第一篇:溫家寶在中南商務(wù)合作論壇開幕式上的演講(全文)
正在南非進行正式訪問的國務(wù)院總理溫家寶22日在首屆中國-南非商務(wù)合作論壇開幕式上發(fā)表了重要演講。
演講全文如下:
增進傳統(tǒng)友誼 促進共同發(fā)展
推動中非友好合作邁上新臺階
——在中國-南非商務(wù)合作論壇開幕式上的演講
中華人民共和國國務(wù)院總理 溫家寶
(2006年6月22日)
尊敬的努卡副總統(tǒng),各位部長,女士們,先生們,朋友們:
今天,我很高興出席首屆中國-南非商務(wù)合作論壇,同各位朋友相聚一堂,共商深化中南、中非合作大計。在座各位多年來為促進中南、中非友好合作作出了積極貢獻,我謹借此機會向你們表示衷心的感謝!
中國與非洲相距遙遠,但萬水千山并沒有阻斷中非之間的友誼與合作。今年是新中國與非洲國家開啟外交關(guān)系50周年。50年來,中國人民和非洲人民在維護國家主權(quán)和民族尊嚴的斗爭中相互支持,在發(fā)展經(jīng)濟和改善民生的征程中攜手合作,在維護世界和平和捍衛(wèi)發(fā)展中國家權(quán)益的事業(yè)中密切配合,結(jié)下了深厚的友誼。中非關(guān)系是當今世界國家間平等相待、真誠友好的典范。
中國一貫堅持在力所能及的范圍內(nèi)向非洲兄弟提供不附加任何政治條件的援助。多年來,我們幫助非洲實施了近900個經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展項目,為非洲50個國家1.8萬名學生赴華留學提供獎學金,派出1.6萬名醫(yī)療隊員赴47個非洲國家,診治患者達2.4億人次。還有3000多名中國官兵參與非洲熱點地區(qū)維和行動。中國積極推進對非貿(mào)易,盡力緩解非洲的債務(wù)負擔,支持區(qū)域合作,促進非洲自主發(fā)展。
中非之間的幫助從來就是相互的,我們不會忘記非洲國家對中國的幫助。長期以來,在涉及中國國家利益的重大問題上,特別是在恢復(fù)中國在聯(lián)合國合法席位和臺灣、人權(quán)等問題上,非洲國家總是對中國予以堅定的支持。中國成功申辦2008年奧運會和2010年世界博覽會,也得到非洲的鼎力相助。
“路遙知馬力,日久見人心?!?0年歲月流逝,世事滄桑。建立在和平共處五項原則之上的中非友好關(guān)系經(jīng)得起歷史的考驗,中國和非洲是患難與共、情深意重的好朋友、好兄弟、好伙伴。我堅信,無論今后國際風云如何變幻,中非人民的友好感情永遠不會改變。
女士們,先生們:
中國是最大的發(fā)展中國家,非洲是發(fā)展中國家最集中的大陸。中非關(guān)系是中國外交的重要基石之一,鞏固和發(fā)展同非洲國家的友好合作,是中國長期的戰(zhàn)略選擇。我們衷心希望非洲發(fā)展強大。中國政府將繼續(xù)遵循真誠友好、平等相待、互利互惠、共同發(fā)展的原則,與非洲國家攜手建立和發(fā)展中非新型戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系。為此,我們愿作出以下努力:
第一,政治上堅持平等互信。中國愿加強與非洲國家的高層互訪,增進相互了解和友誼。尊重非洲國家根據(jù)本國國情自主選擇社會制度和發(fā)展道路,不會向非洲輸出自己的價值觀念和發(fā)展模式。繼續(xù)在國際場合為非洲仗義執(zhí)言,支持非洲國家為維護國家主權(quán)和獨立、實現(xiàn)地區(qū)和平與穩(wěn)定所作的不懈努力。
第二,經(jīng)濟上促進互利共贏。中國將大力促進對非經(jīng)貿(mào)合作。落實主要面向非洲等發(fā)展中國家的零關(guān)稅待遇、增加援助、免除債務(wù)等措施。鼓勵更多中國企業(yè)赴非洲投資,加強在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、農(nóng)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域的合作,向非洲轉(zhuǎn)讓技術(shù),幫助非洲將資源優(yōu)勢轉(zhuǎn)化為競爭優(yōu)勢,提高非洲的經(jīng)濟實力。積極發(fā)展對非貿(mào)易,擴大從非洲進口。我們重視一些非洲國家在貿(mào)易逆差、紡織品等問題上的關(guān)切,努力尋求解決辦法。
第三,在人文和社會領(lǐng)域加強交流。中國將繼續(xù)支持非洲發(fā)展教育、衛(wèi)生、文化等社會事業(yè)。增加中方資助的非洲赴華留學生名額,為非洲國家援建學校。繼續(xù)派遣醫(yī)療隊,提供防治瘧疾藥品,建立瘧疾防治中心,開展防治艾滋病方面的合作。支持中國青年志愿者來非洲工作。鼓勵雙方舉辦各種文化節(jié)、藝術(shù)展和體育賽事,推動科教文衛(wèi)機構(gòu)交流與合作。
第四,在國際事務(wù)中密切配合。中國將繼續(xù)加強與非洲在國際事務(wù)中的協(xié)調(diào)與合作,積極參與建設(shè)亞非新型戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系,共同促進南南合作和南北對話。作為安理會常任理事國,中國主張非洲的合理要求應(yīng)該得到更多尊重,反對在國際事務(wù)中恃強凌弱和搞雙重標準,推動國際社會更加關(guān)心和支持非洲,為非洲實現(xiàn)千年發(fā)展目標創(chuàng)造條件。
中非合作是南南合作的一部分,不是封閉的或排他的,不會影響中非各自與第三方的合作,更不會威脅第三方的利益。中非合作是透明、開放和包容的合作,我們歡迎其他國家和國際機構(gòu)的參與和加入。
女士們,先生們:
南非是中國在非洲重要的戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴。中國和南非都是發(fā)展中國家,政治上有廣泛的共同語言,經(jīng)濟上有很大的合作空間。深化中南戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系符合兩國的根本利益,中國政府十分重視發(fā)展中南合作。昨天,中南簽署了《中南關(guān)于深化戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系的合作綱要》,明確了深化合作的目標和任務(wù)。我們愿與南非保持高層交往勢頭,進一步發(fā)揮“國家雙邊委員會”的作用,經(jīng)常就雙邊關(guān)系和共同關(guān)心的問題交換意見。我們愿拓展在農(nóng)業(yè)、林業(yè)、科技、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、通信、能源、礦產(chǎn)等領(lǐng)域的合作,積極鼓勵企業(yè)增加從南非進口,力爭使中南貿(mào)易有更快的發(fā)展。中方贊賞南非制訂并實施“加速和共享增長倡議”,愿在技能培訓、能力建設(shè)等方面提供幫助,計劃未來3年為南非培訓300名各類人才。我們將積極推動兩國民間交往,增加雙方人文交流,促進旅游合作,增進兩國人民之間的了解和友誼。
女士們,先生們:
中國實行改革開放二十多年來,現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得了巨大成就。中國的發(fā)展為世界展現(xiàn)了廣闊的市場前景,也為非洲國家提供了更多的機遇。近年來中國對外貿(mào)易快速增長,從非洲的進口也大幅增加。2005年中非貿(mào)易額達到398億美元,其中從非洲進口211億美元,超過了中國向非洲的出口。隨著中國的發(fā)展,我們將同非洲在更大范圍、更廣領(lǐng)域、更高層次開展合作,實現(xiàn)優(yōu)勢互補;進一步增加對非援助,擴大對非投資,促進非洲國家的自主發(fā)展。
當前,中國人民正在為實現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會的宏偉目標而努力奮斗,經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展總體形勢良好。但我們清醒地認識到,中國在較長時間內(nèi)還是發(fā)展中國家,中國的經(jīng)濟總量已位居世界前列,但我們有13億人口,人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值在世界一百位以后。我們還有幾千萬貧困人口,城鄉(xiāng)之間、地區(qū)之間發(fā)展不平衡,就業(yè)壓力很大,實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化還有很長的路要走。我們的發(fā)展需要和平的國際環(huán)境,需要世界各國的友好合作。我們堅持走和平發(fā)展道路,對內(nèi)集中精力搞建設(shè),構(gòu)建和諧社會,對外與各國一道致力于建設(shè)和諧世界。中國的發(fā)展不會威脅任何人,中國永遠是維護世界和平、促進共同發(fā)展的堅定力量。
再過幾個月,“第二屆中非企業(yè)家大會”將在北京舉行。我誠摯地邀請在座各位和其他非洲企業(yè)家踴躍與會,與中國的企業(yè)家交流洽談,尋求合作,共同為促進中非友好合作作出貢獻。
最后,預(yù)祝本次中南商務(wù)合作論壇圓滿成功!
第二篇:溫家寶在博鰲論壇2009年年會開幕式上演講全文
溫家寶在博鰲論壇2009年年會開幕式上演講全文
中華人民共和國國務(wù)院總理 溫家寶
(2009年4月18日)
尊敬的各位來賓,女士們、先生們,朋友們:很高興參加博鰲亞洲論壇2009年年會。首先,我謹代表中國政府對年會的召開表示熱烈的祝賀!對各位來賓表示誠摯的歡迎!本屆年會把“經(jīng)濟危機與亞洲:挑戰(zhàn)和展望”作為主題,對于凝聚共識、增強信心、深化合作、戰(zhàn)勝危機,具有十分重要的意義。我衷心祝愿本屆年會取得圓滿成功!
