第一篇：2015年深圳市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科說(shuō)明.pdf

2015 年深圳市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試

初中畢業(yè)生達(dá)到《義務(wù)教育數(shù)學(xué)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（2011 年版）》（以下簡(jiǎn)稱《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》）所規(guī)定 的數(shù)學(xué)

數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科說(shuō)明

深圳市初中數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)考試，是義務(wù)教育階段的終結(jié)性考試，目的是全面、準(zhǔn)確地評(píng)估

畢業(yè)水平的程度，是高中階段學(xué)校招生的重要依據(jù)之一。

一、考試命題的指導(dǎo)思想

1．?dāng)?shù)學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)考試體現(xiàn)《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的評(píng)價(jià)理念，引導(dǎo)和促進(jìn)數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)全面落實(shí)《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》所

設(shè)立的課程目標(biāo)，改善學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)方式、豐富學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)、提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)

學(xué)的效益和效率，有利于高中階段學(xué)校綜合、有效地評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)狀況。

2．?dāng)?shù)學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)考試既重視對(duì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)與技能的結(jié)果和過(guò)程的評(píng)價(jià)，也重視對(duì)

學(xué)生在數(shù)學(xué)思考能力和解決問(wèn)題能力方面發(fā)展?fàn)顩r的評(píng)價(jià)，還重視對(duì)學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)認(rèn)識(shí)水平的

評(píng)價(jià)。

3．?dāng)?shù)學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)考試命題面向全體學(xué)生，根據(jù)學(xué)生的年齡特征、個(gè)性特點(diǎn)和生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)編制

試題，使具有不同的數(shù)學(xué)認(rèn)知特點(diǎn)、不同的數(shù)學(xué)發(fā)展程度的學(xué)生都能表現(xiàn)自己的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)

狀況，力求公正、客觀、全面、準(zhǔn)確地評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生通過(guò)義務(wù)教育階段的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)所獲得相應(yīng)

發(fā)展。

二、考試命題原則

數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科畢業(yè)考試的命題遵循以下基本原則。

1．考查內(nèi)容依據(jù)《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》，體現(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)性。

命題突出對(duì)學(xué)生基本數(shù)學(xué)素養(yǎng)的評(píng)價(jià)。試題首先關(guān)注《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中最基礎(chǔ)和最核心的內(nèi)

容，即所有學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)和應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)解決問(wèn)題過(guò)程中最為重要的、必須掌握的核心觀念、思想方法，基本概念和常用的技能。所有試題求解過(guò)程中所涉及的知識(shí)與技能以《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》

為依據(jù)，不擴(kuò)展范圍與提高要求。

2．試題素材、求解方式等體現(xiàn)公平性。

數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)考試的內(nèi)容、試題素材和試卷形式對(duì)每一位學(xué)生是公平的。試題不需要特殊背 景知識(shí)也能夠理解。對(duì)于具有特殊才能和需要特殊幫助的學(xué)生，試題允許學(xué)生用各自的數(shù) 學(xué)認(rèn)知特征、已有的數(shù)學(xué)活動(dòng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，來(lái)表達(dá)自己的數(shù)學(xué)才能。制定評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)系統(tǒng)時(shí)以開(kāi)放 的態(tài)度對(duì)待合理的、但沒(méi)有預(yù)見(jiàn)到的答案形式，尊重不同的解答方法和表述方式。

3．試題背景具有現(xiàn)實(shí)性。

試題背景來(lái)自于學(xué)生所能理解的生活現(xiàn)實(shí)，符合學(xué)業(yè)所具有的數(shù)學(xué)現(xiàn)實(shí)和其它學(xué)科現(xiàn)

實(shí)。應(yīng)用性問(wèn)題的題材具有鮮明的時(shí)代特征，能夠在學(xué)生的生活中找到原型。

4．試卷具備有效性。

數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)考試試卷應(yīng)當(dāng)有效地反映學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)狀況，以下幾點(diǎn)應(yīng)當(dāng)特別注意：

(1)關(guān)注對(duì)學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)各個(gè)方面的考查，既有對(duì)學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)果的考查，也包括

對(duì)學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程的考查；既有對(duì)學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)思維水平的考查，也包括對(duì)學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)思維特

征的考查。

(2)試卷形式以選擇題、填空題、計(jì)算（求解）題、證明題、應(yīng)用性問(wèn)題、閱讀分析

題、探索性問(wèn)題和開(kāi)放性問(wèn)題為主要題型。

(3)試題的求解過(guò)程反映《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》所倡導(dǎo)的數(shù)學(xué)活動(dòng)方式，如觀察、實(shí)驗(yàn)、猜測(cè)、驗(yàn)

證、推理等等，而不僅僅是記憶、模仿與熟練。

三、考試內(nèi)容

數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)考試的考查內(nèi)容以《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中的“內(nèi)容標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”為基本依據(jù)?？荚噧?nèi)容包括：

基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)與基本技能；數(shù)學(xué)活動(dòng)過(guò)程；數(shù)學(xué)思考；解決問(wèn)題能力；對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的基本認(rèn)識(shí)等。

具體如下：

1．基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)與基本技能考試的主要內(nèi)容：

了解數(shù)產(chǎn)生的意義，理解代數(shù)運(yùn)算的意義、算理，能夠合理地進(jìn)行基本運(yùn)算與估算；

能夠在實(shí)際情境中有效地使用代數(shù)運(yùn)算、代數(shù)模型及相關(guān)概念解決問(wèn)題；

能夠借助不同的方法探索幾何對(duì)象的有關(guān)性質(zhì)；能夠使用不同的方式表達(dá)幾何對(duì)象的

大小、位置與特征；能夠在頭腦里構(gòu)建幾何對(duì)象，進(jìn)行幾何圖形的分解與組合；

能對(duì)某些圖形進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的變換；能夠借助數(shù)學(xué)證明的方法確認(rèn)數(shù)學(xué)命題的正確性； 正確理解數(shù)據(jù)的含義，能夠結(jié)合實(shí)際需要有效地表達(dá)數(shù)據(jù)特征，會(huì)根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果做合

理的預(yù)測(cè)；了解概率的涵義，能夠借助概率模型、或通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)活動(dòng)解釋一些事件發(fā)生的概

率。

2．“數(shù)學(xué)活動(dòng)過(guò)程”考查的主要方面：

數(shù)學(xué)活動(dòng)過(guò)程中所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的思維方式、思維水平，對(duì)活動(dòng)對(duì)象、相關(guān)知識(shí)與方法的

