第一篇：2012屆高考英語復習 名詞性從句精講精練學案 新人教版

名詞性從句

名詞性從句的幾個難點 that通常不可省略的三種情況(1)引導主語從句，that置于句首時。

That he failed in the exam made his parents disappointed.他考試不及格讓父母很失望。

(2)當一個句子有兩個或多個并列的賓語從句時，引導第二和以后幾個從句的that不可省略。

I wished(that)we could go sighting in Hangzhou this summer and that we could buy some books on our way back in Shanghai.我希望今年夏天我們能去杭州旅游，并在返程時在上海買些書回來。(3)由it作形式賓語時，that引導的賓語從句中，that也不可省略。He has made it clear that he wouldn’t agree to the plan.他已清楚表明不同意這項計劃。what和that在名詞性從句中的區(qū)別

(1)what在名詞性從句中可充當主語、賓語和表語，意義上相當于the thing(s)that，引導主語從句時，其謂語動詞的單復數(shù)由表語的單復數(shù)而定；what引導的從句可作介詞的賓語從句。

What he wants are those books.他需要的是那些書。What he wants is some water.他需要的是一些水。

A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ago.一個現(xiàn)代化的城市已經(jīng)在10年前還是一塊廢地的地方建造起來了。

(2)that不充當任何句子成分，只起連接作用，無任何意義；引導主語從句時，常用it作形式主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；引導賓語從句時，常被省略；that從句一般不充當介詞賓語，偶爾可作except，in的賓語。

That she will refuse the offer seems unlikely.(＝It seems unlikely that she will refuse the offer.)她不可能拒絕那個建議。

I have found(that)all the tickets have been sold out.用心

愛心

專心 1

我發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的票已售完。

He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.除了有點粗心之外，他是一個好學生。whether與if的用法比較

(1)二者均可作“是否”講，都可以引導名詞性從句，引導賓語從句可以互換。I don’t know whether/if he’ll attend the meeting.我不知道他是否會出席會議。

(2)在下列情況下，常用whether，不用if。①whether引導從句可以放于句首。

Whether he comes or not makes no difference.他來不來都一樣。

②whether可引導表語從句和同位語從句，if不可。

The question whether he should join the team has not been decided upon.他是否入隊的問題還沒決定。

The question is whether it is worth trying.問題是這是否值得一試。

③whether可以作介詞賓語，if則不可。

I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll lend him the money.關于是否借給他錢的問題，我還沒最后決定。④whether后可以加不定式，if不可。

He didn’t know whether to get married or to wait.他不知道是該結婚還是該等待。

⑤可以說whether...or引導讓步狀語從句，“無論，不論”，if則不可。Whether it rains or snows，I don’t care.無論下雨還是下雪，我都不在乎。that引導的定語從句和同位語從句的區(qū)別

(1)that 作為關系代詞引導定語從句，在從句中可作主語、賓語和表語，作賓語時常可省略；that引導同位語從句時，起連詞作用，無實義，也不作句子的任何成分，一般不能省略。The news(that)he told me surprised me.(定語從句)他告訴我的消息讓我很吃驚。

用心

愛心

專心

The news that he gave in surprised me.(同位語從句)他投降的消息讓我很吃驚。

(2)能跟同位語從句的通常是抽象名詞，常見的有belief(信念)，fact(事實)，idea(想法)，hope(希望)，doubt(懷疑)，news(新聞)，problem(問題)，order(命令)，decision(決定)，discovery(發(fā)現(xiàn))，information(信息)，knowledge(知識)，opinion(觀點)，truth(事實)，report(報道)，thought(想法)等，同位語從句用于說明這些名詞的具體內容。而跟定語從句的名詞則范圍廣泛。

The fact that the transport of the goods cost too much was not discussed.運費太高這一事實沒有被討論。

We have strong belief that we will win the war.我們對能贏得這場戰(zhàn)爭抱有堅定的信心。

We have some doubt whether they can come on time.我們懷疑他們是否能準時來。

1．(2009年江西卷)The fact has worried many scientists________the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A．what

B．which C．that D．though 【解析】 本題考查同位語從句。句意為：近年來全球氣候不斷變暖，這一事實使得很多科學家感到擔憂。該題同位語從句結構完整，故選連詞that。【答案】 C 2．(2009年北京卷)At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see________it got any better.A．when C．why

B．how D．if 【解析】 句意為：一開始他不喜歡這份新工作，但還是決定給自己幾個月的時間來看一看是否情況會有好轉。此題考查賓語從句。從句中不缺少時間、地點、原因，排除A、B、C三項。D項表示“是否”，符合題意。【答案】 D 3．(2009年天津卷)It is obvious to the students________they should get well prepared for their future.用心

愛心

專心

A．a(chǎn)s

B．which

D．that C．whether 【解析】 句意為：顯然，學生們應該為他們的未來做好充分的準備。that引導主語從句，在從句中不作句子成分，it是形式主語。as引導定語從句或狀語從句；which引導名詞性從句時，意為：哪個(些)；whether是否，在此句中如用此詞，則語義矛盾?！敬鸢浮?D 4．(2009江蘇卷)Many young people in the West are expected to leave________could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.A．a(chǎn)s B．that D．what C．which

【解析】 分析句子結構，leave需要一個賓語；could be需要一個主語，所以要選一個能引導賓語從句且能在句子中作主語的詞，只有what能滿足要求。【答案】 D 5．(2009年全國卷Ⅰ)Could I speak to________is in charge of International Sales，please? A．a(chǎn)nyone C．whoever B．someone D．no matter who 【解析】 句意為“我可以同負責管理國際銷售部的人談一談嗎？”句中to為介詞，其后是名詞性從句，而從句中缺少主語和關聯(lián)詞，故選C。no matter who引導狀語從句?！敬鸢浮?C 6．(2009年浙江卷)—Is there any possibility________you could pick me up at the airport? —No problem.A．when B．that

D．what C．whether 【解析】 句意為：——你到機場來接我行嗎？——沒問題。that引導同位語從句，說明possibility的內容?！敬鸢浮?B 7．(2009年重慶卷)We should consider the students’request________the school library provide more books on popular science.用心

愛心

專心

A．that B．when D．where C．which

【解析】 句意為：我們應當考慮學生們的要求，即學校圖書館應該多提供關于大眾科學方面的書籍。此題考查名詞性從句。名詞request后的同位語從句句子結構完整，不缺任何成分，故用that引導?！敬鸢浮?A 8．(2009年四川卷)News came from the school office________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A．which C．that B．what D．where 【解析】 句意為：學校辦公室傳出了王琳已經(jīng)被北京大學錄取的消息。這是一道考查同位語從句的題目，news是同位語從句的先行詞。【答案】 C 9．(2009年安徽卷)A good friend of mine from________I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.A．how B．whom D．which C．when

【解析】 句意為：在我正要動身去北京前，我幼時的一個好朋友來我家里了。從句意分析，選擇when表示從我出生時就是我的一個好朋友?！敬鸢浮?C 10．(2009年江蘇卷)Many young people in the West are expected to leave________could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.A．a(chǎn)s B．that D．what C．which

【解析】 分析句子結構，leave需要一個賓語；could be需要一個主語，所以要選一個能引導賓語從句且能在句子中作主語的詞，只有what能滿足要求。【答案】 D 1．(2010屆江西高安中學月考)The information will be helpful to________will take over the job.A．those B．who

用心

愛心

專心

C．whoever

D．a(chǎn)nyone 【解析】 考查名詞性從句。句意為：無論誰接管這份工作，這一信息都將對他有幫助?！皐hoever will take over the job”是介詞to的賓語，whoever在從句中作主語。如果選擇A、D兩項，需要在后面加上who?！敬鸢浮?C 2．(2010屆貴陽部分學校聯(lián)考)The painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate________its price would be.A．that B．which C．what D．/ 【解析】 考查名詞性從句。這里用what引導賓語從句，并在從句中作表語。這畫太名貴了，很難估量其價格?！敬鸢浮?C 3．(2010屆鄭州一中月考)________you don’t like him is none of my business.A．What C．That B．If D．Whether 【解析】 考查名詞性從句。that引導主語從句，在從句中不作成分；what引導主語從句時充當句中成分；if不能引導主語從句；whether引導的主語從句應是肯定句。由語意可知C項正確?！敬鸢浮?C 4．(2010屆濟南統(tǒng)考)The media today can draw public attention to________help is actually needed.A．that C．where B．which D．whose 【解析】 本題考查賓語從句的引導詞，結合題干，where引導賓語從句并且在賓語從句中作地點狀語?！敬鸢浮?C 5．(2010屆臨川一中期中測試)________medicine works in a human body is a question________not everyone can understand fully.A．How；that C．What；which B．That；which

D．What；that

用心

愛心

專心

【解析】 how在句中引導主語從句；that引導定語從句，修飾限定question。句意為：藥物是如何作用于人體的，這個問題并不是每個人都能完全理解的?！敬鸢浮?A 6．(2010年鄭州一模)—I think it’s going to be an argument.—Yes，it could be.—I wonder________we can do about it.A．what B．how D．whether C．when

【解析】 考查名詞性從句。what引導的名詞性從句作wonder的賓語，且what作從句中謂語動詞do的賓語。其他選項沒有這個功能?！敬鸢浮?A 7．(2010年海淀一模)Sorry I’m so late，but you cannot imagine________great trouble I took to find your house.A．what C．which B．how D．why 【解析】 考查賓語從句。take great trouble to do something表示“不辭辛勞地做某事”。在此，what引導的賓語從句同時是一個感嘆句，what修飾名詞trouble。而how在感嘆句中修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞?！敬鸢浮?A 8．(2010年成都第一次診斷)Professor Backman took up scientific research for decades，and this is________he devoted all his life to.A．which C．where B．what D．how 【解析】 考查名詞性從句。what引導表語從句且在從句中作介詞to的賓語，表示“什么”。【答案】 B 9．(2010年上海春招)Tina was hesitating about the job offer as she did not know________the company was an established one.A．whether C．Until

B．what D．a(chǎn)lthough 【解析】 考查名詞性從句。句意為：Tina對所提供的工作正在猶豫中，因為她不知道這

用心

愛心

專心

家公司是不是一家地位穩(wěn)固的公司。此處whether引導賓語從句，作know的賓語。【答案】 A 10．(2010年濰坊檢測)It could be judged from her eyes________she was very satisfied with her performance.A．what C．that B．which

D．where 【解析】 考查名詞性從句。句意為：她對她的表現(xiàn)很滿意，這可以從她的眼睛里判斷出來。It是形式主語，that引導的從句是真正的主語?！敬鸢浮?C 11．(2009年石家莊質量檢測一)The problem is________we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.A．when C．how B．where D．that 【解析】 根據(jù)句意可知此處用how引導表語從句。【答案】 C 12．(2010年長春市第一次調研)________you have picked up，you must give it back to________it belongs to.A．Whatever；whoever B．What；no matter who C．No matter what；no matter who D．Whatever；no matter who 【解析】 考查讓步狀語從句與名詞性從句。從句子的結構和語意可以看出前一部分是讓步狀語從句，可以使用no matter what或whatever來引導；to是介詞，后面接的是賓語從句，因此引導詞只能使用whoever，而不能使用no matter who?！敬鸢浮?A 13．(2010年西安檢測)After working on the maths problem for hours，he found________he thought was the key to it.A．what C．where B．that D．which 【解析】 考查名詞性從句。what引導的名詞性從句作found的賓語從句的主語，而且what

用心

愛心

專心

在名詞性從句中作thought的賓語。其他選項不符合語法?！敬鸢浮?A 14．(2009年皖南八校二模)—I will give you happily________you ask for only if I have.—I like you indeed.A．whichever

B．whatever D．no matter which C．no matter what 【解析】 whatever引導名詞性從句且作for的賓語。句意為“無論你要什么，我都會高興地給你，只要我有”?！敬鸢浮?B 15．(2009年合肥三模)It was not what he said but________he said it that hurt my feelings.A．that C．how B．what D．whether 【解析】 考查名詞性從句。這是一個強調句，強調的是主語，he said it基本句意完整，所以用表示方式的how來引導?！敬鸢浮?C

用心

愛心

專心 9

第二篇：高考英語一輪復習1名詞性從句教學案

專題11 名詞性從句

考綱展示 命題探究

考點一 主語從句

基礎點

主語從句是在復合句中充當主語的從句，通過放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

主語從句的連接詞

在句中起主語作用的從句稱為主語從句。連接主語從句的連接詞主要有三類：從屬連詞、連接代詞和連接副詞。

(1)從屬連詞

從屬連詞主要有兩個that, whether；從屬連詞在從句中不作任何成分。That he will come to the conference has excited every one of us.他要來參加會議使我們每一個人都十分激動。Whether you can succeed depends on yourself.你是否能成功取決于你自己。

特別提醒

if一般(不在句首)引導主語從句。that引導主語從句不能省略。(2)連接代詞

連接代詞在從句中起名詞的作用，作主語、賓語、表語、定語等，一般表示疑問。who誰，whom誰(賓格)，whose誰的，what什么，which哪一個，whoever無論是誰，whomever無論是誰(賓格)，whosever無論是誰的，whatever無論是什么，whichever無論是哪一個。

What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我們說什么還不清楚。

Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize.你們當中第一個到達這里的人將獲得這個獎品。

特別提醒

主語為從句時，謂語動詞一般要用單數(shù)形式；但如果what引導的從句作主語、代表復數(shù)概念時，謂語動詞則常用復數(shù)形式。

What we need is water.我們所需要的是水。

What we need are useful books.我們所需要的是有用的書。(3)連接副詞

連接副詞在從句中起副詞的作用，作狀語，一般表示疑問，但有時不表示疑問。when什么時候，where在哪里，why為什么，how如何，whenever無論是什么時候，wherever無論在哪里，however無論如何。

Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英語晚會將在哪里舉行還沒有宣布。

Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.它們?yōu)槭裁赐蝗幌н€是個謎。

重難點

it作形式主語的主語從句

(1)It＋be＋adj.＋主語從句。常用于該句型的adj.有： necessary必要的 likely可能的 clear清楚的 important重要的 possible可能的 right正確的 wrong錯誤的 strange奇怪的 natural自然的 certain肯定的 obvious明顯的

It_is_quite_clear_that the whole project is to fail.很清楚，整個項目就要失敗。

典例1 It is by no means clear ________the president can do to end the strike.[答案] what 句意：總統(tǒng)可以采取什么措施來結束罷工一點兒都不清楚。此句中it是形式主語，代替后面的真正的主語從句，故設空處應填能夠引導主語從句的連接詞，由于從句中及物動詞do后缺少賓語，故應使用連接代詞what。

(2)It＋be＋名詞/名詞詞組＋主語從句。常用于該句型的名詞或名詞詞組有： shame遺憾

pity可惜

hope希望 no wonder難怪 good news好消息

It_is_a_shame_that we should have lost such an important customer.真遺憾我們失去了一位如此重要的客戶。

It_is_our_hope_that the two sides will work together.我們的希望是雙方能夠合作。

(3)It＋be＋過去分詞＋主語從句。常用于該句型的過去分詞有：

said據(jù)說

believed被相信

reported據(jù)報道 thought被認為 known所知

It_is_said_that our school will hold a sports meet next week.據(jù)說我們學校下周要舉行運動會。

It_has_been_decided_that they should start the project next month.他們要在下個月開始這項工程已經(jīng)定下來了。

(4)It＋特殊動詞/動詞短語＋主語從句。常用于這種結構的特殊動詞/動詞短語有： seem看上去

appear顯得

happen碰巧 matter重要 turn out結果是

It_happened_that a lion was hiding nearby.剛好有一頭獅子躲在旁邊。

Does it_matter_that I won't attend the meeting tomorrow? 明天我不去參加會議要緊嗎？

典例2 It doesn't matter ________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.[答案] whether 句意：在十字路口無論你向左轉還是右轉都沒關系——兩條路都通往公園。It是形式主語，設

空處應填入引導主語從句的連接詞，從句后半部分的連詞or提示本題為whether...or...結構，表示“是……還是……”。

典例3 It's no longer a question now ________man can land on the moon.[答案] that 句意：現(xiàn)在人類登上月球不再是問題?？疾槊~性從句，it為形式主語，后面的從句是真正的主語。由于引導詞在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用，故用that。

[考法綜述] 了解名詞性從句的基本用法，掌握各引導詞的用法，辨析that與what，掌握it作形式主語的常見結構。

命題法 考查主語從句的引導詞

典例1 ________we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.[答案] How 句意：我們如何理解事物與我們的感受有很大關系。分析句子結構可知，________we understand things 在句中作主語，是主語從句，根據(jù)句意可知，此處應用連接副詞how。

典例2 What Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won't accept it.________________________________________________________ [答案] What→Where 依據(jù)語境可知，此處指有些人對大詩人李白的出生地存在質疑，分析句子結構可知，What Li Bai，...was born在句中作主語且其中只缺狀語，因此改為Where，引導主語從句。what引導名詞性從句要在從句中作主、賓或表語。

【解題法】(1)掌握各引導詞在意義和功能上的差別。

(2)在語篇型語法填空中，考查名詞性從句的引導詞是不給提示詞的，考生要分析句子結構，找出主語部分，分析引導詞在從句中所作成分和表達的意義。

(3)在短文改錯中，考查引導詞的錯用，掌握相似引導詞的差別，如what和that等。從引導詞在從句中所作成分和意義入手。

A．單句填空

1．Exactly________the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.答案 when [句意：馬鈴薯具體是在什么時候被引入歐洲的并不確定，但有可能是在1565年左右。由句意可知，后一分句是來補充說明前一分句中的不確定的內容的，根據(jù)“around 1565”可知是對時間進行提問，因此用when引導前面的主語從句。] 2．I think________impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.答案 what [句意：我認為他的畫給我印象最深的是他對色彩的運用。what引導主語從句，且在從句中作主語，表示“……的”。] 3．Some people believe________has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.答案 what/whatever [句意：一些人認為，不管是以前發(fā)生的還是現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事情都會在將來重現(xiàn)。此處“________has happened before or is happening now”是主語從句，且從句中缺少主語，故填what/whatever。] 4．________the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.答案 When [句意：延誤的飛機何時起飛很大程度上取決于天氣狀況。根據(jù)句意填連接副詞When。] 5．________makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.答案 What [句意：使這本書非同尋常的是這位作家創(chuàng)造性的想象力。What在此處引導主語從句，并在從句中作主語。] 6．________you are on good terms with your classmates will affect your mood.答案 Whether [句意：你與同學相處得是否融洽會影響你的情緒。此處為主語從句，if表示“是否”且于句首時不引導主語從句。根據(jù)句意可知應用Whether。] 7．It suddenly occurred to me ________I hadn't locked my door.答案 that [句意：我突然想起我沒鎖門。it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導的從句。It occurs to sb.that意為“某人突然想起……”。] 8．As the spokeswoman said，________we should take action against them depends on what they will do.答案 whether [句意：正如女發(fā)言人所說的那樣，我們是否應該針對他們采取行動取

決于他們將會怎么做。本空需要用連接詞引導主語從句，表示“是否”，因此用whether引導。] 9．—What made her so happy? —________her son passed the college entrance examination.答案 That [句意：——是什么使她這么快樂？——她兒子通過高考了。答語為that引導的主語從句，引導詞在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用。] 10．________will matter is not how many books you read, but how much you learn when you finish reading them.答案 What [句意：重要的不是你讀了多少書，而是你讀完書后學到了多少。從句子結構看，is前面是一個主語從句，從句中缺少主語，應用What。] B．單句改錯

1．That you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.________________________________________________________ 答案 That→What [句意：你在會上所說的話描述了公司的光明前途。分析句子結構可知，引導主語從句，且在從句中作賓語，故用What, That引導主語從句，在從句中不作成分。] 2．It remains to be seen that the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→whether [句意：這個新成立的委員會的政策能否實施還有待觀察。分析句子結構可知，It 作形式主語，而真正的主語是后面的從句“that the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice”；再根據(jù)句意可判斷，此處表示“是否”，故改為whether, that無意義。] 3．It struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.________________________________________________________ 答案 It→What [句意：這部電影最打動我的是父親對他兒子深深的愛?！癐t struck me most in the movie”為主語從句，從句中缺少主語，表示“所……的”，故用What，It不引導從句。] 4．Which one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.________________________________________________________ 答案 Which→Whichever [句意：你們中任何一個人打破窗戶都必須賠償。根據(jù)題干中one of you可知，空處要用whichever修飾one, 指“你們中的任何一個人”。which指哪一個，表達疑問，故改為whichever。] 5．It doesn't matter how many times you fail;that matters is how many times you stand up and try again.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→what [句意：你失敗多少次都不要緊；要緊的是你有多少次站起來并再次嘗試。分析句子成分可知，“that matters”是主語從句，從句中缺少主語，指物，故用what引導。that不作成分。]

6．We have learned from the story that which is most valuable is not what we have in our lives but who we have in our lives.________________________________________________________ 答案 which→what [“which is most valuable”是主語從句，在賓語從句中作主語，根據(jù)語境可知，該主語從句缺少主語且表示事物，故用what。which指某一范圍中的哪個或哪些。] 7．It was never clear that the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→why [句意：不清楚這個人為什么不早一點報告那起事故。此處需要連接副詞引導主語從句并在從句中作原因狀語，why表示“為什么……”。故把that改為why。] 8．—The manager finally agreed to our new marketing proposals.—It never occurred to me what you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→that [答句表示“我根本就沒想到你能說服他改變自己的看法”，句中It作形式主語，這里應該用that引導主語從句，連接詞在從句中不作任何成份，也無意義。故把what改為that。]

考點二 賓語從句

基礎點

在句中起賓語作用的從句稱為賓語從句(Object Clause)。賓語從句可分為三類：動詞后的賓語從句、介詞后的賓語從句、形容詞后的賓語從句。賓語從句的連接詞

I think(that)you should turn to the teacher for help.我認為你應該向老師求助。I wonder whether/if it is true.我想知道它是否是真的。

I wonder what I can do for you.我不知道能為你做些什么。

He didn't tell me when we would meet again.他沒告訴我什么時候我們再相見。

Could you please show me how you operate the machine? 你能給我展示一下如何操作這臺機器嗎？

I don't know whom you should depend on.我不知道你該信任誰。

典例1 Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ________he could have expressed it differently.[答案] that 句意：杰瑞不后悔給出評論，但是覺得自己本來可以用不同的方式來表達的。從句that he could have expressed it differently作felt的賓語，連接詞that在從句中不作成分。故填that。

特別提醒

that引導賓語從句時，常被省去，但下列情況下不能省略：①當that從句作介詞的賓語時；②動詞后跟有多個that引導的賓語從句時，只有第一個that可以省略，引導第二個和以后幾個從句的that不可省略；③賓語從句前有插入語時；④that引導的從句位于句首時。

I know nothing about him except that he is from the countryside.除了他來自鄉(xiāng)下以外，我對他一無所知。

He said(that)he liked rain very much and that he wouldn't use an umbrella when it was raining.他說他非常喜歡雨，下雨天他都不愿打傘。

We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.恰恰相反，我們希望他和我們待在家里。That our team will win, I believe.我相信我們隊會贏。

一般來說，能引導主語從句的連接詞都能引導賓語從句。

表疑問的賓語從句需要運用陳述句語序，但個別賓語從句本應運用陳述語序，但由于習慣而仍保持原疑問語序不變。

I don't know what is the matter with the machine.我不知道這臺機器怎么了。2 動詞后接賓語從句的用法

(1)大多數(shù)及物動詞及動詞短語后可接賓語從句。

We should keep in mind that there is no short cut to learning.我們應當牢記，學習是沒有捷徑的。(2)用it作形式賓語的賓語從句。

一些動詞后的賓語從句有賓語補足語時，則需要用it作形式賓語，而將that引導的賓語從句后置。常見的這類動詞有：

find發(fā)現(xiàn)

feel感覺

think認為 consider考慮 believe相信 guess猜測 suppose假定，設想 make使得

I think it necessary that we drink plenty of boiled water every day.我認為我們每天喝大量開水是有必要的。

The teacher made it a rule that all the cleaning should be finished before 7：30 every morning.老師規(guī)定每天早晨7：30之前所有的清掃工作必須結束。

(3)動詞hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜歡”，“厭惡”的動詞以及一些動詞短語see to, depend on, rely on等常用it作形式賓語，而將賓語從句后置。

I hate it_when they talk with their mouths full of food.我討厭他們滿嘴食物時說話。

I would appreciate it_if you can help me.如果你能幫助我，我將不勝感激。

典例2 You can always rely on________Jack says, as he never tells a lie.[答案] what 句意：你完全可以相信杰克的話，因為他從不說謊。what引導賓語從句作rely on的賓語，what在從句中作says的賓語。介詞后接賓語從句的用法

(1)一般情況下介詞后只能接wh-類連接詞引導的賓語從句。He'll talk to us about what he saw in the USA.他將給我們講述他在美國的見聞。

典例3 When she was awake, she found that she was standing on________seemed to be a piece of stone.[答案] what 句意：當她醒來時，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己好像正站在一塊石頭上。stand on后接賓語從句，賓語從句缺少引導詞和主語，what在賓語從句中作主語，that引導的從句一般不作介詞賓語。故填what。

(2)in, but, except 等少數(shù)幾個介詞后可接由that引導的賓語從句，但此時介詞和that已形成固定搭配，即in that因為，but that要不是，except that除了。

The high income tax is harmful in_that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.所得稅很高是有害的，因為它可能使人不愿意多賺錢。He would have failed but_that you helped him.若不是你幫助他，他會失敗的。(but that意為“若不是，要不是”)4 形容詞后接賓語從句的用法

(1)表示情感的形容詞后可接賓語從句，如：afraid, certain, glad, pleased, sure, surprised, sorry, happy, confident, anxious, aware, convinced, determined, proud, worried, thankful, ashamed, annoyed, disappointed, hurt, content等。

I'm very pleased that all of your family will come.我很高興你們全家都會來。

I'm sure that they'll make it in spite of the terrible weather.我確信盡管天氣很不好，但他們會準時到達的。

(2)sure后賓語從句的連接詞that, whether, if的選擇。

當be sure用于肯定句時，其后的賓語從句的連接詞常用that；當be sure用于否定

句時，其后的賓語從句的連接詞常用whether或if。

Are you sure that I won't bother you if I sit beside you? 你確定我坐在你旁邊不會打擾你嗎？

I am not sure whether I should write to him or not.我不確定要不要給他寫信。

重難點 賓語從句的時態(tài)

(1)主句的謂語動詞如果是一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時，從句的謂語動詞可用任何所需要的時態(tài)。

He says that he studies at school from Monday to Friday.他說他從周一至周五都在學校學習。

He will tell us what happened to him during our absence.他會告訴我們我們不在的期間他出了什么事的。

(2)主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時時，從句的謂語動詞要用相應的過去時態(tài)。The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday afternoon.那個男孩說周日下午沒有課。

My Chinese teacher asked me if I was reading the book Red and Black when he came in.我的語文老師問我他進來時我是否在讀《紅與黑》這本書。

(3)如果從句表示客觀事實或真理，不管主句的謂語動詞是何種時態(tài)，從句都要用一般現(xiàn)在時。

As a child, I was told that the moon has no light of its own.I didn't believe it.孩提時，人們告訴我月亮自身不會發(fā)光，我不相信。

特別提醒

學習賓語從句的時態(tài)的有關知識時要注意：若主句的謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時，從句的謂語動詞須根據(jù)需要選用相應的時態(tài)；若主句的謂語動詞用一般過去時，則從句的謂語動詞也應用過去的某種時態(tài)(一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時)；若從句的內容為客觀事實、格言、諺語、真理等，從句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)不受動詞時態(tài)一致性原則的限制，仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時；若從句的內容為歷史事實，從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時。賓語從句的否定轉移

