第一篇：專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)總結(jié)

英語(yǔ)總結(jié)

世界上最難學(xué)的十大語(yǔ)言排行NO.1-漢語(yǔ)(中國(guó))，NO.2-希臘語(yǔ)(希臘)，NO.3-阿拉伯語(yǔ)(阿拉伯)，NO.4-冰島語(yǔ)(冰島)，NO.5-日語(yǔ)(日本)，NO.6-芬蘭語(yǔ)(芬蘭)，NO.7-德語(yǔ)(德國(guó))，NO.8-挪威語(yǔ)(挪威)，NO.9-丹麥語(yǔ)(丹麥)，NO.10-法語(yǔ)(法國(guó))——聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織公布。世界上最難學(xué)的語(yǔ)言是漢語(yǔ)，而我們卻能將漢語(yǔ)脫口而出。讓大家痛苦連天的英語(yǔ)卻連榜單都沒(méi)有進(jìn)。

中華民族上下五千年，文化博大精深，如果讓我們靜下心來(lái)探究其中的奧妙恐怕一輩子也不夠，可是為什么現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多的人學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)孩子還在牙牙學(xué)語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，父母會(huì)迫切地讓他念出ABCD，上了小學(xué)、初中、高中、甚至是大學(xué)，英語(yǔ)變得越來(lái)越重要，相當(dāng)于一門(mén)必修課，不僅在校期間需要學(xué)習(xí)，許多家長(zhǎng)還為孩子們報(bào)了這樣那樣的班。在大學(xué)里，我們得過(guò)CET4、CET6，并且大多數(shù)學(xué)校將這些作為評(píng)判學(xué)生們是否能夠拿到畢業(yè)證書(shū)的一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，可是古代的人卻只研究文言文，卻也有了隋唐、康乾盛世。第一次，第二次世界大戰(zhàn)這血一般的教訓(xùn)告訴我們，落后就要挨打，落后就要被掠奪，于是中國(guó)人民開(kāi)始聰明起來(lái)了，漸漸地了解到學(xué)習(xí)的重要性。世界上60%以上的信件是用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)的，50%以上的報(bào)紙雜志是英語(yǔ)的，要想學(xué)習(xí)其他國(guó)家的歷史文化和科研成果，我們就不得不學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。

英語(yǔ)，大家都學(xué)了十幾年了，可是奇怪的是沒(méi)有幾個(gè)人能夠流利的講出一句英文，大家的學(xué)習(xí)方法存在始終問(wèn)題。專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)課即將結(jié)束，在課程中，老師從來(lái)沒(méi)有講到“專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)”（倒是在傳感器中講的較多），聽(tīng)的多了就明白了老師的初衷：并不單只想讓我們學(xué)習(xí)專(zhuān)業(yè)上的英語(yǔ)，更多的是讓我們了解國(guó)外的一些傳統(tǒng)文化。在這一學(xué)期中，老師為我們講了很多希臘神話與圣經(jīng)中的故事，同時(shí)也為我們推薦了許多好看的電影和歌曲，通過(guò)這些來(lái)點(diǎn)撥我們，讓我們對(duì)英語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生了濃烈的興趣，而興趣是是最好的老師，最大的動(dòng)力。

第二篇：專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)總結(jié)

幻燈片1 1.In-class practice 將下面與會(huì)議相關(guān)詞語(yǔ)翻譯為漢語(yǔ) ? sponsor贊助者 Cover letter求職信

? organizer組織者 Invitation letter邀請(qǐng)信 ? preparatory committee籌備委員會(huì) ? organizing committee組織委員會(huì)

? contact person聯(lián)系人 Recommendation Letter推薦信 ? keynote speaker主旨發(fā)言人 ? participant與會(huì)者 ? co-sponsors協(xié)辦方

? honorary chairman榮譽(yù)主席 ? program committee程序委員會(huì) ?(vice)chairman副主席 ? members會(huì)員

? executive secretary行政秘書(shū) session chair分會(huì)場(chǎng)主席 幻燈片2 ? Coffee or tea break with refreshments茶歇 ? Dinner晚餐 ? Lunch午餐

? Tour and sightseeing觀光 ? Banquet晚宴

? Reception接待會(huì)

? Welcome speech歡迎詞

? Opening remarks/address/speech開(kāi)幕詞 ? Closing remarks/address/speech閉幕詞 ? Keynote speech/report主旨發(fā)言

? Paper session/paper presentation張貼 ? Poster session海報(bào)展 ? Demonstration說(shuō)明

? Question and answer period/session問(wèn)答環(huán)節(jié)

幻燈片3 機(jī)場(chǎng)的英語(yǔ)標(biāo)識(shí) Airport 飛機(jī)場(chǎng)

Airport lounges 機(jī)場(chǎng)休息室 Airport shuttle 機(jī)場(chǎng)班車(chē) Arrivals 進(jìn)港

Check-in area（zone）辦理登機(jī)區(qū) Customers lounges 旅客休息室 Departures 出港

Departure time 離港時(shí)間 Departure time on reverse 返航時(shí)間

幻燈片4 機(jī)場(chǎng)的英語(yǔ)標(biāo)識(shí)

Destination on airport 到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng) Domestic flight 國(guó)內(nèi)航班 Emergency exit 安全出口 exit/out/way out 出口

arrivals 進(jìn)站（進(jìn)港、到達(dá)）Exit to all routes 各通道出口 Flight connections 轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)處

Assistance/information/help point(desk)/inquiries 問(wèn)訊處 Left baggage 行李寄存 Lost property 失物招領(lǐng)

Luggage from flight 到港行李 幻燈片5 機(jī)場(chǎng)的英語(yǔ)標(biāo)識(shí)

Luggage pick-up/reclaim/ Luggage(baggage)claim 取行李 Missing people help line 走失求助熱線 Missing, police appeal for assistance 警察提供走失幫助

No smoking except in designated area 除制定區(qū)域外，禁止吸煙 customs 海關(guān)

Nothing（something）to declare 有（無(wú)）報(bào)關(guān) Passport control 入境檢驗(yàn) Queue here 在此排隊(duì)

reclaim belt 取行李傳送帶

幻燈片6 機(jī)場(chǎng)的英語(yǔ)標(biāo)識(shí)

Seserved seating 預(yù)定的座位 Return fares 往返機(jī)票 Short stay 短暫停留 Stay close 跟緊

international airport 國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng) domestic airport 國(guó)內(nèi)機(jī)場(chǎng)

international terminal 國(guó)際候機(jī)樓

international/dometic departure 國(guó)際/國(guó)內(nèi)班出港 check-in 登機(jī)手續(xù)辦理

boarding pass/card 登機(jī)牌 gate/departure gate 登機(jī)口

幻燈片7 機(jī)場(chǎng)的英語(yǔ)標(biāo)識(shí)

