第一篇:2016-2017學(xué)年小學(xué)六年級(jí)英語語法練習(xí)
2016-2017學(xué)年小學(xué)六年級(jí)英語語法練習(xí)
一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則
1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 5.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù): man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)
I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________ 二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹
【No.1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如:The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。
2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。
3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成
1.be動(dòng)詞:主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:
I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。
2.行為動(dòng)詞:主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如:
We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。
當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞后加“-s”或“-es”。如:Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化
1.be動(dòng)詞的變化。
否定句:主語+ be + not +其它。
如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑問句:Be +主語+其它。
如:-Are you a student?
-Yes.I am./ No, I'm not.特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:Where is my bike?
2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。
否定句:主語+ don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如:
I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如:
He doesn't often play.一般疑問句:Do(Does)+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如:
-Do you often play football?
Yes, she does./ No, she doesn't.特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:How does your father go to work? 動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks 2.以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:
一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______
二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.He often ________(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _______(be)in Class One.3.We _______(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _______(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5.______ they ________(like)the World Cup? 6.What _______they often _______(do)on Saturdays? 7._______ your parents _______(read)newspapers every day? 8.The girl _______(teach)us English on Sundays.9.She and I ________(take)a walk together every evening.10.There ________(be)some water in the bottle.11.Mike _______(like)cooking.12.They _______(have)the same hobby.13.My aunt _______(look)after her baby carefully.14.You always _______(do)your homework well.15.I _______(be)ill.I’m staying in bed.16.She _______(go)to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Tao _______(do)not like PE.18.The child often _______(watch)TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have)eight lessons this term.20.-What day _______(be)it today?
三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。
4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。
5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:
疑問詞不達(dá)意 + be + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞ing? 但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為:
疑問詞不達(dá)意 + be + 動(dòng)詞ing? 動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking 2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting 3.如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí):
一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞:
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空:
1.The boy __________________(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _______________(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _________________(cook)some nice food now.4.What _____ you ______(do)now? 5.Look.They _______________(have)an English lesson.6.They ____________(not ,water)the flowers now.7.Look!the girls ________________(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen)to music.9.It’s 5 o’clock now.We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes? Yes ,she is.、將來時(shí)理論及練習(xí)
一、概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。
二、基本結(jié)構(gòu):①be going to + do;
②will+ do.三、否定句:在be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are)l后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成won’t。
例如:I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句: be或will提到句首,some改為any, and改為or,第一二人稱互換。
例如:We are going to go on an outing this weekend.→ Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、對(duì)劃線部分提問。一般情況,一般將來時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。
1.問人。Who 例如:I’m going to New York soon.→Who’s going to New York soon.2.問干什么。What … do.例如: My father is going to watch a race with me this
afternoon.→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.問什么時(shí)候。When.例如:She’s going to go to bed at nine.→When is she going
to bed?
六、同義句:be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).= I will go swimming tomorrow.練習(xí): 填空。
1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎?是,她要去買一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________.She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.4.你們打算什么時(shí)候見面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet? 改句子。
5.Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)
Nancy ________ going to go camping.6.I’ll go and join them.(改否定)
I _______ go ______ join them.7.I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑問句)
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑問句)_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music after school.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school? 10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
11.Today is a sunny day.We ___________________(have)a picnic this afternoon.12.My brother _______________(go)to Shanghai next week.13.Tom often ______________(go)to school on foot.But today is rain.He ______________(go)to school by bike.14.What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________(watch)TV and ____________(catch)insects?
15.It’s Friday today.What _____she _________(do)this weekend? She ______________(watch)TV and _____________(catch)insects.16.What ___________(d0)you do last Sunday? I ____________(pick)apples on a farm.What ______________(do)next Sunday? I ______________(milk)cows.17.Mary ____________(visit)her grandparents tomorrow.18.Liu Tao ____________(fly)kites in the playground yesterday.19.David ______________(give)a puppet show next Monday.20.I ________________(plan)for my study now 五、一般過去時(shí)
1.一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。
2.Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化:
⑴am 和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。(were not=weren’t)
⑶帶有was或were的句子,其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。
3.句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子
否定句:didn’t +動(dòng)詞原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑問句:在句首加did,句子中的動(dòng)詞過去式變回原形。
如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問句:⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形?
如: What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí):疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式?