(1)主句主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞think, believe, suppose, imagine, guess等后面的賓語從句中的否定詞要轉移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定形式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定形式。

I don't_think I can remember the 100 words within two hours.我想我不能在兩小時內記住這100個單詞。I don't_suppose that he likes it.我想他不喜歡它。

(2)含有否定轉移的句子變反意疑問句時有兩種情況：若主句主語是第一人稱，簡短問

句的主語和謂語應分別與賓語從句的主語和謂語保持一致；若主句主語不是第一人稱，簡短問句的主語和謂語應分別與主句的主語和謂語保持一致。

I don't_think(that)he is interested in that thing, is he? 我認為他對那件事不感興趣，是嗎？

You don't_imagine he passed the exam, do you? 你認為他沒有通過這次考試，是嗎？

“I don't think/believe/suppose/expect so.”是常見的表達，但是沒有“I don't hope/guess so.”，正確的表達應為“I hope/guess not.”。

[考法綜述] 考查賓語從句主要集中在對引導賓語從句的各引導詞的考查上，以及it作形式賓語的賓語從句的考查。

命題法 考查賓語從句的引導詞

典例1 I truly believe ________beauty comes from within.[答案] that 句意：我真的相信美是發(fā)自內心的。分析句子結構可知，________beauty comes from within在句中作believe的賓語，是賓語從句，不缺少句子成分，故填that。

典例2 As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly what thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.________________________________________________________ [答案] what→how 根據(jù)語境和形容詞thick可知應用how引導賓語從句，表示程度。此處表示要弄清楚到底土坯房的墻需要“多”厚。故把what改為how。

【解題法】(1)分析句子結構，找出主句謂語，判斷從句類別。掌握各引導詞在意義、功能上的差別。

(2)在語篇型語法填空中，要分析設空處在從句中的成分和意義，結合整個主句的結構和意義，從而找到合適的引導詞。

(3)在短文改錯中，先分析主句結構，再分析從句的類別，熟記各引導詞的特點，找出使用錯誤的引導詞，并改正。

A．單句填空

1．The exhibition tells us ________we should do something to stop air pollution.答案 why [句意：該展覽告訴我們?yōu)槭裁次覀円扇〈胧┳柚箍諝馕廴?。根?jù)句意以及句子結構可知，空格處用why引導賓語從句。] 2．—I wonder ________Mary has kept her figure after all these years.—By working out every day.答案 how [根據(jù)答語“By working out every day”可知，空格處用how 來引導賓語從句，表示方式。] 3．Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for________ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.答案 what [句意：讀著她的自傳，我對Doris Lessing 在文學上已經(jīng)取得的成就贊嘆不已。根據(jù)句子結構來判斷，for后接一個賓語從句，而從句中缺少賓語，所以要用what。] 4．We must find out________Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.答案 when [句意：我們一定要搞清楚Karl什么時候來，以便我們給他訂房間。由句意可知，要給Karl訂房間，那么就要清楚他來這里的時間，故填when。] 5．Susan made it clear to me ________ she wished to make a new life for herself.答案 that [句意：蘇珊清楚地向我表明，她希望自己開始一種新的生活。it為形式賓語，設空處引導的賓語從句為真正的賓語。從句結構和句意完整，故用that。] 6．After a long journey, those young men finally reached ________they called the paradise.答案 what [句意：長途跋涉后，這些年輕人最終到達了他們稱之為天堂的地方?！癬_______they called the paradise”是賓語從句，作reach的賓語，在從句中call缺賓語，故用what引導賓語從句同時作從句中call的賓語。] 7．The 3G cellphone must be of great use and convenience to________wants to get the information through the Internet quickly.答案 whoever [句意：3G手機對于那些想要快速瀏覽網(wǎng)絡獲取信息的人來說一定是非常方便實用的。whoever引導賓語從句作介詞to的賓語，且whoever在從句中作主語，相當于anyone who。] 8．John seemed puzzled about________the question meant.答案 what [句意：John 對這個問題意味著什么感到很迷惑。根據(jù)句子的結構判斷，about后接的是一個賓語從句，而從句中meant缺少賓語，所以填what。] 9．Mom often phones me, asking________I am getting along with my studies.答案 how [句意：母親常給我打電話，問我學習進展如何。此處asking 后為賓語從句，根據(jù)句意可知，應填how。] 10．Are you sure________Mr Li will come to your birthday party? 答案 that [句意：你確定李先生要來參加你的生日晚會嗎？空處引導賓語從句，且在從句中不作成分，故用that引導。] B．單句改錯

1．It is difficult for us to imagine that life was like for slaves in the ancient world.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→what [句意：對我們來說很難想象在古代奴隸的生活是什么樣子的。What...be like為固定形式，表示“……是什么樣子”。what引導的賓語從句作imagine的賓語，同時what在賓語從句中作介詞like的賓語。] 2．Pick yourself up.Courage is doing that you're afraid to do.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→what [句意：振作起來。勇氣就是做你害怕要去做的。分析句子結構可知，doing后為賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語，故用what。that在名詞性從句中不作成分。] 3．Police have found where appears to be the lost ancient statue.________________________________________________________ 答案 where→what [句意：警察已經(jīng)找到了與丟失的古代的雕像類似的東西。分析句子結構可知，用what引導賓語從句，并在從句中作主語。where是副詞，不作主語。] 4．Experts believe why people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.________________________________________________________ 答案 why→that [句意：專家們相信，人們只有在必要時才去購物就能減少食物浪費。根據(jù)句意和結構可知，believe后面要求接賓語從句，而且從句中不缺句子成分，也無意義，所以用that。] 5．Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in which they are wearing.________________________________________________________

答案 which→what [句意：有些人太過在意自己的外表，總是問(別人)自己穿在身上的衣服看起來是否不錯。分析句子結構，再結合句意“他們所穿的衣服”應使用連詞what引導這一賓語從句，what在從句中作wear的賓語，指代人穿的衣服。which在引導名詞從句時意為“哪一個”，不合題意，故把which改為what。] 6．Only when you go to New York City in person will you realize what diverse the American culture is.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→how [句意：只有當你親自來到紐約時，你才會意識到美國文化是多么不同。根據(jù)how＋adj./adv.＋主語＋其他部分可知，應用how。故把what改為how。] 7．The bride and groom gave who attended their wedding some gifts to share their happiness.________________________________________________________ 答案 who→whoever [句意：新郎和新娘給任何一個參加他們婚禮的人發(fā)禮物以分享他們的幸福。分析句子成分可知，“who attended their wedding”是賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，故用whoever，意為“無論誰”，而who意為“誰”，表疑問。] 8．—Dad, I want to go out for dinner with my friends tonight.—Keep in mind when you have to be home by 9：00.________________________________________________________ 答案 when→that [句意：——爸爸，今晚我想和朋友們一起出去吃飯?！涀∧?點前必須回家。keep in mind that...是習慣用語，意為“記住……”，其中that引導的從句作keep的賓語。故把when改為that。] 9．This still leaves the question of that local public services should be improved in the next five years.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→how [句意：未來五年地方公共服務應該如何改進的問題仍然遺留下來。應用how引導的從句作介詞of的賓語，且how在從句中作方式狀語。how意為“如何”，that無意義。故把that改為how。] 10．He seems too tired today, and I wonder that he got a good sleep last night.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→if/whether [句意：他今天似乎太累了，我想知道他昨天晚上是否睡得好。賓語從句表示是否，動詞后可用if或whether, that無意義，故把that改為if/whether。]

考點三 表語從句和同位語從句

基礎點

一、表語從句

在句子中作表語的從句稱為表語從句(Predicative Clause)。引導表語從句的連接詞主要有：從屬連詞that, whether;連接代詞who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等；連接副詞when, where, why, how等。此外，表語從句還可用because和as if/as though等連接詞引導。表語從句的連接詞

從屬連詞在句中只起連接作用，不作成分；連接代詞在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語；連接副詞在從句中作狀語。

從屬連詞：that，whether 連接代詞：what，who，whose，which，whatever，whoever，whosever，whichever等

連接副詞：how，when，where，why等

The question is whether you can afford it.問題是你是否買得起。

Our plan is that we'll go there once a week.我們的計劃是一周去那里一次。That's what he said.那就是他說的話。

Your big opportunity is right where you are now.好機會就在你眼前。

特別提醒

if不引導表語從句；that引導表語從句一般不省略。

典例1 —When choosing furniture, you only focus on function while I think more about the design.—That's ________we differ.[答案] where 句意：——在選擇家具時，你只注重功能而我更注重設計?！钦俏覀儾煌牡胤健？疾楸碚Z從句。where在從句中作狀語。as if/as though引導的表語從句

此類表語從句可用陳述語氣，也可用虛擬語氣，常跟在一些連系動詞后面，如： seem似乎

look看起來

taste嘗起來 sound聽起來 feel摸起來 appear好像

It seemed as_though it had happened yesterday.那件事好像昨天發(fā)生的一樣。

It looks as_if it is going to rain.看起來天要下雨了。

特別提醒

as if/as though意為“好像，仿佛”，其引導的表語從句常位于系動詞(如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等)之后。若表語從句所述的是非真實的情況，從句用虛擬語氣；若從句所述的是事實或是極有可能發(fā)生的情況，從句用陳述語氣。考生要仔細體會其中的語境差別。

I felt as_if we had_known each other for years.我感覺好像我們已經(jīng)認識多年了。

She looks as_if she has_been_working hard for a long time.她看起來好像努力工作了很長時間。3 because, why也可引導表語從句

because引導的表語從句，主語不能是reason或cause。常用于以下句型： This/That is why...這/那是……的原因 This/That is because...這/那是因為……

This is why we missed the early bus.這就是我們錯過了早班車的原因。That's because he is ill.那是因為他生病了。

特別提醒

當主句的主語是reason時，表語從句一般用that引導，不能用why或because，這種用法常見于以下句型：

The reason why...is that...……的原因是……

The reason why he came late was that he got up late.他來晚了是因為起床晚了。

二、同位語從句 在句中作同位語的從句，稱作同位語從句。同位語從句常位于下列名詞之后，如： advice建議

demand要求

doubt懷疑 fact事實 hope希望 idea主意

information信息 message消息 news消息 whisper低語 order命令 problem問題 promise諾言 question問題 request請求 suggestion建議 truth事實 wish愿望 word消息 conclusion結論 thought想法

The_news_that we won the game was exciting.我們贏得這場比賽的消息令人激動。

The_suggestion_that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman.采納新規(guī)則的建議是主席提出的。

I have no_idea_when they will be back and settle down.我不知道他們什么時候回來定居。2 同位語從句的引導詞

(1)常用的引導詞有：that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。if一般不引導同位語從句

在同位語從句中that, whether不作成分，whether表示“是否”，其他連接詞具有實義，同時在同位語從句中作一定成分。引導同位語從句的連接詞一般都不省略。

The_fact_that some countries are still suffering from poverty is really a great problem to the world.有一些國家仍然貧窮對整個世界來說是一個大問題。

The_question_why so many people would choose to live in the countryside is still under discussion.為什么如此之多的人愿意到鄉(xiāng)下去居住仍然在討論中。

典例2 I made a promise to myself________this year, my first year in high school, would be different.[答案] that 句意：我向自己保證：今年——我高中的第一年——將會是不同尋常的一年。分析句意可知，空格處引導的是同位語從句，解釋說明promise的內容，并且此從句結構和意義完整，故用that引導。

(2)what也可引導同位語從句

I gave the girl a big doll, exactly what she longed to have.我給了這個女孩一個大洋娃娃，那正是她渴望擁有的東西。(3)分隔式同位語從句

有時同位語從句的謂語較短，而從句內容較長，這時為避免“頭重腳輕”，常常將謂語部分提到從句前面，形成分隔式同位語從句。

My_wish will come true one day that I should buy a big house for my parents.我要給父母買一間大房子的愿望終有一天會實現(xiàn)的。

典例3 The notice came around two in the afternoon________the meeting would be postponed.[答案] that 句意：下午兩點左右，有人通知說會議要推遲了。分析句子結構可知，“________the meeting would be postponed”是同位語從句，該從句解釋說明notice的具體內容，從句不缺少成分，所以用that引導。此處謂語較短，從句較長，為避免“頭重腳輕”而將從句放在了謂語部分之后，形成了分隔式同位語從句。故填that。

重難點 后邊不能直接跟that從句的動詞

這類動詞有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。這類詞后可以用不定式或動名詞作賓語，但不可以用that引導的賓語從句。

(√)I admire their winning the match.我羨慕他們贏了比賽。

(×)I admire that they won the match.2 不可用that從句作直接賓語的動詞

有些動詞不可用于“動詞＋間接賓語＋that從句”結構中，常見的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。

(√)He impressed the manager as an honest man.他給經(jīng)理的印象是個誠實人。

(×)He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.3 wh-與wh-ever引導名詞性從句的區(qū)別

連接詞what, which, who分別表示“……的東西或事情”、“哪一個”、“誰”，表示疑問含義；而whatever, whichever, whoever分別相當于anything that, any...that, anyone who意為“無論……”，強調一切情況。試比較：

What you choose to wear should be clean.你選擇穿的衣服應該是干凈的。

Whatever you choose to wear should be clean.無論你選擇穿什么，你的衣服應該是干凈的。

特別提醒

如何判斷是用wh-還是用wh-ever引導名詞性從句？

做題時，我們要認真分析語境，看看句子要表達什么意思，如果表示任何一個人或事物，無范圍可言，就用wh-ever；如果有疑問的含義，且指的是具體的人或物，就用wh-。wh-ever和no matter wh-的區(qū)別

wh-ever既可以引導名詞性從句，又可以引導讓步狀語從句，如：whatever, whichever, whoever等；而no matter wh-只能引導讓步狀語從句，如：no matter what, no matter where, no matter who等。