FLT NO（flight number）航班號(hào) arriving form 來(lái)自。。

scheduled time(SCHED)預(yù)計(jì)時(shí)間 actual 實(shí)際時(shí)間 landed 已降落

departure to 前往

departure time 起飛時(shí)間 delayed 延誤

stairs and lifts to departure 由此乘電梯前往登機(jī) up/upstairs 由此上樓

down/downstairs 由此下樓

幻燈片8 機(jī)場(chǎng)的英語(yǔ)標(biāo)識(shí)

moeny exchange/currency exchange 貨幣兌換處 hotel reservation 訂旅館 luggage locker 行李暫存箱

passport control immigration 護(hù)照檢查處 transfer passengers 中轉(zhuǎn)旅客 transfer correspondence 中轉(zhuǎn)處 transit 國(guó)境

goods to declare 報(bào)關(guān)物品

Taxi pick-up point 出租車(chē)乘車(chē)點(diǎn) coach pick-up point 大轎車(chē)乘車(chē)點(diǎn)

airline coach service 航空公司汽車(chē)服務(wù)處 car hire 租車(chē)處（旅客自己駕車(chē)）

幻燈片9 機(jī)場(chǎng)的英語(yǔ)標(biāo)識(shí)

duty-free shop/stores 免稅店 luggage tag 行李牌

ticket confirm 機(jī)票確認(rèn) carrier 承運(yùn)人（公司）class（fare basis）座艙等級(jí) nationality 國(guó)籍

country of origin(country where you live)原住地 city where visa was issued 簽證簽發(fā)地 date issue 簽發(fā)日期

accompanying number 偕行人數(shù) official use only 官方填寫(xiě) issue date 簽發(fā)日期

security check 安全檢查

幻燈片10 Visa application for entering Canada---工簽（work permit工簽 student permit學(xué)簽）

1.經(jīng)過(guò)本人簽名的有效護(hù)照原件。2.邀請(qǐng)信：

（1）邀請(qǐng)信原件和復(fù)印件各一份。

（2）內(nèi)容包括：邀請(qǐng)人姓名、單位、地址、電話號(hào)碼；被邀請(qǐng)人姓名、單位、預(yù)定訪問(wèn)日期、停留期限、訪問(wèn)目的以及Bench Fee的明確數(shù)額，如無(wú)Bench Fee也請(qǐng)于信中注明。3.工作許可： 按照加拿大駐華使館簽證處最新規(guī)定，公派訪問(wèn)學(xué)者（SPONSORED RESEARCHERS）申請(qǐng)赴加拿大簽證需要提供由加拿大內(nèi)務(wù)部（HOME OFFICE）簽發(fā)的“工作許可”（SPONSORED RESEARCHERS WORK PERMIT）。該工作許可應(yīng)由加拿大邀請(qǐng)人負(fù)責(zé)到加拿大內(nèi)務(wù)部申請(qǐng)。該工作許可為必須材料，否則加拿大駐華使館簽證處不予受理。

幻燈片11 說(shuō)明書(shū)常用術(shù)語(yǔ)

operational/operating instructions 操作說(shuō)明書(shū) user's manual 用戶手冊(cè)

major components and functions 主要部件及功能 assembles and controls 各部件及其操作機(jī)構(gòu) group designation 各類(lèi)名稱(chēng)

operating flow chart 操作流程圖 fine adjustment 微調(diào) coarse adjustment 粗調(diào)

direction for use 使用方法 wear-life 抗磨損壽命

幻燈片12 說(shuō)明書(shū)常用術(shù)語(yǔ)

high voltage cautions 小心高電壓 transportation 搬運(yùn)，運(yùn)輸 instruction for erection 安裝規(guī)程 power requirements 電源條件 service condition 工作條件 system diagram 系統(tǒng)示意圖

wiring/circuit diagram 線路圖 operating voltage 工作電壓 factory services 工廠檢修服務(wù) specific wearability 磨損率

幻燈片13 說(shuō)明書(shū)常用術(shù)語(yǔ)

precautions/cautions 注意事項(xiàng) measuring range 量程 data book 數(shù)據(jù)表 Don't cast 勿擲

standard accessories 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)附件 accessories supplied 備用附件 safety factor 安全系數(shù)

tested error free 經(jīng)檢驗(yàn)無(wú)質(zhì)量問(wèn)題 ground/GND terminal 接地端子 earth lead 地線

幻燈片14 說(shuō)明書(shū)常用術(shù)語(yǔ)

inflammable 易燃物、防火 keep dry 保持干燥 keep upright 無(wú)倒置

To be protected from cold/heat 避免遇冷/熱

Use roller（出現(xiàn)在外包裝箱上時(shí)）移動(dòng)時(shí)使用滾子 warranty 保證書(shū) feature 特點(diǎn)

construction 構(gòu)造

electric system 電氣系統(tǒng) coolant system 冷卻系統(tǒng)

幻燈片15 說(shuō)明書(shū)常用術(shù)語(yǔ) test run 試運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)

first commissioning 試車(chē) maintenance 維護(hù)，維修 dimensions 尺寸 measurement 尺碼 lubrication 潤(rùn)滑 inspection 檢驗(yàn) location 安裝位置 fix screw 固定螺釘 specification 規(guī)格

幻燈片16 說(shuō)明書(shū)常用術(shù)語(yǔ)

rated load 額定負(fù)載 rate capacity 額定容量 nominal speed 額定馬力 Gross/Gr.Wt.毛重 Net Wt.凈重 fragile 易碎

cutting capacity 加工范圍 humidity 濕度

oiling period 加油間隔期 work cycle 工作周期

幻燈片17 合同常用術(shù)語(yǔ)和句型

partial shippment 分裝 transshipment 轉(zhuǎn)船 insurance 保險(xiǎn)

compensation allowance 補(bǔ)償津貼 claim indemnity 索賠 other terms 其他條款

the engaging/engaged party 聘方/受聘方 expiration of the contract 合同到期 be covered by the seller 由賣(mài)方負(fù)責(zé)

幻燈片18 協(xié)議書(shū)常用術(shù)語(yǔ)和句型

agreement on academic exchange 學(xué)術(shù)交流協(xié)議

co-operation agreement on science and technology 科技合作協(xié)議

agreement on production co-operation 生產(chǎn)合作協(xié)議 agreement on persionnel training 人員培訓(xùn)協(xié)議

patterns and contents of co-operation 合作方式和內(nèi)容 measures of implementation 執(zhí)行措施 Sino-foreign joint venture 中外合資 duration of agreement 協(xié)議有效期 personnel matters 人員交流 the two sides 雙方

technical consulation 技術(shù)咨詢(xún) financial arrangements 費(fèi)用安排

幻燈片19 ? Optimal control and optimization;最優(yōu)控制及優(yōu)化 ? Process control過(guò)程控制 ? Stochastic systems隨機(jī)系統(tǒng)

? Instrumentation systems儀表系統(tǒng) ? Mobile robotics移動(dòng)式機(jī)器人學(xué) ? Perception systems感知系統(tǒng)

? Robot sensing and data fusion機(jī)器人感知與數(shù)據(jù)融合幻燈片20

TOPICs ? Human/Computer Interaction, ? Human/Machine Systems, ? Image Processing, ? Computer Vision，? Information Assurance and Security, ? Intelligent Communications, ? Intelligent Systems，? Intelligent Transportation Systems, ?

