第一篇：2014大學生英語專業(yè)必備高級英語作文

An insatiable appetite

Laurie Lee states in his composition Appetite that “wilde said he felt sorry for those who never got their heart’s desire, but sorrier still for those who did.” For his part, appetite is one of the main pleasures in life, which can guard the happiness of life.I quite agree with his viewpoint.When I was young, I had a strong desire to possess a beautiful dress.However, my parents would not buy me a dress in order to cut down family expenditures.At the same time, my companions could have pretty clothes and all they wanted to eat, which made me envious.I would rather possess a pretty dress than have a meal.The craving was so intensive that I dreamt every lovely dress at night.Nevertheless, when I got a dreamy dress from my parents one day, all appetite was disappeared.I felt joyful for an acute moment.Then, nothing can remain in the wanting, neither dress nor lust.As the proverb goes, “Happiness is the process of acquisition, rather than results.” When we finally reach our goals, the happiness is not as keen as we have anticipated.In conclusion, life is short and precious, and we should preserve the desire to have a happy life.3080311131 顧曉晨 英語085班

第二篇：大學生英語專業(yè)高級英語譯文

第七課

神奇的集成電路片時代(節(jié)選)

新生的微型技術將使社會發(fā)生巨變這是一個極小的薄片，只有大約四分之一英寸見方。在顯微鏡下看起來，它就像一幅繁花似錦的那伐鶴地毯，或是一幅鐵路調車場的鳥瞰圖。像海灘上的沙粒一樣，它的主要成分是硅——地球表面除氧之外蘊含量最為豐富的元素。

然而，這種惰性小薄片——大多數美國人尚不熟悉——卻具有驚人的本領，正在使我們的社會發(fā)生著巨變。這種被稱為神奇的集成電路片的東西有著與二十五年前制造出的足有一間房子大的老式計算機相同的計算能力。那種老式計算機內有許許多多的真空電子管和亂麻似的導線，又大又笨，形似怪物。集成電路片是由老式計算機衍化而來的，所不同的是它造價低廉，易于批量生產，計算速度快，功能繁多，使用方便。

神奇的集成電路片代表了人類科技的新發(fā)展。近幾年來，這項技術的發(fā)展勢

頭之迅猛和意義之深遠足可與人類歷史上生產工具的出現和蒸汽機的發(fā)明相提并論。正如工業(yè)革命替人類承擔了大量繁重的體力勞動，并極大地發(fā)展了生產力一樣，微型計算機正迅速地替人類承擔起大量繁重的腦力勞動，并以人們現在才開始掌握的各種方式擴大了人腦的功能。有了集成電路片，計算機存儲信息和執(zhí)行指令的驚人本領就在以汽車發(fā)動機到大學和醫(yī)院，從農場到銀行和公司辦公室，從外層空間到托兒所等各個領域發(fā)揮作用。

日常生活：按鈕的神通

早晨七點半鐘，鬧鐘鈴聲一響，臥室的窗簾輕輕地自動往兩邊分開，百葉遮

陽簾啪地一聲向上卷起，恒溫器將室溫上調到令人愜意的華氏七十度。廚房里的咖啡壺開始咕咕作響；后門自動打開放狗子出去。電視機熒光屏閃亮，開始播放

當天的第一套新聞節(jié)目，這是(頭天晚上預設好的)選擇性新聞提要，內容包括世界上最近發(fā)生的一切對經濟有影響的，涉及立法、政治以及金融方面的重大事件。新聞播完后，屏幕上便接著顯示出早晨收到的信函，來函者都是通過將信息輸入計算機網絡而將信函傳遞過來的。此時仍舒舒服服躺在床上的那位現代阿拉丁緊接著便按下床頭柜上的一個按鈕，發(fā)出一連串公私事務上的備忘錄信息，這些信息立刻便出現在那魔幻似的屏幕上。浴室里淋浴器準時地自動打開，水溫也調控得恰到好處。阿先生洗完淋浴后，即得到一陣蜂鳴器的響聲和熒光屏上一道藍光的提示。他的上司——公司總經理已經出發(fā)上班了。阿先生這才穿好衣服，步態(tài)從容地走到汽車邊，他的汽車自然已經發(fā)動好了??

在丈夫與她吻別之后，艾麗斯?阿拉丁便全神貫注地審讀著屏幕上顯示出來的當地各家商店和市場的物價對照表。在電視屏幕上與肉店、面包店和雜貨店老板們進行面對面的商談之后，她按下一個按鈕，訂購當天晚宴所需的各種物品。接著，她又按下廚房計算機終端設備上的幾個按鈕，從計算機存儲器中調出一些她所喜愛的菜譜，指令計算機計算出六份飯菜所需的各種配料的數量，指示烤爐下午七點十五分點火，根據菜譜上的要求調節(jié)出烹飪各道菜時的合適溫度。接下來，艾麗斯參加了一場拜占廷藝術電視討論會(她是通過計算機學習拜占廷藝術的)。過后，她信步走進微機室。在那里，小阿拉迪剛從耳機中得知，他的拉丁語動詞變位練習成績“優(yōu)良”。

這完全是科學幻想嗎?也許是吧。但是，盡管以上描述的那一連串發(fā)生在早晨的事情還要過若干年后才能變成現實，實現這一切所需的基本技術業(yè)已問世。像以上描述的那種早晨舒舒服服地起來，不費多大勁卻能做好許多事情，這種情況將來會極為普通。只要沒有頭痛、胃痛和心痛，美國人一天的生活會過得像一

天開始時一樣順暢。這一切全是由于微型計算機的神奇功能，使得那造價極低廉的集成電路片能用電子技術擔負起大量令人厭煩又耗費時間的工作。

微型電子技術革命可望減輕生活負擔，提高生活質量，簡化生活程序，而且這些美好前景是連幻想家們做夢也沒有想到過的。無論是家里還是辦公室里，日?，嵤露紝⒁泽@人的高效率和高速度得到處理；休閑時間不僅會大大增加，也會變得更加豐富多彩；在美國，常常是枯燥乏味、變化無常的公共教育也將會具有像牛津大學導師制教育那樣令人振奮的質量——從學前教育開始即是這樣。醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務也會更加完善而少出差錯。

信件誤投的事將不再會經常發(fā)生；在大街上行走會變得更加安全，因為人們再不必隨身攜帶大量的現金，幾乎所有的金融交易都將通過計算機來完成；在微型電子化社會里，家庭將再度成為社會活動的中心，就像工業(yè)革命前的情形一樣。

神奇的集成電路片的大規(guī)模生產，已經使家庭計算機系統(tǒng)的售價有可能低于八百美元——而且價格還將繼續(xù)下跌。許許多多的家用電器都將由計算機來控制。終有一天，家用計算機將會像廚房的洗滌槽一樣成為極普通的家庭日常用具；通過計算機程序來控制洗衣機、防盜防火報警器、縫紉機、機器人吸塵器和全自動洗碗機。一旦某種機器出了故障，只需問一下計算機即可馬上調出修復指令——將來生產的換代計算機還會自動排除故障。能源消耗也可以通過一種計算機控制的裝置得以降低，因為這種裝置能自動地根據各生活區(qū)的需要送熱，而對不需要的地區(qū)則關閉熱源。該裝置的那只萬能的眼睛時時刻刻能感知到哪兒有人哪兒沒人，因此，它同樣可以根據需要開關電燈。

隨著家用信息處理系統(tǒng)取代備忘簿、筆記本、文件夾、帳本和廚房記事板的功能，廢紙堆將再也看不見了。

盡管要等到若干年后普通的家庭主婦才能通過電腦電視采購物品，但達到這一目標的基本技術設備已在越來越多的超級市場里裝置起來了。

表面看起來，計算機似是一種導致人類特性喪失的因素，但實際情況恰恰相反。計算機正引導著消費者群體擺脫由流水線大批生產出來的各種產品千篇一律的狀況。將來總有一天，集成電路片會使根據顧客要求定制鞋子和衣服的程序——由計算機控制進行——有可能在幾分鐘內完成。目前這種定制生產的產品還只有少數富人能夠享用，到那時便人人都可享用了。

在醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生領域中，個人服務比在美國生活的其他任何領域都顯得重要。在這個領域中，計算機的參與也同樣會成為一個人性化的因素。若由一臺計算機按編好的程序來恰當地向病人提問以了解病情而不是由一位疲憊不堪、模樣可能有點嚇人的醫(yī)生來詢問病情的話，病人一定會更準確詳盡地說出自己的癥狀、飲食習慣和病史。

