2010-2014年高考語文近五年試題前五個題目及答案

第一篇：2010-2014年高考語文近五年試題前五個題目及答案

近五年山東高考語文前五個題匯編

2010年

1.下列詞語中加點的字，讀音全都正確的一組是

A.餞別（jiàn）晦澀（huì）鐵柵欄（zhà）渾身解數(shù)（xia）．．．．

B.扒手（pá）吱聲（zī）和稀泥（h?）步履蹣跚（pán）．．．．

C.蓄養(yǎng)（xù）寒噤（jìn）露馬腳（l?u）捫心自問（man）．．．．

D.順?biāo)欤╯uí）什錦（shǐ）蒸餾水（liú）兵不血刃（xua）．．．．

2.下列各句中,沒有錯別字的一組是

A.依稀澎漲戈壁灘云蒸霞蔚B.涵蓋陰霾捉謎藏烘云托月

C.貽誤甬道交際舞寥若晨星D.吆喝緒論擦邊球名門旺族

3、下列語句中，標(biāo)點符號使用正確的一項是

A.國慶節(jié)移至，一座“天安門模型”擺在廣場上。“天安門”前花團(tuán)錦蔟，增添了濃濃的節(jié)日氣氛，行人紛紛駐足觀看，爭相與“天安門”合影留念。

B.人活在世界上，必須處理好三個關(guān)系；人與自然的關(guān)系；人與人的關(guān)系，包括家庭關(guān)系；個人想想感情矛盾與平衡的關(guān)系。處理得好，生活才能愉快。

C.朱熹49歲那年，上書建議朝延重修了白鹿洞書院，并親自制訂學(xué)規(guī)，提出：“博學(xué)之，審間之，灌思之，明辨之，篤行之”的治學(xué)方法。

D.藝術(shù)節(jié)期間，這個縣將舉辦形式多樣的文藝演出活動、科技下鄉(xiāng)活動、內(nèi)容獨特的文物、風(fēng)情、美術(shù)、攝影展覽，以及大規(guī)模的經(jīng)貿(mào)活動。

4.下列語句中，加點的詞語使用最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁検?/p>

A.在浦東國際場邊檢大廳，有這樣一位服務(wù)標(biāo)兵，她無論出瑞哪里，臉上始終掛著一抹微笑，真誠、甜美、親切，讓人難以釋懷。．．

B.這六位老人，年紀(jì)最小的也已82歲，都是參加過抗戰(zhàn)的老兵。如今，雖已是古稀之年，但他們都．．

還精神矍鑠，思路清晰，回憶起當(dāng)年，感慨萬千。

C.雖然面臨的困難和不利因素很多，但是，作為這項改革實驗的始作俑者，我們有信心也有能力把這．．．．

項工作進(jìn)行下去，并且做得越來越好。

D.地震異地安置區(qū)首批“農(nóng)家樂”開業(yè)，災(zāi)區(qū)民房重建基本完成，學(xué)生提前搬人新校園??紛至沓來．．．．的重建喜訊報告著災(zāi)區(qū)的重生。

5.下列語句中，沒有語病的一項是。

A.中午還是陽光燦爛，但到下午5時左右，老天突然變臉，市區(qū)狂風(fēng)大作，天昏地暗。據(jù)氣象部門監(jiān)測，這次特強(qiáng)沙塵暴瞬間風(fēng)力喧11級，地面能見度0米。

B.記者來到臥龍鎮(zhèn)人民政府南側(cè)的中國臥龍大熊貓博物館前，只見這座被稱為“中國唯一大熊貓博物館”坐落在風(fēng)景秀麗的山下，周圍流水淙淙，綠樹成蔭。

C.世博園開園以來，無論是風(fēng)和日麗還是刮風(fēng)下雨，參觀的人流一直絡(luò)繹不絕。截至5月9日17時30分，累計檢票入園已達(dá)19.59萬人次。

D.昨天上午，一位老人突然暈倒在購物中心，后經(jīng)迅速趕到的120急救中心醫(yī)護(hù)人員以及商場保安、在場群眾的救護(hù)下，老人得到及時搶救，最終脫離了危險。2011年

1.下列詞語中加點的字，每對讀音都不相同的一組是

A.磅秤/磅礴仿佛/佛手瓜刨除/刨根問底B.鑰匙/湯匙漩渦/渦輪機(jī) 調(diào)節(jié)/調(diào)虎離山．．．．．．．．．．．．

C.駐扎/扎實親事/親家母伎倆/仨瓜倆棗D.果脯/胸脯胳臂/長臂猿倔強(qiáng)/強(qiáng)顏歡笑．．．．．．．．．．．．

2.下列詞語中，沒有錯別字的一組是

A.簽署發(fā)貼子雍容華貴萬事俱備，只欠東風(fēng)

B.端詳螺絲釘額手稱慶兵來將擋，水來土掩

C.驚詫震懾力眼花瞭亂一言既出，駟馬難追

D.延襲掃描儀不屈不饒知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)不殆

3.依次填入下列橫線處的詞語，最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊唤M是

辦公人員的座椅高度是非常有講究的。專家___，許多人辦公座椅的高度都存在一定問題，久坐會__疲勞感，并出現(xiàn)腰酸背痛的毛病。正確的做法是：首先根據(jù)工作性質(zhì)把辦公桌調(diào)整到一個__的高度，然后再依據(jù)自身情況來調(diào)整座椅的高度。

A.提出產(chǎn)生適合B.提出引發(fā) 合適C.提醒產(chǎn)生合適D.提醒引發(fā) 適合4.下列各句中，加點的成語使用恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁検?/p>

A.對于這座神秘的古代墓葬，專家們希望能從漫無邊際的史料中找到一些關(guān)于它的蛛絲馬跡。．．．．

B.從長輩們的閑言碎語中，他了解到父親喬明志曾經(jīng)是一位屢立奇功、威名赫赫的抗日英雄。．．．．

C.在44年的記者生涯中，他創(chuàng)作了一批優(yōu)秀的新聞作品，在中國新聞史上留下了濃墨重彩的一筆。．．．．

D．市場調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，國內(nèi)一些商家銷售的紅木家具質(zhì)量良莠不齊，有關(guān)部門提醒消費者選購時要謹(jǐn)慎。．．．．

5.下列各句中，沒有語病的一句是

A.朝鮮藝術(shù)家這次來華表演的歌劇《紅樓夢》，受到了中國觀眾的熱烈歡迎，給予了很高的評價。

B.《尚書》記載，東方的夷人部落民風(fēng)淳樸，人們好讓不爭且取予有度，因此這個部落被稱為“君子之國”。

C.據(jù)西藏自治區(qū)統(tǒng)計局發(fā)布的最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在自治區(qū)常住人口中，藏族人口占九成以上，為271.6萬人。

D.隨著大運會的日益臨近，深圳隨處可見志愿者忙碌的身影，迎接大運會已成為展現(xiàn)志愿者風(fēng)采的廣闊舞臺。

2012年

1.下列詞語中加點的字，每對讀音都相同的一組是

A.星宿/乳臭搭訕/贍養(yǎng)費粗獷/曠日持久B.著實/斟酌礫石/瀝青路鞭撻/紛至沓來．．．．．．．．．．．．

C.嗚咽/獎掖瞋目/撐門面詰難/殫精竭慮D.畜養(yǎng)/體恤鎖鑰/管弦樂迸發(fā)/屏氣凝神．．．．．．．．．．．．

2.下列詞語中，沒有特別字的一組是

A.鑲嵌精萃休閑裝輕描淡寫B(tài)．瑕疵鄙薄邀請賽賠里道歉

C.憮然琵琶和稀泥玲瓏剔透D.推辭觀摩元霄節(jié) 伶牙俐齒

3.依次填入下列橫線處的詞語，最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊唤M是

①春天的腳步近了，大草原上的冰雪漸漸成了朵朵白色的“大蘑菇”，煞是壯觀。

②人與人之間要減少誤會，化解矛盾，和諧相處，那么加強(qiáng)彼此是非常重要的。③每天天還沒亮，位于城郊的農(nóng)貿(mào)市場批發(fā)市場就起來，人們又開始了一天的勞作。

A.溶化溝通喧嘩 B.溶化勾通喧鬧C.融化勾通喧嘩 D.融化溝通喧鬧

4.下列各句中，加點的成語使用恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁検?/p>

A.在這次演講比賽中，來自基層單位的選手個個表現(xiàn)出色，他們口若懸河，巧舌如簧，給大家留下．．．．

了深刻印象。

.B.陶淵明早年曾幾度出仕，后來因為不滿當(dāng)時黑暗腐敗的政治而走上歸隱之路，過起了瓜田李下的．．．．田園生活。

C.抗洪救災(zāi)形勢嚴(yán)峻，各級領(lǐng)導(dǎo)都堅守崗位，沒有擅離職守，久假不歸現(xiàn)象，確保了人民群眾生命．．．．

財產(chǎn)的安全。

D.五四時期，革命青年為救亡圖存、振興中華而奔走呼號，奮不顧身，表現(xiàn)出高尚的愛國情操和不．．．．

屈的斗爭精神。

5.下列各句中，沒有語病，句意明確的一句是

A.近視患者都應(yīng)當(dāng)接受專業(yè)醫(yī)師的檢查，選配合適的眼鏡，切忌不要因為怕麻煩、愛漂亮而不戴眼鏡。

B.本市國稅局繪制出“稅源分布示意略圖”，解決了稅源管理轄區(qū)劃分不清、爭議扯皮等問題的發(fā)生。

C.為加強(qiáng)國際交流，提高山東環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)水平，省政府?dāng)M舉辦“生態(tài)山東建設(shè)高層論壇”暨第五屆環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)博覽會。

D.日本在野黨強(qiáng)烈指責(zé)財務(wù)大臣“口無遮攔”，公開談及政府去年入市干預(yù)日元具體匯率的行為是極不付責(zé)任的。

2013年

1．下列詞語中加點的字，讀音全都正確的一項是

A．校訂（jiào）戛然（jiá）佝僂病（gōu）自怨自艾（yì）．．．．

B．降服（xiáng）驚詫（chà）超負(fù)荷（ha）流水淙淙（zōng）．．．．

C．奇葩（p?。╇伢w（t?ng）拗口令（ào）三緘其口（jiān）．．．．

D．稱職（chan）諂媚（chǎn）一剎那（shà）良莠不齊（yǒu）．．．．

2.下列各句中，沒有錯別字的一句是

A．五臺山位于山西東北部，是我國著名的佛教勝地，山上有許多寺院，善男信女絡(luò)繹不絕。

B．釣魚島及其附屬島嶼自古以來就是中國的故有領(lǐng)土，這在歷史和法理上都是清楚的。

C．作為一位大山深處的鄉(xiāng)村教師，他不單給孩子們上課、輔導(dǎo)，還細(xì)心照料他們的生活。

D．對峙的雙方情緒激動，箭拔弩張，幸虧民警及時趕到，才避免了—起暴力事件的發(fā)生。

3.下列各句中，加點詞語使用正確的一句是

A．陽春三月，一位老人在杭州西湖岸邊展示他高超的拳腳功夫，引來許多行人側(cè)目觀賞。．．

B．大學(xué)畢業(yè)已經(jīng)十年了，其間，他換過幾種不同性質(zhì)的工作，但始終沒有放棄專業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)。．．

C．老王一直熱衷于收藏，每當(dāng)?shù)玫叫膬x的藏品，喜悅的心情總讓他如坐春風(fēng)，夜不成寐。．．．．

D．此前中國航空西南分公司一直與四川航空公司鼎足而立，所占市場份額相差無幾。．．．．

4.下列各句中，標(biāo)點符號使用正確的一句是

A．最近兩天，京津地區(qū)、華北中南部、黃淮、江淮、漢水流域、貴州等地的日平均氣溫達(dá)到了入夏以來的最高值。

B．《新民叢報》雖然名為“報”，其實卻是期刊，是梁啟超等人于1902年在日本橫濱創(chuàng)辦的，曾產(chǎn)生過較大影響。

C．在市場競爭日益激烈的當(dāng)下，他不得不認(rèn)真思考公司的業(yè)績?yōu)槭裁磿禄?，怎樣才能打開產(chǎn)品的銷路？

D．新鮮大米，手感滑爽，米粒光潔，透明度好，腹白很?。琢Ｉ铣嗜榘咨牟糠郑龀龅拿罪埱?/p>

香可口。

5.下列各句中，沒有語病、句意明確的一句是

A．警察反復(fù)觀察了兩個目擊者提供的彈殼，并進(jìn)行技術(shù)分析，確定它們和從案發(fā)現(xiàn)場得到的彈殼并不是出自同一支槍。

B．跟隨廣播學(xué)習(xí)英語不失為一種有效的方法，不過大部分電臺英語廣播的語速較快，對于初學(xué)英語的人聽起來確實感到困難。

C．這種新研制的牙膏香氣濃郁，清新爽口，去污潔齒力強(qiáng)，而且不損傷牙釉質(zhì)，能保持牙齒潔白光亮，深受消費者喜愛。

D．當(dāng)今的世界，各個國家、地區(qū)相互依存，已經(jīng)形成了你中有我、我中有你的格局，是—個經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的時代。

2014年

1．下列詞語中加點的字，每對讀音都不相同的一項是（）

A．湛藍(lán)／斟酌崛起／倔脾氣提防／醍醐灌頂B．躋身／犄角女紅／彩虹橋溝壑／豁然開朗．．．．．．．．．．．．

C．毛胚／胚芽蒜薹／跆拳道拙劣／咄咄逼人D．勁敵／浸漬咆哮／酵母菌著陸／著手成春．．．．．．．．．．．．

2.下列詞語中，沒有錯別字的一項是（）

A．纏綿梗概打寒噤震聾發(fā)聵B．扼守晉升伏臥撐杞人憂天

C．濫觴脈博搖籃曲大快朵頤D．傴僂馴順笑吟吟鋤強(qiáng)扶弱

3.依次填入下列橫線處的詞語，最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁検牵ǎ?/p>

1本報這次開展的討論，受到了社會各界的普遍關(guān)注，稿件之多，范圍之廣，________之強(qiáng)烈○

出乎意料。

2有關(guān)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在會議上強(qiáng)調(diào)，要重視秋冬季森林防火工作，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)災(zāi)情，就要及時處置，嚴(yán)防火○

勢________。

3這幾年雖然很艱難，但我的付出________沒有白費，經(jīng)過刻苦的學(xué)習(xí)和長期的實踐，我練就了○

比較過硬的本領(lǐng)。

1反映○2曼延○3總算B．○1反應(yīng)○2蔓延○3總算C．○1反映○2蔓延○3終于D．○1反應(yīng)○2曼延○3終于 A．○

4.下列各句中，加點的成語使用正確的一句是（）

A．嚴(yán)冬的夜晚，凜冽的北風(fēng)從后窗縫里灌進(jìn)來，常常把人們從睡夢中凍醒，讓人不寒而栗。．．．．

B．這次軍事演習(xí)，藍(lán)軍一度處于劣勢，他們在關(guān)鍵時刻反戈一擊，才奪回了戰(zhàn)場上的主動權(quán)。．．．．

C．在座談會上，代表們結(jié)合實際情況，廣開言路，暢所欲言，為本地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展獻(xiàn)計獻(xiàn)策。．．．．

D．從文章風(fēng)格看，《莊子》奇幻，《孟子》雄辯，《荀子》渾厚，《韓非子》峻峭，實在是各有千秋。．．．．

5.下列各句中，沒有語病、句意明確的一句是（）

A．這次招聘，一半以上的應(yīng)聘者曾多年擔(dān)任外資企業(yè)大中高層管理崗位，有較豐富的管理經(jīng)驗。

B．我父親是建筑學(xué)家，許多人以為我母親后來進(jìn)入建筑領(lǐng)域，是受我父親影響，其實不是這樣的。

C．熟悉他的人都知道，生活中的他不像在銀幕上那樣，是個性格開朗外向、不拘小節(jié)的人。

D．近年來，隨著房地產(chǎn)市場的發(fā)展和商品房價格的持續(xù)上漲，引起了有關(guān)部門的高度重視

參考答案

2010年

1.A 【試題分析】B項，和huò稀泥，C項，捫mén心自問，D項，順?biāo)靤uì。注意B項吱聲（zī）為方言詞，C項露馬腳（lòu）也是一個容易讀錯的字。

2.C 【試題分析】“膨脹”指物體的體積增大，泛指事物的擴(kuò)大或增長，與水無關(guān)?！白矫?/p>

藏”蒙目相捉或?qū)ふ叶悴卣叩挠螒?，比喻言行故意使人難以捉摸，不是謎語，而是重點在于讓人尋找?！懊T望族”指高貴的、地位顯要的家庭或有特權(quán)的家族，“望”指有聲望，不是興旺

3.B4 D5 A

2011年

1.D解析A．bàng/páng fú/f? páo/páoB．shi/chí wō/wō tiáo/diàoC．zhā/zhā qīn/qìng iǎng/liǎD．fǔ/pú bei/bì jiàng/qiǎng

2.【答案】B【解析】識記并正確書寫現(xiàn)代常用規(guī)范漢字。A．貼——帖C．瞭——繚D．延——沿

3.【答案】C【解析】正確使用詞語。提出：“揭示；提請考慮、討論、接受或采納?！碧嵝眩骸笆箚酒鹜舻氖禄蚝茈y再想起的事,有時是通過告誡的方法引起的；從旁指點,引起注意?！薄疤岢觥笔强陀^的提請考慮；而“提醒”有告誡提醒的主觀意。產(chǎn)生：“從已有的事物中形成新事物。”引發(fā)：“引起，觸發(fā)?！薄爱a(chǎn)生”是從已有的事物中形成，主觀性較強(qiáng)；而“引發(fā)”本身為科技名詞，指要有一定的觸發(fā)點才能發(fā)生。適合：“符合，合宜。”合適：“適合實際情況或客觀要求?！薄斑m合”一般用作謂語,后面帶賓語,“合適”一勝般用作狀語，說明一種狀態(tài)。例：這個女人適合做我老婆，這件衣服我穿著合適。

4．【答案】C【解析】本題考查正確使用成語。A.漫無邊際：形容非常廣闊，一眼望不到邊。也指談話或?qū)懳恼聸]有中心，離題很遠(yuǎn)?！笆妨稀辈荒苡谩皬V闊，望不到邊”修飾，應(yīng)該用“浩如煙?！?。浩如煙海：形容文獻(xiàn)、資料等非常豐富。B.閑言碎語：①不滿意的話；沒有根據(jù)的話。多指人們嘴里傳來傳去的話。②與正事無關(guān)的話。含貶義，與長輩們的身份不符。應(yīng)該用“一言一行”。C.濃墨重彩：用濃重的墨汁和顏色來描繪。形容著力描寫。D.良莠不齊：好人壞人都有，混雜在一起。莠：狗尾草，很像谷子，?；煸诤堂缰?。質(zhì)量不能用“好的壞的”修飾，應(yīng)該用“參差不齊”。參差不齊：形容水平不一或很不整齊。

5.【答案】B【解析】本題考查辨析并修改病句。A．暗中更換主語，造成主語殘缺。前半部分的主語為“歌劇《紅樓夢》”，后半部分轉(zhuǎn)換為“中國觀眾”，應(yīng)在末句加上“中國觀眾”這一主語。C．“據(jù)??”“??顯示”用在一句話中，造成主語殘缺，所以應(yīng)該刪除“據(jù)”。D．搭配不當(dāng)。應(yīng)該把“迎接”去掉。

2012年

1.答案：B解析：A、xiù;shàn;guǎng/kuàng;B、zhuó;li;tà;C、yè;chēn/chēng;jié;

D、xù;yuè;bèng/bǐng

2.答案：C解析：A、精粹； B、賠禮道歉;D、元宵節(jié)

3.【答案】D【解析】融化：指固體(如冰、雪等）受熱變軟或化為流體的過程。溶化：指固體在液體中溶解的過程，具體地說，是指某固態(tài)物質(zhì)，在另一液態(tài)物質(zhì)中分散成單個分子或離子的擴(kuò)散過程。此過程不需加熱，但必須有液體，所以三點水旁“溶”。題中應(yīng)選“融化”。溝通：本指開溝以使兩水相通。后用以泛指使兩方相通連；也指疏通彼此的意見。勾通：暗中串通，貶義詞。應(yīng)用“溝通”。喧鬧：1喧嘩熱鬧：—的集市；2喧嘩吵鬧：大聲—。喧嘩：1形容詞，聲音大而雜亂；2動詞：喧嚷。側(cè)重“熱鬧、吵鬧”，與“起來”搭配，應(yīng)用“喧鬧”。

4.答案：D5.答案：C

2013年

1．【答案】A【解析】B流水淙淙(c?ng)C胴體(d?ng)D一剎那(chà)

2.【答案】C【解析】A“佛教勝地”應(yīng)為佛教圣地”;B“故有領(lǐng)土”應(yīng)為“固有領(lǐng)土”;D“箭拔弩張”應(yīng)為“劍拔弩張”。

3.【答案】B【解析】 A“側(cè)目”形容對對方敬畏或者憤恨，此處用來形容人們欣賞的狀態(tài)是不對的。B此題學(xué)生易誤認(rèn)為“其間”一詞應(yīng)為“期間”，“其間”與“期間”都表示在某段時間里面或某個時期中間，其中“其間”也可以理解為“那段時間里、那個時期中”，但“其間”一詞可以單獨充當(dāng)表示時間的狀語，而“期間”不能單獨充當(dāng)時間狀語，使用時它的前面必須添加修飾語。C“如坐春風(fēng)”指像坐在春風(fēng)中間。比喻同品德高尚且有學(xué)識的人相處并受到熏陶。這里用錯對象。D“鼎足而立”指像鼎的三只腳一樣，三者各立一方。比喻三方面分立相持的局面。

4.【答案】B【解析】 A并列不當(dāng)，“京津地區(qū)、華北中南部、黃淮、江淮、漢水流域、貴州等地”應(yīng)該改為“京津地區(qū)，華北中南部，黃淮、江淮、漢水流域，貴州等地”。C不是疑問語氣而是陳述語氣，故最后的問號改為句號。D把“(米粒上呈乳白色的部分)”放到“腹白”后面，解釋成份要緊貼在被解釋的詞后面。

5.【答案】C【解析】A有歧義，“兩個目擊者提供的彈殼”有歧義。B不合邏輯，主客體顛倒，應(yīng)改為“對于初學(xué)英語的人來說聽起來確實感到困難”。D主賓搭配不當(dāng)，“世界”不是“時代”。2014年

1．A（A讀音分別是zhàn／zhēn，júe／jùe，dī／tí；B讀音分別是jī／jī，gōng／h?ng，ha／hu?；C讀音分別是pī／pēi，tái／tái，zhuō／duō；D讀音分別是jìng／jìn，xiào／jiào，zhu?／zhu?。）

2．D（A震聾發(fā)聵－振聾發(fā)聵，B伏臥撐－俯臥撐，脈博－脈搏。）

3．B（①“反映”多指把情況、意見等告訴上級或有關(guān)部門，動詞；“反應(yīng)”，多指事情所引起的意見、態(tài)度或行動，名詞。②“曼延”，指很長、連綿不斷，如“山路曲折曼延”；“蔓延”比喻像蔓草一樣向不斷向周圍擴(kuò)展，如“火勢蔓延”、“庸俗風(fēng)氣蔓延”。③“總算”，表示經(jīng)過相當(dāng)長的時間以后某種愿望終于實現(xiàn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)心理滿足；“終于”表示經(jīng)過種種變化或等待之后出現(xiàn)的情況，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。）

4．D（“各有千秋”，各有各的長處、特色或存在的價值。A“不寒而栗”，不冷而發(fā)抖，形容非常恐懼。B“反戈一擊”，指掉轉(zhuǎn)武器向自己原來所屬的陣營進(jìn)行攻擊。C“廣開言路”，指領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者或上級部門盡量給下面創(chuàng)造發(fā)表意見的條件。）

5．B（A搭配不當(dāng)，“擔(dān)任”與“崗位”不搭配；C表意不明，“是個性格開朗外向、不拘小節(jié)的人”可以指他在生活中，也可以他指在銀幕上；D成分殘缺，“引起了??”一句缺主語。）

第二篇：英語三級近五年考試試題及答案

2009年6月B Part II Vocabulary & Structure

Directions: This part is to test your ability to use words and phrases correctly to construct meaningful and grammatically correct sentences.It consists of 2 sections.Section A

Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here.You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C)and D).You should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16.What are the essential differences ___________ selling and marketing?

