第一篇:?jiǎn)螖?shù)第三人稱動(dòng)詞用法及變化規(guī)則
單數(shù)第三人稱動(dòng)詞用法及變化規(guī)則
在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中,當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或-es。現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)如下:
一、人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數(shù)。如: He likes watching TV.他喜歡看電視。She has lunch at twelve.她十二點(diǎn)吃午餐。It looks like a cat.它看起來像只貓。
二、單個(gè)人名、地名或稱呼作主語;是第三人稱單數(shù)。如:
①Tom looks like her mother.韓梅看起來像她的母親。
②Beijing is in China.北京在中國(guó)。
③Uncle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。
三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或“this / that / the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí),是第三人稱單數(shù)。如:
①A horse is a useful animal.馬是有用的動(dòng)物。
②This book is yours.這本書是你的。
③That car is red.那輛小汽車是紅色的。
④The cat is Lucy's.這只貓是露茜的。
四、不定代詞someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代詞this, that作主語時(shí),是第三人稱單數(shù)。如:
①Everyone is here.大家到齊了。
②There is something wrong with the watch.這塊手表有毛病。
③This is a pen.這是一支鋼筆。
④That is an eraser.那是一塊橡皮擦。
五、不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)為第三人稱單數(shù)。如:
①The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。
②The bread is very small.那面包很小。
六、當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語時(shí),看作第三人稱單數(shù)。如:
①“6” is a lucky number.“6”是個(gè)吉利數(shù)字。
②“I” is a letter.“I”是個(gè)字母。
除上述規(guī)律外,還應(yīng)注意下面三點(diǎn):
1.動(dòng)詞 have,遇到主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用 has;
動(dòng)詞 be 的第三人稱單數(shù)形式是is。
2.含有動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的句子變否定句時(shí),要用
doesn't + 動(dòng)詞原形,如:
He goes to school at six in the morning.(變否定句)→ He doesn't go to school at six in the morning.3.對(duì)含有動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的句子提問時(shí),要用助
動(dòng)詞 does,如:
She goes home at five every day.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)→ When / What time does she go home every day?
動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則及發(fā)音規(guī)律
1、大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在詞尾加“S”在清輔音后發(fā)音為[s],在濁輔音及元音后發(fā)音為 [z]。
①stop-stops [s];make-makes [s] ②read-reads [z];play-plays [z]
2、以輔音字母加“y”結(jié)尾的,要先將“y”變?yōu)椤癷”,然后在加“es”讀[iz] 如:
fly-flies [z];carry-carries [z] study-studies [z];worry-worries
3、以“s, x, ch, sh”結(jié)尾的,在詞尾加“es”,發(fā)音為[iz] 如: teach-teaches [iz];watch-watches [iz]
4、以“o”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,加“es”,讀[z] 如: go-goes [z] do-does [z] 下面幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閱螖?shù)時(shí),原詞的元音部分的發(fā)音發(fā)生了較大的變化,請(qǐng)注意記憶。
1、do [du:]-does [dz]
2、say [sei]-says [sez]
以不發(fā)音字母“e”結(jié)尾的開音節(jié)詞,如果尾音是[s],[z]時(shí),加“s”后字母“e”發(fā)音,與所加“s”
一起讀做[iz]。如: close-closes [iz] be動(dòng)詞包括:am,is,are。第三人稱單數(shù)用復(fù)數(shù)用are,過去式為were.; 過去式為 was; is
第二篇:動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)
動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)
一、動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則及發(fā)音規(guī)律
動(dòng)詞原形變第三人稱單數(shù)的規(guī)則與發(fā)音規(guī)律同名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)大致相同,請(qǐng)認(rèn)真觀察。