I will give this dictionary to whoever can win the first prize in the English

contest.我將把這本字典贈給在英語比賽中獲得一等獎的人。(賓語從句)Whoever/No_matter_who can win the first prize in the English contest, I will give this dictionary to him.不管誰在英語競賽中獲得一等獎，我都會把這本字典給他。(讓步狀語從句)

[考法綜述](1)對表語從句的考查通常是以引導詞的選擇為主，所以正確分析表語從句的結構相當重要。先確定從句的結構和意義是否完整，如果完整就用that，且that不能省略；如果不完整，確定所缺成分，然后結合句意選定答案。弄清從句中的謂語動詞是及物的還是不及物的也很重要。如果從句中的謂語是不及物動詞，那么后面的部分是狀語，再根據(jù)缺少的意思來選定答案。

(2)解答考查同位語從句的題目時，一定先要找出從句解釋說明的那個名詞，然后根據(jù)從句的意思和從句的結構判斷從句所缺的引導詞：

①從句意思和成分都完整就用that引導，此時要注意that引導的同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別。

②從句成分完整，但意思不完整，就用whether(是否)，切記此時不能用if代替whether。③從句缺少主語、賓語、表語或定語，則應用連接代詞。根據(jù)句子所要表達的意思進一步選擇用哪一個連接代詞。

④從句缺少地點狀語、時間狀語、方式狀語或原因狀語時，則分別用連接副詞where, when, how, why。

命題法1 考查表語從句

典例1 A ship in harbor is safe, but that's not ________ ships are built for.[答案] what 句意：船泊港灣固然安全，可那不是造船的初衷。but連接的并列句中that's后應為表語從句，________ ships are built for表示為什么目的而造船，what for結構與句子意思相符。

典例2 As John Lennon once said, life is that happens to you while you are busy making other plans.________________________________________________________ [答案] that→what 句意：正如約翰·列儂曾經(jīng)所說，生活就是在你忙于制訂其他計劃的時候發(fā)生在你身上的事情。此處引導表語從句并在從句中充當主語，把that改為what。

【解題法】 表語從句的解題思路

(1)找出主句的動詞、系動詞之后，為表語從句分析從句意義和結構，利用各引導詞的特點。

(2)在語篇型語法填空中，主要考查引導詞。找出空前的系動詞確定是表語從句，分析所填詞在從句中的成分和意義。

(3)在短文改錯中，主要考查引導詞的錯用、漏用和多余。掌握that與what的區(qū)別，以及who與whoever等詞的區(qū)別。分析句子成分，結合句意。

命題法2 考查同位語從句

典例3 —Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? —Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it;that's one of his favorite universities.[答案] why 句意：——邁克昨天真的拒絕了耶魯大學的錄取嗎？——是的，可我不知道他為什么那么做；那是他最喜歡的大學之一。設空處引導同位語從句，用于解釋說明idea的內容；從句中缺少狀語，根據(jù)句意此處表示原因，故用why引導。

典例4 The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief what you are better than anyone else on the sports field.________________________________________________________ [答案] what→that [句意：成功達到最高水平的唯一辦法是保持這樣一種信念，即你比運動場上的任何一個人都好。分析句子結構可知。此處為同位語從句，而且從句結構和意義完整，所以用that。] 【解題法】 同位語從句的解題思路

(1)掌握常跟同位語從句的一些名詞如suggestion, advice, hope等，了解同位語從句的功能。

(2)在語篇型語法填空中，主要是考查引導詞。同位語從句的引導詞that較多見，也會考到when, where等。分析主句結構，識別關鍵詞，判斷從句種類。

(3)在短文改錯中，主要考查引導詞的誤用、漏用和多余?？忌鶕?jù)主句結構挑出從句，如從句表示陳述意義，常用that引導，表疑問常用疑問詞引導。

A．單句填空

1．The best moment for the football star was ________he scored the winning goal.答案 when [句意：對這個足球明星來說，進球得分的時刻是最好的時刻。when在表語從句中表時間。] 2．“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.”This is ________my mother used to tell me.答案 what [句意：“每次你吃甜東西，喝點綠茶?！边@是過去媽媽經(jīng)常對我說的話。分析結構可知，此處考查的是表語從句的引導詞。從句缺少tell的直接賓語，用what引導。] 3．—What a mess!You are always so lazy!—I'm not to blame, mum.I am________you have made me.答案 what [句意：——真是一團糟！你總是這么懶惰！——媽媽，別怪我。我現(xiàn)在這樣就是你造就的呀。分析成分可知，I am后是表語從句，引導詞what在從句中作made me后的賓語補足語，相當于the one that，即I am the one that you have made me。類似例子還有：He is no longer what(＝the one that)he used to be。] 4．Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's________I was born.” 答案 where [句意：奶奶指著那個醫(yī)院說：“那就是我出生的地方?！贝颂幙疾榈氖敲~性從句中的表語從句。] 5．Courage is a kind of quality ——and that's ________it takes to face the

challenges in life.答案 what [句意：勇氣是一種好品質，那就是面對生活中挑戰(zhàn)所需要的品質。that's 后為表語從句，而且引導詞作從句中takes的賓語。故應填what。] 6．Faced with difficulties, you should believe your confidence is ________makes a difference.答案 what [句意：面對困難，你應該相信你的自信會起很大作用。make a difference意為“起作用，有影響”；本句中“________makes a difference”是表語從句，因為從句缺主語，故用what。] 7．Don't be sad.The most important thing is ________we must learn from our mistakes and move on.答案 that [句意：不要難過，最重要的是我們必須從錯誤中吸取教訓，并繼續(xù)前進。表語從句不缺任何成分，故填that。] 8．I'm afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is ________he never finishes anything.答案 why [句意：我覺得他說得多做得少，這就是他從來沒有完成任何事情的原因。分析句子結構可知，此處which引導非限制性定語從句，指代前面整個句子的內容；在定語從句中，空處引導表語從句，再結合句意可知應填why。] 9．The message of Saving Private Ryan is ________humans want peace, not war.答案 that [句意：《拯救大兵瑞恩》傳達的信息是人們想要和平而不是戰(zhàn)爭。此處為表語從句，從句不缺少成分，所以用that引導。] B．單句改錯

1．From space, the earth looks blue.This is why about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.________________________________________________________ 答案 why→because [句意：從太空看，地球是藍色的。這是因為地球表面大約有71%的區(qū)域被水覆蓋。分析句子結構可知，此處為表語從句，表示原因，故用because。because后加原因，why后加結果。因此把why改為because。] 2．Evidence has been found through years of study why children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.________________________________________________________ 答案 why→that [句意：通過數(shù)年的研究，兒童早期睡眠問題長大后有可能繼續(xù)的證據(jù)已經(jīng)被找到了。分析句子結構可知，空格后面的部分是解釋說明evidence的內容，是evidence的同位語從句，引導詞在從句中不作任何成分，故把why改為that。] 3．Her only problem, if you can call it a problem, is what she expects to be successful all the time.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→that [句意：如果能稱之為問題的話，她唯一的問題是她一直想成功。引導表語從句，從句中不缺少任何成分，故用that引導。] 4．The problem is what we can improve our reading skill in such a short time.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→how [句意：問題是我們如何在這么短的時間內提高我們的閱讀技能。分析句子成分并結合句意可知，這里需要用連接副詞how來引導表語從句。] 5．There is still some doubt that the system will work even though all the factors have been considered.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→whether [句意：即使所有的因素都考慮了，系統(tǒng)是否會運轉仍有些疑問。whether引導同位語從句，作doubt的同位語，whether表示“是否”。] 6．People all over the world have a dream whether they will always live a peaceful life.________________________________________________________ 答案 whether→that [句意：全世界的人民都有一個夢想，即永遠過著和平的生活。此處為同位語從句，解釋名詞dream的內容，因為從句中不缺少成分且意義完整，所以用that引導。] 7．The expert's argument what the increasing number of cars is the main cause of the rising PM 2.5 readings has got much support from the public.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→that [句意：這個專家的爭論已經(jīng)得到了來自公眾的大力支持，爭論圍繞汽車數(shù)量的增加是PM2.5值上升的主要原因。此處為同位語從句，解釋說明argument的內容，因從句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以使用that引導。]

易錯題一：名詞性從句中連接詞的誤用

[例1] ________ surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of the room.[錯解] It/That/Who [錯因分析] 此處缺少主語，因此考生容易誤用It, That, Who, Which等。[答案] What [心得體會]

[例2] I have no idea ________ he will come here or not this afternoon, for he is very busy at the present time.[錯解] which/that/if [錯因分析] 該題貌似定語從句，考生易誤填which/that。此外，一些考生也許一看到后面的“or not”容易誤填if。根據(jù)語意可知，idea后面接一個同位語從句，該從句是

對idea的解釋說明，且由后面的“or not”可知應用whether。if不能引導同位語從句。

[答案] whether [心得體會]

易錯題二：漏用關系詞

[例] She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood ________ ________ he said meant.[錯解] that;what [錯因分析] 許多同學一看便判斷出understood后為賓語從句，第一空誤填that;第二個空認為said后缺賓語，填what。

[答案] what;what [心得體會]

易錯題三：名詞性從句中用it作形式主語或賓語

[例] ________has been proved that eating vegetables in childhood helps to

protect you against serious illnesses in later life.[錯解] What [錯因分析] 考生誤認為此空引導主語從句，缺少主語，誤填What。[答案] It [心得體會]

第三篇：高三英語名詞性從句學案

名詞性從句一輪復習同步導學案

【學習目標】：

掌握名詞性從句引導詞的用法，并能判斷出主語從句這一類型的從句。

名詞性從句定義：在句子中起_________作用的句子叫名詞性從句。

名詞性從句分四類：____________ _____________ ______________ _____________

【名詞性從句的引導詞】

1.從屬連詞：that, whether/if, as if/as though, because, 其中that, whether/if, 在從句中不擔任成分，只起到引導從句的功能。that 沒有實際意義。if(whether), 意思為 “是否”。

I don’t care about __________ you have money or not.The problem is __________ Tom is able to arrive on time.__________ the meeting will be held here is not decided yet.It looks __________ it is going to rain.The truth is __________he didn’t come for the concert.__________ the earth is round is true.易混點whether與if區(qū)別

二者都可以作“是否”講，能引導名詞性從句，都不能省略。1.）在及物動詞后引導賓語從句時可以互換；

注意：在某些動詞后（如:discuss）只能接whether，不能跟if。如： We discussed whether we should close the shop.2.）引導主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句時都用whether，不用if。如：

The question whether he should come himself or send another man hasn’t been decided.Whether he will win is all the same to me.The question is whether you can go there yourself.如果用形式主語，if和whether都可以 It is unknown whetherif she is ill.3.）如果whether后緊跟or not，不用換做if；若whether與or not分開使用，則可以換作if。如：

I wonder whether or not he has arrived at the destination.I don’t know whetherif I can come or not.4.）若賓語從句為否定結構，則多用if，而不用whether。如： I don’t care if he doesn’t show up.（在乎，炫耀）

5.）在介詞后引導賓語從句或與帶to的動詞不定式結合而構成不定式的復合結構時，只能用whether，而不用if。如：

I haven’t settled the question of whether I will go back home.She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait.2、連接代詞：連接代詞指既具有代詞的特點，同時又能夠引導從句的詞。主要有what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, whom, whomever, which, whichever。有詞義，在從句中擔任成分，如主語、表語、賓語、或定語等,不能省略。

I don’t believe __________ he has achieved so far.__________ breaks the law should be punished.____________ he said encouraged me greatly.What worried us most is_________ let out the secret.3、連接副詞：連接副詞指既具有副詞的特點，同時又能夠引導從句的詞。主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever有詞義，在從句中擔任成分，作狀語。

__________ we will hand in the project will be discussed later.Parents are thought to understand __________ important education is to their children’s future.The reason __________ he was absent was that he was ill.This is_____________ the accident happened.【判斷】下列各句哪句含有名詞性從句，并指出是什么從句： 1.China is no longer what it used to be.2.The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3.It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4.How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.5.The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.6.The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7.That is where Lu Xun used to live.8.He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9.Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? 10.I wonder why she refused my invitation.主語從句

1、主語從句在復合句作主語。引導主語從句的引導詞如下：who，that，which，what，when，where，how，whether，why，whoever，whichever，whatever等。e.g.Who will go is not important.When they will come hasn't been made public.他們來的時間沒有公布。

2、用it作形式主語，主語從句放在句末。e.g.It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.她的頭發(fā)正在變白，這使她很不安。

It is a pity that you missed such a good chance.3、that引導主語從句時，不能省略。e.g.That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.4.whoever，whatever，whichever引導的主語從句

(1)whoever相當于anyone who，表明泛指關系，表示 “任何??的人都，凡是??的人都”。Whoever comes will be welcome.誰來都是受歡迎的。(2)whatever相當于anything that，表示“無論什么??”。

Whatever was said here must be kept secret.在這里所說的一切都要保密。(3)whichever意為“無論哪個，無論哪些”。既可指人，也 可指物；既可單獨使用，也可修飾名詞，也可以跟of短語連用。

Whichever of us fulfils his task first will lend a hand to others.無論我們中哪一個先完成了任務都將幫助其他人。

Whichever book you choose doesn't matter to me.你選哪本書不關我的事。5.what與that引導主語從句的區(qū)別 what引導主語從句時，表示“所??的(東西)”，并且在從句中充當句子成分；而that作為從屬連詞，引導主語從句時，其本身沒有實際意義，不充當句子成分，不可省略。

What she was afraid of was their taking her daughter abroad.她害怕的是他們帶她女兒出國。

That he will refuse the offer is unlikely.他不可能拒絕這個報價。It is reported that three people were killed in the accident.據(jù)報道，三個人在這次事故中死亡。

例題： some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A.Whether B.What C.That D.How 例題： It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A.how B.which C.that D.what

任務：找出10個主語從句的例子。

英語語法專題------名詞性從句 同步導學案(2)

