第一篇：高口譯11大經(jīng)典句和部分論語翻譯

高級口譯翻譯11大經(jīng)典句

1、leave sb the choice of … or …要么…,要么… ★(選擇類經(jīng)典句)Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission。

敵人冷酷無情/鐵石心腸，我們要么頑強(qiáng)抵抗，要么屈膝投降。

The age of 30 s leaves you the choice of marriage or remaining a bachelor。年過三十，要么成婚，要么單身。

2、be the instrument of sth引來某事物的人或事★(使動類經(jīng)典句)The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have the blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them。

全國同胞都在關(guān)注我們，如果我們有幸能夠拯救他們脫離強(qiáng)加于身的暴政/把他們從強(qiáng)加于身的暴政中解救出來，那將得到他們的祝福和贊頌。他所建立的組織最終使他垮了臺。

The organization he had built up eventually became the instrument of his downfall。能夠讓你幸福，我愿意付出我的一切。

If I can be the instrument of your happiness, I will sacrifice all my belongings。

3、it was the memories of追溯到… ★(回憶類經(jīng)典句)Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations' development。

追溯到1964年東京及1988年漢城舉辦的奧運(yùn)會，可能分別被視為日韓兩國發(fā)展的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。

4、on the premise / ground/ prerequisite/ proposition/ hypothesis/presupposition that基于一個(gè)前提… ★(假設(shè)類經(jīng)典句)中國政府在宣布實(shí)行和平統(tǒng)一的方針時(shí)，是基于一個(gè)前提，即當(dāng)時(shí)的臺灣當(dāng)局堅(jiān)持世界上只有一個(gè)中國，臺灣是中國的一部分。

The Chinese proclaimed/declared to adopt/implement the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China。

Advice to investors was based on the premise that interest rates would continue to fall。對投資者的建議是以利率會繼續(xù)下跌為根據(jù)的。

5、be bound to必定…;一定… ★(意愿類經(jīng)典句)西部大開發(fā)一定能成為溝通世界各國和中國的一座橋梁，促進(jìn)中國和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展，共同繁榮。

The Great Western Development is bound to be a bridge between China and the rest world, promoting the common economic development and prosperity of China and the world at large。

Just wars are bound to triumph over wars of aggression。正義戰(zhàn)爭必然要戰(zhàn)勝侵略戰(zhàn)爭。

6、a matter of sth/doing sth與……有關(guān)的情況或問題★(描述類經(jīng)典句)Considering the following statements, made by the same man eight years apart.“Eventually, being 'poor' won't be as much a matter of living in a poor country as it will be a matter of having poor skills。” 請思考一下同一個(gè)人現(xiàn)在及八年前說的話?！罢f到底，'貧窮'與其說是生活在貧窮的國家里，還不如說是技藝不精?！?/p>

Dealing with these problems is all a matter of experience。

7、This is the similar case with/when這恰如;正如;也會★(類比類經(jīng)典句)這恰如我們雖然看不懂莫扎特樂曲的總譜，卻照樣能同它的主旋律產(chǎn)生共鳴，擊節(jié)稱贊。This is the similar case when the main melody can evoke a strong echo for us to clap our hands in admiration despite our disability to understand the score of Mozart's musical pieces。

除此以外，老百姓的服務(wù)性消費(fèi)，如教育，信息，旅游等消費(fèi)也會大量增長。Besides, this is also the case with the citizen's expenditure such as education, information, traveling。

8、be exemplified by這一點(diǎn)也證明了…;這點(diǎn)反映在以下事實(shí)：…★(舉例類經(jīng)典句)This American desire to keep the children's world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident。

如果父母在事故中喪生，人們總是晚些時(shí)候才告訴孩子們，這一點(diǎn)也證實(shí)了美國人想把兒童的世界和成人的世界隔離開的愿望。

美國人想把兒童和成人的世界劃清界限，這一愿望還反映在以下事實(shí)：如果父母在事故中喪生，人們總是設(shè)法晚點(diǎn)將消息告訴他們的子女。

The manual worker is usually quite at ease in any company.This is partly explained by the fact that people of all income groups go together to the same schools。

體力勞動者在任何場合通常都相當(dāng)自在。收入檔次不同的人上同一所學(xué)校，這個(gè)事實(shí)多少說明了這一點(diǎn)。

9、constitute…(不用于進(jìn)行式)是;認(rèn)為★(判斷類經(jīng)典句)歷史雄辯地說明，中美之間建立在平等互利基礎(chǔ)上的勞動分工是最為合理和實(shí)用的國際關(guān)系。

History has proved eloquently that the division of labor based on equality and mutual benefit between China and USA constitutes the most reasonable and practical international relationship。

My decision does not constitute a precedent。我的決定不應(yīng)視為先例。

The defeat constitutes a major set-back for our diplomacy。這一失敗是我們外交上的一次較大的挫折。

10、witness…見證… ★(發(fā)生類經(jīng)典句)a time or event witnesses sth/sb in a particular situation or doing a particular thing。經(jīng)過二十多年的快速發(fā)展，中國西部地區(qū)已奠定了一定的物質(zhì)技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)，社會保持穩(wěn)定，市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制正在逐步建立和完善，為西部經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)快速增長創(chuàng)造了有利的市場環(huán)境。The rapid development in the past 20-plus years witnesses a relatively solid foundation in terms of material wealth and technology in the western region of China。

在下一輪的會談中，我們將宣布中東地區(qū)永久停火協(xié)議，對此我抱有樂觀態(tài)度并充滿希望。

I am optimistic and hopeful that the next round of talk will witness a permanent cease-fire in the Middle East。

每一屆交易會都有來自世界各地50多國家和地區(qū)的專業(yè)地毯商參加會談。Each fair sees/witnesses carpet dealers from over fifty countries and regions around the world come to participate in its business talks。

11、Sth.(never)deserts Sb.★(否定/肯定類經(jīng)典句)When I had to speak, my confidence suddenly deserted me。輪到我要講話時(shí)，我突然失去了信心。十年的努力，換來的是形同陌路。

Despite ten years' effort, our affinity finally deserted itself。我堅(jiān)信一定通過高級口譯考試。

My yearning for passing the advanced interpretation test has never deserted me。

1.湯臣大酒店是浦東第一家五星級酒店，接待了一大批國內(nèi)外賓客。

Tomson Hotel, the first five-star hotel in the Pudong New Area, has hosted a large number of domestic and foreign guests.2.上海博物館是中國最大的博物館之一，收藏有五千多幅中國傳統(tǒng)國畫。

Shanghai Museum, one of the largest in China, has a collection of over 5,000 Chinese traditional paintings.3.上海是中國的工業(yè)中心，上海至歐洲和北美地區(qū)的出口量持續(xù)增長。

Exports from Shanghai, the nation's industrial hub, to Europe and North America are on the rise.4.上海是個(gè)充滿活力的大都市，上海市民的居住正發(fā)生著深刻的變化。

Shanghai, a vigorous cosmopolitan city, is witnessing profound changes in the housing conditions for the local residents.5.市場格局發(fā)生了重大變化，引發(fā)了新一輪國產(chǎn)彩電價(jià)格大戰(zhàn)。

A major change in the market disposition pattern has given rise to a fresh round of color TV price war among home TV manufacturers.6.香港回歸祖國，標(biāo)志著“一國兩制”構(gòu)想的巨大成功。

Hong Kong's return marks the great success of the concept of “one country, two systems.” 單句：

1.上海多年來成功地舉辦了旅游節(jié)，這對拓展旅游市場，促進(jìn)社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，發(fā)揮了十分積極的作用。

The successful holding of the tourist festivals in Shanghai over the years has played an active role in expanding the tourist market and in turn promoting the economic and social development.2.浦東辦公大樓市場繁榮，首先是因?yàn)橐恍┑貐^(qū)逐漸集中起高質(zhì)量的樓群，其次是因?yàn)檎畬?shí)施了優(yōu)惠政策，推動了房地產(chǎn)銷售和租賃的增長。

The boom in the Pudong office market is due to the concentration of high-quality buildings in certain areas and the implementation of preferential policies by the government to boost the sales and leasing of those properties.3.經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化深入發(fā)展，科學(xué)技術(shù)突飛猛進(jìn)，給亞洲的發(fā)展帶來新的機(jī)遇，也帶來新的挑戰(zhàn)。The further economic globalization and the rapid advance of science and technology have presented both new opportunities and challenges to the development of Asia.4.中國是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家，人口多，底子薄，經(jīng)濟(jì)不發(fā)達(dá)，農(nóng)村尤其不發(fā)達(dá)。

China is a developing country with a large population, a meager heritage and an underdeveloped economy, especially in the rural areas.5.二十年多來，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革不斷深化，綜合國力明顯增強(qiáng)，對外經(jīng)貿(mào)合作日益擴(kuò)大。Over the past two decades and more, China has deepened the reform of its economic system, visibly increased its overall national strength and steadily expanded its foreign economic cooperation and trade.段子：

一、據(jù)說外國人都奇怪為何中國人用電視遙控器總愛加一個(gè)遙控器套，我們自己分析估計(jì)有以下幾點(diǎn)：

1、遙控器是樣神奇而偉大的東西，所以要以敬神的態(tài)度來保護(hù)；

2、怕壞怕摔，中國人的家里總是小孩很多，小孩不看重遙控器；

3、認(rèn)為沒了遙控器就沒了電視機(jī)，中國人經(jīng)不起失去；

4、怕沾油，中國人熱愛在餐桌上按遙控器看電視。遙控器套顯示著階層的檔次，這是大多數(shù)正在小康中的家庭的標(biāo)志符號。

二、2003年的上海不再是一個(gè)懷舊的上海，在成功申辦2010年世博會之后，現(xiàn)今的上海是一個(gè)生機(jī)勃勃、直沖向前的上海。那股子浸入骨髓的懷舊情緒也自然而然地化作了中國第一個(gè)真正意義上的國際化大都市的陪襯，它止于懷舊而致力于給更多的外來者提供夢想。與之相對的北京，經(jīng)過了2001、2002年的激情燃燒、城區(qū)也擴(kuò)建到六環(huán)，此時(shí)此刻重溫所剩不多的物質(zhì)回憶自然也就在情理之中。

三、由于市場環(huán)境和市場發(fā)育的原因，中國品牌的整體實(shí)力尚不能與國外的名牌相抗衡，而LOGO正是品牌力量薄弱的表現(xiàn)之一。看到IBM的LOGO,立刻就會聯(lián)想到高價(jià)、優(yōu)質(zhì)的計(jì)算機(jī)，這主要是因?yàn)镮BM這個(gè)品牌的成功，讓IBM的LOGO具有滲透力，消費(fèi)者將更多的信息與這個(gè)LOGO聯(lián)系在了一起。中國的LOGO之弱同樣也反映了中國品牌在競爭中的某種弱勢。1.譯文：

It is said the foreign people can never understand why the Chinese people should keep their remote controller of the televisions in a sheath.We believe there are mainly three reasons.First, the remote controller is something mysterious and great asking for pious protection;secondly, it is something vulnerable.The Chinese families are characterized by their large number of children who are not so respectful towards the remote controller;thirdly, the remote controller is believed to be something inseparable with the television, and thus can not be afforded to lose.Fourthly, the remote controller can not bear the least contamination of oil while the Chinese people like to watch television when eating.The sheath for the remote controller, a symbol for the particular status in China, offers a good evidence for China on its way to the well-off country.2.譯文：

The Shanghai in 2003 is no longer a city with nothing but a good history.After it succeeded in winning the bidding for the holding of the Expo 2010, the Shanghai of today is a city full of vitality and well on its way ahead.The nostalgia(reminiscence)that used to sink in its residents has naturally become invisible here in Shanghai, now a real international city offering dreams for more and more immigrants.Comparatively, Beijing, enjoyed its prime time in the years 2001 and 2002 when its city proper was expanded until the 6th ring road.Given that, it is quite easy to understand why Beijing is rather nostalgic(reminiscent)about its prosperous past.3.譯文：

Because of the poor environment of market and the resultant underdevelopment market, the home brands can not compete with those foreign ones yet.LOGO is something taking the value of the product being advertised.The LOGO “IBM” reminds people of the expensive and high-quality computer.That is mainly because the success of “IBM” makes the consumers attribute more to the LOGO “IBM”.The plainness also reflects the poor position taken by the Chinese brands in competition.學(xué)而時(shí)習(xí)之, 不亦說乎。有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來, 不亦樂乎。

Isn?t it a pleasure to study and practice what you have learned? Isn?t it a lso great when friends visit from distant places?