理解深度；從事探究與交流的意識(shí)、能力和信心等。

3．“數(shù)學(xué)思考”考查的主要方面：

學(xué)生在數(shù)感、符號(hào)意識(shí)、空間觀念、幾何直觀、數(shù)據(jù)分析觀念、運(yùn)算能力、推理能力、模型思想、應(yīng)用意識(shí)和創(chuàng)新意識(shí)等方面的發(fā)展情況，其內(nèi)容主要包括：能用數(shù)來(lái)表達(dá)和交 流信息；能夠使用符號(hào)表達(dá)數(shù)量關(guān)系，并借助符號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換獲得對(duì)事物的理解；能夠觀察到現(xiàn) 實(shí)生活中的基本幾何現(xiàn)象；能夠運(yùn)用圖形形象地表達(dá)問(wèn)題、借助直觀進(jìn)行思考與推理；能 意識(shí)到做一個(gè)合理的決策需要借助統(tǒng)計(jì)活動(dòng)去收集信息；

面對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)能對(duì)它的來(lái)源、處理方法和由此而得到的推測(cè)性結(jié)論做合理的質(zhì)疑；面對(duì)

現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題時(shí)，能主動(dòng)嘗試從數(shù)學(xué)角度、用數(shù)學(xué)思維方法去尋求解決問(wèn)題的策略；

能通過(guò)觀察、實(shí)驗(yàn)、歸納、類比等活動(dòng)獲得數(shù)學(xué)猜想，并尋求證明猜想的合理性等等。

4．“解決問(wèn)題能力”考查的主要方面：

能從數(shù)學(xué)角度提出問(wèn)題、理解問(wèn)題、并綜合運(yùn)用數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)解決問(wèn)題；具有一定的解決

問(wèn)題的基本策略。

5．“對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的基本認(rèn)識(shí)”考查的主要方面：

對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)內(nèi)部統(tǒng)一性的認(rèn)識(shí)（不同數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)之間的聯(lián)系、不同數(shù)學(xué)方法之間的相似性等）；

對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)與現(xiàn)實(shí)、或其他學(xué)科知識(shí)之間聯(lián)系的認(rèn)識(shí)等等。

四、考試形式與試卷結(jié)構(gòu)

數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)考試采用書(shū)面閉卷考試的形式。

試卷結(jié)構(gòu)為：全卷滿分為 100 分，考試時(shí)間為 90 分鐘。

數(shù)與代數(shù)、空間與圖形、統(tǒng)計(jì)與概率、實(shí)踐與綜合四個(gè)領(lǐng)域在試題中所占的比重與它

們?cè)诮虒W(xué)中所占課時(shí)的百分比大致相同，數(shù)與代數(shù)約占 45%，空間與圖形約占

35%．統(tǒng)計(jì)

與概率約占 15%，實(shí)踐與綜合約占 50%。

試題題型將有如下形式：選擇題、填空題、計(jì)算（求解）題、證明題、應(yīng)用性問(wèn)題、閱讀分析題、探索性問(wèn)題、開(kāi)放性問(wèn)題等。

試題按其難度分為容易題、中等題和難題，三種試題分值之比約為 5:3:2。

五、．試題類型與樣卷

數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)考試的命題以《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》為基本依據(jù)，參照《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中“評(píng)價(jià)建議”的要求，充分發(fā)揮各種已有題型的功能，其基本原則為以下幾個(gè)方面：

(1)考查內(nèi)容的重心是《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中最基礎(chǔ)和最核心的內(nèi)容。即對(duì)所有學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，在他

們學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)和應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)解決問(wèn)題過(guò)程中是最重要的、必須掌握的核心觀念，重要的思想

方

法、基本的概念，常用的技能。不出現(xiàn)“繁、偏、『日”試題。

(2)科學(xué)性與合理性，既包括它在數(shù)學(xué)方面是正確的，又包括它所描述的問(wèn)題情境是

合理的、而非臆造的。

(3)準(zhǔn)確、簡(jiǎn)潔、可讀性，確保試題不產(chǎn)生歧義。具體表述時(shí)可以是抽象的數(shù)學(xué)語(yǔ)言，也可以是形象化的語(yǔ)言和符號(hào)；不造成文字量過(guò)多而提高題目的“難度”；試題的表達(dá) 應(yīng)符

合初中畢業(yè)生的閱讀習(xí)慣。

(4)試題的“難度”不反映在對(duì)某個(gè)具體技巧的掌握及熟練程度、或者問(wèn)題本身的復(fù)

雜程度上，而是反映在對(duì)學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)思維水平（如抽象程度、多樣化、邏輯性、形象化

等）

和對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的理解與應(yīng)用能力（如能否洞察較為深刻的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系、數(shù)學(xué)特征，用數(shù)學(xué)解

決問(wèn)

題時(shí)的策略有效性等）等方面的考查上。具體題型的命題要求如下：

1．選擇題與填空題 這兩類試題只要求學(xué)生給出問(wèn)題的最終答案，并只依據(jù)學(xué)生提出的最終答案評(píng)判學(xué)生

解答這類題目正確與否。

這兩類試題可以用于特定基本數(shù)學(xué)事實(shí)、數(shù)學(xué)技能的考查，試題可以用多種表達(dá)方式，包括文字、圖像與代數(shù)符號(hào)等陳述。

2．計(jì)算（求解）類問(wèn)題

這類試題的目標(biāo)清晰，對(duì)解決問(wèn)題過(guò)程中所需要的數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)、方法有較明確的提示。

解題過(guò)程中學(xué)生需要做的主要活動(dòng)是回憶、嚴(yán)格按照程序操作不出無(wú)意識(shí)錯(cuò)誤等。這

類試

題通常用于對(duì)一些數(shù)學(xué)公式、數(shù)學(xué)技能的熟悉與熟練情況的考查，這一類試題的運(yùn)算 種類、步驟、復(fù)雜程度均不超過(guò)《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的要求。

3．證明題

這類試題所涉及的活動(dòng)既有尋找這些數(shù)學(xué)邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)的探索性活動(dòng)，也有對(duì)相關(guān)數(shù)學(xué)證

明方法、證明技巧的有效應(yīng)用，甚至還蘊(yùn)涵對(duì)問(wèn)題不同角度的理解、不同方式的表達(dá)等等。

這類試題用于考查學(xué)生邏輯推理能力、邏輯關(guān)系的尋求和把握狀況、對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)證明的過(guò)

