC.sellD.serve

【04全國】It was the night before the composition was due.As I looked at the list of topics(題目), “The Art of Eating Spaghetti(意大利面條)” caught my eye.The word “spaghetti” brought back the memory of an evening at Uncle Alien's in Belleville when all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Patspaghetti for supper.Spaghetti was an exotic(外來的)treat in those days.38．A.cookedB.servedC.gotD.made 二run(僻義:道路,街道等延伸、延展)(熟義:跑)

三fail(僻義:辜負(fù)使……失望)(熟義:失敗)

【08安徽】There are many different ways of seeing a town for the first time.One of them is to walk around it, guide-book in hand.Of course, we may study with our guide-books the history and special developments of a town and get to know them.But then, if we take out time and stay in a town for a while, we may get to know it better.When we look at it as a whole, we begin to have some questions, which even the best guide-books do not answer.Why is the town just like this, this shape, this plan, this size? Why do its streetsin this particular way, and not in any other why?

Here even the best guide-bookus.One can't find in it the information about how a town has developed to the present appearance.It may not describe the original(最初的)design of a town.44．A.openB.runC.beginD.move

46．A.helpsB.tricksC.failsD.satisfies

四wear(僻義:表露態(tài)度,表情)(熟義:穿,戴)

【08重慶卷】…She rode the rest of the way home52a happy smile, with the money she'd lost earlierforgotten.On the road of life, the help of strangers can lighten our loads and lift our spirits.How much sweeter the journey will be when we make it a little smoother for others!

52．A.givingB.wearingC.takingD.forcing

五break(僻義:①撕裂……表面 break the news把消息告訴某人；②間斷 broken English 不流利的英語)(熟義:弄壞)

【07 北京】…“I'm surprised.” smiled Mr.Berry, when we gave him the result.“I really thought that only a few people wanted their band and that the cost would be too high.OK.Angela, your next task is to find a good band and line them up for the dance.”

Angela was all smiles and the news to Amy and Daniel.“You're amazing” smiled Daniel to Angela as he thought how close they came to having a less than perfect dance.54．A.showedB.wroteC.brokeD.read

【06湖南】… “What's up?”I asked.He answered in47English,“ I…I no get money to buy book.”I took out two 500 naira notes.He looked around nervously before sticking his hand into the car for the bills.One thousand naira means a lot to a family that makes only 50,000 each year.47．A.oldB.brokenC.traditionalD.modern

六pour(僻義:連續(xù)不斷涌入,出)(熟義:倒,灌)

【07遼寧】…There he spent two years practicing, and by 1999 he had worked hard enough for fortune to take over．After hissuccessful performance at Chicago's Ravinia Festival, gigs(特邀演出)in Lincoln's Center and Carnegie Hall startedLang Lang finally worked to reach the place where fortune spots him, and lets himshine ．

54．A.pullingB．breakingC．fallingD．pouring

七plant(僻義:牢固安置)(熟義:種植)

【05遼寧卷】Scott and his companions were terribly disappointed.When they got to the South Pole, they found the Norwegians(挪威人)had beaten them in the race to be the first ever to reach it.After the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 950-mile journey back.37．A.growingB.puttingC.plantingD.laying

八measure(僻義:衡量)(熟義:測(cè)量)

【04天津】…“I would have given up on the first lap, ”said another girl.“We were cheering for you.Did you hear us?”

Suddenly I regained hope.I decided to stick with track next year.I realized strength and courage aren't always win, but the people who don't give up when they lose

43．A.measuredB.praisedC.testedD.increased

九film(僻義:膠卷)(熟義:電影)

十develop(僻義:沖印_)(熟義:發(fā)展)

十一cover(僻義:涉及,彌補(bǔ)損失)(熟義:覆蓋)

【04福建】Not too long ago, an incident that happened at Walt Disney touched me greatly.A guest36out of our Polynesian Village resort(度假勝地)at Walt Disney was asked how sheenjoyed her visit.She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n)wonderful vacation, but was heartbroken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet.At that moment she was particularly sad over the loss of the pictures she had shot at our Polynesian Luau, as this was a memory she especially treasured.Now, please understand that we have no written service ruleslost photos in the park.Fortunately, the clerk at the front desk understanding Disney's idea of caring for our guests.She asked the woman to leave her a couple rolls offilm, promising she would take care of the rest of our show at Polynesian Luau.36．A.workingB.checkingC.tryingD.staying

40．A.developedB.takenC.washedD.loaded

43．A.coveringB.findingC.makingD.keeping

47．A.printedB.shotC.unusedD.recorded

十二charge(僻義:賒帳)(熟義:負(fù)責(zé))

【03北京】Word that I was trustworthy and hard-working got around town.A local clothing store offered me credit(賒賬)whileI was only in seventh grade.I immediatelymaking only 65 cents an hour, and I already owed the storekeeper $ 90!So I learned early the danger of easy credit.I paid it off as soon as I could.49．A.soldB.borrowedC.chargedD.wore

II 名詞僻義

十三a blanket of/ a carpet of(僻義:一層毯狀物)(熟義:毛毯 ,地毯)

【07四川卷】Well , less than a week after my arrival in Manila.I was already carpeted with a43of mosquito bites.I took many measures to keep myself from being bitten, but they all proved useless.43．A.shadeB.pileC.cloudD.blanket

十四lecture(僻義:長篇大論的教訓(xùn))(熟義:演講 講課)

【 06浙江】He wrote his wife's name on the back of the photos and handed them to a clerk behind the desk in the booth.“ If you see a small, dark lady with brown eyes and an apologetic expression obviously looking for someone, his office in Morrison Building, satisfied that if

a picture is worth a thousand words, then the four photos must be a good31．A.descriptionB.preparationC.excuseD.lecture

十五nature(僻義:本質(zhì) 實(shí)質(zhì))(熟義:大自然)

【06遼寧】It was a bright spring afternoon when Freda told me she wouldn't need me any more.I had just finished my four-hour work － moving up and down the stairs of her three-storey home cleaning the floor and washing the dishes.…I had watched them grow up.Now I was tired, but the strange thing was that I still wanted to keep scraping away the dirt and dust for the family.I left Freda's house that day, wondering about my relationship with my clients(主顧).Who am I to them? As a matter of fact, I'm merely an employee——the lowest kind of employee.But I'm also a trusted member of the family.I can't help worrying about what happens around me.52．A.meaningB.natureC.resultD.importance

十六sense(僻義:意義)(熟義:感官)

【04重慶】The teacher asked carefully ,”How did you get the scar on your face?“

The mother answered, ”When my son was a baby, he was in a room that caught fire.Everyone was too afraid to go in because the fire was out of control，so I went in.As I was running toward his bed, I saw a piece of wood coming down and I placed myself over him trying to protect him.I was knocked senseless but fortunately a fireman came in and saved both of us.“ She touched the burned side of her face.”This scar will be lasting, but to this day, I have never regretted what I did.“

At this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with tears in his eyes.He held her mother in his arms and felt a greattightly of the day.54．A.honorB.senseC.happinessD.pride

十七point(僻義:意義)(熟義:小數(shù)點(diǎn))

【08安徽】What is the52of studying towns in the way? For me, it is simply that one gets a greater depth of pleasure by visiting and seeing a town with one's own eyes.A personal visit to a town may help one better understand why it is attractive than just reading about it in a guide-book.52．A.pointB.viewC.problemD.difficulty

III 詞性活用導(dǎo)致僻義

十八present(僻義:呈現(xiàn),講述)(熟義:禮物)

十九reason(僻義:和…..說理)(熟義:理由)

【08北京】When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship.Having been a Straight-A student, I believed I could take tough subjects and really learn something.One such course was World Literature given by Professor to find a 77, C-plus, on my test paper, for English was my best subject.I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained unmoved.I decided to try harder, although I didn't know what thatmeantbecause school had always been easy for me.I read the books more carefully, but got anotherProfessor Jayne.Again, he listened patiently but wouldn't change his mind.37．A.soughtB.presentedC.exchangedD.obtained

42．A.quarreledB.reasonedC.bargainedD.chatted

二十build(僻義:體格)(熟義:修建)

【08江西】…”They are experienced laborers who know how to spread the weight of the rocks they carry.See how the man positions the rock just at the slope of his shoulder.Some of the rock's weight is set againsthis head, some on the right hand and some on the left hand.His body isn't bent.His legs are well placed.“

”You're right, Josh.He may have a small he certainly well knows his job.Dear me!And to think we have been studying physics!

46．A.ButB.HoweverC.SoD.Therefore

二十一 match(僻義:對(duì)手 敵手)(熟義:比賽)

【08湖北】…When they reached Neilson's car, the attacker had jumped into the driver's seat and was madly

searching for the keys.Bruce opened the door, and he and Jackson dragged the man out.The attacker fought back.for the two athletic men.51．A.matchB.targetC.equalD.companion

二十二treat(僻義:款待)(熟義:治療)

【08陜西】One evening, a passer-by asked to stay for the night.Seeing that he had an honest face, she let him in and gave him a nice.The next morning the stranger, actually a sorcerer(巫師), thanked her by granting(允準(zhǔn))her wish that anyone who climbed up her tree should not be able to come back down until she permitted it.25．A.giftB.kissC.treatD.smile

二十三change(僻義:找錢零錢)(熟義:變化)

【07湖南】…What a mess!Then my mother came to help me, and she also showed me how to make49.If quarters and a dollar and said,“75 cents makes four dollars, plus one dollar makes five.”Things went more smoothly after that.49．A.moneyB.lunchC.coffeeD.change

【06湖南】Looking at his black-striped bananas, I bargained down to 200 total for the fruit and nuts.He agreed.I handed him a 500 naira note.He didn't haveSo I told him not to worry.He was grateful and smiled a row of perfect teeth.41．A.changeB.notesC.checksD.bills

二十四shape(僻義:塑造)(熟義:形狀)

【07山東卷】Life is filled with challenges.As we get older we come to realize that those challenges are the very us and make us who we are ,it is the same with the challenges that come with friendship.37．A.designB.promoteC.directD.shape

二十五share(僻義:一份)(熟義:分享_)

【04北京】The new coach, however, took all the fun out of the game: All we did during practice was run.I always wished to God that it would rain so we would not have the training.Of course, all teams run drills;they are necessary.But we ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble breathing.Younger people shouldn't be doing exercises intended for 18-year-olds

I was very thin before I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldn't eat much, because I was afraid of being too full to run.I feared making mistakes, and the added pressure caused me to make more than my usual

49．A.sizeB.shareC.spaceD.state

二十六tire(僻義:輪胎)(熟義:疲倦)

二十七flat(僻義:癟的輪胎氣不足)(熟義:公寓)

二十八go with(僻義:匹配)(熟義:與……一道)

【04湖北】Elizabeth Clay decided to go home and spend the holiday with her parents.The next day she drove her old car home along the road.Suddenly she found she got a flat.The 22-year-old student managed to stop her car by At this time, a car stopped.Paul and Diane told Clay to follow them to a service station near their house.They arrived to see that it had no suitable tires towith her car.“Follow us home,” said Paul.38．A.spareB.freeC.fullD.empty

42．A.agreeB.matchC.goD.deal

二十九service(僻義:檢修 維修)(熟義:服務(wù))

【04湖南】I grew up in a community called Estepona.I was 16 when one morning, Dad told me I could drive him into a distant village called Mijas, on condition that I took the car in to beat nearby garage.Readily accepted, I drove Dad into Mijas, and promised to pick him up at 4 pm, then dropped off the car at the garage.With several hours to spare, l went to a theater.However, when the last movie finished, it was six.1 was two hours late!