巧言令色, 鮮矣仁。

Someone who is a clever speaker and maintains a ?too-smiley? face is seldom considered a humane person.詩三百, 一言以蔽之, 曰： 「思無邪」。

The 300 verses of the Book of Odes can be summed up in a single phrase: ?Don?t think in an evil way?.為政以德。

Govern with the power of virtue

子曰： 「吾十有五而志于學(xué), 三十而立, 四十而不惑, 五十而知天命, 六十而耳順, 七十而從心所欲, 不踰矩。」

Confucius said: “At fifteen my heart was set on learning;at thirty I stood firm;at forty I had no more doubts;at fifty I knew the mandate of heaven;at sixty my ear was obedient;at seventy I could follow my heart?s desire without transgressing the norm.”

溫故而知新, 可以為師矣。

Reviewing what you have learned and learning anew, you are fit to be a teacher.學(xué)而優(yōu)則仕。

A good scholar can become an official.學(xué)而不思則罔, 思而不學(xué)則殆。

To study and not think is a waste.To think and not study is dangerous.知之為知之, 不知為不知, 是知也。

What you know, you know, what you don?t know, you don?t know.This is knowledge.成事不說, 遂事不諫, 既往不咎。

Don?t bother explaining that which has already been done;don?t bother criticizing that which is already gone;don?t bother blaming that which is already past.子曰：「朝聞道, 夕死可矣 」

Confucius said: “If I can hear the Tao in the morning, in the evening I can die content.”

見賢思齊焉;見不賢而內(nèi)自省也。

When you see a good person, think of becoming like her/him.When you see someone not so good, reflect on your own weak points.”

子曰：「德不孤, 必有鄰?！?/p>

Confucius said: “If you are virtuous, you will not be lonely.You will always have friends.”

子曰：「三人行, 必有我?guī)熝桑簱衿渖普叨鴱闹? 其不善者而改之?！?/p>

Confucius said: “When three men are walking together, there is one who can be my teacher.I pick out people?s good and follow it.When I see their bad points, I correct them in myself.”

性相近也,習(xí)相遠(yuǎn)也。

People are similar by nature, but through habituation become quite different from each other.”

第二篇：2009口譯中英翻譯題部分

2012年下半年人事部翻譯考試二級口譯真題

英譯中在原文中選考了8段，并不是希拉里本人的錄音，有些地方讀得比較快，但總體的速度還可以。數(shù)字不難，倒是邏輯關(guān)系挺考驗(yàn)人的，想要在短期內(nèi)反應(yīng)出來一整段的邏輯順序并很連貫地翻好還是有點(diǎn)難度。

希拉里·克林頓創(chuàng)立全球清潔廚灶聯(lián)盟講話

Remarks on Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves at the Clinton Global Initiative Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton September 21, 2010 Sheraton Towers New York, New York 希拉里·克林頓國務(wù)卿在克林頓全球倡議年會上就創(chuàng)立全球清潔廚灶聯(lián)盟發(fā)表講話 2010年9月21日 紐約州紐約市 喜來登大酒店

Thank you all.Thank you.Thank you so much.Thank you.And it is, as always, such a personal pleasure for me to join this remarkable gathering.And I look out at this audience and there are just too many people here who deserve recognition to name all of you, so let me just express my deep appreciation to all the representatives of foreign governments as well as the leaders and advocates who are here with us and who will be sharing the stage.And of course, I do want to thank someone very special, namely my husband, for organizing this event –(applause)– and instilling it with his very special spirit of activism, innovation, and commitment that is contagious.謝謝大家，謝謝，非常感謝，謝謝。和往常一樣，我為能參加這樣一個(gè)盛會感到十分高興。環(huán)顧一下在場的與會者，你們都應(yīng)當(dāng)受到表彰，只是人數(shù)太多，恕我不在此一一提名了，因此，就讓我向所有外國政府的代表以及將上臺發(fā)言的與會領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和倡導(dǎo)人士表達(dá)深深的謝意。當(dāng)然，我要感謝一位非常特殊的人物，也就是我的丈夫，感謝他組織這項(xiàng)活動（掌聲）并在這項(xiàng)活動中注入他非常獨(dú)特的、富有感染力的積極行動、創(chuàng)新和奉獻(xiàn)的精神。

Last year at CGI, I spoke about the Obama Administration’s new strategy for international development, which has elevated development alongside diplomacy and defense as the core pillars of American foreign policy.And we are working with our partner countries to help them obtain the tools and capacity that they need to solve their own problems and contribute to solving the world’s shared problems.Our goal is to help people lift themselves, their families, and their societies out of poverty and toward a better life.And this is not development for development’s sake.This work, we believe, advances our own security, prosperity, and values.在去年的克林頓全球倡議年會上，我談到了奧巴馬政府的國際發(fā)展新戰(zhàn)略，這項(xiàng)新戰(zhàn)略將發(fā)展問題提升到與外交和防務(wù)同樣的高度，一起成為美國對外政策的核心支柱。我們與伙伴國家進(jìn)行合作，幫助他們獲取為解決各自面臨的問題所需要的手段和能力，并為解決世界性的共同問題作出貢獻(xiàn)。我們的目標(biāo)是幫助民眾以及他們的家庭和社會擺脫貧困，改善生活。而這一目標(biāo)并非為發(fā)展而發(fā)展。我們相信，這項(xiàng)工作會推進(jìn)我們自身的安全、繁榮和價(jià)值觀。

So we have focused on strategic areas where we can make the biggest impact on agricultural change that stretch from the farm to the market to the table and keep people nourished and productive, health systems that help people spend their days working rather than sick or dying, opportunities for women and girls that allow them to contribute to economic and social progress.因此，我們著重于有關(guān)戰(zhàn)略領(lǐng)域，對從農(nóng)場到市場再到飯桌的農(nóng)業(yè)變革發(fā)揮最大影響力，并保證人們的營養(yǎng)水平和生產(chǎn)能力；使醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)能夠幫助人們健康地工作，不會疾病纏身甚至死亡；創(chuàng)造機(jī)會使成年和未成年女性能為經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會進(jìn)步作出貢獻(xiàn)。

And today, I am very excited to tell you about a new initiative that will advance these and other efforts, and help put vital new tools in the hands of millions of people.今天，我非常高興地向大家宣布一項(xiàng)新的倡議，以推進(jìn)這方面的努力和其他努力，并幫助億萬人民獲得極其重要的新工具。

As we meet here in New York, women are cooking dinner for their families in homes and villages around the world.As many as 3 billion people are gathering around open fires or old and inefficient stoves in small kitchens and poorly ventilated houses.Many of the women have labored over these hearths for hours, often with their infant babies strapped to their backs, and they have spent many more hours gathering the fuel.The food they prepare is different on every continent, but the air they breathe is shockingly similar: a toxic mix of chemicals released by burning wood or other solid fuel that can reach 200 times the amount that our EPA considers safe for breathing.就在我們在紐約開會之時(shí)，世界各地的婦女正在家里和村子里為家人做飯。多達(dá)30億人生起明火，或在窄小的、通風(fēng)不良的廚房里，在老舊低效的廚灶邊忙碌。很多婦女一連幾個(gè)小時(shí)地在這樣的廚灶邊忙個(gè)不停，身上還常常背著嬰兒，而且還要花很多時(shí)間拾柴。各大洲的婦女做的飯菜各式各樣，但她們吸入的氣體卻驚人地相似：燃燒的木柴和其他固體燃料所釋放的有毒的化學(xué)混合氣體，可能高達(dá)我國環(huán)保署（EPA）空氣安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)允許含量的200倍。

As the women cook, smoke fills their lungs and the toxins begin poisoning them and their children.The results of daily exposure can be devastating: Pneumonia, the number one killer of children worldwide, chronic respiratory diseases, lung cancer, and a range of other health problems are the consequence.婦女在燒飯時(shí)，將煙塵吸入肺部，有害氣體導(dǎo)致她們和她們的孩子中毒。日復(fù)一日地吸入有毒氣體可能造成致命后果：全世界兒童的頭號殺手肺炎、慢性呼吸道疾病、肺癌以及其他各種健康問題。

The World Health Organization considers smoke from dirty stoves to be one of the five most serious health risks that face people in poor, developing countries.Nearly 2 million people die from its effects each year, more than twice the number from malaria.And because the smoke contains greenhouse gasses such as carbon dioxide and methane, as well as black carbon, it contributes to climate change.世界衛(wèi)生組織認(rèn)為，高污染廚灶產(chǎn)生的煙氣是貧窮的發(fā)展中國家人民所面臨的五種最嚴(yán)重的健康危害之一，每年造成將近200萬人死亡，超過瘧疾造成的死亡人數(shù)的兩倍。此外，由于煙氣中含有諸如二氧化碳、甲烷以及黑碳等溫室氣體，它對氣候變化也大有影響。

There are other consequences as well.In conflict zones like the Congo, the journeys that women must take to find scarce fuel put them at increased risk of violent and sexual assault.Even in safer areas, every hour spent collecting fuel is an hour not spent in school or tending crops or running a business.還有其他一些后果。在像剛果這樣的沖突地區(qū)，婦女為尋找稀少的燒柴必須長途跋涉，致使她們受到暴力和性侵犯的危險(xiǎn)更大。即使在比較安全的地方，她們?yōu)槭安穸嗷ㄒ粋€(gè)小時(shí)，就意味著在學(xué)校、田間或做生意上少花一個(gè)小時(shí)。

People have cooked over open fires and dirty stoves for all of human history, but the simple fact is they are slowly killing millions of people and polluting the environment.Engineers and development professionals have worked on this problem for decades.My own involvement stretches back many years, and I’m well aware that well-meaning efforts have been launched, but none have managed to match the scope of the challenge.在整個(gè)人類歷史進(jìn)程中，人們一直在用明火或高污染廚灶做飯，但一個(gè)明確的事實(shí)是，廚灶正在導(dǎo)致千百萬人慢性死亡，同時(shí)還在污染環(huán)境。工程師和開發(fā)專業(yè)人員幾十年來一直在努力解決這個(gè)問題。我自己參與其中也有很多年了。據(jù)我了解，人們已經(jīng)作出一些良好的努力，但這些努力不足以應(yīng)對這一挑戰(zhàn)的規(guī)模。

But today, because of technological breakthroughs, new carbon financing tools, and growing private sector engagement, we can finally envision a future in which open fires and dirty stoves are replaced by clean, efficient, and affordable stoves and fuels all over the world – stoves that still cost as little as $25.如今，由于出現(xiàn)了技術(shù)突破、新型碳融資手段以及越來越多私營企業(yè)的參與，我們終于可以展望這樣一個(gè)未來：明火和高污染廚灶在世界范圍內(nèi)被清潔、高效、價(jià)格廉宜的廚灶和燃料所取代——而這樣的廚灶售價(jià)只需25美元。

看了09年以前的真題，基本選的演講稿都會涉及數(shù)字，英譯中好像都是跟環(huán)境、生態(tài)、能源、婦女兒童等有關(guān)話題，中譯英則大多是經(jīng)貿(mào)類的演講，偶爾涉及體育、健康衛(wèi)生等。政治類的演講很少出現(xiàn)。

崔天凱副部長在中美省州長對話開幕式上的致辭

2011年10月19日

Remarks by Vice Foreign Minister Cui Tiankai At the China-US Governors Dialogu

e October 2011

尊敬的趙洪祝書記、周強(qiáng)書記和各位中方省長，尊敬的葛瑞格爾州長和各位美國州長，尊敬的李小林會長、霍馬茨副國務(wù)卿，各位來賓，女士們、先生們：

Respected Secretary Zhao Hongzhu, Secretary Zhou Qiang and Chinese governors，Honorable Governor Gregoire and other US governors，President Li Xiaolin，Under Secretary Robert Hormats，Distinguished Guests，Ladies and Gentlemen，很高興出席中美省州長對話。首先，我代表外交部和楊潔篪外長對此次對話成功舉行表示熱烈祝賀。長期以來，中美地方間合作是兩國關(guān)系的重要基礎(chǔ)和推動力量。舉辦中美省州長對話是今年1月胡錦濤主席訪美的重要成果，也是中國外交部和美國國務(wù)院鼎力支持的項(xiàng)目。在全國友協(xié)、美國全國州長協(xié)會共同努力和兩國省州積極支持下，首屆中美省州長論壇于今年7月在美國鹽湖城成功舉行，取得令人振奮的豐碩成果。僅時(shí)隔3個(gè)月，美國州長代表團(tuán)回訪中國，與中方書記、省長們進(jìn)行新一輪對話。我們?yōu)橹忻赖胤介g合作蓬勃發(fā)展、欣欣向榮的局面感到由衷高興。

