第一篇：2010年溫總理答記者問中英文版本

2010溫總理答記者問

010 年 3 月 14 日上午，十一屆全國人大三次會議在人民大會堂舉行記者會，國務(wù)院總理溫 家寶應(yīng)大會發(fā)言人李肇星的邀請會見中外記者，并回答記者提問。On the morning of 14 March 2010, a press conference of the Third Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress was held in the Great Hall of the People.At the invitation of Mr.Li Zhaoxing, spokesman of the NPC Session, Mr.Wen Jiabao, Premier of theState Council, met journalists from home and abroad and answered their questions.記者會開始時，溫家寶說：記者朋友們，大家好。過去的兩年我們是在極其困難條件下走過 來的。人民用堅實的步伐走過了不平坦的道路，這將會在歷史上留下印跡。今后幾年，道路 依然不平坦，甚至充滿荊棘。我們應(yīng)該記住這樣一條古訓(xùn)：行百里者半九十。不可有任何松 懈、麻痹和動搖。

Premier Wen Jiabao's opening remarks: Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, friends of the press.Under very tough circumstances, we have covered an eventful course in the past two years.The Chinese people have gone through an extraordinary journey with solid steps.It will leave an imprint in the annals of history.The road ahead is not a smooth one.It may be full of twists and turns.But We should always remember this important thing, that is “Half of the people who have embarked on the 100 journey may fall by the wayside”.This means we must not slacken our efforts in the slightest.And we must not waver in our resolve.同時我們要堅定信心。華山再高，頂有過路。解決困難唯一的辦法、出路和希望，在于我們 自己的努力。我深深愛著我的國家。沒有一片土地讓我這樣深情和激動，沒有一條河流讓我 這樣沉思和起伏。亦余心之所善兮，雖九死其猶未悔。我將以此明志，做好今后三年的工作?，F(xiàn)在我愿意回答大家的問題。

We must reinforce our confidence.“No matter how high the mountain is, one can always ascend to its top”.In the face of variousdifficulties, our only answer, only solution and only hope lie in the efforts of ourselves.I have deep love for this country.I love every inch of its land.I love every river that flows on this peace of earth, with deep passion and deep affection.“For the ideal that I hold dear to my heart, I'd not regret even a thousand deaths to die.” With this strong commitment, I will contiune to devote myself to my work in my next three years.Now I'm ready for your questions.Financial Times: Good morning, Premier Wen.Jefta from Financial Times.I'd like to ask a question aboutChina's currency policy.The economy is now growing very strongly in China.You've recovered very quickly.And the inflation is now rising almost closeto the 3% target you set for the year.So regardless of pressure and comments from other countries, isn't it now in China's interest to begin appreciating your currency? Thank you.英國 《金融時報》 記者： 我想問一個有關(guān)中國貨幣政策的問題?，F(xiàn)在中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展速度很快，中國經(jīng)濟迅速實現(xiàn)企穩(wěn)回升，中國的通貨膨脹也在上漲，幾乎已經(jīng)達到了您在政府工作報告 中定下的今年通脹保持在 3%左右的目標(biāo)。不管外界給中國什么樣的壓力或者對中國的貨幣 政策作出什么評論，我想問，讓人民幣升值難道不是符合中國自身利益的一件事嗎？ 溫家寶：第一，我認(rèn)為人民幣的幣值沒有低估。讓我們看一組數(shù)據(jù)：我們統(tǒng)計了去年 37 個 國家對中國的出口情況，其中有 16 個國家對中國的出口是增長的。就是歐盟地區(qū)，出口總 體下降 20.3%，但是對中國的出口只下降 15.3%(1.53%)。我舉一個德國的例子，那就是去年 德國對中國的出口多達 760 億歐元，創(chuàng)歷史最高。美國去年出口下降 17%，但是對中國的 出口僅下降 0.22%。中國已經(jīng)成為周邊國家包括日本、韓國的主要出口市場，也成為歐美的 重要出口市場。

Premier:First I don't think the RMB has depreciated.Let's take a look at a set of figures here.We did a survey of exports of 37 countries in the world towards China last year.Sixteen out of the 37 countries exports more goods to China.Talking about the European area where this journalist comes from, on the whole, exports of European countries have decrease by 20.3%, yet its exports to China only fell by 15.3%(1.53%).Last year, Germany's exports to China reached 76 billion, reaching a historical high.And last year, exports of the United States dropped by 17%, but its exports to China only declined by 0.22%.From this we can see, China has become an important export market for its neighboring countries, including Japan and the ROK.It is also a major export market for European countries and the United States.第二，在國際金融危機爆發(fā)和蔓延期間，人民幣匯率保持基本穩(wěn)定對世界經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇作出了重 要貢獻。人民幣匯率形成機制改革是從 2005 年 7 月份開始的，到現(xiàn)在人民幣的幣值對美元 升值 21%，實際有效匯率升值 16%。我這里特別強調(diào)指出，就是 2008 年 7 月到 2009 年 2 月，也就是世界經(jīng)濟極為困難的時期，人民幣并沒有貶值，而實際有效匯率升值 14.5%。在 這期間，2009 年，我們的外貿(mào)出口下降了 16%，但是進口只降低了 11%，順差減少了 1020 億美元。人民幣匯率在國際金融危機蔓延中基本穩(wěn)定，對世界經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇起了促進的作用。

Second, since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, we have made strong efforts to keep RMB exchange rate at a stable level.This has played an important role in facilitating the recovery in the global economy.We have started to reform the RMB exchangerate regime from July 2005.And since then RMB has appreciated by 21% against the US dollar.The real effective exchange rate of RMB rose by 16%.Here I would like to point out that between July 2008 and February 2009 in the midst of raging economic crisis, the RMB did not devalue.Actually the real effective exchange rate of RMB rose by 14.5%.In 2009, our exports dropped by 16%,but our imports only declined by 11%.And China's trade surplus declined by US$102 billion.A stable RMB exchange rate level inthe midst of the international financial crisis has played an important role in promotiong a recovery in the global economy.第三，一國的匯率是由一國的經(jīng)濟決定的，匯率的變動也是由經(jīng)濟的綜合情況決定的。我們 主張自由貿(mào)易，因為自由貿(mào)易不僅使經(jīng)濟像活水一樣流動，而且給人們帶來福祉與和平。Third, the exchange rate policy of a country is decided by this country's economic conditions.Any change in the exchange rate policy is responsive to the overall situation of the economy of our country.We call for free trade, because we are of the view that free trade will help keep the economy going and will also bring peace and harmony to the people.我們反對各國之間相互指責(zé)，甚至用強制的辦法來迫使一國的匯率升值，因為這樣做反而不 利于人民幣匯率的改革。在貿(mào)易問題上，我們主張協(xié)商，通過平等協(xié)商總會找到共贏或者多 贏的渠道。

We are opposed to the practice of engaging in mutual finger-pointing among countries, or taking strong measures to force other countries to appreciate their currencies, because this kind of practices is not in the interest of the reform of the RMB exchangerate regime.On trade issues, we have always maintained that trade disputes should be resolved through consultations.And we believe that equal consultations will always lead to a win-win or all-win solution.第四，人民幣將繼續(xù)堅持以市場供求為目的、有管理的浮動匯率制度，我們將進一步推進人 民幣匯率形成機制的改革，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩(wěn)定。Fourth, we will continue to implement a managed, market-based and floating exchange rate regime.We will continue to reform the RMB exchange rate regime and keep RMB exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.新華社記者：總理您好，我是新華社記者。國際貨幣基金組織不久前對今明兩年世界經(jīng)濟和 中國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展都作出了比較樂觀的預(yù)測，但是不少經(jīng)濟學(xué)家卻對世界經(jīng)濟和中國經(jīng)濟的發(fā) 展，認(rèn)為都存在二次探底的風(fēng)險，甚至認(rèn)為這種風(fēng)險不可避免。而您在剛剛通過的政府工作 報告中也用“極為復(fù)雜”四個字來形容今年我們面臨的形勢，請問總理，您怎么看輿論的這 種擔(dān)心？中國經(jīng)濟將如何避免出現(xiàn)二次探底的情況？經(jīng)濟的形勢 “極為復(fù)雜”復(fù)雜在哪里？

Xinhua News Agency: With Xinhua News Agency.The International Monetary Fund has made quite optimistic forecasts of the world economy and China's economy this year and the next year.However, some economists believe that both the world economy and China's economy face the risk of a double-dip.They even hold the view that a double-dip is not avoidable.You said in your report on the work of the government that this year will be very complicated for the Chinese economy.I would like to get your perspective on the worries from the public.What will the Chinese government do to avert the risk of a double-dip? And why this year is goingto be the most complicated year for China?

溫家寶：形勢復(fù)雜，復(fù)雜在不確定因素多。我認(rèn)為，雖然世界經(jīng)濟出現(xiàn)整體復(fù)蘇的形勢，但 世界經(jīng)濟的主要矛盾和問題并沒有完全消除。一些主要經(jīng)濟體失業(yè)率居高不下，一些國家主 權(quán)債務(wù)危機還在暴露，金融和財政還存在風(fēng)險，大宗商品和主要貨幣的匯率不穩(wěn)定，由于通 脹的預(yù)期而使一些國家在政策的選擇上產(chǎn)生困難，這些都有可能使經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇的形勢出現(xiàn)反 復(fù)，甚至二次探底。

Premier: This year is going to be the most complicated year for the Chinese economy, because we still face a lot of uncertainties.I believe in spite of the overall recovery in the world economy, the major challenges and problems in the global economy haveyet to be fully addressed.The unemployment rates in some major economies have been hovering at a high level.Some countries have witnessed the outbreak of sovereign debt crisis.There are still risks in the financial sector and public finance.Prices of bulk commodities on international markets and exchange rates of major currencies are not yet stable.As a result of inflation expectations, some countries are facing difficulties in making the right policy decisions.All these may cause setbacks in the course of promoting a recovery in the global economy and may even lead to a double-dip.中國的經(jīng)濟離不開世界。我們雖然出現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟的企穩(wěn)回升，但是我們許多企業(yè)的經(jīng)營狀況還 沒有根本好轉(zhuǎn)，它們主要靠政策的支撐。It is impossible for China to develop its economy out of the context of broader international economy.It is true that the Chinese economy has stabilized and is turning for the better, but I should also point out that there has not been a fundamental improvement in the operations of many Chinese businesses.And a lot of Chinese businesses are still reliant on the stimulus measures to stay afloate.國際金融危機對中國經(jīng)濟的沖擊在一定程度上講，是對我們經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)和發(fā)展方式的沖擊，而 調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)和轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式不是一個短期的過程，要作艱苦的努力。我們必須堅持把轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展 方式、調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)放在重要位置，改變中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)和不可持續(xù)的問題。中 國經(jīng)濟今年必須處理好保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)和管理好通脹預(yù)期三者的關(guān)系，走 出一條光明的路子。只有這樣，才可能避免二次探底。謝謝你。

Impact of the international financial crisis on the Chinese economy is, in a sense, an impact on our economic structure and pattern of economic development.It is impossible for us to complete the arduous task of economic restructuring and changing the growth pattern in a short span of time.It calls for long standing and hard efforts.Therefore, we must continue to give priority to transforming the growth pattern and economic restructuring in all our efforts.And to do that, we will be able to address those structural problems that have caused unsteady, uncoordinated and unsustainable problems in the Chinese economy.This year we must skillfully handle the relationship between maintaining fast yet steady economic development, restructuring our economic structure and managing inflation expectations.We must accomplish the three tasks at the same time in order to ensure a bright future for the Chinese economy.And only in this way may we avert the risk of a double-dip.Newsweek Magazine: Thank you, Mr Premier.My name is Melinda Liu.I'm with Newsweek Magazine.According to media reports, some American officialsand analysts say that the Chinese delegation, the representatives at Copenhagen, the Climate Change Summit in December, were perceived as arrogant, and that you, Mr.Premier, your decision not to attend the key meeting there even though other heads of state, including President Barack Obama, were in attendance at the meeting was a reason for disappointment and surprise by some of the other participants.What is your response to this and how did the proceedings in Copenhagen look from your perspective? Thank you very much.美國《新聞周刊》記者：您好。我是新聞周刊的記者。有美國的官員、還有分析家以及媒體 認(rèn)為，在去年 12 月舉行的哥本哈根氣候大會上，中國代表團表現(xiàn)傲慢，溫家寶總理您本人 甚至拒絕參加一個包括美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬在內(nèi)的若干國家元首或首腦參加的重要會議，這令與 會各方感到失望和吃驚。您對此作何回應(yīng)？您如何看待哥本哈根進程？ 溫家寶：中國有一句古語：人或加訕，心無疵兮。但畢竟你還給了我一個澄清真相的機會，因此，我首先應(yīng)該感謝你。Premier: As a Chinese proverb goes, “My conscience stays untainted in spite of the rumors and slanders from the outside.” But I still want to thank you for giving me an opportunity to clear up what actually happened in Copenhagen.去年 12 月 17 號，也就是在哥本哈根領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人大會前一天晚上，丹麥女王為各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人舉行宴 會，就在那次宴會上，我從一位歐洲國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人那里知道當(dāng)天晚上有一個少數(shù)國家參加的會 議，她給我拿出了一個單子，上面赫然有中國的名字。我感到震驚，因為我沒有接到任何通 知。就在這時，一位新興大國的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人主動約見我，說有緊急的事情要和我談。他告訴我，他從一位歐洲國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人那里得到通知，說當(dāng)天晚上有一個會議。我對他講，我沒有得到通 知。On the evening of the 17th December last year, that was the evening before the high-level segment of Copenhagen Conference opened.Danish Queen hosted a banquet for the participating leaders of the Copenhagen Conference.At the banquet, I learned from the leader of a European country that there would be a small group leader's meeting after the banquet that night.I was shown a listof the invited countries and the list has the name China on it.I felt shocked because I had received no notification of China being invited to this meeting.It was at this moment that the leader of a big emerging country sent his staff to me, telling me this leader wanted to talk to me for an urgent matter.The leader told me that he just received a notice of this small group leaders' meeting after the banquet from the leader of a European country.And I told him that I had not received any notification.回到駐地，我緊急召集中方人員進行查詢，確實我們代表團沒有接到通知。在這種情況下，我決定：第一，向大會秘書處質(zhì)詢。第二，請楊外長給美國國務(wù)卿克林頓打電話告訴真相。第三，即使沒有接到通知，我們也仍然派外交部副部長何亞非與會。