如:Who went to home yesterday? 動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則:
1.一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2.結(jié)尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted 3.末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped 4.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的,變y為i,再加-ed,如:study-studied 5.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式:
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 過去時(shí)練習(xí)
寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式
isam_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________ Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)(1)
Name ____________ No.______ Date __________
一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.I _______ at school just now.2.He ________ at the camp last week.3.We ________ students two years ago.4.They ________ on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.6.There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.7.There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8.The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1.It was exciting.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑問句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 2.All the students were very excited.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑問句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 3.They were in his pocket.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑問句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)(2)
Name ____________ No.______ Date __________
一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.I ______ an English teacher now.2.She _______ happy yesterday.3.They _______ glad to see each other last month.4.Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.5.The little dog _____ two years old this year.6.Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.7.There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..8.Today _____ the second of June.Yesterday ______ the first of June.It _____ Children’s Day.All the students ______ very excited.一、用行為動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.He _________(live)in Wuxi two years ago.2.The cat ________(eat)a bird last night.3.We _______(have)a party last Halloween.4.Nancy ________(pick)up oranges on the farm last week.5.I ________(make)a model ship with Mike yesterday.6.They ________(play)chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7.My mother _______(cook)a nice food last Spring Festival.8.The girls ________(sing)and _______(dance)at the party.行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)(2)
Name ____________ No.______ Date __________
一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.I ______(watch)a cartoon on Saturday.2.Her father _______(read)a newspaper last night.3.We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park.(go)4.______ you _______(visit)your relatives last Spring Festival? 5.______ he _______(fly)a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.6.Gao Shan _______(pull)up carrots last National Day holiday.7.I ____________(sweep)the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.8.What ______ she _______(find)in the garden last morning? She __________(find)a beautiful butterfly.過去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)(1)
Name ____________ No.______ Date __________
一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.It ______(be)Ben’s birthday last Friday.2.We all ______(have)a good time last night.3.He ________(jump)high on last Sports Day.4.Helen ________(milk)a cow on Friday.5.She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday.(read)6.He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now.(play)7.Jim’s mother _________(plant)trees just now.8._______ they ________(sweep)the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.9.I _______(watch)a cartoon on Monday.10.We ___________(go)to school on Sunday 過去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)(2)
Name ____________ No.______ Date __________
一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.It _____(be)the 2nd of November yesterday.Mr White ________(go)to his office by car.2.Gao Shan ________(put)the book on his head a moment ago.3.Don’t ______ the house.Mum _______ it yesterday.(clean)
4.What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework.(do)5.They _________(make)a kite a week ago.6.I want to ______ apples.But my dad _______ all of them last month.(pick)7._______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____.(water)8.She ____(be)a pretty girl.Look, she _____(do)Chinese dances.9.The students often _________(draw)some pictures in the art room.10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows.(milk)
六、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)及練習(xí)
一、形容詞的比較級(jí)
1、形容詞比較級(jí)在句子中的運(yùn)用:兩個(gè)事物或人的比較用比較級(jí),比較級(jí)后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級(jí)前面可以用more, a little 來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。
2.形容詞加er的規(guī)則: ⑴一般在詞尾加er ;
⑵以字母e 結(jié)尾,加r ;
⑶以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾,應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ;
⑷以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,先把y變i,再加er。
3.不規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí):
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
二、副詞的比較級(jí)
1.形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別(有be用形,有形用be;有動(dòng)用副,有副用動(dòng))⑴在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動(dòng)詞之后
⑵副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之后
2.副詞比較級(jí)的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級(jí)相同(不規(guī)則變化:well-better, far-farther)
三、練習(xí)
一)、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)
old__________ young________ tall_______ long________
short________ strong________ big________ small_______ fat_________ thin__________ heavy______ light________ nice_________ good_________ beautiful__________________ low__________ high_________ slow_______ fast________ late__________ early_________ far_________ well_______ 二)、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式:
1.My brother is two years __________(old)than me.2.Tom is as ________(fat)as Jim.3.Is your sister __________(young)than you? Yes,she is.4.Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5.Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6.Mary’s hair is as __________(long)as Lucy’s.7.Ben ______(jump)________(high)than some of the boys in his class.8.________ Nancy sing __________(well)than Helen? Yes, she _____.9.Fangfang is not as _________(tall)as the other girls.10.My eyes are __________(big)than ________(she)..11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?
12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?
13._____the girls get up_______(early)than the boys?No,they______.14.Jim runs _____(slow).But Ben runs _____(slow).15.The child doesn’t______(write)as ____(fast)as the students.七、There be 句型與have, has的區(qū)別
1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)