程與方法的理解和掌握情況。

證明試題首先在于由條件和結(jié)論所構(gòu)成的命題具有價(jià)值；其次是求解策略的空間比較 大——可以通過(guò)對(duì)試題采用不同的認(rèn)識(shí)角度，而獲得不同的證明思路；再就是基本的證明 過(guò)程應(yīng)當(dāng)能夠反映學(xué)生對(duì)相應(yīng)數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)或方法的理解水平。試題在表達(dá)的清晰性、準(zhǔn)確性 等方面需要注意以外，還應(yīng)注意試題的“難度”，不宜落實(shí)在是否能夠找到那個(gè)特定的證 明模式上（如輔助線、代數(shù)表達(dá)式、特殊數(shù)值）或者知道某個(gè)特定的技巧上。另外，對(duì)于 每一步的理由說(shuō)明也不做要求。

4．應(yīng)用題

此類問(wèn)題有利于考查學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)建模的能力、對(duì)相應(yīng)知識(shí)與方法的理解水平、解決問(wèn)題 的意識(shí)與能力，這類試題的命制原則包括以下幾點(diǎn)：

(1)問(wèn)題背景是現(xiàn)實(shí)的，如關(guān)于資源、環(huán)境、其他學(xué)科活動(dòng)、經(jīng)濟(jì)生活、數(shù)學(xué)游戲或

而不是脫離生活實(shí)際的、人為編造的情境。

(2)內(nèi)容以及敘述方式是可理解的，不需要學(xué)生已經(jīng)擁有一些特定的背景知識(shí)或技能(除非事先給出解釋)。

(3)內(nèi)涵是豐富且有價(jià)值的，即問(wèn)題本身或求解過(guò)程中涉及豐富而重要的數(shù)學(xué)概念、數(shù)學(xué)思想方法。5．閱讀分析題

這類試題用于評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)數(shù)學(xué)、理解數(shù)學(xué)以及數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的能力；考查學(xué)生尋求具體對(duì)象的數(shù)學(xué)性質(zhì)、對(duì)象之間的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系、對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)的理解水平以及數(shù)學(xué)方法的應(yīng)用水平等；還用于考查學(xué)生獲取圖表所含數(shù)學(xué)信息的能力，從已有信息中做出合理推斷的能力，其基本原則如下：

(1)問(wèn)題背景隱含重要數(shù)學(xué)概念、性質(zhì)或關(guān)系，素材來(lái)源于生活、來(lái)源于數(shù)學(xué)或其他學(xué)科。

(2)問(wèn)題以新的數(shù)學(xué)為對(duì)象，包括概念、法則、公式、命題等為主要對(duì)象。問(wèn)題本身或求解關(guān)注對(duì)變化對(duì)象的研究、對(duì)變化關(guān)系的理解，不以求未知量為所有研究對(duì)象。

(3)問(wèn)題的挑戰(zhàn)性落實(shí)在研究數(shù)學(xué)意義上，而不是閱讀方面的障礙導(dǎo)致學(xué)生解答困難。

(4)通過(guò)閱讀圖表獲得的信息應(yīng)當(dāng)超越借助代數(shù)運(yùn)算獲得的結(jié)果，用于考查學(xué)生對(duì)相應(yīng)數(shù)學(xué)對(duì)象的整體把握水平，包括估算能力，要求學(xué)生做一些合理的預(yù)測(cè)和推斷。

6．探索題

這類試題用于考查學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)實(shí)踐能力、探索能力，考查學(xué)生“做數(shù)學(xué)”與從事“數(shù)學(xué)化”活動(dòng)的能力；評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生從事歸納、類比、概括、推理等思維活動(dòng)的水平，以及對(duì)自我數(shù)

學(xué)活動(dòng)過(guò)程與結(jié)論的反思能力等，其基本要求如下：

(I)試題背景具有實(shí)質(zhì)性意義，而不僅僅將探索對(duì)象歸結(jié)為對(duì)一列數(shù)字特征的歸納。

(2)試題的求解過(guò)程體現(xiàn)策略多樣化的特點(diǎn)，允許借助直覺(jué)思維、或?qū)?wèn)題的整體把握而直接獲得合理的猜測(cè)。

(3)試題中的設(shè)問(wèn)能引發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)自我思考過(guò)程、而不僅僅是對(duì)結(jié)果的反思。

(4)試題的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)充分考慮到多種合理性答案及評(píng)分規(guī)定，沒(méi)有科學(xué)性錯(cuò)誤。

7．開(kāi)放性問(wèn)題

這類試題能給每一位學(xué)生提供用自己掌握的知識(shí)、熟悉的方式去表達(dá)對(duì)問(wèn)題的理解的機(jī)會(huì)，用于考查學(xué)生直覺(jué)思維和發(fā)散思維的活動(dòng)水平，從而能夠較全面地推斷學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)狀況。這類試題的命題基本要求如下：

(1)問(wèn)題的“開(kāi)放性”落實(shí)在問(wèn)題所提供的條件具有不確定，解決問(wèn)題的策略多樣化、不同但合理的答案?jìng)€(gè)數(shù)不確定(不是僅僅指答案?jìng)€(gè)數(shù)多于1)、問(wèn)題結(jié)構(gòu)的可改變性等方面。

(2)能使所有的學(xué)生都能夠給出自己對(duì)問(wèn)題的理解、解答。合理的解答包括在數(shù)學(xué)上程度不同、在思維水平上存在差異、在表述形式上多樣的答案。

(3)問(wèn)題本身或求解過(guò)程中涉及豐富而重要的數(shù)學(xué)概念、數(shù)學(xué)思想方法：有利于學(xué)生從事有價(jià)值的數(shù)學(xué)活動(dòng)——觀察、實(shí)驗(yàn)、猜測(cè)、驗(yàn)證、推理等。而要注意的是，此類試題存在著標(biāo)準(zhǔn)難于制定和對(duì)閱卷數(shù)學(xué)教師素養(yǎng)要求較高等方面的問(wèn)題。

第二篇：2018年呼倫貝爾市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試說(shuō)明

2018年呼倫貝爾市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試說(shuō)明

一、考試性質(zhì)