2008年9月以來,世界經(jīng)濟遭受了上世紀大蕭條以來最為嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。各國紛紛采取措施,應(yīng)對國際金融危機的嚴重沖擊。中國政府及時果斷調(diào)整宏觀經(jīng)濟政策,實施積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策,迅速出臺促進經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展的一攬子計劃,對緩解經(jīng)濟運行中的突出矛盾,增強信心、穩(wěn)定預(yù)期,發(fā)揮了重要作用。這個一攬子計劃最直接、最重要的目標,是扭轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)濟增速下滑趨勢、保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快增長,并力求解決制約中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的結(jié)構(gòu)性問題,加快轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式,全面提升各種生產(chǎn)要素的質(zhì)量和水平,為中國經(jīng)濟長遠發(fā)展打下更加牢固的基礎(chǔ)。
一是全面擴大內(nèi)需,增強消費需求對經(jīng)濟增長的拉動力,推動中國經(jīng)濟均衡發(fā)展。這場百年一遇的國際金融危機對中國的沖擊,主要是外部需求的急劇收縮,導致經(jīng)濟減速、企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營困難、失業(yè)增加,結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾進一步凸顯。我們把政策的著力點放在全面擴大國內(nèi)需求上,努力保持投資較快增長和刺激消費,著力調(diào)整內(nèi)需外需結(jié)構(gòu),加快形成內(nèi)需為主和積極利用外需共同拉動經(jīng)濟增長的格局,使中國經(jīng)濟向更加均衡的發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變。
二是全面加強基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),推動中國經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡,既是中國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展中的突出矛盾,也是經(jīng)濟增長的巨大潛力所在。我們把應(yīng)對國際金融危機和解決這些矛盾有機結(jié)合起來,在新增投資計劃中,重點加強農(nóng)村建設(shè)和中西部基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。著眼于鞏固農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位,加快農(nóng)田水利重大工程建設(shè),增強農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定增產(chǎn)、農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收的能力。加快修建農(nóng)村道路,改造農(nóng)村電網(wǎng),推進農(nóng)村中小學標準化建設(shè),改善農(nóng)民生活條件。著眼于促進生產(chǎn)要素跨區(qū)域流動,加快重大交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),完善綜合運輸體系,特別是圍繞發(fā)揮中西部地區(qū)優(yōu)勢,建設(shè)煤運通道、西部干線鐵路和機場。著眼于扶持落后地區(qū),幫助困難群眾,積極支持保障性安居工程建設(shè),重點解決城市低收入家庭、林區(qū)、墾區(qū)、煤礦等棚戶區(qū)居民的住房問題,擴大農(nóng)村危房改造試點范圍,實施少數(shù)民族地區(qū)游牧民定居工程等。這些措施的逐步落實,必將使發(fā)展的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)得到加強,使廣大中西部地區(qū)和農(nóng)村發(fā)展環(huán)境得以改善,對我國經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生巨大推動力。
三是全面提升產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力和自主創(chuàng)新能力,推動中國經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)發(fā)展。推動產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級,是關(guān)系經(jīng)濟全局緊迫而重大的戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)。我們制定實施十大重點產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整振興規(guī)劃,推動企業(yè)兼并重組,積極支持企業(yè)加快技術(shù)改造,淘汰落后產(chǎn)能,發(fā)展先進生產(chǎn)力,努力提高產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度和資源配置效率。我們加快實施國家中長期科學和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要,選擇那些帶動力強、影響面大、見效快的項目,集中力量攻關(guān),突破一批核心技術(shù)和關(guān)鍵共性技術(shù),為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展提供科技支撐,推動我國經(jīng)濟盡快走上創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動的軌道。我們把投資的重點放在節(jié)能環(huán)保和生態(tài)建設(shè)上,加大對重點防護林和天然林資源保護工程、城鎮(zhèn)污水、垃圾處理設(shè)施、重點節(jié)能減排工程建設(shè)的投入,推動中國經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
四是全面提高人的素質(zhì),推動中國經(jīng)濟集約發(fā)展。全面提高人的素質(zhì)是中國經(jīng)濟增長的優(yōu)勢和活力源泉,是長遠發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略重點。在實施擴大內(nèi)需的計劃中,我們把公共資源配置向教育、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生和社會保障領(lǐng)域傾斜。制定實施國家中長期教育規(guī)劃,大幅度增加教育投入,加強基礎(chǔ)教育,發(fā)展職業(yè)教育,提高高等教育,增強全民族的文化素質(zhì)。我們積極推進醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革,建設(shè)基本醫(yī)療保障制度,建立國家基本藥物制度,健全基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系,推進公立醫(yī)院改革試點,促進基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)逐步均等化。我們加快完善社會保障體系,擴大社會保障覆蓋范圍,提高社會保障水平。我們千方百計擴大就業(yè),特別是大學生和農(nóng)民工就業(yè)。所有這些都有利于擴大國內(nèi)即期需求,增強消費者信心,同時也有力推動經(jīng)濟增長由主要依靠物質(zhì)資源消耗的粗放型增長,向主要依靠科技進步、勞動者素質(zhì)提高、體制創(chuàng)新的集約型增長轉(zhuǎn)變。
總之,我們制定實施一攬子計劃,是標本兼治、遠近結(jié)合的,既是保增長、促民生、保穩(wěn)定的應(yīng)急之舉,也是推動中國經(jīng)濟實現(xiàn)科學發(fā)展、和諧發(fā)展的長遠之策。我國正處在工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化快速推進階段,蘊藏著巨大需求和增長潛力,有改革開放30年建立的物質(zhì)、科技和體制基礎(chǔ),有充裕的資金、豐富的勞動力等要素支撐,有集中力量辦大事的制度優(yōu)勢、和諧安定的社會環(huán)境。只要我們不懈努力,在戰(zhàn)勝危機的同時,一定能夠使我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的體制性、結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾明顯緩解,國民經(jīng)濟的整體素質(zhì)和競爭力明顯提升。中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的潛力必將進一步釋放,在改善本國人民福祉的同時,為世界各國提供更多的貿(mào)易投資機會。
女士們、先生們,朋友們:
中國實施的一攬子計劃已初見成效,經(jīng)濟運行出現(xiàn)積極變化,形勢比預(yù)料的好。主要表現(xiàn):一是投資增速加快,消費較快增長,國內(nèi)需求持續(xù)提高。一季度國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長6.1%。全社會固定資產(chǎn)投資增長28.8%,比去年同期和四季度分別提高4.2和6.4個百分點;城鎮(zhèn)新開工項目計劃總投資增長87.7%。社會消費品零售總額實際增長15.9%,增幅同比提高3.6個百分點。在“家電下鄉(xiāng)”和小排量汽車減稅等政策帶動下,家電、農(nóng)機等行業(yè)產(chǎn)銷大幅增長,汽車銷售創(chuàng)歷史新高。商品房銷售面積增長8.2%,初步扭轉(zhuǎn)一年多來的下降局面。二是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)逐步企穩(wěn),農(nóng)業(yè)形勢總體穩(wěn)定。3月份,規(guī)模以上工業(yè)增加值同比增長8.3%,增幅比前兩個月提高4.5個百分點;消費品工業(yè)呈現(xiàn)回升態(tài)勢,裝備制造業(yè)和部分原材料工業(yè)出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)機。強農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策加快落實,產(chǎn)生積極效果。糧食播種面積增加,夏糧長勢較好;農(nóng)資供應(yīng)充足,春耕備耕進展順利。三是結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整積極推進,區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性增強,產(chǎn)業(yè)升級加快。中西部地區(qū)固定資產(chǎn)投資、工業(yè)增加值、社會消費品零售總額增長,都明顯高于全國平均水平。沿海地區(qū)工業(yè)總體增速雖然較低,但恢復(fù)加快。高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)增勢較強,生物生化制品、通信交換設(shè)備、醫(yī)療設(shè)備及器械制造業(yè)