在有些醫(yī)院里，計算機有編好的程序用來提醒藥房按處方配藥，并提示護士按時按量讓患者服藥。

對于流動性強的美國人來說，除了健康、愛情和美滿家庭之外，幸福還有賴于汽車。計算機技術有可能會使我們現在所熟悉的汽車成為博物館里的古董。除了裝在發(fā)動機罩底上的微型處理器有助于提高汽車運行效率外，微型計算機還能簡化汽車操縱程序，提高安全系數，使開車人和坐車人既放心又省心。福特汽車公司現在已經可以向購買該公司所產大陸牌V型轎車的用戶提供一種叫“燃料里程計量器”的東西。司機只需按下一個按鈕，即可從表上看出油箱中的現存油量及在有必要重新加油前他的汽車所能行駛(以當時的行速)的里程數。駕駛通用汽車公司一九七八年產的卡迪拉克牌塞維利亞型轎車的司機也享有類似的便利：只要按一個按鈕，就能知道離預定的某個目的地尚有多少里程以及預計到達目的地的時間。將來生產出來的最高級的轎車上將會裝備一個只有鉛筆般大，卻能在幾秒鐘內撥通世界上任何號碼的移動電話，還會裝備一個能代替措手不及的司機剎車的自動剎車裝置和一個避免發(fā)生撞車事故的微型雷達。

電子革命的最大、最多的好處(與其他幾次革命不同)將體現在年輕人身上。據麻省理工學院數學和教育學教授塞摩爾?帕波特預測，兩年之內進人家庭供學生用的個人電腦將達五百萬臺；他預測出，到一九八二年，百分之八十的上中層階級的家庭將擁有“能對他們子女的智力開發(fā)起重要作用”的計算機。電子化教育的先驅、加利福尼亞作家羅伯特?阿布萊希特說過，“在學校里，計算機將比幻燈機、放影機和錄音機更為常見。從學校一開門，到課間休息、午休，直至校長宣布放學，從頭至尾計算機都會發(fā)生作用。”

舉國上下，“這些神奇的動物”一一人們是這樣稱呼計算機的——都在為那些精疲力竭、力不從心的教師們助一臂之力。它們正在重新激起那些厭學的學生的學習熱情，以多數教師尚未知悉的方式吸引著學生們并給他們以求知的動力。

對廣大消費者而言，要全面應用計算機革命的一切成果為時尚早。據估計，計算機至少還有二萬五千種用途有待我們去發(fā)現?！督洕鷮W家》雜志曾發(fā)表文章評論說，“要問計算機有多少種用途，就同問電有多少種用途一樣?！鄙衿娴募呻娐菲厝粫约扔幸嬗钟行У姆绞接绊懨绹?，計算機革命正在促進人的智力發(fā)展，解放人的四肢，將人類生活提到一個更高的水平。

(摘自《時代》，1978年2月20日)

第三篇：大學英語專業(yè)的高級英語教學工作

結語翻譯目的論從一個新的角度界闡釋了翻譯將翻譯的預期目的放到首要位置并把翻譯至于跨文化交 際中將文化差異的因素考慮在內這為農業(yè)論文的漢英翻譯提供了新的視角對翻譯實踐有重要的指導意 義。根據目的論農業(yè)論文的漢英翻譯應更加注重譯文語言的可接受性關注目的語讀者的表達習慣以及 中英文的句法差異使譯文符合農業(yè)英語的文體特點注重譯文的邏輯性、客觀性和正確性。同時還要深 刻理解譯語的文化差異充分考慮譯入語讀者的心理感受發(fā)揮譯者的主體性避免讀者困惑不解使文章具 有可讀性。這樣才能達到國際間學術交流的目的有效地將我國農業(yè)的發(fā)展成果、思想策略傳播到國外 為世界農業(yè)的發(fā)展做出貢獻。校內同事舉證評價高級英語是外國語學院英語專業(yè)三年級的一門專業(yè)主 干課程擔任這門課程的教師均有出國經歷業(yè)務能力強教學經驗豐富課程組倡導研究性學習注重培養(yǎng)學 生的分析問題、解決問題的能力課堂教學采用三點一線的教學模式和多元一體的復合型教學方法較大 地提高了教學水平使學生受益匪淺在英語專業(yè)過級中取得了較好的成績(根據對校內教學督導組教授座 談調查反饋整理)。來自教學管理部門、專家們的肯定 作為教學質量的監(jiān)控部門外國語學院每年都對 高級英語課程任課教師進行定量評價和定性評價。在評價中每次都以其優(yōu)良的教學效果獲得好評所有 任課老師的考評成績100%獲得優(yōu)秀。

2007年教育部對吉林農業(yè)大學教學評估http://期間專家對外語學院的教學、論文等工作進行了全面評估獲得“優(yōu)秀 英語專家對吉林農業(yè)大學英語專業(yè)的高級英語教學工作、對 授課教師、對學生的表達水平給予了非常高的評價。結語由于現在的教學評價和測試環(huán)節(jié)尚未完全科學化、系統(tǒng)化“三維一體的考評體系中仍存在 教師評價的主觀性因素;各位教師的現代教育技術運用能力尚待進一步提高。隨著英語專業(yè)高級英語教 學改革的深入對教師的業(yè)務水平、科研能力、教材的使用、教學管理模式等方面有著更高的要求。教 育工作者應秉著因材施教、實事求是的精神遵循語言學習的認知規(guī)律使高級英語課程改革沿著科學化、理性化、系統(tǒng)化、現代化的方向不斷深入和發(fā)展。

第四篇：自考英語專業(yè)高級英語教案 上冊

高級英語教案

Lesson One

Rock Superstars : What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ?

1.Rock Superstars 搖滾樂超級明星 rock : rock music , rock ' n ' roll(or : rock and roll)搖滾樂 早期的搖滾樂是源于美國的民歌(folk)爵士樂(jazz)勃魯斯歌曲(blues)等的一種音樂,其特征是具 有強烈的節(jié)奏(rhythm)單純的旋律(melody)一再重復的歌詞和音符的后拍音(after beat)2.Rock is the music of teenage rebellion.搖滾樂是青少年的反叛音樂 a.teenage adj.pertaining to a teenager(13 至 19 歲的)青少年的.其名詞形式為teenager:(13至19歲的青少年).b.rebellion : resistance to or defiance of any authority 造反,反派.如;a rebellion against old traditions 對舊傳統(tǒng)的反叛.3.By a man ' s heroes ye shall know him.你將從一個人崇拜的英雄得知其人.a.這句句子的句型與英語中常說的 judge a man by the company he keeps(以一個人所交的朋友斷定其為人)很相似.b.ye = you 用于古英語或詩歌中,是第二人稱代詞thou的復數.如: Ye are the salt of the earth.你們是社會的中堅.(出自<<圣經>>)

