第一篇:2018八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法《形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)》
形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)
一、比較級(jí)的定義:大多數(shù)的形容詞都有三個(gè)級(jí)別:原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)。其中比較級(jí)表示“更……”,用于兩者之間的比較,用來(lái)說(shuō)明“前者比后者更……”,比較級(jí)前面一般用much, even, a little修飾,其中even, much 只能修飾比較級(jí)。
二、比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成:(1)規(guī)則變化:
①單音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)的形容詞一般在詞尾加-er Eg: calm---calmer tall---taller smart---smarter ②以字母e結(jié)尾的直接在詞尾加-rEg: nice---nicer fine---finer large---larger ③以“輔音+y 結(jié)尾的詞,變y為 i,再加-er”Eg: early---earlier happy---happier busy---busier ④以重讀閉音節(jié)的單個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞,雙寫(xiě)輔音字母,再加-erEg: big---bigger thin---thinner hot---hotter ⑤多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)的形容詞在原級(jí)前面加moreEg: popular---more popular important---more important(2)不規(guī)則變化:少數(shù)形容詞的比較級(jí)變化是不規(guī)則的:
good→better→best well→better→bestbad→worse→worstill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest
三、比較級(jí)的用法:
(一)當(dāng)兩個(gè)人或事物(A和B)進(jìn)行比較時(shí),我們需要用到形容詞(副詞)的原級(jí)或者比較級(jí)
1.表達(dá)“A和B一樣”,用as…as的結(jié)構(gòu)。
公式: A+be動(dòng)詞+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as…+B;A+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+as+副詞原級(jí)+as…+B
Eg:I am as tall as you.我和你一樣高。He runs as fast as I.他跑得和我一樣快。
2.表達(dá)“A不如B”用not as…as的結(jié)構(gòu)。
公式: A+be動(dòng)詞的否定形式+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as…+B;A+助詞的否定形式+動(dòng)詞+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as…+B Eg:I am not as tall as you.我沒(méi)有你高。He doesn’t run as fast as I.他沒(méi)有我跑得快。3.表達(dá)“A大于B”用“比較級(jí)+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)。
公式: A+be動(dòng)詞+形容詞比較級(jí)+than+B…;
A+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+副詞比較級(jí)+than+B… Eg:I am taller than you.我比你高。He runs faster than I.他跑得比我快。
(二)關(guān)于形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)的更多用法
1.比較級(jí)前面可以加上表示“優(yōu)劣程度”的詞或短語(yǔ),是“更…”,“…得…”。常見(jiàn)much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal等。
Eg:He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。想一想,這些詞能修飾形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)嗎?
2.比較級(jí)前面可以加上表示具體數(shù)量差別的結(jié)構(gòu),表示具體“大多少”,“小多少”,“長(zhǎng)多少”,“短多少”等。Eg:I am two years older than he.我比他大兩歲。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.3.“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越……”。
It is getting warmer and warmer.天氣越來(lái)越暖和。He is running faster and faster.他跑得越來(lái)越快。
0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful.我們祖國(guó)越來(lái)越美了。
4.“the more…,the more…”表示“越……,就越……”,The more,the better.多多益善。
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越細(xì)心,犯錯(cuò)就越少。
5.“the more…of the two…”表示“兩個(gè)當(dāng)中較。。的一個(gè)”
The taller of the two boys is my brother.四、當(dāng)三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí),我們需要用到形容詞(副詞)的最高級(jí)
1.表達(dá)“…是…中最…的”,用“the+形容詞(副詞)的最高級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)。后面可以加上表示范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)或從句。
公式:主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+the +形容詞最高級(jí)+(名詞)+表示范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)或從句
主語(yǔ)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+(the)+形容詞最高級(jí)+表示范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)或從句
Eg:He is the tallest(student)in our class.He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.2.表示“最…的…中一個(gè)”,用“one of +the +最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)。
Eg:He is one of the best students in our class.他是我們班最好的學(xué)生之一。
This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.這是花園里最漂亮的花之。
注意:(一)形容詞的最高級(jí)前面有定冠詞the , 而副詞的最高級(jí)前面定冠詞the可以省略。但在形容詞最高級(jí)前有物 1
主代詞時(shí),不能要定冠詞the.(二)常見(jiàn)的用來(lái)表示范圍的介詞有in, of, among
五、運(yùn)用形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的問(wèn)題:
(一)、按語(yǔ)法規(guī)則,than后面的人稱(chēng)代詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用主格,但口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中有時(shí)會(huì)用賓格代替主格。
Eg:He is more careful than I(me).(二)、只有同類(lèi)的事物才能比較
Eg:Her bag is bigger than mine.不能說(shuō) Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.不能說(shuō)The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang.注意:
(1)形容詞最高級(jí)前通常必須用定冠詞 the,副詞最高級(jí)前可不用。例句: The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.(2)形容詞most前面沒(méi)有the,不表示最高級(jí)的含義,只表示“非?!薄?/p>
It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.二、形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法
1.“A + be +形容詞比較級(jí) + than + B” 意思為“A比B更……”。
如:This tree is taller than that one.這棵樹(shù)比那棵樹(shù)高。
注意: ① 在含有連詞than的比較級(jí)中,前后的比較對(duì)象必須是同一范疇,即同類(lèi)事物之間的比較。
②be+...year(s)older than
I am two years older than him
2.“比較級(jí) + and + 比較級(jí)”或“more and more +原級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越……”
如:It is getting warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天來(lái)了,天氣變得越來(lái)越暖和了。
The wind becomes heavier and heavier.風(fēng)變得越來(lái)越大。
Our town is becoming more and more beautiful.我們的學(xué)校變得越來(lái)越美麗。
3.在含有or的選擇疑問(wèn)句中,如果有兩者供選擇,前面的形容詞要用比較級(jí)形式。
如:Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 誰(shuí)更高,Tim還是Tom? 4.“the +比較級(jí)……, the+比較級(jí)”,表示“越……越……”。
The more money you make, the more you spend.錢(qián)你賺得越多,花得越多。
The sooner,the better.越快越好。
5.表示倍數(shù)的比較級(jí)用法: ①.A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.如:The new building is three times the height of the old one.這座新樓比那座舊樓高三倍。(新樓是舊樓的四倍高)②.A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如:Asia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。(亞洲比歐洲大三倍)③.A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如:Our school is twice bigger than yours.我們學(xué)校比你們學(xué)校大兩倍。
6.形容詞、副詞的最高級(jí)形式主要用來(lái)表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比較,表示“最……”的意思。
句子中有表示范圍的詞或短語(yǔ)。如:of the three, in our class等等。
如:Of the three, he is the most hard-working.He is the tallest in our class.7.“否定詞語(yǔ)+比較級(jí)”,“否定詞語(yǔ)+ so… as”結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級(jí)含義。
Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.8.比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換: 比較級(jí)+than+any other+單數(shù)名詞
Mike is the tallest in his class.Mike istallerthan any other student in his class 7.修飾比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的詞
1)可修飾比較級(jí)的詞a bit, a little, much, a lot, even 注意: 使用最高級(jí)要注意將主語(yǔ)包括在比較范圍內(nèi)。
(錯(cuò))Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.(對(duì))Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2)下列詞可修飾最高級(jí):by far(非常,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò),遠(yuǎn)比), far, much, mostly, almost。
