第一篇：復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞

復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞

(les pronoms relatifs composes)

1.詞形(la nature de mots)

Singulier

MasculinFeminin

lequellaquelle

auquelà laquelle

duquelde laquelle

Pluriel

MasculinFeminin

lesquelslesquelles

auxquelsauxquelles

desquelsdesquelles

1)復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞：lequel, laquelle, lesquels, lesquelles.可以指人或物，其性數(shù)和先行詞一致。

2)復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞有詞形變化，前面如有à或de要縮合：

auquel, auxquels, auxquelles.duquel, desquels, desquelles.不能縮合的，要寫(xiě)成兩個(gè)詞：à laquelle, de laquelle

2.用法(l’emploi):

1)關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞，一般用復(fù)合關(guān)系帶來(lái)代替，指事物的名詞，在從句中作間接賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)：

Il parle du travail auquel nous avons participlé.他談起我們?cè)鴧⑴c過(guò)的那件工作。

La plume, avec laquelle il écrit, est à moi.他用來(lái)寫(xiě)字的羽毛筆是我的。

※如遇到指人的名詞時(shí)，用qui：

L’homme à qui tu demande le chemin est mon frère.你問(wèn)路問(wèn)到的那個(gè)人是我的兄弟。

La femme avec qui vous parlez est fran?aise.和您談話的那位女士是法國(guó)人。

※但介詞是parmi時(shí)，不論人或物，都用復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞：

Nous avons dix professeurs de fran?ais parmi lesquels trios sont fran?ais.我們有六位法語(yǔ)老師，其中三位是法國(guó)人。

Il y a vingt tables dans notre classe, parmi lesquelles six sont achetées récemment.我們班有20個(gè)課桌，其中有六個(gè)是最近才買(mǎi)的。

2)如果先行詞須用介詞de引導(dǎo)時(shí)，一般應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)單關(guān)系代詞dont, 不用復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞duquel, de laquelle, desquels, de qui…:

Les étudiants dont vous avez parlé sont en 3e année.你說(shuō)的那些學(xué)生是三年級(jí)的。

不用下面的句子：

*Les étudiants de qui vous avez parlé sont en 3e année.Voilà la veste dont la couleur me plait beaucoup.我很喜歡這件外套的顏色。

不用下面的句子：

*Voilà la veste, la couleur de laquelle me plait beaucoup.※如果先行詞須用帶介詞de的短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)時(shí)，要用復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞，能縮合的，要用縮合詞形，不能縮合的，要分開(kāi)寫(xiě)：

Il y aura une réunion au cours de laquelle nous discuterons le problème

économique.在即將召開(kāi)的會(huì)議期間我們將討論經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題。

※遇人時(shí)用de qui:

J’ai un bon ami avec l’aide de qui j’ai fait beaucoup de progrès.我有一個(gè)好朋友，在他的幫助下我取得了很大的進(jìn)步。

3)復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)，是比較罕見(jiàn)的，只是在書(shū)面語(yǔ)，特別是法律方面，用它來(lái)代替qui在從句中作主語(yǔ)，因?yàn)樗性~形的變化，可以避免詞義的混淆：（先行詞往往是帶修飾語(yǔ)的名詞或者兩個(gè)單一的名詞，如果兩個(gè)名詞性一致，則用復(fù)合指示代詞）：

J’ai rencontré le frère de Monique, lequel irait à la campagne.(lequel=le frère)

我碰到了莫尼克（女）的兄弟，他正準(zhǔn)備下鄉(xiāng)去。

Hier, j’ai vu M.Vincent et sa fille, lequel lisait le journal, laquelle écrivait la lettre.昨天我看到了Vincent先生和他的女兒，Vincent先生在看報(bào)紙，他女兒在寫(xiě)信。

Ce sont Lao Wang et son fils: celui-ci est lycéen, celui-là est ingénieur.這是老王和他的兒子，這位（他的兒子）是中學(xué)生，那位（老王）是工程師。

(celui-ci=son fils, celui-là=Lao Wang)

復(fù)合疑問(wèn)代詞

les pronoms interrogatifs composés

1.詞形

復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞一樣：lequel, laquelle, lesquels, lesquelles.2．用法

可以指人或物，往往是在幾個(gè)人或物中進(jìn)行選擇，意為哪個(gè)，哪些。后接以de引導(dǎo)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：

Lequel de vous va prendre la parole?