A)between

B)from

C)among

D)for

17.Jack called the airline to ___________his flight to beijing this morning.A)improve

B)believe

C)confirm

D)insure

18.It was in the year of 2002___________they set up a branch company in China.A)as

B)that

C)what

D)which

19.You’d better ___________advice before making a project plan.A)put down

B)take in

C)turn out

D)ask for

20.Young people now live a life-style ___________their parents could hardly dream of.A)which

B)why

C)when

D)where

21.While traveling in France, he __________some everyday French.A)gave up

B)picked up

C)drew up

D)got up

22.Hardly __________ at the office when the telephone rang.A)I arrived

B)I had arrived

C)did I arrive

D)had I arrived

23.To work __________with the machine，you must read the instructions carefully.A)firstly

B)naturally

C)efficiently

D)generally

24.We’ll have to continue the discussion tomorrow __________we can make a final decision today.A)unless

B)because

C)when

D)since

25.If you have three years’ work experience，you will be the right ______ for this job.A)person

B)passenger

C)tourist

D)customer

Section B

Directions: There are also 10 incomplete statements here.You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets.Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26.It is reported that the sports meet was(successful)__________organized.27.Some people think(much)__________about their rights than about their duties.28.It is reported that foreign car sales in the country(rise)__________by 8% last year.29.The adviser recommended that Mary(start)_______ the training program as soon as possible.30.The job pays well and you get a 20-day holiday a year, it’s certainly an(attract)_______offer.31.It(announce)______yesterday that the game wsa to start in a week.32.Because man people will come to the meeting, we need some(addition)_____ chairs.33.No reader is allowed(take)__________any reference book out of the reading-room.34.The course is designed to provide a general introduction to computers and(practice)___skills training.35.We’ve only got one day in Paris，so we’d better(make)____the best use of the time.答案：16-20:ACBDA 21-25:BDCAA

26.successfully 27.more 28.rose 29.(should)start 30.attractive

31.was announced 32.additional 33.to take 34.practical 35.make 來源:考試大-國家英語三級考試站Part III Reading Comprehension

Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill.You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1

Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40.For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C)and D).You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Subways are underground trains，which usually operate 24 hours a day.They are found in larger cities and usually run between the suburbs and the downtown area.Maps and schedules are available from the ticket of rice.If you take the subway often，you can save money by purchasing a monthly pass(月票).City-operated buses run on various routes(線路)and are designed to be at certain places at certain times.Maps and schedules may be posted at certain stops，or they may be available at local banks，libraries，the student union，or from the bus drivers.Buses run mainly during the day.Fare is paid by exact change in coins, or by monthly passes.Taxis are generally more expensive in the United States than in other countries.If you use a taxi，be sure you ask the amount of the fare before you agree to ride.The driver usually expects a tip(小費)of 15 percent of the fare.36.According to the passage, subways as underground trains, which usually run____.A)within downtown areas

B)away from city centers

C)in or outside big modern cities

D)between suburbs and city centers

37.You can get the maps and schedules of the subways________.A)at bus stations

B)at local banks

C)in any bookstores

D)from the ticket offices

38.From the passage we learn that________.A)buses are always available in 24 hours

B)bus riders have to buy monthly passes

C)bus fare is paid by exact change in coins

D)buses are the best means of transportation

39.When you take a taxi, you’d better________.A)buy a monthly pass

B)ask about the fare first

C)agree on the amount of the tip

D)pay by the exact change in coins

40.The passage mainly tells us about________.A)the bus and train fares in the US

B)the ways of paying taxi in the US

C)the public transportation in the US

D)the advantage of subways in the US

Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.Letter 1

Dear Ann，I am going to give a dinner party next month.I want my guests to enjoy themselves and to feel comfortable.What is the secret of giving a successful party?

Letter 2

Dear Mary，Cook something that would let you spend time with your guests，If a guest offers to help you in the kitchen，accept the offer.It often makes people feel more comfortable when they can help.Before serving dinner，while your guests make small talks in the living room，offer them drinks.Some guests may like wine，but make sure to provide soft drinks for people who don’t.At the dinner table，let your guests serve themselves.Offer them a second serving after they finish, but don’t ask more than once.Most guests will take more if they want.Perhaps the most important rule of all is to be natural.Treat your guests as you want them to treat you when you’re in their home—that is，act naturally toward them，and don’t try too hard to be polite.Have a good time in a pleasant atmosphere.41.From the first letter we learn that Mary ________.A)is asking for advice on giving a dinner party

B)knows the secret of giving a pleasant party

C)is going to attend a dinner party

D)has successfully held a party

42.Ann’s first piece of advice is that Mary should________.A)get the food ready before the guests arrive

B)keep the guests away from the kitchen

C)spend some time with the guests

D)accept the guests’ offer to help

43.Ann suggests that Mary offer drinks________.A)while the guests are having small talks

B)when all the guests have arrived

C)after the guests finish small talks

D)after the dinner comes to an end

44.When having dinner，the guests are expected to________.A)eat their food slowly

B)help the host serve food

C)serve each other at the table

D)help themselves to more food

45.The most important rule for Mary to follow in treating her guests is to________.A)be as polite as she can

B)let them feel at home

C)prepare delicious food

D)create a formal atmosphere

答案：36-40:DDCBC 41-45:ADADB 來源:考試大-國家英語三級考試站

Task 3

Directions: The following is a letter.After reading it, you should complete the information by filling in the blanks marked 46 through 50 in no more than 3 words in the table below.E-mail or call Tip Line(舉報熱線)

Have you seen a crime being committed(犯罪)on a bus，train，or near a bus stop，or train station? If you do，email US or call Tip Line.Tip Line

If you would rather give your information by telephone，call the Police Tip Line at 612-349-7222.You can leave information anonymously(匿名地)or leave your name and phone number and an officer will call you back.Call and officer

You can speak directly to any Police Department staff member who receives the call weekdays.8：00 to 16：00.Call 612-349—7200.Contact the Chief

If you haven’t received any reply to your Tip Line information for half a day，directly call 612-349-7I00 or email：chief@metrotransit.org

Report on a Crime

Use Tip Line

1.Tip Line number：612-349-7222

2.Ways of reporting：

1)Give-46-anonymously;

2)Leave your name and telephone number，and wait for an officer to-47-

Call the Police Directly

1.Service time：weekdays,-48-

2.Telephone number:-49-

Contact the Chief

1.Reason：receiving no reply to your Tip Line information for-50-

2.Telephone number：612-349-7100

3.Email：chief@metrotransit.org

答案：46.information 47.call you back 48.8:00 to 16:00 49.612-349-7200 50.half a day

Task 4

Directions: The following is part of an index(索引).After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to(與…等同)those given in Chinese in the table below.Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A—breeze

B—calm sea

C—clear up

D—dry

E—fog

F—heavy snow

G—high seas

H—light rain

I—partly cloudy

J—shower

K—southeast wind

L—storm

M—the highs

N—the lows

O一typhoon

P—wet

Q—windy

Examples：(A)微風(fēng)(O)臺風(fēng)

51.()天氣放晴()大雪

52.()最高溫度()局部多云

53.()東南風(fēng)()小雨

54.()有霧()海面大浪

55.()天氣干燥()暴風(fēng)雨

答案：51.C,F 52.M,I 53.K,H 54.E,G 55.D,L

Task 5

Directions: The following are two advertisements.After reading them, you are required to complete the statements that follow the questions(No.56 to No.60).You should write your answers in no more than 3 words on the corresponding Answer Sheet.Ad 1

Personal Assistant To Sales Manager

We are a small but growing computer software company.We are looking for someone to assist the manager of the sales department in dealing with foreign customers and orders from abroad.If you know English well and have previous experience in this job，and between 2 1 and 30，please writer US a short letter giving details of your previous jobs，current employment，etc.Some knowledge of Spanish and Italian would be an advantage.Write to：

Soft Logic Alfred Street

Winchester

Hants

Ad 2

Part time Drivers

King County Metro is Hiring Part-Time Bus Drivers

Great Pay!Great Bendfits!

Start at$14.50 an hour.Plus paid vacation and sick leave，paid training

Must be 2 1 years or older，have a Washington State driver’s license

and acceptable driving record.Call(202)684-1024

Or log on(登錄)to 004km.cn--the part of the company that gives money to good causes.He said the company’s first project will help identify where

infectious(傳染性的)diseases are developing.In Southeast Asia and Africa, for example, Google.org will work with partners to strengthen early-warning systems and take action against growing health threats.Google.org’s second project will invest in ways to help small and medium-sized businesses grow.Walji says microfinance(小額信貸)is generally small, short-term loans that create few jobs.Instead, he says Google.org wants to develop ways to bring investors and business owners together to create jobs and improve economic growth.Google.org will also give money to help two climate-change programs announced earlier this year.One of these programs studies ways to make renewable(再生的)energy less costly than coal-based energy.The other is examining the efforts being made to increase the use of electric cars.The creators of Google have promised to give Google.org about one percent of company profits and one percent of its total stock value every year.Aleem Walji says this amount may increase in the future.36.The purpose of Google’s investments is to ________.A)help poor people

B)develop new technology

C)expand its own business

D)increase the power of information

37.According to Aleem Walji, the company’s first project is to ________.A)set up a new system to warn people of infectious diseases

B)find out where infectious diseases develop

C)identify the causes of infectious diseases D)cure patients of infectious diseases

38.What kind of businesses will benefit from Google.org’s second project?

A)large enterprises

B)cross-national companies

C)foreign-funded corporations

D)small and medium-sized businesses

39.From the fourth paragraph, we learn that Google’s money is also invested to help ________.A)start more research programs

B)make more advanced electric cars

C)develop renewable and coal-based energy D)conduct studies related to climate changes

40.From the last paragraph we learn that the investments by Google.org come from ________.A)Google’s profits and stock value

B)some international IT companies

C)the company’s own interests

D)local commercial banks

Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.Your boss holds your future prospects in his hands.Some bosses are hard to get along with.Some have excellent qualifications but no idea when it comes to dealing with people.Of course, not all bosses are like that.The relationship you have with your boss can be a major factor in determining your rise up the career ladder.Your boss is not only your leader, he is also the person best equipped to help you do the job you are paid to do.He can inform you of company direction that may affect your professional development.Your boss also needs you to perform at your best in order to accomplish his objectives.He needs your feedback in order to provide realistic and useful reports to upper management.But how does this help you establish a meaningful working relationship with your boss?

The key is communication.Learn and understand his goals and priorities(優(yōu)先的事).Observe and understand your boss’s work style.If he has not been clear with his expectations, ask!Likewise, ask for feedback and accept criticism gracefully.And if he understands that you do not view your job as just something to fill the hours between 9 and 5, he may be more likely to help you.In short, getting along with your boss requires getting to know his likes and dislikes and learning to work with his personality and management style.41.The main idea of the first paragraph is that ________.A)bosses are hard to deal with

B)bosses have good character

C)bosses determine your career future

D)bosses must have similar personality

42.In the second paragraph, ―rise up the career ladder‖(Line 2)means ________.A)going to work abroad

B)changing jobs frequently

C)being promoted in position

D)pursuing an advanced degree

43.In order to achieve his objectives, your boss expects that you will ________.A)do your best in your work

B)show your management skills

C)get along with your colleagues

D)write reports to upper management

44.The most important factor for establishing a good working relationship with the boss is ________.A)high expectations

B)quick feedback

C)frequent criticism

D)effective communication

45.The best title for the passage might be ________.A)How to Take Care Of Your Boss.B)How to Get Along with Your Boss

C)How to Accept Your Boss’s Criticism

D)How to Accomplish Your Boss’s Objective

答案：36-40:ABDDA 41-45:CCADB 來源:考 Task 3

Directions: The following is an announcement.After reading it, you are required to complete the outline below it(No.46 to No.50).You should write your answers briefly(in no more than three words)on the Answer Sheet correspondingly.We welcome you aboard the Eastern Flight and will do our best to make your trip comfortable and enjoyable.For your safety and convenience

To begin the trip, we would like to draw your attention to some safety-related details.These are also explained on the instruction card in the seat pocket in front of you.Seat belts must remain fastened while the ―Fasten seatbelts‖ sign is on.It is advisable to keep them fastened at all times while seated.All flights are non-smoking.The use of mobile telephones is now allowed when the airplane is on the ground.During the flight the use of CD and DVD players is not allowed.For your entertainment

To help you enjoy your trip, we provide a range of newspapers.On our MD-11 and Boeing aircraft, we provide music and video programs.On Airbus A 321/320/319, short videos are shown.Meals and drinks

During most flights we serve you a tasty meal and drinks.Beer, wine and other drinks are served free of charge.Coffee, tea and juice are served free of charge on all domestic(國內(nèi)的)flights.On domestic flights leaving before nine and on all flights to Northern China, a snack is served.Eastern Flight Service

Safety and convenience

1)Seat belts: remain-46-while the ―Fasten seatbelts‖ sign is on

2)Smoking: not allowed on board

3)Mobile phones: used only when the airplane is-47-

4)CD and DVD: not allowed to play-48-

Entertainment provided

1)newspapers

2)music and-49-on MD-11 and Boeing aircraft

Meals and drinks on board

1)meals served on most flights

2)coffee, tea and juice served free of charge

3)a snack served on all flights to-50-

答案：46.fastened 47.on the ground 48.during the flight

49.video programs 50.Northern China

Task 4

Directions: The following is a list of terms related to Security.After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to(與…等同)those given in Chinese in the table below.Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A-----------------air traffic control system

B-----------------armed police

C-----------------crime prevention

D-----------------entry requirement

E-----------------international criminal police organization

F-----------------level of security

G-----------------picket line

H-----------------police station

I-----------------patrolling vehicle

J-----------------safety precaution measure

K-----------------safety control device

L-----------------security command center

M-----------------security service

N-----------------security control center

O-----------------security personnel

P-----------------valid documents

Q-----------------security monitoring and control

Examples:(M)保安服務(wù)(G)警戒線

51.()空中交通管制系統(tǒng)()安全預(yù)防措施

52.()巡邏車()武裝警察

53.()國際刑警組織()有效證件

54.()入境要求()安保人員

55.()安全保障級別()安全監(jiān)控

答案：51.A, J 52.I, B 53.E, P 54.D, O 55.F, Q

Task 5

Directions: The following is a business letter.After reading it, you should give brief answers to the 5 questions(No.56 to No.60)that follow.The answers(in no more than 3 words)should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.Dear Mr.Smith，I am pleased to offer you the position of after-sales manager at our company starting on 16 June, 2009.I propose that the terms of employment will be those in the attached draft individual employment agreement.Please note that you are entitled to discuss this offer and to seek advice on the attached proposed agreement with your family, a union, a lawyer, or someone else you trust.If you want some information on your employment rights, you can also contact the Employment Service Office or visit our website.Also, if you disagree with, or do not understand or wish to clarify anything in this offer, please ring me to discuss any issue you wish to raise.If you are happy with the proposed terms and wish to accept this offer of employment, please sign the duplicate copy of this letter and return it to me by 1 June, 2009.In the event I have not heard from you by that date, this offer will be automatically withdrawn on that date.I look forward to working with you.Yours sincerely，John Brown

56.What job position is offered to Mr.Smith in the letter?

___________________________________________________________.57.From whom may Mr.Smith seek advice about the proposed agreement?

His family, a union, _____________________, or someone else he trusts.58.How can Mr.Smith get information about employment rights?

By contacting the ___________________________ or visiting its website.59.When should Mr.Smith return the signed duplicate copy of this letter?

By _______________________________________________________.60.What will happen if the duplicate copy of the letter is not returned by the deadline?

This offer will be ___________________________________ on that date.答案：56.(The)after-sales manager 57.a lawyer 58.Employment Service Office

59.1 June, 2009 60.(automatically)withdrawn 來源:考試大-國家英語三級考試站 Part IV Translation--English into Chinese(25 minutes)

B)如果合同一方希望重簽合同，必須在合同到期三個月內(nèi)寫信通知對方。

C)如果任何一方希望更改合同，必須提前三個月向?qū)Ψ綍嫣峤黄淅碛伞?/p>

D)如果合同一方希望續(xù)簽合同，必須在合同期滿前三個月書面通知對方。

62.There is no sign that the world economic crisis will lessen in the next few months, although a certain degree of recovery is in sight.A)盡管沒有人認(rèn)為未來幾個月內(nèi)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)會消失，但是在一定程度上的復(fù)蘇是肯定的。

B)盡管世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的跡象是肯定的，但是未來幾個月內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)緩和的現(xiàn)象還不很明顯。

C)盡管已經(jīng)顯現(xiàn)出一定程度的經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇，但沒有跡象表明世界經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)在未來幾個月會減緩。

D)盡管沒有人承認(rèn)未來幾個月內(nèi)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)會觸底，但我們肯定會看到世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇。

63.Most of the issues concerning personnel managementhave been solved satisfactorily;only a few of secondary importance remain to be discussed.A)多數(shù)有關(guān)人員管理的問題順利地解決了, 僅剩下幾個問題還需要進(jìn)行第二次討論。

B)大多數(shù)有關(guān)人事管理問題已經(jīng)得到圓滿解決，只剩下幾個次要的問題還有待于討論。

C)很多有關(guān)人員配備問題基本上都得到了答復(fù)，只有第二個重要問題還未經(jīng)過討論。

D)第二個重要問題是有關(guān)人員調(diào)動的問題，這次已經(jīng)得到妥善解決，不必再次討論。

64.Only in this way can Chinese enterprises improve their competitiveness and avoid being defeated by their foreign rivals after China’s entry into the WTO.A)只有這個方法才能幫助中國企業(yè)去參加競爭，避免在加入世貿(mào)組織后被其外國對手所擊敗。

B)只有這樣中國企業(yè)才能提高競爭力，并且在中國加入世貿(mào)組織后不會敗給它們的外國對手。

C)如果中國企業(yè)要想在世貿(mào)組織中參加競爭，必須通過這種辦法才能擊敗它們的外國對手。

D)中國企業(yè)只有通過這種途徑來擊敗外國的對手，才能表明它們在世貿(mào)組織中具備競爭力。

65.Thank you, Mr.Black.It’s a great honor to be appointed as Overseas Sales Manager.To be honest, this promotion came as quite a surprise to me.I’d like to think it’s mainly the contribution of the whole team.I’d like to thank all my colleagues in the company for their support and hard work.Due to their efforts, we’ve started some overseas projects successfully.Looking to the future, I’d still like to maintain contact with everyone, even though I’ll be working at the management level.答案：61-64:DCAB 65:謝謝您，布萊克先生。被任命為海外銷售部經(jīng)理，我感到極大的榮幸。坦白說，這次升遷令我十分意外。我想這主要是整個團(tuán)隊的功勞。我要感謝公司全體同仁們的支持與努力。由于他們的努力，我們海外的一些項目已經(jīng)順利的啟動了。展望未來，盡管我將在管理層工作，我仍希望與大家保持聯(lián)系。

Part V Writing(25 minutes)

Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.You are required to write a business letter according to the following information given in Chinese.Remember to do the task on the Translation/Composition Sheet.說明：根據(jù)下面中文信息寫一封詢問信。

發(fā)信人：Mark Zhang

收信人：Mr.Smith

發(fā)信日期：2009年12月22日

內(nèi)容：

1.Mark在最近的廣交會上認(rèn)識了Smith先生；

2.Mark對Smith先生所在公司展出的新款手機(jī)很感興趣；

3.詢問產(chǎn)品的詳細(xì)信息，包括產(chǎn)品的規(guī)格、顏色、價格和功能等；

4.說明該款手機(jī)市場銷售前景看好；

5.希望和對方建立長遠(yuǎn)的上午關(guān)系。

Words for references:

廣交會 Guangzhou Trade Fair

規(guī)格 specifications

答案：Dear Mr.Smith，I'm Mark Zhang.I met you for the first time during Guangzhou Trade Fair recently.I'm interested in your new mobile.Could you please give me some information about the new product that produced by your firm?