學習目標：第二部分學案主要解決表語從句，賓語從句，同位語從句的判斷。

表語從句

1.可接表語從句的連系動詞可接表語從句的連系動詞有be, look, seem, sound, appear等。China is no longer what she used to be.今日的中國不再是過去的中國了。The question remains whether they will be able to help us.問題還是他們能否幫我們。It appears that he has a taste for music.看來他對音樂有一定的鑒賞力.At that time, it seemed as if I couldn’t think of the right word anyhow.當時，我似乎怎么也想不出一個恰當?shù)淖盅蹃?。The question was who could go there.My idea is that we can get more comrades to help in the work.2.從引導詞角度學習表語從句

that 引導的表語從句

The fact is that we should depend on ourselves.事實是我們必須依靠自己。

如果主語是 suggestion, advice, order, command 這類建議，要求，命令的名詞，表語從句的的謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”，should 可以省略。

My advice is that you(should)think it over before you make a decision.我的建議就是你做出決定之前仔細考慮一下。

whether 引導的表語從句

The point is that whether we should lend him the money.翻譯_________________________________________________

Wh-類連接詞引導的表語從句

自己總結連接代詞what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, whom, whomever, which, whichever。連接副詞when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever相關句子。例如：The question is however we can do the work better.問題是我們究竟如何才能夠把這項工作做得更好。

As as if/as though 引導的表語從句

此類表語從句連系動詞有be, look, seem, sound, appear。

He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起來還與十年前一樣。

It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.聽上去好像有人在敲門。

because 引導的表語從句

That is because he didn’t understand me.那時因為他不理解我。

賓語從句

.賓語從句：在復合句中作主句的賓語。引導詞有連詞that , whether, if;who, whom, whose, what ,which;when ,where, how, why 等。在謂語動詞、介詞、動詞不定式、分詞、動名詞之后都可以帶有賓語從句。某些形容詞如sure, happy, glad, certain, pleased 等之后也可以帶有賓語從句。

如:

(1)V + 賓語從句，即“動賓”： We believe that he is honest.I asked if they had a cheap suit.Can you tell me which dictionary is hers? I really don’t know what he is doing.例1---Don’t you believe me?

---______, I will believe ______ you say.A.No;whatever B.Yes;no matter what C.No;no matter what D.Yes;whatever 例2“What did your parents think about your decision?” “They always let me do ______ I think I should.”

A.when B.that C.how D.what

(2)prep + 賓語從句，即“介賓”：

He’s pleased with what we did yesterday.Pay attention to what the teacher said.例3 I wish to have a friend with ______ shares my hobbies and interests.A.whomever B.no matter who C.whoever D.anyone 例4 Mary wrote an article on ______ the team had failed to win the game.A.why B.what C.who D.that

(3)adj + 賓語從句，即“形賓”： that 引導的名詞性從句還可以用在一些形容詞后面。這種句型一般都用人作主語，所用的形容詞都是表示思想狀況或感情色彩的形容詞，如certain, sure, positive, afraid, convinced, anxious, disappointed, worried, glad, happy, sorry, amazed, surprised, aware, doubtful, confident等等。

I am sure/certain that he’s at home now.我肯定他現(xiàn)在在家。He remains confident that he will win.他仍然自信他會贏。She is aware that I can’t help her.她知道我?guī)筒涣怂拿?。I am glad that you’ve come.你來了我很高興。

I’m sure that my brother will love the jacket./ I am glad that you can come and help me.不能誤將”It + be + adj + that” 的主語從句當成賓語從句.如：It is necessary that we should learn English well.例4 Exercises: I asked her __________ she had a bike.__________ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.We’re worried about __________ he is safe.I don’t know __________ he is well or not.I don’t know ___________ or not he is well.The question is __________ he should do it.The doctor can hardly answer the question __________ the old man will recover soon.（1）如果賓語從句是由that 引導，and或but連接的兩個或兩個以上的并列的賓語從句, 那么只有第一個that可以省略，第二個或第二個以后的that不能省略.He said(that)the text was very difficult and that we had to work hard at it.My desk mate told me(that)he watched a football match last night, but that it was very discouraging.如果賓語從句后還有賓語補足語，就用it作形式賓語，將賓語從句后置，并且that不可以省略.He has made it clear that he will win the game.I find it necessary that we should learn English well.We find it necessary that we practice spoken English every day.(2)表示“建議，命令，要求”的賓語從句，如advise, suggest, order, request, require, demand 等，從句用虛擬語氣，即should+動詞原形,should可省略。

(3)在“主語+ believe/think/suppose/know/expect”的結構中，其否定形式要用否定轉移，即主句否定，從句肯定。

I don’t think he will come.I don’t think I’ll trouble you again.I don’t expect that they will get married soon.(4)賓語從句的時態(tài)呼應：

a.如果主句時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時或將來時,從句謂語可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時態(tài).他相信他的夢想總有一天會實現(xiàn)的.He believes _________________________.b.請告訴我你昨天這個時候在干什么.Please tell me _________________________.c.如果主句謂語是一般過去時,從句謂語動詞一般用過去的某種時態(tài),但如果從句表達的是客觀事實、真理、自然規(guī)律等時，從句謂語通常用一般現(xiàn)在時。

他告訴我他正在為考試做準備.He told me _______________________________.他說他已離開家鄉(xiāng)十年了。He told me _________________________________.老師告訴我們光是沿直線運行的.The teacher told us _________________________.例5Exercises:（1）Do you see ______ I mean? A.that B./ C.how D.what（2）Tell me______ is on your mind.A.that B.what C.which D.why（3）We must stick to ______ we have agreed on.A.what B.that C./ D.how（4）Let me see ______.A.that can I repair the radio B.whether I can repair the radio C.I can repair the radio

D.whether can I repair the radio(5)Keep in mind ______.A.that the teacher said

B.what did the teacher say C.that did the teacher say D.what the teacher said

同位語從句

同位語從句在句中作某一名詞的同位語，一般位于該名詞（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，說明該名詞的具體內容。

e.g.I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.同位語從句中that引導詞與定語從句中 that區(qū)別

The father made a promise that he will buy his son a new car.同位語從句 The father broke his promise(that)he made last week.定語從句 跟同位語從句的名詞

(只是作為輔助方法判斷同位語從句，不是主要依據(jù)。)Advice belief, doubt, explanation, fact, fear, feeling, hope，Idea, news, opinion, order, possibility, promise, problem, probability

Question, reply, report, suggestion, thought, truth, wish, warning

判斷同位語從句的主要依據(jù)：（假設法）

假設that 引導的為定語從句，看that 在從句中是否擔當成份，如：he father broke his promise(that)he made last week.定語從句 that 擔當了made的賓語，即made his promise,所以本句為定語從句，否則如The father made a promise that he will buy his son a new car.同位語從句，that不擔當從句的成份，所以不是定語從句，為同位語從句。

The father made a promise that he will buy his son a new car.同位語從句 The father broke his promise(that)he made last week.定語從句 本節(jié)任務：賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句各找出5個例子。

自主學習完成下列題目

15.The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.A.until B.that C.when D.where 16.News came from the school office _____ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A.which B.what C.that D.where 17.－Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport? －No problem.19.One reason for her preference for city life is _____ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A.that B.how C.what D.why 20.The news __________________________（房價將要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices.(fall)高三英語語法專題------名詞性從句 同步導學案(3)

學習目標：第三部分學案主要解決名詞性從句的疑難點。熱點一．語序與時態(tài)：

想一想：名詞性從句中的語序要注意什么問題？

1.No one can be sure _____in a million years.A.what man will look like B.what will man look like C.man will look like what D.what look will man like 2.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _____.A.who he is B who he is C who is it D who it is 小結1：不管主句是肯定句、否定句還是疑問句,名詞性從句總是使用_____________.疑點：Mum is coming.What present do you expect _____for your birthday? A.that she has got B.that has she got C.she has got D.has she got 思考：句中出現(xiàn)插入語時，語序該怎么辦？ 疑點觀察、總結與拓展：

4.What do you think we should do to solve the problem of air pollution in cities? 5.Where do you suppose he can be? 小結2：以上句子體現(xiàn)了何種句式結構？_____________________________ 小試牛刀：

6.Rose looks worried.What do you think ____________________(她該怎么辦)? Exception :7．He went up to see ________ with her.A what was the matter B what is the matter C what the matter was D what the matter is 思考：1.語序？ 2．時態(tài)？ 能力激活2：

想一想： 賓語從句中的時態(tài)應如何與主句時態(tài)保持相應的一致？

1.The police found that the house _____ and a lot of things _____． A．has broken into;has been stolen B．had broken into;had been stolen C．has been broken into;stolen D．had been broken into;stolen 2.We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _____ office soon． A.leaves B.would leave C． left D． had left 小結1: 主句是過去時態(tài)時，賓語從句用_________________.但如果表達真理性 的，則用現(xiàn)在時。

3.I don’t know when_____, but if he _____, I’ll let you know.A.he comes , will come B he will come , will come C he will come, comes D he comes, comes 觀察與比較：I’m not sure if he will come ,but if he comes ,I’ll let you know.小結2：主句是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，賓語從句用_________________.感悟疑點 : He has come, but I didn’t know that he _____ until yesterday.A is coming B will come C was coming D wasn’t coming

熱點二．連接詞的選擇 能力激活3 觀察與思考：that與what 的用法有什么不同？ 1.What you need is more practice.2.That he needed a lot of money made us surprised.3.Energy is what makes things work.4.China is no longer what it used to be.5.What impressed me most was that he was always patient with children.6.He told me(that)she was ill and that her mother wouldn’t let her go.7.Word came that our team won the game.歸納：

1．that和what都可以引導名詞性從句。2．what是連接代詞，引導名詞性從句，在從句中有____，必須擔任____,不能_________.3．that是連接詞，本身無______，僅起_____作用，不在從句中擔任______；引導賓語從句時可以省略，但引導多個賓語從句時，只有第 ___個that 可以省略。在引導主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句時that一般__________。

感悟疑點：

1.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walking in space.A where B what C that D how 2.They lost their way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was that night began to fall.A.that B it C what D which 3._____ no one likes his ideas is not strange at all.A.What B How C When D That 4._____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key university.A.What;because B What;that C That;what D That;because 5..Word has came _____some American guests will come for a visit.A.what B.that C.whether D.when 6.He told us _____ his father had died and ____ he had to live alone.A that, / B /, that C what,/ D / , what Test : 1.He often thinks of _____ he can do for his country.2.He often thinks of _____ he can do more for his country.A.what B how C that D which 3.One of the men held the view _____ the book said was right.A that B what that C that what D whether 4.(?)I’m not sure that when he will be back.能力激活4

觀察與思考：在名詞性從句中wh—ever與 wh---有什么異同？ 1.Whoever breaks the law should be published.2.whatever was said here must be kept secret.3.I’ll give you whatever you want.4.I’ll give you what you want.小結1: wh-ever 與wh-引導的名詞性從句在語法結構上________,在意義上__________，有“__________”的意思。

體會例題

1.It is a rule in his family that_____ comes home earlier should cook the dinner for the family.A.anybody B.who C.who that D.whoever 2.I think the doctor is able to care for_____ is the matter with your son.A.all B.what C.whatever D.anything 3.The wild flowers are so special I would do _____ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever 觀察、體會與思考：以下從句都是什么從句

1.Whoever breaks the law should be punished.2.Whoever breaks the law , he should be punished.3.________________ breaks the law , he should be punished.4.(?)Who breaks the law should be punished.5.(?)Anyone breaks the law should be punished.小結2 ：

wh－ever既可以引導__________從句，又可以引導_________從句．引導名詞性從句時相當于名詞＋定語從句；引導讓步狀語從句時相當于__________________.能力激活5

觀察、體會與總結：

1.Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.2.Her ability has never been in doubt---the question is whether he is prepared to work hard.3.It depends on whether we will have enough money.5.It doesn’t' t matter whether he' s come back or not.？ 小結：名詞性從句只用 whether的幾種情況： 1.主語從句置于__________________.2.引導________從句時，不用 if.3.做______的賓語從句時 4.與______和______連用時.熱點三：幾點特殊用法 能力激活6

思考: 想一想it在名詞性從句中起到什么作用？

1.______ is reported that he will return to his hometown soon.A What B It C As D That 2.I made _____ clear that I was determined to carry out the plan.A this B that C them D it 小結1:.在名詞性從句中，當主語從句置后時，要使用________________.2.在如果賓語從句后邊還有賓語補足語，則用it作_______而將賓語從句放于句末.3.I hate_____ when people talk with their mouths full.(NMET 98)A it B that C these D them 4.I should have seen to it that she was told.（我本應該確保通知到她的）

小結3：see to, appreciate, like , love, hate----等動詞后跟上賓語從句時，要使用__________.Exercise : 1.很遺憾他竟然犯了那樣一個錯誤。

_________________________________________ 2．我認為學好英語很重要

____________________________________.能力激活7：學以致用

1.______ is known to us ____ the moon travels around the earth every month.2.______ is known to us is ____the moon travels around the earth every month.3._____ is known to everyone , the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.What B.It C.that D.As 能力激活8 想一想: 當你看到insist, order, commend, suggest, advise, recommend, require, request, desire, urge時，你會想到什么語氣？它的結構是什么樣的？

1.He made a suggestion that the English test ______ until next Wednesday.A.will be put off B.be put off C.will put off D.put off 2.Her pale face suggested that she ______ ill.A.should B.should be C.was D.is 3.The step—mother was punishing the poor girl, but she insisted that she ______the flower vase.A didn’t break B not break C doesn’t break D shouldn’t break 小結：

1.與“命令、要求、建議”等相關的名詞性從句中通常用虛擬語氣，虛擬語氣的構成是_____________________________________.2.suggest 與insist在當___________________意思用時,用陳述語氣