你們之中誰(shuí)準(zhǔn)備發(fā)言？

Laquelle de ces revues préférez-vous?

這些雜志之中你喜歡哪本?

Auxquels de vos camarades écrivez-vous?

你在給你同事中的哪些人寫(xiě)信？

第二篇：關(guān)系代詞強(qiáng)化專練

關(guān)系代詞強(qiáng)化專練

關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。

1）who，whom，that

這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you？他就是你想見(jiàn)的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語(yǔ)）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見(jiàn)的那個(gè)人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）

2）whose 用來(lái)指人或物，（只用作定語(yǔ)，若指物，它還可以同of which互換）。例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車壞了，大家都跑過(guò)去幫忙。

Please pass me the book whose（of which）cover is green.請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠皮的書(shū)。

3）which，that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語(yǔ)）

The package（which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作賓語(yǔ)）

不能用關(guān)系代詞Which的幾種情況

1.當(dāng)先行詞為all, little, much, few, everything, none 等不定代詞時(shí)關(guān)系代詞用that而不用which.I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.There are few books that you can read in this book store.2.當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用that, 不用which.He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited.3.當(dāng)先行詞有形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用that, 而不用which.This is the best novel that I have ever read.Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities that I have ever visited.4.當(dāng)先行詞有序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用that, 不用which.The first sight that was caught at the Great Wall has made a lasting impression on him.5.當(dāng)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the right等修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用that,不用which.That is the very thing that we can do.It is the only book that he bought himself.6.當(dāng)先行詞被all, every, any, much, little, few, no等修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用that,不用which.You can take any room that you like.There is no clothes that fit you here.7.當(dāng)主句是以which開(kāi)頭的特殊問(wèn)句時(shí),定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞一般用that而不用which.Which of the books that had pictures was worth reading?

8.在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“ It is...that...” 中,只用that,不用which.It is in this room that he was born twenty years ago.9.在“ such(the same)...as...” 句型中,關(guān)系代詞要用as, 而不用which.We need such materials as(not which)can bear high temperature.10.表示“ 正如...那樣 ”,“ 正象...” 之意時(shí), 用as, 不用which.Mary was late again, as had been expected.11.As 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可以放在主句前面, 也可以放在主句后面或主句中間,而由 which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句后面。

As we all know, oceans cover more than 70% of the earth.定語(yǔ)從句可分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。

定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫做先行詞；引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫做關(guān)系詞，在意義上和先行詞相同，并在定語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)一定成分。關(guān)系詞包括關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞兩大類。常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系代詞有that、which、who、whom、whose，由于其用法比較復(fù)雜，為方便記憶，現(xiàn)歸納一口訣，并作簡(jiǎn)明闡述。

限定that可通用，直作賓語(yǔ)可省略，介后who, that不能跟，非限who, which要分清，最、序、only、不定代very，常用that多叮嚀。

一、限定that可通用

一般情況下，關(guān)系代詞指人用who（主格），whom（賓格），whose（所有格）作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于of whom;指物用which(作從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ))和whose相當(dāng)于of which, 但在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，無(wú)論指人指物都可以用that替代，在從句中既可以作主語(yǔ)又可以作賓語(yǔ)，此時(shí)，that相當(dāng)于who, whom。例如：

(1)A plane is a machine which / that can fly.(在從句作主語(yǔ)，指物，不可以省略)

(2)The girl who / that helps me with my English is Jim's sister.（在從句作主語(yǔ)，指人，不可以省略)

(3)The book(which / that)Stephen Hawking wrote in 1988 quickly became a best-seller.（在從句作賓語(yǔ)，指物，可省略）

二、直作賓語(yǔ)可省略

在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞that、which、who、whom，前面沒(méi)有前置的介詞，而是直接跟在先行詞之后作從句中動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，此時(shí)，無(wú)論指人指物都可以省略。例如：

(4)Some of the guests(who / whom / that)I invited didn't come.(5)The MP3(which / that)I borrowed from Li Ming last Friday was lost on the bus.三、介后who, that不能跟

當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，介詞可前置于先行詞之后從句之首。此時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞既不可以省略，也不能用that代替which或whom。更不能用who代替whom，例如：

(6)The athlete(who / whom / that)they talked to is a famous runner.=The athlete to whom they talked is a famous runner.(7)The city(which / that)she lives in is very far away.=The city in which she lives is very far away.=The city where she lives is very far away.四、最、序、only、不定代very，常用that多叮嚀