等增速明顯超過工業(yè)平均增速。四是城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)增加,居民收入提高。一季度城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)268萬人,城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)民人均現(xiàn)金收入同比實際分別增長11.2%和8.6%。五是銀行體系流動性充裕,金融市場平穩(wěn)運行,社會信心提振,市場預(yù)期改善。
應(yīng)該看到,國際金融危機還在擴散蔓延,世界經(jīng)濟衰退的基本態(tài)勢沒有改變,金融體系存在的問題沒有解決,實體經(jīng)濟惡化超出預(yù)期,全球經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇可能經(jīng)歷較長和曲折的過程。受國際金融危機的影響,我國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展面臨的困難很大,主要是:外部需求持續(xù)萎縮,出口下降幅度較大;農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定生產(chǎn)、農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收難度加大;一些行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩,工業(yè)增長回升乏力,經(jīng)濟效益繼續(xù)下滑,財政收入減少,就業(yè)形勢十分嚴峻。
在錯綜復(fù)雜的國內(nèi)外形勢下,我們既要看到經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的有利條件和積極因素,堅定戰(zhàn)勝困難的決心和信心;又要充分估計形勢的不確定性、不穩(wěn)定性,保持清醒頭腦,增強憂患意識,寧可把形勢估計的嚴峻一些,把困難考慮的充分一些,做好應(yīng)對更大困難的長期準備。我們要堅定不移地貫徹執(zhí)行積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策,毫不放松地全面實施應(yīng)對危機的一攬子計劃,努力把金融危機的影響降到最低限度,促進中國經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。女士們、先生們,朋友們:
在經(jīng)濟全球化的條件下,世界各國的命運已緊緊聯(lián)系在一起,沒有一個國家可以在國際金融危機中獨善其身,沒有一個國家能夠以一己之力戰(zhàn)勝這場危機。亞洲是全球經(jīng)濟最具活力和潛力的地區(qū)之一。人口約占全球總?cè)丝诘?0%,經(jīng)濟總量、貿(mào)易總額約占全球的1/4和1/3。雖然各國國情不同,但維護國家主權(quán)、加快經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、弘揚公平正義、增進國民福祉的目標是相同的;應(yīng)對國際金融危機,打擊恐怖主義和跨國犯罪,遏制疫病蔓延、環(huán)境惡化等方面面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是相似的;深化雙邊多邊合作、實現(xiàn)互利共贏的意愿是一致的。目前亞洲地區(qū)各種合作機制相繼建立并取得積極成效,經(jīng)濟、科技、人文等領(lǐng)域交流與合作不斷深化,合作的基礎(chǔ)日益牢固。有效應(yīng)對這場金融危機,亞洲各國不僅要把本國的事情辦好,而且要進一步加強合作,攜手努力,同舟共濟,推動亞洲共贏發(fā)展,成為世界經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇的重要引擎。
中國是亞洲合作的積極參與者與建設(shè)者,堅定不移地奉行與鄰為善、以鄰為伴的周邊外交方針和睦鄰、安鄰、富鄰的周邊外交政策。特別是近些年來,我們與亞洲多個國家和地區(qū)簽署了雙多邊自貿(mào)協(xié)定,推進了貿(mào)易和投資的發(fā)展。我們還與一些國家和地區(qū)簽署了6份總額為235億美元雙邊貨幣互換協(xié)議,6份總額為6500億元人民幣的雙邊本幣貨幣互換協(xié)議,豐富了區(qū)域金融合作的內(nèi)容和形式,增強了地區(qū)資金救助機制的作用。擁有19億人口、GDP近6萬億美元的中國——東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)將于2010年全面建成。我很高興地看到,2003年10月我在第七次東盟與中日韓領(lǐng)導人會議上提出的“推動清邁倡議多邊化”的設(shè)想,正在成為區(qū)域財金合作的重點,已經(jīng)邁出實質(zhì)性步伐。
面對國際金融危機肆虐,中國愿意繼續(xù)同亞洲國家一道,積極應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn),全面加強合作,使各領(lǐng)域合作更加充實和富有活力,促進地區(qū)和平與繁榮。為此,我提出如下主張:
一是密切經(jīng)貿(mào)合作。堅決反對貿(mào)易保護主義。更加重視促進自由貿(mào)易,擴大區(qū)內(nèi)貿(mào)易規(guī)模。在海關(guān)、檢驗檢疫、物流和商務(wù)人員流動等方面采取有效措施,以實際行動降低貿(mào)易壁壘,避
免設(shè)置新的貿(mào)易障礙。積極推進自由貿(mào)易區(qū)建設(shè),充分利用多雙邊自由貿(mào)易安排,發(fā)揮各國經(jīng)濟互補優(yōu)勢。中國決定在上海市和廣東省四個城市開展跨境貿(mào)易人民幣結(jié)算試點,這一舉措對促進與周邊國家和地區(qū)的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系必將產(chǎn)生積極作用。
二是加強財金合作,努力維護區(qū)域金融穩(wěn)定。充分發(fā)揮雙邊貨幣互換協(xié)議作用,研究擴大互換額度和簽約國范圍。去年10+3國家決定建立800億美元外匯儲備庫,最近又將其規(guī)模擴大到1200億美元,顯示了本地區(qū)加強金融合作的迫切需要和強烈意愿。希望加快清邁倡議多邊化進程,最大限度照顧彼此關(guān)切,盡早達成共識,建成區(qū)域外匯儲備庫,增強本地區(qū)抵御金融風險能力。推進亞洲債券市場建設(shè),更好地利用區(qū)內(nèi)資金,促進亞洲經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。
三是深化投資合作,發(fā)揮投資在區(qū)域經(jīng)濟增長中的拉動作用。加快區(qū)域和次區(qū)域交通、電力、通訊領(lǐng)域建設(shè)步伐,逐步實現(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的互聯(lián)互通和網(wǎng)絡(luò)化。中國決定設(shè)立總規(guī)模為100億美元的“中國——東盟投資合作基金”,支持區(qū)域基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。各國擴大投資都要秉承開放精神,允許其他國家企業(yè)公平參與。鼓勵各國企業(yè)在區(qū)域內(nèi)相互投資,加強勞務(wù)合作,避免大規(guī)模遣返外國勞工。
四是推動“綠色”合作,促進亞洲經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)發(fā)展。積極有效地協(xié)調(diào)政策和行動,加強亞洲國家在節(jié)能環(huán)保、開發(fā)利用新能源和可再生能源等領(lǐng)域的合作,培育亞洲經(jīng)濟新的增長點。堅持“共同但有區(qū)別的責任”和公平原則,在《聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架公約》下,深化對話與交流,積極開展務(wù)實合作,為全球應(yīng)對氣候變化做出力所能及的貢獻。
五是加強在國際事務(wù)中的配合與協(xié)調(diào),促進世界和平穩(wěn)定繁榮。通過APEC、亞歐會議和東亞——拉美合作論壇、亞洲——中東對話等平臺,加強與其他地區(qū)的合作,提高合作效率和質(zhì)量。落實二十國集團領(lǐng)導人倫敦金融峰會共識,加強宏觀經(jīng)濟政策協(xié)調(diào);推進國際金融體系改革,提高新興市場和發(fā)展中國家的代表性和發(fā)言權(quán),加強對主要儲備貨幣發(fā)行經(jīng)濟體宏觀經(jīng)濟政策的監(jiān)督,推進多元化國際貨幣體系建設(shè);推動多哈回合談判取得全面、平衡的結(jié)果,特別要加強對發(fā)展中國家的貿(mào)易支持;認真落實聯(lián)合國千年發(fā)展目標,推進國際減貧進程,避免因金融危機減少對發(fā)展中國家的援助。
這里,我還想強調(diào)一點,工商界要在應(yīng)對國際金融危機、促進亞洲地區(qū)發(fā)展方面發(fā)揮積極作用。企業(yè)家要注重社會責任,妥善處理各種風險和隱患,要善于把握世界經(jīng)濟調(diào)整時機,不斷開拓創(chuàng)新,尋找新的發(fā)展機遇。亞洲發(fā)展?jié)摿薮?,區(qū)內(nèi)各類企業(yè)特別是跨國企業(yè),只要堅守在這塊土地上,盡量少關(guān)閉工廠、少裁員,加強各國企業(yè)在生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營、技術(shù)研發(fā)等方面合作,一定能夠在應(yīng)對危機中實現(xiàn)新的跨越。
女士們、先生們!我曾經(jīng)說過,信心比黃金和貨幣更重要。今天,我還要講一句話,希望像一盞永不熄滅的明燈,給各國、各企業(yè)和世界人民照亮方向。讓我們堅定信心,滿懷希望,攜手合作,共同開創(chuàng)亞洲更加美好的未來!
謝謝大家!
第三篇:溫家寶在2009博鰲亞洲論壇開幕式上的演講(中英對照)(定稿)
溫家寶在2009博鰲亞洲論壇開幕式上的演講(中英對照)
增強信心 深化合作 實現(xiàn)共贏
——在博鰲亞洲論壇2009年年會開幕式上的演講
中華人民共和國國務(wù)院總理 溫家寶 2009年4月18日
Strengthen and Deepen Cooperation For Win-Win Progress Speech by Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council of The People's Republic of China At the Opening of The Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2009 April 2009
尊敬的各位來賓,女士們,先生們,朋友們: Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,很高興參加博鰲亞洲論壇2009年年會。首先,我謹代表中國政府對年會的召開表示熱烈的祝賀!對各位來賓表示誠摯的歡迎!本屆年會把“經(jīng)濟危機與亞洲:挑戰(zhàn)和展望”作為主題,對于凝聚共識、增強信心、深化合作、戰(zhàn)勝危機,具有十分重要的意義。我衷心祝愿本屆年會取得圓滿成功!
