第一篇：歐洲難民危機(jī)升級(jí)

[原創(chuàng)]我們無(wú)法應(yīng)付這股洪流！歐洲邊境已經(jīng)無(wú)法控制，免簽證旅游區(qū)處在崩潰的邊緣！

小虎很虎2015/9/3 15:08:06收藏 分享 > 6284 歐洲難民危機(jī)升級(jí)！德國(guó)承認(rèn)它不再能應(yīng)付大量涌入！昨晚邊境控制被重新啟動(dòng)。德國(guó)被迫要求意大利加強(qiáng)邊境管制之后，歐盟的護(hù)照自由行區(qū)在崩潰的邊緣。

成千上萬(wàn)的難民從渡船上出現(xiàn)在希臘首都雅典的街道上，一股無(wú)法阻擋的洪流！

難民想要通過(guò)警戒線，越過(guò)邊境，從希臘到馬其頓，與軍隊(duì)發(fā)生劇烈沖突！

敘利亞移民在希臘與馬其頓的交叉邊境，不顧危險(xiǎn)爬下陡峭的鐵路軌道路堤。

希臘馬其頓邊境男孩走在軌道上。明天就會(huì)到達(dá)目的地！現(xiàn)實(shí)情況并不像他想的那么簡(jiǎn)單！

難民人群聚集在挪威去意大利卡利亞里港口的入口。德國(guó)要求意大利在布倫內(nèi)羅，在與奧地利的邊境實(shí)施檢查！

一名穿紅上衣、深色短褲的溺亡男童被沖到岸邊，臉部朝下埋在沙中，身體不斷被海浪拍打，讓人看了非常不舍；隨后有警察抱走他的尸體。

該名男童應(yīng)是3歲的艾蘭，他的5歲哥哥加利普和母親蕾哈娜也同樣溺亡，只有父親阿卜杜拉生存下來(lái)。

阿卜杜拉庫(kù)德人來(lái)到太平間!

為他的妻子和敘利亞男孩準(zhǔn)備做最后的旅程

心碎的阿卜杜拉！

土耳其官方表示，兩艘滿載敘利亞難民的小船，2日從土耳其博德魯姆出發(fā)要前往希臘的科斯島，雙雙翻覆，23人中12人死亡，包括1名婦女和5名孩童；另救起9人，其中1人送醫(yī)後傷重不治。

在火車站捷克警察用記號(hào)筆對(duì)兒童寫(xiě)下數(shù)字！在通往匈牙利和奧地利的火車上拘捕超過(guò)200名難民，大多來(lái)自敘利亞布雷科夫！

捷克絕大多數(shù)反對(duì)收容難民，據(jù)八月調(diào)查當(dāng)?shù)孛裾{(diào)機(jī)構(gòu)集中，百分之93的受訪者表示，他們應(yīng)該返回他們的原籍國(guó)?！彼麄儾皇羌埫嫔系臄?shù)字！他們是人！“面對(duì)維權(quán)人士引用倫理方的論述。

布拉格律師馬立克費(fèi)克根據(jù)法律“我知道這很困難，因?yàn)殡y民沒(méi)有文件。民眾認(rèn)為警察有權(quán)這樣做”

警察與成千上萬(wàn)的難民陷入對(duì)峙！

警察告訴他們沒(méi)有有效證件不能登上火車到德國(guó)后大約3000名移民正在布達(dá)佩斯凱萊蒂站主要入口處對(duì)持！

數(shù)百人聚集在布達(dá)佩斯市中心凱萊蒂站的入口處！

數(shù)百難民車站外面與警察緊張對(duì)峙！大聲呼喊“自由，自由”！

許多人在不斷擴(kuò)大的人群中發(fā)布懇求的消息，包括這一個(gè)：“歐洲幫助“！

在地鐵站附近，許多難民在地下通道等待他們的命運(yùn)！

當(dāng)難民等待車站重新開(kāi)放時(shí)，憤怒正在蔓延。不像其他一些歐盟國(guó)家，捷克當(dāng)局認(rèn)為移民進(jìn)入該國(guó)前應(yīng)該在出發(fā)地發(fā)出庇護(hù)的請(qǐng)求！

面對(duì)封鎖，大聲高喊“自由，自由”的難民與警察緊張對(duì)峙！

抗議中！敘利亞女孩舉起一個(gè)“幫助我”牌子！

正在制作阿富汗和敘利亞難民的需求口號(hào)！

匈牙利警察在布達(dá)佩斯的凱萊蒂火車站外面對(duì)難民！

抗議中！阿富汗和敘利亞的難民把孩子裹在毛毯里，提醒他們才剛剛逃離恐怖。

難民要求他們能前往德國(guó)!

絕望的難民情緒低落！

小女孩睡在長(zhǎng)椅上，他家人已經(jīng)被驅(qū)離！

求救！

難民男孩持有一個(gè)簽名，聲稱匈牙利警察拿走了他的錢和護(hù)照。

匈牙利警方在一份聲明中說(shuō)，他們打算在難民數(shù)量繼續(xù)增加的時(shí)候到達(dá)塞爾維亞增加難民營(yíng)數(shù)量！

絕望的難民家庭被匈牙利當(dāng)局從開(kāi)往奧地利火車的列車上拖走，要帶他們?nèi)ルy民營(yíng)。

緊張對(duì)峙后兩天匈牙利警察從布達(dá)佩斯車站撤退，引發(fā)了混亂的場(chǎng)面人群沖進(jìn)了一列固定的火車，相信他們被允許去奧地利和德國(guó)，難民面臨的依然是挫折，附近所有的火車與船全部停用！

第二篇：安吉麗娜朱莉--難民危機(jī)

安吉麗娜?朱莉---難民危機(jī)

Thank You.I’m very very honor to be here.謝謝，我非常非常榮幸來(lái)到這里。

Over 60 million people are displaced today.More than at any time in the last 70 years.That is one in every 122 people.This tell us something deeply worrying about the peace and security of our world.It said that for all other advances this type of human insecurity is growing faster than our ability to prevent or reverse it.現(xiàn)在有超過(guò)六千萬(wàn)的人們被迫離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)，比過(guò)去70年的任何時(shí)候都要多，每122個(gè)人中就有一個(gè)。這讓我們對(duì)世界的和平與安全表示擔(dān)憂，人們的不安全形勢(shì)發(fā)展的太快，我們已經(jīng)沒(méi)有能力去阻止或扭轉(zhuǎn)這種形勢(shì)。

