第一篇：墨萱圖閱讀原文及答案

《墨萱圖》

【元】王冕

燦燦萱草花，羅生北堂下。南風(fēng)吹其心，搖搖為誰(shuí)吐？ 慈母倚門(mén)情，游子行路苦。甘旨日以疏，音問(wèn)日以阻。舉頭望云林，愧聽(tīng)慧鳥(niǎo)語(yǔ)。

注解：

①萱草花：中國(guó)的母親花，早在康乃馨成為母愛(ài)的象征之前，我國(guó)也有一種母親之花，它就是萱草花。另一稱(chēng)號(hào)忘憂（忘憂草），來(lái)自《博物志》中：“萱草，食之令人好歡樂(lè)，忘憂思，故日忘憂草。

②北堂：”詩(shī)經(jīng)疏稱(chēng)：“北堂幽暗，可以種萱”；北堂即代表母親之意。古時(shí)候當(dāng)游子要遠(yuǎn)行時(shí)，就會(huì)先在北堂種萱草，希望母親減輕對(duì)孩子的思念，忘卻煩憂。

1、簡(jiǎn)要分析詩(shī)中萱草花這一意象的特征。（5分）

2、結(jié)合全詩(shī)賞析“舉頭望云林，愧聽(tīng)慧鳥(niǎo)語(yǔ)”。（6分）

參考答案

1.(1)萱草花，光彩耀眼，在南風(fēng)的吹拂下默默的吐露著芳華，有忘憂之意。(2分)(2)詩(shī)人用萱草花暗喻濃濃的母愛(ài)，雖說(shuō)忘憂，但對(duì)游子的牽掛卻終其一生。（3分）

2.（1）手法：細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)，“仰望云林”；心理描寫(xiě)或直接抒情，“愧聽(tīng)鳥(niǎo)語(yǔ)”（2）情感：表達(dá)了在外游子對(duì)故鄉(xiāng)母親的深切思念之情和不能在母親身邊盡孝的愧疚之情。（情感、手法各2分，分析2分）

翻譯：

燦燦的萱草花，生在北堂之下。

南風(fēng)吹著萱草，搖擺著是為了誰(shuí)吐露著芬芳？

慈祥的母親倚著門(mén)盼望著孩子，遠(yuǎn)行的游子是那樣的苦?。?/p>

對(duì)雙親的奉養(yǎng)每天都在疏遠(yuǎn)，孩子的音訊每天都不能傳到。

抬頭看著一片云林，聽(tīng)到慧鳥(niǎo)的叫聲思念起來(lái)至此很是慚愧。

第二篇：顧慮萱墨愛(ài)情詩(shī)歌

龍，盈盈繞繞

是我所喜歡的，所顧慮的一見(jiàn)你，亭亭玉立

從云間的末端摘下

把云收納

把風(fēng)兒放飛

把你送到我的心里

我開(kāi)始顧慮

冬天里的那一道裂痕

一個(gè)伴著鬼臉

一個(gè)愛(ài)著油菜花的飄香

一個(gè)無(wú)緣無(wú)故的愛(ài)上世人

一個(gè)，寫(xiě)著卑賤的詩(shī)歌

我想告訴你，悄悄的做你微風(fēng)的紡織車(chē)

你不怨，不怨

用陌生的手撫慰我的心

山丹丹的山崗上

紅彤彤的艷陽(yáng)把兒郎高照

你是我的依靠，靠著悠悠的山

伴著嘩啦啦的水

你用歌聲呼喚我，追著馬兒

狂奔在草原上

我親愛(ài)的卓瑪啊卓瑪

愛(ài)琴海的水養(yǎng)育著

風(fēng)和雨共融的地方

你有不滅的誓言，塞外的夕陽(yáng)紅

我有眷戀的你，普度蒼生

你朝著東方

我做你西方的樹(shù)

第三篇：翻譯原文及答案

新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)讀寫(xiě)教程4課后翻譯

2013-05-28 00:35:01

新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第二版）讀寫(xiě)教程4課后翻譯原題與答案

Unit 1

1.這種植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成長(zhǎng)。

The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed.2.研究結(jié)果表明，無(wú)論我們白天做了什么事情，晚上都會(huì)做大約兩個(gè)小時(shí)的夢(mèng)。

Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day.3.有些人往往責(zé)怪別人沒(méi)有盡最大努力，以此來(lái)為自己的失敗辯護(hù)。

Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.4.我們忠于我們的承諾：凡是答應(yīng)做的，我們都會(huì)做到。

We remain true to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do, we would do it.5.連貝多芬的父親都不相信自己兒子日后有一天可能成為世界上最偉大的音樂(lè)家。愛(ài)迪生也同樣如此，他的老師覺(jué)得他似乎過(guò)于遲鈍。

Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world.The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.6.當(dāng)局控告他們威脅國(guó)家安全。

They were accused by the authorities of threatening the state security.1.If you move into any place other than your own private home, make sure you know what the rules are about pets if you have one.出入除自己家以外的任何場(chǎng)所時(shí)，如果你帶有寵物，一定要了解有關(guān)寵物的規(guī)定。

2.Some women could have made a good salary in job instead of staying at home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.一些女性完全可以不待在家里，而是去工作，掙一份不錯(cuò)的工資。但是為了家庭，她們放棄了工作。

3.How can you justify such rudeness? You will pay heavily for that because they have sued you for damaging their good name.你怎么為這樣粗魯?shù)男袨檗q護(hù)? 你將會(huì)為此付出沉重的代價(jià)，因?yàn)樗麄円呀?jīng)以詆毀名譽(yù)的罪名起訴你了。

4.Criticism can be of great use;we may not like it at the time, but it can spur us on to greater things.批評(píng)有其重要作用；我們可能當(dāng)時(shí)不喜歡它，但是它能激勵(lì)我們?nèi)プ龈鼈ゴ蟮氖虑椤?/p>

5.His uncompromising behavior, to which the public objected, left him bankrupt emotionally and financially.他毫不讓步的行為遭到公眾的反對(duì)，這使得他陷入了精神上崩潰、經(jīng)濟(jì)上破產(chǎn)的境地。

6.Even if you fail, don't let failure harm you, don't let failure take over.Remember failure is a necessary step in learning;it is not the end of your learning, but the beginning.即使你失敗了，也不要被失敗傷害，更不要被失敗左右。記?。菏∈菍W(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中必要的一步；它不是學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)束，而是學(xué)習(xí)的開(kāi)始。

Unit 2

1.要是這部喜劇中的人物更幽默些的話，就會(huì)吸引更多的觀眾。

If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience.2.她從未對(duì)自己的能力失去信心，因此她有可能成為一名成功的演員。

She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress.3.我從未受過(guò)正式培訓(xùn)，我只是邊干邊學(xué)。

I never had formal training, I just learned as I went along.4.隨著產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入國(guó)際市場(chǎng)，他們的品牌知名度越來(lái)越高了。

As their products find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining in popularity.5.她可以編造一個(gè)故事，說(shuō)自己被竊賊打昏，所有的錢(qián)都沒(méi)了，但她懷疑自己是否能讓這故事聽(tīng)起來(lái)可信。

She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.6.誰(shuí)都不清楚他是否故意推遲了這次訪問(wèn)，可是這引起了對(duì)他更多的批評(píng)。

No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him.1.If there had been no Charlie Chaplin, the history of world cinema would have been different.如果沒(méi)有查理?卓別林，世界電影史就會(huì)不一樣了。

2.It was a relief that his hard work eventually gave him the result that he had long desired: He successfully discovered the cause of the disease.令人感到寬慰的是，他的努力最終給予了他長(zhǎng)期渴望的結(jié)果──他成功地發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種疾病的原因。

3.Charlie Chaplin was one of the greatest and most widely loved movie stars.From The

Tramp to Modern Times, he made many of the funniest and most popular films of his time.He was best known for his character, the youthful and lovable Little Tramp.查理?卓別林是最偉大、最廣受熱愛(ài)的電影明星之一。從《流浪漢》到《摩登時(shí)代》，他拍攝了許多他那個(gè)時(shí)代最有趣、最受歡迎的電影。他最出名的是他扮演的一個(gè)人物──年輕可愛(ài)的小流浪漢。