2、在there be 句型中,主語是單數(shù),be 動(dòng)詞用is;主語是復(fù)數(shù),be 動(dòng)詞用are;如有幾件物品,be 動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最*近be 動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動(dòng)詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be 動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。
4、there be句型與have(has)的區(qū)別:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has)表示某人擁有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運(yùn)用:some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定句或疑問句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運(yùn)用:and 用于肯定句,or 用于否定句或疑問句。
7、針對(duì)數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:
How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語?
How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語?
8、針對(duì)主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:
What’s + 介詞短語?
九、用am, is, are 填空
1.I ______ a boy.______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.2.The girl______ Jack's sister.3.The dog _______ tall and fat.4.The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5.______ your brother in the classroom?
6.Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.7.How _______ your father?
8.Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.9.Whose dress ______ this?
10.Whose socks ______ they?
11.That ______ my red skirt.12.Who ______ I?
13.The jeans ______ on the desk.14.Here ______ a scarf for you.15.Here ______ some sweaters for you.16.The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.17.This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.18.The two cups of milk _____ for me.19.Some tea ______ in the glass.20.Gao shan's shirt _______ over there.21.My sister's name ______Nancy.22.This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.23.______ David and Helen from England?
24.There ______ a girl in the room.25.There ______ some apples on the tree.26._______ there any kites in the classroom?
27._______ there any apple juice in the bottle?
28.There _______ some bread on the plate.29.There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.30.You, he and I ______ from China.一be的用法口訣!
我用am,你用are,is連著他,她,它;
單數(shù)名詞用is,復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。
變疑問,往前提,句末問號(hào)莫丟棄。
變否定,更容易,be后not莫忘記。
疑問否定任你變,句首大寫莫遲疑。十七\巧記以-o結(jié)尾加-es的詞
A.“兩人兩菜”(hero,negro,potato,tomato)
小學(xué)英語單詞 復(fù)習(xí)總表
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一、學(xué)習(xí)用品(school things)
pen鋼筆 pencil鉛筆 pencil-case鉛筆盒 ruler尺子 book 書 bag 包 comic book漫畫書 post card明信片 newspaper報(bào)紙 schoolbag書包 eraser橡皮 crayon蠟筆 sharpener卷筆刀 story-book故事書 notebook筆記本 Chinese book語文書 English book英語書 math book數(shù)學(xué)書 magazine雜志 dictionary詞典
二、身體部位(body)
foot腳 head頭 face臉 hair頭發(fā) nose鼻子 mouth嘴 eye眼睛 ear耳朵 arm手臂 hand手 finger手指 leg腿 tail尾巴
三、顏色(colours)
red紅 blue藍(lán) yellow黃 green綠 white白 black黑 pink粉紅 purple紫 orange橙 brown棕
四、動(dòng)物(animals)
cat貓 dog狗 pig豬 duck鴨 rabbit兔子
horse馬 elephant大象 ant螞蟻 fish魚 bird鳥 eagle鷹 beaver海貍 snake蛇 mouse鼠 squirrel松鼠 kangaroo袋鼠 m猴子 panda熊貓 bear熊 lion獅 tiger老虎 fox狐貍 zebra斑馬 deer鹿 giraffe長(zhǎng)頸鹿 goose鵝 hen母雞 turkey火雞 lamb小羊 sheep綿羊 goat山羊 cow奶牛 d驢 squid魷魚 lobster龍蝦 shark鯊魚 seal海豹 sperm whale抹香鯨 killer whale虎鯨
五、人物(people)
friend朋友 boy男孩 girl女孩 mother母親 father父親 sister姐妹 brother兄弟 uncle叔叔 man男人 woman女人 Mr先生 Miss小姐 lady女士 mom媽媽 dad爸爸 parents父母 grandma/grandmother(外)祖母 grandpa/grandfather(外)祖父 aunt阿姨 cousin堂表兄弟姐妹 son兒子 baby嬰兒 kid小孩 classmate同學(xué) queen女王 visitor參觀者 neighbour鄰居 principal校長(zhǎng) university student大學(xué)生
pen pal筆友 tourist施行者 people人物 robot機(jī)器人
六、職業(yè)(job)
teacher教師 student學(xué)生 doctor醫(yī)生 nurse護(hù)士 driver司機(jī) farmer農(nóng)民 singer歌唱家 writer作家 actor男演員 actress女演員 artist畫家 TV reporter電視臺(tái)記者 engineer工程師 accountant會(huì)計(jì) policeman(男)警察 salesperson銷售員 cleaner清潔工 baseball player棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)員 assistant售貨員 policeman警察
七、食品、飲料(food& drink)
rice米飯 bread面包 beef牛肉 milk牛奶
water水 egg蛋 fish魚 tofu豆腐 cake蛋糕 hot dog熱狗 hamburger漢堡包
曲奇French fries暑條 biscuit餅干 jam果醬 noodles面條 meat肉 chicken雞肉 pork豬肉 mutton羊肉 vegetable蔬菜 salad沙拉 soup湯
ice冰 ice-cream冰淇淋 Coke可樂 juice果汁 tea茶 coffee咖啡 breakfast早餐 lunch午餐 dinner晚餐
八、水果、蔬菜(fruit& vegetable)
apple蘋果 banana香蕉 pear梨 orange橙
watermelon西瓜 grape葡萄 eggplant茄子 green beans青豆 tomato西紅柿 potato土豆 peach桃子 strawberry草莓 cucumber黃瓜 onion洋蔥 carrot胡蘿卜 cabbage卷心菜
九、衣服(clothes)
jacket夾克衫 shirt襯衫 T-shirt T恤衫 skirt短裙子 dress連衣裙 jeans牛仔褲pants褲子 socks襪子 shoes鞋子 sweater毛衣 coat上衣 raincoat雨衣 shorts短褲 sneakers網(wǎng)球鞋 slippers拖鞋 sandals涼鞋 boots靴子 hat帽子 cap鴨舌帽 sunglasses太陽鏡
tie領(lǐng)帶 scarf圍巾 gloves手套
十、交通工具(vehicles)
bike自行車 bus公共汽車 train火車水 boat小船 ship輪船 yacht快艇 car小汽車 taxi出租車 jeep吉普車 van小貨車 plane飛機(jī) subway地鐵 motor cycle摩托車
十一、雜物(other things)
window窗戶door門 desk課桌chair椅子bed床computer 計(jì)算機(jī)board寫字板 fan風(fēng)扇 light燈
teacher’s desk講臺(tái) picture圖畫;照片 wall墻壁 floor地板 curtain窗簾 trash bin垃圾箱 closet壁櫥 mirror鏡子 end table床頭柜 football足球 presen禮物 walkman隨身聽 lamp臺(tái)燈 phone電話 sofa沙發(fā) shelf書架 fridge冰箱 table桌子 TV電視 air-conditioner空調(diào) key鑰匙 lock鎖 photo照片 chart圖表 plate盤子 knife刀 fork叉 spoon勺子 chopsticks筷子 pot鍋 gift禮物
toy玩具 doll洋娃娃 ball球 balloon氣球
kite風(fēng)箏 jigsaw puzzle拼圖游戲 box盒子 umbrella傘 zipper拉鏈 violin小提琴 yo-yo溜溜 nest鳥窩 hole洞 tube管子 toothbrush牙刷 menu菜單 e-card電子卡片 e-mail電子郵件 traffic light交通燈 money錢 medicine藥
十二、地點(diǎn)(locations)
home家 room房間 bedroom臥室 bathroom衛(wèi)生間 living room起居室 kitchen廚房
classroom教室 school學(xué)校 park公園 library圖書館 post office郵政局 hospital醫(yī)院 cinema電影院 bookstore書店 farm農(nóng)場(chǎng) zoo動(dòng)物園 garden花園 study書房 playground操場(chǎng) canteen餐廳
teacher’s office教師辦公室 gym體育館 washroom盥洗室 art room美術(shù)室 computer room電腦房 music room音樂教室 TV room電視房 flat 公寓 company公司 factory 工廠 fruit stand 水果 pet shop 寵物店nature park自然公園 theme park主題公園 science museum科學(xué)博物館 the Great Wall 長(zhǎng)城 supermarket超市 bank 銀行 country鄉(xiāng)村 village村莊 city城市
十三、課程(classes)
sports 體育 science自然科學(xué) Moral Education 思想品德 Social Studies社會(huì)
十四、國(guó)家、城市(countries& cities)
China/ PRC中國(guó) America/ USA 美國(guó) UK 英國(guó)England 英格蘭 Canada/ CAN加拿大 Australia澳大利亞 New York紐約 London倫敦 Sydney悉尼 Moscow莫斯科 Cario開羅
十五、氣象(weather)
cold 冷的 warm溫暖的 cool 涼爽的 snowy下雪的 sunny晴朗的 hot 熱的 rainy下雨的 windy刮風(fēng)的 cloudy多云的 weather report天氣預(yù)報(bào)
十六、景物(nature)
river河流 lake湖泊 stream小溪 forest森林 path小路 road馬路 house房子 bridge橋 building建筑物 rain雨 cloud 云 sun太陽 mountain大山 sky天空 rainbow彩虹 wind風(fēng) air空氣
十七、植物(plants)
flower 花 grass草 tree 樹 seed 種子 sprout 芽 plant 植物 rose玫瑰 leaf 樹葉
十八、星期(week)
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday weekend周末
十九、月份(months)
January February March April May June July August September October November Decmber
二十、季節(jié)(seasons)
spring summer fall winter 二
十一、方位(directions)
south南 north北 east東 west西
left 左 right右 二
十二、患?。╥llness)
have a fever發(fā)高燒 hurt 疼痛 have a cold 傷風(fēng) have a toothache 牙疼 have a headache 頭疼 have a sore throat喉嚨疼 二
十三、數(shù)詞(number)
one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty二十 thirty三十 forty四十 fifty五十 sixty六十 seventy七十 eighty八十 ninety九十 hundred一百 first第一 second第二 third第三 fourth第四 fifth第五月 sixth第六 seventh第七 eighth第八 ninth第九 tenth 第十 eleventh 第十一 twelfth第十二 二
十四、形容詞(adj.)