Internet/Electronic Commerce，? Knowledge Acquisition and Engineering, ? Manufacturing Systems, ? Optimization, ?

Pattern Recognition, ?

Quality/Reliability & Systems Engineering

? Computational Intelligence, ? Soft Computing, Fuzzy Systems, ? Neuro-Fuzzy Systems, ? Neural Networks(NN), ? Genetic Algorithm(GA), ? Evolutionary Computation(EC), ? Hybrid CI Algorithms, ? DNA Computing, ? Evolutionary Logistics, ? Evolutionary Systems，? Adaptive Computing Systems, ? Data Mining and Management, ? Decision Support Systems, ? Informatics，? Environmental Systems，? Expert and Knowledge Based Systems

幻燈片21

Control and Decision: ? Adaptive control;? Complex systems and complex network;? Control applications;

? Control engineering education;? Co-operative control;

? Decision-making theory and method;? Decision supporting system;? Delay systems;

? Discrete event systems;? Distributed control systems;? Distributed parameter systems;

? Fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control;? Fuzzy systems;? Game theory;? Hybrid systems;

? Identification and estimation;? Intelligent systems;

? Knowledge Management and Knowledge Engineering;

幻燈片22 ? Management Information Systems and Enterprise Informalization;? Management of Supply Chain and Logistics;? Modeling and Optimization of E-Commerce;?

Motion control;

? Networked control systems;? Neural networks;? Nonlinear systems;

? Optimal control and optimization;? Process control;?

Production planning and scheduling;?

Robust and H-infinity control;? Sensor network systems;? Social economy systems;? Stochastic systems;

? Variable structure control.幻燈片23 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

幻燈片24

Automation: CIMS and manufacturing systems;Factory modeling and simulation;Home, laboratory and service automation;Instrumentation systems;Intelligent automation;Man-machine interactions;Nano-scale automation and assembly;Network-based systems;

Planning, scheduling and coordination;Process automation.Robotics: ? Human centered systems;

? Medical robots and bio-robotics;? Micro robots and micro-manipulation;? Mobile robotics;

? Mobile sensor networks;? Perception systems;? Robot control;

? Robot sensing and data fusion;? Search, rescue and field robotics;? Space and underwater robots;? Tele-robotics;? Visual servicing.幻燈片25 協(xié)議書(shū)常用術(shù)語(yǔ)和句型

provide equipment, technology, engineering technicians and managerial personnel including quality inspectors 提供設(shè)備、技術(shù)、工程技術(shù)人員以及包括質(zhì)量檢查員在內(nèi)的管理人員 The take-over will take place on...驗(yàn)收將于某月某日進(jìn)行

...hereby indicate the intention to enter into a program of technological co-operation on the basis of mutual benefit(to be benefit both sides)...特此表明雙方在互惠的基礎(chǔ)上簽訂技術(shù)合作項(xiàng)目的愿望。

The two sides agree to co-operate with each other in research projects of common interest.雙方同意對(duì)共同感興趣的項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行合作。

must be completed 10 months after the conclusion of the present agreement.限在本協(xié)議簽訂后10個(gè)月內(nèi)完成。

幻燈片26

2將下列標(biāo)題翻譯為英語(yǔ)。

? *附件中有我的簡(jiǎn)歷。

? Enclosed here is my resume.? 1 有源電力濾波器控制策略綜述

? Review study of control strategy for active power filter ? 2 基于粗糙集理論的系統(tǒng)參數(shù)重要性評(píng)價(jià)及其應(yīng)用

? Significance assessment for the system parameters on base of rough set theory and it's application ? 3 基于蟻群算法的多機(jī)器人協(xié)作策略

? Multi-robot coordination strategy based on ant colony algorithm ? 4 電力系統(tǒng)混沌振蕩的自適應(yīng)補(bǔ)償控制

? Adaptive compensating control for chaos oscillation of power system

幻燈片27

2將下列標(biāo)題翻譯為英語(yǔ)。

? 5 基于結(jié)構(gòu)特征的路面裂紋病害檢測(cè)算法

? Detection algorithm of road cracks on surface disease based upon architecture feature ? 6 基于虛擬儀器技術(shù)的電磁閥綜合特性測(cè)控系統(tǒng)

? Research on overall characteristics of measurement and control system for magnetic valve based upon virtual instrument techniques ? 7 基于自組織映射神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的低壓故障電弧聚類(lèi)分析

? Clustering analysis for low-voltage arc fault based on SOM networks ? 8 基于小波分解的腦CT圖像紋理特征提取

? Texture feature extraction for CT brain images based on wavelet decomposition

幻燈片28 將下面英語(yǔ)（論文標(biāo)題）翻譯為中文。

?(1)PASSIVITY-BASED CONTROLLER– OBSERVER FOR ROBOT MANIPULATORS ? 機(jī)器人執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的無(wú)源控制觀察器

?(2)ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF NON-LINEAR TELEOPERATOR SYSTEMS IN THE PRESENCE OF ADDITIVE INPUT AND OUTPUT DISTURBANCES ? 存在附加輸入和輸出擾動(dòng)的非線性遙控機(jī)器人系統(tǒng)的自適應(yīng)控制

?(3)AN OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM FOR THE COORDINATED HYBRID AGENT FRAMEWORK ? 協(xié)調(diào)混合主體框架的優(yōu)化算法

?(4)BEHAVIOUR EMERGENCE MODEL BASED ON CHANGES IN SENSORY INFORMATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO MULTIPLE TASKS ? 基于感覺(jué)信息變化的行為上升模型及其在多任務(wù)中的應(yīng)用 ?(5)Running Temperature and Mechanical Stability of Grease as Maintenance Parameters of Railway Bearings ? 運(yùn)行溫度和油脂的機(jī)械穩(wěn)定性鐵路軸承的維護(hù)參數(shù)