4.Chaplin was an immensely talented man: Within only two years of his first appearance in motion pictures in 1914, he became one of the best-known personalities in the nation.卓別林是一個(gè)才能非凡的人：自他1914年第一次在電影中出現(xiàn)，兩年時(shí)間內(nèi)他就成了這個(gè)國(guó)家最有名的人物之一。

5.Charlie Chaplin had an impact on everyone's life in the early 20th century.He made more people laugh than any other man who ever lived and changed the way people looked at the world.查理?卓別林對(duì)20世紀(jì)初期每個(gè)人的生活都產(chǎn)生了影響。與有史以來(lái)的任何人相比，他讓更多的人歡笑，改變了人們看待這個(gè)世界的方式。

6.On Christmas Day in 1977 Charlie Chaplin passed away.He left behind family and friends saddened by his death, and millions of fans worldwide.1977年，查理?卓別林在圣誕節(jié)那天去世了，身后留下了悲傷的家人和朋友，以及全世界數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的影迷。

Unit

31.據(jù)報(bào)道有七八位官員收受賄賂，市長(zhǎng)決定親自出馬調(diào)查這件事。

Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has decided to look into the affair in person.2.這些工人后悔當(dāng)時(shí)接受管理部門(mén)的意見(jiàn)重新回去工作。現(xiàn)在他們?cè)俅蚊媾R失業(yè)的危險(xiǎn)了。These workers regret yielding to the management's advice and going back to work.Now they are again faced with the threat of losing their jobs.3.你只需填寫(xiě)一張表格就可取得會(huì)員資格，它可以使你在買(mǎi)東西時(shí)享受打折的優(yōu)惠。

You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which entitles you to a discount on goods.4.不知為什么他們的汽車(chē)在半路壞掉了，結(jié)果他們比原計(jì)劃晚到了三個(gè)小時(shí)。

Their car broke down halfway for no reason.As a result they arrived three hours later than they had planned.5.那位官員卷入了一場(chǎng)丑聞，數(shù)周后被迫辭職。

The official got involved in a scandal and was forced to resign weeks later.6.這個(gè)靠救濟(jì)過(guò)日子的人開(kāi)始慢慢地建立起自己的市場(chǎng)，生意日漸興隆。

The man living on welfare began to build up his own market, one step at a time and his business is thriving.1.The man is reported to have said in private that “we are being made fools of by many of our clients, so we are entitled to have them bow to us as compensation.”

據(jù)報(bào)道這個(gè)男子曾在私下說(shuō)：“許多救濟(jì)對(duì)象在欺騙我們，因此，作為補(bǔ)償，我們有權(quán)讓他們對(duì)我們點(diǎn)頭哈腰?！?/p>

2.After considering your background and experience, we regret to inform you that we don't have an appropriate job opportunity for you at current stage.我們考慮了你的背景與經(jīng)歷，很遺憾地告訴你，我們目前沒(méi)有適合你的工作機(jī)會(huì)。

3.I failed to take my cue from Oscar.Instead, I talked back to the woman, who turned out to be our new manager.我沒(méi)能按奧斯卡的暗示去做，相反，我反駁了那個(gè)婦女，結(jié)果她竟然是我們的新經(jīng)理。

4.There needs to be someone who can act as a champion for the rights of the poor because the system so easily lends itself to abuse.需要有人來(lái)充當(dāng)窮人權(quán)利的捍衛(wèi)者，因?yàn)檫@一體制太容易被濫用。

5.I called the police for help after my car broke down on the freeway.Twenty minutes later, they came to my rescue.我的車(chē)子在高速公路上拋錨后，我打電話向警察求助，20分鐘后他們趕來(lái)幫我。

6.He was passionate for art, but he went through tremendous pain—pain of poverty and misunderstanding.他熱愛(ài)藝術(shù)，卻經(jīng)受了巨大的痛苦──貧窮與誤解。

Unit 4

1.我父母不是對(duì)我的教育投資，而是把錢(qián)花在了買(mǎi)新住房上。

Rather than invest in my education, my parents spent their money on a new house.2.如今，人們用于休閑娛樂(lè)的開(kāi)支是過(guò)去的兩倍。

Today, people are spending twice as much on entertainment and relaxation as they did in the past.3.一家公司要成功，它必須跟上市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展。