big 大的 small 小的 long 長(zhǎng)的 tall高的 short短的 young 年輕的 old老的 strong強(qiáng)壯的 thin瘦的 active 積極的 quiet安靜的 nice好看的 kind 善良的 strict 嚴(yán)格的 smart 聰明的 funny滑稽的 tasty可口的 sweet甜的 salty 咸的 sour酸的 fresh 新鮮 favourite最喜歡的 clean干凈的 tired累的 excited興奮的 angry生氣的 happy 高興的 bored無聊的 sad 難過的 taller更高的 shorter更短的 stronger更強(qiáng)壯的 older更老的 younger更年輕的 bigger更大的 heavier更重的 longer 更長(zhǎng)的 thinner更瘦的 smaller更小的 good好的 fine好的 great棒的 heavy重的 new新的 fat胖的 right對(duì)的 hungry餓的 cute可愛的 little小的 lovely可愛的 beautiful漂亮的 colourful五顏六色的 pretty漂亮的cheap便宜的 expensive貴的 juicy有汁的 tender嫩的 healthy健康的 ill生病 helpful有幫助的 high高的 easy簡(jiǎn)單的 proud 驕傲的 sick生病的 better更好的 higher更高的 二
十五、介詞(prep.)
in在……里面 on 在……上面 under在……下面 near在……附近 behind 在……后面 next to 在……旁邊 over懸在……上面 in front of在……前面 二
十六、代詞(pron.)
I 我 we 我們 you你,你們 he 他 she她 it它 they 他們 my我的 our我們的 your你的,你們的 his他的 her她的 二
十七、動(dòng)詞(verb.)
play 玩 swim 游泳 skate溜冰 fly 飛 jump跳 walk走 run跑 climb爬 fight 打架 swing蕩秋千eat 吃sleep睡覺like喜歡have有 turn轉(zhuǎn) buy買 take拍(照),帶 live 居住 teach 教 go去 study學(xué)習(xí) learn學(xué)習(xí) sing 唱歌 dance跳舞 row劃 read books讀書 do homework做作業(yè) watch TV 看電視 cook the meals燒菜 water the flowers澆花 sweep the floor 拖地 clean the bedroom打掃房間 make the bed鋪床疊被 set the table擺餐桌 wash the clothes洗衣服 do the dishes洗盤子 use a computer 用電腦 do morning exercises 做早操 eat breakfast 吃早餐 eat dinner 吃晚飯 go to school去上學(xué) have English class上英語課 play sports體育運(yùn)動(dòng) get up起床 climb mountains爬山 go shopping去購(gòu)物 play the piano彈鋼琴 visit grandparents拜訪祖父母 go hiking去遠(yuǎn)足 fly kites放風(fēng)箏 make a snowman堆雪人 plant trees植樹
draw pictures畫畫 cook dinner燒晚飯 read a book讀書 answer the phone接電話 listen to music聽音樂 clean the room打掃房間 write a letter寫信 write an e-mail寫電子郵件 drink water喝水 take pictures拍照片 watch insects觀察昆蟲 pick up leaves摘樹葉 do an experiment做實(shí)驗(yàn) catch butterflies捉蝴蝶 count insects數(shù)昆蟲 collect insects收集昆蟲 collect leaves收集樹葉 write a report寫報(bào)告 play chess下棋 have a picnic野餐 get to到達(dá) ride a bike騎自行車 play the violin拉小提琴 make kites做風(fēng)箏 collect stamps集郵 meet遇見 welcome歡迎 thank 謝謝 love 愛 work工作 drink喝 taste嘗 smell聞 feed喂 shear 剪 milk擠牛奶 look看 guess猜 help幫助 pass傳遞 show展示,給……看 use用 clean打掃 open打開 close關(guān)
put放 read讀,看 write寫 paint畫畫 tell告訴 kick踢 bounce彈 ride騎 stop停 wait等 find找 drive駕駛 fold折疊 send送,寄 wash洗 shine照耀 become變成feel感覺 think想 fall掉下 leave離開 wake up醒過來 put on穿上 take off 脫下 hang up掛起來 wear穿 go home回家 go to bed去睡覺 play computer games玩電腦游戲 play chess下棋 do housework做家務(wù) empty the trash倒垃圾 put away the clothes放好衣服 get off下車 take a trip去郊游 read a magazine 讀雜志 go to the cinema 去電影院
B.一句話Negroesandheroesliketoeatpotatoesandtomatoes
C。有生命的加Es,無生命的加-s.