37．A.keptB.washedC.watchedD.serviced

三十grade(僻義:被打上了等級(jí))(熟義:成績(jī) 等級(jí))

【04全國】Two days passed before Mr.Fleagle returned the50papers.He said, “Now, class, I want to read you a composition, The Art of Eating Spaghetti.”

50．A.writtenB.gradedC.collectedD.signed

三十一social(僻義:社交層面的 交際的)(熟義:社會(huì)的)

【04全國】Never had I eaten spaghetti, and none of the grown-ups had enough experience to be good at it.What laughing arguments we had about therespectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth.Suddenly, I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to put it down simply for my own joy, not for…

43．A.nearlyB.naturallyC.officiallyD.socially

三十二still(僻義:一動(dòng)不動(dòng)的 靜止)(熟義:依舊)

【06全國】On a hot summer day in late August, I sought shade and a cool drink at a waterfront café on a Greek island.Over a hundred degrees inair.Crowded.Tempers(脾氣)of both the tourists and waiters had rose to meet the situation, making it a rather quarrelsome environment.36．A.freshB.coolC.stillD.thin

三十三would(僻義:愿意)(熟義:將會(huì))

【06 重慶】She was moved to a specialized health center, and whatever method could be tried was used.Still she would43．A.get upB.give upC.turn upD.stand up

三十四narrow(僻義:勉強(qiáng)的)(熟義:狹窄的)

【06江西】One afternoon ,the headmaster called my friend to discuss one essay with him in a lively spirit.“I was interested in this point you make here.I think you might have gone further.Tell me what you had in your mind.” The headmaster continued in this way for some time to the fear of my friend.However the headmaster, not wishing to turn an occasion of praise into one of fault-finding, finally let him go.He came back to me like a man who had had a very 54．A.surpriseB.escapeC.hopeD.chance

第四篇：2016 考研英語閱讀常見熟詞僻義(27 個(gè))

三、2016 考研英語閱讀常見熟詞僻義（27 個(gè)）address, diet, cause, novel, realize, stop, sound, firm, might, weather, panel, keep, promise, buy, catch, game, slip, tap, ground, lean, anchor, chair, nature, spell, stress, trust, policy 1)Address 熟義：n.地址 僻義：v.向...致辭, 演說

(02-01)Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different.根據(jù)與你談話的不同對(duì)象，問題也有所不同 2)Diet 熟義：n.飲食習(xí)慣 僻義：n.減肥,瘦身；議會(huì)

(00-01)American industry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has learnt to be more quick-witted.美國的工業(yè)已經(jīng)改變了結(jié)構(gòu)，學(xué)會(huì)了明智 3)Cause 熟義：n./v.原因，導(dǎo)致 僻義：n.事業(yè)，理想，目標(biāo)

(03-02)One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research.一個(gè)這樣的事業(yè)現(xiàn)在正在尋求終止生物醫(yī)學(xué)的研究，因?yàn)橛羞@樣一種理論說，動(dòng)物享有權(quán)利禁止它們被用于實(shí)驗(yàn)。4)Novel 熟義：n.小說

僻義：adj.新穎的

(00-03)(第 60 題題干)When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to determine its purposes 當(dāng)一種新的文學(xué)理念出現(xiàn)時(shí)，人們應(yīng)該試著去了解它的意圖。5)Realize

熟義：v.意識(shí)到 僻義：v.實(shí)現(xiàn)，發(fā)揮

(03-04)Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm “have a duty to die and get out of the way”, so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential.據(jù)說，Colorado 州前州長 Richard Lamm 曾經(jīng)說，老年多病者―有責(zé)任死去和讓位‖，以讓更年輕、更 健康的人們?nèi)グl(fā)揮他們的潛能。6)Stop

熟義：n./v.停止 僻義：n.句號(hào)

(00-03)We must pour out a large stream of essential

words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs.我們必須大量使用基本詞匯，擺脫句號(hào)，修飾性形容詞及限定動(dòng)詞的羈絆。7)Sound

熟義 n.聲音, 語音, 噪音 v.聽起來

僻義 adj.健全的, 合理的, 有效徹底的, 健康的（sound and safe: 安然無恙）

(05-02)If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.如果我們準(zhǔn)備保護(hù)大氣，關(guān)鍵要讓這些新發(fā)電廠對(duì)環(huán)境無害。8)Firm

熟義 adj.結(jié)實(shí)的，穩(wěn)固的

僻義 n.公司，商號(hào)

(07-04)Until California recently passed a law, American firms did not have to tell anyone, even the victim, when data went astray.直到加利福尼亞最近通過了一項(xiàng)法律，美國的公司不必告知任何人信息何時(shí)泄露，甚至包括受害人。(04-02)It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories.人們?cè)缫阎涝诳蛻舴嗠娫挷緯r(shí)，名叫 AAAA 的出租汽車公司要比 Zodiac 出租汽車公司有很大的優(yōu) 越性。

(01-04)This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.這個(gè)現(xiàn)象造成了人們對(duì)小型企業(yè)和民族資本的作用以及世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的最終穩(wěn)定的嚴(yán)重憂慮。9)Might 熟義

may 的過去式 僻義 n.力量，威權(quán)(with might and main: 盡全力)(01-04)The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might.這個(gè)浪潮從異常活躍的美國席卷到歐洲，并以不可比擬的威力影響到正在崛起的國家。10)Weather

熟義：n.天氣 僻義：v.經(jīng)受風(fēng)雨，度過難關(guān)

(07-03)This ―added-worker effect‖ could support the

safety net offered by unemployment insurance or

disability insurance to help families weather bad times.這種“附加工人效應(yīng)”可以支持失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)或殘疾保險(xiǎn)所提供的保障制度，以幫助家庭渡過困難時(shí)期。11)Panel

熟義：n.儀表板，面板

僻義：n.專家小組

(05-02)The latest was a panel from the National

Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is definitely

warming and that the problem is largely man-made.最近的行動(dòng)是由白宮召集了一批來自國家科學(xué)院的專家團(tuán)，他們告訴我們，地球氣候毫無疑問正在變暖，而這個(gè)問題主要是人為造成的

(99-04)The panel has not yet reached agreement on a crucial question, however, whether to recommend legislation that would make it a crime for private funding to be used for human cloning.然而，該小組尚未在一個(gè)關(guān)鍵問題上達(dá)成一致，即是否建議立法機(jī)關(guān)把將私人資金用于克隆人的行

為視為犯罪。

12)Keep 熟義：v.保持

僻義：n.生計(jì)

(03-01)Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good

information from bad.That's where Straitford earns its keep.當(dāng)然公開來源的諜報(bào)活動(dòng)的確有它的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)楹茈y區(qū)分正確與錯(cuò)誤的信息。這正是 Straitford 公司賺得生計(jì)的地方。13)Promise

熟義：v./n.承諾 僻義：n.有希望，有前途（promising:(形)有希望的，有前途的）(04-04)Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”

Hofstadter 說，掌握我們國家教育體系的人―沾沾自喜地、霸氣十足地公然宣稱敵視才學(xué)，迫不及待地認(rèn)同那些看來在才學(xué)方面最無前途的孩子。‖

14)buy 熟義：v.購買

僻義：v.聽信，認(rèn)同(05-02)Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.許多美國人相信了這些胡言亂語，在三十多年中，差不多有一千萬煙民早早的進(jìn)了墳?zāi)埂?5)Catch 熟義：v.抓住 僻義：n.捕獲，捕獲量

(06-03)That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.這意味著可以捕獲更多的海洋生物，所以現(xiàn)在和過去的真正差距可能會(huì)比之前在捕獲區(qū)記錄的數(shù)據(jù)所 體現(xiàn)出的更糟糕。16)Game 熟義：n.游戲,比賽 僻義：n.獵物

(06-03)The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction.但大部分的，成長緩慢的動(dòng)物則成了狩獵的目標(biāo)，并且很快被狩獵到滅絕。17)Slip 熟義：v.滑倒 僻義：n.紙片

(07-03)Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a

disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.如今，一份解雇通知書、一個(gè)不利的診斷結(jié)果或者配偶的去世都可能在幾個(gè)月之內(nèi)將一個(gè)家庭從穩(wěn)定的中產(chǎn)階層家庭降格成為一個(gè)新貧困家庭。18)Tap

熟義：v.輕拍，n.水龍頭，栓頭 僻義：v.開

發(fā)

(99-02)In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market.大約在網(wǎng)上交易的第一年當(dāng)中，大部分業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)都

是圍繞著努力開發(fā)消費(fèi)者市場(chǎng)來進(jìn)行的。19)Ground

熟義：n.地面，僻義：n.根據(jù)，依據(jù)(on the ground that…)

