第一篇：工商管理畢業(yè)論文(中英文摘要)

摘要:近些年，我國連鎖超市得到了很快發(fā)展，但是不可否認(rèn)，我國零售業(yè)連鎖超市的發(fā)展還存在不少問題，與國外零售業(yè)連鎖超市的發(fā)展還存在很大的差距。為此，需要對(duì)國外內(nèi)外零售業(yè)連鎖超市發(fā)展進(jìn)行比較，并從中發(fā)現(xiàn)我國零售業(yè)連鎖超市存在的問題及與國外的差距，進(jìn)而在此基礎(chǔ)上提出發(fā)展建議。本文首先對(duì)連鎖超市基本理論進(jìn)行了概述，這是本文進(jìn)行比較的理論基礎(chǔ)。接著文章分析中外零售業(yè)連鎖超市發(fā)展與現(xiàn)狀，在此基礎(chǔ)上，文章對(duì)中外零售業(yè)連鎖超市的有關(guān)情況進(jìn)行了比較。最后，文章分析了中國零售業(yè)連鎖超市企業(yè)發(fā)展存在的問題，并借鑒國外連鎖超市發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)，提出了進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)我國零售業(yè)連鎖超市發(fā)展的措施。

關(guān)鍵詞:零售業(yè) 連鎖超市 比較 措施

Abstract:In these years, catena supermarket developed very quickly in our country，but we can't deny that there are a few problems in the development of retail trade catena supermarket in our country, and there is very big margin with the development of the foreign retail trade catena supermarket still.For this, we need to carry on a comparison with the development of foreign retail trade catena supermarket and find problem of retail trade catena supermarket in our country from it also and find the margin with retail trade catena supermarketof the abroad.Then on this foundation we put forward development suggestion.At first the text carried on saying all of the basic theories of the catena supermarket and this is theories foundation of this text to carry on comparison.Immediately after, the article analyzes the Chinese and Foreign retail trade catena supermarket development and present condition.On this foundation, the article carried on a comparison about the relevant circumstance of Chinese and Foreign retail trade catena supermarket.Finally, the article analyzed problem of the Chinese retail trade catena supermarket development and draw lessons from the foreign catena supermarket development experience also and put forward further the measure to promote development of retail trade catena supermarket in our country.Key words: comparative measures of retail supermarket chains

第二篇：5、畢業(yè)論文中英文摘要

某某大學(xué)2008屆畢業(yè)論文

互動(dòng)——廣播新聞發(fā)展的必然選擇

摘要：在當(dāng)今時(shí)代，互動(dòng)已成為構(gòu)成傳播意識(shí)的重要元素，并逐漸成為各類媒體的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。它不僅是新聞節(jié)目制作的突出亮點(diǎn)，更是新聞節(jié)目中增添生氣活力和提升傳播效應(yīng)的原動(dòng)力。在現(xiàn)今激烈的媒體競爭之下，廣播新聞應(yīng)如何發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢(shì)，提升互動(dòng)意識(shí)、增強(qiáng)互動(dòng)效應(yīng)就成了值得廣播媒體人思考的重要問題。本文以廣播新聞為切入點(diǎn)，由挖掘互動(dòng)廣播新聞的內(nèi)涵入手，分析了廣播新聞節(jié)目為何要互動(dòng)的原因以及互動(dòng)的途徑，通過對(duì)其前景所作展望得出結(jié)論，互動(dòng)確實(shí)是廣播新聞發(fā)展的必然選擇。

關(guān)鍵詞：互動(dòng)，廣播，新聞

某某大學(xué)2008屆畢業(yè)論文

Interaction: The Inevitable Choice of the Development of

Broadcast News

Abstract: Nowadays, interactive communication has become an important element and has gradually become a trend of media.It is not only a prominent bright spot in news program production, but is also the driving force to increase vitality and enhance the dissemination.Thus, in the highly competitive media today, how broadcast news play their own advantages, enhance interaction awareness and strengthen the interactive effect become important issues.This paper excavates the conception of the interactive broadcast news, and analyzes the reasons and ways of interaction in programmers.Furthermore, by making a summary of its prospect, we could get a conclusion that interaction is the inevitable choice of the development of broadcast news.Key words: interaction, broadcast, news