幻燈片29 ?(6)An Improved Approach to Delay-dependent Robust Stabilization for Uncertain Singular Time-delay Systems ? 不確定奇異時(shí)滯系統(tǒng)的遲滯相關(guān)魯棒鎮(zhèn)定的改進(jìn)方法

?(7)Stability Analysis of Discrete-time Systems with Additive Time-varying Delays ? 附加時(shí)變延遲的離散系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性分析

?(8)CONTROL OF A SCARA ROBOT: PSO-PID APPROACH ? SCARA機(jī)器人的控制：粒子群優(yōu)化-PID方法

?(9)FRACTIONAL CALCULUS-BASED OPTIMAL CONTROLLERS OF AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR IN POWER SYSTEM.? 在電力系統(tǒng)中自動(dòng)電壓調(diào)節(jié)器的基于微積分的最優(yōu)控制器

?(10)RESEARCH OF WEATHERSENSITIVE SHORT-TERM LOAD FORECASTING ? 氣象敏感的短期負(fù)荷預(yù)測(cè)的研究

幻燈片30 ?(11)DISPERSED GENERATION IN MODERN POWER SYSTEMS AND ITS IMPACT IN EUROPE ON POWER SYSTEM STRUCTURE AND SECURE OPERATION ? 現(xiàn)代電力系統(tǒng)分散發(fā)電及其對(duì)歐洲電力系統(tǒng)體系結(jié)構(gòu)和安全運(yùn)行的影響 ?(12)COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR DIGITAL REGULATORS IN SERIES DC MOTOR CONTROLLED DRIVE ? 串聯(lián)直流電機(jī)控制驅(qū)動(dòng)器的數(shù)字顯示調(diào)節(jié)儀的比較性能分析

?(13)An Assessment Tool for Land Reuse with Artificial Intelligence Method ? 采用人工智能方法的土地再利用評(píng)估工具

?(14)Watermarking of Digital Images in Frequency Domain ? 在頻域中的數(shù)字圖像水印技術(shù)

?(15)Action Control of Soccer Robots Based on Simulated Human Intelligence ? 基于人工智能模擬的足球機(jī)器人的行為控制

幻燈片31 ?(16)Real-time Virtual Environment Signal Extraction andDenoising Using Programmable Graphics Hardware ? 使用可編程圖像硬件進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)虛擬環(huán)境信號(hào)的提取和去噪

?(17)Soft Sensing Modelling Based on Optimal Selection of Secondary Variables and Its Application ? 基于二次變量最優(yōu)選擇的軟測(cè)量模型及其應(yīng)用

?(18)Adaptive Fuzzy Dynamic Surface Control for Uncertain Nonlinear Systems ? 具有不確定非線性系統(tǒng)的自適應(yīng)模糊動(dòng)態(tài)表面控制

?(19)Kalman Filtering with Partial Markovian Packet Losses ? 有部分馬爾科夫丟包損失的卡爾曼濾波 ?(20)On Problems of Multicomponent System Maintenance Modelling ? 多元系統(tǒng)維護(hù)的建模問(wèn)題

幻燈片32 In-class practise: Conclusion(結(jié)論)：

An effective positioning means is developed by establishing pseudo_range-pseudo_range rate-heading measurements model of a miniature AHRS/GPS.Due to the large drifts and poor stability of MEMS sensors, the QEKF gauss nonlinear filter algorithm is applied to the whole system through computing the complicated Hessian matrix related to the second-order form of nonlinear equations.After carrying on a numerical simulation, the optimal estimates of parameters are achieved as expected, that is(viz.), the root mean squares(RMS)of attitude error and position error never exceed 90“ and 3m respectively, even if the accuracy of the sensors is modest, which thus demonstrates that the QEKF yields to accurate estimates and it is proved to be feasible for this low-cost AHRS/GPS integration.The following investigation will focus on the improvement of the accuracy of micro inertial sensors, if the accurate results are desired.幻燈片33 4.Abstrace例文翻譯 In-class practise:

以低成本陸用航姿參考系統(tǒng)(AHRS)/ GPS緊耦合系統(tǒng)為研究對(duì)象,建立了基于偽距、偽距率、航向角的組合觀測(cè)數(shù)學(xué)模型。引入強(qiáng)跟蹤濾波(STF)算法,利用漸消因子的作用,增強(qiáng)濾波器對(duì)狀態(tài)快速變化的跟蹤能力。同時(shí),針對(duì)微慣性器件漂移過(guò)大的缺點(diǎn),采用二階EKF(QEKF)方法,通過(guò)對(duì)Hessian 矩陣的求解,補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)觀測(cè)方程線性化的二階截?cái)嗾`差。仿真表明: STQEKF 方法可高速準(zhǔn)確地逼近系統(tǒng)非線性模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)陸地載體導(dǎo)航控制,在傳感器精度有限的情況下,使姿態(tài)和位置的控制效果較標(biāo)準(zhǔn)EKF 分別提高了約8.9 %～38.2 %和48.7 %～54.4 %。幻燈片34

Time delay of the internet is characterized as random, unbounded, and different for both branches in the control loop [9, 10] and it may cause instability of the system.Therefore, researchers developed some methods to deal with time delay, including passivity theory-based and control theory-based approaches [11].Anderson and Spong [12] derived a control law based on passivity and scattering theory to ensure tele-operative stability subject to any time delay.Niemeyer and Slotine [13] proposed the wave variables-based approach to address time-delay in tele-operation.Lawrence [14] addressed time delay in a four-channel bilateral tele-manipulation.Yoshikawa and Ueda [15] used scattering theory to assess the stability of four conventional tele-operation architectures.Munir and Book [16] incorporated a Smith predictor and Kalman filter to improve the performance of a wave-based tele-operator in the presence of a varying-time delay.幻燈片35 ? 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)延的特點(diǎn)是隨機(jī)的、不受限的，并且在控制回路中的分支間是不同的，這可能導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)的不穩(wěn)定。因此，針對(duì)時(shí)延，研究者開(kāi)發(fā)了一些方法，包括基于無(wú)源性理論和控制理論的方法。安德森和斯幫推導(dǎo)出一個(gè)控制律，這個(gè)規(guī)律是基于無(wú)源性和散射理論的，它能確保在任何時(shí)延的情況下的遙操作的穩(wěn)定性。尼邁耶和斯洛坦提出了波變量方法來(lái)處理遙操作中的時(shí)延。勞倫斯解決了四通道雙邊遙操作中的時(shí)延。吉川和上田使用散射理論來(lái)研究四個(gè)傳統(tǒng)遙操作架構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定性。穆尼爾和布克將史密斯預(yù)估器和卡爾曼濾波器結(jié)合起來(lái)，以此來(lái)提高波在變化的時(shí)延情況下的遙操作性能。