2018年初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試是義務(wù)教育階段的終結(jié)性考試?；瘜W(xué)科考試將滲透以促進(jìn)學(xué)生全面發(fā)展為本的現(xiàn)代教育理念，突出基礎(chǔ)性，體現(xiàn)科學(xué)性，注重創(chuàng)新性、適切性?？疾閷W(xué)生獲得進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)和發(fā)展所需要的化學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和基本技能，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)化學(xué)在促進(jìn)社會(huì)發(fā)展和提高人類生活質(zhì)量方面的重要作用；考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用化學(xué)知識(shí)和科學(xué)方法來(lái)分析和解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的能力，以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的社會(huì)責(zé)任感，立足學(xué)生未來(lái)的發(fā)展。

二、命題依據(jù)

以教育部《全日制義務(wù)教育化學(xué)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（實(shí)驗(yàn)稿）》為命題依據(jù)。

三、命題原則

1、做到有利于課程改革的深入實(shí)施，有利于教育思想和教學(xué)方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新精神和實(shí)踐能力，有利于高中階段學(xué)校選拔新生和學(xué)生素質(zhì)的全面提高。

2、遵循《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》。本次考試化學(xué)科以國(guó)家教育部的《全日制義務(wù)教育化學(xué)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（實(shí)驗(yàn)稿）》為依據(jù)，緊扣教材，在嚴(yán)格遵循《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的前提下，編制試題。

3、遵循課改精神。適應(yīng)基礎(chǔ)教育課程改革形勢(shì)，力求比較全面地考查學(xué)生所掌握的化學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和基本技能，同時(shí)考查蘊(yùn)含在其中的過(guò)程與方法、情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀。

四、命題基本思路

1、重視基礎(chǔ)。注重在具體情境中考查學(xué)生的“雙基”，體現(xiàn)學(xué)科特點(diǎn)。對(duì)于化學(xué)學(xué)科的一些專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)（如“蒸餾”、“過(guò)濾”、“蒸發(fā)”等）要求學(xué)生能夠準(zhǔn)確書(shū)寫(xiě)。

2、關(guān)注實(shí)驗(yàn)與探究。在考查學(xué)生實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的同時(shí)（要求學(xué)生能夠準(zhǔn)確書(shū)寫(xiě)儀器名稱），加強(qiáng)對(duì)學(xué)生科學(xué)探究能力的考查。

3、聯(lián)系實(shí)際。注意聯(lián)系生活實(shí)際，從日常生活的常見(jiàn)現(xiàn)象中選擇試題素材，體現(xiàn)化學(xué)就在我身邊、身邊處處有化學(xué)。引導(dǎo)師生主動(dòng)關(guān)心人類面臨的與化學(xué)有關(guān)的重大社會(huì)問(wèn)題，關(guān)心我國(guó)及世界各地發(fā)生的與化學(xué)有關(guān)的重大事件，關(guān)心人類的生存環(huán)境。

4、促進(jìn)學(xué)生發(fā)展。有意識(shí)的考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用化學(xué)知識(shí)提出問(wèn)題、分析問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的能力，為多數(shù)學(xué)生后續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)和一生成長(zhǎng)打基礎(chǔ)，同時(shí)弘揚(yáng)學(xué)生個(gè)性。

五、考試形式和試卷結(jié)構(gòu)

1、閉卷，筆試，化學(xué)試題滿分為50分，與物理共120分。理化考試時(shí)間共120分鐘。

2、題型主要有選擇、填空與簡(jiǎn)答、實(shí)驗(yàn)與探究、計(jì)算與分析四種類型。其中選擇題分值分配比例約為25%。

3、從知識(shí)和技能的角度分析所占比例約為：基本概念和基本原理20%、身邊的化學(xué)物質(zhì)30%、化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)與探究35%、化學(xué)計(jì)算與分析15%。

4、試題難易比例：易、中、難題比例約為6∶3∶1。分頁(yè)：第[1] [2][3]頁(yè)

第三篇：深圳市2014年初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試-

第一部分 選擇題（65分）

選擇填空（20分）

i 從下面每小題的A, B，C, D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以替換劃線部分的最佳選項(xiàng)（共5小題，每題1分）

1.A luckilyB carefullyC widelyD excitedly

2.A here and thereB farther and fartherC more or lessD quickly or slowly

3.A make---dryB make---cleanC make---perfectD make---beautiful

4.A play withB talk withC deal withD work with

5.A very angryB very happyC very amazedD very disappointed

ii 從下面每小題的A，B, C, D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)（共15小題，每小題1分）

6.--The MP5 player is very useful while you learn _________ English.--I agree.I have decided to buy _________ MP5 player.A /, anB a;aC an;anD the;a

7.--_________ will you stay in that city?

--_________.A How long ,For ten days.B How soon, In ten days

C How far, Ten days? walkD How often;Once a day

8.--I heard they went skiing in the mountains las t winter.--It _________ be true because there was _________ snow there last year.A would?t;fewB couldn?t ? littleC shouldn?t;a fewD mustn?t;a little

9.I can?t _________ Maria from here twin sister Jane.--Well, that?s easy.Maria is _________ of the two.A tell;thinnerB save;thinnestC tell, the thinnerD save, the thinnest

10.--Peter, where does Miss Li live?

--She lives in a _________ building, and she lives on the _________ floor.A forty floors, fortyB forty-floor, fortyB forty floors, fortiethD forty-floor, fortieth

11.--The Chef, the Actor, the Scoundrel is _________ film.Would you like to see ti with me?

--Thank you very much , but I _________ it already.A so interesting, seeB so interesting a , have seen

C such interesting, sawD such an interesting , had seen

12.--What would you like to have , noodles _________ porridge?

--_________.Just do as you like.A or, NeitherB or, EitherC and, NeitherD and, Either

13.--I hear the old man wants to walk more easily by using this stick.--Yeah.Let?s try _________ best to make his dream _________.A my;come outB me;come upC us;come onD our;come true

14.--He _________our school for two weeks.--Well, two weeks _________ quite a long time.We should help him with his lessons.A has left, isB have left, areC has been away from, isD have been away from, are

15.--Do you prefer tea _________ coffee?

--Yes, I _________ coffee often, but now I have tea only.A with, used to havingB to, used to haveC or, am used to haveD and, am used to having

16.--_________ great news it is!The little boy was found alive after the accident.--Yeah, the news is so _________.A What a, excitedB How a, excitedC What , excitingD How , exciting

17.--She won?t study English well _________ she changes her ways of studying.--But there are many different ways _________ us to study English well.Maybe this way is the best for her.A unless, forB unless, ofC if, toD if, for

18.--Have the police caught the thief _________ stole some money from the woman last week?