I am delighted to attend the China-US Governors Dialogue.Let me begin by extending warm congratulations on the successful opening of the dialogue on behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi.Over the years, subnational cooperation has been an important foundation and driving force of the relations between China and the United States.The launching of the China-US governors dialogue is an important outcome of President Hu's visit to the United States last January and has received full support from the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the US State Department.With the concerted efforts of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and the US National Governors Association and active support from Chinese provinces and US states, the first China-US Governors Forum was successfully held in Salt Lake City in July, producing encouraging and fruitful outcomes.Now, after only three months, the US governors are paying a reciprocal visit to China and joining Chinese provincial leaders for a new round of dialogue.We are really gratified to see such momentum in China-US subnational cooperation.對于中美省州長對話，我有三個(gè)期待：

I have three hopes for the China-US Governors Dialogue.希望對話成為中美地方合作的催化劑。中國有34個(gè)省級行政區(qū)，美國有50個(gè)州、1個(gè)特區(qū)、5個(gè)聯(lián)邦領(lǐng)地和海外領(lǐng)地，都各具特色和優(yōu)勢，彼此間擁有巨大合作潛力。建立省州長論壇是為兩國地方間交流合作提供高層次機(jī)制化平臺的開創(chuàng)性舉措，不僅將有力促進(jìn)兩國地方共同繁榮，也將自下而上地推動中美總體關(guān)系不斷前進(jìn)。

I hope that the dialogue will become a catalyst for China-US subnational cooperation.China has 34 provincial level administrative divisions.The United States has 50 states, one federal district and five unincorporated territories.Each of them is uniquely positioned with its own advantages and has enormous potential for cooperation with others.The China-US Governors Forum is a creative step that aims at offering a high-level and regular platform for subnational exchanges and cooperation.It will not only promote shared prosperity at the subnational level, but also facilitate the overall China-US relations at the national level.希望對話成為中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的推進(jìn)器。兩國地方省州是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的主力軍。過去10年，美國有47個(gè)州對華出口增幅達(dá)到3位數(shù)甚至4位數(shù)。近年來，中國各省企業(yè)對美投資快速增長，為美國經(jīng)濟(jì)和就業(yè)做出貢獻(xiàn)。清潔能源、節(jié)能環(huán)保、生物醫(yī)藥、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等領(lǐng)域是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作新的重要增長點(diǎn)。希望兩國地方把握機(jī)遇，積極開拓，把互利共贏的中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作提升到更高水平。

I hope that the dialogue will become a propeller of China-US business ties.Subnational efforts represent a large part of our overall trade and economic cooperation.Forty-seven US states have seen three-and even four-digit growth in their exports to China in the past decade and investment by local Chinese businesses in the United States has grown rapidly and contributed to the US economy and job creation in recent years.Clean energy, energy conservation, environmental protection, biomedicine and infrastructure are the new important growth areas in China-US economic cooperation.I hope that the provinces and states will make the most of these opportunities and take the mutually beneficial economic cooperation between our two countries to an even higher level.中華考試網(wǎng)(004km.cn)

希望對話成為中美人民間的友誼橋梁。中美關(guān)系的根基在人民，動力源泉也在人民。中美人民友好交往日益密切，每年人員往來超過300萬人次，平均每天8000多人往返于太平洋兩岸。兩國地方高校、媒體、智庫、青年、民間團(tuán)體之間加強(qiáng)文化、教育、藝術(shù)、體育等形式多樣的交流與合作，將在中美間架起更多友誼與合作的橋梁。希望中美兩國地方政府?dāng)y手合作，為此發(fā)揮引領(lǐng)作用。

I hope that the dialogue will become a bridge of friendship between the people of our countries.People represent both the foundation and source of strength for China-US relations.The friendly exchanges between the Chinese and American people have increasingly intensified.Each year, over three million visits are made between China and the United States.Everyday, more than 8,000 people on average travel across the Pacific.Enhanced and diverse exchanges and cooperation between Chinese and American universities, media, think tanks, youths and civil societies in culture, education, art and sports will forge more friendships and partnerships between China and the United States.I hope that the provincial, state and local governments of China and the United States will join hands and lead such exchanges.金秋十月是收獲的季節(jié)。我謹(jǐn)預(yù)祝本次對話圓滿成功，取得豐碩成果，為中美關(guān)系發(fā)展添上濃墨重彩的一筆。

Fall is the season of harvest.I wish the dialogue full success, leaving an indelible imprint on China-US relations.謝謝大家。

Thank you.Over 27? Unmarried? Female? In China, you could be labelled a “l(fā)eftover woman” by the stateand it stings。不過她也知道，在如今的中國，像她這樣受過良好教育的單身都市女性，都被稱為“剩女”，這個(gè)稱呼讓她覺得有些刺耳。

She feels pressure from her friends and her family, and the message gets hammered in by China's state-run media too。她受到來自朋友和家人的逼婚壓力，而在很多中國官方媒體上，這種信息也總是會反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)。

State-run media started using the term “sheng nu” in 2007.That same year the government warned that China's gender imbalancewas a serious problem.National Bureau of Statistics data shows there are now about 20 million more men under 30 than women under 30.官方媒體在2007年開始使用“剩女”一詞，同年政府發(fā)布報(bào)告稱中國的性別不平衡現(xiàn)象是非常嚴(yán)重的社會問題。因?yàn)橹袊鴮?shí)施獨(dú)生子女政策，造成很多人會進(jìn)行性別選擇性墮胎。根據(jù)國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，30歲以下的中國人口，男性要比女性多2000萬。

“Ever since 2007, the state media have aggressively disseminated this term in surveys, and news reports, and columns, and cartoons and pictures, basically stigmatising

educated women over the age of 27 or 30 who are still single,” says Leta Hong-Fincher, an American doing a sociology PhD at Tsinghua University in Beijing。正在清華[微博]大學(xué)[微博]攻讀社會學(xué)博士的美國學(xué)生麗塔·洪-芬奇表示：“從2007年開始，中國媒體就開始在調(diào)查、新聞報(bào)道、專欄、動畫和圖片中大量使用?剩女? 這一術(shù)語，通常定義的是超過27歲或30歲的單身知識女性?！?/p>

Census figures for China show that around one in five women aged 25-29 is unmarried。普查數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在中國25-29歲間的女性中，5人中就有1人未婚。

The proportion of unmarried men that age is higherChina's cabinetsomeone who is “honest and responsible”, and good company, or no-one at all?，F(xiàn)在他們的說法是，如果她不打算找個(gè)男人結(jié)婚，那就應(yīng)該回老家跟他們一起住。陳小姐說她很清楚自己想找的是什么樣的人：誠實(shí)、有責(zé)任心，一位志趣相投的好伙伴。如果找不到這樣的，她寧愿一個(gè)人單著。

Meanwhile, the state-run media keep up a barrage of messages aimed at just this sort of “picky” educated woman。而同時(shí)，各大媒體也開始通過各種信息方式，朝這些挑剔的知識女性“發(fā)起攻擊”。

“Pretty girls do not need a lot of education to marry into a rich and powerful family.But girls with an average or ugly appearance will find it difficult,” reads an excerpt from an article titled, Leftover Women Do Not Deserve Our Sympathy, posted on the website of the All-China Federation of Women in March 2011.2011年3月，中國婦聯(lián)的官方網(wǎng)站上發(fā)表了一篇題為《有多少剩女值得我們同情？》的文章，文章中這樣寫到：“長相靚麗的女孩子不需要太高的學(xué)歷，照樣可以嫁入豪門，但長相普通和丑的女孩子則很難”。

It continues: “These girls hope to further their education in order to increase their competitiveness.The tragedy is, they don't realise that as women age, they are worth less and less.So by the time they get their MA or PhD, they are already oldoffering tips on how to stand out from a crowd, matchmaking advice, and even a psychological analysis of why a woman would want to marry late.中國婦聯(lián)的網(wǎng)站上曾有過多達(dá)15篇文章討論“剩女”的話題，為剩女們出謀劃策如何脫穎而出，提供相親建議，甚至就“為什么女性想要晚婚”進(jìn)行心理分析。

If it sounds odd to call women ”leftover“ at 27 or 30, China has a long tradition of women marrying young.But the age of marriage has been rising, as it often does in places where women become more educated.27歲或30歲沒結(jié)婚就被稱為“剩下的”，也許聽起來有些怪異，但中國女性一向有早婚的傳統(tǒng)。不過婚姻年齡一直在推遲，就像在很多地方女性受教育程度越來越高的情況一樣。

In 1950, the average age for urban Chinese women to marry for the first time was just under 20.By the 1980s it was 25, and now it's...about 27.1950年，中國城市女性初婚平均年齡不到20歲。到了20世紀(jì)80年代這一年齡是25歲，而現(xiàn)在這一年齡也許是27歲左右。

A 29-year-old marketing executive, who uses the English name Elissa, says being single at her age isn't half bad?，F(xiàn)年29歲的銷售主管艾麗莎(英文名)表示，在她這個(gè)年紀(jì)還單身其實(shí)還挺不錯(cuò)。

”Living alone, I can do whatever I like.I can hang out with my good friends whenever I like,“ she says.”I love my job, and I can do a lot of stuff all by myselfand she has to get back to work。艾麗莎說她也想遇到對的人，不過這一切都要看緣分。在這個(gè)過程中，生活也還是很美好的——她也要回去工作了。

國外網(wǎng)友神回復(fù)：

This article gives me hope that I may soon fulfill my adulthood dream of marrying an intelligent, financially independent, emotionally secure, non-overweight woman who will not look down on my aspiration to become a house-husband.All I need to do now is learn to speak Mandarin and move to China。這篇文章給了我希望啊！我一直以來的愿望總算可以實(shí)現(xiàn)了！我一直夢想找一個(gè)聰明過人、經(jīng)濟(jì)獨(dú)立、情感穩(wěn)定、身材勻稱的姑娘當(dāng)老婆，她還得不嫌棄我立志做個(gè)家庭煮夫的夢想才行?，F(xiàn)在我只要學(xué)會普通話，搬去中國，一切就都OK了！

第三篇：中級口譯教程 部分原文翻譯 聽力范文

合資企業(yè) Establishing a Joint Venture__________________________________________________ A ：I'm so happy to see you again, Mr.Roberts.May l help you in any way? B：您好，陳先生，離開中國已有10個(gè)月了。我打算同您商談一下能否與貴公司合資興辦企業(yè)，共同生產(chǎn)無繩電話和移動電話。

A: That's great.Your investment proposal is a very wise decision.Our company is also seeking foreign investment in a manufacturing company for cordless and mobile phones.Your initiative is most welcome.I remember talking to you about the matter of foreign investment in China a year ago, Mr.Roberts.B：是的，那次您談得很好。其結(jié)果是觸發(fā)了我同貴公司合資辦企業(yè)的念頭。您所作的回答坦率，您所作的解釋誠懇，很有說服力。現(xiàn)在我想搭乘中國經(jīng)濟(jì)快車，分享你們的經(jīng)濟(jì)成果好嗎? A: Of course.Welcome aboard, Mr.Roberts!Let's get down to the business of this joint venture.May I have some idea of your proposal? B：最近我對電信設(shè)備的市場做了一番調(diào)查。中國乃至全世界的無繩電話和移動電話的市場潛力很大。在合資企業(yè)的起步階段，我希望有一個(gè)穩(wěn)妥的速度和規(guī)模。我建議投資總額在800萬美元之間，我想中國人喜歡這個(gè)吉利的數(shù)字。

A: Very good.Eight million is more than a lucky number;it's the right number for the initiation of this joint venture, as I under-stand it.But how much would your share of investment be in this partnership? B：我愿提供投資總額50%的資金，其中包括建設(shè)資金、全部進(jìn)口設(shè)備的費(fèi)用以及來自我國內(nèi)公司的工程師、技工和管理人員的費(fèi)用。

A: I like the idea of a 50 to 50 investment partnership, in which case there will be a 50 to 50 distribution in business management and profits share.B：完全正確。