The international humanitarian system is supposed to work on the basis that refugees will be protected largely in camps where they can be given basic food, shelter, education as a temporary measure until they are able to return to their homes.During this time, the exceptional cases of the most vulnerable people can be identified for asylum in a third country and then moved.That is how the system has worked and how it should work.Today we are seeing it break down.Not because the model is flawed or because refugees are behaving differently, but because the number of conflicts and scale of displacement have grown so large.In the past 6 years, 15 conflicts have erupted or reignited.國(guó)際人道主義制度運(yùn)行的基礎(chǔ)是難民們?cè)陔y民營(yíng)中受到充分保護(hù)，在那里難民們有最基本的食物、庇護(hù)所和教育作為臨時(shí)保障，直至他們返回自己的家鄉(xiāng)。在這期間，可以認(rèn)定特別困難的人群在第三國(guó)尋求庇護(hù)并且定居。這就是國(guó)際人道主義制度的運(yùn)作方式，并且應(yīng)該這樣運(yùn)作?，F(xiàn)在我們看到制度沒(méi)有起作用，不是因?yàn)橹贫缺旧碛腥毕莼蛘唠y民們的行為異樣，而是因?yàn)闆_突的數(shù)量和難民的規(guī)模已經(jīng)增長(zhǎng)得太快了。在過(guò)去6年中，爆發(fā)了15起大規(guī)模的沖突，The average time a person will be displaced is now 20 years, 20 years and excel.The number of refugees returning to their homes is the lowest it is bend in 3 decades.Africa has more people displace than ever before, and millions of refugees live without sufficient food or proper shelter let alone education because UN appeals are drastically underfunded.The UNHCR appeal for the Central African Republic for example is less than 3% funded.With this then the state of today’s world is it any surprised that some of this desperate people who are running out all options and who seeing no hope of returning home would make push to Europe as a last resort even at risk of death.現(xiàn)在人們遠(yuǎn)離故鄉(xiāng)的時(shí)間平均為20年，甚至高于20年，難民們返回故鄉(xiāng)的時(shí)間最少也要30年。因?yàn)槁?lián)合國(guó)的需求極度缺乏資金支持，非洲被迫離鄉(xiāng)的難民數(shù)量比以往都要高，數(shù)百萬(wàn)的難民沒(méi)有充足的食物、合適的住所，更不用說(shuō)教育了。例如，聯(lián)合國(guó)難民署對(duì)中非共和國(guó)的資助只得到了不到3%的資金支持。就現(xiàn)在的形勢(shì)，那些走投無(wú)路的人們看不到回家的希望，只能抓住歐洲這最后的希望，哪怕冒著生命危險(xiǎn)。

The question is how are we respond as democracies and as an international community to this major test of our values and our resolve.The spotlight has been firmly on Europe, but the crisis in Europe is only a fraction of the global refugee problem and there for the solutions been discussed for Europe are only a fraction of the overall answer.We in the west are neither at the center of the refugee crisis nor for the most parts the one’s making the greatest sacrifice.The majority of the world’s refugees live in country such as Turkey, Pakistan, Lebanon, Iran, Ethiopia and Jordan.So my argument is that unless we address the root causes of the crisis.We will not seen it slowing of the number of refugees crossing borders and in fact quite the opposite.Countries around the world will be ask to do more and more.European nations are current negotiating to resettle 10% of refugees from just one conflict: Syria.Well, other countries are bursting at the scenes with millions of refugees from multiple conflicts.So what we must do first and foremost as citizens is to demand our government show the leadership necessary to address the fundamental courses of the refugee crisis at a global level.This is the wilder picture that I would like to dress today.現(xiàn)在的問(wèn)題是我們作為民主國(guó)家，作為國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)該如何回應(yīng)對(duì)我們的價(jià)值和決心的巨大考驗(yàn)。公眾的注意力一直聚在歐洲，但是歐洲的危機(jī)只是全球難民問(wèn)題的一部分。我們討論的關(guān)于解決歐洲問(wèn)題的方法只是解決全部問(wèn)題的一種。我們西方國(guó)家既不是難民危機(jī)的中心，也未做出最大的犧牲。全球的難民主要分布在土耳其、巴基斯坦、黎巴嫩、伊朗、埃塞俄比亞和約旦。所以我認(rèn)為，除非我們能從根源上解決問(wèn)題，否則我們不會(huì)看到穿越邊境的難民數(shù)量會(huì)減少，事實(shí)上還會(huì)增加，世界各國(guó)的壓力會(huì)越來(lái)越大。歐洲國(guó)家現(xiàn)在在商討重新安置10%的難民，只是從敘利亞一個(gè)沖突地區(qū)。然而，其他國(guó)家面臨眾多沖突導(dǎo)致數(shù)百萬(wàn)的難民已人滿為患。所以我們作為民眾首要任務(wù)是：要求政府從國(guó)際層面展現(xiàn)出對(duì)難民危機(jī)必要的解決基本問(wèn)題的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力，這是我今天從宏觀層面想表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)。

I know that no one can speak for 60 million displace people, and I know that it is the democratic right of the citizens of each country to reach their own conclusions about the right way forward.I there prefer put my thoughts before you with humility and respect seeking to understand all points of view.On one hand, the refugee crisis has produce great acts of generosity and solidarity with refugees here in Europe and other parts of the world.And on the other hand, fear of uncontrolled migration has eroded public confidence and the ability of governments and international institutions to control the situation.It has given space to a false air of legitimacy to those who promote politics of fear and separation.It has created the risk of a race to the bottom with country’s competing to be the toughest in the hope of protecting themselves whatever it cost or challenge their neighbors and despite their international responsibilities.But since no country can sail itself out from the impact of the refugee crisis such a free for all would lead to an even greater site of problems.It would mount to the worst of both worlds failing to tackle the issue and undermining international law and our values in the process.我知道沒(méi)有人可以代替六千萬(wàn)無(wú)家可歸的人說(shuō)話，我知道這是每個(gè)國(guó)家公民的民主權(quán)利來(lái)通過(guò)正確的方法做出自己的決定。我秉持謙遜和尊敬之意，在此闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)，也希望了解各方觀點(diǎn)。一方面，難民危機(jī)喚起了眾多在歐洲和世界其他地方對(duì)難民的團(tuán)結(jié)慷慨之舉，另一方面，對(duì)無(wú)管制移民的恐懼削弱了民眾的信心，以及政府和國(guó)際組織掌控局勢(shì)的能力。這給那些推動(dòng)政治恐懼和分裂的人提供了錯(cuò)誤的合法空間，這恐怕將發(fā)展成為一場(chǎng)逐底競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，各國(guó)競(jìng)相采取嚴(yán)酷手段，為求自保而不顧一切代價(jià)，不顧?quán)弴?guó)安危，甚至置國(guó)際責(zé)任于不顧。但是既然沒(méi)有國(guó)家能免受難民危機(jī)的影響，這種混亂會(huì)引發(fā)更大的問(wèn)題，給雙方都帶來(lái)最壞的結(jié)果。無(wú)法解決問(wèn)題，破壞國(guó)際法律和我們的價(jià)值觀。