第二篇:小學(xué)六年級(jí)英語語法
小學(xué)六年級(jí)英語語法
1、小學(xué)英語介詞at,in與on在時(shí)間方面的用法
at表示時(shí)間的一點(diǎn);in表示一個(gè)時(shí)期;on表示特殊日子。如:
He goes to school at seven o’clock in the morning.他早晨七點(diǎn)上學(xué)。Can you finish the work in two days.你能在兩天內(nèi)完成這個(gè)工作嗎?Linda was born on the second of May.琳達(dá)五月二日出生。
1>.at后常接幾點(diǎn)幾分,天明,中午,日出,日落,開始等。如:
at five o’clock(五點(diǎn)),at down(黎明),at daybreak(天亮),at sunrise(日出),at noon(中午),at sunset(日落),at midnight(半夜),at the beginning of the month(月初),at that time(那時(shí)),at that moment(那會(huì)兒),at this time of day(在一天的這個(gè)時(shí)候)。
2>.in后常接年,月,日期,上午,下午,晚上,白天,季節(jié),世紀(jì)等。如:in 2006(2006年),in May,2004(2004年五月),in the morning(早晨/上午),in the afternoon(下午),in the evening(晚上),in the night(夜晚),in the daytime(白天),in the 21st century(21世紀(jì)),in three days(weeks/month)三天(周/個(gè)月),in a week(一周),in spring(春季)。3>.on后常接某日,星期幾,某日或某周日的朝夕,節(jié)日等。如:
on Sunday(星期日),on a warm morning in April(四月的一個(gè)溫暖的上午),on a December night(12月的一個(gè)夜晚),on that afternoon(那天下午),on the following night(下一個(gè)晚上),on Christmas afternoon(圣誕節(jié)下午),on October 1,1949(1949年10月1日),on New Year’s Day(新年),on New Year’s Eve(除夕),on the morning of the 15th(15日的早上)等。
2、巧記形容詞的排列順序
當(dāng)兩個(gè)以上形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞,形容詞該如何排 列?為什么不能說a black new pen,而是說成a new black pen? 這里面有無規(guī)則可循? 如果你記住
opshacom這個(gè)為幫助記憶而杜撰的詞,就能掌握英語中形容詞排列的順序。opshacom中p代表opinion,指表示人們觀點(diǎn)的形容 詞,如beautiful,horrible,lovely,nice等; sh代表shape,指表示形狀的形容詞,如long,short,round, narrow等; a代表age,指表示年齡、時(shí)代的形容詞,如old,new,young等; c代表colour,指表示顏色的形容詞,如red,black, orange等; o代表origin,指表示國(guó)籍、地區(qū)的形容詞,如british,canadian,german等; m代表material,指表示材料的形容詞,如plastic,metal,aluminium等。英語中這六類形容詞連用時(shí)就按上述先后順序排列,如a nice long new black british plastic pen 當(dāng)然,實(shí)際語言使用中不可能出現(xiàn)這么多形容詞連 用的情況。
請(qǐng)根據(jù)形容詞排列規(guī)則完成以下練習(xí):
1>.she has a ___ jacket.(leather,brown,beautiful)
2>.he has a ___ car.(american,long,red)
3>.they live in a ___ house.(old,beautiful)
4>.we have a ___ table.(antique,small,wooden)
5>.he has a ___ jumper.(woollen, lovely, red)
6>.she has a ___ ring.(diamond,new,fabulous)
7>.it was a ___ song.(french,old, lovely)
8>.he owns a ___ dog.(black,horrible,big)
9>.she bought a ___ scarf.(gorgeous,silk,pink)
一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用于:、表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。
e.g.It seldom snows here.、表示現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)。
e.g.He is always ready to help others.、普遍真理。
e.g.Action speaks louder than words.、劇情圖片介紹,背景說明,動(dòng)作解說。
e.g.(Tom enters the room_and_sits at the table)
Doctor : What`s your trouble, young man?
Tom : I`ve caught a cold, doctor.、時(shí)間、條件、讓步、方式狀語從句表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)。
e.g.Tomorrow we shall go for an outing unless it rains.與這種時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語常有:
always, often, never, seldom, usually, once, a week, now 等。
二、一般過去時(shí)主要用于:、表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況(包括習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài))e.g.When did you read the novel?
She often came to help us in those days.、談到過去的情況時(shí)
e.g.I didn`t know you were so busy.、談到已死人的情況時(shí)
e.g.Lei Feng was a great communist fighter.與這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語常有:
yesterday, last night, the other day, two months ago, in 1985, then, just now,when, after, as soon as 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,表示主句動(dòng)作開始的時(shí)間。
三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要用于:、表示到現(xiàn)在為止這一時(shí)期中發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況,即多次動(dòng)作的總和。e.g.We have learnt four English songs this month.How many times have you read the novel?
For many days we haven`t seen each other.、表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響的某一已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
e.g.The delegation has left 代表團(tuán)已經(jīng)走了(說明現(xiàn)在不在這里)Look, what you have done.看你干的事。
與這一時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語有:
already, yet, just, ever, never, by now, so far, recently, by the end of this month, since, for 短語,連詞 since 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。
一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別:
一般過去時(shí):重在說明動(dòng)作在過去發(fā)生時(shí)的具體情況(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、對(duì)象、細(xì)節(jié)等)。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):只提起已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(事實(shí))及其影響,不說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)的具體情況。
cf.Have you had your lunch?
What did you have for lunch?
I have ever been to the Great Wall,_and_I went there last summer with my father.注:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表達(dá)的動(dòng)作常具有反復(fù)性,故下面一句是錯(cuò)的:
Have you seen the six thirty`s news program?
應(yīng)改為:
Did you see the six thirty`s news program?
四、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)主要用于:表示過去開始的某一動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,以至延伸到將來,它強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間之長(zhǎng)久。
e.g.I`ve been writing an article.我一直在寫一篇文章。(還在寫)
cf.I`ve written an article.我寫了一篇文章。(已寫完)
It has been raining these days.這些天一直在下雨。
五、過去完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)是一個(gè)相對(duì)時(shí)態(tài),表示過去的過去,只有在兩個(gè)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作相比較時(shí)才可顯示出來。
e.g.As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.注:主從句表達(dá)的動(dòng)作緊接時(shí),即兩動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間沒有明顯時(shí)間上的懸殊或空檔時(shí),主從句都可用一般過去時(shí)。
e.g.Where did your brother study before he joined the army?、過去完成時(shí)可表示截止過去某一時(shí)間動(dòng)作的總或動(dòng)作的結(jié)束。
e.g.By the end of last month.We had reviewed four books
By eight o`clock, he had finished his homework.與這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語常有:
by 1985, by eight o`clock, by then, by the end of last month, by the time when, when, as soon as, before 等連詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,表示主句動(dòng)作結(jié)束的時(shí)間。
六、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主要用于:、表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
e.g.Listen, someone is crying.What are you doing these days?、代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),而含有某種感情色彩。e.g.How are you feeling today?
你今天感覺怎樣?(顯得親切)
He is doing well in his lessons.他的功課很好。(贊揚(yáng))
You are always boasting.你老愛吹牛。(厭煩)、動(dòng)詞 go, come, leave, arrive 等表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)。
e.g.They are leaving for Shanghai.與這種時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語常有:
now, these days, recently, this week 等。
七、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要用于:
表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
e.g.At that time she was working in a PLA unit.那時(shí)她在解放軍某部工作。
What were you doing this time yesterday?