A: The problem then involves the marketing of the manufactured products.Cordless phones are in high demand in China, but we can't guarantee a 50% domestic marketing of mobile phones.Be sides, we need to increase our foreign exchange reserve for the rainy day.May I suggest that you market at least 65% of the to-tal number of mobile phones internationally? I believe you need more foreign currency than our renminbi.B：我很喜歡人民幣。我聽說中國的人民幣不久便可成為一種可兌換的貨幣。不過我接受您的建議，我們負(fù)責(zé)在國際市場上推銷三分之二的移動電話。A: That's beautiful.B：還有兩個(gè)問題需要解決。一個(gè)問題是有關(guān)我們的合作期限，另一個(gè)問題涉及企業(yè)管理人員的結(jié)構(gòu)。A: As for the term of the partnership, let's start with a 15 year term for this joint venture, and extend the contract later if both parties wish to continue the partnership.What do you say to this？ B：非常合理。我建議成立董事會來監(jiān)管公司的業(yè)務(wù)，我們以平等的伙伴關(guān)系分享權(quán)利和義務(wù)。

A: That coincides with our usual practice.Shall we hold another round of discussion next week on some technical problems in a more detailed way? B：好的。如同以往一樣，我樂意與您合作。今天的收獲很大。A: Yes, indeed.Have a nice weekend, Mr.Roberts!B：我也祝您周末愉快。

歐亞合作 Euro-Asian Cooperation—————————————————————————————— 尊敬的主席先生，女士們、先生們： 【1】歐洲聯(lián)盟采納了一項(xiàng)新的亞洲戰(zhàn)略。我們在此要求歐盟成員國同亞洲國家進(jìn)行有效的合作，以期在歐亞兩大洲之間建立一種積極、穩(wěn)定與和平等的伙伴關(guān)系。

【2】歷史已證明了擴(kuò)大兩大洲之間合作關(guān)系的必要性。歐洲和亞洲這兩個(gè)人類文明的主要發(fā)源地，對人類進(jìn)步做出了貢獻(xiàn)。

【3】自從20世紀(jì)80年代起，亞洲，尤其是東亞，迅速成長繁榮。作為世界上最有活力的經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)域，東亞在過去數(shù)十年里以其顯著的成就引起了全球的矚目。

【6】在歐洲，50年的結(jié)盟使現(xiàn)在的歐盟成了世界上最大的貿(mào)易集團(tuán)，歐盟的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和外貿(mào)總額都已超過了美國的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和外貿(mào)總額。

【7】此外，歐盟各國有統(tǒng)一的關(guān)稅，建立了共同的外貿(mào)、農(nóng)業(yè)和漁業(yè)政策。歐盟正初步建立經(jīng)濟(jì)和貨幣聯(lián)盟。換言之，歐盟已成為一個(gè)政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化程度最高的地區(qū)。

【8】近年來，歐洲與東亞之間的貿(mào)易關(guān)系迅速發(fā)展。有意義的是，東亞已取代美國成為歐盟最大的出口市場，歐盟國家出口產(chǎn)品的l8％銷往該地區(qū)。

【4】然而，歐盟對東亞市場的占有率仍然繼續(xù)落后于美國和Et本。我們意識到，目前歐亞經(jīng)貿(mào)交往已遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足需要。

【5】女士們，先生們，歐洲、北美和東亞已成為世界三大經(jīng)濟(jì)中心。由于歷史緣故，歐洲和北美早已建立了密切的聯(lián)系。東亞和北美通過亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)合作論壇也建立了聯(lián)系。相對而言，歐盟與東亞的聯(lián)系仍然比較弱。因此，女士們，先生們，歐洲和東亞通過對話和相互信任以消除分歧，增強(qiáng)我們的合作關(guān)系，從兩大洲人民的利益出發(fā)建立新的伙伴關(guān)系，這是我們的共同愿望。

【9】女士們，先生們，面對這一歷史性的機(jī)遇，讓我們共同努力，牢固建立這種伙伴關(guān)系，為世界和平、穩(wěn)定與繁榮而作出貢獻(xiàn)。謝謝主席先生。

應(yīng)試之災(zāi) The Examination-oriented Education—————————————————————— 主席先生，女士們、先生們：

對于每一個(gè)富有愛心與負(fù)責(zé)精神的社會，其最大的愿望莫過于為改善兒童的生活而做重要的、有意義的事。將這種愿望付諸實(shí)踐的最顯然的做法便是去除兒童的考試與選拔負(fù)擔(dān)，這種負(fù)擔(dān)源于我們的教育制度，令人難以接受。

年僅十三四歲的孩子被選進(jìn)將要決定他們前途的應(yīng)試班學(xué)習(xí)。爾后，就在他們中間的大部分人處于一生中的學(xué)習(xí)接受能力最糟糕的時(shí)候，卻被迫參加考試，而對考試失敗者的懲罰如同死刑一般，使人永世不得翻身。

在我們這個(gè)國家，中學(xué)生的命運(yùn)受到這些考試的擺布。雖然一些學(xué)校確實(shí)也開設(shè)了大批有趣的課程，然而這些課程只是為那些早被定為失敗者的學(xué)生開設(shè)的。所以家長不停地采用強(qiáng)推、硬拉、威脅、強(qiáng)迫等手段將他們的孩子推上考場，或者急不可耐地尋找“高水平"的學(xué)校代為行使督戰(zhàn)之責(zé)，因?yàn)檫@樣做符合我們大學(xué)的要求。

但這樣做有無必要呢?我們?yōu)槭裁匆谌四X處于接受能力最低的生理發(fā)育階段對我們的年幼者施加這種壓力呢?而且我們也知道，如果孩子在14歲時(shí)選錯(cuò)了路子，那么他們的一生可能會毀掉。既然如此，我們?yōu)楹我x擇在他們一生中的這個(gè)時(shí)期試圖造就他們或壓垮他們呢? 如果孩子在16歲時(shí)所面臨的選拔壓力能予以免除的話，那么中學(xué)教育可能會完全改觀。從13歲起，孩子可以自由選擇是否學(xué)習(xí)，或者可以選擇半日制的學(xué)習(xí)。他們可以完全按照自己的意愿，想學(xué)多久就學(xué)多久。如果他們想在美術(shù)課或戲劇課花上半天時(shí)間，他們自己可以自行決定這么做。

孩子們抱怨課程乏味、課本乏味、教師乏味。然而，他們的訴說聲卻幾乎無人聽見。當(dāng)他們不得不寫些東西時(shí)，他們只是迎合教師的口味，寫一些教師想看的Fl容，這種情況已是司空見慣的了。

我深信，在強(qiáng)制性程度較低的制度下，孩子實(shí)際學(xué)到的東西會更多，他們通常能更好地同成人和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)合作。我敢肯定，他們會更加幸福，更富有創(chuàng)造力，因而對社會的作用也就更大。我們不應(yīng)該花那么多的時(shí)間對十三四歲的孩子大加威脅，對他們說要是不整天學(xué)習(xí)、不每天學(xué)習(xí)的話，他們的結(jié)果只能是一輩子失敗。

因此，女士們，先生們，我相信你們也會認(rèn)為除了贊同今天的提議之外，已別無選擇?，F(xiàn)行的教育制度肯定對我們的孩子有害，所以必須予以改變。

謝謝各位。為了就價(jià)格達(dá)成一致，您能不能通融一下

For they agreed on the price, can you give me a second 這是首付款，剩下的我會在年底還清的

This is the head, and the rest I will pay off in the end 我為自己能受到你們的友好邀請 I myself for by your gracious invitation

今天晚上六點(diǎn)有個(gè)招待晚宴，我會派人在5點(diǎn)半接你

At six this evening hosted a dinner, I'll send someone to pick you up at five thirty 中國政府重視對外開放，不僅開放了沿海城市，也開放了內(nèi)地,盡可能吸引外資。

The Chinese government focuses a lot of attention on opening the country up to the outside in all directions,including coastal cities and interior areas.我現(xiàn)在無權(quán)對您的要求做出答復(fù)，我得和公司總部聯(lián)系一下

Now I have no right to your request made answer, I'll have to contact and corporate headquarters 今晚我們在這里舉行晚宴，歡迎我們來自大洋彼岸的朋友

Tonight we held here dinner, welcome our friends from ocean the other shore

盡管我個(gè)人和MR MEYER接觸時(shí)間不長，但他的接人待物給我留下了深刻的印象。所以，從這一點(diǎn)上說，我們雙方的合作從開始就有一個(gè)良好的開端

Even though I personally and MR MEYER contact time is not long, but his pick up person treat people left a deep impression on me.So, from this point said, our cooperation from the start there is a good beginning

現(xiàn)在我舉杯祝愿，為了遠(yuǎn)道而來的朋友，為了我們之間合作的進(jìn)步發(fā)展，為了在座各位的健康干杯 Now I traveled to wish to friends, for our cooperation between progress development, in order to a toast to the health of everyone in here 我希望能盡快與大家在東京相遇

I hope to meet with you as soon as possible in Tokyo 我代表大連市政府、大連人民歡迎你參加大連服裝節(jié)

I represent the dalian municipal government, dalian people welcome you to dalian garments festival 毫無疑問，馬克吐溫是美國文學(xué)史上最著名的小說家

No doubt, Mark Twain is the history of American literature's most famous novelist HALEN KALER客服了失明失聰?shù)碾p重障礙，成為美國......The stricken blind and deaf HALEN KALER customer service of dual obstacle, become the United States......今晚為您舉行招待晚宴，7點(diǎn)我派人接你

Have a reception dinner for you tonight, 7 o 'clock I'll send someone to pick you up 我代表中國國際廣播電臺和在北京的全體同仁，祝大家新年快樂

I represent China Radio International and all of my colleagues in Beijing, I wish you all happy new year.人們擔(dān)心大量物資將從這個(gè)國家流向恐怖組織手里

People feared massive supplies to from this country flow terrorist organizations hand 想成為一名優(yōu)秀的運(yùn)動員，你必須有好的身體 Want to become a good player, you must have a good body

本校和絕大多數(shù)其他學(xué)校相比，其不同點(diǎn)在于我們這兒的教育是針對不同學(xué)生的

The school and most other schools, compared to its differentia depends on our education here is aimed at different students 細(xì)菌，有的有害，有的有益

Bacteria, some harmful, some beneficial

在亞洲西南部，氣溫升到50度，在北部地區(qū)，溫度會下降到零下40度

In southwest Asia, and the temperature rises to 50 degrees, in northern areas, the temperature will drop to the low 40s

就我個(gè)人來說，我希望你們在上海的浦東地區(qū)投資。這倒不是因?yàn)槠謻|是我的家鄉(xiāng)，而是因?yàn)槠謻|的確是投資者的理想場所。

Personally,I like you to invest in the Pudong Area of Shanghai.Not becasue it's my hometown,but it really is an ideal place for investment.30年前，一旦女人結(jié)了婚，就成為家庭主婦了

Thirty years ago, once a woman is married, become housewives 基本情況是這樣的，外國在華投資......所有這些優(yōu)勢很難再其他國家找到

Basic situation is such, foreign investment in China......all these advantages is hard to find in other countries

第四篇：中級口譯翻譯部分真題~~[范文模版]

2009年春中口翻譯部分

【E—C】

In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear.Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the banks lower interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending.In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf.No larger alterations to the economy are made, because our economy, but for the occasional bump in the road, is fundamentally sound.This has been the drill in every recession since World War II.Republicans and Democrats argue over whose taxes should be cut the most and which projects should be funded, but under public pressure to do something, they usually find some mutually acceptable midpoint and enact a stimulus package.This time, though, don’t expect that to be the end of the story-----because the coming recession will not be normal, and our economy is not fundamentally sound.This time around, the nation will have to craft new versions of some of the reforms that Franklin Roosevelt created to steer the nation out of the Great Depression.【譯文】：

若只是尋常的經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條，那應(yīng)對方案一目了然：翻出久違的凱恩斯著作，聯(lián)邦政府降低利率，總統(tǒng)及國會一面減稅，一面增加財(cái)政支出。假以時(shí)日，購買力激升，生產(chǎn)力急速飛漲，貸款數(shù)隨之猛增。凱恩斯的作品重獲關(guān)注。美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)并非一帆風(fēng)順，但總的來說還不錯(cuò)，并不需要對經(jīng)濟(jì)體制做出大刀闊斧的改革。所以第二次世界大戰(zhàn)之后，我們一直照此方案應(yīng)對經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。

政府應(yīng)為哪些階層多減稅，為哪些項(xiàng)目提供資助，這些是共和黨和民主黨長期爭論的話題。公眾要求他們付諸于行動的輿論壓力下，政府往往實(shí)施雙方都可接受的折衷方案，達(dá)到推動經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步的目的。即使到了黨派分歧嚴(yán)重的今時(shí)今日，政府仍希望找到此種方案。