I am delighted to be here at the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2009.Let me begin by extending, on behalf of the Chinese Government, warm congratulations on the opening of the and a hearty welcome to all the guests present.This conference, with “Asia: Managing Beyond Crisis” as its theme, is a highly important one.It will contribute to our efforts to build consensus, strengthen confidence, deepen and overcome the crisis.I wish the conference a great success.2008年9月以來,世界經(jīng)濟遭受了上世紀大蕭條以來最為嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。各國紛紛采取措施,應(yīng)對國際金融危機的嚴重沖擊。中國政府及時果斷調(diào)整宏觀經(jīng)濟政策,實施積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策,迅速出臺促進經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展的一攬子計劃,對緩解經(jīng)濟運行中的突出矛盾、增強信心、穩(wěn)定預(yù)期,發(fā)揮了重要作用。這個一攬子計劃最直接、最重要的目標,是扭轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)濟增速下滑趨勢、保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快增長,并力求解決制約中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的結(jié)構(gòu)性問題,加快轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式,全面提升各種生產(chǎn)要素的質(zhì)量和水平,為中國經(jīng)濟長遠發(fā)展打下更加牢固的基礎(chǔ)。
Since last September, the world economy has run into the most serious challenges ever since the Great Depression of the last century.Countries around the world have taken steps to cope with the severe impact of the global crisis.In the face of the crisis, the Chinese Government
made swift and decisive adjustments to its macroeconomic policies.We adopted a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy, and put in place a package plan to ensure steady and relatively fast economic growth.These measures have proved essential for easing major problems in the economy, shoring up and stabilizing expectations.The most immediate and important goal of our package plan is to reverse the economic downturn and maintain steady and relatively fast growth.It is also designed to address structural problems constraining China's economic development, speed up the transformation of growth pattern and raise the quality and performance of factors of production in order to lay a more solid foundation for China's economic growth in the long run.一是全面擴大內(nèi)需,增強消費需求對經(jīng)濟增長的拉動力,推動中國經(jīng)濟均衡發(fā)展。這場百年一遇的國際金融危機對中國的沖擊,主要是外部需求的急劇收縮,導致經(jīng)濟減速、企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營困難、失業(yè)增加,結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾進一步凸顯。我們把政策的著力點放在全面擴大國內(nèi)需求上,努力保持投資較快增長和刺激消費,著力調(diào)整內(nèi)需外需結(jié)構(gòu),加快形成內(nèi)需為主和積極利用外需共同拉動經(jīng)濟增長的格局,使中國經(jīng)濟向更加均衡的發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變。
First, boost domestic demand in a way and strengthen the role of consumer demand in driving economic growth to promote balanced economic development.The major impact of this once-in-a-century financial crisis on China is the sharp drop in external demand, which in turn has led to economic slowdown, difficulties for businesses and rising unemployment.Structural problems have also become more evident.Our policies are primarily aimed at boosting domestic demand.We have been working hard to maintain relatively fast growth in investment, stimulate consumption, and readjust the structure of domestic and external demand.We will mainly rely on domestic and at the same time make full use of external demand so that together, they will drive our economic growth.This will lead to the transformation towards a more balanced growth pattern of the Chinese economy.二是全面加強基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),推動中國經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡,既是中國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展中的突出矛盾,也是經(jīng)濟增長的巨大潛力所在。我們把應(yīng)對國際金融危機和解決這些矛盾有機結(jié)合起來,在新增投資計劃中,重點加強農(nóng)村建設(shè)和中西部基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。著眼于鞏固農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位,加快農(nóng)田水利重大工程建設(shè),增強農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定增產(chǎn)、農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收的能力。加快修建農(nóng)村道路,改造農(nóng)村電網(wǎng),推進農(nóng)村中小學標準化建設(shè),改善農(nóng)民生活條件。著眼于促進生產(chǎn)要素跨區(qū)域流動,加快重大交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),完善綜合運輸體系,特別是圍繞發(fā)揮中西部地區(qū)優(yōu)勢,建設(shè)煤運通道、西部干線鐵路和機場。著眼于扶持落后地區(qū),幫助困難群眾,積極支持保障性安居工程建設(shè),重點解決城市低收入家庭、林區(qū)、墾區(qū)、煤礦等棚戶區(qū)居民的住房問題,擴大農(nóng)村危房改造試點范圍,實施少數(shù)民族地區(qū)游牧民定居工程等。這些措施的逐步落實,必將使發(fā)展的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)得到加強,使廣大中西部地區(qū)和農(nóng)村發(fā)展環(huán)境得以改善,對我國經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生巨大推動力。
第四篇:中英文 溫家寶在2009博鰲亞洲論壇開幕式上的演講
增強信心 深化合作 實現(xiàn)共贏
——在博鰲亞洲論壇2009年年會開幕式上的演講 中華人民共和國國務(wù)院總理 溫家寶 2009年4月18日
Strengthen Confidence and Deepen Cooperation For Win-Win Progress Speech by Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council of The People's Republic of China At the Opening Plenary of The Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2009 18 April 2009
尊敬的各位來賓,女士們,先生們,朋友們: Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,很高興參加博鰲亞洲論壇2009年年會。首先,我謹代表中國政府對年會的召開表示熱烈的祝賀!對各位來賓表示誠摯的歡迎!本屆年會把“經(jīng)濟危機與亞洲:挑戰(zhàn)和展望”作為主題,對于凝聚共識、增強信心、深化合作、戰(zhàn)勝危機,具有十分重要的意義。我衷心祝愿本屆年會取得圓滿成功!
I am delighted to be here at the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2009.Let me begin by extending, on behalf of the Chinese Government, warm congratulations on the opening of the conference and a hearty welcome to all the guests present.This conference, with “Asia: Managing Beyond Crisis” as its theme, is a highly important one.It will contribute to our efforts to build consensus, strengthen confidence, deepen cooperation and overcome the crisis.I wish the conference a great success.2008年9月以來,世界經(jīng)濟遭受了上世紀大蕭條以來最為嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。各國紛紛采取措施,應(yīng)對國際金融危機的嚴重沖擊。中國政府及時果斷調(diào)整宏觀經(jīng)濟政策,實施積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策,迅速出臺促進經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展的一攬子計劃,對緩解經(jīng)濟運行中的突出矛盾、增強信心、穩(wěn)定預(yù)期,發(fā)揮了重要作用。這個一攬子計劃最直接、最重要的目標,是扭轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)濟增速下滑趨勢、保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快增長,并力求解決制約中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的結(jié)構(gòu)性問題,加快轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式,全面提升各種生產(chǎn)要素的質(zhì)量和水平,為中國經(jīng)濟長遠發(fā)展打下更加牢固的基礎(chǔ)。Since last September, the world economy has run into the most serious challenges ever since the Great Depression of the last century.Countries around the world have taken steps to cope with the severe impact of the global financial crisis.In the face of the crisis, the Chinese Government made swift and decisive adjustments to its macroeconomic policies.We adopted a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy, and put in place a package plan to ensure steady and relatively fast economic growth.These measures have proved essential for easing major problems in the economy, shoring up confidence and stabilizing expectations.The most immediate and important goal of our package plan is to reverse the economic downturn and maintain steady and relatively fast growth.It is also designed to address structural problems constraining China's economic development, speed up the transformation of growth pattern and raise the quality and performance of factors of production in order to lay a more solid foundation for China's economic growth in the long run.一是全面擴大內(nèi)需,增強消費需求對經(jīng)濟增長的拉動力,推動中國經(jīng)濟均衡發(fā)展。這場百年一遇的國際金融危機對中國的沖擊,主要是外部需求的急劇收縮,導致經(jīng)濟減速、企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營困難、失業(yè)增加,結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾進一步凸顯。我們把政策的著力點放在全面擴大國內(nèi)需求上,努力保持投資較快增長和刺激消費,著力調(diào)整內(nèi)需外需結(jié)構(gòu),加快形成內(nèi)需為主和積極利用外需共同拉動經(jīng)濟增長的格局,使中國經(jīng)濟向更加均衡的發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變。
First, boost domestic demand in a comprehensive way and strengthen the role of consumer demand in driving economic growth to promote balanced economic development.The major impact of this once-in-a-century financial crisis on China is the sharp drop in external demand, which in turn has led to economic slowdown, difficulties for businesses and rising unemployment.Structural problems have also become more evident.Our policies are primarily aimed at boosting domestic demand.We have been working hard to maintain relatively fast growth in investment, stimulate consumption, and readjust the structure of domestic and external demand.We will mainly rely on domestic demand and at the same time make full use of external demand so that together, they will drive our economic growth.This will lead to the transformation towards a more balanced growth pattern of the Chinese economy.二是全面加強基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),推動中國經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡,既是中國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展中的突出矛盾,也是經(jīng)濟增長的巨大潛力所在。我們把應(yīng)對國際金融危機和解決這些矛盾有機結(jié)合起來,在新增投資計劃中,重點加強農(nóng)村建設(shè)和中西部基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。著眼于鞏固農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位,加快農(nóng)田水利重大工程建設(shè),增強農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定增產(chǎn)、農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收的能力。加快修建農(nóng)村道路,改造農(nóng)村電網(wǎng),推進農(nóng)村中小學標準化建設(shè),改善農(nóng)民生活條件。著眼于促進生產(chǎn)要素跨區(qū)域流動,加快重大交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),完善綜合運輸體系,特別是圍繞發(fā)揮中西部地區(qū)優(yōu)勢,建設(shè)煤運通道、西部干線鐵路和機場。著眼于扶持落后地區(qū),幫助困難群眾,積極支持保障性安居工程建設(shè),重點解決城市低收入家庭、林區(qū)、墾區(qū)、煤礦等棚戶區(qū)居民的住房問題,擴大農(nóng)村危房改造試點范圍,實施少數(shù)民族地區(qū)游牧民定居工程等。這些措施的逐步落實,必將使發(fā)展的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)得到加強,使廣大中西部地區(qū)和農(nóng)村發(fā)展環(huán)境得以改善,對我國經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生巨大推動力。