(03-03)Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone's cost.鐵路公司對(duì)―被控‖客戶進(jìn)行區(qū)別對(duì)待的依據(jù)是，從

長遠(yuǎn)來看，這樣做會(huì)降低所有人的成本。

20)Lean

熟義 v.倚靠, 傾斜 僻義 adj.瘦的, 貧乏的, 歉

收的

(06-02)They all seem to look alike（though they come from all over）–lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and

bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre

消瘦、率直、專注的臉龐，穿著牛仔褲和便鞋，吃著小圓面包，在劇場(chǎng)外的石板上過夜，(03-01)Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin.Friedman 只在奧斯汀市雇用了為數(shù)不多的雇員。其中的一些有軍事情報(bào)工作背景。21)Anchor

熟義：n.錨 僻義：n.主持人，主播(06-04)Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling.快餐食客、新聞主播、發(fā)短信的人，都在笑啊笑啊。22)Chair 熟義：n.椅子

僻義：v./n.主持，主席(03-04)former surgeon general C.Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s.前衛(wèi)生局醫(yī)務(wù)主任 C.Everett Koop 80 來歲還出任了一個(gè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司的總裁。23)Nature 熟義：n.自然 僻義：n.天性，本質(zhì)，本性（human nature 人性）

(99-01)The jury agreed that the nature of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athlete's injury.陪審團(tuán)也認(rèn)為造成該運(yùn)動(dòng)員受傷的是這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)本身的危險(xiǎn)性，而不是頭盔。24)Spell 熟義：v.拼寫 僻義：n.一段時(shí)間

(02-02)Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.雖然一開始在 20 世紀(jì) 60 年代和 70 年代有過一段樂觀的時(shí)期——那時(shí)候仿佛晶體管電路和微處理器的 發(fā)展將使他們?cè)?2010 年能夠模仿人類大腦的活動(dòng)——但是最近研究人員已經(jīng)開始將這個(gè)預(yù)測(cè)延后數(shù)十年，甚至數(shù)百年。25)Stress 熟義：n.壓力

僻義：v.強(qiáng)調(diào)

(00-04)While often praised by foreigners for its

emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression.雖然日本的教育因強(qiáng)調(diào)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)而經(jīng)常受到外國人的贊揚(yáng)，但是它往往強(qiáng)調(diào)考試和機(jī)械學(xué)習(xí)，而不重視創(chuàng)造性和自我表現(xiàn)。26)Trust

熟義：n./v.信任，信賴 僻義：n.托拉斯（公司

形式）

(01-04)Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could re-create the same threats to

competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the US, when the Standard Oil trust was broken up.但是很難想像當(dāng)今的幾個(gè)石油公司的合并是否會(huì)重新造成約 100 年前美國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)石油公司對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)造成的

同樣的威脅，那時(shí)由于人們對(duì)該公司的這種擔(dān)心而導(dǎo)致了它最終的解散。27)Policy

熟義：n.政策，方針 僻義：n.保險(xiǎn)單

(05-02)With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.隨著風(fēng)險(xiǎn)越來越明顯，并且不斷增加，一個(gè)謹(jǐn)慎的民族現(xiàn)在應(yīng)準(zhǔn)備一份保單了。

第五篇：新東方考研英語?？际煸~僻義單詞

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?？际煸~僻義單詞

本部分共84個(gè)單詞 academic a.①學(xué)校的，學(xué)院的；②學(xué)術(shù)的；n.學(xué)者，大學(xué)教師 【真題例句】 If the preoccupation of schools with academic(a.①)work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values.[1995年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 如果學(xué)校對(duì)學(xué)業(yè)的強(qiáng)調(diào)減少一些，也許就有更多的時(shí)間教孩子更重要的價(jià)值觀念?！菊骖}例句】 Mr.McWhorter?s academic(a.②)speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.[2005年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 麥克沃特先生的學(xué)術(shù)專長在于語言史和語言變化，舉例來說，他認(rèn)為“whom”一詞的逐漸消失是很自然的，并不比舊式英語中詞格的消失更讓人惋惜?！菊骖}例句】 Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic(n.)and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “reengineering” has been crude.[1998年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 哈佛學(xué)者倫納德·施萊辛格是一家迅速擴(kuò)張的美味面包店的前總裁，他說，許多“企業(yè)重組”都不成熟。accommodate v.①留宿，收容；②供應(yīng)，供給；③使適應(yīng)；使符合 【真題例句】 And they also need to give serious(21：thought)to how they can be best(22：accommodate)(③)such changes.[2003年完形] 【例句精譯】 他們也應(yīng)該認(rèn)真考慮青少年是如何適應(yīng)這些變化的。acknowledge v.①承認(rèn)，認(rèn)為；②致謝；③確認(rèn) 【真題例句】 Dr.Worm acknowledges(①)that these figures are conservative, one reason for this is that fishing technology has improved.[2006年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 Worm博士承認(rèn)這些數(shù)據(jù)還是保守的，一個(gè)原因就是捕漁技術(shù)已經(jīng)改進(jìn)了很多。act [Akt] v.①行動(dòng)，做事；②（on）起作用；③表演；④（for）代表，代替；n.①行為，動(dòng)作；②

（一）幕；③法令，條例 【真題例句】 Governments throughout the world act(v.②)on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community.[2000年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 世界各國的政府都基于一種觀點(diǎn)行政，即人民的福利在很大程度上取決于本國的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和國家的財(cái)富?！菊骖}例句】 The paid manager acting(v.④)for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 代表公司進(jìn)行管理的領(lǐng)薪經(jīng)理們與工人和工人的需求形成更加直接的關(guān)系，但甚至他們也很少像正在被淘汰的舊式家族企業(yè)的家長制中的雇主那樣熟悉和了解工人的情況?！菊骖}例句】 Some , however , are less reasonable processes of different growth in which preconception of the form scientific theory ought to take, by persons in authority, act(n.①)to alter the growth pattern of different areas.[1996年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 然而，不同的發(fā)展過程中，有些不怎么合理——在這些發(fā)展過程中，一些權(quán)威人士對(duì)科學(xué)研究應(yīng)該采取的方式有偏見，從而改變了不同科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展模式?！菊骖}例句】 The commercial TV channels — ITV and Channel 4 — were required by the Thatcher Government?s Broadcasting Act(n.③)to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs.[1996年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 按撒切爾政府廣播法的要求，商業(yè)電視頻道——第一和第四頻道——正在進(jìn)行商業(yè)化，彼此競(jìng)爭(zhēng)廣告業(yè)務(wù)，降低成本，裁減員工。address [E5dres] n.地址，通訊處，致詞；v.①致函，寫姓名地址；②向……講話；③處理 【真題例句】 Depending on whom you are addressing(v.②), the problems will be different.[2002年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 針對(duì)不同的聽眾，要談的問題也應(yīng)該不同。

第 1 頁 《考研英語常考熟詞僻義真題語境記憶》

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aggressive [E5gresiv] a.①侵略的，好斗的；②大膽的，積極的 【真題例句】 Now it is a social policy, the most important and aggressive(②)promoter of gambling in America is the government.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 現(xiàn)在這是一種社會(huì)政策，賭博業(yè)最重要的和最激進(jìn)的支持者是美國政府。anchor [5ANkE] n.①錨；②新聞節(jié)目主持人；v.拋錨，停泊 【真題例句】 Fast-food eaters, news anchors(n.②), text messengers, all smiling, smiling.[2006年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 快餐食客、新聞主播、發(fā)短信的人，都在微笑、微笑?！菊骖}例句】 Hot spots, anchored(v.)in the deeper layers of the earth, provide the measuring instruments needed to resolve the question.[1998年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 位于地殼深處的熱點(diǎn)提供了解決該問題的測(cè)量依據(jù)。appreciate [E5pri:Fieit] v.①感謝，感激；②正確評(píng)價(jià)，欣賞，賞識(shí) 【真題例句】 66.The change in Japanese Life-style is revealed in the fact that_____.[2000年閱讀4] 【真題例句】 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are(17：comprehensive)programs that address(v.③)the many needs of the homeless.[2006年完形] 【例句精譯】 《波士頓環(huán)球日?qǐng)?bào)》記者克里斯?雷迪認(rèn)為只有通過全面規(guī)劃來解決這些無家可歸者的各種需求，這種局面才有可能得到改善。

[D] the Japanese appreciate(②)their present life 【例句精譯】 66、_____事實(shí)顯示：日本人的生活方式發(fā)生了改變。

[D] 日本人欣賞現(xiàn)有的生活 apprehensive [7Apri5hensiv] a.①有理解力的；②憂慮的，擔(dān)心的 【真題例句】 52.What is many captive shippers? attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?[2003年閱讀3]

[D] Apprehensive(②).【例句精譯】

52、許多受控制的托運(yùn)人對(duì)鐵路部門的合并是什么態(tài)度？

[D] 擔(dān)心，害怕 argue [5B:gju:] v.①爭(zhēng)論，辯論；②認(rèn)為，主張，論證；③說服 【真題例句】 The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing(①)about the rights of animals is fruitless.[1997年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 關(guān)鍵問題是：如果對(duì)人的權(quán)利沒有共同認(rèn)識(shí)，那么討論動(dòng)物的權(quán)利就是毫無結(jié)果的?！菊骖}例句】 He is not arguing(②), as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.[2005年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 不像其他大多數(shù)人，麥克沃特先生并不認(rèn)為我們說話方式不規(guī)范就不能使我們直接思考。attach [E5tAtF] v.①（to）縛上，系上，貼上；②使依附，使隸屬，使依戀；③附加，附帶；④把～放在 【真題例句】 A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the anti-science tag has been attached(①)to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.[1998年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 1996年對(duì)新聞報(bào)道的調(diào)查表明，反科學(xué)的標(biāo)簽也貼在了許多其他群體身上，這些人包括從提倡消滅所有現(xiàn)存的天花病毒的官方人士到倡議削減基礎(chǔ)研究基金的共和黨人?！菊?題例句】 They(particularly Quebec and Alberta)just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached(③).[2005年新題型] 【例句精譯】 這些官員（尤其是魁北克省和阿伯塔省）只希望政府當(dāng)局額外出錢，如有可能，還會(huì)附帶條件。【真題例句】 The modern school that hails technology argues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, and inventors such as Edison attached(④)great importance to, and derived great benefit from, craft information and technological devices of different kinds that were usable in scientific experiments.[1994年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 推崇技術(shù)的現(xiàn)代學(xué)派認(rèn)為，像伽利略、牛頓、麥克斯韋、愛因斯坦這樣的大師以及像愛迪生這樣的發(fā)明家都非常重視科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中使用的不同技術(shù)信息和技術(shù)設(shè)施，并從中受益頗深。