Upon returning to my hotel, I immediately called the Chinese delegation attending the conference to a meeting to check what had really happened.I learned that indeed the Chinese delegation had not received any notification of this small group leaders' meeting.Under such circumstances, I decided, first, we would first inquire of the secretariat of the conference for accurate information.Second, I asked Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi to call US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to explain the situation to her.And third, I decided that although the Chinese delegation had not received any notification of the meeting, I would send Vice Foreign Minister He Yafei to attend the meeting no matter what.我想在這里說明，那時奧巴馬總統(tǒng)還沒有抵達哥本哈根。何亞非副部長到達會場，首先代表 中國政府代表團表示抗議，并且說“我是不請而來的”。為什么不通知中國？至今沒有人向 我們做任何解釋，至今在我的腦子里還是一個謎團。

I would like to inform you that President Obama had not arrived in Copenhagen by that time.Upon arriving at the meeting, Vice Foreign Minister He Yafei expressed a protest on behalf of the Chinese delegation and he said, “I have arrived to attend the meeting uninvited.” Why was China not notified of this meeting? So far no one has given us any explanation about this and it is still a mystery to me.你知道，在哥本哈根 60 個小時，我?guī)缀鯖]有休息。我會見了德、英、日等國的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，會 見了印度、巴西等國的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，會見了 77 國集團、非盟以及小島國的代表。我兩次會見奧 巴馬總統(tǒng)，而且進行了長時間的會談。我還會見了聯(lián)合國秘書長和東道主丹麥?zhǔn)紫?。中國?府代表團所做的大量工作是有目共睹的。

In the sixty hours that I spent at Copenhagen, I had little time for rest.As you may know, I held meetings with leaders of Germany, the UK and Japan.I met with leaders of India and Brazil.I also held meetings with representatives of the Group of 77 and African Union and leaders of some small island countries.I met US President Obama twice, and we had long conversations.I also had meetings with the UN Secretary-General and Prime Minister of Denmark.The Chinese delegation put in a large amount of efforts at the Copenhagen conference, and our efforts were widely recognized.在哥本哈根會議遇到困難、許多國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人準(zhǔn)備 “打道回府” 的時候，我們堅持同各方斡旋，與各國共同努力，最終達成了《哥本哈根協(xié)議》。這個成果是來之不易的，也是在涉及各國 重大利益問題上可能取得的最好成果。哥本哈根會議結(jié)束以后，1 月份我就致函聯(lián)合國秘書 長和丹麥?zhǔn)紫?，堅定地表示，中國高度評價和支持《哥本哈根協(xié)議》的立場。就在最近，我 們又致函聯(lián)合國，表示全面支持《哥本哈根協(xié)議》的立場，并且聲明中國列入支持《哥本哈 根協(xié)議》的名單國。

I did not give up the efforts and continued with consultations with leaders from other countries when the Copenhagen conference ran into serious difficulty and leaders of some delegations were even getting prepared to leave Copenhagen.China worked with other countries attending the conference and, with joint efforts, we have made the Copenhagen Accord possible.This result has notcome easily.And it is the best outcome that could have been achieved on a issue that concerns the major interests of all countries.At the end of last January, after the Copenhagen conference, I wrote letters to UN Secretary-General and Danish Prime Minister respectively, expressing in clear-cut terms that China highly commends and supports the Copenhagen Accord.Not long ago, China once again wrote to the UN, expressing that China fully supports the Copenhagen Accord and confirming that China can be included into the list of countries supporting the Copenhagen Accord.為什么總拿中國做文章？我至今不明白。氣候變化問題關(guān)系到人類的生存，也關(guān)系各國的利 益，關(guān)系世界的公平和正義。我們堅持“共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任”原則是完全正確的，我們將 繼續(xù)同世界各國一道推進應(yīng)對氣候變化的進程。謝謝你。It still baffles me why some people keep trying to make an issue about China.The issue of climate change concerns human survival, the interests of all countries and equity and justice in our international community.We are fully justified to stick to the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities”.And China will continue to work with other countries to advance the international efforts in tackling climate change.Thank you.臺灣《聯(lián)合報》記者：總理您好，我是臺灣聯(lián)合報記者。想請教您有關(guān)兩岸商簽經(jīng)濟合作框 架協(xié)議的問題。您兩會之前和網(wǎng)民交流的時候提到說在商簽兩岸經(jīng)濟合作框架協(xié)議的時候，考慮到兩岸經(jīng)濟規(guī)模的差異，還有臺灣中小企業(yè)還有農(nóng)民的利益，大陸這邊可以讓利。那能 不能請您向我們透露一下大陸讓利的實質(zhì)內(nèi)涵是什么？您認(rèn)為今年 6 月兩岸可以簽署 ECFA 嗎？去年您在這里有一段溫馨的談話，您說想到臺灣去看一看，然后我想知道說，如果兩岸 簽了 ECFA 后對您到臺灣走走看看會不會創(chuàng)造更好的條件？

Taiwan-based United Daily News: I'm with Lianhebao of Taiwan.My question is about the negotiation and signing of Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement(ECFA)between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits.You said when you had online chat with Internet users before the two sessions this year that the mainland would be prepared to let people in Taiwan benefit more from ECFA, given the different sizes of the economy of the two sides.You also said that the mainland will take into account of the interests of small and medium-sized businesses in Taiwan and farmers in Taiwan.I wonder if you can elaborate on what you mean about letting Taiwan benefit more from ECFA.Do you think ECFA can be signed in June this year? Last year at the press conference you said you wanted very much to visit Taiwan one day.I wonder if the signing of ECFA will help foster more favorable conditions for you to make a trip to Taiwan.溫家寶：兩岸正在商簽的經(jīng)濟合作框架協(xié)議是一個綜合性的、具有兩岸特色的協(xié)議。商簽這 個協(xié)議應(yīng)該把握好三個原則：第一，平等協(xié)商；第二，互利雙贏；第三，彼此照顧對方的關(guān) 切。我確實講過，在商簽協(xié)議時要充分考慮兩岸經(jīng)濟規(guī)模和市場條件的不同，關(guān)心臺灣中小 企業(yè)和廣大基層民眾的利益，特別要照顧臺灣農(nóng)民的利益。

Premier: The Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits is a comprehensive document that reflects the characteristics of both sides of the Straits.In negotiating such an agreement, it is important to abide by the following three principles: first, equal consultations;second, mutual benefit and win-win progress;and third, accommodation ofeach other's concerns.I did say that in negotiating such an agreement, full consideration will be given to the different sizesof the economy and market conditions of the two sides of the Straits.We will care for the interests of small and medium-sized businesses and ordinary people in Taiwan.In particular, we will accommodate the interests of farmers in Taiwan.我也確實講過，要讓利給臺灣。這種讓利，比如關(guān)稅減免可通過“早期收獲”實現(xiàn)。另外，也要做出讓臺灣農(nóng)民放心的事情。但是，我看到臺灣的報紙，很大的篇幅報道溫總理關(guān)于讓 利的論述。可是我在在線訪談時講了兩句話，后面還有一句話“因為我們是兄弟”，這句話 就鮮有報道。我知道商簽協(xié)議是一個復(fù)雜的過程，但是正因為我們是兄弟，“兄弟雖有小忿，不廢懿親”，問題總是可以解決的。

I did say that we will let the people in Taiwan benefit more from ECFA.The benefit can be achieved through tariff concessions and “early harvest”.Relevant arrangements will also be made to help reassure the farmers in Taiwan in negotiating ECFA.I have seen much coverage about my remark of letting Taiwan benefit more from ECFA in the news media of Taiwan.But I saw little coverage of the remark that followed this previous remark that I made in my online discussion with the Internet users, that is, “because we are brothers”.I understand the negotiation may be a complex process.But“differences between brothers cannot sever their blood ties”.And I believe that problems will eventually be solved.我去臺灣的愿望依舊是那么強烈，因為我認(rèn)為中華民族 5000 年的文化，具有強大的震撼力 和凝聚力，不要因為 50 年的政治而丟掉 5000 年的文化。

I still cherish a very strong wish to visit Taiwan one day.Because in my view, the five-thousand-year history of the Chinese nation has a strong appeal and our five-thousand-year culture has strong cohesiveness.I don't think that one should abandon the five-thousand-year Chinese culture just because of the political developments in the past 50 years.我講一個故事你可以告訴臺灣同胞。在元朝有一位畫家叫黃公望，他畫了一幅著名的《富春 山居圖》，79 歲才開始創(chuàng)作的，完成之后不久就去世了。幾百年來，這幅畫輾轉(zhuǎn)流失，但現(xiàn) 在我知道，一半放在杭州博物館，一半放在臺北故宮博物院，我希望兩半幅畫什么時候能合 成一幅畫。畫是如此，人何以堪。謝謝你，向臺灣同胞問好。

Let me tell a story here and I hope that you will bring the story to the people in Taiwan too.There was a painter by the name of Huang Gongwang in Yuan Dynasty in China, and he had a famous painting of the Scenery by the river of Fuchun.He completed the painting of this piece of work by the age of 79, and he passed away shortly after he completed painting this picture.For hundreds of years, this painting changed hands a lot of times.But I know that now half of this painting is kept in the museum in Hangzhou and the other half is in the museum in Taiwan.I hope that one day soon the two pieces of the painting can be whole again, and I cherish the same wish not only for the painting but also for people on both sides of the Straits.Thank you.Please conveymy greetings to the people in Taiwan.《人民日報》記者：總理您好，我是人民日報，人民網(wǎng)的記者。我的問題是這樣的，剛才總 理在回答問題的時候提到了，國家與國家之間應(yīng)實行自由貿(mào)易，我們也知道當(dāng)前中國已經(jīng)成 為世界第一出口大國。我們也留意到，近期一段時間以來，針對中國的貿(mào)易保護主義措施明 顯增多，尤其是中國和美國之間的貿(mào)易摩擦日漸增多起來。有評論指出，貿(mào)易保護主義對當(dāng) 前的世界經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇產(chǎn)生了較大的影響。我想請問總理，我們中國政府如何看待這一問題？謝 謝。

People's Daily:I'm with People's Daily and its associated website.Just now you said China stands for free trade.We know that China has becomethe biggest exporter in the world.However, in the past weeks and months, there have been rising protectionist measures againstChina.And we have seen increasing trade frictions between China and the United States.Some say that trade protectionism has affected, in a serious way, recovery in the global economy.I wonder what is the view of the Chinese government on this issue? Thank you.溫家寶：我是自由貿(mào)易的堅定支持者。我方才已經(jīng)講了，自由貿(mào)易不僅會促進世界經(jīng)濟的發(fā) 展，而且會促進世界的和諧，還能改善和提高人們的生活。我對有些國家要提高出口的比重 予以理解，但是我所不解的是，他們?yōu)榱颂岣弑緡某隹诙H低本國的幣值，反過來又企圖 用施壓的辦法來強迫別國的貨幣升值。我以為這種做法是一種貿(mào)易保護主義的做法。Premier: I am a staunch supporter of free trade.As I said, I believe free trade can not only promote the growth of the world economy.It will also promote harmony in the world and at the same time it can also change and improve people's livelihood.I understand that some countries want to increase their exports.But what I don't understand is the practice of depreciating one's owncurrency and attempting to press other countries to appreciate their own currencies just for the sole purpose of increasing one's own exports.Because in my view, this practice is a protectionism practice.隨著國際金融危機的蔓延和加深，貿(mào)易保護主義不是減輕了，而是加重了，這應(yīng)該引起全世 界各國的警覺。我們將采取措施，擴大進口。去年在最困難的時候，我們向歐美派出多批采 購團。我們還要努力實現(xiàn)國際收支基本平衡。我相信，自由貿(mào)易會給應(yīng)對危機、經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇帶 來有力的推動力量。

When the financial crisis was spreading far and wide, trade protectionism did not dissipated, rather, it has got worse.All countries should be fully alarmed by such a development.We will continue to take measures to increase our imports.Last year, when the circumstances were very difficult, we sent several procurement missions to European countries and the United States.We willcontinue to make every effort to promote basic equilibrium in our balance of international payments.I believe that free trade will give a strong impetus to the international response to the financial crisis and to the recovery in the global economy.當(dāng)前，最重要的是要推進多哈回合的談判，使多哈回合談判能夠在公正、平衡的前提下，建 立一個合理的貿(mào)易秩序。What's most important now is to advance the Doha Round negotiation process.And we must make joint efforts for the establishmentof a fair international trading order by giving a reasonable and balanced conclusion to the Doha Round negotiations.我真誠希望美歐承認(rèn)中國的市場經(jīng)濟地位，并且放開高科技產(chǎn)品對中國的出口(限制)，這有 利于貿(mào)易的平衡。在這里我愿意給記者們介紹一個你們不甚熟悉的情況，那就是中國的貿(mào)易 總量雖然很大，但 50%是加工貿(mào)易，60%是外企或與外資合作企業(yè)的出口貿(mào)易。如果說(有 的國家)對中國采取限制措施，也無異于打擊了你們本國的企業(yè)。謝謝你。