4.'' Midnight Rambler '' : ramble : walk for pleasure漫游,既可表動詞,也可作名詞.如;They rambled through the woods.他們在林中漫步.5....he said , '' grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform , sprinkling its contents over the first rows of sweltering listeners...'' a.grab : to seize suddenly , eagerly , or roughly;snstch 急抓,奪取.如: He jumped up from the table , grabbed his hat and ran out of the door.他從桌子旁跳了起來,抓起自己的帽子,奔出門去.另外,grab后面可以跟其他名詞或名詞短語.如: grab a shower快速沖了澡, grab a sandwich,胡亂吃了一個三明治, grab a taxi 趕搭出租車.有時,還可以作不及物動詞.如: He grabbed at the opportunity of going abroad.他設法抓住這次出國的機會 b.sprinkle : to scatter drops or particles of water , powder or the like on 灑液體,撒粉末等(于......上).如: They sprinkled ashes on the icy sidewalk.他們在積水溜滑的人行道上撒了灰.We sprinkle the lawn every day.我們每天給草坪灑水.以'' sprinkling ''引導的短語是動詞的 ''ing ''形式作前置修飾語, '' screaming fans '' 意為“尖聲大叫的歌迷” c.crunch : to proceed with a crushing noise嘎吱嘎吱地往前.如: The children crunched through the snow.孩子們嘎吱嘎吱地踩著雪走.8.I ought to be crawling on my knees.a.crawled : to move with the face downward and the boye close to the ground爬行.如;The bus crawled along.公共汽車緩慢地行進.注意:短語 crawl into the favor of one's superiors表示“卑躬屈膝地討好上司”.b.on one's knees : 雙膝跪地.9.How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ? a.feel about : consider , think of 覺得,感到.經常用于疑問句中, 如: How do you feel about the suggestion ?你認為這個建議怎么樣? b.adulation 是adulate的名詞形式.adulate : flatter or admire excessively過分贊賞,奉承,恭維.如: One can hardly understand why young people so adulate film stars.年輕人為什么如此過分贊賞影星,真讓人費解.10.Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies ? a.draw : atteact 吸引.如: Some mutual interests draw us together.一些共同的興趣把我們吸引到一塊了.b.somehow : in some way not specified or known 不知什么緣故.如: Somehow I don't like this novel though it is so popular.這本小說雖然很流行,但不知什么原因我卻不喜歡它.c.fantasy : imagination , esp.when it is let free and not held back(自由奔放的)想象,幻想,狂想.wildest fantasies ,最為狂妄的奇想.11.These aren't idle questions.idle : of no real worth or purpose 無聊的.如: idle rumor無聊的謊言.12.Horwitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum , a place where ideas clash and crash.a.see...as...: consider...as...把......看作......b.forum : a meeting place of discussion of matters of public interest論壇.c.a place 是a sort of debating forum的同位語,后面由 where引導的句子是定語從句,修飾 a place.'' ideas chash and crash ''意為“各種思想沖撞”.13.'' The redefinition , '' Horowitz says '' is a task uniquely performed by the young...'' '' uniquely performed by the young '' 是過去分詞短語,用于修飾前面的''a task''.14.It is they alone who combine invention and exaggeration ,...a.it is..who(that)是強調句式.b.alone :(after a noun or pronoun)only(在名詞或代詞后面)僅,只.His name alone was enough to draw a large audience.僅僅他的名字就足以吸引一大批觀眾.15.'' Rock music ,'' he says '' is really a sociological expression rather than a musical force.'' rather than : instead of 而不是(肯定前者,否定后者.)比如: He is a poet rather than a novelist.與其說他是小說家,不如說他是詩人.這里介紹另一個短語or rather,意為 more exactly更為確切地說“.如: late last night , or rather early this morning昨天深夜,更為確切地說,是今天清晨.16.It's just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s.a.句中的it有 the reason的意思, that = be cause.b.embody : give a definite form to具體體現 如: The statue embodies the sentiment of the sculptor.這尊塑像表現了雕像家的感情.The latest model of the lorry embodies many improvements.卡車的最新式樣體現了許多改進的地方.17.TV network banned him.a.network : a group of radio or television stations linked by wire or microwaves(廣播,電視)廣播網 b.ban : prohibit , forbid 禁止.如: Students are banned from reading dirty books.禁止學生閱讀色情書刊.18.Most of the older viewers frowned , while most of the younger viewers applauded.a.frown: to wrinkle the forehead , such as when one is displeased or in deep thought皺眉.如:聽到我說錯了答案,他便皺起了眉頭.短語frown on(upon)表示”不贊同“.如: He frowned upon my plan.他不贊同我的計劃.b.applaud : to clap the hands together in approval or appreciation鼓掌喝彩;稱贊.如: The audience applauded wildly.觀眾熱烈鼓掌.c.連接詞while在這里表示對照, 再如: I like books while my brother loves sports.我喜歡書,而我的兄弟則熱衷于體育.19.The Rolling Stones , arrogant street-fighting men , demanded revolution.arrogant : acting as if one were more important than others傲慢的;妄自尊大的.如;He was just too arrogant to his subordinates.他對他的部下太傲慢了.20.Feelings , always a part of any musical statement , were a major subject.這里always a part of any musical statement 是feelings的同位語.21.The Beatles showed there were a range of emotions between love and hate.range : a number of different things of the same general sort or type(變動的,可供選擇的)范圍;幅度.如: a range of colors to choose from可以選擇的一系列顏色;a range of prices from 5 yuan to 50 yuan 從5元到50元不等的各種價格.22.This country element , Horowitz feels , helped its audience express an urge to '' get away from it all , ''...urge : an instincitve drive.沖動.如: I felt an urge to further my studies in Europe.我有一種去歐洲深造的沖動.23....these rock musicians mirror feelings...mirror : reflect 反映.如: The election result reflects their opinions.選舉結果反映了他們的觀點.24....where it's heading ? head(for): move toward(朝某一方向)前進.如: They were heading for the deep jungle for hunting.他們去叢林深處打獵.Lesson Two Four Choices for Young People

1.Jim Binns...wrote me about some of his misgivings.misgiving:worry,concern(常用復數)(對未來之事)疑慮不安,懷疑.如: I like your scheme in principle;my only misgiving is that it may require too large a sum of money.我原則上喜歡你的計劃,唯一擔心的是花銷可能太大.2...our generation views the adult world with great skepticism...skepticism:doubt,suspicion懷疑(態(tài)度);懷疑主義 be skeptical about:對......持懷疑太度;不相信.如: He is skeptical about everything.他對一切事物都抱懷疑態(tài)度.with a skeptical expression帶著懷疑的表情。

3.Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries.contemprary adj.同時代的，當代；n.同時代的人。如： our contemporaries和我們同時代的人 同義詞：peer 同等的人，同輩。如：without a peer 無匹敵的

4.The people responsible are, presumably, the adults who...a.responsible:1)(放在名詞后面)應負責任的.如:I hold you responsible for the safety of her family.我就把她家的安全交給你了。2）（放在名詞前面）（工作、地為等）責任重的，有責任的。如：a responsible position 要職。3)(人）可靠的，可信賴的，如：a responsible person有責任心的人。b.presumably:perhpas大概，推測起來，可能。

5.These conclusions strike me as reasonable,...strike sb.+adj.（or n.):使......感覺（是）。如： At first the idea struck me as stupid.起初,這個主意讓我覺得很愚蠢.He strikes me as an houest man.他讓我覺得是個誠實的人.6.The relevant question for the arriving generation is not whether our society is imperfect(we can take that for granted),but...a.relevant:有關的。如：relevant information 有關信息.若作表語,后面通常跟由介詞to 引導的短語.如;The judge ruled that the evidence was not relevant to the case.法官認定證據與本案無關。b.imperfect : 不完美，由perfect（完美）加否定前綴im-構成。另如：pemissible-impermissible , possible-impossible , proper-improper , pureimpure, mobile-immobile , mortal-immortal.c.take for granted : 視......為當然。如: You should not take his help for granted.你不應該認為他的幫忙是當然的事。

7.For all is harshness and irrationality , it is the only world we've got.a.for all...盡管。如：For all his learning , he is not wise.他盡管滿腹經綸，處世并不聰明。For all his efforts , he didn't succeed.他還是個正派的人。b.harsh : 殘酷的；無情的；刻薄的。如：She was very harsh with her servant.她對用人非常刻薄。We have to face harsh realities.我們得面對殘酷的現實。c.rational : 有理性的，通情達理的。如：Man is a rational thing.人是有理性的動物。Do you consider it a rational explanation ? 你覺得這種解釋合理嗎？ irrational : 不理智，ir-為否定前綴。另如：irreducible , irrregular , irreparble , irreversible.8.Choosing a strategy to cope with it , then , is...a.strategy : 戰(zhàn)略，與之相對的是tactics(戰(zhàn)術)b.cope with : to struggle or contend , esp.with some degree of success 應付，處理。如：They proposed several possibilities for coping with the crisis.他們提出了對付危機的幾種可能方案。He is unable to cope with the duties of her new position.他不能應付新崗位的職責。9.So far as I have been able to discover , there are four basic alternatives.a.so far as : =as far as , to the extent that 就......而言，從......來看。如：His conduct , so far as I can see , is unjustifiable.就我看來，他憑一已之力將不可能完成這樣巨大的項目。b.alternative : one of more than two possibilities 數種可能之一，可代替的。如：There are alternative answer to this question.這個問題有幾種可能的答案。An alternative plan is to apply for a loan.另一種可能的方案就是申請貸款。

10.Drop Out drop out : to withdraw from 退出。如：He has decided to drop out of politics.他已經決定退出政壇。Seven students dropped out of university last year.去年有七個學生從大學里退了學。

11.This is one of the oldest expedient ,...=expedient : a temporary means to an end 權宜之計 如：resort to an expedient 采取權宜之計