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第 2 頁 《考研英語常考熟詞僻義真題語境記憶》

contend [kEn5tend] v.①競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，斗爭(zhēng)；②堅(jiān)決主張，聲稱，認(rèn)為 【真題例句】 It is the playgoers, the RSC contends(②), who bring in much of the town?s revenue because they spend the night(some of them four or five nights)pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.[2006年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 皇家莎士比亞公司（RSC）聲稱是看戲的人給小鎮(zhèn)帶來了大部分收入，因?yàn)樗麄冋麄€(gè)晚上（有時(shí)甚至是四、五個(gè)晚上）都把錢花到旅館和飯店上。cook [kuk] n.炊事員，廚師；v.①烹調(diào)，煮，燒；②偽造 【真題例句】 If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook(n.①)beam [bi:mn.①（橫）梁，桁條；②（光線的）束，柱；v.①微笑；②發(fā)光 【真題例句】 Our magazines feature beaming(v.①)celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.[2006年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 我們的雜志突出刊登滿面春風(fēng)的名人和美滿幸福的家庭。cement [si5ment] n.①水泥；②膠泥，膠接劑；v.①膠合；②鞏固，加強(qiáng) 【真題例句】 Egypt?s leadership in the Arab world was cemented(v.②)by the Aswan High Dam.[1998年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 埃及在阿拉伯世界的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位因阿斯旺大壩而得以鞏固。chair [tFZE] n.①椅子；②主席（職位）；vt.主持，擔(dān)任 【真題例句】 “It?s your dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair(n.②)of psychology at Chicago?s Medical Center,“If you don?t like it, change it.”[2005年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 芝加哥醫(yī)療中心心理部主任Rosalind Cartwright指出“這是你的夢(mèng)，你不喜歡它，你可以改變它”?！菊骖}例句】 Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment — although no one had proposed to do so — and asked an independent panel of experts chaired(vt.)by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning.[1999年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 他宣稱反對(duì)利用這種非同尋常的畜牧學(xué)技術(shù)去克隆人，并下令禁止使用聯(lián)邦資金做這樣的實(shí)驗(yàn)——盡管還沒有人提出那樣的要求——并責(zé)令成立一個(gè)由普林斯頓大學(xué)校長哈羅德?夏皮羅為首的獨(dú)立專家小組，在90天內(nèi)拿出有關(guān)克隆人的國策建議，向白宮匯報(bào)。climate [5klaimit] n.①氣候；②風(fēng)氣，社會(huì)思潮 【真題例句】 The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates(①).[1998年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 逃離人口過度稠密區(qū)的做法改變了以前那種離開寒冷地帶去氣候宜人之地的趨勢(shì)?！菊骖}例句】 When the work is well done, a(43：climate)(②)of accident-free operations is established(44：where)time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.[1999年完形] 【例句精譯】 如果此項(xiàng)工作做得好的話，就會(huì)形成無事故作業(yè)的好風(fēng)氣，因此那兒的因工傷事故所造成的時(shí)間損失就會(huì)被控制在最低限度。code [kEudn.①代碼，代號(hào)，密碼；②法典，法規(guī)，規(guī)劃 【真題例句】 Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code(①)during World War II to send secret messages.[2004年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 美洲的土著語言是如此地“與眾不同”，甚至美軍在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中用土著語言Navajo發(fā)送密碼。【真題例句】(49)But his primary task is not to think about the moral code(②), which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.[2006年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(49)但是，普通科學(xué)家的主要任務(wù)并非思考指導(dǎo)其行為的道德規(guī)范，正如我們并不指望商人把精力投入到商業(yè)行為的探索一樣。column [5kClEm] n.①圓柱，柱狀物；②列；③（報(bào)刊中的）專欄 【真題例句】 “The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column(③), “l(fā)ies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數(shù)學(xué)英語政治視頻課程

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the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be.”[1997年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 他在《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》一篇專欄文章中寫道：“對(duì)任何一個(gè)民主社會(huì)的檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不在于它能多有效地壓制各種情感的表達(dá)，而在于是否給予了人們思考和表達(dá)的最廣泛的自由，盡管有時(shí)這種結(jié)果會(huì)引起爭(zhēng)論和憤怒?！?第 3 頁 《考研英語?？际煸~僻義真題語境記憶》

first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served.[1996年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 假如我們想請(qǐng)朋友吃晚飯，我們就會(huì)準(zhǔn)備菜譜、寫購物單、決定先做哪道菜等，這樣的籌劃對(duì)于舉行任何形式的宴請(qǐng)都是必不可少的?！菊骖}例句】 Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties---he is not supposed to cook(n.②)his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports.[2006年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 像其他人類一樣，普通科學(xué)家甚至在每天日常的工作中都遭遇到了道義上的問題——他不應(yīng)該偽造他的實(shí)驗(yàn)、制造證據(jù)或改動(dòng)他的報(bào)告。coverage [5kQvEridV] n.①新聞報(bào)導(dǎo)（范圍）；②保險(xiǎn)項(xiàng)目 【真題例句】 With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewers in Asia and America can now watch the Corporation?s news coverage(①), as well as listen to it.[1996年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 隨著BBC（英國廣播公司）全世界電視節(jié)目的開播，亞洲和美洲的數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的人不僅可以聽到它的新聞廣播，而且也能看到它的電視新聞報(bào)道了。crack [krAk] n.①裂紋，縫隙；②破裂聲；v.①（使）開裂；②解決；③（get ～ing）開始 【真題例句】 As the dome grows, it develops deep fissures(cracks)(n.①);in at least a few cases the continent may break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean.[1998年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 隨著這個(gè)圓頂?shù)脑龃螅鍓K出現(xiàn)深深的裂縫。至少有幾次，大陸可能會(huì)沿著其中的一些裂縫完全裂開，因此這個(gè)熱點(diǎn)就引發(fā)了一個(gè)新的海洋的形成。【真題例句】 Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked(v.①)rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel.[1997年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 因此，才會(huì)有人將貨幣政策的指導(dǎo)作用比作是駕駛一輛帶有黑色擋風(fēng)玻璃、破碎的后視鏡及方向盤失靈的破汽車。【真題例句】 So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking(v.③)about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.[2005年新題型] 【例句精譯】 所以，當(dāng)官員們聚集在尼亞加拉瀑布城像往常一樣不停的抱怨時(shí)，他們也應(yīng)該在自己的權(quán)限范圍內(nèi)開始做些有利于他們的預(yù)算和病人的事情。craft [krB:ft] n.①工藝，手藝，技巧；②飛機(jī)，飛船；③行業(yè)；v.精工制作 【真題例句】 The modern school that hails technology argues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, and inventors such as Edison attached great importance to, and derived great benefit from, craft(n.①)information and technological devices of different kinds that were usable in scientific experiments.[1994年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 推崇技術(shù)的現(xiàn)代學(xué)派認(rèn)為，像伽利略、牛頓、麥克斯韋、愛因斯坦這樣的大師以及像愛迪生這樣的發(fā)明家都非常重視科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中使用的不同技術(shù)信息和技術(shù)設(shè)施，并從中受益頗深。【真題例句】 The irony of the historian? s craft(n.③)is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process.[1999年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 具有諷刺意味的是，在歷史學(xué)領(lǐng)域，歷史學(xué)家都知道，他們所做的努力只不過是為一個(gè)永無止境的研究過程做一些貢獻(xiàn)罷了。deliver [di5livE] v.①交付，遞送；②發(fā)表，表達(dá)，陳述；③釋放；④接生 【真題例句】 Most notably, the Pointcast Network uses a screen saver to deliver(①)a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers? computer monitors.[1999年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 最突出的例子是“定向投影”網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司，該 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數(shù)學(xué)英語政治視頻課程

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公司使用一種屏保系統(tǒng)，將大量最新的信息和廣告不斷地傳送到用戶的計(jì)算機(jī)顯示器上。【真題例句】 Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver(②)in a relaxed and unforced manner.[2002年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】（練習(xí)幽默）包括一些很隨便的、看上去是即興的話，你可以用輕松的、不做作的方式把它們說出來。digest [di5dVest] v.消化；n.摘要，文摘 【真題例句】 70.This passage appears to be a digest(n.)of _____.[1996年閱讀5]