I sincerely hope that Europe and the United States will recognize China's market economy status and lift restrictions on the exports on high-technology commodities to China, because that will help promote trade balance in the world.Here let me tell you one thing about which you may not be very familiar.It is true that China has a very big size of trade.But 50% of the trade is processing trade.And 60% of China's exports are made by foreign funded businesses or made through cooperation between Chinese companies and the foreign businesses.Therefore, to restrict trade with China is tantamount to causing difficulty for the businesses of your own countries.Thank you.DPA: With DPA Press Agency.With great power comes great responsibility.And so with China's rise, the world is increasingly looking for leadership from China to solve global challenges or economic and security or political problems.So, I know there is a lotof debate in your government about this.Is China capable and also willing to play a greater role on the world stage? Thank you.德新社記者：您好，我是德新社的記者。大國也應(yīng)該承擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任。中國現(xiàn)在正在崛起，國際社會期待中國在應(yīng)對全球挑戰(zhàn)以及政治、安全、經(jīng)濟等領(lǐng)域的問題上發(fā)揮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用。我 們了解，在中國政府內(nèi)部也在就該問題進行著積極的討論。我想了解，中國是否有這個能力 以及意愿在國際舞臺發(fā)揮更大的作用？ 溫家寶：你的問題問得還是比較平和的。實際上現(xiàn)在在輿論上，已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了“中國傲慢論”、“中國強硬論”、“中國必勝論” 的觀點。你給了我一個機會闡述一下我們是如何看待自己的。

Premier: I see that you have put your question in a quite mild way.But I know that there have been a lot of debate about this issue Some say that China has got more arrogant and tough.And some have put forward the so-called theory of China's triumphalism.You have given me an opportunity to explain to the audience how China sees itself.第一，中國這些年經(jīng)濟雖然發(fā)展很快，但是由于城鄉(xiāng)不平衡、地區(qū)不平衡，再加上人口多、底子薄，我們確實還處于發(fā)展的初級階段。

First, it is true that China has made remarkable progress in its economic development in recent years.But China is still a country with a big population, weak economic foundation and uneven regional and urban-rural development.China is still at the primary stage of development.前不久，為了征求群眾對政府工作報告的意見，我到離北京只有 150 公里的灤平縣。我看到 那里的群眾雖然這些年來生產(chǎn)生活條件有所改變，但依然與北京有很大的差距。這個村子我 已經(jīng)去了三次，分別是 2000 年、2005 年和 2010 年。

Not long ago, in order to solicit public opinions on the report on the work of the government, I paid a visit to the county of Luanping, which is located 150 kilometers away from Beijing municipality.In spite of some improvement in the working and living conditions of people there, I still see a big gap between the living standards of people in that county and in Beijing.I have visited the Luanping County three times – in 2000, 2005 and 2010.我經(jīng)常勸記者多到中國的農(nóng)村和中西部地區(qū)看看，你到那里看看就知道上海和北京的發(fā)展不 能代表整個中國。我們要實現(xiàn)小康目標(biāo)還需要做出艱苦的努力； 要建成一個中等發(fā)達的國家，至少要到本世紀(jì)中期；要真正實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化，還要上百年的時間以至更長。

I have often encouraged journalists to visit China's vast rural areas and China's central and western regions.Because I believeif you visit those places, you will understand for yourself that the development in Shanghai and Beijing can in no way represent the entire situation in China.We still need to make strenuous efforts if we are to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects.And we will have to work very hard by the middle of this century if we are to develop China into a developed country at a medium level.And it will still take 100 years and even longer for us to make China a modernized country.第二，中國堅持走和平發(fā)展的道路。中國的發(fā)展不會影響任何國家，中國不發(fā)達的時候不稱 霸，中國即使發(fā)達了，也不稱霸，永遠不稱霸！

Second, China is firmly committed to peaceful development.China's development will not affect any country.China has not soughthegemonsim when it is not a developed country, and China will not seek hegemony even when it becomes a developed country.In a word, China will never seek hegemony.第三，在涉及中國主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整的重大問題上，即使是中國很窮的時候，我們也是錚錚鐵 骨。Third, China has been steadfast in upholding its sovereignty and territorial integrity, even when it was a very poor country.第四，中國是個負(fù)責(zé)任的國家，中國主張并積極參與國際合作，解決當(dāng)前國際經(jīng)濟和政治的 重大問題。中國對不發(fā)達國家實行的援助是不附加任何條件的。

Fourth, China is a responsible country.China has called for and taken an active part in international cooperation in addressingthe major economic and political issues in our world.We have provided assistance with no strings attached to the underdeveloped countries.這四點就是我們中國對外政策的基本立場。謝謝你。

These four points together consist the basic position of China in conducting the foreign policy.Thank you.香港《星島日報》記者：總理您好，我是香港星島日報的記者。香港的經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)在正在從國際 金融危機的低谷中走出來。您去年曾說過要更好地解決香港的一些深層次問題。您可否詳細(xì) 跟我們說一下這些矛盾是什么？對我們解決這些矛盾有什么建議？國家正在編訂第十二個 五年規(guī)劃，能否談?wù)勏愀墼谶@個規(guī)劃中將扮演怎樣的角色？另外，總理這幾年非常忙碌，很 多人都很關(guān)心您的身體健康，能說說您是如何一直保持旺盛工作精力的嗎？謝謝。Sing Tao Daily of Hong Kong: I'm with Sing Tao Daily of Hong Kong.The economy in Hong Kong is gradually recovering from the international financial crisis.You once remarked that greater efforts should be made to address the underlying problems in the economic development in Hong Kong.I wonder what are those underlying problems and what advice can you offer in addressing these problems and challenges.Secondly, the central government is formulating the 12th five-year plan for China's economic and social development.I wonder what role will Hong Kong play in the 12th five-year plan? Last question, you have been very busy over the years and many people have expressed concern for your health.I wonder how do you keep strong vigor and vitality in your work?

溫家寶：我以為香港在經(jīng)濟上面臨的深層次問題：第一，如何發(fā)揮已有的優(yōu)勢，繼續(xù)保持和 發(fā)展香港的國際金融中心、航運中心和貿(mào)易中心的地位。Premier: Talking about the underlying challenges and problems in Hong Kong's economic development, I believe,first, it is important to give further play to Hong Kong's advantages and strengths and maintain and further develop the status of Hong Kong as an international financial, shipping and trade center.第二，如何結(jié)合香港的特點發(fā)展優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè)，特別是服務(wù)業(yè)。Second, it is important to develop industries with Hong Kong's comparative advantage, in particular the service sector, in keeping with Hong Kong's characteristics.第三，要利用香港毗鄰內(nèi)地的優(yōu)勢，進一步加強香港與珠三角的聯(lián)系。內(nèi)地的廣闊市場、內(nèi) 地經(jīng)濟的迅速發(fā)展是香港今后發(fā)展的潛力所在。Third, I believe t is important to make the most of the geographic advantage of Hong Kong of being located close to the mainland.It is important to further strengthen the ties between Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta on the mainland.And I believe the vast market and rapid economic development on China's mainland will be a strong source of potential for Hong Kong's future development.第四，香港人民要包容共濟、凝聚共識、團結(jié)一致，保持香港的繁榮穩(wěn)定。香港今后不僅會 在經(jīng)濟上還有很大的發(fā)展，而且還會按照基本法的規(guī)定循序漸進地發(fā)展民主政治。Fourth, I believe people in Hong Kong should be inclusive, stick together in tackling different challenges.And it is important for Hong Kong compatriots to build consensus and stay united in a joint effort to maintain prosperity and stability in Hong Kong.I believe Hong Kong will not only enjoy much development on the economic front in the future.It will alsomake gradual progress in promoting democracy in Hong Kong in accordance with the Basic Law.第五，還有兩點不要忽視，一是注重改善民生；二是發(fā)展教育。至于中國的“十二五”規(guī)劃 主要是編制全國的規(guī)劃，當(dāng)然我們在編制規(guī)劃過程中會考慮香港與內(nèi)地的緊密經(jīng)濟聯(lián)系，特 別是與“珠三角”地區(qū)的聯(lián)系。我們編制規(guī)劃會充分征求香港各界的意見。Fifth, we must not overlook the following two things.First, we should make every effort to improve people's livelihood, and second, we should further develop education.Talking about the 12th five-year plan, it is a plan that is about the whole nation's economic and social development.We will certainly takeinto full account the close economic ties between Hong Kong and the mainland, particularly between Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta region.And the people from various sectors of society in Hong Kong will be fully consulted in the process of formulating the 12th five-year plan.至于我的身體，大家會看到，我還是有著充沛精力的。雖然我是一個基本沒有節(jié)假日的人，但我還是喜歡鍛煉的，無論是散步還是游泳，都使自己的身心能夠放松，以保持旺盛的精力 來對付繁重的工作。As regards my health condition, I am sure you will see that I still have full energy.I am not a person who has luxury of many holidays or weekends, but I still like taking a stroll or swimming sometimes to relax myself in the midst of busy schedule every day and to keep myself always full of energy and vitality.It helps me relax and gives me vigor and vitality in the face of a heavy work schedule.謝謝你，向香港同胞問好。Thank you.Please convey my greetings to Hong Kong compatriots.美國《華爾街日報》記者：溫總理您好，我是華爾街日報記者 Andy Brown.我的問題是這 樣的，最近有一些外國企業(yè)抱怨說目前中國的外商投資環(huán)境不如以前這么友好，最近谷歌表 示要退出中國市場，去年中國逮捕力拓公司 4 名員工也引起了擔(dān)憂。那么總理，您對這兩個 事件有什么看法呢？將來中國會采取什么樣的措施來讓外國企業(yè)放心？ Wall Street Journal: I'm with Wall Street Journal.We have heard some complaints from foreign businesses operating in China that theforeign investment environment in Chinais not as good as it was before.Recently, Google has threatened to pull out of the Chinese market, and last year four employeesof Rio Tinto were arrested.That has been a source of concern for foreign businesses.I wonder what is the perspective of the Chinese government on these issues and what steps will the Chinese government take to make foreign businesses feel reassured about doing business in China.溫家寶：其實你說的情況和每年大量的外資進入中國并不完全符合。但是，我還是愿意回答 你的問題。中國將堅定不移地實行對外開放的方針，歡迎外國企業(yè)到中國依法經(jīng)營。我們不 僅要大力引進外資，還要特別重視引進外國的技術(shù)、管理方法。我希望外國的研發(fā)機構(gòu)更多 地建立在中國，這樣可以提高外資使用的效益和質(zhì)量。Premier: I don't think the situation that you described in your question accords with the fact, that there has been a large inflow of foreign capital into China every year.But I am still ready to answer your question.China will unswervingly pursue the policy of opening up to the outside world.Foreign businesses are welcome to come to China to establish businesses according to the law.We will vigorously bring in foreign capital and at the same time we will give high priority to bringing in advanced foreign technologies and managerial expertise.We hope that foreign companies will build more R&D centers in China so that we will beable to raise the quality and efficiency in using foreign capital.我們要從法律上為國外公司在中國的經(jīng)營創(chuàng)造一個公平的環(huán)境，而且使跨國公司能夠享受同 中國企業(yè)一樣的國民待遇。比如，在應(yīng)對金融危機當(dāng)中，我們實行了許多刺激經(jīng)濟的政策，家電下鄉(xiāng)、汽車以舊換新，我們都采取公開招標(biāo)的辦法。參加招標(biāo)的既有國內(nèi)企業(yè)，也有國 外企業(yè)，也有臺商和港商。We will put in place institutional arrangements to level the playing ground for foreign businesses doing operations in China.And we will also ensure that foreign businesses operating in China will enjoy national treatment as the local businesses.For example, we have introduced a series of stimulus measures to tackle the financial crisis.These measures include the program of subsidizing the sales of home appliances in China's rural areas and the trade-in of second-hand automobiles with new ones in China'srural areas.And in implementing these programs, we have conducted public tendering.And these public tendering has been participated by both companies from the mainland, and from Hong Kong and Taiwan as well as foreign business.如果說有什么缺點的話，那就是我同外商的接觸還不夠緊密。在我今后三年的工作當(dāng)中，力 求能多增加一些同外商接觸的機會，使你們更好地了解中國的政策，同時我也愿意聽取你們 對中國吸引外資的意見。謝謝你。