幻燈片36 Abstract: The theoretical study due to the giant magneto-impedance(GMI)effect of Co-rich amorphous wire sensor is presented.As a practical device, this sensor may be used to sense the Earth’s magnetic field and to provide a measure of the attitude of a moving vehicle.It is proposed a multivibrator bridge should be adopted as the structure module.The measuring principle of the sensor is stressed, which is accomplished by means of establishing corresponding mathematic model.In sequence, with a numerical simulation being carried out, a good linear characteristic between voltage and measured field in the range of is achieved, which demonstrates this sensor is a linear one, and it is capable of measuring weak signal of magnetic field.In addition, the application of this sensor for the attitude and heading reference system(AHRS)with the micro inertial measurement units(MIMUs)is studied, providing an effective method for low cost solid-state AHRS with high accuracy theoretically.幻燈片37 鈷基非晶絲傳感器的巨磁阻抗影響已經(jīng)有了相關(guān)理論性研究，作為一個(gè)實(shí)用裝置，該傳感器可被用于感知地球磁場(chǎng)以及測(cè)量行駛中小車(chē)的姿態(tài)，并提出多諧振蕩橋應(yīng)該用于結(jié)構(gòu)模塊。該傳感器的測(cè)量原則強(qiáng)調(diào)要通過(guò)建立相應(yīng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型來(lái)完成測(cè)量。通過(guò)進(jìn)行逐一的數(shù)值仿真，實(shí)現(xiàn)了電壓和測(cè)量范圍間能具有良好的線性特性，這也表明了該傳感器是線性的，并且能夠測(cè)量磁場(chǎng)的微弱信號(hào)。此外，對(duì)該傳感器在姿態(tài)航向參考系統(tǒng)與微慣性測(cè)量單元的應(yīng)用也進(jìn)行了研究，并在理論上為高精度低成本的固態(tài)姿態(tài)航向系統(tǒng)提供了一種有效的方法。幻燈片38 In-class practise: ? 3.Abstract翻譯 Healthy sensors are essential for the reliable monitoring and control of building automation systems(BAS).This paper presents a diagnostic tool to be used to assist building automation systems for online sensor heath monitoring and fault diagnosis of air-handling units.The tool employs a robust sensor fault detection and diagnosis(FDD)strategy based on the Principal Component Analysis(PCA)method.Two PCA models are built corresponding to the heat balance and pressure-flow balance of an air-handling process.Sensor faults are detected using the Q-statistic and diagnosed using an isolation-enhanced PCA method that combines the Q-contribution plot and knowledge-based analysis.The PCA models are updated using a condition-based adaptive scheme to follow the normal shifts in the process due to changing operating conditions.The sensor FDD strategy, the implementation of the diagnostic tool and experimental results in an existing building are presented in this paper.幻燈片39 ? 優(yōu)良的傳感器對(duì)于可靠監(jiān)控和樓宇自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)是至關(guān)重要的。本文提出了一種診斷工具，用來(lái)協(xié)助樓宇自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行在線傳感器優(yōu)良檢測(cè)以及空氣處理單元的故障診斷。該工具采用基于主成分分析方法的魯棒傳感器故障檢測(cè)及診斷策略。構(gòu)建的兩個(gè)主成分分析模型與空氣處理過(guò)程的熱平衡以及壓力流量平衡相對(duì)應(yīng)。傳感器故障是用Q統(tǒng)計(jì)量來(lái)檢測(cè)并用隔離加強(qiáng)的主成分分析法來(lái)診斷的，并結(jié)合了Q貢獻(xiàn)圖和只是分析。由于變化的操作狀態(tài)，該主成分分析模型是通過(guò)使用基于自適應(yīng)方案條件跟蹤正常移距來(lái)完成矯正的。本文還提出了該傳感器故障檢測(cè)和診斷策略、診斷工具的實(shí)現(xiàn)以及在現(xiàn)有建筑中的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果。

幻燈片40 40 In-class practise: Conclusion：

本文提出了一種基于自適應(yīng)進(jìn)化學(xué)習(xí)的約束多目標(biāo)粒子群優(yōu)化算法。該算法根據(jù)不符合約束條件粒子的約束違反程度修正多目標(biāo)粒子群優(yōu)化算法的進(jìn)化學(xué)習(xí)公式，有效地提高了算法在約束邊界區(qū)域的搜索能力；引入了一種基于擁擠距離的Pareto最優(yōu)解分布性動(dòng)態(tài)維護(hù)策略，在不增加算法復(fù)雜度的前提下，改進(jìn)了Pareto前沿的分布性。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，在處理帶約束多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化問(wèn)題時(shí)，基于自適應(yīng)學(xué)習(xí)的約束多目標(biāo)粒子群優(yōu)化算法可以獲得具有更好收斂性、分布性和多樣性的Pareto前沿。

幻燈片41

將下列Abstract翻譯為中文

? Metabolism provides a basis for using first principles of physics, chemistry, and biology to link the biology of individual organisms to the ecology of populations, communities, and ecosystems.Metabolic rate, the rate at which organisms take up, transform, and expend energy and materials, is the most fundamental biological rate.We have developed a quantitative theory for how metabolic rate varies with body size and temperature.Metabolic theory predicts how metabolic rate, by setting the rates of resource uptake from the environment and resource allocation to survival, growth, and reproduction, controls ecological processes at all levels of organization from individuals to the biosphere.幻燈片42

邀請(qǐng)信（Invitation letter）

? Dear Dr.Men: ?

It is my pleasure to invite you to International Heat Transfer Conference(IHTC-14/2010), which is being held in Washington D.C, WA, USA on 08/08/2010-08/13/2010.?