[A] a book review 【例句精譯】 70、本文似乎是_____的摘要。

第 4 頁 《考研英語?？际煸~僻義真題語境記憶》

[A] 一個(gè)書評(píng) discipline [5disiplin] n.①紀(jì)律；②學(xué)科；③訓(xùn)練，訓(xùn)導(dǎo)；④懲罰，處罰；vt.①訓(xùn)練，訓(xùn)導(dǎo)；②懲罰，約束 【真題例句】(72)Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline(n.②)and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.[1999年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(72)人們之所以關(guān)注歷史研究的方法論，主要是因?yàn)槭穼W(xué)界內(nèi)部意見不一，其次是因?yàn)橥饨绮⒉徽J(rèn)為歷史是一門學(xué)問?！菊骖}例句】 As a member of a British commission visiting here in 1853 reported, “With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline(n.③), the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman.”[1996年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 正如1853年訪美的一個(gè)英國訪問團(tuán)成員所報(bào)道的那樣，“由于有了學(xué)校徹底訓(xùn)練過的頭腦，美國孩子迅速地成為技術(shù)熟練的工人?！?【真題例句】 The cruel discipline(n.④)of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other?s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 罷工和封廠的無情懲罰使雙方學(xué)會(huì)了互相尊重對(duì)方的力量，理解公正談判的價(jià)值。dismiss [dis5mis] v.①免職，解雇，開除，解散；②.不理會(huì)，不考慮 【真題例句】 He dismisses(②)a lot of the work of reengineering consultants as mere rubbish —“the worst sort of ambulance-chasing.”[1998年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 他對(duì)重組顧問們所作的大量工作不屑一顧，然為那些完全是垃圾——“典型的勞而無獲”。dock [dCk] n.船塢，碼頭；v.入塢，?？看a頭 【真題例句】 He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat docked at 5 a.m , then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 有時(shí)他一次玩兩個(gè)機(jī)器，整夜的玩，直到早上5點(diǎn)關(guān)門，然后娛樂場(chǎng)早上9點(diǎn)開門時(shí)再回去。doctor [5dCktEn.①博士；②醫(yī)生；v.偽造，篡改 【真題例句】 “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St.Peter.“Oh, that?s God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he?s a doctor(n.②).”[2002年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 “這是誰??？”新來的人問圣彼得?！芭叮鞘巧系?，”他回答說，“但有時(shí)也認(rèn)為自己是一名醫(yī)生?！?【真題例句】 Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties---he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor(v.)his reports.[2006年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 像其他人類一樣，普通科學(xué)家甚至在每天日常的工作中都遭遇到了道義上的問題——他不應(yīng)該偽造他的實(shí)驗(yàn)、制造證據(jù)或改動(dòng)他的報(bào)告。document [5dCkjumEnt] n.公文，文獻(xiàn)；vt.記載，證明 【真題例句】 Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr.McWhorter documents(vt.)is unmistakable.[2005年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 麥克沃特先生從上層和下層文化中列舉了一系列有趣的例子，從中我們可以看出他所記錄的這種趨勢(shì)不可避免。draft [drB:ft] n.草稿，草案，草圖；v.起草，草擬 【真題例句】 That group — the National Bioethics Advisory Commission(NBAC)— has been working feverishly to put its wisdom on paper, and at a meeting on 17 May, members agreed on a near-final draft(n.)of their recommendations.[1999年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 這個(gè)名為“全國生物倫理道德顧問委員會(huì)”(NBAC)的小組一直在非常積極的工作，集 5 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數(shù)學(xué)英語政治視頻課程

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思廣益，并正在將其意見寫成報(bào)告；在5月17日的一次會(huì)議上，委員們就幾乎定稿的建議書取得了一致意見?！菊骖}例句】 “Important information can get buried in a sea of trivialities,” says a law professor at Cornell Law School who helped draft(v.)the new guidelines.[1999年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 康奈爾大學(xué)法學(xué)院一位參與起草新綱要的教授說，“重要的信息會(huì)淹沒在細(xì)枝末節(jié)的汪洋大海之中”。dramatic [drE5mAtik] a.①戲劇的，戲劇性的；②劇烈的，激進(jìn)的；③顯著的，引人注目的 【真題例句】 Yet, dramatic(①)instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive.[1995年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 然而戲劇性地突然遺忘某事可能會(huì)帶來適應(yīng)性方面的問題?！菊骖}例句】 As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic(②)measures may be ineffective and painful.[2003年閱讀 第 5 頁 《考研英語?？际煸~僻義真題語境記憶》

4] 【例句精譯】 作為一名醫(yī)生，我深知最昂貴和最激進(jìn)的手段也可能是無效的和痛苦的； 【真題例句】 Straitford?s briefs don?t sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic(③)declarations on the chance they might be wrong.[2003年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 Straitford公司的簡(jiǎn)報(bào)沒有華盛頓許多其他公司常常提供的那種閃爍其詞的預(yù)報(bào)，其他公司這么做是為了避免萬一預(yù)報(bào)不準(zhǔn)備人抓住把柄。element [5elimEntn.①元素；②組成部分；③人員，分子 【真題例句】 They are different(46：in that)their elements(①)are arranged differently, and each vitamin(47：performs)one or more specific functions in the body.[1996年完形] 【例句精譯】 它們的不同之處在于每種維生素內(nèi)部的元素排列不同，并且每種維生素在人體內(nèi)都有一種或多種特殊作用?！菊骖}例句】 Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element(②)in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners;and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 對(duì)資本與企業(yè)的如此大規(guī)模的非個(gè)人操縱大大地增加了作為一個(gè)階級(jí)的持股人的數(shù)量及其地位的重要性。這個(gè)階層作為國計(jì)民生的一部分，不僅從地產(chǎn)和土地所有者的責(zé)任中脫離出來，而且?guī)缀跸鄳?yīng)地也從企業(yè)管理的責(zé)任中脫離出來。【真題例句】 The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element(③)and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 通過聘用大量專業(yè)人員來適應(yīng)新時(shí)代的技術(shù)要求，并防止了效率的降低，而在過去這種低效率曾使得許多舊式家族企業(yè)在精力充沛的創(chuàng)業(yè)者之后的第二、三代手中破產(chǎn)倒閉。engage [in5geidV] v.①（in）從事，忙于；②（to）與……訂婚；③聘用；④吸引 【真題例句】 Nevertheless Williams?s suit charged that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling” intentionally worked to “l(fā)ure” him to “engage(①)in conduct against his will” well.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 然而威廉姆斯還是控告娛樂場(chǎng)，明知道他“不可救藥地賭博上癮”還故意“誘惑”他“違背他自己的意愿參加賭博”?！菊骖}例句】 The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging(③)a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 通過聘用大量專業(yè)人員來適應(yīng)新時(shí)代的技術(shù)要求，并防止了效率的降低，而在過去這種低效率曾使得許多舊式家族企業(yè)在精力充沛的創(chuàng)業(yè)者之后的第二、三代手中破產(chǎn)倒閉?！菊骖}例句】 To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage(④)sympathy.[1997年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 對(duì)于大多數(shù)人來說，看見一個(gè)動(dòng)物在受苦，足以引起他們同情。experiment [iks5perimEnt] n.試驗(yàn)；v.（on）6 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數(shù)學(xué)英語政治視頻課程

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做實(shí)驗(yàn) 【真題例句】 Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments(n.)it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments.[1999年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 在實(shí)踐中，科學(xué)成果的取得依賴于做有準(zhǔn)備的實(shí)驗(yàn)，但更依賴于有思想準(zhǔn)備的實(shí)驗(yàn)觀察者?！菊骖}例句】 He experimented(vi.)with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery.[1994年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 他是對(duì)抗菌物質(zhì)進(jìn)行了長達(dá)9年的實(shí)驗(yàn)才有了這項(xiàng)發(fā)明。fabricate [5fAbrikeitv.①捏造，編造（謊言，借口等）；②建造，制造 【真題例句】(63)The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating(①)their data.[2004年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(63)這些新近被描述的語言和得到充分研究的歐洲和東南亞地區(qū)的語言往往差別顯著，以至于有些學(xué)者甚至指責(zé)Boas和Sapir編造了材料。fair [fZE] a.①公平的，合理的；②相當(dāng)?shù)?，尚好的；③晴朗的；④金發(fā)的；n.集市，交易會(huì)，博覽會(huì) 【真題例句】 To be fair(a.①), this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American.[1997年閱讀2]

第 6 頁 《考研英語常考熟詞僻義真題語境記憶》

【例句精譯】平心而論，人們對(duì)加拿大人也有這樣的評(píng)論，因而，應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)為這是北美的普遍現(xiàn)象。【真題例句】 In the United States, multitudes of premiums for new devices were awarded at country fairs(n.)and at the industrial fairs in major cities.[1996年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 在美國，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)新發(fā)明的大量獎(jiǎng)品在鄉(xiāng)村集市和大城市的工業(yè)博覽會(huì)上頒發(fā)。fashion [5fAFEn] n.①流行式樣（或貨品），風(fēng)尚，風(fēng)氣；②樣子，方式；vt.形成，制作，塑造 【真題例句】 More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion(n.①), companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another.[1999年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 最近，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)已被證明不是一時(shí)的時(shí)髦之后，公司間便開始（在網(wǎng)上）交易產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)?！菊骖}例句】 His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied reengineering in a mechanistic fashion(n.②), chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.[1998年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 他的同事邁克·比爾說，太多的企業(yè)以機(jī)械的方式進(jìn)行重組，降低了成本卻沒有考慮到長遠(yuǎn)效益?！菊骖}例句】 If the Administration won?t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning(vt.)conservation measures.[2005年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 假如政府當(dāng)局沒有采取司法行動(dòng)，議會(huì)就應(yīng)該協(xié)助來推廣環(huán)保措施。feature [5fi:tFE] n.①特征，特色；②（報(bào)紙或雜志）特寫；③容貌，面貌；v.給顯著地位 【真題例句】 The complementary coastlines and certain geological features(n.①)that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined.[1998年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 但互相吻合的海岸線和某些似乎跨越海洋的地質(zhì)特征表明兩個(gè)大陸曾經(jīng)連在一起?！菊骖}例句】 70.This passage appears to be a digest of _____.[1996年閱讀5]

[C] a magazine feature(n.②)【例句精譯】 70、本文似乎是_____的摘要。

[C] 一份雜志特寫 【真題例句】 68.Kitcher?s book is intended to _____.[1996年閱讀5] [B] expose the true features(n.③)of creationists 【例句精譯】 68、肯切爾的書旨在_____。[B] 披露所謂科學(xué)創(chuàng)世論者的真實(shí)面目 【真題例句】 Our magazines feature(v.)beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.[2006年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 我們的雜志突出刊登滿面春風(fēng)的名人和美滿幸福的家庭。field [fi:ld] n.①田，田野；②運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)；③領(lǐng)域，方面；④實(shí)地,野外 【真題例句】 The point is that the players who score most are the ones who take the most shots at the goal — and so it goes with innovation in any field(③)of activity.[1994年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 關(guān)鍵在于得分最多者正是那些射門次數(shù)最多的 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數(shù)學(xué)英語政治視頻課程