This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.注意: a.very可修飾最高級(jí),用于形容詞最高級(jí)前,以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣(完全地,真正地)This is the very best.b.序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級(jí)。Africa is the second largest continent.8.要避免重復(fù)使用比較級(jí)。
(錯(cuò))He is more cleverer than his brother.(對(duì))He is more clever than his brother.(對(duì))He is cleverer than his brothe
9.要避免將主語(yǔ)含在比較對(duì)象中。
(錯(cuò))China is larger that any country in Asia.(對(duì))China is larger than any other country in Asia.10.要注意對(duì)應(yīng)句型,遵循前后一致的原則。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.11.要注意冠詞的使用,后有名詞的時(shí)候,前面才有可能有名詞。
比較:Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
She is taller than her two sisters.She is the taller of the two sisters.形容詞副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)專(zhuān)練
用所給詞的正確形式填空:
1.He ran __________ than all the others.He ran ___________ of all.(fast)2.James played as __________ as you.Mary played ___________of all.(well)3.She waited ____________ than she usually did.(long)4.I walked ___________ than the rest.I walked ___________ of all.(far)5.My friend came ____________ than Pual and Mike.(late)6.Among the three boys he works ____________.(hard)7.Bob left school __________ in his class yesterday.(late)8.He swims as __________ as I do.(badly)9.Who did ___________ in the 100-metre race, Jim or Tim?(badly)10.Both Li Ming and Li Hong sang __________, but I sang ___________ of all.(badly)11.Peter is as ___________ as Tom.Benny is _________ than Tom.David is __________ of all.(fat)12.Li Li found _____________ mushrooms than I did.(many)13.The elephant is ____________ than any other animals.(big)14.Man is ____________ than animals.(much clever)15.Lesson Two is a bit ____________ than Lesson One.(easy)16.I’m ___________ boy under the sun.(happy)17.Today is ____________ than yesterday.(hot)18.An elephant is ___________ than a tiger.It is ___________ animal on land.(big)19.Mr.Li is ___________ than your uncle.(thin)20.Which book is _____________, yours or mine?(thick)21.This park is much ___________ than that one.(beautiful)22.The first book is more useful than the second one.3
The second book is __________ than the first one.(useful)23.Allan is ___________ of the three boys.(strong)24.His marks are ___________ than his friend’s(bad)
25.It is ___________ to do this maths problem than to do that one.(easy)26.My house is ____________ to the farm than yours.(far)27.My work is more important than yours.Your work is ____________ than mine.(important)28.Climbing this hill is _____________.Climbing that hill is ____________.Climbing Mt.Everest is ___________ of all.(dangerous)29.Mt.Everest is _________ than the Mont-Blanc.(high)30.My mother drives very carefully.She is a _________ driver than my father.(careful).31.Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______(clever).32.Gold(黃金)is __________(little)useful than iron(鐵).33.My sister is two years ___________(old)than I.34.John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _________(young)child.35.The _________(cheap)bags are the not usually the best ones.36.The short one is by far ___________ expensive of the five.37.The boy is not so __________(interesting)as his brother.38.Dick sings _________(well), she sings ________(well)than John, but Mary sings_______(well)in her class.39.She will be much __________(happy)in her mew house.40.This dress is __________ that.(twice, as…as…, expensive)
基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練寫(xiě)出下列單詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)級(jí)
1.形容詞或副詞比較級(jí)直接加er或r,最高級(jí)直接加est或st
原形
比較級(jí)
最高級(jí)
原形
比較級(jí)
最高級(jí) Oldyoung light
tallhort
long
fast
slow
high
low
nice
late
wide
large
blue
cold clever
2.形容詞比較級(jí)雙寫(xiě)末尾加er,最高級(jí)雙寫(xiě)末尾加est big
hot
fat
thin
red
wet
sad
3.形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)是輔音字母+y的, 比較級(jí)變y為i再加er,最高級(jí)變y為i再加est heavy
busy
happy
early
dry
noisy
lucky
easy
4.形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是完全不規(guī)則形式 good/ well
bad / ill
many / much
few
little far
5.單詞為多音節(jié)詞,比較級(jí)用more, 最高級(jí)用most構(gòu)成。beautiful
popular
carefully
wonderful
colourful
interesting
dangerous
important clever
quietly
difficult
delicious
第二篇:八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法《形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)》知識(shí)點(diǎn)
形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)
一、比較級(jí)的定義:大多數(shù)的形容詞都有三個(gè)級(jí)別:原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)。其中比較級(jí)表示“更……”,用于兩者之間的比較,用來(lái)說(shuō)明“前者比后者更……”,比較級(jí)前面一般用much, even, a little修飾,其中even, much 只能修飾比較級(jí)。
二、比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成:
(1)規(guī)則變化:
①單音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)的形容詞一般在詞尾加-er
Eg: calm---calmer tall---taller smart---smarter
②以字母e結(jié)尾的直接在詞尾加-r
Eg: nice---nicer fine---finer large---larger
③以“輔音+y 結(jié)尾的詞,變y為 i,再加-er”
Eg: early---earlier happy---happier busy---busier
④以重讀閉音節(jié)的單個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞,雙寫(xiě)輔音字母,再加-er
Eg: big---bigger thin---thinner hot---hotter
⑤多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)的形容詞在原級(jí)前面加more
Eg: popular---more popular important---more important
(2)不規(guī)則變化:
少數(shù)形容詞的比較級(jí)變化是不規(guī)則的:good---better bad/ill---worse many/much---more little---less far---farther/further old---older/elder
三、比較級(jí)的用法:
(一)當(dāng)兩個(gè)人或事物(A和B)進(jìn)行比較時(shí),我們需要用到形容詞(副詞)的原級(jí)或者比較級(jí)
1.表達(dá)“A和B一樣”,用as…as的結(jié)構(gòu)。
公式: A+be動(dòng)詞+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as…+B
A+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+as+副詞原級(jí)+as…+B
Eg:I am as tall as you.我和你一樣高。
He runs as fast as I.他跑得和我一樣快。
2.表達(dá)“A不如B”用not as…as的結(jié)構(gòu)。
公式: A+be動(dòng)詞的否定形式+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as…+B
A+助詞的否定形式+動(dòng)詞+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as…+B
Eg:I am not as tall as you.我沒(méi)有你高。
He doesn’t run as fast as I.他沒(méi)有我跑得快。
3.表達(dá)“A大于B”用“比較級(jí)+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)。
公式: A+be動(dòng)詞+形容詞比較級(jí)+than+B…
A+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+副詞比較級(jí)+than+B…
Eg:I am taller than you.我比你高。
He runs faster than I.他跑得比我快。
(二)關(guān)于形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)的更多用法
1.比較級(jí)前面可以加上表示“優(yōu)劣程度”的詞或短語(yǔ),意思是“更…”,“…得…”。常見(jiàn)詞有much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal等。
Eg:He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。
I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。
想一想,這些詞能修飾形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)嗎?