You will be presenting the paper(s), Paper #:22747 ”Study on Biocorrosion Induced by Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria on Heat Exchanger Material in Cooling Water“.ASME is the premier organization for the promotion of the art, science, and practice of mechanical engineering throughout the world.Our mission is to promote and enhance the technical competency and professional well-being of our members, and through quality programs and activities in mechanical engineering better enable its practitioners to contribute to the well-being of humankind.? You are expected to undertake all expenses.? John Beck, ? Director, International Affairs ? Tel: +1(973)882-1170 ? Fax: +1(973)882-1717 E-mail: beckj@asme.org

第三篇：專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)總結(jié)

《專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)》課程總結(jié)

轉(zhuǎn)眼間已經(jīng)度過(guò)了一個(gè)學(xué)期的學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程。

首先，我想說(shuō)的是，我們中國(guó)人真的是很會(huì)背單詞，學(xué)語(yǔ)法，所以，對(duì)于我們而言，似乎英文閱讀是不尷尬的事情。我以前學(xué)的都是很acamedic 的語(yǔ)法，包括單詞，我都沒(méi)有學(xué)好，我學(xué)的單詞最大功用是閱讀使用，和說(shuō)話時(shí)候偶爾用到，即使是這樣，我的好朋友還是說(shuō)我的英語(yǔ)雖較比較fluent,但是不夠natural,有點(diǎn)太academic了。我們知道很多單詞，但是沒(méi)有真正熟悉這些單詞的發(fā)音，這里的熟悉不是單純知道發(fā)音是什么，而是當(dāng)別人說(shuō)出來(lái)的時(shí)候，我們可以很快的識(shí)別它，我們知道其實(shí)美式發(fā)音對(duì)很多單詞的發(fā)音，重音，是和中國(guó)字典里音標(biāo)標(biāo)出來(lái)的不一樣的。所以現(xiàn)在我想來(lái)，一個(gè)必要的做法是，背單詞是一定要聽(tīng)錄音，熟悉美式發(fā)音讀音，自己也要跟讀，模范美式的發(fā)音。多讀，讓自己的腦細(xì)胞熟悉透了這些單詞，然后才能在自己需要用的時(shí)候，一下想起來(lái)。

我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)總結(jié)為五條：

一、感情第一

In my opinion，要想學(xué)好英語(yǔ)或者說(shuō)至少在學(xué)的過(guò)程中不感到痛苦，就必須學(xué)會(huì)將英語(yǔ)變成一種愛(ài)好，一種興趣，這樣在學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中才不至于半途而廢、有始無(wú)終且學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)如座針氈、抓耳撓腮、味同嚼蠟、痛苦無(wú)比！

二、長(zhǎng)期積累

“積累”可以說(shuō)是任何學(xué)習(xí)所必需的，在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中它顯得更為重要！For example ：我將英語(yǔ)中的“單詞、語(yǔ)法、句子、結(jié)構(gòu)、閱讀、寫(xiě)作、聽(tīng)力、口語(yǔ)”等等一切比喻成不同的層，你每學(xué)一些相關(guān)的東西就會(huì)在相應(yīng)的層上加一些東西，而你學(xué)的越扎實(shí)，同樣層與層之間就砸的越扎實(shí)。

三、正確認(rèn)識(shí)

只有經(jīng)過(guò)正確修改的東西才值得牢記。不要反復(fù)去看那些做了而未經(jīng)別

人修改的練習(xí)，看多了就會(huì)不自覺(jué)地連同錯(cuò)誤一起記在腦子里。假若你純屬自學(xué)而無(wú)旁人相助，那你就去記那些肯定是正確無(wú)誤的東西。

四、敢于出口

要敢于說(shuō)話，不要怕出錯(cuò)誤，但要請(qǐng)別人糾正錯(cuò)誤。尤其重要的是，當(dāng)

別人確實(shí)開(kāi)始幫你糾正錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，不要難為情，也不要泄氣。

五、執(zhí)著追求

所謂“執(zhí)著追求”，引用英國(guó)利茲大學(xué)一位教授的話就是一定要相信“the power of your dream”。我的理解是：first，你一定要夢(mèng)想，只有有了夢(mèng)想你才有了追求的目標(biāo)，才有力量，才有方向和動(dòng)力。

人生總是面臨著無(wú)數(shù)次選擇。當(dāng)你一次次站在十字路口的時(shí)候，你可曾彷徨、可曾無(wú)助、可曾一籌莫展？可是當(dāng)你經(jīng)過(guò)深思熟慮作出決定后，我想你已經(jīng)找到了自己繼續(xù)前進(jìn)的方向！學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)一天也不能中斷，倘若確實(shí)沒(méi)有時(shí)間，哪怕每天擠出十分鐘來(lái)也行。早晨是學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的大好時(shí)光，要是學(xué)厭了，不必過(guò)于勉強(qiáng)，但也不要扔下不學(xué)。如果真的學(xué)厭了，這時(shí)可以變換一下學(xué)習(xí)方式。比如，可以把書(shū)放在一邊去聽(tīng)聽(tīng)廣播，或暫時(shí)擱下課本的練習(xí)去翻翻詞典等。但絕不要脫離上下文孤立地去死記硬背，應(yīng)該隨時(shí)隨地記下并背熟那些平時(shí)用得最多的“句套子”。盡可能“心譯”你接觸到的東西，如一閃而過(guò)的廣告和偶爾聽(tīng)到的話語(yǔ)等，這也是一種休息方式。最后堅(jiān)信自己一定能達(dá)到目的，要堅(jiān)信自己有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)不屈的毅力和語(yǔ)言方面非凡才能。

班級(jí):09電子301

姓名：陳士升

學(xué)號(hào)：20094033105

第四篇：專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)要點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1.Writing requirements for title2.3.The function of affiliation are : 4.5.The general requirements of keywords :

6.Common problems in abstract writing are Mixed writing style, 7.General writing requirements of introduction: 8.General functions of reference are 9.10.General functions of footnotes are 11.Tenses in papers are :12.Sentence Structure of Scientific English:

Professional authors prefer to use indicative sentences to describe experiments or investigations conducted, state the quality or property of the matter used, confirm laws or principles worked out.Various complex sentences are often used to reflect the logical analyses and the complicated interrelations in the scientific research accurately.13., 14.Process undertaken in the experiment includes 15.Introduce to the equipments used in the experiment: 16.17.General requirement for research description are:

18.Types of logical development: Developing byDeveloping the ResearchDeveloping the Research 19.Classification of professional papers: 20.The general function of a title in a professional paper a professional paper are 21.The general requirements for the authors and affiliation in a professional paper are:22.General requirements of abstract are: Miniaturizing the Text, 23.24.Writing requirements of abstract are: 25.26.27.Main elements of discussion are analyzing data, pointing our doubts, expounding viewpoint, stating the significance, arriving at a conclusion.28.Avoidance of writing aconclusion should be :Avoid drawing conclusions from data involving 29.5S Strategy for Abstract Writing:

30.5A Strategy

Five questions to answer in the abstract:

Q1: What is the general knowledge of your topic in the academic field?

Q2: What research topic is the paper to focus on?

Q3: What method or material do you use to support your main point of view? Q4: What conclusion will you draw?

Q5: What is the main contribution of the paper?