--Yes.He _________ yesterday.A that, caughtB whom, was caughtC who, was caughtD which , caught

19.--I found _________ hard to communicate with foreigners.What should I do ?

--lose heart.Keep on listening to the English news and you?ll improve your oral English.A it;NotB it, Don?tC that, Won?tD this , No

20.--What did the teacher say just now?

--She asked us _________.A how did we find the way to the museum.B what shall we do for the coming weekend

C why Tom made so many mistakesD when are we going to plant trees

完形填空

I am a student in the Northwest School now.I am from Hong Kong.I have been here for three years.And I have taken a lot of interesting ____21_____.I like English classes best.My English _____22____ is very nice.She helps me a lot with my English essays.Every time I have questions about my essay, she will ___23______ me patiently and help to make the essays better.Now, I am very happy that I can write an essay well in English.It?s fun and _____24____ to learn English in the Northwest School.Physics classes in the Northwest School are really _____25____ those in my old school.We can do a lot of ____26_____.For example, we build our own water rockets.We use empty coke bottles and use plastic fans to make a water rocket, ___27______ can fly very high.We learn about hins not only from books, but also from experience.That?s why I _____28____ physics classes so much.I have also learned a lot of different skills in the ____29_____ classes.In world dancing, I have learned many different countries?______30___.In photography, I have learned how to take photos.And the most important hing is that I hae fun in art classes.21.A busesB photosC sportsD classes

22.A friendB doctorC teacherD neighbour

23.A teachB persuadeC influenceD change

24.A hardB boringC easyD wrong

25.A pleased withB different formC famous forD interested in

26.A testsB businessC experimentsD calculation

27.A whichB whatC howD whom

28.A dislikeB liveC missD understand

29.A mathsB physicsC photographyD art

30.A worksB drawingsC dancesD songs

閱讀理解

A

Mum hates.Dad forgets.Brothers and sisters never care.Friends lie.People laugh.Even your dog turns away.You feel lost.Nobody helps.You talk.Nobody listens.On Helpline: You talk, we listen

We listen to all you would like to share.It costs nothing to ask for help.Call 911911 anytime, from Monday to Sunday.Carefree Helpline cares for you, day and night.To talk face to face, please call 122133.31.What can we learn about Carefree Helpline?

A They listen to people in troubleB They help homeless dogs

C They collect money for people in need.D They mainly give advice to parents.32.What does “your dog turns away” mean in the reading ?

A Your dog runs away from home.B Your dog does not care about you.C Your dog bites other people.D Your dog cannot find tis way home.33.When can people call Carefree Helpline?

A Only on MondayB Only on SundayC Only on weekendsD Anytime, any day

34.If you want to talk face to face with them, you can call _________.A 999999B 911911C 122133 D 122122

35.In which page of a newspaper can you most probably find the reading?

A NewsB AdvertisementC BusinessD Science & Health

B

Firefighter Regina Wilson works in Brooklyn, New York.A reporter is asking Regina questions about how she does her job.Reporter: How long have you been a firefighter?

Wilson: Eight years

Reporter : How did you get started?

Wilson: First, I had to take a lot of tests.Then, I went to firefighting school for 13 weeks.I learned how to put out fires and how to use equipment.Reporter: How do you stay safe on the job?

Wilson : I wear special clothing called bunker gear.It helps keep me safe from fire.I also carry an oxygen tank and a mas.They help me to breathe in a smoke-filled building.Reporter: Are there any new tools that firefighters use?

Wilson: We have a special camera that can see in the dark.It can find heat.That way, we can tell where a fire is located.Reporter: Do you save pets?

Wilson: I recently helped save some kittens.They were hiding under the beds.Pets usually hide during a fire because they are scared.Reporter : Do you ever get afraid?

Wilson: There is no time to be afraid.I think about what I have to do to put out the fire safely.Reporter: What do you like best about being a firefighter?

Wilson: Helping people.36.What is this article mostly about?

A What a firefighter does?B How a firefighter is trained.C What a firefighter wears.D How a firefighter helps animals.37.What did Regina Wilson do first to become a firefighter?

A She saved some kittensB She used fire equipment

C she learned to put out firesD she took a lot of tests.38.Why does Regina Wilson say she dose not get afraid?

A She has an oxygen tankB She enjoys her job too much

C She knows how to fight firesD She is too busy putting out fires

39.What does Regina Wilson like most about being a firefighter?

A Working outB Saving animalsC Helping peopleD Using equipment

40.Why did the author most probably write this article?

A To teach readers how to prevent fires.B To make readers want to be firefighters.C To give readers information about firefightersD To show readers how to use fire equipments.C

On June 25, hundreds of people gathered outside the Library of Congress(美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)圖書(shū)館)，in Washington D.C.They were celebrating public libraries.For more than 100 years, libraries have played an important role in keeping Americans educated.But how are these book-filled buildings changing with the times? You may be surprised to find out.Benjamin Franklin founded America?s first lending library in 1731 in Philadelphia.And the public library system was increased greatly in the late 1800?public libraries across the country.Between 1886 and 1919, Carnegie helped build 1679 new libraries!

Carnegie believed that libraries could offer Americans many opportunities.He knew that the more libraries there were, the more people would have opportunities to read books, news and more.There are more public libraries in America than McDonald?s now.The United States is home to 9225 public libraries.Today, the number of libraries continues to grow.Seven out of 10 public libraries offer free internet use.This can help many community members who can?t go online at home.It can also help them to have the opportunity to find jobs online.Benjamin Franklin once said, “The doors of wisdom are never shut.” As long as the doors of public libraries are open, his statement is most certainly true.41.On June 25, hundreds of people gathered outside the library of Congress _________.A to have a partyB to read booksC to found a lending libraryD to celebrate public libraries

42.The underlined word “donated” means _______ in Chinese.A捐贈(zèng)B 賠償C 損失D 支付

43.According to the passage, people can go online for free in about _______ public libraries.A 9225B 6458C 1919D 1679

44.According to the passage, which of the following is not true?