然而這次的蕭條非比平常，所以事情就不那么簡單。從本質(zhì)上說，我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)確有弊端。因此要?jiǎng)佑靡恍└惶m克林·羅斯福當(dāng)年的改革措施，還需做到與時(shí)俱進(jìn)。才能力挽狂瀾、扭轉(zhuǎn)乾坤，最終撥得云開見日出?！窘馕觥浚?/p>

1、In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear.譯：在平常，經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況一旦蕭條下來，大家都就很明白應(yīng)該馬上著手做哪些事情：

本句中，normal recession名詞性短語，但需要采用詞類轉(zhuǎn)換的翻譯方法，進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展翻譯成一個(gè)句子，the to-do list“大家應(yīng)該做的事情”，本句主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，字面意思：大家要做的事情是很清楚的。采用正反翻譯的方法，將其翻譯為“大家都就很明白應(yīng)該馬上著手做哪些事情：”。

2、Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the Fed lowers interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending.譯：重新翻開塵封已久的凱恩斯的著作，聯(lián)邦政府調(diào)低利息率，總統(tǒng)和國會開始減稅，增加財(cái)政支出。

本句是接上文，列舉出的一系列動作，并列舉。在句中，Copies of Keynes are dusted off，字面意思為：凱恩斯著作上的灰塵會被拂去。根據(jù)本文的語意表達(dá)環(huán)境，我們采用意譯，翻譯為：重新翻開塵封已久的凱恩斯的著作。

3、In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf.譯：用不了多久，市場上購銷兩旺，生產(chǎn)線生機(jī)勃勃，貸款扶搖而上，于是乎，凱恩斯的書又回了書架。本句中，前半句purchasing, production and loans perk up中，perk

vi.振作;活躍起來(+up)，在英語中“perk up”可以用于形容以上三個(gè)主語，而在漢語中有不同搭配，所以對本句，翻譯成三個(gè)小分句“市場上購銷兩旺，生產(chǎn)線生機(jī)勃勃，貸款扶搖而上”會更好一點(diǎn)。對于“Keynes is placed back on the shelf”中，“Keynes”需要翻譯為：凱恩斯的著作。該句子翻譯為：凱恩斯的著作又會被放回到書架上。

【C—E】

鐘表上的秒針一下一下地移動，每移動一下就是表示我們的壽命已經(jīng)縮短了一部分。再看看墻上掛著的可以一張張撕下的日歷，每天撕下一張就是表示我們的壽命又縮短了一天。因?yàn)闀r(shí)間即生命。

沒有人不愛惜他的生命，但很少人珍視他的時(shí)間。如果想在有生之年做一點(diǎn)什么事，學(xué)一點(diǎn)什么學(xué)問，充實(shí)自己，幫助別人，使生命成為有意義，不虛此生，那么就不可浪費(fèi)光陰。這個(gè)道理人人都懂，可是很少人能積極不懈地善為利用他的時(shí)間。

【譯文】：

Our life is shortened by every tick of the second hand of the clock.Each page peeled away from the wall calendar marks a bygone day.Time is life, while life is cherished by everybody, but time, by few.How can we achieve something in our brief life? To learn some knowledge!To replenish ourselves!To help those in need!To add significance to our life!Time should not be squandered if we want to make our life meaningful(to get a lot out of our life).This principle is accepted by all, but wisely observed by very few.2009秋季翻譯部分

【E—C】

What is a novel? I say: an invented story.At the same time a story which, though invented, has the power to ring true.True to what? True to life as the reader knows life to be or, it may be, feels life to be.And I mean the adult, the grown-up reader.Such a reader has outgrown fairy tales, and we do not want the fantastic and the impossible.So I say to you that a novel must stand up to the adult tests of reality.You may say:”If one wants truth, why not go to the literally true book? Biography or documentary, these are amazing accounts of amazing experiences which people have.” Yes, but I am suggesting to you that there is a distinction between truth and so-called reality.The novel does not simply recount experience.And here comes in what is the actual livening spark of the novel: the novelist’s imagination has a power of its own.It does not merely invent, it perceives.It intensifies, therefore it gives power, extra importance, and greater truth to what may well be ordinary and everyday things.小說是什么？我認(rèn)為 是人們創(chuàng)造出來的故事。同時(shí)盡管是創(chuàng)造出來的故事，但是小說仍然有一種力量能夠讓人聽上去感覺像真的一樣。真的像什么呢？就像讀者所知道的那種生活或者可 能的生活樣子，像他們所感覺的那種生活。當(dāng)然我指的是對于成熟的成年讀者而言。像我們這樣的成年讀者已經(jīng)足夠長大，不再相信童話故事，不再需要奇異幻想和 那些不可能發(fā)生的事情。所以我對你說，小說必須要成熟起來，能夠讓成年人將之放在生活中試驗(yàn)。你或許會說：“如果一個(gè)人需要事實(shí)，他為什么不去看完完全全真實(shí)的書呢？自傳或者紀(jì)錄片里都是些令人驚異的真人真事的描述。這當(dāng)然正確，但是我對你的建議是事實(shí)和所謂的現(xiàn)實(shí) 之間有著本質(zhì)的區(qū)別。小說并不僅僅只是敘述人們的經(jīng)歷，小說會添加人們的經(jīng)歷。而 這一點(diǎn)正是小說所具有的活力火花：小說家的想象力有其自己強(qiáng)大的力量。借 助這種想象力小說家并不僅僅創(chuàng)造，他們?nèi)ジ兄＿@種想象力不斷增強(qiáng)，給原本普普通通的日常生活注入一股力量，使它們變得額外地重要，變得更加地真實(shí)。

【C—E】

有兩個(gè)大款附庸風(fēng) 雅，參加一個(gè)冷餐會，與會者自然不乏真正的名流學(xué)者。席間，一個(gè)學(xué)者與其中的大款甲閑聊，話題不知怎么扯到莎士比亞身上。學(xué)者問大款甲：“先生是否對莎士 比亞最感興趣？”大款甲頓了頓，隨即正色說：“相比之下，還是威士忌合我口味?！边@時(shí)，大家都暗自竊笑。大款乙也看出了苗頭，悻悻然走開。在回來的小車 上，大款乙教訓(xùn)大款甲說：“你真一點(diǎn)都不懂，莎士比亞是飲料，你怎么把它當(dāng)洋酒了！”

Two big shots attended a buffet reception, trying to pose as lovers of culture, for the participants included some real scholars of distinction.During the reception, a scholar chatted with Tycoon A and somehow the topic shifted to Shakespeare.The scholar asked, “Are you most interested in Shakespeare?” The big shot paused and announced with a severe countenance: “In comparison, whiskey is more to my taste.” Hearing that, all the listeners laughed up their sleeves.Tycoon B saw the straw in the wind and left resentfully.On their way home in the car, Tycoon B lectured Tycoon A: “ How could you be that ignorant!Shakespeare is a beverage, and you are foolish enough to take that as an imported spirit!”

點(diǎn)評：雖然內(nèi)容和以往有所不同，但細(xì)說到單詞、詞組和句型，卻大都在我們平時(shí)的課堂內(nèi)容之中。在Section 3的英譯漢中，各個(gè)我們反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的翻譯技巧依次露面。如：

主被交換 an invented story：創(chuàng)造出來的故事 讓步狀語 though invented：盡管

正反譯法 outgrow fairy tales：不再相信童話故事 轉(zhuǎn)性譯法 has the power：能夠

“the + adj.”表示一類事物的集合 the fantastic and the impossible 奇思異想和不可能發(fā)生的事情

2010年春中口翻譯

【C—E】(英文原文選自09年9月20日的《今日美國》（U.S.Today），隨后09年9月29日的《中國日報(bào)》（China Daily）轉(zhuǎn)載了同一篇文章。)

The recession has hit middle-income and poor families hardest, widening the economic gap between the richest and poorest Americans as rippling job layoffs ravaged household budgets.在經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退中，損失最為慘重的要數(shù)中等收入和貧困家庭。此外，衰退還造成最富裕和最貧困的美國人之間經(jīng)濟(jì)差距擴(kuò)大，因?yàn)橐徊úú脝T的侵襲使家庭可用開支遭受重創(chuàng)。

Household income declined across all groups, but at sharper percentage levels for middle-income and poor Americans.Median income fell last year from $52,163 to $50,303, wiping out a decade's worth of gains to hit the lowest level since 1997.Poverty jumped sharply to 13.2 percent, an 11-year high.雖然全美各個(gè)群體的家庭收入普降，但是中低收入者的跌幅更大。去年，（家庭）收入的中位數(shù)從52163美元降低到50303美元，達(dá)到了1997年以來的最低點(diǎn)，相當(dāng)于十年的財(cái)富收益蒸發(fā)殆盡。貧困人口的比例則飆升至13.2%，創(chuàng)下了11年來的新高。

No one should be surprised at the increased disparity.Analysts attributed the widening gap to the wave of layoffs in the economic downturn that have devastated household budgets.They said while the richest Americans may be seeing reductions in executive pay, those at the bottom of the income ladder are often unemployed and struggling to get by.對于日益擴(kuò)大的收入差距，我們不應(yīng)大驚小怪。經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷時(shí)期的裁員風(fēng)潮導(dǎo)致家庭的可用開支急劇減少，分析師認(rèn)為這才是導(dǎo)致收入差距擴(kuò)大的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。他們認(rèn)為，雖然最富裕的美國人也可能發(fā)現(xiàn)收入縮水，但那些工資最低的人才是真正的受害者，因?yàn)樗麄兘?jīng)常遭到解雇，艱難度日。

【C—E】(第十屆全國人大常委會委員（a Standing Committee member of the Chinese National People's Congress(NPC)）朱相遠(yuǎn)于2010年1月4日在人民網(wǎng)發(fā)表的一篇題為《2010年翩然而至擁抱下一個(gè)“十年”》的文章)原文：

2010年翩然而至，全球24個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)的萬千鐘聲，此起彼伏，宣告在這人類新千年中，一個(gè)10年代的終結(jié)，又是另一個(gè)10年代的開始。在開局的10年中，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)在前9年連續(xù)9年保持著9%以上的增長。最后一年，雖受國際金融風(fēng)暴影響，但依然能保持8%的高增長。

中國猶如中流砥柱，力挽狂瀾，使全球目光，再次聚焦于東方。一年多的實(shí)踐，終使曙光再現(xiàn)。全人類定能以集體的智慧，攻堅(jiān)克難，度過難關(guān)，必將是柳暗花明又一村的新局面。

譯文：

With the approaching of 2010, the ringing of bells in 24 time zones around the globe echoes one after another, announcing the lapse of the first decade in the new millennium and the start of another 10 years.Over the past ten years, China’s economy maintained a successive 9% increase for nine years since the beginning of the 21st century and still a 8% growth in the last year of the past decade, albeit influenced by global financial storm.Functioning like a mainstay that makes vigorous endeavors to turn the tide, China, once again, draws global attraction to the East.A silver lining is emerging again after a year-round practice.As long as all the mankind conquer adversities, override difficulties with collective wisdom, there is bound to be a way out.2010年秋中口翻譯部分

【E—C】

The economic system of the United States is principally one of private ownership.In this system, consumers, producers and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, mainly through the price system.The dynamic interaction of these three groups makes the economic function.The market’s primary force, however, is the interaction of producers and consumers;hence the “market economy” designation.美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度主要是私有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，其中，消費(fèi)者、生產(chǎn)者和政府每天都主要通過價(jià)格體系來做出經(jīng)濟(jì)決策。正是這三者之間的能動關(guān)系才使經(jīng)濟(jì)得以運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。然而，市場的主要?jiǎng)恿碜杂谏a(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者之間的關(guān)系，因此 “市場經(jīng)濟(jì)”得以成名。

As a rule, consumers look for the best values for what they spend while producers seek the best price and profit for what they have to sell.Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote public security, assure reasonable competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises.通常，消費(fèi)者總希望他們說花費(fèi)的錢能夠獲得最大的價(jià)值；另一方面，生產(chǎn)者渴望能從他們所銷售的商品中尋求最高的價(jià)格和利潤。聯(lián)邦、各州和地方各級政府的任務(wù)是加強(qiáng)公共安全，確保合理競爭，并提供一系列服務(wù)，因?yàn)樗麄兿嘈胚@些服務(wù)性事業(yè)最好由國有企業(yè)來處理，而非私人企業(yè)。