And there is another factor, at the moment when we need strong collective action, we are questioning our ability to cope with international crisis.I am sure that many people listening feel this.We have watched the events of the last few decades, wanting to see progress, probably feeling that we’re doing our part to make that happen.But after so many years of failed attempts by governments and leaders to do the right thing, we feel angry, we feel cheated, we feel confused.We’re starting to think that maybe it is simply not possible to make a lasting difference.But the worst possible choice we would make is to decide to step back from the world.另一個(gè)事實(shí)是，在我們需要團(tuán)結(jié)一致的行動(dòng)時(shí)，我們卻質(zhì)疑自己應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際危機(jī)的能力，我相信很多在座的聽(tīng)眾皆有同感。我們見(jiàn)證了過(guò)去幾十年的事件，渴望看到進(jìn)步，可能也在為取得進(jìn)步而盡一己之力，但是經(jīng)過(guò)這么多年政府和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人失敗的努力之后。我們感到憤怒，感到受到了欺騙，感到迷茫，我們甚至開(kāi)始感覺(jué)到也許根本不可能做出永久的改變。但是我們做出的最壞的選擇是對(duì)這個(gè)世界不聞不問(wèn)。

The last time there was this number of refugees was after World War Ⅱ, when nations came together to forge the United Nations, the UN Charter and Universal Declaration of Human Rights.I believe this is again that once in a generation moment when nations have to pull together.How we respond will determine whether we create a more stable world or face decades of far greater instability.At extremes, the debate about refugees in western nations has been polarized, with on one hand some people calling for open borders, and on the other hand for the complete exclusion of all refugees, or worse, for certain groups of refugees.But policies should not be driven by emotion, by what might be termed as “na?ve humanitarianism” placing the perceived needs of refugees above all other considerations, or by our rational fear and unacceptable prejudice.Instead, we need to find a rational center, rebuilding public confidence and ensuring democratic consent for the long-term approach that will be needed.上一次世界上有這么多的難民是在二戰(zhàn)以后，那時(shí)各國(guó)聯(lián)合起來(lái)成立了聯(lián)合國(guó)，頒布了《聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章》和《世界人權(quán)宣言》，我相信這又是一個(gè)百年一遇的時(shí)刻，各國(guó)應(yīng)齊心協(xié)力。我們的反應(yīng)將決定我們是能夠創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更穩(wěn)定的世界，還是將面臨幾十年更大的混亂。在這種極端的情況下，關(guān)于西方國(guó)家的難民討論也走向極端。一方面有人呼吁開(kāi)放邊境，另一方面，有人要求排斥所有難民或者更惡劣的情況：排斥部分特定的難民。但政策的制定不應(yīng)被這些因素左右，例如感情，將難民的需要置于一切其他考慮之上的所謂的“簡(jiǎn)單人道主義”或者合理的恐懼和不應(yīng)有的偏見(jiàn)。相反，我們需要建立一個(gè)理性的中心重建民眾信心并保證對(duì)所需的長(zhǎng)久之計(jì)達(dá)成民主共識(shí)。

I believe each government should make a new compact with its people, setting out what their country can contribute based on an objective assessment of the needs, of the available resources and capacity of local communities to absorb certain numbers of refugees where that is appropriate.It calls for policies which balance the needs of local communities with the needs of refugees.We shall properly fund it, communicate it and implement it consistently over time.The point is every country must do its fair share and no country can abdicate its responsibility.I suggest this should be based on four principles.我認(rèn)為，各國(guó)政府與其人民達(dá)成新的一致找到他們可以出力的地方，客觀評(píng)估難民需要、可利用的資源以及當(dāng)?shù)氐某惺苣芰?，在合適的地區(qū)接納一定數(shù)量的難民，這需要能夠平衡當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裥枨蠛碗y民需求的政策。我們要對(duì)其長(zhǎng)久合理地投入資金、交流溝通、貫徹執(zhí)行。關(guān)鍵在于，每個(gè)國(guó)家都要公平承擔(dān)責(zé)任，任何國(guó)家都不能逃避。我建議如下四點(diǎn)原則：

First, It is not wrong for citizens in any country faced with the sudden surge of people seeking refugee within their borders to want to know that there are strong processes in place to prevent law and order, to preserve and to protect their security.No one should be crossing a border and not registering and going through asylum process.第一，任何國(guó)家的居民面對(duì)突然大批涌入自己國(guó)家尋求庇護(hù)的難民，都有權(quán)知道，有強(qiáng)大的法律和秩序來(lái)保護(hù)他們的安全。任何人都不應(yīng)在未登記注冊(cè)的情況下跨越邊境或進(jìn)入庇護(hù)程序。

Second, it is important to maintain the distinction between refugees and economic migrants.An economic migrant chooses to move in order to improve their lives or livelihoods.Refugees have to move if they’re deceived their lives and preserved their freedoms.However difficult the situations migrants are seeking to escape, however understandable their motivation, there is no blanket human right to resettle in another country.And there is no answer to global poverty and insecurity that involves the mass transfer of people.To put it in another way, all human beings deserve equal human rights.But all people seeking asylum do not have equal grounds for asylum.Everyone must respect the laws and asylum procedures.That said, we must bear in mind that the distinction is complex and must never be used as a way of dismissing migrants who have valid claim for asylum.第二，明確難民和經(jīng)濟(jì)移民的區(qū)別十分重要。經(jīng)濟(jì)移民選擇移居是為了提高生活水平或?yàn)榱松?jì)，而難民是在生命受到威脅、自由受到限制時(shí)，不得不移居。無(wú)論經(jīng)濟(jì)移民試圖逃離的環(huán)境多么惡劣，不管他們的動(dòng)機(jī)多么合理，在另一個(gè)國(guó)家重新定居都沒(méi)有完整的人權(quán)。面對(duì)涉及大規(guī)模人口遷移的全球貧困和安全問(wèn)題，我們卻無(wú)確切答案。換句話說(shuō)，所有人都應(yīng)享有平等的人權(quán)，但是尋求庇護(hù)的人們卻沒(méi)有得到平等的庇護(hù)。每個(gè)人都必須尊重法律和庇護(hù)申請(qǐng)程序，這就是說(shuō)，我們必須牢記，區(qū)別是很復(fù)雜的，但這絕不是拒絕合法申請(qǐng)庇護(hù)的移民的理由。

I will add that we would fail the basic test of humanity if we discriminate between refugees on the basis of religion, race or ethnicity.When I meet a refugee I do not see a Muslin refugee or a Christian refugee or a Yazidi, I see a mother, or a father, a son or a daughter, a person within equal right to stand in dignity on this planet.Populations uprooted are the future of their countries.These are decent families registering and waiting peacefully for a chance to return home.And the majority of them are women and children.We should never make them feel like beggars, or worse, like a commodity to be traded between countries, a burden or ever a threat, or that their children are not considered equal to others.Nobody wants to be a refugee.Nobody deserves to be a refugee.And for as long as war, it’s part of the human condition.None of us are immune to becoming refugees.So all refugees merit equal, respect and compassion.另外，如果我們根據(jù)難民的宗教信仰或種族來(lái)對(duì)聽(tīng)他們加以區(qū)分，我們將失掉最基本的人性。當(dāng)我看到一個(gè)難民的時(shí)候，我看到的不是穆斯林或基督教徒或雅茲迪教徒，我看見(jiàn)的是一位母親、父親、兒子或女兒，一個(gè)與其他人享有平等權(quán)利、有尊嚴(yán)地活著的人。這些被趕出家園的人是他們國(guó)家的未來(lái)。這些禮貌的人們申請(qǐng)登記、平靜地等待著重返家園的機(jī)會(huì)。他們中的大部分人是婦女和兒童，我們永遠(yuǎn)不能讓他們感覺(jué)自己是乞丐，或更惡劣的國(guó)家之間進(jìn)行交易的商品、負(fù)擔(dān)甚至是威脅，或他們的孩子低人一等。沒(méi)人想成為難民，沒(méi)有人應(yīng)該成為難民。只要戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)存在，這就是人類現(xiàn)狀，我們每個(gè)人都有可能成為難民的可能，因此，所有的難民都應(yīng)受到平等對(duì)待、尊重和同情。