第五篇：專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)【神總結(jié)】

詞語(yǔ)翻譯

band width 帶寬

flip-flop、trigger(觸發(fā)器)

diode(二極管)、triode(三極管)triple（3倍）、capacitor(電容)vacuum tube 真空管、電子管 transistor晶體管

integrated circuit（IC）集成電路 electron tubes 電子管 impetus 動(dòng)力

resistors 電阻器、電阻（復(fù)數(shù)）RADAR.雷達(dá) computers

Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)核磁共振 computed axial tomography 軸向計(jì)算層析成像

技術(shù) X-rays

three-dimensional images 三維圖像 Circuit and System 電路與系統(tǒng)

Analog and Digital Circuits Design模電與

數(shù)電設(shè)計(jì)

Radio Receiver Circuit 無(wú)線接收機(jī)電路、收音機(jī)電路

Basic concepts 基本概念 neutron 中子protons 質(zhì)子

electric conductivity 導(dǎo)電性 free electrons自由電子 electric current電流

Signal and System 信號(hào)與系統(tǒng)

Digital Signal Processing 數(shù)字信號(hào)處理 Speech Signal Processing 語(yǔ)音信號(hào)處理 continuous-time 連續(xù)時(shí)間 discrete-time離散時(shí)間

signal energy and power 信號(hào)能量與功率 transform …into… 轉(zhuǎn)變成…、轉(zhuǎn)換成…described….as…被描述為…、說(shuō)成是… sensoryadj.感覺(jué)的, 感官的vibrationsn.振動(dòng), 顫動(dòng), 搖動(dòng), 擺動(dòng) ubiquitousadj.無(wú)處不在的, 普遍存在的 utilityn.效用, 有用

weight function權(quán)值函數(shù)、加權(quán)函數(shù) approximatev.近似, 接近， 約計(jì)

integraln.[數(shù)學(xué)] 積分, 完整, 部分 sparse matrix matrices稀疏矩陣 invariantadj.無(wú)變化的, 不變的seriesn.系列、串聯(lián)

delayv.耽擱, 延遲, 延期, 遲滯 transitionn.轉(zhuǎn)變, 躍遷, 過(guò)渡, 變調(diào) suboptimumadj.次優(yōu)的attenuationn.衰減

Windowed Fourier Transform（WFT）

窗口傅立葉變換 multiplying 乘法的、倍增的 matrix矩陣factored into 分解成hardware, firmware, and software 硬件、固件

和軟件

Fast Fourier Transform、FFT快速傅立葉變換 The Speech Signal 語(yǔ)音信號(hào) Signal Processing信號(hào)處理

Digital Speech Processing 數(shù)字語(yǔ)音處理 characterizevt.特征化,提取…特征 encryption加密 cipher密碼

enciphern.[計(jì)] 加密、加密器 decryption解密

deciphern.[計(jì)] 解密

encode、decode編碼、譯碼 queryv.詢(xún)問(wèn), 表示懷疑 transactionn.辦理, 交易, 事務(wù)

Electromagnetic Fields Theory 電磁場(chǎng)理論 Antenna 天線

feed point 饋電點(diǎn)、供給點(diǎn) waveguide 波導(dǎo)

transmission line 傳輸線 nonisotropic 各向異性的 narrow main lobe 窄主瓣 broad main lobe寬主瓣 satellite TV衛(wèi)星電視

electromagnetic waves 電磁波

wireless wide area networks(WWAN)無(wú)線廣域網(wǎng)

wireless personal area networks(WPAN)無(wú)線個(gè)域網(wǎng) Bluetooth 藍(lán)牙

Ultra-wideband(UWB)超寬帶

Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance

()多路復(fù)用和碰撞避免 back haul空載傳輸、回送

Global System for Mobile Communications(GSM)全球移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)

Code Division Multiple Access(CDMA)碼分多路復(fù)用

parallel paths平行路徑 industry standards 工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) WLAN 無(wú)線局域網(wǎng) IEEE 801.11b standard

國(guó)際電氣與電子工程師學(xué)會(huì)801.11b標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

microwave 微波

carrier frequency 載波頻率 forward direction 正向

client/server network主從網(wǎng)，客服網(wǎng) DNSDomain Name System域名系統(tǒng) peer-to-peer network對(duì)等網(wǎng) user authentication用戶認(rèn)證 Local Area Network(LAN).Wide Area Network(WAN).CSMA/CD 載波偵聽(tīng)多路訪問(wèn) packet switching.包交換

invited session proposal邀請(qǐng)會(huì)話提議

2．When we Consider the fact that the transfer functions of the neurons in the output layer are linear, we solve the problem with system of linear equations.因?yàn)檩敵鰧由窠?jīng)元的激活函數(shù)是線性的，我 們用線性方程組來(lái)求解該問(wèn)題。

Thus for a fixed signal power and in the presence of white Gaussian noise the channel capacity approaches an upper limit.因此，對(duì)于一定的信號(hào)功率，且存在白高斯噪聲時(shí)，信道容量將趨近于上限值。

The presence or absence(or, alternatively, the sign)of pulses in a group of pulses is made to depend, in a some what arbitrary manner, on message samples.或許從屬性的角度來(lái)說(shuō)，在每組脈沖中激發(fā)或中斷脈沖電流，都取決于消息樣本。

Electronic amplifiers are used mainly to increase the voltage, current, or power of a signal.電子放大器主要放大信號(hào)的電壓、電流及功率。

句子翻譯

The signal levels inside power-amplifiers are so much larger than these weak inputs that even the slightest ―leakage‖ from the out-put back to the in-put may cause problem.功率放大器中的信號(hào)幅度比微弱的輸入信號(hào)大得多，即使輸出的極微小的泄露傳輸?shù)捷斎攵硕紩?huì)引發(fā)一些問(wèn)題。

1．If there were no attraction between the proton and the electron, the electron would fly away from the proton in a straight line.倘若質(zhì)子和電子之間不存在引力，電子就會(huì)沿直線飛離質(zhì)子。

2.Suppose f(x)is periodic continuous.設(shè)f(x)是周期連續(xù)函數(shù)。

1．Using of neural models can make simulation and optimization process less time-consuming, shifting much computation from on-line optimization to off-line training.采用神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)建?？晒?jié)省仿真和優(yōu)化的時(shí)間，將在線優(yōu)化轉(zhuǎn)為離線訓(xùn)練。

Operational amplifiers(op-amps), built with integrated circuitsand consisting of DC-coupled, multistage, linear amplifiersare popular for audio amplifiers.運(yùn)算放大器內(nèi)建直流耦合多級(jí)線性放大集成電路，它（該元件）廣泛用于音頻放大器。

the largest early computers occupied a volume of hundreds of cubic metersand requiredmany tens of kilowatts of electrical powerand a sizable air conditioning installationto allow this amount of energy to be dissipatedwithout raising the room temperature to unbearable values.例如，早期最大的計(jì)算機(jī)要占據(jù)成百立方，需要幾十kW的電源和一個(gè)相當(dāng)大的空調(diào)設(shè)備，目的是來(lái)消除大量的熱，而不讓室溫過(guò)高。