Generally, there are three kinds of enterprises: single-owner operated businesses, partnerships and corporations.The first two are important, but it is the latter structure that best permits the amassing of large sums of money by combining the investments of many people who, as stockholders, can buy and sell their shares of the business at any time on the open market.Corporations make large-scale enterprises possible.大致來看，企業(yè)分為三種：個(gè)體業(yè)主開辦經(jīng)營的企業(yè)、合伙企業(yè)和股份公司。前兩者很重要，但只有最后一種企業(yè)才可以最大程度上把許多合作人員的投資籌集到一起，形成巨額資金。那些人作為股東，可以隨時(shí)在公開市場上買賣他們所持有的股票。正是這種股份制公司使得開辦大型企業(yè)成為可能。簡評：

經(jīng)歷了三次考試的小品文調(diào)整后，如同我們課堂中所預(yù)測的那樣，今年秋季的考試題目終于回歸了正常的軌道。英譯漢出現(xiàn)了主旋律——經(jīng)濟(jì)類報(bào)刊型文章。其實(shí)這個(gè)主題一直是我們在課堂中練習(xí)和強(qiáng)調(diào)最多的，而且它和“小白本”（《中級翻譯教程》）第三單元第一課《混合經(jīng)濟(jì)：美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度》相關(guān)度非常高，相信大家一定會覺得很熟悉。

在翻譯過程中，主要難點(diǎn)在于句子順序的調(diào)整/詞語指稱意義的確定/定語從句和后置分詞的翻譯。如： 第二個(gè)句子中末尾的on a daily basis, mainly through the price system在翻譯中必須前置在漢語的謂語動詞之前；dynamic interaction根據(jù)上下文及單詞本身的意義，可以猜測出“能動”的意思；再如，Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote public security, assure reasonable competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises.在這個(gè)長句中，我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)后方的believed to be…是一個(gè)分詞作后置定語，根據(jù)我們在英譯漢第一講最后提到的技巧，這里應(yīng)該用上分割單獨(dú)成句法，同理，后方的定語從句也要使用相同的手法處理。

【C—E】

說起上海老城，總會讓人和古老傳統(tǒng)的東西聯(lián)系起來，比如明代的豫園和清代的城隍廟。上海建城有700多年歷史，但最具人文發(fā)展歷史的時(shí)期是開埠后的150年間，諸如華洋雜居、石庫門、老字號等等，都發(fā)生在開埠后的上海。

The old town of Shanghai, when it is mentioned, is always associated with the past and the tradition, something such as the Yuyuan Garden in the Ming Dynasty and the Town God’s Temple(or the City God Temple / Chenghuangmiao)in the Qing Dynasty.Despite a history of more than 700 years, it is the 150 years since its opening to foreign trades that enjoyed the most spelendid/ greatest humane development of Shanghai.During that period, scenes appeared such as the co-inhabitation of Chinese foreigners, the building of Shikumen, and the growth of time-honored firms.流傳于老城內(nèi)外的民間文化，豐富多彩。著名的“上海老城人物風(fēng)情畫卷”生動地描繪了上海老城市民的生活百態(tài)。上海老城市歷史文明與現(xiàn)代文明的兼容并蓄，無論上海城市發(fā)展如何日新月異，她仍將記錄著上海城市發(fā)展的歷史華章。

Various and colorful folk cultures have gained popularity in and out of Shanghai’s old town, which has been proved in the famous “The Painting Scroll of Local Residents in Shanghai’s Old Town”, a vivid depiction of the lives of local residents in every aspect.Despite the ever-changing advances of Shanghai, its old town, an inclusive combination of ancient and modern civilization, will still serve as a glorious chapter in the history of the development of Shanghai city.簡評：

今年的漢譯英也擺脫了過去三次考試的小品文，終于回歸了主旋律，介紹了關(guān)于上海地區(qū)的文化特色。其實(shí)，這個(gè)特點(diǎn)也是我們在翻譯課堂上的開篇就講過的地域特色，并且，我們曾經(jīng)在課堂上給大家總結(jié)過三區(qū)的重要性：傳統(tǒng)文化老區(qū)/經(jīng)濟(jì)新區(qū)/旅游景區(qū)，所以，這次考試中出現(xiàn)的“城隍廟/豫園”應(yīng)該算是老朋友了，至于新出現(xiàn)的地名，大家也可以根據(jù)我們課堂上講過的翻譯技巧來應(yīng)對。

在語言處理方面，我們希望大家還是要把握基本原則，即“找出言外之意的邏輯”。比如，第二段開頭的兩個(gè)句子，要看出是一個(gè)舉例的關(guān)系。其次，在翻譯漢譯英的時(shí)候一定要善于去發(fā)現(xiàn)句子的真正主語，比如第一段的第二句，真正的主語應(yīng)該是“150年”；第二段的第二句，真正主語為“老城區(qū)”而非字面上的“兼容并蓄”。第三，漢譯英中要大量運(yùn)用“詞語轉(zhuǎn)性”的技巧，如最后一部分的“日新月異”，漢語原文中是作謂語，可是在英語譯文中應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)變成形容 詞作定語，這一點(diǎn)在我們的課堂講解中也一直是重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容。

另外，還需提出的是，漢譯英中一直喜歡考察大家對于四字詞語的處理方法，我們在課堂中也有專門講解，當(dāng)然，更需要大家持續(xù)不斷的積累，比如本次考試中出現(xiàn)的“豐富多彩”“日新月異”“兼容并蓄”“歷史華章”等，應(yīng)該算是老朋友，做到脫口而出了。

2011春中口翻譯漢部分

【C—E】

豫園是上海著名的古典園林，已有400多年的歷史?；▓@設(shè)計(jì)獨(dú)特，具有明清兩代南方的建筑藝術(shù)的風(fēng)格。園內(nèi)共有40余景，景色自然迷人，亭臺樓閣、假山池塘和諧對稱、協(xié)調(diào)均衡，其布局之精致自古聞名江南。

豫園原為明代一位大官的私家花園，始建于1559年，直到20年后才建成。此后曾幾經(jīng)變遷，屢遭摧殘。所幸的是，從1949年上海解放時(shí)，園內(nèi)的主要景點(diǎn)尚完好無損。從1956年開始，豫園經(jīng)過多次修繕，重現(xiàn)其昔日光彩。參考答案：

The Yuyuan Garden is a renowned classical garden located in Shanghai that enjoys a history of over 400 years.With delicate design, it boasts the architectural style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.40 attractive scenic spots dot the garden, including pavilions, pagodas, ponds and rockeries, with each adding radiance to one another.The Yuyuan Garden tops South China for its delicacy and elegance.The Garden was originally the private garden of a governor in the Ming Dynasty.Its initial construction started in 1559, but it was not completed until two decades later.The Garden was repeated destroyed under vicissitudes;fortunately, its major scenic spots remained intact in 1949 when Shanghai was liberated.The Garden regained its splendor after several renovations starting from 1956.[解析] 1.文章開頭有三個(gè)“有”，我們可以追求全都不用have，而采用更精準(zhǔn)的詞，比如有400多年的歷史，用enjoy, 第二個(gè)具有，表示具有什么的特色，可以轉(zhuǎn)移成形容詞：be characteristic of，或者boast.第三個(gè)是“園內(nèi)有40余景”，表示園內(nèi)布滿了這些景點(diǎn)，可以反過來用40個(gè)景色做主語，動作的“有”翻譯成dot,裝點(diǎn)。

2.亭臺樓閣、假山池塘和諧對稱、協(xié)調(diào)均衡，其布局之精致自古聞名江南。此處的元素較多，我們可以分清其中的關(guān)系：亭臺樓閣和假山池塘是并列的關(guān)系，而它們達(dá)到的效果則是“和諧對稱”，“協(xié)調(diào)均衡” 3.其布局之精致自古聞名江南。

江南在中文中聽上去很好，但到了英文中如果翻的太清楚就變成了south of the Yangtze River, 失去了美感，不如也模糊地說成South China 4.其布局之精致自古聞名江南。

布局的英文是layout.而精致的處理，既可以按照字面翻譯成elegancy, 也可以翻譯其意思： 所謂的布局的精致，在布局上投入大量的心思。

In the old days, And Yu Garden was famed in South China for the amount of thought put into its layout.5.私家花園

這里的花園可以不譯，直接收成private property, 私人財(cái)產(chǎn)。6.直到20年后才建成

可以選擇反譯：but it was not completed until two decades later 也可以選擇正譯： which took twenty years to complete.7.此后曾幾經(jīng)變遷，屢遭摧殘。

變遷：vicissitudes.如果忘記這個(gè)單詞的拼寫，可以選擇解釋：changes of times.所以整句可以譯成The Garden was repeated destroyed under vicissitudes。下面附上譯文：

The Yuyuan Garden is a renowned classical garden located in Shanghai that enjoys a history of over 400 years.With delicate design, it boasts the architectural style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.40 attractive scenic spots dot the garden, including pavilions, pagodas, ponds and rockeries, with each adding radiance to one another.The Yuyuan Garden tops South China for its delicacy and elegance.The Garden was originally the private garden of a governor in the Ming Dynasty.Its initial construction started in 1559, but it was not completed until two decades later.The Garden was repeated destroyed under vicissitudes;fortunately, its major scenic spots remained intact in 1949 when Shanghai was liberated.The Garden regained its splendor after several renovations starting from 1956.Being well proportioned, the endless mixture of pavilions and corridors, rockeries and ponds, yields to a scene of harmonious symmetry.And Yu Garden is famed in South of Yangtze Delta for the amount of thought put into its layout.【E—C】

A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing;that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse;and that the cause is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.A minority, though, are sceptical.Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end.Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.We believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it.That is the job of the politicians.But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty.There are no certainties in science.Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again.That is the job of the scientists.【參考答案】

世界上大部分氣候?qū)W家已經(jīng)使他們自己及許多普通民眾（包括一些政界人士）確信，地球的氣候正處于變化之中；對人類而言，這一變化正日趨嚴(yán)重；罪魁禍?zhǔn)资侨祟惢顒樱浔憩F(xiàn)形式為過量排放二氧化碳之類的溫室氣體。

但是，仍有一小部分人對此持懷疑態(tài)度。一些人表示，雖然近期的數(shù)據(jù)表明地球的平均氣溫正在升高，但其原因是太陽輻射的自然波動，這一趨勢可能臨近結(jié)束。另一些人認(rèn)為并沒有決定性證據(jù)表明近現(xiàn)代的地球溫度高于古代。

我們認(rèn)為，全球變暖是人類面臨的嚴(yán)重威脅，世界各國需要采取措施，竭力避免這一問題。這是政治家的職責(zé)。但是我們也相信氣候變化并不是必然的?？茖W(xué)無絕對。盛行的理論必須不斷得到實(shí)際證據(jù)的檢驗(yàn)。一旦搜集到了新的證據(jù)，就需要進(jìn)行再次驗(yàn)證。這是科學(xué)家的任務(wù)。

[解析] 本次中口英譯漢的文章節(jié)選自《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》（The Economist）網(wǎng)站2009年11月26日的文章A heated debate，屬于環(huán)保類題材，文字難度偏低。各段的考點(diǎn)毫無新意，都是在課上反復(fù)講解并訓(xùn)練過的技巧?？忌鷳?yīng)該保證在這一篇上拿到高分。

文章一共三段，難度相對較大的是第一段，整段是一句長句，其結(jié)構(gòu)非常清晰：A have convinced themselves and B that 1;that 2;and that 3.中文大意是A（氣候?qū)W家）使自己及B（普通民眾）確信三件事情。只要把整句結(jié)構(gòu)理順，之后只要“填空”即可。三件事情依次是：地球的氣候正處于變化之中；對人類而言，這一變化正日趨嚴(yán)重；罪魁禍?zhǔn)资侨祟惢顒?，其表現(xiàn)形式為過量排放二氧化碳之類的溫室氣體。

第二段是第一段的對照，主要講述另一部分人的觀點(diǎn)。第一句話（A minority, though, are sceptical.）中minority呼應(yīng)了第一段中的majority，其中的though作插于語使用表轉(zhuǎn)折功能，這一考點(diǎn)在中口以前的英譯漢文章里考過。之后段落繼續(xù)分出兩條支線，細(xì)述兩部分反對者的觀點(diǎn)。句法層面沒有難點(diǎn)，詞匯層面注意單詞explain。在中口的課上反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)過上下文定詞義，同學(xué)不要一看到explain就翻成“解釋”，而是需要根據(jù)具體的語境選擇精致的釋義。在這里，A are explained by B直譯為A能夠被B解釋略帶翻譯腔，其實(shí)這一結(jié)構(gòu)只是表示原因，所以還不如譯為更為簡潔的“因?yàn)椤薄５谌谓o出了作者自己的觀點(diǎn)，主要是對政治家和科學(xué)家分別提出了期望。比較重要的一句是倒數(shù)第二句，其中的被動語態(tài)需要處理到位。英語多被動，漢語多主動，這一英漢差異需要在翻譯中進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化。theories must be constantly tested against evidence可以翻成理論必須得到證據(jù)的檢驗(yàn)，也可以添加泛指性主語“我們”翻成我們需要用證據(jù)對理論進(jìn)行 檢驗(yàn)。