Please tell me the specifications as well as the color about the mobile.Also I hope you can tell something about the price and functions.I'm confident in the market situation of your new product.I hope we can have a nice and lasting cooperation.yours,sincerely Zhang 來源:考試大-國家英語三級考試站

2010年6月B Part II Vocabulary and Structure(15 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences.You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16.Our company’s visitors decided to stay in our city for ____ two days as they wanted to have a look around.A)other

B)the other

C)another

D)other’S

17.According to the time table, the train for Beijing ____ at 9:10 P.m.from Monday to Friday.A)was leaving

B)is leaving

C)leaves

D)has left

18.The new drug will not be put on the market ____ it has proved safe on humans.A)if

B)until

C)since

D)when

19.Students are expected to pay the loan back ____ they are earning enough.A)so far as

B)now that

C)even if

D)as soon as

20.Immigrants have to adapt themselves culturally and physically to the new surroundings ____ they have moveD)

A)on which

B)by which

C)into which

D)from which

21.The proposal ____ at the meeting now is of great importance to our department.A)being discussed

B)to be discussing

C)having discussed

D)discussing

22.It was because of his good performance at the interview ____ he got the job with the big company.A)so

B)what

C)that

D)while

23.It is reasonable for people to pursue a career in fields related ____ their favorite hobbies.A)on

B)for

C)at

D)to

24.There is no evidence ____ he was on the site of the murder.A)where

B)that

C)which

D)how

25.Only when we hurried to the airport____ the flight was cancelleD)

A)we found

B)did we find

C)have we found

D)we have found Section B

Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here.You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets.Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26.Nowadays, electronic(pay)________ is a more convenient way to pay for purchases than cash and checks.27.Most of the high school students who(interview)________ yesterday believed that they should continue with their education.28.According to the survey(conduct)________ recently, 52% of American business people booked their business travel online last year.29.The(grow)________ of online shopping is producing a fundamental change in consumer behavior.30.The total output of this factory(double)________ since it was put into operation in 2006.31.It is the(responsible)________ of the Human Resources Department to employ new staff members.32.It was reported that the(injure)________ people were taken to the hospital immediately after the accident.33.The bank refused(accept)________ my application for the loan because they weren’t convinced by my business plan.34.It’S important to realize how(quick)________ this disease can spread over the globe.35.Of all the marketing plans proposed at the meetin9, this one is believed to be the(practical)________.Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)

Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill.You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructeD)

Task 1

1.Determine your goals.What do you want to get out of a college education? Academic(學(xué)術(shù)的)knowledge? Leadership experience within a club? Decide what is most important to you.Then devote proportionate(成比例的)amounts of time to those efforts.2.Plan aheaD)You may think you Call keep everything in your head, but as the activities on your schedule start piling up, making a schedule can really help organize even little tasks.3.Study at strategic(關(guān)鍵的)times.Don’t wait until you’re falling asleep to study.Study first.Save those e—mails to check later, because tasks that don’t require much energy and attention can still be done when you’re tired.4.Motivate(激勵)yourself!You know that TV show you’ve been dying to see, or that game of chess you’ve been waiting all week to challenge your friend to.These and many other special activities can be used for motivation.Promise yourself that you’ll force yourself to work efficiently.(Don’t rush through the assignment, though.)

5.Take a nap.Sometimes even a 20-minute nap in the afternoon will give you the extra energy you need to get through the day.36.We need to play ahead in order to ________.A)keep a record of all the events

B)better organize our activities

C)store everything in our head

D)pile up little tasks neatly

37.Strategic times are best for us to ________.A)save energy

B)check e-mails

C)study efficiently

D)organize activities

38.Which of the following could be used as a motivation to do our assignments?

A)Remembering our urgent tasks.B)Any activities we’re eager to do.C)Taking a break in the afternoon.D)The promise to study efficiently.39.What can help us to keep refreshed throughout the day?

A)Doing some physical exercise.B)Taking a short nap in the afternoon.C)Rushing through some assignments.D)Playing a game of chess with a friend.40.Which of the following could be the best title for this article?

A)Study Habits and Time Management

B)Business Management and Leadership

C)University Education and Campus Life

D)Life Goals and Academic Development Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.Welcome to our small business set-up guide, providing all the information you need to start your business on a healthy, solid basis.From choosing the right name for you company and making your first business plan, through to up-to-date taxation(稅務(wù))advice, banking and insurance tips, each subject is discussed in the guide.We also look at the vital characteristics you'll need to survive in business.Determination and originality(原創(chuàng)性)are key.Equally, so is the ability to organize your time and to put in the required effort during the early days.As with any new business, success can never be guaranteed, but our aim is to reduce the difficulties involved in setting up a business on your own.We’ll forewarn you of the most common problems, including failure to research your market in sufficient detail and not setting aside enough funds for tougher financial times.Starting up even the smallest business can be challenging.But take comfort in the fact that you are not alone.In fact, of the four million businesses currently in operation in the UK, more than 99.3％ are classified as―small, ‖with fewer than 50 employees.In order to keep this guide as brief as possible, where we’ve not had enough room to include every detail, you’ll find a link taking you to the most relevant(相關(guān)的)articles.Good luck with your business idea!

41.This guide is intended to help people to ____.A)cope with an economic crisis

B)start a new small busincess

C)raise funds for a new firm

D)build up public relations

42.What are most important for a business to survive?

A)Banking and insurance services.B)Reaearch and business plannin9.C)Organization and management.D)Determination and originality.43.What does the word―forewarn‖(Line 2, ParA)4)mean?

A)Deal with.B)Argue with.C)Advise beforehand.D)Give instructions to.44.What kind of businesses are regarded as―small‖in the UK?

A)Those with fewer than 50 employees.B)Those with only two or three owners.C)Those with a loan of 99.3％in their capital.D)Those with an output value less than ￡4 million.45.More information about how to start a small business is available by ____.A)contacting the writer in person

B)linking to other relevant articles

C)reading the advertising brochures

D)communicating with other readers Task 3

Print your name in large letters at the top of the page.You don’t have to write―Curriculum Vitae" across the top, as we know what it is, and what we need to know is who you are.Make it as easy as possible for prospective(未來的)employers to talk to you, so include Your address, email, and mobile phone number.If you are posting your CV on a website, then remember basic web security and just use an email address, You do not have to include your home phone, and take care with work numbers and emails.You do not need to give any personal information such as date of birth, marital status, disabilities, health and details of parents or children.There is no need to include a photograph unless it is requested.How to write contact details in your CV

Top of page:-46-your name in large letters

Items:

To be included: 1)-47-

2)-48-

3)mobile phone number

Not to be included: 1)-49-, such as date of birth

2)-50-unless it is requested Task 4

C--Long-term contract D--Sales contract

E--Cash price F--Contract law

G--Fixed price H--Late payment

I--Paying bank J--Port of arrival

K--Prompt shipment L--Cash against delivery

M--Letter of credit N-Advice of delivery

O--Advice note P--Notice of claim

Q--Port of delivery

Examples；(L)交貨付款(N)到貨通知書

51.()現(xiàn)金價格()銷售合同

52.()到達(dá)港()供貨合同

53.()逾期付款()索賠通知

54.()貿(mào)易協(xié)定()信用證

55.()固定價格()即期裝運 Task 5

N0.：SC-3

Done and signed in Beijing on this 4th day of May 2009

Sellers China National Cereals, Oils&Foodstuffs Corp.Buyers：Canada Food Corp., Vancouver

This Contract is made by and between the Buyers and the Sellers；whereby the Buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below：

Commodity：Apple Jam, Great Wall Brand

Specifications：In cans of 340 grams

Quantity：1000 cases(each loo cans)

Unit price：US$30.00 per case

Packing：In cases

Insurance：To be effected by the Sellers against All Risks

Time of Shipment：August 2009

Port of Shipment: Chinese Port

Port of Destination: Vancouver,Canada

Shipping Mark: At Seller’s choices

Terms of Payment：By Letter of Credit

56.What is the brand of the Apple Jam?

57.What is the total value of the contract? 58.When will the goods be shipped?

59.What are the terms of payment?

60.Where are the goods to be sent to? Part IV Translation--English into Chinese(25 minutes)

Directions: This part, numbered 61 through 65, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese.After each of the sentences numbered 61 to 64, you will read four choices of suggested translation.You should choose the best translation and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.And for the paragraph numbered 65, write your translation in the corresponding space on the Translation/ Composition Sheet.61.When exporting goods, it is essential to arrange insurance cover in case the goods are lost or damaged in transit.A)為了促進(jìn)貨物出口, 減少貨物的丟失或者損壞, 必須發(fā)展保險業(yè).B)出口時, 貨物基本上都會上保險, 這樣貨物就避免了丟失或損壞.C)出口貨物時必須辦理保險, 以防貨物在運輸過程中丟失或者損壞.D)出口前貨物一般都會上保險, 以便在貨物遺失或損壞后得到賠償.62.If we do not receive payment by the end of this month, we will have no alternative but to take legal action.A)如果本月底我們還收不到付款, 我們將會采取除申訴以外的一切行動.B)如果在本月底我們?nèi)晕词盏截浛? 我們別無選擇, 只能采取法律行動.C)如果本月底我們還收不到訂貨, 我們就不得不采取其他辦法了.D)如果本月底我們還收不到訂購的貨物, 我們就不得不拒絕付款.63.Party B has the right to cancel the contract with a written notice to Party A under the following conditions.A)乙方在下述情況下有權(quán)以書面通知甲方取消合同.B)乙方有義務(wù)在下述條件下通知甲方簽定書面合同.C)乙方在下列條件下有權(quán)拒絕接受甲方書寫的合同.D)乙方在下列情況下才得有權(quán)與甲方終止書面合同.64.I have already given instructions for the task to be taken up first and the engineers doing the job to work overtime.A)我已下達(dá)指示, 首先要承擔(dān)這項任務(wù), 并且從事該項工作的工程師們必須加班.B)我已做了說明, 從事該項工作并肯加班的工程人員具有優(yōu)先權(quán)來參與這項任務(wù).C)我已經(jīng)下達(dá)指令, 涉及該項工作的人員應(yīng)首先接受該項任務(wù), 并且要加班工作.D)我已做了解釋, 首先必須有工程師們愿意加班工作才能有可能來完成這項任務(wù).65.Ladies and gentlemen, thank you very much for coming this afternoon.Now I’m going to introduce you to a completely new idea in energy-saving air-conditioning.I will begin by talking about the market research which led to the development of this product.Then I will explain the technical developments of the product, the production and the marketing strategy.Finally I will offer some advice as to how you can make this product

轉(zhuǎn)載自考試大-[233.Com]a success in your market.Part V Writing(25 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.You are required to write a business letter according to the following information given in Chinese.Remember to do the task on the Translation/Composition Sheet.說明：假設(shè)你是一個醫(yī)療設(shè)備公司的經(jīng)理.你收到一家代理公司經(jīng)理Peter Smith先生的信.他想了解你公司的情況, 你寫信向他介紹并表示希望他能作為你公司的代理.公司簡介：

公司名稱：廣安醫(yī)療設(shè)備有限公司

成立年份：1980年

公司總部地址：中國神州市

主要產(chǎn)品：醫(yī)療測試設(shè)備

雇員人數(shù)：1000名, 其中120人從事研究與開發(fā)

銷售市場：大部分產(chǎn)品銷往東南亞和南美

注意書信格式!

Words for reference：

醫(yī)療測試設(shè)備medical testing equipment 總部headquarters

從事engage in 東南亞Southeast Asia

代理agent 參考答案

1-5:BCADA

6-10:ADBAC

11.really good

12.38 hours

13.travel abroad

14.working time

15.eight and nine

16-20:CCBBC

21-25:ACDBB

26.payment

27.were interviewed

28.conducted

29.growth

30.has doubled

31.responsibility

32.injured

33.to accept

34.quickly

35.most practical

36-40:BCBBA

41-45:BDCAB

46.print

47.your address

48.email

49.personal information

50.a photograph

51.ED 52.JA 53.HP 54.BM 55.GK

56.Great wall

57.$30,000

58.August 2009

59.Letter of Credit

60.Vancouver, Canada

61.CBDA

62.BACD

63.ADCB

64.BADC

65.ACDB

女士們先生們，非常直謝您今天下午的光臨?，F(xiàn)在，我將向您介紹一個在節(jié)能空調(diào)方面的全新理念。首先我要談?wù)撘豁検袌稣{(diào)查，該調(diào)查促使了本產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)，然后我會向大家解釋這一產(chǎn)品的技術(shù)開發(fā)、產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)以及市場營銷策略。最后，我將向您提供一些關(guān)于如何使該產(chǎn)品在貴方市場成功的建議。

參考范文：

Thank you for your letter of June 19th and your interest in our company.Our company, Guang'an Medical Equipment Co.Ltd., was founded in 1980.We are located in Shenzhou, China.We mainly manufacture medical testing equipments.And we have 1,000 employees in our company, 120 of whom are engaged in research and product development.Our products are mainly exported to Southeast Asia and South America.It would be our qreat honor to have you as the agent of our products.Your early reply will be well appreciated.Sincerely yours，Wang Wei Manager of

Guang’an Medical Equipment Co.Ltd.2009年12月A Part II Vocabulary & Structure(15 minutes)

Section A

A)treat

B)influence

C)ask

D)change

17．Please give us the reason ____ the goods were delayeD)

A)why

B)which

C)what

D)how

18．Peter will ____ the job as Sales Manager when John retires．

A)put away

B)take over

C)work out

D)make up

19．There is no doubt ____ he is a good employee．

A)as

B)who

C)that

D)whats

20．I feel it’s a great honor for me _____ to this party.A)to invite

B)invite

C)having invited

D)to be invited

21．Don’t _____ me to help you if you are not working harD)

A)guess

B)speak

C)plan

D)expect

22．It was two years ago _____ his sister became a doctor．

A)that

B)where

C)who

D)what

23．The general manager has promised to _____ the matter in person．

A)get up

B)look into

C)see off

D)put on

24．If you move，you must inform us _____ the change of you adderss.A)with

B)for

C)in

D)of

25．_____ his lecture is short，it gives us a clear picture of the new program．

A)If

B)Because

C.Although

D)When 來源:考試大-國家英語三級考試站 Section B

27．The goods that you ordered ten days ago will(deliver)_____ to you tomorrow．

28．Gas prices are(high)_____ here than in other parts of the country．

29．The past decade has seen great economic(develop)_____ in this country.30．If the engineer(come)_____ here yesterday，the problem would have been solved.31．While this new law does not(direct)_____ affect the quality of work，it will greatly benefit employees．

32．Now many young people spend several hours a day(talk)_____ on a mobile phone.33．In China，it is quite(nature)_____ for people to go back home for the Spring Festival.34．The manager was surprised at the news when he(receive)_____ the phone call yesterday．

35．Advances in medical technology have made it possible for people(live)_____ longer．

Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)

Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill.You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1

One major benefit of online advertising is the immediate spread of information that is not limited by geography or time．Online advertising can be viewed day and night throughout the worlD)Besides，it reduces the cost and increases the profit of the company．

Small businesses especially find online advertising cheap and effective．They can focus on their ideal customers and pay very little for the advertisements．

In a word，online advertising is a cheap and effective way of advertising，whose success has so far fully proved its great potential(潛力)．

36．According to the first paragraph，buying things online is more ____ ．

A)convenient

B)fashionable

C)traditional

D)reliable

37．Compared with any other way of advertising，online advertising ____ ．

A)attracts more customers

B)displays more samples

C)offers more services

D)makes more profits

38．Which of the following statements is TRUE of online advertising?

A)It has taken the place of traditional advertising．

B)It will make the Internet technology more efficient．

C)It can help sell the latest models of digitalized products．

D)It can spread information without being limited by time．

39．Who can especially benefit from online advertising?

A)Local companies．

B)Small businesses．

C)Government departments．

D)International organizations．

40．This passage is mainly about ____ ．

A)the function and the use of the Internet

B)the application of digital technology

C)the development of small businesses D)the advantages of online advertising 來源:考試大-國家英語三級考試站 Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.During our more than 60-year history，with our vast knowledge and experience，Trafalgar has created perfectly designed travel experiences and memories．

Exceptional value

Traveling with Trafalgar can save you up t0 40％when compared with traveling independently．We can find you the right hotels，restaurants，and our charges include entrance fees，tolls(道路通行費)，etC)Because we’re the largest touring company with great buying power，we can pass on our savings to you．

Fast-track entrance

Traveling with us means on standing in line(排隊)at major sights．Trafalgar takes care of all the little details，which means you are always at the front of the line．

Travel with like-minded friends

Because we truly are global，you will travel with English-speaking people from around the world，and that leads to life-long friendships．

Great savings

We provide many great ways to save money，including Early Payment Discount(折扣)，F(xiàn)requent Traveler Savings and more.Fast check-in

Once your booking has been made，you are advised to check in online at our website and meet your fellow travelers before you leave．

41．Because of its great buying power，Trafalgar ____ ．

A)can find the cheapest restaurants

B)can pass on its savings to tourists

C)takes tourists to anywhere in the world D)allows tourists to travel independently

42．Traveling with Trafalgar，tourists do not have to ____ ．

A)bring their passports with them

B)pay for their hotels and meals

C)stand in line at major sights

D)take their luggage with them

43．Traveling with Trafalgar，tourists may ____ ．

A)meet tour guides from different countries B)make new friends from around the world

C)win a special prize offered by the company

D)have a good chance to learn foreign languages

44．Which of the following is mentioned as a way to earn a discount?

A)Early payment．

B)Group payment．

C)Office booking．

D)Online booking．

45．After having made the booking，tourists are advised to check in ____ ．

A)at the hotels

B)at the airport

C)by telephone

D)on the website 來源:

Task 3

Directions: The following is an advertisement.After reading it, you should complete the information by filling in the blanks marked 46 to 50(in no more than 3 words)in the

table below.Dear Sirs，I’m writing to tell you that your latest shipment(裝運)of apples is not up to the standard we expected from you．Many of them are bruised(擦傷)，and more than half are coved with little spots.They are classed as Grade A, but I think there must have been some mistake，as they are definitely not Grade A apples.We have always been satisfied with the quality of your produce(農(nóng)產(chǎn)品)，which makes this case all the more puzzling．I would be grateful if you could look into the matter．We would be happy to keep the apples and try to sell them at a reduced price，but in that case we would obviously need a credit(部分退款)from you．Alternatively，you could collect them and replace them with apples of the right quality．Would you please phone me to let me know how you want to handle it?

Yours faithfully，F(xiàn)iona Stockton

Fiona Stockton

Purchasing Manager

A letter of Complaint

Produce involed:Grade A-46-.Causes of complaint:

1.may of the apples are bruised 2.more than half of the apples are covered with-47-Suggested solutions:

1.allow to sell at-48-and give-49-, or

2.collect them and replace them with apples of-50-.來源:考試 Task 4

Directions: The following is a list of terms related to employment.After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to(與…等同)those given in Chinese in the table below.Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A—Guard against damp． B--Handle with care.C—Keep away from heat． D—Keep away from cold.E—Keep dry． F—Keep fiat．

G—No naked fire． H—No use of hooks．

I—Not to be thrown down． J—Open here．

K—Open in dark room． L—Protect against breakage．

M—Poison． N—Take care．

O一This side up． P—To be kept upright．

Q—Use no knives．

Examples：(G)嚴(yán)禁明火(H)禁用吊鉤

51．()遠(yuǎn)離熱源()請勿用刀

52．()此面朝上()此處開啟

53．()豎立安放()暗室開啟

54．()小心輕放()注意平放

55．()不可拋擲()保持干燥來源:考試大-國家英Task 5

Directions: Here are two letters.After reading them, you are required to complete the answers that follow the questions(No.56 to No.60).You should write your answers(in no more than 3 words)on the Answer Sheet correspondingly.Dear Mr．Sampson：

I want to thank you very much for interviewing me yesterday for the position of design engineer.I enjoyed meeting with you and learning more about your research and design work.The interview made me all the more interested in the position and working for XELL Company.I believe my education and work experiences fit nicely with the job requirements，and I am certain I could make a significant contribution(貢獻(xiàn))to the company over time．

I would like to re-emphasize my strong desire for the position and working with you and your staff．You provide the kind of opportunity I seek．Please feel free to call me at the following phone number if I can provide you with any additional information：0811-8222-5555．

Again，thank you for the interview and for your consideration．

Sincerely，Mary Cruz

56．Why did Mary Cruz write this letter?