12.In one way or another , its practitioners batten on the society which...a.(in)one way or another : 以這樣或那樣的方式；在某方面。如：The project must be completed by the end of this month(in)one way or another.不管用什么方式，這個項目必須在這個月底結束。b.batten on : thrive , or prosper , or live in luxury(on)(esp.at the expoense of others)(靠他人犧牲而）興旺，過奢侈的生活，（損人）肥飽私囊

13.Some of us find this distasteful-an undignified kind of life.distasteful : disagreeable;unpleasant 討厭的，令人不愉快的。如：Jazz is distasteful to me.我討厭爵士樂。（爵士樂不合我的口味）

14.But for the poor in spirit , with low levels of both energy and pride , it may be the least intolerable choice available.avaible : ready for use;readily obtainable a.（立即）可利用的；可得到的。如：employ all means available 采用一切可能的方法。The dress is available in all sizes.這種款式的服裝大小尺寸都有。b.（人）有空的。如：I'll be available tomorrow morning.我明天早上有空。

15.This strategy has ancient antecedents.antecedent : preceding thing or circumstance , esp.(pl.)past history of a person 前事，前情；（復數）身世，經歷，人的過去歷史。如;a woman of shady antecedent 一個來歷可疑的女人

16....that is , the city , with all its ugliness and tension.tension : mental strain 緊張。如：under extreme tension 處于極度緊張/（復數-s）緊張（狀態(tài)）。如：the tension between labor and mangement 勞資間關系的緊張

17.The trouble with the solution is that it no longer is on a large scale.on a large scale : 大規(guī)模。另如：on a tremendous scale 極大的規(guī)模。The project was undertaken on a grand scale.這個項目規(guī)模很大。The reform is carried out on an enormous scale.改革的幅度極大。

18.Out planet , unfortunately , is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes.run out of : become short of , become exhausted 用完。如;We ran out of petrol the other day.那一天我們汽油用光了。We are running out of time.我們已經沒有時間了。

19.Plot a Revolution plot : plan secretly 密謀。如：They plotted how to kill him.他們密謀如何殺死他。The criminals were plotting to rob the bank.犯罪密謀搶銀行。

20....those who have no patience with the tedious workings of the democratic process and who believe that the institytion can only be changed by force.a.tedious : long and tiresome 冗長乏味的。如：a tedious lecture 冗長的演講；tedious work 乏味的工作 b.working(s): action , operation 工作，運作。如：the workings of the mind , the workings of the nature 自然的運作

21.To them it offers a romantic appeal , usually symbolized by some dashing and charismatic figure.a.a romantic appeal : appeal n.: the power to attract the mind or emotions 吸引力。如：Such life has no appeal for me.這種生活對我沒有吸引力。That sort of music has lost its appeal for me.這種音樂已經失去了對我的吸引力。v.appeal to : 吸引。如：Does the menu appeal to me? 菜單吸引我了嗎？ The novel appeals to women.這本小說吸引女性讀者。b.dashing : vigorously lovely;brilliant or showy 精力充沛的；華麗的 c.charismatic 名詞形式為charisma（使大眾信服的）領袖魅力

22.Let's smash it and build something better on the ruins.on the ruins : the remains of destroyed or decaying or town 廢墟，遺跡，殘骸。如：the ruins of a castle 一座城堡的廢墟

23.These are the ones whose revolution did not come off ,...come off : happen , occur 發(fā)生。如：The invasion came off last week.入侵是上星期發(fā)生的。To be effective or successful 生效，成功。如：She didn't come off well in the interview.她的面試不很成功。

24.I am not , of course , suggesting that revolutions accomplish nothing.accomplish : bring to a successful conclusion;achievement 完成。如：accomplish something / a great deal / miracles 實現某種目標/取得很大成就/實現奇跡 accomplish : skilled , expert 熟練的，內行的。如：an accomplish golf player 技術精湛的高爾夫運動員 accomplishment(s)修養(yǎng)，才藝。如： a woman of many accomplishment 多才多藝的女人

25.For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of , cleansed of all human meanness.cleanse : make clean 清洗。如：She cleansed the wound with alcohol.她用酒精清洗傷口。cleanse sin from the soul = cleanse the soul of sin 清洗靈魂的罪惡

26.At first glance , this course is far from inviting.inviting : temptingly attractive 誘人的。如：an inviting smile 迷人的微笑/an inviting dish 誘人的菜肴

27.It depends on the exasperting and uncertain instruments of persuasion...exasperate : annoy extremely 令人怒不可遏 如：Constant interruptions exasperate me.不斷的中斷讓我怒火中燒。

28.It demands patience , always in short supply.(be)in short supply : 供應不足，短缺。如：Food is in short supply.食物供應不足。Honesty is in short supply.缺乏誠實（的人）。

29....as soon as you capture one mountain range , another one looms just ahead.loom : come into view in indistint and enlarged form 忽隱忽現。如：The iceberg loomed out of the mist.冰山在迷霧中忽隱忽現。Dangers are looming ahead.危險陰森森地逼近。

30....of coping with war in unfamiliar guises.guise : a false or assumed appearance or disguise 外貌，偽裝。如：an old idea in a new guise 老觀念新面貌（新瓶裝舊酒）in the guise of 打扮成......的樣子。如：the king in the guise of a beggar 裝扮成乞丐的國王 under the guise of 以......為借口。如：under the guise of friendship 以友誼為幌子 31.It dawned on us rather suddenly that...dawn on : begin to be known, or realized 常用先行詞it , 表示”明白過來“。如：It has slowly dawned upon me that he will not lend a helping hand to us when we are in trouble.我慢慢明白，當我們碰到麻煩的時候，他是不會伸出援手的。

Lesson Three

1.startle: to disturb suddenly as surprise 驚嚇.如: starling news/s startling discovery(disturbing,frightening)令人震驚的新聞/發(fā)現 He startled us when he slammmed the door so loudly.他砰的一聲把門關上,讓我們大吃一驚.The noise startled me out of my sleep.喧嘩之聲把我從夢中驚醒.2.a.motion : to make a motion or gesture, as with the hand(用手等)作示意.如: He motioned me to sit down.他向我作了個手勢,讓我坐下.b.look over : examine , esp.briefly 檢查.如: I will look over your paper soon.我會很快看一下你的論文.We looked over several new models before deciding.我們看過了幾種新的模型之后才做了決定.He asked my age, height, weihgt and marriage status, and then looked me over.他詢問了我的年 齡，身高，體重和婚姻狀況，然后打量了一番。

3.eye sb.up and down 上下仔細打量。如： They eyed the stanger up and down.他們對那陌生人仔細上下打量了一番。4.be up to sb.to do sth.: be one's responsbility to do sth.由......負責做......。如： It's up to you to break the news to him.應該由你向他透露這條消息。It's up to them to make the change.應該由他們作這個變化。

5.in profusion : a great amount quantity(of something)充足。如;a great profusion of colors = colors in rich profusion 五顏六色 profuse : adj.generous , lavish 豐富。如： The critics were profuse in their praise of the new novel.批評家慷慨地贊揚了那部小說。He was profuse in his thanks for the help.他盛情感激他的幫助。Be profuse with one's money 花錢大手大腳。

6.a sore throat:喉嚨痛，sore;physically painful or sensitive, such as a wound or diseased part 疼痛 如： I'm sore all over from the heavy work I did yesterday.昨天干了一天重活，全身上下都痛了。

7.in my best professional manner : 以我最好的職業(yè)方式;manner : a way of doing things 做事情的方式。manner : courtesy 禮貌。如： good manner 有禮貌。It's bad manner to spaek with your mouth full.嘴巴里滿滿的對人說話是不禮貌的。

8.coax : attempt to influence by gentle persuasion 哄騙。如： He tried to coax the secret from me.他試圖哄騙我說出秘方。