It can be shown that a system using a three-level code must have a signal-to-noise ratio of 8.5 dB, or 3.7 dB greater, for equal performance in the same channel.這表明對(duì)于相同的信道特性，使用三級(jí)編碼的系統(tǒng)信噪比為8.5分貝, 或高于3.7分貝。

Let the forward–path transfer function be given by the linear difference equation.設(shè)前向傳遞函數(shù)由下列線性差分方程給出。

Taking the former view gives a good insight into the behavior of the quantization error.前面的講解使我們更好地理解量化誤差的特性。（或者：

前述講解使得量化誤差特性更好理解。）

eg.2．由動(dòng)詞派生的名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞。

Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.火箭已用來(lái)探索宇宙?；鸺延糜趯?duì)宇宙的探索。

eg.14Most satellites are designed to burn up themselves after completing mission.按照設(shè)計(jì)大部分衛(wèi)星在完成任務(wù)后自行燃燒。一般衛(wèi)星的設(shè)定為完成任務(wù)后自燃銷(xiāo)毀Eg19 Both compounds are acids, the former is strong while the latter is weak.The adj.這兩種都是酸。前者是強(qiáng)酸，后者是弱酸。Alloy steel is stronger and harder than carbon steel.譯文：合金鋼的強(qiáng)度和硬度比碳鋼大。（形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞）

eg.23 The performance was a success.我們的演出很成功60。執(zhí)行結(jié)果很成功。eg.25 We must make full use of exiting technical equipment.我們必須充分利用現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)設(shè)備。我們必須對(duì)現(xiàn)有技術(shù)設(shè)備進(jìn)行充分利用。我們必須讓現(xiàn)有技術(shù)設(shè)備得到充分利用。2．由于英語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞在翻譯的時(shí)候可以轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語(yǔ)名詞，所以修飾該動(dòng)詞的副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成形容詞。

eg.26 This film im-pressed him deeply.這部電影給了他深刻的印象。這部電影給他印象很深

eg.28 When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor.只要一發(fā)現(xiàn)有可能反對(duì)他的人，他就本能地要用他的魅力和風(fēng)趣將這人爭(zhēng)取過(guò)來(lái)。95 只要一看到潛在的反對(duì)者，他的本能就是用魅力和風(fēng)趣贏得這人。90

eg.10The acquaintance of science means mastering the law of nature.譯文：認(rèn)識(shí)科學(xué)意味著掌握自然規(guī)律。（名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞）

I had experienced oxygen and /or engine trouble.譯文：有可能是氧氣設(shè)備和或|引擎出故障，或兩者都出故障。

eg.4While stars and nebulae look like specks or small patches of light, they are really enormous bodies.譯文：星星們看起來(lái)是小光斑，但其實(shí)是巨大的天體。

eg.16Stainless steels possess good hardness and high strength.譯文：不銹鋼硬度大、強(qiáng)度高。

不銹鋼擁有高硬度、高強(qiáng)度的特性

eg.31Some theorems like regarding noise as Gaussian white noise.譯文：許多理論傾向于將噪聲看作高斯白噪聲。

The sampling theorem shows that

all values of a signal can be determinedby sampling the signal

at a rate equal to at least twice the bandwidth.譯文：抽樣定理表明，信號(hào)的抽樣頻率至少為信號(hào)頻率的兩倍信號(hào)時(shí)，該信號(hào)才能全部恢復(fù)。

Correct：

1、基于高斯小波濾波器的語(yǔ)音識(shí)別特征提取方法 摘要：把小波理論應(yīng)用于抗噪語(yǔ)音識(shí)別特征提取，提出了基于高斯小波濾波器的語(yǔ)音識(shí)別特征提取方法，通過(guò)對(duì)人耳聽(tīng)覺(jué)特性的研究，按照人耳臨界帶寬設(shè)計(jì)了一組高斯小波帶通濾波器。詳細(xì)討論了高斯小波濾波器的尺度參數(shù)選擇方法。使用RBF識(shí)別網(wǎng)絡(luò)，仿真實(shí)現(xiàn)了使用新特征與原特征的識(shí)別結(jié)果，證明了新特征具有較高的識(shí)別率和優(yōu)良的抗噪性能。

關(guān)鍵詞: 特征提??；高斯小波；語(yǔ)音識(shí)別 Feature-Extraction Method Based on Gauss-Wavelet-Filter in Speech-Recognition Abstract:——used wavelet theory in noise robust feature-extraction of speech-recognition and introduced a feature-extraction method based on Gauss wavelet filter.The Gauss wavelet filter with human critical frequency band was obtained by studying human auditory characteristics.The method of scale parameter choosing was also studied in designing Gauss wavelet filter.The methods with novel and original feature

was simulated.The RBF neural net was used in train and recognition course.The results show that new feature has higher recognition rate and better robustness than traditional feature.Key words: feature extraction;Gauss wavelet;speech recognition2、基于獨(dú)立分量分析的單通道語(yǔ)音增強(qiáng)算法 摘要：傳統(tǒng)的獨(dú)立分量分析要求觀測(cè)信號(hào)的個(gè)數(shù)不能小于源信號(hào)的個(gè)數(shù)，無(wú)法直接對(duì)單路信號(hào)進(jìn)行獨(dú)立分量分析。為了能夠利用獨(dú)立分量分析分離加性噪聲，須構(gòu)造一路觀測(cè)信號(hào)?；谡Z(yǔ)音信號(hào)的短時(shí)平穩(wěn)的特性，該文提出一種構(gòu)造噪聲信號(hào)的算法，實(shí)現(xiàn)了信號(hào)與噪聲的分離。仿真結(jié)果表明，利用該算法可得到很好的消噪結(jié)果，提高信號(hào)的信噪比。

關(guān)鍵詞：獨(dú)立分量分析；盲源分離；語(yǔ)音增強(qiáng)；單通道

Single Channel Speech Enhancement Algorithm Based on Independent Component Analysis

Abstract: The standard independent component analysis algorithm require that the number of sensors is more than or equal to that of sources, so it is impossible to apply independent component analysis to a single channel signal directly.This paper proposes an algorithm for constructing a noise signal for noise reduction based on ICA, thereby noise and signal can be separated through ICA.Simulation result shows that much better de-noise effect and signal-noise ratio can be obtained by using this algorithm.Key words: Independent Component Analysis(ICA);blind sources separation;speech enhancement;single channel