2.比較級(jí)前面可以加上表示具體數(shù)量差別的結(jié)構(gòu),表示具體“大多少”,“小多少”,“長(zhǎng)多少”,“短多少”等。
Eg:I am two years older than he.我比他大兩歲。
This building is 20 meters higher than that one.3.“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越……”。
It is getting warmer and warmer.天氣越來(lái)越暖和。
He is running faster and faster.他跑得越來(lái)越快。
0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful.我們祖國(guó)越來(lái)越美了。
4.“the more…,the more…”表示“越……,就越……”,The more,the better.多多益善。
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越細(xì)心,犯錯(cuò)就越少。
5.“the more…of the two…”表示“兩個(gè)當(dāng)中較。。的一個(gè)”
The taller of the two boys is my brother.四、當(dāng)三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí),我們需要用到形容詞(副詞)的最高級(jí)
1.表達(dá)“…是…中最…的”,用“the+形容詞(副詞)的最高級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)。后面可以加上表示范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)或從句。
公式:主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+the +形容詞最高級(jí)+(名詞)+表示范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)或從句
主語(yǔ)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+(the)+形容詞最高級(jí)+表示范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)或從句
Eg:He is the tallest(student)in our class.He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.2.表示“最…的…中一個(gè)”,用“one of +the +最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)。
Eg:He is one of the best students in our class.他是我們班最好的學(xué)生之一。
This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.這是花園里最漂亮的
花之。
注意:(一)形容詞的最高級(jí)前面有定冠詞the , 而副詞的最高級(jí)前面定冠詞the可以省略。但在形容詞最高級(jí)前有物主代詞時(shí),不能要定冠詞the.(二)常見(jiàn)的用來(lái)表示范圍的介詞有in, of, among
五、運(yùn)用形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的問(wèn)題:
(一)、按語(yǔ)法規(guī)則,than后面的人稱(chēng)代詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用主格,但口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中有時(shí)會(huì)用賓格代替主格。
Eg:He is more careful than I(me).(二)、只有同類(lèi)的事物才能比較
Eg:Her bag is bigger than mine.不能說(shuō) Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.不能說(shuō)The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang.本文由
索羅學(xué)院
整理
第三篇:中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)
初二比較級(jí)用法(人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)教案教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì))
中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)資源網(wǎng) → 英語(yǔ)教案 → 初二比較級(jí)用法(人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)教案教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì))2011-08-11
形容詞、副詞 “級(jí)別”口訣
I.變比較級(jí)形式前有甲、后有乙中間來(lái)個(gè)比較級(jí)。比較級(jí)前用個(gè)be,比較級(jí)后用個(gè)“比”(than)
原級(jí)變成比較級(jí),er結(jié)尾要牢記;一般情況直接加,單輔重閉雙寫(xiě)加;輔音加y變i加,以e數(shù)部分雙音節(jié),規(guī)則如同單音詞。其余雙音多音節(jié),詞前加more就可以;不規(guī)則詞沒(méi)幾個(gè),它們 II.變最高級(jí)形式
最高級(jí),也容易,原級(jí)后面加est,規(guī)則類(lèi)同比較級(jí),提醒一點(diǎn)便可以;
其余雙音、多音節(jié),前加most牢牢記。
還有一點(diǎn)要留意,最高級(jí)前要用the;
若是副詞最高級(jí),用不用the皆可以。
III.變不規(guī)則形式
合二為一有三對(duì),“病壞”“兩多”與“兩好”,①
一分為二有兩個(gè),一個(gè)“遠(yuǎn)”來(lái)一個(gè)“老”。②
還有一個(gè)雙含義,只記“少”來(lái)別記“小”。③
注:
①ill/ bad→worse→worst;many/ much→more→most;good/well→better→best
②far→farther/further→farthest/furthest;old/older/elder→oldest/ eldest
③little→less→least
形容詞比較等級(jí)
形容詞最高級(jí)前不加the的情況
在句中使用形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí),一般要加定冠詞the.但以下幾種情況,最高級(jí)之前不加定冠詞。冠詞。例如:
He is a most careful student in our class.他是我們班上一個(gè)非常細(xì)心的學(xué)生。
She is in closest touch with us.她和我們保持非常密切的聯(lián)系。
一、如果形容詞最高級(jí)用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,表示“非常、極其”的意思時(shí),前面一般不用定冠詞,但
二、作表語(yǔ)的形容詞最高級(jí),只用來(lái)同本身比較,實(shí)際上并無(wú)比較范圍,此時(shí)前面不用定冠詞
I'm busiest on Monday.我在星期一最忙。
It's best to do so.這樣做最好。
The lake is deepest at this place.湖的這個(gè)地方最深。
三、如果形容詞最高級(jí)用在由that, thought, as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,前面不用定冠詞。
Youngest though he is, he is the wisest.雖然他最年輕,但他最聰明。
Cleverest thought he is, he doesn't study hard.雖然他最聰明,但他不認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)。
四、在at(the)least至少,at(the)latest最近,at(the)farthest最遠(yuǎn),at(the)worst最壞等短語(yǔ)中,詞最高級(jí)前的the??墒∪?。例如:
They will come back on June 1 at(the)latest.他們最遲將在六月一日回來(lái)。
由關(guān)鍵詞判斷該用哪種等級(jí)
一、用原級(jí)時(shí)的關(guān)鍵詞
沒(méi)有比較對(duì)象時(shí)就用原級(jí)。關(guān)鍵詞一般為表程度的副詞,像so, very, too等等。如: The box is very big.這只箱子很大。
二、用比較級(jí)時(shí)的關(guān)鍵詞
兩個(gè)人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)需要用比較級(jí),但所比較的須的是同一類(lèi)人或事物。用比較級(jí)時(shí)的關(guān)較級(jí)前可以有much, a little, a lot, even(甚至)于等修飾語(yǔ)。如:
This book is much better than that one.這本書(shū)比那本好得多。
She is a little shorter than I.她比我矮一點(diǎn)。
三、用最高級(jí)時(shí)的關(guān)鍵詞
表示比較范圍。注意形容詞的最高級(jí)前通常加the.如:
She is the youngest in her class.在她班里她年齡最小。
三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物進(jìn)行比較時(shí),則用最高級(jí)。用最高級(jí)時(shí)的關(guān)鍵詞通常為in或of所構(gòu)
I'm the tallest of the three.三人之中我個(gè)子最高。
四、特殊情況 加the.如:
He is the older of the two.兩個(gè)人中他的年齡較大。
2.即使句子中有in所構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ),如果有than,仍用比較級(jí)。如:
She is taller than any other girl in the class.她在班里比其她任何一個(gè)女孩個(gè)子都高。
數(shù)量的比較
1.由介詞of所構(gòu)成的表示比較范圍的短語(yǔ)中,如果有two或two加名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),則用比較級(jí)
在比較級(jí)中,我們?nèi)舯容^兩者間數(shù)量的多少,可用 “more…than…”,表示“比……多”,more可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
Rose has more pens than I(do).(注:此處若后有do則than后只能用I,若沒(méi)有do則than后還可用me.)成fewer than.數(shù)名詞。用“fewer…than”表示“比……少”,fewer修飾可數(shù)名詞,“l(fā)ess(little的比較級(jí))…than”表示“