Second, improve infrastructure across the country and promote coordinated economic development.Uneven development between urban and rural areas and among regions is an acute problem in China's economic and social development, but it also means tremendous potential for further economic growth.We seek to address this problem in the course of tackling the global financial crisis.In our new investment program, priority will be given to rural development and infrastructure projects in central and western China.We will consolidate the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy and speed up the construction of key projects for farmland improvement and water conservancy in order to create more enabling conditions for steady increase in agricultural production and farmers' income.We will pick up pace in building roads, upgrading power grids, promoting standardization in the construction of primary and secondary schools in rural areas, and improving farmers' living conditions.We will promote cross-region mobility of factors of production, speed up the development of major transportation infrastructure, and improve the integrated transportation system.It is particularly important to build coal transport routes, trunk railway lines and airports in western China so that the advantages of central and western China can be fully brought out.We will support less developed regions and help people in difficulties.We will vigorously support government-subsidized housing projects, with priorities on addressing housing difficulties of low-income urban families and families living in shantytowns in forests, on reclaimed land and around coal mines, expanding the pilot program for renovating dilapidated houses in rural areas and building permanent housing for the nomadic population in ethnic minority areas.The implementation of these measures will, over time, help strengthen weak links in development, improve the development environment for central and western regions and the rural areas, and give a strong boost to coordinated economic development of the country.三是全面提升產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力和自主創(chuàng)新能力,推動中國經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)發(fā)展。推動產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級,是關(guān)系經(jīng)濟全局緊迫而重大的戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)。我們制定實施十大重點產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整振興規(guī)劃,推動企業(yè)兼并重組,積極支持企業(yè)加快技術(shù)改造,淘汰落后產(chǎn)能,發(fā)展先進生產(chǎn)力,努力提高產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度和資源配置效率。我們加快實施國家中長期科學和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要,選擇那些帶動力強、影響面大、見效快的項目,集中力量攻關(guān),突破一批核心技術(shù)和關(guān)鍵共性技術(shù),為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展提供科技支撐,推動我國經(jīng)濟盡快走上創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動的軌道。我們把投資的重點放在節(jié)能環(huán)保和生態(tài)建設(shè)上,加大對重點防護林和天然林資源保護工程、城鎮(zhèn)污水、垃圾處理設(shè)施、重點節(jié)能減排工程建設(shè)的投入,推動中國經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
Third, enhance industries' competitiveness and capacity for independent innovation and promote sustainable economic development.To upgrade industrial structure is a pressing strategic task crucial to the overall economy.We have adopted plans for the restructuring and rejuvenation of ten key industries.They include measures to facilitate merger and reorganization of enterprises, support accelerated technological innovation by businesses, phase out backward production facilities, promote advanced productive forces, raise the level of industrial concentration and improve the efficiency of resources allocation.We are speeding up the implementation of the Outline of the National Program for Medium-and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development with a special focus on those projects that will give a strong boost to scientific and technological advancement, have a widespread impact and yield quick results.We are endeavoring to make breakthroughs in a number of core technologies and key generic technologies in order to provide scientific and technological support for economic growth and make the Chinese economy an innovation-driven one.Energy conservation, environmental protection and ecological enhancement are the priority areas of our investment.We will increase input in the development of key forest shelterbelts and the protection of natural forests, urban sewage and garbage treatment facilities and major energy-conservation and pollution-reduction projects to promote sustainable development of the economy.四是全面提高人的素質(zhì),推動中國經(jīng)濟集約發(fā)展。全面提高人的素質(zhì)是中國經(jīng)濟增長的優(yōu)勢和活力源泉,是長遠發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略重點。在實施擴大內(nèi)需的計劃中,我們把公共資源配置向教育、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生和社會保障領(lǐng)域傾斜。制定實施國家中長期教育規(guī)劃,大幅度增加教育投入,加強基礎(chǔ)教育,發(fā)展職業(yè)教育,提高高等教育,增強全民族的文化素質(zhì)。我們積極推進醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革,建設(shè)基本醫(yī)療保障制度,建立國家基本藥物制度,健全基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系,推進公立醫(yī)院改革試點,促進基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)逐步均等化。我們加快完善社會保障體系,擴大社會保障覆蓋范圍,提高社會保障水平。我們千方百計擴大就業(yè),特別是大學生和農(nóng)民工就業(yè)。所有這些都有利于擴大國內(nèi)即期需求,增強消費者信心,同時也有力推動經(jīng)濟增長由主要依靠物質(zhì)資源消耗的粗放型增長,向主要依靠科技進步、勞動者素質(zhì)提高、體制創(chuàng)新的集約型增長轉(zhuǎn)變。
Fourth, work for all-round development of the people and promote intensive economic development.Human resources are an advantage and source of vitality in China's economic growth.It is a strategic priority in China's long-term development to achieve the all-round development of the people.In the course of boosting domestic demand, we have prioritized education, health care and social security in allocating public resources.We are in the process of formulating a National Medium-and Long-Term Program for Education.We will substantially increase input in education, strengthen basic education and develop vocational education, improve higher education and raise the cultural and educational level of the whole society.We are pressing ahead with medical and health care reform.We will put in place a basic medical care system and a basic drugs system, improve the community-level medical and health service system, push forward the pilot reforms in public hospitals, and promote equal access for all to basic public health services.We are improving the social safety net at a faster pace by expanding coverage of social security programs and increasing social security benefits.We are doing everything in our power to create jobs, especially for college graduates and rural migrant workers.All the aforementioned measures will help expand immediate domestic demand and bolster consumer confidence.They will also give a big push to the shift from extensive economic growth driven by high consumption of material resources to intensive growth driven by scientific and technological advancement, improved quality of the workforce and institutional innovation.總之,我們制定實施一攬子計劃,是標本兼治、遠近結(jié)合的,既是保增長、保民生、保穩(wěn)定的應(yīng)急之舉,也是推動中國經(jīng)濟實現(xiàn)科學發(fā)展、和諧發(fā)展的長遠之策。我國正處在工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化快速推進階段,蘊藏著巨大需求和增長潛力,有改革開放30年建立的物質(zhì)、科技和體制基礎(chǔ),有充裕的資金、豐富的勞動力等要素支撐,有集中力量辦大事的制度優(yōu)勢、和諧安定的社會環(huán)境。只要我們不懈努力,在戰(zhàn)勝危機的同時,一定能夠使我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的體制性、結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾明顯緩解,國民經(jīng)濟的整體素質(zhì)和競爭力明顯提升。中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的潛力必將進一步釋放,在改善本國人民福祉的同時,為世界各國提供更多的貿(mào)易投資機會。
In a nutshell, the package plan we have introduced is aimed at addressing both symptoms and root causes and serving both current needs and long-term goals.It is an emergency-response plan to ensure economic growth, improve people's livelihood and maintain social stability.It also represents a long-term policy to promote scientific and harmonious development of the Chinese economy.China is experiencing accelerated industrialization and urbanization, a period with tremendous demand and growth potential.Thanks to 30 years of reform and opening-up, we have laid a sound material, scientific, technological and institutional foundation for development.We have sufficient capital and rich labor resources.We have institutional advantages that enable us to mobilize resources for big undertakings.And we enjoy a harmonious and stable social environment.I am convinced that so long as we persevere in our efforts, we will overcome the crisis and at the same time ease structural and institutional problems in the economic development, and enhance the overall efficiency and competitiveness of the economy.We will further unleash our economic potential to improve the well-being of the Chinese people and create more trade and investment opportunities for other countries.女士們,先生們,朋友們: Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,中國實施的一攬子計劃已初見成效,經(jīng)濟運行出現(xiàn)積極變化,形勢比預(yù)料的好。主要表現(xiàn):一是投資增速加快,消費較快增長,國內(nèi)需求持續(xù)提高。一季度國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長6.1%。全社會固定資產(chǎn)投資增長28.8%,比去年同期和四季度分別提高4.2和6.4個百分點;城鎮(zhèn)新開工項目計劃總投資增長 87.7%。社會消費品零售總額實際增長15.9%,增幅同比提高3.6個百分點。在“家電下鄉(xiāng)”和小排量汽車減稅等政策帶動下,家電、農(nóng)機等行業(yè)產(chǎn)銷大幅增長,汽車銷售創(chuàng)歷史新高。商品房銷售面積增長8.2%,初步扭轉(zhuǎn)一年多來的下降局面。二是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)逐步企穩(wěn),農(nóng)業(yè)形勢總體穩(wěn)定。3月份,規(guī)模以上工業(yè)增加值同比增長8.3%,增幅比前兩個月提高4.5個百分點;消費品工業(yè)呈現(xiàn)回升態(tài)勢,裝備制造業(yè)和部分原材料工業(yè)出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)機。強農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策加快落實,產(chǎn)生積極效果。糧食播種面積增加,夏糧長勢較好;農(nóng)資供應(yīng)充足,春耘備耕進展順利。三是結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整積極推進,區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性強,產(chǎn)業(yè)升級加快。中西部地區(qū)固定資產(chǎn)投資、工業(yè)增加值、社會消費品零售總額增長,都明顯高于全國平均水平。沿海地區(qū)工業(yè)總體增速雖然較低,但恢復(fù)加快。高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)增勢較強,生物生化制品、通信交換設(shè)備、醫(yī)療設(shè)備及器械制造業(yè)等增速明顯超過工業(yè)平均增速。四是城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)增加,居民收入提高。一季度城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)268萬人,城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)民人均現(xiàn)金收入同比實際分別增長11.2%和8.6%。五是銀行體系流動性充裕,金融市場平穩(wěn)運行,社會信心提振,市場預(yù)期改善。