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球員，而任何領(lǐng)域的創(chuàng)新活動(dòng)都是如此?！菊骖}例句】 Anthropology is a field-study(④)oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis.[2003年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 人類學(xué)是一個(gè)以實(shí)地研究為方向的學(xué)科，該學(xué)科在研究中常常大量使用對(duì)比分析方法。figure [5figE] n.①體形；②數(shù)字；③圖形；④人物；v.（out）算出，估計(jì)，推測(cè) 【真題例句】 In the year 2000, the National Cancer Institute estimates that figure(n.②)will be 75 percent.[1994年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 國家癌癥研究所估計(jì)，到2000年存活率將升至75%。【真題例句】 Americans no longer expect public figures(n.④), whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift.Nor do they aspire to such command themselves.[2005年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 美國人不再期望公眾人物在演講或?qū)懽魑恼轮畷r(shí)可以巧妙地、富有天分地使用英語了，而他們自己本身也不奢望自己能夠做到這一點(diǎn)。finance [fai5nAnsn.①財(cái)政，金融；②資金；v.為……提供資金 【真題例句】 This also involves the agreements between European countries for the creation of a European bank for Television Production which, on the model of the European Investments Bank, will handle the finances(n.②)necessary for production costs.[2005年翻譯]

第 7 頁 《考研英語?？际煸~僻義真題語境記憶》

【例句精譯】 這也要求歐洲國家達(dá)成共識(shí)，并效仿能解決生產(chǎn)所需資金的歐洲投資銀行的模式，來創(chuàng)立一個(gè)歐洲節(jié)目制作資源庫?！菊骖}例句】 The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain?s former colony.They financed(v.)them.Immigrant Americans built them.Guess who owns them now? The Americans.[2001年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 英國人、德國人、荷蘭人和法國人都在這個(gè)前英國殖民地投資。他們提供資金，美洲移民建造。想想看，現(xiàn)在誰擁有這一切？美國人。firm [fE:m] a.11堅(jiān)固的，穩(wěn)固的；12堅(jiān)決的，堅(jiān)定的；n.21公司，商號(hào)

【真題例句】 It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices.【例句精譯】 廣告直接有助于商品以合理的價(jià)格銷售，由此建立穩(wěn)固的國內(nèi)市場(chǎng)，并使商品能以富有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的價(jià)格出口。

【真題例句】 Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers.【例句精譯】 許多舊式公司被有限責(zé)任公司所取代，由領(lǐng)薪經(jīng)理層構(gòu)成其管理機(jī)構(gòu)。horizon [hE5raizn] n.①地平線；②眼界，見識(shí)；③（思想等的）范圍，限度；④（on the ～）即將發(fā)生 【真題例句】 According to the new school of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons(③)of scientific knowledge.[1994年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 新學(xué)派科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，在拓展科學(xué)知識(shí)的范圍方面技術(shù)是被忽視的力量?！菊骖}例句】 For many of us, the “cashless society” is not on the horizon(④)— it?s already here.[1994年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 對(duì)于我們很多人來說，“無現(xiàn)金的社會(huì)”不是即將來臨，而是已經(jīng)到來。host [hEust] n.①主人；②主持人；③東道主；④（a ～ of）許多；v.①舉行；②主持；③主辦 【真題例句】 In any case, basic computer skills are only complementary to the host(n.④)of real skills that are necessary to becoming any kind of professional.[1999年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 無論如何，基本的計(jì)算機(jī)技能只是對(duì)成為某種專業(yè)技術(shù)人員所需的各種實(shí)際技能的補(bǔ)充?！菊骖}例句】(71)There will be television chat shows hosted(v.②)by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.[2001年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(71)屆時(shí)，將出現(xiàn)由機(jī)器人主持的電視訪談 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數(shù)學(xué)英語政治視頻課程

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節(jié)目以及裝有污染監(jiān)控器的汽車，一旦這些汽車排污超標(biāo)（違規(guī)），監(jiān)控器就會(huì)使其停駛。immediate [i5mi:djEt] a.①立即的，即時(shí)的；②直接的，最接近的 【真題例句】 But a decision among projects none of which has immediate(②)utility is more difficult.[1996年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 但是在沒有直接效用的項(xiàng)目中做抉擇就難多了。import [im5pC:t,5impC:t] v.進(jìn)口，輸入；n.①進(jìn)口，輸入；②[pl.]進(jìn)口商品，進(jìn)口物資；③重要性 【真題例句】 On the other hand, oil-importing(v.)emerging economies — to which heavy industry has shifted — have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.[2002年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 另一方面，進(jìn)口石油的新興國家由于轉(zhuǎn)向了重工業(yè)，消耗能量更大，因此可能會(huì)受到石油危機(jī)的強(qiáng)烈影響。【真題例句】

The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import(n.①)bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.[2002年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 國際經(jīng)合組織在最近一期的《經(jīng)濟(jì)展望》中估計(jì)，如果油價(jià)持續(xù)一年維持在22美元左右，與1998年的13美元一桶相比，這也只會(huì)使發(fā)達(dá)國家的石油進(jìn)口在支出上增加GDP的0.25%～0.5%。這還不到1974年或1980年收入減少部分的1/4?！菊骖}例句】 The full import(n.③)may take a while to sink in.[1997年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 該法案的重要性可能需要一段時(shí)間才能為人們所理解和接受。knowledge [5nClidV] n.①知識(shí)，學(xué)識(shí)；②知道，了解 【真題例句】 “Being learned in some branch of human knowledge(①)in one thing, living in public and industrious thoughts”, as Emersion would say, “is something else.”[2006年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 正如愛默生說的“在人類知識(shí)的一些分支中學(xué)習(xí)是一回事，在公眾的和勤勉的思想中生存就是另外一回事了?！?【真題例句】 The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge(②)of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good.[1996年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 這種股東不了解他們所持股的公司里工人們的生活、思想和需求。他們對(duì)勞資關(guān)系也不會(huì)產(chǎn)生積極的影響。

lean [li:n] v.①傾斜，屈身；②倚，靠，依賴；a.①瘦的，無脂肪的；②精干的，效率高的；③貧瘠的 【真題例句】 They all seem to look alike(though they come from all over)--lean(a.①), pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.[2006年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 他們看起來都一個(gè)樣（雖然他們從各個(gè)地方而來）——瘦削、率直、專注的臉龐，穿著牛仔褲和便鞋，吃著小圓面包，在劇場(chǎng)外的石板上過夜，以便能買得起20張座票和80張站票，這些票都是為那些睡覺的人準(zhǔn)備的，并且在票房第二天上午10點(diǎn)半開始售票時(shí)就賣給他們?！菊骖}例句】 Friedman relies on a lean(a.②)staff of 20 in Austin.[2003年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 弗里德曼在奧斯汀市只有20人的精干職員隊(duì)伍。lesson [5lesn] n.功課，課程；教訓(xùn) 【真題例句】 The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful.[1998年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 建造大壩的教訓(xùn)是：大的未必總是好的。local [5lEukEl] a.①地方的，當(dāng)?shù)氐?；②局部?【真題例句】 The townsfolk don?t see it this way and local(①)council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company.[2006年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 但是市民們不這樣認(rèn)為并且當(dāng)?shù)氐睦硎聲?huì)也不會(huì)直接給皇家莎士比亞公司提供補(bǔ)貼?！菊骖}例句】 Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local(②)studies in the old way.[2001年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 另一方面，業(yè)余人員繼續(xù)以舊的方式從事局部的研究。locate [lEu5keit] v.① 9 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數(shù)學(xué)英語政治視頻課程

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查找；②使……坐落于，位于 【真題例句】 Computer technology makes it possible to store vast amounts of data in machine-readable files, and to program computers to locate(①)specific information.[1995年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)使人們可以把大量的數(shù)據(jù)儲(chǔ)存到機(jī)器可讀的文件里，還能通過計(jì)算機(jī)編程找到某一信息?！菊骖}例句】 65.We can see from the available statistics that _____.[1998年閱讀4]

[B] the top 10 states in growth rate of population were all located(②)in the West 【例句精譯】 65、從得到的統(tǒng)計(jì)資料，我們可以看出_____。

[B] 人口增長率排名前十位的州都位于西部地區(qū) maintain [mein5tein] v.①維修，保養(yǎng)；②維持，保持；③堅(jiān)持，主張，支持 【真題例句】 Practice(or review)tends to build and maintain(②)memory for a task or for any learned material.[1995年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 實(shí)踐（或稱復(fù)習(xí)）就是建立并保持對(duì)某一任務(wù)或所學(xué)材料的記憶。【真題例句】 George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains(③)that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death.[2002年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 波士頓大學(xué)健康法律系主任喬治·安納斯堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，只要醫(yī)生是出于合理的醫(yī)療目的開藥，那么即使服用此藥會(huì)加速病人的死亡，醫(yī)生的行為也沒有違法。model [5mCdl] n.①樣式，型；②模范，典型；③模型；④原型，模特；v.（on，after）模仿，構(gòu)造 【真題例句】 Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models(n.①)that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.[1997年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，舊的經(jīng)濟(jì)模式是建立在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和通貨膨脹歷史聯(lián)系的基礎(chǔ)上的，而世界結(jié)構(gòu)的巨大改變可能已使這套模式不再適用了。【真題例句】 What they found, in attempting to model(v.)thought, is that the human brain?s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented — and human perception far more complicated — than previously imagined.[2002年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 在試圖模仿人類思維的過程中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人類大腦中的近1000億個(gè)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞要比以前想像的更聰明，人類的感覺器官也比以前想像的更復(fù)雜。mo(u)ld [mEuld] n.①模子，鑄型；②霉菌；v.形成，成形

【真題例句】 Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look at the mold(n.②)on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then.[1994年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 亞歷山大·弗萊明爵士可不是像傳說中的那樣，看了一眼奶酪上的霉菌就立刻想到了青霉素的發(fā)明?！菊骖}例句】 68.The writer?s experiment shows that downshifting _____.[2001年閱讀5]

[B] helps her mold(v.)a new philosophy of life 【例句精譯】 68、作者的嘗試表明：放慢生活節(jié)奏_____。