9.on the chance : counting on the slight possibility 懷著希望，也許可能。on the off chance :抱著微弱的希望.如;She applied on the off chance.她抱著微弱的希望作了申請.He offered the information on the chance that it might prove useful.他提供了信息,指望能有所幫 助.10.admonish : to warn or caution gently , to report mildly 訓誡.如;admonish sb.against sth.勸戒......提防......: The teacher admonshed us against being late.(= us not to be late.)老師訓教我們不要遲到.He admonished him of the need for sincerity.他警告我為人必須真誠.11.a.savage: mercilessly cruel, uncivillzeed, wild 野蠻的.如: a savage attack on 野蠻攻擊;a savage lion 野蠻的獅子 : savage manners 野蠻的態(tài)度 savage scenery 殘酷的場面.12.a.ensue : follow as a consequence 跟隨,緊跟.如: After the heavy rains , floods ensued.大雨之后緊跟著發(fā)了洪水.during the ensuing months / in the enusing year 隨后的幾個月/年;the war and the ensuing disorder 戰(zhàn)爭以及隨后緊跟著的混亂.b.abject : humiliating and wretched;contemptible and despicable 可憐,可鄙的.如: an abject apology 低聲下氣的道歉.a.crushed : subdued 壓服.13.a.agony : extreme and prolonged suffering 極大的痛苦.如: in agony 處于痛苦之中;pile up the agony 苦上加苦;in an agony of joy 悲喜交加.b.apprehension;uneasiness and fear 恐懼,擔心.如: feel(show)apprehensions for the safety(failure)對安全(失敗)感到(顯得)很擔心.14.let go of 松開,放開.如: He let go of the rope.他放開了繩子.15.clench : close tightly 緊緊抓住.如: He clenched the cigar in his teeth.他用牙齒緊緊夾住香煙.He clenched his fists in frustrations.他沮喪地緊握拳頭.with clenched teeth 咬緊牙關.16.a.desist : to cease , such as from some action 停止.如;The company was forced to desist from false advertising.公司被迫停止虛假廣告.They desisted from evil ways.他們停止為非作歹.b.” should + 不定式完成體“ 在這里所表示的是一種非真實情況,表達了作者一種遺憾的感情色 彩.在如: I should have come earlier.我本該早點來.He should have taken my advice.他本應接受我的建議.17.a.neglect=negligence 疏忽 neglect : pay no attention or too little attention to 不(夠)重視,注意.如;You shouldn't neglect your health.你不應該忽視自己的健康.Benign neglect 善意的疏忽;total neglect 完全疏忽;parental neglect 養(yǎng)子不教.b.case : the actual state of things 情況.如;If that's the case , you'd better give it up.如果情況確實如此, 你最好放棄.18.go at assault;begin or proceed vigorously 攻擊,開始,進發(fā).如;The tow cocks are going at each other.兩個公雞互相爭斗.The students tend to go at their studies before the examination.學生一般會在考試前才開始學習.19.beyond reason 沒有理由.beyond : outside the limits of...超出......范圍.如: beyond human power 超出人力所能為;beyond human endurance 讓人無法忍受;beyond description 難以形容.20.overpower : 1)overcome(someone or something)by superior force 壓倒,制服 2)affect or impress deeply or powerfully 使......無法忍受.be overpowered by heat(grief)炎熱(悲痛)難忍.Lesson Four

1.dodge : avoid , evade or elude 逃避.如;He was accused of dodging his taxes.他被指控逃稅.You shouldn't dodge your responsibilities.你不能回避責認.move aside suddenly突然閃開.如: I dodged out of the way when he threw a chair at me.他將椅子向我扔來的時候,我急忙閃開.2.condemn: express an unfavorable judgement or opinion of 譴責.如: We condemned empty talk instead of hard work.我們譴責只說空話不務實的行為.3.to come to light : to be discovered or revealed 暴露.如;On investigation some new facts came to light.一經調查,一些新的事實就被暴露了.It has now come to light that he was financially backed by some interest group.人們剛剛得知,他受到了某個利益集團的經濟支持.4.languish : 1)become feeble;droop;lose liveliness or the will to do things凋萎,有氣無力.如;languish from the heat /in prison/ in his dull job 由于天氣炎熱/坐牢/工作乏味而萎靡不振.2)suffer from a feeling of longing 苦思.如;languish for some kind words/her love 苦苦期盼一些安慰的話語/她的愛.5.moral : the moral teaching or practical lesson continued in a fable , tale , experience,etc.寓意.如;There is a moral to the story.這個故事有個寓意.6.bizarre : unusual in appearance, style , or characters 外貌,風格或性格怪異.如;a bizarre coincidence一次奇怪的巧合;his bizrre behavior 他怪異的行為.7.at her own request 根據她本人的要求.另如: He wrote this book at the request of his...他根據......的要求寫了那本書.8.vote on : 就......進行表決.如: Let's vote on this issue , since we can't agree.既然我們不能達成一致意見,就來投票表決吧.9.inprivate : not publicly , secretly 私下.如: Such a thing is best discussed in private.這種事情最好私下討論.He can be very rube in private, though he is usually polite in public.他私下可能很粗魯,但在大眾 面前通常彬彬有禮.10.taboo adj.忌諱的,禁止的.如: This topic is taboo on the campus.校園里忌諱討論這個話題.11.A.prolong : cause sth.to continue longer 延長.如: I have to prolong my stay here for another three days.我必須繼續(xù)在這里呆三天時間.You should not have prolonged the ceremony.你本不該延長儀式的時間.B.throes : agony 痛苦.如;in death throes 處于臨終痛苦.12.hold out : continue to last 堅持,挺住.如: Can you hold out much longer ? 你能再堅持一段時間嗎? 13.administer to apple as a remedy 施用.如: administer laws 執(zhí)行法律.The doctor administered some me medicine to the girl.醫(yī)生給女孩施用了一些藥.14.comply with : act in accordance with wishes , requirements or conditions 遵守(意愿,要求或條 件等).如;You ought to comply with the rules /the demands/ the law/ the requests.你應該遵守規(guī)章/命令/法律/要求.15.pose danger 造成危險.pose : cause sth.to exist 導致產生.另如: pose problems 引起問題.16.by contrast 相比之下.By contrast , his brother is quite easygoing.相比之下,他的兄弟比較好相處.17.usher in : herald 預報,宣告.如;usher in a new age of prosperity 宣告新的繁榮時期的到來.The rising sun ushered in a new day.太陽的升起宣告新的一天開始了.The cuckoo ushered in Spring.布谷鳥宣布春天到來.Lesson Five

1.I'd rather...than : prefer...to....如: I'd rather deal with a simple man than a sophisticated man.我寧愿與純樸的人打交道,不愿與世故的人交往.I had rather never have been born than see this day of humiliation.我寧愿自己未曾出生,也不愿遭受今天的恥辱.I would(had)rather...但愿(+that 從句中用過去式).如: I would rather he didn't tell her about it.我真希望他不告訴她這件事.I had rather you did it alone.但愿你一人做.2.handicap : 1)any disadvantage that makes success more difficult.不利的因素.如: Bad health is a handicap.身體不好是不利因素.His lack of English is a great handicap to him.他不懂英語對他是一大缺陷.2)a physical or mental disability 殘疾.如: Blindness is a great handicap.眼瞎是一大殘疾.3.at once at the same time;simultaneously 同時.如: It's hard for one to do two things at once.人很難同時做兩件事.4.eliminate : get rid of;remove 消除.如: to eliminate poverty 根除貧窮;eliminate the prejudice 消除偏見.5.brainwash 洗腦.如: Don't let television commercials brainwash you into buying anything you actually don't need.別讓電視廣告引誘你購買自己實際不需要的東西.6.invariably : always 常常,總是.如: It's invariably wet when they take their holidays.他們度假時總是下雨.His intuition is invariably correct.他的直覺總是對的.7.campaign : a connect set of actions to obtain a particular result in politics or business(社會,政治,選舉)運動;游說,宣傳活動.如: an election campaign 選舉活動;an advertising campaign 廣告宣傳;a compaign to combat crime 防止犯罪運動.8.stereotype : a conventional , oversimplified conception 陳腔濫調;陳規(guī),老套,固定的現象.如: He fits the stereotype of a 'scholar'.他是典型的''學者''.The idea is an old-fashioned stereotype.這觀點是老一套了.9.predominate : be superior in numbers , etc.占多數的.如: Greens predominated in the picture.綠色植物是畫中最醒目的.presominate over 勝過.10.mold: work into a requied shape or from 塑造.如: Statues are molded out of bronze.雕像是用青銅鑄成的.He molded his style on the best writers.他以第一流作者為榜樣塑造了自己的文體.Lesson Six