與這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語常用:
at nine o`clock, this time last night, these days, at that time 等。
用 when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句表示主句的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行的時(shí)間。
e.g.When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.注:、while 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句敘述過去的動(dòng)作時(shí),從句常用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。e.g.I read a magazine while I was waiting for the bus.、when 用作并列連詞,意為“這時(shí)”,連接兩分句時(shí),第一句多用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
e.g.I was reading a newspaper when he came in.一般過去時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別:
一般過去時(shí):強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一時(shí)間開始或完成的動(dòng)作。
過去進(jìn)行時(shí):強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
試區(qū)別下面兩句: We were building a reservoir last winter.去年冬天我們?cè)谛藿ㄒ蛔畮?kù)。(可能尚未建成)We built a reservoir last winter.去年冬天我們修建了一座水庫(kù)。(已經(jīng)建成)
八、一般將來時(shí)主要用于:
表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況
e.g.Tom will have a bike of his own.與這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語常用:
tonight, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week, in three hours, two days later 等。
一般將來時(shí)態(tài)與其它結(jié)構(gòu)表將來情況的區(qū)別:
一般將來時(shí)態(tài) :主要從時(shí)間的角度表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。
be going to 結(jié)構(gòu) :①表(主觀上)打算或準(zhǔn)備做某事時(shí)。②表有發(fā)生某事的預(yù)兆時(shí)。
e.g.They are going to have a competition with us in studies.It is going to rain.據(jù)以上區(qū)別,故下面一句是錯(cuò)的:
I am going to be eighteen years old next year.應(yīng)改為: I shall be eighteen years old next year.be about to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu) :意為“剛要做某事”、“馬上要做某事”強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間之緊迫性。
e.g.We are about to discuss this problem.我們將馬上討論這個(gè)問題。
be to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu): 表示按計(jì)劃、安排、規(guī)定將實(shí)施某事或表示注定會(huì)發(fā)生某事。
e.g.When is the train to leave.
第三篇:小學(xué)英語語法內(nèi)容總結(jié)及練習(xí)
小學(xué)英語語法及習(xí)題
一:小學(xué)英語語法總結(jié):
小學(xué)英語語法總體上有如下四大塊:
1.名詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則.2.時(shí)態(tài)(小學(xué)階段有學(xué)系了四種時(shí)態(tài):即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí), 一般將來時(shí),一般過去時(shí))包含
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí): 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能,構(gòu)成,變化(包括動(dòng)詞的變化和句式的變化)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí): 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的概念, 構(gòu)成, 變化(包括動(dòng)詞的變化: 動(dòng)詞+ing的變化規(guī)則;句式的變化)
一般將來時(shí): 一般將來時(shí)的概念, 構(gòu)成, 變化(句式的變化)
一般過去時(shí): 一般過去時(shí)的功能, 構(gòu)成, 變化(包括動(dòng)詞的變化: 動(dòng)詞的過去式的變化規(guī)則, 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式列表)
上述語法內(nèi)容主要的操練方式是兩種: 1.動(dòng)詞的恰當(dāng)方式填空
2.按要求進(jìn)行句式變換.(肯定句,否定句,疑問句之間的互相轉(zhuǎn)化)
一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則
1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù):
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children
foot-feet,.tooth-teeth
fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)
I _________him _________this ___________her ______
watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______
day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________
tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____
thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______
man______ woman_______ paper_______juice___________
water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹
【No.1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如:The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。
2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。
3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1.be動(dòng)詞:主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:
I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。
2.行為動(dòng)詞:主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如:
We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。
當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞后加“-s”或“-es”。如:Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化
1.be動(dòng)詞的變化。
否定句:主語+ be + not +其它。
如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑問句:Be +主語+其它。
如:-Are you a student?
-Yes.I am./ No, I'm not.特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:Where is my bike?
2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。
否定句:主語+ don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如:
I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如:
He doesn't often play.一般疑問句:Do(Does)+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如:
-Do you often play football?
-Yes, I do./ No, I don't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如:
-Does she go to work by bike?
-Yes, she does./ No, she doesn't.特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:How does your father go to work?
動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:
一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________
look _________ have_______ pass_______carry ____
come________watch______ plant_______ fly ________
study_______ brush________ do_________teach_______
二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.He often ________(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _______(be)in Class One.3.We _______(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _______(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5.______ they ________(like)the World Cup?
6.What _______they often _______(do)on Saturdays?
7._______ your parents _______(read)newspapers every day?
8.The girl _______(teach)us English on Sundays.9.She and I ________(take)a walk together every evening.10.There ________(be)some water in the bottle.11.Mike _______(like)cooking.12.They _______(have)the same hobby.13.My aunt _______(look)after her baby carefully.14.You always _______(do)your homework well.15.I _______(be)ill.I’m staying in bed.16.She _______(go)to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Tao _______(do)not like PE.18.The child often _______(watch)TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have)eight lessons this term.20.-What day _______(be)it today?
- It’s Saturday.三、按照要求改寫句子
1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)
___________________________________________________
2.I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句,作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
3.She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句,作肯定回答)
___________________________
4.Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問句,作否定回答)
___________________________________________________
5.We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)
_______________________________________________________
6.He speaks English very well.(改為否定句)
___________________________________________________
7.I like taking photos in the park.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)
________________________________________________________
8.John comes from Canada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)
___________________________________________________
9.She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問句,作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
10.Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改為否定句)
___________________________________________________
五、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方,將正確的寫在橫線上)
1.Isyour brother speak English?__________________
2.Does he likes going fishing?__________________
3.He likes play games after class.__________________
4.Mr.Wu teachs us English.__________________
5.She don’t do her homework on Sundays._________________
三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。
4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。
5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:
疑問詞 + be + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞ing?
但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為:
疑問詞 + be + 動(dòng)詞ing?
動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí):
一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞:
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
go_________ like________write________ _ski___________
read________ have_________ sing________ dance_________
put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
live_______ take_________ come ________get_________
stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空:
1.The boy __________________(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _______________(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _________________(cook)some nice foodnow.4.What _____ you ______(do)now?