A.當(dāng)先行詞本身是序數(shù)詞或是something, anything, everything, nothing, all, few, little, one, none等不定代詞時(shí)，常用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。例如：

(8)The first that get into the lifeboats are women and children.(9)Tom was the only one that survived the accident.（注：關(guān)系代詞作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與先行詞在人稱和數(shù)方面保持一致。）

B.當(dāng)先行詞前面有the only, the very, any, every, few, no, one, all, just等, 或其前面有形容詞的最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞（包括last, next）修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞常用that。例如:

(10)There is nothing(that)he can do.(11)That was the very pen(that)he used to write the book A Brief History Of Time.(12)I saw all the clothes that were on the table taken away by Joe.(13)This is the most interesting story(that)I have read before.一、關(guān)系代詞選定要訣

定從要學(xué)好，刪繁就簡(jiǎn)系首要，明確先行詞，然后定關(guān)系詞調(diào)；指人主格用who，賓格whom好，事物用which，主/賓都可靠；

用that引定從，人/物均需要，非限制性定從句，切勿用that導(dǎo)；關(guān)系詞作賓語(yǔ)，常將其省略掉，若介詞+關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞切勿拋，無(wú)論人/

事物，who/that均不導(dǎo)，指人必whom，事物which邀；

as引定從，（部分）主句內(nèi)容包，常含“正如”意，位置任意挑；which如此用，用時(shí)思量好，有時(shí)含“消極”味，主句之后到；

such/ the same + as，固定搭配好，特殊用法務(wù)牢記，勿用亂了套；whose作定語(yǔ)，人/物它全包，n.+ of + whom/which，可與其對(duì)調(diào)。

二、只用that作關(guān)系代詞的幾種情況

先行（詞）本身系數(shù)詞，不定代詞指事物，人與事物共先行，There be中指物詞作主語(yǔ)，關(guān)系詞定從中作表語(yǔ)，問(wèn)句避免疑問(wèn)詞重復(fù)，另有序數(shù)詞/最高級(jí)，every/ the very/ the only，以及不定代詞若干個(gè)，名詞前把事物來(lái)修飾，以上情況請(qǐng)記清，只能使用that引導(dǎo)定從句。

[鞏固練習(xí)]

請(qǐng)?jiān)跈M線上添上恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞。

1.We need comrades _____________ can help us.2.The man __________you saw yesterday was a doctor from Beijing.3.This is a story about a communist fighter ___________ name或the name of _____________ is Liu Hu-lan.4.This is our classroom，_____________ windows或

the windows of _____________ face the south.5.Here is a book _____________ will give a lot of useful knowledge.6.This is the song ___________we like best.7.I will never forget the day，on ____________ I first saw him.8.This is the room _____________ Lao Liu once lived in.9.Do you still remember the day on _____________ he joined the army？

10.The earth，_____________ we all know，moves around the sun.11._____________ is known to all，the earth is round.12.The sun is bigger than the earth，_____________ is known to us all.13.He did not study hard，_____________ led to his failure.14.We used the same type of machine _____________ they did.15.We have found such materials _____________ are used in their factory.16.Here are five fish.The two _____________were caught yesterday are gold fish.17.Everything _____________ I told you just now is true.18.They talked of the things and persons _____________ they remembered in the school.19.There are stars _____________ we still don‘t know in space.20.Li Ying is not the girl _____________ she used to be ten years ago.[試題答案]

1.who/that2.who/whom/that/×

3.whose； whom4.whose； which

5.which/ that6.which/ ×

7.which8.that/which/ ×

9.which10.as

11.As12.as/ which

13.which14.as

15.as16.that

17.that/ ×18.that/×

19.that/×20.that

第三篇：關(guān)系代詞whose的用法總結(jié)

關(guān)系代詞whose的用法總結(jié)

Let have fun first –Did you hear about the guy whose whole left side was cut off？-He’s all right now.一，探究發(fā)現(xiàn)

1.I know a friend whose brother is a pop singer.2.I know the woman whose eyes are very big.3.My mother wants to buy the dress whose price is $1000.4.It was the meeting whose importance I didn’t realize at that time.我的發(fā)現(xiàn)：關(guān)系代詞whose 即可指____也可指______, 在從句中作_____(主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ))，基本體現(xiàn)形式為：______+ ______ + ________ 且 意為：________ 判斷: 1.Would you pass me the book ____ cover is broken? 2.Do you like the book ____ I bought you yesterday.3.This is the guest house _____ we stayed last night.4.This is the guest house ____ sitting room can seat more than 30 people.5.Good friend are those _____ offer help to us when we are in trouble.6.The CCTV program, People Who Moved China, honors those ______ contributions should be remembered.二，whose 能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句嗎？