2011年秋季翻譯部分

【E—C】（出自Newsweek）

Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers The relative decline of American education at the elementary-and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation's future.Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world.Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations.For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well.They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements.Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied.What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher.Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess(and some people definitely do not).Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy.In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not.【譯文】

我們?yōu)槭裁幢仨毥型！安环Q職”的老師？

一直以來，美國初高中教育質(zhì)量的相對下降對整個(gè)民族的將來來說，不僅僅是窘境也是一種威脅。從前，美國學(xué)生比世界上任何一個(gè)國家的學(xué)生都更擅長于測試。而現(xiàn)在，與歐洲學(xué)校的孩子相比，美國學(xué)生的水平僅與立陶宛旗鼓相當(dāng)——被其他10個(gè)國家遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)甩開。

就過去這個(gè)時(shí)代而言，粗略來講，上個(gè)世紀(jì)的后五十年，教育界專家們認(rèn)為如果他們能找到正確的教學(xué)法，能用正確的方法給予教導(dǎo)，那么這種教育將是無可挑剔的。為此，他們嘗試過集論教學(xué)體系、開放式教室、全語學(xué)習(xí)，但是似乎看起來無一能取得意義深遠(yuǎn)或是持久的改善。

而在近些年來，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些看起來十分明顯，但卻由于各種各樣的原因而被忽視或否定的東西。他們認(rèn)為，造成這種差異的，比教學(xué)規(guī)模和教科書更為重要的，比教學(xué)方法或者科技手段更不容忽略的，是教師的質(zhì)量。教書育人的能力大多是與生俱來的，即激發(fā)朝氣蓬勃的思想、駕馭難以管教的班級。這種能力是一些人與生俱來的；很明顯，一些人并不具有這種品質(zhì)。在一定程度上，“教”是可以被傳授的，但這種“教”并不意味著就是許多所謂的教育學(xué)研究生院課上所教的那樣——灌輸?shù)拇蠖际切┛菰锓ξ肚绎L(fēng)馬牛不相及的理論和教學(xué)法?？傊@項(xiàng)研究表明，五年內(nèi)，你就可以辨別出哪些是優(yōu)秀的老師，而哪些并不是。

[評析] 本文是一篇新聞，難度適中。新聞稿的翻譯和散文不同，散文重點(diǎn)要突出原文的行文情感，文筆特點(diǎn)，而新聞稿的翻譯重點(diǎn)在于，突出內(nèi)容的客觀性和真實(shí)性，抓住主題和作者觀點(diǎn)。這篇新聞主要介紹了美國教育界的一些問題，作者的觀點(diǎn)是：在教育方面，教育法，教育硬件設(shè)置，甚至課程安排都不如老師水平來得重要。而教師的教學(xué)水平很大一部分是天生的。本篇翻譯的難度主要在于一些長難句的拆分，在面對這樣的長難句時(shí)，考生們首先應(yīng)該端正心態(tài)，然后運(yùn)用一些對美國教育的了解，以及邏輯思維，再加上語法知識，進(jìn)行分析。同時(shí)也出現(xiàn)了pedagogy，insipid，這樣的一些生詞，對于pedagogy這樣的反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的生詞，可以根據(jù)上下文來猜測，就是teaching method的意思。而一些insipid這樣的，不影響理解的修飾性的詞語，就可以暫時(shí)跳過，先抓住整篇文章的主旨?？偠灾瑢τ陂L難句的分析能力，是各位同學(xué)在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)英語過程中需要積累和鍛煉的一種能力，而談到單詞，也是需要大家平時(shí)多多廣泛閱讀來拓展詞匯量的。

【C—E】

越來越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性。中國的崛起，讓他們充分認(rèn)識到孩子掌握雙語的好處——既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。

這些人對中文的態(tài)度幾乎沒有完全改變。曾幾何時(shí)，他們還非常驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文。現(xiàn)在，他們已開始積極支持孩子學(xué)習(xí)中文和中國文化，而且還不時(shí)走訪中國，欣賞壯觀的自然風(fēng)光，認(rèn)識豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。

【譯文】

An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese.China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese.At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only.Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.[解析] 本段是一篇文化類介紹文章?？傮w難度一般，以句號結(jié)束的句子即可作為一個(gè)意群，考生基本不用自行判斷、劃分。文中的長句可使用中國考生特別熟悉的從句進(jìn)行翻譯，如第一句的“已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到??的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性”，就可以用從屬連詞while 連接，第一段的最后一句“掌握雙語的好處??”由which引導(dǎo)的定語從句也可迎刃而解。當(dāng)然，要翻譯好本段，選詞很重要。如第一句中“越來越多的華人父母認(rèn)識到??”，如果你和大多數(shù)人一樣，翻譯成“more and more parents?”就顯得很普通，而“an increasing number of?”則地道很多；又如第一段最后一句“既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西 方兩種不同的文化。”例文用了“enhance”和“facilitate”兩個(gè)詞，富于變化；文中許多考生容易使用副詞的地方，譯者都巧妙地運(yùn)用形容詞來替代，如將“積極支持”譯為“give full support to”，將“不時(shí)走訪”譯為“make occasional visits”，讀來原汁原味，彰顯了譯者扎實(shí)的翻譯功底，給考官留下了一個(gè)相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的印象，也為自己加分不少。

2012春季翻譯部分

【E—C】

When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation.It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch.This was in the late 1960′s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras.It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.我年輕那會兒，有一本非常好的雜志，叫做《環(huán)球目錄》，算得上我那一輩人的圣經(jīng)。創(chuàng)辦這本雜志的人名叫斯圖爾特·布蘭德，他就住在離這里不遠(yuǎn)的門羅公園。他用詩意的筆觸為這本雜志賦予了生命。那是六十年代，個(gè)人電腦和電腦出版還未普及，因此整本雜志都是用打字機(jī)、剪刀和拍立得相機(jī)完成的，可以成為紙質(zhì)版的谷歌搜索，但卻比谷歌早出現(xiàn)了35年。它是理想主義的化身，滿篇都是整潔的工具和偉大的觀點(diǎn)。

Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue.It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age.On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous.Beneath it were the words: “Stay Hungry.Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off.Stay Hungry.Stay Foolish.And I have always wished that for myself.And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.斯圖爾特和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)推出了幾期《環(huán)球目錄》，當(dāng)他們遇到瓶頸便出版了最后一期。當(dāng)時(shí)是70年代中期，那時(shí)的我和你們現(xiàn)在差不多大。最后一期的黑色封面上有一張照片，照片上是一條清晨的鄉(xiāng)間小路，是那種你搭車出游時(shí)一定能看見的小路，如果你有這樣的冒險(xiǎn)精神的話。照片下方有這樣一句話：“求知若渴，虛懷若愚?！边@是他們謝幕時(shí)留下的告別辭。保持饑餓，保持愚蠢。我一直都希望自己能做到這一點(diǎn)。現(xiàn)在，你們就要畢業(yè)了，我也希望你們能夠這樣做。

[點(diǎn)評] 這篇短文取自于喬布斯在斯坦福大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上的演講。語言比較口語化，詞匯不難。因?yàn)槭茄葜v類短文，所以考生在翻譯的時(shí)候大可以順序驅(qū)動。節(jié)選的這個(gè)短文有幾處的詞匯和短 語大家可以注意下： poetic：充滿詩情畫意的 idealistic: 理想主義的 run his course: 完成使命 hitchhiking: 搭乘

sign off: 停止簽發(fā)，停止

【C—E】

吸煙之危害，可謂大矣，其嚴(yán)重性是不能低估的。吸煙污染空氣，損害健康，使肺癌發(fā)病率大大增加。為了使各國人民關(guān)注煙草的盛行及預(yù)防吸煙導(dǎo)致的疾病和死亡，世界衛(wèi)生組織已將每年的5月31日定為“世界無煙日”。

癮君子們說，一天飯不吃可以，一個(gè)時(shí)辰不抽煙就難捱了，不能戒。只要真正意識到吸煙有百害而無一利，于人于己都是一種禍害，就有可能下決心擺脫煙草的誘惑。戒煙貴在堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持下去就是收獲。

【參考譯文】

Smoking does great harm to human and its gravity should not be underestimated.Smoking pollutes air, damages health, and increases the incidence of lung cancer.To arouse the awareness about the prevalence of tobacco in all the countries and to prevent smoking-induced diseases and deaths, the WHO(World Health Organization)has defined May 31st in every year as World No-Tobacco Day.The tobacco addicts say that smoking is impossible to quit because they could do without meals in a day but would feel tortured without tobacco in two hours.However, when one realizes that smoking is harmful in many ways but beneficial in no way and that it is a curse to others as well as to he himself, he will be determined to resist the temptation of tobacco.To quit smoking requires persistence and so long as one persists, he’ll be rewarded.[點(diǎn)評] 這篇文章的主題是大家都很熟悉的“戒煙”。開篇的一些比較文言化的詞如“之”，“矣”，以及后面的習(xí)語“有百害而無一利”，“于人于己”等完全是“紙老虎”，大家根本不用害怕，只要將句子的大意弄懂，然后用白話文譯出即可化解難題。另外如“世界衛(wèi)生組織”這樣的專有名詞，切記不要譯錯(cuò)，這種平時(shí)常見而考試?？嫉母哳l詞，必須牢記。

2012秋中口翻譯部分

【E—C】

For years, many Asian-Americans have been convinced that it's harder for them to gain admission to the nation's top colleges.Studies show that Asian-Americans meet these colleges' admissions standards far out of proportion to their 6 percent representation in the U.S.population, and that they often need test scores hundreds of points higher than applicants from other ethnic groups to have an equal chance of admission.Critics say these numbers, along with the fact that some top colleges with race-blind admissions have double the Asian percentage of Ivy League schools, prove the existence of discrimination.The way it works, the critics believe, is that Asian-Americans are evaluated not as individuals, but against the thousands of other ultra-achieving Asians who are stereotyped as boring academic robots.Of course, not all Asian-Americans fit this stereotype.They are not always obedient hard workers who get top marks.Their economic status, ancestral countries and customs vary.But compared with American society in general, Asian-Americans have developed a much stronger emphasis on intense academic preparation as a path to a handful of the very best schools.【譯文】

多年來，許多美籍亞裔深信在美國要想被頂尖級名校錄取，他們需要付出更加艱辛的努力。研究表明，美籍亞裔中達(dá)到這些大學(xué)的入學(xué)要求的人數(shù)的比例與他們所占 美國總?cè)丝诘陌俜种谋壤幌喾Q，并且要想獲得均等的入學(xué)機(jī)會，他們往往要考出比其他國家學(xué)生高出幾百分的成績。事實(shí)表明一些名牌大學(xué)在實(shí)行無種族歧視 的招生政策之后，使常春藤聯(lián)盟亞裔學(xué)生的招生比例翻了一番。評論家指出這些數(shù)據(jù)恰巧反映出歧視依然存在。評論家們認(rèn)為，這種方式之所以行得通，是因?yàn)槊兰畞喴釋W(xué)生并非作為個(gè)體被評估，而是被參照了許多做法極端的亞洲人而評估的，這些人為達(dá)到目的，刻板陳腐，像學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)器。當(dāng)然，并非每個(gè)亞裔學(xué)生都是這種類型的。有些人并非寒窗苦讀，名列前茅。他們的家庭條件，血統(tǒng)，風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣都不盡相同。但是總體來說，與一般的美國學(xué)生相比，亞裔學(xué)生更重視緊張的學(xué)業(yè)準(zhǔn)備，這也是他們擠進(jìn)那些頂尖名校的必經(jīng)之路。

[評析] 這篇文章略有難度。整段由三個(gè)長句組成。因此翻譯時(shí)要理清思路，弄清句子前后的邏輯關(guān)系。然后再下筆。

主要是第二個(gè)句子，數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較。一方是亞裔美籍能達(dá)到這些名校入學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所占比例，另一方是亞裔美籍人 占美國總?cè)丝诘谋壤?%，弄清這個(gè)關(guān)系，這句就不難翻譯了?！眆ar out of”指的是“與?(很)不成比例，與?(很)不相稱”。第二個(gè)句子后半句，比較的是亞裔美籍人入這些名校的分?jǐn)?shù)要比其他國家的人入這些學(xué)校要高出很多分，比較的是“不同民族不同分?jǐn)?shù)”這樣一個(gè)概念?！癶igher than”關(guān)鍵詞 最后一句話，要注意找準(zhǔn)句子主干，即“Critics say these numbers prove the existence of discrimination.”