以上為往屆同學(xué)論文的中英文摘要格式示例，需要大家根據(jù)自己文章的實(shí)際撰寫內(nèi)容以相同格式書寫。

第三篇：旅游畢業(yè)論文中英文摘要

摘 要

人類旅游活動(dòng)在本質(zhì)上是一種文化活動(dòng)，是自由生命表現(xiàn)的一種形式，屬于精神性的享受，是文化驅(qū)使的結(jié)果。在多維文化視野中，現(xiàn)代旅游愈益突出了文化的內(nèi)涵與價(jià)值。

但伴隨著旅游業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，各種旅游經(jīng)營者盲目開發(fā)建設(shè)、監(jiān)管部門保護(hù)不力以及旅游者對(duì)旅游環(huán)境的破壞等，導(dǎo)致我國旅游資源遭到了極大的破壞，其原有的內(nèi)涵與價(jià)值正在逐步降低直至消失。從文化的獨(dú)特視野，本文首先分析了我國旅游資源保護(hù)問題的提出，并闡述了其保護(hù)現(xiàn)狀，最后論文著重提出了如何對(duì)我國旅游資源進(jìn)行保護(hù)的有效措施。

關(guān)鍵詞： 文化；文化視野；旅游資源；旅游資源保護(hù)

I

Abstract

Human tourist activity is a kind of cultural activity in essence and which is a form of the expression of free life, it belongs to the spiritual enjoyment, which is the result that the culture drives.In the vision of multi-culture, modern tourist has highlighted the connotations and values of the culture.With the rapid development of tourism, unreasonable and blind development and construction of the resources conducted by various sorts of tourist proprietors, the inefficient preservation the supervising sections provide and the destruction tourists bring to the tourist resources have led to the great damage to our country’s tourist resources, which gradually diminish and consume the original connotations and values of culture.In the unique prospect of culture, firstly, this paper analyzes the preservation problems of our country’s tourist resources and explains the current situation of it.In the end of the paper, it emphatically comes up the measures to the preservation of the tourist resources in our country.Key words: culture；culture prospect；tourist resources；the protection of tourism resources

II

第四篇：土木工程專業(yè)畢業(yè)論文中英文摘要

XX大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）

摘要

本文主要針對(duì)新建鐵路精伊線莫仁至阿恰勒段的初步設(shè)計(jì)及相關(guān)程序設(shè)計(jì)。設(shè)計(jì)的具體內(nèi)容由以下幾個(gè)部分組成：結(jié)合地形、地質(zhì)條件，在帶狀等高線地形圖上，按初步設(shè)計(jì)的步驟，選定線路的基本走向，并進(jìn)行路基設(shè)計(jì)，包括線路的平面定線、平面設(shè)計(jì)、縱斷面設(shè)計(jì)、橫斷面設(shè)計(jì)、路基土石方計(jì)算程序設(shè)計(jì)、平面坐標(biāo)計(jì)算程序設(shè)計(jì)、及相關(guān)外文科技文獻(xiàn)翻譯一篇。

平面定線過程中，根據(jù)坡度的變化，注意緊坡地段和緩坡地段的定線要求及定線技巧，在設(shè)計(jì)過程中，由于兩站之間有較大的高程差，所以為了減少挖方量和爭取最大高程，線路采用較大的坡度上坡，并注意使直線與曲線相互協(xié)調(diào)，充分考慮夾直線和緩和曲線長度的要求；縱斷面設(shè)計(jì)中，注意最大坡度、坡段長度、坡段連接與坡度折減等問題，在變坡點(diǎn)處應(yīng)合理設(shè)置豎曲線 ；在平面坐標(biāo)計(jì)算程序設(shè)計(jì)中，對(duì)兩種方法進(jìn)行比較，采用Fortran語言編制計(jì)算程序；在橫斷面設(shè)計(jì)過程中，考慮曲線地段路基面加寬等問題。

整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)分幾個(gè)階段進(jìn)行，每一階段的工作都需要綜合考慮、精心設(shè)計(jì)。設(shè)計(jì)的前后都要進(jìn)行必要的比較、檢算，符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以后，提交有關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)成果，完成設(shè)計(jì)。