Martin Luther King _whose speech has inspired many people is my hero.仿寫(xiě)句子：_______________________________ 三．Tom’s book = the book of Tom Jane’s dress =the dress of Jane whose=________________ My brother has been admitted to a vocational school, whose graduates can find good jobs.= My brother has been admitted to a vocational school, the graduates of _____ can find good jobs.The film star, whose father is a famous actor as well, was arrested for taking drugs._________________________________________________________________.課堂總結(jié)：1._________________ 2._____________________ 3._______________

2018/8/9

第四篇：定語(yǔ)從句之關(guān)系代詞教案

要考試，找戴氏

戴氏教育樂(lè)山分校

主講教師：徐海燕

定語(yǔ)從句

在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞，或修飾整個(gè)主句的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句，它的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, which, that, as 和關(guān)系副詞when, where, why.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞 既聯(lián)系定語(yǔ)從句和它的先行詞，同時(shí)又充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句的一個(gè)成分。（主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、介詞賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)）

1、關(guān)系代詞的用法 1）、who，whom 指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。The man who were pretending to sleep asked him to come here.Where is the man who was here? People who find animals asleep often think that they are dead.Where is the man whom I saw this morning.The fellow whom I spoke to made no answer first.My sister married the man she was engaged to.※ 介詞后只能用whom 不能用who.Eg : The woman whom / who you spoke to is a model worker.The woman to whom you spoke is a model worker.2)、whose 是所有格，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)

John was so delighted that he wanted to find someone whose face had been shown.He mentioned a book whose author I can’t remember now.3）、which 指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，可以與that互換，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。

This is the book which I bought（that）yesterday.Read in light which is not too bright and not too dark.4）、關(guān)系代詞that 指人又指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中可作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，還可以作表語(yǔ)，,作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí)可以被省略

I used to work sometimes for the family that lived here.Some soldiers picked some flowers that grew there and placed them on the boy’s body.Some people seem to think that sports and games are unimportant things that people do when they are not working.He is not the man that he used to be.※ 介詞后邊不能加that The house in which we live is not large.The house which we live in is not large.The house that we live in is not large.The house we live in is not large.★ 只能用that 的情況

1、先行詞為all, , everything , nothing , something, anything , little , much等不定代詞時(shí)

Only a scientist could understand all that this pursuit meant.I am sure she has nothing that you can borrow.Everything that we saw was of great interest to us.There is little that the enemy can do to save this house that is on fire.2、先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much,修飾時(shí)

I’ve read all the books that you gave me.2、先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)

This is the first composition that he was writing in English.The smallest living things that can be seen under a microscope are dangerous.This is the best novel that I have ever read.3、先行詞被the only, the same, the last修飾時(shí)

That white flower is the only one that I really like.This is the only book that I want to find.The last plane that we visited was the bets one.4、先行詞即有人也有物時(shí)

He talks about the teachers and the schools that he had visited.5、先行詞是who或which 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)

Who is the person that is standing at the gate?

6、先行詞為who, which 時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句用that 引導(dǎo)。5）、as

A、用于the same… as, such…as , as…as , so…as.結(jié)構(gòu)中。As 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句常采用省略式。

Eg: He is of about the same age（as you）.What is learned in books cannot have the same deep effect on a child’s character as what is learned by experience.Let children read such books as will make them better and wiser.Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.B、as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可以指代整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容，有逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)

As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70% percent of the earth.As is known to all , Taiwan is a part of china.小結(jié)as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的句型：

As has been said before 如上所述

As may be imagined 正如可以想象出來(lái)的那樣

As is well known 眾所周知

As was expected 正如所預(yù)料的那樣

As has been already pointed out 正如已經(jīng)指出的那樣

As we all can see 正如我們都能看到的那樣

第五篇：關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句總結(jié)

一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

1.who指人，在從句中做主語(yǔ)

（1）The boys who are playing football are from Class One.（2）Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2.whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，?？墒÷?。

（1）Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用who代替，可省略。

（2）The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3.which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略

（1）Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(which 在句子中做主語(yǔ))

（2）This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.(which 在句子中做賓語(yǔ))

4.that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。

（1）The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(在句子中做主語(yǔ))

（2）Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?(在句子中做賓語(yǔ))

5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)

（1）he has a friend whose father is a doctor.（2）I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替

（3）the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.（4）the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.（5）do you like the book whose cover is yellow?