A We can see more public libraries than McDonald?s in America.B.Lots of libraries in America were built with the help of Carnegie.C.Benjamin Franklin founded America?s first public library in 1731.D.Libraries are important places where Americans can gain knowledge.45.The writer writes the passage to _______.A show us how to find jobs.B encourages us to read more books.C show us how great Benjamin Franklin wasD tell us something about America?s libraries.D

My name is Chelsea Chowderhead.Chowder is a thick soup made with fish and vegetables.I was laughed at because of my last name as soon as I started school.So when my family moved to South Carolina, I was very happy.I asked my dad if I could change my name.Dad said, “You shouldn?t change who you are.Let people get to know you first and your name later.When you meet someone new, ask them a good question-something you ?re really interested in.Once people start talking about themselves, they don?t judge you.”

Two days later I went to my new school.When I got to my classroom, a girl named Claire introduced herself.I found that Claire wore a pretty bracelet(手鐲).I asked her where she got them.Her face lit up, and she explained that she made it herself on her birthday.By lunch, I had talked to lots of people.But I noticed there were two kids, twin brothers, who didn?t seem to talk to anyone else but each other.I decided to have a try.So I sat beside them.“What?s it like being a twin? ” I asked.The twins looked surprised.Then they both started talking.“No one has ever asked us that!” one said.“Most of the time it?s good, ” the other said.Soon we were laughing and talking.One of them said:”I?m Nicholas, and this is Nathaniel.What?s your name? ”

I took a deep breath and said, “I?m Chelsea Chowderhead.”

“Chowder? Cool!Do you want to play basketball with us after school? ” Nathaniel asked.“I?d love to, ” I said.That is how I learned to ask good questions and became friends with the twins.46.Why did the writer want to change his name?

A Because he wanted to make more friends.B Because people often made fun of his name.C Because his name was difficult to remember.D Because he wanted to be famous in the new school.47.The writer?s father advised him to ___________.A ask good questionsB be friendly to othersC move to a new school D share his interests with others

48.How did Claire get the pretty bracelet?

A She got it as a prize.B She made it by herself

C It was a birthday present.D She bought it on her birthday.49.When the twin brothers asked his name, the writer felt __________.A surprisedB angryC nervousD proud

What?s the best title for the passage?

A How to introduce myselfB The story about my nameC The sad moment in my lifeD How to ask good questionsE

Carly heard the buzzer.“Relax,” she told herself.But the memory of Alex?s accident came back.Carly knew that the same thing could happen to her.Now Alex was working hard to get well again.He had decided to be the town?s best young skier once again.Although Alex seemed to have put the accident behind him,Carly relived it every time she thought about downhill skiing.“No time for fear,” Carly thought as she raced downhill.“What use is a team member who?s afraid to ski?” She remembered what Coach Bennett had said a few days earlier.Since Alex?s accident, Coach Bennett had been kind and understanding.He had asked Carly whether she would stay on the ski team.She had wanted to say yes, but instead she said, “I don?t know.”

“You need to find out, ” Coach Bennett had said:”Tonya hasn?t been feeling well.You?ll race in Saturday?s competition if she can?t make it.”

When Carly had arrived at the race earlier this morning, she was told that Tonya was home with the flu.“Get your skis on and get warmed up, ” Coach Bennett said.“This is a good day for your first race.”

Carly had to agree.Her teammates had skied well.They actually had a chance to win--if Carly didn?t let them down.Before she knew it, Carly had crossed the finish line.Her teammates rushed up to her.“Carly!That was amazing!” said Brandi, captain of the team.Carly?s team finished in second place.Carly was disappointed but thought she had skied well for her first race.51.The story takes place in _______.A a running raceB a skiing competitionC a skiing accidentD an Olympic event

52.After his accident Alex _______.A wanted to ski againB was nervous about skiingC had to drop out of the teamD would never be able to ski again

53.Paragraph 3 and 4 are mainly about _______.A Carly learning that she may have to race for TonyaB how Coach Bennett had been kind to Carly

C why Tonya had not been feeling wellD Carly remembering a conversation with her coach.54.Why did the other team members rush to Carly after she had finished skiing ?

A They thought she had skied well.B Carly helped them win the competition.C They wanted her to choose to stay on the team.D Carly didn?t know if she skied well enough

55.What?s the best title for this story?

A A Good LessonB I Love SkiingC No Time for FearD Learning to Ski

選擇下列詞匯完成下面對(duì)話

A rulesB injuredC readingD savedE accidentF important

A : What are you doing, Peter?

B: I?m ______56______ Shenzhen Daily.A: Is there anything important in the newspaper?

B: It says there was a terrible car_____57_______.A: Oh, such bad news.Was anyone hurt?

B: Yes, 8 people including pedestrians(行人)and passengers were_______58_____!A: What a pity!Someone must break the traffic____59________!

B: That?s right.It is_______60_____ to follow the traffic rules.A: Everyone should cherish(珍愛(ài))their lives.B: Yeah, I agree with you.選擇下列句子完成下面對(duì)話

A How much does it cost?

B It?s prices are from 3500 to 5500 yuan.C I have to ask 900 yuan for the phone.D We have all kinds of mobile phones here.E Can I try it on?

F The iPhone 5 is the most popular with the young people.G There is something wrong with my mobile phone.A: Good morning.What can I do for you?

B: I want a mobile phone, but I don?t know which one to buy.A:_____61_______ Which brand do you like best, an HTC, a Nokia or an iPhone 5?B: I know little about them.Which one sells best?

A: Mm!______62______

B: How much is the iPhone5 ?

A:______63______

B: Oh, they are too expensive.I want the one which is the newest but not too expensive.A: What about this one? It works well and is very cheap.B:_______64_____.A: 1000 yuan

B: Is there any discount ? How about 800 yuan?

A:_______65_____

B: Ok, I?ll take it.填空

根據(jù)句子意思，用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（10分）

66.Don?t____________(worried).If you can?t find your pencil, you can use one of mine.67.As we all know, May is the____________(five)month of a year.68.The film is quite funny.It?s worth____________(watch).69.Your answer to this question is wrong.You?d better____________(do)it again.70.Jack, as well as his classmates, often____________(make)fun of others.71.Please keep your eyes____________(close)when you do eye exercises.72.Mary was disappointed____________(find)that her friend didn?t attend the party.73.I?ll return the book to Miss Yang as soon as she____________(come)back.74.The baby is sleeping.Could you please speak more____________（quiet）?

75.The TV programme A Bite of China attracts millions of ____________(China).