完成相關習題

11.— I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.— That’s ______ I don’t agree.You should have a more active life.A.where B.how C.when D.what 12.Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _____ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.A.what B.that C.why D.whether 13.—I think it is going to be a big problem.—Yes, it could be.—I wonder ___ we can do about it.A.if B.how C.what D.that 14.__ is no possibility ___ Bob can win the first prize I the match.A.There;that B.It;what C.There;whether D.It;whether

英語語法專題------名詞性從句 自主學習完成相關習題

1.It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.A.as B.which C.whether D.that 2.______ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A.That B.Which C.What D.As 3.It is none of your business ______ other people think about you.Believe yourself.A.how B.what C.which D.when 4.___ matters most in learning English is enough practice.A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which 5.---Are you still thinking about yesterday's game?---Oh, that's_______.A.what makes me feel excite B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited 6.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.---Is that_______ you had a few days off? A.why B.when C.what D.where

7.Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s ____ it takes to succeed.A.When B.that C.whether D.what 8.We should consider the students’ request ___ the school library provide more books on popular science.A.that B.when C.which D.where 8.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly____ he wants.A.what B.which C.when D.that 9.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in do anything well.A.what B.that C.which D.why the office knew she was so angry.A.where B.whether C.that D.why here and treat food nicely.A.that B.which C.what D.whether

高三英語語法專題------名詞性從句 同步導學案(1)參考答案

【名詞性從句的引導詞】

1.從屬連詞：that, whether/if, as if/as though, because, 其中that, whether/if, 在從句中不擔任成分，只起到引導從句的功能。that 沒有實際意義。if(whether), 意思為 “是否”。

I don’t care about ____whether______ you have money or not.The problem is ___whether_______ Tom is able to arrive on time.____where(when/how)______ the meeting will be held here is not decided yet.It looks ___as if(as though)_______ it is going to rain.The truth is ____that______he didn’t come for the concert._____That _____ the earth is round is true.易混點whether與if區(qū)別

二者都可以作“是否”講，能引導名詞性從句，都不能省略。4.）在及物動詞后引導賓語從句時可以互換；

10.We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have we have 注意：在某些動詞后（如:discuss）只能接whether，不能跟if。如： We discussed whether we should close the shop.5.）引導主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句時都用whether，不用if。如：

The question whether he should come himself or send another man hasn’t been decided.Whether he will win is all the same to me.The question is whether you can go there yourself.如果用形式主語，if和whether都可以 It is unknown whetherif she is ill.6.）如果whether后緊跟or not，不用換做if；若whether與or not分開使用，則可以換作if。如：

I wonder whether or not he has arrived at the destination.I don’t know whetherif I can come or not.4.）若賓語從句為否定結構，則多用if，而不用whether。如： I don’t care if he doesn’t show up.（在乎，炫耀）

5.）在介詞后引導賓語從句或與帶to的動詞不定式結合而構成不定式的復合結構時，只能用whether，而不用if。如：

I haven’t settled the question of whether I will go back home.She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait.2、連接代詞：連接代詞指既具有代詞的特點，同時又能夠引導從句的詞。主要有what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, whom, whomever, which, whichever。有詞義，在從句中擔任成分，如主語、表語、賓語、或定語等,不能省略。

I don’t believe ____what______ he has achieved so far.__Whoever________ breaks the law should be punished.____What_______ he said encouraged me greatly.what What worried us most is____who____ let out the secret.who

3、連接副詞：連接副詞指既具有副詞的特點，同時又能夠引導從句的詞。主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever有詞義，在從句中擔任成分，作狀語。

____when_____ we will hand in the project will be discussed later.(此題答案需要再討論)Parents are thought to understand ___how_______ important education is to their children’s future.The reason ___why_______ he was absent was that he was ill.This is__where/when/how__________ the accident happened.一、判斷下列各句哪句含有名詞性從句，并指出是什么從句： 1.China is no longer what it used to be.2.The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3.It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4.How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.5.The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.6.The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7.That is where Lu Xun used to live.8.He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9.Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? 10.I wonder why she refused my invitation.參考答案

一、1、表語從句；

2、同位語從句；

3、不是；

4、主語從句；

5、同位語從句；

6、不是；

7、表語從句；

8、賓語從句；

9、不是；

10、賓語從句

主語從句

1、主語從句在復合句作主語。引導主語從句的引導詞如下：who，that，which，what，when，where，how，whether，why，whoever，whichever，whatever等。

e.g.Who will go is not important.When they will come hasn't been made public.他們來的時間沒有公布。

2、用it作形式主語，主語從句放在句末。

e.g.It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.她的頭發(fā)正在變白，這使她很不安。

It is a pity that you missed such a good chance.3、that引導主語從句時，不能省略。

e.g.That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.4.whoever，whatever，whichever引導的主語從句(1)whoever相當于anyone who，表明泛指關系，表示 “任何??的人都，凡是??的人都”。Whoever comes will be welcome.誰來都是受歡迎的。

(2)whatever相當于anything that，表示“無論什么??”。

Whatever was said here must be kept secret.在這里所說的一切都要保密。(3)whichever意為“無論哪個，無論哪些”。既可指人，也 可指物；既可單獨使用，也可修飾名詞，也可以跟of短語連用。

Whichever of us fulfils his task first will lend a hand to others.無論我們中哪一個先完成了任務都將幫助其他人。Whichever book you choose doesn't matter to me.你選哪本書不關我的事。5.what與that引導主語從句的區(qū)別 what引導主語從句時，表示“所??的(東西)”，并且 在從句中充當句子成分；而that作為從屬連詞，引導主語從句時，其本身沒有實際意義，不充當句子成分，不可省略。

What she was afraid of was their taking her daughter abroad.她害怕的是他們帶她女兒出國。

That he will refuse the offer is unlikely.他不可能拒絕這個報價。It is reported that three people were killed in the accident.據(jù)報道，三個人在這次事故中死亡。

例題： some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A.Whether B.What C.That D.How 答案：B

例題： It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A.how B.which C.that D.what 答案：D

第四篇：2017高考英語——名詞性從句

2017年高考題

【2017·北京】23.Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.A.whatever B.whoever C.whomever D.whichever 【答案】B 代詞，根據(jù)意思可知是人獲獎，故排除AD，因為需要做主語，只能用主格代詞who，故選B?？键c：考查連詞。【名師點睛】

主語從句 Subject Clauses(在主語的位置上)1.從句的連接詞可以是that, 也可以是特殊疑問詞wh-。

That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us that? Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.Who will go makes no difference.? It is known to us that he is a famous singer.? It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.本題中，whatever引導主語從句，同時作do的賓語。2.wh和ever 連用的詞引導的名詞性從句和狀語從句的區(qū)別

? 區(qū)分使用wh-和wh-ever: wh 有疑問的意思；wh-ever有肯定強調的意思 *Who will be invited hasn’t been decided.*Whoever comes here is welcomed.*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.*The gift will be given to whomever I like.? wh-ever 在引導名詞性從句時不能用no matter wh-來替換，但在引導狀語從句時可以替換 Whatever happened, he would not mind.= No matter what happened, he??

【2017·北京】26.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.A.why B.where C.how D.when 【答案】B 試題分析：A.why 為什么 B.where 在哪 C.how 如何 D.when什么時候。句意：Jane漫無目的地走在兩旁栽樹的街道上，不知道她將去往何方，根據(jù)語境可知此處是表地點的，很容易就可選出答案B?？键c：考查連詞。

【2017·江蘇】26.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to charge.A.that 【答案】C 【解析】

B.which

C.what

D.how

【名師點睛】

這里容易誤判為定語從句的“介詞+關系代詞”結構，需要注意的是，half of后面的價格是以前的價格。如果是定語從句，那么half of后面的價格則是$20的一半，即$10，再結合“down to”可知，原來的價格

高于$20，因此不是定語從句。

介詞of后跟賓語，因此這里是賓語從句，通過分析句子成分可知，賓語從句缺少賓語，因此用what引導。

賓語從句

1.動詞后的賓語從句 1)that引導的賓語從句

后常接that引導的賓語從句的動詞有admit, agree, answer, believe, decide, declare, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, intend, insist, mean, notice9 0rder, remember, reply, say, suggest, think, wish 等

2)wh-，if引導的賓語從句

后常接wh-，if引導的賓語從句的動詞有advise，ask，discuss，doubt，find out，imagine，inform,1nquire, know, question, tell, understand, wonder，出scover等。3)“動詞十間接賓語+賓語從句”

常使用此類結構的動詞有advise，ask，inform，promise，question，remind，show，teach，tell，warn，assure等。

4)“動詞+it十形容詞／名詞+that從句”

常見的后接it作形式賓語的動詞有find，feel，think，believe，make，consider等。5)it作形式賓語的特殊句型

常見的有：see to it that...；hate it that...；owe it to sb.that...；take it for granted that.2.形容詞后賓語從句

后常接賓語從句的形容詞有：anxious，aware，certain，determined，glad，proud，surprised，worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, pleased, content, proud, annoyed, convinced，confident等。

3.介詞后賓語從句

后常接賓語從句的介詞有on，about，in，but，except等。4.賓語從句需要注意的問題

1)當主句是一般現(xiàn)在時或者一般將來時時，賓語從句可根據(jù)句子意思選擇用所需要的時態(tài)。2)當主句是一般過去時時，賓語從句必須用相應的過去時態(tài)。

3)但是當賓語從句表達的是普遍真理或客觀規(guī)律時，賓語從句時態(tài)不受主句時態(tài)限制而用一般現(xiàn)在時。4)當主句謂語是think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine等，賓語從句的意義是否定時，not要轉移到主句中；但當從句有否定意義的never，．seldom，hardly，scarcely等詞時，否定詞不轉移。5)主句中謂語是think，believe，suppose，ex》ect，imagine，guess等，同時，wh-連詞引導的表示疑問的賓語從句，應將連詞wh-置于主句前面，主句若是疑問語序，從句語序不變。例 如：When do you think he will come back? Do you think when he will come back?(錯句）

6)當主句動詞是wish時，從句的時態(tài)要用虛擬語氣；當主句的動詞是suggest，demand，require等詞時，從句要用可省略should的虛擬語氣。

7)if?？纱鎤hether，但是當從句作介詞賓語時，只能用whether。

8)引導賓語從句的that?？墒÷?，但是當兩個that從句由and或or連接時，第二個從句的that不能省略。考點：賓語從句

【2017·天津】4.She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.A.when B.where C.whether D.what 【答案】C 【解析】

試題分析：句意：他問我是否已經(jīng)把書還給圖書館了，我承認。我還沒有還。A.什么時候；B.在哪里；C是否；D.什么。根據(jù)句意，故選C 考點：考查賓語從句。

【名師點睛】本題是對賓語從句中連詞的考查。對于賓語從句的連詞的確定，首先確定連詞的詞義，然后根據(jù)句意判斷出正確的連詞，本句的句意很明顯，確定為是否。

2016年高考題

1.【2016·北京】24.Your support is important to our work.________ you can do helps.A.However 【答案】C 【解析】

試題分析：題目考查主語從句。helps是謂語，“________ you can do”是主語部分，即主語從句，在主語從句中，do后缺少賓語，表示“任何事情”，因此用whatever引導，故選C?？键c：考查主語從句 【名師點睛】

主語從句 Subject Clauses(在主語的位置上)1.從句的連接詞可以是that, 也可以是特殊疑問詞wh-。

That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us that? Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.Who will go makes no difference.? It is known to us that he is a famous singer.? It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.本題中，whatever引導主語從句，同時作do的賓語。2.wh和ever 連用的詞引導的名詞性從句和狀語從句的區(qū)別

B.Whoever

C.Whatever

D.Wherever ? 區(qū)分使用wh-和wh-ever: wh 有疑問的意思；wh-ever有肯定強調的意思 *Who will be invited hasn’t been decided.*Whoever comes here is welcomed.*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.*The gift will be given to whomever I like.? wh-ever 在引導名詞性從句時不能用no matter wh-來替換，但在引導狀語從句時可以替換 Whatever happened, he would not mind.= No matter what happened, he??

2.【2016·北京】29.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.A.what 【答案】B 【解析】 B.that

C.whether

D.why

考點：考查表語從句 【名師點睛】

表語從句 Predictive Clauses(在be動詞 后)

1.從句的連接詞可以是that, 也可以是wh-的特殊疑問詞。The fact is that she never liked him.The question is whether the movie is worth seeing.The question is who can complete the difficult task.? This/That/It is because ?

I think it is because you are doing too much.? The reason why?is that?