（6）do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

二、關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)

（1）the school(that/which)he once studied in is very famous.（2）the school in which he once studied is very famous.（3）tomorrow i will bring here a magazine(that/which)you asked for.（4）tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked.（5）we'll go to hear the famous singer(whom/that/who)we have often talked about.（6）we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.注意：

1.含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)一般不拆開(kāi)使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等

(1)（1）this is the watch which/that i am looking for.(turth)

（2）this is the watch for which i am looking.(false)2.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom，不可用who或者that；指物時(shí)用which，不能用that；

（1）the man with whom you talked is my friend.(t)（2）the man who/that you talked with is my friend.(f)

（3）the plane in which we flew to canada is very comfortable.(t)

（4）the plane in that we flew in to canada is very comfortable.(f)

3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代詞或者數(shù)詞

（1）he loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.（2）in the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.（3）there are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.解答“介詞+關(guān)系代詞 ”類型的定語(yǔ)從句題時(shí)，關(guān)鍵在于分析定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（該動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞）習(xí)慣上常與什么介詞搭配使用。這就需要同學(xué)們?cè)谄綍r(shí)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)要注重某些不及物動(dòng)詞和介詞慣用的情形，并要靈活運(yùn)用。例如：

In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.A.that B.who

C.from whom D.to whom

簡(jiǎn)析:本題定語(yǔ)從句中的turn 與介詞 to 構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)“turn to sb.for help(向某人求助）”。

定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞who、whom、whose、which和關(guān)系副詞where、when、why等引導(dǎo)，但須記?。?/p>

1.what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.2.關(guān)系詞的分析須考慮它在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分。

一.指人的關(guān)系代詞有who、whose、whom、that.試分析：

（1）The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.（2）Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing.（3）The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster.（The man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.）注：

A． 指人時(shí)有時(shí)只用who不宜用that。1．先行詞為one、ones或anyone（1）The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard.（2）Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.2．先行詞為these時(shí)

These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.3．在there be 開(kāi)頭的句子中 There is a student who wants to see you.4．一個(gè)句子中帶有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞是that，另一個(gè)宜用who，以免重復(fù)。

The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards.5．在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中

A。I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from Japan.B．主句以who開(kāi)頭的句子中,只用that,不用who。

二．指物的關(guān)系代詞有which、whose(=of which)、that.試分析： 1.I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.2.The desks(which/that)we made last year were very good.3.This is the house in which we lived last year.(= This is the house which /that we lived in last year.)4.I live in the room whose windows face south.(= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.)注：

A.介詞如果位于作為其賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞之前時(shí)，只能用whom、which不能用who或that.(1).The girl about whom they were talking is our monitor.(2).The book in which there are many interesting things was written by Li Ming.B.部分短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的介詞不可與動(dòng)詞拆開(kāi)，在定語(yǔ)從句中其介詞不可前置，只能放在其動(dòng)詞之后。

Is this the book which she is looking for? The old man who/whom they are waiting for is Professor Li.The child who/whom she is looking after is Wang Ping’s son.C． 指物時(shí)，下列情況下只能用that，不宜用which。

（1）先行詞為不定代詞，如All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、the one等。

We are willing to do anything that is good to the people.I have told them all(that)I know.All that can be done has been done.（2）先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、修飾時(shí)。

The first book that I read last night was an English novel.（3）先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或被最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。

This is one of the most interesting films that I have ever seen.This is the best that can be done now.（4）如果有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上分別表示人和物的先行詞時(shí)(先行詞既有人又有物)，定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞用which和who都不合適，只能用that。

We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.There are sheep and men that can be seen on the hill.（5）如果先行詞被the only、the very、the last、the same、any、few、little、no、all、one of、just修飾時(shí)。

This is the only book that can be lent to you.（6）當(dāng)主句是以which開(kāi)頭的特殊問(wèn)句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只用that。注意：1.不用that的情況

(a)在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。

(錯(cuò))The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.(b)介詞后不能用。

We depend on the land from which we get our food.We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.2.只能用that作為定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況