In order to be successful, a business must keep pace with developments in the marketplace.4.與申請(qǐng)這個(gè)職位的其他女孩相比，她流利的英語(yǔ)是個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)。

Her fluency in English gave her an advantage over other girls for the job.5.對(duì)于學(xué)生而言，沒(méi)有任何地方比圖書(shū)館更好了，在那里所有的圖書(shū)都任由他們使用。For students, nowhere is better than the library, where all the books are at their disposal.6.我們要充分利用好這個(gè)平臺(tái)，加強(qiáng)交流，拓展合作領(lǐng)域，共謀發(fā)展大計(jì)。

We should make full use of the platform to strengthen communication, expand cooperation in more areas and seek further development through joint efforts.1.The developing countries see information technologies as a means to accelerate their economy, but some lack experience in weighing costs and choosing between technologies.發(fā)展中國(guó)家認(rèn)為信息技術(shù)是促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的途徑，但一些國(guó)家在估算成本與選擇技術(shù)方面缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

2.The world is said to have about 3,000 times as much groundwater as water it has in rivers and lakes, and groundwater is far cleaner.據(jù)說(shuō)地球擁有的地下水量大約是其擁有的河流和湖泊水量的三千倍，而且地下水要干凈得多。

3.Anyone can take good photos—it's just a matter of being in the right place at the right time.任何人都能照出好照片──問(wèn)題只是你是否在合適的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。

4.By installing computers in their schools and libraries, the community leaders demonstrated that they were determined not to lag behind in technology.通過(guò)在他們的學(xué)校和圖書(shū)館安裝計(jì)算機(jī)，這些社區(qū)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)們表明他們決心不在技術(shù)上落后。

5.When he started the company, he thought he'd be able to cruise alongside the top businesses in the market, but he is disappointed because he hasn't yet succeeded.當(dāng)他開(kāi)始創(chuàng)辦這家公司時(shí)，他想他將能在市場(chǎng)上與那些頂級(jí)公司并駕齊驅(qū)，可是他現(xiàn)在失望了，因?yàn)樗麤](méi)有成功。

6.A Florida couple is building what they say will be the home of the future, one strong enough to withstand hurricanes, yet gentle enough to blend in with the environment.佛羅里達(dá)的一對(duì)夫婦在建造一座他們稱(chēng)之為未來(lái)之家的房子，它既能抵御颶風(fēng)，又與周?chē)h(huán)境十分協(xié)調(diào)。

Unit 5

1.這位小個(gè)子男子并不如他看上去那么單純。

This little man is not so innocent as he appears.2.對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題我已束手無(wú)策了，所以你不妨去求助于王教授吧。

There's nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor Wang for help.3.雙方高度評(píng)價(jià)了在不同領(lǐng)域合作取得的成果，并希望合作進(jìn)一步加深。

Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, and hope that the cooperation can be furthered.4.一方面，親民形象能使新政策更易于被民眾接受，另一方面，它也能“廣直言之路，啟進(jìn)善之門(mén)”。

On the one hand, an image of being close to the people can get a new policy more easily

accepted.On the other hand, it will “encourage people to speak their minds and come up with

constructive suggestions”.5.他孤獨(dú)的感覺(jué)時(shí)起時(shí)落，他有時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)自己、對(duì)寵物、對(duì)電視機(jī)嘮叨不休。

His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length to himself and his pets and the television.6.畢竟，金錢(qián)不是萬(wàn)能的，最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。

After all, money is not everything.The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.1.The new mechanism is not so effective as they had expected, for months passed and there has been no big improvement in management efficiency.新的機(jī)制并不像他們預(yù)期的那樣有效，因?yàn)閿?shù)月過(guò)去了，但管理效率并沒(méi)有明顯改進(jìn)。

2.I don't want to scare you unnecessarily, but you might as well face facts and look at a few numbers.我不想不必要地嚇唬你，可你最好還是面對(duì)事實(shí)，看看一些數(shù)字吧。

3.Loneliness is marked by a sense of isolation.Solitude, on the other hand, is a state of being alone without being lonely and can lead to self-awareness.孤獨(dú)的特點(diǎn)是一種與世隔絕感，而獨(dú)居則是獨(dú)自一人卻不感到寂寞的狀態(tài)，它能引發(fā)自我意識(shí)。