1.keep in touch with : contact 保持聯系.如;Let's keep in touch.讓我們保持聯系吧.Keep in close touch with me.與我保持密切聯系.2.(be)in for : certain to undergo 不能避免.如: The naughty boy is in for a beating.淘氣的男孩免不了要挨打.We are in for a rainy season.我們不可避免要遭遇雨季.It looks as if we're in for stormy weather.看那樣子,似乎我們一定會遇到暴風雨.3.reference : a mention , allusion 提及.如: The court made numerous references to him as a witness.法院經常傳他去做證人.4.in good spirits : 情緒很好.spirits : [plural] mood with regard to great happiness or great sadness 情緒.如: I hope you will be in better spirits when we meet again.我希望我們下次見面時你情緒會好些.He is so depressed that I wonder who could lift his spirits.他非常沮喪,我不知他能否振作起來.5.embitter: make bitter and angry 使......怨恨.如;being scolded without good reasons embittered him.讓人無端指責,他感到一腔怨氣.en-, em(在b,p前)加在名詞或形容詞上轉成動詞.另如: enable(使能夠);enamor 引起......的愛;encase 將......裝入箱中;enchant 施以魔法,使著迷.embody 具體體現;empower 授權;emotionally 使成紫色.6.agitate : to disturb or excite emotionally 使不安,使興奮.如: His fiery speech agitated the crowd.他的激情演講讓聽眾大為興奮.He was explaining the situation in an agitated manner.他興奮地說明著當時的情形.agitate oneself over...為......獨自焦慮.如: Don't agitate yourself over such a thing.不要為這種事焦慮.7.know of his whereabouts 知道他的下落.a)know of : have heard about 聽說過,知道(有......).如: Do you know of any cinema in this neighborhood ? 你知道這小區(qū)里有電影院嗎? I know of a shop where you can get things like this.我知道有一家商店,你可以買到這樣的東西.I don't know him , but I know of him.我不認識他,但知道有這個人.b)whereabouts : the place where a person or thing is 下落,去向.如: I'm still in the dark about his whereabouts.我仍然不知道他的下落.8.inch : move by small degrees 緩慢行進.如: The children inched through the traffic.孩子們在擁擠的交通中緩慢前進.I inched my way through the narrow space beeen the trucks.9.tentative : a)of the nature of an experiment 試驗性的;b)unsure , not definite , hesitant 猶豫.a tentative arrangrment 臨時安排/a tentative offer 試驗性建議 10.scoff at : mock at;jeer at : 嘲笑,嘲弄.如: You should not scoff at others' belief.你不能嘲笑別人的信仰.11.end up : reach a final state or condition 最后(有了某種結局),最后.如: If you drive so rashly , you will end up in hospital.如果你這么魯莽開車,最終會住進醫(yī)院的.He ended up tired and broke.他最后累垮了,破產了.12.associate with : keep company with 與......陪伴.如: He didn't allow his daughter to associate with anyone who smoked or drank.他不讓他女兒與任何抽煙或喝酒的人為伍.Whitman always assoisated with the working masses.惠特曼總是和工人階級在一起.Lesson Eight A Lesson in Living

1.inedible : not fit to be eaten 不可食的，不宜食用的

2.swirl :(cause to)move or flow at varying speeds , with twise and turns 渦旋而動，使打旋。如：A gust of wind swirled dust about the streets.陣風吹起灰塵彌漫大街。The snow was swirling in the air.雪花在空中盤旋。

3....that would have peeled like a plum if snagged.peel: came off in stips or flakes 剝落，脫皮。如：The wall-paper seems to be peeling off.墻紙看來要剝落了。

4.let alone : without reference to , or considering 更不必說。如;He doesn't have money for food , let alone amusements.他連吃飯的錢都沒有，更甭說娛樂了。

5.incessant : continual , often repeated : 不斷的，不停的。如：incessant chatter 喋喋不休；incessant rain 連綿不斷的雨。

6.It would be safe to say that...可以這么說......。如;It would be safe to say that you would get nowhere if you are so lazy.可以這么說，如果你這樣懶惰，你將一事無成。

7.pick her way : 慎行。另如：pick one's words 精選詞語；pick flaws 找碴；pick and steal 小偷小摸；pick and choose 挑三揀四。

8.bear in mind : remember 記住。如：Please bear in mind that we are friends.請記住，我們是朋友。9.infuse them with infuse : fill 灌輸。如：The coach infused the team with enthusiasm.教練給隊員注入了熱情。They tried to infuse them with new ideas.他試圖給他們灌輸新思路。10.My imagination boggled at the punishment I would deserve...a.boggle : to overwhelm or bewilder , as with magnitude or complexity 吃驚，受驚，心驚肉跳 b.deserve : be worthy of...值得

11.it follows that...（由......推斷）結果自然是......。如：From what he said , it follows that he didn't like the girl.從他所說的推斷，自然是他不喜歡那女孩。

12.That in those homely sayings was couched the collective wisdom of generations.a.根據上文* ”that" 可以理解為in that（即;因為）b.that 后面是倒裝句，正常語序應為：The collective...was couched in those homely sayings.c.homely : simple , unpretentious;commonly known , familiar 樸素的，不華麗的。如：a homely meal 家常便飯。d.couch : put(a thought , etc , in words)以某種措詞表達。如：They couched criticisms in factful language.他們用事實的語言表達了批評。

13.search...for the enchantment...: look through a place carefully in order to find something missing;explore or examine in order to discover 仔細尋找。一般結構為：search + place +(for)object.如：He search every drawer for the notebook.為了找筆記本，他搜遍了每個抽屜。I search my memory for his name.我努力在記憶中尋找他的名字。

14.singled...out : pick or choose(one)from others 單單挑出。如：He singled me out for special mention.他單單特別提到了我。Why single him out for criticism ? 為什么就單單批評他？

15.take to : to respond favorably to 開始喜歡，迷上。如：I took to literature long time ago.我很久以前就迷上文學。Why did you take to bowling ? 你為什么迷上保齡球?

16.trail off : become gradually weaker and fade away（聲音等）漸漸消失。如：His voice trailed off into silence.他的聲音慢慢消失，后來什么聲音也沒有了。

Lesson Nine The Trouble with Television

1.A.prominent anchorman warns of TV's adverse effect on America's culture.a.prominent : outstanding , easily seen , important , distinguished 突出的，顯著的，重要的，杰出的。如：a prominent position / writer顯赫的地位、著名作家。acquire / gain prominence 出人頭地。b.anchorman :（廣播，電視）（新聞、體育等節(jié)目的）主持人。c.adverse : unfavorable , contrary 不利的，負面的。如：adverse circumstances逆境； adverse effect負面影響； a theory adverse to the facts與事實相反的理論。developments adverse to our interests與我們的利益相反的發(fā)展。adversary :（競爭中的）對手。2.if you fit the statistical averages ,......假若你處于平均數......如;on an(the)average平均起來，一般來說： On(an)the average , I finish reading a book three weeks.一般而言，我平均三星期讀完一本書。He smoked about ten cigarettas a day on an average.他平均一天抽十根香煙。

3.(be)exposed to : lay open to 使暴露于......如：Don't expose children to ill effects of the Internet.不要讓孩子受因特網的負面影響。Her youth and beauty could expose her to danger.她的年輕美貌可能為她招致危險。如;exposure : n.He threatened me with public exposure.他威脅我要把我曝光。Much exposure to different cultures is part and parcel of education.大量接觸不同文化是教育的主要組成部分。4....it discourages concentration.discourage(prevent)sb.from...使......放棄 如;The bad weather discouraged them from going out for the picnic.惡劣的天氣使他們放棄外出野炊的計劃。It is discouraging that...很掃興，......。dis 加在名詞、形容詞、動詞上，表示否定。如;ablewitted 愚鈍的 b.miraculous 奇跡般地，不可思議的。另如：work(accomplish)a miracle創(chuàng)造一個奇跡。

8.divert : turn in another direction使轉向； amuse , entertain娛樂，消遣。如：Nothing could divert his attention from his book.沒有什么能轉移他讀書的注意力。The traffic was diverted onto a side road.交通被引導到旁邊的小路。