Third, it would be na?ve to think that we can protect ourselves selectively alone from challenges in the globalized world by pulling away from other countries or peoples.As with any global problem in the 21st century uncoordinated national responses are not the answer and unstable world is an unsafe world for all.And there is no barrier high enough to protect from such disorder and desperation.If your neighbor’s house is on fire, you are not safe if you lock your doors.Isolationism is not strength.Fragmentation is not the answer.Strength lies in being unafraid in working with others and living up to our highest ideals.We must not change who we are because we face a crisis.第三，如果我們認(rèn)為疏遠(yuǎn)其他國(guó)家和人民就能逃避全球化世界的挑戰(zhàn)，從而有選擇地保護(hù)自己，那將是非常幼稚的。21世紀(jì)的任何全球性問(wèn)題都需要國(guó)家之間協(xié)調(diào)解決。對(duì)于任何人來(lái)說(shuō)，不穩(wěn)定的世界就是不安全的世界。沒(méi)有任何屏障足以抵擋如此混亂和絕望，輔車相依，唇齒相連（城門失火，殃及池魚(yú)）。孤獨(dú)主義不是力量，分裂破碎不是答案。不畏與他國(guó)合作實(shí)現(xiàn)最高理想才是力量所在，我們不能因?yàn)槲C(jī)而改變自己。And finally, none of these will be enough unless we address the underlying causes of refugee crisis.Shouldn’t we been asking how to make the world more stable rather than asking how to stabilize a mass of displace people.What are the failures and flows of our international system that are causing the number of refugees grow larger everyday.We need to recognize the decades of broken promises, double standers and partial justice are fundamental part of how we got today’s situation.If we look back and see this many people displaced, and this much conflict and so little accountability then we have to question the source of the problem.最后，除非我們從根源解決難民危機(jī)，否則我們所做的一切都還不夠。我們應(yīng)該讓世界更穩(wěn)定，而不是穩(wěn)定大量的難民。到底是國(guó)際體系中哪些不足造成難民數(shù)量日益劇增。我們必須意識(shí)到數(shù)十年來(lái)的違背諾言、雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、部分正義導(dǎo)致我們走到今天這種情況。如果我們回頭看，有這么多人流離失所，有這么多沖突，責(zé)任義務(wù)卻少之又少，那么我們不得不質(zhì)疑問(wèn)題的根源。

When the Security Council member uses its veto when civilians are being killed by their own government or we turn away too soon from a conflict situation or cases refer to the international criminal court and then we don’t give it sufficient support.When we don’t help nations treat fairly in the world so that they can stand on their own.We partially meet UN aid appeal and think that we have achieve something.In all these cases, the consequence is deeper conflict and wilder instability which leads to the type of mass displacement we are dealing with today.If these things continue to happen there will be further displacement and more people on the borders of Europe and elsewhere.The long term answer involves founding our world on laws and accountability.However distant that ideal and genuinely working towards the common interests achieving this will be the work of generations but it underscores why we cannot step back from the effort to build a more stable world beyond our borders and a better future for our children.當(dāng)安理會(huì)成員使其否決權(quán)，當(dāng)公民被政府殺害或是我們不去面對(duì)沖突局面，或是對(duì)于涉及國(guó)際刑事法院的案子，我們不給予足夠的支持，我們不幫助一些國(guó)家受到公平待遇讓他們站穩(wěn)腳跟，我們只是回應(yīng)了一部分聯(lián)合國(guó)援助呼吁而且認(rèn)為自己已經(jīng)有所成就。在所有這些情況下，將導(dǎo)致更深的矛盾和更大范圍的不穩(wěn)定，從而造成我們今天所面臨的大規(guī)模移民的情況，如果這些持續(xù)發(fā)生，歐洲邊界和其他地方將會(huì)有更大數(shù)量的難民。長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的解決方法是建立法律和責(zé)任的世界，無(wú)論這個(gè)理想有多遙遠(yuǎn)，都真誠(chéng)地朝著共同利益前進(jìn)。實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)理想需要幾代人的努力，但它強(qiáng)調(diào)了我們?yōu)槭裁幢仨毰⒁粋€(gè)超越邊界的更穩(wěn)定的世界，為我們的后代建立一個(gè)更美好的未來(lái)。

Yes, it is a difficult time in history where there are people bent on violence with no thought for the lives that are ruined by their actions but we have been through tough times and we have faced the worst in humanity on the global scale with people intent on destroying our democracies and we have fought back from that.We have more awareness and we have matched bigger enemies.And if we learn anything from the past, this is what should rally us together, not withdrawing but deciding to come together and show leadership.This is the duty that falls on all of us to the next UN Secretary General, to all governments, to civil society, to every one of us.And whether we succeed we’ll help define this century.The alternative is chaos and further displacement.A world without order and law, and institutions built by our predecessors buckling under the stream of human catastrophe that we could have prevented.是的，現(xiàn)在是一段艱難的時(shí)間，因?yàn)橛腥藘A向于暴力，毫不關(guān)心被他們毀掉的生命。但是我們?cè)?jīng)歷苦難，我們?cè)鎸?duì)世界上最慘無(wú)人道的事，我們?cè)鎸?duì)有人刻意破壞民主，我們都進(jìn)行了反擊。我們有了更多的認(rèn)識(shí)，也有了更大的敵人。如果說(shuō)我們從過(guò)去學(xué)到了什么，那就是我們應(yīng)該團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，絕不退縮，齊心協(xié)力，起表率作用。這是我們所有人肩上的責(zé)任，是下一任聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)的責(zé)任，是各國(guó)政府的責(zé)任，是民間社會(huì)的責(zé)任，是我們每一個(gè)人的責(zé)任。無(wú)論成功與否，我們都會(huì)明白混亂和更多難民沒(méi)有法律和秩序的世界，我們前輩建立的機(jī)構(gòu)屈服于人類災(zāi)難，這些本都是我們可以阻止的。

Thank you very much!非常感謝！

第三篇：歐洲移民危機(jī)

Premier GKFX

Today though we are looking at the Impact of the immigrant crisis on Europe，今天我們來(lái)看一下移民危機(jī)對(duì)歐洲的影響。

This is a thorny subject and one beset with both moral,humanitarian conflict and economic considerations.這是一個(gè)燙手的山芋，既有道德和人道主義紛爭(zhēng)，又有經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的考量。