關(guān)鍵詞：平面縱斷面豎曲線路基橫斷面

XX大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）

Abstract

The article aims in designing new-built railway preliminarily for JingYi line from Moren to Aqiale section and relevant programs.The concrete contents of the design are as follows : Following the procedures of preliminary design , combine the topography、geology condition , select the basic trend of the line on the topographic map of belt contour , and start the subgrade design，including level location、level section design、profile design、cross section design、subgrade cubic meter of earth and stone calculation program and design、level coordinate calculation program of line and design、translating a relevant foreign technological bibliography.During the course of level location, follow the gradient changes to locate the line;pays attention to the tight slope land sector and the gentle slope land sector decides the line request and decides the line skill, in design process between, because two stands has a bigger elevation difference, therefore in order to reduce the volume of excavation the quantity and strives for the maximum elevation, the line uses an greater slope uphill, and the attention causes the straight line and the curveinter coordination, the full consideration clamps the straight line to be gentle and the length of curve request;In profile design , we must pay attention to the maximum grade、the connection of grade section and compensation of gradient etc;On the grade change point, we should dispose the vertical curve reasonably.During the course of level coordinate calculation program and design, compare thee two methods and use the C Language to program;In the cross section design, consider the problems of broadening subgrade on curve section.The whole design is divided into several stages to conduct.Every stage requires integrated consideration and careful design.The essential comparison and checkout both are required to do before and after designing.When the design conforms to the standard, submit relevant achievements of design, and then finish the design

Key Words:Level section、Profile、Vertical curve、Subgrade、Cross Section-2-

第五篇：畢業(yè)論文中英文摘要互譯

隨著輕軌的發(fā)展,噪聲的污染越來越嚴(yán)重。聲屏障作為一種降低交通噪聲有效而經(jīng)濟(jì)的方法,將會(huì)在一定程度上得到發(fā)展?，F(xiàn)在,人們對(duì)輕軌噪聲關(guān)注程度的增加,如何有效地設(shè)置輕軌聲屏障,使其更好地發(fā)揮降噪效果已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)亟待研究的課題。從分析聲屏障的降噪原理出發(fā),研究聲屏障的高度、位置、敷設(shè)的吸聲材料等對(duì)輕軌降噪效果的影響。本文初設(shè)兩套方案,聲源為無限長線聲源,采用德國shall 03類型（軌道中心線）,用直立型單側(cè)吸聲型聲屏障,隔聲材料為鋼及鋼化玻璃,吸聲材料為纖維多孔吸聲材料超級(jí)玻璃棉。方案一,聲屏障高4m,一樓到七樓插入損失為19.41dB（A）～15.97dB（A）；方案二,聲屏障高4.5m,一樓到七樓插入損失19.97dB（A）～15.99dB（A）。由降噪效果和經(jīng)濟(jì)性,確定方案一為最佳方案。通過分析得出：在盡量靠近聲源處設(shè)置聲屏障,增加聲屏障的高度,在聲屏障內(nèi)側(cè)敷設(shè)吸聲材料,都將有利于取得更好的降噪效果。最后,介紹聲屏障的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)值及計(jì)算方法并對(duì)其主要承重部件-立柱進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度和連接校核。要求

With the development of the light railway,the noise pollution becomes very important problem.Sound barrier,an effective and comparatively inexpensive measure of controlling noise,will be developed to some degree.Recently,people pay more attention to the light railway noise.How to install the sound barrier effectively so as to make the noise reduction more effective has become an urgent research topic.Starting with the analysis of the noise reduction principle,this paper studied the influence of light railway sound barrier on light railway’s noise reduction effect in the three aspects：height,position,sound absorbing material.Thia page have worked out two precepts,the source is infinite line source,which use shall 03 shape of Germany(the centye of the railway);this two precepts use englong shaped and absorbing noise barrier,insulate material is steel and glass, absorbing material is super glass cotton with fibre holes.The first precept,the hight of noise barrier is 4m,the insert loss from the first floor to the senventh floor is 19.41dB（A）～15.97dB（A）;the second precept,the hight of noise barrier is 4.5m,the insert loss from the first floor to the senventh floor is19.97dB（A）～15.99dB（A）.the first precept is better,because the effect of noise reduction and the economy effect.From the analysis,we can achieve:the effect of noise reduction will more better,when the noise barrier is installed as near as the source,enhight the barrier, sound absorbing material is laid the inside of the barrier.At the last,this page introduces the design object and the calculate method of the barrier,and checks the main bearing assembly’s intension and connection if satisfied the require of using.