作為短語(yǔ),常說(shuō)”less than a week“(不到一周)”less than three hours“(不到三小時(shí))。此處的三者或三者以上的人或事物中進(jìn)行比較,要用最高級(jí),many和much 的最高級(jí)是most, few t, little 的最高級(jí)是least.如:
Of the three boys, Tom has the most friends.三個(gè)孩子中,Tom的朋友最多。
Of all the students, I have the least money in my class.在班上所有學(xué)生中,我算是最沒(méi)有錢(qián)的。
前,則這個(gè)比較級(jí)已經(jīng)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞,因此該比較級(jí)也要用定冠詞the,如:
The shorter of the two boys is my brother.兩個(gè)孩子中較矮的那一個(gè)是我弟弟。
最后要注意的一點(diǎn)是,一定范圍內(nèi)的最高級(jí)和比較級(jí)可以換用,如:
Tom is the tallest boy in your class.Tom is taller than any other boy in our class.這兩句雖然表達(dá)方式不一樣,但含義仍一樣。
最高級(jí)前的定冠詞the不能被省略,比較前一般不用the, 但若形容詞比較級(jí)用于表示比較級(jí)范Elizabethmy的日記
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豆列 形容詞比較級(jí)(內(nèi)含9個(gè)活動(dòng))
2013-10-27 21:26:25 ? ? ? ? ? 形容詞比較級(jí)
5.1 看廣告
知識(shí)點(diǎn):理解文本中的形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 學(xué)生要求:主要為閱讀
材料:含有足夠多廣告的英文報(bào)紙或雜志;或者,一些剪下來(lái)的廣告 步驟:
1.給每個(gè)學(xué)生,或者一組學(xué)生一些廣告或者期刊,讓他們從中找出含有形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的例子。
2.在學(xué)生有理解困難的時(shí)候要幫助他們。
3.找到后讓學(xué)生用熒光筆劃下來(lái),或者寫(xiě)在本子上
變化:讓學(xué)生把找到的內(nèi)容大聲讀出來(lái),讓其他人猜這是什么產(chǎn)品的廣告。
5.2 制作廣告
知識(shí)點(diǎn):在廣告中應(yīng)用形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 學(xué)生要求:寫(xiě)作 步驟:
1.最好是在做完5.1的活動(dòng)之后,讓學(xué)生們用上形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)為一個(gè)產(chǎn)品寫(xiě)廣告詞(可以借鑒Box 8中的想法)。
2.學(xué)生必須把廣告詞整潔地卸載紙上,設(shè)計(jì)好布局還有說(shuō)明。最后,讓大家把制作好的廣告貼在墻上來(lái)裝飾教室。
3.這個(gè)活動(dòng)最好以小組的形式進(jìn)行。變化:
1.制作好的廣告可以讓大家讀給全班同學(xué)聽(tīng),或者讓他們模仿電視中的廣告演出來(lái)。2.可以把這個(gè)活動(dòng)變成比賽,哪個(gè)組做得廣告最好就是winner.Box 8
5.3 頭腦風(fēng)暴
知識(shí)點(diǎn):用形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí),還有as...as和not so...as 來(lái)比較東西 學(xué)生要求:基于套路的口頭頭腦風(fēng)暴 步驟:
1.給學(xué)生三個(gè)物體的名稱(chēng)(或者動(dòng)物,財(cái)產(chǎn),任何你喜歡的,如Box 9中所示)
2.讓學(xué)生盡可能多的找出這些事物之間可以對(duì)比的地方,比如你給的三個(gè)名詞是 a garden rake, a ball, a pencil, 那么對(duì)比可以是:
The pencil is smaller than the rake.The ball is the roundest.The pencil is more useful than the ball.3.在全班范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行過(guò)活動(dòng)后,再在小組里進(jìn)行。讓小組成員比賽,看誰(shuí)找出的對(duì)比點(diǎn)最多。鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生用自己所學(xué)的單詞,最好不要問(wèn)你。4.同樣的活動(dòng)可以用于作文或者家庭作業(yè)。
變化:如果學(xué)生間彼此都很熟悉,可以讓他們組成兩人小組,拿自己和對(duì)方
做比較。比如說(shuō):
I am taller than you are.You speak more languages than I do.過(guò)后可以讓每個(gè)小組把他們所有的對(duì)比句子寫(xiě)下來(lái)。
注意:這個(gè)活動(dòng)可以用來(lái)練習(xí)任何一種比較,當(dāng)然你也可以用它來(lái)練習(xí)某種特定的結(jié)構(gòu),比如讓學(xué)生練習(xí):帶-er than的比較級(jí)。
Box 9
5.4 對(duì)比圖片
知識(shí)點(diǎn):用形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí),還有as...as和not so...as 來(lái)比較東西 學(xué)生要求:基于套路的口頭頭腦風(fēng)暴 步驟:
1.讓學(xué)生對(duì)比2-3張圖片,這些圖片要在主題上有相同之處,如 Box 10中所示。也可以用課本上的圖片或者雜志上的。這種對(duì)比可能要比前面幾個(gè)活動(dòng)中的耗時(shí)更長(zhǎng),更復(fù)雜。比如:
The girl in Picture 1A is prettier than the girl in Picture 1B.or to the picture as a whole.Picture 1B is the darkest.2.活動(dòng)也可以在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)以小組比賽的形式進(jìn)行。
Box 10
Box 10 continued 2
Box 10 continued 3
5.5 圓圈比較
知識(shí)點(diǎn):用形容詞比較級(jí)比較事物
學(xué)生要求: 基于套路的口頭頭腦風(fēng)暴,隨之的書(shū)寫(xiě) 步驟:
1.給學(xué)生看排列成一個(gè)圓圈的幾個(gè)名詞,如下所示。
Box 5.5
2.這些名詞都跟一個(gè)常見(jiàn)的主題有關(guān)(Box 11中有更多的例子)。3.可以在黑板上或者投影儀上展示這些名詞。
4.然后讓學(xué)生說(shuō)出任意兩個(gè)名詞之間的對(duì)比點(diǎn),比如:
Ice cream is more fattening than yoghurt.5.用線將“ice cream”和“yoghurt”連接起來(lái)來(lái)展現(xiàn)這個(gè)對(duì)比,然后再讓另一個(gè)同
學(xué)找下一組,如此反復(fù)。
6.確保這些單詞學(xué)生都會(huì),不用問(wèn)你。
變化:
1.活動(dòng)之后你可以增加練習(xí),讓學(xué)生回憶連線所表示的句子。指著一條線,然后問(wèn)學(xué)生“ What was said when it was drawn in”,當(dāng)學(xué)生回答出來(lái)后,就把這條線擦掉,直到一條線也不剩。2.之后,可以給學(xué)生每人發(fā)一張印有這樣圓圈的練習(xí),讓他們獨(dú)自完成連線,然后在下面寫(xiě)出每條線所代表的句子。
Box 11
5.6 最高級(jí)圓圈
知識(shí)點(diǎn):使用形容詞最高級(jí)來(lái)區(qū)分一組線索詞 學(xué)生要求:口頭回答;選擇性的書(shū)面表達(dá) 步驟:
給學(xué)生展示如Box 11中那樣的一圈名詞,按照順序讓每個(gè)學(xué)生選一個(gè)單詞,然后讓他們找出該單詞與圈中其他單詞相比,能用最高級(jí)來(lái)表達(dá)的一個(gè)方面,比如:
Macaroni is the most fattening.Fish is the richest in protein.然后可以再給他們幾個(gè)名詞圓圈以供私下練習(xí),把句子寫(xiě)下來(lái)。
5.7 排名 知識(shí)點(diǎn):使用形容詞比較級(jí),as...as, not so...as給事物排名 學(xué)生要求:根據(jù)提示口頭或書(shū)面作答
材料:五六個(gè)相關(guān)鏈的名詞,還有另外四五個(gè)可以用來(lái)形容它們的形容詞。比如: 名詞是“圓圈比較”里面的食物名詞,那么形容詞就可以是fattening, sweet, healthy, cheap.名詞和形容詞以表格的形式給出,如Box 12所示??梢越o每個(gè)人發(fā)handout,也可以展示在黑板上或者投影儀上。步驟:
1.確保名詞和形容詞的意思學(xué)生都懂。
2.讓學(xué)生討論在每一個(gè)衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(那些形容詞)中,這些食物的排名順序是什么。比如,如果他們認(rèn)為macaroni是the most fattening, 那么就在表中macaroni的fattening處寫(xiě)上1。然后繼續(xù)討論哪個(gè)是the second fattening的,如此往下,直到表格填完。
變化:這個(gè)活動(dòng)適合小組活動(dòng)。每個(gè)小組都拿同樣一張表格,填完后互相對(duì)比,達(dá)到統(tǒng)一答案(這是不可能的,不過(guò)這個(gè)過(guò)程可以練習(xí)語(yǔ)言)。
Box 12
Box 12 continued
5.8 偏愛(ài)
知識(shí)點(diǎn): 使用形容詞比較級(jí),as...as, not so...as表達(dá)喜好 學(xué)生要求:用不同的形容詞口頭造句 步驟:
1.給學(xué)生展示一組2-3個(gè)相關(guān)鏈的單詞,這些單詞一定要能引起學(xué)生的喜愛(ài)或者憎惡的反應(yīng),如Box 13所示。
2.讓學(xué)生表達(dá)自己的喜惡,并且說(shuō)出理由。例如:
I prefer snakes to spiders because they are more colorful and graceful.I prefer a lake to a waterfall because it is quieter.3.活動(dòng)可以通過(guò)班級(jí)討論進(jìn)行,或者小組,個(gè)人寫(xiě)作的方式進(jìn)行。4.活動(dòng)目的是找出每組事物中全體學(xué)生喜歡人數(shù)最多的那一個(gè)。變化:
每個(gè)學(xué)生都選自己偏愛(ài)的那組單詞,然后挨個(gè)問(wèn)其他同學(xué)他們喜歡這組單詞中的哪個(gè)事物。通過(guò)這種方式,所有學(xué)生都能夠被同時(shí)調(diào)動(dòng)起來(lái),不是問(wèn)別人,就是回答別人。最后可以讓他們總結(jié)一下最受全班同學(xué)喜歡的是哪一個(gè),然后跟大家一起分項(xiàng)。注意:可以用課本上新學(xué)的單詞或者文學(xué)課上的小說(shuō)角色作為名詞組來(lái)練習(xí)。