However the rise in immigration has now become a major issue in Europe, exaggerated in the past couple of years by the numerous conflicts that have sprung up in the Middle East, Africa and the Balkans which have further accelerated this year.The stream of poignant and heartrending pictures of refugee migrants and their families trying to make their way north after having crossed the Mediterranean or Aegean Sea can have left no viewer untouched.But it also illustrates an age-old truth that on top of those fleeing war and unrest at home these migrants also want to work and simply to build a better quality of life for themselves and their families in a safe far off land.Many have simply walked their way out with only a pitiful handful of possessions or simply the clothes they stand up in whilst others in the professional classes have made the same difficult choice and arrived by more conventional methods.然而，現(xiàn)在移民激增成為歐洲的一個(gè)大問(wèn)題，過(guò)去幾年中，這一情況不斷惡化，由于中東、非洲以及巴爾干半島危機(jī)，今年的形勢(shì)愈加嚴(yán)重。難民移民和他們的家人試圖穿越地中海或者愛(ài)情海北上，場(chǎng)景十分悲慘、心酸，讓人無(wú)不為之動(dòng)容。但這也解釋了一個(gè)古老的真理，在逃離家園戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和**的背后，這些移民也希望為自己建立一種更好的生活，為他們的家人尋找一片安全的樂(lè)土。不少人只帶上簡(jiǎn)單的隨身衣物就上路了，一些職業(yè)階層的人也做了同樣艱難的選擇，采取了更加傳統(tǒng)的方法到達(dá)歐洲。

In Europe today that mostly means going to Germany, Scandinavia, Britain and some other places such as the Netherlands by way of the open borders of existing EU members where unemployment levels are low in comparison with the likes of Spain and Greece.Germany, at 4.7%.has the lowest unemployment rate in the whole of the EU whilst Greece has the highest unemployment rate at 25% followed by Spain at 22.2%.在今天的歐洲，通往德國(guó)、斯堪的納維亞半島、英國(guó)和其他一些國(guó)家比如荷蘭，通常的做法是借由現(xiàn)有歐盟國(guó)家開(kāi)放的邊境，那里的失業(yè)率比西班牙和希臘的失業(yè)率要低。德國(guó)的失業(yè)率為4.7%，在整個(gè)歐盟國(guó)家中，失業(yè)水平最低。希臘的失業(yè)率最高，達(dá)到25%，西班牙以22.2%的失業(yè)率緊隨其后。

As the free movement of labour is one of the founding principles of the European Union, many migrants will end up where the jobs are and, to some extent, where other migrants from their home region have already settled.This will provide some start-up comfort and support and for many bridge the language barrier of the host country.由于勞動(dòng)力的自由流動(dòng)是歐盟建立的基本原則之一，所有哪里有工作，哪里移民就多，并且那里通常有很多來(lái)自相同故土的移民已經(jīng)定居下來(lái)。這可以在初期提供一些安慰和支持，為東道國(guó)緩解一些語(yǔ)言障礙隔閡障礙。

The magnitude of the problem now is enormous.Net long-term migration to the UK(immigration less emigration)was estimated to be 330,000 in the calendar year ended March 2015 whilst at a rough guess, Germany may receive 400,000 to 500,000 more immigrants this year than it expected just six months ago.現(xiàn)在這個(gè)問(wèn)題的重要性不容小覷啦！截止2015年3月，英國(guó)的長(zhǎng)期凈移民估計(jì)有33萬(wàn)。粗略估計(jì)一下，德國(guó)今年接收的外來(lái)移民會(huì)達(dá)到40萬(wàn)至50萬(wàn)，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出6個(gè)月前的預(yù)期。

If so, this would add 0.5%-0.6% to the German resident population.For the EU average as a whole, the increase may be half that scale.如果實(shí)際情況真是如此，德國(guó)的居住人口將增加0.5%-0.6%。對(duì)整個(gè)歐洲的平均水平而言，增長(zhǎng)的人口將是德國(guó)規(guī)模的一半。

The most common nationality by far of those currently arriving in Greece and Italy is Syrian.Other common nationalities are Eritrean, Afghan, Somali, and Iraqi.In most cases they are fleeing civil war, violence and oppression.Those who do make it to the UK are highly likely to be granted refugee status or humanitarian protection.Legally and morally, they are not illegal immigrants, still less “bogus asylum seekers”.But that’s not the whole story by any means: a considerable number are from countries in west Africa, including Nigeria and Ghana.Here the motivations for most are likely to be primarily economic.目前抵達(dá)希臘和意大利的外來(lái)移民主要是敘利亞人。其他還有厄立特里亞人，阿富汗人，索馬里人和伊拉克人。他們主要是為逃離內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，暴力和壓迫。那些成功到達(dá)英國(guó)的人，很可能被授予難民身份，或給予人道主義保護(hù)。在法律和道義上，他們不是非法移民，也不是“虛假的尋求庇護(hù)者”。但無(wú)論如何，這也不是整個(gè)事情的全貌：還有相當(dāng)數(shù)量的人來(lái)自西非國(guó)家，包括尼日尼亞和加納。這里，多數(shù)人的動(dòng)機(jī)可能主要出于經(jīng)濟(jì)上的考慮。

The EU needs to formulate some common response now, and quickly.These should include: a clearer foreign policy designed to stabilise Syria and Libya.The EU should also urge Turkey to play a fully constructive role.And the EU should put serious financial pressure on Eritrea to reform itself like next-door Ethiopia.現(xiàn)在歐盟需要制定一些通用的應(yīng)對(duì)措施，并且要快。這些措施包括一個(gè)更加明朗的外交政策，旨在穩(wěn)定敘利亞和利比亞。歐盟也敦促土耳其充分發(fā)揮建設(shè)性的作用。歐盟還應(yīng)該對(duì)厄立特里亞施加嚴(yán)肅的財(cái)政壓力，促使其像其鄰國(guó)埃塞俄比亞一樣，進(jìn)行改革。

The EU also needs a common definition as to who qualifies as a refugee and who can be sent back fast to safe countries of origin.A quota system to distribute refugees makes sense to process their claims fast.歐盟也需要一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的定義，以區(qū)分誰(shuí)有資格作為難民，以及誰(shuí)可以被快速安全地送回原籍國(guó)。按配額制度實(shí)施難民分配，對(duì)于快速處理難民請(qǐng)求還是非常有幫助的。

But those who are accepted may ultimately move to where the jobs are and not respect an initial quota distribution between, say, Germany and Hungary or Britain and France for very long.但那些被接收的難民可能最終前往有工作的地方，并不遵從最初的配額分配，比如在德國(guó)和匈牙利之間，或英國(guó)和法國(guó)之間。