If there is anything that we are falling short of, I would like to say that I am still not in very close touch with foreign businessmen doing business in China.So in the next three years in my work, I will create more opportunities for me to have more interaction with the foreign businessmen in China so that I can help you better understand the policies of the Chinese government, and I will also have the opportunity to listen to your views about how we can make the most of the foreign investment in China.Thank you.中央電視臺記者：謝謝，我是中央電視臺和中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)電視的記者。想問總理一個關(guān)于宏觀經(jīng) 濟政策走向的問題。根據(jù)官方的數(shù)字，去年新增的貸款投放量是 9.6 萬億，全社會的固定資 產(chǎn)投資增長 30%，部分大城市的房價居高不下。因此有人擔(dān)心出現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟泡沫。請問總理，您有這個擔(dān)心嗎？在考慮通脹預(yù)期的前提下，我們應(yīng)對國際金融危機采取的一系列經(jīng)濟刺激 政策有退出或者部分退出的可能性嗎？ CCTV: I'm with CCTV and its associated website.My questions are related to China'smacroeconomic policy.According to the official statistics, loan increases by RMB9.6 trillion yuan last year, investment in fixed assets rose by 30%and housing prices in some big cities have been hovering at a very high level.Some are concerned that all these will mean bubbles in the Chinese economy.I wonder if you have that kind of concern for the Chinese economy.And in response to the inflation expectations, I wonder whether it is possible for the Chinese government to contemplate exiting or exiting in part the stimulus measures? 溫家寶：你提到一個讓我感到非常擔(dān)心的問題。我曾經(jīng)講過，如果發(fā)生通貨膨脹，再加上收 入分配不公，以及貪污腐敗，足以影響社會的穩(wěn)定，甚至政權(quán)的鞏固。Premier: You have asked a question that is indeed a cause of concern for me too.I once said if there is inflation, plus unfair income distribution and corruption, they will be strong enough to affect our social stability and even affect the stability of state power.處理好經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)和管好通脹預(yù)期這三者的關(guān)系，是一件非常困難的事情。方才我 說我們可以走出一條光明的路，但是這是很難實現(xiàn)的，而且必須實現(xiàn)。It will be an extremely difficult task for us to promote steady and fast economic growth, adjust our economic structure and manage inflation expectations all at the same time.But as I said before, it is imperative for us to accomplish the three tasks and ensure a bright future, but I should say it will be very difficult to accomplish the task, but it is a must-do task for us.我們必須注意三點：第一，貨幣政策。貨幣政策就是要保持流動性合理充裕，保持利率的合 理水平，同時管理好通脹預(yù)期，處理好這三個問題是貨幣政策的精髓。It is important that we give full consideration to the following three things.First, with regard to the monetary policy, it is important for us to maintain appropriate and sufficient money supply, keep our interest rate at a reasonable level and manage inflation expectations.If we can do these three tasks well, we will be able to have a good grasp of the essence of the monetary policy.第二，高度重視農(nóng)業(yè)，千方百計使今年農(nóng)業(yè)有一個好收成。農(nóng)業(yè)不僅是整個經(jīng)濟的命脈，而 且就今年來講，關(guān)系經(jīng)濟的平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，關(guān)系是否能夠管好通脹預(yù)期。從這個意義上講，農(nóng)業(yè)的好壞起著決定性作用。Second, we must give high priority to agricultural development.We should do everything in our power to ensure another bumper harvest in our agriculture this year.Agriculture is the lifeline of the entire economy and good agricultural development is essential in whether we will be able to succeed in maintaining fast yet steady economic growth and managing inflation expectations this year.In this sense, agriculture is the decisive factor.第三，我們必須保持政策的連續(xù)性和穩(wěn)定性，也就是說要繼續(xù)實行積極的財政政策和適度寬 松的貨幣政策，以鞏固來之不易的經(jīng)濟企穩(wěn)回升的大好形勢。如果經(jīng)濟再出現(xiàn)反復(fù)的話，那 么帶來的損失就太大了。但同時，我們要根據(jù)形勢的變化增強政策的針對性和靈活性，把握 好政策的方向、力度和效果。Third, we will maintain the continuity and stability of our policies.We will continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and moderately easy monetary policy so as to consolidate the hard-won good momentum in the stabilization and turnaround of the Chinese economy.Should we encounter setback in our efforts towards this end, much is at stake ,and the cost will be too high.As the circumstances change, we will make every effort to make our policies more flexible and better targeted.At the same time, we will also maintain appropriate focus ,intensity and pace of our macro-control measures.我們必須密切關(guān)注今年國內(nèi)外經(jīng)濟形勢的走向，因時而動，就是說“時進則進，時退則退，動靜不失其時”。這需要十分謹(jǐn)慎和靈活。我相信明年的記者招待會我還是滿面笑容地來對 待你。謝謝你們。We must watch very closely the developments and trends in our domestic economy and in the global economy this year.Timing is essential in deciding when one should act and when one should stay put.We must practice utmost prudence and also exercise flexibility in our efforts.I have the confidence that there will still be smile on my face when I face you at the press conference next year.Thank you.路透社記者：路透社的。一年前您在這里說過，有點擔(dān)心中國在美國的資產(chǎn)安全，請問您今 天是一樣的擔(dān)心？更擔(dān)心？比較放心？還是有信心？另外，您剛剛講到中國內(nèi)部的一些擔(dān) 心，如果允許我繼續(xù)問一個關(guān)于“心”的問題的話，請問外部的話，國際上您最大的擔(dān)心是 什么？ Reuters: With Reuters.A year ago, at the press conference, you said you were a bit worried about China's assets in the United States.A year has passed.I wonder are you more or less worried about China's assets in the United States or have you become confident in the Chinese assets in the United States? Secondly, I would like to ask your view about thebiggest source of concernand worry for China on the external front?

溫家寶：大家都知道，我們有巨額的外匯儲備，我們一定要把這筆巨大的金融資產(chǎn)用好和保 護好。因此，我們對外匯儲備的要求首先是安全，其次是流動，第三是保值增值。我們在國 際上之所以購買一些國家的債券，都是為了通過多元化的經(jīng)營達到我所說的目的。Premier: As is known to all that China has massive foreign exchange reserves.We must protect and make the best of this large amount of assets.In running foreign exchange reserves, we follow the principle of ensuring their safety, liquidity, good value and value increase of our foreign exchange reserves.We have been buying the treasury bonds of some countries on the internationalmarkets.The purpose of doing so is to introduce an appropriate level of diversity into our foreign exchange holdings to serve the purpose that I just mentioned.美國作為國際貨幣的主要發(fā)行國，幣值的不穩(wěn)定引起我們很大的憂慮。我去年說過我擔(dān)心，今年我還要說我擔(dān)心。因為國家的金融資產(chǎn)不容得有一點的閃失。在這里，我還要強調(diào)另外 一面，美國國債是以美國國家信譽做擔(dān)保的，我希望美國以實際行動讓投資者放心。這不僅 對投資方有利，對美國也有利。The United States is an issuing country of a major reserve currency.Any fluctuation of the value in the US currency is a big cause for concern for us.If I said I was a bit concerned about Chinese assets in the United States at the press conference last year, I still want to make the same remark at the press conference this year.We cannot afford any mistake, how slight it is, when it comes to running our financial assets.Here, I would like to stress that the US treasury bonds are guaranteed by the national credibility of the United States.I hope that the United States will take concrete steps to reassure the investors.It is notonly in the interest of the investors but also the United States itself.你還有一個問題，就是對國際形勢的擔(dān)心。對國外的擔(dān)心，最主要還是在安全和穩(wěn)定上。我 們正在集中精力進行建設(shè)，需要一個良好的外部條件，需要一個和平和安全的環(huán)境。世界經(jīng) 濟的不確定性，也會對中國經(jīng)濟帶來影響，這些我已經(jīng)講過了?？傊?，我們愿與世界各國一 道，為建立一個公正合理的國際政治和經(jīng)濟新秩序而努力。You also asked a question about what is the biggest source for concern for China as far as the environment beyond China's borders is concerned.I would like to say that it is about whether there will be stability and security in the external environment.As you know, that China is concentrating on promoting development at home.And in this process, it is important for us to have asound external environment a peaceful and secure international environment.As I already mentioned, uncertainties in the globaleconomy will also affect the Chinese economy.In a word, China is ready to work with other countries in the world in building afair and equitable new international political and economic order.AFP: Thank you, Mr Premier.I'm with AFP.My question also relates tothe relationship with the United States.Your Foreign Minister said a couple of weeks ago that the U.S.has to take credible steps in order to get the relationship back on track.I am wondering can you tell us what those steps are specifically.Are you still waiting for them, or are you willingto move ahead past this recent rough patch in the interest of your overall relationship?

法新社記者：您好，我是法新社的記者。我想問一個有關(guān)中美關(guān)系的問題。大概一周以前，中國外長表示美方應(yīng)切實行動，使中美關(guān)系回到正常發(fā)展的軌道。我想問的是，中方認(rèn)為美 方應(yīng)采取什么具體的措施才能使中美關(guān)系重新回到正常發(fā)展軌道？中方現(xiàn)在還在等待美方 采取這些具體步驟嗎？還是說中方愿意以中美關(guān)系的大局為重，不再糾纏和計較現(xiàn)在中美關(guān) 系中出現(xiàn)的問題？ 溫家寶：中美關(guān)系是我們最重要的外交關(guān)系，它不僅關(guān)系兩國和兩國人民的根本利益，在一 定意義上也超出了兩國的范圍。不畏浮云遮望眼，自緣身在最高層。我們應(yīng)該從這樣的高度 來把握兩國關(guān)系。Premier: For China, its relationship with United States are the most important bilateral relationship.This relationship not only concerns the fundamental interests of the two countries and the two peoples.In a sense, China-US relationship has already gone beyond a bilateral scope.As a Chinese poem reads, “We have no fear of the clouds that may block our sight, as we are already at the top of the height”.It is from such a prospective that we should manage China-US relationship.奧巴馬總統(tǒng)入主白宮以后，中美關(guān)系有個良好的開端。但是最近一段時期，美方在**喇嘛 訪美和對臺軍售等問題上觸犯了中國的主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整，使中美關(guān)系受到嚴(yán)重的干擾，這個 責(zé)任不在中國，而在美方。中美三個聯(lián)合公報是中美關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)，我們希望美方能夠正視問 題，以實際行動回到三個公報的基礎(chǔ)上來，使中美關(guān)系得以恢復(fù)和改善。China-US relations got off to a good start after President Obama took office.However, in the past weeks and months, the U.S.allowed the Dalai Lama to visit the U.S.and sold arms to Taiwan.These moves have violated China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and caused serious disturbances to China-US relationship.The responsibility does not lie with the Chinese side but theUS.The three joint communiqués between China and the United States form the foundation of this bilateral relationship.We hope the United States will face the issues squarely and take concrete steps to come back to the foundation of the three joint communiqués between China and the United States so as to restore and improve China-US relations.我曾經(jīng)講過，中美建交 30 年的歷史告訴我們，和則兩利、斗則俱傷，互信則進、猜忌則退。對話比對抗好，合作比遏制好，伙伴比對手好。我們應(yīng)該從這樣的角度來努力促進中美關(guān)系 的發(fā)展。I once remarked that what has happened in the past 30 years since China and the United States established diplomatic relations has shown that a peaceful China-US relationship makes both countries winners while a confrontational one both losers.With mutualtrust, the two countries can both forge ahead;yet with suspicions, we will both fall behind.It is always better to have dialogue than confrontation, cooperation than containment, and a partner than a rival.This is the right approach that we should adopt in pushing forward China-US relations.中央人民廣播電臺記者： 總理您好，我是中央人民廣播電臺的記者，也是中國廣播網(wǎng)的記者。國際社會十分關(guān)注全球經(jīng)濟失衡的問題，要求德國、日本和中國這些主要出口國家減少對出 口的依賴，來實現(xiàn)世界經(jīng)濟的再平衡。請問您對此有什么看法？謝謝。CNR: I'm with China National Radio and its associated website.There has been a keen international interest in addressingthe imbalances in the global economy, and there has been a strong call for major exporting countries such as Germany, Japan and China to reduce their dependence on exports in order to rebalance the global economy.I would like to get your perspective on this issue.溫家寶：我認(rèn)為世界經(jīng)濟的失衡，不能把眼睛只盯在中國的貿(mào)易上。世界經(jīng)濟失衡，主要是 反映在一些主要經(jīng)濟體消費與儲蓄的失衡，一些金融機構(gòu)只顧自身利益，過度擴張而造成金 融的不穩(wěn)定。如果從深層次講，世界上最大的失衡是發(fā)展的不平衡。在這次金融危機當(dāng)中，受害最大的是發(fā)展中國家。Premier: When one views the imbalances in the international economy, I don't think it will be fair for one to fix his eyes on China's exports.I would like to explain the major manifestations of imbalances in the global economy.They include the imbalance between consumption and saving on part of the major economies.The fact that some financial institutions have been blindly pursuing their own profits which have caused the instability in the financial sector.If we take this issue to a deeper level, we would come to recognize that the biggest imbalance in our world economy is the imbalance in development.And the developing countries have been hit the hardest in the international financial crisis.至于貿(mào)易，我已經(jīng)講過了，我們將采取措施，進一步擴大進口。同時，我們也希望發(fā)達國家 能夠放開對中國高科技產(chǎn)品的出口。解決世界經(jīng)濟失衡問題，需要各國協(xié)調(diào)一致。特別是在 宏觀政策上，如何保持和穩(wěn)定經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇的大好形勢，同時，對金融進行進一步的改革。謝謝。As for trade, as I already mentioned, we will take steps to import more.At the same time, we hope that developed countries willease their restrictions on exports of high-tech goods to China.To address imbalances in the global economy, it is important for all countries to act in a coordinated way.In particular, countries should better coordinate their macroeconomic policies in order to preserve and stabilize the good momentum in the recovery of the world economy.And at the same time, further steps should be taken to reform the international financial system.Thank you.新加坡《聯(lián)合早報》記者：謝謝，溫總理，您好。新加坡聯(lián)合早報。我第一個問題也是跟外 交有關(guān)系，但是我們想從民意的角度來問。隨著中國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，我們看到國內(nèi)很多老百姓 對于國家實力的自我感覺、社會氛圍可能出現(xiàn)了一些變化，就是有的時候在媒體上會看到一 些民眾說我們中國強大了、現(xiàn)在要在國際上揚眉吐氣，有一些民眾的反應(yīng)可能也比較極端一 些。我們想請問這個民意對于中國政府的對外政策有多大影響力？作為最后一個提問者，請 允許我問一個今天早上一直沒怎么談到的問題，就是民生問題。政府工作報告里說要分好社 會財富這塊“蛋糕”，促進社會公正 32 和諧，讓人民更幸福、更有尊嚴(yán)地活著。但是我看到 社會上也有一些現(xiàn)象，還有很多這樣那樣的不公，比如收入分配不公，農(nóng)民工融入城市也存 在很多困難。作為總理，您如何指導(dǎo)政府促進社會公平正義？保障中國人民過更幸福、更美 好、更有尊嚴(yán)的生活？