To give thanks to Mr.Sampson for ________________________ her yesterday．

57．What position did Mary Cruz apply for?

The position of ____________________________________________________ ．

58．Which company did the writer wish to work for?

59．Why is the writer strongly interested in the position?

Because the company provided the kind of ___________________ she seeks．

60．How can the writer be contacted?

By calling her at ___________________________________________________ 語英Part IV Translation —— English into Chinese(25 minutes)

Directions: This part, numbered 61 to 65, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese.Each of the four sentences(No.61 to No.64)is followed by four choices of suggested translation marked A), B), C)and D).Make the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Write your translation of the paragraph(No.65)in the corresponding space on the Translation/Composition Sheet.61.If your company insists on your price，we will have to turn to other suppliers for the goods．

A)假如貴公司要調(diào)整價格，請及早告知我們，以便另做安排.B)假如貴公司提高價格，我們不得不從其他地方另尋貨源.C)如果貴公司不給折扣價，我們不得不采用其他方式購貨.D)如果貴公司堅持你方報價，我方只能找其他供應(yīng)商進(jìn)貨.62.First of all，I appreciate your advice on my decision to go to work in the computer company.A)我首先感謝你們的決定，讓我到這家電腦公司來工作.B)我首先感謝你的建議，我已經(jīng)決定去一家電腦公司工作了.C)首先，很高興到貴公司來聽取你們在計算機(jī)方面的意見.D)首先，感謝你對我決定去那家電腦公司工作所給予的建議.63.Many good movies have been produced recently，but I still prefer to watch old movies because they are more interesting．

A)人們對電影是有興趣的，特別是對老片子，所以我主張放映老片子.B)近來拍了很多好的影片，既古老又饒有趣味，我覺得人人都喜歡看.C)近來制作了很多好影片，但是我還是喜歡老片，因為老片更有趣.D)很多好的影片是最近拍的，但我依然覺得過去拍的影片很有意思.64.If the new payment methods make it easier for consumers to pay．could they make it easier for criminals too?

A.如果這些新的付款方式更便于消費者付款，是否對罪犯也更方便呢?

B)如果新的購物方式更容易使消費者滿意，難到對罪犯不也是如此嗎?

C)如果新的購物方式更方便了顧客，不也就更容易使人犯罪嗎?

D)如果新的付款辦法便于人們消費，不也就更易于犯罪了嗎?

65．Now people have a choice about where they work and what kind of work they’II do．They are faced with the challenge of deciding where to go．They need to know what standard to use in making their decisions．This book provides them with practical advice for making their choices．Meanwhile，they will know what questions to ask，what jobs to look for，and how to make their final decisions．

2009年12月B Part II Structure(15 minutes)

Directions: This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences.It consists of 2 sections.Section A

Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences.You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16.By the end of this year Mr.Smith ________in our company for exactly three years.A)is working

B)has worked

C)will work

D)will have worked

17.I think that the Great Wall is worth ____________hundreds of miles to visit.A)to travel

B)traveling

C)traveled

D)travel

18.The new staff didn’t know how to use the system _________ I explained it to him yesterday.A)until

B)because

C)if

D)since

19._____________is reported in the newspapers that the talks between the two companies have not made any progress.A)That

B)What

C)It

D)As

20.__________by the failure of the project，the manager could hardly say a word.A)To be shocked

B)Shocked

C)Be shocked

D)Shocking 21.The first question we now discuss is _______ early tomorrow.A)whether

B)where

C)what

D)whom

22.He was attending a meeting, ________he would have come to your party yesterday.A)unless

B)when

C)but

D)or

23.Enclosed you ________an application form that you are asked to fill out.A)will find

B)find

C)found

D)are finding

24.The auto industry spends large amounts of money on marketing campaigns _________young adult customers.A)attract

B)attracted

C)to attract

D)attracts

25.The advertising company recently hired a designer ____________had once won a prize in a national contest.A)whose

B)which

C)whom

D)who

Section B

Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here.You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets.Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26.Your daughter is(luck)______enough to have large company.27.After an(introduce)______by the chairperson，we’11 go on with the day’s discussion.28.We must keep the manager(inform)___________of the advertising campaign.29.It is suggested that the president of the Union(make)_______a speech on behalf of all the workers.30.Having been badly damaged by the earthquake，the city has to be(rebuild)_______.31.She described the ancient city in detail because she(live)_________there for years.32.The new university graduate is confident of(win)________the post as the assistant to the managing director.33.Successful companies concentrate(much)_______on selling their products to their existing customers than to their new ones.34.The local economy depends(heavy)________on the goods.35.With such a short time(leave)______,it’s impossible for US to finish this complicated experiment.答案：16-20:DBACB 21-25:ADACD

26.lucky 27.introduction 28.informed 29.make 30.rebuilt 31.had lived

32.winning 33.more 34.heavily 35.left 來源:考試大-國家英語三級考試站 Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)

Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill.You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1

Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40.For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C)and D).You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.An ebook(also referred to as an electronic book，eBook，or e-book)is a digital version(版本)of a print book that you download and read.But if you want to read an ebook, you must have an Ebook Reader, which is a kind of free software used by your computer.Make sure you have installed the appropriate Reader before you download your ebook from the Internet.The software allows you to turn the words on the screen into the size you like.It also helps you turn pages and change your viewing options(計算機(jī)屏幕上的閱讀選擇).Ebooks are a fun alternative to regular books.You can download them to any computers and create your own library of hundreds of titles.If you load them onto your portable computer，you can take them with you when you travel.Some ebooks are even interactive!Best of all，when you order an ebook，there is no waiting and no shipping charges.The amount of time it takes to download your ebook depends on the speed of your connection and the size of your ebook.36.From this passage，we learn that an ebook___________.A)can be found in any library

B)can be read directly from the Internet

C)can be read by any one who has a computer

D)can be read when special software is installed

37.The Ebook Reader is used for___________.A)reading an ebook you’ve downloaded

B)turning a print book into a digital version

C)downloading an ebook from the Internet

D)copying an ebook onto a portable computer

38.From this passage，we can learn that______________.A)you can read an ebook on a laptop when you travel

B)you Can order an ebook using the Ebook Reader

C)the ebooks ordered have to be shipped to you

D)it takes a lot of trouble reading an ebook

39.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)An ebook is ordered in print book is.B)The size of the words in an ebook cannot be changed.C)The downloading time is decided by the ebook’s size.D)There is less fun reading an ebook than a print book.40.The passage is mainly about_______________.A)a better way to download an Ebook

B)a new kind of book—the Ebooks

C)the new version of Ebooks

D)the fun of reading Ebooks

Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.Check-in Requirements

Passengers and their baggage must be checked in at least 45 minutes before departure for domestic flights and 60 minutes for international flights.Government-issued photo identification is required for all passengers.Passengers traveling across any international boundary(邊界)are responsible for obtaining all necessary travel documents.Passengers may be denied boarding if travel documents are not in order.When check-in requirements are not met，a passenger may be separated from his／her bag.Frontier Airlines will gladly hold the bag in the destination baggage service office for pick-up at the passenger’s convenience.Passengers must be at the gate 20 minutes before departure for boarding.Free Baggage Allowance for Each Ticketed Passenger

Frontier Airlines，Inc.will accept，per ticketed passenger，two free checked bags not to exceed 62 inches and 50 pounds per piece—one carry—on bag and one personal item(purse，laptop，etc.).NOTE：A ticketed passenger may check one carry-on bag if it is within established limitations.All carry-on items must be put under a a shared overhead compartment(行李艙).Excessive(超重)Baggage Charges

An excess charge will be made for each piece of baggage over the free allowance and for each piece of oversized or over-weight baggage.41.An international flight passenger should check in at least____________.A)20 minutes before departure

B)30 minutes before departure

C)45 minutes before departure

D)60 minutes before departure

42.What is required of all domestic and international passengers for check-in?

A)An invitation letter.B)A company’s job offer。

C)An official photo identification.D)An official immigration permit.43.How much baggage is a ticketed passenger allowed free of charge?

A)One piece.B)Two pieces.C)Three pieces.D)Four pieces.44.What will passengers have to do if their baggage is over the free allowance?

A)To pay extra money.B)To carry it themselves.C)To ask for special permit.D)To drop the excessive item.45.This passage is probably taken from_________.A)an advertisement of an airline

B)a notice for airline passengers

C)a schedule of an international flight

D)an introduction to an airline company

答案：36-40:DAACB 41-45:DCBAB 來源:考試大-國家英Task 3

Directions: After reading the following passage, you are required to complete the outline below it(No.46 to No.50).You should write your answers briefly(in no more than three words)on the Answer Sheet correspondingly.Sakura Scholarships offer students the opportunity of taking part in a three-month Japanese language course in the city of Kyoto.The scholarship covers free accommodation，meals and tuition.Return air fares between their country of residence and Osaka are paid，and $l，000 pocket money is also provided.To apply for one of these Scholarships，you should write a letter of about 300 words, describing your own educational career so far，and giving reasons education would benefit from participation in the Sakura Scholarship Scheme.The closing date for application is February l，2009.Applicants who have been selected for the short list(人選名單)will receive the notice by March 31.The final selection will be made on the basis of interviews held during May.Applications are open to all students，regardless of age, sex or nationality，and are also open to people who are not currently full-time students.Please apply to Ms.Kyoto Matsumoto，Sakura Scholarship Scheme，Sakura Trading Co, 200 East Avenue, London E97PS.Sakura Scholarships

Course offered：Japanese language

Items covered:

1.accommodation，meals and-46-

2.-47-air fares

3.$l,000-48-

Content of application letter:

1.describing the applicant’s-49-so far

2.giving reasons for taking the course

Deadline for application：-50-

答案：46.tuition 47.return 48.pocket money 49.own educational career 50.February 1,2009

Task 4

Directions: The following is a list of airport items.After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to(與…等同)those given in Chinese in the table below.Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A—assembly line

J—safety boots

B—packer

K—shipping clerk

C—forklift

L—time card

D—explosive materials

M—warehouse

E—fire extinguisher

N—hard hat

F—loading dock

O—earplug

G—machine operator

P—hand truck

H—electrical hazard

Q—safety earmuffs

I—conveyor belt

Examples：(F)裝載碼頭(K)運務(wù)員

51.()易爆材料()安全耳罩

52.()]二時卡()安全靴

53.()裝配線()滅火器

54.()安全帽()手推車

55.()機(jī)器操作員()輸送帶

答案：51.D, 52.L,J 53.A,E 54.N,P 55.G,I

Task 5

Directions: The following is part of an introduction to life insurance.After reading it, you should give brief answers to the 5 questions(No.56 to No.60)that follow.The answers(in no more than 3 words)should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.Dear Ms.Pascal，I would appreciate very much an opportunity to meet with you and demonstrate how my unique experience and education could be of particular advantage to your company’s future growth.My practice last summer at Pascal Business Systems helped me focus on my academic and career goals.My fourteen weeks with your company involved sales support activities including preparing brochures and catalogs，coordinating trade shows，providing data and information to salespeople in the field，and interacting with customers.During the past two semesters I have concentrated on developing my electronic publishing and business communication skills.I am confident that I Can improve the ways in which Pascal Business Systems provides support for field marketing representatives.This would include designing and maintaining an online catalog which could be coordinated with current inventories(庫存清單).I am available for an interview at your convenience and look forward to an opportunity to discuss ways to improve operations and communications with field locations and sales.Thank you for your kind consideration.Sincerely，Lourdes Santiago

56.How long did Lourdes Santiago work at Pascal Business System?

57.What activities was he involved in when he had his practice in the company?

A whole variety of____________________________.58.What special skills did Lourdes Santiago develop during the past two semesters?

He developed electronic publishing and_________________________

59.What could he do to help support the field marketing representatives?

By designing and maintaining__________________________

60.What is ?

Lourdes Santiago writes the letter to ask for__________________________.答案：56.Fourteen weeks 57.sales support activities 58.bussiness communication skills 59.an online catalog

60.an interview 來源:考試大-國家英語三級考試站 Part IV Translation--English into Chinese(25 minutes)

B)只有在干燥通風(fēng)的場所才能使電子儀器持續(xù)運轉(zhuǎn)。

C)為了安全起見，本電器設(shè)備只有安裝在通風(fēng)陰涼處才能確保其正常運行。

D)為了安全起見，本電器裝置只有正確安裝在干燥陰涼的基座上才能運行。

62.Not only does asking questions at a meeting involve you in discussions，it is also a good way to demonstrate your professional knowledge.A)會上提問不僅能使你參與到討論中，而且還是一種展示你專業(yè)知識的好方法。

B)會上提問不僅可以討論你所提出的問題，而且還可以很好地利用你的專業(yè)知識。

C)提問題不僅能使會議討論你所關(guān)注的問題，還是一種表現(xiàn)你專業(yè)技能的好途徑。

D)在會上不僅要提問還要參與討論，這是提高你自己專業(yè)技能的一種有效方法。

63.People feel that the interdependence of nations，SO long talked about by statesmen，is today more than ever a reality.A)人們感到，一直都在談?wù)摰膰业莫毩?，今天比以往任何要?/p>

B)人們感到，政治家長期談?wù)摰膰议g的相互依存，現(xiàn)在比任何時候都更為實在。

C)人們感到，許多國家以前一直關(guān)心的獨立問題，現(xiàn)在比以前任何時候都更加現(xiàn)實。

D)人們感到，政治家以前認(rèn)為國家之間要互相依賴，今天顯得比以往更加現(xiàn)實了。

64.The purchaser will not be responsible in connection with the packing or delivery of the above goods.A)賣主并非沒有責(zé)任解決上述貨物在包裝和運輸方面出現(xiàn)的問題。

B)對于上述貨物的包裝和運輸有關(guān)費用的任何事宜賣主概不負(fù)責(zé)。

C)以上貨物在包裝和運輸方面所產(chǎn)生的有關(guān)費用買主均不予過問。

D)買主概不承擔(dān)與上述貨物的包裝和運輸有關(guān)的任何成本或費用。

65.The city government recognizes that citizens have certain new needs.To better meet your needs, we have made several changes in community facilities in 2009.Three stations for the suburbs have been added to the western train service.Broadband(寬帶)cable parts of the city.5,000 new books were bought for the City Library.Some new facilities at the city hospitals have been installed.Next year, we will try our best to make your life even better.答案：61-64:DABD 65:市政府意識到居民有新的需求。為了更好地滿足您的需求，我們于2009年已添加了新的社區(qū)設(shè)施。西去郊區(qū)的火車站已經(jīng)增加了三站；現(xiàn)在城市的各個角落都設(shè)有寬帶網(wǎng)；市圖書館購進(jìn)5，000本新書；市醫(yī)院安裝了新的醫(yī)療設(shè)備。明年我們將盡力使您的生活更美好。-國家英語三級考試站

2008年6月B Part II —— Vocabulary & Structure

Section A

Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here.You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C)and D).You should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16.Please keep a detailed ________ of the work that you have done.A)paper

B)idea

C)exercise

D)record

17.________ our great surprise, speak four foreign languages.A)Of

B)In

C)To

D)For

18.The department manager ________ a new plan to promote sales at the meeting.A)took away

B)put forward

C)looked after

D)got on

19.What he told me to do was ________ I should get fully prepared before the interview.A)what

B)if

C)which

D)that

20.When dealing with a ________ task, Alice always asks for help from people around her.A)difficult

B)wonderful

C)funny

D)simple

21.Location is the first thing customers consider when ________ to buy a house.A)planning

B)planned

C)to plan

D)having planned

22.Soft drink sales in this city have ________ by 8% compared with last year.A)picked

B)moved

C)increased

D)pushed

23.If I hadn’t attended an important meeting yesterday, I ________ to see you.A)will have come

B)would have come

C)have come

D)had come

24.To obtain a visa to enter that country for the first time, you need to apply ________.A)in part

B)in person

C)in turn

D)in place

25.car was put into production in 2007, ________ helped to provide another 1400 jobs.A)that

B)when

C)what

D)which

Section B

Directions: There are also 10 incomplete statements here.You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets.Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26.My impression is that the sales of this company have(great)________ increased this year.27.This picture(take)________ by a young reporter in Beijing last month.28.Tom has made the(decide)________ to apply for a job in the company.29.No reader is allowed(take)_________ any reference book out of the reading room.30.Although you may not(success)________ in the beginning, you should keep on trying.31.Because light travels(fast)________ than sound, lightning is seen before thunder(雷)is heard.32.The doctor recommended that Mary(start)________ the health program as soon as possible.33.It took me several weeks to get used to(drive)________ on the left side of the road in London.34.This medicine is highly(effect)_______ in treating skin cancer if it is applied early enough.35.Now who are working at home on the Internet(be)________ still very small.答案：16-20:DCBDA 21-25:ACBBD

26.greatly 27.was taken 28.decision 29.to take 30.succeed

31.faster 32.(should)start 33.driving 34.effective 35.is 來源:考Part III Reading Comprehension

Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill.You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1

Mark trouble spots with bright tapes.The first and last steps on stairs are usually high-risk accident areas.Applying bright tapes and using bright light in these areas would make these spots easier to see.Put grab bars(扶手)in the bathroom.A large number of falls occur in the bathroom.This is unfortunate(不幸的)because it’s easy to make the area safe from accidents.Putting grab bars in the bathroom gives people something to hang on to.Invest in a personal alarm.A personal alarm can be started if a person falls or otherwise gets in trouble.With the push of a button, the alarm automatically sends a signal, which gets someone to call and see if the person needs help.36.By making some very simple changes at home, old people ________.A)are free from home accidents

B)can improve their health

C)are likely to live longer

D)can live more safely

37.Last steps on stairs may become a high-risk accident area if they are ________.A)not painted in a different color

B)not marked with bright tapes

C)fixed with grab bars

D)very brightly lit

38.Falls in the bathroom are considered to be unfortunate because ________.A)they can easily be avoided

B)old people seldom fall in bathrooms

C)grab bars do not help to prevent falls

D)bathroom accidents are difficult to prevent

39.A personal alarm is designed for old people to ________.A)detect safety conditions at home

B)avoid falls in the bathroom

C)send out signals for help

D)make phone calls easily

40.The purpose of this passage is to tell people that ________.A)most old people die from accidents at home

B)up to half of home accidents could be prevented

C)falls at home can be avoided by taking some simple measures

D)protection be the first concern for the public

Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.We have created a special rate that will let you travel actually thousands of miles on your vacation at no extra cost.In most of our US and Canadian offices, we’ll rent you cars of high quality for seven days for $99.You can drive as far as you like without paying us a penny over the $99 as long as you return the car to the city from which you rented it.Insurance(保險)is included, gas is not.If you rent the car in Florida or in California, the rate is the same, but you can return the car to any city in the state.If you’d like some suggestions on what to do with the car once you’ve got it, we have driving and touring guides for almost every part of the country.No matter which rate you choose, the company comes at no extra cost.You don’t just rent a car.You rent a company!

41.According to the advertisement, $99 is the rate offered for ________.A)traveling a limited distance

B)renting a car for seven days

C)hiring a driving guide

D)driving within a state

42.Which of the the car-renting rate?

A)Gas used.B)Car repairs.C)The hotel charge.D)Insurance fee.43.The car-renting rate remains $99 if you ________.A)return the car to where you rent it

B)drive within the same city

C)buy the insurance

D)pay for the gas

44.The last sentence of the passage ―You rent a company‖ means that ________.A)you have to be responsible for the company

B)you should obey the rules set by the company

C)you can enjoy all-round services of this company

D)you may choose the best car from the company

45.The purpose of the passage is to advertise ________.A)car-renting services in the US

B)a special rate of car-renting

C)the advantages of car-renting

D)a US car-renting company

答案：36-40:DBACC 41-45:BDACBTask 3

Directions: The following is a job application letter.After reading it, you should complete the information by filling in the blanks marked 46 through 50 in no more than 3 words in the table below.Dear Ms.Rennick:

Professor Saul Wilder, an adviser to your firm, has informed me that your company is looking for someone with excellent communication skills, organizational experience, and leadership background for a management position.I believe that my enclosed résumé will show that I have the qualifications(資歷)and experience you seek.In addition, I’d like to mention how my work experience as a sales manager last summer makes me a particularly position.I would be grateful if you can offer me an opportunity for an interview with you.If you are interested, please contact me at(317)555-0118 any time before 11:00 a.m., or feel free to leave a message.I look forward to meeting with you to discuss the ways my skills may best serve your company.Sincerely yours，Richard Smith

An Application Letter

Applicant: Richard Smith

Position applied for: a-46-position

Qualifications required for the position:

1.excellent-47-

2.organizational experience

3.-48-background

Work experience(last summer): as-49-

Contact number:-50-

Enclosure: résumé

答案：46.management 47.communication skills 48.leadership 49.a sales manager 50.(317)555-0118

Task 4

Directions: The following is a list of terms used in the waybill(詳情單)of the Express Mail Service.After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to(與…等同)those given in Chinese in the table below.Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A —— original office

B —— accepted date

C —— posting stamp

D —— delivery stamp

E —— company name

F —— sender’s address

G —— customer code

H —— document

I —— parcel

J —— name of contents

K —— insurance amount

L —— sender’s signature

M —— postal code BGZG – pa--8

N —— insurance fee

O —— total charge

P —— receiver’s signature

Q —— remark

Examples:(D)投遞日戳(L)交寄人簽名

51.()費用總計()收寄日期

52.()文件資料()郵嗦?br>53.()用戶代碼()收件人簽名

54.()內(nèi)件品名()發(fā)件人地址

55.()收寄日戳()單位名稱

答案:51.O,B 52.H,M 53.G,P 54.J,F 55.C,E

Task 5

Directions: The following is a set of instructions about how to use washing machines.After reading it, you are required to complete the statements that follow the questions(No.56 to No.60).You should write your answers in no more than 3 words on the corresponding Answer Sheet.To effectively , you must complete four steps carefully: loading(裝載)the clothes, pouring in the detergent(洗滌劑), adjusting the water temperature, and putting in the coins.First, throw clothes of similar color into the machine;for example, whites, colored clothes, and towels should be washed separately.While completing this step, you must be careful not to overload the machine.Second, you should read the directions on your detergent box to find out the correct amount for your particular load.Next, select one of three possible water temperatures: hot, warm, or cold.Generally, hot temperature is used for white clothes, warm temperature for light colored clothes, and cold temperature for dark or brightly colored clothes.Finally, after closing the door of the washing machine, put in the proper amount of money.In summary, by following these simple directions, the washer will give you a clean load of wet clothes.56.Why should you follow the directions carefully when using the machine?