So what economic benefits are likely? Well migration does represent a small stimulus to aggregate demand.Economists estimate that extra spending on migration-related issues may amount to 0.3% to 0.4% of annual GDP in Germany.Similar results could be expected in a few other countries like Britain or the Netherlands.Some countries may even use immigration as a reason to exceed fiscal targets.那么，這會(huì)給經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)哪些實(shí)惠呢？妥善處理的外來(lái)移民確實(shí)會(huì)給總需求帶來(lái)一點(diǎn)小小的激勵(lì)。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)，與移民問(wèn)題相關(guān)的額外開(kāi)支在德國(guó)年GDP中占據(jù)0.3%-0.4%的份額。其他國(guó)家，比如英國(guó)或者荷蘭，情況也大致相似。還有些國(guó)家甚至可能以外來(lái)移民作為理由，超額實(shí)現(xiàn)財(cái)政目標(biāo)。

On balance, the result could be a near-term stimulus to demand of some 0.2% of Eurozone GDP for the current half of 2015 and probably the same for 2016.總之，這一結(jié)果可能對(duì)需求有短期的刺激作用，對(duì)2015年上半年而言，在歐元區(qū)GDP中的貢獻(xiàn)占據(jù)0.2%，也許2016年也是如此。

Longer term as the refugees integrate and work the GDP benefits will be greater.The consultancy Oxford Economics, for example, estimates that the inflow of refugees into Germany may add 0.6% to GDP by the end 2020 and cut inflationary pressures by 0.2 percentage points to 1.6%.長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看，隨著難民的與當(dāng)?shù)厝诤霞熬蜆I(yè)，GDP貢獻(xiàn)率會(huì)更高。比如，咨詢公司牛津經(jīng)濟(jì)研究院估計(jì)，流入德國(guó)的難民，截止到2020年年底，會(huì)為GDP貢獻(xiàn)0.6%的增長(zhǎng)，并把通脹壓力縮減0.2個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，下降到1.6%。

Oxford Economics say their numbers do take into account the argued negative side of large scale immigration surges such as Housing shortages , rising rents , increased burdens on the social services , hospitals , schools , policing, not to mention the impact on initial unemployment, and costs to the taxpayer in benefits payments.該研究院還表示，這一數(shù)據(jù)也涵蓋了大量移民涌入的消極影響，比如住房短缺，租金上漲，社會(huì)服務(wù)、醫(yī)院、學(xué)校、警力負(fù)擔(dān)加重、更別提這些因素對(duì)初始失業(yè)的影響，及其對(duì)納稅人福利支付的成本影響等。

These shorter term factors could also have an impact levels of government taxation and with it their ability to meet their short to medium term debt targets.這些短期因素對(duì)政府稅收也有一個(gè)影響級(jí)別，以及在此影響下，政府滿足其短期和中期債務(wù)目標(biāo)的能力。

That generalization made, however, it is also clear that no simple or single policy response can be appropriate.Clearly, the impact that this latest crisis will depend upon its length and depth, and this is still largely unknown and here lies the major difficulty in arriving at an assessment of the impact of the crisis on migration which is the lack of reliable and timely data.然而，也很清楚地是，簡(jiǎn)單單一的政策反應(yīng)是不合適的。顯然，最近這次危機(jī)的影響將取決于危機(jī)的深度和廣度，現(xiàn)在仍不得而知，目前的主要困難在于評(píng)價(jià)移民危機(jī)的影響，但仍缺乏及時(shí)可靠的數(shù)據(jù)。

Everything depends on how quickly the refugees are processed and allowed to work.And given language training.一切都取決于難民能否快速得到安置并允許難民開(kāi)始工作。還有給難民進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言培訓(xùn)。

One of the ironies about Europe’s state of panic about migration across the Mediterranean is that for a number of years policymakers have been warning that Europe’s population is ageing and, in many countries, shrinking.The EU’s total fertility rate is just over 1.5 – you don’t need to be a demographer to work out the long-term implications.If it weren’t for migration, the EU’s working-age population would already be shrinking.歐洲對(duì)于跨越地中海的移民持恐慌態(tài)度，而歐洲的政策制定者多年來(lái)一直嚷著歐洲多國(guó)人口正在老齡化，在萎縮，這真的是頗具諷刺意義。歐洲的整體生育率才剛剛超過(guò)1.5，你不需要成為人口學(xué)家也能算出這其中的長(zhǎng)期含義。要不是外來(lái)移民，歐洲的勞動(dòng)年齡人口應(yīng)該已經(jīng)萎縮了。

Last year, deaths exceeded births in both Greece and Italy – where the vast majority of the migrants arrived – and in Germany, where the largest number end up.Like that of the UK, Germany’s economy is creating jobs faster than the natives can fill them.去年，希臘和意大利的死亡率超過(guò)出生率，現(xiàn)在大批的移民去了希臘和意大利，然而最終在德國(guó)安定下來(lái)的最多。與英國(guó)相比，德國(guó)創(chuàng)造工作崗位的速度大于其崗位填補(bǔ)的速度。

But to realise this supply potential for GDP growth it is vital that recipient countries keep their labour markets flexible and upgrade their education systems.但要這種潛在的供給實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)GDP增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)，接收國(guó)一定要保持勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)的靈活性，并升級(jí)教育體系。

These refugees have taken huge risks to get to Europe.And arguably these refugees often tend to be more entrepreneurial people.Otherwise, why would they have fled? They should be a net long term gain for an economy, not a burden.為了抵達(dá)歐洲，這些難民也承受了巨大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。但無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯的是，這些難民通常更具有創(chuàng)業(yè)精神。否則，他們?yōu)槭裁匆与x呢？對(duì)一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體而言，他們應(yīng)該是長(zhǎng)期的凈收益，而不是負(fù)擔(dān)。

As a British economist we can’t help thinking of the enormous benefits the UK economy has gained over time from the influx of refugees.One only has to think of the Jews fleeing Nazi persecution or the Asian refugees from Uganda.Both groups became highly productive and useful members of British society.And, their descendants are still building on the previous generations heritage today.The worst possible policy response for governments like Germany or Britain would be to tighten employment laws.These two countries are a draw for immigrants thanks to their recent labour market dynamics.Though it is clear that populist opinion is hampering the decision making by respective their governments who are clearly trying to do the right by the humanitarian issues whilst seeking to placate those at home who fear for their own employment and standards of living.作為一個(gè)英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家，我禁不住想到一段時(shí)間后，難民的涌入對(duì)英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的巨大好處。你只要想想猶太人逃離納粹，或者亞洲人逃離烏干達(dá)，就知道了。這兩類人都成為英國(guó)社會(huì)的優(yōu)秀成員，產(chǎn)出很高。他們的后代也在繼承先輩的基礎(chǔ)上，為社會(huì)做出新的貢獻(xiàn)。政府可能做出的最壞的政策反應(yīng)，比如德國(guó)政府或英國(guó)政府，可能就是收緊勞動(dòng)法。由于其勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)的近期動(dòng)態(tài)，德國(guó)和英國(guó)倒是吸引不少移民。顯然，盡管民粹主義的觀點(diǎn)妨礙了各自政府的決定，政府顯然試圖做出正確人道的決策，并試圖安撫那些在家里擔(dān)心自己就業(yè)狀況和生活水平的人。