Box 13
5.9 小測(cè)驗(yàn)
知識(shí)點(diǎn): 在問(wèn)題中使用形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 學(xué)生要求: 理解問(wèn)題,回答問(wèn)題,編問(wèn)題
材料: 基于比較的小測(cè)驗(yàn)問(wèn)題:What is the highest mountain in the world? Which is longer, the Amazon or the Nile? 更多形容詞比較級(jí)可以參考Box 14a,形容詞最高級(jí)可以參考Box 14b。使用的單詞要簡(jiǎn)單或者容易猜出來(lái)。步驟:
1.學(xué)生可以口頭或者書(shū)面作答,但是要用完整的句子:
Mountain Everest is the highest mountain in the world.2.然后讓他們自己編測(cè)驗(yàn)題,讓別人回答。
變化:給學(xué)生一個(gè)名字(Mount Everest,the Dead Sea,Queen Victoria),讓他們回答為什么這些事物是outstanding的。
Box 14a
Box 14b
中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)
形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)3)有幾個(gè)形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)屬于不規(guī)則變化。
原級(jí)
比較級(jí)
最高級(jí)
good/well 好的better
best
bad/ill 壞的 worse
worst
many/much 多的 more
most
little 少的 less
least
far 遠(yuǎn)的further
furthest
farther
farthest
old 老的older
oldest
elder
eldest 2.形容詞比較級(jí)的用法
1)形容詞的比較級(jí)可以單獨(dú)使用:
Be more careful next time.下次小心點(diǎn)。
It was quieter outside.外面安靜點(diǎn)了。
It couldn’t be easier.不能再容易了。
This car is more expensive.這輛車(chē)比較貴。
Who is taller? 誰(shuí)高一點(diǎn)?
Which book is better? 哪本書(shū)更好?
1.形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成
1)單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成2)多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在其前面加more或 most。如:
原級(jí)
比較級(jí)
useful
more useful
difficult
more difficult
delicious
more delicious
2)也可以和than連用,表示兩者相比,than后可以跟:
a.名詞或代詞(若為人稱(chēng)代詞,在口語(yǔ)中多用賓格):
He is older than me.他年齡比我大。
Tokyo is bigger than New York.東京比紐約大。
b.動(dòng)名詞:
最高級(jí) most useful most difficult most delicious
Skiing is more exciting than skating.滑雪比滑冰更刺激。
This is more interesting than sitting in an office.這比坐辦公室更有意思。
c.從句:
I was a better singer than he was.我唱歌比他好。
He is stronger than I expected.他比我預(yù)料的更健壯。
d.狀語(yǔ):
She felt worse than usual.她感到比平時(shí)更難受。
He is busier than ever.他比過(guò)去更忙了。
e.跟其它成分(如動(dòng)詞、形容詞等):
It’s better to be prepared than unprepared.有準(zhǔn)備比沒(méi)準(zhǔn)備好。
She was more surprised than angry.她吃驚甚于生氣。
He was more lucky than clever.他是運(yùn)氣好,而不是聰明。
形容詞比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)
1)形容詞比較級(jí)前可加much, a lot, a bit, a little, slightly之類(lèi)表示程度的狀語(yǔ):
He’s feeling a lot better today.他感到今天好多了。
She’s a little bit better now.她現(xiàn)在稍稍好點(diǎn)了。
It’s slightly warmer today.今天稍微暖和一點(diǎn)。
2)也可在比較級(jí)前any, no, some, even, still這類(lèi)詞:
Do you feel any better today? 你今天感覺(jué)好一點(diǎn)了嗎?
She was no older than Zilla.他并不比齊拉大。
This book is even more useful than that.這本書(shū)甚至比那本書(shū)更有用。
3)比較級(jí)前還可加其他表示數(shù)量的詞:
Shall I get a couple more chairs? 我要不要再搬兩把椅子來(lái)?
My sister is ten years younger than me.我妹妹比我小十歲。
You’re a head taller than Jane.你比簡(jiǎn)高一個(gè)頭。
4.形容詞比較級(jí)的特殊用法
和more有關(guān)的詞組
1)the more…the more… 越……就越……。例如:
The harder you work,the greater progress you'll make.越努力,進(jìn)步越大。
2)more B than A=less A than B
與其說(shuō)A不如說(shuō)B。例如:
He is more lazy than slow at his work.= He is less slow than lazy at his work.他工作時(shí),與其說(shuō)是反應(yīng)慢不如說(shuō)是懶。
3)no more… than… 與……一樣……,不比……多。例如:
The officials could see no more than the Emperor.官員們看到的和皇帝一樣多。
no less… than… 與……一樣……。例如:
He is no less diligent than you.他和你一樣勤勉。
4)more than 不只是,非常。例如:
She is more than kind to us all.她對(duì)我們非常熱心。
和less有關(guān)的詞組
5)less than 不到… 不太:
In less than a week, the MS was ready.不到一周稿子就準(zhǔn)備好了。
6)no less than 多達(dá)
不少于
He won no less than $5oo.他贏了不少于500美圓。
No less than 2 million people came.至少來(lái)了2百萬(wàn)人。
7)more or less 基本上
大體上
大約
The work is more or less finished.這項(xiàng)工作基本上完成了。
The answers were more or less right.這些回答大體上是正確的。
另外,還有as + 形容詞或副詞原級(jí) + as
8)在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中可用so… as。例如:
He cannot run so/as fast as you.他沒(méi)你跑得快。
9)當(dāng)as… as 中間有名詞時(shí)采用以下格式:as +形容詞+ a +單數(shù)名詞/ as + many/much +名詞。例如:
This is as good an example as the other is.這個(gè)例子和另外一個(gè)一樣好。
I can carry as much paper as you can.你能搬多少紙,我也能。
10)表示倍數(shù)的詞或其他程度副詞做修飾語(yǔ)時(shí),放在as的前面。例如:
This room is twice as big as that one.這房間的面積是那間的兩倍。
Your room is the same size as mine.你的房間和我的一樣大。
11)倍數(shù)+ as + adj.+ as <=> 倍數(shù)+ the … + of。例如:
This bridge is three times as long as that one.這座橋的長(zhǎng)度是那座的三倍。
This bridge is three times the length of that one.Your room is twice as large as mine.你的房間是我的兩倍大。
Your room is twice the size of mine.5.形容詞最高級(jí)用法
the + 最高級(jí) + 比較范圍
1)形容詞最高級(jí)前通常必須用定冠詞 the,例如:
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。
形容詞most前面沒(méi)有the,不表示最高級(jí)的含義,只表示”非常“。例如:
It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.這是個(gè)很重要的問(wèn)題。
注意:使用最高級(jí)要注意將主語(yǔ)包括在比較范圍內(nèi)。
(錯(cuò))Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.(對(duì))Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2)下列詞可修飾最高級(jí),by far, far, much, mostly, almost。例如:
This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.這帽子差不多是最大的了。
注意:
a.very可修飾最高級(jí),但位置與much不同。
This is the very best.This is much the best.b.序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級(jí)。例如:
Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。)最高級(jí)的意義有時(shí)可以用比較級(jí)表示出來(lái)。例如:
Mike is the most intelligent in his class.馬克是班上最聰明的。
Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.4)”否定詞語(yǔ)+比較級(jí)“,”否定詞語(yǔ)+ so… as"結(jié)構(gòu)也可以表示最高級(jí)含義。例如:
Nothing is so easy as this.沒(méi)比這更簡(jiǎn)單的了。
=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.