第四篇：2013年呼倫貝爾市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試思想品德考試說(shuō)明

2013年呼倫貝爾市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試思想品德考試說(shuō)明

一、命題的指導(dǎo)思想和原則

1．全面貫徹國(guó)家的教育方針，有利于推進(jìn)素質(zhì)教育；體現(xiàn)九年義務(wù)教育的性質(zhì)，有利于提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量；促進(jìn)學(xué)生思想品德健康發(fā)展。

2．堅(jiān)持課改方向，體現(xiàn)新課程理念。反映課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)學(xué)生的知識(shí)與技能、過(guò)程與方法、情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀等方面的基本要求，符合學(xué)生的年齡特征和認(rèn)知水平，注重雙基，全面考查學(xué)生的思想政治素養(yǎng)。

3．符合思想品德課教學(xué)的實(shí)際，較為全面準(zhǔn)確地反映初中思想品德課教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀；試題力圖做到有利于指導(dǎo)初中教學(xué)，有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生能力，有利于初、高中教學(xué)銜接。

4．命題堅(jiān)持科學(xué)性、導(dǎo)向性、基礎(chǔ)性的原則，注重理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際。

二、命題依據(jù)

依據(jù)國(guó)家教育部2003年5月印發(fā)的《全日制義務(wù)教育思想品德課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（實(shí)驗(yàn)稿）》以及一年來(lái)重大時(shí)事政治命題。

三、命題范圍及權(quán)重

（一）命題范圍：

1．七年級(jí)：依據(jù)《義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書(shū)思想品德》七年級(jí)上冊(cè)（2008年3月第3版）教材的第四單元和七年級(jí)下冊(cè)（2008年11月第3版）教材的第四單元的內(nèi)容命題。

2．八年級(jí)：依據(jù)《義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書(shū)思想品德》八年級(jí)上冊(cè)教材（2008年3月第3版）的第四單元和八年級(jí)下冊(cè)（2011年8月第5版）的教材內(nèi)容命題。

3．九年級(jí)：依據(jù)《義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書(shū)思想品德》九年級(jí)全一冊(cè)（2008年3月第3版）內(nèi)容命題。

4．時(shí)事政治：以2012年5月1日至2013年4月30日的國(guó)內(nèi)外重大時(shí)事及黨和國(guó)家在現(xiàn)階段的方針、政策作為背景材料命題，不再獨(dú)立考查

時(shí)事知識(shí)，不印發(fā)時(shí)事政治資料。

（二）權(quán)重：心理健康約占10%；道德約占10%；法律約占40%；國(guó)情教育約占40%。

四、試題類型與分值比例

1．單項(xiàng)選擇題，約占50%。包括唯一性選擇和組合式選擇。2．分析與說(shuō)明題，約占25%。試題提供文字材料、圖表、數(shù)據(jù)或漫畫(huà)等，讓學(xué)生運(yùn)用已學(xué)知識(shí)分析、理解和說(shuō)明問(wèn)題。

3．探究與實(shí)踐題，約占25%。創(chuàng)設(shè)情景，讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行再創(chuàng)造，學(xué)以致用，自主探究，聯(lián)系實(shí)際解決問(wèn)題。

五、考試形式及難易比例 1．形式：閉卷、筆試。

2．分值：政治卷滿分60分。政史共120分，合考不合卷。3．考試時(shí)間：政治與歷史共120分鐘。

4．試題難易比例：易、中、難題比例約為6∶3∶1。

第五篇：2012年黃岡市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試考試說(shuō)明(思想品德)

2012年黃岡市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試考試說(shuō)明（思想品德）

點(diǎn)擊數(shù)：93 次錄入時(shí)間：2012/3/1 10:24:00編輯：walter-75

【考核目標(biāo)與要求】

思想品德學(xué)科的中考命題應(yīng)堅(jiān)持“能力立意”，注重考查學(xué)生對(duì)教材中的基本概念和觀點(diǎn)的理解和把握相關(guān)知識(shí)的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的能力，注重考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)和分析社會(huì)生活實(shí)際和學(xué)生生活實(shí)際，正確處理信息材料的能力。主要包括識(shí)記、理解、運(yùn)用、觀察、評(píng)價(jià)、比較、分析、鑒賞、歸納、綜合、聯(lián)想、遷移、觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)、邏輯思維等多種能力?！耙罁?jù)課標(biāo)、緊扣教材、貼近生活、考察能力、控制難度”是初中思想品德課中考命題原則。依據(jù)重點(diǎn)教學(xué)內(nèi)容（考點(diǎn)），結(jié)合豐富、直觀的感性材料（如漫畫(huà)、事例、圖表、數(shù)據(jù)等），采用情境式命題的方法，“出活題，考能力，”給能力較強(qiáng)的考生搭建平臺(tái)，不讓只會(huì)死記硬背的學(xué)生占便宜。通過(guò)情境式命題，從知識(shí)與能力、過(guò)程與方法、情感態(tài)度價(jià)值觀三個(gè)維度對(duì)學(xué)生該學(xué)科的學(xué)習(xí)質(zhì)量進(jìn)行全面評(píng)價(jià)。

【考試范圍】

1．命題依據(jù)

（1）《全日制義務(wù)教育思想品德課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》；（2）人教版《思想品德》八年級(jí)上、下冊(cè)，九年級(jí)全一冊(cè)；(刪除部分除外，詳見(jiàn)附錄)

（3）2011年6月至2012年5月國(guó)內(nèi)外與教學(xué)內(nèi)容相關(guān)聯(lián)的時(shí)事政治。（另見(jiàn)資料）

2．相關(guān)要求

(1)依據(jù)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、考試內(nèi)容在“三維目標(biāo)”的落實(shí)方面分層要求。難度層次依次是：“知道”、“了解”為初級(jí)層次；“認(rèn)識(shí)”、“懂得”、“學(xué)會(huì)”為中級(jí)層次；“理解”、“感受”、“掌握”、“活動(dòng)”為高級(jí)層次。按照三級(jí)目標(biāo)的要求，確定試題適宜的難度、合理的區(qū)分度、科學(xué)的信度和效度。

（2）按照“學(xué)生學(xué)什么教材，考試考什么教材”的要求，命題依據(jù)的教材以現(xiàn)任九年級(jí)學(xué)生所學(xué)的教材為準(zhǔn)。