【C—E】

近代以來，亞洲經(jīng)歷了曲折和艱難的發(fā)展歷程。亞洲人們?yōu)楦淖冏约旱拿\(yùn)，始終以不屈的意志和艱辛的奮斗開辟前進(jìn)道路。今天，人們所看到的亞洲發(fā)展成就，是勤勞智慧的亞洲人民不屈不撓、鍥而不舍奮斗的結(jié)果。

亞洲人民深知，世界上沒有放之四海而皆準(zhǔn)的發(fā)展模式，也沒有一成不變的發(fā)展道路，亞洲人民勇于變革創(chuàng)新，不斷開拓進(jìn)取，探索和開辟適應(yīng)時(shí)代潮流，符合自身實(shí)際的發(fā)展道路，為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展打開了廣闊前景。

【譯文】

In modern times, Asia experienced twists and turns in its development.To change their destiny, the people of Asia have been forging ahead in an indomitable spirit and with hard struggle.Asia's development achievements today are the result of the persistent efforts of the industrious and talented Asian people.The people of Asia are fully aware that there is no ready model or unchanging path of development that is universally applicable.They never shy away from reform and innovation.Instead, they are committed to exploring and finding development paths that are in line with the trend of the times and their own situations, and have opened up bright prospects for economic and social development.2013年春中口翻譯部分

【E—C】

If you’ve ever been on a jury, you might have noticed that a funny thing happens the minute you get behind closed doors.Everybody starts talking about themselves.They say what they would have done if they had been the plaintiff or the defendant.Being on a jury reminds me why I can’t tolerate talk radio.We Americans seem to have lost the ability to talk about anything but our own experiences.We can’t seem to generalize without stereotyping or to consider evidence that goes against our own experience.I heard a doctor on a radio show talking about a study that found that exercise reduces the incidence of Alzheimer’s.And caller after caller couldn’t wait to make essentially the opposite point: “Well, my grandmother never exercised and she lived to 95.” We are in an age summed up by the saying: “I experience, therefore I’m right.” Historically, the hallmarks of an uneducated person were the lack of ability to think critically, to use deductive reasoning to distinguish the personal from the universal.Now that seems an apt description of many Americans.【參考譯文】

如果你曾經(jīng)當(dāng)過陪審員，你可能會注意到一件有趣的事情：一旦關(guān)上了門，所有人就開始談?wù)撍麄冏约?。他們會討論，如果自己是原告或被告的話會做什么。?dān)任陪審員的經(jīng)歷讓我明白了我為什么無法忍受談話性的廣播節(jié)目。我們美國人似乎只剩下了談?wù)撟约航?jīng)歷的能力。我們似乎無法拋開固有的成見進(jìn)行總結(jié)，也無法客觀地分析與自身經(jīng)歷相悖的證據(jù)。

我曾聽過一位醫(yī)生在之聲節(jié)目上講述一項(xiàng)研究，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)鍛煉能降低阿茲海默癥（老年癡呆癥）的發(fā)病率。而此時(shí)聽眾的電話一個(gè)接著一個(gè)，紛紛迫不及待地表達(dá)反對意見：“嗯，我祖母從不鍛煉，但她活到了95歲?！蔽覀兩硖幍臅r(shí)代可以用一句話來總結(jié)：“我經(jīng)歷過，所以我是對的?！睔v史上，無知之人的典型特征就是缺乏進(jìn)行批判性思維、演繹推理和分辨?zhèn)€例與常態(tài)的能力。如今，用這句話描述許多美國人似乎恰如其分。

【C—E】

朝氣蓬勃，充滿活力，豐富多彩的上海是現(xiàn)代中國的縮影。雖然上海的文化遺跡不能與北京媲美，但是上海迷人的城市風(fēng)貌，風(fēng)格各異的萬國建筑為這座城市注入了無限的魅力。今日之上海，已經(jīng)成為享譽(yù)中外的國際大都市。

漫步在這座日新月異的現(xiàn)代大都市里，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)許多精彩的歷史亮點(diǎn)，隱現(xiàn)在眾多摩天大樓背后的是上海發(fā)展變化的軌跡。它們記述了上海自十九世紀(jì)末開埠以來，尤其是新中國成立以后，是如何迅猛發(fā)展的。

【參考譯文】

Shanghai is a dynamic, diverse and stimulating city the very epitome of modern China.Though Shanghai cannot rival Beijing in cultural heritage, its varied architectural styles and cosmopolitan feel give it a charm of its own.Today's Shanghai has become a world-famous international metropolis.A walk through this booming city reveals many glimpses of its colorful past.Hidden amongst the skyscrapers are remains of the original Shanghai.They keep on showing how Shanghai has been developing fast and enormously since its opening as a commercial port in the late 19th century, especially after the founding of new China.【評析】

該篇翻譯屬于經(jīng)典話題，類似于上海城市介紹，考生如果熟悉教材，注意積累相關(guān)句型詞匯，特別是對“朝氣蓬勃、充滿活力dynamic, diverse and stimulating、縮影epitome、遺跡 heritage、城市風(fēng)貌cosmopolitan feel、萬國建筑varied architectural styles”等?？嫉谋磉_(dá)，應(yīng)該可以順利取得高分。

第五篇：高級口譯真題翻譯部分答案及講評

TRANSLATION TEST(30 minutes)

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.The line of demarcation between the adult and the child world is drawn in many ways.For instance, many American parents may be totally divorced from the church, or entertain grave doubts about the existence of God, but they send their children to Sunday school and help them to pray.American parents struggle in a competitive world where sheer cunning and falsehood are often rewarded and respected, but they feed their children with nursery tales in which the morally good is pitted against the bad, and in the end the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished.When American parents are in serious domestic trouble, they maintain a front of sweetness and light before their children.Even if American parents suffer a major business or personal catastrophe , they feel obliged to turn to their children and say,” Honey, everything is going to be all right.” This American desire to keep the children’s world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident.Thus, in summary, American parents face a world of reality while many of their children live in a near-ideal unreal realm where the rules of the parental world do not apply, are watered down, or are even reversed.分析：

① The line of demarcation between the adult and the child world is drawn in many ways.譯文：成人與兒童世界的劃分是多方面的。// 劃分成人與兒童世界有很多方式。

考點(diǎn)： 轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：主被交換

② For instance, many American parents may be totally divorced from the church, or entertain grave doubts about the existence of God, but they send their children to Sunday school and help them to pray.譯文：例如 / 比方說，許多美國家長可能跟教會毫無瓜葛 / 不信教，對上帝是否存在也不置可否 / 深表懷疑，然而他們卻把孩子們送去主日學(xué)校（灌輸宗教思想），并幫助他們禱告。

考點(diǎn)： 正反譯法： be totally divorced from → 脫離（正譯）

→與……毫無瓜葛

entertain grave doubt about →深表懷疑（正譯）

→對……不置可否（反譯）

divorce: separate sth from sth in a wrong way.使脫離

may →可能

抽象譯法： church →教會

轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：省略被動詞： be totally divorced from → 脫離

entertain: hold sth in the mind or feelings 持有；抱著；懷有

eg.entertain ideas, doubts, etc.持有想法；感到懷疑

名詞詞組譯為分句： the existence of God →上帝是否存在Sunday school → 主日學(xué)校：通常與教堂或猶太教堂有緊密聯(lián)系的學(xué)校，在星期日對兒童進(jìn)行宗教教育。

③ American parents struggle in a competitive world where sheer cunning and falsehood are often rewarded and respected, but they feed their children with nursery tales(in which the morally good is pitted against the bad, and in the end the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished).譯文：美國家長在一個(gè)爾虞我詐備受推崇的競爭世界中努力打拼，卻用童話故事敷衍 / 搪塞孩子們，故事 / 從中講述正義與邪惡作斗爭，最終總是善有善報(bào)、惡有惡報(bào) / 正義取得勝利而邪惡受到懲罰。

考點(diǎn)： 具體譯法：成語法： sheer cunning and falsehood → 爾虞我詐

轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：省略被動詞： are often rewarded and respected → 備受推崇

is pitted →作斗爭

the bad inevitably punished → 邪惡受到懲罰

定語從句的翻譯：省略法/重復(fù)法

轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：形容詞→名詞 the good→ 正義 the bad→ 邪惡

形容詞 →動詞 the good inevitably is successful→ 善有善報(bào)；正義取得勝利

合詞譯法： rewarded and respected→ 備受推崇

nursery tale: fairy tale 童話故事

④ When American parents are in serious domestic trouble, they maintain a front of sweetness and light before their children.譯文：如果美國夫妻鬧矛盾 / 在美國，夫妻失和時(shí)，他們在孩子面前卻是一副其樂融融的樣子。

考點(diǎn)： front: ⑴ out-ward appearance or show, esp.of the specified type 外表；樣子；模樣

put on/show/present a bold front → 裝出大膽的樣子

eg.Her rudeness is just a front for her shyness.她的粗暴只不過是掩蓋她的怯懦而已。

⑵ a front for sth : something that serves to hide an illegal or a secret activity 幌子

eg.The jewellery firm is just a front for their illegal trade in diamonds.珠寶商店正是他們進(jìn)行鉆石非法交易的庇護(hù)所。

⑶（常與形容詞或名詞連用）領(lǐng)域；界 on the domestic, financial, education, etc.front 在家庭（財(cái)政、教育）領(lǐng)域

合詞譯法： sweetness and light →其樂融融；和藹可親

轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：名詞→形容詞 sweetness and light →其樂融融；和藹可親

⑤ Even if American parents suffer a major business or personal catastrophe, they feel obliged to turn to their children and say,” Honey, everything is going to be all right.”

譯文：即便美國家長在生意場或日常生活中遭受沉重打擊 / 一敗涂地，他們也會義無反顧地對孩子們說：“親愛的 / 寶貝，一切將會好起來的?！?/p>

考點(diǎn)： catastrophe: a complete failure;a fiasco: 大敗；徹底的失敗；慘敗

（同）： disaster, calamity, cataclysm, blow, reverse, misfortune, affliction, adversity, tragedy, mishap, fiasco, flop（反）： triumph

⑥ This American desire to keep the children’s world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident.譯文一：如果父母在事故中喪生，人們總是晚些時(shí)候才告訴孩子們，這一點(diǎn)也證實(shí)了美國人想把兒童的世界和成人的世界隔離開的愿望。

譯文二：美國人想把兒童和成人的世界劃清界限，這一愿望還反映在以下事實(shí)：如果父母在事故中喪生，人們總是設(shè)法晚點(diǎn)將消息告訴他們的子女。

考點(diǎn)： 換序譯法：賓語先行，主語置后。

轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：形容詞→動詞 separate →隔離；劃清界線

名詞→副詞 practice →總是

轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：主被交換： is exemplified also by → 這一點(diǎn)也證實(shí)了

省略被動詞： have been killed →喪生

exemplify（同）： illustrate, show, instance, demonstrate, exhibit, manifest, represent, embody

⑦ Thus, in summary, American parents face a world of reality while many of their children live in a near-ideal unreal realm where the rules of the parental world do not apply, are watered down, or are even reversed.譯文：總而言之，美國父母們面對著現(xiàn)實(shí)的世界，而他們的子女卻活在近乎完美 / 理想化的虛幻世界，在這個(gè)世界中，父母生活的世界中的規(guī)則統(tǒng)統(tǒng)不適用，而且規(guī)則的執(zhí)行是要打折扣的 // 而且不可能完全執(zhí)行，甚至兩者背道而馳。

考點(diǎn)： 正反譯法： unreal →不真實(shí)（正譯）

→虛幻（反譯）

watered down →打折扣（正譯）

→不可能完全執(zhí)行（反譯）

water down: to reduce the strength or effectiveness of:

削弱：削減了…的力量或效力：

轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：名詞→形容詞 reality →現(xiàn)實(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：省略被動詞： are watered down→ 是要打折扣的are even reversed → 甚至兩者背道而馳