第四篇:英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法---形容詞及比較級(jí)
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法---形容詞,副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)
一、形容詞、副詞變比較級(jí)
1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est,例如,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest
2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st,例如,nice-nicer-nicest
3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞,把y變?yōu)閕,再加er或est,例如,heavy-heavier-heaviest
4.重讀閉音節(jié),末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母,再加er或est,例如,big-bigger-biggest
5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級(jí)前加more構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和most構(gòu)成最高級(jí),例如,slowly-more slowly-most slowly;beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
二、形容詞,副詞等級(jí)的用法
A、原級(jí)的用法
1.只能修飾原級(jí)的詞,very,quite,so,too
例如,He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。
My brother runs so fast that I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。
2.原級(jí)常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)
(1)“甲+be+(倍數(shù))+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍”
例如,Tom is as old as Kate.湯姆和凱特年齡一樣大。
“甲+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+(倍數(shù))+as+副詞原級(jí)+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍”
例如,Tom runs as fast as Mike.湯姆和邁克跑得一樣快。
(2)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容詞原級(jí)+as+乙”甲不如乙…
例如,This room is not as/so big as that one.這個(gè)房間不如那個(gè)大。
(3)“甲+助動(dòng)詞+not+動(dòng)詞原形+as/so+副詞原級(jí)+as+乙”甲不如乙…
例如,He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那樣慢。
B、比較級(jí)的用法
1.可以修飾比較級(jí)的詞,much,a lot,far,…的多a little,a bit,…一點(diǎn)兒
even甚至,still仍然
例如,Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一課比第二課容易得多。
2.比較級(jí)常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)
(1)“甲+be+(倍數(shù))+形容詞比較級(jí)+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”
例如,Tom is taller than Kate.湯姆比凱特高。
(2)“甲+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+(倍數(shù))+副詞比較級(jí)+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”
例如,I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我媽媽還早。
(3)“甲+be+形容詞比較級(jí)+than+any other+單數(shù)名詞(+介詞短語(yǔ))”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個(gè)人/物都……”,含義是“甲最……”。
例如,The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.長(zhǎng)江比中國(guó)的任何一條其他的河都長(zhǎng)。
=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.長(zhǎng)江比中國(guó)的其它所有的河都長(zhǎng)。
=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.長(zhǎng)江是中國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河流。
注意:The Yangtze River is longer than any river in Japan.長(zhǎng)江比日本的任何一條河都長(zhǎng)。
(4)“甲+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+副詞比較級(jí)+than+anyother+單數(shù)名詞(+介詞短語(yǔ))”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個(gè)人/物都……”,含義是“甲最……”。
例如,Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.= Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.邁克比他們班上任何一個(gè)其他的同學(xué)到校都早。
= Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.邁克比他們班上其他的同學(xué)到校都早。
= Mike gets to school earliest in his class.邁克在他們班到校最早。
注意:Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom’s class.邁克比湯姆班上任何一個(gè)學(xué)生到校都早。(邁克和湯姆不是同一個(gè)班)
(5)“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級(jí)+of the two+……”表示“甲是兩者中較……的”。
例如,Look at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the two.看那兩個(gè)男孩,我弟弟是兩個(gè)當(dāng)中較高的那個(gè)。
(6)“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越……”。
例如,He is getting taller and taller.他變得越來(lái)越高了。
(7)“the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”表示“越……,越……”。
例如,The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you’ll make.你越認(rèn)真,犯的錯(cuò)誤越少。
(8)“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be+形容詞比較級(jí),甲o(hù)r乙?”
例如,Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?哪一個(gè)大,地球還是月球?
“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+副詞比較級(jí),甲o(hù)r乙?”
例如,Who draws better,Jenny or Danny?誰(shuí)畫(huà)得比較好,詹妮還是丹尼?
C.最高級(jí)常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)
(1)“主語(yǔ)+be+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語(yǔ)”表示“……是……中最……的”。
例如,Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.湯姆是他們班上/所有學(xué)生當(dāng)中最高的
“主語(yǔ)+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+(the)+副詞最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語(yǔ)”表示“……是……中最……的”。
例如,I jump(the)farthest in my class.我是我們班跳得最遠(yuǎn)的。
(2)“主語(yǔ)+be+oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+in/of短語(yǔ)”表示“……是……中最……之一”。
例如,Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中國(guó)最大城市之一。
(3)“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be+the+最高級(jí)+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比較。
例如,Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?哪一個(gè)國(guó)家最大,中國(guó),巴西還是加拿大?
“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be+the+副詞最高級(jí)+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比較
例如,Which season do you like(the)best,spring,summer or autumn?你最喜歡哪一個(gè)季節(jié),春天,夏天還是秋天?