4.Loneliness is a negative state.One feels that something is missing.It is possible to be with people and still feel lonely—perhaps the bitterest form of loneliness.孤獨(dú)是一種消極的狀態(tài)，你會(huì)感到失去了某種東西。你可能與別人在一起仍然感到孤獨(dú)——這也許是孤獨(dú)最痛苦的形式。

5.Solitude is a positive state of engagement with oneself.Solitude is desirable, a state of being alone where you provide yourself wonderful and sufficient company.獨(dú)居是一種與自我相約的積極的狀態(tài)。獨(dú)居是值得向往的，是獨(dú)自一人、享受自我愉快而又充實(shí)的陪伴的一種狀態(tài)。

6.Thoreau says that loneliness can occur even amid companions if one's heart is not open to them.梭羅說(shuō)，一個(gè)人即使身處同伴之中，如果不對(duì)他們敞開(kāi)心扉，仍會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)。

第四篇：徐渭《墨葡萄圖》賞析

淺談徐渭

徐渭（1521—1593年），字文清，后更字文長(zhǎng)，號(hào)天池，晚又號(hào)青藤道人、田水月等，浙江山陰（今紹興）人。明文學(xué)家、戲曲家、書(shū)畫(huà)家。傳世著名作品有《墨葡萄圖》軸、《山水人物花鳥(niǎo)》冊(cè)、《牡丹蕉石圖》軸，以及晚年所作《墨花》九段卷等。

徐渭的作品主要是水墨寫(xiě)意花卉，在繼承沈周、陳淳寫(xiě)意技巧上，筆墨更為自由活潑，縱橫馳騁，淋漓滿紙、不受任何拘束，加上題句，以表達(dá)他心中的憤懣，對(duì)世態(tài)的諷刺，并真正發(fā)揮了中國(guó)畫(huà)筆墨紙張?zhí)厥庑Ч鴦?chuàng)立了水墨大寫(xiě)意畫(huà)法，因此被譽(yù)為中國(guó)大寫(xiě)意花鳥(niǎo)花派的創(chuàng)派始祖。主要藝術(shù)特色表現(xiàn)在：內(nèi)容上的文人畫(huà)物質(zhì)和形式上的水墨大寫(xiě)意技法。文人畫(huà)物質(zhì)突出體現(xiàn)在作品的主體化和個(gè)性化方面，徐渭擅長(zhǎng)繪文人所熟悉和喜愛(ài)的四君子、荷花、芭蕉等，尤喜以花木在凄風(fēng)苦雨中的姿態(tài)，來(lái)象征他人生的苦痛。牡丹屬寶貴花，色彩絢爛，但他卻常以水墨繪之，不著意刻畫(huà)花卉的自然生趣，而是從主觀出發(fā)，有意改其本性，從而借題發(fā)揮，直抒胸襟，抒寫(xiě)自己的懷才不遇。橫溢雄闊的才情、變幻莫測(cè)的意境、高曠脫俗的情趣。詩(shī)書(shū)畫(huà)的三結(jié)合也是其文人畫(huà)的特質(zhì)。徐渭的水墨寫(xiě)意法，不僅將技巧升華到新的高度，還強(qiáng)化了文人畫(huà)特色。他筆下的形象，以寥寥幾筆，傾倒墨汁的淋漓水墨，渾然天成地傳達(dá)出物象的神韻，將寫(xiě)意法演變?yōu)榇髮?xiě)意法，真正達(dá)到了“逸品”和文人畫(huà)所標(biāo)榜的“逸筆草草，不求形似”。

半生落魄已成翁，獨(dú)立書(shū)齋嘯晚風(fēng)，筆底明珠無(wú)處賣(mài)，閑拋閑擲野藤中。

此詩(shī)出自明代著名畫(huà)家徐渭的《墨葡萄圖》的題畫(huà)詩(shī)，作為徐渭的代表杰作，《墨葡萄圖》成為研究徐渭不得不提的一幅重要作品。徐渭把水墨花卉大寫(xiě)意推向顛峰并開(kāi)宗立派。從《墨葡萄圖》中我們可以充分體會(huì)到大師的藝術(shù)精神之所在。