China's package plan is already paying off, and positive changes have taken place in the economy.The situation is better than expected.First, investment growth is gaining speed, consumption is growing fairly fast, and domestic demand has been on the rise.The country's GDP grew by 6.1% in the first quarter of this year.Total fixed assets investment rose by 28.8%, up by 4.2 percentage points and 6.4 percentage points over the first and fourth quarters of last year respectively.Total planned investment in new urban construction projects jumped by 87.7%.Retail sales of consumer goods increased by 15.9% in real terms, registering a year-on-year growth of 3.6 percentage points.Thanks to the “Home Appliance to the Countryside Program” and lower taxes for small-engine cars, production and sales of household appliances and agro-machinery grew by a large margin and auto sales reached a record high.The total floor space of commercial housing sold expanded by 8.2%, a preliminary reversal of the year-long downward trend.Second, industrial output has gradually stabilized, and agricultural production is on the whole stable.In March, the added value of industries above a designated scale increased by 8.3% year-on-year, 4.5 percentage points higher than the previous two months.Consumer goods industry looked up, while equipment manufacturing and some raw material industries turned for the better.We have speeded up the implementation of the policies to strengthen agriculture and benefit farmers with good results.Grain acreage has increased and summer crops are growing well.With ample supply of agricultural means of production, preparations for spring plowing are well underway.Third, economic restructuring has made encouraging progress, regional development has become more coordinated and industrial upgrading is picking up speed.The fixed assets investment, industrial added value and total retail sales of consumer goods in central and western China are growing at a markedly higher pace than the national average.Though the overall growth rate of industries in the coastal areas remains low, these industries are nevertheless recovering at a faster speed.High-tech industries have registered robust growth.Manufacturing industries in biological and biochemical products, communication switch equipment, medical equipment and machinery are growing faster than the overall industrial growth of the country.Fourth, urban employment and people's income have risen.Figures of the first quarter show that 2.68 million jobs were created in urban areas, and per capita urban disposable income and per capita rural cash income grew by 11.2% and 8.6% year-on-year in real terms.Fifth, there is sufficient liquidity in the banking system and financial markets have been performing smoothly.Public confidence has become stronger and market expectations have improved.應(yīng)該看到,國際金融危機還在擴散蔓延,世界經(jīng)濟衰退的基本態(tài)勢沒有改變,金融體系存在的問題沒有解決,實體經(jīng)濟惡化超出預(yù)期,全球經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇可能經(jīng)歷較長和曲折的過程。受國際金融危機的影響,我國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展面臨的困難很大,主要是:外部需求持續(xù)萎縮,出口下降幅度較大;農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定生產(chǎn)、農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收難度加大;一些行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩,工業(yè)增長回升乏力,經(jīng)濟效益繼續(xù)下滑,財政收入減少,就業(yè)形勢十分嚴峻。
We should not, however, lose sight of the fact that the international financial crisis is still spreading, the basic trend of world economic recession is not reversed, problems in the financial system remain unresolved and the worsening of the real economy has been more serious than expected.The global economic recovery may be a long and tortuous process.The international financial crisis has presented China with great challenges in economic and social development, including a sharp decline in exports due to continuous contraction of external demand, greater difficulties in stabilizing agricultural production and increasing farmers' income, overcapacity in some industries, slow recovery in industrial growth, continued drop of economic returns, reduction in fiscal revenue and severe pressure of employment.在錯綜復(fù)雜的國內(nèi)外形勢下,我們既要看到經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的有利條件和積極因素,堅定戰(zhàn)勝困難的決心和信心;又要充分估計形勢的不確定性、不穩(wěn)定性,保持清醒頭腦,增強憂患意識,寧可把形勢估計得嚴峻一些,把困難考慮得充分一些,做好應(yīng)對更大困難的長期準備。我們要堅定不移地貫徹執(zhí)行積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策,毫不放松地全面實施應(yīng)對危機的一攬子計劃,努力把金融危機的影響降到最低限度,促進中國經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。Confronted with the complicated domestic and international situation, we should recognize the favorable conditions and positive factors in economic and social development, and strengthen our resolve and confidence in overcoming difficulties.On the other hand, we should be fully mindful of the uncertainties and instabilities of the situation, remain level-headed and be more vigilant against possible adversity in the future.It is advisable to have a more sober assessment of the situation and take into consideration all possible difficulties that we may encounter.This way, we can better prepare ourselves for greater and protracted challenges.We will resolutely enforce the proactive fiscal policy and the moderately easy monetary policy, spare no effort to implement our package plan, strive to minimize the impact of the financial crisis and promote steady and relatively fast growth of the Chinese economy.女士們,先生們,朋友們: Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,在經(jīng)濟全球化條件下,世界各國的命運已緊緊聯(lián)系在一起,沒有一個國家可以在國際金融危機中獨善其身,沒有一個國家能夠以一己之力戰(zhàn)勝這場危機。亞洲是全球經(jīng)濟最具活力和潛力的地區(qū)之一。人口約占全球總?cè)丝诘?0%,經(jīng)濟總量、貿(mào)易總額約占全球的1/4和1/3。雖然各國國情不同,但維護國家主權(quán)、加快經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、弘揚公平正義、增進國民福祉的目標是相同的;應(yīng)對國際金融危機,打擊恐怖主義和跨國犯罪,遏制疫病蔓延、環(huán)境惡化等方面面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是相似的;深化雙邊多邊合作、實現(xiàn)互利共贏的意愿是一致的。目前亞洲地區(qū)各種合作機制相繼建立并取得積極成效,經(jīng)濟、科技、人文等領(lǐng)域交流與合作不斷深化,合作的基礎(chǔ)日益牢固。有效應(yīng)對這場金融危機,亞洲各國不僅要把本國的事情辦好,而且要進一步加強合作,攜手努力,同舟共濟,推動亞洲共贏發(fā)展,成為世界經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇的重要引擎。Economic globalization has linked us closely together.No country can stay immune from the international financial crisis or overcome its impact on one's own.Asia is one of the most dynamic and promising regions in the world economy.Together, we take up 60% of the world's population, a quarter of the global economy and a third of global trade.Countries in this region have different national conditions, but we share the common goal of safeguarding sovereignty, accelerating economic growth, upholding equity and justice, and improving people's livelihood.We face similar challenges in tackling the international financial crisis, fighting terrorism and transnational crimes and curbing the spread of diseases and environmental degradation.And we have the same commitment to bilateral and multilateral cooperation for mutual benefit and win-win progress.We have put in place a variety of regional cooperation mechanisms, which have carried out effective work.Exchanges and cooperation among us in economy, science and technology, culture and other fields are deepening and the foundation of our cooperation is getting stronger.To counter the financial crisis, Asian countries should not only each run their own affairs well, but also step up cooperation and pull together like passengers in the same boat to promote win-win development and make Asia a key engine in reigniting world economic growth.中國是亞洲合作的積極參與者與建設(shè)者,堅定不移地奉行與鄰為善、以鄰為伴的周邊外交方針和睦鄰、安鄰、富鄰的周邊外交政策。特別是近些年來,我們與亞洲多個國家和地區(qū)簽署了雙多邊自貿(mào)協(xié)定,推進了貿(mào)易和投資的發(fā)展。我們還與一些國家和地區(qū)簽署了6份總額為235億美元雙邊貨幣互換協(xié)議,6 份總額為6500億元人民幣的雙邊本幣貨幣互換協(xié)議,豐富了區(qū)域金融合作的內(nèi)容和形式,增強了地區(qū)資金救助機制的作用。擁有19億人口、GDP近6萬億美元的中國-東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)將于2010年全面建成。我很高興地看到,2003年10月我在第七次東盟與中日韓領(lǐng)導人會議上提出的“推動清邁倡議多邊化”的設(shè)想,正在成為區(qū)域財金合作的重點,已經(jīng)邁出實質(zhì)性步伐。