[B] 幫助她形成了新的人生觀 narrow [5nArEua.狹窄的，狹隘的；v.①限制，限定；②變窄，收縮 【真題例句】 For any job search, you should start with a narrow(a.)concept — what you think you want to do — then broaden it.[2004年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 尋找任何職業(yè)，你都要從一個(gè)狹窄的概念開始，即你想干什么工作，然后再加以擴(kuò)展。【真題例句】 Narrowing(v.①)your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.” says one expert.[2004年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 比如把個(gè)人求職要求越具體明確就有可能對(duì)你越不利，一位專家說：“你每回答一次問題你就喪失一次機(jī)會(huì)。” 【真題例句】 It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed(v.②)as other countries grew richer.[2000年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 隨著其他國家日益強(qiáng)盛，美國從這一優(yōu)勢(shì)地位逐漸下降是不可避免的。nature [5neitFE] n.①自然界，大自然；② 10 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數(shù)學(xué)英語政治視頻課程

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性質(zhì)，本性，天性 【真題例句】 No other species fills so many places in nature(①).[2000年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 沒有其他物種充斥著自然中如此多的空間。【真題例句】 The jury agreed that the nature(②)of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athlete?s injury.[1999年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 陪審團(tuán)也認(rèn)為造成該運(yùn)動(dòng)員受傷的是這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)本身的危險(xiǎn)性，而不是頭盔。note [nEutn.①筆記，記錄；②按語，注釋；③便條，短箋；④鈔票，紙幣；⑤暗示，建議v.①記下，摘下；②表明，認(rèn)為 【真題例句】 But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes(n.②)that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river — and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “Pluff!Pluff!A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”[2000年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 在某首詩中，未來派詩人用一行文字描寫了一名土耳其軍官和一名保加利亞軍官在橋上發(fā)生搏斗的場(chǎng)面，結(jié)果雙雙從橋上掉進(jìn)河中；看了這首詩，有點(diǎn)讓人摸不著頭腦；后來看了注解才發(fā)現(xiàn)，詩把他們兩人落水的聲音和體重寫在了一起：“撲通！撲通！185公斤?！?【真題例句】 There is a heavy note(n.⑤)of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped — with the educated themselves riding on them.[2000年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 他們的說法有著濃厚的虛偽色彩，正如馬從馬廄跑出來后再關(guān)上馬廄的門，而受過良好教育的人自己正騎在那些馬背上那樣的虛偽?！菊骖}例句】 “The term ?anti-science? can lump together too many, quite different things,” notes(v.①)Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science, “They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.”[1998年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 “?反科學(xué)?這個(gè)詞可以涵蓋太多截然不同的東西”，哈佛大學(xué)的哲學(xué)家杰拉爾德·霍爾頓在其1993年的著作《科學(xué)和反科學(xué)》中寫道：“它們惟一的共同點(diǎn)就是會(huì)激怒或威脅那些自以為更開明的人?！?【真題例句】 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes(v.②)that the situation will improve only when there are(17：comprehensive)programs that address the many needs of the homeless.[2006年完形] 【例句精譯】 《波士頓環(huán)球日?qǐng)?bào)》記者克里斯?雷迪認(rèn)為只有通過全面規(guī)劃來解決這些無家可歸者的各種需求，這種局面才有可能得到改善。novel [5nCvEl] n.（長篇）小說；a.新奇的，新穎的 【真題例句】 Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels(n.)later, my experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality.[2001年閱讀5]

【例句精譯】 奇怪的是，大約兩年半的時(shí)間我寫完兩部小說后，我這個(gè)被美國人稱為“換低檔”的試驗(yàn)，卻使我老掉牙的借口變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)?！菊骖}例句】 60.When a novel(a.)literary idea appears, people should try to_____.[2000年閱讀3] [A] determine its purposes 【例句精譯】 60、當(dāng)出現(xiàn)新的藝術(shù)思潮時(shí)，人們應(yīng)該盡力_____。[A] 確定其目的 objective [Eb5dVektiv] n.目標(biāo)，目的；a.客觀的，真實(shí)的 【真題例句】 A unity of objectives(n.)that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each country.[2005年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 也就是說，既能達(dá)到我們共同的目的，又能兼顧不同國家各自的特色。【真題例句】

They provide a quick, objective(a.)method of getting some kinds of information about what a person learned , the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is.[1995年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化測(cè)試提供了快速、客觀地得到某些信息的方法。這些信息是有關(guān)一個(gè)人所學(xué)到的知識(shí)，他所獲得的技能，或者是他屬于哪一類型的人。oblige [E5blaidV] v.①強(qiáng)迫；②責(zé)成；③（使）感激，施恩于 【真題例句】 Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige(①)television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution.[2005年翻譯] 【例句精 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數(shù)學(xué)英語政治視頻課程

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譯】 另外，歐共體的融合性也會(huì)迫使電視傳媒集團(tuán)在節(jié)目的制作和流通中，與他人更進(jìn)一步地合作。【真題例句】(62)We are obliged(③)to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.[2004年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(62)我們之所以感激他們（兩位先驅(qū)），是因?yàn)樵诖酥螅@些（土著）語言中有一些已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在了，這是由于說這些語言的部族或是消亡了，或是被同化而喪失了自己的本族語言。opening [5EupniN] n.①口子，孔；②開始，開端；③空缺，機(jī)會(huì)；a.開始的，開幕的 【真題例句】 Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening(n.③).[2004年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 過了三個(gè)星期，他接到第一份有職位空缺的通知。【真題例句】 21.In the opening(a.)paragraph, the author introduces his topic by _____.[2005年閱讀1]

[C] making a comparison.【例句精譯】

21、在起始段，作者通過_____引入主題。[C] 進(jìn)行對(duì)比 outlet [5autlet] n.①出路，出口；②發(fā)泄方法，排遣；③經(jīng)銷店 【真題例句】 In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T?s violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet(②).[1997年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 1992年公司因出品冰特樂隊(duì)狂暴的說唱歌曲《警察殺手》而備受譴責(zé)時(shí)，列文把它描繪成是街頭文化的合法表達(dá)方式，說它應(yīng)該有自己的宣泄途徑?！菊骖}例句】 From car dealerships to Gap outlets(③), sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending.[2004年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 由于購物者節(jié)約他們的支出,從汽車代理商到Gap名牌零售折扣店,數(shù)月以來銷售一直滯緩。panel [5pAnl] n.①面，板；②控制板，儀表盤；③專門小組 【真題例句】 They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel(②)by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment.[2002年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 他們建造的機(jī)器人在嚴(yán)格控制的工廠環(huán)境里，能夠在儀表盤上識(shí)別毫米以下的誤差?！菊骖}例句】 The panel(③)then informally accepted several general conclusions, although some details have not been settled.[1999年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 隨后，該小組非正式地接受了幾條一般的結(jié)論，盡管有些細(xì)節(jié)尚無定論。partial [5pB:FEl] a.①部分的，不完全的；②偏袒的，不公平的 【真題例句】 In this search the evidence found is always incomplete and scattered, it is also frequently partial(①)or partisan.[1999年翻譯]

【例句精譯】 這樣的研究中所發(fā)現(xiàn)的證據(jù)總是不完整的，通常也會(huì)帶來片面性，還會(huì)出現(xiàn)幫派之爭(zhēng)?！菊骖}例句】 53.The author deems that the well-known TV personality is _____.[1995年閱讀1]

[D] obviously partial(②)in his views on advertising 【例句精譯】

53、作者認(rèn)為：那位著名的電視人物_____。

[D] 對(duì)廣告的評(píng)價(jià)有明顯的偏見 passage [5pAsidV] n.①段落，節(jié)；②通過，經(jīng)過；③通路，走廊 【真題例句】 The hot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage(②)of the plates.[1998年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 熱點(diǎn)及其火山痕跡是板塊移動(dòng)的標(biāo)志。pattern [5pAtEn] n.①模式，式樣；②圖案，圖樣；v.仿制，模仿 【真題例句】 And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns(n.①).[1997年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 當(dāng)然，會(huì)講一種語言并不意味著就理解該語言的社會(huì)和文化內(nèi)涵?！菊骖}例句】

Implicit within Tylor?s definition is the concept that culture is learned, shared, and patterned(v.)behavior.[2003年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 泰勒的文化定義蘊(yùn)含著這一概念，即文化是后天習(xí)得的，人類共有的，被模仿的行為。pepper [5pepE] n.①胡椒粉，胡椒；②辣椒；vt.連續(xù)投（發(fā)問等）【真題例句】 Although no such evidence was preserved, the casino?s marketing department continued to pepper 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數(shù)學(xué)英語政治視頻課程