(a)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

(b)在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行詞時(shí)，只用that，不用which。

(c)先行詞有the only, the very,the same,the last,just修飾時(shí)，只用that。

(d)先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只用that,不能用which。.(e)先行詞既有人，又有物時(shí)。

(f)先行詞指物，在主句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)．

(g)為了避免重復(fù)．

(h)先行詞是the way或the reason時(shí)，that可作關(guān)系副詞，也可省略

Which is the dictionary that he used yesterday ? D．只物時(shí)，下列情況下只能用which，不宜用that。

（1）關(guān)系代詞放在介詞之后

This is the factory in which we once worked.（2）非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中

This is the book, which is written by Lu Xun.（3）that，Those作主語(yǔ)時(shí)

Those which are on the desk are English books.E．先行詞前有such、the same、as時(shí), 關(guān)系代詞用as，不用that, 但the same…as…表示同樣的, the same…that…表示同一的

He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.Such people as you refer to are rare nowadays.what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句

【典型例題解析】

例 1 The second book ______I want to read is Business @ the Speed of Thought.A.which B.what C.that D.as 解析 先行詞 book被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)要用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故選C。例 2 I'll never forget the days _____I stayed with you.A.when B.in which C.that D.for which 解析 本題指時(shí)間，故選 A。

例 3 The book______ is sold out at the moment.A.you need B.what you need

C.which you need it D.that you need it

解析 B、C、D中的what和it與先行The book相抵觸，故選 A。例 4 Is this the place ______Lincoln once lived.A.that B.which C.where D.when 解析 本題指地點(diǎn)，故選 C。

例 5 I'm one of the boys _________ never late for school.A.that is B.who are C.who am D.who is

解析 本題中 who用作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與先行詞the boys保持一致，故選B?！具x講例題】

例 6 Her sister,______ you met at my home, was a teacher of English.A.whom B.that C.which D.who is

解析 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞用 which,不用that,但指人時(shí)用who或whom.故選A。例 7 These book are for students _____ mother language is not English.A.of whom B.that C.which D.whose

解析 whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,whose用作定語(yǔ)，故選D。

三、單項(xiàng)選擇

（）

1.Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.A.who

B.which

C.whom

D.whose（）

2.I like the house_____ windows face south.A.whose

B.who’s

C.it's

D.its（）He was the only person in his office______ was invited.A.whom

B.whose

C.that

D.which（）

4.This is the museum______ we visited last year.A.where

B.in which

C.which

D.in that（）5.Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A.that

B.what

C.which

D.who

6.—Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight?

—I’m not sure.Is it in the hall _____ can hold 300 people?

A.where

B.what

C.that

D.when

7.—What kind of movies do you like? —I like movies _______ scary monsters.A.which has

B.that have

C.what has

D.why have

8.Do you know the man ______ is talking to Miss Wu?

A.he

B.whom

C.who

D.which

9.—Which is your new neighbor, Liu Hua? —The man _______ T-shirt is red.A.that

B.who

C.which

D.whose

10.—Do you know the girl _______ is talking with our teacher?

—Oh, she’s my sister.A.who

B.whose

C.whom

D.where

11.People ______ overweight need more water than thin people.A.who is

B.which are

C.that is

D.who are

12.Sorry, we dont have the coat ________ you need.A.what B.who C.whom D.which

13.This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday.A.which B.what C.whose D.whom

14.Do you know the man ________ is sitting behind Nancy?

A.what B.which C.who D.whom

15.The book ________ he bought yesterday is very interesting.A./ B.why C.when D.what

狀語(yǔ)從句專練 Ⅰ.選擇填空：

1.The man can’t get on the bus because there ________ no room on it.A.was

B.is

C.are

D.were 2.I was listening to the music ________ there was a knock at the door.A.while

B.when

C.because

D.until 3.I don’t know if he ________ tomorrow, if he _________ ,I’ll meet him.A.will come, comes

B.comes, comes C.will come, will come

D.come, will come

The teacher understands that ________ Maths had always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students.since

B.unless

C.though

D.when 5.________ I read, the more I understand.A.The more

B.So much

C.How much

D.For all 6.Would you give Johnny this letter if you ________ to see him this week.A.will happen

B.happen

C.are happened

D.happened 7.She was busy, ________ she couldn’t go to your birthday party last night.A.and

B.so

C.or

D.but 8.English is ________ a useful language ________ it is spoken in many countries of the world.A.so…that