第五篇:八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)形容詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)專(zhuān)題練習(xí)
新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)形容詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)專(zhuān)題練習(xí)
專(zhuān)題:形容詞,副詞比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)(一)1.形容詞,副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的概念。
形容詞和副詞可以靠改變形式來(lái)表示程度的不同。我們把這種變化形式叫做比較等級(jí)。要比較兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或物時(shí),就必須用形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。
形容詞、副詞有三個(gè)級(jí):原級(jí)(Positive Degree),比較級(jí)(Comparative Degree)和最高級(jí)(Superlative Degree)。
2.形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成。
①單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)形容詞、副詞的規(guī)則變化情況: a.在原級(jí)的詞尾加-er變?yōu)楸容^級(jí),加-est變?yōu)樽罡呒?jí)。e.g.short(原級(jí))---shorter(比較級(jí))---shortest(最高級(jí))long(原級(jí))---longer(比較級(jí))---longest(最高級(jí))
b.如原級(jí)以e結(jié)尾,則比較級(jí)只加-r,最高級(jí)只加-st。e.g.large---larger---largest nice---nicer---nicest
c.如原級(jí)以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,要將y改為i,再加-er,-est。e.g.busy---busier---busiest easy---easier---easiest
d.原級(jí)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,而且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母(不含字母組合er等),要雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母,再加-er,-est。
e.g.fat---fatter---fattest big---bigger---biggest
②大多數(shù)雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)形容詞、副詞的規(guī)則變化,是在原級(jí)前加more變成比較級(jí),加most變成最高級(jí)。
e.g.beautiful(原級(jí))---more beautiful(比較級(jí))---most beautiful(最高級(jí))interesting(原級(jí))---more interesting(比較級(jí))---most interesting(最高級(jí))
③有少數(shù)形容詞,副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是不規(guī)則的。這些單詞的變法需要大家識(shí)記。e.g.good---better---best bad worse worst ill many more most little---less---least much farther farthest older oldest far old further furthest elder eldest
④要注意有幾個(gè)形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)有兩種不同的形式,它們的意思也不同。e.g.old---older較舊,較老---oldest最舊,最老/ old---elder較年長(zhǎng)---eldest最年長(zhǎng) far---farther較遠(yuǎn)---farthest最遠(yuǎn)(指距離)/ far---further進(jìn)一步---furthest最深(指程度)
3.形容詞比較級(jí)的用法和相關(guān)句型。
①表示兩者“相等”用“as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+比較對(duì)象”。
e.g.He is as tall as his mother. English is as interesting as math.②表示“不如”或“不相等”用“not +as/so+形容詞原級(jí)+as+比較對(duì)象”。e.g.It is not so/as cold today as yesterday. Jack is not so/as tall as Tom.③表示倍數(shù),如“一半/兩倍/3倍/4倍/……”等用“half/twice/three/four/…times +as…as…”結(jié)構(gòu)。
e.g.I study twice as hard as you.
This room is three times as large as that one.④用“形容詞比較級(jí)+than引導(dǎo)的從句”進(jìn)行兩者的比較。e.g.The earth is bigger than the moon. This dress is more expensive than that one.⑤強(qiáng)調(diào)比較級(jí)超出比較程度時(shí),形容詞的比較級(jí)前可用much,far,a lot,still,no,a little,even,any,等狀語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾。
e.g.My brother is much older than I.This bike is far better than that one.⑥由and連接同一個(gè)形容詞的兩個(gè)比較級(jí),可以表示“越來(lái)越……”。e.g.I’m getting fatter and fatter.
I think English is becoming more and more difficult.⑦用“the+比較級(jí)…+the+比較級(jí)…”,表示“越……就越……”。e.g.The more you read,the more knowledge you will get. The less junk food you eat, the healthier you feel.一寫(xiě)出下列形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式
1.small 2.high 3.nice 4.wide 5.heavy 6.early 7.hot 8.big 9.low 10.slowly 11.expensive 12.difficult 13.many/ much 14.old 15.little 16.far 17.good/ well 18.bad/ badly 19.beautiful 20.clever 21.awful 22.cheap 23.clean 24.cold 25.colorful 26.cool 27.crowded 28.dangerous 29.delicious 30.dirty 31.fantastic 32.friendly 33.hard 34.hungry 35.late 36.lazy 37.quiet 38.smart 39.tall 40.thin 41.ugly 43.few
二用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.Mary is , but Jane is.Jane is than Mary.Caroline is very.She is the in the class.(tall)2.Jane’s handwriting is , but Mary’s is.Caroline’s handwriting is very.It is the handwriting I have ever seen.(bad)3.The three girls have photos of film stars.Mary hasn’t photos, but Jane has.Jane has photos than Mary.Caroline has the photos of the three.(many)4.Mary’s Chinese is not very.Jane’s is.Caroline’s Chinese is the.(good)5.Last week the three girls bought dresses.Caroline’s dress was than Jane’s.But Mary’s dress was the.(expensive)6.Mary works in a hospital.She is.Jane works in a school.She is than Mary.Caroline works in a company.She always works day and night.She is the of all.(busy)7.Jane’s bedroom is very.Caroline’s bedroom is than Jane’s.Mary’s is the of the three.(large)8.Caroline’s mother is very.Jane’s mother is than Caroline’s.But Mary’s mother is the of the three mothers.(fat)9.Jane has water in the bottle.Mary has than Jane.Caroline has the of all.(little)10.The earth is , the sun is than the earth.But the universe is the.(big)11.Bob is _(young)than Fred but _(tall)than Fred.12.Tom is not as _(tall)as Jack.13.Almost all the students’ faces are the same but Li Deming looks _(fat)than before the holidays.14.Which is _(heavy), this box or that one? 15.--How _(tall)is Sally?--She’s 1.55 meters _(tall).What about Xiao ling?--She’s only 1.40 meters _(tall).She is much _(short)than Sally.She is also the _(short)girl in the class.16.He is _(bad)at learning math.He is much _(bad)at Chinese and he is the _________(bad)at English.17.Annie says Sally is the _(kind)person in the world.18.He is one of the _(friendly)people in the class, I think.19.A dictionary is much _________(expensive)than a story-book.20.An orange is a little _(big)than an apple, but much ________(small)than a watermelon.21.The Changjiang River is the _(long)river in China.22.Sue is a little ________(beautiful)than her sister.23.My room is not as _________(big)as my brother’s.24.--How difficult is physics?--I' m not sure.--Is it ________(difficult)than math?--I don’t think so.25.--Annie plays the piano very _(well).--Sue plays it _(well)than Annie.And Sally plays it the _(well).26.Saturday is my(busy)day in a week.27.Her mother is getting(fat)and ________(fat).28.I think it’s too expensive.I’d like a _(cheap)one 29.He comes to school much _(early)than I.30.This book is not as _(interesting)as that one.31.Your classroom is _(wide)and _(bright)than ours.32.Practice as _(much)as you can.33.The _(much), the(good).34.Nowadays English is(important)than any other subject, 1 think.35.Most of the students think a lion is much ________(dangerous)than a bear and it is the __________(dangerous)animal in the world.三 單項(xiàng)選擇。
1.--She is ______ than her mother.--Her mother is also beautiful.A.beautiful B.beautifuler C.more beautiful D.most beautiful 2.--Our school is theirs.--What a big one!A.as five big as B.as five times big as C.as big as five times D.five times as big as 3.--Do you always get up as as you brother?--Not always.A.earliest B.earlier C.the earliest D.early 4.--The earth is______ the moon.--I also saw it on the newspaper.A.as 49 times big as B.49 times as bigger as C.49 times as big as D.as big as 49 times 5.--How time flies!--Yes, she looks______ than before.A.the more older B.very older C.much older D.more older 6.Would you please say it ? I still can’t follow you.A.more slow B.much slow C.more slowly D.much slowly 7.He is ________more beautiful than I.A.too B.enough C.much D.very 8.This book is _______ that one.A.as better as B.as good as C.as best as D.as well as 9.--It looks like that he is as ______ as you.--Oh, no.He is _______ than I.A.tall, a little tall B.taller, a little tall C.tall, a little taller D.taller, a little taller 10.--Thanks for taking care of the garden, it is becoming ______.--You are welcome.A.more beautiful and more B.more beautiful and more beautiful C.more and more beautiful D.more beautiful and beautiful 11.The box is ______ heavy.I can’t move it.A.much B.more C.enough D.too 12.Her brother is _______ than she.A.seven year older B.seven year older C.seven years old D.seven years older 13.The_________you stand,the _________ you can see.A.high;far B.higher;farther C.highest;farthest D.more higher;more farther 14.You should study English hard, because it’s getting_________ in our country.A.more and more important B.more important and more important C.importanter and importanter D.important and important