To use the washing machine ___________________________.57.What is the first step for using the machine to wash your clothes?

To throw the clothes of __________________ into the machine.58.Where amount of the detergent to be used?

59.What temperature is recommended for washing light colored clothes?

60.When should you put in the money?

After ___________________________ of the washing machine.答案：56.effectively 57.similar color 58.your detergent box 59.warm temperature 60.closing the dooPart IV Translation--English into Chinese

Directions: This part, numbered 61 to 65, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese.Each of the four sentences(N0.61 to No.64)is followed by four choices of suggested translation marked A), B), C)and D).Make the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Write your translation of the paragraph(No.65)in the corresponding space on the Translation/Composition Sheet.61.Two assistants reporters’ names when they arrive at the press conference.A)兩位助手要求記者在到達(dá)新聞發(fā)布會時通報他們的姓名。

B)兩位助手到達(dá)新聞發(fā)布會時被記者要求通報他們的姓名。

C)有兩位助手檢查記者的姓名并通告他們新聞發(fā)布會的時間。

D)要有兩位助手在記者到達(dá)新聞發(fā)布會時核對他們的姓名。

62.A guest paying full fare can invite another guest to join the tour at half price.A)支付全額費用的客人，參加旅游，按半價付費。

B)支付全額費用的客人，每位需要再邀請一位客人參加旅游，按半價收費。

C)每位按半價付費參加旅游的客人，必須再找到一位全額付費的客人參加。

D)支付全額費用的客人，如邀請另外一位客人參加旅游，可退還一半費用。

63.Congratulations on purchasing C800 Coffee Maker, which is suitable for home use.A)我公司隆重推出C800型家用咖啡壺，歡迎各界人士惠顧。

B)您從我公司購買了最新款的C800型家用咖啡壺，值得祝賀。

C)恭喜您購買本公司C800型咖啡壺，此款咖啡壺適合居家使用。

D)您購買的咖啡壺是我公司最新產(chǎn)品 — C800家用型，特此致謝。

64.Last month I booked a double room in the name of Mr.Brown for a week from the 14th, January.A)上個月一間雙人房，為期一周，從1月14日起算。

B）上個月14日我為布朗先生預(yù)訂了一間房間，到現(xiàn)在已有一周時間了。

C）上個月我為布朗先生預(yù)訂了一個雙人間，到1月14日止剛好為期一周。

D）上個月，布朗先生為我預(yù)訂了兩個房間，到1月14日為止，共一周時間。

65.Thank you for choosing our restaurant during your visit to London.Services to guests of the restaurant are a large part of our tasks, and we are grateful for the opportunity to serve you.We would like to invite your comments on our performance and to learn from your experiences.Please take a few moments to complete our customer we may serve you better in the future.答案：61-64:DACA 65:感謝您在訪問倫敦期間選擇我們的餐廳就餐。服務(wù)客人是我們的主要工作，我們感謝您給了我們機(jī)會為您提供服務(wù)。我們希望您對我們的服務(wù)提出寶貴意見，我們會從中學(xué)習(xí)。請抽出幾分鐘時間來填寫反饋信息表，以便我們將來可以更好的為您服務(wù)。

第三篇：近五年中考語文古文試題

近五年中考試題匯編

2015年

（2015·德州市）閱讀下文，回答問題。（13分）

[甲]山川之美，古來共談。高峰入云，清澈見底。兩岸石壁，五色交輝。青林翠竹，四時俱備。曉霧將歇，猿鳥亂鳴；夕陽欲頹，沉鱗競躍。實是欲界之仙都。自康樂以來，未復(fù)．有能與其奇者。．

—— 陶弘景《答謝中書書》

[乙]夜登華子崗，輞水淪漣，與月上下。寒山遠(yuǎn)火，明滅林外。深巷寒犬，吠聲如豹。．．村墟夜舂，復(fù)與疏鐘相間。此時獨坐，僮仆靜默，多思曩昔攜手賦詩，步仄徑，臨清流也。．當(dāng)待春中，草木蔓發(fā)，春山可望，輕鰷出水，白鷗矯翼，露濕青皋，麥隴朝（句隹）。斯之不遠(yuǎn)，倘能從我游乎？非子天機(jī)清妙者，豈能以此不急之務(wù)相邀？然是中有深趣也。．．

——王維《山中與裴秀才迪書》（節(jié)選）

1.下面句子中加點詞與“夜登華子崗”中的“夜”用法不同的一項是（）（2分）A.上使外將兵 B.其一犬坐于前．．C.腰白玉之環(huán) D.日扳仲永環(huán)謁于邑人。．．2.下列各組句子中加點詞的意義相同的一項是（）（2分）A.①實是欲界之仙都。②然是中有深趣也。．．B.①未復(fù)有能與其奇者。②與月上下。．．C.①復(fù)與疏鐘相間。②肉食者謀之又何間焉。．．D.①倘能從我游乎？ ②請從吏夜歸。．．3.把文中加橫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。（4分）（1）夕陽欲頹，沉鱗競躍。

（2）非子天機(jī)清妙者，豈能以此不急之務(wù)相邀？

4.甲文中的“猿鳥亂鳴”和乙文中的“吠聲如豹”都是寫聲音描寫，其作用有何不同？（2分）5.甲、乙兩文都是寫給朋友的書信，分別表達(dá)了作者怎樣的愿望？（3分）

答案： 1.C 2.D 3.（1）夕陽要落山了，潛游的魚兒爭相跳出水面。（2）如果你不是這樣天性清新高雅的人，我哪能用這不打緊的事務(wù)（游山玩水的閑事）相邀呢？ 4.示例：“猿鳥亂鳴”使景色靈動，充滿生機(jī)活力；“吠聲如豹”以動寫靜，襯托了冬夜的空曠寂靜。

5.示例：甲文和朋友分享對山川之美的熱愛和隱逸情懷；乙文邀請朋友來山中同游，委婉希望他淡泊名利，回歸自然。

（2015·沈陽市）

閱讀選文，完成1-4題。（16分）【甲】

山川之美，古來共談。高峰入云，清流見底。兩岸石壁，五色交輝。青林翠竹，四時俱

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備。曉霧將歇，猿鳥亂鳴；夕日欲頹，沉鱗競躍。真是就界之仙都。自康樂以來，來復(fù)有能與其奇者。

【乙】

①印度之人，隨地稱國，語其所美，謂之印度。若其封疆之域，可得而言。五印度之境，周九萬余里。三垂大海，北背雪山。北廣南狹，形如半月。畫野區(qū)分，七十余國。時特暑熱，②③④地多泉濕。北乃山阜隱軫，丘陵舄鹵；東則川野沃潤疇隴膏腴南方草木榮茂。西方土地磽⑤確…。斯大概也，可略言焉。

（選自《大唐西域記》，有刪節(jié)）

【注釋】①五印度．指當(dāng)時印度分為東、西、南、北、中五個部分。②山阜（fù）隱軫【zhěn] 很多高山。③丘陵舄（xì）鹵丘陵地帶是鹽堿地。舄鹵，鹽堿地。④疇∶已耕作的田地。⑤磽(qiāo)確：指土地十分貧瘠，多形容沙石之地不適宜耕種。

1.下面句子中加點詞的意思或用法相同的一組是（）（3分）A.印度之人馬之千里者（《馬說》）．．B.隨地稱國國恒亡（《生于憂患，死于安樂》）．．C.北乃山阜臆軫乃不知有漢（《桃花源記》）．．D.西方土地磽確今齊地方千里（《鄒忌諷齊王納諫》）．．2.請用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下面句子。（7分）（1）高峰入云，清流見底。

（2）北廣南挾，形如半月。

（3）斯大概也，可略言焉。

3.請用“／”給下面的句子斷句。（斷兩處）（2分）東則川野沃潤疇隴膏腴南方草木榮茂

4.《答謝中書書》是南朝時陶弘景寫給謝中書的一封書信，境界清新，《大唐西域記》是千多年前玄奘西行的情況記述，為《西游記》的創(chuàng)作奠定了基礎(chǔ)。請分別用【甲】【乙】兩文中的四字短語概括選文的主要內(nèi)容。（4分）

【甲】________________________________________________________________ 【乙】________________________________________________________________ 答案： 1.B 2.（1）高高的山峰聳八云霄，清澈的溪流能見到水底。（2）（印度的疆域）北面廣闊，南面狹窄，形狀好像半個月亮。（3）這是大體狀況，大致簡要敘述一下。

4.東則川野沃潤／疇隴膏腴／南方草木榮茂 5.【甲】山川之美【乙】封疆之域

（2015·泉州市）

閱讀下面文言文，完成1—4題（16分）

（甲）山川之美，古來共談。高峰入云，清流見底。兩岸石壁，五色交輝。青林翠竹，四時俱備。曉霧將歇，猿鳥亂鳴；夕日欲頹，沈鱗競躍，實是欲界之仙都，自康樂以來，未復(fù)有能與其奇者。（《答謝中書書》）

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（乙）子曰：“飯疏食飲水，曲肱①而枕之，樂在其中矣。不義②富貴，于我如浮云。”（《論語》）注：①肱：（gōng）胳膊 ②義：遵守道義

1.下面加點詞意思相同的一項是（）（3分）A.清流見底見往事耳．．B.實是欲界之仙都每假借于藏書之家．．C.于我如浮云皆以美于徐公．．D.自康樂以來自非亭午夜分不見曦月．．2.解釋加點詞。（3分）（1）古來共談

共：（2）夕日欲頹頹：．．（3）未復(fù)有能與其奇者

與：．3.把下列句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。（6分）（1）曉霧將歇，猿鳥亂鳴。

（2）曲肱而枕之，樂在其中矣。

8.甲乙兩文“樂”的情趣分別是什么？（4分）

答案：

1.（3分）B 2.（3分）共同，一起墜落欣賞 3.（6分）（1）早晨的薄霧將要散盡，猿猴和鳥兒此起彼伏的鳴叫。（“歇”，“亂”各0.5分）

（2）彎著胳膊當(dāng)枕頭，樂趣也就在其中了。（“曲”，“亦”各0.5分）

4.（4分）甲文：①作者欣賞山林之美的情趣。②作者酷愛山林，歸隱林泉的志趣。③作者將內(nèi)心對山林之美的感受與友人分享的樂趣。（2分，答出一點即可）

乙文：①粗茶淡飯卻能隨遇而安（安貧樂道）。②視不正當(dāng)?shù)玫降母毁F如浮云的高尚情操。（2分，答出一點即可）

（2012·益陽市）閱讀下文，回答問題。（11分）

【甲】山川之美，古來共談。高峰入云，清流見底。兩岸石壁，五色交輝。青林翠竹，四時俱備。曉霧將歇，猿鳥亂鳴。夕日欲頹，沉鱗競躍。實是欲界之仙都，自康樂以來，未復(fù)有能與其奇者。

《答謝中書書》

【乙】風(fēng)煙俱凈，天山共色。從流飄蕩，任意東西。自富陽至桐廬一百許里，奇山異水，天下獨絕。

水皆縹碧，千丈見底。游魚細(xì)石，直視無礙。急湍甚箭，猛浪若奔。

夾岸高山，皆生寒樹，負(fù)勢競上，互相軒邈，爭高直指，千百成峰。泉水激石，泠泠作響；好鳥相鳴，嚶嚶成韻。蟬則千轉(zhuǎn)不窮，猿則百叫無絕。鳶飛戾天者，望峰息心；經(jīng)綸世務(wù)者，窺谷忘反。橫柯上蔽，在晝猶昏；疏條交映，有時見日。

《與朱元思書》

1.下面句子的朗讀停頓劃分不正確的一項是（）（2分）．．．A.實是/欲界之仙都 B.蟬/則千轉(zhuǎn)不窮 C.自/富陽至桐廬一百許里 D.水/皆縹碧

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2.對下列句子中加點詞理解錯誤的一項是（）（2分）．．A.曉霧將歇，猿鳥亂鳴（消散）．B.急湍甚箭，猛浪若奔（奔跑）．C.未復(fù)有能與其奇者（參與，這里指欣賞）．D.經(jīng)綸世務(wù)者，窺谷忘反（通“返”）．3.甲文中統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全文的句子是“ ”；乙文中總領(lǐng)下文寫景的句子是“ ”。（2分）

4.用現(xiàn)代漢語寫出下面句子的意思。（2分）（1）夕日欲頹，沉鱗競躍

（2）從流飄蕩，任意東西

5.甲乙兩文都是寫自然景物，表達(dá)了作者對的熱愛之情。但兩文的思想格調(diào)不盡一樣，甲文全篇充滿樂觀情趣，而乙文則暗含作者對塵世生活的厭棄之情，從文中“ ”即可看出。（3分）

答案： 1.C 2.B 3.山川之美，古來共談奇山異水，天下獨絕

4.（1）太陽快要落山了，潛游在水中的魚爭相跳出水面。（準(zhǔn)確譯出“頹”、“沉鱗”，語句通順）（2）（我乘船）隨著江流飄蕩，任意往東或往西。（準(zhǔn)確譯出“從”、“東西”，語句通順）

5.山水自然；鳶飛戾天者，望峰息心；經(jīng)綸世務(wù)者，窺谷忘反

（五）（2010年福建省福州市）比較閱讀甲文《答謝中書書》和乙文《記承天寺夜游》，完成1—4題。(18分)【甲文】山川之美，古來共談。高峰入云，清流見底。兩岸石壁，五色交輝。青林翠竹。四時俱備。曉霧將歇，猿鳥亂鳴；夕日欲頹，沉鱗競躍。實是欲界之仙都。自康樂以來，未復(fù)有能與其奇者。

【乙文】元豐六年十月十二日夜，解衣欲睡月色入戶欣然起行念無與為樂者遂至承天寺尋張懷民。懷民亦未寢，相與步于中庭。庭下如積水空明，水中藻、荇交橫，蓋竹柏影也。何夜無月?何處無竹柏?但少閑人如吾兩人者耳。

1.用“／”為文中畫線句子標(biāo)出停頓。(2分)解衣欲睡月色人戶欣然起行念無與為樂者遂至承天寺尋張懷民。2.解釋下列加點的詞。(4分)(1)曉霧將歇()(2)未復(fù)有能與其奇者()．．(3)懷民亦未寢()(4)但少閑人如吾兩人者耳()．．3.用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下列句子。(4分)(1)沉鱗競躍。

(2)相與步于中庭。

4.填空。(8分)

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(1)甲文寫景動靜相襯，其中通過生命活動的描寫，為景增添動感的語句是“__________”和 “__________”。乙文寫景的名句是“__________”。(4分)(2)甲乙兩文都寫了自然景物，甲文描繪了“□□之美”，乙文描寫了“□□之美”。但兩文表達(dá)的思想感情有所不同，甲文表達(dá)了作者的思想感情；乙文則把賞月的欣喜、漫步的悠閑、貶謫的悲涼、人生的感慨等微妙復(fù)雜的思想感情濃縮在文中“__________”的語句中。(4分)答案：

1.解衣欲睡／月色入戶／欣然起行／念無與為樂者／遂至承天寺尋張懷民。2.(1)消散(2)參與，這里指欣賞(3)睡覺(4)只是

3.(1)潛游在水中的魚爭相跳出水面。(2)我們一起在庭院中做步。

4.(1)猿鳥亂鳴沉鱗競躍庭下如積水空明，水中藻、荇交橫，蓋竹柏影也。(2)山川月色(月夜)熱愛自然，沉醉山水(意思對即可)但少閑人如吾兩人者耳

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第四篇：近五年全國高考語文作文題目解析

近五年全國高考語文作文題目解析 2013年全國高考作文解析

1、【新課標(biāo)卷】

閱讀下面的材料，根據(jù)要求寫一篇不少于800字的文章。一位商人發(fā)現(xiàn)并買下了一塊晶瑩剔透，大如蛋黃的鉆石，他請專家檢驗，專家大加贊賞，但為鉆石中有道裂紋表示惋惜，并說：“如果沒有裂紋切割成兩塊，能使鉆石增值，只是一旦失敗，損失就大了?！痹鯓忧懈钸@塊鉆石呢？商人咨詢了很多切割師，他們都不愿動手，說風(fēng)險太大。

后來，一位技藝高超的老切割師答應(yīng)試試，他設(shè)計了周密的切割方案，然后指導(dǎo)年輕的徒弟動手操作。當(dāng)著商人的面，徒弟一下了就把鉆石切成了兩塊，商人捧起兩塊鉆石，十分感慨，老切割師說：“要有經(jīng)驗，技術(shù)，但更要有勇氣，不去想價值的事，手就不會發(fā)抖。”

要求選擇好角度，確定立意，明確文體，自擬標(biāo)題，不要脫離材料內(nèi)容及含意的范圍作文，不要套作，不得抄襲。

【點評】

這則關(guān)于鉆石切割的材料，屬于典型的材料作文，富于時代氣息，社會意義豐富，思想傾向鮮明，難易程度適中，學(xué)生有話可說，是一則可圈可點的好作文題。

這篇文章在審題上毫無難度可言，文章只能這樣寫，這時候就考你是不是能夠找到一個特別漂亮的例子進(jìn)行說明。審題立意的關(guān)鍵是從整體上把握材料寓意，尤其是老雕刻家最后的話。立意角度有二：老雕刻家的話和鉆石。從老雕刻家的角度立意，可以圍繞“經(jīng)驗誠可貴，勇氣價更高”、“成功來自勇氣”、“成功既需要經(jīng)驗，更需要勇氣”、“做事需心無旁騖，無所畏懼”等切入；從鉆石的角度立意，則可以從“瑕疵不足畏，改變成就美”、“要勇于改變自我”、“與過去決裂，勇于做新的自己”等角度切入。當(dāng)然，從第一個角度切入是中心立意，也最容易寫作。

寫作時要想出類拔萃，需要注意以下幾點：

1、把握住“勇氣”這一關(guān)鍵詞，咬定青山不放松，要有材料意識、話題意識、主題意識；

2、選擇最擅長的文體，例如議論文；

3、打造文章亮點，例如畫龍點睛，閃亮開頭，結(jié)構(gòu)井然，前后呼應(yīng)，卷面美觀等。

【例文】

淡抹了年華（記敘文）

17歲以前的我，想哭就大聲地哭，想笑就大聲地笑，真是不知愁滋味。

那時的我，敢這么說，還不懂得什么叫做憂傷。周圍有很多好同學(xué)，可以讓我不開心的時候隨意“打罵”以消心頭之氣，可她們的臉上卻依然綻放著最美麗的微笑，無論我怎么任性、怎么胡鬧，她們都會最大限度地包容我，也許她們會因為我過分的蠻橫而生氣，沒關(guān)系，她們第二天照樣會和我繼續(xù)瘋玩打鬧，然后再繼續(xù)忍受我的“無理取鬧”。

所有的東西都是在遠(yuǎn)去之后才想轉(zhuǎn)身再重復(fù)一遍來路。

在一家雜貨的遇到小學(xué)時的同桌，其實，我一眼便認(rèn)出了她，只是名字記不得，模樣不如從前，路邊疾馳的卡車掀起滿地灰塵，我低頭繞開，轉(zhuǎn)身裝作不曾認(rèn)識。

遠(yuǎn)隔人海我回望，發(fā)現(xiàn)她望了我一眼，兩人默默地背道而馳。原來她也當(dāng)我是個陌生人。

時間是最無情的刻刀雕刻著我們歲月的流逝，卻不允許你做任何的緬懷。無聊時，經(jīng)常翻著手機(jī)通訊錄里滾動的同學(xué)的名字。內(nèi)心總會有一瞬間的沖動，想按下綠色的電話圖標(biāo)鍵，但最終還是遲疑地把手僵持在半空。手機(jī)卻突然響起，屏幕上顯示著熟悉又陌生的名字，我又驚又喜。你說：“我想打耳洞已經(jīng)很久了，你到底什么時候陪我去??！不知道要和最好的同學(xué)一起打嗎？我等你很久了！”“白癡??！你著什么急？馬上放暑假了啊！到時候一起去?！?/p>

這是我們曾經(jīng)有過的默契，我相信它還在，所以我非常喜歡這句話：“當(dāng)過盡了千帆，你還在我身邊。還有什么好奢望的美好呢？”

我又想，有些東西是沒那么容易就被時間打敗。比如我們在不同的地方看同一部電視劇，當(dāng)看見女主角離開男主角時，你發(fā)短信跟我說：“有些人我們不能擁有，卻終究要學(xué)著放手，但有一些人，你打也好罵也好，他永遠(yuǎn)不會離開”。