Lianhe Zaobao: I'm with Lianhe Zaobao of Singapore.My first question is related toChina's foreign policy, but let me ask this question from the perspective of public opinions role in China's foreign policy.With rapid economic development in recent years, we have also seen some changed perceptions on the part of the Chinese public about China's national strength.And in some media reports, we have heard some Chinese people say that China has become much stronger now and we the Chinese should walk with our head held high on the world stage.And we have even heard some quite extreme responses from the Chinese public.I wonder to what extent will public opinion affect China's foreign policy.My second question is related to the people'swellbeing, a topic that has not been touched much in our press conference today.In your report on the work of the government, you said it is important for the government to distribute the “cake” of social wealth in a fair way and it is important for us to promote social equity and justice.The government will also make every effort to enable the Chinese people to live a happier life with more dignity.But at the same time, we have also heard complaints from the Chinese people saying there is still much inequality in the Chinese society such as unfair income distribution and difficulty of rural migrant workers in blending into the fabric of urban society.I would like to ask that as the Premier of China, what measures will you take to promote social equity and justice and enablethe Chinese people to live a happier life with more dignity.溫家寶：近代以來，中國人民遭受的苦難太深重了。因此，我們對于國家的獨立、主權(quán)和領(lǐng) 土完整懷有強烈的感情。我們的外交政策基本出發(fā)點是要維護國家的利益，最重要的就是主 權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整。當(dāng)然，我們的對外方針還要統(tǒng)籌考慮國內(nèi)和國際兩個大局。中華民族又是一 個重友誼、守信用、有尊嚴(yán)的民族，平等對待對我們友好的民族也是我們最重要的出發(fā)點。因此，世界的文化是多樣的，國家的社會制度也是不同的，但是我們認(rèn)為這都不妨礙不同的 國家、不同的民族之間相互尊重、平等相待、互相學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒。在這方面，我曾經(jīng)在新加坡 講過，開放包容，國家才能富強。如果說民意，那么這兩個方面都是我們應(yīng)該尊重的。Premier: The Chinese people had suffered too much in modern times.That is why the Chinese people feel very strongly about China's independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity.In formulating and carrying out our foreign policy, our fundamental objective is to uphold China's national interests, China's sovereignty and territorial integrity in particular.We also take into full account both the domestic and international situations in carrying out our foreign policy.The Chinese nation is a nation with dignity that values friendship and credibility.It is an important task of our foreign policy to treat other countries who arefriendly towards China on an equal basis.There is much diversity in cultures in the world, and countries also have different social systems, but we don't think these differences should impede efforts of countries and nations to embrace mutual respect, treat each other as equals and learn from each other.As I said in my speech in Singapore, I believe only a nation that is open and inclusive can prosper.These are important aspects that we take into account as far as how the public opinion may affect China's foreign policy.我們國家的發(fā)展不僅是要搞好經(jīng)濟建設(shè)，而且要推進社會的公平正義，促進人的全面和自由 的發(fā)展，這三者都不可偏廢。集中精力發(fā)展生產(chǎn)，其根本目的是滿足人們?nèi)找嬖鲩L的物質(zhì)文 化需求。而社會公平正義，是社會穩(wěn)定的基礎(chǔ)。我認(rèn)為，公平正義比太陽還要有光輝。In pursuing development, we will not only accomplish all our tasks set out in the economic sector, it is also important for us to promote social equity and justice and promote the all-round development for our people in a free environment.We should give equal importance to all these three above mentioned tasks.We concentrate our energy and efforts on economic development to servethe fundamental purpose of satisfying the increasing material and cultural needs of our people.At the same time, I believe social equity and justice form the basis of social stability.And social equity and justice can shine even brighter than the sun.勿庸諱言，現(xiàn)在，社會上還存在許多不公平的現(xiàn)象，收入分配不公、司法不公，這些都應(yīng)該 引起我們的重視。我曾經(jīng)講過，一個正確（真正）的經(jīng)濟學(xué)同高尚的倫理學(xué)是不可分離的。也就是說，我們的經(jīng)濟工作和社會發(fā)展都要更多地關(guān)注窮人，關(guān)注弱勢群體，因為他們在社 會中還占大多數(shù)。There is no denying that we still face some unfair or unequal problems in our development, including in the fields of income distribution and judicial system.All these issues merit our close attention.I once said that the right theory of economics and high ethical standards are indivisible.In pursuing economic and social development, we should always give high priority and pay very close attention to the poor people and disadvantaged groups in our society, because those people still account for the majority of the population.我們要推進經(jīng)濟體制改革、政治體制改革以及其他各方面的改革，其根本目的就是要促進生 產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展，實現(xiàn)社會的公平正義。同時，能使每個人也有自由和全面發(fā)展的機遇。中國的 現(xiàn)代化絕不僅僅指經(jīng)濟的發(fā)達，它還應(yīng)該包括社會的公平、正義和道德的力量。在我在任的 最后幾年，我將為這件事情盡最大的努力。我相信，我們以后的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會更加關(guān)注這個問題。We will press ahead with economic restructuring, political restructuring and various reforms in other aspects.The fundamental purpose of all our reform endeavors is to promote our productivity and promote social equity and justice.And we should also workto ensure that all individuals will have the opportunity to achieve all-round development in a free environment.China's modernization drive is not only about achieving economic prosperity.More importantly, it also includes our endeavors to promote social equity and justice and enhance our moral strength.In the remaining years of my term, I will exert my utmost efforts to accomplish this task.And I have confidencethat future Chinese leaders will pay also very close attention to this issue.這次會見在人民大會堂三樓金色大廳舉行，歷時近2 小時 20 分鐘。會見結(jié)束時，溫家寶來 到記者席前，同在場的中外記者親切握手致意。1000 多名中外記者參加記者會。The press conference, which lasted for nearly two hours and twenty minutes, was held at the Golden Hall on the third floor of the Great Hall of the People.Upon its conclusion, Premier Wen walked to the audience to shake hands and exchange greetings with the Chinese and foreign journalists.Over 1,000 Chinese and foreign journalists attended the press conference.

第二篇：溫總理兩會答記者問經(jīng)典語錄

溫總理答記者問經(jīng)典語錄

一、2010年溫家寶總理答中外記者

我們應(yīng)該記住這樣一條古訓(xùn)：行百里者半九十。We should always remember this important thing, that is half of the people who have embarked on a one hundred mile journey may fall by the wayside.同時我們要堅定信心，華山再高，頂有過路。We must reinforce our confidence no matter how high the mountain is, one can always ascend to its top.我深深愛著我的國家，沒有一片土地讓我這樣深情和激動，沒有一條河流讓我這樣沉思和起伏。亦余心之所向兮，雖九死其尤未悔。我將以此明志，做好今后三年的工作。I have deep love for this country.I love every inch of its land.I love every river that flows on this piece of earth with deep passion and deep affection.For the ideal that I hold dear to my heart, I will not regret a thousand depth to die.With this strong commitment, I will continue to devote myself to my work in the next three years.中國有一句古語，人或加訕，心無疵兮。（總理回應(yīng)記者“為何中國缺席哥本哈根某次重要會議”的提問）As a Chinese proverb goes: My conscience stays untainted inspite of rumors and slanders from the outside.我知道商簽協(xié)議是一個復(fù)雜的過程，但是正因為我們是兄弟，兄弟雖有小忿，不廢懿親，問題總會可以解決的。（總理答臺灣記者問）I understand the negotiation may be a complex process, but differences between brothers cannot sever their blood ties, and I believe that problems will eventually be solved.二、2009年溫家寶總理答中外記者

面對經(jīng)濟危機：“莫道今年春將盡，明年春色倍還人”。Do not regret that spring is departing.Come next year as it will be twice as enchanting.“乞火不若取燧，寄汲不若鑿井?！盬e would better fetch a flint than beg for light；we would better dig a well ourselves than beg for water from others.中國經(jīng)濟的復(fù)蘇：“山重水復(fù)疑無路，柳暗花明又一村”。After encountering all kinds of difficulties and experiencing all kinds of hardships, at the end of the day we will see light at the end of tunnel.三、2008年溫家寶總理答中外記者

“天變不足畏，祖宗不足法，人言不足恤?！保箵粞?zāi)：溫總理引用了王安石的名言）One should not fear changes under the heaven and one should not blindly follow old conventions and one should not be deterred by complaints of others.民之所憂，我之所思；民之所思，我之所行。What people are concerned about preoccupies my mind, and what preoccupies people’s mind is what I need to address.臺灣問題：溫總理引用了南宋詩人鄭思肖的詩句“一心中國夢，萬古下泉詩?！盬e have always longed to see a reunified China, as this is reflected in the old ode Xiaquan shared by all our people in this country.以及魯迅的詩句“度盡劫波兄弟在，相逢一笑泯恩仇。”We remain brothers after all the vicissitudes, let's forgot our old grudges when smiling we meet again.“周雖舊邦，其命惟新?！薄叭鐚⒉槐M，與古為新?！保ń夥潘枷胍约吧罨误w制改革：溫總理引用了《詩經(jīng)》和《詩品》中的詩句。）Although Zhou was an ancient state, it had a reform mission;only innovation could ensure the growth and vitality of a nation.四、2007年溫家寶總理答中外記者

“召遠在修近，閉禍在除怨?！保ㄖ腥諆蓢P(guān)系：溫總理引用了《管子·版法》里的詩句）To win distantfriends, one needs, first of all, to have good relations with hisneighbors.To avoid adversity, one needs to ease animosity.“去問開化的大地，去問解凍的河流。”（民生問題：溫總理引用了詩人艾青《窗外的爭吵》里的詩句）。Go and ask thethawing land, go and ask the thawing river.“沉舟側(cè)畔千帆過，病樹前頭萬木春?！保ê{兩岸關(guān)系：溫總理引用了唐朝詩人劉禹錫《酬樂天揚州初逢席上見贈》里的詩句。）A thousand sails pass by the wrecked ship;ten thousand saplings shoot up beyond the withered tree.五、2006年溫家寶總理答中外記者

形勢稍好，尤須兢慎。危則安，思所以亂則治，思所以亡則存。We need to be cautious and prudent, especially when things are improving.To think about where danger looms will ensure our security;to think about why chaos occurs will ensure our peace;and to think about why a country falls will ensure our survival.得道者多助，失道者寡助。A just cause enjoys abundant support, while an unjust one finds little support.六、2005年溫家寶總理答中外記者

居安思危，思則有備，有備無患。We must be mindful of potential problems and get fully prepared for the worst.We must be sober-mined, cautious, prudent especially when the situation is getting a little better.一尺布尚可縫，一斗粟尚可舂，同胞兄弟何不容？Even a foot of cloth can be stitched up;even a kilo of millet can be ground.How can two blood brothers not make up?

七、2004年溫家寶總理答中外記者

溫總理在概括當(dāng)年和以后的工作時引用了毛澤東主席和屈原的詩詞：“雄關(guān)漫道真如鐵，而今邁步從頭越?！盩he strong pass of the enemy is like a wall of iron, yet with firm strides, we are conquering its summit.“路漫漫其修遠兮，吾將上下而求索?！盡y way ahead is long;I see no ending;yet high and low I'll search with my will unbending

安不忘危，治不忘亂。In security, we should never forget the dangers and in times of peace, we should always beware of the potential for chaos.

第三篇：溫總理兩會答記者問觀后感

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溫總理兩會答記者問觀后感

上周五在課上老師讓我們看了今年3月14號溫總理在兩會后答記者問的視頻，我認(rèn)真的并激動的聽了總理的回答。國務(wù)院總理溫家寶在人民大會堂三樓金色大廳與中外記者見面，并就中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展質(zhì)量、民間借貸、地方債務(wù)、收入分配差距等問題回答了記者提出的問題。這是溫總理最后一次答記者問，我對此感觸頗深，深深的感受到我們溫總理的人格魅力和知識的淵博，他引經(jīng)據(jù)典由淺到深循序漸進的給我們介紹了當(dāng)前我們國家在國際的影響，和我們國內(nèi)的情況，以及我們國家的未來的良好形勢等。

每年全國兩會結(jié)束后的總理與記者見面會，都給全國乃至全世界人民留下了深刻的印象。大家感受最深的就是總理的真誠態(tài)度和風(fēng)格鮮明。在今年的記者見面會上，溫總理的開場白再次表達出政府與人民風(fēng)雨同舟、魚水情深的關(guān)系，更表達了“永遠和人民在一起”的胸懷和志向。雁過留聲，人過留名。金杯銀杯不如老百姓的口碑，金獎銀獎不如老百姓的夸獎。當(dāng)官是一時的，做人是一輩子的。即便是在短暫的為官理政的時間里，也必須堅持為人民做一些有益的事情，“入則懇懇以盡忠，出則謙謙以自悔?！蔽ㄓ羞@樣，才能贏得人民群眾的信任理解和支持?！坝肋h和人民在一起”，正是總理執(zhí)政歷程的真實寫照。

溫總理“永遠和人民在一起”的動情話語，深深表達了他作為人民愛戴的共和國總理那種深深的“人民情結(jié)”，那就是人民總理愛人民。

從溫總理第一次記者會上“感謝人民對我的信任”到第九次記者會上表示“政如農(nóng)功，日夜思之，思其始而成其終”。再到今年表示，在最后一年任期里“我將善始而敬終”，“我將像一匹負(fù)軛的老馬，不到最后一刻絕不松套”。都充分顯示出溫總理內(nèi)心深處那種深深的人民情結(jié)。

當(dāng)溫家寶總理在回答中央電視臺記者張泉靈就如何看待對政府“拍磚”的批評聲音提問時，溫總理說道：“在網(wǎng)上聽到有?拍磚?的聲音，我并不感到奇怪，我以為這是正常的事情。群眾許多批評的意見值得我們深思，而政府重視和決定的許多重大問題，經(jīng)常是從群眾?拍磚?里頭得到的。我甚至考慮，把一些經(jīng)常批評政府的代表人士請到中南海，面對面地聽取他們的意見?！?/p>

當(dāng)有記者提出，今年的經(jīng)濟增速調(diào)低為7.5%，這是暫時性的減速，還是會變成常態(tài)性？中國經(jīng)濟是否已經(jīng)告別了高增長的階段？溫總理給出了這樣的答案：“多年來8%以上的中國經(jīng)濟增速調(diào)低到

7.5%，其主要目的就是要真正使經(jīng)濟增長轉(zhuǎn)移到依靠科技進步和提高勞動者素質(zhì)上來，真正實現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量的增長，真正有利于經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和發(fā)展方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，真正使中國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展擺脫過度依賴資源消耗和污染環(huán)境，走上一條節(jié)約資源能耗，保護生態(tài)環(huán)境的正確道路上來，真正使中國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展能最終惠及百姓的民生?！?/p>

近年來中國經(jīng)濟在強勁增長時，也帶來了貧富差距日益突出的問題，而扭轉(zhuǎn)收入分配差距，這無疑也是改善民生的另一種途徑。對此，溫總理在回答記者提問時指出，緩解收入分配差距，要著重從四

個方面入手：第一，提高城鄉(xiāng)居民的收入，提高最低工資水平，使城鄉(xiāng)居民的收入能與經(jīng)濟增長和勞動生產(chǎn)率的提高相適應(yīng)。第二，調(diào)節(jié)收入分配。要限制高收入者的收入，特別是國有企業(yè)和國有金融企業(yè)高管人員的收入，要增加中等收入的比重。第三，建立健全社會保障制度。第四，保護合法收入和取締非法收入。