China has taken an active part in building Asian cooperation.We follow a policy of making friends and partners in the surrounding areas and fostering an amicable, stable and prosperous neighborhood.In recent years in particular, we have concluded several bilateral and multilateral free trade agreements with other countries and regions in Asia, which have served to promote trade and investment.We have signed six bilateral currency swap agreements totaling US$23.5 billion and six bilateral currency swap agreements in local currencies worth RMB650 billion.These arrangements have enriched the content and form of regional financial cooperation and strengthened the role of regional liquidity assistance mechanisms.A China-ASEAN free trade area with a combined population of 1.9 billion and an aggregate GDP of nearly US$6 trillion will be fully established by 2010.In October 2003, I made a proposal at the 7th ASEAN plus China, Japan and the ROK Summit to advance the Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization.I am very pleased to see that this is now becoming a priority in regional financial cooperation and substantive steps have been taken in this regard.面對國際金融危機肆虐,中國愿意繼續(xù)同亞洲國家一道,積極應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn),全面加強合作,使各領(lǐng)域合作更加充實和富有活力,促進地區(qū)和平與繁榮。為此,我提出如下主張: In the face of the spreading financial crisis, China will continue to work with other Asian countries to actively tackle challenges and advance all-round cooperation with a view to enriching and energizing our cooperation and promoting peace and prosperity in the region.To achieve this, I wish to propose the following:
一是密切經(jīng)貿(mào)合作,堅決反對貿(mào)易保護主義。更加重視促進自由貿(mào)易,擴大區(qū)內(nèi)貿(mào)易規(guī)模。在海關(guān)、檢驗檢疫、物流和商務(wù)人員流動等方面采取有效措施,以實際行動降低貿(mào)易壁壘,避免設(shè)置新的貿(mào)易障礙。積極推進自由貿(mào)易區(qū)建設(shè),充分利用多雙邊自由貿(mào)易安排,發(fā)揮各國經(jīng)濟互補優(yōu)勢。中國決定在上海市和廣東省4 個城市開展跨境貿(mào)易人民幣結(jié)算試點,這一舉措對促進與周邊國家和地區(qū)的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系必將產(chǎn)生積極作用。
First, engage in closer economic cooperation and trade, and firmly oppose trade protectionism.We should make greater efforts to promote free trade and expand intra-regional trade.We should adopt effective measures concerning customs, quarantine, logistics and interflow of business people, take concrete steps to lower trade barriers and refrain from setting up new obstacles to trade.We should vigorously advance the building of free trade areas, make full use of multilateral and bilateral free trade arrangements and bring into play our economic complementarities.The Chinese Government has decided to introduce a pilot program of using RMB in the settlement of cross-border trade in Shanghai and four cities in Guangdong province.This will boost our economic cooperation and trade with neighboring countries and regions.二是加強財金合作,努力維護區(qū)域金融穩(wěn)定。充分發(fā)揮雙邊貨幣互換協(xié)議作用,研究擴大互換額度和簽約國范圍。去年10+3國家決定建立800 億美元外匯儲備庫,最近又將其規(guī)模擴大到1200億美元,顯示了本地區(qū)加強金融合作的迫切需要和強烈意愿。希望加快清邁倡議多邊化進程,最大限度照顧彼此關(guān)切,盡早達成共識,建成區(qū)域外匯儲備庫,增強本地區(qū)抵御金融風險能力。推進亞洲債券市場建設(shè),更好地利用區(qū)內(nèi)資金,促進亞洲經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。Second, strengthen financial cooperation and maintain regional financial stability.We should take full advantage of the bilateral currency swap agreements and study the possibility of expanding the swap size and number of participating countries.The 10+3 countries decided to set up a US$80 billion foreign exchange reserve pool last year and recently agreed to expand it to US$120 billion.This underlines the urgent need and our strong desire to strengthen regional financial cooperation.We hope the multilateralization process of the Chiang Mai Initiative will speed up.We should accommodate each other's concerns to the greatest extent possible, build consensus and establish a regional reserve pool as early as possible so as to better protect our region from financial risks.We should promote development of the Asian Bond Market and better utilize available regional funds to promote economic growth in Asia.三是深化投資合作,發(fā)揮投資在區(qū)域經(jīng)濟增長中的拉動作用。加快區(qū)域和次區(qū)域交通、電力、通訊領(lǐng)域建設(shè)步伐,逐步實現(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的互聯(lián)互通和網(wǎng)絡(luò)化。中國決定設(shè)立總規(guī)模為100億美元的“中國-東盟投資合作基金”,支持區(qū)域基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。各國擴大投資都要秉承開放精神,允許其他國家企業(yè)公平參與。鼓勵各國企業(yè)在區(qū)域內(nèi)相互投資,加強勞務(wù)合作,避免大規(guī)模遣返外國勞工。
Third, deepen investment cooperation to drive regional economic growth.We should accelerate the development of regional and sub-regional transportation, power and communication infrastructure to gradually achieve interconnectivity and form a network.China has decided to set up a US$10 billion “China-ASEAN Fund on Investment Cooperation” to support infrastructural development in the region.All countries should follow an open approach when expanding investment and allow equal participation of enterprises from other countries.We should encourage mutual investment among businesses within the region, strengthen labor services cooperation and avoid large-scale repatriation of foreign workers.四是推動“綠色”合作,促進亞洲經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)發(fā)展。積極有效地協(xié)調(diào)政策和行動,加強亞洲國家在節(jié)能環(huán)保、開發(fā)利用新能源和可再生能源等領(lǐng)域的合作,培育亞洲經(jīng)濟新的增長點。堅持“共同但有區(qū)別的責任”和公平原則,在《聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架公約》下,深化對話與交流,積極開展務(wù)實合作,為全球應(yīng)對氣候變化做出力所能及的貢獻。Fourth, advance “green” cooperation and promote sustainable economic growth in Asia.We should actively and effectively coordinate policies and actions to enhance cooperation in energy conservation, environmental protection and development and utilization of new and renewable energies, and foster new growth areas in the Asian economy.We should adhere to the principles of “common but differentiated responsibilities” and equity, intensify dialogue and exchanges and pursue practical cooperation in the context of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change so as to contribute our share to the global endeavor to fight climate change.五是加強在國際事務(wù)中的配合與協(xié)調(diào),促進世界和平穩(wěn)定繁榮。通過APEC、亞歐會議和東亞-拉美合作論壇、亞洲-中東對話等平臺,加強與其他地區(qū)的合作,提高合作效率和質(zhì)量。落實二十國集團領(lǐng)導人倫敦金融峰會共識,加強宏觀經(jīng)濟政策協(xié)調(diào);推進國際金融體系改革,提高新興市場和發(fā)展中國家的代表性和發(fā)言權(quán),加強對主要儲備貨幣發(fā)行經(jīng)濟體宏觀經(jīng)濟政策的監(jiān)督,推進多元化國際貨幣體系建設(shè);推動多哈回合談判取得全面、平衡的結(jié)果,特別要加強對發(fā)展中國家的貿(mào)易支持;認真落實聯(lián)合國千年發(fā)展目標,推進國際減貧進程,避免因金融危機減少對發(fā)展中國家的援助。
Fifth, enhance collaboration and coordination in international affairs and promote world peace, stability and prosperity.We in Asia should strengthen cooperation with other regions through such platforms as Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC), Asia-Europe Meeting(ASEM), Forum for East Asia-Latin America Cooperation(FEALAC)and Asia-Middle East Dialogue(AMED), and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of such cooperation.We should implement the consensus reached at the G20 Financial Summit in London and strengthen macroeconomic policy coordination.We should advance reform of the international financial system, increase the representation and voice of emerging markets and developing countries, strengthen surveillance of the macroeconomic policies of major reserve currency issuing economies, and develop a more diversified international monetary system.We should work for comprehensive and balanced outcomes in the Doha Round negotiations and give, in particular, more trade support to developing countries.We should work earnestly to meet the UN Millennium Development Goals, push forward the global poverty reduction process, and prevent a cutback in the assistance to developing countries as a result of the financial crisis.這里,我還想強調(diào)一點,工商界要在應(yīng)對國際金融危機、促進亞洲地區(qū)發(fā)展方面發(fā)揮積極作用。企業(yè)家要注重社會責任,妥善處理各種風險和隱患,要善于把握世界經(jīng)濟調(diào)整時機,不斷開拓創(chuàng)新,尋找新的發(fā)展機遇。亞洲發(fā)展?jié)摿薮?,區(qū)內(nèi)各類企業(yè)特別是跨國企業(yè),只要堅守在這塊土地上,盡量少關(guān)閉工廠、少裁員,加強各國企業(yè)在生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營、技術(shù)研發(fā)等方面合作,一定能夠在應(yīng)對危機中實現(xiàn)新的跨越。
I wish to stress here that the business community should play an active part in tackling the international financial crisis and promoting Asia's development.Entrepreneurs need to bear in mind their social responsibilities and properly manage risks and potential problems.They should seize the opportunities offered by world economic readjustments, take bold and pioneering steps, and explore new development opportunities.Asia is a region with enormous development potential.As long as enterprises in the region, particularly multinational corporations, remain committed to their business in Asia, minimize factory closures and employee layoffs, and enhance cooperation with their partners in other countries in production, management as well as research and development, they will emerge from the crisis stronger than before.女士們、先生們!Ladies and Gentlemen,我曾經(jīng)說過,信心比黃金和貨幣更重要。今天,我還要講一句話,希望像一盞永不熄滅的明燈,給各國、各企業(yè)和世界人民照亮方向。讓我們堅定信心,滿懷希望,攜手合作,共同開創(chuàng)亞洲更加美好的未來!
As I said before, confidence is more important than gold and currency.Today, I want to add one more thing, that is, hope is an ever-lasting beacon that will light up the way forward for countries, businesses and people around the world.Let us strengthen confidence, join hands and work together with strong hope for an even brighter future for Asia.謝謝大家!Thank you.
第五篇:溫家寶在中非合作論壇上的講話
溫家寶在中非合作論壇上的講話(全文)2009-11-09 03:32:51 來源: 新華網(wǎng) 跟貼 3 條 手機看新聞
新華網(wǎng)埃及沙姆沙伊赫11月8日電 國務(wù)院總理溫家寶8日在埃及沙姆沙伊赫出席中非合作論壇第四屆部長級會議開幕式并發(fā)表了題為《全面推進中非新型戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系》的重要講話。講話全文如下:
全面推進中非新型戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系
——在中非合作論壇第四屆部長級會議開幕式上的講話
中華人民共和國國務(wù)院總理 溫家寶
(2009年11月8日 沙姆沙伊赫)
尊敬的穆罕默德·胡斯尼·穆巴拉克總統(tǒng)閣下,尊敬的各位國家元首和政府首腦閣下,尊敬的非洲聯(lián)盟委員會主席讓·平閣下,各位代表團團長、部長和大使閣下,女士們、先生們:
來到美麗的海濱城市沙姆沙伊赫,與出席中非合作論壇第四屆部長級會議的各位朋友暢敘友情、共商合作,我感到非常高興。作為本次會議共同主席國的總理,我謹代表中國政府,對各位與會嘉賓表示熱烈歡迎,對埃及政府為本次會議所做的精心準備和周到安排表示衷心感謝!