They are treading a very fine line here because if Britain and Germany make it more difficult to create jobs, they could store-up enormous social trouble for the future.For example, raising minimum wages and tightening rules for temporary work contracts would not seem to be the right policies when you have a rising level of immigrants.他們也是在走鋼絲，因?yàn)槿绻?guó)和德國(guó)難以創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)崗位，那他們就給未來(lái)埋下大量的社會(huì)問(wèn)題。比如，當(dāng)移民水平不斷上升時(shí)，提高最低工資水平，嚴(yán)格臨時(shí)工作合同，似乎就不太明智了。

Immigration is a very contentious issue.It touches upon fundamental questions of culture and national identity.移民問(wèn)題確實(shí)非常棘手。它涉及到文化和民族認(rèn)同上的基本問(wèn)題。

A rise in immigration as we have seen only too well in the last UK election campaign often triggers some right-wing populist backlash.Governments should do their utmost to avoid this happening.在過(guò)去英國(guó)的競(jìng)選活動(dòng)中，移民增加通常激發(fā)右翼民粹主義的回歸。政府應(yīng)盡量避免右翼民粹主義的回歸。

But the bigger story in Europe remains that the Eurozone economy is now creating jobs at a reasonable rate.France currently is an exception to this.But, so long as Europe does not get its policy response badly wrong, Europe can cope with the economic and political impact of immigration.但是歐洲的大背景依然是歐元區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)正以合理的速度創(chuàng)造工作崗位。當(dāng)然，法國(guó)例外。但是，只要?dú)W洲的政治反應(yīng)不要錯(cuò)得太離譜，歐洲依然能解決好移民問(wèn)題的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響和政治影響。

Perhaps the most important lesson to be learned here is the need to distinguish long-term from short-term trends in the migration and development nexus.Clearly EU governments need to continue to prepare for the migrants they need The current thinking and data on migration in general tends to be problematic and this is even starker in the current climate coming as it has amidst the global economic slowdown and with governments in the developed world struggling to keep their respective economies float.The EU needs to work quickly now or the continuing levels of dissention will eat like a cancer into the very heart of the Union and the new found levels of confidence in the euro will quickly erode once gain putting the currency under threat once more.As we have noted in previous reviews on the Greek crisis the fate of the single currency remains under threat and has most bank research analysts looking for parity with the dollar within the next twelve months This is primarily because more QE will be needed for longer to help the Eurozone economy grow again.This also means interest rates will also remain low as the ECB battles to inject more life into the Eurozone economy.But while this is going on US growth is likely to remain steady to possibly rising further despite the recent anxiety over last week’s Fed decision to keep rates on hold for at least another month or so.In this environment then a decisive and coordinated action plan over the immigrant issue can only help to restore some much needed confidence in the market all round.也許，這里最重要的教訓(xùn)，是需要區(qū)分移民和發(fā)展關(guān)系中的長(zhǎng)期趨勢(shì)和短期趨勢(shì)。顯然，歐洲政府要繼續(xù)為他們需要的移民做準(zhǔn)備。目前關(guān)于移民的想法和數(shù)據(jù)，總體來(lái)說(shuō)，是有問(wèn)題的，甚至在當(dāng)前背景下看是刻板的，因?yàn)闅W洲也處于全球經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑的大背景下，發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的政府也正努力保持各自的經(jīng)濟(jì)浮動(dòng)。歐洲現(xiàn)在必須要行動(dòng)快，否則分歧的持續(xù)升級(jí)會(huì)像癌癥一樣侵蝕歐盟的心臟，歐元新建起來(lái)的信心也將再次迅速消失，讓歐元再一次受到威脅。我們?cè)谇皫灼谙ＥD危機(jī)的評(píng)論中指出，單一貨幣的命運(yùn)依然受到威脅，多數(shù)銀行的研究員都預(yù)計(jì)未來(lái)12個(gè)月里，歐元兌美元將跌至平價(jià)。這主要是因?yàn)闅W洲經(jīng)濟(jì)的再次增長(zhǎng)需要更多的量化寬松支持。這也表明利率將繼續(xù)保持低位，因?yàn)闅W洲央行意欲給歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)注入更多活力。但與此同時(shí)，美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)可能依然穩(wěn)定，也可能進(jìn)一步增長(zhǎng)，盡管擔(dān)心上周美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)決定把利率不變的狀態(tài)至少再維持一個(gè)月或更久。在此背景下，針對(duì)移民問(wèn)題作出一個(gè)果斷和協(xié)調(diào)一致的行動(dòng)計(jì)劃只能有助于重拾市場(chǎng)必須的一些信心。

This has been Alex Heath reporting to you for GKFX

這就是本期的Alex Health 視頻報(bào)道。

Goodbye and….Thanks for watching

再見(jiàn)，感謝您的觀看。

第四篇：沃爾瑪誠(chéng)信危機(jī)升級(jí)

沃爾瑪誠(chéng)信危機(jī)升級(jí)

? 日期:20111014

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? 作者： 來(lái)源：經(jīng)濟(jì)導(dǎo)報(bào) 【 查看PDF版】

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◆導(dǎo)報(bào)記者 邵好 濟(jì)南報(bào)道

出售假冒“綠色豬肉”的重慶沃爾瑪或?qū)⒚媾R嚴(yán)厲懲處。9日，重慶市食品安全工作新聞發(fā)布會(huì)宣布，當(dāng)日起，沃爾瑪在重慶的10家分店將陸續(xù)接受15天的停業(yè)整頓處罰。其中，7家分店已于9日停業(yè)，其余3家待調(diào)查取證完成后再予以實(shí)施。對(duì)此，沃爾瑪官方表示，已經(jīng)同意重慶市工商局作出的處罰決定，決定將沃爾瑪在重慶當(dāng)?shù)氐?3家門店全部暫停營(yíng)業(yè)15天?！拔譅柆?shù)默F(xiàn)象并非個(gè)案，其他超市可能也存在類似問(wèn)題。沃爾瑪?shù)谋魂P(guān)注度比較高，且暴露出的問(wèn)題在行業(yè)內(nèi)的影響也比較大?！?3日，中國(guó)人民大學(xué)商學(xué)院營(yíng)銷系副教授牛海鵬接受經(jīng)濟(jì)導(dǎo)報(bào)記者采訪時(shí)表示。涉案37人罰款269萬(wàn)元12日，導(dǎo)報(bào)記者在沃爾瑪濟(jì)南泉城路店采訪時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)，“綠色豬肉”并沒(méi)有在濟(jì)南沃爾瑪超市內(nèi)銷售。“濟(jì)南沃爾瑪沒(méi)有賣過(guò)綠色豬肉?！痹摰晟r部工作人員告訴導(dǎo)報(bào)記者。在該工作人員的指引下，導(dǎo)報(bào)記者看到，肉類產(chǎn)品專區(qū)內(nèi)擺放著兩個(gè)品牌的豬肉產(chǎn)品，分別為普通豬肉和“無(wú)公害豬肉”，均沒(méi)有“綠色豬肉”。一位濟(jì)南市民也告訴導(dǎo)報(bào)記者，并未在該沃爾瑪超市見(jiàn)過(guò)“綠色豬肉”。今年9月初，沃爾瑪重慶分店被指銷售假冒“綠色豬肉”。在相關(guān)部門的調(diào)查下，重慶沃爾瑪出售假冒綠色豬肉的行為被曝光：自去年1月以來(lái)，重慶沃爾瑪鳳天分店、松青路分店等多家分店以普通豬肉冒充“綠色食品”豬肉對(duì)外銷售，涉案銷售金額190萬(wàn)余元。事發(fā)后，重慶市工商局依法沒(méi)收其違法所得，并處罰款269萬(wàn)元。12日，重慶警方打假總隊(duì)通報(bào)稱，由于涉嫌用普通豬肉假冒“綠色豬肉”銷售，欺騙消費(fèi)者，沃爾瑪“重慶事件”涉案人員已達(dá)37人。其中，已有25人被刑事拘留，2人被逮捕，7人被監(jiān)視居住，另有3人被取保候?qū)?。值得注意的是，這并不是沃爾瑪?shù)谝淮问芰P，入駐重慶5年來(lái)，沃爾瑪多家門店因銷售過(guò)期食品、不合格食品和虛假宣傳等行為，累計(jì)已被工商部門處罰21次，僅今年就被處罰了9次。管理不嚴(yán)漏洞頻出