B.such…that

C.so…because

D.such…because 9.You will succeed if you ________ harder.A.will work

B.won’t work

C.work

D.don’t work 10.Write clearly ________ your teacher can understand you correctly.A.since

B.for

C.because

D.so that 11.His brother has worked there ________ he left school.when

B.after

C.since

D.until 12.The boy didn’t stop talking ________ the second bell rang.when

B.until

C.after

D.because 13.He ran as fast as possible ________ he could reach school on time.in order to B.so as to

C.when

D.so that 初中賓語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題

1.I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow._________ he comes, I'll tell you． A.if;Whether

B.whether;Whether

C.if;That

D.if;If 2.Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is? A.what

B.how

C.whether

D.where 3.Do you know where _________ now? A.he lives

B.does he live

C.he lived

D.did he live 4.Do you know what time _________? A.the train leave

B.does the train leave

C.will the train leave

D.the train leaves 5.She wanted to know ______her mother liked the present.A which B that C.if D.what 6.Do you know ________has been selected to attend(參加)the meeting? A． who B.how C.why D.that 7.know ____ he doesn’t want to take part in the project.A.who B.what C.that

D.whose 8.She doesn’t know ______to stay or not.A.whether B.if C.why D.what 9.The teacher told me that light _______ faster than sound.A.traveled B.is traveling

C.had traveled

D.travels 10.I will find out _________.A.why is he late B.why isn’t he late C.why late he is D.why he is late

初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題與答案詳解

1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A.Which B.where C.what D.in which

2.Do you know the man _______? A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke C.I spoke to D.that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month.A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed

4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A.which B.that C.when D.on which

5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when

6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A.where B.to which C.which D.in which

7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A.where B.that C.which D.there

8.This is one of the best films _______.A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked

9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D.that you talked

10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whom B.who C.which D.that

12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom

13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A.who B.who's C.which D.whose

14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A.all that B.all what C.that D.which

15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A.which B.who C.what D.as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A.who B.whom C.that D.as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A.that B.as C.whom D.what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.I went with B.with whom I went C.with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read.A.the novels B.the such novels C.such novels D.same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A.which B.that C.whom D.what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A.which B.that C.whom D.who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A.them B.which C.whom D.who 23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A.who;/ B./;whom C.whom;/ D./;who 24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A.whose title B.its title C.the title of it D.the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the WestLake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A.for which B.for that C.in which D.what 26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A.that B.which C.as D.it

27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when 28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.which B.whose C.what D./ 29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which 30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B.which I have looked after C.that I have looked after D.I have looked after 31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A.why;that B.that;why C.for that;that D.for which;what 32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which 34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A.who B.which C.that D.it

37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A.that B.which C.from that D.from which

38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A.that B.which C.who D.as

39.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A./ B.why C.when D.whose

40.Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A.that B.which C.it D.though

41.---Did you ask the guard _______ happened?---Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A.what;that B.what;what C.which;which D.that;that

42.I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A.when;who B.that;which C.which;that D.when;which

43.The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A.owns;are B.owns;is C.own;is D.own;are

44.During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed 45.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it

46.The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.A.which;what B.through which;what C.through that;what D.what;that 47.Is _______ some German friends visited last week? A.this school B.this the school C.this school one D.this school where 48.John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A.as B.that C.what D.who

49.I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A.none of them B.neither of them C.neither of which D.none of which 50.All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have been

答案及解析 for 初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題與答案詳解(第2套)參考答案及解析

1.A.which用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。

2．C.“和誰(shuí)講話”要說(shuō)speak to sb.本題全句應(yīng)為Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是關(guān)系代詞，作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。

3.D.where是關(guān)系副詞，表示地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。

4.C.when是關(guān)系副詞，表示時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。

5．A.which是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語(yǔ)。其他幾個(gè)答案都不能作賓語(yǔ)。

6．C.解析同第5題。

7.A.解析見(jiàn)第3題。

8.A.本句話的先行詞應(yīng)該是films,因此，關(guān)系代詞that是負(fù)數(shù)概念，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)述的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞the，則the one應(yīng)該視為先行詞。