9.lead : action of guiding or giving an example 領引,率先.如:take the lead領先;follow sb's lead效法某人;gain the lead占居首位.10.perpetual : never-ending永久的.如;perpetual chatter喋喋不休;perpetual motion 永恒運動.11.usurp : to seize and hold by force or without legal right 篡奪,霸占,強奪篡權.如:The assistant began to usurp his boss's authority.助手開始篡奪老板的權力.The duke attempted to usurp the throne.公爵試圖篡奪王位.12.surrender(oneself)to : to give(oneself)up to some influence , course , etc.沉溺于;沉迷于.如:He surrendered to despair(grief).他沉溺于絕望(悲傷).He surrendered himself to a life of pleasure.他沉迷于享樂.13.the surest way to do sth.is...做某事的最可靠的方法是......如:The surest way to succeed is to work hard.取得成功最可靠的方法是努力工作.14.to strain the attention of strain : make excessive demands upon使勁用,因過度使用而傷害.如:strain oneself竭盡全力,勞累過度.He strained his voice to be heard above the noise周圍太吵,他強拉嗓子大喊,人們才聽得見他.He strained every muscle to life the box.他用盡所有力氣舉起箱子.15.inherent in : existing as a permanent part or quality that cannot be taken out固有的,與生具有的.如:A love of peace is inherent in human nature.熱愛和平是人固有的本性.16....had bequeathed to us tables of stone commanding that...a.bequeath : hand down , pass on傳給后代;to dispose of property or money by means of will立遺囑贈與......如:I bequeath all my worldly goods to my wife.我將我所有的財產贈與我的妻子.One age bequeaths its civilization to the next.一個時代將其文明留給下一個時代.b.tablets of stone 石碑.17.package : vt.to combine or offer as a single unit 把作為整體提出或推銷.adj.一攬子.如:a package tour由旅行社代辦一切的旅行;package deal 整批交易.18.pervade : become spread throughout all parts of彌漫 如:The smell of coffee pervaded the air.咖啡的氣味彌漫在空中.Practical ideas pervaded the whole land.整個國家彌漫著實際的思想.19.it tends to make things ultimately boring and dismissable...a.ultimate : furthest or farthest最遠的.如: an ultimate destination最終目的地.decisive , conclusive決定性的.如: the ultimate authority最終權威.final , total總數.如: the ultimate cost 最終成本.b.dismiss : put aside from consideration 驅除.如:He dismissed the idea for it was just too impractical.他排除了這個觀點,因為那太不合實際了.20.a substitute for...: a person or thing serving in place of another 替代.如:Guess work is no substitute for investigation.猜測不能代替調查.A substitute was sent in when one of the star players was injured.一位主角受傷了,就派來了一位替身.substitute for :代替.如:Who will substitute for you if you are ill ? 如果你病了,誰替你?

21.(come)fall short of : to fail to reach a standard , level , etc.沒達到,趕不上.如:His income may fall short of his needs.他的收入達不到他的需求.The result fell short of our expectations.結果大失我們所望.22.wholesale : in large amounts or on a large scale 大量地,不分青紅皂白地.如:The company fired people wholesale last year.公司去年大規(guī)模裁員.wholesale批發(fā)-retail零售.Lesson Ten The Tenth Man

1.making his first entry...第一次進入.另如:make a triumpohant entry 凱旋進入;have free entry 可以自由進入.2.abrupt : subben or unexpected 突然.如:an abrupt departure 突然離開.3.sullen : showing irritation or anger by a gloomy silence 慍怒的.4.indifferent : without interest or concern 漠不關心,不在乎.如: He seems indifferent to worldly success.他似乎不在乎名利.5.draw or cast lots : to settle a question by the use of lots 抽簽.6.be bound to do sth.bound : certain , sure 肯定.如:We are bound to secceed.我們肯定會成功.7.refasten : re + fasten fasten : to attach firmly or securely in place or to something else 系牢,牢牢固定,綁住.如:Please fasten your seat belt.請系牢你的安全帶.fasten a boat to the quay 把船系于碼頭.8.may as well : used to express an opinion about a reason for doing or not doing the action of the given verb 還是做......的好;不妨.......如: If that's the case , you may as well have a try.如果情況果真如此,你不妨試試看.Now that you're here , you may as well make yourself useful.既然你在這里,你還是可以派上用場的.9.mock : fun of 嘲笑.如:His writings mocked the follies of the age.他的著作嘲笑了那個時代的愚蠢.The naught boy mocked his queer accent.淘汰的男孩嘲笑他奇怪的口音.His irresponsibilty mocked my trust in him.他的不負責任嘲弄了我對他的信任.10.nag at : be a constant source of unease or irritation to 使苦惱不己.如:The debt nagged at his conscience.債務讓他的良心痛苦不己.11.narrow : limit , or restrict 限制.如:The detectives narrowed the search to just three suspects.偵探將調查對象限制到三個嫌犯.decrease 縮小.如:The gap between the rich and the poor should be narrowed.貧富的差距應該縮小.12.consent : to permit , approve , or agree 同意,批準.如:My father didn't consent to our agreement at first.我父親最初不同意我們結婚.We consented to a temporany agreement.我們達成臨時協(xié)議.by common consent 經一致同意.13.implore : beg urgently;beseech 懇求.如: I implored your forgiveness.我懇求你寬恕我.She implored him for mercy.她懇求他寬容她.We implored him to stay on.我們懇求他再呆下去.14.sum up : 總結.如: We summed up merits and demerits of the scheme.我們總結了這個計劃的優(yōu)缺點.Could you sum up the main points of the lesson ? 你能否總結本課的要點?

Lesson Twelve Why I Write

1.outrage : v.offend greatly 觸犯，違反。如：outrage common sense 違反常識。

2.sooner or later: 遲早。如：Sooner or later, you will get yourselves deeply involved in trouble.你遲早會讓自己陷入麻煩之中。He would, sooner or later, realize the importance of… 他遲早會意識到……的重要性。

3.somewhat : in some measure or degree;to some extent.往往后跟形容詞。如：The result was somewhat surprising.結果有些讓人感到吃驚。He looked somewhat annoyed.他顯得有些不高興。4.facility : ability to perform something easily 靈巧，便利，熟練。如: He translated sth with great facility.他翻譯時駕輕就熟。He showed facility in painting.他在畫畫方面顯得很熟練。

5.narcissism :自戀，（精神分析）自我陶醉癥。Narcissus（希臘神話）（愛上自己映在水中姿影的美少年，溺死后化為水仙花。）

6.filter through : pass or slip through slowly 滲出，（光等）漏出透至。如：The new ideas are filtering into the children's minds.孩子們腦中出現了新的思想。Sunlight filtered through the window.夕陽從窗戶透進房間。Foreign influence began to filter into the country.外國的影響開始滲透進我國。

7.meticulous :taking or showing extreme care about small details.過分仔細的。如:She is meticulous in her dress.她對衣服極其在意。He is very meticulous in checking his accounts.他在查帳方面非常仔細。Our meticulous secretary never forgets anything.我們仔細的秘書從不會忘記什么。

8.arresting: attracting attention;striking.迷人的。如:a person of arresting good looks 有迷人的面貌的人。An arresting sight 一個引人注目的景象。

9.assess: evaluate 評估。如;assess the importance of …/the value of …評估……的重要性/價值;assess the situation 審時度勢。assessment n.10.discipline: train and control the mind 控制。如：You should learn to discipline yourself more.你應該學會更好地控制自己。

11.vary from…to…隨著……而變化。如：Prices of vegetables vary from season to season.蔬菜價格隨季節(jié)變化而變化。Opinions vary from individual to individual.仁者見仁，智者見智。12.strive after, for / against : to struggle hard to get or conquer 為……奮斗。如：strive for freedom / excellence 追求自由/卓越。

13.outweigh : to be more important than 比…..更重要，勝過。如：My love for my parents outweighs everything else.我對父母的愛重于一切。Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? 有利因素大于不利因素嗎？

14.guise : general outside appearance 外觀。如: an old idea in a new guise 新瓶裝舊酒。in the guise of …… 打扮。如: a thief in the guise of a salesman 打扮成推銷員的小偷。

15.reconcile my ingrained likes and dislikes with… a.reconcile : accept or be resigned to something not desired.使和解，調解;使能安于，將就接受。如: He had to reconcile himself to his fate.他必須接受自己的命運。reconcile work and rest 勞逸結合。He could not reconcile himself to such a low position.他不能安于這樣低的地位。reconcile one's ideal with reality 使理想與實際一致。b.ingrained 根深蒂固的。如: ingrained morality 根深蒂固的德行。

Lesson Thirteen Work

1.exceedingly irksome a.exceeding :extraordinary or exceptional exceedingly :extremely 極其。b.irksome irk : to annoy , esp.in a provoking or tedious way 令人討厭。如: It irks ane to do such tedious work.做這樣無聊的工作讓我相一致感到厭煩。irksome;tending to irk 令人厭倦的，厭煩的。－some.加在名詞、動詞或形容詞上構成形容詞。另如: lonesome 孤獨的，冷落的;guarrelsome 受吵架的;troublesome 麻煩的;wearisome 使人疲勞的，令人厭煩的。