“總理記者會”持續(xù)了近三個小時，溫總理對大家關(guān)心的熱點話題的都給予了真摯解答。溫家寶在回答中外記者提出的問題時說：“我擔(dān)任總理已經(jīng)9年了，這些年過得不易，也不平凡。但我總覺得還有許多工作沒有做完，許多事情沒有辦好，有不少遺憾?！甭牭娇偫磉@樣敢于剖析自己，令人無不動容。一名大國總理在面對人民群眾的利益時，還進行如此反省，不敢說自己工作做得多好。那是一種虛懷若谷的胸懷，一種對于人民利益追求的信心。而我們每一位黨員干部在聽到總理這句感人肺腑的話時，難道不亦心有戚戚嗎？

溫總理表示“將在最后一年守職而不廢，處義而不回，永遠和人民在一起?！边@體現(xiàn)了體現(xiàn)出總理為黨為國的操勞之心，彰顯出當(dāng)代中國共產(chǎn)黨人為人民服務(wù)的理想信念，值得廣大黨員干部尤其是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)。廣大黨員干部尤其是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部就是要仔細(xì)體味總理講話，從而不斷地提升黨性修養(yǎng)，牢固樹立為人民服務(wù)的宗旨意識，為讓人民過得更好、更有尊嚴(yán)而努力奮斗！

學(xué)習(xí)會上，與會人員認(rèn)真傾聽了溫總理用近3個小時時間回答境內(nèi)外14家媒體所提出的問題。作為本屆政府任期的最后一年，意

義非同尋常，面對媒體所提出的涉及各個方面的國事民生問題，溫總理旁征博引、侃侃而談，態(tài)度誠懇、立場堅定，謙虛謹(jǐn)慎、胸懷坦蕩，贏得了在場媒體記者的稱贊與尊重。溫總理的答記者問條理清晰、切合實際，全體辦公室工作人員要通過學(xué)習(xí)會，學(xué)風(fēng)采、學(xué)談吐、學(xué)智慧、學(xué)敬業(yè)，要從答記者問中領(lǐng)略到大國領(lǐng)袖的風(fēng)范。

第四篇：溫總理2012年兩會答記者問

溫總理2012年記者會全文

新華社北京3月14日電十一屆全國人大五次會議14日上午在人民大會堂舉行記者會，國務(wù)院總理溫家寶應(yīng)大會發(fā)言人李肇星的邀請會見中外記者，并回答記者提問。

記者會開始時，溫家寶說，記者朋友們，這是我在“兩會”之后最后一次同大家見面了。我要感謝多年來記者朋友們對于中國改革和建設(shè)事業(yè)的關(guān)注。

今年可能是最困難的一年，但也可能是最有希望的一年。人民需要政府的冷靜、果敢和誠信；政府需要人民的信任、支持和幫助。面對國際金融危機和歐債危機的蔓延、發(fā)展，關(guān)鍵是把我們自己的事情辦好。我將在最后一年“守職而不廢，處義而不回”，永遠同人民在一起。

我愿意回答大家的問題。

新華社記者：總理，您好，我是新華社記者，也是中國新華新聞電視網(wǎng)的記者。今年是本屆政府任期的最后一年，請問總理，您如何評價自己的工作？

溫家寶：我擔(dān)任總理已經(jīng)9年了，這些年過得不易，也不平凡。但我總覺得還有許多工作沒有做完，許多事情沒有辦好，有不少遺憾。我懂得政府的一切權(quán)力都是人民賦予的，我所做的工作都是應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任。我為能做人民的公仆為人民辦些實事而感到欣慰。我真誠希望，我，連同我這一生為人民做的有益的事情，人民都把他忘記，并隨著我日后長眠地下而湮沒無聞。

由于能力所限，再加上體制等各方面的原因，我的工作還有許多不足。雖然我沒有因為不負(fù)責(zé)任而造成任何一件事情上的失誤，但是作為國家最高行政機關(guān)的負(fù)責(zé)人，對于我在任職期間中國經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)生的問題，我都負(fù)有責(zé)任。為此，我感到歉疚。

在最后一年，我將像常年負(fù)軛的老馬，不到最后一刻絕不松套。努力以新的成績彌補我工作上的缺憾，以得到人民的諒解和寬恕?！叭雱t懇懇以盡忠，出則謙謙以自悔”，我將堅守這個做人的原則，并把希望寄托后人。我相信，他們一定會比我做得更好。

我秉承“茍利國家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之”的信念，為國家服務(wù)整整45年，我為國家和人民傾注了我全部的熱情、心血和精力，沒有謀過私利。我敢于面對人民、面對歷史?！爸易镂遥湮洞呵铩贰?。

美國全國廣播公司記者：得益于較好的國際環(huán)境和貿(mào)易體系，過去的十年，是中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展最快的十年。在您任期的最后一年，特別是考慮到不久前在波士頓的國際碼頭工人協(xié)會向您授予獎項，如果您只能做一件事來使中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系實現(xiàn)再平衡，為更多的美國工人創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機會，您將會做什么事？有些批評人士表示中國扭曲了國際競爭，使貿(mào)易對自己有利，您是否會考慮改革中國的貿(mào)易體系？

溫家寶：最近美國碼頭工人協(xié)會授予我一個“美國工人最佳之友獎”，這個獎與其說是授予我的，不如說是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)互利共贏的一個范例。

如果我做一件事能夠緩解中美貿(mào)易的不平衡，那么我選擇哪一件事情？其實這個問題我已經(jīng)深思熟慮很久了，并且在2009年和2011年兩次同奧巴馬總統(tǒng)做了深談。我以為解決中美貿(mào)易的不平衡，以及由此引起的各種困難和摩擦，還是要通過合作的辦法。因此，我比較完整地提出了關(guān)于促進中美經(jīng)貿(mào)、金融與投資合作的一攬子計劃的建議。它包括：首先，進一步發(fā)展中美之間的雙向貿(mào)易。中國擴大美國產(chǎn)品的進口，美國要開放美國產(chǎn)品的出口，取消限制。其次，加強雙向投資。兩國應(yīng)該為投資創(chuàng)造有利條件，并實行投資保護。第三，加強兩國在新能源、新材料、節(jié)能環(huán)保、航天航空等高科技領(lǐng)域的合作，開辟新的合作領(lǐng)域。第四，加強基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的合作，并使這種合作與金融合作相聯(lián)系。就是說中國愿意投資美國的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，擴大美國工人的就業(yè)。這是一舉雙得的事情。

奧巴馬總統(tǒng)非常重視我的建議，雙方已經(jīng)就此進行研究。我相信合作比對抗好，只要循著這條正確的路子走下去，中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系會走上一條健康、持久發(fā)展的道路。

至于你說到美國關(guān)心中國貿(mào)易體系改革的問題，如果講得明確一點，主要指三個問題：第一，就是進出口的基本平衡。我可以明確地告訴你，在2011年中國經(jīng)常性賬戶差額占GDP的比重已經(jīng)降到2.8%，小于3%的國際公認(rèn)的合理水平。就是說在國際收支和貨物貿(mào)易上，中國已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了基本平衡。第二，匯率，也是美國關(guān)注的。從2005年匯改以來，中國實際有效匯率已經(jīng)升值30%。請記者先生注意一種現(xiàn)象：從去年9月份開始，在香港市場無本金遠期交割市場，也就是所謂NDF市場，開始雙向波動。這就告訴我們，中國的人民幣匯率有可能已經(jīng)接近均衡水平。我們將繼續(xù)加大匯改的力度，特別是較大幅度地實行雙向的波動。第三，我們將堅持多哈回合談判的宗旨，主張自由貿(mào)易、反對保護主義。

臺灣《中國時報》記者：我想請教的問題是在過去4年兩岸實現(xiàn)了“三通”直航，有關(guān)人員往來和經(jīng)貿(mào)交流合作取得了歷史性的高峰。臺灣媒體評價認(rèn)為，過去4年大概是兩岸關(guān)系60年來最穩(wěn)定、最和平發(fā)展的4年。未來4年可能延續(xù)這樣的發(fā)展機遇。在今年政府最后任期一年，您所期待兩岸文化交流前景是什么樣的狀況？在去年6月份，您提到過的《富春山居圖》在臺灣展出，不曉得您當(dāng)時的心情是什么樣的？今天大家很關(guān)心在明年3月您退休以后有沒有可能到臺灣自由行？

溫家寶：我已經(jīng)連續(xù)10年在這個場合談臺灣問題了，每一次心情都很不平靜。我很高興地看到，去年兩岸同胞交往更頻繁，感情更融洽，關(guān)系更緊密，“九二共識”和兩岸關(guān)系的政治、經(jīng)濟、文化和民意基礎(chǔ)更牢固。

如果說在本屆政府最后一年，在促進兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展，特別是在加強經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系方面再做一些實事。我首先考慮的是，要加快ECFA的后續(xù)談判。在加強兩岸經(jīng)貿(mào)交往當(dāng)中特別要照顧臺灣中小企業(yè)、弱勢產(chǎn)業(yè)和基層群眾的利益，尤其是中南部群眾的利益。兩岸的金融合作會有進一步的發(fā)展，包括推進銀行貨幣結(jié)算體系的合作，鼓勵兩岸銀行相互參股，為支持經(jīng)貿(mào)合作發(fā)揮金融的作用。對于臺資在大陸的企業(yè)，我們要給予特別的關(guān)心，創(chuàng)造條件幫助他們轉(zhuǎn)型升級、擴大內(nèi)銷市場。

我2010年在這里講了《富春山居圖》的故事。“精誠所至，金石為開”。我高興地得知，這幅分離很久的《富春山居圖》終于在臺北合璧展出，這反映出中華文化具有強大的向心力和震撼力。我雖不能至，但心向往之。我常想，難道幾千年的文化恩澤就不能消弭幾十年的政治恩怨？我真誠希望兩岸進一步加強文化交流和人員往來。

至于我在退休以后能不能到臺灣去自由行。坦誠地講，我愿意去，但是還得看條件。不過請你轉(zhuǎn)達對臺灣人民的問候。我想起了清代臺灣割讓后，臺中一位詩人林朝崧的一句詩，叫“情天再補雖無術(shù)，缺月重圓會有時”。我相信，只要全體中華兒女共同努力，祖國統(tǒng)一和民族振興的大業(yè)一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)，這是整個中國人的驕傲。

新加坡《聯(lián)合早報》記者：我的問題是，最近幾年您多次在不同場合提到了政治體制改革，引起了很大的關(guān)注。請問您多次反復(fù)提到政治體制改革的原因在哪里？中國推進政治體制改革的難度又在什么地方？

溫家寶：是的，這些年我多次談到政治體制改革，應(yīng)該說已經(jīng)比較全面和具體了。如果問我為什么關(guān)注這件事情，我是出于責(zé)任感。粉碎“四人幫”以后，我們黨作出了關(guān)于建國以來若干歷史問題的決議，實行了改革開放。但是“文革”錯誤的遺毒和封建的影響并沒有完全清除。隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，又產(chǎn)生了分配不公、誠信缺失、貪污腐敗等問題。我深知解決這些問題，不僅要進行經(jīng)濟體制改革，而且要進行政治體制改革，特別是黨和國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)制度的改革。

現(xiàn)在改革到了攻堅階段，沒有政治體制改革的成功，經(jīng)濟體制改革不可能進行到底，已經(jīng)取得的改革和建設(shè)成果還有可能得而復(fù)失，社會上新產(chǎn)生的問題也不能從根本上得到解決，“文化大革命”這樣的歷史悲劇還有可能重新發(fā)生。每個有責(zé)任的黨員和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部都應(yīng)該有緊迫感。

當(dāng)然，我深知改革的難度，主要是任何一項改革必須有人民的覺醒、人民的支持、人民的積極性和創(chuàng)造精神。在中國這樣有13億人口的大國，又必須從國情出發(fā)，循序漸進地建立社會主義民主政治。這不是一件輕而易舉的事情，但是改革只能前進，不能停滯，更不能倒退，停滯和倒退都沒有出路。

我知道，人們不僅看我說什么、我的理想和信念，更看我通過自己的努力能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)什么樣的目標(biāo)。我可以對大家講，為了中國的改革開放事業(yè)，只要還有一口氣，我就奮斗一天。

《人民日報》記者：最近一輪房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控，大家都非常關(guān)注，中央的決心很大，力度也很大，一些城市的房價已經(jīng)開始回落。請問總理，住房價格回落到什么程度才算是達到了調(diào)控目標(biāo)？另外，面對經(jīng)濟增速放緩和地方財政壓力，樓市調(diào)控會不會半途而廢？

溫家寶：出于一種責(zé)任感，我最近把從2003年開始的房地產(chǎn)調(diào)控認(rèn)真地回顧了一下。其實我們在2003年已經(jīng)提出了6條調(diào)控措施，2005年又制定了“國八條”，2006年又制定了“國六條”。但是，為什么調(diào)控不見成效？群眾也在責(zé)怪我們，說房價越調(diào)越高，政策不出中南海。我聽了感到十分痛心。我覺得房地產(chǎn)市場關(guān)系到財政、金融、土地等各項政策，涉及到中央和地方的利益關(guān)系，涉及到金融企業(yè)和房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)的利益，調(diào)控的阻力相當(dāng)之大。

為什么這兩年房地產(chǎn)調(diào)控在艱難中看到一點曙光，有所進展，首先是我們調(diào)控的決心堅定而不動搖；其次，我們抓住了抑制投機和投資性需求這個要害問題，采取了有針對性的政策措施。

對于房地產(chǎn)市場，我有個基本看法，那就是：中國有13億人口，又處在工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化快速發(fā)展階段，對住房的需求是剛性的，而且將會是持續(xù)的。當(dāng)然，我們說住有其居，并不意味著住者有其屋。從方向上看，應(yīng)該鼓勵更多的人租房。