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(vt.)him with mailings.And he entered the casino ad used his Fun Card without being detected.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 雖然并沒有證據(jù)，但是娛樂場(chǎng)的市場(chǎng)部門繼續(xù)向他提供郵件。他進(jìn)入娛樂場(chǎng)并使用他的卡片，并且沒有人發(fā)覺。perfect [5pE:fikt] a.①完善的，無瑕的；②完全的，十足的；v.使完美，改進(jìn) 【真題例句】 Such characteristics make them perfect(①)candidates for Dr.Brosnan?s and Dr.de Waal?s study.[2005年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 因?yàn)檫@些特點(diǎn)，它們（猴子）成為了Brosnan和de Waal博士的最佳研究“侯選人”?！菊骖}例句】 However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible.[2001年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 然而，對(duì)地何時(shí)能夠進(jìn)行超光速旅行，何時(shí)人類克隆技術(shù)能夠完善，何時(shí)時(shí)間旅行成為可能，仍未作出預(yù)測(cè)。perspective [pE5spektiv] n.①視角；②透視法；③（in ～）正確地 【真題例句】(63)The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective(①)brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.[2003年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(63)強(qiáng)調(diào)收集第一手資料，加上在分析過去和現(xiàn)在文化形態(tài)時(shí)采用跨文化視角，使得這一研究成為一門獨(dú)特并且非常重要的社會(huì)科學(xué)?！菊骖}例句】 Not everyone sees that process in(28：perspective)(③).It is important to do so.[2002年完形] 【例句精譯】 并不是所有人都能正確看待這一進(jìn)程，雖然了解這一點(diǎn)非常重要。reason [5ri:zn] n.①理由，原因；②理性，理智；v.①推論，推理；②說服，評(píng)理；③討論，辯論 【真題例句】 That?s one reason(n.①)why the idea of a national list hasn?t gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast.[2005年新題型] 【例句精譯】 這就是為什么全國性藥品名錄還未出臺(tái)的原因，也是藥品價(jià)格居高不下的原因。【真題例句】 And so it does — and all would be well were reason(n.②)the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.[1996年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 的確如此——如果理性是創(chuàng)世紀(jì)論和進(jìn)化論之爭(zhēng)的惟一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，一切問題也就迎刃而解了?！菊骖}例句】 He reasoned(v.①)that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another.[2004年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 他歸因到：因?yàn)槿藗兒苋菀子媚骋惶囟ǖ恼Z言形成一些不容混淆的概念，語言的使用者往往會(huì)沿著同一條軌跡思考問題。review [ri5vju:] v.回顧，復(fù)習(xí)；n.①回顧，復(fù)習(xí)；②評(píng)論 【真題例句】 Practice(or review)(n.①)tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material.[1995年閱讀 ] n.火箭；v.劇增 【真題例句】 The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed(v.)and ticket prices have stayed low.[2006年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 原因當(dāng)然是雖然成本急劇上升，但票價(jià)仍維持在低水平。school [sku:l] n.①學(xué)校；②（大學(xué)里的）學(xué)院，系；③學(xué)派，流派 【真題例句】 It should be observed, of course, that no school(①), vocational or not, is helped by a confusion over its purpose.[1999年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 當(dāng)然應(yīng)該看到的是，不管是職業(yè)學(xué)校、還是普通學(xué)校，混淆計(jì)算機(jī)教學(xué)的目的，都不會(huì)受益?！菊骖}例句】 And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School(②)believes that people will look back on this period as “a golden age of business management in the United States.”[2000年閱讀1] 【例句精譯】 哈佛商學(xué)院的威廉?薩爾曼相信人們將來回顧這一時(shí)期時(shí)，會(huì)把它視為“美國企業(yè)管理的黃金時(shí)代”?！菊骖}例句】 According to the new school(③)of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge.[1994年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 新學(xué)派科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，在拓展科學(xué)知識(shí)的范圍方面技術(shù)是被忽視的力量。score [skC:] n.①得分，分?jǐn)?shù)；②二十；v.得（分），記（……的）分?jǐn)?shù) 【真題例句】 Anyone who keeps careful score(n.①)knows that the information available is 13 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數(shù)學(xué)英語政治視頻課程

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always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error.Standardized tests should be considered in this context.[1995年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 任何仔細(xì)記分的人都知道，所得到的信息總是不完全的，而且，這些預(yù)測(cè)總是會(huì)有錯(cuò)誤的。應(yīng)該根據(jù)這種觀點(diǎn)去考察標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試。【真題例句】 Innovation is like soccer;even the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score(v.).[1994年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 創(chuàng)新就像踢足球，即使是最出色的球員也會(huì)痛失進(jìn)球機(jī)會(huì)，其射門被擋出的機(jī)會(huì)大大多于進(jìn)球的機(jī)會(huì)。select [si5lekt] v.選擇，挑選；a.精選的，第一流的 【真題例句】 It does not push or pull, it selects(v.), and this function is difficult to discover and analyze.[2002年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 環(huán)境并不具備推動(dòng)或拉動(dòng)的作用；它具有選擇的作用，而這一作用難以發(fā)現(xiàn)也很難對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析?！菊骖}例句】 In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select(a.)committee, Lord Irvine said he(37：agreed)with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not(38：offer)sufficient control.[2001年完形] 【例句精譯】 在寫給眾議院新聞媒體特別委員會(huì)Gerald Kaufman主席的信中，Irvine勛爵說，他贊同委員會(huì)今年的報(bào)告，該報(bào)告稱，對(duì)自我約束并未予以足夠的監(jiān)控。shape [Feip] n.①形狀，外形；②情況，狀態(tài)；③種類；v.成型，塑造 【真題例句】(63)The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping(v.)and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.[2002年翻譯] 【例句精譯】(63)自然選擇在進(jìn)化中的作用僅在一百多年前才得以闡明，而環(huán)境在塑造和保持個(gè)體行為時(shí)的選擇作用則剛剛開始被認(rèn)識(shí)和研究。sound [saund] n.聲音，聲響；v.①發(fā)聲，響；②聽起來；a.①健全的，完好的；②正當(dāng)?shù)?，有根?jù)的；③徹底的，充分的 【真題例句】 Instead of describing sounds(n.)we must make up words that imitate them;we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.[2000年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 我們必須造出詞語去模仿聲音，而不應(yīng)對(duì)其進(jìn)行描述；我們必須在同一張紙上使用不同型號(hào)和不同顏色的墨水，任 5] 【例句精譯】 實(shí)踐（或稱復(fù)習(xí)）就是建立并保持對(duì)某一任務(wù)或所學(xué)材料的記憶?！菊骖}例句】 However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be(27：wise)to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,(28：for example), publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews(n.②),(29：displaying)student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.[2003年完形] 【例句精譯】 然而，青少年的生活已經(jīng)充滿競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，所以為他們安排贏家多于輸家的各種活動(dòng)是明智的。例如，出版由學(xué)生自己編寫書評(píng)的新聞小冊(cè)子，展出學(xué)生的藝術(shù)品和贊助成立讀書俱樂部等等。

spell [spel] v.①拼寫；②導(dǎo)致，招致；n.一段時(shí)間 【真題例句】 But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing,” has spelt(v.②)the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music.[2005年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 然而，“做我們自己的事”——這一對(duì)事物真實(shí)性和個(gè)性的崇拜信條，已經(jīng)給正式的演講、寫作、詩歌和音樂畫上了句號(hào)?！菊骖}例句】 Despite a spell(n.)of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.[2002年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 雖然一開始在20世紀(jì)60年代和70年代有過一段樂觀的時(shí)期——那時(shí)候仿佛晶體管電路和微處理器的發(fā)展將使它們?cè)?010年能夠模仿人類大腦的活動(dòng)——但是最近研究人員已經(jīng)開始將這個(gè)預(yù)測(cè)延后數(shù)十年，甚至數(shù)百年。stor(e)y [5stC:ri] n.①描述；②故事；③報(bào)道；④謊話；⑤樓層 【真題例句】 If one wanted to 14 該套資料由蕓蕓視頻整理 QQ：747883097 TL：028 8194 2202 期待廣大考生咨詢 推薦：09年新東方考研數(shù)學(xué)英語政治視頻課程

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become a computer engineer, that is, of course, an entirely different story(②).[1999年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 當(dāng)然如果想成為一名計(jì)算機(jī)工程師，事情就完全不同了?！菊骖}例句】 In other words, there is a conventional story(③)line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.[2001年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 換言之，在媒介機(jī)構(gòu)的新聞采編室文化中存在著一套約定俗成的寫作模式，為紛繁復(fù)雜的新聞報(bào)道提供了一個(gè)中心思路和現(xiàn)成的故事編寫框架。stress [stres] n.①壓力，應(yīng)力；②重音；v.強(qiáng)調(diào)，著重 【真題例句】 We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress(n.①).[2000年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 如果我們想詮釋現(xiàn)代生活的壓力，就必須加快文學(xué)發(fā)展的步伐。【真題例句】 While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress(v.)test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression.[2000年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 雖然日本的教育因強(qiáng)調(diào)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)而經(jīng)常受到外國人的贊揚(yáng)，但是它往往強(qiáng)調(diào)考試和機(jī)械學(xué)習(xí)，而不重視創(chuàng)造性和自我表現(xiàn)。suit [sju:t] v.①合適，適合；②相配，適應(yīng)；n.①一套西服；②訴訟 【真題例句】 The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited(①)for expressing joy.[2006年閱讀4] 【例句精譯】 最早的藝術(shù)形式，如繪畫和音樂，是最適于表達(dá)快樂的?！菊骖}例句】 David Williamds?s suit(①)should trouble this gambling nation.But don?t bet on it.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 大衛(wèi)威廉姆斯的起訴或許會(huì)在這個(gè)賭博民族中引發(fā)一些問題，但是也并不能確信?！菊骖}例句】 Nevertheless Williams?s suit(②)charged that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling” intentionally worked to “l(fā)ure” him to “engage in conduct against his will” well.[2006年新題型] 【例句精譯】 然而威廉姆斯還是控告娛樂場(chǎng)，明知道他“不可救藥地賭博上癮”還故意“誘惑”他“違背他自己的意愿參加賭博”。target [5tB:git] n.目標(biāo)，對(duì)象，靶子；vt.以……為目標(biāo) 【真題例句】 That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target(n.)species is about 50% of its original levels.[2006年閱讀3] 【例句精譯】 這十分重要，因?yàn)槔碚摫砻髟谀繕?biāo)魚類單位數(shù)量是原始水平的大約50%的時(shí)候，才能保證漁場(chǎng)可收獲的最大可持 意縮短或加長詞語?！菊骖}例句】 It sounds(v.②)like a useful, ground-clearing way to start.[1997年翻譯] 【例句精譯】 這聽起來像是一個(gè)有效的明顯開始做事的方式?！菊骖}例句】 If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound(a.①).[2005年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 假如我們要保護(hù)我們的大氣層，關(guān)鍵一點(diǎn)是：新建的電廠必須是環(huán)保安全型的。spectacle [5spektEkl] n.①[pl.]眼鏡；②場(chǎng)面，景觀；③奇觀，壯觀 【真題例句】 Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles(②), which now more than ever seem in ample supply:...[2000年閱讀5] 【例句精譯】 相反我們目睹了比以前任何時(shí)候都多的虛偽景觀； 續(xù)產(chǎn)出量?！菊骖}例句】 In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to “push” information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted(vt.)customers.[1999年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 然而，在去年，軟件公司開發(fā)出新的技術(shù)使得商家可以把產(chǎn)品信息推到消費(fèi)者的計(jì)算機(jī)屏幕上。thumb [WQm] n.拇指；v.（～ through）翻閱 【真題例句】 It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb(v.)through their phone directories.Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zo? Zysman.[2004年閱讀2] 【例句精譯】 人們?cè)缫阎涝诳蛻舴殡娫挷緯r(shí)，名叫AAAA的出租汽車公司要比Zodiac出租汽車公司有很大的優(yōu)越性。至于在生活方面Adam Abbott較之Zo? Zysman的優(yōu)越性就不那么為人所知了。