The reason why the play is successful is that it appeals to many different people.2.只能用whether 的情況

* 在表語從句、主語從句、同位語從句中 * 在介詞后的賓語從句中 It all depends on whether they will support us.* 在不定式之前

He doesn’t know whether to stay or not.* 從句中有or not時

He doesn’t know whether he should stay or not.3.【2016·江蘇】21.It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.A.why 【答案】D 【解析】 B.what

C.as

D.that

【名師點睛】

that 引導主語從句：由連詞that引導的主語從句，在大多數(shù)情況下被放到句子的后面，用it 作形式主語來代替它的位置。常見的以it作形式主語的主語從句的句型有三種。1.It + be + 形容詞+that從句

適用于這種句型的常見形容詞有：necessary，clear，true，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，obvious，surprising etc。

1)It’s clear that they badly need help。很明顯，他們急需援助。

2)It’s possible that we can carry out the project at last.最終我們能完成這項工程是有可能的。

表語為 necessary，clear，true，strange, important, wonderful，possible, likely, obvious, surprising, astonishing, etc.等形容詞時，謂語動詞的形式一般為“should ＋ 動詞原形”

3)It is necessary that you(should)master the computer.你很有必要掌握電腦。

4)It is strange that he should have killed himself.真奇怪，他竟然自殺了 2.It +be +名詞詞組+ that從句

常用于這種句型的名詞詞組有：a fact，a good idea，a pity，an hour，a shame，no wonder，good news etc.1)It’s a pity that you missed the film.你沒有看那部電影真是太遺憾了。

2)―Tom has a bad cold.湯姆患了重感冒。

―It is no wonder that he looks pale.――難怪他看起來臉色蒼白。

3)It is a great shame that he should have stolen a pen.他竟然偷鋼筆，真是太丟臉了。shame 所用的句中要用虛擬語氣。3.It + be+ 過去分詞+ that從句

常有的過去分詞有：said，reported, hoped, believed, expected, decided, well-known, thought, suggested 等。

1)It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun.眾所周知，地球圍繞太陽轉。

2)It’s reported that the two countries have made an agreement about their trades.據(jù)報道這兩個國家就貿(mào)易問題達成協(xié)議。

過去分詞表示：建議，命令，愿望如suggested，ordered，requested等詞時，從句需用虛擬語氣。動 詞形式為：should ＋ 原型。

1)It is requested that Mr.Wang(should)give a performance.有人請求王先生表演一個節(jié)目。

2)It is suggested that we should discuss the problem.有人建議我們應該討論一下這個問題?？键c：考查主語從句

4.【2016·天津】11.The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.A.whether B.that C.which D.what 【答案】B 【解析】

試題分析：句意：經(jīng)理提出一個建議，我們應該有個助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位語從句說明suggestion 的內容，而且同位語從句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引導，that不作成分，只是起著連接的作用。故選 B。

考點：考查同位語從句。

【名師點睛】解答這類題目，關鍵在于分析清楚句子結構，知道引導詞的使用習慣。通過判斷引導詞在從句中所作的成分，來選擇正確的引導詞。連接同位語從句的連詞主要有that, if, whether，和疑問詞（what how where when...)。that引導表示陳述句的同位語從句，if和whether，whether...or not引導表示“是否”的一般疑問句的同位語從句。判斷是否是同位語從句，還可以用同位詞+is+同位語從句，如果可以講的通，一般就是同位語從句，例如這題中，可以改成The suggestion is that we should have an assistant.2015年高考題

1.【2015·湖南】26.You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.A.what 【答案】C 【解析】 B.that

C.where

D.who

【考點定位】考查賓語從句。

【名師點睛】判斷是什么句子最關鍵，這個句子是由know引導的賓語從句，賓語從句的連接詞有連接代詞和連接副詞。因為從句部分缺少狀語成分，答案就出來了。正確解答該題需要理解句意以及注意上下文（you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.）的表達。2.【2015·北京】33.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.A.that 【答案】A 【解析】 B.where

C.what

D.why

【考點定位】考查名詞性從句。

【名師點睛】名詞性從句分多種，賓語從句在考試中也是很常見的，要注意賓語是句子的一個重要成分，它可以由名詞、代詞、名詞短語或句子充當。當一個句子充當賓語時，這個句子就稱之為賓語從句。一般情況下，賓語從句可作謂語 的賓語，也可做主語的賓語。根據(jù)所選空在句中所作的成分來判斷出是何種名詞性從句。

3.【2015·安徽】25.A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ______ ships are built for.A.what 【答案】A 【解析】

試題分析：句意：船停放在海港里是很安全的，但這并非建造船的目的。isn’t后跟從句作表語，表語從句中的for后缺少賓語，用what引導，what與for連用，表示目的。故選A。【考點定位】考查名詞性從句

【名師點睛】本題考查表語從句。表語從句是名詞性從句的一種，名詞性從句還包括主語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。可以根據(jù)從句在句子中充當?shù)某煞謥砼袛嗝~性從句的類型。isn’t后跟一個從句作表語，what在名詞性從句中作主語、賓語或表語；why和when作狀語。介詞for后缺少賓語，因此用what。4.【2015·浙江】6.If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.A.what

B.who

C.that D.whoever B.whom

C.why

D.when 【答案】A 【解析】

試題分析：句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，請確定查看水面下有什么？通常總有一些石頭或樹枝藏在水里。此處的what指代的是樹枝或石頭，B選項和D選項用于指人，that 只有語法意義。句式上，該句用了(If 從句，祈使句)的句式，非謂語to investigate 后接一個賓語從句的表達。分析賓語從句的成分可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，空格所做的成分是主語。根據(jù)下一句的表述中的樹枝和石頭，可以得出答案是what.【考點定位】考查賓語從句的連接詞

【名師點睛】判斷是什么句子最關鍵，這個句子是由investigate引導的賓語從句，因為從句部分is 前面缺少成分，答案就出來了。正確解答該題需要理解句意以及注意上下文（Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.）的表達。

5.【2015·重慶】8.We must find out ____ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.A.when B.how 【答案】A 【解析】

試題分析：句意：我們必須弄明白什么時候來，因此我們能給他預定房間。Find out 后面跟著賓語從句。

C.where D.why 根據(jù)句意選when?！究键c定位】考查賓語從句。

【名師點睛】 賓語從句連接詞的考查，賓語從句一共分為三類，一由that引導的賓語從句；二是由連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which和連接副詞when,where,why,who,how引導的賓語從句，這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句充當某個成分。三由if或whether引導賓語從句。首先要根據(jù)句子結構來確實是哪一類，再根據(jù)具體的信息來確實用哪一個，是否符合當時的語境。

6.【2015·四川】8.The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution.A.where B.why C.what D.which 【答案】B 【解析】

【考點定位】考查賓語從句

【名師點睛】本題考查賓語從句的引導詞。通常情況下，賓語從句如果是由陳述句變來時用that引導；如果由一般疑問句變來則用whether/if；而由特殊疑問句變來則用特殊疑問詞。通過四個選項，排除1、2兩種情況。而特殊疑問詞的選擇則要求對句子的結構內容有著全盤的掌握。此句中，主語、賓語、定語并不缺少，故選項C、D是錯誤的，再根據(jù)句意，只有B最為恰當。

7.【2015·陜西】19.Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.A.what B.that C.why D.how 【答案】A 【解析】

【考點定位】考查賓語從句

【名師點睛】賓語從句是名詞性從句的一種，解答這類題目，關鍵在于分析清楚句子結構。確定這是什么從句，再通過判斷從句中缺少的內容決定引導詞在從句中所作的成分及意義，來選擇正確的引導詞。通常如果名詞性從句缺少主語賓語和表語的時候用what連接。

8.【2015·福建】29—I wonder _________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.—By working out every day.A.where 【答案】B 【解析】

試題分析：考查賓語從句。句中I是主語，wonder是謂語，how引導的賓語從句在整個句子中做賓語。連接副詞How是賓語從句中的方式狀語。句子是用表示方式的介詞by回答的，所以是針對方式題提問的，故用how。根據(jù)句意---我好奇瑪麗在這些年是怎么保持著身材的。--通過每天鍛煉。故選C 【考點定位】考查賓語從句

【名師點睛】賓語從句算是高考中一個比較簡單的考點，引導詞主要的選擇方法是看賓語從句的引導詞在主句中做什么成分，不同的引導詞表達的意思也不相同。通常賓語從句的前面會有一個及物動詞，及物動詞后面可以直接接上賓語，但是也要結合具體情況進行具體分析。

9.【2015·江蘇】25._____ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it.A.That B.Why C.Where D.How 【答案】C 【解析】

試題分析：句意：李白是中國一位偉大的詩人，他的出生地是眾所周知的，但有些人不愿接受這一事實。分析句子結構可知，a great Chinese poet做Li Bai的同位語，is前面是主語從句。比較選項只有where符合句意，where在從句中做地點狀語。故選C項?！究键c定位】名詞性從句

【名師點睛】此題由于“a great Chinese poet”的插入，句子結構變得稍顯復雜，因此要求考生能夠排除結構干擾，看清考點還是考查名詞性從句連接詞的選擇，然后根據(jù)“從句部分缺什么補什么的原則選則連接詞”這一根本原則，同時結合句意，迅速鎖定正確答案。

10.【2015·北京】35._____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.A.Where B.How C.Why D.When 【答案】B 【解析】 B.how

C.why

D.If

【考點定位】主語從句。

【名師點睛】主語從句分多種，解題時要分析原題空中缺少的是何種狀語。這類題考生首先要利用主句與從句之間的邏輯關系判別，尤其是連詞在從句中的功能，由于引導主語從句的連詞功能有所分別，較為容易抉擇，但有的連詞的形式一樣，但具有不同意思，這就需要考生仔細甄別，充分利用與之相關內容或與其搭配相關詞語的意思。

2014年高考英語分項解析精編版

專題10名詞性從句

1.【2014·全國大綱卷】24.Exactly______ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.A.whether B.why C.when D.how 【答案】C 【解析】

試題分析：考查主語從句的連接詞。句意：準確的說，土豆是什么時候被傳到歐洲的還不確定，但是可能在1565年左右。此處when引導主語從句并在從句中作主語?？键c：考查主語從句的連接詞。

【名師點睛】從句分多種，主語從句在考試中也是很常見的，要注意主語是句子的一個重要成分，它可以由名詞、代詞、名詞短語或句子充當。當一個句子充當主語時，這個句子就稱之為主語從句。根據(jù)所選空在句中所作的成分來判斷出是何種名詞性從句。從而來選出合適的連接詞。

2.【2014·重慶卷】12.---Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?---Yeah, but I have no idea _______ he did it;that’s one of his favorite universities.A.when B.why C.that D.how 【答案】B 【解析】

項。故本題選擇B項。why表示“原因”?？键c：考查同位語從句的用法?！久麕燑c睛】 一般來說，在主從復合句中,用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。它通常跟在某些名詞之后，用以說明或解釋該名詞表示的具體內容。可以跟同位語從句的名詞通常有：advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, promise, proposal, reply, report, suggestion, word(消息), problem, question, doubt, thought等。本題中的idea可以跟同位語從句的名詞，做好此類題先分析從句的成分，然后再選擇適當?shù)倪B接詞。

3.【2014·北京卷】Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.A.whatever C.wherever 【答案】A 【解析】

試題分析：本題考查賓語從句，考查方式為連接詞。句意：有些人認為以前或現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情將來還會重復發(fā)生。根據(jù)題干信息，“過去發(fā)生或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情，將來仍然會重復”，賓語從句中缺少主語，并且指的是事件，所以選用A?？键c：考查賓語從句的用法

【名師點睛】名詞性從句分多種，賓語從句在考試中也是很常見的，要注意賓語是句子的一個重要成分，它可以由名詞、代詞、名詞短語或句子充當。當一個句子充當賓語時，這個句子就稱之為賓語從句。一般情況下，賓語從句可作謂語 的賓語，也可做主語的賓語。根據(jù)所選空在句中所作的成分來判斷出是何種名詞性從句。

4.【2014·北京卷】30.The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.A.where C.how 【答案】B 【解析】

B.when B.whenever.D.however

D.why

考點：考查表語從句的連接詞

【名師點睛】本題考查表語從句的用法，表語從句就是用一個句子作為表語。說明主語是什么或者怎么樣，由名詞、形容詞或相當于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語充當，和連系動詞一起構成謂語。表語從句是名詞性從句的一種。表語從句的基本結構是“主語+ 連系動詞+ 關聯(lián)詞+ 表語從句”。做此類題時應該分析句子成分，指出主語謂語，看缺少何種成分。

5.【2014·天津卷】14.I think _______ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.A.what B.that C.which D.who 【答案】A 【解析】

試題分析：考查主語從句。句意：我認為關于他的畫給我印象最深的是他使用的顏色。在主語從句中what做主語，指代物；that 只起連接作用，不做句子成分；which哪一個；who做主語，指代人；本從句中缺少主語，根據(jù)語境可知，物做主語。所以選A?？键c：考查主語從句。

【名師點睛】本題考查學生對主語從句的掌握情況。主語從句是在句子中擔當主語的是一個從句,這個從句就叫做主語從句。主語從句是在復合句中充當主語的從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。What 引導主語從句時在句時在從句中充當句子成分，如主語．賓語．表語。所以做此類題時看題中是否缺少成分，在選擇連接詞。

6.【2014·山東卷】7.It is difficult for us to imagine_____ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.A.where B.what C.which D.why 【答案】B 【解析】

試題分析：imagine后需要一個賓語，“l(fā)ife was like?”做imagine的賓語需要一個不做句子成分的引導詞，同時這個句子中l(wèi)ike缺少賓語，所以空格處缺少一個兼詞what。句意為：很難想象古代奴隸的生活是什么樣子的。故答案選B?？键c：考查賓語從句的用法。

【名師點睛】本題考查學生對賓語從句的掌握情況，賓語從句在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句.賓語從句分為三類:動詞的賓語從句,介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句.What, whatever,引導名詞性從句，且在名詞性從句中作主語，賓語，表語，做題時看句子中是否缺少成分。然后判斷出答案。7.【2014·江西卷】28.Among the many dangers_--sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.A.which B.what C.where D.when 【答案】A 【解析】

考點：考查定語從句

【名師點睛】本題考查定語從句中which的用法，which所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等也就是說做題時要注意句子中是否缺少主語。賓語等成分，然后判斷關系代詞，學生要注意分析定語從句在不同情況下的應用，才能面對更多的題型。

8.【2014·四川卷】2.Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's ______ I was born.” A.when

B.how

C.why

D.where 【答案】D 【解析】

試題分析: A何時；B誰；C為什么；D哪兒。系動詞is后是表語從句，四個選項均為連接副詞，故判斷缺少狀語，根據(jù)題干中給出的提示信息pointed to the hospital可知“奶奶”說的是出生的地點，故答案選D。句意：奶奶指著醫(yī)院說，“那就是我出生的地方。” 考點：考查表語從句的用法。

【名師點睛】本題考查表語從句的用法，表語從句就是用一個句子作為表語。說明主語是什么或者怎么樣，由名詞、形容詞或相當于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語充當，和連系動詞一起構成謂語。表語從句是名詞性從句的一種。表語從句的基本結構是“主語+ 連系動詞+ 關聯(lián)詞+ 表語從句”。做此類題時應該分析句子成分，指出主語謂語，看缺少何種成分。

9.【2014·福建卷】34.Pick yourself up.Courage is doing you're afraid to do.A.that B.what C.how D.whether 【答案】B 【解析】