5.Look.They _______________(have)an English lesson.6.They ____________(not ,water)the flowers now.7.Look!the girls ________________(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen)to music.9.It’s5o’clock now.We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes? Yes ,she is.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換:
1.They are doing housework.(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2.The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3.I’m playing the football in the playground.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)
_________________________________________________________________
4.Tom is reading books in his study.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)
四、將來時(shí)
一、概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。
二、基本結(jié)構(gòu):①be going to + do;
②will+ do.三、否定句:在be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are)后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成won’t。
例如:I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句: be或will提到句首,some改為any, and改為or,第一二人稱互換。例如:We are going to go on an outing this weekend.→ Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、對(duì)劃線部分提問。一般情況,一般將來時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。
1.問人。Who 例如:I’m going to New York soon.→Who’s going to New York soon.2.問干什么。What … do.例如: My father is going to watch a race with me thisafternoon.→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.問什么時(shí)候。When.例如:She’s going to go to bed at nine.→When is she goingto bed?
六、同義句:be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).= I will go swimming tomorrow.練習(xí):
填空。
1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎?是,她要去買一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________.She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.4.你們打算什么時(shí)候見面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
改句子。
5.Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)
Nancy ________ going to go camping.6.I’ll go and join them.(改否定)
I _______ go ______ join them.7.I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑問句)
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑問句)
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music after school.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow
第四篇:小學(xué)六年級(jí)英語語法總結(jié)
小學(xué)六年級(jí)英語語法總結(jié)
?、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);
標(biāo)志:every、always、usually、often、sometimes。。。。構(gòu)成:主語+be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。
例: Iamsingingeveryday.?、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);
標(biāo)志:new、look、listen。。。
構(gòu)成:主語+be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞ing+其它。
例:look,she’sdancing.?、一般過去時(shí);
標(biāo)志:last、yesterday、ago、was、were。。。
構(gòu)成:主語+動(dòng)詞過去式+其它。
例:Hewassosad.?、一般將來時(shí);
標(biāo)志:tomorrow、inthefuture、nestweekend。。。。構(gòu)成:主語+begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。
例: Iamgoingtobuyabook.
第五篇:小學(xué)六年級(jí)英語語法總結(jié)
基礎(chǔ)短語、句式:
sb like(s)doing sth/to do sth 某人喜歡某事
sb can do sth 某人能做某事;sb don't/doesn't need to do sth某人不用做某事 it's time to do sth 該是(做)···的時(shí)候了
there is(are)sth on/in/under/behind/in front of sth 有···在···的上面/里面/下面/前面.六年級(jí)英語語法知識(shí)匯總
一、詞類:
1、動(dòng)詞:行為動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。
(1)行為動(dòng)詞
原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing,具體判斷方法如下:
(2)be動(dòng)詞
a、Am--was Is--was Are--were 口訣:我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它,所有復(fù)數(shù)全用are。
b、肯定和否定句
I am(not)from London.He /She is(not)a teacher.My hair is(not)long.Hereyes are(not)small.c、一般疑問句 Am I …? Yes, you are.No, you aren’t.Are you/they…? Yes,we/ they are.No,we/ they aren’t.Is the cat fat? Yes, it is.No, it isn’t.is、am、are為一類,一般用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)中。was和were為另一類,一般用于一般過去時(shí)。
(3)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
can、must、should、would、may。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后動(dòng)詞總是用原形。(不受其他任何條件影響)
2、名詞
這里強(qiáng)調(diào)兩點(diǎn):不可數(shù)名詞都默認(rèn)為單數(shù),所以總是用is或者was。
如何加后綴:
a.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-bedsb.以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
c.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries
d.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
e.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù): man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people,Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese3、形容詞(包括副詞)
形容詞表示某一事物或的特征,副詞表示某一動(dòng)作的特征。
形容詞和副詞只有兩種形式:原形和+er。
未作比較的情況下就用原形,比較時(shí)就+er。
兩個(gè)重要特征:as……as中間一定用原形,有than的時(shí)候一定+er。
4、人稱代詞和物主代詞
人稱代詞物主代詞
單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)
主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性(短)名詞性(長(zhǎng))形容詞性(短)名詞性(人稱代詞:
有主格和賓格之分。
一般動(dòng)詞前用主格,動(dòng)詞后用賓格。
物主代詞:
有兩類:形容詞性物主代詞(短的)和名詞性物主代詞(長(zhǎng)的)
一般看后面有沒有名詞,如有,就用形容詞性物主代詞(短的);如無,就用名詞性物主代詞(長(zhǎng)的)。
5、數(shù)量詞
我們學(xué)過兩類:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。基數(shù)用于表示數(shù)量多少,而基數(shù)詞用于表示次序,常在日期中出現(xiàn)。序數(shù)詞的前面一般都加the。
6、冠詞
有a、an、the。a和an的區(qū)別:an用于元音音素(一般就是元音字母aeiou)前,a用于輔音音素前。
二、否定句:
be動(dòng)詞(am、is、are、was、were)+not、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can、must、should)+ not、助動(dòng)詞(do、does、did)+ not
如何將一個(gè)肯定的陳述句改為否定句:
1、看句中有無be動(dòng)詞,如有,直接在be動(dòng)詞后+ not。
2、看句中有無情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,如有,直接在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后+ not。