2.an excess of work… excess : more than or above what is necessary 超過部分，過多。如: You should pay for the excess.你應該支付超過部分。Excess of sorrow laughs , excess of joy weeps.悲極而笑，喜極而泣。an excess of anger / an excess of enthasiasm 極其憤怒/熱情。carry something to excess 把事情做得過火。in excess of 超過。如: He spent in excess of his income.他過度奢侈，入不敷出。

3.provided(that):conj.if and only if;on condition that.如果，只要。如: Provided(that)there is no opposition, we shall proceed to carry out the plan.如果沒有反對，我們就開始執(zhí)行計劃。Provided you pay him he will take the work.如果你給他錢，他會干那活。

4.mere relief of tedium relief: feeling of comfort at the ending of anxiety, fear or pain 放松。如:What a relief!心里多么放松??！relief of pain /anxiety 緩解痛楚/緊張。5.at a loss: bewildered or uncertain 不知所措。如: For a moment I was at a loss.有一陣子我不知所措。He was at a loss for an explanation of the affair.他不知道該如何解釋那件事。We are at a loss to understand his motive.我們對于他的動機一點也不能理解。

6.drudgery :苦工 drudge :a person who does menial, dull or hard work.勤苦地做單調乏味的苦工的人。7.sensation(s): widespread excitement or interest.轟動。

8.first and foremost: 首先，最主要的。如:Though he has written many books, he's first and foremost a poet.盡管他寫過幾本書，他首先是個詩人。First and foremost , we must have freedom.最重要的是同我們必須有自由。

9.impair : to make worse;damage 損害。如:His reputation was impaired by his mistakes.他的聲譽受到他的錯誤的損害。His excessive work impaired his health.他過度的工作損害了他的健康。

10.procure :obtain sth.by careful attention or effort 獲得。如: He procured me employment.他為我謀得一份工作。

11.at large(放在名詞后面):as a whole 整個的，一般的。如: Boys at large like sports.男孩一般喜愛運動。the public at large 社會大眾。

12.in the long run : in the end.從長遠來說，最后。如: lu the long run , you have to pay the price for your follies.你最終要為你的愚蠢付出代價。You will benefit in the long run.你最終會受益。

13.has acquired his maximum skill maximum :(being)the highest amount, value, or degree that can be reached 最大限度。如: My maximum is 240.我最高記錄是240分。He smokes a maximum of 30 cigarettes a day.他最多一天抽30根香煙。My salary is not at its maximum yet.我的工資還未到最高水平。It requires your maximum effort.這件事要求你做出最大努力。maximize :最大化。如: maximize one's potential / profits 最大限度發(fā)揮潛力/獲得利益。反義詞: minimum 最少。如：It requires a minimum of five day's work.這最少需要五天工作。a minimum of temperature / wage / height 最低氣溫/工資/身高。minimize the consequences / the risks./ the formalities 將后果/風險/手續(xù)減到最少。14.at any rate :in any event;in any case 不管怎樣。如：I will leave him alone at any rate.無論如何，我不會理他。15.apt :likely , having a tendency 常會，容易（有某種傾向）。如：A careless person is apt to make mistakes.粗心的人容易犯錯誤。

Lesson Fourteen I would Like to Tell You Something

1.testify to : give or provide evidence about something 證明。I'll testify to his exceptional ability.How can you testify to the reliability of the wit ness? vt.His words testify his reluctance to help me.His tears testificd his grief.vi.state or declare under oath, usually in court 作證。n.testimony : bear(be)testimony of 表明。Winning the scholarship is testimony of intelligence.2.be tantamount to: adj.equivalent in effect or meaning（實質上）等于，相當于。如：His answer is tantamount to a refusal.3.rampant : growing or spreading steadily and without stopping;widespread;a rampant rumor(disease)4.take…lying down 甘心接受（不愉快情況）。如: He took the defeat lying down.I cannot take that insult lying down.5.not give a damn : 一點不在乎。I dow't give a damn what they say.我一點也不在乎他們說什么。6.what if…假使……又怎樣？What will happen if… What if he fails to help us? What if they should be in love?

7.in terms of : with regard to, concerning 就…….來說，從……角度。如：In terms of salary , the job is guite good.In terms of natural resources, it is one of the richest countries in the world.8.want n.:lack , absence, or need;often in the phr.for/from want of 由于缺乏。如：The plants died for/from want of water.9.spuander : spend foolishly;use up waste fully.Lesson Fifteen The Beauty Inaustry

1.substantially : to a large degree 大體上，基本上。如：Their opinions are substantially the same.His criticism is substantially correct.2.prodigious : a.extraordinary in size, amount, etc.巨大的，莫大的。prodigal a.浪費的，揮霍的，放蕩的。

3.cult of beauty 對美的崇拜

the cult of surfing 沖浪狂

the personality cult 個人崇拜 4.retrench : to reduce or diminish, esp.so as to economize 減少，節(jié)省。如：The company began to retrench its work force.5.be preoccupied with : 專注于，有心事，如：When he is preoccupied with his hobby, he is oblivious of what is going on around him.They were preoccupied with their thoughts.6.intrinsically-----inftrinsic : belonging to or being part of a thing by its value 本來具有的，固有的。如：intrinsic value 內在價值

intrinsic energy 內能。

第五篇：快樂英語--英語專業(yè)大學生主題進社區(qū)策劃

快樂英語，有你有我大學生進社區(qū)主題活動策劃書

活動目的:

1、豐富**小區(qū)幼兒園小朋友的第二課堂，激發(fā)他們的學習興趣，從而培養(yǎng)他們勇于發(fā)現問題，善于思考問題的能力；

2、為應用英語學院的學生提供社會實踐的機會，履行用知識文

化回報社會的義務，體現助人為樂的快樂，不斷完善自我；

3、我們將本著“關愛孩子，共同成長”的宗旨，通過跟孩子們的互動交流，為他們點燃學習英語的熱情。

活動對象：**小區(qū)**幼兒園

活動時間：

活動流程：

趣味記單詞：

活動一：a準備若干種顏色的卡片，拿著已經畫好的卡片進入教室，三人一組，用英文做簡單的自我介紹

b找小朋友回答問題，說出卡片的顏色，由志愿者教

他們相對應的英文單詞，以此類推

c讓小朋友自愿起來回答卡片上面的中文與英文單詞，若回

答正確就把卡片送給他們，以示獎勵

活動二：準備多張圖片，由志愿者帶領小朋友們一同出去玩。

走到圖片A處：

志愿者：oh，what is it？

小朋友：panda, dog, fox.....志愿者：為什么它們都到這里來了，我們應該把它們送到哪里呢？ 小朋友：動物園

志愿者：yes, zoo

來到圖片B處：

志愿者：what’ s this?

小朋友：pig, dog, sheep.....志愿者：我們應該把它們送到哪里去呢？

小朋友：farm

志愿者：yes,farm

(主要目的在于糾正小朋友的英語發(fā)音)

活動三：教孩子們唱最簡單的字母歌讓他們熟悉26個英文字母。備注：三組志愿者分別負責活動，當一組志愿者在臺上授課時，另外兩位可從旁協(xié)助。

簡單小游戲：

describe what you see

游戲規(guī)則：

在卡片上寫上常用單詞。然后以兩人為一小組，一個人用英語描述卡片上寫的單詞，另一個人根據其描述猜出這個單詞。限時兩分鐘。每次三個小組上來比賽，以猜對單詞最多者為贏。游戲進行三輪，每輪的第一名再進行比賽，從而產生第一二三名，并給予獎勵。

do what i say

游戲規(guī)則：準備一系列表示動作的單詞。以6人為一個小團體，每次兩個團體進行比賽。由主持人說出單詞，團體中的成員誰知道其含義的，快速站出來并做出動作。速度慢的那一對淘汰其中一個成員。在說完5個單詞后，看哪一個團體留下的成員最多為勝利的團隊。

備注：授課結束后，志愿者要與小朋友們交流，鞏固復習的知識，并增強感情。

注意事項；

1、各位志愿者應遵守紀律，聽從指揮。

2、對待小朋友應當有愛心、有耐心。

3、注意小朋友的人身安全及公共設施安全。

后期的跟蹤調研及宣傳

活動結束后，及時開展反饋調研工作。與社區(qū)家長及幼兒園園長溝通，并對此次活動做出評價，指出不足；對社區(qū)居民及幼兒園小朋友采取問卷調查等的方式來了解此次活動的影響及相關的的看法及意見，并進一步了解社區(qū)學生在英語學習需求，以便我們以后長期開展活動。