9.A.“談到某事物”應(yīng)說(shuō)talk about sth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語(yǔ)，不能用that。10.A.with which是”介詞+關(guān)系代詞“結(jié)構(gòu),常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.with有”用“的意思,介詞之后只能用which,不能用that.with which在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ),即he is writing with a pen.11.C.in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse.In front of which在從句中作狀語(yǔ).12.D.with whom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.with whom放在從句中即為:my father works with the engineer.13.D.whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作主語(yǔ)family的定語(yǔ).14.A.that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,因?yàn)橄刃性~是all,所以只能選用that引導(dǎo).15.D.the same??..as是固定用法, as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可以作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ).在本句話中,as作從句的主語(yǔ).16.D.such??? as是固定用法,as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可以作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ).在本題中,as作表語(yǔ).17.B.as作關(guān)系代詞可以單獨(dú)用來(lái)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。這時(shí)as所指代的不是主句中某個(gè)名詞，而往往指代整個(gè)主句的含義。as在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。從句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作賓語(yǔ).18.B.Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定語(yǔ)從句.with whom放在從句中為:I went to the concert with Li Ming.19.C.as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)通常構(gòu)成such?as或the same?as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。as在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。Such修飾單數(shù)名詞時(shí),要用such a??..,本題中such books, such直接修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞.20.B.things和persons是先行詞.當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句要修飾的先行詞是既表示人,又表示物的名詞時(shí),其關(guān)系代詞要用that.21.D.who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,who作從句的主語(yǔ).22.C.two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.23.D.先行詞person后有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,第一個(gè)從句省略了關(guān)系代詞whom.因?yàn)? whom作從句中met的賓語(yǔ),可以省略.第二個(gè)從句who could do it.who在從句中作主語(yǔ),不可省略.24.A.whose title引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,whose title也可以說(shuō)成the title of which 25.A.for which 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,使用介詞for,是來(lái)自于從句中的固定短語(yǔ)be famous for ”以??..而聞名".26.C.當(dāng)先行詞被such修飾時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞要用as.As在本從句中作主語(yǔ).27.A.兩個(gè)先行詞the day都是表示時(shí)間的名詞,但第一個(gè)空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ),因此要用關(guān)系副詞when.第二個(gè)空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作動(dòng)詞spent的賓語(yǔ),因此要用關(guān)系代詞which或that來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等詞后的定語(yǔ)從句中，常用that來(lái)代替“in(或其他介詞)+which”、when或where，而that?？墒÷?。

29.D.for which在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ),可用why 來(lái)替代.30.B.which I have looked after 構(gòu)成一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.31.A.The reason why? was that?.已成為一種固定句型，這一句中的why和that不能隨意換位，也不能將that改成because，盡管that這個(gè)詞在譯文中可能有“因?yàn)椤钡暮x。32.B.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個(gè)含義.33.A.解釋見(jiàn)28題.34.D.主句中的two表明不能選A.從句中的are表明不能選B.both of which用來(lái)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.35.C.as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)通常構(gòu)成such?as或the same?as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。as在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。本題中as作從句的主語(yǔ).36.B.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個(gè)含義.37.D.38.D.解析見(jiàn)35題.39.A.he makes是定語(yǔ)從句, 從句前省略了關(guān)系代詞that.40.B.which is a bad habit 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.41.A.what happened是賓語(yǔ)從句.all 之后that he knew是定語(yǔ)從句.先行詞是all,所以關(guān)系代詞只能用that.42.D.years是表示時(shí)間的名詞,用when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,是因?yàn)閣hen在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ).第二個(gè)空選用which,引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.43.C.本句話的定語(yǔ)從句是who own cars.其先行詞是people,因此,定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)的own。本句話主句的主語(yǔ)是The number of指“?..的數(shù)目”，是單數(shù)概念。因此，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用is。44.D.that followed是定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作主語(yǔ)。45.A.先行詞gas被only修飾，關(guān)系代詞要用that，而不用which。

46.B.through which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，through which即through the hole,在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。What引導(dǎo)的是see的賓語(yǔ)從句，并作從句的主語(yǔ)。47.B.為便于理解，改寫(xiě)本句話：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week.不難看出，作表語(yǔ)的the school是先行詞。that引導(dǎo)了定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)閠hat同時(shí)又作visited的賓語(yǔ)，所以被省略了。其它選項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)不對(duì)。48.A.解釋見(jiàn)35題。

49.C.因?yàn)槭莟wo ballpens, 并且定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)writes是單數(shù)概念。因此，C是正確選項(xiàng)。

50.B.本句話中，主句的主語(yǔ)是all,為抽象概念。因此，其謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用單數(shù)的has been。關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)。