關(guān)于房地產(chǎn)市場發(fā)展，我有幾個觀點：第一，要保持房地產(chǎn)業(yè)長期平穩(wěn)健康發(fā)展。如果盲目發(fā)展，出現(xiàn)泡沫，一旦破滅，不僅影響房地產(chǎn)市場，而且會拖累整個經(jīng)濟。第二，什么叫房價合理回歸？我以為合理的房價，應(yīng)該是使房價與居民的收入相適應(yīng)，房價與成本和合理的利潤相匹配。現(xiàn)在我可以明確地告訴大家，一些地方房價還遠遠沒有回到合理價位。因此，調(diào)控不能放松。如果放松，將前功盡棄，而且會造成房地產(chǎn)市場的混亂，不利于房地產(chǎn)長期、健康和穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。第三，房地產(chǎn)市場的發(fā)展，毫無疑問要充分發(fā)揮市場配置資源的基礎(chǔ)性作用，就是說要充分利用市場這只手。但是政府這只手也不可缺少，因為它能保證穩(wěn)定和促進公平。

香港無線電視記者：總理您2003年曾經(jīng)訪問過香港，九年過去了，香港發(fā)生了很多的變化，而我們也將迎來新的變化。對于現(xiàn)在進行的香港特首選舉，請問總理您有什么看法？另外除了政府換屆和歐債危機等挑戰(zhàn)外，您認(rèn)為香港還面臨著哪些深層次的問題有待解決？最后對于香港未來的發(fā)展您有什么祝愿？

溫家寶：我是愛香港的。2003年我曾經(jīng)去過一次香港，我在那里用了黃遵憲先生的一句詩來形容：“寸寸河山寸寸金”。香港回歸15年了，15年香港發(fā)展的變化證明了“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、高度自治具有強大的生命力。

在這15年當(dāng)中，香港走過的路也不平常，遇到了兩次金融危機的沖擊。但是在特區(qū)政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，港人共同努力戰(zhàn)勝了金融危機，香港至今仍保持著國際金融中心的地位和高度的自由市場經(jīng)濟。2011年香港的人均GDP達到3.42萬美金，是歷史上最高，就業(yè)也處于較好的水平。香港現(xiàn)在是困難與機遇同在，一方面金融危機和歐債危機的影響和壓力還存在；另一方面，香港還面臨著經(jīng)濟下行和通脹的雙重壓力。在這種情況下，香港必須努力發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、改善民生、推進民主、保持社會和諧，重點解決好社會公平、物價穩(wěn)定、居民住房和教育醫(yī)療等重大問題。

現(xiàn)在香港正在進行第四任特首的選舉，我相信只要堅持公開、公正、公平的原則，并且嚴(yán)格依照法律程序辦事，香港一定能夠選出一個為多數(shù)港人所擁護的特首。

目前香港確實有困難，我想起鄧小平先生的一句話：“香港人是能夠治理好香港的，要有這個自信心?！?/p>

我真想再去一次香港，到淘大花園看看那里的居民，到港大同學(xué)生們進行交流。請記者轉(zhuǎn)達我對香港同胞的問候。

《華盛頓郵報》記者：一年以前，我的一個記者同事曾經(jīng)向您問到一個關(guān)于在中國進行直選的問題，當(dāng)時您表示這個進程應(yīng)該是循序漸進的，首先中國老百姓應(yīng)該證明他們有能力來管好一個村的事務(wù)，然后他們逐漸可以管好一個鄉(xiāng)、一個縣的事務(wù)。今年，在世界許多國家老百姓都將會通過直接選舉選出自己的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，人們不禁要問，什么時候在中國的老百姓才能夠通過這種競爭性、直接性的選舉選出他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人呢？

溫家寶：是的。我曾經(jīng)不止一次地提出過，要堅定不移地實行村民自治，并且保護村民直選的合法權(quán)利?，F(xiàn)在農(nóng)村村委會許多實踐證明，農(nóng)民直選村委會是成功的。他們不僅有高度的熱情，而且按照村委會組織法制定了嚴(yán)格的選舉辦法。

我至今還是這樣認(rèn)為，群眾能夠管好一個村，就能夠管好一個鄉(xiāng)的事情；能夠管好一個鄉(xiāng)，就能夠管好一個縣的事情。我們應(yīng)該按照這條道路鼓勵群眾大膽實踐，并且在實踐中使他們受到鍛煉。我相信，中國的民主會根據(jù)中國的國情循序漸進地得到發(fā)展。這是任何力量所阻擋不住的。

《財經(jīng)》雜志記者：我的提問是，今年的經(jīng)濟增速調(diào)低為7.5%，這是暫時性的減速，還是會變成常態(tài)性？中國經(jīng)濟是否已經(jīng)告別了高增長的階段？國際社會在某種程度上將渡過經(jīng)濟危機的希望寄于中國經(jīng)濟的高速增長，現(xiàn)在中國調(diào)低了增速會對國際經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇產(chǎn)生哪些影響？

溫家寶：政府工作報告作了以后，世界上各種媒體反響最大的，就是關(guān)于中國經(jīng)濟增長的速度。我以為他們抓住了一個要害問題。這次我們將多年來8%的中國經(jīng)濟增速預(yù)期目標(biāo)調(diào)低到7.5%，其主要目的就是要真正使經(jīng)濟增長轉(zhuǎn)移到依靠科技進步和提高勞動者素質(zhì)上來，真正實現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量的增長，真正有利于經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和發(fā)展方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，真正使中國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展擺脫過度依賴資源消耗和污染環(huán)境，走上一條節(jié)約資源降低能耗，保護生態(tài)環(huán)境的正確道路上來，真正使中國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展能惠及民生。

這個決心是在制定“十二五”規(guī)劃時就下了的。我們“十二五”規(guī)劃設(shè)定的目標(biāo)是7%，今年確定經(jīng)濟增長7.5%，是為了與“十二五”規(guī)劃的要求相銜接。同時，我也必須說明，這是我們主動調(diào)控的結(jié)果。應(yīng)該承認(rèn)，由于歐債危機、外部市場萎縮，中國經(jīng)濟有下行的壓力。但我們調(diào)低速度主要是為了結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。

我想說明的一點是，當(dāng)我們宣布這個指標(biāo)以后，許多國家的經(jīng)濟界、專家學(xué)者、新聞媒體都認(rèn)為，從本質(zhì)上看這是一個利好消息。因為中國經(jīng)濟能夠克服不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問題，真正走上一條注重質(zhì)量的發(fā)展道路，從根本上有利于世界經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。

現(xiàn)在，對于我們來說，還是要把握好保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)、管好通脹預(yù)期三者的關(guān)系。中國的經(jīng)濟總量已經(jīng)達到47萬億元人民幣，在這個基礎(chǔ)上，增長7.5%并不算低。如果一直保持這個速度，在經(jīng)濟總量不斷增長的情況下，更不算低。而且我們要想方設(shè)法使同樣的增長速度能夠取得更大的經(jīng)濟效益，能夠使人民得到更多的實惠。我們一定能夠做到這一點，這是我們的目標(biāo)。

中央電視臺記者：我想問您的問題是，近年來您有很多次提起要促進社會的公平正義，但是現(xiàn)在社會上一些不公平的現(xiàn)象仍然是老百姓關(guān)注的焦點。請問您在任期之內(nèi)還會做哪些工作進一步促進社會的公平正義？另外，我們知道您常常會上網(wǎng)，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上您可以看到網(wǎng)民對政府工作、對您本人的肯定和贊揚，但是也會有“拍磚”的，您怎么看待這些批評的聲音？

溫家寶：我曾經(jīng)說過，公平正義比太陽還光輝。公平正義是社會主義的本質(zhì)特征。實事求是地講，9年來，我們?yōu)閷崿F(xiàn)社會的公平正義做了大量不可磨滅的工作。首先，在法律上，我們通過修改憲法，將尊重和保障人權(quán)寫入憲法。我們制定了物權(quán)法，使合法的私有財產(chǎn)得到法律保護。我們修改了選舉法，使城鄉(xiāng)選民具有平等的權(quán)利。我們廢除了收容遣送條例，使農(nóng)民能自由進城務(wù)工。在短短的幾年，中國城市化率超過50%。其次，在農(nóng)村，我們堅決地取消了農(nóng)業(yè)稅，減輕了農(nóng)民的不合理負(fù)擔(dān)。第三，在教育上，我們實行了九年免費義務(wù)教育，對農(nóng)村的孩子上職業(yè)學(xué)校實行免費，同時對大學(xué)和農(nóng)村高中階段的教育實行獎助學(xué)金制度，對困難地區(qū)農(nóng)村寄宿制學(xué)校學(xué)生給予補貼。第四，我們建立和完善了包括養(yǎng)老、失業(yè)、醫(yī)療、低保在內(nèi)的社會保障體系。企業(yè)職工醫(yī)療保險、城市居民醫(yī)療保險和新農(nóng)合已經(jīng)覆蓋13億人口。這些都是我們朝著公平正義邁出的具有制度性的步伐。當(dāng)然，我深知，社會分配不公以及司法不公引起群眾的不滿。我們必須繼續(xù)推進促進社會公平的各項工作。

在我任職的最后一年，政府還將要做幾件困難的事情，一定要做，努力做好，而不留給后人。第一件事情，就是要制定收入分配體制改革的總體方案。第二件事情，就是要制定并出臺農(nóng)村集體土地征收補償條例，真正保障法律賦予農(nóng)民的財產(chǎn)權(quán)利。第三件事情，實現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)養(yǎng)老保險的全覆蓋。第四件事情，按照新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)全面推進集中連片貧困地區(qū)的扶貧工作。第五件事情，我們已經(jīng)將教育經(jīng)費占GDP的4%列入預(yù)算，我們一定要通過努力實現(xiàn)這個目標(biāo)，并使經(jīng)費合理使用。

政府的一切權(quán)力都是人民賦予的，我們應(yīng)該創(chuàng)造條件讓人民提出意見批評政府。因此，在網(wǎng)上聽到有“拍磚”的聲音，我并不感到奇怪，我以為這是正常的事情。群眾許多批評的意見值得我們深思，而政府重視和決定的許多重大問題，經(jīng)常是從群眾“拍磚”里頭得到的。我甚至考慮，把一些經(jīng)常批評政府的代表人士請到中南海，面對面地聽取他們意見。如果你們注意的話，在今年政府工作報告聽取意見的安排中，我們已經(jīng)嘗試做了，但還很不夠。

在我擔(dān)任總理期間，確實謠諑不斷，我雖然不為所動，但是心里也不免感到有些痛苦。這種痛苦不是“信而見疑、忠而被謗”的痛苦，而是我獨立的人格不為人們所理解，因而我對社會感到有點憂慮。我將堅持“人言不足恤”的勇氣，義無反顧地繼續(xù)奮斗。

半島電視臺記者：眾所周知，中國與阿拉伯國家和中東地區(qū)的友好關(guān)系是由來已久的，中國也一直致力于與國際社會一道解決問題。而在中東問題尤其是在敘利亞問題上，中國的立場與其他很多國家存在很大的分歧。那么中方解決敘利亞問題的立場以及出發(fā)點是什么？另外，中國如何看待阿拉伯人民追求民主的訴求？中方是否擔(dān)心與阿拉伯人民的關(guān)系受到影響？

溫家寶：在敘利亞問題上，中國沒有私利，不會偏袒任何一方，包括敘利亞政府。我們將根據(jù)是非曲直做出自己正確的判斷，并決定立場。中國在敘利亞問題上的立場可以概括為四點：第一，要保障平民的生命安全。敘利亞各方都要立即停止對無辜平民的殺戮。第二，中國尊重敘利亞人民要求變革和維護自身利益的合理訴求。第三，中國支持聯(lián)合國和阿盟聯(lián)合特使對敘利亞問題的政治斡旋。第四，對敘利亞人民現(xiàn)在遭受的人道主義苦難，我們深表同情，已經(jīng)并將繼續(xù)參與國際人道主義援助。中國也在用自己的方式加緊做敘利亞各方的工作，開啟政治對話的進程。阿拉伯人民追求民主的訴求，必須得到尊重和切實的回應(yīng)。而且我以為，這種民主的趨勢是任何力量不可阻擋的。

中國同阿拉伯國家有著上千年的友好交往史，尊重伊斯蘭文明、支持阿拉伯人民的正義事業(yè)，是我們一貫的立場。我們已經(jīng)在各領(lǐng)域開展了富有成果的合作。前不久，我訪問了沙特、阿聯(lián)酋和卡塔爾。我總的感覺是，中國與阿拉伯國家、海灣國家有著共識，合作是主流。在阿拉伯世界的變革中，中國的立場將會為阿拉伯各國所理解，并且贏得信任，最終會增進中國與阿拉伯世界的關(guān)系。

中央人民廣播電臺記者：最近，社會上非常關(guān)注一個案件，就是浙江吳英案，您個人覺得吳英到底該不該被判死刑？同時，您怎么看當(dāng)前民間資本投融資難的問題？

溫家寶：我注意到，一段時間以來社會上十分關(guān)注吳英案。我想這件事情給我們的啟示是：第一，對于民間借貸的法律關(guān)系和處置原則應(yīng)該做深入的研究，使民間借貸有明確的法律依據(jù)。第二，對于案件的處理，一定要堅持實事求是，以事實為依據(jù)，以法律為準(zhǔn)繩。我注意到，最高人民法院已下發(fā)了關(guān)于依法妥善審理民間借貸糾紛案件的通知，并且對吳英案采取了十分審慎的態(tài)度。第三，這件事情反映了民間金融的發(fā)展與我們經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的需求還不適應(yīng)。現(xiàn)在的問題是，一方面企業(yè)特別是小型微型企業(yè)需要大量資金，而銀行又不能滿足，民間又有不少的資金。我們應(yīng)該引導(dǎo)，允許民間資本進入金融領(lǐng)域，使其規(guī)范化、公開化，既鼓勵發(fā)展，又加強監(jiān)管。我可以告訴大家，中國人民銀行和中國銀監(jiān)會正在積極考慮將溫州作為民間金融綜合改革的試點之一。