我知道你是在告訴我你一直都在。我們心里都很青春，成長就是這樣，痛并快樂著。我們不得不接受生活帶給我們一切傷害，然后我們才能無所畏懼的長大。

淡抹的年華，清新怡人。讓我們的美好年華刻進(jìn)這永久的同學(xué)關(guān)系中，走在歲月的光影里，照亮我們彼此的前程吧！

高考作文滿分作文點評：

1、新穎的角度。文章以“淡抹了年華”為標(biāo)題，意在告訴我們，良好的同學(xué)關(guān)系即使被時間淘洗，也不會被人遺忘，留給我們的都會是清晰美好的回憶。

2、唯美的抒情。文章以散文化的語言，唯美的抒情，給讀者呈現(xiàn)了“我”映象中“淡抹了年華”的清新怡人，而不是悲傷的調(diào)子，把良好的同學(xué)關(guān)系的回憶變成了一篇唯美的詩歌，讀給我們聽，讓我們體會同學(xué)之間的關(guān)系多么值得珍重啊！

3、巧妙的構(gòu)思。文章緊緊圍繞散文“形散神聚”的特點來行文，但又不拘于此，考生是善于在關(guān)節(jié)點處語出驚人，如“所有的東西都是在遠(yuǎn)處之后才想轉(zhuǎn)身再重復(fù)一遍來路”，不僅在結(jié)構(gòu)上承上啟下，在內(nèi)容上，也點破了散文的“神”。

2、【新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅱ】

閱讀下面的材料，根據(jù)要求寫一篇不少于800字的文章。

高中學(xué)習(xí)階段，你一定在班集體里度過了美好的時光，收獲了深厚的情誼，同窗共讀，互相幫助，彼此激勵，即便是一次不愉快的爭執(zhí)，都給你留下難忘的記憶，伴你走向成熟。

某機(jī)構(gòu)就“同學(xué)關(guān)系”問題在幾所學(xué)校作了一次調(diào)查。結(jié)果顯示，60%的人表示滿意，36%的人認(rèn)為一般，4%的人覺得不滿意。

如果同學(xué)關(guān)系緊張，原因是什么？有人認(rèn)為是我自我意識過強(qiáng)，有人認(rèn)為是志趣，性格不合，也有人認(rèn)為緣于競爭激烈，等等。

對于增進(jìn)同學(xué)間的友好關(guān)系，營造和諧氛圍，72%的人表示非常有信心，他們認(rèn)為互相尊重，理解和包容，遇事多為他人著想，關(guān)系就會更加融洽。要求選好角度，確定立意，明確文體，自擬標(biāo)題，不要脫離材料內(nèi)容及含意，不得抄襲。

【點評】

這篇作文從高中生的同學(xué)關(guān)系入手，切合了學(xué)生的生活實際，針對性強(qiáng)，直接面對學(xué)生現(xiàn)狀,讓學(xué)生有話可說。很明顯，這道作文題切合了室友投毒事件，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生由社會新聞反思自身。在導(dǎo)向上，強(qiáng)調(diào)和諧美好的同學(xué)關(guān)系 “即使是一次不愉快的爭執(zhí)，都給你留下難忘的記憶，伴你走向成熟”奠定了作文寫作的健康導(dǎo)向。從調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)起引，強(qiáng)調(diào)了求真求實的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)作風(fēng)，讓同學(xué)關(guān)系話題顯得有話可寫。最主要的是對于考生，這樣的作文不會造成學(xué)生無話可說，出現(xiàn)審題失誤。

材料給了多方面可以確定的立意：

1、同床共讀，互相幫助，彼此激勵，不愉快的爭執(zhí)等同學(xué)關(guān)系往事給留下難忘的記憶，可以寫成記敘文，重在描寫，妙在倒序，可以創(chuàng)新書信等體裁。

2、探討同學(xué)關(guān)系緊張的原因，材料提供了自我意識、志趣性格、競爭三個角度，可以攻其一點，也可以多點綜合，更可以另抒新見，可以發(fā)表議論，也可以借助故事闡發(fā)道理，宜聯(lián)系歷史、社會深入分析，不宜面面俱到，蜻蜓點水。

3、如何增進(jìn)同學(xué)間關(guān)系，材料提供了尊重、理解、包容、換位思考等方式。

從總體上說，本文寫記敘文較有話可說，但要注意不要平鋪直敘，記流水賬，要從小處著眼，講究波瀾與語言。寫議論文，要注意跳出自我的小圈子，不要通篇以周邊同學(xué)論證，因而缺乏說服性。且材料貼近社會與學(xué)生實際，比如前段時間的大學(xué)投毒案，學(xué)生對這類材料主題非常熟悉，大部分的考生都能清晰審出、把握作文的話題。寫作也有很大發(fā)揮空間，比如主題可以以關(guān)心關(guān)愛他人、包容他人、和諧共處等都可以寫。

今年的作文題目形式新穎，通過同學(xué)間的人際關(guān)系引申到社會關(guān)系如何融洽，可以從多角度切入來闡述主題。

【范文】

能為？敢為?。ㄗh論文）

鉆石的價值確實不菲，切割時一旦失手再過晶瑩也難免淪為廢品，于是也就難倒了眾多的切割師。老切割師固然有著超群卓越的技術(shù)，他能為，卻少了小徒弟那份敢于操刀的勇氣，不敢為；無技術(shù)，少經(jīng)驗，固然不能成事，但少了可嘉的勇氣，就囿于平庸，難成大事。

敢為，為天下先，超脫平凡。

建國之初，我國經(jīng)歷了清滿腐朽，外國掠奪，日寇蹂躪，蔣氏摧殘，一窮二白，滿目蕭然；又加之十年動蕩，法制、經(jīng)濟(jì)、人文各個領(lǐng)域都到了奔潰的邊緣。政壇彷徨，此際，我們偉大的鄧爺爺以敢為天下先的勇氣大刀闊斧，撥亂反正，締造了我國獨特的社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展。春意盎然，他修憲法、正思想，開特區(qū)，收香港，春天的故事不可謂不雄壯。

此番事業(yè)，來源于鄧小平爺爺獨特的政治眼光和超強(qiáng)的預(yù)見力，他能為；但更重要的是他有敢為天下先的勇氣。如果鄧爺爺只是一味在乎中國國土的穩(wěn)定，而不敢改革開放，大概今日上海灘的霓虹燈也不會燦爛奪目。敢為，敢做，超脫平凡。

敢為，為世界先，別樣精彩。

在科學(xué)界，自古至今，天文，地理、物理、化學(xué)??無一領(lǐng)域不是充滿著探索與發(fā)現(xiàn)，推陳與出新。他雖身材矮小，卻是舉起太陽的勇士，不畏宗教的迫害。不囿于固有的傳統(tǒng)，哥白尼多年的觀測使他能為，但真正促使他敢為世界先，提出“日心說”的卻是他那份敢于刺破傳統(tǒng)，忘懷得失，不計利害的勇氣。

他其貌不揚，卻繞海航行，不斷探索，找出人類的祖先，與世界相悖，卻成就別樣精彩，面對世界的質(zhì)疑與嘲笑，他不屑一顧；面對教士的鄙視與戲弄，他不留心間。多年證據(jù)的積累，生物科學(xué)的卓越成就，達(dá)爾文他能為，但真正使他不顧忌世人的眼光，將自我利益置之于度外的卻是他敢為世界先的勇氣。

敢為，為世界先，忘懷于手中的利益，拋卻心里的負(fù)擔(dān)，成就別樣精彩！

在人生中，面對許多事，我們都有足夠的能力與經(jīng)驗，但卻往往難以卸下心靈的負(fù)擔(dān)，不敢沖破現(xiàn)有的條條框框，少了那份敢為天下先的勇氣與決心，最終碌碌此生。漫漫長路，精彩就在于一次次敢于挑戰(zhàn)的勇氣，貴不再能而在敢。

能為？是質(zhì)疑；敢為，是贊嘆！

第五篇：近五年高考語文全國卷文言文閱讀

一、2016年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷文言文閱讀閱讀下面的文言文，完成4～7題

曾公亮，字明仲，泉州晉江人。舉進(jìn)士甲科，知會稽縣。民田鏡湖旁，每患湖溢。公亮立斗門，泄水入曹娥江，民受其利。以端明殿學(xué)士知鄭州，為政有能聲盜悉竄他境至夜戶不閉嘗有使客亡囊中物移書詰盜公亮報吾境不藏盜殆從之者廋耳索之果然公亮明練文法，更踐九，習(xí)知朝廷臺閣典憲，首相韓琦每咨訪焉。仁宗末年，琦請建儲，與公亮等共定大議。密州民田產(chǎn)銀，或盜取之，大理當(dāng)以強(qiáng)。公亮曰：“此禁物也，取之雖強(qiáng)，與盜物民家有間矣?！惫虪幹?，遂下有司議，比劫禁物法，盜得不死。契丹縱人漁界河，又?jǐn)?shù)通鹽舟，吏不敢禁，皆謂：與之校，且生事。公亮言：“萌芽不禁，后將奈何？雄州趙滋勇而有謀，可任也?！笔怪I以指意，邊害訖息，英宗即位，加中書侍郎兼禮部尚書，尋加戶部尚書，帝不豫，遼使至不能見，命公亮宴于館，使者不肯赴。公亮質(zhì)之曰：“錫宴不赴，是不虔君命也，人主有疾，而必使親臨，處之安乎？”使者即就席。熙寧三年，拜司空兼侍中，河陽三城節(jié)度使，明年，起判永興軍。居一歲，還京師。旋以太傅致仕，元豐元年卒，年八十，帝臨哭，輟朝三日，公亮方厚莊重，沉深周密，平居謹(jǐn)繩墨，蹈規(guī)矩；然性吝嗇，殖貨至巨萬，初薦王安石，及同輔政，知上方向之，陰為子孫計，凡更張庶事，一切聽順，而外若不與之者。常遣子孝寬參其謀，至上前略無所異，于是帝益信任安石。安石德其助己，故引擢孝寬至樞密以報之。蘇軾嘗從容責(zé)公亮不能救正，世譏其持祿固寵云。（節(jié)選自《宋史·曾公亮傳》）4．下列對文中畫波浪線部分的斷句，正確的一項是（3分）

A．為政有能聲/盜悉竄他境/至夜戶不閉/嘗有使客亡囊中物移書/詰盜/公亮報/吾境不藏盜/殆從者之廋耳/索之/果然/ B．為政有能聲/盜悉竄他境/至夜戶不閉/嘗有使客亡囊中物/移書詰盜/公亮報/吾境不藏盜/殆從者之廋耳/索之/果然/ C．為政有能聲/盜悉竄/他境至夜戶不閉/嘗有使客亡囊中物移書/詰盜/公亮報/吾境不藏盜/殆從者之廋耳/索之/果然/ D．為政有能聲/盜悉竄/他境至夜戶不閉/嘗有使客亡囊中物/移書詰盜/公亮報/吾境不藏盜/殆從者之廋耳/索之/果然/ 5．下列對文中加點詞語的相關(guān)內(nèi)容的解說，不正確的一項是（3分）

A．首相指宰相中居于首位的人，與當(dāng)今某些國家內(nèi)閣或政府首腦的含義并不相同。B．建儲義為確定儲君，也即確定皇位的繼承人，我國古代通常采用嫡長子繼承制。C．古代朝廷中分職設(shè)官，各有專司，所以可用“有司”來指稱朝廷中的各級官員。D．契丹是古國名，后來改國號為遼，先后與五代和北宋并立，與中原常發(fā)生爭端。6．下列對原文有關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括和分析，不正確的一項是（3分）

A．曾公亮初入仕途，為民興利除弊，他進(jìn)士及第后任職會稽縣，當(dāng)時湖水常常外溢，民田受害，他興修水利工程，將水引入曹娥江，民眾因此得益。

B．曾公亮久經(jīng)歷練，通曉典章制度。他熟知朝廷政務(wù)，首相韓琦每每向他咨詢；密州有人偷盜民田產(chǎn)銀，他認(rèn)為判處死刑過重，據(jù)理力爭，最終改判。

C．曾公亮防患未然，止息邊地事端。契丹違約在界河捕魚運鹽，他認(rèn)為萌芽不禁終將釀成大禍，派使者偕同雄州趙滋前往調(diào)解，邊地雙方得以相安無事。

D．曾公亮老謀深算，暗中為子孫計。他為人深沉，思慮周密，曾舉薦王安石，安石受到寵信，他考慮子孫前程，不露痕跡地處處隨順安石，終于得到回報。7．把文中畫橫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。（10分）

（1）錫宴不赴，是不虔君命也。人主有疾，而必使親臨，處之安乎？（5分）

（2）蘇軾嘗從容責(zé)公亮不能救正，世譏其持祿固寵云。（5分）

二、2016年新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷閱讀下面的文言文，完成4-7題。

陳登云，字從龍，唐山人，萬歷五年進(jìn)士，出鄢陵知縣，征授御史，出接遼東，疏陳安攘十冊，又請速首功之賞，改巡山西。還朝，會廷臣方爭建儲。登云謂議不早決，由貴妃家陰沮之。十六年六月遂因災(zāi)異抗疏，劾妃父鄭承憲，言：“承憲懷禍藏奸窺覬儲貳且廣結(jié)術(shù)士之流曩陛下重懲科場冒籍承憲妻每揚言事由己發(fā)用以恐嚇勛貴簧鼓朝紳不但惠安遭其虐焰，即中宮與太后家亦謹(jǐn)避其鋒矣，陛下享國久長，自由敬德所致，而承憲每對人言，以為不立東宮之效。干擾盛典，蓄隱邪謀，他日何所不至？”疏入，貴妃、承憲皆怒，同列亦為登云危，帝竟留中不下。久之，疏論吏部尚書陸光祖，又論貶四川提學(xué)副使馮時可，論罷應(yīng)天巡撫李淶、順天巡撫王致祥，又論禮部侍郎韓世能、尚書羅萬化、南京太仆卿徐用檢、朝右皆憚之。時方考選科道，登云因疏言：“近歲言官，壬午以前怵于威，則摧剛為柔；壬午以后昵于情，則化直為佞。其間豈無剛直之人，而弗勝齟齬，多不能安其身。二十年來，以剛直擢京卿者百止一二耳。背公植黨，遂嗜乞憐，如所謂‘七豺’‘八狗’者，言路顧居其半。夫臺諫為天下持是非，而使人賤辱至此，安望其抗顏直繩，為國家除大奸、殲巨蠹哉！與其誤用而斥之，不若慎于始進(jìn)?！币驐l數(shù)事以獻(xiàn)，出按河南。歲大饑，人相食。副使崔應(yīng)麟見民啖澤中雁矢，囊示登云，登云即進(jìn)之于朝。帝立遣肆丞鍾化民赍帑幣振之。登云巡方者三，風(fēng)裁峻厲。以久之當(dāng)擢京卿，累寢不下，遂移疾歸。尋卒。

（節(jié)選自《明史·陳登云傳》）

4．下列對文中畫波浪線部分的斷句，正確的一項是（3分）（）

A．承憲懷禍藏奸/窺覬儲貳且廣結(jié)術(shù)士之流/曩陛下重懲科場/冒籍承憲妻每揚言事由己發(fā)/用以恐喝勛貴/簧鼓朝紳/ B．承憲懷禍藏奸/窺覬儲貳/且廣結(jié)術(shù)士之流/曩陛下重懲科場冒籍/承憲妻每揚言/事由己發(fā)用以恐喝勛貴/簧鼓朝紳/ C．承憲懷禍藏奸/窺覬儲貳/且廣結(jié)術(shù)士之流/曩陛下重懲科場冒籍/承憲妻每揚言事由己發(fā)/用以恐喝勛貴/簧鼓朝紳/ D．承憲懷禍藏奸/窺覬儲貳且廣結(jié)術(shù)士之流/曩陛下重懲科場/冒籍承憲妻每揚言/事由己發(fā)用以恐喝勛貴/簧鼓朝紳/ 5．下列對文中加點詞語的相關(guān)內(nèi)容的解說，不正確的一項是（3分）（）

A．中宮是皇后所居之宮，后來又可以借指皇后，這與東宮又可以借指太子是同樣道理。B．陛下指宮殿中立有護(hù)衛(wèi)的臺階下，因群臣不可直呼帝王，于是借用為對帝王的尊稱。C．吏部是古代六部之一，掌管文官任免、考核、升降、調(diào)動等，長官為吏部尚書。D．移疾指官員上書稱病，實際是官員受到權(quán)臣詆毀，不得不請求退職的委婉說法。6．下列對原文有關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括和分析，不正確的一項是（3分）（）

A．陳登云不畏權(quán)貴，彈劾貴妃之父。他出于對朝廷的忠心，即便對鄭承憲這樣的國戚，也大膽揭發(fā)對方為非作歹，包藏禍心，幸而皇上并未因此發(fā)怒。

B．陳登云敢于直言，檢舉多名重臣。他在朝既久，發(fā)現(xiàn)諸多問題，于是奏告一干大臣，其中有些人因此遭到貶職或罷免，以至朝廷大官們都很畏懼他。

C．陳登云上疏指出，選才慎于始進(jìn)。他認(rèn)為二十年來，剛直者很少被提拔進(jìn)京，在朝者卻背公結(jié)黨，諂媚權(quán)貴，與其誤用后罷免，不如進(jìn)用時慎重。

D．陳登云關(guān)心百姓，奏請救助災(zāi)區(qū)。在他巡視河南期間，當(dāng)?shù)啬瓿汕甘?，百姓相食，他向朝廷呈告?zāi)情，皇上當(dāng)即派遣寺丞鍾化民籌措錢款賑濟(jì)災(zāi)民。7．把文中畫橫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。（10分）（1）其間豈無剛直之人，而弗勝齟齬，多不能安其身。

（2）副使崔應(yīng)麟見民啖澤中雁矢，囊示登云，登云即進(jìn)之于朝。

三、2016年新課標(biāo)Ⅲ卷閱讀下列文言文，完成4-7題。傅珪，字邦瑞，清苑人。成化二十三年進(jìn)士。改庶吉士。弘治中，授編修，尋兼司經(jīng)局校書。與修《大明會典》成，遷左中允。武宗立，以東宮恩，進(jìn)左諭德，充講官，纂修《孝宗實錄》。時詞臣不附劉瑾，瑾惡之。謂《會典》成于劉健等多所糜費鐫與修者官降珪修撰俄以《實錄》成進(jìn)左中允再遷翰林學(xué)士歷吏部左右侍郎。正德六年，代費宏為禮部尚書。禮部事視他部為簡，自珪數(shù)有執(zhí)爭，章奏遂多。帝好佛，自稱“大慶法王”。番僧乞田百頃為法王下院，中旨下部，稱大慶法王與圣旨并。珪佯不知，執(zhí)奏：“孰為大慶法王？敢與至尊并書，大不敬?！痹t勿問，田亦竟止。珪居閑類木訥者。及當(dāng)大事，毅然執(zhí)持，人不能奪，卒以此忤權(quán)幸去。教坊司臧賢請易牙牌，制如朝士，又請改鑄方印。珪格不行。賢日夜騰謗于諸閹間，冀去珪。流寇擾河南，太監(jiān)陸訚謀督師，下廷議，莫敢先發(fā)。珪厲聲曰：“師老民疲，賊日熾，以冒功者多，僨事者漏罰，失將士心。先所遣已無功，可復(fù)遣耶？今賊橫行郊圻肘腋間，民囂然思亂，禍旦夕及宗社。吾儕死不償責(zé)，諸公安得首鼠兩端?！庇墒亲h罷。疏上，竟遣訚，而中官皆憾珪。御史張羽奏云南災(zāi)。珪因極言四方災(zāi)變可畏。八年五月，復(fù)奏四月災(zāi)，因言：“春秋二百四十二年，災(zāi)變六十九事。今自去秋來，地震天鳴，雹降星殞，龍虎出見，地裂山崩，凡四十有二，而水旱不與焉，災(zāi)未有若是甚者。”極陳時弊十事，語多斥權(quán)幸，權(quán)幸益深嫉之。會戶部尚書孫交亦以守正見忤，遂矯旨令二人致仕。兩京言官交章請留，不聽。珪歸三年，御史盧雍稱珪在位有古大臣風(fēng)，家無儲蓄，日給為累，乞頒月廩、歲隸，以示優(yōu)禮。又謂珪剛直忠讜，當(dāng)起用。吏部請如雍言，不報。而珪適卒，年五十七。遣命毋請恤典。撫、按以為言，詔廕其子中書舍人。嘉靖元年錄先朝守正大臣，追贈太子少保，謚文毅。（節(jié)選自《明史·傅珪傳》）

4．下列對文中畫波浪線部分的斷句，正確的一項是（3分）

A．謂《會典》成于劉健等/多所糜費/鐫與修者/官降珪修撰/俄以《實錄》成/進(jìn)左中允/再遷翰林學(xué)士/歷吏部左/右侍郎/ B．謂《會典》成于劉健等/多所糜費/鐫與修者官/降珪修撰/俄以《實錄》成/進(jìn)左中允/再遷翰林學(xué)士/歷吏部左/右侍郎/ C．謂《會典》成于劉健等/多所糜費/鐫與修者官/降珪修撰/俄以《實錄》成進(jìn)/左中允再遷翰林學(xué)士/歷吏部左/右侍郎/ D．謂《會典》成于劉健等/多所糜費/鐫與修者/官降珪修撰/俄以《實錄》成進(jìn)/左中允再遷翰林學(xué)士/歷吏部左/右侍郎/ 5．下列對文中加點詞語的相關(guān)內(nèi)容的解說，不正確的一項是（3分）