1、大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在詞尾加“S”在清輔音后發(fā)音為[s],在濁輔音及元音后發(fā)音為 [z]。如:
①stop-stops [s];make-makes [s] ②read-reads [z];play-plays [z]
2、以輔音字母加“y”結(jié)尾的,要先將“y”變?yōu)椤癷”,然后在加“es”讀[iz] 如: fly-flies [z]; carry-carries [z] study-studies [z];worry-worries
3、以“s, x, ch, sh”結(jié)尾的,在詞尾加“es”,發(fā)音為[iz] 如: teach-teaches [iz];watch-watches [iz]
4、以“o”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,加“es”,讀[z] 如: go-goes [z] do-does [z]
下面幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閱螖?shù)時(shí),原詞的元音部分的發(fā)音發(fā)生了較大的變化,請(qǐng)注意記憶。如:
1、do [du:]-does [dz]
2、say [sei]-says [sez]
以不發(fā)音字母“e”結(jié)尾的開音節(jié)詞,如果尾音是[s],[z]時(shí),加“s”后字母“e”發(fā)音,與所加“s”
一起讀做[iz]。如: close-closes [iz]
名詞變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則
1.一般名詞復(fù)數(shù)是在名詞后面加上“s”,如map→maps,bag→bags等;
2.以s,sh,ch,x等結(jié)尾的詞加“es”,如bus→buses,watch→watches等;
3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞,變y為i加es,如baby→babies等;以元音字母+ y結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),直接加s變復(fù)數(shù),如monkey→monkeys,holiday→holidays,storey→storeys(樓層);
4.以o 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí):
a)加s的名詞有:photo→photos,piano→pianos,radio→radios,zoo→zoos
b)加es的名詞有:
potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes
5.以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí):
a)加s的名詞有:
belief→beliefs roof→roofs
safe→safes gulf→gulfs
b)去掉f,fe 加ves的名詞有:
half→halves knife→knives
leaf→leaves wolf→wolves
wife→wives life→lives thief→thieves
第三篇:動(dòng)詞單數(shù)第三人稱變化發(fā)音規(guī)則
動(dòng)詞單數(shù)第三人稱變化發(fā)音規(guī)則
動(dòng)詞原形變第三人稱單數(shù)的規(guī)則與發(fā)音規(guī)律同名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)大致相同:
1、大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在詞尾加“S”在清輔音后發(fā)音為[s],在濁輔音及元音后發(fā)音為 [z]。如: ①清清:以清輔音結(jié)尾的加了S后,發(fā)[s],如:stop-stops [s] make-makes [s] ②濁濁:以濁輔音結(jié)尾的加了S后,發(fā)[z],如:clean-cleans [z]sing – sings[z] ③元濁:以濁輔音結(jié)尾的加了S后,發(fā)[z],如:play-plays [z] carry-carries[z]
2、以字母t結(jié)尾的發(fā)[ts]音,以字母d結(jié)尾的發(fā)[dz]。如: sit-sits[ts]suit-suits[ts]read-reads[dz]
3、以輔音字母加“y”結(jié)尾的,要先將“y”變?yōu)椤癷”,然后在加“es”讀[iz] 如: fly-flies [iz] carry-carries[iz] study-studies [iz]worry-worries [iz]
4、以“s, x, ch, sh”結(jié)尾的,在詞尾加“es”,發(fā)音為[iz] 如: teach-teaches [iz]watch-watches [iz]
5、以“o”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,加“es”,讀[z] 如: go-goes [z] do-does [z]
6、以不發(fā)音字母“e”結(jié)尾的開音節(jié)詞,如果尾音是[s],[z]時(shí),加“s”后字母“e”發(fā)音,與所加“s” 一起讀做[iz]。如: close-closes [iz]
7、下面幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閱螖?shù)時(shí),原詞的元音部分的發(fā)音發(fā)生了較大的變化,請(qǐng)注意記憶。如:
①do [du:]-does [dz] ②say [sei]-says [sez]
除上述規(guī)律外,還應(yīng)注意下面三點(diǎn):
1.動(dòng)詞 have,遇到主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用 has; 動(dòng)詞 be 的第三人稱單數(shù)形式是is。
2.含有動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的句子變否定句時(shí),要用 doesn't + 動(dòng)詞原形,如:
He goes to school at six in the morning.(變否定句)→ He doesn't go to school at six in the morning.3.對(duì)含有動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的句子提問時(shí),要用助動(dòng)詞 does,如:
She goes home at five every day.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)→ When does she go home every day?或者: What time does she go home every day?