《墨葡萄圖》，紙本，水墨，純以水墨寫(xiě)葡萄，以飽含水分的潑墨寫(xiě)意法。點(diǎn)畫(huà)葡萄枝葉，水墨酣暢。老藤錯(cuò)落低垂，串串葡萄倒掛枝頭，晶瑩欲滴，茂葉以大塊水墨點(diǎn)成信筆揮灑，任乎性情，意趣橫生，風(fēng)格疏放，作畫(huà)狀物不拘形似，僅略得其意，重在寄興遣懷。隨意涂抹點(diǎn)染，倒掛枝頭，形象生動(dòng)。畫(huà)藤條紛披錯(cuò)落，向下低垂。葡萄珠的晶瑩透徹之感，顯得淋漓酣暢。用筆似草書(shū)之飛動(dòng)，淋漓恣縱，詩(shī)畫(huà)與書(shū)法在圖中得到恰如其分的結(jié)合。茂盛的葉子風(fēng)格疏放，不法語(yǔ)形似，代表了徐渭大寫(xiě)意花卉的風(fēng)格，也是明代寫(xiě)意花卉高水平的杰作。

畫(huà)中的物象不是十分逼真，這正是徐渭的創(chuàng)意所在。他不機(jī)械地復(fù)寫(xiě)客觀世界，也不拘于陳法，提出“不求形似求生韻”的藝術(shù)主張，將技法升華到全新高度，且是以“筆”在“意”先來(lái)完成作品，追求“舍形而悅影”，以放縱簡(jiǎn)逸的寥寥數(shù)筆，就渾然天成地傳達(dá)出物象的神韻。其精神境界則真正達(dá)到了文人畫(huà)所標(biāo)榜的“逸筆草草，不求形似”逸品觀。恰如清戴熙在跋徐渭《雜花卷》中所云：“爭(zhēng)勢(shì)飄舉矣，卻善控馭；墨氣淋漓矣，卻不澡漏。至其才情之雄闊，意境之變化。一氣鼓鑄，而萬(wàn)有牢籠，真腕存造化者，開(kāi)拓心腦，推倒豪杰，可為田水月。

《墨葡萄圖》作為繪畫(huà)史上杰出的佳作，充分代表了徐渭作品的特點(diǎn)。從題畫(huà)詩(shī)“半生落魄已成翁”（古人稱(chēng)六十歲左右的人為翁），可以看出，這幅作品應(yīng)作于徐渭出獄后的幾年間。

徐渭天才卓異，但一生坎坷，出生日就喪父，此后災(zāi)難接踵而至，長(zhǎng)兄經(jīng)商失敗，不久棄世，妻子早亡，八次應(yīng)鄉(xiāng)試未中。后又因恐受胡宗憲的連累，于嘉靖四十四年（時(shí)年四十四歲），自書(shū)墓志銘，并雇工匠做好棺木，蓄意自殺。曾用利斧擊破自己頭顱，血流滿面，頭骨皆折，不死；后又用錘子擊碎自己的腎囊，仍不死。如此“九死輒九生，絲斷復(fù)絲續(xù)”。那時(shí)，他的精神狀態(tài)已接近瘋狂，最后終因疑心繼室張氏不貞，失手將她打死，被捕下獄，監(jiān)禁了六年。出獄后佯狂益甚，貧病交加，數(shù)千卷書(shū)籍變賣(mài)殆盡，七十三歲時(shí)，結(jié)束了“幾間東倒西歪屋，一個(gè)南腔北調(diào)人”的悲慘一生?！赌咸褕D》上的題詩(shī)，正是徐渭才情滿腹而不得施展，歷經(jīng)劫難，心中憤懣悲歌的不平之鳴！

整體構(gòu)圖較為工整，是寫(xiě)實(shí)風(fēng)格，但筆墨極為桀驁不羈，有一氣呵成之感，仔細(xì)觀察局部更是能強(qiáng)烈的感受到畫(huà)家的癲狂之氣，完全沒(méi)有條理，又是典型的熱抽象之極，體現(xiàn)了情緒與動(dòng)作美。作者通過(guò)整體的構(gòu)圖形成了整體的意境，將熱抽象與寫(xiě)實(shí)風(fēng)格較好的融合到了一起，完成了這幅佳作。作者將水墨葡萄與自己的身世感慨結(jié)合為一，一種飽經(jīng)患難、抱負(fù)難酬的無(wú)可奈何的憤恨與抗?fàn)?，盡情抒泄于筆墨之中。