A．禮部為六部之一，掌管禮儀、祭祀、土地、戶籍等職事，部長官稱為禮部尚書。B．教坊司是管理宮廷音樂的官署，專管雅樂以外的音樂、歌舞的教習(xí)等演出事務(wù)。C．致仕本義是將享受的祿位交還給君王，表示官員辭去官職或到規(guī)定年齡而離職。D．歷史上的“兩京”有多種所指，文中則指明代永樂年間遷都以后的南北兩處京城。6．下列對原文有關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括和分析，不正確的一頂是（3分）

A．傅珪進(jìn)入仕途，參與纂修文獻(xiàn)。弘治年間，他兼任司經(jīng)局校書，參與編修《大明會典》得以升職；武宗繼位，他進(jìn)位左諭德，充講官，修撰《孝宗實錄》。

B．傅珪任職禮部．勸諫講究策略。他擔(dān)任禮部尚書時，由于屢有爭端，上奏增多；番僧因帝好佛求地百頃，他佯作不知皇上自稱大慶法王，不理會給地的事。

C．傅珪守正不阿，反遭誣蔑報復(fù)。每遇大事，他都能堅持己見，不肯隨意改易，因而觸怒許多人；后因得罪權(quán)貴被迫退休，雖有言官請留，他仍堅持離職。

D．傅珪為官清廉，死后受到好評。御史盧雍稱贊他在位時有古代大臣風(fēng)范，歸鄉(xiāng)后家無積蓄，艱難度日；嘉靖元年，他被列為先朝守正大臣，追謚為文毅。7．把文中畫橫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。（10分）見原文。

四、2015年高考新課標(biāo)1卷閱讀下面的文言文，完成4——7題。

孫傅，字伯野，海州人，登進(jìn)士第，為禮部員外郎。時蔡條為尚書，傅為言天下事，勸其亟有所更，不然必敗。條不能用。遷至中書舍人。宣和末高麗人入貢使者所過調(diào)夫治舟騷然煩費傅言索民力以妨農(nóng)功而于中國無絲毫之益宰相謂其所論同蘇軾奏貶蘄州安置給事中許翰以為傅論議雖偶與軾合，意亦亡他，以職論事而責(zé)之過矣，翰亦罷去。靖康元年，召為給事中，進(jìn)兵部尚書。上章乞復(fù)祖宗法度，欽宗問之，傅曰：“祖宗法惠民，熙、豐法惠國，崇、觀法惠奸。”時謂名言。十一月，拜尚書右丞，俄改同知樞密院。金人困都城，傅日夜親當(dāng)矢石，金兵分四翼噪而前，兵敗退，墜于護(hù)龍河，填尸皆滿，城門急閉。是日，金人遂登城。二年正月，欽宗詣金帥營，以傅輔太子留守，仍兼少傅。帝兼旬不返，傅屬貽書請之。及廢立檄至，傅大慟曰：“吾唯知吾君可帝中國爾，茍立異姓，吾當(dāng)死之。”金人來索太上，帝后、諸王、妃主，傅留太子不遣。密謀匿之民間，別求狀類宦者二人殺之，并斬十?dāng)?shù)死囚，持首送之，紿金人曰：“宦者欲竊太子出，都人爭斗殺之，誤傷太子。因帥兵討定，斬其為亂者以獻(xiàn)。茍不已，則以死繼之?！痹轿迦?，無肯承其事者。傅日：“吾為太子傅，當(dāng)同生死。金人雖不吾索，吾當(dāng)與之俱行、求見二酋面責(zé)之，庶或萬一可濟(jì)?！彼鞆奶映?。金守門者曰：“所欲得太子，留守何預(yù)？”傅曰：“我宋之大臣，且太子傅也，當(dāng)死從?！笔窍Γ揲T下；明日，金人召之去。明年二月，死于朔廷。紹興中，贈開府儀同三司，謚曰忠定．（節(jié)選自《宋史?孫傅傳》）

4．下列對文中畫波浪線部分的斷句，正確的一項是（）（3分）A．宣和末/高麗入貢/使者所過/調(diào)夫治舟/騷然煩費/傅言/索民力以妨農(nóng)功/ 而于中國無絲毫之益/宰相謂其所論同蘇軾/奏貶蘄州安置/ B．宣和末/高麗入貢/使者所過/調(diào)夫治舟/騷然煩費/傅言/索民力以妨農(nóng)功/ 而于中國無絲毫之益/宰相謂其所論/同蘇軾奏/貶蘄州安罝/ C．宣和末/髙麗入貢使者/所過調(diào)夫治舟/騷然煩費/傅言/索民力以妨農(nóng)功/而于中田無絲毫之益/ 宰相謂其所論/同蘇拭奏/貶蘄州安置/ D．宣和末/髙麗入貢使者/所過調(diào)夫治舟/騷然煩費/傅言/索民力以妨農(nóng)功/而于中國無絲毫之益/宰相謂其所論同蘇軾/奏貶蘄州安罝/ 5．下列對文中加點詞語的相關(guān)內(nèi)容的解說，不正確的一項是（）（3分）A．登進(jìn)士第，又可稱為進(jìn)士及第，指科舉時代經(jīng)考試合格后錄取成為進(jìn)士。B．兵部是古代“六部”之一，掌管全國武官選用和兵籍、軍械、軍令等事宜。C．廟號是皇帝死后，在太廟立室奉祀時特起的名號，如高祖、太宗、欽宗。D．太子指封建時代君主兒子中被確定繼承君位的人，有時也可指其他兒子。6．下列對原文有關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括和分析，不正確的一項是（3分）

A．孫傅入仕以后，積極向上建言。他擔(dān)任禮部員外郎，對尚書蔡條縱論天下大事，勸蔡迅速有所變更，否則必將失敗，可惜他的建議沒有被采納。

B．孫傳上奏，請求恢復(fù)祖宗法度，他任兵部尚書，從效用角度評價祖宗法度和熙、豐年間的法度，批評崇觀年間的法度，受到時人贊許。

C．孫傅不畏金人，努力保全太子。金人擄走欽宗后又索求太子，他密謀藏匿太子，殺二宦官將首級送至金營，欺騙金人說，這就是誤傷太子之人。

D．孫傅舍身取義，死后謚為忠定。太子被迫至金營，孫傅隨往，卻受到守門者勸阻，他表示身為太子傅，應(yīng)誓死跟從太子；后被金人召去，死于北廷。7．把文中畫橫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。（10分）

（1）吾唯知吾君可帝中國爾，茍立異姓，吾當(dāng)死之。

（2）金人雖不吾索，吾當(dāng)與之俱行，求見二酋面責(zé)之，庶或萬一可濟(jì)。

五、2015年高考新課標(biāo)2卷閱讀下面的文言文，完成4——7題

來護(hù)兒，字崇善，未識而孤，養(yǎng)于世母吳氏．吳氏提攜鞠養(yǎng)，甚有感訓(xùn)，幼兒卓葷；初讀《詩》，舍書嘆曰：“大丈夫在世，會為國滅賊以取功名！”群輩驚其言而壯其志，及長，雄略秀出，志氣英遠(yuǎn)。會周師定淮南所住白土村地居疆場數(shù)見軍旅護(hù)兒常慨然有立功名之志及開皇初宇文忻等鎮(zhèn)廣陵平陳之役護(hù)兒有功焉，進(jìn)位上開府，賞物一千段，仁壽初，遷瀛洲刺史，以善政聞，頻見勞勉，煬帝嗣位，被追入朝，百姓攀戀，累日不能出境，詣闋上書致請者，前后數(shù)百人，帝謂曰：“昔國步未康，卿為名將，今天下無事，又為良兩千石，可謂兼美矣?！贝髽I(yè)六年，車架幸江都，謂護(hù)兒曰：“衣錦晝游，古人所重，卿今是也。”乃賜物兩千石，并牛酒，令謁先人墓，宴鄉(xiāng)里父老，仍今三品已上并集其宅，酣飲盡日，朝野榮之，十二年，駕幸江都，護(hù)兒諫曰：“陛下興軍旅，百姓易咨怨，車架游幸，深恐非宜，伏愿駐駕洛陽，與時休息，陛下今幸江都，是臣衣錦之地。臣荷恩深重，不敢專為身謀?！钡勐勚瑓柹?，數(shù)日不得見。后怒解，方被引入，謂曰：“公意乃爾，朕復(fù)何望！”護(hù)兒因不敢言。及宇文化及構(gòu)逆，深忌之。是日旦將朝見執(zhí)。護(hù)兒曰：“陛下今何在？”左右曰：“今被執(zhí)矣?！弊o(hù)兒嘆曰：“吾備位大臣，荷國重任，不能肅清兇逆，遂今王室至此，抱恨泉壤，知復(fù)何言！”乃遇害。護(hù)兒重然諾，敦交契，廉于財利，不事產(chǎn)業(yè)，至于行軍用兵，特多謀算，每覽兵法，曰：“此亦豈異人意也！”善撫士卒，部分嚴(yán)明，故咸得其死力。4．下列對文中畫波浪線部分的斷句，正確的一項是（）（3分）A．會周師定淮南所/住白土村/地居疆場/數(shù)見軍旅護(hù)兒/?？挥辛⒐γ? 及開皇初/宇文忻等鎮(zhèn)廣陵/平陳之役/護(hù)兒有功焉/ B．會周師定淮南所/住白土村/地居疆場/數(shù)見軍旅/護(hù)兒?？挥辛⒐γ? 及開皇初/宇文忻等鎮(zhèn)廣陵/平陳之役/護(hù)兒有功焉 C．會周師定淮南/所住白土村/地居疆場/數(shù)見軍旅護(hù)兒/?？挥辛⒐γ?及開皇初/宇文忻等鎮(zhèn)廣陵/平陳之役護(hù)兒有功焉 D．會周師定淮南/所住白土村/地居疆埸/數(shù)見軍旅/護(hù)兒?？挥辛⒐γ?及開皇初/宇文忻等鎮(zhèn)廣陵/平陳之役/護(hù)兒有功焉/ 5．下列對文中加點詞語的相關(guān)內(nèi)容的解說，不正確的一項是（）（3分）

A．古代男子有名有字，名是出生后不久父親起的，字是二十歲舉行冠禮后才起的。B．謚號是古代帝王、大臣等死后，據(jù)其生平事跡評定的稱號，如武帝、哀帝，煬帝。C．嗣位指繼承君位，我囯封建王朝通常實行長子繼承制，君位由最年長的兒子繼承。D．闕是宮門兩側(cè)的高臺，又可借指宮廷，“詣闕”既可指赴朝廷，又可指赴京都。6．下列對原文有關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括和分析不正確—項是（）（3分）

A．來護(hù)兒少有大志，成年后秀拔于群。他自幼而孤，得到吳氏教誨，立下為國殺敵、求取功名的志向；長大以后，更是雄略超群，志氣英發(fā)。B．來護(hù)兒推行善政，深受百姓擁戴。在瀛州刺史任上，他聲名遠(yuǎn)聞，屢受嘉獎；煬帝時，百姓舍不得他回朝廷任職，上書請愿者達(dá)數(shù)百人。

C．來護(hù)兒直言勸諫，后被奸人殺害。他諫請煬帝停駕洛陽，不再遠(yuǎn)游江都，引發(fā)煬帝大怒，以致宇文化及殺害他時，煬帝也沒有設(shè)法保護(hù)。

D．來護(hù)兒廉于財利，用兵極有謀略。他信守承諾，注重友情，輕視錢財，不置產(chǎn)業(yè)；善待士卒，處事嚴(yán)明，謀略多合兵法，部屬爭相盡力。7．把文中畫橫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語．（10分）（1）陛下興軍旅，百姓易咨怨．車駕游幸，深恐非宜。

（2）不能肅淸兇逆，遂令王室至此，抱恨泉壤，知復(fù)何言！

六、2014年高考新課標(biāo)1卷閱讀下面的文言文，完成4～7題。

于休烈，河南人也。至性貞愨，機(jī)鑒敏悟。自幼好學(xué)，善屬文。舉進(jìn)士，授秘書省正字。轉(zhuǎn)比部員外郎，郎中。楊國忠輔政，排不附己者，出為中部郡太守。值祿山構(gòu)難，肅宗踐祚，休烈遷太常少卿，知禮儀事，兼修國史。肅宗自鳳翔還京，勵精聽受，嘗謂休烈日：“君舉必書，良史也。朕有過失，卿書之否?”對日：“禹、湯罪己，其興也勃焉。有德之君，不忘規(guī)過，臣不勝大慶?！睍r中原蕩覆，典章殆盡，無史籍檢尋。休烈奏日：“《國史》《實錄》，圣朝大典，修撰多時，今并無本。伏望下御史臺推勘史館所由，令府縣招訪。有人別收得《國史》《實錄》，如送官司，重加購賞?！鼻靶奘饭俟げ渴汤身f述陷賊，入東京，至是以其家藏《國史》一百一十三卷送于官。休烈尋轉(zhuǎn)工部侍郎、修國史，獻(xiàn)《五代帝王論》，帝甚嘉之。宰相李揆矜能忌賢以體烈修國史與己齊列嫉之奏為國子祭酒權(quán)留史館修撰以下之休烈恬然自持殊不介意代宗即位，甄別名品，宰臣元栽稱之，乃拜右散騎常侍，依前兼修國史，累封東?？す?，加金紫光祿大夫。在朝凡三十余年，歷掌清要，家無儋石之蓄。恭儉溫仁，未嘗以喜慍形于顏色。而親賢下士，推轂后進(jìn)，雖位崇年高，曾無倦色。篤好墳籍，手不釋卷，以至于終。大歷七年卒，年八十一。是歲春，休烈妻韋氏卒。上特詔贈韋氏國夫人，葬日給鹵簿鼓吹。及聞休烈卒，追悼久之，褒贈尚書左仆射，賻絹百匹、布五十端，遣謁者內(nèi)常侍吳承倩就私第宣慰。儒者之榮，少有其比。

（節(jié)選自《舊唐書·于休烈傳》）4．對下列句子中加點的詞語的解釋，不正確的一項是（3分）A．自幼好學(xué)，善屬文屬文：撰寫文章。B．值祿山構(gòu)難，肅宗踐祚踐祚：帝王即位。C．肅宗自鳳翔還京，勵精聽受勵精：專心致志。D．時中原蕩覆，典章殆盡蕩覆：動蕩傾覆。5．對文中畫波浪線部分的斷句，正確的一項是（3分）A．宰相李揆矜能忌賢／以休烈修國史與己齊列／嫉之／奏為國子祭酒／權(quán)留史館／修撰以下之／休烈恬然自持／殊不介意／ B．宰相李揆矜能忌賢／以休烈修國史與己齊列／嫉之／奏為國子祭酒／權(quán)留史館修撰以下之／休烈恬然自持／殊不介意／ C．．宰相李揆矜能忌賢／以休烈修國史與己齊列／嫉之／奏為國子祭酒／權(quán)留史館／修撰以下之／休烈恬然／自持殊不介意／

D宰相李揆矜能忌賢／以休烈修國史與己齊列／嫉之／奏為國子祭酒／權(quán)留史館修撰以下之／休烈恬然／自持殊不介意／

6．下列對原文有關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括和分析，不正確的一項是（3分）

A．休烈忠誠機(jī)敏，謹(jǐn)遵職業(yè)操守。他自幼好學(xué)，入仕后受到楊國忠排擠，離京到地方任職；安祿山叛亂后，他直言不諱地回答了肅宗關(guān)于史官職責(zé)的問題。

B．休烈審察形勢，做好本職事務(wù)。當(dāng)時歷經(jīng)戰(zhàn)亂，典章史籍散佚，他提出購求當(dāng)朝大典以備查檢使用，最終得到前修史官韋述家藏《國史》一百余卷。C．休烈淡泊名利，終生好學(xué)不倦。他雖遭貶職，卻恬然處之，毫不在意，在朝三十余年，歷任要職，并無多少積蓄；喜好典籍，終日捧讀，直至去世。

D．休烈夫婦去世，盡享身后哀榮。他夫人去世，皇上特詔追贈她國夫人；他本人去世，皇上追念許久，追贈他尚書左仆射，并派專人到他家表示慰問。7．把文中畫橫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。（10分）

（1）禹、湯罪己，其興也勃焉。有德之君，不忘規(guī)過，臣不勝大慶。（2）而親賢下士，推轂后進(jìn)，雖位崇年高，曾無倦色。

七、2014年高考新課標(biāo)2卷閱讀下面的文言文，完成4~7題。

韓文，字貫道，成化二年舉進(jìn)士，除工科給事中，出為湖廣右參議。中貴督太和山，干沒公費。文力遏之，以其羨易粟萬石，備振貸。九溪土酋與鄰境爭地相攻，文往諭，皆服。弘治十六年拜南京兵部尚書。歲侵，米價翔踴。文請預(yù)發(fā)軍餉三月，戶部難之。文曰：“救荒如救焚，有罪，吾自當(dāng)之。”乃發(fā)廩十六萬石，米價為平。明年召拜戶部尚書。文凝厚雍粹，居常抑抑。至臨大事，剛斷無所撓。武宗即位，賞賚及山陵、大婚諸費，需銀百八十萬兩有奇，部帑不給。文請先發(fā)承運庫，詔不許。文言：“帑藏虛，賞賚自京邊軍士外，請分別給銀鈔，稍益以內(nèi)庫及內(nèi)府錢，并暫借勛戚賜莊田稅，而敕承運庫內(nèi)官核所積金銀，著之籍。且盡罷諸不急費?！迸f制，監(jiān)局、倉庫內(nèi)官不過二三人，后漸添注，或一倉十余人，文力請裁汰。淳安公主賜田三百頃，復(fù)欲奪任丘民業(yè)，文力爭乃止。文司國計二年，力遏權(quán)幸，權(quán)幸深疾之。而是時青宮舊奄劉瑾等八人號“八虎”日導(dǎo)帝狗馬鷹兔歌舞角抵不親萬幾文每退朝對僚屬語及輒泣下郎中李夢陽進(jìn)曰：“公誠及此時率大臣固爭，去‘八虎’易易耳?！蔽霓垌毎杭纾闳桓娜菰唬骸吧??？v事勿濟(jì)，吾年足死矣，不死不足報國?！奔促芍T大臣伏闕上疏，疏入，帝驚泣不食。瑾等大懼。瑾恨文甚，日令人伺文過。逾月，有以偽銀輸內(nèi)庫者，遂以為文罪。詔降一級致仕，瑾恨未已，坐以遺失部籍，逮文下詔獄。數(shù)月始釋，罰米千石輸大同。尋復(fù)罰米者再，家業(yè)蕩然。瑾誅，復(fù)官，致仕。嘉靖五年卒，年八十有六。（節(jié)選自《明史·韓文傳》 4．對下列句子中加點的詞的解釋，不正確的一項是（3分）A．以其羨易粟萬石，備振貸振：救濟(jì)。B．救荒如救焚，有罪，吾自當(dāng)之當(dāng)：承擔(dān)。C．至臨大事，剛斷無所撓臨：面對。D．核所積金銀，著之籍著：彰顯。5．對文中畫波浪線部分的斷句，正確的一項是（3分）

A．而是時青宮舊奄劉瑾等八人/號“八虎”日導(dǎo)帝/狗馬/鷹兔/歌舞/角抵/不親萬幾/文每退朝/對僚屬語及/輒泣下/ B．而是時青宮舊奄劉瑾等八人/號“八虎”日導(dǎo)帝/狗馬/鷹兔/歌舞/角抵/不親萬幾/文每退朝/對僚屬/語及輒泣下/ C．而是時青宮舊奄劉瑾等八人號“八虎” /日導(dǎo)帝狗馬/鷹兔/歌舞/角抵/不親萬幾/文每退朝/對僚屬語及/輒泣下/ D．而是時青宮舊奄劉瑾等八人號“八虎” /日導(dǎo)帝狗馬/鷹兔/歌舞/角抵/不親萬幾/文每退朝/對僚屬/語及輒泣下/ 6．下列對原文的概括和分析，不正確的一項是（3分）

A．韓文為官清正，關(guān)注民眾生活，他在湖廣，妥善處理九溪士酋與臨境爭第一事；擔(dān)任南京兵部尚書時，年成歉收，他開倉取糧十六萬石，平抑米價。

B．韓文剛正不屈，敢于奏議國事，武宗繼位，諸項費用供給不足，他不顧非議，一再提出自己看法；有關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)冗員漸增，他援引成例，著手壓縮編制。C．韓文疾惡如仇，盡力遏制權(quán)幸，宦官劉瑾等每日引誘皇上沉溺于聲色狗馬，不理政事，他采用李夢陽的建議，冒死諫諍，打擊了劉瑾等的囂張氣焰。

D．韓文剛者易折，飽受政敵陷害，劉瑾以遺失部籍作為罪名，逮捕韓文，釋放后又兩次罰米，使他傾家蕩產(chǎn)；直到劉瑾被誅后，韓文才復(fù)官而后退休。7．把文中畫橫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。（10分）