第四篇:動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則總結(jié)
動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則總結(jié):
(和名詞的復(fù)數(shù)區(qū)別哦?。。?/p>
1、原形動(dòng)詞詞尾+“-s” help→helps come→comes walk→walks swim→swims
2、原形動(dòng)詞詞尾“ch,sh,o,s,x”+“-es”: teach(教)→teaches wash(洗)→washes go(去)→goes kiss(吻)→kisses fix(安裝)→fixes3、1)原形動(dòng)詞詞尾為“輔音字母+y”時(shí),變“y”為“i”后加“-es” 2)若是“元音字母+y”,只加“-s” study(學(xué)習(xí))→studies try→tries fly→flies carry(搬)→carries 注意:play(玩)→plays
4、不規(guī)則變化 have→has cut→cut come→came become→became keep→kept
第五篇:動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)詞尾變化形式及讀音
動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)詞尾變化形式及讀音
動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)詞尾變化有三種形式。
(1)一般動(dòng)詞在詞尾加-s,-s在清輔音后讀/s/,在濁輔音或元音后讀/z/ds讀/dz/,ts讀/ts/。如:
help→helps/helps/,know→knows/n?uz/,get→gets/gets/,read→reads/ri?dz/
(2)以字母s,x,ch,sh或有些以o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加-es,-es讀/iz/。如:
guess→guesses/'??siz/,fix→fixes/'fiksiz/,teach→teaches/'ti?t?iz/,wash→washes/'w??iz/
注意:go→goes/??uz/,do→does/d?z/
(3)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,先變y為i,再加-es,-ies讀/iz/。如:
carry→carries/'k?riz/,fly→flies/flaiz/
注:在play→plays/pleiz/,say→says/sez/中,字母y前為元音字母,第三人稱單數(shù)形式直接在動(dòng)詞后面加-s。(4)特殊詞例外。如:
be→is,have→has
以不發(fā)音字母“e”結(jié)尾的開音節(jié)詞,如果尾音是[s],[z]時(shí),加“s”后字母“e”發(fā)音,與所加“s”,一起讀做[iz]。如:
close-closes [iz] 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式變化如下:
一般情況下,動(dòng)詞詞尾加-ed,如:
work—worked piay—played want--wanted act--acted
以不發(fā)音的-e 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞詞尾加-d,如:
live--lived move--moved decide--decided decline--declined hope--hoped judge—judged raise--raised wipe--wiped
以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,把-y變?yōu)?i 再加-ed,如:
study--studied try--tried copy--copied justify--justified cry--cried carry--carried embody--embodied empty--emptied
以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞,雙寫詞尾輔音字母,再加-ed,如: stop--stopped beg--begged fret--fretted drag--dragged
drop—dropped plan--planned dot--dotted drip--dripped
注:不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式變化規(guī)律性不強(qiáng),須多加記憶。
go – went make – made get – got buy – bought come-came fly-flew
動(dòng)詞過去式,過去分詞不規(guī)則變化
AB型
can--could
shall--should
will--would
may--might AAA型
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt
let let let
must must must put put put
set set set
shut shut shut read read read
AAB型
beat beat beaten
ABA型
become became become
run ran run come came come
ABB型
bring
brought
brought
buy
bought
bought think
thought
thought
catch
caught
caught teach
taught
taught
build
built
built lend
lent
lent
send
sent
sent spend
spent
spent
dig
dug
dug hang
hung
hung
feel
felt
felt keep
kept
kept
sleep
slept
slept sweep
swept
swept
leave
left
left smell
smelt
smelt
spill
spilt
spilt lay
laid
laid
pay
paid
paid say
said
said
sell
sold
sold tell
told
told
sit
sat
sat spit spat spat
stand
stood
stood understand
understood
understood
learn
learnt
learnt
mean
meant
meant spoil
spoilt
spoilt
win
won
won
make
made
made
find
found
found
ABC型
begin
began
begun
ring
rang
rung
sink
sank
sunk
blow
blew
blown
grow
grew
grown
throw
threw
thrown
show
showed
shown
choose
chose
chosen
freeze
froze
frozen
wake
woke
woken
eat
ate eaten
give
gave
given
ride
rode
ridden
take
took
taken
write
wrote
written
are
were
been
go
went
gone
see
saw
seen
易錯(cuò)型
show
showed