法新社記者：自去年以來，我們看到在中國藏區(qū)出現(xiàn)了一系列藏人自焚的現(xiàn)象。我想問您本人是否對這一現(xiàn)象深感關(guān)切？您認(rèn)為您領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的政府將采用什么樣的方式才能最好地應(yīng)對這個局面？

溫家寶：最近一段時間，在藏區(qū)發(fā)生了一些僧人自焚的現(xiàn)象。我們不贊成用這種極端的行為來干擾、破壞社會的和諧。年輕的僧人是無辜的，我們對他們這種行為感到十分沉痛。應(yīng)該明確的是，西藏和四省藏區(qū)都是中國領(lǐng)土不可分割的一部分。在印度達蘭薩拉設(shè)立的所謂的“西藏流亡政府”，不管是**喇嘛直接操控還是間接影響，都是政教合一的，其目的就是要把西藏和藏區(qū)從祖國分離出去。在這個問題上，我們的立場和原則是堅定的。

在西藏，我們實行民族區(qū)域自治制度。雖然西藏這些年經(jīng)濟社會有了很大的發(fā)展，但是毋庸諱言，西藏同內(nèi)地相比還比較落后。因此，中央已經(jīng)采取了積極的措施，包括制定和落實加快西藏發(fā)展的新規(guī)劃。這些政策措施的主要目的，在于提高農(nóng)牧民的生活水平。西藏經(jīng)濟要發(fā)展，但同時要注意保護西藏的生態(tài)環(huán)境和文化傳統(tǒng)。我們尊重藏族同胞的宗教信仰自由，他們的信仰是受到法律保護的。我們對藏族同胞要采取平等和尊重的態(tài)度，并且不斷地改善我們的工作。

溫家寶：如果不累的話，我們再提兩個問題。

中國新聞社記者：我們知道，中國經(jīng)濟多年來強勁增長，但貧富差距問題也日益突出。您在最近幾年的政府工作報告中多次提到要努力扭轉(zhuǎn)收入分配差距擴大的趨勢。請問中國政府將采取哪些措施來解決這個問題，讓更多的人分享改革和發(fā)展的成果？

溫家寶：關(guān)于緩解收入分配差距的問題，我想著重從四個方面入手：第一，提高城鄉(xiāng)居民的收入，提高最低工資水平，使城鄉(xiāng)居民的收入能與經(jīng)濟增長和勞動生產(chǎn)率的提高相適應(yīng)。第二，調(diào)節(jié)收入分配。要限制高收入者的收入，包括國有企業(yè)和國有金融企業(yè)高管人員的收入，要增加中等收入者的比重。第三，建立健全社會保障制度。第四，保護合法收入，取締非法收入。

我以為在收入分配中，特別應(yīng)該把握好三點：首先，就是要為所有的人創(chuàng)造一個學(xué)習(xí)、就業(yè)和創(chuàng)業(yè)的均等機會和條件，讓他們在同一起跑線上起跑。其次，要關(guān)心困難群體的生活。一個國家如果困難群體生活狀況得以改善，那么整個國家群眾生活的狀況也就得以改善。第三，要重視財政和收入分配制度的改革，使共同富裕建立在制度的基礎(chǔ)之上。

路透社記者：最后兩個問題，第一個問題是關(guān)于您在政府工作報告中提到的地方債務(wù)的問題，您是怎么看待這個問題？到現(xiàn)在為止全國各地方政府的債務(wù)已經(jīng)形成什么樣的規(guī)模？在處理這個問題的過程中，你有什么想法呢？到底有多少債務(wù)會進行重組，還款的期限是否會延期？在應(yīng)對這個問題過程中還有什么新的政策會出臺？第二個問題是關(guān)于大家很關(guān)心的重慶市發(fā)生的所謂王立軍事件。王立軍進入美國領(lǐng)事館以后，中央的有關(guān)部門已經(jīng)進行調(diào)查。您本人是怎么看待這個事件的？您覺得這一事件會不會影響中央政府對重慶市政府和市委領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的信任？

溫家寶：關(guān)于地方政府債務(wù)問題，我想明確地告訴你以下幾點：第一，中國政府債務(wù)的負(fù)擔(dān)率和赤字率目前處于較低的水平，低于許多發(fā)達國家和新興經(jīng)濟體。第二，政府性債務(wù)的水平是可控的、安全的。2010年，我們主動審計了地方債務(wù)，總規(guī)模為10.7萬億。2011年，新增債務(wù)僅有3億，其中新舉債21536億，償債21533億。第三，對于地方債務(wù)的處置，我們將妥善處理存量，嚴(yán)格控制增量。對存量，主要是按分類管理、區(qū)別對待、逐步化解的原則加以處置；對于增量，今后所有的地方債務(wù)，都必須列入財政預(yù)算管理，接受同級人民代表大會的監(jiān)督。第四，在處理地方債務(wù)上，因為大量的債務(wù)形成的還是優(yōu)質(zhì)資產(chǎn)，有現(xiàn)金流和收益。對于這樣的債務(wù)，我們將通過它的收益來進行償還。對于公益性項目，要通過政府，包括中央政府和地方政府負(fù)責(zé)償還。我可以負(fù)責(zé)地告訴你，我們?nèi)ツ暌呀?jīng)成功地償還了所有義務(wù)教育階段學(xué)校的債務(wù)。當(dāng)然，在償還地方債務(wù)中，我們也會采取市場化的辦法。比如資產(chǎn)處置、項目轉(zhuǎn)讓和股權(quán)出售?？傊覀儠J(rèn)真對待地方債務(wù)，絕不會讓它干擾中國的建設(shè)。

王立軍事件發(fā)生以后，引起社會的高度關(guān)注，國際社會也十分關(guān)注。我可以告訴大家，中央高度重視，立即責(zé)成有關(guān)部門進行專門調(diào)查。目前調(diào)查已經(jīng)取得進展，我們將以事實為依據(jù)，以法律為準(zhǔn)繩，嚴(yán)格依法辦理。調(diào)查和處理的結(jié)果一定會給人民以回答，并且要經(jīng)受住法律和歷史的檢驗。

多年來，重慶市歷屆政府和廣大人民群眾，為改革建設(shè)事業(yè)付出了很大的努力，也取得了明顯的成績。但是，現(xiàn)任重慶市委和市政府必須反思，并認(rèn)真從王立軍事件中吸取教訓(xùn)。

我在這里想講一段話。新中國成立以來，在黨和政府的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，我國的現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)事業(yè)取得了巨大的成就，但是我們也走過彎路，有過教訓(xùn)。黨的十一屆三中全會，特別是中央作出關(guān)于建國以來黨的若干歷史問題的決議以來，確立了解放思想、實事求是的思想路線和黨的基本路線，并且做出了改革開放這一決定中國命運和前途的重大抉擇。歷史告訴我們，一切符合人民利益的實踐，都要認(rèn)真吸取歷史的經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)，并且經(jīng)受住歷史和實踐的考驗。這個道理全國人民都懂得。因此，我們對未來抱有信心。

我認(rèn)真地沒有敷衍地回答了記者朋友的每一個問題，整整三個小時了。是不是可以結(jié)束了？謝謝大家，再見。

這次見面會在人民大會堂三樓金色大廳舉行，歷時三小時。結(jié)束時，溫家寶總理來到記者席前，同在場的中外記者親切握手致意。參加采訪的記者近千名。

溫家寶總理3月14日回答中外記者提問時引用的古詩文：

（一）記者會開始后，溫家寶總理說，“面對國際金融危機和歐債危機的蔓延、發(fā)展，關(guān)鍵是把我們自己的事情辦好。我將在最后一年守職而不廢，處義而不回，永遠和人民在一起?！? “守職而不廢，處義而不回”，出自漢代黃石公《素書》。

（二）在回答新華社記者提問時，溫家寶總理說，“在最后一年，我將像一匹負(fù)軛的老馬，不到最后一刻絕不松套。努力以新的成績彌補我工作上的缺憾，以得到人民的諒解和寬恕。入則懇懇以盡忠，出則謙謙以自悔。我將堅守這個做人的原則，并把希望留給后人。我相信，他們一定會比我做得更好?！?/p>

“入則懇懇以盡忠，出則謙謙以自悔”出自元代張養(yǎng)浩《廟堂忠告》。

（三）在回答新華社記者提問時，溫家寶總理說，“我秉承‘茍利國家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之'的信念，為國家服務(wù)整整45年，我為國家、人民傾注了我全部的熱情、心血和精力，沒有謀過私利。我敢于面對人民、面對歷史。知我罪我，其惟春秋?！?/p>

“茍利國家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之”出自林則徐《赴戍登程口占示家人》。原詩為：

“力微任重久神疲，再竭衰庸定不支。茍利國家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之？謫居正是君恩厚，養(yǎng)拙剛于戍卒宜。戲與山妻談故事，試吟斷送老頭皮。”

“知我罪我，其惟春秋”。出自《孟子·滕文公下》。原句為：“春秋，天子之事也。是故孔子曰：?知我者，其惟春秋乎！罪我者，其惟春秋乎！?” 大意為，不管世人如何評說，自己都去做了。知我罪我，任由天下人評說。

（四）在回答臺灣《中國時報》記者提問時，溫家寶總理說，“我2009年在這里講了《富春山居圖》的故事，精誠所致，金石為開。我高興地得知，這幅分離很久的《富春山居圖》終于在臺北合璧展出，這反映出中華文化具有強大的向心力和震撼力。我雖不能至，但心向往之?！?/p>

“精誠所至，金石為開?！背鲎詽h·王充《論衡·感虛篇》

“雖不能至，心向往之”，出自《史記·孔子世家》：“《詩》有之：‘高山仰止，景行行止?！m不能至，然心向往之?！边@話是用來贊美孔子的，意思是：雖然不能達到這種程度，可是心里卻一直向往著。

（五）在回答臺灣《中國時報》記者提問時，溫家寶總理說，“至于我在退休以后能不能到臺灣去自由行，坦誠地講，我愿意去，但是還得看條件。不過請你轉(zhuǎn)達對臺灣人民的問候。我想起了臺灣割讓以后，臺中有一位詩人叫林朝崧，他曾經(jīng)寫過一句詩，叫‘情天再補雖無術(shù)，缺月重圓會有時'。我相信，只要全體中華兒女共同努力，祖國統(tǒng)一和民族振興的大業(yè)一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)，這是整個中國人的驕傲?！?/p>

“情天再補雖無術(shù)，缺月重圓會有時”，出自清林朝崧的《送呂厚庵秀才東歸二首》。

（六）在回答香港無線電視記者提問時，溫家寶總理說，“我是愛香港的。2003年我曾經(jīng)去過一次香港，我在那里用了黃遵憲先生的一句詩來形容：寸寸河山寸寸金?！?/p>

“寸寸河山寸寸金”，出自清黃遵憲《贈梁任父同年》。

（七）在回答中央電視臺記者提問時，溫家寶總理說，“在我擔(dān)任總理期間，確實謠諑不斷，我雖然不為所動，但是心里也不免感到有些痛苦。這種痛苦不是信而見疑、忠而被謗的痛苦，而是我獨立的人格不為人們所理解，我對社會感到有點憂慮。我將堅持人言不足恤的勇氣，義無反顧地繼續(xù)奮斗?！?/p>

“謠諑不斷”出自屈原《離騷》。

“信而見疑，忠而被謗”，出自司馬遷《史記·屈原列傳》。原文：“屈平疾王之不聽也，讒諂之蔽明也，邪曲之害公也，方正之不容也，故憂愁幽思而做《離騷》——?離騷?者，猶?離憂?也。夫天者，人之始也，父母者，人之本也。人窮則反本；故勞苦倦極，未嘗不呼天也；疾痛慘怛，未嘗不呼父母也。屈平正道直行，竭忠盡智以事其君，讒人間之，可謂窮矣！信而見疑，忠而被謗，能無怨乎？ 屈平之做《離騷》，蓋自怨生也?！秶L(fēng)》好色而不淫，《小雅》怨誹而不亂；若《離騷》者，可謂兼之矣?！?/p>

“人言不足恤”，出自《宋史·王安石列傳》，原文：“天變不足懼，人言不足恤，祖宗之法不足守”。“人言不足恤”意為對流言蜚語無需顧慮

第五篇：溫總理兩會答記者問

溫總理兩會答記者問 最后一年將像負(fù)軛老馬 不到最后一刻絕不松套

[新華社記者]總理，您好，我是新華社記者，也是中國新華新聞電視網(wǎng)的記者。今年是本屆政府任期的最后一年，請問總理，您如何評價自己的工作？謝謝總理。[03-14 10:55]

[溫家寶]我擔(dān)任總理已經(jīng)9年了，這些年過得不易，也不平凡。但我總覺得還有許多工作沒有做完，許多事情沒有辦好，有不少遺憾。[03-14 10:56]

我懂得政府的一切權(quán)力都是人民賦予的，我所做的工作都是應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任。我為能做人民的公仆而為人民辦些實事而感到欣慰。[03-14 10:57]

我真誠希望，我，連同我這一生，給人民做的有益的事情，人民都把他忘記，并隨著我日后長眠地下而湮沒無聞。[03-14 10:58]

由于能力所限，再加上體制等各方面的原因，我的工作還有許多不足。雖然沒有因為不負(fù)責(zé)任而造成任何一件事情上的失誤，但是作為國家最高行政機關(guān)的負(fù)責(zé)人，對于我在任職期間中國經(jīng)濟和社會所發(fā)生的問題，我都負(fù)有責(zé)任。為此，我感到歉疚。[03-14 10:59]在最后一年，我將像一匹負(fù)軛的老馬，不到最后一刻絕不松套。努力以新的成績彌補我工作上的缺憾，以得到人民的諒解和寬恕。入則懇懇以盡忠，出則謙謙以自悔。我將堅守這個做人的原則，并把希望留給后人。我相信，他們一定會比我做得更好。[03-14 11:03] 我秉承“茍利國家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之”的信念，為國家服務(wù)整整45年，我為國家、人民傾注了我全部的熱情、心血和精力，沒有謀過私利。我敢于面對人民、面對歷史。知我罪我，其惟春秋。[03-14 11:03]