3、如上述二者都沒有,就應(yīng)用助動(dòng)詞+ not。分四個(gè)步驟:
(1)肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動(dòng)詞的,要加上去,位置在主語(某人或某物)后,動(dòng)詞前。
(2)確定助動(dòng)詞用do、does還是did,根據(jù)句中動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞是原形的助動(dòng)詞就用do,動(dòng)詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動(dòng)詞就用does,動(dòng)詞用過去式的助動(dòng)詞就有did。
(3)在助動(dòng)詞后加not。
(4)原句中動(dòng)詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復(fù)成原形。
強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn),有some的要考慮是否要用any。
三、一般疑問句。
如何將一個(gè)肯定的陳述句改為否定句:
1、看句中有無be動(dòng)詞,如有,把be動(dòng)詞提到句首即可。
2、看句中有無情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,如有,把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到句首即可。
3、如上述二者都沒有,就應(yīng)把助動(dòng)提到句首。分四個(gè)步驟:
(1)肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動(dòng)詞的,要加上去,位置在主語(某人或某物)后,動(dòng)詞前。
(2)確定助動(dòng)詞用do、does還是did,根據(jù)句中動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞是原形的助動(dòng)詞就用do,動(dòng)詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動(dòng)詞就用does,動(dòng)詞用過去式的助動(dòng)詞就有did。
(3)把助動(dòng)詞后提到句首。
(4)原句中動(dòng)詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復(fù)成原形。
強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn),有some的要考慮是否要用any。
四、特殊疑問句。
表示疑問,有疑問詞(在開頭),回答有很多種可能。
常用疑問詞:
疑問詞意思用法
When什么時(shí)間問時(shí)間
What time 什么時(shí)間問具體時(shí)間,如幾點(diǎn)鐘
Who誰問人
Whose 誰的問主人
Where在哪里問地點(diǎn)
Which哪一個(gè)問選擇
Why 為什么問原因
What 什么問東西、事物
What colour什么顏色問顏色
What about。。怎么樣問意見
What day星期幾問星期幾
What date什么日期問日期
What for 為何目的問目的How。。怎樣問情況
How old多大年紀(jì)問年紀(jì)
How many多少數(shù)量(可數(shù)名詞)問數(shù)量
How much多少錢;多少數(shù)量(不可數(shù)名詞)問多少錢或數(shù)量(不可數(shù))How about。。怎么樣問意見
How often多久問頻率
How long多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間問時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度
How far 多遠(yuǎn)問多遠(yuǎn);多長(zhǎng)距離
五、祈使句
表示請(qǐng)求或命令別人做某事或不要做某事。
肯定祈使句一定是以動(dòng)詞原形開頭(有時(shí)有please),否定的祈使句一定是don’t加動(dòng)詞原形開頭(有時(shí)有please)。
把祈使句改為否定句只需在動(dòng)詞前加don’t即可。
六、時(shí)態(tài)
1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中的be動(dòng)詞:
一般用原形:amisare
am用于第一人稱單數(shù)(I);is用于第三人稱單數(shù)(hesheit和其他人名或稱謂,如:Benhis
sister等);are用于第二人稱單數(shù)(you)和所有復(fù)數(shù)(包括第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)we、第二人稱復(fù)數(shù)you;第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)they和其他復(fù)數(shù),如the
children、hisparents等)。
(2)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中的動(dòng)詞:
第一種情況:主語是第三人稱單數(shù)(hesheit 和其他,如Helen、hercousin 等),動(dòng)詞后一般加s或es。
第二種情況:主語不是第三人稱單數(shù),動(dòng)詞都用原形。
(4)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)判斷依據(jù)(如何判斷一個(gè)句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)):
△be動(dòng)詞是am、is、are
△動(dòng)詞用原形或加s、es
△沒有時(shí)間狀語或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具體的時(shí)間
2、一般過去時(shí)
(1)一般過去時(shí)中的be動(dòng)詞:
一般用過去式:waswere
was用于第一人稱單數(shù)(I)和第三人稱單數(shù)(hesheit和其他人名或稱謂,如:Ben、his
sister等);were用于第二人稱單數(shù)(you)和所有復(fù)數(shù)(包括第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)
we、第二人稱復(fù)數(shù)you;第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)they和其他復(fù)數(shù),如the
children、hisparents等)。
(2)一般過去時(shí)中的動(dòng)詞:
一般只有一種情況:+ed
這里強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn),和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)不同的是這里不管主語是第幾人稱,也不管是單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)都加ed。
(4)一般過去時(shí)判斷依據(jù)(如何判斷一個(gè)句子是一般過去時(shí)):
△be動(dòng)詞是was、were△動(dòng)詞加ed
△有表示過去的時(shí)間狀語
現(xiàn)在學(xué)過的常用的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語有:
just nowa moment agoyesterdaylast weeklast nightlast weekendlast yearlast monththree days agotwo weeks
ago
five years agothis morning3、一般將來時(shí)
(1)構(gòu)成形式:
Be going to +動(dòng)詞原形,will + 動(dòng)詞原形
(2)一般將來時(shí)表示動(dòng)作即將發(fā)生或某人打算做某事。
(3)句中往往有tomorrow、soon、next week等詞。
4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
(1)構(gòu)成形式:
Be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的ing形式
這里強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn),兩者缺少其中任何一種都不可以構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
(2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或事情正在發(fā)生。
(3)有用的依據(jù):
一個(gè)句子中既有be動(dòng)詞,又有動(dòng)詞,且動(dòng)詞加了ing ←→ 該句是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
(4)句中往往有now、look、listen等詞。動(dòng)詞過去式、現(xiàn)在分詞的不規(guī)則變化:
be 是——was, were——being
begin 開始——began——beginningbuild 建筑——built——building
buy 買——bought——buying
can 能——could——無
come 來——came——coming
copy 拷貝——copied——copyingdo 做——did——doing
draw 畫——drew——drawing
drink 喝——drank——drinking
drive 駕車——drove——driving
eat 吃——ate——eating
feel 感覺——felt——feeling
find 找尋——found——finding
fly飛——flew——flying
forget 忘記——forgot——forgettingget 得到——got——getting
give 給予——gave——giving
go 去——went——going
grow 成長(zhǎng)——grew——growing
have 有——had——having
hear 聽——heard——hearing
keep 保持——kept——keeping
know 知道——knew——knowing
learn學(xué)習(xí)—learnt, learned——learninglet 讓——let——letting
make 做——made——making
may 可以——might——無
mean 意思——meant-meaning
meet 見面——met——meeting
must 必須——must——無
put 放——put——putting
read 讀——read——reading
ride 騎——rode——riding
ring 響——rang——ringing
run 跑——ran——running
say 說——said——saying
see 看見——saw——seeing
sing 唱歌——sang——singingsit 坐——sat——sitting
sleep 睡覺——slept——sleepingspeak 講話——spoke——speakingspend 花錢——spent——spendingstand 站立——stood——standingsweep 打掃——swept——sweepingswim 游泳——swam——swimmingtake 拿到——took——taking
teach 教——taught——teachingtell 講述——told——telling
think 思考——thought——thinkingwill 意愿——would——無
write 寫——wrote——writi