shown
fall
fell
fallen
hold
held
held
think
thought
thought
take
took
taken
get
got
got
meet
met
met
hit
hit
hit
ring
rang
rung
eat
ate
eaten
lie
lay
lain
find
found
found
buy
bought
bought
learn
learnt
learnt
shine
shone
shone have
had
had hear
heard
heard hold
held
held
drink
drank
drunk
sing
sang
sung swim
swam
swum fly
flew
flown
know
knew
known draw
drew
drawn
break
broke
broken
forget
forgot
forgotten
speak
spoke
spoken
drive
drove
driven
fall
fell
fallen
hide
hid
hidden
rise
rose
risen
mistake
mistook
mistaken
am,is
was
been
do
did
done
lie
lay
lain
wear
wore
worn
draw
drew
drawn
feel
felt
felt
help
helped
helped
thank
thanked
thanked
talk
talked
talked
forget
forgot
forgotten
mean
meant
meant
hide hid hidden
bring
brought
brought
beat
beat
beaten
lay
laid
laid
found
founded
founded
bring
brought
brought
hear
heard
heard
名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化
一般情況 加-s
1.清輔音后,讀/s/;map-maps
2.濁輔音和元音后,讀 /z/;car-cars bag-bags
以s,sh,ch, x等結(jié)尾的詞 加-es 讀 /iz/ bus-buses
watch-watches 以ce,se,ze, ge等結(jié)尾的詞 加-s 讀 /iz/ license-licenses
以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞,變y 為i 再加es,讀 /z/ baby---babies
名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化
1)child---children
foot---feet
tooth---teeth
mouse---mice
man---men
woman---women
注意:與 man 和 woman構(gòu)成的合成詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是-men 和-women。
如: an Englishman,two Englishmen.但German不是合成詞,故復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans;Bowman是姓,其復(fù)數(shù)是the Bowmans。
2)單復(fù)同形 如:
deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin
但除人民幣元、角、分外,美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:
a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters
3)集體名詞,以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn),但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)。
如: people,police,cattle 等本身就是復(fù)數(shù),不能說 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以說 a person,a policeman,a head of cattle,the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名詞,表示國(guó)民總稱時(shí),作復(fù)數(shù)用。
如: The Chinese are industries and brave.中國(guó)人民是勤勞勇敢的。
4)以s結(jié)尾,仍為單數(shù)的名詞,如:
a)maths,politics,physics等學(xué)科名詞,為不可數(shù)名詞,是單數(shù)。
b)news 是不可數(shù)名詞。
c)the United States,the United Nations 應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。
The United Nations was organized in 1945.聯(lián)合國(guó)是1945年組建起來的。
d)以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名,劇名,報(bào)紙,雜志名,也可視為單數(shù)。
“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事書。
5)表示由兩部分構(gòu)成的東西,如:glasses(眼鏡),trousers,clothes
若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目,要借助數(shù)量詞 pair(對(duì),雙); suit(套);
a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers
6)另外還有一些名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時(shí)可表示特別意思,如:goods貨物,waters 水域,fishes(各種)魚
動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞由動(dòng)詞原形加-ing 構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成方法如下:
1)一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加-ing。
go---going
stand---standing
2)以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,去掉 e,再加-ing.動(dòng)詞是閉音節(jié)的單音節(jié)詞,或是以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的多音節(jié)詞,而末尾只有一輔音字母時(shí),這個(gè)輔音字母須雙寫,然后再加 ing。
arrive-arriving
get-getting
3)少數(shù)幾個(gè)以-ie 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,須將 ie 變成 y,再加 ing.例如: die—dying
lie--lying。