【知識拓展】

在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句分為三類：動詞的賓語從句，介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句。連接賓語從句的從屬連詞主要有that, if, whether，和疑問詞（what，how，where，when...)。

考點：考查賓語從句。

【名師點睛】本題考查學生對賓語從句的掌握情況，賓語從句在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句.賓語從句分為三類:動詞的賓語從句,介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句.What引導名詞性從句，且在名詞性從句中作主語，賓語，表語，做題時看句子中是否缺少成分。學生必須仔細斟酌句子成分，然后再作判斷。

10.【2014·江蘇卷】26.—What a mess!You are always so lazy!—I’m not to blame, mum.I am ________ you have made me.A.how 【答案】B 【解析】

試題分析：考查名詞性從句用法。本題考查的是表語從句，注意動詞make后接雙賓語，即make sb.sth.故用關系詞what來引導。句意：——怎么這么亂啊！你總是這么懶！——我不應該受到責備，媽媽。我是你使得我這樣的。故B正確。考點：考名詞性從句用法

【名師點睛】本題考查考生對名詞性從句的掌握情況，做名詞性從句的題時，先劃分句子結構，找出從句是什么，然后看主句完整不完整，如果主句不完整，就是主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句三者之一；如果主句完整，就是同位語從句。這里就是一個表語從句，從句子成分中分析出正確答案。

11.【2014·陜西卷】15.________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.A.Why 【答案】B 【解析】試題分析：考查主語從句。句意：被延誤的航班何時起飛依天氣而定。題干中主句的謂語動詞為depends，為此前面是主語從句。Why在主語從句中做原因狀語；when在主語從句中作時間狀語；that在主語從句中不做任何成分；what在主語從句中作主語或賓語。根據(jù)語境判斷主語從句中缺少時間狀語，故選B.When

C.That

D.What B.what

C.that

D.who B。

考點：考查主語從句

【名師點睛】本題考查考生對主語從句，主語從句是在句子中擔當主語的是一個從句,這個從句就叫做主語從句。主語從句是在復合句中充當主語的從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。本題 when在主語從句中作時間狀語，所以做此類題時看題中是否缺少成分，再選擇連接詞。

12.【2014·湖南卷】24.As John Lennon once said，life is_____ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.A.which 【答案】C 【解析】 B.that C.what

D.where

考點：考查名詞性從句用法

【名師點睛】本題考查考生對名詞性從句的掌握情況，定語從句作用相當于形容詞，修飾主句中的一個名詞或代詞或整個句子，同位語從句是對前面的名詞做進一步解釋，說明該名詞的具體內容的句子。本題中說的那個 “句子中賓語或主語用一個句子來代替就是該種從句”用一個句子來代替賓語或主語，那就屬于主語從句或賓語性從句了。所以做題時仔細分析題干，才能更好地做好題。

13.【2014·浙江卷】8.“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____ my mother used to tell me.A.what

B.how

C.that

D.whether 【答案】A 【解析】

【知識拓展】這四個詞在引導表語從句的區(qū)別：what引導的表語從句，它在從句中作主語或賓語；how引導的表語從句，它在從句中作狀語；that引導的表語從句，它在從句不做成分，沒有詞義；whether引導的表語從句，它在從句中作主語或賓語不做成分，但是有“是否”的含義?？键c：考查表語從句。

【名師點睛】本題考查考生對表語從句的掌握情況，表語從句放在連系動詞之后，充當復合句中的表語。

表語從句由關聯(lián)詞+簡單句構成。表語從句就是一個句子在整個句子中處于表語的位置，通常情況下放在系動詞之后。英語中的系動詞不多，放在系動詞后面的句子、單詞、詞組通常作的是表語。最常見的系動詞是be動詞。所以做題時仔細分析題干，才能更好地做好題。

2013年高考英語試題分類匯編之單項填空

專題10—名詞性從句

1.【2013浙江】The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ______ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.A.how B.that C.which D.whether 【答案】B 【解析】

試題分析：考查名詞性從句。此處是由that引導的同位語從句，指代belief的具體內容，同時從句中不缺少成分，所以用that引導，這里選B項。

【名師點睛】同位語從句和定語從句不一樣，同位語從句是對同位詞內容的說明不是修飾，同位語從句的that不能省略。定語從句引導詞that在從句中做成分，做賓語的時候可以省略。注意二者的區(qū)別。2.________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.A.When B.How C.What D.That 【答案】C 【解析】

試題分析：考查名詞性從句。此處you said 需要賓語。describes a bright future for the company需要主語，只有what能滿足要求。句意：你會上所說的話是對公司發(fā)展前景的一個很好的描述。

【名師點睛】考查名詞性從句的連接詞要學會分析句子成分。如果主語從句缺少主賓表，用what連接主語從句，如果不缺成分，用that連接，引導主語從句的that在從句中不做成分，只起到連接的作用。3.It remains to be seen the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.A.that B.which C.what D.Whether 【答案】D 【解析】 試題分析：考查名詞性從句。題干中it作形式主語，所填詞引導的從句作真正的主語，引導詞在從句中不作成分，但其意思是：是否，用whether引導，故選D。句意：新成立的委員會的政策是否能夠付諸實施還有待觀察。

【名師點睛】主語從句是在復合句中充當主語的從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。根據(jù)句意可知需要whether，而且It remains to be seen whether可以當成固定句型記憶。

4.________struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.A．That B．It C．What D．Which 【答案】C 【解析】

試題分析：考查名詞性從句。________ struck me most 是主語從句，在這個從句中缺主語，因此用what引導。

【名師點睛】看到名詞性從句的題目首先判斷是什么名詞性從句。其次看從句的成分。如果從句缺少主賓表，用what連接，如果不缺成分，用that連接，引導主語從句的that在從句中不做成分，只起到連接的作用，學生要會分析句子成分。

5.Police have found ________ appears to be the lost ancient statue.A.which 【答案】D 【解析】 B.where

C.how

D．what 的數(shù)量，故選D。句意：警察已經(jīng)找到了好像是失蹤的古代雕像的東西。

【名師點睛】看到名詞性從句的題目首先判斷是什么名詞性從句。其次看看從句的成分。根據(jù)found可知后面是賓語從句。賓語從句缺少主語，用what連接，如果不缺成分，用that連接，只起到連接的作用，不做成分。

6.Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory.A.how B.that

C.which

D.where 【答案】A 【解析】

【名師點睛】解答名詞性從句的題目首先判斷是什么名詞性從句。其次看看從句的成分。根據(jù)tell可知后面是賓語從句。賓語從句中形容詞close前面缺少修飾語。用how對它進行修飾。

7.It's good to know ________ the dogs will be well cared for while we're away.A.what B.whose C.which D.that 【答案】D 【解析】

試題分析：考查名詞性從句。句中的it是形式主語，________ the dogs will be well cared for while we're away是真正的主語，用引導詞that。句意：非常高興知道，我們不在的時候這些狗會被照顧得很好?！久麕燑c睛】主語從句是在復合句中充當主語的從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。解答這類題目，關鍵在于分析清楚句子結構。引導主語從句的that在從句中不做成分，只起到連接的作用。

8.________ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.A.That B.Which C．Whether D．What 【答案】D 【解析】

試題分析：考查名詞性從句中主語從句連接詞的用法。分析句子結構知，此句的謂語是is，其前是主語從句，從句中謂語動詞want后缺賓語，故用what引導名詞性從句。句意：我想告訴你的是我對我父母的深深的愛和尊敬。

【名師點睛】如果主語從句缺少主賓表，用what連接主語從句，如果不缺成分，用that連接，引導主語從句的that在從句中不做成分，只起到連接的作用，學生要會分析句子成分。表語從句也是這樣。9.From space, the earth looks blue.This is ________ about seventy－one percent of its surface is covered by water.A．why B．how C．because D．whether 【答案】C 【解析】 試題分析：考查表語從句。語境中“地球表面約71%被水覆蓋”和“從太空上看，地球是藍色的”之間是因果關系，故用because引導表語從句。

【名師點睛】連接表語從句的連接詞有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how, whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等。還有如because, as if, as though等。解答這類題目，關鍵在于分析清楚句子結構。通過判斷引導詞在從句中所作的成分及意義，來選擇正確的引導詞。10.________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.A.That B.What C.Who D.Which 【答案】B 【解析】

試題分析：考查名詞性從句的連接詞。is之前為主語從句，該從句缺主語，指的是事物，所以選B?！久麕燑c睛】主語從句是在復合句中充當主語的從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。解答這類題目，關鍵在于分析清楚句子結構。通過判斷引導詞在從句中所作的成分及意義，來選擇正確的引導詞。連接主語從句的從屬連詞主要有that, if, whether，和疑問詞（what how where when...)。that引導表示陳述句的主語從句，if和whether，whether...or not引導表示“是否”，引導一般疑問句。連接代詞主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。連接代詞一般指疑問，但what, whatever除了指疑問外，也可以指陳述。連接副詞主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等.11.Experts believe ________ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.A.why B.where C.that D.what 【答案】C 【解析】

試題分析：考查名詞性從句的連接詞。believe后的賓語從句陳述的是一個事實，并且從句中不缺成分，所以只需填入關系詞that即可。

【名師點睛】賓語從句屬于名詞性從句一種，賓語從句中的連接詞that, whether, if在句中不充當任何成分，只起連接作用；連接代詞who(ever), which(ever), whom(ever)，whose(ever)，what(ever)在句中做主語，賓語，表語和定語；連接副詞when, why, where, how，在句中做狀語。應從上下句的句法關系著手分析，同時注意賓語從句的語序問題。

第五篇：高考英語語法：名詞性從句

004km.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

名詞性從句

在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句。名詞從句的功能相當于名詞詞組, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。17.1 引導名詞性從句的連接詞

引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連接詞： that, whether ,if（不充當從句的任何成分）

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 連接副詞：when, where, how, why 不可省略的連詞：

1.介詞后的連詞

2.引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。例如：

That she was chosen made us very happy.她被選上了，我們很高興。

We heard the news that our team had won.我們聽到消息說我們隊贏了。

比較：whether與if 均為“是否”的意思。但在下列情況下，whether 不能被if 取代：

1.whether引導主語從句并在句首

2.引導表語從句

3.whether從句作介詞賓語

4.從句后有“or not”

大部分連接詞引導的主語從句都可以置于句末，用 it充當形式主語。例如：

It is not important who will go.誰去，這不重要。

It is still unknown which team will win the match.到底誰贏呢，形勢尚不明朗。17.2 名詞性that-從句 004km.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

1）由從屬連詞that引導的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。That只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不擔任任何成分，本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當主語、賓語、表語、同位語和形容詞賓語。例如：

主語：That he is still alive is sheer luck.他還活著全靠運氣。

賓語：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。表語：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事實是近來誰也沒有見過他。同位語：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.近來誰也沒有見過他，這一情況令辦公室所有的人不安。

形容詞賓語：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.你對工作滿意我感到很高興。2）That-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞，而將that-從句置于句末。例如：

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整個計劃注定要失敗。

It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關系：

a.It + be +形容詞+ that-從句

It is necessary that…

有必要……

It is important that…

重要的是……

It is obvious that…

很明顯…… b.It + be +-ed 分詞+ that-從句

It is believed that…

人們相信……

It is known to all that…

從所周知……

It has been decided that…

已決定…… c.It + be +名詞+ that-從句

It is common knowledge that…

……是常識

004km.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

It is a surprise that…

令人驚奇的是……

It is a fact that…

事實是…… d.It +不及物動詞+ that-分句

It appears that…

似乎……

It happens that…

碰巧……

It occurred to me that…

我突然想起…… 17.3 名詞性wh-從句

1）由wh-詞引導的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,.whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。

Wh-從句的語法功能除了和that-從句一樣外，還可充當介詞賓語、賓語補語和間接賓語等。例如：

主語： How the book will sell depends on its author.書銷售如何取決于作者本人。直接賓語：In one's own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以隨心所欲。

間接賓語：The club will give whoever wins a prize.獲勝者俱樂部將頒獎。

表語： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。

賓語補足語：She will name him whatever she wants to.她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。

同位語：

I have no idea when he will return.我不知道他什么時候回來。

形容詞賓語：I'm not sure why she refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的邀請。

介詞賓語： That depends on where we shall go.那取決于我們去哪兒。2）Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語，而將wh-從句置于句末。例如：

It is not yet decided who will do that job.還沒決定誰做這項工作。

It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他們何時結婚依然不明。17.4 if, whether引導的名詞從句

1）yes-no型疑問從句 004km.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

從屬連詞if, whether引導的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉化而來的，因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句，其功能和wh-從句的功能相同。例如：

主語：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved.這一計劃是否可行還有等證實。

賓語：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。

表語：The point is whether we should lend him the money.問題在于我們是否應該借錢給他。

同位語：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他們調查他是否值得信賴。

形容詞賓語： She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come.她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。

介詞賓語： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我擔心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。

2）選擇性疑問從句

選擇性疑問從句由關聯(lián)詞if/whether…or或whethe…or not構成。例如：

Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish.請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。

I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。17.5 否定轉移

1）將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。例如：

I don't think I know you.我想我并不認識你。

I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回來。

注意：若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉移。例如：

I hope you weren't ill.我想你沒有生病吧。

2）將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉移到前面。例如：

It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看來他們不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看來我們明天不會碰上好天氣。004km.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

3）有時將動名詞，介詞短語或整個從句的否定轉變?yōu)閷χ^語動詞的否定。例如：

I don't remember having ever seen such a man.我記得從未見過這樣一個人。（not否定動名詞短語 having…）

It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.在這里，人們不會想到在街上會碰上陌生的人。（anyone 作主語，從句中的謂語動詞不能用否定形式。）

4）有時狀語或狀語從句中否定可以轉移到謂語動詞前。例如：

The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.（否定狀語）螞蟻不只是為自己采食。

He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so.（否定because狀語）

他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何，就輕信此事。

She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struckby her beauty.（否定狀語many weeks）她結婚還不到幾個月，這個人的弟弟就看見她了，并對她的美貌著了迷。