“或許沃爾瑪并非為了利益有意欺詐、做假，畢竟這是一家全球性企業(yè)，問(wèn)題曝光后會(huì)對(duì)其信譽(yù)和形象產(chǎn)生不利影響，而通過(guò)做假帶來(lái)的利潤(rùn)并不大?！迸：ｙi說(shuō)。牛海鵬認(rèn)為，沃爾瑪多次受罰問(wèn)題出在管理上，其在進(jìn)貨檢驗(yàn)、商品管理等問(wèn)題上可能存在漏洞。因?yàn)楣芾碇贫缺就粱粡氐椎?，不能及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)和避免管理漏洞。沃爾瑪作為零售商，所售產(chǎn)品大部分并非自產(chǎn)，雖然問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)在銷售環(huán)節(jié)，但是牛海鵬認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)反思和考問(wèn)整個(gè)商品流通鏈條?！皬纳a(chǎn)到流通，每個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)都應(yīng)當(dāng)嚴(yán)格把關(guān)。產(chǎn)品出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，上下游都不能推卸責(zé)任?！彼f(shuō)。牛海鵬認(rèn)為，相關(guān)的監(jiān)管部門也應(yīng)該對(duì)此作出反思。突擊檢查應(yīng)當(dāng)變?yōu)榻?jīng)常性、持續(xù)性監(jiān)督，及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。

第五篇：歐洲債務(wù)危機(jī)模擬希臘發(fā)言

近年爆發(fā)的歐洲債務(wù)危機(jī)在歷經(jīng)幾次跌宕起伏後進(jìn)入了暫時(shí)平穩(wěn)狀態(tài)。在這次危機(jī)中，不只歐元區(qū)，甚至全球經(jīng)濟(jì)都籠罩在陰霾之下。而我國(guó)希臘，受到了重大衝擊，爲(wèi)了走出陰霾，推出一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)改革措施已是刻不容緩。應(yīng)對(duì)這一危機(jī)，首先要推行國(guó)內(nèi)的改革。然而，兩年來(lái)的大力度緊縮措施未見(jiàn)成效，反引發(fā)了國(guó)民的反感情緒，令社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩。因此，在新一輪的改革當(dāng)中，我國(guó)將採(cǎi)取較為緩和的緊縮措施，具體如裁減公務(wù)員薪金，以內(nèi)閣官員為首減薪三成，以減少政府開(kāi)支。第二，政府亦將會(huì)致力於打擊貪污、嚴(yán)查偷逃欠稅，例如成立獨(dú)立稅務(wù)調(diào)查組，或召開(kāi)專門會(huì)議等。此舉可望為國(guó)庫(kù)增加超過(guò)100億歐元收入，並使企業(yè)開(kāi)支可以真正投放於提升營(yíng)運(yùn)收益。第三，我國(guó)會(huì)重整國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)正處?kù)独щy局面的金融體系，例如鼓勵(lì)銀行合併或暫時(shí)國(guó)有化銀行，將規(guī)模做大，增加資金流動(dòng)性，提升競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，從而達(dá)到海外融資的條件，獲取更多融資機(jī)會(huì)與發(fā)展資金。更重要的，我國(guó)也將從‘開(kāi)源’方面著手，大力發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)業(yè)，重振本土經(jīng)濟(jì)。以佔(zhàn)國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值最大比例，逾15%的旅遊業(yè)為例，我國(guó)將善用擁有豐富旅遊資源這項(xiàng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，配以希臘古典文化作為賣點(diǎn)，向世界各地推廣希臘旅遊業(yè)，並以提升旅遊業(yè)的國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值百分比至20%為目標(biāo)。我國(guó)更將會(huì)透過(guò)改善旅遊配套（如興建綜合渡假區(qū)、郵輪碼頭以及提升酒店業(yè)服務(wù)質(zhì)素）帶動(dòng)各類周邊產(chǎn)業(yè)，如零售業(yè)、運(yùn)輸業(yè)、建造業(yè)等，從而刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)並降低失業(yè)率。

然而以我國(guó)目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況，單憑一己之力並不足以克服這一難題，因此外界的援助必不可缺。為此，我國(guó)將增加與世界各國(guó)及歐盟和國(guó)際貨幣基金組織的接觸，尋求及爭(zhēng)取更多的資金援助，並申請(qǐng)歐洲穩(wěn)定機(jī)制，以獲取緊急貸款。我國(guó)亦希望通過(guò)與各界商討，修改原有債務(wù)條款，放鬆援助條件，例如將歐盟及國(guó)際貨幣基金組織的赤字控制期限延遲兩年，以便繼續(xù)發(fā)行債券作融資。

雖然各界目前對(duì)希臘的經(jīng)濟(jì)前景態(tài)度並不樂(lè)觀，但正所謂 ?山重水復(fù)疑無(wú)路，柳暗花明又一村?，我們相信憑著新一輪經(jīng)濟(jì)改革措施，輔以各界的援助，我國(guó)的財(cái)政赤字必將慢慢縮小，債務(wù)水平亦將逐步降低。我們會(huì)竭盡所能，為希臘，也為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的未來(lái)創(chuàng)造轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)。

在全球化的大背景下，各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)可謂牽一髮，動(dòng)全身, 歐洲一體化更是不能逆轉(zhuǎn)。如果希臘步冰島之後塵，甚至退出歐元區(qū)，將會(huì)使債權(quán)國(guó)損失上千億歐元，並引起市場(chǎng)新一輪信心危機(jī)，使各國(guó)債務(wù)危機(jī)惡化；那樣的結(jié)果，相信也絕非各國(guó)所樂(lè)見(jiàn)。希臘會(huì)盡最大的努力，做好本份，也希望可以得到各國(guó)的援助和支持。