（3）考試試題內(nèi)容的選定要努力體現(xiàn)“理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際”的原則，努力體現(xiàn)思想品德學(xué)科課程的特點(diǎn)，努力體現(xiàn)德育特征和思想教育性的功能。要緊密聯(lián)系社會(huì)生活實(shí)際和學(xué)生自身的實(shí)際，做到貼近社會(huì)、貼近生活、貼近學(xué)生，努力挖掘教材內(nèi)容與“兩個(gè)實(shí)際”和“三個(gè)貼近”的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，“迎著熱點(diǎn)上”，做到既源于教材，又高于教材，努力運(yùn)用與教材內(nèi)容緊密相關(guān)的信息元素，創(chuàng)設(shè)情境，落實(shí)知識(shí)和能力、情感、態(tài)度、價(jià)值取向的考查目標(biāo)。

（4）時(shí)事政治，只作中考的背景材料使用，內(nèi)容以《初中時(shí)事政治專題學(xué)習(xí)材料》為參照。法制、安全（食品衛(wèi)生）、禁毒、防“艾”、青少年心理健康、廉政文化進(jìn)校園等內(nèi)容會(huì)根據(jù)命題需要有選擇的作為考試背景材料出現(xiàn)。

附：2012年不列入考試范圍的內(nèi)容目錄

八年級(jí)上冊(cè)：

第一課第一框：我知我家

第二課第二框：兩代人的對(duì)話

第三課第一框：同學(xué)、朋友

第四課第一框：我知我?guī)?，我?ài)我?guī)?/p>

第七課：友好交往禮為先

第九課：心有他人天地寬

八年級(jí)下冊(cè)：

第七課第二框：財(cái)產(chǎn)留給誰(shuí)

九年級(jí)全一冊(cè)

第六課第一框：人民當(dāng)家作主的法制國(guó)家

第二框：憲法是國(guó)家的根本大法

第七課第一框第一目：三步走戰(zhàn)略

第十課第三框：未來(lái)道路我選擇

文科綜合

Ⅰ.考試內(nèi)容

思想品德

【考核目標(biāo)與要求】

思想品德學(xué)科的中考命題應(yīng)堅(jiān)持“能力立意”，注重考查學(xué)生對(duì)教材中的基本概念和觀點(diǎn)的理解和把握相關(guān)知識(shí)的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的能力，注重考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)和分析社會(huì)生活實(shí)際和學(xué)生生活實(shí)際，正確處理信息材料的能力。主要包括識(shí)記、理解、運(yùn)用、觀察、評(píng)價(jià)、比較、分析、鑒賞、歸納、綜合、聯(lián)想、遷移、觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)、邏輯思維等多種能力。“依據(jù)課標(biāo)、緊扣教材、貼近生活、考察能力、控制難度”是初中思想品德課中考命題原則。依據(jù)重點(diǎn)教學(xué)內(nèi)容（考點(diǎn)），結(jié)合豐富、直觀的感性材料（如漫畫(huà)、事例、圖表、數(shù)據(jù)等），采用情境式命題的方法，“出活題，考能力，”給能力較強(qiáng)的考生搭建平臺(tái)，不讓只會(huì)死記硬背的學(xué)生占便宜。通過(guò)情境式命題，從知識(shí)與能力、過(guò)程與方法、情感態(tài)度價(jià)值觀三個(gè)維度對(duì)學(xué)生該學(xué)科的學(xué)習(xí)質(zhì)量進(jìn)行全面評(píng)價(jià)。

【考試范圍】

1．命題依據(jù)

（1）《全日制義務(wù)教育思想品德課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》；（2）人教版《思想品德》八年級(jí)上、下冊(cè)，九年級(jí)全一冊(cè)；(刪除部分除外，詳見(jiàn)附錄)

（3）2011年6月至2012年5月國(guó)內(nèi)外與教學(xué)內(nèi)容相關(guān)聯(lián)的時(shí)事政治。（另見(jiàn)資料）

2．相關(guān)要求

(1)依據(jù)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、考試內(nèi)容在“三維目標(biāo)”的落實(shí)方面分層要求。難度層次依次是：“知道”、“了解”為初級(jí)層次；“認(rèn)識(shí)”、“懂得”、“學(xué)會(huì)”為中級(jí)層次；“理解”、“感受”、“掌握”、“活動(dòng)”為高級(jí)層次。按照三級(jí)目標(biāo)的要求，確定試題適宜的難度、合理的區(qū)分度、科學(xué)的信度和效度。

（2）按照“學(xué)生學(xué)什么教材，考試考什么教材”的要求，命題依據(jù)的教材以現(xiàn)任九年級(jí)學(xué)生所學(xué)的教材為準(zhǔn)。

（3）考試試題內(nèi)容的選定要努力體現(xiàn)“理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際”的原則，努力體現(xiàn)思想品德學(xué)科課程的特點(diǎn)，努力體現(xiàn)德育特征和思想教育性的功能。要緊密聯(lián)系社會(huì)生活實(shí)際和學(xué)生自身的實(shí)際，做到貼近社會(huì)、貼近生活、貼近學(xué)生，努力挖掘教材內(nèi)容與“兩個(gè)實(shí)際”和“三個(gè)貼近”的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，“迎著熱點(diǎn)上”，做到既源于教材，又高于教材，努力運(yùn)用與教材內(nèi)容緊密相關(guān)的信息元素，創(chuàng)設(shè)情境，落實(shí)知識(shí)和能力、情感、態(tài)度、價(jià)值取向的考查目標(biāo)。

（4）時(shí)事政治，只作中考的背景材料使用，內(nèi)容以《初中時(shí)事政治專題學(xué)習(xí)材料》為參照。法制、安全（食品衛(wèi)生）、禁毒、防“艾”、青少年心理健康、廉政文化進(jìn)校園等內(nèi)容會(huì)根據(jù)命題需要有選擇的作為考試背景材料出現(xiàn)。

附：2012年不列入考試范圍的內(nèi)容目錄

八年級(jí)上冊(cè)：

第一課第一框：我知我家

第二課第二框：兩代人的對(duì)話

第三課第一框：同學(xué)、朋友

第四課第一框：我知我?guī)?，我?ài)我?guī)?/p>

第七課：友好交往禮為先

第九課：心有他人天地寬

八年級(jí)下冊(cè)：

第七課第二框：財(cái)產(chǎn)留給誰(shuí)

九年級(jí)全一冊(cè)

第六課第一框：人民當(dāng)家作主的法制國(guó)家第二框：憲法是國(guó)家的根本大法 第七課第一框第一目：三步走戰(zhàn)略 第十課第三框：未來(lái)道路我選擇