15.--They competed(比賽)to see who could work ______.--Wish they every success.A.the fastest and best B.the faster and the better C.fastest and better D.faster and better 16.I will try to make mistakes in future.A.less B.more C.fewer D.much 17.--I can play basketball as as my elder brother.--Really? A.good B.well C.better D.worse 18.--I feel ______ better today.--Have you catch a cold? A.any B.a little C.very D.more 19.--Things are getting ______ every day.--Yes, that’s great.A.good and good B.well and well C.more and more D.better and better 20.--______ you work for other people, ______ you feel.--Really? OK, I will.A.The well;the happier B.The better;the happier C.The well;the much happier D.The better;the happy 21.This question is more difficult than that one.A.rather B.quite C.very D.a little 22.--30,000 dollars is a lot of money.--But it’s than we need.The house is too expensive now.A.far more B.very much C.far less D.very little 23.--Can I help you?--Well, I’m afraid the box is heavy for you, but thank you all the same.A.so B.much C.very D.too 24.--Mr.Baker says he is the busiest man in your office.Do you think so?--Yes.He is really than any other person in our office.A.busy B.busier C.busiest D.the busiest 25.--The sick grandmother was getting day by day.--I am sorry to hear that.A.worse B.bad C.best D.worst
三 完成句子。
1.她看起來(lái)不如瑪麗年輕。She doesn't look __________ _________ __________ Mary.2.杰克的父親比母親大一歲。Jack's father is __________ _________ _________ than her mother.3.我們的教室比他們的明亮得多。Our classroom is ___________ ___________ than theirs.4.當(dāng)心!這條路越來(lái)越危險(xiǎn)。Look out!The mad is becoming ________ and _________ ________.5.你喜歡哪種動(dòng)物,貓還是狗? Which animal do you like __________ , a cat or a dog? 6.本書(shū)跟那本書(shū)一樣有趣。This book is ________ _________ that one.7.你游泳沒(méi)有你弟弟好。You can’t swim __________ __________ __________ your brother.8.今天比昨天冷的多。It is _________ __________ today ______ it was yesterday.9.對(duì)這個(gè)故事我比另一個(gè)喜歡的多。This story is __________ __________ __________ than that one.10.他比我大兩歲。He is_________ __________ __________ than I.一用括號(hào)中形容詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.She is the one of the two students.(beautiful)2.My mother is the in my family.(busy)3.Which do you like(well), oranges, apples ,or pears? 4.Beijing is one of the most beautiful(city)in China.5.Fish and chips are very , but I think fried chicken is of the three.(delicious)6.Li Ping’s home is from the school in our class.(far)7.This book is than that book.(interesting)8.Lily is(thin)of the three.9.Lesson Four is(difficult)than Lesson Three.10.This skirt is nicer than(I).11.John is __________ than I.He is the __________ boy in our class.(young)12.Mary is __________ than I;and she is the __________ of the three in our room.But she looks very young.(old)13.This book seems __________ than that one, but it is certainly not the __________ book on my desk.Some others are too __________ for you to read.(difficult)14.It is said that a Rolls Royce is much __________ than a Ford.It is one of the __________ cars.It is too __________ for common people.(expensive)15.All the students of this class are __________.They are __________ than those in the other class.In fact, they are the __________ students of the whole school.(good)16.“How much money do you want to start your business?” “The __________, the __________.”(much, good)17.San Francisco is __________ from New York City than from Los Angeles or Seattle.(far)18.I had a bad cold yesterday, but I feel __________ now.(well)19.The old man is always __________.He has nothing to worry about.He is even __________ now when he lives with his family.(happy)20.The United States of America is the __________ developed country while China is the developing country.Both counties have __________ markets.China has a __________ population than the U.S.A., but China’s GDP is much lower than that of the U.S.A.(large)
二 單項(xiàng)選擇。
1.--Which is ______, the sun, the moon or the earth?--The moon.A.small B.smaller C.smallest D.the smallest 2.--This watch is one in all.--So do you want to buy it? A.most expensive B.more expensive C.the most expensive D.much expensive 3.--The Yellow River is the second river in China.--I’m proud of it.A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest 4.--Which subject do you like ?--Of course English.A.better B.best C.well D.good 5.--The Yangzi River is one of in the world.--We are very proud of that.A.the longest river B.longer river C.the longest rivers D.longest rivers 6.--Which do you like______, coffee, tea or milk?--Coffee.A.the worst B.worse C.the worse D.worst 7.--Does she study hard?--Yes, she is one of __ ___ in our class.A.the best students B.best students C.the best student D.best student 8.My sister is ______ person I know.A.the funniest B.the funnier C.the most fun D.funniest 9.--Is Mr Du __________ teacher in your school?--I think he is.A.the most busy B.the busier C.the most busiest D.the busiest 10.The book is the ________ one in the bookshop. A.the most cheap B.the expensive C.the most expensive D.the less expensiver 11.The mouse ______the cat.A.runs not as fast as B.don’t run as fast as C.doesn’t run as fast as D.runs no more fast 12.--Tom is of the two.--How old is he? A.the younger B.the youngest C.younger D.the young 13.--Could you buy me a MP3 like this, Uncle?--Sure.I will buy you one than this, but this.A.a cheaper;as nice as B.a better;better than C.a worse;as nice as D.a dearer;worse than 14.--Remember this, children, careful you are, mistakes you will make.--We know, Miss.Gao.A.The more;the more B.The fewer;the more C.The more;the fewer D.The less;the less 15.--The population of our city is becoming.--Yes.It has become a serious problem.A.larger and larger B.more and more C.fewer and fewer D.less and less 16.--What do you think about that film?--The film is better than others.A.very B.not C.far D.so 17.--Which is book, the new one or the old one?--I prefer the old one.A.better B.the better C.best D.the best 18.--Bob is of the two boys.--That’s right.And Mary is of the three girls.A.tall;short B.taller;the shorter C.tallest;the shortest D.the taller;the shortest 19.--We spent all our money because we stayed at the most expensive hotel in town.--Why didn’t you stay at one? A.a cheap B.a cheaper C.the cheap D.the cheaper 20.--How about this apple?--This apple is not good, that one is.A.more bad B.even worse C.still worst D.more badly 21.--What do you think of his surfing?--Oh, no one does.A.good B.better C.best D.the best 22.--The world is becoming smaller and smaller because the Internet brings us.--That’s right.A.the close B.closer C.the closer D.close
23.--Of the two toys(玩具), the child chose ______.--Ha-Ha, he is clever.A.the more expensive one B.one most expensive C.a least expensive D.the most expensive of them 24.The Chinese people must grow more food and have families with but children.A.fewer;smaller;healthier B.healthier;fewer;smaller C.healthier;smaller;fewer D.smaller;fewer;healthier 25.--Does she study hard?--Yes, she is one of ______ in our class.A.the best students B.best students C.the best student D.best student
三 完成下列句子。
1.本書(shū)跟那本書(shū)一樣有趣。
This book is ________ _________ that one.2.你游泳沒(méi)有你弟弟好。
You can’t swim __________ __________ __________ your brother.3.這棟樓比那棟樓高一點(diǎn)。
This building is _________ __________ ______ that one.4.我認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)比數(shù)學(xué)難得多。
I think English is __________ __________ __________ than math.5.他比我大兩歲。
He is_________ __________ __________ than I.6.這個(gè)故事不如那個(gè)有趣。
This story is __________ __________ __________than that one.7.她的身體狀況一天天好起來(lái)。He is getting __________ __________ __________ every day.8.他對(duì)英語(yǔ)越來(lái)越感興趣。
He is becoming __________ ______ ____ in English.9.他吃的越多,人越胖。
The he eats, the _________ he gets.10.你的問(wèn)題是兩個(gè)中比較難的那個(gè)。
Your question is__________ __________ __________ of the two.