中非合作論壇創(chuàng)立九年來,一直發(fā)揮著引領(lǐng)和推動中非關(guān)系發(fā)展的重要作用,日益成為中非加深友誼的橋梁、加強合作的平臺。特別是論壇北京峰會召開三年來,中非致力于共建政治上平等互信、經(jīng)濟上合作共贏、文化上交流互鑒的新型戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系,開創(chuàng)了中非合作的新局面。
——政治互信不斷增強。雙方高層往來更加頻繁、外交磋商與戰(zhàn)略對話日趨密切,非洲國家在涉及中國核心利益問題上更加堅定地支持中方,中非在重大國際和地區(qū)事務(wù)中相互協(xié)調(diào)配合,維護和擴大了廣大發(fā)展中國家的共同利益。
——經(jīng)貿(mào)合作日益深化。2008年中非貿(mào)易突破千億美元,同中國有貿(mào)易往來的非洲國家增加到53個;中國在非洲開工建設(shè)6個經(jīng)貿(mào)合作區(qū),中國企業(yè)到非洲國家落戶增加到近1600家,直接投資存量達到78億美元;工程承包和勞務(wù)合作規(guī)模不斷擴大,金融合作方興未艾。
——中國擴大對非援助取得實效。中國在遭受國際金融危機沖擊、自身面臨不少困難的情況下,信守諾言,全面落實北京峰會的承諾,對非援助規(guī)模翻了一番,免除33國168筆債務(wù)已近尾聲,總計50億美元的優(yōu)惠性質(zhì)貸款近期將全部到位,首期10億美元的中非發(fā)展基金如期啟動。這些不僅促進了非洲自我發(fā)展能力建設(shè),也為非洲國家應(yīng)對國際金融危機的沖擊發(fā)揮了積極作用。
——人文交流蓬勃開展。文教、衛(wèi)生、人力資源培訓等領(lǐng)域的交流與合作發(fā)展迅猛,中國為非洲國家培訓各類人員年底以前將達到15000人,青年、婦女、友好省市等領(lǐng)域的交往日趨頻繁,進一步加深了相互理解和傳統(tǒng)友誼。
女士們、先生們、朋友們,近年來,迅速提升的中非關(guān)系、日益密切的中非合作,吸引了全世界的目光。在這里我想強調(diào),中國不是近年來突然出現(xiàn)在非洲的,非洲也不是近年來才支持中國的。早在上世紀五、六十年代,中非就在反帝、反殖、反霸的歷史浪潮中并肩戰(zhàn)斗,在振興民族經(jīng)濟的艱辛歷程中攜手同行。坦贊鐵路、援非醫(yī)療隊、青年志愿者,是中國無私幫助非洲的生動例證;把中國“抬進”聯(lián)合國、北京奧運圣火在非洲順利傳遞、向四川汶川地震災(zāi)區(qū)熱心捐款,是非洲人民對中國人民情誼的真實寫照。中國政府和人民始終尊重非洲國家自主選擇社會制度的權(quán)利,支持非洲人民探索適合本國國情的發(fā)展道路,堅信非洲完全有能力以非洲方式處理好自己的問題。中非經(jīng)貿(mào)合作是建立在互利共贏、開放透明基礎(chǔ)之上的,中國對非洲的支持和援助,過去沒有、將來也永遠不會附加任何政治條件。中國樂見其他國家和國際組織積極參與非洲的開發(fā)與建設(shè),共同推動非洲的和平、發(fā)展與進步。
中非關(guān)系能夠經(jīng)受住國際風云變幻的考驗,始終保持蓬勃發(fā)展的勢頭,患難與共、相互支持是基礎(chǔ);相互尊重、平等相待是核心;互利合作、共同發(fā)展是關(guān)鍵。當今世界正在經(jīng)歷空前的大變革、大調(diào)整,中非同屬發(fā)展中國家,既面臨著加快發(fā)展的難得的歷史機遇,也面臨著紛繁復(fù)雜的全球性挑戰(zhàn)。雙方進一步加強互利合作,有利于充分發(fā)揮各自優(yōu)勢,實現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展;有利于帶動國際社會更加關(guān)注非洲,幫助非洲加快實現(xiàn)千年發(fā)展目標;有利于促進南南合作,提升發(fā)展中國家在國際政治、經(jīng)濟格局中的整體地位;有利于推動國際關(guān)系民主化和國際秩序公正化,建設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。
女士們、先生們、朋友們,當前,與其他地區(qū)一樣,非洲也面臨著金融危機、氣候變化等全球性問題的挑戰(zhàn)。金融市場波動,經(jīng)濟大幅下滑,外資流入銳減,一些國家和地區(qū)出現(xiàn)動蕩,實現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國千年發(fā)展目標任務(wù)更加艱巨;受氣候變化的影響,水旱災(zāi)害頻繁、沙漠化加劇、物種減少、糧食減產(chǎn)、生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化,可持續(xù)發(fā)展面臨嚴重威脅。
非洲人口占世界的1/7,是發(fā)展中國家最集中的大陸,非洲的發(fā)展,是實現(xiàn)世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展不可或缺的組成部分。作為非洲真誠可靠的朋友,中國對非洲面臨的困難和挑戰(zhàn)感同身受。中國呼吁國際社會要增強緊迫感,更加切實有效地支持非洲發(fā)展。一是堅持落實千年發(fā)展目標的決心不動搖,措施不減弱,切實履行對非援助承諾,積極為非洲創(chuàng)造有利的國際經(jīng)濟、貿(mào)易、金融等外部條件。二是深刻認識非洲國家提高適應(yīng)氣候變化能力的迫切需要,理解和支持非洲國家的合理關(guān)切和訴求,把幫助非洲應(yīng)對氣候變化與提高可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力緊密結(jié)合起來,通過綜合治理,促進非洲的全面協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。三是對非洲國家在應(yīng)對糧食安全、能源安全、流行性疾病等其他全球性問題面臨的特殊困難,給予更多理解、支持和幫助。
女士們、先生們、朋友們,在新形勢下,中國愿意和非洲國家不斷深化各領(lǐng)域務(wù)實合作,全面推進中非新型戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系。為此,我愿提出以下建議:
第一,加強戰(zhàn)略協(xié)調(diào),維護共同利益。保持高層交往勢頭,密切政治對話和磋商,就雙方共同關(guān)心的重大全球性問題加強協(xié)調(diào)配合,提升發(fā)展中國家在國際體系中的發(fā)言權(quán)和代表性,共同推動國際政治經(jīng)濟秩序朝著更加公正合理的方向發(fā)展。中國將一如既往地在國際場合為非洲仗義執(zhí)言,維護非洲國家的利益,同時與非洲國家加強應(yīng)對全球性挑戰(zhàn)策略和經(jīng)驗方面的交流,幫助非洲國家提高應(yīng)對能力和自我發(fā)展能力。
第二,落實千年發(fā)展目標,改善非洲民生。發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、消除貧困、改善民生,是非洲國家的首要任務(wù)。中國將繼續(xù)在力所能及范圍內(nèi)增加對非援助、減免非洲國家債務(wù),優(yōu)化對非援助結(jié)構(gòu),使援助項目進一步向農(nóng)業(yè)、教育、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、減貧、清潔飲用水等攸關(guān)民生的領(lǐng)域傾斜,幫助非洲盡早實現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國千年發(fā)展目標。
第三,提升經(jīng)貿(mào)合作,實現(xiàn)互利共贏。中非經(jīng)濟互補性很強,互利合作前景廣闊。應(yīng)大力發(fā)展中非貿(mào)易,盡快扭轉(zhuǎn)今年雙邊貿(mào)易下滑態(tài)勢,積極擴大非洲商品對華出口。中國鼓勵更多企業(yè)赴非洲投資,引導中國企業(yè)更多承擔社會責任,同當?shù)厝嗣窈湍老嗵帯R褜Ψ墙?jīng)貿(mào)合作同技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓結(jié)合起來,大力幫助非洲培訓技術(shù)人員和管理人才。
第四,促進人文交流,鞏固中非友好。中非都有著燦爛多姿的文化。雙方應(yīng)進一步加強文化交流和借鑒,鼓勵雙方舉辦各種文化節(jié)、藝術(shù)展和體育賽事,支持雙方民間組織、新聞媒體、學術(shù)機構(gòu)密切聯(lián)系。中國將繼續(xù)支持非洲發(fā)展教育、衛(wèi)生、科技等社會事業(yè),歡迎非洲各國參與上海世博會,充分展示非洲各領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展成果。
第五,拓寬合作領(lǐng)域,加強機制建設(shè)。中方愿加大對非洲和平安全事務(wù)的參與,增加對非洲一體化建設(shè)的支持,擴大同非洲區(qū)域性組織的合作。愿與非方共同努力,推進中非合作論壇機制建設(shè),促進雙方職能部門在論壇框架下開展合作,強化和擴展論壇對中非關(guān)系的促進和引領(lǐng)作用。
女士們、先生們、朋友們,中國人民對非洲人民的感情是真誠的,中國對非洲發(fā)展的支持是實實在在的。今后不管世界風云如何變化,我們同非洲人民的友誼不會變,與非洲深化互利合作、實現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展的決心不會變,支持非洲經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的政策不會變。在今后3年,中國政府將采取八項新舉措推進中非合作: 第一,倡議建立中非應(yīng)對氣候變化伙伴關(guān)系,不定期舉行高官磋商,在衛(wèi)星氣象監(jiān)測、新能源開發(fā)利用、沙漠化防治、城市環(huán)境保護等領(lǐng)域加強合作。中方?jīng)Q定為非洲援建太陽能、沼氣、小水電等100個清潔能源項目。
第二,加強科技合作,倡議啟動“中非科技伙伴計劃”,實施100個中非聯(lián)合科技研究示范項目,接收100名非洲博士后來華進行科研工作,并為其回國服務(wù)提供資助。
第三,增加非洲融資能力,向非洲國家提供100億美元優(yōu)惠性質(zhì)貸款;支持中國金融機構(gòu)設(shè)立非洲中小企業(yè)發(fā)展專項貸款,金額10億美元。對非洲與中國建交的重債窮國和最不發(fā)達國家,免除截至2009年底對華到期未還的政府無息貸款債務(wù)。
第四,擴大對非產(chǎn)品開放市場,逐步給予非洲與中國建交的最不發(fā)達國家95%的產(chǎn)品免關(guān)稅待遇,2010年年內(nèi)首先對60%的產(chǎn)品實施免關(guān)稅。
第五,進一步加強農(nóng)業(yè)合作,為非洲國家援建的農(nóng)業(yè)示范中心增加到20個,向非洲派遣50個農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)組,為非洲國家培訓2000名農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)人員,提高非洲實現(xiàn)糧食安全的能力。
第六,深化醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生合作,為援非30所醫(yī)院和30個瘧疾防治中心提供價值5億元人民幣的醫(yī)療設(shè)備和抗瘧物資,為非洲培訓3000名醫(yī)護人員。
第七,加強人力資源開發(fā)和教育合作,為非洲國家援助50所中非友好學校,培訓1500名校長和教師;到2012年,向非洲提供的中國政府獎學金名額將增至5500名;今后3年為非洲培訓各類人才總計2萬名。
第八,擴大人文交流,倡議實施“中非聯(lián)合研究交流計劃”,促進學者、智庫交往合作,交流發(fā)展經(jīng)驗,并為雙方出臺更好合作政策提供智力支持。
女士們、先生們、朋友們,53年前,埃及成為非洲第一個與新中國建交的國家。中埃建交開啟了中非關(guān)系的新紀元。今天,在埃及召開的中非合作論壇第四屆部長級會議,將成為中非關(guān)系進一步發(fā)展的新起點。非洲有句諺語:獨行可以走得快,結(jié)伴才能走得遠。中國也有句諺語:路遙知馬力,日久見人心。我相信,只要中非雙方同心協(xié)力、開拓進取、平等互利,我們就完全能夠抓住機遇、戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn),中非新型戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系就一定會邁上新的臺階,中非友誼與合作就一定會不斷地結(jié)出更加豐碩的成果。
最后,預(yù)祝本屆論壇部長級會議圓滿成功!