（1）淳安公主賜田三百頃，復(fù)欲奪任丘民業(yè)，文力爭乃止。

（2）即偕諸大臣伏闕上書，疏入，帝驚泣不食，瑾等大懼。

八、2013年高考新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷閱讀下面的文言文，完成4—7題。

馬文升，字負(fù)圖，貌瑰奇多力。登景泰二年進(jìn)士，授御史。歷按山西、湖廣，風(fēng)裁甚著。成化初，召為南京大理卿，滿四之亂，錄功進(jìn)左副都御史，振鞏昌、臨洮饑民，撫安流移?？兩踔Ｊ菚r敗寇黑水口，又?jǐn)≈疁驇X，勒石紀(jì)之而還。進(jìn)右都御史，總督漕運?；?、徐、和饑，移江南糧十萬石、鹽價銀五萬兩振之。孝宗即位，召拜左都御史。弘治元年上言十五事，悉議行。帝耕藉田，教坊以雜戲進(jìn)。文升正色曰：“新天子當(dāng)使知稼穡艱難，此何為者？”即斥去。明年，為兵部尚書，督團(tuán)營如故。承平既久，兵政廢弛，西北部落時伺塞下。文升嚴(yán)核諸將校，黜貪懦者三十余人。奸人大怨，夜持弓矢伺其門，或作謗書射入東長安門內(nèi)。為兵部十三年，盡心戎務(wù)，于屯田、馬政、邊備、守御，數(shù)條上便宜。國家事當(dāng)言者，即非職守，亦言無不盡。嘗以太子年及四齡，當(dāng)早諭教。請擇醇謹(jǐn)老成知書史者，保抱扶持，凡言語動止悉導(dǎo)之以正。山東久旱，浙江及南畿水災(zāi)，文升請命所司振恤，練士卒以備不虞。帝皆深納之。在班列中最為耆碩，帝亦推心任之。諸大臣莫敢望也。吏部尚書屠滽罷，倪岳代滽，岳卒，以文升代。南京、鳳陽大風(fēng)雨壞屋拔木，文升請帝減膳撤樂，修德省愆，御經(jīng)筵，絕游宴；停不急務(wù)，止額外織造；振饑民，捕盜賊。已，又上吏部職掌十事。帝悉褒納。正德時，朝政已移于中官，文升老，連疏求去，許之。家居，非事未嘗入州城。語及時事，輒顰蹙不答。五年卒，年八十五。文升有文武才，長于應(yīng)變，朝端大議往往待之決。功在邊鎮(zhèn)，外國皆聞其名。尤重氣節(jié)，厲廉隅，直道而行。卒后逾年，大盜至鈞州，以文升家在，舍之去。（節(jié)選自《明史·馬文升傳》）

4．對下列句子中加點的詞解釋，不正確的一項是（）（3分）A．登景泰二年進(jìn)士

登：升職 B．錄功進(jìn)左副都御史

錄：記載 C．振鞏昌、臨洮饑民

振：救濟(jì) D．勒石紀(jì)之而還

勒：銘刻

5．以下各組句子中，全都表明馬文升勸諫皇上修身愛民內(nèi)容的一組是（）（3分）

①新天子當(dāng)使知稼穡艱難 ②即非值守，亦言無不盡

③凡言語動止悉導(dǎo)之以正 ④文升請命所司振恤

⑤減膳撤樂，修德省愆 ⑥止額外織造，振饑民，捕盜賊 A．①②③ B．①⑤⑥ C．②④⑥ D．③④⑤

6．下列對原文有關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括和分析，不正確的一項是（）（3分）

A．馬文升仕途順利，政績卓越。他被委任御史以后，歷任多項職務(wù)。功業(yè)主要表現(xiàn)在兩個方面：一是處理受災(zāi)民眾的善后問題；二是擊敗擾亂社會秩序的賊寇。

B．馬文升為人正直，處事嚴(yán)明。他敢于直言勸諫，奏事進(jìn)言均得到采納；又能夠嚴(yán)格考察部屬，曾罷免貪婪懦弱者三十余人，奸人怨恨，對他大肆威脅和污蔑。

C．馬文升盡心軍事，關(guān)注民生。他任兵部尚書十多年，對屯田、邊備等職責(zé)勇于進(jìn)言。在代吏部尚書時，南京等地遭遇風(fēng)雨災(zāi)害，他又請求皇上救助災(zāi)地百姓。D．馬文升文武全才，名聲遠(yuǎn)揚。朝廷大事往往等他決斷，又有顯赫邊功，外國皆聞其名。為人重氣節(jié)，品行端正，以至于大盜各處騷擾，也不去鈞州他的家鄉(xiāng)。7 ．把文中劃橫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。（10分）

（1）在班列中最為耆碩，帝亦推心任之，諸大臣莫敢望也。

（2）家居，非事未嘗入州城。語及時事，輒顰蹙不答。

九、2013年高考全國Ⅱ卷閱讀下面的文言文，完成4-7題。

李揆字端卿，祖籍隴西成紀(jì)人，而家于鄭州，代為冠族。少聰敏好學(xué)，善屬文。開元末，舉進(jìn)士，獻(xiàn)書闕下，詔中書試文章，擢拜右拾遺。乾元初，兼禮部侍郎。揆嘗以主司取士，多不考實，徒峻其堤防，索其書策，深昧求賢之意也。其試進(jìn)士文章，曰：“大國選士，但務(wù)得才，經(jīng)籍在此，請恣尋檢?！庇墒菙?shù)月之間，美聲上聞，自此頗承恩遇，遂蒙大用。時京師多盜賊，有通衢殺人置溝中者，李輔國方恣橫，上請選羽林騎士五百人以備巡檢。揆上疏曰：“昔西漢以南北軍相攝，故周勃因南軍入北軍，遂安劉氏。皇朝置南北衙，文武區(qū)分，以相伺察。今以羽林代金吾警夜，忽有非常之變，將何以制之？”遂制罷羽林之請。

揆在相位，決事獻(xiàn)替，雖甚博辨，性銳于名利，深為物議所非。又其兄皆自有時名，滯于冗官，竟不引進(jìn)。同列呂諲，地望雖懸，政事在揆之右。罷相，自賓客為荊南節(jié)度，聲問甚美。懼其重入，遂密令直省至諲管內(nèi)構(gòu)求諲過失。諲密疏自陳，乃貶揆萊州長史同正員，揆既黜官，數(shù)日，其兄皆改授為司門員外郎。后累年，揆量移歙州刺史。初，揆秉政，侍中苗晉卿累薦元載為重官。揆自恃門望，以載地寒，意甚輕易，不納，而謂晉卿曰：“龍章鳳姿之士不見用，麞頭鼠目之子乃求官?！陛d銜恨頗深。及載登相位，因揆當(dāng)徙職，遂奏為試秘書監(jiān)，江淮養(yǎng)疾。既無祿俸，家復(fù)貧乏，孀孤百口，丐食取給。萍寄諸州，凡十五六年，其牧守稍薄，則又移居，故其遷徙者，蓋十余州焉。元載以罪誅，除揆睦州刺史，入拜國子祭酒、禮部尚書，為盧杞所惡。德宗在山南，令充入蕃會盟使，加左仆射。行至鳳州，以疾卒，興元元年四月也，年七十四。（節(jié)選自《舊唐書·李揆傳》）

4．對下列句子中加點的詞的解釋，不正確的一項是（）（3分）A．而家于鄭州，代為冠族代：世世。B．少聰敏好學(xué)，善屬文

屬：撰寫。C．深昧求賢之意也

昧：冒犯。D．經(jīng)籍在此，請恣尋檢

恣：任意。

5．一下各組句子中，全部表明李揆深受朝廷器重的一組是（）（3分）

①獻(xiàn)書闕下，詔中書試文章

②自此頗承恩遇，遂蒙天用

③遂制罷羽林之請

④后累年，揆量移歙州刺史

⑤奏為試秘書監(jiān)，江淮養(yǎng)疾

⑥入拜國子祭酒、禮部尚書 A．①②⑥ B．①③④ C．②④⑤ D．③⑤⑥ 6．下列對原文有關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括和分析，不正確的一項是（）（3分）

A．李揆自幼好學(xué)，入仕后美名上聞。他出身顯貴人家，聰明敏捷，好學(xué)上進(jìn)，開元末年步入仕途。他主張考查進(jìn)士務(wù)必選拔有真實才能的人，受到廣泛好評。

B．李揆有遠(yuǎn)見卓識，上疏得到認(rèn)可。當(dāng)時京城治安混亂，盜賊殺人，李輔國請求選羽林軍以備巡視。李揆引西漢舊事說明，如羽林警夜則難以應(yīng)付突然之變。C．李揆汲汲于名利，深受人們非議。他在相位時，論及大事頭頭是道，卻熱衷追名逐利。他嫉妒呂諲地位超過自己，密令捏造呂的過失，最后反而自食其果。D．李撰與元載交惡，仕途遭遇坎坷。他自恃門望高貴，鄙薄元載出身寒微，元懷恨在心。元登相位后，對他報復(fù)，致使他全家衣食無著，在各州飄泊十多年。7．把文中畫橫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。（10分）（1）其兄皆自有時名，滯于冗官，竟不引進(jìn)。

（2）其牧守稍薄，則又移居，故其遷徙者，蓋十余州焉。

十、2012年高考課標(biāo)卷閱讀下面的文言文，完成4～7題。

蕭燧，字照鄰，臨江軍人。燧生而穎異，幼能屬文。紹興十八年，擢進(jìn)士高第。授平江府觀察推官。時秦檜當(dāng)國，其親黨密告燧，秋試必主文①漕臺，燧詰其故，曰：“丞相有子就舉，欲以屬公?！膘菖唬骸俺跏烁移坌囊　睓u懷之，既而被檄秀州，至則員溢，就院易一員往漕闈，秦?zé)绻星傲小Ｐ⒆诔?，除諸王宮大小學(xué)教授。輪對，論“官當(dāng)擇人，不當(dāng)為人擇官。”上喜，制《用人論》賜大臣。淳熙二年，進(jìn)起居郎。先是，察官闕，朝論多屬燧，以未歷縣，遂除左司諫。時宦官甘昪之客胡與可、都承旨王抃之族叔秬皆持節(jié)于外，有所依憑，無善狀，燧皆奏罷之。時復(fù)議進(jìn)取，上以問燧，對曰：“今賢否雜揉，風(fēng)俗澆浮，兵未強(qiáng)，財未裕，宜臥薪嘗膽以圖內(nèi)治。若恃小康，萌驕心，非臣所知?！鄙显唬骸爸已砸?。”因勸上正紀(jì)綱，容直言；親君子，遠(yuǎn)小人；近習(xí)有勞可賞以祿，不可假以權(quán)。上皆嘉納。出知嚴(yán)州。嚴(yán)地狹財匱，始至，官鏹②不滿三千，燧儉以足用。二年之間，以其羨補(bǔ)積逋，諸邑皆寬。上方靳職名，非功不予，詔燧治郡有勞，除敷文閣待制，移知婺州。父老遮道，幾不得行，送出境者以千數(shù)。婺與嚴(yán)鄰，人熟知條教，不勞而治。歲旱，浙西常平司請移粟于嚴(yán)，燧謂：“東西異路，不當(dāng)與，然安忍于舊治坐視？”為請諸朝，發(fā)太倉米振之。八年，召還，言：“江、浙再歲水旱，愿下詔求言，仍令諸司通融郡縣財賦，毋但督迫?！笔?，上言廣西諸郡民身丁錢之弊。事多施行。慶典霈澤，丁錢減半，亦自燧發(fā)之。紹熙四年卒，年七十七。

【注】①主文：主持考試。②鏹：成串的錢

4．對下面句子中加點的詞的解釋，不正確的一項是（）（3分）A．檜懷之，既而被檄秀州懷：銜恨 B．丞相有子就舉，欲以屬公屬：托付 C．就院易一員往漕闈易：更換 D．察官闕，朝論多屬燧闕：失職

5．以下各組句子中，全都表明蕭燧恪盡職守的一組是（）（3分）

①燧怒曰：“初仕敢欺心耶！” ②論“官當(dāng)擇人，不當(dāng)為人擇官?！?/p>

③有所依憑，無善狀，燧皆奏罷之 ④若恃小康，萌驕心，非臣所知

⑤官鏹不滿三千，燧儉以足用 ⑥為請諸朝，發(fā)太倉米振之 A．①④⑥ B．①③⑤C．②③④ D．②⑤⑥ 6．下列對原文有關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括分析，不正確的一項是（）（3分）

A．蕭燧天分很高，為官不畏權(quán)貴。他自幼能文，進(jìn)士及弟后進(jìn)入仕途；其時秦檜當(dāng)權(quán)，與其親黨密告蕭，要他主持秋試錄用其子秦?zé)?，遭到蕭的拒絕。

B．蕭燧剛直敢言，所奏切中時弊。皇上向他征詢意見，他乘便諷勸皇上親近君子疏遠(yuǎn)小人，親信有功可賞賜財物卻不可賦予權(quán)力，得到皇上贊許采納。

C．蕭燧政績卓著，受到皇上嘉勉。嚴(yán)州面積狹小財物匱乏，他勤儉理政，以盈余填補(bǔ)拖欠，各地都感到寬松；皇上升遷蕭燧的職位，調(diào)他去治理婺州。

D．蕭燧回到朝廷，仍關(guān)注各地大事。淳熙年間，江浙兩年水澇干旱，他奏請下詔諸司協(xié)助解決，又奏言廣西百姓深受丁錢之害，建議大多得以施行。7．把文中畫橫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。（10分）

（1）今賢否雜揉，風(fēng)俗澆浮，兵未強(qiáng)，財未裕，宜臥薪嘗膽以圖內(nèi)治。

（2）燧謂：“東西異路，不當(dāng)與，然安忍于舊治坐視？”

十一、2011年高考全國Ⅰ卷閱讀下面的文言文，文成文后各題。

何灌字仲源，開封祥符人。武選登第，為河?xùn)|從事。經(jīng)略使韓縝語之曰：“君奇士也，他日當(dāng)據(jù)吾坐。”為府州、火山軍巡檢。遼人常越境而汲，灌親申畫界堠，遏其來，忿而舉兵犯我。灌迎高射之，發(fā)輒中，或著崖石皆沒鏃，敵驚以為神，逡巡斂去。后三十年，契丹蕭太師與灌會，道曩事，數(shù)何巡檢神射，灌曰：“即灌是也?！笔捽侨黄鸢荨楹?xùn)|將，與夏人遇，鐵騎來追，灌射皆徹甲，至洞胸出背，疊貫后騎，羌懼而引卻。張康國薦于徽宗，召對，問西北邊事，以笏畫御榻，指坐衣花紋為形勢。帝曰：“敵在吾目中矣。”提點河?xùn)|刑獄，遷西上閣門使、領(lǐng)威州刺史、知滄州。以治城鄣功，轉(zhuǎn)引進(jìn)使。詔運粟三十萬石于并塞三州，灌言：“水淺不勝舟，陸當(dāng)用車八千乘，沿邊方登麥，愿以運費增價就糴之?！弊嗌?，報可。未幾，知岷州，引邈川水溉間田千頃，湟人號廣利渠。徙河州，復(fù)守岷，提舉熙河蘭湟弓箭手。入言：“若先葺渠引水，使田不病旱，則人樂應(yīng)募，而射士之額足矣?！睆闹?。甫半歲，得善田二萬六千頃，募士七千四百人，為他路最。陪遼使射玉津園，一發(fā)破的，再發(fā)則否?？驮唬骸疤静荒芤?？”曰：“非也，以禮讓客耳?！闭瓘?fù)中之，觀者誦嘆，帝親賜酒勞之。遷步軍都虞候。金師南下，悉出禁旅付梁方平守黎陽。靖康元年正月二日，次滑州，方平南奔，灌亦望風(fēng)迎潰。黃河南岸無一人御敵，金師遂直叩京城。灌至，乞入見，不許，而令控守西隅。背城拒戰(zhàn)凡三日，被創(chuàng)，沒于陣，年六十二。4．對下列句子中加點的詞的解釋，不正確的一項是（）A．遼人常越境而汲汲：取水。B．灌迎高射之，發(fā)輒中迎：面對。C．?dāng)丑@以為神，逡巡斂去斂：躲藏。D．鐵騎來追，灌射皆徹甲徹：穿透。5．以下各組句子中，全都表明何灌行事有成的一組是（）

①灌親申畫界堠，遏其來 ②或著崖石皆沒鏃

③至洞胸出背，疊貫后騎 ④愿以運費增價就糴之

⑤得善田二萬六千頃 ⑥陪遼使射玉津園，一發(fā)破的 A．①②⑤ B．①③④C．②④⑥ D．③⑤⑥ 6．下列對原文有關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括和分析，不正確的一項是（）（3分）

A．何灌有軍事才能，射技震驚契丹。經(jīng)略使韓縝極為賞識他，認(rèn)為終將取代自己；在守邊時，何灌大顯神威，以致三十年后提及往事契丹太師都驚恐起拜．

B．何灌深諳西北邊事，受到徽宗贊許。他任河?xùn)|將時奮勇?lián)敉送鈹?，?jīng)辛薦得到徽宗召問，他用笏板指畫以助講解，形象生動，徽宗很快明白了邊戰(zhàn)形勢

C．何灌善于治理政務(wù)，舉措得到皇上認(rèn)可。為完成運糧任務(wù)，他建議將水運改為陸運；在招募射士時，又提出修渠引水，興造良田，使剩余勞力樂于應(yīng)募。

D．何灌力守京城，拒不降敵，不幸陣亡。金兵南下，梁萬平棄城逃遁，何灌阻止?jié)⑼宋闯?；金兵長驅(qū)直下，逼近京城，何灌領(lǐng)命背城抗敵三日，受傷戰(zhàn)死。7．把文中畫橫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。（10分）（1）整弓復(fù)中之，觀者誦嘆，帝親賜酒勞之。

（2）灌至，乞入見，不許，而令控守西隅。

十二、2011年高考全國Ⅱ卷閱讀下面的文言文，完成文后各題。

熊鼎，字伯潁，臨川人。元末舉于鄉(xiāng)，長龍溪書院。江西寇亂，鼎結(jié)鄉(xiāng)兵自守。陳友諒屢脅之，不應(yīng)。鄧愈鎮(zhèn)江西，數(shù)延見，奇其才，薦之。太祖欲官之，以親老辭，乃留愈幕府贊軍事。母喪除，召至京師，授德清縣丞。松江民錢鶴皋反，鄰郡大驚，鼎鎮(zhèn)之以靜。遷起居注，承詔搜括故事可懲戒者，書新宮壁間。舍人耿忠使廣信還，奏郡縣官違法狀，帝遣御史廉之。而時已頒赦書，丞相李善長再諫不納，鼎偕給事中尹正進(jìn)曰：“朝廷布大信于四方，復(fù)以細(xì)故煩御史，失信，且褻威。”帝默然久之，乃不遣御史。洪武改元，新設(shè)浙江按察司，以鼎為僉事，分部臺、溫。臺、溫自方氏竊據(jù)，偽官捍將二百人，暴橫甚。鼎盡遷之江、淮間，民始安。平陽知州梅鎰坐贓，辨不已，民數(shù)百咸訴知州無罪。鼎將聽之，吏白鼎：“釋知州，如故出何？”鼎嘆曰：“法以誅罪，吾敢畏譴，誅無罪人乎！”釋鎰，以情聞，報如其奏。寧海民陳德仲支解黎異，異妻屢訴不得直。鼎乃逮德仲，鞫實，立正其罪。是秋，山東初定，設(shè)按察司，復(fù)以鼎為僉事。鼎至，奏罷不職有司數(shù)十輩，列部肅清。鼎欲稽官吏利弊，乃令郡縣各置二歷，日書所治訟獄錢粟事，一留郡縣，一上憲府，遞更易，按歷鉤考之，莫敢隱者。八年，西部朵兒只班率部落內(nèi)附，改鼎岐寧衛(wèi)經(jīng)歷。既至，知寇偽降，密疏論之。帝遣使慰勞，賜裘帽，復(fù)遣中使趙成召鼎。鼎既行，寇果叛，脅鼎北還。鼎責(zé)以大義，罵之，遂與成及知事杜寅俱被殺。（節(jié)選自《明史·熊鼎傳》）8．對下列句子中加點的詞的解釋，不正確的一項是（）A．元末舉于鄉(xiāng)，長龍溪書院長：執(zhí)掌 B．江西寇亂，鼎結(jié)鄉(xiāng)兵自守結(jié)：聚合 C．鄧愈鎮(zhèn)江西，數(shù)延見延：招聘 D．乃留愈幕府贊軍事贊：輔佐

9．以下各組句子中，全部表明熊鼎處事精細(xì)求實的一組是（）

①太祖欲官之，以親老辭 ②復(fù)以細(xì)故煩御史

③吾敢畏譴，誅無罪人乎 ④乃逮德仲，鞠實，立正其罪

⑤按歷鉤考之，莫敢隱者 ⑥知寇偽降，密疏論之 A．①②⑤ B．①④⑥ C．②③④ D．③⑤⑥

10．下列對原文有關(guān)內(nèi)容的概括和分析，不正確的一項是（）

A．熊鼎卓有才能，處變不驚。他深受鄧愈器重，留在鄧手下任職；為母親守孝后擔(dān)任德清縣丞，其時松江有人叛亂，鄰郡驚恐，他冷靜地控制了本縣局面。B．熊鼎思慮周詳，維護(hù)朝廷威信。廣信郡縣官員違法，皇上已頒發(fā)赦令，此時又要查究；熊鼎認(rèn)為朝廷應(yīng)當(dāng)取信天下，不應(yīng)為小事出爾反爾，皇上這才作罷。

C．熊鼎治政有方，堅持依法辦事。分管臺、溫事務(wù)時，他遷走兇惡殘暴的官將，百姓方才安定；平陽知州梅鎰被誣貪污行賄，他聽從民意，依法予以釋放。

D．熊鼎面對威逼，表現(xiàn)出凜然正氣。朵兒只班率部投靠朝廷，熊鼎察覺其中有詐，不久叛寇果然作亂，并脅迫他北還，他維護(hù)正義，責(zé)罵叛寇，最終被殺。

11．把第一卷文言文閱讀材料中劃橫線的句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。（10分）（1）鼎至，奏罷不職有司數(shù)十輩，列部肅清。

（2）帝遣使慰勞，賜裘帽，復(fù)遣中使趙成召鼎。

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