中國(guó)古代佯狂的藝術(shù)家不少，可真正如荷蘭的梵高那樣發(fā)瘋，生時(shí)寂寞后并為后人頂禮膜拜的大家實(shí)在不多——徐渭就是這樣一個(gè)“可憐”的人物。

第五篇：徐渭 《墨葡萄圖》欣賞

徐渭 《墨葡萄圖》欣賞

徐

渭（明代文學(xué)家、書(shū)畫(huà)家、戲曲家、軍事家）徐渭（1521年—1593年），漢族，紹興府山陰（今浙江紹興）人。初字文清，后改字文長(zhǎng)，號(hào)青藤老人、青藤道士、天池生、天池山人、天池漁隱、金壘、金回山人、山陰布衣、白鷴山人、鵝鼻山儂、田丹水、田水月（一作水田月[1]）。明代著名文學(xué)家、書(shū)畫(huà)家、戲曲家、軍事家。曾擔(dān)任胡宗憲幕僚，助其擒徐海、誘汪直。胡宗憲被下獄后，徐渭在憂懼發(fā)狂之下自殺九次卻不死。后因殺繼妻被下獄論死，被囚七年后，得張?jiān)淼群糜丫让狻４撕竽嫌谓鹆?，北走上谷，縱觀邊塞阨塞，?？犊琛Ｍ砟攴浅Ｘ毧?，藏書(shū)數(shù)千卷被變賣(mài)殆盡，自稱(chēng)“南腔北調(diào)人”，終于萬(wàn)歷二十一年（1593年）去世，年七十三。徐渭多才多藝，在詩(shī)文、戲劇、書(shū)畫(huà)等各方面都獨(dú)樹(shù)一幟，與解縉、楊慎并稱(chēng)“明代三才子”。他是中國(guó)“潑墨大寫(xiě)意畫(huà)派”創(chuàng)始人、“青藤畫(huà)派”之鼻祖，其畫(huà)能吸取前人精華而脫胎換骨，不求形似求神似，山水、人物、花鳥(niǎo)、竹石無(wú)所不工，以花卉最為出色，開(kāi)創(chuàng)了一代畫(huà)風(fēng)，對(duì)后世畫(huà)壇（如八大山人、揚(yáng)州八怪等）影響極大。書(shū)善行草，寫(xiě)過(guò)大量詩(shī)文，被譽(yù)為“有明一代才人”。能操琴，諳音律，愛(ài)戲曲，所著《南詞敘錄》為中國(guó)第一部關(guān)于南戲的理論專(zhuān)著，另有雜劇《四聲猿》、《歌代嘯》及文集傳世?！赌咸褕D》徐渭的寫(xiě)意花卉，“走筆如飛，潑墨淋漓”，在用筆上強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)“氣”字，用墨上強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)“韻”字。他的用筆看似草，若斷若續(xù)，實(shí)際筆與筆之間有“筆斷意不斷”的氣勢(shì)在貫通著；他的用墨看似狂涂亂抹，滿紙淋漓，實(shí)際上是墨團(tuán)之中有墨韻，墨法之中顯精神。他的恣肆縱橫、解衣盤(pán)薄，在其潑墨大寫(xiě)意中得到淋漓盡致的展現(xiàn)?！赌咸褕D》最能代表他的大寫(xiě)意花卉風(fēng)格。圖中純以水墨畫(huà)葡萄，隨意涂抹點(diǎn)染，倒掛枝頭，形象生動(dòng)。畫(huà)藤條紛披錯(cuò)落，向下低垂。以飽含水分的潑墨寫(xiě)意法，點(diǎn)畫(huà)葡萄枝葉，水墨酣暢。用筆似草書(shū)之飛動(dòng)，淋漓恣縱，詩(shī)畫(huà)與書(shū)法在圖中得到恰如其分的結(jié)合。作者將水墨葡萄與自己的身世感慨結(jié)合為一，一種飽經(jīng)患難、抱負(fù)難酬的無(wú)可奈何的憤恨與抗?fàn)帲M情抒泄于筆墨之中。